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TransType SE 2.5 for Windows User Manual

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1. AMA lt 4 ARAAA They are all the letter A but each is a different glyph INF Information file A text file that contains information about a PC Type font Multiple master font A special type of font format that is an extension of the Type 1 font format Multiple master fonts contain several font styles called master fonts in one font file A program that uses multiple master font can not only select one of the master fonts but it also can select an intermediate design created by the linear interpolation of the master fonts NENT resource Macintosh terminology for the part of a Type 1 or TrueType Macintosh font that contains the bitmap font OpenType OpenType font format jointly developed by Microsoft and Adobe OpenType fonts can be TrueType flavored or OpenType TT and PostScript flavored or OpenType PS Both are Unicode encoded and support special features like swashes contextual forms ligatures etc To convert to and from OpenType format you need TransType Pro available as a separate product PFB Postscript Font Binary file A binary file that contains the glyph outline information for a PC Type 1 font PFM Postscript Font Metrics file A binary file that contains the metrics information for a PC Type font POST resource Macintosh terminology for the part of a Macintosh font that contains an Adobe Type 1 font sfnt resource Macintosh terminology for the part of a Macintosh font that contains a TrueTy
2. Adding Fonts to the Source List To add one or more fonts to the Source fonts list you can use two methods the Add button or drag and drop To add fonts with the Add button 1 Press the Add button at the bottom of TransType s Main Window You will see the standard Windows Open dialog box Look in Fonts Folder myriad 9 arial ttf My Recent E MinioMM bin Documents MinioMMIt bin Es Minion MM bin ie MyriadPro Regular otf Times New Roman sit File name MyriadPro Regular otf Times New Roman sit gt My Network Files of type All files v Open Fonts Dialog box 2 Select the fonts you want to add for processing and press the Open button TransType will open every font selected check it and extract the information necessary for further processing Remember Macintosh fonts must usually be in MacBinary or BinHex format see details below 18 To add fonts using the drag and drop method 1 Open the directory with the fonts 2 Select the fonts you want to add and drag them to TransType s Main Window f Note You can drag and drop not only individual fonts but also folders containing many fonts Subfolders are processed recursively f Note When you add Macintosh Type 1 fonts for conversion you MUST add suitcases along with the printer font files If you cannot identify a suitcase file add all files that you suspect contain font data Note that filenames for t
3. Here is a brief description of each button from left to right Add Use this button to add fonts to the Source Fonts list and prepare them for conversion Note that you can add fonts to the Source list by simply drag dropping them to the Main Window from the Explorer Attach Use this button if you are converting Macintosh fonts to PC to let TransType know which files containing PostScript font data to use with the currently selected font suitcase Refer to the Associating PostScript Data Files section below for more information about this command Clear Press this button to remove the currently selected font s from the Source or Destination list Of course the corresponding item s will also be removed from the other list Preferences Press this button to open the Preferences dialog containing various TransType settings Convert Press this button to begin the font conversion process Note that it may be disabled in some circumstances this means that you didn t provide enough information for the conversion process or that one of the fonts to be converted is damaged or improperly constructed Quit Use this button to finish working with TransType and exit the program Conversion Process To convert fonts you have to Add the fonts you want to convert to the Source list Remember that Macintosh fonts must usually be in MacBinary or BinHex format If you are converting Macintosh fonts to PC you may have to associate data f
4. Inc Other brand or product names are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders THIS PUBLICATION AND THE INFORMATION HEREIN IS FURNISHED AS IS IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS A COMMITMENT BY FONTLAB LTD FONTLAB LTD ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS OR INACCURACIES MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EXPRESS IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WITH RESPECT TO THIS PUBLICATION AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS User manual release 2 5 2 2005 Contents CONTENTS INTRODUCTION USER INTERFACE Source Fonts List Destination Fonts List Pop up Menus Command Buttons CONVERSION PROCESS Converting a Sample Font Adding Fonts to the Source List Adding Macintosh Fonts Associating PostScript Data Files Removing Fonts Previewing Fonts Setting Conversion Options General Conversion Options Destination File Options PC to Macintosh Conversion TrueType Fonts Changing Font Format Reencoding Symbol Encoding Unicode Mapping Defining the Source Encoding Defining the Destination Encoding Customizing Suitcases Type 1 Fonts Changing Font Format Reencoding Metrics Files Multiple Master Fonts Suitcases 10 11 12 Bitmap Fonts Macintosh to PC Conversion Macintosh Font Preparation Single file MacBinary or BinHex intermediate format E mail with atta
5. Baltic MS Windows 932 Japanese MS Windows 936 Chinese PRC MS Windows 949 Korean MS Windows 950 Chinese Traditional MS Windows Armenian de facto MS Windows Georgian de facto MS Windows ParaGraph Cyrillic Asian MS Windows ParaGraph Finnish Cyrillic MS Windows ParaGraph French Cyrillic MS Windows ParaGraph German Cyrillic MS Windows ParaGraph Greek Polytonic MS Windows Symbol MS Windows DOS 1258 Vietnamese MS Windows OEM 874 Thai Source Encoding Pop up Menu Y Tip Press and hold down the Ctrl key on the keyboard before pressing the pop up menu button to get access to all the possible codepages 35 Y Tip It is possible to change the source encoding for multiple selected items in the Source list at once But you must right click on the selection instead of using the pop up menu button at the right of the font name When the font doesn t have a Unicode table or is encoded as a symbol font the legend will not say that the font is Unicode and you will have to use the encoding pop up menu The Use Unicode item will be disabled in this case and you have to determine which encoding the source font has The first item is Use Default this means that TransType will use the codepage currently selected as default in the Defaults Codepages amp Scripts Page of the Preferences dialog The other items in the dropdown list are the names of codepages Select one of these codepages if you know that that codepage is used in the so
6. Common Files FontLab Mapping folder This file has a very simple structure every line contains a PostScript name and its corresponding Unicode index You can edit this file or extend it at your own risk In addition to the Standard nam file TransType uses an algorithm that decodes names constructed according to Adobe s uniXXXX rule TrueType Fonts When TransType opens PC TrueType fonts it looks for a 3 1 CMap table If this table is found then the font is marked as a normal Unicode font If not TransType tries to open the 3 0 table if this table is present it means that the source font is a symbol font The last table that is checked is the 1 0 table usually used to encode fonts on the Macintosh This table is also used as a symbol mapping table If the font contains more glyphs than are covered by the 1 0 CMap table TransType tries to open the post table extract the glyph names and find Unicode indexes using the same method which is used when PostScript names of the Type 1 characters are mapped to Unicode Note that the same search sequence is used when a font is converted from Macintosh to PC The MacStyle field of the head table is used to detect the style of a Windows TrueType font AAT Apple Advanced Typography features are not created when converting to Macintosh TrueType Ascender and descender values are extracted from the head table The OS 2 table is not used for these purposes 79 80 Customizi
7. DAVE e AppleSingle NTFS Services for Macintosh 4 Note Exchange through some of these protocols may not work depending on version configuration and other conditions The best way of checking the availability of such a protocol is to try adding some Macintosh fonts to TransType through your network Single Macintosh Stufflt archive If Macintosh fonts were packed with StuffIt Deluxe you can just copy the sit archive to your PC hard disk and add it to the TransType Source list 63 64 TrueType Fonts When you add a Macintosh font suitcase containing TrueType fonts sfnt resources to the Source list you must let TransType know which codepage it uses The only case when this is not necessary is when the source Macintosh TrueType font has a Unicode table usually the case To select a codepage for the source TrueType font follow the rules that were described when we talked about converting PC TrueType fonts to Macintosh format After TransType knows for which codepage a TrueType font was encoded it can assign Unicode indexes to the font s characters and generate a correct Unicode mapped font as Windows requires f Note that the accompanying bitmap fonts if any from the same Macintosh suitcase are not copied or converted to PC font format See also the TrueType lt gt Type 1 Conversion section for information on different TrueType creation options Type 1 Fonts Conversion of Type 1 fonts from Macintosh to
8. Family does not allow simulation of the outline style v Font Family does not allow simulation of bold style _ Font Family simulates the bold style by increasing point size Mal Fant Faraile dace nat slew cir dl akin af the iFslie cekula v FOND Info Dialog box Usually you won t need to change these parameters But if you are a professional in font design this dialog is for you Besides the FOND name which is the same as the font menu name you may edit parameters in the following groups Font family properties FOND ID FOND resource identifier or family ID number lying in the range of the particular script Changing the script in the pop up menu to the right will automatically change the FOND ID and vice versa When you change the destination codepage the script and therefore the FOND ID change as well Don t use family fractional widths Use integer extra widths Don t adjust Characters spacing If this option is switched on the font will be treated by the Macintosh system as one with characters of fixed width monospaced Otherwise the font is treated as proportional If this option is switched on the system will not use the global family widths table If this option is switched on the system will use the family style extra widths table Family Style Property Table If this option is switched on the system will use the family style extra widths table Family Style Property Table even
