Sola-Hazard Manual
Contents
1. SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 4 5 Collecting Data or Scanning the Sensor Now that the Sola Hazard is ready to use you can prepare to collect the first sample from your UV source For this first scan we will use the default sample time as shown on the INFO screen see figure 13 To scan the Sensor press Sample key ESC MODE OK co ao co Sola Hazard Figure 14 Keypad As the Sensor is collecting the UV the Sola Hazard will display the sample time remaining The previous data will be displayed until scanning is complete The key can be pressed in both the main menu and the graph menu SMART SCAN Ye inin time 250 to 320 nm Effective 0 15000 W m 4 2 of total Energetic 320 to 400 nm Effective 0 00050 W m UV1 Fail UV3 Fail UV2 Fail UV4 Pass Print Send Info Clock Figure 15 Scanning Sensor If the scope has been reset or never been used the values displayed will all be zero When the Sensor has finished the graph screen will take a second or two 14 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatellle SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc to update If the photo diodes have saturated you need to decr2. 1 116 with batteries Sealing To IP22 Construction ABS with yellow polyurethane finish Temperature range 5 to 40 C operating Humidity 0 to 90 non condensing 14 2 2 Electrical Processor Siemens 80C517A running at 8MHz Power source Internal 4 8Vd c supplied by 4xAA cells Power management 5 0V regulated supply internally generated for processor and to supply Sensor 14 2 3 User interface Keypad 6 push button tactile switches non membrane panel Display 192 x 192 pixel matrix liquid crystal display graphical display panel 14 2 4 Interface connector Type 9 way female D type Serial compatibility Compatible with RS232 connections to a IBM PC 9 pin serial RS232 port direct pin to pin cable connection b to serial printer using gender changer Printers supported always use Solatell optional printer Baud rate 9600 Serial Signals RXD TXD OV DTR DSR ESD protection to 15kV on all RS232 signals 29 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 14 3 A Note on Batteries 14 3 1 Non Rechargeable cells The Sola Hazard instrument has been designed to work over a wide battery voltage range from other 6V d c down to almost 4V d c We recommend the use of Alkaline cells of AA size for long life and most reliable operation New Alkaline cell
3. UV SPECTRAL MEASUREMENT TUNING THE SCAN n 6 1 Select the Sample TWINS csc acieeaecslec estes astecateavetiauvateunaateasesess 18 STORING THE RESULT 00 0 eceesssseseesceeceeeseesceeceecsesseeceessesseeeseesaeeaeeeeeeeeeaees 20 ANALYSING THE UV DATA IN GRAPH MODE he 8 1 TFACING GIONG the OFOPN asec eheisen cesses eee Ueto ee 21 8 2 ZOOMING iN TO NAVE A ClOSEH OOK essessesessssesseesssencensonessensonssesesenses 21 8 3 Calculated Power or Area Under the Graph eeeesesceeteeseeeeeeesees 21 UNDERSTANDING A UV SPECTRUM neeesser 7 9 1 Sample Time Smart Scan and Saturation Explained sses 22 CONNECTING THE SOLA HAZARD TO A PC VIA SOLATERM 1 24 CONNECTING SOLA HAZARD TO SOLATELL PRINTER 0 ae 25 TROUBLE SHOOTING cesesssececescecceeccescesceeseeeeesceesees 1 26 QUICK REFERENCE SPECIFICATION if 14 1 SONS OM E E E E S T E des 28 14 2 Sola Hazard eee aay 14 3 A NOTE OM BARST ES senenn enesis 30 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 1 OVERVIEW Congratulations You are now the proud owner of one of the most sophisticated easy to use and portable instruments for measuring Ultra Violet UV radiation available anywhere in the world To allow you to get the most out of your portable UV
4. spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel to analyse the data The steps are Run Sola Term from the Icon in Windows the first time you use Sola term you must install Sola Term from the disc provided To do this simply run Setup Attach the RS232 cable between your Sola Hazard and PC Now press the start icon on Sola Term Turn on Sola Hazard and using menu select Send to upload all the stored data The data must now be filed and Sola Term prompts you for a file name Run your spreadsheet program and import your captured TXT file Select tab delimitor file You can now use your spreadsheet as normal plotting graphs etc as required 24 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 11 CONNECTING SOLA HAZARD TO SOLATELL PRINTER optional extra The optional printer supplied with the Solahazard is a 40 column dot matrix impact type which allows printing of characters and graphics The printer is supplied with it s own power supply unit and power adaptor The serial interface 25 way socket has been fitted with a gender changer to enable the printer to be connected to the Solahazard computer cable using the 9 25 way adapter the latter items are supplied as standard with the Solahazard A range of supplies for the printer paper and ribbon cartridge are avai
