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1. rdbLine Checked True And rdbBar Checked Fals Then g FillEllipse Brushes Red x start 5 y start 5y 0120 g DrawString i 1 Font Brushes Red x_start 4 y start 15 g FillEllipse Brushes Red x end 5 y end 5 10 10 g DrawString i 2 Font Brushes Red x end 4 y end 15 g DrawLine pen x start y start x end y end ElseIf rdbBar Checked True And rdbLine Checked False Then g FillRectangle Brushes Green x start y start x graph 2 LapTime i Graph scale g FillRectangle Brushes Green x end y end x graph 2 LapTime i 1 Graph scale g DrawString i 1 Font Brushes Red x start x graph 20 y start 10 g DrawString i 2 Font Brushes Red x end x graph 20 y end 10 End If Next i End If End Sub Private Sub Karvonen Dim MaxHR MinHR TotalHR index As Single index CurrentDay While HRrest index 0 index 1 RestingHR HRrest index End While MinHR 220 Age RestingHR 0 5 RestingHR MaxHR 220 Age RestingHR 0 85 RestingHR 0 While LapHR i lt gt 0 TotalHR 1 End While AverageHR TotalHR i If AverageHR gt MinHR And AverageHR lt MaxHR Then txtEvaluation Text Good Else If AverageHR gt MaxHR Then txtEvaluation Text Bad ElseIf AverageHR lt MinHR Then txtEvaluati
2. txtName Text Nothing cmbName Text Nothing Exit Sub End If Dim FileWriter As StreamWriter If File Exists ListPath 8 amp Client name amp end Tru Then FileWriter New StreamWriter ListPath amp Current end False FileWriter WriteLine Client name FileWriter WriteLine txtAge Text FileWriter Close Clear Fields chkSelect Checked Fals Me Hide frmEndurance Show Else MessageBox Show No such Client exists in our database Selecting Client 0 MessageBoxIcon Exclamation 0 0 False End If End Sub ByVal e As EventArgs _ Handles chkSelect CheckedChanged cmbName Visible chkSelect Checked btnSelect Enabled chkSelect Checked btnDelete Enabled chkSelect Checked If chkSelect Checked True Then txtName Visible False Clear Fields List Clients Elself chkSelect Checked False Then txtName Visible True Clear Fields End If End Sub Private Sub cmbName_SelectedIndexChanged System Object ByVal e As EventArgs _ Handles cmbName SelectedIndexChanged Dim FileReader As StreamReader Private Sub chkSelect_CheckedChanged ByVal sender As System Object ByVal sender As FileReader New StreamReader ListPath amp amp cmbName SelectedItem ToString amp end 108 Inst Fals Inst As E
3. programming clock Digital In circuit debugzer and ICSP programming data PORTC is a bidirectional port Digital Timer oscillator output Timer extemal clock input Digital Timer oscillator input Om URDU MM gi Digital Capturel input Comparel output PWM output Digital Synchronous serial clock input output for SPI mode Synchronous serial clock input output for LC mode Digital LO SPI data in bC data VO Digital rO SPI datz out Ground reference for logic and pin Positive supply for logic and pins X This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when used in Serial Programming mode 3 This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured in RC Oscillator mode and a CMOS input otherwise 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS39582B paze 9 125 16 87 1 3 Connects to crystal or resonator in Crystal Oscillator mode In RC mode OSC2 pin outputs CLKO which has 1 4 the frequency of OSC and denotes the instruction cycle rate Master Clear input or programming voltage output Master Clear Reset input This pin is active low Reset to the device Programming voltage input PORTA is a bidirectional port Digital LO Analozinput 0 Digital Analoginput 1 Digital Analoginput2 reference voltase Low input Comparator VREF output Digital LO Anal log input 3 A D
4. ByVal ByVal sender As System Object ByVal ByVal sender As System Object TextChanged ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles txtContact TextChanged Invalid Value sender End Sub Private Sub frmInfo FormClosing ByVal e As EventArgs Handles MyBase FormClosed ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As End Sub Private Sub frmInfo Load ByVal sender As System Object tArgs Handles MyBase Load Clear Fields If Directory Exists ListPath False Then Dim DirHandler As New DirectoryInfo ListPath DirHandler Create End If If File Exists ListPath amp Index end False Then Dim FileCreator As New FileInfo ListPath amp Index end FileCreator Create End If End Sub ick ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e blank False 107 txtContact TextLength lt gt 11 txtContact TextLength lt gt 7 And txtContact TextLength lt gt 0 Then MessageBox Show Please follow the format of the contact number as it will be used for verifications or inquiries MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False txtContact Text 09273233227 Exit Sub End If If Client name ToString Length lt 9 Or CompareMethod Text 0 Then Client s Info 0 wow InStr Client name MessageBox Show Please follow the given format for your name and make sure it s valid Client s Info _ 0 MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False
5. 0 Q Reader ReadLin FileReade Curren If Cur LX End If txtDays txtCur Een Te nt tDay 1 Close Today DayOfYear InitialDay lt gt 1 Then Enabled False xt Training Length txtDistanc Else CurrentDay Text CurrentDay e Text Distance 1 txtCurrent End If IO File Exi Text 8 train n txtName Text CurrentDay sts DataPath amp amp CurrentDay amp amp o amp end True Then FileSelect End If End Sub Private Sub If File Exists True Then Load Graph Else nd Radio Tru Button DataPath amp Dayl_ 4 txtName Text amp train no 8 0 100 MessageBox Show You currently have data to graph Loading Graph 0 MessageBoxIcon Stop 0 0 False pcbGraph Refresh End If End Sub Private Sub frmEndurance VisibleChanged ByVal sender System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles Me VisibleChanged Initialize Data rdbLine Select Redraw Graph End Sub Private Sub frmEndurance FormClosing ByVal sender As Object ByVal e As FormClosingEventArgs Handles Me FormClosing If txtRest Text lt gt Nothing Then RestingHR txtRest Text Else GoTo Skip End If If RestingHR lt 50 Or RestingHR gt 100 Then MessageBox Show Invalid Resting Heart Rate must be within 50 and 100 bea
6. cient EE Client Edit Training Information Information Figure 3 5 Activity Diagram 30 Before training the software application must be installed in a PC given together with the hardware After successfully plugging in the USB flash drive the user can choose between managing clients trainings or training history and then can end the current activity In the course of managing client information the user can choose to select or exit the form to end his current activity 31 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS 0 047 47 WA 8 8 22 470pF 10kQ L GN WAV dn Jr 33kO 33kO I 4 Microphone toa 78L05 1N4148 100nF 22kQ PIC16F877A QFP44 vo p 100ni 100nF iL IH Figure 3 6 Schematic Diagram of the Wrist Device 32 The stethoscope is connected with condenser microphone so that the sound it collects will be converted to an AC wave signal The designers used cascaded JFET operational amplifiers to amplify the sign wave with minimal noise From the formula A R2 47 22 2 14 the will approximately double the input signal of the Low Noise Microphone Pre Amplifier For the Sallen Key Butterworth Amplifier we used the formula fc 1 29 VR1xR2xC1x C2 fc 1 27 33 x 33kOQ x 0 047 pf x 0 047 pf fc 102 6144 Hz to determine the maximum frequency the amplifier will ac
7. 9 c 2008 inc Al rights Tiered he Wher Mates and Thee PRO are 91001471 MI CET AB che balata om he propety d fur Fo ees Dari 114 A78A00 SERIES POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS 50101 JANUARY 1976 REVISED JULY 1999 3 Terminal Regulators D PACKAGE Output Current up to 100 m vee 5 No External Components Internal Thermal Overload Protection OUTPUT INPUT Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting COMMON COMMON Direct Replacements for Fairchild lt A78A00 COMMON 1 i COMMON Series NC i i NC NC No intemal connection description This series of fixed voltage integrated circuit TOP VIEW voltage regulators is designed for a wide range of applications These applications include on card INPUT regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single point regulation COMMON In addition they can be used with power pass OUTPUT elements to make high current voltage regulators One of these regulators can deliver up to 100 mA of output current The internal limiting and TO 226AA thermal shutdown features of these regulators make them essentially immune to overload When PK PACKAGE used as a replacement for a zener diode resistor TOP VIEW combination an effective improvement in output impedance can be obtained together with lower INPUT bias current COMMON The xA78A00X series i
8. Then Clie FileReader ReadLine txtAge Text FileReader ReadLine temp FileReader ReadLine If temp n a Then txtContact Text Nothing Else txtContact Text temp End If gender FileReader ReadLine FileReader Close If gender Male Then rdbMale Checked Tru Elself rdb End If End Sub Private Sub ByVal e As Even I Fh b Exi lself 1 1 gender Female Then Female Checked Tru txtName TextChanged ByVal sender As System Object tArgs Handles txtName TextChanged txtName TextLength lt 7 And txtName TextLength gt 0 Then InStr t r txtName T 1 ElseIf _ InStr t r txtName T End Sub Private Sub ventArgs H Check Text Nothing t Sub txtName Text Nothing Then Check Text Pleas nter a name t Sub Exists ListPath 8 8 txtName Text amp end True xtName Text CompareMethod Text lt gt 0 And ext CompareMethod Text 0 Then Check Text Name is not available File Exists ListPath amp amp txtName Text amp end xtName Text CompareMethod Text lt gt 0 And ext CompareMethod Text 0 Then Check Text Name is available InStr txtName Text CompareMethod Text lt gt 0 Then lCheck T
9. lt 8Vto 25V 500mA 7 5V to 20V TJ 25 Ripple Rejection f 20r 500 Dropoutvotage 1021A T3256 omues fre 2 Note 1 Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature Change in VO due to heating effects must be taken into account separately Pulse testing with low duty isused 160 78 78 Typical Perfomance Characteristics JUNCTION TEMPERATURE C INPUT OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL V 20 161 78 78 Typical Applications Figure 5 DC Parameters Figure 6 Load Regulation Figure 7 Ripple Rejection Figure 8 Fixed Output Regulator 21 162 KA78XX KA78XXA A Figure 9 Constant Current Regulator Notes 1 To specify an output voltage substitute voltage value for XX A common groundis required between the input andthe Output voltage The input voltage must remain typically 2 0V above the output voltage even during the low point on the input ripple voltage 2 Clis requiredif regulator is located an appreciable distance from power Supply filter 3 CO improves stability andtransientresponse l z VO VXX 1 R2 R1 1QR2 Figure 10 Circuit for Increasing Output Voltage VO VXX 14R2 R1 HQR2 Figure 11 Adjustable Output Regulator 7to 30V 22 163 APPENDIX Software Developm
10. EE WD TYP ema er 3 PEE RC 15 paz ee __ 10 12 135 12 135 Full range 256 3E HE m auc m 120 1 Input bias currents of an FET input normal junction reverse currents which 5 2 5 5 5 in Figure 4 Pulse techniques must be used that will maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible characteristics are measured under open loop conditions with zero common mode voltage unless otherwise specified Full range is 55 to 125 C 49 5 INSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE 655303 DALLAS TEXAS 75255 155 TL071 TLO71A 11 071 TL072 1L072A 072 TL074 TL074A TL074B LOWCNOISE JFETCINPUT OPERATIONAL SEPTEMBER 1978 REVISED MARCH 2005 operating characteristics 515 25 C MN Slew rate at unity gain Rise time overshoot PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION T CL 100 pF Figure 1 Unity Gain Amplifier Figure 2 Gain of 10 Inverting Amplifier 071 IN OUT IN N2 Figure 3 Input Offset Voltage Null Circuit 48 Texas INSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS TEXAS 75255 9 156 78 78 Electrical Characteristics KA7805A Refer to the test circuits 0 C lt TJ lt 125 C lo 21A
11. this design is through an improvised stethoscope Ohyama et al 2007 based their studies on using the Karvonen formula and the rating of their actual actions The electric cart was installed by a knob that allows the driver to continuously vary the pedal load between the exhausting and assisted modes A gain scheduling cart control system is designed that will guarantee the stability of the cart system for any pedal load in the allowed range and a stability condition is derived using dynamic parallel distributed compensation They determined the perspective of ergonomics based on the Karvonen formula since it assists the person s physical condition that will be using in the electric cart According to the research Monitoring Athletes Physiological Responses to Endurance Training with Genomic wide Expression Data it is a system of fixed effect regression modeling for genome wide expression data from DNA microarray hybridization This research was accepted last September 2 2007 In monitoring athletes physiological responses to endurance training statistical methods in longitudinal or matched case control data analysis were discussed Ilene Chen Ling Hong Tseng Hiroto Homma Hong Yan and L Lloyd Keith used the technique called fixed effect regression modeling in identifying the significant differential expressed genes with endurance training induced muscle contraction 11 They also used fixed effect logistic regression modeli
12. xt Nothing he corresponding field Private Sub SaveData xt Nothing Or txtRest Text Nothing Then xists DataPath amp Day 8 CurrentDay amp 6 txtName Text amp train no amp end False Then data Saving Traini Exit End If InitialDa Training FileWrit MessageBox Show Current Day has no graph to record ng 0 MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False Sub Dim FileWriter As StreamWriter y Today DayOfYear CurrentDay Length txtDays Text txtName Text amp train FileWrite FileWrite FileWrite FileWrite FileWrite Load Grap Dim RestT If txtRes Exit End If Dim CharT New StreamWriter DataPath amp Initial_ 6 no amp end WriteLine WriteLine WriteLine txtName Text InitialDay Training Length FoU T DX WriteLine Distance Close h emp MainStr As String t Text Nothing Then Sub emp 255 As Char Dim FileReader As StreamReader FileReader New StreamReader DataPath amp Day 6 CurrentDay amp amp txtName Text amp train no amp end MainStr FileReader ReadToEnd FileReader Close Pos InStr MainStr CompareMethod Text If Pos lt gt 0 Then FileReader New StreamReader DataPath amp Day 6 CurrentDay amp amp txtName Text amp train no amp end FileReader Read CharTemp 0 Pos 1
13. 3 0 5 100 7 0 keytemp Break Endif PORTB 4 1 5 0 6 1 If 0 0 Then 5 100 7 1 while 0 0 wend 5 100 PORTB 7 0 keytemp 2 Break ElseIf PORTB 1 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 1 0 wend DelayMS 100 7 0 keytemp 5 Break ElseIf PORTB 2 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 2 0 wend DelayMS 100 7 0 keytemp 8 Break ElseIf PORTB 3 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while 3 0 5 100 7 0 80 keytemp 0 Break Endif PORTB 4 1 PORTB 5 1 PORTB 6 0 If PORTB 0 0 Then DelayMS 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 0 0 wend DelayMS 100 7 0 keytemp 3 Break ElseIf PORTB 1 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 1 0 wend DelayMS 100 7 0 keytemp 6 Break ElseIf PORTB 2 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 2 0 wend 5 100 7 0 keytemp 9 Break ElseIf PORTB 3 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 3 0 wend DelayMS 100 PORTB 7 0 keytemp Break EndIf 4 0 5 1 PORTB 6 1 wend Return End 81 Software Application Form Scripts History Form Imports System IO Imports System Drawing Public Class frmBrowse Dim g As Graphics Definition for creating graphi
14. Shows the message box for the replacement scenario If response MsgBoxResult Ok Then OK button is selected CopyFile Replace the existing with the one inputted on the form SaveData Updates the reference for the length and first day of training Load Graph Draw the a graph from the current day down to the first day Else Load Graph End If Elself CurrentDay Training Length And txtDays Text Nothing Then the current day is out of range of the recent training coverage response MessageBox Show Today has exceeded the training length Do you want to start a amp _ new training with the selected file as your initial day Browsing File _ MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Question 0 0 False Show the message box to prompt for a new training or browse 92 response MsgBoxResult Yes Then YES option is selected CurrentDay 1 training means the current day is the first day txtCurrent Text CurrentDay txtDays Text 1 txtDays Enabled True enables control of the textbox to further allow a new entry For Me x 1 To 32767 If File Exists DataPath amp Initial_ 6 txtName Text amp x amp end False Then train no x Exit For End If Next x 1 SaveData Load_Graph ElseIf response MsgBoxResult C
15. Update or Select Add Update or Select Add Update or Select Resting di Add Update or Select Resting Heart Rate Not Add Update or Select in Range Gender is blank Add Update or Select Delete Clients Form Expected Test Case Entry Condition Output Clients Name is blank Select Delete Client Name is invalid Select Delete Actual Output Please enter a name Name is not available Name is available Client added to the list Illegal Characters in path Please enter a valid name Do not leave required fields blank Do not leave required fields blank Do not leave required fields blank Invalid Resting Heart Rate must be within 50 to 100 Do not leave required fields blank Actual Output No such Client exists in our database Client and associated records 193 have been deleted Trainings Form Expected Test Case Entry Condition Actual Output Output No Data Selected Select Evaluate No graph to get data from Length of training days The minimum number of training Select Refresh Error Message is blank or less than 12 days is 12 You do not have anything to No Data Selected Select Refresh Error Message reload Invalid Selected File Select Browse For File Error Message Invalid File Format Format Only numerical inputs are Invalid Input Training Length Error Message required Today has exceeded the training Training Length length Do you want to start a Selec
16. x allowance x graph i 1 y_end y allowance y graph LapTime i 1 graph_scale LapTime i Mod 5 0 Then AdaptInteger i g DrawString LapTime i Font Brushes White IntAdapt pcbGraph Location X x scroll y start 5 End If If LapTime i 1 Mod 5 0 Then AdaptInteger i 1 g DrawString LapTime i 1 Font Brushes White IntAdapt pcbGraph Location X x scroll y end 5 End If If rdbLine Checked True And rdbBar Checked False Then g FillEllipse Brushes Red x start 5 y start 5 10 10 g DrawString i 1 Font Brushes Red x start 4 y start 15 g FillEllipse Brushes Red x end 5 y end 5 10 10 g DrawString i 2 Font Brushes Red x end 4 y end 15 g DrawLine pen x start y start x end y end Elself rdbBar Checked True And rdbLine Checked Fals Then g FillRectangle Brushes Green x start y start x graph 2 LapTime i graph scale g FillRectangle Brushes Green x end y end x graph 2 LapTime i 1 graph scale g DrawString i 1 Font Brushes Red x start x graph 20 y start 10 g DrawString i 2 Font Brushes Red x end x graph 20 y end 10 End If Next i End Sub Private Sub Load Training Name Dim FileReader As StreamReader FileReader New StreamReader ListPath amp cmbName Items Clear While Not FileReader EndOfStream cmbName Items Add FileReader ReadLin End While FileReader Close cmbN
17. 09273233227 Exit Sub End If If Client name ToString Length lt 9 Or InStr Client name CompareMethod Text 0 Then MessageBox Show Please follow the given format for your name and make sure it s valid Client s Info 0 MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False Dim Mains txtName Text Nothing cmbName Text Nothing Exit Sub End If If rdbMale Checked True Then gender Male ElseIf rdbFemale Checked True Then gender Female End If Dim FileWriter As StreamWriter Dim FileReader As StreamReader tr As String If File Exists ListPath 8 NV amp Client name amp end Tru Then MessageBox Show Client s Info Updated Updating Client 0 E MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False Else MessageBox Show Client added to the list Adding Client 0 MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False End If Try FileWriter New StreamWriter ListPath amp amp Client name amp end False FileWriter Close Catch ex As Exception MessageBox Show ex Message amp Please enter a valid name Writing to File 0 MessageBoxIcon Exclamation 0 0 False txtName Text Nothing cmbName Text Nothing Exit Sub End Try FileWriter New StreamWriter ListPath amp amp Client name amp False FileWriter WriteLine Client name FileWriter WriteLine txtAge Text If txtContact Text
18. 102 VScroll True End Sub Private Sub frmEndurance MouseWheel ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As MouseEventArgs Handles MyBase MouseWheel Graph Length Graph Length e Delta 10 If Graph Length 200 Then Graph Length 200 End If End Sub Private Sub txtRest TextChanged ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles txtRest TextChanged Invalid Value sender End Sub Private Sub pcbGraph MouseMove ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As MouseEventArgs Handles pcbGraph MouseMove If e Button MouseButtons Left Then X coord new MousePosition X If x coord new x coord Then X scroll x coord new x coord drag sensitivity If pcbGraph Location X x scroll gt 0 Then pcbGraph Location New Point 0 71 y scroll Exit Sub End If Load Graph Elself x coord new x coord Then X Scroll x coord new x coord drag sensitivity If pcbGraph Location X x scroll pcbGraph Width 900 Then pcbGraph Location New Point pcbGraph Width 900 71 y scroll Exit Sub End If Load Graph End If IE End Sub e Private Sub pcbGraph MouseDown ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As MouseEventArgs Handles pcbGraph MouseDown Cursor Cursors Hand X coord MousePosition X End Sub Private Sub pcbGraph MouseUp ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As MouseEventArgs
19. 1176 10 13 lapctr 0 GIE 1 Endif wend GoTo startHere heartRateMeter sStartHere GIE 1 TOIE 1 xctr 0 x 0 MaxADC 0 FTime 0 ctr 0 b 0 PRate 0 xctr 0 HSerOut improper settings 13 sMain If sendFlag 1 Then HSerOut PHBPM Dec5 rBPM 10 13 sendFlag 0 eHRM Endif Junk Reference while 1 1 If xctr gt 5000 Then If MaxADC lt 90 Then Default 100 sStartHere Else sNew2 72 EndIf Else aRead ADIn 0 If MaxADC aRead Then Else MaxADC aRead Endif Endif wend Check ADC Baseline 0 sNew2 xctr 0 while 1 1 If sendFlag 1 Then HSerOut PHBPM Dec5 rBPM 10 13 sendFlag 0 GOTO eHRM Endif aRead ADIn 0 If aRead lt 45 Then Break EndIf wend MaxADC MaxADC 10 Check ADC Max If Less Than aRead ADC sNew3 while 1 1 If sendFlag 1 Then HSerOut PHBPM Dec5 rBPM 10 13 sendFlag 0 GOTO eHRM EndIf aRead ADIn 0 If MaxADC aRead Then 73 xctr 0 Break Endif wend Delay before reading sNew4 While 1 1 If xctr gt 500 Then default 250 Break Endif wend x 0 ctr 0 Get Final Pulse Rate SFindADC While 1 1 If sendFlag 1 Then HSerOut PHBPM Dec5 rBPM 10 13 sendFlag 0 GOTO eHRM Endif aRead ADIn 0 SADC x aRead 1 sRepeat If ctr gt 3 Then ctr 0 If x gt 250 Then Break Endif GOTO SFindADC 74 Else sRepeat EndIf wend SSENDUART GIE 0 TOIE 0 S
20. 2 CxC C cic SPF 16 5 165 x 2 33pF 215pF P obtaining a load capacitor rating of 33pF for the 4MHz crystal oscillator The 1 capacitor serves as a ripple rejection capacitor since a stable 5Vpc is required for the MCLR pin Vs supply pins need a voltage input of 1 5 V Output axis data XOUT YOUT and ZOUT are connected to their corresponding input pins of the microcontroller RO Pin 2 R1 Pin 3 and R2 Pin 4 respectively A 100nF capacitor for each axial output is used to enable a low pass filtering for antialiasing and noise reduction at 50Hz so that frequencies above 50Hz won t be able to intervene within the circuit 35 78105 RT9163 ADO AD2 RT ASSOCIATE VREF XBee Pro T2IN T2OUT R1OUT R1IN R2OUT R2IN 62 100nR 282000 2 2 100nF 100 a 13 28 GND MAX232 DIL yi PIC16F877A TQFP44 Figure 3 7 Schematic Diagram of the Handheld Device 36 Initially a 5 V voltage regulator output is delivered through a low dropout positive voltage regulator with a dropout voltage of 3 3 Volts at 500 mA Amperes specifically for ZigBee supply pins The input capacitance used suggests that a stable DC voltage will be guaranteed as an input for the regulator The 100nF capacitor is also used as a ripple rejection that will guara