9. Macintosh requirements The problem is that on the Macintosh we can use only codes in the 0 255 range to access characters This rule is not true in MacOS X but we will use the older requirements to let you build Macintosh fonts that will work on all Macintosh systems So we need to carefully use this space Every language used on the Macintosh has a codepage mapping table that determines how characters are mapped to the 0 255 code space When we know which characters are in the source font with the help of Unicode indexing and select a Macintosh codepage we can easily build a correctly mapped Macintosh TrueType font We ll describe below all the operations that you might need to perform to make a correctly encoded Macintosh TrueType font Defining the Source Encoding When you add a PC TrueType font to the Source list you can look in the legend field below it If it says TransType will use Unicode table to detect encoding that means that the font has a valid Unicode mapping table and the conversion is very simple The Unicode table is used by default in this case but you have the option to change the source encoding Press a pop up menu button at the right of the font name and the pop up menu will appear Use Default v Use Unicode MS Windows 1252 Latin 1 MS Windows 1250 Eastern European MS Windows 1251 Cyrillic MS Windows 1253 Greek MS Windows 1254 Turkish MS Windows 1255 Hebrew MS Windows 1256 Arabic MS Windows 1257
10. PC is very similar to the conversion from PC to Macintosh The only difference is the handling of the metrics Metrics information a character s width s and kerning is extracted from the font suitcase and converted to AFM INF and PFM files Of course the reencoding information is used when the metrics files are generated so that you get a valid PC Type 1 font file f Note that the accompanying bitmap fonts from the Macintosh suitcase are not copied or converted to PC font format as in the case with TrueType fonts But you must always add suitcases to TransType but not printer font files only See also the TrueType lt gt Type 1 Conversion section for information on different Type 1 creation options 65 66 TrueType lt gt Type 1 Conversion By default TransType converts between platforms but not between formats TrueType to TrueType and Type 1 to Type 1 You have the option to change the destination font type in the destination Format pop up menu or in the font Properties dialog box Before you change the destination font type and actually before adding fonts to the Main Window it is a good idea to check some of the more important options for generating fonts in the destination format f Note If you change any of the options in the Preferences dialog you have to re add the fonts to the source fonts list in order to convert them according to the new rules Type 1 Options To check and set parameters for generating
11. Thus Unicode was born Unicode is a two byte font encoding that has room for about 64 000 characters All known scripts of the world are or are being included in Unicode While even 64000 characters is beginning to look like it may not be enough it seems that it will be adequate for the immediate future 88 Definitions AAT Apple Advanced Typography fonts the TrueType fonts especially designed for use with ATSUI Like OpenType fonts these fonts have special features such as swashes contextual forms ligatures etc These fonts are widely presented among system fonts in Mac OS X and are supported in Cocoa applications AFM ASCII Font Metrics file A text file that contains the metrics information for a PC Type 1 font Alphabet Script the collection of characters used to write a particular language The alphabet as North Americans and English know it is the script for the English language Latin script is the script for most European South American and some Asian languages Cyrillic script is used in all Slavonic languages Russian Ukrainian Serbian Bulgarian and many others Note that a script usually includes many more characters than necessary for the one language Latin script for example includes more than 200 characters ATSUI Apple Type Services for Unicode Imaging Apple s technology and a set of routines that enable the rendering of Unicode encoded text with advanced typographic features It automatically h
12. TransType does the following 1 Opens the TrueType font file and extracts information about all the available glyphs the Unicode mapping data the font names and the font style plain bold italic or bold italic 2 Tries to detect which encodings this font can support 3 Ifseveral added TrueType fonts belong to the same family the family name is the same and the style information is different builds a destination font suitcase 4 Prepares for PC TrueType to Macintosh TrueType conversion 31 32 Changing Font Format By default Windows TrueType will be converted to Macintosh TrueType but you can change the destination font format Press the pop up menu button located at the right of the suitcase name in the Destination list to open the following pop up menu Codepage gt Script gt Mac Type 1 Win TrueType Win Type 1 Properties Destination Format Pop up Menu Select the platform and the type for the destination font Tip If you have multiple selections in the Destination list your choice will be applied to all selected fonts But you must right click on the selection instead of using the pop up menu button at the right of the font name Tip You can change the default destination platform and format in the Defaults Formats Page of the Preferences dialog Reencoding Source TrueType fonts can have the following encodings 1 Normal Unicode encoding In this case all characters are assigned to the
13. font files in any Windows format Short 8 3 name If this option is checked TransType will generate file names for Windows fonts in DOS notation for more compatibility This option is on by default Long based on If this option is checked TransType will generate long file PS Font Name names It will use the Font Name fields to generate file names Long based on If this option is checked TransType will generate long file Full Font Name names and will use the Full Font Name fields Use the Defaults Page of the Preferences dialog to choose the place where new fonts will be stored Default Target folder Always ask for destination Folder Save in a same Folder as original fonts Use the Following Folder C Documents and Settingsi lexiDesktop Save each Font Family in its own Folder Click the Always ask for destination folder radio button to make TransType open the standard directory selection dialog for each conversion session Click Save in the same folder as original fonts to let TransType save the converted fonts in the same place as the input fonts reside To specify a particular folder click the Use the following folder option and select your custom destination directory on the disk where you would like the converted fonts to be stored And finally if you check the Save each font family in its own folder option then a separate folder will be created for each converted family in the folder select
14. gt 0057 0058 0053 0 To change the encoding in the preview use the Codepage pop up menu at the bottom of the window Note that by changing the codepage in the source or destination character chart preview you also define the source or destination encoding for conversion see the next section for details To get access to all the possible codepages in the Codepage pop up menu uncheck the checkbox to the right of the menu The Codepage pop up menu will contain not just Windows or Macintosh codepages but all codepages from the Program Files Common Files FontLab Codepage and Program Files Common Files FontLab TransType Codepage directories on your hard disk With the help of the TransType font preview feature you can easily define the appropriate conversion encodings for each font in the Source list f Note You cannot set different encodings for different fonts in the same Macintosh suitcase or PC font family When you set the encoding for one font in a suitcase family you set it for all the fonts in the suitcase family Setting Conversion Options After you have added fonts to the Source list and the resulting font names have appeared in the Destination list TransType usually is ready to begin conversion using the default settings But sometimes you may need to change the conversion options particularly the destination font format the methods that TransType uses to reencode fonts and if you are converting PC fonts to
15. if the option Don t use family fractional widths is switched off This option represents the 11 bit of the family flags which is usually set to zero 45 Font family metrics Calculate values If this radio button is checked TransType will automatically automatically calculate vertical metrics for the destination family You cannot edit global family metrics manually in this case Use custom values If this radio button is checked you get access to the following fields to change them Edit family vertical metrics only if you know what you are doing and understand the purpose well Ascent The maximum height above the baseline reached by characters in this family fonts Descent The maximum depth below the baseline reached by characters in this family fonts The depth is usually a negative number Leading Maximum leading for the family The leading value is usually set to zero MaxWidth Maximum character width for the family Style mapping flags Font Class Font name needs This option is switched on if the font name needs coordinating coordinating Font family creates When this option is switched on the Outline style of the the outline style by family will be created by changing PaintType a changing PaintType PostScript variable to 2 Font family doesn t This option is switched on if the font family disallows allow simulation of simulating the Outline style by smearing the glyph and the outline style whiting o
16. the Preferences dialog General TrueType Options TrueType OpenType TT Options ag Treat single byte destination Win TrueType as Symbol Automatically add required glyphs notdef NULL CR space Remove embdedded bitmaps Level of automatic hinting Default hu Font smoothing Default v Font smoothing must be supported by the operating system and switched on to see the difference Generate TrueType Page of the Preferences Dialog Here is the description of controls which are used to customize the TrueType font Win TrueType and Mac TrueType generating process Treat single byte If this option is checked TransType will generate a destination Win non Unicode Windows TrueType font as a Symbol TrueType as Symbol font All characters in this font will be mapped to the F000 FOFF range This option is on by default Automatically add If this option is checked TransType will add some required glyphs predefined glyphs in a TrueType font automatically These are the missing character and the space for Windows TrueType and the missing default null space CR and sometimes non breaking space for Macintosh TrueType This option is on by default Remove embedded If this option is not checked TransType will try to bitmaps preserve and reencode bitmaps embedded into a TrueType font TransType can reencode embedded bitmaps only with our old TransType 1 x conversion met
