Rabbit Semiconductor 101
Contents
1. 49 sample programs MASTER C owe 23 serial communication 13 Serial ports 8 13 Ethernet port 13 programming port 14 User s Manual software VO drivers 21 branes sennae 20 PACKET LIB 22 RS2321IB istainna 22 TCP IP ia 22 PCLK output 21 readUserBlock 15 sample programs 23 PONG C 23 RCM2100 23 TCPIP stota toi 23 serial communication driv ONE eats 22 TCP IP drivers 22 writeUserBlock 15 specifications 25 bus loading 30 digital I O buffer sourcing and sinking limits 33 dimensions 26 electrical mechanical and en vironmental 28 exclusion zone 27 header footprint 29 headers inasarianiizia 29 physical mounting 29 Rabbit 2000 DC characteris TICS rica iea 32 Rabbit 2000 timing dia pra calici 31 relative pin 1 locations 29 spectrum spreader 16 switching modes 19 62 RabbitCore RCM2100 SCHEMATICS 090 0114 RCM2100 Schematic www rabbitsemiconductor com documentation schemat 090 0114 pdf 090 0116 RCM2100 Prototyping Board Schematic2. J1 J3 PB1 0 m PBO GND o w VCC PB3 0 0 PB2 PA7 D o PCLK PB5 0 0 PB4 PA5 D o PA6 PB7 o 5 PB6 PA3 5o PA4 BD7 GND PA1 D o PA2 BD5 o 0 BD6 BA12 0 o PAO BD3 0 BD4 BA10 0 BA11 BD1 0 BD2 BA8 5 BA9 PE7 BDO BA6 BA7 PE5 PE6 BA4 9 BAS PE3 PE4 BA2 5 BA3 PE1 PE2 BA0 BAI GND PEO PC1 9 PCO VBAT 2 VCC PC3 9 0 PC2 IDO VRAM PC5 9 9 PC4 SMODEO 9 SMODE1 PC7 9 PC6 IRES_IN RES_OUT PD1 9 PDO IBIOWR STATUS PD3 9 PD2 IBBUFEN _ BIORD PD5 9 PD4 VCC _ GND PD7 9 PD6 Figure B 4 RCM2100 Prototyping Board Pinout Top View A pair of small holes capable of holding 30 AWG wire appears below each hole pair at locations J2 and J4 for convenience in point to point wiring when headers are installed The signals are those of the adjacent pairs of holes at J2 and J4 These small holes are also provided for the components that may be installed to the right of the prototyping area There is an additional 2 x 3 of through hole prototyping space available on the Prototyp ing Board VCC and GND traces run along the edge of the Prototyping Board for easy access A GND pad is also provided at the lower right for alligator clips or probes User s Manual 41 GND trace 000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000
3. ground via a 0 Q resistor jumper R5 as shown in RJ 45 Ethernet Plug Figure 4 T R5 7 The factory default is for the 0 Q resistor jumper at w l R5 to be installed In high noise environments it may o o be useful to ground the transformer connector assem bly directly through the chassis ground This will be Figure 4 Isolation Resistor R5 especially helpful to minimize EMI problems Once you have removed the 0 Q resistor jumper R5 use User s Manual 13 a screw in the position indicated in Figure 5 to attach the RCM2100 board to the chassis ground thereby grounding the transformer connector assembly Insert screw with ring terminal and ground other end of wire to chassis Resistor Figure 5 R5 and Chassis Ground Locations The RCM2100 is available in quantity without the transformer connector assembly and the ACT and LNK LEDs shown to the right of the transformer connector assembly in Figure 5 above installed The Ethernet signals and the LED control signals are then avail able on header J3 installed on the bottom side of the board and J3 may then be plugged in to the rest of the system An Ethernet transformer and LEDs should be included on the board that the modified RCM2100 is plugged into NOTE Contact your Z World Rabbit Semiconductor Sales Representative for quantity and pricing information related to this option 2 2 3 Programming Port Serial Port
4. 12 RabbitCore RCM2100 2 2 Serial Communication The RCM2100 board does not have an RS 232 or an RS 485 transceiver directly on the board However an RS 232 or RS 485 interface may be incorporated on the board the RCM2100 is mounted on For example the Prototyping Board supports a standard RS 232 transceiver chip 2 2 1 Serial Ports There are four serial ports designated as Serial Ports A B C and D All four serial ports can operate in an asynchronous mode up to the baud rate of the system clock divided by 32 An asynchronous port can handle 7 or 8 data bits A 9th bit address scheme where an additional bit is sent to mark the first byte of a message is also supported Serial Ports A and B can be operated alternately in the clocked serial mode In this mode a clock line synchronously clocks the data in or out Either of the two communicating devices can sup ply the clock When the Rabbit 2000 provides the clock the baud rate can be up to 1 4 of the system clock frequency or 5 52 Mbps for a 22 1 MHz clock speed 2 2 2 Ethernet Port Figure 3 shows the pinout for the RJ 45 Ethernet port J4 Note that there are two stan dards for numbering the pins on this connector the convention used here and numbering in reverse to that used here ETHERNET RJ 45 Plug RJ 45 Jack Figure 3 RJ 45 Ethernet Port Pinout The transformer connector assembly ground is con nected to the RCM2100 printed circuit board digital
5. J5 Vcc x 1 Raw D2 DCIN ae zz b_ e 1 u1 Ee O o e 1N5819 c1 c2 Us T 10 pF mR 100 nF Figure B 2 Prototyping Board Power Supply Capacitor C1 provides surge current protection for the voltage regulator and allows the external power supply to be located some distance away B 3 Using the Prototyping Board The Prototyping Board is actually both a demonstration board and a prototyping board As a demonstration board it can be used to demonstrate the functionality of the RCM2100 right out of the box without any modifications to either board There are no jumpers or dip switches to configure or misconfigure on the Prototyping Board so that the initial setup is very straightforward The Prototyping Board comes with the basic components necessary to demonstrate the operation of the RCM2100 Two LEDs DS2 and DS3 are connected to PAO and PA1 and two switches S2 and S3 are connected to PB2 and PB3 to demonstrate the interface to the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor Reset switch S1 is the hardware reset for the RCM2100 Two more LEDs driven by PA2 and PA3 may be added to the Prototyping Board for additional outputs User s Manual 39 To maximize the availability of RCM2100 resources the demonstration hardware LEDs and switches on the Prototyping Board may be disconnected This is done by cutting the traces below the silk screen outline of header JP1 on the bottom side of the Prototyping Board Figure B 3 shows
6. to set all the port E bits as outputs The sample programs in the Dynamic C SAMPLES RCM2100 directory provide further examples 3 3 1 1 PCLK Output The PCLK output is controlled by bits 7 and 6 of the Global Output Register GOCR on the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor and so can be enabled or disabled in software Starting with Dynamic C v 7 02 the PCLK output is disabled by default at compile time to mini mize radiated emissions the PCLK output is enabled in earlier versions of Dynamic C Use the following code to set the PCLK output as needed PCLK output driven with peripheral clock WrPortI GOCR amp GOCRShadow GOCRShadow amp 0xc0 PCLK output driven with peripheral clock 2 WrPortI GOCR amp GOCRShadow GOCRShadow amp 0xc0 0x40 PCLK output off low WrPortI GOCR amp GOCRShadow GOCRShadow amp 0xc0 0x80 PCLK output on high WrPortI GOCR amp GOCRShadow GOCRShadow 0xc0 User s Manual 21 3 3 2 Serial Communication Drivers Library files included with Dynamic C provide a full range of serial communications sup port The RS232 LIB library provides a set of circular buffer based serial functions The PACKET LIB library provides packet based serial functions where packets can be delim ited by the 9th bit by transmission gaps or with user defined special characters Both libraries provide blocking functions which do not return until they are finished transmit ting or receivin
7. typing Board Table B 1 Prototyping Board Specifications Parameter Specification Board Size 4 25 x 5 25 x 1 00 108 mm x 133 mm x 25 mm Operating Temperature 40 C to 70 C Humidity 5 to 95 noncondensing Input Voltage 7 5 V to 25 V DC Maximum Current Draw including user added circuits 1 A at 12 V and 25 C 0 7 A at 12 V and 70 C Prototyping Area 1 7 x 4 43 mm x 102 mm throughhole 0 1 spacing Standoffs Spacers 4 accept 6 32 x 3 8 screws 38 RabbitCore RCM2100 B 2 Power Supply The RCM2100 requires a regulated 5 V 0 25 V DC power source to operate Depending on the amount of current required by the application different regulators can be used to supply this voltage The Prototyping Board has an onboard LM340 T5 or equivalent The LM340 T5 is an inexpensive linear regulator that is easy to use Its major drawback is its inefficiency which is directly proportional to the voltage drop across it The voltage drop creates heat and wastes power A switching power supply may be used in applications where better efficiency is desir able The LM2575 is an example of an easy to use switcher This part greatly reduces the heat dissipation of the regulator The drawback in using a switcher is the increased cost The Prototyping Board itself is protected against reverse polarity by a Shottky diode at D2 as shown in Figure B 2 LINEAR POWER SUPPLY