21. 9 y scroll cmbName Location New Point 484 25 y scroll lblTraining Location New Point 672 9 y scroll cmbTraining Location New Point 675 25 y scroll lblDistance Location New Point 743 9 y scroll txtDistance Location New Point 746 25 y scroll pcbGraph Location New Point pcbGraph Location X x scroll 57 y scroll If txtDays Text Nothing Then Dim x coordinate As Integer Training Length txtDays Text X coordinate Graph Length Training Length pcbGraph Width x coordinate x allowance Me Width pcbGraph Width 40 End If End Sub Private Sub AdaptInteger ByVal ind If LapTime ind 1000 And LapTime ind gt 100 Then IntAdapt 56 ElseIf LapTime ind lt 100 And LapTime ind gt 10 Then IntAdapt 62 ElseIf LapTime ind lt 10 And LapTime ind gt 0 Then IntAdapt 68 ElseIf LapTime ind lt 10000 And LapTime ind gt 1000 Then IntAdapt 50 Else 85 IntAdapt 44 End If End Sub Private Sub Update Graph Dim pen As New Pen Color Red 2 pen DashStyle Drawing2D DashStyle Dot pcbGraph CreateGraphics For 1 0 To index 2 x start Graph Length x 1 allowance x graph i y Start y allowance y graph LapTime i graph scale x end Graph Length x 1
22. FileReader Close FileWriter New StreamWriter DataPath amp Day 6 CurrentDay amp amp txtName Text amp train no amp end FileWriter Write CharTemp 0 Pos 1 FileWriter Close End If If txtRest TextLength 2 Then RestTemp 0 amp txtRest Text Else 94 RestTemp txtRest Text End If FileWriter New StreamWriter DataPath amp Day amp CurrentDay amp amp txtName Text 8 train no 8 end True FileWriter Write RestHR amp RestTemp FileWriter Close End If End Sub Private Sub CopyFile Dim File As New FileInfo ofdGraph FileName File CopyTo DataPath amp amp CurrentDay amp amp txtName Text amp train no amp end True File Delete End Sub Private Sub Load Graph pcbGraph Refresh g pcbGraph CreateGraphics g FillRectangle Brushes Black pcbGraph Location X x scroll 0 x allowance LargestTime Graph scale y allowance 500 g FillRectangle Brushes Black x allowance LargestTime Graph scale y allowance Graph Length Training Length 500 pcbGraph BackColor Color White For Me x CurrentDay To 1 Step 1 If File Exists DataPath 8 Day 4 x amp amp txtName Text 6 train no amp end True Then UpdatePictureBox Dim FileReader As StreamReader Dim MainStr StrTemp As String FileReader New StreamReader DataPath 8 Day amp X amp amp txtName Text
23. Graph Length 2 35 y allowance LargestTime Graph scale 4 5 g FillRectangle Brushes White x reference 4 Graph Length 2 45 y allowance LargestTime _ Graph scale 30 50 50 g DrawString Day amp x Font Brushes Black x reference Graph Length 2 _ 40 y allowance LargestTime Graph scale 35 g FillRectangle Brushes Black x reference 0 50 17 g DrawString Heart Rate 6 LapHR x 1 amp beats min Font Brushes White x referenc 57 L g FillRectangle Brushes Blue x reference 17 150 17 g DrawString Resting HR amp HRrest x 1 amp beats min Font Brushes White x referenc 5 18 g FillRectangle Brushes Gold x reference 34 150 17 g DrawString Speed amp Speed amp m s Font Brushes Black x reference 5 35 g DrawString 0 Font Brushes White 68 pcbGraph Location X x scroll y allowance y graph 5 Update Graph End If NextDay Next x End Sub Private Sub UpdatePictureBox pcbGraph Height y graph 125 Me Height pcbGraph Height 205 y Scroll VerticalScroll Value btnOpen Location New Point 12 y scroll btnRefresh Location New Point 108 y scroll btnEvaluate Location New Point 602 btnBack Location New Point 426 y scroll btnZo
24. measure the time to finish a lap using the microcontroller s timer interrupt and 44 lap indicator module compare the readings of the microcontroller a stop watch will be used Stopwatch Microcontroller Percent Reading Reading Difference s s 9o 1 1 17 66 17 3 81 2 1 18 08 18 0 44 2 18 62 18 3 39 1 18 45 19 2 94 3 2 18 92 19 0 42 3 19 33 19 1 72 1 18 73 18 3 97 4 2 19 02 19 0 11 3 19 45 20 2 79 4 20 05 20 0 25 1 17 58 17 3 35 2 18 02 18 0 11 5 3 18 44 19 2 99 4 19 30 19 1 57 5 19 87 21 5 53 Table 4 2 Time Measurement Test Average Percent Difference 3 81 0 447 3 39 2 94 0 42 1 72 3 97 0 11 2 79 0 25 3 35 0 11 2 997 1 57 5 53 15 2 23 Table 4 2 deals with the comparison of readings between the timer interrupt of the microcontroller and a stop watch The average percent difference is 2 23 which is less than the set minimum required percent difference by the group 5 Therefore it says that the time measurement 45 reading between the microcontroller and stop watch shows minimal discrepancy The discrepancy may be due to the reading of time in microcontroller which is whole number while in stop watch is in decimal form Pulse Rate Measurement Test The purpose of this test is to determine if the pulse rate reading of the improvised stethoscope is accurate Once the accelerometer senses that there is no hand movement it then
25. 1 Dec5 PRate HSerOut HEARTRATE Dec3 FTime 13 GoTo sStartHere Interrupt Routine My Int xCtr xctr 1 ctr ctr 1 PORTD 3 PORTD 3 TOIF 0 Context Restore End gt Lap Measurement Source Code Remarks On Unsigned_Dwords On Device 16F877A Declare Xtal 20 Declare watchdog OFF Declare FSR_CONTEXT_SAVE On Declare Adin_Res 8 Declare Adin_Tad 32_FOSC Declare Adin_Stime 50 Hserial_Baud 9600 Hserial_RCSTA 10010000 Hserial_TXSTA 00100100 Hserial_Clear On On_Interrupt iHandler NTCON 1 RBO External Interrupt Flag Symbol INTF NTCON 2 TMRO Overflow Interrupt Flag symbol TOIF HH 68 Symbol INTE INTCON 4 RBO External Interrupt Enable Symbol TOIE INTCON 5 TMRO Overflow Interrupt Enable Symbol GIE INTCON 7 Global Interrupt Enable Dim dsDelay As word Dim axCtr As word Dim lapctr As word Dim testval As word Dim runF As Byte Dim xCtr As word Dim ctr As Word Dim sc As word Dim rndFlag As Byte rndFClock As word sendFlag As Byte Dim rBPM As Byte rBPM 90 GOTO preProg iHandler If TOIF 1 Then axctr axctr 1 dsDelay dsDelay 1 lapctr lapctr 1 xCtr xctr 1 ctr ctr 1 rndFClock rndFClock 1 If rndFClock gt 17647 Then If rndFlag 1 Then sendFlag 1 2 EndIf If rBPM 105 Then 90 Else rBPM rBPM 1 EndIf 0 Endif Context Restore preProg Dim cARead1 As Byte Dim cARead2 As Byte 69 Dim pARead1 As Byte Dim pARe
26. 27 Data Flow Diagram Name Age Contact Number Resting Heart Rate and and Gender Track Distance Resting Heart Rate and Name and Age Track Distance Name Age Contact Number and Gender Name Age Contact Number Resting Heart Rate and and Gender Track Distance Client Record Trainings Record Resting Heart Rate and Track Distance Name and Age Figure 3 4 Data Flow Diagram 28 The system accepts input only on the registration and training processes Registration process accepts name age contact number and gender inputs all being a required field except contact number All the inputs will immediately be transferred to the client record after clicking the add update button Training process accepts two inputs resting heart rate and track distance and can only modify the current training s resting heart rate Inputs will then replace the resting heart rate and track distance in the training record Browse process does not accept inputs as it is for displaying purposes and gets data from the training and client records Client record transfers all data to registration process and transfers only name and age to training and browse processes Training Record transfers all data to every process whenever necessary 29 Activity Diagram Form Selection Menu Manage cen nage cent Training Manage Training Prage Training Add Edit Client Browse Training Information
27. Another device must also be studied that will serve as an alternative to the infrared as a result for the user not to be close with the infrared just to be able to send a signal to the handheld to write the data gathered on the USB The design can also be improved by adding a database on its application software to help keep records of data for comparison of the results The 53 database would allow flexibility by recording or deleting records of trainees for future use or reference Lastly it is recommended that the design may also use a sensor that will be located on the finger of the user on the wearable device as an alternate device to the improvised stethoscope This can also give accurate measurement of pulse rate because there are also veins in the finger tips that are capable of producing a pulse 54 REFERENCES Bookhout Mark R and Grenman Philip Principles of Exercise Prescription Woburn MA Butterworth Heinemann 2001 Charles S Electronics principles and applications 7 edition USA 2007 Chen Tseng et al Monitoring Athletes Physiological Responses to Endurance Training with Genomic wide Expression Data Citeseerx September 2 2007 Cheng L Practical Sensing for Sprint Parameter Monitoring Sensor Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks SECON June 2010 Cheng L Hailes S Analysis of Wireless Inertial Sensing for Athlete Coaching Support Global Telecommunications Conference IEEE GLO
28. Description No Connect 2 Self Test 3 Common 4 No Connect 5 Common 6 Common 7 Common 8 ZChannel Output 9 No Connect 10 Y Channel Output 11 No Connect 12 X Channel Output 13 No Connect 14 Supply Voltage 1 8 V to 3 6 V 15 Supply Voltage 1 8 V to 3 6 V 16 No Connect Rev Page Sof 16 145 THEORY OF OPERATION ADXL330is a complete 3 axis acceleration measurement system on a single monolithic IC The ADXL330 has measure ment range of 3 g minimum contains polysilicon surface Mri a os oS implement open loop acceleration measurement architecture The output signals esis ne pud b acceleration The accelerometer can measure the static accelera tion of gravity tilt sensmg applications as well as dynamic acceleration resultmg from motion shock or vibration The sensor polysilicon surface micromachmed structure built on top of a silicon wafer Polysilicon springs suspend the structure over the surface of the wafer and provide a resistance against acceleration forces Deflection of the structure is meas urged using a differential capacitor that consists of independent fixed plates and plates attached to the moving mass The fixed plates are driven by 180 out of phase square waves Acceleration capacitor resultmg in a sensor output whose amplitude is proportional to acceleration Phase sensitive demodulation techniques are then used to determme the magnitude and direction of the
29. Handles pcbGraph MouseUp ursor Cursors Default Scroll 0 Load Graph End Sub Private Sub btnZoomIn Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnZoomIn Click Graph Length 50 Load Graph End Sub Private Sub btnZoomOut Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnZoomOut Click Graph Length 50 If Graph Length 200 Then Graph Length 200 Q 103 End Load_Graph End Sub End Class Main Form Imports System IO Public Class frmMain Dim ListPath As String My Computer FileSystem SpecialDirectories Temp amp Clients Private Sub btnTraining Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnTraining Click If File Exists ListPath amp Current end True Then Me Hide frmEndurance Show Else MessageBox Show Add and Select a Client from Clients Form before entering Trainings Form _ Opening Training Info 0 MessageBoxIcon Stop 0 0 False End If End Sub Private Sub btnBrowse Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal As EventArgs Handles btnBrowse Click If File Exists ListPath 8 Current end True Then Me Hide frmBrowse Show lse MessageBox Show Add and Select a Client from Clients Form before entering History Form _ Openi
30. Member This design report is hereby approved and accepted by the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Communications Engineering and Computer Engineering in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Flick SF Dr Felicito S Caluyo Dean School of EECE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are indeed grateful to the people who advised gave comments gave assistance and encouraged our group to make this design possible We wish to express our sincerest thanks and appreciation to our professor Prof Noel Linsangan for guiding us with the necessary requirements and motivating us for the accomplishment of this design We would like to express also our deepest gratitude to our adviser Engr Cyrel Ontimare Manlises who gave us words of encouragement and for all the support and guidance she had given to our group during consultation regardless of her busy schedule We would like to acknowledge with much gratitude Dra Hiyasmine Mangubat for sharing with us the knowledge she has in Rehabilitation Medicine Without her help we wouldn t know how to initiate this design We would also like to thank the panel members who agreed to examine and to certify our oral presentation and made this design a success We would also sincerely extend our dearest gratitude to our parents for supporting us morally and financially as we accomplished this design and to our friends wh
31. Nothing Then FileWriter WriteLine Else FileWriter WriteLine txtContact Text 106 End Sub End If FileWriter FileWriter Cl FileReader se WriteLine gender FileReader Close FileWriter New StreamWriter ListPath amp Index end If InStr MainStr Client name CompareMethod Text FileWriter WriteLine Client name End If FileWriter Close Private Sub btnClear Click ByVal sender As System Object As EventArgs Handles btnClear Click Even Clear Fields List 1 End Sub Private Sub txtAge TextChanged EventArgs Handles txtAge TextChanged Invalid Value sender End Sub Private Sub txtRest TextChanged ByVal e As EventArgs Invalid Value sender End Sub n Private Sub txtContact Clear Fields frmMain Show Private Sub btnSelect_Cl As EventArgs Handles btnSel Check Name cmbName 7 lect Click ext txtName Text If Client name Nothing Or txtAge Text Nothing Or rdbMale Checked False And rdbFemale Checked False Then Client s Info 0 Exit Sub End If MessageBox Show Do not leave required fields MessageBoxIcon Exclamation 0 0 New StreamReader ListPath amp Index end MainStr FileReader ReadToEnd True 0 Then
32. RADAN2VRE CVRE 770 2 8 RESPGM RASTOCEKICIOUT lt e j5 RB 20617 NE REORD ANS E REQINT RELWRAN amp 877 D vss e RDS PSPS OSCLCLEI 7 7 RDSPSPS OSCICLKO 014 5 RCOTIOSOTICKI 11 gt RCURXDT RCLTIOSLOCP2 016 ee 5 6 17 RCSSDO RC3SCKSCL llis ROMSDISDA RDOPSPO 50375 1 1 02 RDIPE 9 1 A e 1 0 oo 44 Pin PLCC RA4TOCKICIOUT 455 200 4g REORDIANS es RELWRANS TY RElCSANT cas VDD Vss 08016151 lt OSCICLKO ROVTIOSOTICKI Rem RCSTXCEKRCSSDORC4SDISDARDS PSPS RDIPSPIRD 1 PSPIRDOPSPORCHSCK SCLR CDCCPIRCLTIOSLCCPINC 4 44 a 44 Pin TQFP 11111 HHHHHH RCURXDT Em 8042524 21 1 6 9 805755 gt Se o CLKO RDSPSPS 5 29 BS 7 Um 22152246 PICIGFSMA SEDI ve vo ru 6 87 RELCEANT RENT 7 E 25 C RELWRANS 5 ziee 5 RE 10 RASAN4SSCIOUT e n SA e e RA4TOCKICIOUT 2 2 REF RAWANS VREF RADANDVREF CVREFRAVANIRAQANOMCLR VoPNCR BT PGDRBS PGCRESRE4NC HURIN 65343214443424140 16
33. TotalTime 0 For 1 0 To index 1 TotalTime LapTime i If LapTime i LargestTime d Tru mp LapTime i StrT mp CompareMethod Text Pos 6 Pos 1 Then Pos 1 gt LargestTime Then LargestTime gt 1000 Then LargestTime gt 500 Then LargestTime gt 100 Then LargestTime gt 50 Then gt 0 Then End If Next i If LargestTime gt 5000 Then Graph scale 10 ElseIf LargestTime lt 5000 And Graph scale 5 ElseIf LargestTime lt 1000 And Graph scale 2 ElseIf LargestTime lt 500 And Graph scale 1 ElseIf LargestTime lt 100 And Graph scale 0 5 Elself LargestTime lt 50 And LargestTim Graph scale 0 1 End If If txtDistance Text Nothing Then Distance 0 Else Distance txtDistance Text 96 End Speed Distance TotalTime index Speed Math Round Speed 2 Dim reference As Single x reference Graph Length x 1 x allowance graph Graph Length index y graph LargestTime Graph scale g DrawString Time Font Brushes White 13 pcbGraph Location X x scroll pcbGraph Height 2 y allowance g DrawString Seconds Font Brushes White pcbGraph Location X x scroll pcbGraph Height 2 10 g DrawString Laps Font Brushes White x reference
34. V 17 10V I 0 33uF 070 1uF unless otherwise speci fied Parameter Symbo Conditions Win Typ Max Unit 12 25 lt 49 5 51 Output Voltage a 5mA to 1A Po x 15W V 7 5V to 20V 7 5V to 25V 500mA Line Regulation Note1 Regline pue to 12V Vis8Vtot2V 3 usse 8 1 12 15 25 Load Regulation Note1 mA to Lo smuem Quiescent Curent o 5 ________ n 25 50 60 mA 5 _________ 05 Viz8Vto25V lo 50m 08 a 5V to 20V 25 Output Voltage Drift AVIAT llo 5mA wf Tane f 120Hz lo 500mA Ripple Rejection m 8V to 18V DropoutVotage lo 1A Tu 325 C Due x Viz 35V Ta 25 C Peak Curent ik Ty 25 Note 1 Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature Change in VO due to heating effects must be take into account separately Pulse testing with low dutyis used mV 11 157 78 78 Figure 15 Split Power Supply 15 1 Figure 16 Negative Output Voltage Circuit Figure 17 Switching Regulator 24 158 FAIRCHILD SCMICONDUCTOR 78 78 www fairchildsemi com 3 Terminal1A Positive Voltage Regulator Features Output Current up to 1A Output Voltages of 5 8 9 10 12 1
35. acceleration The demodulator output is amplified and brought off chip through 32 resistor The user then sets the signal band width of the device by adding a capacitor This filtermg improves measurement resolution and helps prevent aliasing MECHANICAL SENSOR The ADXL330 uses a single structure for sensing the X Y and Zaxes Asa result the three axes sense directions are highly alignment of the sensor die to the package is the chief source Qfcross axis sensitivity Mechanical misalignment can of course be calibrated out at the system level PERFORMANCE Rather than using additional temperature compensation perfomance 1 built m to the ADXL330 As a result there ts temperature hysteresis 1 very low typically less than 3 mg over the 25 C to 70 C temperature range Figure 14 Figure 15 and Figure 16 show the zero output a Y tp mperatu Figure 26 Figure 27 and Figure 28 demonstrate typical sensitivity shift over temperature for supply voltages of 3 V This ig typically better than 1 over 25 C to 70 C temperature range Rev Page 11 of 16 146 ADXL330 APPLICATIONS POWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING For most applications single 0 1 capacitor Coc placed close to the ADXL330 supply pms adequately decouples the accelerometer from noise on the power supply However in applications where noise is present at the 50 kHz mtemal clock frequency or any harmonic
36. and ankle Their purpose here was to develop and evaluate two artificial neural network ANN models based on single sensor accelerometer data and an ANN model based on the data of two accelerometers for the identification of types of physical activity in adults The subjects were also given a sequence of activities like sitting standing using the stairs and walking 15 and cycling at two self paced speeds The model based on the hip accelerometer data and the model based on the ankle accelerometer data correctly classified the five activities 80 4 and 77 7 of the time respectively while the model based on the data from both sensors achieved a percentage of 83 0 The hip model produced a better classification of the activities cycling using the stairs and sitting whereas the ankle model was better able to correctly classify the activities walking and standing still All three models often misclassified using the stairs and standing still The accuracy of the models significantly decreased when a distinction was made between regular versus brisk walking or cycling and between going up and going down the stairs From the study we can determine what the person is currently doing with the help of the ActiGraph accelerators The proponents chose this article because it shows how an accelerator can determine the current action of the person and distinguish it from the other actions Lee et al 2007 implementation of accelerometer sensor
37. as is basis and no warranty asto their suitability for any particular purpose is either made or implied Future Technology vices International Ltd will not accept any claim for damages howsoever arising as result of use or failure of this product Your Raden nights are not affected This product or any variant of it is not intended for use in any medical appliance device or system in igi the failure of the product might reasonably be expected to result in personal injury This document provides preliminary Alon that may be subject to change without notice No freedom to use patents or other intellectual property nghts is implied by publication of this document Future Technology Devices International Ltd Unit 1 2 Seaward Place Centurion Business Park isgow G41 1HH United Kingdom Scotland Registered Number 50136640 Copyright 2010 Future Technology Devices International Limited 129 DI Document Reference No FT 000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 AN Chip Clearance No FTDI 131 1 Introduction VDIP1 module is MCU to embedded USB host controller development module for the VNCIL IC The VDIP1 is supplied on a PCB designed to fit into a 24 pin DIP socket and provides access to the UART parallel FIFO and SPI interface pins on the VNCI1L device via its AD and AC bus pins Not only is it ideal for developing and rapid prototyping of VNC1L designs but also an attractive q
38. as well as dynamic acceleration resulting from motion or vibration Charles 2007 Endurance is the time limit of a person s ability to maintain either a specific force or power involving muscular contractions Morgan 2001 Exercise is a physical activity that is planned structured and repetitive for the purpose of conditioning any part of the body Exercise is utilized to improve health maintain fitness and is important as a means of physical rehabilitation Bookhout and Grenman 2001 Overtraining is a condition that is usually occurring in athletes who are training for competition then exercise outside the body s ability to pull through Redding 2001 Real time is a representation of the time at which an output is obtained from an input Speed is the rate or a measure of the rate of motion especially distance travelled divided by the time of travel Young and Freedman 2004 Throughput is the interval in which an output is realized from an input Universal Serial Bus USB is a set of connectivity specifications developed by Intel in collaboration with industry leaders USB allows high speed easy connection of peripherals to a PC The Intel Microprocessors Fifth Edition ZigBee is a proprietary set of high level communication protocols designed to use small low power digital radios based on the IEEE 802 15 4 standard for wireless personal area networking Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED DESIGN LITERATURE
39. cmbTraining Text Nothing End If End Sub Private Sub cmbTraining SelectedIndexChan System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles cmbTraining SelectedIndexChanged pcbGraph Location New Point 0 LargestTime 0 cmbName Text Message 5 vc Nothing Then ged ByVal sender As y scroll Box Show Select an existing Client in our database before choosing a corresponding training Browse 0 0 Fal BoxIcon Information Else cmbTraining Text Load Fields Load Graph Karvonen End If btnRefresh Select Sub Message cmbTraining Se Training Number 0 lectedItem ToString 88 EventArgs Private Sub Redraw Graph cmbTraining Items Count 0 Then pcbGraph Refresh ElseIf cmbTraining Items Count gt 0 Then Load_Graph Karvonen End If End Sub Private Sub frmBrowse move ByVal sender As Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles Me Move Redraw Graph End Sub Private Sub frmBrowse MouseWheel ByVal sender As Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles Me MouseWheel Redraw Graph End Sub Private Sub frmBrowse FormClosing ByVal sender As Object ByVal e EventArgs Handles _ Me FormClosing frmMain Show End Sub Private Sub frmBrowse scroll ByVal sender As Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles Me Scroll Redraw Graph End Sub Pri
40. currents and fast slew rate The low harmonic distortion and low noise make the TLO7x series ideally suited for high fidelity and audio preamplifier applications Each amplifier features JFET inputs for high input impedance coupled with bipolar output stages integrated on a single monolithic chip The C suffix devices are characterized for operation from 0 C to 70 C The l suffix devices are characterized for operation from 40 C to 85 C The M suffix devices are characterized for operation over the full military temperature range of 55 C to 125 C Please be aware that an important notice conceming availability standard warranty and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end ofthis data sheet ELR 22 GE uas Y Crowd M TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 151 TLO71 071 TLO71B 11 072 TLO72A 072 074 TL074A 074 LOWCNOISE JFETCINPUT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 51 5080 SEPTEMBER 1978 REVISED MARCH 2005 TLO71 TLO71A TLO71B D P OR PS PACKAGE TL072 TL072A TL072B D JG P PS OR PW PACKAGE TLO74A TLO74B D J NS OR PW PACKAGE TOP VIEW TOP VIEW TL074 D J NS PW ORWPACKAGE OFFSET N1 8 100 TOP VIEW IN 2 7 UVcc 1IN IN 6 POUT 1IN Vcc l4 5 J OFFSET 2 Vec TLO72 U PACKAGE TOP VIEW TL074 TL072 TL074 FK P
