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SIMSCRIPT Graphics User`s Manual

1. DDVAL A DFIELD F HTHUMBPOS WINDOW PTR Z VSCROLL ite as User moved vert scroll bar 1l PAN Z XLO t yhi t yhi t ylo DDVAL A DFIELD F VTHUMBPOS WINDOW PTR MOUSECLICK DDVAL A DFIELD F BUTTONDOWN WINDOW PTR gt If DDVAL A DFIELD F BUTTON WINDOW PTR gt 0 Cal ZOOM DDVAL A DFIELD F XCLICK WINDOW PT DDVAL A DFIELD F YCLICK WINDOW PT Else Call ZOOM DDVAL A DFIELD F XCLICK WINDOW PT NAME e R as a pointer variable ne BLOCK DEFAULT as an integer variable rt A EIGHT 2 0 WINDOW PTR nvert NDC mouse click coordinates to zoom coordinates CLICK X 32768 0 CLICK Y 32768 0 4 Z XLO Z YLO t xhi t xlo t yhi t ylo TER X WIDTH 2 0 T XLO T YLO nter and size values ng world to zoom rectangle WIDTH HEIGHT Z XLO runtime when somehow positions YHT 0 R R 0 5 R Windows DDVAL A DFIELD F YCLICK WINDOW PTR 2 0 Always Always Default Endselect End Main Define ICON PTR as a pointer variable et Z XLO 0 Let Z XHI 32767 et Z YLO 0 Let Z YHI 32767 Let T XLO 0 Let T XHI 32767 Let T YLO 0 Let T YHI 32767 Let VXFORM V 1 Call OPENWINDOW R 0 26000 2000 30000 Pan and Zoom Window 0 yielding WINDOW PTR Let DDVAL A DFIELD F HSCROLLABLE WINDOW PTR Let DDVAL A
2. Example 5 11 Show a tree control in a dialog box Main Display a dialog with a value box To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO Create a dialog called my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 Click on the tree tool button on the right palette Position the tree by dragging it with mouse Double click on the tree to display properties Change Field name to my tree field Click OK Build the project No FPWNE Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Define TREE ITEMS as a 1 dim text array Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog box frm Reserve TREE ITEMS as 4 M et TREE ITEMS 1 USA US_ flag et TREE ITEMS 2 USA Nevada Reno Poker chip et TREE ITEMS 3 USA Nevada Las Vegas Poker chip et TREE ITEMS 4 Europe Germany Berlin German_ flag Initialize the dialog box tr field Set the items and the initially selected item Let DARY A DFIELD F my tree field DIALOG PTR TREE ITEMS Let DDVAL A DFIELD F my tree field DIALOG PTR 1 If ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 eq OK Write TREE ITEMS DDVAL A DFIELD F my tree field DIALOG PTR as Item selected is T Read as Always End 79 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Tree With Items x USA El Nevada Reno Cancel Las Vegas a E A Germany EEE Berlin Table 5 4 Dialog
3. 3 6 outlined in Example 6 1 Preamble Processes include MENUBAR TEST End Routine MENUBAR RTN given FIELD ID FORM yielding STATUS Define FORM as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Define STATUS as an integer variable Write FIELD ID as Button selected T If FIELD ID eq QUIT Let STATUS 1 Always End Process MENUBAR Define MENUBAR PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Show MENUBAR PTR with menubar2 frm et FIELD ID ACCEPT F MENUBAR PTR MENUBAR RIN Stop End Process TEST While 1 eq 1 Do Wait 1 unit Write as Message from test process Loop End 92 Menu Bars Main Let TIMESCALE V 100 1 sec per unit Activate a TEST now Activate a MENUBAR now Start simulation End 6 5 Changing Menus Sub Menus and Menu Items at Runtime Occasionally items in the menu bar will may need to be changed at runtime For example deactivating or graying out of items is needed when function indicated by the item is no longer possible to perform For functions that toggle off and on a check mark can be placed next to the item A SIMSCRIPT program can access menus and menu items the same way controls in a dialog box are accessed through the DFIELD F function 6 5 1 Accessing Menus and Menu Items The DFIELD F function can be used to obtain a pointer to a display entity represe
4. Define COMBO ARRAY as a 1 dim text array Reserve COMBO ARRAY as 3 Let COMBO ARRAY 1 Hello Let COMBO ARRAY 2 There Let COMBO ARRAY 3 World Create a new dialog box and load it from template library 68 Dialog Boxes Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog _box frm initialize the dialog box Let DARY A DFIELD F my combo box field DIALOG PTR COMBO ARRAY set the initial text in the box Let DTVAL A DFIELD F my combo box field DIALOG PTR World Display the dialog box and wait for terminating button click et FIELD NAME ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 End 5 6 4 Labels amp Group Boxes A label is used to place explanatory text values or titles in a dialog box The text of the label can be reset programmatically but cannot be modified by the user Labels can have an attached group box which shows the user a related set of fields Through SIMSCRIPT Studio you can specify the following properties Label The text of the label Show Group Box Defines whether a group box will be shown Width The width in font units of the group box Height The height in font units of the group box Through the Properties dialog you can define whether the label is defined programmatically through the DTVAL A or DDVAL A attributes of its field pointer One of the following three access modes can be defined a Use the DTVAL A attribute to
5. Process POPUP MENU Define POPUP ITEMS as a 1 dim text array Define X Y as double variables Define XFORM as an integer variable Reserve POPUP ITEMS as 3 Let POPUP ITEMS 1 Red Let POPUP ITEMS 2 Green Let POPUP ITEMS 3 Blue While 1 eq 1 do Call READLOC R given 0 0 16 yielding NEWX NEWY XFORM Select case POPUP F POPUP ITEMS case Red write as Red item selected case Green write as Green item selected case Blue write as Blue item selected default write as Nothing selected Endselect Loop Release POPUP ITEMS End Process TEST While 1 eq 1 Do Wait 1 unit Write as Message from test process Loop End ain et TIMESCALE V 100 1 sec per unit Activate a TEST now Activate a POPUP MENU now Start simulation End 98 7 Palettes Toolbars and palettes are also popular components in a user interface For the sake of SIMSCRIPT Studio we will refer to either component as a palette A palette is basically a horizontal or vertical bar containing a row or column of buttons with each button showing a little picture icon Your application may need a palette at the top of the window to provide quick access to commonly used items Many applications also allow users to drag various items from palettes on the side into the adjacent window In SIMSCRIPT a palette can be attach
6. Let VXFORM V 2 Call SETWORLD R 250 0 750 0 250 0 750 0 18 Icons Call SETVIEW R 16383 32767 16383 32767 Display ICON2 PTR with icon5 icn at 500 0 500 0 Read as End Note that whenever SETWORLD R and SETVIEW R are called all objects drawn under the current viewing transformation are automatically redisplayed If you wish to change both the world coordinate system and the viewport then you can bracket the calls to SETWORLD R and SETVIEW R by calls to GDEFERRAL R as follows Call GDEFERRAL R 1 Call SETWORLD R w xlo w xhi w ylo w yhi Call SETVIEW R v xlo v xhi v ylo v yhi Call GDEFERRAL R 0 2 11 Selecting an Icon in Your Program In certain instances you may wish to allow the user to click on either dynamic or static icons with the mouse SIMSCRIPT supports both synchronous and asynchronous selection modes If you have coded for synchronous selection your program waits until the user has clicked on an icon in the window Using asynchronous selection the user can click on an icon while a simulation is running and a designated block of code will be automatically executed 2 11 1 Synchronous Selection The routine PICKMENU R is the easiest way to allow a user to select from a pre defined list of icons This routine is defined as follows Routine PICKMENU R given ICON PTR ARRAY yielding INDEX Each element of ICON PTR ARRAY is a
7. wait exponential f 5 0 1 units let RANDVAR uniform f 1 10 2 51 SIMSCRIPT Graphics loop end main show HIST with graph4 grf activate a SAMPLE now let TIMESCALE V 10 start simulation read as end 4 5 Time Trace Plots SIMSCRIPT Studio will allow you to create a plot showing the value of a single variable plotted on the Y axis while simulation time is plotted to the X axis Essentially the trace plot allows the user to see not only the current value as in a level meter but the value at any previous time value Trace plots use the 2 d chart but apply to the display variable and not histograms Assuming we wanted to monitor the variable RANDVAR with a trace plot the following code would be placed in the Preamble Define RANDVAR as a double variable Display variables include RANDVAR Include a trace plot by using SIMSCRIPT Studio to create a 2 D Chart You should make the following changes to a new chart From the Chart Properties dialog box check the trace plot check box Also ensure that every dataset in the graph has the Continuous Surface representation There are two actions that can be taken by SIMSCRIPT when simulation time becomes greater than the maximum value on the chart The first option is to scroll previous data to the left thus making room for more data When TIME V exceeds the X axis maximum a constant is added automatically to both the X
8. Work 0 1 units Loop Stop the movement and pause to admire the results et VELOCITY A SHAPE 0 Work 5 0 units End SHAPE Display routine SHAPE Given SHAPE Define SHAPE as a pointer variable The particular SHAPE to be drawn Define NUMBER OF POINTS as an integer variable Define ICON ARRAY as a 2 dim real array Let ICON ARRAY SHAPE ICON SHAPE Let NUMBER OF POINTS dim f ICON ARRAY 1 Call fillstyle r SOLID FILL Call fillcolor r RED E 34 Segments Call fillarea r NUMBER OF POINTS ICON ARRAY Call linecolor r GREEN Call polyline r NUMBER OF POINTS ICON ARRAY End SHAPE 3 10 Customizing an Icon Defined in SIMSCRIPT Studio Supposed you want to use SIMSCRIPT Studio s icon editor to create your icon but still need some portion of the icon to be defined at runtime SIMSCRIPT allows you to specify a display routine for an icon even if it had been loaded from the icon editor From the display routine you can call routines like FILLAREA R to draw the run time portion of the icon then instruct SIMSCRIPT to display the rest of the icon Basically the ICON A attribute points another display entity containing the portion of your icon defined in SIMSCRIPT Studio Use the following code inside of your display routine Display ICON A MY ENTITY PTR Be sure in the initialization code that you use th