8. BA0 BA12 BD0 BD7 NOW NOR PE7 Figure D 4 Sample External Memory Connections Sample Program EXTSRAM2 C in SAMPLES RCM2100 52 RabbitCore RCM2100 D 4 D A Converter The output will initially be 0 V to 10 05 V after the first inverting op amp and 0 V to 10 05 V after the second inverting op amp All lows produce 0 V out FF produces 10 V out The output can be scaled by changing the feedback resistors on the op amps For example changing 5 11 kQ to 2 5 kQ will produce an output from 0 V to 5 V Op amps with a very low input offset voltage are recommended 22 pF 5 11 kQ 10 kQ 649 KQ 324 KQ 162 kQ CTO CT7 80 6 kQ 1 19 kQ V gt 12V V lt 12V 4 99 kQ Figure D 5 Sample D A Converter Connections User s Manual 53 54 RabbitCore RCM2100 APPENDIX E PROGRAMMING CABLE Appendix E provides additional information for the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor when using the DIAG and PROG connectors on the programming cable The PROG connector is used only when the programming cable is attached to the programming connector header J5 while a new application is being developed Otherwise the DIAG connector on the programming cable allows the program ming cable to be used as an RS 232 to CMOS level converter for serial communication which is appropriate for monitoring or debugging an RCM2100 system while it
9. RabbitCore RCM2100 C Programmable Module with Ethernet User s Manual 019 0091 030731 F RabbitCore RCM2100 User s Manual Part Number 019 0091 030731 F Printed in U S A 2001 2003 Z World Inc All rights reserved Z World reserves the right to make changes and improvements to its products without providing notice Trademarks Rabbit and Rabbit 2000 are registered trademarks of Rabbit Semiconductor RabbitCore is a trademark of Rabbit Semiconductor Dynamic C is a registered trademark of Z World Inc Z World Inc Rabbit Semiconductor 2900 Spafford Street 2932 Spafford Street Davis California 95616 6800 Davis California 95616 6800 USA USA Telephone 530 757 3737 Telephone 530 757 8400 Fax 530 757 3792 Fax 530 757 8402 www zworld com www rabbitsemiconductor com RabbitCore RCM2100 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction 1 TT REMZ2I00 Features inperts aiia boosh ceaunev deste area 2 1 2 Advantages of the RCM2100 Series ie 3 1 3 Development and Evaluation Too0lS e 3 WA How to0 Use This Manlali scenen eine iii 4 1 4 1 Additional Product Information i 4 1 4 2 Additional Reference Information 4 1 4 3 Using Online Documentation reki oisi ka ik ie nek keek Eet 4 Chapter 2 Hardware Reference 7 2 1 RCM2100 Series Digital Inputs and Outputs 7 211 Dedircat d INPutS isere oere ER
10. csni ida 2 flash memory eee 15 flash memory addresses user blocks 15 I T O buffer sourcing and sinking Limits 33 J jumper configurations 34 35 JP1 flash memory size 35 JP2 flash memory size 35 JP3 SRAM size 35 JP4 flash memory bank se Ea 15 35 jumper locations 34 M Manuals inn 4 MEMOFY siii 15 flash memory 15 SRAM sesaria 15 memory size BIOS source files 15 MOdElS casina 2 O online documentation 4 INDEX P PCLK output 21 physical mounting 29 pin configurations 9 programming port 57 pinout Ethernet port 13 programming cable 56 programming port 56 RCM2100 oer 8 power supplies 45 chip select circuit 48 Program Mode 19 switching modes 19 programming cable 55 DIAG connector 56 PINOUT cee 56 PROG connector 19 programming port 14 pin configurations 57 PINOUT so la ee 56 used as diagnostic port 56 R Rabbit subsystems 7 TELELENCES in 4 Run Mode 19 switching modes 19 S sample circuits
11. 140 mA Operating Temperature 40 C to 70 C 40 C to 85 C Humidity 5 to 95 noncondensing Connectors Two IDC headers 2 x 20 2 mm pitch Recommended Standoffs to attach RabbitCore 2100 to user board 9 32 7 14 mm with 4 40 screw Board Size 2 00 x 3 50 x 0 85 51 mm x 89 mm x 22 mm 2 00 x 3 50 x 0 5 51 mm x 89 mm x 13 mm 28 RabbitCore RCM2100 A 1 1 Headers The RCM2100 uses headers at J1 J2 and J3 for physical connection to other boards J1 and J2 are 2 x 20 SMT headers with a 2 mm pin spacing J3 is a 2 x 4 header with a 2 mm pin spacing Figure A 3 shows the layout of another board for the RCM2100 to be plugged in to These values are relative to the header connectors Hole diameters of 0 035 inches are recommended for the user board that the RabbitCore RCM2100 will be plugged into a J2 1 125 PI jJ1 fo mp 22981 a o o a a o a a a ae 0 020 sq typ a 0 5 a a a o T 0 120 dia 0 079 KqD 0 0 870 in 8 05 Do ede a 22 10 eds 1 262 se oo 32 05 T 1 495 iu 38 00 a o o o en a o o a a a a a a a o a a o a a a a a a a Boo r N o o oa ola oo oo SI 7 J5 o o a a olo o of Y E DI 2 a gt o o 1 884 2 o 47 85 1 945 g 0 079 a lt 49 40 gt 2 0 Figure A 3 User Board Footprint for the RCM2100 A
12. 2 GND 3 CLKA PB1 Bitwise or parallel programmable input 4 VCC 5 RESET Connected to reset generator U2 6 TXA Serial Port A PC6 Output 8 STATUS Output Must be low when E oe input RCM2100 boots up Must be low when i oe pu RCM2100 boots up User s Manual 57 58 RabbitCore RCM2100 NOTICE TO USERS Z WORLD PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS UNLESS A SPECIFIC WRITTEN AGREEMENT REGARDING SUCH INTENDED USE IS ENTERED INTO BETWEEN THE CUSTOMER AND Z WORLD PRIOR TO USE Life support devices or systems are devices or systems intended for surgical implantation into the body or to sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling and user s manual can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury No complex software or hardware system is perfect Bugs are always present in a system of any size In order to prevent danger to life or property it is the responsibility of the system designer to incorporate redundant protective mechanisms appropriate to the risk involved All Z World products are 100 percent functionally tested Additional testing may include visual quality con trol inspections or mechanical defects analyzer inspections Specifications are based on characterization of tested sample units rather than testing over temperature and voltage of each unit Z World prod
13. WV 2 kQ External Battery RT1 thermistor 22 kQ Figure C 2 RCM2100 Battery Backup Circuit 46 RabbitCore RCM2100 VRAM is also available on pin 29 of header J2 to facilitate battery backup of the external circuit Note that the recommended maximum external current draw from VRAM is 100 uA and new battery life calculations should be done to take external loading into account C 1 2 Power to VRAM Switch The VRAM switch shown in Figure C 3 allows a customer supplied external battery to provide power when the external power goes off The switch provides an isolation between Vcc and the battery when Vcc goes low This prevents the Vcc line from draining the battery Q2 FDV302P Q3 MMBT3904 Figure C 3 VRAM Switch Transistor Q2 is needed to provide a very small voltage drop between Vcc and VRAM lt 100 mV typically 10 mV so that the processor lines powered by Vcc will not have a significantly different voltage than VRAM When the RCM2100 is not resetting pin 2 on U3 is high the RESET line will be high This turns on Q3 causing its collector to go low This turns on Q2 allowing VRAM to nearly equal Vcc When the RCM2100 is resetting the RESET line will go low This turns off Q2 and Q3 providing an isolation between Vcc and VRAM The battery backup circuit keeps VRAM from dropping below 2 V C 1 3 Reset Generator The RCM2100 uses a reset generator U2
14. C E1brares uii ccs aries dente ie iii iti 20 Sl 10 lilla ani lalla 21 330 1 PCEK OUtPUt eerie ieee ira 21 3 3 2 Serial Communication DIIVers iii 22 3 5 3 TCPAP DEIVErS neronen ie e eea deeds dees denise E EE tenia 22 3 4 Sample Programs issii ani ario ii 23 3 Uperading Dynamic C seekoeie entei e EE AR EEE natia siii asi 24 5 Upgrades RES II PR OI 24 User s Manual Appendix A RabbitCore RCM2100 Specifications A 1 Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics Asl l Headers si iihoialieliialaei olio iuziala A 1 2 Physical Mounting iii A 2 Bus Loading nsrraiae nen A 3 Rabbit 2000 DC Characteristics i A 4 I O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit ii A 5 Jumper Configurations eese nne aomi ip eske snes eioi A 6 Conformal Coating ii Appendix B Prototyping Board B 1 Mechanical Dimensions and Layout i B 2 POWer Supply ireren EE iti B 3 Using the Prototyping Board ceseeeeceseeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeenes B 3 1 Adding Other Components iii Appendix C Power Supply CoD Power Supplies iscsi session we cain teh Mim e aeieeiaii C 1 1 Batteries and External Battery Connections C 1 2 Power to VRAM Switch i G 1 3 Reset Genetratofisiareieratni C2 Chip Select Circuiti aaa needed esha ae Appendix D Sample Circui