41. data Digital Parallel Slave Port data Digital Parallel Slave Port data Digital Parallel Slave Port data PORTE is a bidirectional port Digital Read control for Parallel Slave Port Analoginput 5 Digital Write control for Parallel Slave Post Analoginput 6 Digital Chip select control for Parallel Slave Post Analoginput 7 Ground reference for logic and pins Positive supply for logic and pins These pins are not intemally connected These pins should be left unconnected E This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured in RC Oscillator mode and a CMOS input otherwise 2003 Microchip Technology Inc DS39582B paze 13 128 VINCULUM BINDING USB TECHNOLOGIES Future Technology Devices International Ltd VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Document Reference No FT 000016 Version 1 01 Issue Date 2010 05 31 Future Technology Devices International Ltd FTDI Unit 1 2 Seaward Place Centurion Business Park Glasgow G41 1HH United Kingdom Tel 44 0 141 429 2777 Fax 44 0 141 429 2758 E Mail Support supporti ftdichip com Web http www vinculum com itherthe whole nor any part of the information contained in or the product described in this manual may be adapted or reproduced material or electronic form without the prior written consent of the copyright holder This product and its documentation are an
42. dissipation is a function 8JA and TA Themaximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD T J max TA Operating at the absolute TJ of 150 C can affect reliability The package thermalimpedanceis calculated in accordance with JESD 51 7 Maximum is a function of J max 94 and TC The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable case temperatureis PD TC 8JC Operatingat the absolute maximum TJ of 150 C can affect reliability The package therm imp eis calculated in accordance with MIL STD 883 48 5 INSTRUMENTS POST OFFICE 655303 DALLAS TEXAS 75255 154 TL071 TL071A 071 11072 072 072 TL074 TL074A TLO74B LOWCNOISE JFETCINPUT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 5105080 SEPTEMBER 1978 REVISED MARCH 2005 electrical characteristics 75V unless otherwise noted VIO AVD CMRR ICC PARAMETER Input offs et voltage Temperature coefficient of input offset voltage Input offs amp current Input bias currentt Common mode input voltagerange Maximum peak output voltageswing Large signal differential voltageamplification Unity gain bandwidth Input resistance Common mode rejection ratio Supply voltage rejection atig Supply current each amplifier vo1 vo2 Crosstalk attenuation TL071M TL074M TEST CONDITIONST
43. fields Buttons btn fields that serve as action confirmation during form utilization Open File Dialog ofd are objects that serve as a dialog box whenever searching for a file Error Processing The software prevents the occurrence of errors but miniaturized windows are shown to display errors or shortcomings that bypassed the error prevention scheme Most of the messages are required to be read and immediately reverses the action whenever prompted Performance The program is incorporated with integrity using the Visual Basic Programming Language The overall robustness of the application is guaranteed Required fields are included to prevent data deficiency and a n a symbol to the contact number whenever left blank Windows are closed whenever a new window is requested and entered to release resources and maximize memory used by the unused window 172 DETAILED DESIGN Screen Transition seam Opening Training Info x Add and Select a Client from Clients Form before entering Trainings Form Version 6 1 6 1 0 1 SEAMs or Speed and Endurance Assessment and Monitoring system seeks to record detailed trainings of different individuals and assess their endurance through the Karvonen Formula Copyright 2011 SEAMs rights reserved Clicking this button allows you to manage clients jinformation and then select a corresponding client to manage his training infor
44. for giving instructions and guide about the major activities to the user Back Button 2 closes Help Form and returns to the root menu 166 SEAMs Speed and Endurance Assessment and Monitoring system seeks to record detailed trainings of different individuals and assess their endurance through the Karvonen Formula Version 6 1 6 1 0 1 Copyright 2011 SEAMs All rights reserved The SEAMs Form 1 is responsible for giving the function and information of the software application Back Button 2 exits SEAMs Form and returns to the root menu Training Graph les Type Length of Training days Curent Day Resting Heart Rate beats min Endurance Evaluation 5 Name Track Distance meters Line Bar 2 Si Aron Lervin 0 beats min 92 beats r beats min 0 beats n Browse For File The Training Form 1 is responsible for training information management All labels 5 7 9 10 13 21 and 19 are used to describe the text box 167 adjacent to them Line Radio Button 3 and Bar Radio Button 4 specifies the type of graph displayed on the picture box 16 where the Line Radio Button is the default graph type Text Boxes Training Length 6 Current Day 8 Age 12 and Name 22 are always disabled and gets data from the client record for display Resting Heart Rate Text Box 11 only accepts numeric values from 50 to 100 Distance Text Bo
45. for the wearable device It is composed of the accelerometer chip stethoscope infrared module ZigBee Pro module and a microcontroller An 24 accelerometer keeps track of the hand motion of the user all throughout the course of his exercise The microcontroller records individual lap times whenever an infrared signal is received then interprets the time and pulse rate measured to be saved on a text file The use of stethoscope device is to measure the pulse rate of the user after a while that the user is at rest to indicate the beginning of wireless transmission of data The ZigBee Pro module will then transmit all the data gathered to the 1 that is connected on the handheld device In the receiver portion of the system involves the transmission of the data through the receiver of the ZigBee Pro module The data will be received by the USB flash drive and can be connected to a laptop or a PC then the user may run the Software Program installed that can assess and monitor their speed and endurance On the lap indicator module an infrared transmitter is made to communicate with the wearable device that consists of infrared receiver As the name of the component suggests the infrared communication is made to indicate that a lap has either started or completed 25 Software Development Use Case TRAINER Figure 3 3 Use Case Diagram Manage Client Use Case The registration incorporates two validation processes Select
46. in the low cost XBee extended 9 range XBec PRO and utilizing the ZigBee PRO Feature Set these embedded RF modules arc Over the air firmware updates interoperable with ZigBee Feature Set devices from other vendors With advanced mesh ZigBee Certificat networking functionality XBec and XBec PRO ZB modules improve data traffic management som allow for greater node density and provide OEMs with the ability to change firmware remotely with over the air updates Low power low cost modules XBec Protocols Extended range XBee PRO XBec embedded modules are available with different protocols to suit variety of applications modules and networking topologies Supported protocols include IEEE 802 15 4 the ZigBee PRO Feature Set proprictary long range and DigiMesh XBee embedded RF modules share a c am cine common hardware footprint and are modeled after a common software Once deployed into an application OEMs can rapidly change from protocol to another with minimal time and interoperable with other development risk products including gateways Drop ia Networking Compatibility device adapters and extenders embedded RF modules are compatible with Digi s Drop in Networking adapters network Common footprint for a extenders and gateways that use the same protocol This allows OEMs to embed XBee solutions variety of RF modules into an application and have seamless communication t
47. index 1 RestingHR HRrest index End While MinHR 220 Age RestingHR 0 5 RestingHR MaxHR 220 Age RestingHR 0 85 RestingHR 0 While i lt Training Length TotalHR LapHR i i 1 End While AverageHR TotalHR i If AverageHR gt MinHR And AverageHR lt MaxHR Then txtEvaluation Text Good 87 Else If AverageHR gt MaxHR Then txtEvaluation Text Bad ElseIf AverageHR lt MinHR Then txtEvaluation Text Very Good End If End If End Sub Private Sub frmBrowse VisibleChanged ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ My Base VisibleChanged Load Training Name Load Training Number End Sub Private Sub cmbName_SelectedIndexChanged ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles cmbName SelectedIndexChanged cmbName Text cmbName SelectedItem ToString cmbTraining Items Clear For Me x 1 To 32767 If File Exists DataPath amp Dayl_ 8 cmbName Text amp x 6 end True Then cmbTraining Items Add x Else Exit For End If Next x If cmbTraining Items Count lt gt 0 Then cmbTraining Text cmbTraining Items Item 0 Load 145 Update Fields Else MessageBox Show The selected Client has no training record yet Browse Client Record 0 _ MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False pcbGraph Refresh
48. is functional The typical change im output is pe to 150 X axis This ST pin may be left open ee cu Never expose the ST pin to voltages greater than Vs 0 3 V If fhis cannot be guaranteed due to the system design for instance if there are multiple supply voltages then alow Vr clamping diode between ST and recommended DESIGN TRADE OFFS FOR SELECTING FILTER CHARACTERISTICS THE NOISE BW TRADE OFF The selected accelerometer bandwidth ultimately determines the measurement resolution smallest detectable acceleration Filtermg can be used to lower the noise floor to improve the resolution of the accelerometer Resolution is dependent on the analog filter bandwidth at Your and The output of the ADXL330 has a typical bandwidth of greater than 500 Hz The user must filter the signal at this pomt to limit aliasing errors The analog bandwidth must be no more than half the analog to digital sampling frequency to mmimize aliasmg The analog bandwidth can be further decreased to reduce noise and improve resolution The ADXL330 noise has the characteristics of white Gaussian noise which contributes equally at all frequencies and is described terms of ug Hz the noise is proportional to square root of the accelerometer bandwidth The user should limit bandwidth to the lowest frequency needed by the applica tion to maximize the resolution and dynamic range of the accelero
49. s endurance will be assessed Hardware Development The proposed design which is the Wearable Device for Speed and Endurance Assessment Monitoring System using Improvised Stethoscope and Accelerometer with USB Receiver via Zigbee Technology is divided into 3 hardware parts transmitter receiver and lap indicator module The transmitter unit is the primary hardware of the proposed design which is composed of the improvised stethoscope an accelerometer an MCU infrared receiver and a ZigBee Pro transmitter module On the other hand the receiver component consists of a ZigBee Pro receiver module serial USB interface and MCU to store data The last hardware part is the lap indicator module which consists of an_ infrared transmitter and a microcontroller that complete the system 23 Block Diagram ZigBee Transmitter Module Pulse Rate Stethoscope PIC16F877 Microcontroller Zigbee Pro Transceiver Infrared Receiver Hand Accelerometer Movement Lap Indicator Module Infrared Transmitter ZigBee Receiver Module Information from the wearable Zigbee Pro Vdip1 USB PIC16F877 device via Zigbee Transceiver Interface Microcontroller Figure 3 2 System Block Diagram In Figure 3 2 the transmitter side s inputs are infrared signal hand movement and pulse rate while the process is composed of the infrared receiver microcontroller and the ZigBee Pro module The transmitter side represents the block diagram
50. selected Client has no training record yet 178 PDL Program Description Language Main Form seam On Click Client Button 1 Load Client Form On Click Training Button 2 Check if a client is currently selected If yes Hide Form Load Training Form If no Cancel Loading Notify user that no client is selected On Click Training History Button 3 Check if a client is currently selected If yes 179 Hide Form Load History Form If no Cancel Loading Notify user that no client is selected On Click Help Button 4 Hide Form Load Help Form On Click SEAM Button 5 Hide Form Load SEAM Form On Click Close Button 6 Close Main Form End Program On Click Minimize Button 7 Minimize Form 180 to manage his training information Clicking this button will allow you to view all the previously recorded training information of every client in one window On Click Back Button 1 or Close Button 2 Close Form Return to Main Form On Click Minimize Button 3 Minimize Form 181 SEAM Form SEAMs Speed and Endurance Assessment and Monitoring system seeks to record detailed trainings of different individuals and assess their endurance through the Karvonen Formula Version 6 1 6 1 0 1 Copyright 2011 SEAMs All rights reserved On Click Back Button 1 or Close Button 2 Close F
51. sends signal to the microcontroller to stop the timer interrupt and the microcontroller will be the one to send signal to the improvised stethoscope to start measuring the pulse rate Since the pulse rate gathered will be used in evaluating the individual s endurance along with the inputs namely age and resting heart rate using Karvonen formula To compare the readings of the pulse rate measured by an improvised stethoscope a digital blood pressure device will be used At this point the comparison must be done immediately after the trainee stops because pulse rate varies when a person is at rest or moving Also it varies depending on the activity a person is performing 46 Digital Blood Improvised Percent Trial Pressure Device Stethoscope Difference bpm bpm 1 94 98 4 17 2 108 102 5 71 3 101 103 1 96 4 98 100 2 02 5 106 104 1 90 Table 4 3 Pulse Rate Measurement Test Average Percent Difference _ 4 17 5 71 196 2 02 1 90 3 15 Table 4 3 deals with the comparison of readings between a digital blood pressure device and an improvised stethoscope The average percent difference is 3 15 which is less than the set minimum required percent difference by the group 5 The discrepancy may be due to some noise being measured by the improvised stethoscope The improvised stethoscope based its reading from the sound that the pulse is producing so noise will be a factor if the improvise
52. the group had consulted It also uses ZigBee Technology to transfer training data to the trainer or to a designated individual wirelessly through a USB A software application is programmed by the proponents to translate the data to readable information It has five major components namely Lap Indicator Module accelerometer ZigBee module improvised stethoscope and USB storage module Statement of the Problem Pedometers and Pulse Oximeters are the usual equipments of athletes nowadays Pedometers require a belt and a pair of shoes to function while pulse oximeters can either be worn on the finger tip earlobe or toe to function From the latter it can be safely assumed that the said devices will become cumbersome while using the two functionalities of pedometers and pulse oximeters Due to this scenario a solution is considered to lessen the discomfort from wearing many things during workout exercises by combining both pulse and pace measurement into one wrist worn device And so the proponents came up with a design having an additional feature of assessing and monitoring one s speed and endurance This design measures the pulse rate at the wrist along the ulnar artery The main determinant of running speed is time where the input distance required to be run by the user is divided by the time it took to cover the distance These measured data are wirelessly transmitted to a USB receiver and will eventually be used as an inp
53. 223 9163 Plastic SOT 223 Type TOP VIEW 1 VIN 2 GND 3 VOUT TOP VIEW 1 VOUT 2 GND TAB 3 VIN TOP VIEW 1 GND 2 VIN TAB 3 VOUT TOP VIEW 1 VOUT 2 GND TAB 3 VIN TOP VIEW 1 VOUT 2 GND TAB 3 VIN TOP VIEW 1 VIN 2 GND TAB 3 VOUT TOP VIEW 1 GND 2 VOUT TAB 3 VIN TOP VIEW 1 GND 2 VIN 3 VOUT DS9163 14 April 2002 www richtek ic com tw 1 149 RT9163 nicliTek Marking Information 7491 Typical Application Circuit VOUT Output Voltage a VIN Error Amplifiep VOUT www richtek ic com tw DS9163 14 April 2002 2 150 TLO71 TL071A TLO71B TL072 TLO72A TLO72B 711074 074 074 LOWCNOISE JFETCINPUT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SLOS080J SEPTEMBER 1978 REVISED MARCH 2005 D Wide Common Mode and Differential 18 nV Juz Typ at f 1kHz Voltage Ranges D High Input Impedance JFET Input Stage D Lowlnput Bias and Offset Currents D Internal Frequency Compensation D Output Short Circuit Protection D Latch Up Free Operation D Low Total Harmonic Distortion D High Slew Rate 13 V us Typ 0 003 D Common Mode Input Voltage Range Includes description ordering information The JFET input operational amplifiers the TL07x series are similar to the 08 series with low input bias and offset
54. 5 18 24V Thermal Overload Protection Short Circuit Protection Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection Internal Block Digram 2001 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation Description The 78 78 series of three terminal positive regulator are available m the TO 220 D PAK package and with several fixed output voltages makmg them useful m a widerange of applications Each type employs mtemal current limiting thermal shut down and safe operating area protection making it essentially mdestructible If adequate heat sinking is provided they can deliver over 1A output current Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators these devices can be used with extemal components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents 1 Input2 GND 3 Output Rev 1 0 0 159 KA78XX KA78XXA Electrical Characteristics 7805 Referto the test circuits OoC lt TJ lt 125 lo 21A V I 10V C I20 33 F 0 1 unless otherwise speci fied Sm KM TJ 250C Output Voltage vo 5mAto 1 5 15W 48 7 5V to 20V i 7 5V to 25V 10 500mA Line Regulation Note1 Regline 8V to 12V TJ 25 0C l Viz 8V to 12V TJ 25 0S lo 5mAto 1 5A HE EX LoadRegulation Note1 Regload 10 5 1 fo 2s0mato 750A Quiescent Current Change BEEN EE Erw mm
55. 5 181 85 159 Good 5 37 1 33 2 36 6 3 S 77 138 5 181 55 160 Good 5 31 1 31 2 30 7 3 29 81 140 5 182 15 166 Good 5 33 1 31 2 28 8 3 2 75 137 5 181 25 155 Good 5 30 1 30 2 27 9 3 2 67 133 5 180 05 162 Good 5 32 1 31 2 31 10 3 24 72 136 180 8 152 Good 5 25 1 26 2 23 83 1415 18245 138 29 4 28 5 31 1 25 2 24 12 3 27 85 142 5 182 75 141 YOY 4 26 5 Table 4 4 Endurance Test 49 Karvonen formula used in the test produces a maximum minimum heart rate in which the training heart rate is expected to be within that range In evaluation any heart rate inside the Karvonen range is considered good endurance for an individual Assuming trainees put enough effort in their trainings heart rates less than the minimum are regarded as very good because the training has a minimal effect on the individual Heart rates that are greater than the maximum are then considered as bad endurance Speed Test To evaluate the speed of the trainee the time gathered along with the input distance will be used Since time will be used as the parameter to evaluate the speed of the trainee the stopwatch and accelerometer reading will be used to compare the accuracy of the speed Given the time and distance the speed can be computed as Speed Distance Time 50 Stopwatch Speed Microcontroller Speed Percent Distance time reading from Trial
56. 874 PICI6F877A 15192021222324252627282 RDO PSPORD1 PSPIRD2 PSPIRD3 PSPSRC 4SDISDARCSSDORCSTXCKNC 121 16 87 FIGURE 1 1 PIC16F873A 876A BLOCK DIAGRAM Note 1 Higher order bits ace fom the Status register 122 16 87 FIGURE 1 2 6 874 877 BLOCK DIAGRAM RAQANO RALANI RAZLANZI VREF CVREF RASANSVREF RA4TOCKICIOUT RASANA4SSCO2OUT REORDANS RELWRANS REDCSANT a pers pese I f Note 1 Higher order bits are fom Status 2003 Missoshin Technology Ine D339582B page 7 123 16 87 TABLE 1 2 1 16 873 876 PINOUT DESCRIPTION PDIP SOIC QFN Buffer ae OSCI CLEI ST CMOS Ostillator crystal extemal clock input OSCl P buffer when configured in RC mode otherwise Extemal clock d EM CLEI function OSC1 see OSC1 CLKL OSC2 CLKO pins Oscillator crystal clock output Oscillator crystal output Connects to crystal or resonator in Crystal Oscillator mode In RC mode OSC2 pin outputs CLKO which has 1 4 the frequency of OSC1 and denotes the instruction cycle rate ST Master Clear input or programming voltage output Master Clear Reset input This pin is am active low Reset to the device Programming voltage input PORTA is a bidirectional port TIL Digital Analogin
57. ACKAGE FK PACKAGE FKPACKAGE TOP VIEW TOP VIEW z m o E NC 32 11 17L 20UT NC aU NC NC 16 IN 17 U Vcc 11 50 21N NC 16 NC NC 140 Nc IN 15 OUT 0 14 20828 o gt v NC No internal connection symbols 071 TL072 each amplifier OFFSET N1 TL074 each amplifier 14 IN OUT OUT IN IN OFFSET N2 X Texas POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS TEXAS 75265 152 TLO71 TLO71A TL071B 11 072 1L072A TL072B TL074 TL074A TLO74B LOWCNOISE JFEICINPUT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS SEPTEMBER 1978 REVISED MARCH 2005 E schematic each amplifier vcc ml VCC 1 ILUN Ummy All component values shown are nominal COMPONENT COUNTT COMPD ae TL071 TLO72 11074 Includes bias andtrim circuitry POST OFFICE 655303 DALLAS TEXAS 75255 153 071 071 TL071B TL072 TLO72A TL072B 074 074 074 LOWCNOISE JFETCINPUT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 5105080 SEPTEMBER 1978 REVISED MARCH 2005 absolute maximum ratings over operating free air temperature range unless otherwise noted t Supply voltage see Note 1 Voc 18V VCC 18 V Differential input voltage Vip see Note 2 30 V Input voltage Vj see Notes 1 and 3 i15V Duration of output short circuit see Note 4 Unlimited Package thermal impedance see Notes 5 and 6 D
58. ADC 0 MaxADC For x 0 To 249 HSEROUT SADC x HSEROUT Dec3 sADC x 32 Next For 1 To 249 If sADC x gt MaxADC Then Break Else EndIf Next x If x 249 Then Else HSEROUT Dec3 EndIf Compute Pulse Rate FTime x 2 4 FTime FTime 400 FTime FTime 1000 FTime 60 FTime Cls Print at 1 1 Pulse Rate Print at 2 1 Dec5 PRate FTime 100 FTDec 100 FTDec FTDec HSerOut H Dec3 FTime 13 HSerOut PHBPM Dec5 FTDec 10 13 rndFlag 2 75 Return GoTo sStartHere End gt Zigbee Source Code Device 16F877A Declare Xtal 4 Declare watchdog OFF Declare FSR_CONTEXT_SAVE On All_Digital TRUE Remarks Declare LCD_DTPin 0 Declare LCD_RSPin 0 Declare LCD ENPin PORTD 1 Declare LCD Lines 2 Declare LCD Interface 4 Hserial Baud 9600 Hserial RCSTA 2610010000 Hserial TXSTA 9600100100 Hserial Clear on TRISA FF TRISB 0F TRISC 80 TRISD AC TRISE 07 Dim gCtr As Byte Dim strvar 13 As Byte Dim keytemp As Byte Dim accelX As Byte Dim accelY As Byte Dim accelZ As Byte Dim HRate As Byte Dim lapSec As Word Dim lapCtr As Byte DelayMS 500 15 Print At Print At INITIALIZING 1 1 DEVICE 0 PORTD 1 0 12 0 5 5000 DRV_ERROR 0 1 DelayMS 1000 PORTC 0 0 DelayMS 5000 PORTD O PORTD 1 Dela
59. ADC As Byte Dim FTime As Float Dim PRate As Word Dim sADC 250 As Byte Dim x As Byte Dim ctr As Word Dim b As Byte Interrupt TMRO 0 GIE 1 TOIE 1 sStartHere GIE 1 TOIE 1 xctr 0 x 0 MaxADC 0 FTime 0 ctr 0 66 5 0 PRate 0 xctr 0 HSerOut improper settings 13 sMain Junk Reference while 1 If xctr 5000 Then If MaxADC lt 90 Then Default 100 GOTO sStartHere Else GOTO SNew2 EndIf Else aRead ADIn O If MaxADC aRead Then Else MaxADC aRead EndI EndIf wend Check ADC Baseline 0 sNew2 xctr 0 While 1 aRead ADIn 0 If aRead lt 45 Then Break EndIf wend MaxADC MaxADC 10 Check ADC Max If Less Than aRead ADC sNew3 while 1 aRead ADIn 0 If MaxADC lt aRead Then xctr 0 Break Endif wend Delay before reading sNew4 while 1 If xctr gt 500 Then default 25 Break Endif wend x 0 ctr 0 Get Final Pulse Rate SFindADC while 1 aRead ADIn SADC x aRead 1 sRepeat If ctr gt 3 Then ctr 0 If x gt 250 Then Break Endif sFindADC Else GOTO sRepeat 67 EndIf wend SSENDUART GIE 0 TOIE 0 SADC 0 2MaxADC For 0 To 249 HSEROUT SADC x HSEROUT Dec3 sADC x 32 Next x For x 1 To 249 If sADC x gt MaxADC Then Break Else Endif Next x If x 249 Then Else HSEROUT Dec3 x OK Endif Compute Pulse Rate 1 x 2 4 FTime FTime 400 FTime FTime 1000 FTime 60 FTime cls Print at 1 1 Pulse Rate Print at 2