9. are the corresponding y coordinates Integer Identifies filling procedure 0 Draw an arc of a circle using current line style width and color see LINEWIDTH R LINESTYLE R LINECOLOR R 1 Draw a sector of a circle fill with current fill style and fill color see FILESTYLE R FILLCOLOR R Draw an arc or a sector of a circle The first point identifies the center of a circle The second point should be any point on the circumference and marks the beginning of the arc An arc is drawn counter clockwise to the third point Routine SEG BOUNDARIES R SEGMENT ID yielding SEG XLO SEG XHI SEG YLO SEG YHI Arguments SEGMENT ID SEG XLO Integer Identifies a segment Integer Left side of bounding box in NDC units 135 SIMSCRIPT Graphics SEG XHI SEG YLO SEG YHI Purpose Notes Integer Right side of bounding box in NDC units Integer Bottom side of bounding box in NDC units Integer Top side of bounding box in NDC units Compute the bounding box of any existing segment Computes the NDC coordinates defining the bounding rectangle of the segment given by SEGMENT ID Can be called before the segment has been made visible Left Monitoring Routine SEGID A DSPLYENT Arguments DSPLYENT Function input value Purpose Notes Pointer to a graphic entity Integer A segment identifier as produced by OPEN SEG R Removes image of a segment and causes a new image to be drawn An assignme
10. rtug icn rtugp icn Timescale in seconds days Joo 0 Number of freighters tanker icn valdez icn OK Hel Cancel i valdez_sav icn ox Hep temp sources D Docs newexamples calship bin calship exe QLIST TMP Creating library D Docs newexamples calship bin calship lib and object D Docs newexamples calship bin calship exp Project Built Figure 1 1 SIMSCRIPT Studio showing dialog box icon and source code editing 2 Icons Icons are used by SIMSCRIPT II 5 to graphically represent any moving or static object inside a window Icons are typically composed of a group of shapes such as lines polygons etc but can include text and even JPEG images An icon can be arbitrarily complex SIMSCRIPT Studio provides an icon editor that allows these icons to be defined using a simple and easy to use drag and drop interface An icon can also be defined entirely by your program Icons are accessed by your SIMSCRIPT application using the DISPLAY and SHOW statements 2 1 Getting Started Adding a Simple Icon To create a new icon right click on the graphics library shown in the contents pane typically graphics sg2 and select New from the popup menu Type a name for your icon into the dialog box Choose this name carefully since it must be provided to the SHOW or DISPLAY statement in your program Usually icon names end in icn Now select Icon from the drop down list and click the Creat
11. Properties Each field should be given a unique Field Name This is important because the field name allows your program to access the field s data See Table 4 1 for SIMSCRIPT Graphics detailed descriptions of the various input fields and how to edit them in SIMSCRIPT Studio amp 1 SIMSCRIPT 11 5 Simulation Studio doc eapin B K graphics sg2 i custor2icn M Collapse Time custom3_1 custom3_2 Number of resources custom3_3 dialog1 frm dialog1 icn icont icn icon2 icn icon3 icn icon4 icn icond icn icon6 icn icon icn Initial queue length H E obj H E sre Selected dialog1 frm Figure 5 1 The dialog box editor 5 2 Showing a Dialog Box in SIMSCRIPT SIMSCRIPT provides some easy to use constructs which will allow you to load and display your dialog box The SIMSCRIPT show will create a new instance of a dialog box and assign it to a pointer variable but not yet make the dialog box visible Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog box frm Display this dialog box using the ACCEPT F function as follows Let FIELD NAME ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 This function will actually display the dialog box on the screen ACCEPT F does not return until the dialog box is dismissed At this point it will return with the field name text value of the button that was clicked on to close the dialog box 62 Dialog Boxes Here is a small example program that simply loads and displays a dialog
12. Dynamic graphic entities have attributes that allow you manipulate their location orientation and velocity The dynamic nature of such entities is controlled by giving them a velocity As simulation time progresses the location is automatically updated as determined by the velocity causing the entity to be redrawn Use the VELOCITY A entity left function that sets velocity Except for the special value of 0 which stops linear motion the value of VELOCITY A must be set to a value produced by the function VELOCITY F speed theta where speed is a real value in Real World Coordinate Units per Simulated Time Unit and theta is the direction of motion in radians For example suppose you want to move a dynamic graphic entity CART straight up at the speed of 100 coordinate units per time unit Let VELOCITY A CART VELOCITY F 100 PI C 2 Pass the real world coordinates of the object s starting position to LOCATION A Suppose you want the object to initially be displayed at coordinate 0 100 13 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Let LOCATION A CART LOCATION F 0 0 100 If you want the object to continue to be refreshed but not moving set VELOCITY A to VELOCITY F 0 0 Setting VELOCITY A to 0 will not only stop it from moving across the screen but also remove it from the internal animation queue et VELOCITY A entity VELOCITY F 0 0 Stop motion et VELOCITY A entity 0 Stop animation In additi
13. List boxes can be defined in SIMSCRIPT Studio to allow multiple selections The user can add selections to the list box by holding down the lt shift gt key while clicking The control routine will be called each time any item changes selection state The routine LISTBOX SELECTED R can be used to get all the selected items or even to determine if the user has double clicked on an item Given a pointer to the list box field and item number this routine yields 2 if the item has been double clicked on 1 if this item is selected and 0 if the item is not selected 70 Dialog Boxes To deselect all items in a multiple selection list box set its DDVAL A attribute to 0 and redisplay the field Let DDVAL A DFIELD F my listbox field Display DFIELD F my listbox field DIALOG PTR DIALOG PTR 0 Example 5 6 Multiple selection list box Main Show a dialog containing a list box To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Create a new dialog named my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 2 Click on the list box tool button on the right palette 3 Position the list box by dragging it with mouse 4 Double click on the value box to display properties 5 Change Field name to my listbox field 6 Mark the Allow multiple selections box 7 Click OK Build the project Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Define LIST ARRAY as a 1 dim text array Define ITEM SELECTED FL
14. sssessssoesesccsoescsocssesccsossesocsossesecesssosscesesee 21 2 14 Destroying and Erasing ICONS ssssesossoesesccscoescsecssesoseossesocsossesocesssosscssesee 22 STAA L 1T EE E A EEE EE E E Wesbuaeaeheaneicsacsebans 23 PUR Oe lo ae E E E E E 23 3 2 USING Segments yecsieeissccdenvace ssenscetacsesovccssasecessasesdevendautessavsnxsaeniesseteasstdessaiardocels 24 SIMSCRIPT Graphics il 3 3 Adding Primitives to a Segment or Display Routine eecsssseeeeee 25 3 4 Drawing Filled Areas siccccas aun etree neato easels 25 3 5 Drawing Line S siiivssc cesses ivenationse ds tonto ees saliteateeisthen iain 26 3 6 Drawing MEK CNS wiscicitasie secs cesicertscstuideedecelcht itenatiwers tesa vigsneisteein mu senetetereieets 27 3 7 Drawing TOK Cesc c dos tessa teseveccentos easte a tenasecaeecters cea desis ae Pearce 27 3al System F nt PALO WS e Fe ne a a a e a A amcor E a 30 3 8 Segment Priority essensies eroate canes tdecpateeld check tchout ead cuss careers Mesteece anit anes 31 3 8 1 Using Priority S10 cts scat sate ce closaeah peeiaa eaters daceemac qu cee sae ai iaaii 31 3 9 Display Routines soesesoossesessossesccscesesocssssesecesesosscesesocsseseseossescssossesecssssesscssse 32 3 10 Customizing an Icon Defined in SIMSCRIPT Studio cesses 35 3 11 Modeling Transformations eseesesoossescsscesesosscesesocsssscsscesesossossesecssssessoesse 36 Creating Presentation Graphics sseessooessoessoe
15. Hello world et TEXT VALUE DTVAL A DFIELD F my text field DIALOG PTR Example 5 10 Using a text box in a dialog Main Display a dialog containing text box To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO Create a dialog named my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 Click on the text box tool button on the right palette Position the text box by dragging it with mouse Double click on the value box to display properties Change Field name to my text _box field Click OK Build the project Au PWN EE Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog box frm Let DTVAL A DFIELD F my text field DIALOG PTR Hello world If ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 eq OK Write DTVAL A DFIELD F my text field DIALOG PTR as User entered T Read as Always End 5 6 11 Tree View List 77 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Lists of items can be viewed hierarchically with items containing other items Each item consists of a label and an optional jpeg image and each item can have list of sub items associated with it By clicking an item the user can expand and collapse the associated list of sub items Using SIMSCRIPT Studio you can specify the initial set of items and sub items in the tree Using the Tree Properties dialog click on the Add button to add the top most items To add sub items click on any item the click on the Add button You can change the label
16. SIMSCRIPT Graphics User s Manual CACI SIMSCRIPT Graphics Copyright 1984 2003 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without written permission from CACL If there are questions regarding the use or availability of this product please contact CACI at any of the following addresses For product Information contact CACI Products Company CACI Worldwide Headquarters 1011 Camino Del Rio South suite 230 1100 North Glebe Road San Diego California 92108 Arlington Virginia 22201 Telephone 619 542 5224 Telephone 703 841 7800 www caciasl com www caci com For technical support contact Manager of Technical Support CACI Products Company 1011 Camino Del Rio South 230 San Diego CA 92108 Telephone 619 542 5224 simscript caci com The information in this publication is believed to be accurate in all respects However CACI cannot assume the responsibility for any consequences resulting from the use thereof The information contained herein is subject to change Revisions to this publication Or new editions of it may be issued to incorporate such change SIMSCRIPT 11 5 is a registered trademark and service mark of CACI Products Company 1 2 CONTENTS Introduction to SIMSCRIPT Graphics cccsscccsssccccescsccssecsessescesssssessesceesees 1 COINS Ss cavetasecdiastissnscscspesscties SesonsGeubvantai soenoe aeon E etae esT esssS T onene e Eo To S 3 2 1 Getting Started