5. 1 Sample Time Smart Scan and Saturation Explained The Sola Hazard is capable of making measurements of UV radiation over a wide range of wavelengths and intensities with a very high dynamic range However it is helpful to have some knowledge of the content of the UV of your source though this may come from several attempts at achieving the best measurement The Sola Hazard measures the intensity of light by collecting the light for a set period of time called the sample time Varying the sample time gives the Sensor a huge dynamic range because it can measure a very bright light with a 10mS sample time or a light 20 000 times dimmer with a 200s sample time A problem can arise when different sample times are required for different parts of the spectrum when for instance a lamp outputs small amounts of UVB in the presence of large amounts of UVA What is needed are different sample times for different parts of the spectrum then the ability to patch scans of different sample times together 22 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc Smart Scans solves this problem by patching the scans of different sample times together at an early stage in the Sensor vastly increasing the range viewable in a single scan With Smart Scans the Sensor does a scan
6. Bandwidth Sensitivity Integration time Dynamic range Stray light rejection 14 1 2 Construction Mechanical Dimensions Weight Temperature range Humidity 14 1 3 Power requirement Data comms Electrical Processor A to D conversion Temperature sense c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 Single grating spectrograph optimised for Ultra Violet spectroradiometry using patented Solatell monolithic optics with 512 pixel UV enhanced detector array Cosine response approximating diffuser 250 to 400nm 0 5nm Inm 0 5 0 lt 1 uW cm2 nm 1S to 200Sec gt 105 with variable integration time gt 108 Aluminum die cast housing with epoxy powder coating Lid affixed by 4 Stainless Steel screws 115 x 65 x 30mm 4 5 x 2 6 x 1 20 inches 360g 0 8lbs 15 to 35 C Full spec 0 to 50 C Operating 10 to 70 C Storage 0 to 90 non condensing 5V d c 5 35mA supplied by Sola Hazard RS485 serial asynchronous data at 250kBaud to Sola Hazard via proprietary SolaTalk protocol 2 wire half duplex Siemens 80CS517A running at 16MHz 10 bit 7uS conversion and store per pixel Linear semiconductor accurate to 2 C 28 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 14 2 Sola Hazard 14 2 1 Mechanical Dimensions 196 x 100 x 40mm 7 7 x 3 9 x 1 60 inches Weight 500g
7. it is necessary to position the arrow at that wavelength The wavelength and intensity of the position of the cursor is displayed at the top of the screen Tracing is available in Graph mode To move the cursor along the graph use the and keys 8 2 Zooming in to have a closer look Having traced along the graph you have spotted an unusual part in the graph that requires closer inspection Easy use the Zoom facility Whilst in the GRAPH MENU it is possible to zoom in and out on the position of the arrow First position the arrow around the centre of the position you wish to zoom into Select Z in using menu and OK keys Selecting Z in will zoom you into the displayed graph You can continue to Z in by selecting Z in from the menu To zoom out select Z out Once zoomed in you can trace along the graph using the and keys By moving along the graph you are also able to alter the focus or section of graph displayed 8 3 Calculated Power or Area Under the Graph The shaded area on the graph is the calculation of the power received by a process within the preset UVA and UVB ranges NB these are not the convoluted values and therefore are not the same as the values on the main menu To toggle between UVA and UVB areas and UVA UVB ratio use the Shade menu option 21 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurem
8. of the UV light plotted against the wavelength Figure 2 is an example of the graph mode z 3 2 wavelength nm Figure 2 Continuous spectra from mercury black light c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 2 HARDWARE A standard Solatell measuring system normally comprises the following 1 UV spectroradiometric detector head Sensor 2 Graphical display handheld unit Scope 3 Connecting cable between 1 and 2 As will become obvious it is the diffuser on the sensor which gathers the spectral intensity information c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc Sola Hazard nw handheld graphical display unit battery compartment Display area Information screen Graph Menu Key pad Connecting Sensor UV detector head diffuser c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 3 TECHNICAL INFORMATION Skip to section 4 if you just want to get started Conv