60. BECOM Dec 4 2008 Darcy Calabro et al Accuracy of Armband Monitors for Measuring Daily Energy Expenditure in Healthy Adults Medicine amp Science in Sports amp Exercise November 2010 pp 2134 2140 55 David Geer Users Make Beeline for ZigBee Sensor Technology Computer Dec 2005 p 16 DE VRIES SANNE 1 et al Evaluation of Neural Networks to Identify Types of Activity Using Accelerometers Medicine amp Science in Sports amp Exercise January 2011 pp 101 107 En Wei Huang Li Chen Fu Gesture Stroke Recognition Using Computer Vision and Linear Accelerometer Automatic Face amp Gesture Recognition 19 Sept 2008 Fabio L Zucatto et al ZigBee for Building Control Wireless Sensor Networks Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference IMOC Nov 1 2007 p 511 Guang zhong Yang Sports Body Sensor Networks Medical Devices and Biosensors June 2008 p 14 Jang I J Park W B Signal Processing of the Accelerometer on Handheld Devices Robot and Human Interactive Communication November 2003 p 139 56 Khalil Sornanathan Fitness monitoring system based on heart rate and SpO2 level November 2010 Moron et al A Wireless Monitoring System for Pulse oximetry Sensors Systems Communications 17 Aug 2005 p 79 Ohyama et al Electric cart control system for adjustable pedal load using dynamic parallel distributed compensation method Oc
61. Checked True Then Client name cmbName Elself chkSelect Checked False Then Client name txtName End If End Sub Private Sub List Clients Dim FileReader As StreamReader FileReader New StreamReader ListPath 8 Index end While Not FileReader EndOfStream cmbName Items Add FileReader ReadLine End While FileReader Close End Sub Private Sub Clear 145 cmbName Items Clear cmbName Text Nothing lblCheck Text Nothing txtAge Text Nothing txtName Text Nothing txtContact Text Nothing rdbMale Checked Fals rdbFemale Checked Fals End Sub Private Sub btnAdd Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnAdd Click Check Name cmbName Text txtName Text If Client name Nothing Or txtAge Text Nothing Or rdbMale Checked False And _ rdbFemale Checked False Then MessageBox Show Do not leave required fields blank Client s Info 0 MessageBoxIcon Exclamation 0 0 False Exit Sub 105 End If If txtContact TextLength lt gt 11 And txtContact TextLength lt gt 7 And txtContact Te Messa xtLe geBo ngth lt gt 0 Then x Show Please follow the format of the contact number as it will be used for verifications or inquiries Client s Info 0 MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False txtContact Text
62. D DESIGN LITERATURES AND STUDIES 10 Chapter 3 DESIGN PROCEDURES 22 Hardware Development 23 Block Diagram 24 Software Development 26 Prototype Development 38 Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 43 vi Data Transmission Test 43 Time Measurement Test 44 Pulse Rate Measurement Test 43 Endurance Test 48 Speed Test 50 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 52 CONCLUSION 52 RECOMMENDATION 53 BIBLIOGRAPHY 55 APPENDIX 57 APPENDIX A OPERATION S MANUAL 58 System Requirements 58 Installation Procedure 59 User s Manual 60 Troubleshooting Guides and Procedures 63 APPENDIX B PICTURES OF PROTOTYPE 64 Wrist Device 64 Handheld Device 64 Lap Indicator Module 65 Batteries and Charger 65 APPENDIX C PROGRAM LISTING 66 Microcontroller Source Code 66 Software Application Form Scripts 82 APPENDIX D DATASHEETS 112 APPENDIX E SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT 164 APPENDIX F SPECIFICATIONS OF THE DIGITAL BLOOD PRESSURE USED IN THE TESTING 197 vii LIST OF TABLES Table 3 10 List of Materials 38 Table 4 1 Data Transmission Test 43 Table 4 2 Time Measurement Test 45 Table 4 3 Pulse Rate Measurement Test 47 Table 4 4 Endurance Test 49 Table 4 5 Speed Computation Using the Time Reading from the Stopwatch and Microcontroller 51 viii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3 1 Conceptual Diagram Figure 3 2 System Block Diagram Figure 3 3 Use Case Diagram Figure 3 4 Data Flow Diagram Figure 3 5 Activity Diagr
63. N SPECIFICATIONS Program Organization Main Form Trainee Form Browse Form Training Form Major Data Structures Primitive Types Boolean Expressions that are used during a True or False definition Characters Data comprising characters and symbols Integers Collection of signed numbers frequently used for counting and indexing String Sets of characters that are a major element in data storage 170 Single numbers with decimal values required in drawing rectangles in a picturebox Arrays Set of single decimal numbers to store lap times and heart rates during the course of training Key Algorithms Indexed searching searching all existing trainees using a file that gathers names every time they are added Unique counting keeps track of the days passed during training and the number of trainings a specific trainee has engaged in Parsing reads a specific data format to translate them into readable information Major Objects Form frm are main objects used hold the menus Label Ibl are texts that describe the purpose of textboxes Textbox txt are fields that let user input strings or numbers Group Box grp are objects containing several other objects to treat contained objects as one 171 Combo cmb are objects which comprise of searched strings to implement selection Radio Button rdb are objects that serve as a Boolean for specified
64. RALANI 885 RADANDVREF CVREF gt RBSPGM RA4TOCKICIOUT RE RAS AN4SSCIOUT BS VSS e RBDINT OSCLCLEI lt gt OSCICLKO ROOTIOSOTICEI a RCLTIOSLCCP2 ROSTA CK RCSSDO REISEL 9 4 RADANDVREF CVREF 92 58 T RA4TOCKICIOUT 3 RASAN4SSCQOUT PICI6F873A vss 0 5 OSCICLEI 1 16 76 OSCICLKO mx 891011121314 1050 1 1 1 11051 IRCVCCPIRCHSCK SCLRC SDI RC6TXCERCSSDORC4SDISDARD3 PSPS 44 Pin QFN RD2PSPIRD PSPIRDOPSPORCS SCHSCLR a CXCCPIRCITIOSLCCP RCOTIOSO TICKI 4443414140393437363534 ROURXDT 1 33 OSCICLEO 324 OSCLCLEI RDSPSPS 31d RD6296 Q2 j4 30d _ Vss RDIPST 29 VDD 16 874 21 OSAN VDD ig PIC16F877A 25 RELWRANS RANT 25 77 REORDANS 1 po Nf RASANASSCIOUT R52 ju 35 Lo 1213141516171819202122 t tt t RBS PGMNCRE4RESRSS PGCRBT PGDMCL RVPRAQ VANIRADANDVREF CVREFRAS DS 39582B paze 2 AMA Misoshin 120 16 87 Pin Diagrams Continued 40 Pin PDIP MCLRVPP 01 BANANO 12
65. S AND STUDIES This chapter includes compiled research works and studies that are related to the design The content of this chapter is used as reference for the development of the design The group used the following related articles research works and inventions as reference which will aid in having an in depth understanding about the design that the group worked on Khalil and Sornanathan 2010 says that a real time system that monitors and analyzes the physical signals during fitness activity was called CaszOxiSys The system has light emitting diode and photodiode used to receive signals Bluetooth was used to transmit these signals wirelessly a netbook or laptop for Signal evaluation The Karvonen formula was also used in this paper in which it calculates the heart rate based on age gender resting heart rate maximum heart rate and fitness level With this paper the Karvonen formula acts as a guideline for fitness workout sessions This paper is related to our design since the CaszOxiSys was used to analyze the physiological data of an individual same as with our software program that evaluates the endurance of a person The design used the Karvonen formula to make an evaluation of the person s endurance It also supports the design in using the formula because they also used it as reference The paper transmits data using Bluetooth this design uses 10 Zigbee Pro They also used pulse oximeter for measuring the pulse rate while
66. Table 4 1 deals on the transmission of the gathered data in relation to the distance between the wearable device and the handheld device The testing took place in an oval wherein the trainee will run The trainee should observe proper posture of running The handheld device can be placed within the range of the Zigbee module given that it is line of sight On the other hand the lap indicator module is fixed on the starting point and at the same time it will be on the ending point Once the user stops from running the user must refrain from swaying his her hands in order for the device to measure the pulse rate and to transfer the data to the handheld device The distance of running will be varied The distance is then increased at an increment of 100 meters until it reached the maximum distance the Zigbee module can cover Above 1 5 km the data could not be transmitted to the handheld device If red LED is on it indicates that a connection is established between the ZigBee devices Otherwise the red LED will continuously blink Data Packet is transmitted and written to the flash drive whenever the flash drive LED blinks otherwise transmission failed The packet consists of the lap number and time but accepts more than 6 bytes whenever there are ASCII conversion errors Time Measurement Test The purpose of this test is to determine if the gathered data are accurate Time is an essential factor in evaluating the speed of the user The test will
67. WEARABLE DEVICE FOR SPEED AND ENDURANCE ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING USING IMPROVISED STETHOSCOPE AND ACCELEROMETER WITH USB RECEIVER VIA ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGY by Jan Mikael C Estabillo Mary Anne U Fabia Maritoni J Maculanlan Darlon Jay C Mondejar Maica A Punsalang A Design Report Submitted to the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics Engineering and Computer Engineering in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Mapua Institute of Technology March 2011 Approval Sheet Mapua Institute of Technology School of EECE This is to certify that we have supervised the preparation of and read the design report prepared by Jan Mikael C Estabillo Mary Anne U Fabia Maritoni J Maculanlan Darlon Jay C Mondejar and Maica A Punsalang entitled WEARABLE DEVICE FOR SPEED AND ENDURANCE ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING SYSTEM USING ACCELEROMETER AND IMPROVISED STETHOSCOPE WITH USB RECEIVER VIA ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGY and that the said report has been submitted for final examination by the Oral Examination Committee Engr Cyrel Ontimare Manlises Design Adviser As members of the Oral Examination Committee we certify that we have examined this design report presented before the committee on March 05 2011 and hereby recommended that it be accepted in fulfilment of the design requirements for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Engr A Padilla Panel
68. ad2 As Byte Dim sADC 250 As Byte Dim aRead As Byte Dim MaxADC As Byte Dim FTime As Float Dim PRate As Word Dim FTDec As Dword Dim LapC As Byte Dim x As Byte Dim b As Byte 1 00 TMRO 0 OPTION_REG 03 TRISA 3F TRISB F7 TRISC 80 TRISD 00 TRISE 07 5 500 TOIF 0 TOIE 0 GIE 0 while 1 1 hserout U i delayms 500 wend startHere lapctr 0 Lapc 0 runF 1 rndFlag 0 sendFlag 0 PORTB 3 1 while 1 1 If PORTB 7 0 Then 5 50 while PORTB 7 0 wend 5 50 1 ADIn 1 pARead2 ADIn 2 axctr 0 PORTB 3 0 GoTo startRunnin Endif wend 70 startRunnin 0 1 1 testval 0 while 1 1 testval Counter 0 40 careadl adin 1 cARead2 ADIn 2 If cARead2 gt pARead2 Then cAReadl cARead2 pARead2 ElseIf cARead2 lt pARead2 Then cAReadl pARead2 cARead2 Else cARead1 0 EndIf If cAReadl 10 Then not moving If axctr 2940 Then runF 0 If rndFlag 0 Then sendFlag 0 rndFClock rndFlag 1 0 Endif GoSub heartRateMeter HSerOut GET HEARTRATE 10 13 StopBPM GOTO StopBPM EndIf Else reset movement counter axctr 0 set current reading as previous 71 pARead2 cARead2 Endif If testval gt 20 And runF 1 Then hit GIE 0 Lapc Lapc 1 HSerOut PL Dec3 Lapc Dec5 lapctr
69. alcharacteristics at specified virtual junction temperature VI 10 V IO 40 mA 25 C unless otherwise noted PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX TYP MAX Ourparvottage ls lx Vi 7Vt020V U Ripple rejection Vi 8V 157 120 nmm de T 77 95 15 Output voltage rezulation I0 1g to 40 52 aE aa Owpunosevog a Pulse testing techniques maintain as close to as possible Thermal effects must be taken into accountseparately All characteristics are measured with 0 33 capacitor across the input and a 0 1 uF capacitor across the output electrical characteristics at specified virtual junction temperature VI 12 V IO 40 mA 25 C unless otherwise noted PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN vini VI 85Vt020V 35 t voltage regulation 7 Ripple rejection VI 10V to 20V 12 a Sperry Sa Output noise rcm 0 46 7 Pulse testing techniques maintin as close to as possible Thermal effects must be taken into accountseparately All characteristics measured with a 0 33 capacitor across the input and a 0 1 uF capacitor across the output Pe Texas s 8 POST OFFICE BOX 655305 1 DALLAS TEXAS 75263 117 MICROCHIP PIC16F87XA Data Sheet 28 40 44 P1n Enhanced Flash Microcontrollers 118 28 40 44 Pin Enhanced Flash Microcontr
70. am Figure 3 6 Schematic Diagram of the Wrist Device Figure 3 7 Schematic Diagram of the Handheld Device 22 24 26 28 30 32 36 ABSTRACT This project concerns runners as its target users because running is the most widely used endurance test for both athletes and non athletes Of late bulky equipments are required to measure speed and pulse rates for endurance assessment To amend the situation the designers have incorporated both speed and pulse rate measurements into a single device This was done by compressing the prototype circuit into a small printed circuit board PCB using nickel metal hydride batteries and the use of a strap to hold the stethoscope and the circuit along the wrist The device was able to provide mobility because of the rechargeable batteries and wireless transmission of data using ZigBee Further a software application is included to translate data into readable information This design will have a large impact on those who undergo endurance tests as it will ease condition monitoring from endurance by providing graphical interpretation of the activity and portability on devices used Keywords endurance ZigBee USB software application rechargeable battery Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Background Often times trainers have a hard time measuring the intensity of the training they impart to their trainees and the performance of the individual throughout the training prog
71. ame Text NIndex end 0 cmbName Items Item 0 86 End Sub Private Sub Load Training Number cmbTraining Items Clear For Me x 1 To 32767 If File Exists DataPath amp Dayl_ 8 cmbName Text amp x 6 True Then cmbTraining Items Add x ToString Else Exit For End If Next If cmbTraining Items Count lt gt 0 Then cmbTraining Text cmbTraining Items Item 0 End If End Sub Private Sub Load Fields If File Exists DataPath amp Initial_ 8 cmbName Text 4 cmbTraining Text amp end True Then cmbName yet End Dim FileReader As StreamReader FileReader New StreamReader DataPath 8 Initial_ 6 Text amp cmbTraining Text amp end FileReader ReadLine InitialDay FileReader ReadLine Training Length FileReader ReadLine Distance FileReader ReadLine txtDistance Text Distance FileReader Close CurrentDay Today DayOfYear InitialDay If CurrentDay lt gt 1 Then txtDays Enabled False End If txtDays Text Training Length txtCurrent Text CurrentDay Else MessageBox Show The selected client has no training record Browse Client Record 0 MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False pcbGraph Refresh End If Sub Private Sub Karvonen Dim MaxHR MinHR TotalHR index As Single index CurrentDay While HRrest index 0
72. amp train no amp end MainStr FileReader ReadToEnd FileReader Close index 0 2 While Pos lt gt 0 Search Pos InStr MainStr L CompareMethod Text Pos 0 Then Pos InStr MainStr H CompareMethod Text Pos 0 Then Invalid MessageBox Show Invalid File Format Deleting Training 0 MessageBoxIcon Exclamation 0 0 False Dim DayHandler As New FileInfo DataPath amp Day amp 6 amp txtName Text 8 train no amp end DayHandler Delete GoTo NextDay End If Pos InStr MainStr CompareMethod Text StrTemp Mid MainStr Pos 6 StrTemp StrTemp Trim If IsNumeric StrTemp Then 95 LapHR x 1 Else GoTo Invalid End If Pos InStr MainStr R Pos lt gt 0 Then MainStr Pos InStr MainStr CompareMethod Text StrTemp StrTemp If IsNumeric StrTemp StrTemp Mid MainStr Mid MainStr StrTemp Trim CompareMethod Text Pos 1 4 Then HRrest x 1 End If End If FileSelect Exit While End If Pos InStr MainStr StrTemp Mid MainStr StrTemp StrTemp Trim IntAdapt StrTemp If IntAdapt gt 0 Then LapTime index StrT ElseIf IntAdapt 0 Then MainStr Mid MainStr GoTo Search ElseIf Not IsNumeric StrTemp GoTo Invalid End If MainStr Mid MainStr index 1 End While
73. an appropriate person wirelessly To further increase its portability it can also transfer data through USB Universal Serial Bus Moron et al cite the concept of a wearable device which gives a great impact on medical applications This paper illustrates the different benefits of a wireless technology One of these is that it provides freedom of movements since no wires will hinder the user and so it will improve the user s quality of life Great benefit of a wireless device is that it increments the medical presence in emergency scenarios and makes possible remote diagnosis This research helps 18 the proponents to up with the idea of a wearable endurance detection device which gives a unique quality to other inventions present today This will serve as a two in one device which includes a pulse rate sensor and a gesture recognition system It will be presented on a medium size package or a wearable manner specifically to be put on wrists Zucatto et al 2007 deal with the difference between ZigBee and Bluetooth and the basic concepts of ZigBee ZigBee arrived in 2005 in 2 4 GHZ band and has a lower data rate than Bluetooth spends most of its time snoozing and targets building automation as the main application ZigBee is a wireless technology that is a low cost yet long reach 100 m This study shows that ZigBee represents a promising technology for the development of innovative products ZigBee battery lifes
74. ancel Then pcbGraph Refresh Else Load_Graph redraw all the recent training graphs for browsing End If ElseIf IO File Exists DataPath amp Day amp CurrentDay amp amp txtName Text amp train no amp end False Then When current day has no existing graph 1 graph to new file SaveData Load_Graph Draw the current graph up to the first day Else Load_Graph End If End If End Sub Private Sub Clear 11 txtDays Text Nothing txtAge Text Nothing txtRest Text Nothing txtEvaluation Text Nothing txtName Text Nothing End Sub Private Sub Check Default If txtDays Text lt gt Nothing Then IntAdapt txtDays Text End If If txtDays Text Nothing Or IntAdapt lt 12 And txtDays Enabled True Then training length field is blank MessageBox Show The minimum number of training days is 12 Checking program defaults _ 0 MessageBoxIcon Stop 0 0 False txtDays Text 12 93 End End Sub Private Sub Inval If Not IsNum id Value ByVal sender ric sender Text And sender Text lt gt Nothing Then input is not a number and is not empty MessageBox Show Only numerical inputs are required Invalid Field Value 0 i MessageBoxIcon Warning 0 0 False Notify Client of the invalid input sender Te Clears t End If End Sub If txtDays Te If File E
75. and Add Update that require three fields to be filled before the process prevents a null input during validation process Fields follow a specific format and must not 26 deviate from them so as to avoid error encounters A convenient select mode is also provided to be able to search for existing clients in the record While adding check availability is included to inform the user of the existence of the name in the record The registration can be cancelled at any point during the process Manage Trainings Use Case Revision cannot be opened unless a user has been selected during the registration process The form prevents errors by providing limitations on input The resting heart rate can be left blank to signify a no change of data while a blank track distance is equivalent to 0 meters An evaluation is incorporated to assess the endurance based on the change of heart rate A refresh is also included to redraw the graph whenever distorted A convenient open dialog box is provided to ease file browsing The Graph can be dragged to view concealed parts of the training easily View Training History Use Case Browsing requires the choice of graph type through radio buttons and a selection within two combo boxes that list all the existing clients and trainings from the corresponding record It automatically requests information and proceeds immediately to evaluation Drag capability is also enabled to provide interactive interface on the graph
76. ange Supply Current Tum On Time TEMPERATURE Operating Temperature Range Defined as coupling between any two axes z amp essentials caesis 0 Vs Conditions Min Each axis of full scale Each axis 3 270 V 3 V Each axis V 3V 1 2 No extemal filter No extemal filter Selftest 0 to 1 Selftest 0 to 1 Selftest 0 to 1 Noload Noload 1 8 V 3V No extemal filter bandigr 705 Hz 3 6 03 20 1 zl 300 330 20 015 15 1 3 zl 350 1600 550 32 15 55 306 24 60 150 150 60 01 2 8 3 6 320 70 6 855 54 BEBE lt lt B MM NN Force 75 70003 bandwidth 1 6 kHz For C 0 01 yk bandwidth 500 Hz For Cx 10 yF 9 Tum on time is dependent on 5 5 and is approximately 160 C or Cy or 1 ms where C are in pF Rev Page 3 of 16 143 ADXL330 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS i Rating Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings Acceleration Any Axis Unpowered 10 000 g F z 5 se esc Acceleration Any Axis Powered 10 000 ind or lp dre oct V 03Vt 20V EAN UP igni All Other Pins COM 03 V to 03 section of this specification is not implied Exposure to absolute v E maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect Output Short Circuit Duration Ind
77. arger 1 250 250 Table 3 10 List of Materials 38 Accelerometer Accelerometer will be used to sense the pulse rate and gestures of the user The model of the accelerometer used is ADXL330 It is a small thin low power complete 3 axis accelerometer with signal conditioned voltage outputs all on a single monolithic IC It measures acceleration and can measure the static acceleration of gravity tilt sensing applications as well as dynamic acceleration resulting from motion shock or vibration VDIP1 VDIP1 is ideal for developing and rapid prototyping which makes this module suitable for incorporation into low and medium volume finished product designs It is a module that is an MCU to embedded dual USB host controller IC device This will be used in the design as the USB interface which serves as the receiver PIC16F877 A microcontroller was used to act as a computer to the design This includes processor core and the programmable input output peripherals with a maximum of 33 I O pins This will automatically control the device that is dependent on how it is programmed using PicBasic Language 39 ZigBee Wireless Technology ZigBee is intended to be simpler and less expensive than other WPANSs like Bluetooth It is targeted at radio frequency RF applications that require a low data rate long battery life and secure networking This will act as the transceiver of the design because of its wide range and low cons