17. Text File name of the graphics library 133 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Purpose Notes Routine READLOC R Arguments POSX POSY STYLE NEWX NEWY XFORM V Purpose Notes Function RGTEXT F 134 Read a graphics library file from disk This routine will read a graphics library file created by SIMSCRIPT Studio Subsequently all icons forms and graphs contained in the library can be accessed through the SHOW and DISPLAY statements Note that the file graphics sg2 is automatically read in at the beginning of execution POSX POSY STYLE YIELDING NEWX NEWY XFORM V Real in real world coordinates X anchor point of the cursor Real in real world coordinates Y anchor point of the cursor Integer 0 Do not draw any special cursor Draw rubber band line while waiting Draw rubber box while waiting 3 4 Allows a global variable DINPUT V to be assigned be repeatedly updated with a new LOCATION A value thus tracking the mouse until a button is clicked 16 May be used within a SIMSCRIPT process routine which READLOC R will suspend The mouse position will be sampled from the timing mechanism allowing it to be active while a simulation is running A suspended process is reactivated after the mouse is clicked Final X position of the mouse in real world coordinates Final Y position of the mouse in real world coordinates Value of the viewing transformation used to map NDC locator position into real world
18. t xlo let DDVAL A DFIELD F VITHUMBSIZE WINDOW PTR w yhi w ylo t yhi t ylo display DFIELD F HTHUMBSIZE WINDOW PTR display DFIELD F VTHUMBSIZE WINDOW PTR L Movement of the scroll bars by the user will not automatically pan the scene in the window This action will only send a HSCROLL or VSCROLL event to the window s control routine informing of the change to the scroll bar thumb position At this time the DDVAL A attribute of the HSCROLLPOS field is set to distance from the left side of the horizontal scroll thumb to the left side of the window DDVAL A of VSCROLLPOS is the distance from the top of the window to the top of the vertical scroll thumb In each case 1 0 is the total length of the scroll bar Therefore these attribute values are in the range 0 0 1 0 HTHUMBSIZE and 0 0 1 0 VTHUMBSIZE respectfully Example 8 3 Pan and Zoom Simple pan and zoom can be implemented using the SETWORLD R routine Attaching scroll bars to your window not only provide a way to pan but also indicate to the user which portion of the scene is currently being viewed In this example the user can zoom in by clicking with the left mouse button zoom out with the right button and pan using the scroll bars Preamble Define t xlo t xhi t ylo t yhi as real variables Define Z XLO Z XHI Z YLO Z YHI as real variables Define WINDOW PTR as a pointer
19. 93 SIMSCRIPT Graphics 6 5 2 Accessing Menus in Menus Menu bars can be cascadeable i e menus can contain other menus The relationship between menus and sub menus is specified in SIMSCRIPT Studio by dragging a menu onto another menu This hierarchy is preserved in your program with respect to fields accessible by DFIELD F To access a menu contained within another menu pass the field name of the desired sub menu along with a pointer to the parent menu DFIELD F will then return a pointer to the sub menu There is no limit to the number or layers of menus Ei Bouncing Balls Control REIS Environment Medium Figure 6 3 Cascading menus used in a small simulation program 6 5 3 Adding Checkmarks to Menu Items Your program can dynamically set and clear check marks next to any menu item To display the check mark set the DDVAL A attribute of the menu item field pointer to 1 Clear the mark by setting the attribute to 0 Before the check mark is actually drawn or erased from the menu the item must be re displayed using the SIMSCRIPT display statement For example Let DDVAL A DFIELD F MENUITEM_TO_CHECK MENUBAR PTR 1 Let DDVAL A DFIELD F MENUITEM_TO_UNCHECK MENUBAR PTR 0 Display DFIELD F MENUITEM_TO_CHECK MENUBAR PTR Display DFIELD F MENUITEM_TO_UNCHECK MENUBAR PTR 6 5 4 Deactivate Menu It
20. E Routine CLOCK UPDATE given TIME yielding NEWTIME Define TIME NEWTIME as double variables et NEWTIME TIME et CLOCKTIME TIME update the clock End By updating the display variable in this routine you ensure that the clock will be updating regardless of how many processes are happening in the simulation Example 4 8 Showing Simulation Time in a Clock For this example create either an analog or digital clock in SIMSCRIPT Studio as described above Set its name to graph8 grf This program will run for 100 seconds and update a clock as it goes Preamble Define CLOCKTIME as a double variable Display variables include CLOCKTIME Processes include SAMPLE End Process SAMPLE wait 20 0 24 60 units wait 20 simulated minutes end Routine CLOCK UPDATE given TIME yielding NEWTIME Define TIME NEWTIME as double variables eet NEWTIME TIME et CLOCKTIME TIME update the clock time in days End Main show CLOCKTIME with graph8 grf activate a SAMPLE now let TIMESCALE V 100 24 60 1 real sec per sim minute Let TIMESYNC V CLOCK UPDATE start simulation read as End 4 8 Pie Charts A pie chart is useful for displaying the fraction of the whole that each portion of a population takes up Each sector
21. Like other forms a menubar is constructed using SIMSCRIPT Studio and displayed in your program using the ACCEPT F function As with dialogs and palettes the program can employ a control routine to receive notification of menu item selection while a simulation is running 6 1 Constructing a Menu Bar in SIMSCRIPT Studio Using SIMSCRIPT Studio you can add a menu bar to your project by right clicking on the graphics library and selecting the New item from the popup menu Select Menu bar from the list and click OK To edit an existing menu bar double click its name shown in the contents pane under graphics sg2 The menu bar editor will show a representative of your menu bar near the top of the edit window To the right of the edit window a vertical toolbar contains three buttons used to add both menus and menu items To add a menu click on the second button from the top of the toolbar then click in the menu bar to deposit the menu At this time a placeholder is displayed under the menu which allows you to add menu items This is done by clicking on third button from the top of the tool bar then inside the placeholder Clicking on any menu will show or hide its placeholder contains its items The menu bar editor is shown in Figure 6 1 SIMSCRIPT Graphics tt SIMSCRIPT II 5 Simulation Studio doc File Edit Project Options Window Help od graph4 c grt ol graph4 d grt oo dl graph6 grt A graph8 gr
22. for examining input altering values or setting control attributes Attribute DRTN A DSPLYENT Mode Argument DSPLENT Purpose Notes Attribute DIVAL A Mode Argument FIELD PTR Purpose Subprogram variable The subprogram does not return a value Pointer to a GRAPHIC entity or to a DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity Associates a display routine with an instance of an entity The use of a particular display routine is indicated through the value of the DRTN A attribute The display routine is normally generated by the compiler and has a name of the form V routine_name FIELD PTR Text A pointer to a graphic input field Access a text value associated with the field 121 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Notes DTVAL A is used to access a text value associated with a field For instance in text boxes DTVAL A has the value of the input or pre set text Routine FILEBOX R FILTER TITLE yielding PATH NAME FILE NAME Arguments FILTER String This variable can either be a wild card or a full or partial file name that uses wildcards TITLE String The title of the file selection dialog box PATH NAME String The path to the file selected by the user FILE NAME String The name of the file selected from the dialog box Purpose Displays the standard dialog box for browsing through the directory structure Routine FILLAREA R COUNT POINTS Arguments COUNT Integer Number of points to proce
23. next to the USA item b show the jpeg file Poker_chip jpg next to the USA Nevada Las Vegas item c show the jpeg German_flag jpg next to Europe Germany Reserve TREE ITEMS as 4 et TREE ITEMS 1 USA US_flag et TREE ITEMS 2 USA Nevada Las Vegas Poker_chip et TREE ITEMS 3 Europe Germany German_flag et TREE ITEMS 4 EBurope Germany Berlin 78 Dialog Boxes If you need to use the or characters in your item name you can make them literal using a preceding backslash character The DDVAL A attribute of a tree list field pointer will contain the index of the last selected item In the above example if the user clicked on the Las vegas item the field s DDVAL A attribute would be 2 You can set the selected item in the tree by setting DDVAL A and redisplaying the field From above to set the selected item to Berlin Let DDVAL A DFIELD F tree_field DIALOG PTR 4 Display DFIELD F tree_field DIALOG PTR The control routine will be called whenever any item in the list is selected but not when an item is expanded or collapsed From the control routine your program can inspect the DDVAL A attribute to get the index of the selected item Let TREE ITEMS DARY A DFIELD F my_tree_field DIALOG PTR Write TREE ITEMS DDVAL A DFIELD F my tree_field DIALOG PTR as Item selected is T
24. then in the small pane Double click on items t Set item field names an DEACTIVATE CHECK Build the project e MENUBAR RIN given FIE DIO s sg2 then select new from popup e list click on the Create button u bar to menubar3 frm right toolbar then on the menubar dd a menu t of the new menu to show properties and field name to MENU ow its pane Add five items Item toolbar button third from top o set text and properties d labels to ITEM ACTIVAT UNCHECK Gl LD NAME MENUBAR PTR yielding FIELD STATUS A m FI D NAMF as text var define define MENUBAR PTR as pointer FIELD STATUS as an int define MENUITEM PTR as a poin iable name of field variable pointer to bar eger variable set to 0 1 ter variable Let MENUITEM PTR DFIELD F Select Case Ca Case Ca Case Le Di case FIELD NAME ACTIVATE ITEM MENUBAR PTR 11 SET ACTIVATION R MENUITEM PTR 1 DEACTIVATE ET ACTIVATION R MENUITEM PTR 0 l1 SE CHECK t DDVAL A MENUITEM PTR mw El Case he Di splay MENUITEM PTR UNCHECK t DDVAL A MENUITEM PTR splay MENUITEM PTR Default Endsel Return End ain Define Define ect MENUBAR PTR as a pointer variable FIELD ID as a text variab