9. 2 SATURATED W m 100 of total Energetic 320 to 400 nm Effective 0 00050 W m UV1 Fail UV3 Fail UV2 Fail UV4 Pass Print Send Info Clock Figure 18 Saturated sensor screen 6 1 Select the Sample Time The sample time is the duration over which the Sensor measures the intensity Selecting the sample time is similar to selecting the range on a voltmeter or the exposure time on a camera To measure low intensity UV sources you need a long sample time as this is more accurate but for high intensity UV you need a short sample time to prevent the photo diodes from saturating c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc ESC MODE OK Cc Eo ca Sola Hazard Figure 19 keypad keys Sample time can be changed from the main menu Use the keys to increase and decrease the integration time As soon as a or key is pressed the top section of the screen displays the current sample time Press and depress the and keys until the required time is displayed The sample time ranges from 1s to 200 seconds When the correct sample time has been selected wait for the screen to revert to original menu or press menu key This new sample time will remain stored until changed again even after switch off Sometim
10. RY OF MENU FUNCTIONS Main Menu Store Print Send Info Clock Graph Menu Zin Zout Shade Y Zoom Save Menu Load Save Clear Bank Select Bank Load Clear Send S all Reset Function Allows you to save the current data Sends data to optional printer Send all stored data to PC Takes you to info screen for contrast Version number sample time etc Allows you to set the real time clock Enter by pressing mode key zooms in by factor set by Fctr zooms out by factor set by Fctr Toggles between UVA UVB power and UVA UVB ratio Zooms on the Y range magnifies peaks numeric Enter by selecting store on main menu Loads selected file into Sola Hazard Saves current data into file selected Deletes data from selected file Selects select bank menu Enter by selecting Bank in save menu Allows user to select bank A F Deletes data from alll files in bank Sends all data from alll files in bank to PC Sends all data from alll files in all banks to PC Deletes all data from all files and resets alll parameters to default values 27 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 SolaHazard USER MANUAL solatelll For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 14 SPECIFICATION All specification quoted as typical at 21 C 14 1 Sensor 14 1 1 Optics General Description Entrance window Wavelength range Resolution
11. and UV radiation This UVA 0 012 0 01 0 008 0 006 0 004 0 002 o 7 250 270 290 310 330 350 370 390 nm W cm2 nm Figure 4 Graph of data from a UVA lamp collected by Sola Hazard array is scanned by the Sensor control electronics at the end of the sample time thus acquiring the UV spectrum in one go c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc Accuracy is the essence and this requires a calibration procedure to determine which wavelength each detector element represents The calibration procedure uses a transfer standard calibrated by the NPL National Physical Laboratories Sensor and a broadband UV light source a Deuterium lamp Using these the sensitivity of each detector and its corresponding wavelength position on the focal plane can then be learnt These calibration sensitivities are then used as exact adjustments when the photo diode array is scanned in use to yield the actual intensity of the UV radiation falling on each detector element in radiometric units of uW cm2 nm Clearly a reasonable amount of digital signal processing is required when the Sensor is being used to convert the photon counts from each of the detector elements over the range of interest to radiometric units w
12. at the chosen sample time and if there is any saturation it will then do another scan with half the sample time etc retaining all the data from non saturated pixels It will do a maximum of six scans unless it hits the minimum sample time of 10mS This means measurements can be 32 times more accurate than with a single scan For example if an 8 second sample was chosen then the Sola Sensor would do scans at 8s 4s 2s 1s 0 5s and 0 25s and combine the best non saturated results The trick with Smart Scan is choosing the sample time The longer the sample time the more accurate the reading provided saturation is not reached Due to the varied nature of the UV sources this instrument can be used to measure