78. ccelerometer and sensory systems were used and so for the proposed design The paper entitled Signal Processing of The Accelerometer on Handheld Devices issued last November 2003 reports about treating signals of 14 accelerometers to recognize user gestures from detected signals from accelerometers after applying small accelerometers to handheld devices and about how to precisely recognize gestures to detect user gestures It also accounts how to use handheld devices in recognizing gestures by overheads arising from the process of recognizing gestures should be little and gestures should be effectively recognized in real operational environments The result states that because gesture based control is easy to use plus it can reduce preparation process in controlling rapid system reaction then it is a proper user interface for handheld devices primarily used in mobile environments This paper relates to the design of the proponents because small accelerometer was used in a handheld device This project design also uses small accelerometer that comes in a small package plus it is a wearable device The proponents chose this paper because it has same approach that a small accelerometer detects and recognizes the gesture of the users on a handheld device From the article Evaluation of Neural Networks to Identify Types of Activity Using Accelerometers they used the ActiGraph accelerators which were placed on each of the subject s hip
79. ce e Systolic and diastolic blood pressure amp pulse e Features angled faceplate and extra large LCD panel for improved visibility e Includes AC adapter e Optional operation on 4 AA batteries included 197
80. cept since it is a low pass filter Thus any frequency below fc is considered a pulse rate 33 A differential operational amplifier is used to further amplify the signal with same resistance on its input and output terminals A 0 1 pF capacitor is connected on the Sallen Key Butterworth Amplifier which can possibly be 1 to 0 1 pF on the output to filter noise and prevent oscillation The 0 1 uF capacitor also serves as a AC to DC converter of the audio signal together with a diode The diode is used for its fast switching capability needed for the realtime circuit The DC audio signal is then fed to the microcontroller for storage and transmission The PIC microcontroller supply pins are connected to a positive voltage regulator with an output of 5 Volts Clock inputs are connected to a 4 MHz crystal oscillator in which the circuitry needs a maximum of 20 MHz of clock frequency that allows the operation of the microcontroller Here is how the resistors are computed V 3 V 5V Imn v Tave Imax R 5V 50pA 200pA 400 R 12 5kQ 20kQ 100kQ 34 Thus 22kQ is sufficient for the circuit Since the load capacitance for parallel resonant crystal is given in the datasheet as 21 5pF the load capacitor for the crystal oscillator is computed as follows _ 1 2 CL where and C are equal and Cs or Stray Capacitor is typically 5pF will give the equation
81. cs in picture box Dim DataPath As String My Computer FileSystem SpecialDirectories Temp amp Trainings Dim ListPath As String My Computer FileSystem SpecialDirectories Temp amp Clients Dim LapTime 255 LapHR 255 HRrest 255 As Single Integer array with one decimal place Dim Pos As Integer Determines point of comparison in parsing Dim i x As Integer Declaration of subsitute variables Dim IntAdapt As Integer Variable to align integers to the right side Dim x_scroll y scroll As Integer Form variables for scroll bar movement Dim x coord new x coord As Integer Dim x graph y graph x end y end x start y start As Single Coordinates for plotting points Dim index LargestTime HeartRate InitialDay CurrentDay Training Length As Single Data mapping variables Dim RestingHR Age AverageHR Speed Distance TotalTime As Single Heart Rate Computa Dim YScroll As Dim response As Msg Boolean tion Variables False BoxResult Variable to recieve the respons Dim Graph scale As Single Dim Graph Length As Single Const x allowance 100 y allowance Scales for graphing Private Sub Load Graph in the message box 50 75 drag sensitivity pcbGraph Refresh pcbGraph CreateGraphics g FillRectangle Brushes Black pcbGraph Location X scroll 0 allowance LargestTime graph scale y al
82. cument Reference No FT 000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 ance No FTDIs 131 Program or update firmware via USB Flash disk via UART Parallel FIFO SPI interface Power and traffic indicator LED s VNC1L firmware programming control pins and brought out onto jumper VDIP1 is a Pb free RoHS complaint module Schematics and firmware files available for download from the Vinculum website 131 Document Reference No 000016 4 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 3 Clearance No FTDI 131 A 3 Chip 3 Out and Signal Description 3 1 Module Pin Out AD6 13 2 5 AD7 AD4 ACO 9 1 AD2 AC2 En AD1 GND L GND ADO AC4 d U1M acs 2 uP RS 2 102 LD1 3V3 5 0 Figure 3 1 VDIP1 Module Pin Qut Top View 132 Fw FT DI Document Reference No FT_000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 A Chip Clearance No 131 3 2 Pin Signal Description 5 0 V module supply pin This pin provides the 5 0V output on the USB type socket and also the 3 3V supply to VNCL2 via on beard 3 3 V 1 0 0 USB port 1 traffic activity indicator LED This pin is hard wiredto a green LED on board the It is also brought out onto this pin which allows for the possibility of bring ing out an additional LED traffic
83. d Text StrTemp Mid MainStr Pos 4 StrTemp StrTemp Trim If IsNumeric StrTemp Then HRrest x 1 StrTemp End If End If Exit While End If Pos InStr MainStr CompareMethod Text StrTemp Mid MainStr Pos 6 StrTemp StrTemp Trim IntAdapt StrTemp If IntAdapt gt 0 Then LapTime index StrTemp ElseIf IntAdapt 0 Then MainStr Mid MainStr Pos 1 GoTo Search ElseIf Not IsNumeric StrTemp Then GoTo Invalid End If MainStr Mid MainStr Pos 1 index 1 End While 83 pcbGraph pcbGraph TotalTime 0 For Me i 0 To If LapTime index i gt Largest nd If Next i If LargestTime graph_scal ElseIf LargestT graph_scal lself Largest graph_scal ElseIf Largest graph_scal lself Largest graph_scal lself Largest graph_scale End If Speed Speed m 4 4 n 4 n Distanc x reference graph 1 TotalTime LapTime i estTime Then Time LapTime i gt 5000 Then 10 ime lt 5000 And LargestTime gt 1000 Then 5 ime lt 1000 And LargestTime gt 500 Then 2 ime lt 500 And LargestTime gt 100 Then 1 ime lt 100 And LargestTime gt 50 Then 05 ime lt 50 LargestTime gt 0 Then Eu e TotalTime index y graph Larg LargestTi
84. d stethoscope is not properly placed in the wrist It should be air tight so that it can properly hear the pulse rate 47 Endurance Test To evaluate the individual s endurance Karvonen formula is one of the most effective methods used to calculate training heart rate Prior to getting out of bed in the morning the trainee must take his pulse which is the resting heart rate Another element in finding the training heart rate zone is determining the intensity level at which the trainee should exercise As a general rule the trainee should exercise at an intensity between 50 85 of the heart rate reserve Given all the information needed it can now pull the information together in the Karvonen Formula Maximum Heart Rate 220 Age Resting Heart Rate 85 Resting Heart Rate Minimum Heart Rate 220 Age Resting Heart Rate 50 Resting Heart Rate 48 Resting Heart Karvonen Formula Pulse Maximum Rate Training Minimum Result Day No Rate bpm bpm bpm bpm 1 2 1 3 39 65 132 5 179 75 168 Good 5 39 1 42 2 36 2 3 36 7 135 5 180 65 165 Good 5 34 1 37 2 37 3 3 3 76 138 181 4 166 Good 5 37 1 42 2 38 4 3 70 135 180 5 170 Good 5 36 1 33 2 31 5 30 79 139
85. der As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ btnRefresh Click Check Default If File Exists DataPath amp Dayl_ 8 txtName Text amp train no amp end True Then Load Graph Else MessageBox Show You do not have anything to reload Reloading Graph 0 MessageBoxIcon Stop 0 0 False pcbGraph Refresh End If End Sub Private Sub btnEvaluate Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnEvaluate Click If File Exists DataPath amp Dayl_ 8 txtName Text amp train no amp end False Then MessageBox Show No graph to get data from Evaluating Endurance 0 MessageBoxIcon _ Exclamation 0 0 False Else Karvonen End If End Sub Private Sub txtDays TextChanged ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ txtDays TextChanged Invalid_Value sender End Sub Private Sub TextBoxl TextChanged ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles txtDistance TextChanged Invalid Value sender Load Graph End Sub Private Sub btnBack Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnBack Click Me Close End Sub Private Sub frmEndurance Load ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles MyBase Load Graph Length 200 Graph scale 0 1 btnRefresh Select
86. device in terms of convenience portability and usability While athletic performances continue to improve the accurate training prescription and feedback become important to the consistency of the training outcome and maintaining the performance margin Cheng et al 2010 is all about a practical cost effective user friendly stride parameter sensing system known as the Sensing for Sports And Managed Exercise SESAME Integrated System IS which is the first system 17 for supporting practical and long term biomechanics research studies in sprinting According to the article the device measures some parameters of sprinters such as split times i e which is speed related foot contact times stance times stride step length and stride step frequency etc which are important factors affecting athletes performances The system includes a light sensor based split time monitoring system a radio based localization athlete tracking system a stride length monitoring system and a centralized data repository It is somehow related to the proposed design since it measures different parameters of different movements of an athlete The pulse rate sensor and accelerometer sensor can measure an individual s speed directional movement and pulse rate The speed and movement are measured from the motion of the body part to be detected by the accelerometer It will also use ZigBee module to instantly transfer training data to the coach or to
87. e 6 and Female 7 On Click Male Radio Button 6 Check Male Radio Button 6 Uncheck Female Radio Button 7 On Click Female Radio Button 7 Check Female Radio Button 7 Uncheck Male Radio Button 6 On Click Select Check Box 8 If Select Check Box 8 is Checked Show Name Combo Box 14 Hide Name Text Box 1 Enable Select Button 9 Enable Delete Button 12 Clear Fields List Existing Clients in the Name Combo Box 13 1 Read clients from indexed record Store them to Name Combo Box 13 if no client is currently indexed 185 Clear Name Combo Box 13 Items If Select Check Box 8 is Unchecked Hide Name Combo Box 13 Disable Select Button 9 Disable Delete Button 12 Show Name Text Box 2 Clear Fields On Click Select Button 9 If any of the fields with is left blank Cancel Selection and notify user If Resting Heart Rate is not within the range 50 to 100 Cancel Selection and notify user if client exists in the record Register the client as the current selected client Clear Fields Uncheck Select Check Box 8 Hide Form Load Training Form If client does not exist Cancel selection and notify user 186 On Click Add Update Button 10 If any of the fields with is left blank Cancel Add Update and notify user If Resting Heart Rate is not within the range of 50 to 100 Cancel selection and notify user If name is invalid Cancel Adding Updating and notify user If not If clie
88. ec3 lapctr Print At 2 1 BPM strvar 5 strvar 6 strvar 7 strvar 8 strvar 9 PORTD 0 1 PORTD 1 0 EndIf GoSub writeData wend 78 GoSub myNumKeypad GoTo startHere WriteData SerOut PORTD 6 84 13 SerIn PORTD 5 84 1000 DRV ERROR SerOut PORTD 6 84 IPA 13 SerIn PORTD 5 84 1000 DRV ERROR SerOut PORTD 6 84 wait gt wait gt BPM TXT 13 SerIn PORTD 5 84 1000 DRV ERROR gt SerOut PORTD 6 84 WRF 30 13 SerOut PORTD 6 84 HR strvar 17 strvar 18 strvar 19 BPM SerOut PORTD 6 84 SerOut PORTD 6 84 SerOut PORTD 6 84 wRF 12 13 SerIn PORTD 5 84 1000 DRV ERROR SerOut PORTD 6 84 SerIn PORTD 5 84 1000 DRV ERROR Str strvar 12 Return myNumKeypad while 1 1 4 0 5 1 PORTB 6 1 If PORTB 0 0 Then DelayMS 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 0 0 wend DelayMS 100 PORTB 7 0 keytemp 1 Break ElseIf PORTB 1 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 1 0 wend 5 100 PORTB 7 0 keytemp 4 Break X strvar 2 strvar 3 strvar 4 Y strvar 7 strvar 8 strvar 9 z strvar 12 strvar 13 strvar 14 13 10 wait gt CLF BPM TXT 13 wait gt 79 ElseIf PORTB 2 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while PORTB 2 0 wend DelayMS 100 PORTB 7 0 keytemp 7 Break ElseIf PORTB 3 0 Then 5 100 PORTB 7 1 while
89. efinite device reliability Any Pin to Common Temperature Range Powered 55 C to 125 C emperature torage to 069 Figure 2 Recommended Soldering Profile Table 3 Recommended Soldering Profile Profile Feature Sn63 Pb37 Pb Free Average Ramp Rate T to 3 C s 3 C s max Preheat Minimum Temperature Tan 100 C 150 C Maximum Temperature 150 C 200 C Time 60s to 120s 605 to 180s Tsseax to Ta Ramp Up Rate 3 C s max 3 C s max Time Maintained Above Liquidous Tz Liquidous Temperature Tz 183 C 217 C Time t 60 51 1505 60s to 150s Peak Temperature 240 C 0 C 5 C 260 C 0 C 5 C Time within 5 C of Actual Peak Temperature t suos 20s to 40s 6 C s max 2 emperatut 5 mmutes max 1 itive device Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the UE Although this product features proprietary ESD protection circuitry permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy SENATE OR WF electrostatic discharges Therefore proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality Rev A Page 4 c 16 144 ADXL33 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS 43 9 65 q ai r ii i Figure 3 Pin Configuration Figure 4 Recommended PCB Layout Table 4 Pin Function Descriptions Pin No
90. el Graph Length Graph Length e Delta 10 If Graph Length 200 Then Graph Length 200 End If End Sub Private Sub pcbGraph MouseMove ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As MouseEventArgs Handles pcbGraph MouseMove If e Button MouseButtons Left Then X coord new MousePosition X If x coord new x coord Then X Scroll x coord new x coord drag sensitivity If pcbGraph Location X x scroll gt 0 Then pcbGraph Location New Point 0 57 y scroll Exit Sub End If Load Graph Elself x coord new x coord Then X scroll x coord new x coord drag sensitivity If pcbGraph Width 1000 Then pcbGraph Location New Point 0 57 y scroll Exit Sub End If If pcbGraph Location X x scroll lt pcbGraph Width 900 Then pcbGraph Location New Point pcbGraph Width 900 57 y scroll Exit Sub End If Load Graph End If End If End Sub Private Sub pcbGraph MouseDown ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As MouseEventArgs Handles pcbGraph MouseDown Cursor Cursors Hand X coord MousePosition X End Sub Private Sub pcbGraph MouseUp ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As MouseEventArgs Handles pcbGraph MouseUp 90 Cursor Cursors Default x scroll 0 Load_Graph End Sub Private Sub btnZoomIn Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal EventArgs Handles btnZoomIn Cl
91. ent Interface Design Estabillo Jan Mikael Select Mode Period is not needed e g Dela Cruz Juan C At least 9 characters laga 27 Contact Number 0 optional e g 09 7 or 6741234 Add Update or Select Client Client Form 1 is the window interface for managing client information Client Group Box 2 encloses all input fields Name label 3 is used to describe the adjacent text box which is the Name Text Box 4 or Name Combo Box hidden behind Name Text Box Name Text Box accepts any input and needs to follow the format shown in the Name Label to avoid errors The Name combo box replaces Name Text Box whenever the Select Check Box 5 is checked and automatically accesses the client record for information and indexing listed on the items of the combo box Altering Select Check Box immediately clears all fields Age Text Box 8 which is designated by the Age Label 7 accepts only numeric values and has a maximum input of 3 digits Contact Text Box 10 164 attributed by Contact label 9 is similar to Age Text Box except that it only accept 0 7 and 10 digit long numbers which are empty landline and mobile numbers respectively Gender group box 13 is responsible for keeping only one radio button checked The group box consists of the Male Radio Button 14 and Female Radio Button 15 to indicate a male and a female genders respectively Select Button 16 is enabled only whe
92. es based on a single tri accelerometer By this information it is very helpful to the proponents in developing the design Accelerometer will be used to measure the 13 gesture of the athletes With this can detect whenever the user starts stops performing and thus it can be a basis to know how far the user is running When the accelerometer detects the motion of the user the timer will automatically start and stop as the accelerometer detects that there is no more motion Fu 2008 presents a method to recognize the arm motions performing within a short time for instant interaction called gesture strokes It also used a computer vision and linear accelerometer The arm motion was first detected by the accelerometer with a time window From this window the information gathered will be used by these two sensory systems which individually estimate the probability mass distribution of the gesture stroke classes The set of weight exponents are learned by the Nelder Mead method that minimizes the empirical error rate of classifying all training samples The experiments show that these two sensory systems encompass with each other and the combination framework improves the recognition correct rate This research was related to the project design of the proponents because gesture strokes were also the bases in completing this design The proponents chose this paper because it accounts arm motions for a short time in an instant interaction a
93. esponding combo box 9 On Selected Index Change Training Number Combo Box 9 Query Training Record If Training Record exists Load Training Update Fields Training Length Text Box 4 Current Day Text Box 5 Age Text Box 6 and Endurance Evaluation Text Box 7 If Training Record does not exist Invalidate Graph Picture Box 11 Notify User On Distort Graph Picture Box 11 Reload Training and Fields 4 5 6 and 7 On MouseWheel Graph Picture Box 11 If direction is upward Expand graph length Else if downward Compress graph length On Click Back Button 13 Close Form 1 Return to Main Form On Click Zoom In Button 14 Expand length of graph On Click Zoom Out Button 15 Compress length of graph 189 Training Form Training Graph Graph Type Length of Training days Current Day Resting Heart Rate beats min Age Endurance Evaluation Clie line Bar 20 100 beats m 50 beats m Browse For File On Horizontal Scroll Training Form 1 Relocate all elements except Graph Picture Box 12 Reload Training On Vertical Scroll Training Form 1 Relocate all elements Reload Training On Load Training Form 1 Query Selected Client Record Update Fields Training Length Text Box 4 Current Day Text Box 5 Resting Heart Rate Text Box 6 Age Text Box 7 Name Text Box 10 Track Distance Text Box 11 Load Training On Text Change Training Lengt
94. ext Period is not needed InStr txtName Text CompareMethod Text 0 Then lCheck Text Don t forget the comma btnDelete Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e andles btnDelete Click Check cmbName Text txtName Text If File Exists ListPath 8 amp Client name amp end Tru Dim FileRemover As New FileInfo ListPath amp amp nt name amp end FileRemover Delete Dim x y As Integer Dim FileReader As StreamReader FileReader New StreamReader ListPath amp Index end 0 While Not FileReader EndOfStream End FileReader ReadLine y 1 While 109 FileReader Close FileRemover New FileInfo ListPath amp Index end FileRemover Delete Dim FileWriter As StreamWriter FileWriter New StreamWriter ListPath 8 Index end For x 0 1 cmbName Items Item x lt gt Nothing Then If cmbName Items Item x Client name Then FileWriter WriteLine cmbName Items Item x End If End If Next x FileWriter Close If File Exists ListPath amp Current end True Then Fil Reader New StreamReader ListPath amp Current end temp FileReader ReadLine FileReader Close If temp Client name Then FileRemover New FileInfo ListPath am
95. h Text Box 4 If input is not numeric Notify user Clear Training Length Text Box 4 190 On Text Change Track Distance Text Box 11 If input is not numeric Notify user Clear Track Distance Text Box 11 On Distort Graph Picture Box 12 Reload Training and Update Fields On Click Refresh Button 14 If Training exists Reload Training If not Notify user and invalidate Graph Picture Box 12 On Click Browse Button 11 If Current Day is greater than Training Length Ask user if a new training is necessary If yes Create new training record If no Reload Training Else if Current day has an existing training Ask user if replace is necessary If yes Replace current day training with selected data If no Reload training w o replacing Else if Current day has no training Create Training Record Load Created Record On MouseWheel Graph Picture Box 11 If direction is upward Expand graph length 191 Else if downward Compress graph length On Closing Training Form 1 Ask user if saving is necessary If yes Save training data If no Close Form 1 Return to Main Form If cancel Return to Training Form 1 Reload Training On Click Zoom In Button 16 Expand graph length On Click Zoom Out Button 17 Compress graph length 192 5 5 Add Update Clients Form Expected Test Case Entry Condition Output Name already exists Check Availability Name is invalid Add
96. ick Graph Length 50 Load_Graph End Sub Private Sub btnZoomOut_Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e EventArgs Handles btnZoomOut Click Graph Length 50 If Graph_Length lt 200 Then Graph Length 200 End If Load Graph End Sub End Class Training Form Imports System IO Imports System Drawing Public Class frmEndurance My Dim g As Graphics Definition for creating graphics in picture box Dim DataPath As String Computer FileSystem SpecialDirectories Temp amp Trainings Dim ListPath As String My Computer FileSystem SpecialDirectories Temp amp NClients Dim LapTime 100 LapHR 100 HRrest 100 As Single Integer array with one decimal place Dim Pos As Integer Determines point of comparison in parsing Dim i x train no As Integer Declaration of subsitute variables Dim IntAdapt As Integer Variable to align integers to the right side Dim x scroll y scroll As Integer Form variables for scroll bar movement Dim x coord x coord new As Integer Dim x graph y graph x end y end x start y start As Single Coordinates for plotting points Dim index LargestTime HeartRate InitialDay CurrentDay Training Length As Single Data mapping variables Dim RestingHR Age AverageHR Speed Distance TotalTime As Single Heart Rate Computation Variables Dim FileSelected As Boolean False Flag for determin
97. ile hands are in motion using a microcontroller counter recognition of hand movement using an accelerometer pressing of a button to start the timer interrupt of the microcontroller before running infrared transmission by placing lap indicator module on the start line at the same time the finish line of the track to signal the receiver on the device worn for the beginning and completion of a lap respectively measurement of individual s pulse rate by standing still after completing the final lap using an improvised stethoscope serial transfer of data to a USB interface assessment of speed and endurance by plugging the USB into a computer where the evaluating software application is installed wireless transmission of data through ZigBee Pro which has a maximum range of 1 5 km but is expected to decrease from various factors such as walls humidity temperature and the like e rechargeable batteries to power devices since running is for outdoor environment Delimitations e The design will encounter valid but incorrect outputs specifically swaying of hands while at rest e The user must not be adjacent to the Infrared Sensor at the end of the last lap when measuring the pulse rate Definition of Terms Athletic Attributes or feats are quantifiable skills of an athlete that are shown to be measurable through electronic devices Accelerometer measures the static acceleration of gravity in tilt sensing applications