17. the conversion of symbol encoded TrueType fonts 49 50 When you add a PC Type 1 font to the Source fonts list you ll see the pop up menu button at the right of the font name Click on it and you ll see the menu Use Default w Use Names MS Windows 1252 Latin 1 MS Windows 1250 Eastern European MS Windows 1251 Cyrillic MS Windows 1253 Greek MS Windows 1254 Turkish MS Windows 1255 Hebrew MS Windows 1256 Arabic MS Windows 1257 Baltic MS Windows 932 Japanese MS Windows 936 Chinese PRC MS Windows 949 Korean MS Windows 950 Chinese Traditional MS Windows Armenian de facto MS Windows Georgian de Facto MS Windows ParaGraph Cyrillic Asian MS Windows ParaGraph Finnish Cyrillic MS Windows ParaGraph French Cyrillic MS Windows ParaGraph German Cyrillic MS Windows ParaGraph Greek Polytonic MS Windows Symbol MS Windows DOS 1258 Vietnamese MS Windows OEM 874 Thai Source Encoding Pop up Menu As you can see there is a list of codepages we discussed what this means in the TrueType section above and two commands Use Default and Use Names If you select the Use Default item TransType will refer to the codepage selected as the default in the Defaults Codepages amp Scripts Page of the Preferences dialog Default Win Codepage MS Windows 1252 Latin 1 v Show only Windows codepages Default Mac Codepage MacOS Roman v Show only Macintosh codepages If you select Use Names the defau
18. the font Menu name in PFM Family name to the Menu name fields in PFM and INF and INF files It is off by default Macintosh Suitcase Options Mac Type 1 Suitcase Building ele Generate Bitmap Sizes 12 24 e g 12 14 18 User bitmap rasterizer Built In FreeType v C Create suitcases with merged styles Generate Type 1 Macintosh Suitcase Page of the Preferences Dialog The options on this page are useful when creating Type fonts for Macintosh TransType can automatically generate bitmap fonts with one of two rasterizers Choose between the built in FreeType rasterizer or Adobe Type Manager ATM if installed You can request several sizes of bitmap fonts Generate Bitmap Sizes 12 14 18 24 e g 12 14 18 Enter the point sizes of the bitmaps you want to export with the Mac Type 1 font separating values by a space or comma If the Create suitcases with merged styles option is checked TransType will generate a font suitcase compatible with Adobe Type Reunion which lets the font s styles appear in the hierarchical menu of the font menu like that Book Antiqua p Regular Bookman Old Style is Century Gothic Bold Century Schoolbook Bold Italic This option is off by default 69 70 TrueType Options To check and set parameters for generating TrueType fonts click the Preferences button at the bottom of the Main Window and refer to the TrueType section of
19. with Microsoft or Apple All registered Vendor codes known at the time of TransType s release are placed in the pop up menu You don t need to change the default PYRS vendor code if you do not have your own FontLab VFB Font Conversion TransType can convert fonts from the VFB format used internally in other Fontlab products They can be converted to any format for any platform There are however a few caveats 1 Converting a VFB font in TransType is the same as exporting it from a Fontlab application only with the additional power that you can choose the encoding When you add a single master VFB font to the source list of the Main Window TransType prepares to convert it to a Macintosh TrueType font by default You can change the destination format using the Format submenu as with other fonts When you add a multiple master VFB font to the source list of the Main Window TransType prepares to convert it to a Macintosh Type 1 multiple master font by default For details please see the section on multiple master fonts conversion As with other conversions you can use the different TrueType and Type 1 creation options described in the TrueType lt gt Type 1 Conversion section Please note that the option Perform conversion with minimal changes doesn t work with VFB files 75 76 Other Types of Conversion By default TransType converts between platforms in one format PC TrueType to Mac TrueType etc This is set on
20. BinHex is that BinHex was designed to transfer files in the body of a text message and therefore contains only alphabetic characters MacBinary files are meant to be a way for treating Macintosh files as regular files Despite their similarity MacBinary files are considerably smaller due to their binary nature Note You must convert the font files on a Macintosh before copying them to a PC Converters for the creation of MacBinary and BinHex files on Macintosh can be freely downloaded at ftp ftp stairways com other macbinary 3 sit hqx http hyperarchive lcs mit edu HyperArchive Archive cmp binhex 50 hqx or you can use commercial utilities such as StuffIt Deluxe After conversion you will have a regular file that contains all the necessary data and can be copied or sent in the usual manner through the network on diskette or any other media Just drag and drop these files in MacBinary and BinHex format into TransType or Add them E mail with attached font s TransType can accept fonts delivered to your PC from remote Macintosh by e mail Fonts are attached to the message on Macintosh in the usual way After the message is received you must save it to disk as a mail message with a eml extension and then add this file to the TransType Source list 61 62 PC formatted diskette ZIP or MO disks Another relatively easy way of getting font files to a PC is to copy them onto a PC formatted diskette ZIP or MO disk A P
21. C formatted disk is a disk that was formatted for a PC and thus contains a PC disk structure When copying files on such a disk the Mac OS stores them using a special protocol called PC Exchange After you have copied files to such disk TransType is able to read them directly from the media Note that files might be zero size This is just because their resource fork is stored elsewhere e g in other directory TransType will locate all the necessary data automatically MacDrive utility and Mac formatted disks or CDs MacDrive is a third party utility that was developed to enable the PC to read disks that were originally formatted on a Macintosh and thus have the Mac OS file system Visit http www macdrive com for details TransType automatically uses the functionality of MacDrive if it is installed thus enabling it to read Macintosh files from any media supported by MacDrive This is the only way for TransType to read fonts directly from Macintosh disks Note that Windows may report the size of Macintosh fonts to be zero Nevertheless TransType will be able to read them Note that MacDrive supports only Macintosh HFS CDs Through special networking utilities and some Networking Operating Systems TransType supports a number of different networking protocols that can see Macintosh files through the network The supported protocols are e AppleDouble Netatalk e AUFS CAP Helios EtherShare PC Exchange SGI
22. Foes Translype MAC PC POSTSCRIPT TRUETYPE BASIC FONT CONVERTER USER S MANUAL FOR WINDOWS Copyright 1992 2005 by Fontlab Ltd All rights reserved Cover illustration Pawet Jonca pejot com No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior written consent of the publisher Any software referred to herein is furnished under license and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of such license FontLab FontLab logo ScanFont TypeTool SigMaker and AsiaFont Studio are either registered trademarks or trademarks of FontLab Ltd in the United States and or other countries Apple the Apple Logo Mac Mac OS Macintosh and TrueType are trademarks of Apple Computer Inc registered in the United States and other countries Adobe PostScript Type Manager InDesign and Illustrator are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated which may be registered in certain jurisdictions Windows Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows XP and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and or other countries IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation Macromedia Fontographer and Freehand are registered trademarks of Macromedia Inc Stuffit the Stuffit clamp are trademarks of Aladdin Systems
23. Macintosh the styles of the generated fonts and their placement in suitcases Conversion of fonts between two main font formats PostScript Type 1 and TrueType is the feature that makes TransType an advanced product This conversion is not trivial and demands many options to be set correctly Sometimes it is not possible to convert a font from one format to another without loss of font quality That is why we will describe format conversion separately Reencoding of fonts is a very important feature of TransType too This is necessary because Windows and Macintosh use different encodings to map codes in the 0 255 range to characters located in the font Usually the first 128 characters are encoded the same way but other characters located in the 128 255 code range are not Moreover encoding of fonts is highly dependent on the language for which the font was designed and in no language is the Macintosh encoding the same as the one used in Windows The method which the two systems use to identify font styles is also very different On the Macintosh fonts that comprise a font family are grouped into a font suitcase On Windows all the font files are separate and the system links them into the font family using style identification flags set in each font We will give you a detailed description of each operation you can apply to customize the font conversion process The descriptions are grouped in sections for each platform format combinat
24. TransType will automatically convert Macintosh fonts to PC and vice versa TrueType will be converted to TrueType and Type to Type 1 by default Source file resource Family Font name j Camberic ttf Camberic a A Times New Times New Roman Times New Roman Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Italic Times Mew Roman Bold Italic 4 4 Minion MM b Minion MM r arial ttf Arial WOOO Source Fonts List As you can see the presentation of different kinds of fonts in this list depends on the font s platform and type The following icons are used Aj Macintosh font suitcase Click on the icon or the plus sign to the left of the icon to see the contents of the suitcase Click with the Ctrl key depressed to open all the suitcases Click again with the Ctrl key down to close them all a Macintosh Type 1 font post resource usually referenced by the font suitcase It is possible to add a Macintosh Type 1 font without the corresponding suitcase P Macintosh multiple master Type 1 font Al Macintosh TrueType font sfnt resource inside a font suitcase fe PC MS Windows multiple master Type 1 font usually has PFB extension FontLab 3 or FontLab 4 font in VFB format usually has VFB extension 3 The Source list has two main columns the font file name and the font name f Note If you see the text lt sfnt gt instead of the file name it means that this is a sfnt resource located i
25. Type 1 fonts click the Preferences button at the bottom of the Main Window and refer to the Generate Type 1 section of the Preferences dialog General Type 1 Options Type 1 Options Use FontName instead of FullName Build StandardEncoding if possible E Always decompose composites Level of automatic hinting Default level v Generate Type 1 Page of the Preferences Dialog There are only four controls on the Generate Type 1 page UseFontNameinstead If this option is checked TransType will name the files of FullName of Type 1 fonts on the basis of FontName If this option is off TransType will name the files on the basis of FullName In some cases this affects the font menu name too We recommend that you keep this option switched on Build Standard If this option is checked TransType will try to replace Encoding if possible the encoding information in the font with a reference to the Adobe Standard Encoding vector This replacement is possible only if the destination font conforms to the Adobe standard encoding table This option is off by default Always decompose If this option is checked TransType will decompose all composites composite characters imported from the source font and write them decomposed to the destination font This option is off by default 67 The Level of automatic hinting pop up menu allows you to control Type 1 hinting Autohinting is not needed when conversion from Type 1 format is perfo