25. Arguments COUNT POINTS Purpose Notes Integer Number of points in the line Real 2 dimensional array reserved as 2 by N where N gt COUNT Values are in real world coordinates POINTS 1 are the x coordinates POINTS 2 are the corresponding y coordinates Draw a multi jointed line A line is drawn connecting the indicated points The line is drawn with the current line color line style and line width as set by calling LINECOLOR R LINESTYLE R and LINEWIDTH R Routine POLYMARK R COUNT POINTS Arguments COUNT POINTS Purpose Notes Integer Number of points to process Real 2 dimensional array reserved as 2 by N where N gt COUNT Values are in real world coordinates POINTS 1 are the x coordinates POINTS 2 are the corresponding y coordinates Draw a series of markers Markers are drawn at the indicated points The markers are drawn in the current markcolor marksize and marktype provided through routines MARKCOLOR R MARKSIZE R and MARKTYPE R Routine POSTSCRIPTCTRL R ENABLE SHOWICON Arguments ENABLE SHOWICON Purpose 132 Integer Enable conversion of window to PostScript Integer If the value is greater than 0 the conversion button will be displayed in the top right corner of the window Enables and configures PostScript output Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics Routine POSTSCRIPT R PSFILE PSSIZE PSBORDER PSMO
26. DFIELD F VSCROLLABLE WINDOW PTR Call SETWINDOW R WINDOW PTR Call SET WINCONTROL R WINDOW PTR WINDOW CONTROL Display ICON PTR with window3 icn Cal ZOOM Z XHI 2 0 Z YHI 2 0 1 0 While 1 eq 1 Do Call HANDLE EVENTS R 1 Loop End 1 1 8 4 Status Bars All windows can display a status area at the bottom of the frame called a status bar The status bar is composed of several individual panes of varying width each containing text You can define the width of each pane before the window is displayed and set the text displayed in a pane after the window has been rendered To add a status bar to a window the PANEWIDTH field of the window pointer must be assigned after the pointer is obtained from OPENWINDOW R Each element of the array in the DARY A attribute of this field specifies the maximum number of characters visible in the corresponding pane Call OPENWINDOW R given 16383 32768 8192 24576 Title 0 yielding WIN PTR Reserve PANE WIDTH as 3 Let PANE WIDTH 2 15 Let PANE WIDTH 3 10 Let DARY A DFIELD F PANEWIDTH WIN PTR PANE WIDTH Call SETWINDOW R WIN PTR OF Note that the width of the first status pane is determined automatically based on the width of the window The width specification for the first status pane i e PANE WIDTH 1 is always ignored Each eleme
27. DIALOG RIN given FIELD NAME DIALOG PTR yielding FIELD STATUS Use control routine to receive callbacks from SIMSCRIPT To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Double click on my dialog _box frm create in Example 5 1 2 2 Double click on the value box to display its Properties 3 Position the value box by dragging it with mouse 4 Double click on the value box to display properties 5 Change Field name to my value _box field 6 Click OK Build the project define FIELD NAME as text variable name of field define DIALOG PTR as pointer variable pointer to dialog define FIELD STATUS as an integer variable set to 1 0 1 Select case FIELD NAME Case INITIALIZE let DDVAL A DFIELD F my value box field DIALOG PTR 123 4 Case value_box field name List DDVAL A DFIELD F my value box field DIALOG PTR default Endselect 65 SIMSCRIPT Graphics et FIELD STATUS 0 everything is OK Return End ain assumes we have created a dialog box named my dialog _box frm containing a value box named my value _box field Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD NAME as a text variable Load and then show the dialog Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog _box frm Let FIELD NAME ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR DIALOG RTN Show the result List DDVAL A DFIELD F my_value_bo
28. ID as a text variable Show MENUBAR PTR with menubar4 frm load the dialog box et FIELD ID ACCEPT F MENUBAR PTR MENUBAR RTN display the dialog box End 6 6 Popup Menus Popup menus are not contained inside the menu bar but instead are displayed when the user clicks with the right mouse button inside a SIMSCRIPT graphics window They are sometimes referred to as context menus because a different menu can easily be displayed depending on both where and when the user right clicks in the window 96 Menu Bars gy Bouncing Balls Control Ball Environment Stop Double Mass Half Mass Figure 6 4 Right clicking on the earth icon shows a special popup menu 6 6 1 Creating and Displaying the Popup Menu Popup menus are not created in SIMSCRIPT Studio but are specified in your program A popup menu is displayed using the POPUP F function An array of text values to be shown in the menu is passed to the function It then displays the menu at the mouse click location POPUP F does not return until the user has made a menu selection The text of the selected item is returned The user can decline to make a selection by clicking outside the menu In this case POPUP F will return the empty string Here is an example of some code that displays a popup menu containing the items Cut Copy and Detail Define POPUP ITEMS Reserve POPUP ITEM as a 1 dim text array
29. IcCon seeeesseesseseesseessessesresseesresressresseseesseesse 10 2 3 14 Copying Icons From Other Projects sssssessesseeseesseseessessessrssressessrssressesse 12 2 4 Declaring ICONS as Entities s c ccscsccescesssestosccsessnstssccessssuesoseedseonsestensosesvenenes 12 2 5 Predefined Attributes of Graphic Entities sosseessescossocsseesoesocsseescesoe 13 2 6 Animating Icons declared as Dynamic Graphic Entities 000000000000 13 2 7 Simulation Time and Real Time csssssscscsscsssscssssssssssssssessessssesseseees 14 2 8 Coordinate Systems esessoesesccsoesesecssescssossesccscesesecesssosecssesocsossesecssssossossesee 15 2 9 Editing Background vs Movable Icons in the Icon Editor 16 2 9 1 Editing Movable eons iii inccdtyaceeas erect tededecdsdstacis iaa a tv dis i 16 2 9 2 Editing Background LOOMS sss0is05ieahsae scaats sdscauwes aces daradnctaaaateuslstaleaaciecganciasts 17 2 10 Viewing Transformations essesesscssescssossesocscssesecssssosecssesocsossesocesssossossesoe 17 2 11 Selecting an ICON in Your Program esesssssescsscssesocsossesocsosscseossesosscssesoe 19 2 11 1 Synchronous OS LECHION a Seatu ss vfaccs el ocuciecscaeasvsseeauetscoticrcsacancsstotacersaleadedootienesss 19 211 2 Asynchronous Selection mtns i oana 19 2 12 Attaching a dynamic text value to your ICON ssesssesesscsssscsecesesossossesee 20 2 13 Changing the Color of an Icon
30. Mapping mode of window 0 LCS 1 X major 2 Y major Pointer to a window display entity Opens a new SIMSCRIPT graphics window Opens up a SIMSCRIPT graphics window of the prescribed dimensions on the screen and returns a display entity for it Using this routine you can create more than one graphics window for your application SETWINDOW R can then be used to associate the current global viewing transformation number VXFORM V to this window The MAPPING flag defines how NDC space is mapped to the four boundaries of the window Attribute ORIENTATION A DSPLYENT Mode Subscript Notes Real in radians Positive values specify counter clockwise rotation Pointer to a GRAPHIC entity or to a DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity Sets orientation of a graphic entity for the modeling transformation When ORIENTATION A is used it should be set before a value of LOCATION A is set Routine PICKMENU R GIVEN ARRAY YIELDING INDEX Arguments ARRAY 1 dim POINTER array Each element of the array is a graphic entity pointer 131 SIMSCRIPT Graphics INDEX Purpose Notes Integer Subscript to array produced by PICKMENU R Selection from a menu using the mouse Waits for the user to select a graphic entity with the mouse If an entity is not selected INDEX is set to zero Otherwise yields the index of the highest priority entity that was clicked on Routine POLYLINE R COUNT POINTS
31. OK or Continue MESSAGEBOX R will not return until the user presses the button let MESSAGE Your task has been completed let TITLE Completion Status call MESSAGEBOX R given MESSAGE TITLE 5 9 2 Custom Message Box In some cases you will want only to display a simple message to the user and allow him to answer yes no or cancel This necessity is so common that most toolkits provide built in dialog boxes just for that purpose SIMSCRIPT allows you to add message boxes to your program to make use of these dialogs ALERTII x WARNING Reformatting will erase all data on your hard disk drive Do you want to continue Table 5 6 SIMSCRIPT message box More advanced message boxes can be created in SIMSCRIPT Studio and are loaded and displayed by like regular dialogs Your program can display Alert Question Information and Stop dialog boxes To add a message box to your project right click on graphics sg2 then select new from the popup Select Simple message box from the drop down list and click on the Create button The Message Box Editor can then be 84 Dialog Boxes used to edit these dialogs Here a message dialog can be set up to have one of the following five styles a Plain b Stop Sign c Question d Exclamation e Information Each style shows a different icon in its window It can contain one of
32. R size Sets the height of vector non system text given in NDC units 0 32767 Default text size is 560 units high 27 SIMSCRIPT Graphics CALL TEXTALIGN R horiz vert Set text alignment Text will be aligned with respect to the X Y coordinate specified in WGTEXT R Horizontal alignment values are as follows 1 Left justified 2 Centered 3 Right justified Vertical alignment values are as follows 1 Top of cell 2 Top of character 3 Middle of cell 4 Bottom of cell 5 Bottom of character CALL TEXTANGLE R degrees 10 Set text rotation angles in tenths of a degree CALL TEXTFONT R font With regard to text fonts there are two varieties SIMSCRIPT provides six built in vector drawn fonts Vector fonts can be fully scaled and rotated and look identical under any operating system To use one of the vector fonts call this function with one of the following values 0 basic font 1 Simple script 2 Roman 3 Bold Roman 4 Italic 5 Script 6 Greek 7 Gothic CALL TEXTSYSFONT R family name point size italic bold The disadvantage of vector fonts is that the may not look nice when scaled up in size Drawing speed may also be a concern if lots of text is used in the window System text fonts or raster based fonts are acquired from the operating system under which the program is currently running This call lets you specify the common name of the font as well as its point size