15. basic pro gram of a few thousand bytes in length that provides the debugging and communication facilities that Dynamic C needs Once the BIOS has been compiled the user can compile his own program and test it If the user program stops running a new cold boot and BIOS compile can be done at any time Dynamic C does not use include files rather it has libraries that are used for the same purpose that is to supply functions and function prototypes to programs before they are compiled Dynamic C supports assembly language either as separate functions or as fragments embedded in C programs Interrupt routines may be written in Dynamic C or in assembly language User s Manual 17 3 1 1 Operating System Framework Dynamic C does not include an operating system in the usual sense of a complex software system that is resident in memory The user has complete control of what is loaded as a part of his program other than those routines that support loading and debugging which are inactive at embedded run time However certain routines are very basic and normally should always be present and active e Periodic interrupt routine This interrupt routine is driven by the Rabbit periodic inter rupt facility and when enabled creates an interrupt every 16 ticks of the 32 768 kHz oscillator or every 488 us This routine drives three long global variables that keep track of the time SEC_TIMER MS_TIMER and TICK_TIMER that respectively count
16. chip BD5 output 39 PD6 ATXA output Ethernet chip BD6 40 PD7 ARXA input Ethernet chip BD7 User s Manual 9 Table 2 RCM2100 Pinout Configurations continued Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes Serial port clock 1 PBO Input CLKB CLKA is connected to Serial port clock 2 PB1 Input programming port header CLKA f J5 pin 3 3 PB2 Input Slave port write SWR 4 PB3 Input Slave port read SRD 5 PB4 Input SAO Slave port address lines 6 PBS Input SAI 7 PB6 Output Slave port attention i PE SURE line SLAVEATTN 9 26 39 GND 10 17 BD 7 0 Input Output Rabbit 2000 data 17 output or slave port a Fu s ERI chip select SCS gt E 19 PE6 16 output Ethernet chip IOWB 20 PES I5 output or INTIB input 14 output or INTOB 21 PE4 Bitwise or parallel input programmable I O 22 PE3 13 output 23 PE2 I2 output Ethernet chip IORB 24 PEI Il output or INTIA input 25 PEO 10 output or INTOA input 27 40 VCC 28 VBAT 3 V battery input 29 VRAM 2 1 V output 100 uA maximum current draw 30 IWDO Output Watchdog output May also be used to Outputs a pulse when the output a 30 us pulse internal watchdog times out 10 RabbitCore RCM2100 Table 2 RCM2100 Pinout Configurations continued Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes 0 0 start executing at No progr
17. download from our Web sites as well Printing Electronic Manuals We recognize that many users prefer printed manuals for some uses Users can easily print all or parts of those manuals provided in electronic form The following guidelines may be helpful e Print from the Adobe PDF versions of the files not the HTML versions e Print only the sections you will need to refer to more than once e Print manuals overnight when appropriate to keep from tying up shared resources dur ing the work day e If your printer supports duplex printing print pages double sided to save paper and increase convenience e If you do not have a suitable printer or do not want to print the manual yourself most retail copy shops e g Kinkos AlphaGraphics CopyMax will print the manual from the PDF file and bind it for a reasonable charge about what we would have to charge for a printed and bound manual User s Manual 5 RabbitCore RCM2100 2 HARDWARE REFERENCE Chapter 2 describes the hardware components and principal hardware subsystems of the RabbitCore RCM2100 series Appendix A RabbitCore RCM2100 Specifications provides complete physical and electrical specifications 2 1 RCM2100 Series Digital Inputs and Outputs Figure 1 shows the subsystems designed into the RCM2100 series PAO PA7 PBO PBG PDO PD7 ne PBS PB7 PD4 PD7 PE2 PE6 4x CMOS synchrono s Port C RABBIT 2000 asynchronous i Address Lines BA
18. flash memory when debugging a program is that interrupts must be disabled for approximately 5 ms to 20 ms whenever a break point is set in the pro gram This can crash fast interrupt routines that are running while you stop at a break point or single step the program Flash memory or RAM is selected with the Dynamic C Options gt Compiler menu 18 RabbitCore RCM2100 3 2 Programming Cable The RCM2100 is automatically in program mode when the PROG connector on the pro gramming cable is attached and is automatically in run mode when no programming cable is attached The DIAG connector of the programming cable may be used on header J5 of the RCM2100 with the board operating in the run mode This allows the programming port to be used as an application port See Appendix E Programming Cable for more information Program Mode Run Mode to PC COM port RESET RabbitCore when changing mode Short out pins 36 and 39 on header J2 OR Press RESET button if using Prototyping Board OR Remove then reapply power after removing or attaching programming cable Figure 6 Switching Between Program Mode and Run Mode 3 2 1 Changing from Program Mode to Run Mode 1 Disconnect the programming cable from header J5 of the RCM2100 2 Reset the RCM2100 You may do this as explained in Figure 6 Figure 7 shows the location of the RESET button on the Proto typing Board The RCM2100 is now ready to operate in the
19. the four places where cuts should be made An exacto knife would work nicely to cut the traces Alternatively a small standard screwdriver may be carefully and forcefully used to wipe through the PCB traces Bottom Side JP1 Oog O O pe O O O OS30 0 PB3 O Cut Figure B 3 Where to Cut Traces to Permanently Disable Demonstration Hardware on Prototyping Board The power LED PWR and the RESET switch remain connected Jumpers across the appropriate pins on header JP1 can be used to reconnect specific demonstration hardware later if needed Table B 2 Prototyping Board Jumper Settings Header JP2 Pins Description 1 2 PAO to LED DS2 3 4 PA1 to LED DS3 5 6 PB2 to Switch S2 7 8 PB3 to Switch S3 Note that the pinout at location JP1 on the bottom side of the Prototyping Board shown in Figure B 3 is a mirror image of the top side pinout The Prototyping Board provides the user with RCM2100 connection points brought out con veniently to labeled points at headers J2 and J4 on the Prototyping Board Small to medium circuits can be prototyped using point to point wiring with 20 to 30 AWG wire between the 40 RabbitCore RCM2100 prototyping area and the holes at locations J2 and J4 The holes are spaced at 0 1 2 5 mm and 40 pin headers or sockets may be installed at J2 and J4 The pinouts for locations J1 and J3 which correspond to J2 and J4 are shown in Figure B 4
20. to reset the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor when the voltage drops below the voltage necessary for reliable operation The reset occurs between 4 50 V and 4 75 V typically 4 63 V The RCM2100 has a reset output pin 33 on header J2 The reset generator has a reset input pin 34 on header J2 that can be used to force the RCM2100 to reset User s Manual 47 C 2 Chip Select Circuit The RCM2100 has provision for battery backup which kicks in to keep VRAM from dropping below 2 V The current drain on the battery in a battery backed circuit must be kept to a minimum When the RCM2100 is not powered the battery keeps the SRAM memory contents and the real time clock RTC going The SRAM has a powerdown mode that greatly reduces power consumption This powerdown mode is activated by raising the chip select CS signal line Normally the SRAM requires Vcc to operate However only 2 V is required for data reten tion in powerdown mode Thus when power is removed from the circuit the battery voltage needs to be provided to both the SRAM power pin and to the CS signal line The CS control circuit accomplishes this task for the CS signal line Figure C 4 shows a schematic of the chip select circuit VRAM A R16 gt 100 kQ CSRAM ICS1 H a4 VRAM UD La 10 kQ RESET a U2 c23 R17 1 1 nF 100 kQ Figure C 4 Chip Select Circuit In a powered up con
21. www rabbitsemiconductor com documentation schemat 090 0116 pdf 090 0128 Programming Cable Schematic www rabbitsemiconductor com documentation schemat 090 0128 pdf The schematics included with the printed manual were the latest revisions available at the time the manual was last revised The online versions of the manual contain links to the latest revised schematic on the Web site You may also use the URL information provided above to access the latest schematics directly Getting Started 63
22. 0 dia 3 5 12 3 ty P F 7 A MEL 0 625 d TA 4 j ra 15 7 ii Hi CE gS Md ss do lt a 1 26 _ 68 oO ot 4 ST vy Sa t 4 4 E 4 A de O na Gi h al i Na ax TI et 4 J2 seo J1 Bs 8e 89 71 ot oe Lo Please refer to the RCM2100 D2 iga footprint diagram later in this ik I 89 appendix for precise header MUTT i 7 i locations i Se ga s 51 S of Figure A 1 RCM2100 Dimensions 26 RabbitCore RCM2100 It is recommended that you allow for an exclusion zone of 0 25 6 mm around the RCM2100 in all directions when the RCM2100 is incorporated into an assembly that includes other components This exclusion zone that you keep free of other components and boards will allow for sufficient air flow and will help to minimize any electrical or EMI interference between adjacent boards An exclusion zone of 0 12 3 mm is recom mended below the RCM2100 when the RCM2100 is plugged into another assembly using the shortest connectors for headers J1 and J2 on the RCM2100 Figure A 2 shows this exclusion zone Exclusion Zone Figure A 2 RCM2100 Exclusion Zone User s Manual 27 Table A 1 lists the electrical mechanical and environmental specifications for the RCM2100 Table A 1 RCM2100 Specifications Parameter RCM21