26. Type fonts described earlier And one more option becomes available when a multiple master font is converted Create instance You may check this option if you want to create a single master Type 1 font but you MUST check this option to convert to a TrueType font That is why if you change the font type to TrueType this option will be checked automatically f Note Multiple master fonts have characters with varying parameters width weight etc by their nature If you choose some constant values for these parameters and fix them you will get an instance of the font that is a plain Type 1 font After the Instance checkbox is checked click on the Create button TransType reads the multiple master font and presents the following dialog with preview Generate Instance Choose design position to generate the instance The quick bro Weight 366 Width lt 584 Opticalsize lt 10 Font Info Family Name Minion Font Name Minion 367_wt_585_wd_11_op 367 wt 585 wd 11 op Full Name Minion Generate Instance Dialog box The process of creating the single master is very simple you just select one of the instances of the multiple master font by dragging the Weight Width and Optical Size sliders and previewing the result Then you can edit the single master Family Name and automatically generated Font Name and Full Name postfixes 367_wt_585_wd_11_op and 367 wt 585 wd 11 op i
27. andles many of the complexities inherent in text layout including the correct rendering of text in bidirectional and vertical script systems Character a symbol used in writing The letter A for instance Every character has a name which is used to identify it CMap character map A table relating an encoding to a set of internal computer codes For instance the computer may use the numbers between 1100 and 1356 to represent the characters in a font When it needs character number 1234 it looks at the CMap table to find the corresponding code which in turn directs it to the appropriate glyph Codepage A 256 character portion of the Unicode encoding table because that s how much we can address with one byte of data The Russian codepage for instance contains the characters used in writing Russian Felele ale fs e Drm efr a gnag nds BIL FL Pes eek mum i H Pls gt eka v y s r t s E ere eli fe e ri e u Je hele Ss i A B B r np w Win Hoo njee T Y efx Liu ujue Ibl jb 3 JO R al6 s rjajepe s no nw njo n p c v y lb x ju fy ugue jene a fofa Composite characters The characters that have no outline but link to other font characters Good ex example of composite characters are accented characters like A a or i Encoding the linear arrangement also called the encoding vector of a script Alphabetical order ABCDEFGHTIJ is the encoding o
28. ange the font name in the editing field below if necessary Note that if any fonts in the suitcase have the same style for example if you have two italic fonts then the OK button is disabled Correct the problem or press Cancel to close the dialog Change the style of the particular font in the suitcase by selecting the appropriate item in the menu which appears when you press the right mouse button or use the pop up button W Normal Bold Style Pop up Menu 41 42 Font Properties You can easily edit the destination font suitcase information Select the suitcase in the Destination list Press on the pop up button to the right and select the Properties command in the pop up menu The Properties dialog box appears Properties Destination Format Win TrueType v FOND Info Instance Family name Menu name PS Font name Times New Roman Times New Roman Times New Roman Times New Roman Times New Roman Times New Roman Bold Times New Roman Times New Roman Times New Roman Italic Times New Roman Times New Roman Times New Roman Bold Italic b Menu Name Times New Roman Font Properties Dialog box The Properties dialog allows you to 1 View the names and styles of the fonts in the family 2 Change the destination platform and format in the Destination Format control Note that you can convert fonts without changing the platform or the font format for example Mac TrueType to Mac TrueTyp
29. are the usual optimal settings for font smoothing 2 Choosethe Off menu item to not generate the smoothing table in the destination TrueType fonts 3 Choosethe Always menu item to apply both smoothing and gridfitting methods to all sizes of the font on the screen Font size in screen pixels Methods O Both smoothing and gridfitting f Note Font smoothing table data make sense only on the Windows platform as they are ignored by the Mac OS Embedding And Identification Options TrueType OpenType TT Embedding amp Identification Font embedding setting Everything is allowed installable mode v You cannot reduce restrictions if they were set in the source font J set Everything i allowed to keep the original embedding leve _ Allow subsetting C Bitmap embedding only Default font vendor is 1BOU Boutros International v Generate TrueType Embedding amp Identification Page of the Preferences Dialog The Embedding amp Identification Page contains two additional pop up menus and two checkboxes The Font s embedding pop up controls how the font may be embedded into documents Embedding is a feature of the operating system and some applications that allow programs to include fonts into documents to guarantee that they will be reproduced correctly However embedding may cause problems with font piracy It is not very hard to extract embedded fonts from a document so the T
30. ay be in violation of copyright patent or licensing laws Please read your font license agreement carefully or contact the licensor to determine your rights and obligations Appendix A Basics of Digital Font Organization Digital fonts consist of glyphs drawings of characters letters of alphabets scripts organized encoded in a particular arrangement Because there are many different languages and scripts each alphabet has its own arrangement codepage which allows a computer to know where to find a particular character retrieve the glyph and either print or display it for the computer user The most familiar encoding to most North Americans and Western Europeans is alphabetic order Dictionaries thesauri membership lists databases etc all use this encoding to organize their contents Font encodings are a bit more complicated because they must include not only the letters of the alphabet which must be represented in both their uppercase and lowercase forms but also punctuation symbols and typographic necessities like spaces of various sizes Early in the history of computing a standard font of 256 characters was decided upon because that was the number that could be addressed by one byte of data Of course as soon as a few more alphabets were added it became obvious that 256 characters was not nearly enough Many different arrangements were used and it looked like every country would have its own some several
31. ched font s PC formatted diskette ZIP or MO disks MacDrive utility and Mac formatted disks or CDs Through special networking utilities and some Networking Operating Systems Single Macintosh Stufflt archive TrueType Fonts Type 1 Fonts TrueType lt gt Type 1 Conversion Type 1 Options General Type 1 Options Metrics Options Macintosh Suitcase Options TrueType Options General TrueType Options Embedding And Identification Options FontLab VFB Font Conversion Other Types of Conversion TECHNICAL DETAILS Type 1 Fonts TrueType Fonts Customizing Codepages BIBLIOGRAPHY SUPPORT A NOTE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY APPENDIX A BASICS OF DIGITAL FONT ORGANIZATION Definitions 77 78 79 80 81 83 85 87 88 Introduction TransType is a TrueType and PostScript Type 1 font conversion utility It can convert PC fonts to Macintosh Macintosh fonts to PC Type 1 fonts to TrueType and TrueType fonts to Type 1 Moreover it can do platform and format conversions at the same time There are several important features that make TransType different from other font conversion programs jn TransType correctly converts fonts with Roman and non Roman encoding and allows you to select both source and destination encoding while you convert fonts in either direction PC gt Mac Mac gt PC TrueType Type 1 Type 1 TrueType The font previewing feature helps select proper encodings TransType automatically controls th
32. d styles option on the Generate Type 1 Macintosh Suitcase Page of the Preferences dialog Macintosh to PC Conversion Converting Macintosh fonts to PC is usually easier than vice versa for the following reasons 1 There are no suitcases on PCs 2 PC TrueType fonts are based on Unicode so usually the reencoding process is simpler 3 Bitmap fonts are not necessary for Type 1 fonts on PCs On the other hand when Type fonts are converted from Macintosh to PC you must generate metrics files that will be used by Windows for information about characters widths and kerning And Macintosh font files must be converted to a PC readable format MacBinary BinHex or sit archive before they can be converted using TransType Win 59 60 Macintosh Font Preparation Macintosh files have a significantly different structure than regular files do In most operating systems files are a container for raw unstructured data But the Mac OS uses a different approach Generally a Mac OS file consists of two forks data and resource The data fork can be considered an analog of a regular file while the resource fork contains RESOURCES Each of these resources has a type and is supposed to be storage for some kind of data Due to their complex structure Macintosh files cannot be copied or properly accessed from a PC So there is a need for some intermediate format or network protocol that packs all the data into a single file or in some other
33. data file for each style The Mac OS automatically associates data files and suitcases using special rules based on file name However during conversion of Macintosh files into MacBinary or BinHex format the files may be renamed and automatic association will not be possible Fonts for which TransType cannot automatically find data files are highlighted in red in the Source Fonts list To manually associate font data files with a suitcase you must press the Attach button You will then see a file dialog where you must select one or more Macintosh files which contain font data files This is not easy since the file names are usually truncated Then try adding all files that you suspect contain font data TransType will open the selected files and try to associate the font data files that they contain with one of the suitcases currently open in the Source Fonts list 21 22 Removing Fonts If you added fonts to the Source list by mistake or you were going to convert them but then changed your mind you can easily remove some fonts from the list Select one or more fonts in the list by using the Shift and Ctrl keys and then press the Clear button at the bottom of the Main Window You can remove item s from the Destination list as well Of course the corresponding item s will also be removed from the Source list To remove all the fonts from both lists press the Clear All button Previewing Fonts After you have added fonts to the Sourc