33. TER X WIDTH 2 he te t Z XHI EN TER WIDTH 2 t Z YLO EN TER EIGHT Le Ca Le Le Le Le Di Di End T t Routine WINDOW CONTROL given OCK DEFAULT Defi C C Cc 2 Ee t Z YHI EN TER EIGHT perform zoom 11 SETWORL D R Z XLO setti vA by XHI Z Y Update scroll bars D F HTHUMBSIZE t DDVAL A DFIE t xhi t xlo D F VTHUMBSIZE t DDVAL A DFIE t yhi t ylo t DDVAL A DFIE D F HTHUMBPOS t xhi t xlo t DDVA T YHI Z YHI L A DFIEL F VTHUMBPOS D t yhi t ylo DF IE splay HTHUMBSIZE WI Li D E splay DFIELD F his routi yielding B VTHUMBSIZE WI ne is called by the SI the user clicks i he scrollbar thumb n the window or ER Y H FACTOR FACTOR 0 0 0 0 LO Z YHI WINDOW PTR WINDOW PTR WINDOW PTR WINDOW PTR NDOW PTR NDOW PTR MSCRIPT EV ENT ne EVENT NAME Defi Defi ne WINDOW PT as a text variabl Sele Case wr Call PAN t xlo Case wr Ca Case If 116 ct case EVENT HSCROLL ite as NAME Pan horiz or ve User moved horiz scroll bar te xht t xLbo
34. The height in font units of the box including scroll bar Text The text initially displayed in the box Allow Horizontal Scrolling If checked a horizontal scroll bar will be attached whenever any line of text is too long to be viewed in the text box If not checked long lines of text may appear truncated if unable to fit inside the edit box Use the DARY A attribute to set get lines of text Note that the control routine is NOT called when the Return key is pressed Here is some example code that sets the initial text receives input then displays lines of text entered by the user Example 5 7 Multi line Text Box Main tT Display a dialog containing an edit box To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Create a dialog box called my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 2 Click on the multi line text box tool button on the right palette 3 Position the edit box by dragging it with mouse 4 Double click on the edit box to display properties 5 Change Field name to my edit box field 6 Click OK Build the project Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Define INITIAL TEXT FINAL TEXT as a 1 dim text array Define I as an integer variable load the dialog box Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog box frm Initialize the multi line box with field name my edit _box field Reserve INITIAL TEXT as 2 Let INITIAL TEXT 1 First line of text Let INITIA
35. V has been set the program can call SETWORLD R to specify a unique coordinate system for that particular viewing transformation You can then use the SETVIEW R call to define a viewport within the canvas of the window Call SETVIEW R v xlo v xhi v ylo v yhi Each viewport will have its own coordinate space and occupies a portion of the window space When calling SETVIEW R specify this portion of window space using Normalized Device Coordinates NDC units where 0 0 is the lower left hand corner of the window and 32767 32767 is the upper right corner Figure 2 7 shows a typical viewing transformation Canvas 32767 32767 World 1000 1000 0 0 Call SETWORLD R 0 1000 0 1000 Call SETVIEW R 8000 18000 12000 24000 Figure 2 7 The viewing transformation SETVIEW R allows for cases where v xlo gt x xhi or v ylo gt v yhi In this case the world coordinate space appears flipped over Example 2 7 Multiple views in the same window In this example we show two worlds in the same window The first view will occupy the lower left corner of the canvas and be identified by VXFORM V 1 The second view is in the upper right corner and is referenced by setting VXFORM V 2 Main Define ICON1 PTR ICON2 PTR as a pointer variable Let VXFORM V 1 Call SETWORLD R 0 0 1000 0 0 0 1000 0 Call SETVIEW R 0 16383 0 16383 xlo xhi ylo yhi Display ICON1 PTR with icon5 icn at 500 0 500 0
36. WORLD YHI is mapped to the top border The right portion of the world coordinate space may not be visible depending on window size This mode is useful when the background you want to display is significantly taller than it is wide SIMSCRIPT Graphics Selecting a window to display your icons graphs and forms is accomplished by associating the window with one or more viewing transformations In this way the VXFORM V variable not only specifies which viewing transformation will be used to draw subsequent graphics but also identifies the window to contain the graphics Objects drawn under the same VXFORM V_ value cannot appear in two different windows Viewing transformations are assigned to a window using the SETWINDOW R Set VXFORM V to the desired transformation number and then call SETWINDOW R given the WINDOW ID of the window to contain the objects drawn under that transformation Example 8 1 Creating two windows In this example the OPENWINDOW R routine is used to display two separate windows each containing an icon Main Define WINDOW1 PTR WINDOW2 PTR as pointer variables Define ICON1 PTR ICON2 PTR as pointer variables create two windows one directly above the other Call OPENWINDOW R given 8192 24576 16383 32767 Top Window 1 yielding WINDOW1 PTR Call OPENWINDOW R given 8192 24576 0 16383 Bottom Window 1 yielding WINDOW2 PTR attach viewing transformation 1 and 2 to the top window and 3 to the
37. Y DINPUT V Select case FIELD ID case QUEUE Display ICON PTR with queue icn at X Y case ROUTER Display ICON PTR with router icn at X Y case CLOUD Display ICON PTR with cloud icn at X Y defaul Endselec End Ch tt Process PALETTE Define PALETTE PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable D Show PALETTE PTR with palette3 frm et FIELD ID ACCEPT F PALETTE PTR PALETTE CTL End Process DUMMY While 1 eq 1 Do Wait 1 unit Loop End ain 106 Create a LOCATOR called DINPUT V Activate a DU Activate a PA Y now ETTE now Start simulation End Palettes 107 SIMSCRIPT Graphics 8 Windows SIMSCRIPT allows the programmer to create multiple windows with various sizes positions titles and mapping styles Each window can optionally have a horizontal and vertical scroll bar and a multi pane status bar In addition messages are passed from the SIMSCRIPT runtime library to your program whenever the user manipulates the window i e resizing closing moving the thumb on a scroll bar etc A window is created by calling the OPENWINDOW R routine described below Routine OPENWINDOW R given XLO XHI YLO YHI TITLE MAPPING MODE yielding WINDOW PTR Is not always necessary to call OPENWINDOW R to create your window If the program attempt
38. and removing slices 56 adding program code 56 editing in SIMSCRIPT Studio 55 polygon color 24 drawing 24 hatch style 24 POLYLINE R 25 132 POLYMARK R 25 132 popup menus 96 POSTSCRIPT R 132 POSTSCRIPTCTRL R 132 predefined bitmap images 10 predefined field names 111 PRINT SEG R 133 PRINT WINDOW R 133 progress bar 63 72 R radio button 63 72 READ GLIB R 133 READLOC R 134 resize handle 37 RGTEXT F 134 scatter plot 52 screen coordinate space 110 SEARCH GLIB R 135 sector color 24 drawing 24 hatch style 24 SECTOR R 24 135 SEG BOUNDARIES R 135 SEGID A 11 18 136 SEGID V 22 136 segment 21 adding primitives 23 Index close 22 color 21 delete 22 filled area primitives 23 highlight 23 identifier id 22 lines 24 markers 25 open 22 priority 23 29 selectable 23 show hide 23 text 26 using 22 zero priority 30 SEGPTY A 136 selecting an icon 17 SET ACTIVATION R 65 95 137 SET LISTBOX TOP R 137 SET WINCONTROL R 112 138 SETCURSOR R 137 SETVIEW R 16 138 SETWINDOW R 109 SETWORLD R 7 13 139 SIMSCRIPT Studio 2 simulation popup menus 98 using a menu bar 91 using a palette 102 105 status bar 116 stop motion 12 surface chart 44 SYSTIME R 139 T table 63 73 TALLY statement 36 46 text alignment 26 bold 27 color 26 drawing graphic 26 font name 27 height vector only 26 italic 27 point
39. and whether or not text should be bold or italic For example to draw Hello world in Times Roman size 12 italic font you could use the following code let FAMILY NAME Times Roman let POINT SIZE 12 let ITALIC DEGREE 100 range is 0 100 let BOLDFACE DEGREE 0 range is 0 100 cal EXTSYSFONT R given FAMILY NAME POINT SIZE ITALIC DEGREE BOLDFACE DEGREE ir call WGTEXT R Hello World X Y 28 Segments From above FAMILY NAME is a string known to the toolkit which identifies the font Font sizes are in points the size of which is determined by the toolkit An integer is used to define both the amount of slant in the italic and the darkness of the boldface usually only two degrees are provided Calling TEXTFONT R will re enable vector fonts Example 3 1 Drawing some graphics from program code only Main Define FILL POINTS LIN define a new segment Call OPEN SEG R to draw graphics Draw a filled purple triangle into the segment Reserve FILL POINTS as 2 by 3 et FILL POINTS 1 1 2000 et FIL et FILL POINTS 1 2 30000 et FIL et FILL POINTS 1 3 16000 et FIL Call GCOLOR R 1 500 0 500 purple Call FILLCOLOR R 1 Call FILLAREA R 3 FILL POINTS E POINTS as 2 dim real array POINTS 2
40. and y values to represent a coordinate position and should only be used in an assignment to LOCATION A Real in real world coordinates Real in real world coordinates Set a present location given x and y X DSPLYENT Real in real world coordinates Pointer to a graphic entity dynamic or static Inquire the present X position Y DSPLYENT Real in real world coordinates Pointer to a graphic entity dynamic or static Inquire the present Y position R COLOR INDEX Integer Ranges from 0 to 255 Set color of subsequent markers Use the GCOLOR R routine to assign an index value Call before POLYMARK R Routine MARKSIZE R SIZE Arguments SIZE Purpose 128 Integer The value is 0 to 32767 in NDC units Set size of subsequent markers Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics Routine MARKTYPE R TYPE Arguments TYPE Purpose Integer Identifies a marker type Permitted values include 1 dot 2 cross 3 star 4 square 5 xX 6 diamond Set type of subsequent markers Routine MESSAGEBOX R MESSAGE TEXT TITLE TEXT Arguments MESSAGE TEXT TITLE TEXT Purpose Notes Text Identifies a one line message Text Title displayed in title bar of message Display a dialog box containing a one line message A modal dialog box containing one OK button the given message will be displayed The routine returns when the user clicks on OK Attribute MOTION A DSPL