23. 00 RCM2110 RCM2120 RCM2130 Microprocessor Rabbit 2000 at 22 1 MHz Ethernet Port 10Base T RJ 45 2 LEDs None Flash Memory Two 256K x 8 One 256K x 8 Two 256K x 8 One 256K x 8 SRAM 512K x 8 128K x 8 512K x 8 128K x 8 Backup Battery Connection for user supplied backup battery to support RTC and SRAM General Purpose I O 34 parallel I 0 lines grouped in five 8 bit ports and shared with serial ports e 20 configurable I O e 8 fixed inputs e 6 fixed outputs 40 parallel I 0 lines grouped in five 8 bit ports and shared with serial ports e 26 configurable I O e 8 fixed inputs e 6 fixed outputs Additional Inputs 2 startup mode for master slave reset Additional Outputs Status clock watchdog reset Memory I O Interface 13 address lines 8 data lines I O read write buffer enable Serial Ports Four 5 V CMOS compatible ports Two ports are configurable as clocked ports one is a dedicated RS 232 programming port Serial Rate Maximum burst rate CLK 32 Maximum sustained rate CLK 64 Slave Interface A slave port allows the RCM2100 to be used as an intelligent peripheral device slaved to a master processor which may either be another Rabbit 2000 or any other type of processor Real Time Clock Yes Five 8 bit timers cascadable in pairs one 10 bit timer with 2 match oe registers that each have an interrupt Watchdog Supervisor Yes Power 4 75 V to 5 25 V DC
24. 000 000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000 00000000 000000000 000000000 000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 e o e 00000000 Figure B 5 VCC and GND Traces Along Edge of Prototyping Board 42 RabbitCore RCM2100 B 3 1 Adding Other Components There is room on the Prototyping Board for a user supplied RS 232 transceiver chip at location U2 and a 10 pin header for serial interfacing to external devices at location J6 A Maxim MAX232 transceiver is recommended When adding the MAX232 transceiver at position U2 you must also add 100 nF charge storage capacitors at positions C3 C6 as shown in Figure B 6 w 100 nF storage capacitors HID Figure B 6 Location for User Supplied RS 232 Transceiver and Charge Storage Capacitors There are two sets of pads that can be used for surface mount prototyping SOIC devices The silk screen layout separates the rows into six 16 pin devices three on each side However there are pads between the silk screen layouts giving the user two 52 pin 2x26 SOIC layouts with 50 mil pin spacing There are six sets of pads that can be used for 3 to 6 pin SOT23 packages There are also 60 sets of pads that can be used for SMT resistors and capacitors in an 08
25. 000 real time clock to retain data with the RCM2100 powered down VCC 27 VRAM 29 External Battery Figure C 1 External Battery Connections at Header J2 User s Manual 45 A lithium battery with a nominal voltage of 3 V and a minimum capacity of 165 mA h is recommended A lithium battery is strongly recommended because of its nearly constant nominal voltage over most of its life The drain on the battery by the RCM2100 is typically 16 uA when no other power is sup plied If a 950 mA h battery is used the battery can last more than 6 years 950 mA h TH 6 8 years The actual life in your application will depend on the current drawn by components not on the RCM2100 and the storage capacity of the battery Note that the shelf life of a lithium battery is ultimately 10 years The battery backup circuit serves three purposes e It reduces the battery voltage to the SRAM and to the real time clock thereby limiting the current consumed by the real time clock and lengthening the battery life e It ensures that current can flow only out of the battery to prevent charging the battery e A voltage VOSC is supplied to U7 which keeps the 32 768 kHz oscillator working when the voltage begins to drop VRAM and Vcc are nearly equal lt 100 mV typically 10 mV when power is supplied to the RCM2100 Figure C 2 shows the RCM2100 battery backup circuit D12 VBAT EXT gt R39
26. 05 SMT package Each component has every one of its pin pads connected to a hole in which a 30 AWG wire can be soldered standard wire wrap wire can be soldered in for point to point wiring on the Prototyping Board Because the traces are very thin carefully determine which set of holes is connected to which surface mount pad User s Manual 43 44 RabbitCore RCM2100 APPENDIX C POWER SUPPLY Appendix C provides information on the current and power sup ply requirements of the RCM2100 and some background on the chip select and battery backup circuits used in power mange ment C 1 Power Supplies The RCM2100 requires a regulated 5 V 0 25 V DC power source The RCM2100 design presumes that the voltage regulator is on the user board and that the power is made avail able to the RCM2100 board through headers J1 and J2 An RCM2100 with no loading at the outputs operating at 22 1 MHz typically draws 140 mA The RCM2100 will consume 13 mA to 15 mA of additional current when the programming cable is used to connect J5 to a PC C 1 1 Batteries and External Battery Connections The RCM2100 does not have a battery but there is provision for a customer supplied bat tery to back up SRAM and keep the internal Rabbit 2000 real time clock running Header J2 shown in Figure C 1 allows access to the external battery This header makes it possible to connect an external 3 V power supply This allows the SRAM and the inter nal Rabbit 2
27. 1 2 Physical Mounting A 9 32 7 mm standoff with a 4 40 screw is recommended to attach the RCM2100 to a user board at the hole position shown in Figure A 3 A standoff with a screw may also be used at the hole position close to the RJ 45 Ethernet connector for a second anchor or you may opt to have a nut and bolt with a wire at this hole position if you removed resistor R5 and elected to ground the RJ 45 Ethernet connector to the chassis User s Manual 29 A 2 Bus Loading You must pay careful attention to bus loading when designing an interface to the Rabbit Core RCM2100 This section provides bus loading information for external devices Table A 2 lists the capacitance for the various RCM2100 I O ports Table A 2 Capacitance of RCM2100 I O Ports Input Capacitance Output Capacitance I O Ports Typ Max Typ Max Parallel Ports A to E 6 pF 12 pF 10 pF 14 pF Data Lines BDO BD7 12 pF 18 pF 18 pF 22 pF Address Lines BA0 BA12 8 pF 12 pF Table A 3 lists the external capacitive bus loading for the various RCM2100 output ports Be sure to add the loads for the devices you are using in your custom system and verify that they do not exceed the values in Table A 3 Table A 3 External Capacitive Bus Loading 40 C to 70 C Output Port Clock Speed Maximum External p MHz Capacitive Loading pF A 12 12 0 22 1 50 D 7 0 PD 3 0 22 1 100 PA 7 0 PB 7 6 PC 6 4 2 0 2
28. 100 receives its 5 V power from the user board on which it is mounted The RCM2100 can interface with all kinds of CMOS compatible digital devices through the user board User s Manual 1 1 1 RCM2100 Features Small size 2 0 x 3 5 x 0 80 51 mm x 89 mm x 20 mm Microprocessor Rabbit 2000 running at 22 1 MHz 34 CMOS compatible parallel I O lines grouped in five 8 bit ports shared with serial ports 8 data lines BDO BD7 13 address lines BA0 BA12 1 0 read write buffer enable Status watchdog and clock outputs Two startup mode inputs for booting and master slave configuration External reset input Reset output Five 8 bit timers two 10 bit timers five timers are cascadable in pairs 2 x 256K flash memory 512K SRAM Real time clock Watchdog supervisor Provision for customer supplied backup battery via connections on header J2 Four CMOS compatible serial ports maximum asynchronous baud rate of 690 625 bps maximum synchronous baud rate of 5 52 Mbps Two ports are configurable as clocked ports Appendix A RabbitCore RCM2100 Specifications provides detailed specifications for the RabbitCore RCM2100 series Four versions of the RabbitCore RCM2100 series are available Their standard features are summarized in Table 1 Table 1 RCM2100 Series Models Model Features RCM2100 Full featured module RCM2110 RCM2100 with 128K SRAM 256K flash memory RCM2120 RCM2100 without Ethernet