34. e 3 Set the option to create a single master font from a multiple master will be described later when speaking about Type 1 fonts 4 Change the style of the particular font in the suitcase by selecting the appropriate item in the menu which appears when you press the pop up button lv 5 Changethe Menu name the name which will appear in the font menu when this font is installed in Windows Note that the menu name is the name of the FOND resource on the Macintosh 6 And finally choose to edit Macintosh FOND resource information for the suitcase by pressing the FOND Info button Obviously this button is available only when converting to Macintosh platform For more control of the font header information you need TransType Pro available as a separate product 43 Macintosh FOND Properties When you press the FOND Info button in the Properties dialog the FOND Info dialog appears in which you can change some parameters Properties FOND name Times New Roman Font Family Properties Fond ID 7234 Roman v Fixed width Font Ignore Fract Enable Do not use family Fraction C Do not adjust characters spacing use integer extra widths Font Family Metrics Calculate values automatically Ascent 891 Descent 216 O Use custom values Leading 42 E Max Width 1000 Style Mapping Flags v Font name needs coordinating v Font Family creates the outline by changing Paint type E v Font
35. e building of font suitcases when you convert families of PC fonts to Macintosh You can move fonts from one suitcase to another but in most cases it s unnecessary TransType does it for you TransType can automatically generate bitmap fonts when you convert to Macintosh Type 1 format TransType can convert multiple master Type 1 fonts either into single master or into multiple master Type 1 fonts or into TrueType fonts for any platform PC or Macintosh 5 You can quickly and easily preview the fonts that are not installed in your System 6 TransType can convert from VFB FontLab s internal format into TrueType or Type 1 7 TransType can also accept fonts in sit archives created with StuffIt Deluxe a popular Macintosh file archiver 8 TransType can read or write Macintosh files in industry standard MacBinary or BinHex formats Windows computers can t read native Macintosh files but with TransType you can import or export these specially formatted Macintosh files on your Windows computer and use them immediately TransType can also directly open Macintosh files if they are saved on a PC formatted diskette or Zip disk or are copied to a PC computer from a Macintosh through a network connection If you are using MacDrive you can access Macintosh formatted media supported by MacDrive In this document we assume that you have a basic knowledge of computer fonts font formats and encodings Refer to documents from the B
36. e list you can preview the source fonts and how they will be converted in a different encoding There is a plus sign to the left of each suitcase icon Click on this sign or the icon itself to see the contents of the suitcase Holding down the Ctrl key while you click will show the contents of all the suitcases in the list To have a look at the particular font character set double click the font icon not the suitcase icon in the Source or Destination list The font will open in the Preview window 1 Font Preview Source Destination 0020 0021 0022 0023 J Z 0067 0068 ghi j m 0077 0078 0079 007A 007B 007C 007D 007E Codepage Imported V Win Codepages Only Font Preview Window This window consists of two main parts the font character chart and the codepage options If you opened this window from the Destination Fonts list of the Main Window you will see the destination font character chart preview Switch between the source and destination preview by clicking on the corresponding tabs at the top of the chart 23 24 The character chart contains the font glyphs preview and their position in the currently selected encoding Each character has a caption with its Unicode index To see the code and the name of the particular character just move the mouse cursor to the character s cell gt 0037 0038 0033 Q0 78 9 gt of Index 37 Unicode 0037 Name seven
37. ed as the destination folder This is particularly useful for creating fonts in the Type 1 format 29 30 PC to Macintosh Conversion The following key points are important when PC fonts are converted to Macintosh format 1 Only Macintosh font files have a resource based structure 2 Fonts that belong to a font family have to be united in a Macintosh font suitcase structure 3 Type 1 font files on the Macintosh stay separate from the font suitcase files and are linked to the Macintosh font resources using name reference methods similarly to the implementation on the PC platform 4 Type 1 fonts on the Macintosh need to have at least one accompanying bitmap font file NFNT resource for each font style Encoding even for the Latin fonts is different on Macintosh and PC 6 Most PC fonts are encoded using Unicode but in some cases simulated encodings are used In order to simplify things we describe only TrueType to TrueType and Type to Type conversions in this section The differences of conversion between TrueType and Type 1 formats are described later in the TrueType lt Type 1 Conversion section When TransType converts fonts to Macintosh format it saves them in MacBinary or BinHex files You may choose what format to use in the General Font Files Naming Page of the Preferences dialog Output Format MacBinary bin O BinHex hqx TrueType Fonts When you add TrueType fonts to the Source fonts list
38. f the English alphabet In earlier days and on many older computers ASCII American Symbolic Code for Information Interchange was the standard symbol encoding for computing The ASCII encoding looks like this lt space gt 32 O 48 64 P 80 96 p 112 33 1 49 A 65 Q 81 a 97 q 13 34 2 50 B 66 R 82 b 98 r 114 35 3 51 C 67 8 83 c 99S 115 36 4 52 D 68 T 84d 100 t 116 96 37 5 53 E 69 U 85e 101 u 117 amp 38 6 54 F 70 V 86 f 102 v 118 39 7 55 G AW 87 g 103 W 119 40 8 56 H 72 X 88 h 104 x 120 41 9 57 I 73 Y 89 I 105 y 121 42 58 J 74 Z 90 j 106 z 122 43 59 K 75 91 k 107 1 123 44 60 L 76 N 92 1 108 124 45 61 M 77 93 m 109 1235 46 gt 62 N 78 94 n 110 126 47 63 O 79 _ 95 0 11 O 127 89 90 Notice that now a number its code is assigned to each character This is how the computer identifies the character Also notice that there are no characters 0 31 This code range is undefined meaning that its behavior is unpredictable When Unicode came along it adopted the ASCII encoding and just added to it FOND resource Macintosh terminology for the part of a Macintosh font that contains metrics information and describes the contents of a suitcase FontLab format see VFB format Glyph a graphic representation of a character An A may appear in many different ways
39. he PC fonts that will be created during processing are generated automatically following the 8 3 requirements this is necessary to maintain compatibility with older versions of Windows and DOS This option is customizable for Windows fonts in Preferences General Font Files Naming 19 20 Adding Macintosh Fonts Macintosh and PC have different file systems so to access traditional Macintosh pre MacOS X fonts on a PC you have to perform some additional steps or sometimes use third party programs This process is described in full detail in the Macintosh to PC Conversion chapter on page 59 and we strongly recommend you read it before trying to convert Macintosh font files with TransType After you have added fonts to the Source list they will appear according to their structure Thus Macintosh font suitcases appear as two level items and PC font files as separate files In the Destination list you will see the fonts in their post conversion form PC fonts that will be converted to Macintosh formats will appear united in suitcases Macintosh fonts converted to PC will keep their suitcase structure for easier navigation Associating PostScript Data Files On the Macintosh Type 1 fonts are defined in two files a suitcase file that contains data for the whole font family and a separate PostScript data file for each font So if you have a family of Type 1 fonts containing 3 styles you will have 4 files a suitcase file and a PostScript
40. her information about TransType browse to the TransType home page http www fontlab com Font tools TransType Use the following address to get support information TransType updates and downloads http www fontlab com Font tools FontLab Product Support In case of any questions about TransType or any other of our products use the form at http www fontlab com Font tools FontLab Product Support A Note on Intellectual Property Digital fonts are complex computer programs created with a good deal of hard work by individuals and companies They are valuable intellectual property and are protected by trademark copyright and patent laws The details and extent of this protection varies in different countries but the basics are as follows Trademark A font name and only the name may be trademarked Only the trademark owner or licensees may use the name to describe a font Copyright Computer programs are copyrighted In the U S A this happens automatically as soon as the program is written Further rights may be secured by registering the copyright Patent Some fonts if they are distinctive and unusual enough may be granted a design patent Only the patent holder or licensees may use this font design If you purchase a font and then modify it for your own use you are probably within the bounds of fair use and the font licensing agreement However if you modify a purchased font and then sell or distribute it you m
41. hod see the description of the General Conversion Options This option is on and embedded bitmap fonts are stripped by default When conversion of a Type 1 font into TrueType format is performed Type 1 hints must be converted into TrueType instructions This conversion can be done by two methods Default and Advanced The Default method is commonly used and always produces good results The Advanced method is sometimes better than the default method as it can produce delta hints Select the method of TrueType hints creation in the Level of automatic hinting pop up menu If No hinting item is selected there will be no hints in the destination TrueType font 4 Note TrueType hinting options will be ignored when conversion of TrueType to TrueType is performed 71 72 Font smoothing is a special technique for improving the appearance of TrueType fonts on the screen Font smoothing is used by the latest versions of the Windows operating system With this technique edges of the characters are rendered using shades of gray Font smoothing may be combined with a gridfitting method that optimizes the character s appearance by adjusting its outline The Font smoothing pop up menu lets you control the usage of these methods 1 Choose the Default option to apply smoothing and gridfitting methods in accordance with the following table Font size in screen pixels Methods 17 Both smoothing and gridfitting These