41. available Resizable If checked you can change the width and height of this object in the editor You can specify the size of the JPEG in World coordinate units This also means that the image will change in pixel size in your application whenever the user resizes the window If not checked the image will always remain its original size in pixels in your program regardless of window size or viewing transformation In this case the image may occupy more or less of the normalized world coordinate space as the user resizes the window One drawback of using a resizable JPEG image is that its quality may be reduced as it is resized H Align Using the alignment features your program can position the left right top or bottom edge or any corner of the image without knowing its size in coordinate units This is especially useful for non resizable images where the extent of world coordinate space occupied by the image is not known and varies with the size of the window Click in the combo box and select from Left Center or Right alignment of the image V Align Click in the combo box and select from Top Middle or Bottom alignment of the image Icon Name You can change the name of the JPEG file here Click on the Browse Files to locate a jpeg file or Browse Resources to select one of the built in raster images The icon name must be specified WITHOUT the jpg extension Browse Files Clicking on this button
42. axis minimum and maximum Therefore time value data at the beginning right side of the plot is discarded If the above scrolling window is not appropriate you can check the Compress Data box in the X Axis Properties dialog box in SIMSCRIPT Studio Under this option SIMSCRIPT will increase only the X axis maximum when TIME V becomes too large In this case no previous data is ever discarded Level 2 Queue vs Time Objects 2 00 2 25 2 50 2 76 3 00 TIME Figure 4 6 Time trace plot using the scrolling window 52 Creating Presentation Graphics Example 4 5 Plotting a variable over time This example is constructed as a simulation so that it can be used to illustrate the use of a time trace plot A dial or level meter could be substituted without changing the program code In the program simulation time is scaled to real time so that the process actually waits some noticeable time between samples Use the global system variable TIMESCALE V to achieve this TIMESCALE V specifies the number of hundredths of a real time second that should correspond to one unit of simulated time 1 Create the histogram chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio by right clicking on graphics sg2 and selecting new From the dialog box choose 2D Chart from the list set the name to graphS grf then click Create 2 From the graph editor window double click on the chart From the Chart Properties dialo
43. box To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Create a dialog called my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 2 Click on the value box tool button on the right palette 3 Position the value box by dragging it with mouse 4 Double click on the value box to display properties 80 Dialog Boxes 5 Change Field name to value field 6 Change the Precision to 1 7 Click OK Build the project Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog _box frm Let DDVAL A DFIELD F value field DIALOG PTR 12 5 If ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 eq OK Write DDVAL A DFIE iD F value field DIALOG PTR as User entered D 4 1 Read as Always End 5 7 Tabbed Dialogs Tabbed dialog boxes contain overlapping pages of fields They allow you to create complex dialog boxes without using much screen space Related fields can be grouped into the same page The user can expose a page by clicking on its heading on top of the page Using SIMSCRIPT Studio you can create a tabbed dialog by dragging one or more tab pages from the Studio s palette Add fields to tab pages by first selecting the desired page then dragging the field onto it You can drag fields out of a page to place them back into the dialog box Each page in the tab control has its own set of properties Double click on a page s heading to edit the following properties e Label The text lab
44. define the routine 64 like this Dialog Boxes T routine DIALOG RTN given FIELD NAME DIALOG PTR yielding FIELD STATUS define FIELD NAME as text variable name of field define DIALOG PTR as pointer variable pointer to dialog define FIELD STATUS as integer variable set this to 1 0 1 The routine name is passed to ACCEPT F like this let FIELD NAME ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR DIALOG RTN Consult Table 5 1 or Section 5 3 to see which items generate calls to the control routine To get a callback from a text or value box mark Return Selectable in the properties dialog box for the item Handler code for the control routine should check the FIELD NAME parameter to determine which of the items in the dialog was clicked on or changed Before the dialog is first displayed the control routine is called with FIELD NAME equal to INITIALIZE In addition your control routine will be called with FIELDNAME equal to BACKGROUND if the user clicks in the canvas of the graphics window not dialog box window You can retrieve the location of this mouse click through the LOCATION A attribute of the display entity pointer DINPUT V if nonzero The FIELD STATUS parameter can be used to communicate the following to ACCEPT F 0 Accept the input 1 Terminate the interaction return from ACCEPT F Here is a small program that uses a control routine Routine
45. define the text b Use the DTVAL A attribute to define the text Truncate the text to Field width places c Use the DDVAL A attribute to define a real value displayed by the label The Field width text box specifies the total number of places while the Precision box defines the number of places after the decimal point For example if the label s reference name is MY LABEL you could programmatically set the label as follows Let DTVAL A DFIELD F my label_field FORM PTR Hello World or Let DDVAL A DFIELD F my label_field FORM PTR 12 5 The control routine is not called when the user clicks on a label Example 5 5 Setting static read only text and numerical labels Main tT Display a dialog some static text To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Create a dialog box entitled my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 69 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Click on the label tool button on the right palette thr times Position each label control by dragging it with mouse Double click on each label to display properties Call a label my label fieldil Select Normal Text radio button Call a label my label field2 Select Truncated Text radio button Set the field width to 9 7 Call a label my label fieldl Select Formatted Real radio button Set the field width to 5 precision to 2 8 Click OK Build the project Nu Ff WN Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD NAME a
46. dialog box then click OK b Create a rectangle by clicking on the Mode Palette button shown with an arrow at the top of the icon editor toolbar Select the rectangle from the list Click down and up in two different locations in the canvas to define the rectangle c Drag the rectangle to the middle of the canvas Resize the rectangle by dragging the small green boxes on its corners d Set rectangle fill style by clicking on the Style button second from the top of the icon editor toolbar e With the rectangle selected click on the bottom button in the toolbar to choose a color f Add a wheel to the cart by clicking on the mode button then choosing the circle Click down then up on the bottom left corner of the rectangle then click a couple of grids away to define the size of the circle g With the circle selected use the Edit Copy menu then the Edit Paste menu to make a copy of the circle Drag the duplicate to the lower right corner of the rectangle h To resize the whole cart first drag the mouse over all visible primitives selecting the rectangle and two circles Or click on each primitive while holding down the shift key Use the Edit Group menu to create a single group Drag one of the four green squares to resize the cart Use the Edit Ungroup option to allow individual primitives to be positioned i Click on Edit Details to show the Image Properties dialog box Verif
47. figure 2 3 To add a new shape to your icon click on its button in the mode palette then click in the Icon s edit window Rectangles and circles require 2 clicks to define the size and shape You must click three times to define an arc or sector Shapes such as polylines or polygons require multiple clicks to define the points When creating a polyline or polygon double click to terminate a sequence of line segments 2 3 2 Draw Tool Palette Zoom In and Out The draw tool palette also contains a buttons that will allow you to zoom in and out This is handy when editing a very small icon By clicking on the magnifying glass you enter zoom mode When in zoom mode you zoom by positioning the mouse of the area of interest then clicking with the left button Clicking with the right mouse button will zoom out Click on the Arrow button to leave zoom mode SIMSCRIPT Graphics Freehand Fill Freehand Line Add Text Sen viGgF Ya Figure 2 3 The Draw Tool Palette 2 3 3 Fill Palette Specifying the Fill Style of a Shape This palette will allow you to change the hatch pattern used to fill rectangles and polygons To change style first select any polygon in the edit window Click on the second button from the top Blue square to expose the fill style palette then select one of the styles 2 3 4 Dash and Width Palettes Specifying Line Style The third and fourth buttons from the top of the toolbar allow you to
48. graphic entity pointer This routine waits for the user to make a selection using the mouse The user must click inside the bounding box of one of the entities to select it The index of the highest priority selected entity is yielded in the variable INDEX If the user clicks outside all of the entities INDEX is set to zero and the routine returns 2 11 2 Asynchronous selection In order to allow users to click on an icon while the simulation is running your program must support asynchronous selection If your program is already supporting an asynchronous menubar or palette then you can add the code to handle mouse clicks in the control routine for the form Whenever a user clicks anywhere in the window the control routine for the menu bar or palette is called with the field name parameter set to 19 SIMSCRIPT Graphics the text string BACKGROUND Also at this time the global variable G 4 has been set to the segment id of the selected icon Determining which icon is selected is a matter of comparing G 4 to the SEGID A attribute of all icons for which selection is meaningful to the program Another common way to support this type of selection is by using the routine READLOC R with a style value of 16 Using this method you must create special process in your code whose sole purpose is to handle asynchronous mouse clicks In a loop the process will first call READLOC R 0 0 16 which will return after a mouse click