29. 2 PC4 and PC6 are outputs only These pins can alternately serve as the serial data outputs for Serial Ports D C B and A 2 1 3 Memory I O Interface Thirteen of the Rabbit 2000 buffered address lines A0 A 12 and all the buffered data lines DO D7 are available as outputs I O write IOWR I 0 read IORD buffer enable BUFEN and Watchdog Output WDO are also available for interfacing to external devices The STATUS output has three different programmable functions 1 It can be driven low on the first op code fetch cycle 2 It can be driven low during an interrupt acknowledge cycle 3 It can also serve as a general purpose output The output clock is available on the PCLK pin The primary function of PCLK is as a peripheral clock or a peripheral clock 2 but PCLK can instead be used as a digital out put PCLK can also be disabled by removing R20 if there is a need to reduce radiated emissions Removing R20 will disable the PCLK output on pin 3 of header J1 Alterna tively PCLK can be disabled in software using Dynamic C version 7 03 or later 2 1 4 Additional 1 0 Two status mode pins SMODEO and SMODEI are available as inputs The logic state of these two pins determines the startup procedure after a reset RES_IN is an external input used to reset the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor and the Rabbit Core RCM2100 memory RES_OUT is an output from the reset circuitry that can be used to reset other peripheral devices
30. 2 1 90 PD 7 4 PE 7 0 All data address and I O lines with clock doubler 11 0592 100 disabled The Parallel Port D outputs PD 7 4 are available only on the RCM2120 and the RCM2130 models 30 RabbitCore RCM2100 Figure A 4 shows a typical timing diagram for the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor memory read and write cycles CLK A 19 0 cc eta D 7 0 ICSx St OEx 7 i per Memory Read no wait states k Ti l gt l setup os valid n lt Thold I I I I l I I T I I I Memory Write io extra wait states T bus loading T setup Figure A 4 Memory Read and Write Cycles adr 18 the time required for the address output to reach 0 8 V This time depends on the is the data setup time relative to the clock Tsetup is specified from 30 70 of the Vpp voltage level User s Manual 31 A 3 Rabbit 2000 DC Characteristics Table A 4 outlines the DC characteristics for the Rabbit 2000 at 5 0 V over the recom mended operating temperature range from T 40 C to 85 C Vpp 4 5 V to 5 5 V Table A 4 5 0 Volt DC Characteristics Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units Im Input Leakage High Vin Vpp gt Vpp 5 5 V 10 uA Input Leakage Low I Vin Vss Vpp 5 5 V i no pull up INT SR La HA Vin Vpp or Vss Toz Output Leakage no pull up IN pD di 10 10 uA Vit CMOS Input Low Vo
31. A has special features that allow it to cold boot the system after reset Serial Port A is also the port that is used for software development under Dynamic C The RCM2100 has a 10 pin program header labeled J5 The Rabbit 2000 startup mode pins SMODEO SMODE 1 are presented to the programming port so that an externally connected device can force the RCM2100 to start up in an external bootstrap mode The Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual provides more information related to the bootstrap mode The programming port is used to start the RCM2100 in a mode where it will download a program from the port and then execute the program The programming port transmits information to and from a PC while a program is being debugged The RCM2100 can be reset from the programming port via the RESET_IN line The Rabbit 2000 status pin is also presented to the programming port The status pin is an output that can be used to send a general digital signal The clock line for Serial Port A is presented to the programming port which makes fast serial communication possible 14 RabbitCore RCM2100 2 3 Memory 2 3 1 SRAM The RCM2100 series is designed to accept 32K to 512K of SRAM packaged in an SOIC case 2 3 2 Flash Memory The RCM2100 is also designed to accept 128K to 512K of flash memory packaged in a TSOP case NOTE Z World recommends that any customer applications should not be constrained by the sector size of the flash EPROM sin
32. I EES E EEEE EERE EE e EERE ERES AE EEEE ATES 12 2 12 Dedicated QUEP US isinisisi ee Ea RERE EEE Ee sazia fe AEE E EREDA 12 2 1 3 Memory VO Interface cirie ile aE al EE aE EE ni ai 12 ZlA Addtional 0 siasi ana i 12 2 2 Serial COMMUNICATION sissors rne e re aa acari a 13 221 Seral LO IRR E RR RARA RR III 13 2232 Ethernet POPs ccsscevenccenntennvdselevensvenesvenconscnbezevsveqedseevbadonsdespnsvebece dude cediltedetessversoncessncersrendasbuntyceanivee 13 2 2 3 Programming Portese an rea Ee R E EEE EeP aerea criticate 14 2 53 Memory tei E E E AT 15 2 30 SRAM iii Lana iaia diana cani 15 2 32 Flash MOM ORY seve sevice cid a E SER EE E acri 15 2 3 3 Dynamic C BIOS Source Files iene eee eee eee 15 2 4 Other HardWare Aa csveneduted vote sandensedsthcnedeessinabedccocevsrbagessdeesbadcsteenshdecocegndadesveceasbisesvatasbacke 16 DAA Clock Doblete ornen e K E EE E E EEE ERE TE EEEE rE E EESE 16 2 4 2 Spectr m SpreddeT isisisi siessen rara EEE an aE EEI E ETE OAE AREE EEE E EE EEEE ia 16 Chapter 3 Software Reference 17 3 1 Mot About Dynamic C recese iano E E E ES 17 3 1 1 Operating System Framework 18 3 1 2 Using Dynamic Cicala lara 18 3 2 Programming Cable eeii nieee eee aeaee Eis eaP ES ia aee Ea in N ESE in ASS sinoi rin ETAri 19 3 2 1 Changing from Program Mode to Run Mode i 19 3 2 2 Changing from Run Mode to Program Mode i 19 3 3 Dynamic
33. O BA12 IORD Real Time Clock I O Control ELA Watchdog 7 Timers Slave Port Clock Doubler Programming Port Data Lines BDO BD7 Backup Battery Support Figure 1 Rabbit Subsystems User s Manual 7 The RCM2100 has 40 parallel I O lines grouped in five 8 bit ports available on headers J1 and J2 The 24 bidirectional I O lines are located on pins PA0 PA7 PDO PD7 and PEO PE7 The pinouts for headers J1 and J2 are shown in Figure 2 J1 J2 VCC m co GND PBO PB1 CLKA PCLK o PA7 PB2 0 PB3 PAG PAS PB4 o o PB5 PA4 o o PA3 PB6 0 PB7 PA2 o o PA GND o BD7 PAO o o BA12 BD6 BD5 BA11 o o BA10 BD4 BD3 BA9 o BA8 BD2 BD1 BA7 o BAG BDO 0 PE7 BA5 o BA4 PE6 PES BA3 BA2 PE4 PE3 BA1 o BAO PE2 0 PE1 PCO o PC1 PEO 5 GND PC2 0 PC3 VCC 2 VBAT PC4 0 0 PC5 VRAM WDO PC6 TXA PC7 RXA SMODE1 SMODEO PDO 0 PD1 IRESET RES_IN PD2 2 PD3 STATUS BIOWR PD4 2 PDS BIORD BBUFEN PD6 2 PD7 GND vcc Note These pinouts are as seen on the Bottom Side of the module Figure 2 RCM2100 I O Pinouts The ports on the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor used in the RCM2100 series are config urable and so the factory defaults can be reconfigured Table 2 lists the Rabbit 2000 fac tory defaults and the alternate configurations As shown in T
34. RCM2130 RCM2110 without Ethernet RabbitCore RCM2100 1 2 Advantages of the RCM2100 Series Fast time to market using a fully engineered ready to run microprocessor core Competitive pricing when compared with the alternative of purchasing and assembling individual components Easy C language program development and debugging including rapid production loading of programs Generous memory size allows large programs with tens of thousands of lines of code and substantial data storage Integrated Ethernet port on selected models for network connectivity royalty free TCP IP software Models with and without Ethernet for flexible production options Small size and identical footprint and pinout for all models 1 3 Development and Evaluation Tools A complete Development Kit including a Prototyping Board accessory components and Dynamic C development software is available to accompany the RCM2100 module The Development Kit puts together the essentials you need to design an embedded micropro cessor based system rapidly and efficiently See the RabbitCore RCM2100 Getting Started Manual for complete information on the Development Kit User s Manual 1 4 How to Use This Manual This user s manual is intended to give users detailed information on the RCM2100 series modules It does not contain detailed information on the Dynamic C development environ ment or the TCP IP software support for the int
35. Run Mode 3 2 2 Changing from Run Mode to Figure 7 Location of Prototyping Board Program Mode Reset Button 1 Attach the programming cable to header J5 on the RCM2100 2 Reset the RCM2100 You may do this as explained in Figure 6 Figure 7 shows the loca tion of the RESET button on the Prototyping Board The RCM2100 is now ready to operate in the Program Mode User s Manual 19 3 3 Dynamic C Libraries With Dynamic C running click File gt Open and select Lib The following list of Dynamic C libraries will be displayed Open Resesessessesenei FileSystem Icom Tcpip Ucos2 a COFUNC lib Fiename T Files of type Source Files c lib Cancel COSTATE lib E FFT lib E MATH lib E PROGRAM lib a RS232 lib E RTCLOCK lib 3 SLICE lib STDIO lib E STRING lib E SYS lib E VDRIVER lib x XMEM Llib There is no unique library that is specific to the RCM2100 The functions in the above libraries are described in the Dynamic C User s Manual 20 RabbitCore RCM2100 3 3 1 I O The RCM2100 was designed to interface with other systems and so there are no drivers written specifically for the I O The general Dynamic C read and write functions allow you to customize the parallel I O to meet your specific needs For example use WrPortI PEDDR amp PEDDRShadow 0x00 to set all the port E bits as inputs or use WrPortI PEDDR amp PEDDRShadow OxFF