98. indicator out ofthe VDIP1 board For example if the VDIP1 USB connector is brought out onto an instrument front panel askivity LED could be mounted alangside it USB port 2 traffic activity indicator LED This pinis hard wiredto a green LED on board the It is also brought out onto this pin which allows for the possibility of bring ing out an additional LED traffic indicator out ofthe VDIP1 board For example if the VDIP1 USB connector is brought out onto an instrument front panel an astivity LED could be mounted alangside it USB host slave port 1 USB Data Signal Plus with integrated pull pull down resistor Module has on board 27 0 USB series 18515101 This pin can be brought out along with pin 5 to provide second USB port if required USB host slave port 1 USB Data Signal Minus with integrated pull pull down resistor Module has on board 27 Q USB series This pin can be brought out along with pin 4 to provide second USB port if required 5v safe bidirectional data control bus AD bit 0 Module p 20 safe bidirectional data contro bus bit 4 Copyright 2010 Future Technology Devices International Limited 5 133 Document Reference No 000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 Clearance No FTDI 131 3 3 I O Configuration Using The Jumper Pin Header Two three way jumper pin heade
99. ing availability standard warranty and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet PRODUCTION DATA Intemeton is coment es of publication Copyright v 1999 Texas Iestrueneezs Incorporated M specifications per tems 2 Tees sce EITT does cotcecess ty Powe S TEXAS testing of el promete POST OFFICE BOX 655308 narras TEXAS 75365 1 115 A78A00 SERIES POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS 50101 JANUARY 1976 REVISED JULY 1999 COMMON NOTE Resistor values shown are nominal 6 38 DALLAS TEXAS 75365 23 116 A78A00 SERIES POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS SLVS010I JANUARY 1976 REVISED JULY 1999 electrical characteristics at specified virtual junction temperature VI 9 V IO 40 mA 25 unless otherwise noted PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN Oupuvolug VI2475Vt020 V Input voltage regulation TO Ripple rejection LA To 70 Output voltage regulation 1mm 50 as Se ia Pulse testing techniques maintain TJ as close to as possible Thermal effects must be taken into accountseparately characteristics are measured with a 0 33 uF capacitor across the input and a 0 1 uF capacitor across the output electric
100. ing when file is selected or not 0 if no and 1 if yes Dim ofdGraph As New OpenFileDialog Declaration for the dialog box to open files Dim results As DialogResult Variable to receive the response in the dialog box Dim response As MsgBoxResult 91 Variable to recieve the response in the message box Dim Graph_scale As Single Dim Graph_Length As Single Const x allowance 100 y allowance 75 drag sensitivity 50 Scales for graphing Private Sub btnOpen Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnOpen Click If txtAge Text Nothing Or txtName Text Nothing Then MessageBox Show Add or Select a Client in Client Info before selecting a file Y Browsing File 0 MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False Me Close frmMain Show End If Check Default Checks options if it has yet to be chosen results ofdGraph ShowDialog Stores the result of the open file dialog box If results DialogResult OK Then If activated option is OK If IO File Exists DataPath amp amp CurrentDay amp amp txtName Text amp train no amp end True Then Checks if the Current Training Day already has an existing graph copied to a file response MessageBox Show You are about to replace the existing Graph of this day Continue Browsing file MessageBoxButtons OKCancel MessageBoxIcon Warning 0 0 False
101. input multiplexing from device inputs and intemal voltage reference Comparator outputs are extemally accessible Special Microcontroller Features 100 000 erase write cycle Enhanced Flash posam memory typical 1 000 000 erase vrite cycle Data EEPROM typical Tosmoty Data EEPROM Retention gt 40 years Salf reprogrammable under software control In Circuit Serial Programming ICSPTM Viatwo pins Single supply 3VIn Circuit Serial Programming Watchdog Timer WDT with its own on chip RC oscillator forreliable operation Programmable code protection Power saving Sleep mode Selectable oscillator options In Circuit Debug ICD viatwo pins CMOS Technology Low power high speed Flash EEPROM Fully static design Wide operating voltage range 2 0V to 5 5V Commercial and Industrial temperature ranges Low powerconsumption Single Word SRAM Bytes I O A D ch PWM Master USART 8 16 bit Comparators ious Bytes ac Brown out detection circuitry for Brown out Reset BOR Program Memory MSSP Data Device FEPROM10 bitCCPTimers PIC16F873A 72K 4096 192 128 PICL6FS74A 72K 4096 192 128 PIC16F876A 143K 192 368 256 PIC16F877A 143K 192 368 256 L9 3 Mieres tim Technology Ins 22 33 22 33 w t ow 2 Yes Yes Yes 2 1 2 2 Yes Yes Yes 2 1 2 2 Yes Yes Yes 2 1 2 2 Yes Yes Yes 2 1 2 DS39582B paze 1 119 16 87 MCLRVP 2 5 R57PGD RADANO RBSPGC
102. ional Limited Document Reference No FT_000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 Chip Clearance No FTDIs 131 3 7 2 Timing Diagram Parallel FIFO Write Transaction When in parallel FIFO interface mode the timing of a write operation is shown in Figure 3 7 and Table 3 10 T12 T8 1 7 gt WR LOO L T10 Figure 3 7 EXEQ Write Cycle WR Active Pulse Width WR to WR Pre Charge Time WR Active to Valid Data WR Inactive to TXE 5 2 __ 4 o 5 Ja riz Pe inactive akerwa oyee Jo Tabl cle Timing Copyright 2010 Future Technology Devices International Limited 14 139 4 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 T No 1 131 4 Chip 6 External circuit Configuration DI Document Reference No FT_000016 6 1 Adding a second USB Port The external circuit configuration for adding second USB host port with the USB activity LED is shown below in Figure 6 1 5v USB A Connector activity LED circuit Figure 6 1 Additional USB Port Configuration 140 Document Reference No 000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNCiL Datasheet Version 1 01 Chip ance No FIDI 131 7 Schematic Diagram 2 2 5 2 5 Figure 7 1 Schematic Diag
103. ise training programs to have a device that assesses and monitors their pulse rate endurance and speed This project can help them improve their speed and endurance abilities They can monitor their training activities because the data can be transferred and stored at Universal Serial Bus USB This design contributes in the advancement of the technology since a pulse rate measurer accelerometer and ZigBee are all in one device without affecting the runners carrying weight Through this design it is expected that a sufficient training and a maximum health safety will be made reaching every individual s target endurance The impact of the design influences three realistic constraints namely social ethical and health and safety The implementation of the design offers freedom among users that will come to utilize the device which comprises the social constraint However appropriate outcome of the device depends a lot on the wearer Since the device can accept correct but invalid inputs unethical users may use the device to falsify their training On the other hand unethical coaches can come to manipulate the data and cover up possible frauds since the file is in text format Health and safety constraints concern the use of a pulse rate measurer to monitor an individual s cardiovascular condition Scope and Delimitation Scopes The design includes measurement of the time it takes for the user to complete a single lap wh
104. le 41 Voltage Regulator Voltage regulators are used to sustain the voltage passing through a circuit within an amount the regulator is built for The voltage regulators used are 78105 and LM 805RC Push Button A push button is a simple switch device for controlling some aspects of a machine It is used to activate or enable the design Crystal Oscillator Crystal oscillator s primary considerations are stability and accuracy of the electronic circuit 42 Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA This chapter gives the details on how the system was tested in relation to the design objectives Data Transmission Test Since the system is wireless the gathered data such as the time the user able to finish a lap and the pulse rate can be transmitted to the handheld device using the Zigbee module nn Red LED Packet Transmission 0 On 6 Byte Data Written 100 On 6 Byte Data Written 200 On 6 Byte Data Written 300 On 6 Byte Data Written 400 On 6 Byte Data Written 500 On 6 Byte Data Written 600 On 6 Byte Data Written 700 On 8 Byte Data Written 800 On 6 Byte Data Written 900 On 6 Byte Data Written 1000 On 6 Byte Data Written 1100 On 6 Byte Data Written 1200 On 8 Byte Data Written 1300 On 6 Byte Data Written 1400 On 8 Byte Data Written 1500 On 9 Byte Data Written 1600 Blinking Failed to Write Table 4 1 Data Transmission Test 43
105. lease enter valid name m 175 SEAM amp SA Add Update Select Client m Name Estabillo Jan Mikael Select Mode Period is e g Dela Cruz Juan At least 9 characters long Closing Training Form Ex 20 7 Do you want to save the current training before closing nta optiona 3 Yes No Select Add Update Reset Delete BACK Training Graph fon ex th a lays ir a ei ti la eters 4 2 lo Aron Lervin 25 Heart Rate 92 beats min Browse For File Refresh Q Q BACK n Training Graph Length of Training days Heart Rate 100 beats min Heart Rate 92 beats min Resting HR 50 beats min Resting HR 0 beats min Browse For File Checking program defaults o Line Graph Chosen By Default Checking program defaults x The minimum number of training days is 12 Reloading Graph X You do not have anything to reload Evaluating Endurance No graph to get data from 177 seam 58 Training History Length of Training days Curent Day Age Endurance Evaluation Client s Name Training Track Distance meters Bar 20 By Estabillo Aron LervinC Heart Rate 100 beats min Heart Rate 92 beats min Resting HR 50 beats min Resting HR 0 beats min Browse Client Record o The
106. lowance 500 g FillRectangle Brushes Black x allowance LargestTime graph scale y allowance Graph Length Training Length 500 pcbGraph BackColor Color White For Me x CurrentDay To 1 Step 1 If File Exists DataPath amp Day 4 x amp amp cmbName Text 6 cmbTraining Text amp end True Then UpdatePictureBox Dim FileReader As StreamReader Dim MainStr StrTemp As String FileReader New StreamReader DataPath 8 Day amp X amp amp cmbName Text amp cmbTraining Text 4 end MainStr FileReader ReadTol End 82 FileReader Close index 0 2 While Pos lt gt 0 Search Pos InStr MainStr L CompareMethod Text Pos 0 Then Pos InStr MainStr H CompareMethod Text Pos 0 Then Invalid MessageBox Show Invalid File Format Deleting Training 0 _ MessageBoxIcon Exclamation 0 0 False Dim DayHandler As New FileInfo DataPath amp Day 8 x amp amp cmbName Text amp cmbTraining Text amp end DayHandler Delete GoTo NextDay End If Pos InStr MainStr CompareMethod Text StrTemp Mid MainStr Pos 6 StrTemp StrTemp Trim If IsNumeric StrTemp Then LapHR x 1 StrTemp Else GoTo Invalid End If InStr MainStr CompareMethod Text lt gt 0 Then MainStr Mid MainStr Pos 1 Pos InStr MainStr CompareMetho
107. m Reading Steg water Reading Microcontroller Difference 5 m s 5 CIO 1 50 17 66 2 83 17 2 94 3 81 2 100 36 7 2 72 36 2 78 2 18 3 150 56 7 2 65 57 2 63 0 76 4 200 77 25 2 59 77 2 60 0 39 5 250 93 21 2 68 94 2 66 0 75 Table 4 5 Speed Computation Using the Time Reading from the Stopwatch and the Microcontroller Average Percent Difference _ 3 81 2 18 0 76 0 39 0 75 1 58 Table 4 5 deals with the computed speed using the measured time of the stopwatch and the microcontroller Since the speed is dependent on the measured time therefore the speed is directly proportional to the measured time The average percent difference is 1 58 which is less than the set minimum required percent difference by the group 5 Therefore we can say that the time measurement reading between the microcontroller and stop watch shows minimal discrepancy 51 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION This chapter lays the overall conclusion of the design by means of answering the objectives of the design problem In addition to this it includes the statements that suggest the need for supplementary studies addressing to the delimitations of the design The recommendation cites what else can be done for the improvement of the design CONCLUSION The group was successful in designing the Wearable Device for Speed and Endurance Assessment and Monitoring System using Improvised Stethosc
108. mation Activating this button will allow you to manage the training information of the selected client or ithe previously selected client Clicking this button will allow you to view the previously recorded training information of every client in one window 173 seam e 58 Opening Browse Trainings Add and Select a Client from Clients Form before entering History Form Add Update or Select Client Estabillo Jan Mikael C Select Mode Period is not needed e g Dela Cruz Juan C At least 9 characters long Age 20 Contact Number 59 optional e g 09273233227 or 6741234 Gender E Female Adding Updating Client A Do not leave required fields blank Add Update or Select Client kol Client s Info Name Estabillo Jan Mikael C Select Mode Period is not needed e g Dela Cruz Juan At least 9 characters long 2 Contact Number pm m optional e g 09273233227 or 6741234 No such Client exists n our database CUM Updating Client Adding Client o Client added to the list 9 Client s Info Updated Selecting Client Deleting Client Invalid Resting Heart Rate Must be within 50 and 100 Beats min o Client and associated records have been deleted Writing to File Illegal characters in path P
109. mberthat CS must be held low for at least one clock period before being taken high again to with the next read or write cycle 137 7 DI Document Reference No FT_000016 77 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 1 Clearance No 131 3 Chip 3 6 2 SPI Slave Data Write Cycle When in SPI mode the timing of a write operation is shownin SPICLK SPI CS SPI Data In db LII SPI Data Out From Start SPI CS must be held high forthe entire write cycle and must be taken low for at least clock period after t he write is mpletedI bs first bit on SPI Data In is the R W bit inputting a 0 here lows data to be written to the chip The next bit is the address bit ADD which is used to indicate whether the data register 07 or the status register 17 is written to During the SPI write cycle a byte of data can be input to SPI Data In on the next clock cycle aftert he address bit MSBAfterfirst t he data has been clocked to the chip t he status of SPI Data Out should be checked to see if the data read was accepted A 0 level on SPI Data Out means that the data write was accepted A 1 indicates that the internal buffer is full andthe write should be repeated Rememberthat CS must be held low for at least one clock period before being taken high again to continus with the next read or write cycle 10 138 Copyright 2010 Future Technology Devices Internat
110. me graph scale 5 g FillRectangle Graph Length 2 45 y allowa x reference graph scale beats min beats min pcbGraph Location X x Next Brushes Black Day g DrawString D Graph Length 2 stTime Brushes White x r Math Round Speed 2 Dim x reference As Single Graph Length Graph Length index x 1 x allowance graph scale g DrawString Time Font Brushes White 13 Location X x scroll pcbGraph Height 2 y allowance g DrawString Seconds Font Brushes White Location X x scroll pcbGraph Height 2 10 g DrawString Laps Font Brushes White x reference Graph Length 2 35 y allowance ferenc graph_ amp x 40 11 LargestTim scale 30 50 50 Font Brushes Black n LargestTime 35 g FillRectangle Brushes Black x reference 0 150 17 g DrawString Heart Rate amp LapHR x 1 amp Font Brushes White x referenc 57 g FillRectangle Brushes Blue x reference 17 150 17 g DrawString Resting HR amp HRrest x 1 amp Font Brushes White x referenc Old 9 g FillRectangle Brushes Gold x reference 34 150 17 g DrawString Speed amp Speed amp m s Font x reference 5 35 g DrawString 0 Font Brushe
111. meter With the single pole roll off characteristic the typical noise of the ADXL330 is determined by xQ 6 Noise Noise Density BW Often the peak value of the noise is desired Peak to peak noise can only be estimated by statistical methods Table 6 is useful forestimating the probabilities of exceeding various peak values given the rms value Estimation of Peak to Peak Noise of Time that Noise Exceeds Peak to Peak Value Nominal Peak to Peak Value 2 mms 32 4 mms 46 6 ms 27 8x pms 0 006 USE WITH OPERATING VOLTAGES OTHER THAN 3 V The ADXL330 is tested and specified at V 3 V however it be powered with Vs as low as 1 8 V or as high as 3 6 V Note that some performance parameters change as the supply voltage ig varied Rev A Page 12 of 16 147 ADXL33 The ADXL330 output is ratiometric therefore the output sensitivity or scale factor varies proportionally to the supply voltage At V 3 6 V the output sensitivity is typically 360 mV g At Vs 2 V the output sensitivity is typically 195 mV g The zero g bias output is also ratiometric so the zero g output is nominally equal to Vs 2 at all supply voltages The output noise is not tatiometric but is absolute volts therefore the noise density decreases as the supply voltage increases This is because the scale factor mV g increases while the noise voltage remains constant At V 3 6 V the X and Y axis noise den
112. module is an application to sports athletes exercise measurement and pattern analysis It is about the implementation of wireless accelerometer sensor module and algorithm to determine wearer s posture activity and fall According to the article this research uses wireless RF module which measures accelerometer signal and shows the signal at Acceloger viewer program PC Using the same principle the proponents will be using accelerometer sensor module to 16 determine the directional movements of the corresponding athlete From this it can measure the speed of the athlete all throughout the course of his exercise And instead of using wireless RF module the developers come up with the idea of using Zigbee module Yangin 2008 discusses the principle of this project which is to describe the latest developments in body sensor networks BSN for athletes during training and outline the technical requirement of Sports BSN hardware design miniaturisation packaging as well as the real time data processing sensor fusion and data visualisation issues It has motivated the use of wearable devices for sports performance sensing with the need for monitoring athletes under natural training environment This helps the proponents in developing the proposed design since it aims to miniaturize the packaging of the hardware design which is approximately 5 cm x 7 cm and 2 5 cm thick It also helps to satisfy every athlete that comes to utilize the
113. mprove the ability of these monitors to accurately measure energy expenditure at higher levels of expenditure Relating this to the researcher s design the energy spent can also be measured through the activities the person has done This can also be added as a feature to the design and for future designs This was selected because of the accuracy of the device mentioned and how effective it is 21 Chapter 3 DESIGN PROCEDURES This chapter is a step by step procedure used in developing the design and in the development of the required program needed to make the proposed design fully functional The hardware software and prototype development are discussed WEARABLE DEVICE VDIP1 TRANSMISSION ay gt M S RUNNING INDIVIDUAL SEAMS PROGRAM Figure 3 1 Conceptual Diagram The main concept of the proposed design is that the user will be wearing a device that will measure the pulse rate and the time the user had able to finish a lap The device will send the information every after the user passes by in the infrared It will be then transmitted through ZigBee technology It will be acquired by the receiver which is a USB module This USB module is connected on a handheld device while the user is performing After the user performs 22 he she will insert the flash drive the PC where the SEAMS program is installed and afterwards will run the program and the results gathered will be saved and the user
114. n select check box is checked which exports the fields to the corresponding text boxes in Training Form and transfers the control to the Training Form after closing the Client Form 1 If the name inputted exists the Add Button 17 updates fields 8 10 14 and 15 and adds the client whenever the inputted name does not exist Clear Button 18 resets all fields and loads existing clients on the name combo box Delete Button 19 is enabled only when select check button is checked to avoid errors such as no client exists or name is not valid Back Button 20 cancels the activity in client form and returns back to Main Form 165 The main form 1 is the root menu of the application and contains all possible activities the user can make Main Group Box 2 encloses the major activities the user can possibly do and contains Client Button 3 Training Button 4 and Browse Button 5 Help Group Box 6 encloses guides and information of the software containing Help Button 7 and SEAMs Button 8 Clicking this button allows you to manage clients information and then select a corresponding client to manage his training information Activating this button will allow you to manage ithe training information of the selected client or ithe previously selected client Clicking this button will allow you to view all the previously recorded training information of every iclient one window Help Form 1 is
115. ng Browse Trainings 0 MessageBoxIcon Stop 0 0 False End If End Sub Private Sub btnInfo Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnInfo Click Me Hide frmInfo Show End Sub Private Sub btnSEAMs Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnSEAMs Click Me Hide frmSEAMs Show End Sub Private Sub btnHelp Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles btnHelp Click Me Hide frmHelp Show End Sub Private Sub frmMain Load ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles MyBase Load End Sub End Class 104 Client Form Imports System IO Public Class frmInfo Dim ListPath As String My Computer FileSystem SpecialDirectories Temp amp NClients Dim DataPath As String My Computer FileSystem SpecialDirectories Temp amp Trainings Dim gender Client name temp As String Dim rest As Integer Private Sub Invalid Value ByVal sender If Not IsNumeric sender Text And sender Text Nothing Then If input is not a number and is not empty MessageBox Show Invalid Field Value Inputting on a field 0 _ MessageBoxIcon Warning 0 0 False Notify user of the invalid input sender Text Nothing Clears the corresponding field End If End Sub Private Sub Check Name ByVal cmbName ByVal txtName If chkSelect
116. ng to study a gene expression model relating to endurance training induced vastus lateralis muscle contraction And they found out that the development of carbohydrate lipid and energy metabolisms respectively the presence of the deleterious effects of oxygen from the metabolic reduction of the reactive oxygen species and the transcriptional regulations of endurance training induced vastus lateralis muscle contraction status The paper also described that it can supply general tools to monitor athletes physiological responses to endurance training on the genomic scale This relates to the Wearable Endurance Monitoring using USB via Zigbee Technology of the proponents because it monitors the athletes physiological responses like their endurance The project design measures the pulse rate and relates it with the other inputted information like age gender and weight to assess the endurance of the user According to Cheng and Hailes 2008 the main function of the project is to evaluate whether inertial sensors are useful for detecting the smallest details of a rapidly moving foot motion of a sprinter which would be useful for coaching support Also in this article it was shown the on body wireless inertial sensing system and was analyzed in three aspects a a foot motion analysis using the collected inertial data of sprinters b the system s physical characteristics i e weight and operational behaviour and c the system s wireles
117. nt exists Update the client s record If not Add the client to the Record Index the added client On Click Reset Button 11 Clear Fields List existing Clients in the Name Combo Box 13 On Click Delete Button 12 Delete all items that has the client s name on it including the indexing record and currently selected record then notify user On Click Back Button 14 Close Form 1 Return to Main Form 187 Training History om Ty Length of Training days Curent Day Age Endurance Evaluation Client s Name Training Track Distance meters Line Bar 20 Estabillo Aron Lervin 25 100 beats mi Y ats min 50 beats min tins atsimin On Horizontal Scroll History Form 1 Relocate all elements except Graph Picture Box 11 Reload Training On Vertical Scroll History Form 1 Relocate all elements Reload Training On Load History Form 1 Auto Click Refresh Button 12 Auto Click Line Graph Radio Button 2 Query Indexed Clients Store Clients to Name Combo Box 8 Select the first indexed client Query Training Record of selected client Store training numbers in corresponding combo box 9 On Click Refresh Button 12 Load Currently Selected Training Evaluate Endurance using Karvonen Formula On Selected Index Change Name Combo Box 8 188 Query Training Record of selected client Store training numbers in corr