49. icon and field name by clicking on an item setting these fields then clicking on the Update button The items contained in the list are defined through the DARY A attribute The name specification uses the character to separate item name from the sub item name and works much the same way as a path name for the file system 1 e lt top_item_name gt lt sub_item_name gt lt sub_sub_item_name gt It is not necessary to include separate text values for the parent items For example if you wanted to show following items a Reno contained in Nevada which is in USA b Las Vegas contained in Nevada which is in USA c Berlin contained in Germany which is in Europe The DARY A attributes should contain the following text strings Define TREE ITEMS as a 1 dim text array Reserve TREE ITEMS as 3 et TREE ITEMS 1 USA Nevada Reno et TREE ITEMS 2 USA Nevada Las Vegas et TREE ITEMS 3 Burope Germany Berlin Let DARY A DFIELD F my_tree_field DIALOG PTR TREE ITEMS woe To specify a jpeg picture to place next to the item name use the character after the name specification to separate the item name from jpeg file or resource name without extension To show an image next to a container item add that item to the list In the above example suppose we want to a show the bitmap US_flag jpg
50. mark next to the label The initial state is defined by the Checked attribute Note This state is NOT changed automatically when the item is clicked on but must be updated by the application program 6 2 Showing the Menu Bar in your program SIMSCRIPT provides some easy to use constructs which will allow you to load and display your menu bar The SIMSCRIPT show will create a new instance of the menu bar and assign it to a pointer variable but not yet make it visible Show MENUBAR PTR with my menu_bar frm The text in quotes is the name of the menu bar that was assigned in SIMSCRIPT Studio when the menu bar was first created The text must match up exactly with the name provided in the menu bar editor or a runtime error will be generated Display the menu bar using the ACCEPT F function as follows Let FIELD ID ACCEPT F MENUBAR PTR MENUBAR RTN Pass to ACCEPT F the pointer to the menu bar display entity used in the SHOW statement A control routine should be provided as the second argument described below ACCEPT F will normally not return until the control routine indicates termination by setting its yielded STATUS argument to 1 instead of zero 6 3 Writing a Control Routine for the Menu bar Normally you will want the menu bar to remain visible while your program is executing other code A separate routine should be written for the menubar called a control routine When the user selects a menu
51. model has been augmented to include displays of the simulated time on an analog clock the queue length as a level meter and the waiting time of customers as a dynamic histogram The code and graphics for the complete model are included on the distribution kit for SIMSCRIPT II 5 The simulation model is described N in the Preamble Main the TIAL ZE routines and in the GENERATOR and CUSTOMER processes The 2 d histogram is defined in lines 12 to 13 of the Preamble and initialized in line 9 of INITIALIZE GRAPHICS The animated clock is defined in lines 9 10 of the Preamble created in line 5 of INITIALIZE GRAPHICS and updated in line 4 of CLOCK UPDATE In addition to the model enhancements SIMSCRIPT Studio was used to produce the three graphs to clock grf queue grf and wait grf be used for display purposes These are 1 preamble BANK Modernizing a Bank 2 normally mode is undefined 3 processes include GENERATOR and CUSTOMER 4 resources include TELLER 5 define NO OF TELLERS as an integer variable 6 define MEAN INTERARRIVAL TIME MEAN SERVICE TIME DAY LENGTH 7 and WAITING TIME as
52. of the simulation ACCEPT F will not return until a status value of 1 is returned from the control routine 3 Don t wait ACCEPT F will not wait for any action by the user but will return immediately leaving the menu bar visible Subsequent selection of items in the menus will invoke the control routine 6 1 2 Menu Properties e Field name Any menu added to the menu bar or another menu can be accessed from inside an application by specifying a Field name Usually the program will be interested in the field name of the menu item not the menu Label The text identifying the menu which appears on the menu bar e Mnemonic A letter in the menu s label that can be typed from the keyboard while holding down the Alt key to bring down the menu pane The mnemonic character will appear underscored in your application 6 1 3 Menu Item Properties e Field name Any menu item can be accessed from inside an application by specifying its Field name The field name is passed to the callback routine whenever a menu item is clicked on e Label The name identifying the menu item appearing within the container menu e Mnemonic A letter in the item s label that can be typed from the keyboard while holding down the Alt key to activate the item The mnemonic character will appear underscored in your application e Accelerator Key Name While running the application you can use the keyboard to activate menu options instead
53. point markers You can delete a point marker by clicking on it then pressing the lt Delete gt key Click on the background to leave point edit mode Figure 2 5 Editing Points 2 3 9 Editing Text You can change the text shown in an icon by double clicking on it showing the Text property dialog box From this dialog you can specify horizontal and vertical alignment an angle of rotation in degrees and the actual text string The edit box will accept the lt Return gt key allowing you to create multi lined text shapes Horizontal text alignment will apply to each individual line in multi lined text However vertical alignment applies to the bounding box of all lines of text 2 3 10 Changing Stacking Order If you wish for a shape to appear on top of all other shapes in the icon select it then use the Edit To Front menu item The Edit To Back menu can be used to place the selected shape underneath all the other shapes The To Front and To Back buttons on the top toolbar can be used as shortcuts You can even select multiple shapes to be brought to front or back 2 3 11 Using the Grid You can turn on the grid using the Edit Grid menu Spacing of grid lines can be specified by SETWORLD R units or by total number of grid lines The Snap to grid feature is useful for making precise alignment of shapes in the icon When this feature is turned on all size move and point edit operations will r
54. provided on most implementations 1 solid 2 long dash 3 dotted 4 dash dotted 5 medium dashed 6 dash with two dots CALL LINECOLOR R color Color as described above 26 Segments CALL LINEWIDTH R width Width given in NDC units CALL POLYLINE R n points Joins n points whose x and y coordinates are given in the 2 dimensional real array points 3 6 Drawing Markers SIMSCRIPT supports a primitive operation to mark points on the display surface The graphic style routines that control appearance are called first CALL MARKTYPE R type Where type is a polymarker type and where 1 dot 2 cross 3 asterisk 4 square 5 xX 6 diamond CALL MARKCOLOR R color Sets the color of all markers CALL MARKSIZE R size Sets the size of each marker in NDC units CALL POLYMARK R n points Writes n markers using the current marker type color and height 3 7 Drawing Text Text can be written directly onto the window It is displayed using the text size font and color attributes Text can be rotated and also justified left right top bottom or centered CALL WGTEXT R string x y Writes string at x y using current text font color height angle and alignment The following graphics routines may be used in display routines to control the appearance of text output CALL TEXTCOLOR R color Set color index to use for drawing text CALL TEXTSIZE
55. read in automatically if it exists before program starts executing and should therefore be kept in the same directory as the executable Each line in this file defines a color index as follows lt Index gt lt red gt lt green gt lt blue gt Here are some sample entries 0 0 0 0 1 1000 1000 1000 2 0 0 500 3 250 250 1000 SIMSCRIPT Graphics 15 1000 250 1000 3 2 Using Segments Effective generation of moving or changing display images requires either the complete redrawing of the display at each change or the ability to selectively erase and redraw parts of the display The first approach requires redundant work in the common case where a few objects are required to move against a static background An alternative is to structure the display identify the grouped components of each object representation and then provide facilities for manipulating these components This is done using a segment Each segment has an identifier and comprises a logical grouping of related graphic primitives SIMSCRIPT provides operations to make a segment visible or invisible or to delete it entirely Further by attaching a priority level to each segment the graphics support can consistently resolve the ambiguity when object representations intersect on the display i e priority determines which segment is displayed on top A segment is identified by your program using its segment id The identifier is an integer number returned to the appl
56. set the dash style and width of line shapes After selecting an existing line segment or polyline click on the third button to select a new dash style Clicking on the fourth button will allow you to set the width of the line 2 3 5 Font Palette Vector and System Text Fonts Clicking on the fifth button shown as Ab allows you to change the font of a selected text primitive The first eight fonts on the font palette are called vector fonts These fonts are built into SIMSCRIPT graphics and will look identical regardless of which operating system is being used Vector fonts can be arbitrarily resized and rotated to any angle The last button on the font palette allows you to select from one of the fonts loaded with the operating system Clicking on the ST button will display a font browser dialog that will allow you to specify a font name point size and font style Icons These system fonts generally look better than vector fonts but are not guaranteed to be portable Text primitives having system fonts will remain the same size regardless of parent window geometry 2 3 6 Color Palette Change the Color of Anything The color of any shape can be changed by first selecting it then choosing a color from the color palette The color palette is shown when you click on the bottom button Om me Fi Style Palette SS 44 Line Style Palette So Line Width Palette Ab Ab Ab Ab Ab d A8 Ab ST Text Font Pal