36. T line and the SMODEI and SMODEO pins are not connected to this connector The programming port is then enabled as a diagnostic port by polling the port periodically to see if communication needs to begin or to enable the port and wait for interrupts The pull up resistors on RXA and CLKA prevent spurious data reception that might take place if the pins floated If the clocked serial mode is used the serial port can be driven by having two toggling lines that can be driven and one line that can be sensed This allows a conversation with a device that does not have an asynchronous serial port but that has two output signal lines and one input signal line The TXA line also called PC6 is low after reset if the cold boot mode is not enabled A possible way to detect the presence of a cable on the programming port is to connect TXA to one of the SMODE pins and then test for the connection by raising PC6 by configuring 56 RabbitCore RCM2100 it as a general output bit and reading the SMODE pin after the cold boot mode has been disabled Once you establish that the programming port will never again be needed for program ming it is possible to use the programming port for additional I O lines Table E 1 lists the pins available for this alternate configuration Table E 1 RCM2100 Programming Port Pinout Configurations Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes 1 RXA Serial Port A PC7 Input
37. able 2 pins PA0 PA7 can be used to allow the Rabbit 2000 to be a slave to another processor PEO PEI PE4 and PES can be used as external interrupts INTOA INT1A INTOB and INT1B Pins PBO and PBI can be used to access the clock on Serial Port B and Serial Port A of the Rabbit microprocessor Pins PD4 and PD6 can be pro grammed to be optional serial outputs for Serial Ports B and A PDS and PD7 can be used as alternate serial inputs by Serial Ports B and A The Ethernet enabled versions of the RCM2100 do not have 0 Q resistors jumpers installed at R21 R24 and R35 R38 which allows PE6 PE2 and PD4 PD7 to connect to the RealTek Ethernet chip that is stuffed on those versions 8 RabbitCore RCM2100 Table 2 RCM2100 Pinout Configurations Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes 1 VCC 2 GND 3 PCLK Output Internal Clock Output Turned off in software Slave port data bus 4 11 PA 7 0 Parallel I O SD0_ SD7 Buffered Rabbit 2000 12 24 BA 12 0 Output address bus 23 PCO Output TXD 26 PCI Input RXD 27 PC2 Output TXC 28 PC3 Input RXC n H E 29 PC4 Output TXB T 30 PC5 Input RXB 31 PC6 Output TXA Connected to programming port 32 PC7 Input RXA 16 mA sourcing and sinking 33 36 PD 0 3 current at full AC switching speed 37 PD4 Bitwise or parallel ATXB output Ethernet chip RSTDRV programmable I O can be 38 PDS driven or open drain ARXB input Ethernet
38. amming cable address zero attached SMODEI SMODEO 1 SMODEI 31 32 sMODEO 1 0 1 cold boot from cus o an slave port With programming cable asynchronous serial por 1 0 cold boot from attached A at 2400 bps a i clocked serial port A 5 programming cable D connected g PL 33 RESET Reset output 34 RES_IN Reset input 35 STATUS Output Status Output 36 BIOWR Output I O buffer write strobe 37 BIORD Output I O buffered strobe 38 BUFEN Output I O buffer enable User s Manual 11 2 1 1 Dedicated Inputs PBO and PBI are designated as inputs because the Rabbit 2000 is operating in an asyn chronous mode Four of the input only pins are located on PB2 PBS These pins are used for the slave port PB2 and PB3 are slave write and slave read strobes while PB4 and PB5 serve as slave address lines SAO and SAI and are used to access the slave registers SDO SD7 which is the alternate assignment for parallel port A When Port C is used as a paral lel port PC1 PC3 PCS and PC7 are inputs only These pins can alternately be selectively enabled to serve as the serial data inputs for Serial Ports D C B and A 2 1 2 Dedicated Outputs Two of the output only pins are located on PB6 PB7 PB7 can also be used with the slave port as the SLAVEATTN output This configuration signifies that the slave is requesting attention from the master When Port C is used as a parallel port PCO PC
39. anual 49 D 1 RS 232 RS 485 Serial Communication Sample Program PUTS C in SAMPLES SERIAL TXB TXC RabbitCore RCM2100 100 nF J1 100 nF 7 o o PC4 o n A PC2 ooo BI PC5 a 128 PC3 RabbitCore RCM2100 Jil 25 33 SP483EN RXB RXC Figure D 1 Sample RS 232 and RS 485 Circuits 50 RabbitCore RCM2100 D 2 Keypad and LCD Connections RabbitCore RCM2100 J2 1 Cee ee NIN Ce D epee O eh ula ER J1 E Ee E O ib oh 10 kQ resistors PBO PB2 PB3 PB4 o a a wo gt PBS 26 PC1 34 PD1 35 PD2 Figure D 2 Sample Keypad Connections Sample Program KEYLCD2 C in SAMPLES RCM2100 RabbitCore RCM2100 J1 goa oO oO OF da ad Gl B E AES DS RE OR Cl a PA1 VLC 20 ka V 10kQ VV 4 7kQ 2 2 kQ 1kQ VV 4700 6800 PA2 PA3 PA4 PAS PAG A jo O IN Jo lo PAT 2x20 LCD Figure D 3 Sample LCD Connections Sample Program KEYLCD2 C in SAMPLES RCM2100 User s Manual 51 D 3 External Memory The sample circuit can be used with an external 64K memory device Larger SRAMs can be written to using this scheme by using other available Rabbit 2000 ports parallel ports A to E as address lines RabbitCore RCM2100
40. ce it may be necessary to change the sector size in the future Writing to arbitrary flash memory addresses at run time is also discouraged Instead define a user block area to store persistent data The functions writeUserBlock and readUserBlock are provided for this A Flash Memory Bank Select jumper configuration option based on 0 Q surface mounted resistors exists at header JP4 This option used in conjunction with some configuration macros allows Dynamic C to compile two different co resident programs for the upper and lower halves of the 512K flash in such a way that both programs start at logical address 0000 This is useful for applications that require a resident download manager and a separate downloaded program See Technical Note 218 Implementing a Serial Download Manager for a 256K Flash for details NOTE Only the Normal Mode pins 1 2 connected at JP4 which corresponds to using the full code space is supported at the present time 2 3 3 Dynamic C BIOS Source Files The Dynamic C BIOS source files handle different SRAM and flash EPROM sizes auto matically User s Manual 15 2 4 Other Hardware 2 4 1 Clock Doubler The RCM2100 takes advantage of the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor s internal clock dou bler A built in clock doubler allows half frequency crystals to be used to reduce radiated emissions The 22 1 MHz frequency is generated using an 11 05 MHz crystal The clock doubler is disabled automatically
41. dition the CS control circuit must allow the processor s chip select sig nal CS1 to control the SRAM s CS signal CSRAM So with power applied CSRAM must be the same signal as CS1 and with power removed CSRAM must be held high but only needs to be as high as the battery voltage Q4 and Q5 are MOSFET transistors with opposing polarity They are both turned on when power is applied to the circuit They allow the CS signal to pass from the processor to the SRAM so that the processor can periodically access the SRAM When power is removed from the circuit the transistors will turn off and isolate CSRAM from the processor The isolated CSRAM line has a 100 kQ pullup resistor to VRAM R16 This pullup resistor keeps CSRAM at the VRAM voltage level which under no power condition is the backup battery s regulated voltage at a little more than 2 V Transistors Q4 and Q5 are of opposite polarity so that a rail to rail voltages can be passed When the CS1 voltage is low Q4 will conduct When the CS1 voltage is high Q5 will conduct It takes time for the transistors to turn on creating a propagation delay This delay is typically very small about 10 ns to 15 ns 48 RabbitCore RCM2100 APPENDIX D SAMPLE CIRCUITS This appendix details several basic sample circuits that can be used with the RCM2100 series modules RS 232 RS 485 Serial Communication Keypad and LCD Connections External Memory D A Converter User s M
42. e manuals is a useful convenience However printed manuals are expensive to print stock and ship Rather than include and charge for manuals that every user may not want or pro vide only product specific manuals we choose to provide our complete documentation and reference library in electronic form with every Development Kit and with our Dynamic C development environment NOTE The most current version of Adobe Acrobat Reader can always be downloaded from Adobe s web site at http www adobe com We recommend that you use ver sion 4 0 or later 4 RabbitCore RCM2100 Providing this documentation in electronic form saves an enormous amount of paper by not printing copies of manuals that users don t need It reduces the number of outdated manuals we have to discard from stock as well and it makes providing a complete library of manuals an almost cost free option For one time or infrequent reference electronic documents are more convenient than printed ones after all they aren t taking up shelf or desk space Finding Online Documents The online documentation is installed along with Dynamic C and an icon for the docu mentation menu is placed on the workstation s desktop Double click this icon to reach the menu If the icon is missing use your browser to find and load default htm in the docs folder found in the Dynamic C installation folder The latest versions of all documents are always available for free unregistered