118. ntee a stable DC voltage for the Vcc of the ZigBee circuit It is specified in the datasheet of the voltage regulator that an output capacitance of 22uF electrolytic or 10uF tantalum is required In this case the designers used 22uF electrolytic capacitor as higher output capacitance will improve the load transient response but have a maximum capacitance at 100uF A positive voltage regulator is used to transform 12 Volts from two output pins DataOut and Vcc of ZigBee to 5 Volts that will be used for the supply pins of VDIP1 USB interface 37 Prototype Development This includes the materials and components used and its function in the design List of Materials Component Quantity Price per unit Total Amount ZigbeePro 2 2 750 5 500 ADXL330 Accelerometer 1 650 650 Stethoscope 1 180 180 VDIP1 1 2 800 2 800 35V 22 5 5 25 2 pins connector 3 10 30 male female 24 Pins IC Socket 1 12 12 PIC 16F877A 2 320 640 40 Pins IC Socket 1 15 15 Crystal 3 92 1 30 30 Capacitor 33 uF 2 2 4 Capacitor 1 10 2 50 25 V4 W 22k resistor 5 1 5 16V 470 1 10 10 7805 1 30 30 7 pins connector 1 22 22 male female 8 pins connector 1 25 25 male female RT9163 1 50 50 Max 232 1 50 50 16 pins IC socket 1 8 8 50 1 10 10 IN4148 1 3 3 V4 W Resistor 1 1 1 3 pins connector 1 12 12 male female Casing 1 180 180 9 V Battery 3 300 900 Battery Ch
119. o also supported us on our endeavors as we finished this design For this achievement we give back all the glory and praises to the omnipotent Father Almighty for giving us strength wisdom patience and guidance in completing this design Jan Mikael C Estabillo Mary Anne U Fabia Maritoni J Maculanlan Darlon Jay C Mondejar Maica A Punsalang ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF GROUP MEMBERS Each member contributed on researching the given design project and the development of the prototype The following show the list of responsibilities for each member Jan Mikael Estabillo e Circuit Design e Hardware Design e Program Software Design e Documentation Mary Anne U Fabia e Circuit Design e Hardware Design e Documentation Maritoni J Maculanlan e Circuit Design e Hardware Design e Documentation Darlon Jay C Mondejar e Circuit Design e Hardware Design e Documentation Maica A Punsalang e Circuit Design e Hardware Design e Documentation TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE i APPROVAL SHEET Error Bookmark not defined ACKNOWLEDGEMENT jii ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF GROUP MEMBERS 5 vi LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES ix ABSTRACT Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION 1 Background 1 Statement of the Problem 2 Objectives of the Design 3 Significance and Impact of the Design 4 Scope and Delimitation 6 Definition of Terms 8 Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATE
120. o other devices using USB RS 232 gt 85 485 digital VO analog Ethernet Wi Fi and and even cellular connections with Multiple antenna options plug and play case rating 113 Platform XBee 18 XBee PRO IB e 1 25 1 2 3 im 50 17 din 1461 10 19 Bm commands local or over the air DSSS Gerect Sequence Spread Spectrum PAN 10 4 IEEE 16 channels 21 360 35 mA 45 mA boost mode 124 38 mA 40 mA boost mode 124 ii i nor DIGI SERVICE AND SUPPORT vou can purcnase wiin confidence knowing that eee 10 Support you with expert techeical support and one year warranty com support 1 sonal BT 11001 Reo 226 6 france International ne in device tor Dodnesi eveicps nbi UN SHE JiredmPdwonden 5 Ruling Scu S 174945 175 PRAT and technologies to connec aed vu manage ioca or reote 92200 Newly sar Sae 22 4 Sweuraporacho Crete Over the WERE OF at over 27 on poms WOMI PK 81412344 PW 221554159848 Shay 19 m Road ce 1985 otters the highest levet of pertcrmance JY 925123444 13155615849 150 0021 bpan met ico C FK 9525124952 13550 Pe 985228231008 www digi com Peay cc 80254280062 PE 522524985 62000 Dy worn chy
121. o uses this information in gathering data that will be sent to USB held by the coaches This paper was chosen because it gives a background information on how Zigbee module will transmit data to a receiver element And the device used in this paper consists of an accelerometer sensors and a radio receiver as the receiver element Geer 2005 shows the different applications of ZigBee and other possible application for future use These applications automate home building industrial agricultural systems including thermostats and security products bridges and other structures automated meter reading and even in home healthcare national security military networks and routing discovery approach that ad hoc on demand networks use With this study it helps the proponents to 20 choose ZigBee technology than Bluetooth Since the field that the athletes using is really big ZigBee will be the one to accommodate this scenario And with the benefits that ZigBee provides it can satisfy the application for our design Calabro et al 2010 evaluate the validity of energy expenditure estimates from two portable armband devices the SenseWear Pro3 Armband monitor SWA and the SenseWear Mini armband monitor Mini under free living conditions It concluded that The SenseWearPro3 and the SenseWear Mini armbands show promise for accurately measuring daily energy expenditure under free living conditions However more work is needed to i
122. ollers Devices Included in this Data Sheet PICI6F873A PICI6F876A PICI6F874A PICI6F877A High Performance RISC CPU Only 35 single word instructions to learn All single cycle instructions except for program branches which aretwo cvcle Operating speed DC 20 MHzclock input DC 200 ns instruction cycle Up to SK x 14 words of Flash Program Memory Up to 368 8 bytes of Data Memory RAM Up to 256 x 8 bytes of EEPROM Data Mamory Pinout compatibleto other 28 pin or 40 44 pin PICI6CXXX and PIC 6FXXX microcontrollars Peripheral Features Timer 8 bit timar counter with 8 bit prescaler Timer 16 bittimer counter with prescaler can be incremented during Sleep via external Timer2 8 bit timer counter with 8 bit period gristen psescalerand Two Capture Compare PWM modules Capture is 16 bit max resolutionis 12 5ns Compare is 16 bit max resolution is 200 ns PWM max ionis 10 bit Synchronous Serial Post SSP with SPI Master mods and I2CTM Master Slave Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter USART SCI with 9 bit address detection Parallel Slave Port PSP 8 bits wide with extemal RD WR and CS controls 40 44 only Analog Features 10 bit up to 8channel Anslog to Digital Converter A D Brown out Reset BOR Analog Comparator module with Two analog comparators Programmable on chip voltage reference VREF module Programmable
123. omIn Location New Point 852 y scroll btnZoomOut Location New Point 900 y Scroll grpGraph Location New Point 13 20 lblDays Location New Point 123 20 txtDays Location New Point 127 37 lblCurrent Location New Point 253 txtCurrent Location New Point 256 pcbGraph Height pcbGraph Height 77 pcbGraph Height 77 36 y scroll 101 pcbGraph Height 77 pcbGraph Height 77 1 1 1 roll roll y Scrol y Scrol y Scrol 20 y sc SE 97 lblRest Location New Point 322 20 txtRest Location New Point 325 37 lblAge Location New Point 482 20 txtAge Location New Point 482 37 lblEvaluation Location New Point 5 txtEvaluation Location New Point 5 lblName Location New Point 635 20 txtName Location New Point 635 37 lblDistance Location New Point 825 txtDistance Location New Point 828 y Scroll y Scroll y Scrol y scrol 17 20 20 37 y Scroll y Scroll 20 y scroll eu scroll 1 1 scroll scroll pcbGraph Location New Point pcbGraph Location X scroll 71 y scroll txtDays Text lt gt Nothing Then Dim coordinate As Integer Training Length txtDays Text coordinate Graph Length Training Length pcbGraph Width x coo
124. on Text Very Good End If End If End Sub Private Sub rdbLine click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ rdbLine Click Radio Button End Sub Private Sub rdbBar Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ 99 Bar Click Radio Bu End Sub tton If Direc Dim Di End If Dim File If File Private Sub Initialize_ Exists DirHandler As New DirectoryInfo DataPath rHandler Crea Reader Exists Data DataPath False Then te As StreamReader ListPath amp Current FileRead nd True Then txtName T New StreamReader xt FileReader Read ListPath amp NCurrent end txtAg Text FileReader ReadLin Lin File T Me x 1 11 False Then If x End For n F ls Reader Close n To 32767 Exists DataPath amp Initial_ 8 txtName Text amp x 6 gt 1 Then train no If x Xx ol 1 Then m End Next x If File nd Tru Fil If Exists Then Read amp train_no End If Exit For x DataPath 8 Initial_ amp txtName Text 8 train no txtName Text amp Fil Read New StreamReader DataPath 8 Initial_ 6 train amp end r ReadLin Ini Training Distanc tialDay FileReader ReadLin Length FileReader ReadLin Fil 0
125. ons requiring low dropout performance atfull rated current The device is available in fixed output voltage of 3 3V 3 5V and 5 0V The RT9163 provides excellentregulation over line load and temperature variations The other features include low dropout performance ata maximum of 1 4V at500maA fast transient response internal currentlimiting and thermal shutdown protection of the output devices The RT9163 is a three terminal regulator available in surface mount SOT 89 SOT 223 and TO 252 packages Applications 5V to 3 3V Linear Regulator Low Voltage Microcontroller DSP etc Power Supply Linear Regulator for LAN Card and CD ROM b Ip L Ordering Information RT9163 00 O Package type ZL 92 X SOT 69 XL SOT 89 L Type L 252 G SOT 223 Type GL SOT 223 Type ll SOT 223 Type SOT 223 Type IV Operating temperature range C Commercial standard Output voltage 33 3 3 35 3 5V 50 5 0V Features Low Dropout Maximum 1 4V at500mA Fast Transient Response 2 Total Output Regulation 0 4 Line Regulation 0 496 Load Regulation TO 92 SOT 89 SOT 223 and TO 252 Packages hod hop b Pin Configurations Fin Configurations RT9163 OOCZL Plastic TO 92 RT9163 OOCX Plastic SOT 89 RT9163 OOCXL Plastic SOT 89 RT9163 OOCL Plastic TO 252 RT9163 O0CG Plastic SOT 223 Typel RT9163 OOCGL Plastic SOT 223 ll RT9163 OOCGT Plastic SOT
126. ope and Accelerometer with USB Receiver via ZigBee Technology With the aid of improvised stethoscope and microcontroller s timer interrupt it made possible for the device to measure the heart rate and pace of the user respectively A software program named SEAMS Speed and Endurance Assessment and Monitoring System was effectively programmed using the Visual Basic Programming Language This can assess and monitor the speed and endurance as stated as one of the researcher s design objectives The group was also successful in achieving a wireless transmission of data using Zigbee Technology 52 Upon testing the researchers could say that the Zigbee transmission is limited only to a range of 1500 meters Comparing the test results of the improvised stethoscope and accelerometer with the digital blood pressure device and stopwatch respectively the difference was really small Gathering those results it could be concluded that the design of the researchers made was accurate and would be effective to assess and evaluate the individual s speed and endurance RECOMMENDATION To be able the design to be more efficient effective and flexible as technology advances further studies must need to be made The following are recommended by the group for more improvements of the design Further studies should be done to solve the delimitation of the project with regards to having an output although the user is not exercising correctly
127. orm Return to Main Form On Click Minimize Button 3 Minimize Form 182 Client Form 8 Add Update or Select Client b a Client s Info Estabillo Jan Mikael C Select Mode Period is not needed Dela Cruz Juan At least 9 characters lona 20 ontact N 4 optional e g 09273233227 o 741234 Select Add Update Reset Delete BACK F Add Update or Select Client cj amp 53 Estabillo Jan Mikael C Bl 20 On Load Client Form 1 Clear Fields 09185434884 BACK EH Add Undate ON 183 Clear Name Text 2 Age Text Box 4 Contact Number Text Box 5 and Name Combo Box Text and Items 13 Uncheck Male Radio Button 6 and Female Radio Button 7 Check if client record exists If not Create a client record Check if indexing record exists If not Create an indexing record On Text Change Name Text Box 2 Appends and suggests existing clients Check format of input Notify user of the status of the input in relation to the client record On Text Change Age Text Box 4 If input is not numeric Notify user Clear Age Text Box 4 On Text Change Contact Number Text Box 5 If input is not numeric Notify user 184 Clear Contact Number Text Box 5 On Selected Index Change Name Combo 13 Load Fields Age Text Box 4 Contact Number Text Box 5 Radio Buttons Mal
128. p NCurrent end FileRemover Delete End If End If For x 1 To 32767 If File Exists DataPath 8 Initial_ amp Client name 8 x amp end False Then Exit For ElseIf File Exists DataPath amp Initial_ amp Client name 8 8 end True Then FileRemover New FileInfo DataPath amp Initial_ 8 Client name amp x amp end FileRemover Delete End If Next x For x 1 To 32767 File Exists DataPath amp Dayl_ 8 Client name amp x 4 end False Then Exit For End If y l While y lt gt 32767 If File Exists DataPath amp Day amp y amp amp Client name amp x amp end False Then Exit While ElseIf File Exists DataPath amp Day amp y amp amp Client name amp x amp end True Then FileRemover New FileInfo DataPath amp Day amp y amp amp Client name 8 amp end FileRemover Delete End If y 1 End While Next x MessageBox Show Client and associated records have been deleted Deleting Client 0 _ MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False 110 Else MessageBox Show No such Client exists in our database Selecting Client 0 End If End Sub Private Sub btnBack C tArgs Handles btnBac Me Close frmMain Show End Sub End Class Even Help Form Public Class frmHelp MessageBoxIcon lick ByVal sender k Click lick ByVal sender Private Sub b
129. package 8 pin 97 CW D package 14 pin 86 C W N package 80 C W NS package T6 Cw P package 85 C W PS package 95 C W PW package 8 pin 149 C W PW package 14 pin 113 C W U package 185 C W Package thermal impedance see Notes 7 and 8 FK package 5 61 C W J package 15 05 C W JG package 14 5 C W W package 14 65 C W Operating virtual junction temperature 150 C Case temperature for 60 seconds FK package 260 C Lead temperature 1 6 mm 1 16 inch from case for 10 seconds J JG or W package 300 C Storage temperature range 65 C to 150 C 1 Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damageto the device These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions is not implied Exposure to abs olute maximum rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability NOTES 1A voltage values exceot differential voltages are with respect to the midpoint between VCC and VCC 2 Differential voltages are at IN with respect toIN 3 4 The magnitude of the input voltage must never exceed the magnitude of the supply voltage 15 V whicheveris less The output may be shorted to ground or to either supply Temperature and or supply voltages must be limitedto ensure that the dissipation rating is not exceeded Maximum power
130. pan can possibly be up to 300 days Wireless Sensor Data Collection based on ZigBee Technology that was published last June 2010 envisions a comparison of different configurations of a wireless sensor system for capturing human motion The researchers discussed the different systems used in this study The systems consist of sensor elements which wirelessly transfer motion data to a receiver element The sensor elements consist of a microcontroller accelerometer s and a radio transceiver The receiver element consists of a radio receiver connected through a microcontroller to a computer for real time sound synthesis The wireless transmission between 19 the sensor elements and the receiver element is based the low rate IEEE 802 15 4 ZigBee standard configuration with several accelerometers connected by wire to a wireless sensor element is compared to using multiple wireless sensor elements with only one accelerometer in each The study shows that it would be feasible to connect 5 6 accelerometers in the given setups Sensor data processing can be done in either the receiver element or in the sensor element For various reasons it can be reasonable to implement some sensor data processing in the sensor element The said research was based on Zigbee Technology as what the project design of the proponents should be carried out It also states that the data that will be collected were be transmitted through Zigbee module the said design als
131. put 0 TIL Digital Analoginput 1 TIL Digital Analoginput 2 A D reference voltage Low input Comparator VREF output RAS AN3 Vas TIL Digital AN3 Analoginput 3 AUD reference voltaze High input RA4 TOCKI CIOUT ST RA4 Digital Open drain when configured as output TOCKI Timerd extemal clock input Comparator 1 output 4 55 200 RAS Digital Analoginput 4 SPhalaxzsclecigpar Comparator 2 output This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when used in Serial mode 3 This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured in RC Oscillator mode and a CMOS input otherwise DS39582B paze 8 2003 Microchip Technology Inc 124 16 87 1 2 16 873 876 PINOUT DESCRIPTION CONTINUED PDIP SOIC QFN SSOP Pin Pint ves se lwo 1 9 181 Legend I igpuQ 0 inputoupuP power Not used TIL inputs Schmitt Trigger input This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured as the extemal interrupt Buffer Type TIL STa PORTE is a bidirectional port PORTS cam be software programmed for intemal weak pull ups on all inputs Digital Extemal interrupt Digital Digital Digital Low voltaze single supply ICSP programming enable pin Digital Digital Digital In circuit debugger and
132. ram Copyright 2010 Future Technology Devices International Limited 18 141 ANALOG DEVICES Small Low Power 3 Axis 3 6 i MEMS Accelerometer ADXL330 FEATURES GENERAL DESCRIPTION 3 sensing The ADXL330is a small thin low power complete 3 axis Small low profile package accelerometer with signal conditioned voltage outputs all 4mm x 4 mm x 1 45 mm LFCSP single monolithic IC The product measures acceleration Low power witha minimum full scale range of 3 It can measure the 180 pA at Vs 1 8 V typical static acceleration of gravity in tilt sensing applications as well Single supply operation as dynamic acceleration resulting from motion shock or 18V to 3 6 V vibration 10 000 g shock survival Excellent temperature stability The user selects the of the accelerometer the BW adjustment with a single capacitor per axis AUC RoHS WEEE lead free compliant Bandwidths ca can ipsi selected to MER o tange of 0 5 Hz to 1600 Hz for X and Y axes and a range of 0 5 Hz to 550 Hz for the Z axis APPLICATIONS Cost sensitive low power motion and tilt sensing licati Mobile devices Gaming systems Disk drive protection Image stabilization Sports and health devices The ADXL330is available m small low profile 4 mm 4mm 1 45 mm 16 lead plastic lead frame chip scale package FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Rev A DLE Information furnrbed by Analog Device
133. ram Although some trainers are eased in measuring such quantity measurements are sometimes if not are always subjected to approximation Individuals tolerance to their exercise is one of the most essential parameters a trainer should consider as it can assess the endurance of an individual to its activity People often exercise longer and harder so they can improve But without adequate rest and recovery these training regimens can backfire and actually decrease performance Given that the design incorporates the use of accelerometer and stethoscope in assessing the conditioning of the person during running activities or exercises Pulse rate is useful for monitoring the individual s condition on a daily basis As stated above the design uses an accelerometer to determine the hand movements of the corresponding trainee from start to end which will be timed From this we can obtain the overall duration of the individual s exercise The use of pulse rate measuring device will provide data on whether the person can tolerate the exercise and recover from the fatigue it can cause Thus the endurance of the trainee is assessed using the pulse rate measurer preventing a course to overtraining that diminishes the performance of an_ individual Endurance will be assessed using the Karvonen Formula one of the most effective methods used to calculate training heart rate and was also advised by the doctor from the Rehabilitation Center that
134. rdinate x allowance Me Width pcbGraph Width 128 End If End Sub Private Sub AdaptInteger ByVal ind If LapTime ind 10000 And LapTime ind gt 1000 Then gt 100 Then gt 10 Then ind gt 0 Then IntAdapt 50 Elself LapTime ind 1000 And LapTime ind IntAdapt 56 Elself LapTime ind 100 And LapTime ind IntAdapt 62 ElseIf LapTime ind lt 10 And LapTime IntAdapt 68 Else IntAdapt 44 End If End Sub Private Sub Update Graph If FileSelected True Then Dim pen g For x_graph 1 Graph_scale x_graph i Graph_scale pen As New Pen Color Red 2 DashStyle Drawing2D DashSt pcbGraph CreateGraphics 1 0 To index 2 x start Graph Length x y start y allowance y gr x end Graph Length x 1 y end y allowance y grap If LapTime i Mod 5 0 Then AdaptInteger i g DrawString LapTime i IntAdapt pcbGraph Location X x scroll End If If LapTime i 1 Mod 5 0 AdaptInteger i 1 g DrawString LapTime i IntAdapt pcbGraph Location X x scroll End If yle Dot d 11 LapTime i 1 x allowance h LapTime i 1 Font y_star Then Brushes White 5 Brushes White _ 5 98
135. reference voltage High input Digital Open drain when configured as output E S S 4 This buffer is a Schmitt Trigeer input when configured in RC Oscillator mode and a CMOS input otherwise DS39582B paze 10 2003 Microchip Technology Inc 126 16 87 PORTS is a bidirectional port PORTE can be software programmed for intemal weak pull up on all inputs Digital Digital Digital Digital Low voltage ICSP programming enable pin Digital Digital Digital LO In circuit debugger and programming clock Digital In circuit debugger and ICSP programming data Legend input ompR power TIL Schmitt Trigger input This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured as the extemal interrupt M This buffer is a Schmitt Trizzer input when used in Serial Programming mode 3 This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured in RC Oscillator mode and a CMOS input otherwise 2903 Missoshin Technology Inc DS39582B paze 11 127 16 87 PORTD is a bidirectional I O port or Parallel Slave Post when interfacing to a microprocessor bus Digital Parallel Slave Port data Digital LO Parallel Slave Port data Digital Parallel Slave data Digital Parallel Slave Port data Digital Parallel Slave Port
136. rein it will be the starting point and at the same time it will be the ending point 2 Put the wearable device on your wrist Make sure that it is tight Put the battery clip on the batteries 3 Turn the handheld device on by putting the battery clip on the battery The red and orange LEDs will indicate if the device is turned on 60 4 Connect the flash drive to a USB port in the handheld device A green LED will indicate if the flash drive is recognized 5 Once the red LED stops from blinking the user must press the button in the wearable device to indicate the start of running 61 6 Once the user stops from running the user must not make unnecessary move for 20 seconds in order for the device to measure the pulse rate and transfer the data to the handheld device An orange LED will indicate that the pulse rate was transmitted to the handheld device 7 To evaluate the speed and endurance of the user connect the flash drive to the host PC Then run the accompanied SEAMs program which is installed earlier in the host PC 62 Troubleshooting Guides and Procedures 1 Check if the red LED in the handheld device is lit This will indicate if the device is on If not make sure that the battery is fully charged 2 Check if the green LED in the handheld device is lit This will indicate if the flash drive is detected If not replace the flash drive 3 If the training graph could no