42. ibliography section for more advanced information and to Appendix A for the basics f Note Here and later when speaking about font formats we use the words PC and Windows as synonyms ser Interface TransType s Main Window consists of several parts the Source and Destination lists the Legend fields and the Command buttons Trans Type SE Source file resource Family Font name Destination file re Family font name a Camberic ttf Camberic 8 4 Camberic Camberic Times New Roman EEI Times New Times New Roman Times New Roman Times New Roman lt sfnt gt Times New Roman Bold b Times New Roman Bold lt sfnt gt Times New Roman Italic i Times New Roman Italic lt sfnt gt Times New Roman Bold Italic bi Times New Roman Bold Italic ui 4 Minion MM b Minion MM E pd Minion MM Minion MM a arial ttf Arial 8 a Arial Arial farai ara I amp EZ EZ E E EZ VY Legend Mac Suitcase Fonts Family saved in File Times New Roman PC fonts Family logical container Family is Times New Roman The font will be converted to MS Windows 1252 Western ANSI encoding Family is Times New Roman PF Fe P e fat fe m Registered to Alex TransType Main Window Source Fonts List The Source list contains the names of the fonts PC and Macintosh in TrueType FontLab VFB or Type 1 formats that you are going to convert You can convert all different kinds of fonts in one step and
43. iles with the source suitcases Usually however TransType does this automatically Check and define the encoding and codepage settings for all the fonts in the Source list if necessary The values selected in the Preferences dialog will be used by default If necessary change the destination font format if you are converting TrueType fonts to Type 1 or vice versa If necessary organize destination suitcases if you are converting PC fonts to Macintosh and adjust the fonts properties If the Convert button is disabled fix possible problems by following the recommendations located in the legend panel below the Destination Fonts list Press the Convert button 14 Converting a Sample Font In this section we will show you how to convert one of the Windows system fonts to Macintosh font format We will not provide a detailed description of all operations here it s provided later in the chapter but will show you the main points as an example 1 Open the Fonts folder in your Windows folder with the help of Explorer C windows fonts 2 Copy the Times New Roman font from the Fonts folder to the Desktop the Windows OS restricts access to the fonts in the Fonts folder so they are not directly available to TransType or to font editors 3 Drag and drop the font from the Desktop right onto the TransType application icon on your desktop or open TransType from your Programs menu and drag drop the font into the Source list T
44. ion But we will describe the most common and simple setting for the conversion process here in this section 25 General Conversion Options Click the Preferences button at the bottom of the Main Window and refer to the General Conversion Options Page of the Preferences dialog Preferences E General General Conversion Options Font Files Naming i j Defaults Perform conversions with minimal changes if possible Codepages amp Scripts Formats Font Families Packaging Always perform standard conversion method Safer way to convert fonts Generate Type 1 Metrics Remove all unmapped glyphs For single byte encoded fonts Macintosh Suitcase Generate TrueType Embedding amp Identification Works for TrueType to TrueType and Type 1 to Type 1 only OK Cancel Apply General Conversion Options Page of the Preferences Dialog These general options are quite important They actually switch between different conversion methods implemented in TransType Perform conversion If this option is selected TransType will try to use our with minimal changes old conversion engine first introduced in TransType 1 x if possible instead of the new FontLab conversion engine implemented in TransType 2 But switching on other options like Remove all unmapped glyphs or Always decompose composites will force TransType to use the standard conversion method anyway Moreover the usage of TransType 1 x engine is po
45. ir proper Unicode indexes This makes it very easy to determine to which languages they belong and how they can be used 2 Normal Symbol encoding The codes in the 0 255 range are mapped to symbolic or pictorial characters 3 Simulated Symbol encoding Symbol encoding is used to map normal alphabet characters of a language to the 0 255 codes 4 Simulated Unicode encoding Unicode indexes of the Latin language are used to map characters of some other language to the 0 255 codes Only encodings 1 and 2 normal Unicode and Symbol give full information about mapping codes to characters All other cases require you to make some additional definition s You must tell TransType which encoding is simulated by the Symbol or Latin Unicode indexes When TransType gets this information from you it can assign proper Unicode indexes to characters and treat this font as a case in our list Using this method we can limit the number of potential source encoding configurations to two Unicode and Symbol 33 34 Symbol Encoding Symbol encoding is usually used to map symbolic or pictorial characters to the 0 255 code space No reencoding is necessary when you convert such fonts to Macintosh format so TransType will simply copy the characters and you will use the same codes you used on the PC to access the characters Unicode Mapping In the case of Unicode mapping in the source font all we need to do is to convert this encoding according to the
46. lt option for the source encoding pop up menu TransType will try to convert character names to Unicode indexes and later apply Unicode based reencoding algorithms We recommend that you always use the names Unicode method unless you know that the source font has symbol or simulated encoding in which case you will manually select a codepage from the codepages list Remember that you may use the font preview feature to look at the encoding As in TrueType after you define the source codepage you should select a destination codepage to completely define the reencoding process All the characters now have some Unicode index assigned so you can follow the same process described in the TrueType section 51 52 Metrics Files TransType uses the following sequence to create known font metrics AFM INF PFM PFB If metrics for a particular character are not present in the PFM file then they are extracted from the font file PFB After conversion the metrics information is stored in the FOND resource as required by the Mac OS Here is a more detailed description of the algorithm that is applied by TransType to find a metrics file 1 Itlooks for the name AFM file name is the name of the PFB file name pfb located in the same folder If it locates the file it extracts the metrics from it 2 Ifthe AFM file is not present it looks for the name PFM file in the same folder and if the file is not found there in the PFM subfolder of the c
47. n our example in the editable text boxes 55 56 As you can see it is possible to generate as many font instances as you want from one multiple master font But this cannot be done in one step If you are going to generate several single master fonts from one multiple master font you must then enter a unique family name for each font you re creating in the Family Name field In both Font Name and Full Name postfixes always enter Regular Font Info Family Name MinWide Font Name MinWide Regular Full Name MinWide Regular Press the OK button when you are finished defining the instance of the multiple master font f Note If you select single master Type 1 or TrueType format in the destination Format submenu and do not manually specify the instance parameters in the Generate Instance dialog then TransType will produce the single master font using the default weight vector stored in the multiple master font To create a different instance you will need to manually specify the instance parameters Suitcases Suitcases containing referring to if speaking more precisely Type 1 fonts have no major differences from suitcases containing TrueType fonts sfnt resources so please refer to the TrueType section above for information about suitcase manipulations and font suitcase properties The only additional option that may be useful when converting PC Type 1 fonts is
48. ng Codepages Files containing definitions of the codepages that appear in the pop up menus are in the Program Files Common Files FontLab Codepage directory and have a simple text structure You can edit the existing files and make your own codepages following the structure of any existing file You may put the edited codepages in the Program Files Common Files TransType Codepage directory or in the My Documents FontLab TransType Codepage directory Note that only a limited number of codepages appear in the lists by default The full list of codepages appears if you hold down the Ctrl key while opening the pop up menu Bibliography TrueType OpenType and TrueType Open specifications from Microsoft http www microsoft com typography tt tt htm OpenType Specification http www microsoft com typography otspec default htm TrueType Specification by Apple http fonts apple com TTRefMan index html Adobe Type 1 Font File Specification http www adobe com supportservice devrelations PDFS TN T1_SPEC PDF Adobe s Glyph Naming for Type 1 Font Programs http www adobe com supportservice devrelations PDFS TN 5089_GlyphNaming pdf Unicode Consortium http www unicode org Inside Macintosh Text Font Manager http developer apple com techpubs mac Text Text 181 html Inside Macintosh Text Script Manager information related to scripts and languages http developer apple com techpubs mac Text Text 354 html Support For furt
49. nside a Macintosh font suitcase and doesn t have its own file name To the right of the font name you will see style icons which give you the information about the font s style Only 4 main styles can be recognized Font is Italic Font is Plain The Legend panel is located below the Source list It includes a short description of the currently selected item w7 Legend PC TrueType font stored as TTF File C Documents and Settings AlexiDesktoplFonts Folder arial ttf The style is Plain TransType will use LInicode amp table to detect encoding Font s Family is Arial and its Full name is Arial You can show or hide the Legend panel by clicking the triangle at the left Multiple selections are implemented in the Source list to make it possible to manage several fonts at once Use the Shift or the Ctrl key to select more than one item in the list Then right click on the selection instead of using the pop up menu buttons at the right of the font names 10 Destination Fonts List The Destination fonts list is located in the right part of the TransType Main Window Destination file re Family Font name 4 Camberic Camberic Epc Times New Times New Roman r TimesM Times New Roman Times Times Mew Roman Bold TimesM Times Mew Roman Italic TimesM Times New Roman Bold Italic e Siod tea MinionM Minion MM Italic xj MinionM Minion MM Roman a Aria Arial J lt sf