43. e Dow Corning silicone based 1 2620 conformal coating applied The conformally coated area is shown in Figure A 6 The con formal coating protects these high impedance circuits from the effects of moisture and contaminants over time Figure A 6 RCM2100 Areas Receiving Conformal Coating Any components in the conformally coated area may be replaced using standard soldering procedures for surface mounted components A new conformal coating should then be applied to offer continuing protection against the effects of moisture and contaminants NOTE For more information on conformal coatings refer to Rabbit Semiconductor Technical Note 303 Conformal Coatings 36 RabbitCore RCM2100 APPENDIX B PROTOTYPING BOARD Appendix B describes the features and accessories of the Proto typing Board and explains the use of the Prototyping Board to demonstrate the RCM2100 and to build prototypes of your own circuits User s Manual 37 B 1 Mechanical Dimensions and Layout Figure B 1 shows the mechanical dimensions and layout for the RCM2100 Prototyping Board RERREE RE Sct tc thie Seis acaeh ans Si tititiina amp nari CRIARI this ih so pa OCE III CARRI CARRA PAR RO sa dae ca pg Fauna i dA 4 25 108 TELE a a ERE 5 25 133 Figure B 1 RCM2100 Prototyping Board Dimensions Table B 1 lists the electrical mechanical and environmental specifications for the Proto
44. egrated Ethernet port Most users will want more detailed information on some or all of these topics in order to put the RCM2100 module to effective use 1 4 1 Additional Product Information Introductory information about the RabbitCore RCM2100 series and its associated Devel opment Kit and Prototyping Board will be found in the printed RabbitCore RCM2100 Getting Started Manual which is also provided on the accompanying CD ROM in both HTML and Adobe PDF format We recommend that any users unfamiliar with Z World products or those who will be using the Prototyping Board for initial evaluation and development begin with at least a read through of the Getting Started manual 1 4 2 Additional Reference Information In addition to the product specific information contained in the RabbitCore RCM2100 Series Getting Started and User s Manual several higher level reference manuals are pro vided in HTML and PDF form on the accompanying CD ROM Advanced users will find these references valuable in developing systems based on the RCM2100 series modules e Dynamic C User s Manual e An Introduction to TCP IP e Dynamic C TCP IP User s Manual e Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual 1 4 3 Using Online Documentation We provide the bulk of our user and reference documentation in two electronic formats HTML and Adobe PDF We do this for several reasons We believe that providing all users with our complete library of product and referenc
45. g and nonblocking functions which must be called repeatedly until they are finished For more information see the Dynamic C User s Manual and Technical Note 213 Rabbit 2000 Serial Port Software 3 3 3 TCP IP Drivers The TCP IP drivers are located in the TCPIP directory Open FTP_SERVER LIB PKTDRV lib E BOOTP ib HTTP lib E POP3 lib E BSDNAME lib ICMP lib E REALTEK lib DCRTCP lib amp IP lib E SMIP ib 5 DNS lib E MDS lib El TCP lib E FTP_CLIENT LIB NET lib E UDP lib Filename Files of type Source Files c lib Cancel Complete information on these libraries and the TCP IP functions is provided in the Dynamic C TCP IP User s Manual 22 RabbitCore RCM2100 3 4 Sample Programs Sample programs are provided in the Dynamic C Samples folder which is shown below Open Cofunc C Serial FP_BENCHMARK C CoreModule DI Slice J Led_demo c Costate E Sysclock z Pong c Fft C Timerb a Seeparam c Intrupts A Vdriver Rtclock A Xmem Fie name T Files of type Source Files c lib Cancel The various folders contain specific sample programs that illustrate the use of the corre sponding Dynamic C libraries For example the sample program PONG C demonstrates the output to the Dynamic C STDIO window Two folders contain sample programs that illustrate features unique to the RabbitCore RCM2100 e RCM2100 Demonst
46. ges to the BIOS or libraries in the new directory containing the patch Do not simply copy over an entire file since you may overwrite a bug fix of course you may copy over any programs you have written Once you are sure the new patch works entirely to your satisfaction you may retire the existing installation but keep it available to handle legacy applications 3 5 1 Upgrades Dynamic C installations are designed for use with the board they are included with and are included at no charge as part of our low cost kits Dynamic C is a complete software development system but does not include all the Dynamic C features Z World also offers add on Dynamic C modules containing the popular uC OS II real time operating system as well as PPP Advanced Encryption Standard AES and other select libraries In addi tion to the Web based technical support included at no extra charge a one year telephone based technical support module is also available for purchase 24 RabbitCore RCM2100 APPENDIX A RABBITCORE RCM2100 SPECIFICATIONS Appendix A provides the specifications for the RCM2100 and describes the conformal coating User s Manual 25 A 1 Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics Figure A 1 shows the mechanical dimensions for the RCM2100 hg 3 50 x 89 lt 2 10 53 0 14 e p 20 475 0 12
47. in the BIOS for crystals with a frequency above 12 9 MHz The clock doubler may be disabled if 22 1 MHz clock speeds are not required Disabling the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor s internal clock will reduce power consumption and fur ther reduce radiated emissions The clock doubler is disabled with a simple change to the BIOS as described below 1 Open the BIOS source code file RABBITBIOS C in the BIOS directory 2 Change the line define CLOCK_DOUBLED 1 set to 1 to double the clock if XTAL lt 12 9MHz to read as follows define CLOCK_DOUBLED 0 set to 1 to double the clock if XTAL lt 12 9MHz 3 Change the serial baud rate to 57 600 bps when the RabbitCore RCM2100 series is operated at 11 05 MHz 4 Save the change using File gt Save 2 4 2 Spectrum Spreader RCM2100 RabbitCore modules that have a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor labeled IQ4T or higher are equipped with a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor that has a spectrum spreader which helps to mitigate EMI problems By default the spectrum spreader is on automati cally for RCM2100 modules that carry the IQ4T or higher marking when used with Dynamic C 7 30 or later versions but the spectrum spreader may also be turned off or set to a stronger setting The means for doing so is through a simple change to the following BIOS line in a way that is similar to the clock doubler described above define ENABLE_SPREADER 1 Set to 0 to disable spectrum spreader 1 to enable nor
48. is running User s Manual 55 The programming port which is shown in Figure E 1 can serve as a convenient communica tions port for field setup or other occasional communication need for example as a diag nostic port If the port is simply to perform a setup function that is write setup information to flash memory then the controller can be reset through the programming port and a cold boot performed to start execution of a special program dedicated to this functionality PROGRAMMING PORT PIN ASSIGNMENTS Rabbit PQFP pins are shown in parenthesis E 1 RXA 51 ANA 3 0 4 2 GND a io op 3 CKLKA 94 NNN 4 5 V 3 V ee w UL 5 RESET ANN 9 10 6 TXA 54 7 n c Programming Port 8 STATUS output 38 soko Pin Numbers 9 SMODEO 36 aa GND 10 SMODE1 35 NN GND Figure E 1 Programming Port Pin Assignments When the PROG connector is used the RESET line can be asserted by manipulating DTR and the STATUS line can be read as DSR on the serial port The target can be restarted by pulsing reset and then after a short delay sending a special character string at 2400 bps To simply restart the BIOS the string 80h 24h 80h can be sent When the BIOS is started it can tell whether the programming cable is connected because the SMODE and SMODEO pins are sensed as being high Alternatively the DIAG connector can be used to connect the programming port The RESE