it is not practicable to give a detailed and precise method of obtaining the best measurement there is a certain element of experience required to be gained However when making initial readings we would recommend the following course of action 1 Set the sample time to 1s in main menu and the Y zoom to 1 in graph mode see figure 21 Then take a sample reading see section 4 5 If the graph produced shows good resolution ie one or more peaks show an intensity of 50 or more on the screen there is no need to alter either setting The intensity of some wavelengths may actually have saturated the sensor at the 1s sample scan however Smart Scan would have automatically rescanned at lower sample times to produce the graph with no sa
13. ease the sample time If the reading is Zero then the sample time is too short and you need to increase the sample time or there is no UV See section 6 fo deal with this c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 5 GRAPH MODE To examine the detailed data behind the numbers on the main menu you can toggle between the graph mode and the main menu by using the mode key Note the data shown in the graph mode is not convoluted with the erythemal effect data ESC MODE OK co oe ca Sola Hazard Figure 16 mode key The graph mode looks like figure 17 5 1 Zooming in to get a closer look Selecting Z In will zoom you into the displayed graph You can continue to Z In by selecting Z In from the menu To zoom out select Z Out Once zoomed in you can trace along the graph using the and keys By moving along the graph you are also able to alter the focus or section of graph displayed 5 2 Y Zoom Factor Increasing the Y zoom effectively magnifies the graph on the y axis If the Y zoom is too large the top of the graph will be lost from the top of the screen To change the Y zoom select Y Zoom using the menu step key Use the and keys to enter the required zoom factor note the range is 1 650 default 1 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01
14. emal effect 250 270 290 310 330 350 370 390 nm Figure 7 Convolution of the UVB lamp data and the erythemal effect c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 4 UV SPECTRAL MEASUREMENTS QUICK START 4 1 Switching On To switch on press the on key ESC MODE OK oo co Sola Hazard Figure 8 Keypad on A cursor will flash in the top right corner indicating the Sola Hazard is busy in this case initialising After a couple of seconds the main menu will appear SOLARIUM MODE ZI 16 04 Fri 16 Oct 98 250 to 320 nm Effective 0 15000 W m 4 2 of total Energetic 320 to 400 nm Effective 0 00050 W m UV1 Fail UV3 Fail UV2 Fail UV4 Pass Print Send Info Clock Figure 9 N B The data from the last sample prior to switch off will be displayed on power up This is the convoluted data c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 4 2 Switching Off The Sola Hazard automatically switches off after a six minute absence of activity It gives three warning beeps after five minutes and three more be
15. entional radiometers have been used for some time for portable measurements of UV radiation using a simple combination of a single photo detector sensitive to UV e g a photo multiplier tube or a photo diode and a filter between the detector and the light source to limit the wavelength range seen by the detector This gives a limited amount of useful information about the intensity of the light in the pass band of the filter Units of measurement for radiometers are usually in mW cm Often however it also important to know the wavelength of the UV radiation to be able to judge the effectiveness of the radiation in achieving a desired effect For this the spectral content as well as the intensity is needed from a measuring instrument generally referred to as a spectroradiometer At the heart of the Sola Hazard Sensor is the Solatell a patented single optical component transparent to UV down to approximately 200nm Once UV light enters this optical component it is constrained within it until it ends up striking elements of a photo diode detector array as a focused dispersed image The position of the illuminated portion s of the detector array determines the wavelength of the UV light and the number of photons striking a detector element within a certain sample time corresponds to the intensity of the UV light at that wavelength This means then that the entire photo diode array is illuminated at the same time in the presence of broadb