137. roller Copyright 2010 Future Technology Devices International Limited 8 136 Document Reference No FT_000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 Clearance No 131 Chip 3 6 Signal Descriptions Serial Peripheral Interface SPI The SPI I O pin description of the VNC1L device are shown in Table 3 5 3 6 1 SPI Slave Data Read Cycle When in SPI mode the timing of a read operationis shown in Figure 3 3 R WIADD 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 on u SPI Data In 7 SPI Data Out 5 o Status Figure 3 3 SPI Slave Data Read Cycle From Start SPI CS must be held high forthe entire read cyde and must be taken low for at least one clock period aftert he read is co mpleted The first bit on SPI Data In is the R W bit inputting a 1 here Allows data to be read fro m the chip The next bit is the address bit ADD which is used to indicate whether the data register 07 or the status register 17 is read from During the SPI read cycle a byte of data will start being output on SPIData Out on the next clock cycle aftert he address bit he data has been clocked out of the chip t he status of SPI Data Out should be checkedto see if the data read is new data 0 level here on SPI Data Out means that the data read is new data 1 indicates that the data read is old data and the read cycle should be repeated to get new data Reme
138. rs are provided to allow for simple configuration of the I O on data and control bus pins of the VDIP1 This is done by a combination of pulling up or pulling down the VNC1L ACBUSS pin 46 and ACBUS6 pin 47 The relevant portion of the VDIP1 module schematic is shown in Figure 3 2 BUSS ACBUS6 Figure 3 2 VDIP1 On Board Jumper Pin Configuration 134 Document Reference No 000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNCiL Module Datasheet Version 1 01 Clearance No 131 3 4 Default Interface I O Pin Configuration The 11 device is pre programmed with default settings for the I O pins however they canbe easily changed to suit a designers needs The default interface 1 0 pin configuration of the device ars shawn in Table 3 3 Copyright 2010 Future Technology Devices International Limited 135 DI Document Reference No FT_000016 VDIP1 Vinculum VNC1L Module Datasheet Version 1 01 a Clearance No 1 131 Chip 3 5 Signal Descriptions UART Interface The UART interface I O pin description of the VNC1L device are shown in Table 3 4 a e eme Regesto sens conor oug eee un fome oue oma Temi ey Con oupa Hansa apa pa Set Ranty Conti apit si Data Carrier Detect Control Inp Bina Indicator Contro Input When the RemoteakeW up option is enabled in the ao a ee resume the PC USB Host cont
139. s White 68 Scroll y allowance y graph 5 Update Graph End If Next x End Sub Private Sub Update Fields 84 Dim FileReader StreamReader FileReader New StreamReader ListPath amp amp cmbName Text amp end FileReader ReadLine txtAge Text FileReader ReadLine Age txtAge Text FileReader Close Load Graph Karvonen End Sub Private Sub UpdatePictureBox pcbGraph Height y graph 125 Me Height pcbGraph Height 180 y Scroll VerticalScroll Value btnRefresh Location New Point 11 pcbGraph Height 63 y scroll btnZoomIn Location New Point 782 pcbGraph Height 63 y scroll btnzoomOut Location New Point 830 pcbGraph Height 63 y scroll btnBack Location New Point 370 pcbGraph Height 94 y scroll grpGraph Location New Point 12 9 y scroll lblDays Location New Point 122 9 y scroll txtDays Location New Point 125 25 y scroll lblCurrent Location New Point 252 9 y scroll txtCurrent Location New Point 255 25 y scroll lblAge Location New Point 321 9 y scroll txtAge Location New Point 324 25 y scroll lblEvaluation Location New Point 363 9 y scroll txtEvaluation Location New Point 366 25 y scroll lblName Location New Point 481
140. s characterized for operation over the virtual junction temperature OUTPUT range of O C to 125 C AVAILABLE OPTIONS PACKAGED DEVICES SMALL OUTLINE PLASTIC CYLINDRICAL SOT 39 LP FK OUTPUT VOLTAGE TOLERANCE mATSAO0ZAXA 78 2 78 02 78 02 785 02 75 02 xA7SA0SAXA a7zsaosxa lt A7SAOSAKATT 7 5 78 07 78 06 75 06 75 06 78 06 wATSAOSAXA 78 05 xA7SAOSAXTIK xA7SAOSXIIK 78 08 xA78A09AXs 78 09 7 78 0 78 09 78 0 xA7SMOAXAH 78 10 oA7SAL0AXTIK 785 0 78 2 78 78 12 oA7SA12AXTIK xATsA zXTEK 785 127 xATSAISAXA sarsaisxa 78 78 785 15 7 xA7SAISY D and LP packages are available taped and reeled Add the suffix R to the device type 22 78 05 PK packas is only available taped and reeled eg 78 02 Chip forms are tested at TA 25 C Please be aware that an important notice concem
141. s i bebeved to be accurate and reliable However vespusdilis z so nmedbs Analog infringement of patent or otber 7 ef dard ad dag nci Era Ne One Technology Way Box 9106 Norwood MA 02062 9106 U S A granted by implication or otberwice under patent or patent right of Analog Devices Tel 781 329 4700 www analog com Trademark and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners Fax 731 461 3113 2007 Analog Devices Inc rights reserved 142 5 5 ADXI Ta 25 Vs 3 V Cx Cz 0 1 uF acceleration 0 g unless otherwise noted minimum and maximum specifications are Euaranteed Typical specifications are not guaranteed Table 1 Parameter SENSORINPUT Measurement Range Nonlinearity Package Alignment Error Interaxis Alignment Error Cross Axis Sensitivity SENSITIVITY RATIOMETRICY Sensitivity at You Sensitivity Change Due to Temperature ZERO g BIAS LEVEL RATIOMETRIC Og Voltage at X Yur Zu 0 g Offset vs Temperature NOISE PERFORMANCE Noise Density Y Noise Density FREQUENCY RESPONSE Bandwidth X Bandwidth Zour Renz Tolerance Sensor Resonant Frequency SELF TEST Logic Input Low Logic Input High ST Actuation Current Output Change at X Output Change at Your Output Change at Zour OUTPUT AMPLIFIER Output Swing Low Output Swing High POWER SUPPLY Operating Voltage R
142. s performances In the proposed design case to further analyze the 12 improvement of the performance of an athlete the proponents will be using accelerometer sensor and a pulse rate sensor With this it will measure the speed of the athlete all throughout the course of his exercise and also the sequence of events the athlete jumped as jumping records a sudden increase in the reading of the accelerometer The use of pulse rate measuring device will provide data on whether the athlete can tolerate the exercise and recover from the fatigue it can cause He and Jin 2008 talk all about proposing a gesture recognition based on single tri axis accelerometer mounted on a cell phone for human computer interaction By using the accelerometer which measures the amount of acceleration of a device in motion enables three kinds of gesture interaction methods tilt detection shake detection and gesture recognition Thought there are other devices used in gesture recognition it is much advisable to use the accelerometer because those other devices focus on recognizing the simple gestures only such as Arabic numerals simple linear movement and directions With this research the three feature extraction methods are presented namely discrete cosine transform Fast Fourier transform and a hybrid approach which combine wavelet packet decomposition with FFT Supporting documentaries show that all three proposed feature can recognize the 17 complex gestur
143. sity is typically 230 yg VHz while at V 2 V the X and Y axis noise density is typically 350 2 Selftest response g is roughly proportional to the square of the supply voltage However when ratiometricity of sensitivity 15 factored with supply voltage the self test response volts ig roughly proportional to the cube of the supply voltage For example at Vs 3 6 the self test response for the ADXL330is approximately 275 mV for the X axis 275 mV for the Y axis 213 100 mV for the Z axis Lect LJ TOP Ya 0 0 LJ Ya AtV 2 V the test response is approximately 60 mV for the X axis 60 mV for the Y axis and 25 mV for the Z axis The supply current decreases as the supply voltage decreases Typical current consumption at Vs 3 6 V is 375 pA and typical current consumption at V 2 V is 200 uA AXES OF ACCELERATION SENSITIVITY gt 0 Figure 3 Axes of Acceleration Sensitivity Corresponding Output Voltage Increases When Accelerated Along the Sensitive Axis GRAVITY Ya lg Zot Og A ZZ 0 i O Og 3 Zort Figure 32 Output Response vs Orientation to Gravity Rev Page 13 of 16 148 RT9163 500mA Low Dropout Positive Voltage Regulator General Description The RT9163 is a positive low dropout regulator designed for applicati
144. t Browse For File Error Message Exceeded new training with the selected file as your initial day History Form Expected Test Case Entry Condition Actual Output Output Training Record of Client Name Combo Box The selected Client has no Error Message client is empty Selection training record yet 194 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS Control Naming CONTROLS PREFIX SAMPLE Label Ibl IbIName IbIContact IblAge IbIRest Group Box grp grpMain grpHelp grpGraph 195 Button btn btnAdd btnBack btnEvaluate btnDelete btnClear btnTraining btnBrowse btnInfo Radio Button rdb rdbMale rdbFemale 196 APPENDIX Specifications of the Digital Blood Pressure used the Testing Omron HEM 773AC Package Contents Omron HEM 773AC blood pressure monitor cuff AC adapter 4 AA batteries built in storage case e Intellisense Automatic Inflation and Deflation Technology e Fills arm cuff with air releases pressure when measurement is complete e Pressure valve preset switch allows the correct cuff inflation level to be determined before measurement is taken e 2 person 21 memory recall date amp time stamped for user e Built in compartment for convenient cuff storage e Fuzzy Logic automatically determines exact inflation level for each user e Extremely easy to use e Curved contour ComFit cuff provides user with a uniform fit to ensure accuracy e Cuff fits arms sizes 9 to 17 in circumferen
145. t evaluate the file in the software application this indicates that an error has occurred 4 If the handheld device is working properly but the orange LED did not light consider replacing the batteries in the wearable device 63 APPENDIX Pictures of Prototype Wrist Device Handheld Device 64 Lap Indicator Module Batteries and Charger 120 3008 OUTPUT 2 54 77 150mA 4 2977 SOMA STE 65 APPENDIX Program Listing Microcontroller Source Code gt Heart Rate Measurement Source Code Device 16F877A Declare Xtal 20 Declare watchdog OFF Declare FSR_CONTEXT_SAVE On Declare Adin_Res 8 Declare Adin_Tad 32_FOSC Declare Adin_Stime 50 Remarks On Symbol TOIE INTCON 5 TMRO Overflow Interrupt Enable Symbol TOIF INTCON 2 TMRO Overflow Interrupt Flag Symbol GIE INTCON 7 Global Interrupt Enable OPTION_REG 03 On_Interrupt My_Int to interrupt handler Enable software interrupts and point TRISA 00000001 Configure ANO 0 as 1nput Hserial Baud 9600 115200 Hserial RCSTA 2610010000 Hserial 5 9600100100 Hserial Clear LCD configuration Declare LCD DTPin PORTC O Declare LCD RSPin PORTD O Declare LCD ENPin PORTD 1 Declare LCD Lines 2 Declare LCD Interface 4 1 00 Set analogue input on PORTA O TRISA 3F TRISB 0F TRISC 80 TRISD 00 Dim xCtr As word Dim aRead As Byte Dim Max
146. thereof additional care in power supply bypassing is required as this noise can cause errors in acceleration measurement If additional decoupling is needed 3100 Q or smaller resistor or ferrite bead can be inserted the supply line Additionally a larger bulk bypass capacitor 1 or greater can be added parallel to Coc Ensure that the connection from the ADXL330 ground to the power supply ground is low impedance because noise transmitted through ground has a similar effect as noise transmitted through Vs SETTING THE BANDWIDTHUSINGC C AND C The ADXL330 has provisions for band limiting Your and Zour pins Capacitors must be added at these pms to implement low pass filtering for antisliesmg and noise reduction The equation for the 3 dB bandwidth is 1 20 32 kQ x Cac v a ormore simply 5 2 The tolerance of intemal resistor Rz typically varies as much as 15 of its nominal value 32 and the bandwidth Varies accordingly minimum capacitance of 0 0047 uF for Cx Cx and Cz 1 recommended all cases Table 5 Filter Capacitor Selection Cx Cx and Cz Bandwidth Hz Capacitor uF 10 0 47 50 0 10 100 0 05 200 0 027 500 0 01 SELF TEST The ST controls the self test feature When this is set to Ys an electrostatic force is exerted on the accelerometer beam The resultmg movement of the beam allows the user to test if the accelerometer
147. tnBack C EventArgs Handles btnBack Click Me Close End Sub Private Sub Help FormClosing As EventArgs Handles MyBase FormClosing frmMain Show End Sub End Class SEAMs Form Public Class frmSEAMs Private Sub btn tArgs Me Close End Sub Priva ByVal e As Even frmMain End Sub Even tArgs Show Back Click Sub frmSEAMs FormClosing Handles Private Sub btnBack Click 1 Back Click EventArgs Handles btn Me Close frmMain Show End Sub End Class Exclamation 0 As System Object As System Object ByVal sender As System Object ByVal sender As System Object ByVal sender As System Object 0 False ByVal e As ByVal e As ByVal e ByVal e As ByVal sender As System Object Base FormClosing ByVal e 111 Data Sheet 78L05 7805 ADXL330 PIC16F877A RT9163T LO72CN VDIP1 Zigbee Pro 112 XBee amp XBee PRO ZB ZigBee Embedded RF Modules o O E A critical component to Drop in XBee and XBee PRO ZB embedded RF modules deliver low cost and low power wireless end connectivity using the ZigBee PRO Feature Set Features Benefits Overview ZigBee PRO Feature Set and XBec PRO ZB are the most advanced ZigBee modules available the XBec footprint s Ad mah and arc ideal for deployment in ZigBee networks Available
148. tober 2007 Redding Morgan Physical Fitness Concepts and Applications Dubuque IA Kendall Hunt Publishing 2001 Young amp Freedman University Physics 10 Ed 2004 Youngbum Lee et al Implementation of Accelerometer Sensor Module and Fall Detection Monitoring System based on Wireless Sensor Network Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Aug 2007 p 2315 Zhenyu He Lianwen Jin et al Gesture recognition based on 3D accelerometer for cell phones interaction Circuits and Systems APCCAS IEEE Asia Pacific Conference Dec 3 2008 57 APPENDIX Operation s Manual System Requirements Minimum Recommended Operating System Windows XP Service Pack 1 Windows 7 Hardware 2 GB HDD 50 GB HDD 192 MB RAM 1 GB RAM 1 6 GHz CPU 4 0 GHz CPU 800 x 600 Display 1280 x 1024 Display 58 Installation Procedure The following procedures must be followed carefully to ensure that the installation process is successfully done 1 Install the accompanied software on the host PC before the training The device needed the software to record the information of the trainee and also to evaluate the results gathered from the wearable device SEAMs cJ 2 the handheld device on a stable spot wherein it is within the 1 5 range of the Zigbee module Be sure that it is line of sight 59 User s Manual 1 Place the lap indicator module in a fixed position whe
149. ts min Saving Training _ 0 MessageBoxIcon Information 0 0 False Cancel Tru Exit Sub End If Skip response MessageBox Show Do you want to save the current training before closing Closing Training Form _ MessageBoxButtons YesNoCancel MessageBoxIcon Question 0 0 False If response MsgBoxResult Yes Then SaveData frmMain Show If response MsgBoxResult No Then frmMain Show If response MsgBoxResult Cancel Then Cancel Tru A 15 End End Sub Private Sub Redraw Graph If File Exists DataPath 8 Dayl_ 8 txtName Text amp train no amp H end True Then Load Graph Else pcbGraph Refresh End If End Sub Private Sub frmEndurance move ByVal sender As Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles Me Move Redraw Graph End Sub Private Sub frmEndurance MouseWheel ByVal sender As Object ByVal e EventArgs Handles _ Me MouseWheel Redraw Graph End Sub D 0 101 Private Sub frmEndurance scroll ByVal sender As Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ Me Scroll Redraw Graph End Sub Private Sub frmEndurance SizeChanged ByVal sender As Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ MyBase SizeChanged If Me WindowState FormWindowState Maximized Then Redraw_Graph End If End Sub Private Sub btnRefresh Click ByVal sen
150. uantity discount Structure makes this module suitable for incorporation into low and medium volume finished product Figure 1 1 VDIP1 The Vinculum 11 is the first of FTDI s Vinculum family of Embedded USB host controller integrated Circuit devices Not only is it able to handle the USB Host Interface and data transfer functions but owing to the inbuilt MCU and embedded Flash memory Vinculum can encapsulate the USB device classes as well When interfacing to mass storage devices such as USB Flash drives Vinculum also transparently handles the FAT File structure communicating via UART SPI or parallel FIFO interfaces simple to implement command set Vinculum provides a new cost effective solution for providing USB Host capability into products that previously did not have the hardware resources available The VNC1L is available in Pb free RoHS compliant compact 48 Lead LQFP package Copyright 2010 Future Technology Devices International Limited 1 130 WP Chip 2 Features The VDIP1 hasthe following features Uses FTDI s VNC1L embedded dual USB host controller IC device USB single A type USB socket to interface with USB peripheral devices Second USB interface port available via module pins if required Jumper selectable UART parallel FIFO or SPI MCU interfaces Single 5V supply input from USB connection external supply necessary Auxiliary 3 3 V 200 mA power output to logic Do
151. umption features that are suitable in the researcher s design Improvised Stethoscope An improvised stethoscope is designed to be in the measurement of the pulse rate in which a transducer converts the Korotkoff sounds into electrical signals The electrical signals are amplified and fed to a counter in which the detected pulse rate per unit time is calculated and then the result is displayed as a digital pulse rate Capacitor Capacitors are generally used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current allowing the alternating current to pass in filter networks and for smoothing the output of power supplies In this design different values of capacitors used 0 47uF 470uUF 4 7uF 22uF 33pF 100nF and 0 142 40 Operational Amplifiers Amplifiers are used to increase or augment low signals until surpassing a threshold for use as a data Two types of amplifiers are used in conjunction with the Improvised Stethoscope LM741 and TLO72CN Diode Diode allows current in one direction and to block current in the opposite direction The diodes used are 1N4148 Resistor Resistors determine the flow of current in a circuit The resistors used are 47 2 2 56 2200 22 12kQ and 10 Battery Batteries are responsible for energizing the whole circuit Batteries used are two 9V for the wrist device one 9V for the handheld device and two 1 5 V or AAA batteries for the Lap Indicator modu
152. ut to a software application for evaluation Objectives of the Design General Objective The wearable speed and endurance assessment and monitoring system using accelerometer and improvised stethoscope with USB receiver via Zigbee Technology aim to combine two important features namely pulse and pace measurement to a single wireless device as these gathered data will be an input to evaluate the user s speed and endurance Specific Objectives 1 To measure the pulse rate of the user using an improvised stethoscope with a minimum requirement of percent difference that is not greater than 5 and will use the data to evaluate the individual s endurance along with the inputs namely as age and resting heart rate in a formula 2 To measure the time the user finished a lap using the microcontroller s interrupt timer and infrared module with a minimum requirement of percent difference that is not greater than 5 3 To transmit data wirelessly to a USB receiver using ZigBee Pro and USB VDIP circuit and to translate data into readable information using program software 4 To evaluate the pulse rate together with inputs namely age and resting heart rate for the user s endurance using Karvonen formula 5 To evaluate the time along with the input distance for user s speed Significance and Impact of the Design The significance of the design is for the trainers runners sport enthusiasts or simply an individual having exerc
153. vate Sub frmBrowse SizeChanged ByVal sender As Object ByVal e ventArgs Handles _ MyBase SizeChanged If Me WindowState FormWindowState Maximized Then Redraw_Graph End If End Sub Private Sub btnRefresh Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e EventArgs Handles btnRefresh Click Redraw Graph End Sub Private Sub btnMain Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As Me Close frmMain Show End Sub Private Sub rdbLine click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ rdbLine Click Radio Button End Sub Private Sub rdbBar Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles _ rdbBar Click Radio Button End Sub Private Sub Radio Button If File Exists DataPath amp Dayl_ 8 cmbName Text 6 cmbTraining Text amp end True Then 89 Redraw_Graph End If End Sub Private Sub btnBack Click ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e EventArgs Handles btnBack Click Me Close frmMain Show End Sub Private Sub frmBrowse Load ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As EventArgs Handles MyBase Load Graph Length 200 graph scale 0 1 rdbLine Select btnRefresh Select VScroll True End Sub Private Sub frmEndurance MouseWheel ByVal sender As System Object ByVal e As MouseEventArgs Handles MyBase MouseWhe
154. x 20 accepts numbers only Graph Picture Box 16 can be dragged by clicking and dragging to a direction and displays graph resting heart rate laps lap times days training heart rate and speed information interactively Open Button 17 uses Windows open file dialog to search for the data in the plugged in USB flash drive Refresh Button 18 redraws the picture box whenever it is distorted Back Button 23 prompts the user in saving the training information and exits whenever necessary returning to the root menu Zoom In Button 24 is used to expand the length occupied by each day s graph while Zoom Out Button 25 is used to compress the length of graphs Training History EN eters valuauon Client s Training No Track Distance meter Estabillo Aron Lervin 2 NM min Resting HR 168 Browse Form 1 is similar to the Training Form except that the only enabled fields are the Name Combo Box 14 and Training Number Combo Box 16 Name Combo Box lists existing clients including those that do not have records and notifies the user of the status of the client s records Training Number Combo Box gets all the existing training record of the selected client on the Name Combo Box The Graph Picture Box 19 also has a dragging capability to provide interactive feel to the user Back Button 21 exits the form without prompting the user for saving and returns to the root menu 169 BASIC DESIG
155. yMS il PORTD 1 5 50 0 0 0 1 1 0 SerOut PORTD 6 84 13 SerIn PORTD 5 84 2000 DRV ERROR WaitC gt SerIn PORTD 5 84 3000 DRV ERROR Str strvar 3 Print At 1 1 Str strvar 3 GOTO startHere cls Print At 1 1 USB SOURCE Print At 2 1 MISSING DelayMS 500 startHere At 1 1 SELECT GENDER Print At 2 1 1 MALE 2 FEMALE while 1 1 GoSub myNumKeypad d If keytemp 1 Or keytemp 2 Then Break EndIf wend Cls Print At 1 1 AGE gctr 0 while gctr lt 2 GoSub myNumKeypad nan If keytemp And keytemp lt gt Then gctr gctr 1 Print At 1 gctr 4 keytemp i EndIf wend 77 DelayMS 2000 lapctr lapSec PORTD O PORTD 1 DelayMS PORTD O PORTD 1 DelayMS 0 ie tl il 0 PORTD O PORTD 1 DelayMS PORTD O PORTD 1 DelayMS PORTD O PORTD 1 0 1 1 50 0 0 50 1 1 50 0 0 500 0 1 lg mH ted I Cls while121 HSerIn wait X Dec3 accelX wait v Dec3 accelY wait Z Dec3 accelZ wait H Dec2 HRate HserIn wait 13 Str strvar X20 Wait LAP Dec5 lapsec 5 Wait P Str strvar 12 lapctr lapctr 1 If strvar 0 L Then 0 1 PORTD O PORTD 1 lapctr lapctr 1 i Print At 1 1 LAPS Dec3 lapctr Print At 2 1 TIME strvar 5 strvar 6 strvar 7 strvar 8 strvar 9 Else Print At 1 1 LAPS D

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