49. ltage 0 3 x Vpp V Vin CMOS Input High Voltage 0 7 x Vpp Vv Vr CMOS Switching Threshold Vpp 5 0 V 25 C 24 y Ior See Table A 5 VoL CMOS Output Low Voltage sinking 0 2 0 4 V IoH See Table A 5 Vou CMOS Output High Voltage sourcing 0 7x Vpp 4 2 V 32 RabbitCore RCM2100 A 4 I O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit Unless otherwise specified the Rabbit I O buffers are capable of sourcing and sinking 8 mA of cur rent per pin at full AC switching speed Full AC switching assumes a 22 1 MHz CPU clock and capacitive loading on address and data lines of less than 100 pF per pin Pins A0 A12 and DO D7 are each rated at 8 mA The absolute maximum operating voltage on all I O is Vpp 0 5 V or 5 5 V Table A 5 shows the AC and DC output drive limits of the parallel I O buffers when the Rabbit 2000 is used in the RCM2100 Table A 5 I O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Capability Output Drive Pin Name Sourcing Sinkingt Limits mA umt N Full AC Switching b0 DC Output utpu or ame P SRC SNK ene SRC SNK PA 7 0 8 8 12 12 PB 7 1 0 8 8 12 12 PC 6 4 2 0 8 8 12 12 PD 7 4 8 8 12 12 PD 3 0 16 16 25 25 PE 7 0 8 8 12 12 The maximum DC sourcing current for I O buffers between Vpp pins is 112 mA f The maximum DC sinking current for I O buffers between Vss pins is 150 mA The maximum DC output drive on I O buffers must be adjusted to take into consideration the curre
50. mal spreading or 2 to enable strong spreading NOTE The strong spectrum spreading setting is usually not necessary for the RCM2100 There is no spectrum spreader functionality for RCM2100 RabbitCore modules that have a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor labeled IQIT IQ2T or IQ3T or when using any RCM2100 with a version of Dynamic C prior to 7 30 16 RabbitCore RCM2100 3 SOFTWARE REFERENCE Dynamic C is an integrated development system for writing embedded software It runs on an IBM compatible PC and is designed for use with Z World controllers and other controllers based on the Rabbit microprocessor Chapter 3 provides the libraries function calls and sample programs related to the RCM2100 3 1 More About Dynamic C Dynamic C has been in use worldwide since 1989 It is specially designed for program ming embedded systems and features quick compile and interactive debugging in the real environment A complete reference guide to Dynamic C is contained in the Dynamic C User s Manual Dynamic C for Rabbit 2000 processors uses the standard Rabbit programming interface This is a 10 pin connector that connects to the Rabbit 2000 serial port A It is possible to reset and cold boot a Rabbit processor via the programming port No software needs to be present in the target system More details are available in the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual Dynamic C cold boots the target system and compiles the BIOS The BIOS is a
51. nt demands made my AC switch ing outputs capacitive loading on switching outputs and switching voltage The current drawn by all switching and nonswitching I O must not exceed the limits specified in the first two footnotes The combined sourcing from Port D 7 0 may need to be adjusted so as not to exceed the 112 mA sourcing limit requirement speci fied in the first footnote User s Manual 33 A 5 Jumper Configurations Figure A 5 shows the header locations used to configure the various RCM2100 options via jumpers Top Side Bottom Side Figure A 5 Location of RCM2100 Configurable Positions 34 RabbitCore RCM2100 Table A 6 lists the configuration options Table A 6 RCM2100 Jumper Configurations Header Description Pins Connected Faclory Default 1 2 128K 256K x JP1 Flash Memory Size U10 2 3 512K Flash Memory Size U11 1 2 128K 256K RCM2100 JP2 not installed on RCM2120 RCM2110 RCM2130 2 3 512K n c 32K RCM2110 1 2 128K JP3 SRAM Size RCM2130 RCM21 2 3 512K C e RCM2120 1 2 Normal Mode x JP4 Flash Memory Bank Select U10 2 3 Bank Mode NOTE The jumper connections are made using 0 Q surface mounted resistors User s Manual A 6 Conformal Coating The areas around the crystal oscillator has had th
52. rates the basic operation and the Ethernet functionality of the Rab bitCore RCM2100 e TCPIP Demonstrates more advanced TCP IP programming for Z World s Ethernet enabled Rabbit based boards Follow the instructions included with the sample program to connect the RabbitCore RCM2100 and the other hardware identified in the instructions To run a sample program open it with the File menu if it is not still open compile it using the Compile menu and then run it by selecting Run in the Run menu The RCM2100 must be in Program Mode see Section 3 2 Programming Cable and must be connected to a PC using the programming cable More complete information on Dynamic C is provided in the Dynamic C User s Manual User s Manual 23 3 5 Upgrading Dynamic C Dynamic C patches that focus on bug fixes are available from time to time Check the Web sites e www zworld com support supportcenter html or e www rabbitsemiconductor com support html for the latest patches workarounds and bug fixes The default installation of a patch or bug fix is to install the file in a directory folder dif ferent from that of the original Dynamic C installation Z World recommends using a dif ferent directory so that you can verify the operation of the patch without overwriting the existing Dynamic C installation If you have made any changes to the BIOS or to libraries or if you have programs in the old directory folder make these same chan
53. seconds milliseconds and 488 us ticks These variables are needed by some functions that measure time The SEC_TIMER is set to seconds elapsed since 1 Jan 1980 and thus also keeps track of the time and date The periodic interrupt routine must be disabled when the microprocessor enters sleepy mode and the processor clock is operating at 32 768 kHz The interrupt routine cannot complete at this slow speed before the next tick of the periodic interrupt In this situation the hardware real time clock can be read directly to provide the time e The periodic interrupt function also hits the hardware watchdog timer Software or vir tual watchdog timers are available in Dynamic C See the Dynamic C User s Manual for more information 3 1 2 Using Dynamic C You have a choice of doing your software development in the flash memory or in the static RAM There are 512K or 256K bytes of flash memory and 512K or 128K bytes of SRAM The advantage of working in RAM is to save wear on the flash which is limited to about 100 000 writes NOTE Note that an application can be developed in RAM but cannot run standalone from RAM after the programming cable is disconnected All applications can only run from flash memory NOTE Do not depend on the flash memory sector size or type Due to the volatility of the flash memory market the RCM2100 and Dynamic C were designed to accommo date flash devices with various sector sizes The disadvantage of using
54. ts D 1 RS 232 RS 485 Serial Communication i D 2 Keypad and LCD ConnectionS ii D 3 External Memory rail aaa D4 DIA Converter tir IA PRE e ea ENTRARE RR Appendix E Programming Cable Notice to Users Index Schematics 25 RR EEE 26 ini ila fila 29 ROSEE vests 30 IAA eil 32 tease Oe SAAS aie ai te 33 ERMETE NERE RESET RENE E EE 34 Ran ioni ai 36 59 61 63 RabbitCore RCM2100 1 INTRODUCTION The RabbitCore RCM2100 series is a family of microprocessor modules designed to be the heart of embedded control systems In addition to the array of I O and addressing available on other Z World products the RCM2100 series offers an optional inte grated Ethernet port These modules permit LAN and Internet enabled systems to be built as easily as serial communications only systems The RCM2100 is a microprocessor core module designed to be the heart of your own con troller built around the plug in module Data processing is done by a Rabbit 2000 micro processor operating at 22 MHz The RCM2100 has a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor a static RAM up to two flash memory chips two quartz crystals main oscillator and timekeeping and the circuitry necessary for reset and management of battery backup of the Rabbit 2000 s internal real time clock and the static RAM Two 40 pin headers bring out the Rabbit 2000 I O bus address lines data lines parallel ports and serial ports The RCM2
55. ucts may qualify components to operate within a range of parameters that is different from the manufacturer s recom mended range This strategy is believed to be more economical and effective Additional testing or burn in of an individual unit is available by special arrangement User s Manual 59 60 RabbitCore RCM2100 A additional information 4 B backup battery circuit 45 external battery connec UONS ssi 45 battery life 46 battery backup circuit reset generator 47 VRAM switch 47 bus loading 30 Cc clock doubler 16 conformal coating 36 D Development Kit 3 digital VO we in 7 T O buffer sourcing and sink ing limits oe 33 memory interface 12 SMODEO 12 SMODEL1 n 12 digital inputs eee 12 digital outputs 12 Dynamic C i 17 add on modules 24 compile in flash memory or RAM option 18 libraries in 20 operating system framework 18 telephone based technical SUpport ii 24 upgrades and patches 24 Uscire 18 E EMI spectrum spreader feature 16 Ethernet port 13 handling EMI and noise 13 PINOUT n 13 exclusion zone 27 F features
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