16. ents 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 9 UNDERSTANDING A UV SPECTRUM To get the most out of the Sola Hazard it is necessary to have an appreciation of what is a normal spectrum from the UV source you are in interested in measuring the irradiance of To a certain extent this appreciation will come from using the instrument of course but it is worth mentioning some broad categories of UV light source and what to expect in the way of spectral distribution from these sources Broadly these UV sources can be split into the following categories e Line spectra e g From a Mercury vapour discharge lamp e Continuous spectra e g from a UVA tanning lamp In the Graph Mode the units of wavelength measurement for UV are nano metres usually abbreviated to nm The units of intensity measurement for UV are usually micro Watts per centimetre squared per nano metre usually abbreviated to uhW cm2 nm or hW cm2 nm These units can represent 1000 times more power if expressed in mW cm2 nm or 1000 times less Dower if expressed in nW cm2 nm Note how the per nano metre part of the intensity units reflects that the Sola Hazard in Graph mode is a spectroradiometer so is able to indicate the amount of irradiance power entering the instrument at each nm Aradiometer as opposed to a spectroradiometer is only able to measure irradiance in a fairly broad band and is unable to give any wavelength information 9
17. eps five seconds before switching off To switch the Sola Hazard off manually hold the mode key down then press the off key for 2 seconds ESC MODE OK co e Sola Hazard Figure 10 4 3 Menu Control The primary method of controlling the Sola Hazard is through the menu system Use menu key to highlight the desired item and OK to select it store Print Send Info Clock ESC MODE OK Cc ao ca Sola Hazard Figure 11 Keypad To return to the previous menu press esc c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 4 4 Contrast When you first switch on you may find the screen is very dim To alter the contrast select Info from the main menu this will bring up the INFO screen Then use the keys to increase and decrease the contrast respectively INFO Sola Hazard v1 00 Sola Sensor v1 32 c 1998 4D Controls Ltd Tel 44 01209 214400 Fax 44 01209 314415 info solatell com eR KR RR RK RR RK RK 19 34 42 Fri 16 Oct 98 Sample Time 500ms Sensor Temp 23 9C Battery Level Use and to alter contrast Figure 12 The INFO screen also gives you current sample time see later and the state of the battery charge To return to the main menu use mode key c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll
18. es it may be necessary to experiment until the sample time is correct c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 7 STORING THE RESULT Once you have a satisfactory result not too small and not saturating then you may want to store the data in battery backed RAM so you can refer to it later e g print it out or upload it to a PC It is not necessary to save the data but it will be lost if you take another reading There are 6 banks labelled A to F of 15 files in each to choose from To store the graph select Store from the main menu then select the file bank required The file areas will now be listed with their status next to them Used or Empty To select the file area you wish to store use the and keys STORE MENU Current bank is A 11 05 11 Jul 99 12 30 1 Jul 99 Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Empty Clear Figure 20 Saving 20 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 8 ANALYSING THE UV DATA IN GRAPH MODE 8 1 Tracing along the graph To determine the intensity of any particular wavelength
19. hile also taking the calibration data into account The spectral intensity data is finally converted to an asynchronous serial data stream at 250 kBaud which can be sent via the connecting cable to the graphical display unit The Sola Hazard is designed to distinguish between different lamp types as defined by the French decree see introduction The important difference is the amount of UVA and UVB the lamps emit Figures 4 and 5 show plots of wavelength vs intensity graphs from lamps that output predominantly UVA and UVB respectively The Sola Hazard takes the readings shown above and convolutes the data with the erythemal action spectra of human skin see UVB 0 09 0 08 0 07 0 06 0 05 0 04 0 03 0 02 0 01 04 f t 250 270 290 310 330 350 370 390 nm Power W cm2 nm Figure 5 Graph of data from a UVB lamp figure 6 The result is the data used by the Sola Hazard See figure 7 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc solatelll 10 Erythemal Action Spectra skin response CEI 1995 0 1 0 01 0 001 0 0001 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 Figure 6 Eryihemal Action Spectra 2 f a o o K Effective power 0 UVB x Eryth