50. nt gt Arial a qq qmm Destination Fonts List The Destination list contains the names of fonts as they will look after conversion If you are converting PC fonts to Macintosh it will contain Macintosh font suitcases that will be automatically generated by TransType If you convert Macintosh fonts to PC then you ll see virtual font suitcases d that will contain PC font files united into a font family for easier maintenance in TransType Click or Ctrl Click on the icon or the plus sign to the left to open these suitcases and see their contents Icons in this list have the same meaning as in the Source fonts list Multiple selections are implemented in the Destination list too Use the Shift and the Ctrl keys to select more than one item in the list The Destination list also has a Legend panel located below which contains a brief description of the selected item Pop up Menus The items in Source and Destination lists may contain pop up buttons 9 located at the right of the font and suitcase names You can press these buttons to open pop up menus where you can set the destination format customize font conversion options call for a family properties dialog or manipulate individual fonts and their styles To manage several selected fonts at once right click on the selection instead of using the pop up buttons 11 Command Buttons Command buttons are located in the right bottom area of the Main Window kelot leko
51. nts in separate suitcases by checking Save each Macintosh font in its own suitcase on the Font Families Packaging Page of the Preferences dialog Font Families amp Packaging ag C Group Macintosh Fonts by MSMenuName C Group OpenType TT PS fonts by Alternative Family name C Save each Macintosh font in its own suitcase This is unusual and we do not recommend you switch on this option But if you do the Set style to Plain for each saved font option is recommended to simplify the usage of the fonts When this option is on all fonts that are placed in separate suitcases will have the plain style flag even if the original fonts are not plain 2 Exclude the font from the current suitcase and move it into the new one To do this position the mouse cursor on the font not suitcase you want to move and press the right mouse button or use the pop up button Select one of the commands in the pop up menu Move item to a new suitcase to move the font from the current suitcase to the new suitcase that will contain only this font Move item to to open the Select Destination dialog box and choose a destination suitcase Select Destination Move font s to MESE New Font name Select Destination Dialog box In the Select Destination dialog box select the suitcase to which you want to move the font in the Move font s to pop up menu or select New Suitcase to extract the font into a new empty suitcase Ch
52. pe font Suitcase Macintosh terminology for a file which contains information about a font or family of fonts Table A set of data defining behaviors or relationships of a font Digital fonts contain not only the drawings of their characters but also information about how those characters should behave Information about the spacing on each side of a character metrics how close particular characters should be to each other kerning CMaps and many other things can be kept in tables in a font TrueType A font format using quadratic b spline mathematics to describe glyph outlines Developed and promulgated by Microsoft and Apple Computer Type 1 Adobe Type 1 PostScript Type 1 A font format using cubic b spline mathematics to describe glyph outlines Developed and promulgated by Adobe Systems Unicode range The portion of Unicode dealing with a particular language or script E g the Hebrew range the Cyrillic range the extended Latin range Unicode range is not limited to 256 characters It is usually a contiguous part of Unicode VFB format the internal format of FontLab products 91
53. ransType will be launched and you will see its Main Window with the Times New Roman font in the Source list TransType SE e TransType Source filelresource Family Font name Destination filefresource Family Font name fj times thf Times New Roman 4 A Times New Rom Times New Roman K 4 Look at the Destination Fonts list Press the pop up menu button to the right of the font name and observe the menu contents Codepage gt Script gt Mac Type 1 Win TrueType Win Type 1 Properties Destination Format Submenu As you can see there is an option to change the destination font format Let s for example select the Mac Type 1 option in the Format submenu The Times New Roman font will be converted from Windows TrueType to PostScript Type format for Macintosh in this case 5 Now you must select the encoding for the fonts you are going to generate Press the pop up menu button for the second time and select the MacOS Roman codepage in the Codepage submenu Codepage w Use default Script Ld Leave as is Format MacOS Arabic MacOS CentralEurope MacOS Croatian MacOS Cyrillic MacOS Farsi MacOS Greek MacOS Hebrew MacOS Icelandic MacOS Roman MacOS Romanian MacOS Turkish MacOS X Greek v2 Loizos Properties Destination Codepage Submenu 15 16 As the source Times New Roman font is a Unicode font you needn t define the encoding for it in the Source Fonts lis
54. rmed All old hinting information is preserved in this case But when conversion from TrueType is performed the are two ways to deal with hints 1 To not generate hinting information in a new Type 1 font Select No Hinting in the Level of autohinting pop up menu The font will loose quality in this case 2 To use the special autohinting algorithms that convert TrueType instructions into Type hints Select Default Level item in the Level of autohinting pop up menu This option is set by default Metrics Options Refer to the Generate Type 1 Metrics Page of the Preferences dialog Type 1 Metric Files Create PFM metrics File Create AFM amp INF metrics File L Use Family name as Menu name in PFM amp INF C Create AFM metrics File For Mac Type 1 Generate Type 1 Metrics Page ofthe Preferences Dialog Create PFM metrics If this option is checked TransType will save metrics Windows only in a PFM file when converting for Windows This option is on by default Create AFM amp INF If this option is checked TransType will create AFM metrics Windows and INF files when creating Type 1 for Windows This only option is on by default Create AFM metrics for If this option is checked TransType will create a Macintosh Type 1 separate AFM metrics file for Macintosh Type 1 This option is off and metrics are saved to the main PostScript font file by default Use Family name as If this option is checked TransType will write
55. rning information of Type 1 characters on the PC is located in separate metrics files PFM or AFM 3 Thereare no multiple master TrueType fonts Changing Font Format By default PC Type 1 fonts will be converted to Macintosh Type 1 but you can change the destination font format Press the pop up menu button located at the right of the suitcase name in the Destination list to open the following pop up menu Codepage gt Script gt Mac TrueType w Mac Type 1 Properties Win Type 1 Destination Format Pop up Menu Select the platform and the type for destination font Tip You can change the default destination platform and format in the Defaults Formats Page of the Preferences dialog Reencoding Type 1 fonts also must be reencoded when converting from PC to Macintosh To simplify this process and make it similar to the one used when TrueType fonts are processed TransType automatically assigns Unicode indexes to all characters in a Type 1 font using a special table containing thousands of name Unicode pairs This way TransType can correctly handle Type 1 fonts that have more than 256 characters Note that this name Unicode method works correctly only when characters in a Type 1 font have correct PostScript names In cases when names are assigned incorrectly for example characters from a non Latin language using Latin character names another method is used similar to the one that we described above when talking about
56. rueType font format includes a special setting that can control font embedding There are four types of font embedding Only printing and The font may be embedded but editing of the previewing document it contains is not allowed This selection is is allowed set by default Editing of the document The font may be embedded and the document that is allowed contains the font may be viewed printed and edited Everything is allowed After the document is opened the font works as if it was installed in the system 73 74 You cannot reduce or remove the embedding restrictions that were set in the source font by the original creator of the font You can either leave the embedding restrictions unchanged or set the restrictions higher For example if the original font has the embedding level Editing of the document is allowed and you change the level to Everything is allowed in the Preferences dialog then in the output font the original embedding level will be retained rather than the one you set But if you change the embedding level to Not allowed then the embedding in the output font will be changed Additionally you can use the Allow subsetting and the Bitmap embedding only options for more control of the embedding fonts into documents The Default font s vendor pop up allows you to set the special up to four letter length code that is assigned to most TrueType producers to identify their fonts An uppercase vendor code must be registered
57. sed to change the destination platform or font format Properties Select this command to open the Properties dialog where you can customize the properties of the destination font 37 38 Assigning the Codepage In the Codepage submenu you can see three common commands and a list of Macintosh codepage names Use Default Use the destination codepage selected as the default in the Preferences dialog Unicode Is not usable in the case described here Leave as is Do not reencode the source font any selection in the Source list pop up menu is ignored A list of potential codepages to which the font can be reencoded follows these three commands The number of available codepages depends on the number of characters in the font When TransType finally gets the information about the Unicode indexes to which the font characters are mapped from the font or after you have assigned a codepage to the source font it knows which destination codepages this font can support and shows only these codepages in the destination encodings menu Tip To force TransType to include all the possible codepages press and hold down the Ctrl key Tip It is possible to change the destination codepage for multiple selected items in the Destination list at once But you must right click on the selection instead of using the pop up menu button at the right of the font name Assigning a Script Code After you have selected the source and destina
58. ssible only for conversion from Type 1 to Type 1 and TrueType to TrueType Always perform If this option is selected TransType will use the new standard conversion FontLab conversion engine This conversion algorithm method allows you to convert Type 1 to TrueType and vice versa and vfb files to other formats The standard method may be used even when this option is off and another method is selected Remove all If this option is checked TransType will remove those unmapped glyphs for glyphs of the source font that are not referenced by the single byte encoded destination codepage The new font will become more fonts compact This option is off and all characters preserved by default If it is on it is ignored when the Perform optimal conversion method option is also on 27 Destination File Options When TransType converts fonts to Macintosh format it saves them in MacBinary bin or BinHex hqx files You may choose what format to use in the General Font Files Naming Page of the Preferences dialog Font Files Naming Output Format MacBinary bin BinHex hqx Create Windows Font File names short 8 3 v Use the General Font Files Naming Page of the Preferences dialog to define the file naming scheme for Windows output fonts Create Windows Font file names Short 8 3 v Short 8 3 Long based on PS Font Name Long based on Full Font Name The options described here are used for generating