20. lable from 4D Controls PAPER LOADING If the paper roll requires replacing please adhere to the following procedure e Open the lid and remove the old paper taking care not to pull the paper out of the back of the mechanism Press the feed switch until any excess paper left in the mechanism is fed out e Reel off a few centimetres from a new paper roll and ensuree the wend is cut squarely Sit the paper roll in the paper well with the paper end coming from the bottom of the roll e Offer the paper into the back of the mechanism and press the feed switch Keep this switch depressed until enough paper has been fed through the mechanism to be inserted through the paper exit slot e Feed the paper through the slot and close the lid REPLACEMENT OF RIBBON CASSETTE Once the ribbon has reached the end of it s useful life after approximately two rolls of printing it should be replaced The ink ribbon cassette is of the throw away type and re inking should not be attempted Prior to removing the old cassette ensure the power is off and then open the lid Push down on the end of the cassette marked push until the other end of the cassette disengages then remove the whole ink ribbon assembly To insert the new cassette first turn the button on the cassette in the direction shown until the ribbon becomes taut place the cassette straight into the printer turning the button during this operation to facilitate correct engagement Fina
21. lly check the ribbon is running freely through the slot in the printer 25 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 12 TROUBLE SHOOTING sol atellle Symptoms Problem i Solution S Change the batteries ry to switch the zard on the screen lank and the keys ep ry to switch the zard on the screen ank but the keys ry to scan the is a flat line along om ry to scan the h has gaps along the o scan the replies No sensor o scan Sola Hazard replies Comms error c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 he batteries are flat he contrast is too low There is no UV getting to he Sensor 2 The Sensor is uncalibrated he photo diode array has saturated The cable is damaged 09 03 01 Switch the Sola Hazard off then on again Wai it five seconds Select Info using menu key then press 1 Make sure obstructed repeatedly he eye is not 2 Report the problem to your supplier Decrease the Refer to suppl integration time ier Replace the cable 26 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 13 QUICK REFERENCE SUMMA
22. ols Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc SOLARIUM MODE 16 04 Fri 16 Oct 98 250 to 320 nm Effective 0 15000 W m 4 2 of total Energetic 320 to 400 nm Effective 0 00050 W m UV1 Fail UV2 Fail Figure 1 This indicates the effective dose of UVA 320 400 nm and UVB 250 320 nm and the category of lamp as classified in the French Decree Number 97 617 30 May 97 With regard to the sale and the availability to the general public of certain apparatus for tanning using UV radiation c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc Four types of UV source are defined as Lamp Effective Lighting Intensity W m2 Comments Type 250 to 320nm 320 to 400nm 4D Controls 1 lt 0 0005 gt 0 15 Strong UVA Lamp 2 0 0005 to 0 15 gt 0 15 Strong UVA some UVB 3 lt 0 15 lt 0 15 UVB UVA 4 gt 0 15 lt 0 15 Strong UVB some UVA Effective measurements are obtained by measurement then convolution with an agreed Erythemal Action Spectra The graph screen is the detailed data shown in graphical form with the effective dose
23. s will give longer use than fully charged rechargeable cells Note Due to 4D Controls Ltd policy of continuous product improvement specification is liable to change without notice Please consult your supplier or 4D Controls direct for clarification if necessary Solatell is a registered trademark of 4D Controls Ltd Patents in more than one country granted or pending on Solatell soectroradiometric technology Warranty All Solatell products are guaranteed to be free from manufacturing defects for a period of 1 year from date of purchase AD Controls Ltd does not warrant the use of SolaSensor Sola Hazard for any particular application As a general measuring instrument Solatell Sola Hazard detectors require periodic recalibration usually annually 30 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01
24. solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc Graph Mode Wavelength 355nm Intensity 28 3pW cm nm UVA 257 00pW cm 325 wavelength nm Zin Zout Shade Yzoom Figure 17 Graph mode Use of ese will return the default value Sola Hazard will not allow you to enter illegal values 5 3 Shade At the top of the Graph screen the display shows the total power of UVA To toggle between UVA UVB and UVA UVB ratio select Shade using the menu key and press OK c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 6 UV SPECTRAL MEASUREMENT TUNING THE SCAN You may wish to adjust your scan time because the light source measured either saturates the sensor or conversely has not been detected If the detector is saturated the word saturated will appear on the Main Menu see figure 18 Using the graph mode will also help you tune your sample time as if the sensors are saturated you will see gaps in the graph This will help you judge if the saturation is due to the sample time being far too long or only a little too long See section 8 for more details SMART SCAN A 04 Fri 16 Oct 98 250 to 320 nm Effective
25. solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc IMPORTANT The calibration of this equipment is traceable with the National Physical Laboratory NPL of the United Kingdom The optical bench used for this calibration is similar to those used in Physics for calibrating detectors and spectroradiometers It is not specific for the measurements of solar cabins The very different geometry used in this application may account for significant differences in the measurements Therefore it is recommended to check the conformity of the measurements against an optical bench specifically designed and calibrated for this application Without such a check and any relevant scaling factor being applied no claim as to the standardised accuracy of the instrument for the specific application can be made or is warranted by the manufacturers c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc No 10 11 12 13 14 OVERVIEW aea ane r E a eau HARDWARE TECHNICAL INFORMATION enrere ineei ieser rii ii 8 4 1 Sirola a e ROl ER AAA 11 4 2 Switching Off bods 4 3 MEnU CONtkOlie rierien e Stent i ened vn ttaae ones 12 GRAPH IM DE eirean Ia EE N NESE AAAA NA
26. spectroradiometer please take a little time to read this manual before using the instrument for the first time The patented Solatell technology allows a complete UV spectrum from low UVC up to the start of visible light to be captured and displayed graphically with just a single button press Many novel and useful features have been designed into the Solatell instruments which allow powerful spectral analysis of UV light to be done in seconds Solatell technology is the result of an in depth research and development program specifically to develop portable hand held instruments for the rapid and accurate measurement of Ultra Violet radiation The range measured is from short wavelength UVC used for germicidal disinfection due to it s strong absorption of DNA through UVB the cause of sunburn in humans and some animals and also used increasingly by industry to UVA the predominant UV energy region from the Sun reaching the Earth s surface 4D Controls Ltd advise use of protective clothing when in contact with UV Always use eye protection when working with UV lamps The Sola Hazard has been specifically designed to test UV lamps for the harmful effects to the skin the instrument is designed to measure artificial UVA UVB lamps only The part of the spectrum analysed for this purpose is the 250nm to 400nm waveband The Sola Hazard provides data in two forms The main menu screen is the summary data shown in Figure 1 c 4D Contr
27. turation However if the graph is fairly flat there are two courses of action open 2 The first is to increase the Y zoom select Y Zoom on menu then use key to magnify the graphical image to obtain a graph with large peaks this will retain the 1s sample time but will also magnify any noise The first steps would be to try a Y zoom of 5 then possibly 10 increasing the Y zoom until a satisfactory graph is obtained The net result is a short sample time but inherent to this is possibly unacceptable noise 3 The second option is to increase the sample time until a well defined graph is shown The process of increasing sample time increases the accuracy of the measurement The first steps would be to increase the sample time to 2s then 5s and further if necessary It is possible with a very low intensity light source the sample time may have to be increased as far as the maximum 200s 4 Ifthe initial graph from 1 above shows saturation on one or more peaks a shorter sample time should be selected and a further sample taken 23 c 4D Controls Ltd 1999 09 03 01 solatelll SolaHazard USER MANUAL For assessing the human skin response to UV lamps using UV spectral measurements 8 Jul 98 Rev 1 0 file SolaHazard MAN798 final doc 10 CONNECTING THE SOLA HAZARD TO A PC VIA SOLATERM Sola Term is a Terminal Emulator which works in Windows 95 environment This allows you to upload data from Sola Hazard to your PC and then use a
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