59. t Click on the button at the bottom of TransType Main Window to start the conversion process If you haven t defined the default destination directory in the Preferences dialog TransType will ask you to choose the destination for the fonts generated Select directory Please select conversion destination directory Desktop E B My Documents sg EA 3 5 Floppy A we Local Disk C 4 CD Drive D i H Shared Documents H Alex s Documents a My Network Places C3 48031 cambericgoodbad C3 CorpidPs C3 CorpidTT gt Fante Felder v Select Directory Dialog box We recommend you create a new directory for the destination fonts This will help when more than one font consisting of more than one file are converted at a time In any case select the destination directory and press the OK button TransType will create two files in MacBinary format one with the Macintosh PostScript and another with the Macintosh suitcase Both files will be needed to install the font on a Macintosh 8 After the conversion process has finished the Source and the Destination Fonts lists remain so that you can convert the same fonts to another format or with other settings if you want To finish working with TransType press the rightmost button g at the bottom of the Main Window and the program will quit OK so now you know how to do a simple PC gt Mac conversion It s time to look at TransType s features in detail 17
60. the Defaults Formats Page of the Preferences dialog and can be changed You have also the option to change the destination platform and format in the destination Format pop up menu or in the Font Properties dialog and convert for instance Win TrueType to Win TrueType or Mac Type 1 to Mac Type 1 Why would you want to do this 1 To change a font s encoding 2 To decompose composites in a font 3 To compact fonts by removing extra glyphs etc f Note Not all the options from the Generate Type 1 and Generate TrueType sections of the Preferences dialog work when conversion within one format is performed For example hinting options never work in such cases Technical Details Here we ll add some technical details for professional TransType users With the information contained here you can customize some of TransType s features and better understand how it works 78 Type 1 Fonts TransType opens every Type font being converted and partially interprets it to extract the names of all the characters present in the font and the information about the characters widths Note that information about the characters bounding boxes is not extracted so when Macintosh fonts are converted to PC and an AFM file is generated the font bounding box is used instead of character bounding boxes Information about the mapping of PostScript names of characters to Unicode indexes is located in the Standard nam file located in the Program Files
61. tion codepages assign a script code to the font using the Script submenu Note that for most Macintosh encodings when you select the destination codepage TransType will automatically select the correct script code Tip If you have multiple selection in the Destination list your choice will be applied to all selected fonts But you must right click on the selection instead of using the pop up menu button at the right of the family name Use the Defaults Codepages amp Scripts Page of the Preferences dialog to select the script code that will be used by default Default destination script Roman v To summarize the process of font reencoding 1 TransType determines the Unicode indexes of all the characters in the source font It does this automatically if the source font has a valid Unicode table or with your help when you select the source encoding in the source pop up menu 2 Depending on the selection you made in the Destination list s pop up menu TransType maps up to 256 Unicode indexes to the 0 255 code space as is required by the Mac OS 3 A script code is assigned to the font accordingly to the selected Script 39 40 Customizing Suitcases When you convert several fonts that form a font family on a PC TransType will automatically combine these fonts into a Macintosh font family suitcase If for some reason you don t want TransType to do this you have the following options 1 Force TransType to put all fo
62. to force TransType to generate suitcases by checking and using the MSMenuName fields in the inf files This option named Group Macintosh fonts by MSMenuName is located on the Font Families Packaging Page of the Preferences dialog Font Families amp Packaging Boag C Group Macintosh Fonts by MSMenuName C Group OpenType TT PS fonts by Alternative Family name C Save each Macintosh Font in its own suitcase 57 58 Bitmap Fonts Any Type 1 font on the Macintosh must have at least one accompanying bitmap font TransType will automatically build a bitmap font when you convert to Macintosh Type 1 format and it can do so using one of two methods 1 FreeType rasterizer built into TransType This is the default and the only choice if you do not have ATM installed in Windows Mac Type 1 Suitcase Building Generate Bitmap Sizes 12 24 e g 12 14 18 User bitmap rasterizer BuilE In FreeType v C Create suitcases with merged styles Mac Suitcase Building Options 2 IfATM is present we highly recommend you to select it in the Use bitmap rasterizer pop up menu It s the best way to automatically make professional quality Macintosh Type 1 fonts that will work smoothly everywhere f Note PC bitmap fonts and font sets aren t converted to Macintosh bitmap fonts with TransType You sometimes may need to create a so called ATR compatible suitcase You can do this if you switch on the Create suitcases with merge
63. urce font For example if the source font is encoded as a symbol font but you know that actually it is a Cyrillic font you should choose the MS Windows 1251 Cyrillic codepage in the pop up menu and TransType will assign the correct Unicode indexes to all characters If you know that the source font is really a Symbol or pictorial font select any item in this menu it doesn t matter f Note When a definition of the source codepage is necessary but none is selected the default value is set to Unspecified and Use Default is selected in the pop up menu TransType will color the font s name in red and will disable the Convert button until you specify the source encoding of the font Defining the Destination Encoding When you define the source encoding for a TrueType font you may also define the destination encoding Press the pop up menu button located at the right of the suitcase name in the Destination list to open the following pop up menu v Use defaut Script d Leave asis Format MacOS Arabic MacOS CentralEurope MacOS Croatian MacOS Cyrillic MacOS Farsi MacOS Greek MacOS Hebrew MacOS Icelandic MacOS Roman MacOS Romanian MacOS Turkish MacOS X Greek v2 Loizos Properties Destination Codepage Pop up Menu The menu contains the following items Codepage Used to assign a destination codepage to the font Script Select the script identifier for the font as required by the Mac OS Format U
64. urrent folder 3 Ifthe PFM file is found it reads the kerning and metrics data from it Then TransType opens the PFB file and partially interprets it to extract the metrics for the characters that are not covered by the PFM Multiple Master Fonts TransType can convert multiple master fonts into virtually any format or platform After you have added a PC multiple master Type 1 font to the Source Fonts list for conversion TransType automatically prepares to convert it to a multiple master Type 1 font for Macintosh as set in the Defaults Formats Page of the Preferences dialog You can see this in the Destination fonts list of the Main Window To change the format press the pop up menu button to the right of the suitcase name in the destination list and use the Format submenu Codepage gt Script gt Mac TrueType Mac Type 1 Properties Win Type 1 w Mac Multiple Master Win Multiple Master Destination Format Pop up Menu 53 54 As with other fonts in the list you can select the Properties command for greater control of output formatting The familiar Properties dialog box appears T Properties Destination Format Mac Type 1 v FOND Info Instance Family name Menu name PS Font name Minion MM Minion MM MinionMM It ga Minion MM Minion MM MinionMM v Menu Name Font Properties Dialog box You can change font style attributes and the FOND properties here in the same way as for the True
65. ut the middle Font family doesn t This option is switched on if the font family disallows allow simulation of simulating the Bold style by smearing the glyphs the bold style Font family This option is switched on if the font family simulates the simulates the bold Bold style by increasing the point size style by increasing point size Font family doesn t This option is switched on if the font family disallows allow simulation of simulating the Italic style the italic style This option is switched on if the font family disallows allow simulation of automatic simulation of the style Condensed the condensed style Font family doesn t This option is switched on if the font family disallows allow simulation of automatic simulation of the style Extended the extended style This option is switched on if the font family should have have no additional no additional spacing other than the space character intercharacter spacing To get full information about the parameters represented in the FOND Info dialog refer to Inside Macintosh Text Font Manager f Note If you are not a professional typographer be very careful when changing the FOND Info options 47 48 Type 1 Fonts Conversion of PC Type 1 fonts to the Macintosh format is similar to the TrueType conversion process with the following differences 1 The characters in Type 1 fonts are identified by names not Unicode indexes 2 The metrics and ke
66. way represents a Macintosh file on the PC or other platforms Unfortunately there is no such standard format protocol Many network protocols are limited to accessing only the data fork of Macintosh files and that is not sufficient to read Macintosh fonts TransType tries many different ways to access Macintosh files through a network but sometimes it just isn t possible In this case or if you re not accessing the files over a network you will need to do a manual conversion There are several ways of delivering your Macintosh fonts to a PC without any loss of data e Single file MacBinary or BinHex intermediate format e Email attachment PC formatted diskette ZIP or MO disks e MacDrive utility and Mac formatted disks or CDs HFS only e Through some special networking utilities and some Networking Operating Systems e Single Macintosh StuffIt archive Single file MacBinary or BinHex intermediate format The simplest way to deliver a Macintosh file to a PC is to convert it into a MacBinary or BinHex file These formats were developed for transferring Macintosh files through a heterogeneous network environment When a Macintosh file is being converted into one of these intermediate formats all its data and resource forks are stored into a single file along with other Mac OS related information When it is converted back its data and resources are restored as they were originally created on the Macintosh The difference between MacBinary and

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