57. size 27 147 SIMSCRIPT Graphics raster font 27 x rotated 26 vector font 26 x y plot 52 text box 63 76 Z text meter 38 TEXTALIGN R 26 139 zoom implementing 14 TEXTANGLE R 26 140 TEXTCOLOR R 26 140 TEXTFONT R 26 140 TEXTSIZE R 26 141 TEXTSYSFONT R 27 29 86 141 time scaling 12 time trace plot 42 44 50 TIME V 50 TIMESCALE V 12 51 141 TIMESYNC V 54 141 tool tip 102 tree 63 77 Vv validate dialog data 81 value box 63 79 velocity 11 VELOCITY A 11 142 VELOCITY F 11 142 VELOCITY x 143 VELOCITY yY 143 verification of dialog data 67 viewing transformations 15 viewport 16 VXFORM V 16 109 143 W WGTEXT R 26 143 window 108 control routine 112 event names 112 fields 110 implementing pan and zoom 114 mapping mode 108 131 scrollable 113 selecting for graphic output 109 size and position 108 status bar 116 148
58. steps to setting up this asynchronous interaction First create a simple process to show your palette The call to ACCEPT F should be made inside this process When ACCEPT F is called the process will suspended therefore you should not try to use this same process to perform any other simulation related activities The process should look something like this Process PALETTE Define PALETTE PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Show PALETTE PTR with palette frm et FIELD ID ACCEPT F PALETTE PTR PALETTE CTL End Example 7 2 Palette displayed during a simulation In this example a palette can be clicked on while a simulation is running Every second the process TEST will print a message While the is happening the user can click on palette buttons without interruption of the simulation To create in SIMSCRIPT Studio 1 Right click on graphics sg2 select new from the popup menu 2 Double click on the container shown in the Palette editor 3 Set library name to Palette2 frm Select the Asynchronous oe radio button Click OK 4 Add two palette buttons using the toolbar on the right then clicking inside the container in the edit window 5 Double click on the top button Select Icon button in the dialog ee Set Icon name to START_L 6 Repeat step 5 for the second button but set Icon name to STOP
59. than one window Routine SETWORLD R W XLO W XHI W YLO W YHT Arguments 138 W XLO W XHI W YLO W YHI Purpose Notes Routine SYSTIME R Arguments CURRENT TICK Purpose Routine TEXTALIGN Arguments HORIZ VERT Purpose Notes Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics Real In real world coordinates Real In real world coordinates where W XLO ne W XHT Real In real world coordinates Real In real world coordinates where W YLO ne W YHT Defines a square or rectangle in world space The argument values define the area to be displayed Points outside this area are clipped and are not displayed Sets the mapping of problem oriented coordinates given in real world coordinates The given arguments define the coordinate system for the rectangular viewport defined using the SETVIEW R routine If icons are loaded from SIMSCRIPT Studio the arguments passed to SETWORLD R should agree with the world coordinate system indicated in the Icon Properties dialog box of the icon editor Usually W XLO lt W XHI andW YLO lt W YHI However SETWORLD R can be used to invert or mirror image a transformation by reversing one or both of the above inequalities YIELDING CURRENT TICK Integer The value represents the elapsed time since midnight in 1 100 second on most systems This routine returns the current time of day in the indicated units R HORIZ VERT Integer Value 0 1 or 2
60. the properties of the dialog box itself by double clicking on the background of the dialog editor s window Dialog properties include the following 82 Library Name Your program should use this name in the SIMSCRIPT show statement when loading the dialog box e Modal Interaction If checked your program will not return from ACCEPT F until a button is clicked on that has the terminating property set While this dialog is displayed the user will not be able to click on any other windows in the application e Title Text displayed in the top or the dialog frame e Multiple rows of tab page headers If your dialog contains tab pages setting this flag will cause page headers to appear in multiple rows when there are too many to display in the page area Otherwise the user will be able to scroll page headers into view Position Use these items to define where on the screen the dialog box will appear when shown Using the radio box you can specify which corner of the dialog will be offset from the lower left hand corner of the screen For example if Top Right positioning is selected the X Offset and Y Offset fields define the distance from the bottom left hand corner of the screen to the top right corner of the dialog box This distance is specified in screen coordinates where the width and height of the computer screen are each 100 units Dialog Boxes e Tab key traversal The ordering of items in
61. to produce changes in how all segments and custom icons are drawn The modeling transformation is supported by the library routines MXRESET R entity Set modeling transform using entity attributes MSCALE R factor Scale by factor MZROTATE R radians Rotate counterclockwise around origin MXLATE R xval yval Translate move in X and Y You can call MZROTATE R MXLATE R or MSCALE R before calling routines to create primitives to cause those graphics to be rotated translated or scaled Rotation and scale are performed before translation The effects of successive calls on both MZROTATE R and MXLATE R are cumulative Translation should be specified in real world coordinate units Call MXRESET R 0 to reset the modeling transformation to zero translation zero rotation and a scale factor of 1 0 You can pass a display entity pointer to MKRESET R to copy the LOCATION A and ORIENTATION A attributes of the entity into the modeling transformation Keep in mind that whenever your program executes a DISPLAY entity or Let LOCATION A entity statements SIMSCRIPT will automatically call MKRESET R given a pointer to the entity that is being displayed In this case the current modeling transformation will be lost If you plan on using a display routine use of the modeling transformation should be reserved for inside of the display routine Calls to OPEN SEG R do not change the modeling transformation 36 Segments Ca
62. variable End this routine pans the display by shifting the world to the given location Routine PAN given XLO YHI Define XLO YHI as real variables Define WIDTH HEIGHT as real variables Compute new dimensions for zoom rect Let WIDTH Z XHI Z XLO wet HEIGHT Z YHI 2Z YLO et Z XLO XLO Let Z XHI XLO WIDTH Let Z YHI YHI et Z YLO YHI HEIGHT pan by changing the world coordinate system Call SETWORLD R Z XLO Z XHI Z YLO Z YHI End taking the center point for the zoom this routine will adjust the world coordinates via SETWORLD R and then update the size of the scroll bar thumb accordingly Routine ZOOM given CLICK X CLICK Y FACTOR Define CLICK X CLICK Y FACTOR as real variables Define CENTER X CENTER Y as real variables Define WIDTH HEIGHT as real variables 115 SIMSCRIPT Graphics 1e co t ENTER X ie t CENTER Y he 1S Z XHI Z YHI Z XLO Z YLO Compute new dimensions for zoom t WIDT t HEIG H HT MIN Limit ENTE zoom R X HI ENTE R Y ie HI HEIGH compute new zoom rectangle using ce F Z XHI Z XLO MIN F Z YHI Z YLO to world boundaries MIN F MAX F C WIDTH 2 0 MIN F MAX F C rT 2 0 EN EN t Z XLO CEN
63. 0 left justified the default 1 centered text 2 right justified Integer Value 0 1 2 3 or 4 0 bottom justified the default 1 centered vertically 2 top justified 3 bottom of character cell 4 top of character cell Set portion of character that is aligned upon the graphic text position The character cell extends both above and below the actual 139 SIMSCRIPT Graphics character Routine TEXTANGLE R ANGLE Arguments ANGLE Integer Selects an angle in tenths of degrees 0 to 3600 Purpose Sets the angle of rotation of subsequent lines text Notes An angle of zero represents normal horizontal text Line of text is rotated counter clockwise as the angle increases Routine TEXTCOLOR R COLOR INDEX Arguments COLOR INDEX Integer COLOR INDEX is an integer with values from 0 to 255 Purpose Set color of subsequent characters Routine TEXTFONT R FONT Arguments FONT Integer Indicates which font to use 0 Basic font 1 Anial 2 Roman 3 Bold Roman 4 Italic 5 Script 6 Greek 7 Gothic Purpose Set text font of subsequent characters Notes Calling this routine will specify that a predefined vector font is to be used These fonts are scaled with the graphics window and can always be rotated but are defined by SIMSCRIPT and may not match fonts found on your operating system To show text in one of the fonts found on your system use the TEXTSYSFONT R routine Routine TE
64. 1 POINTS 2 2 POINTS 2 3 30000 30000 2000 Draw green markers on the endpoints of the filled triangle Call GCOLOR R 2 0 100 Call MARKTYPE R 3 Call MARKCOLOR R 2 Call MARKSIZE R 600 Call POLYMARK R 3 FILL draw a single line into this segment Reserve LINE POINTS as 2 by 2 et LINE POINTS 1 1 8000 et LINE POINTS 2 1 et LINE POINTS 1 2 24000 et Call GCOLOR R 3 1000 600 0 orange Call LINESTYLE R 2 Call LINEWIDTH R 700 Call LINECOLOR R 3 Call POLYLINE R 2 LINE POINTS draw some text Call GCOLOR R 4 1000 0 0 red Call TEXTFONT R 2 Call TEXTALIGN R 1 2 centered text Call TEXTSIZE R 2048 1 16 of window Call TEXTCOLOR R 4 Call WGTEXT R Hello W done with segment Call CLOSE SEG R Wait for the user to While 1 1 do Call HANDLE EVENTS Loop 0 0 green POINTS orld 16000 20000 Now display it close the window R 1 INE POINTS 2 2 18000 18000 29 SIMSCRIPT Graphics End Figure 3 1 Graphics produced by Example 3 1 code 3 7 1 System Font Browser You may want to allow a user to select one of the available system fonts from a predefined font browser dialog box This is done by calling the FONTBOX R routine call FONTBOX R given TITLE yielding FAMILY NAME P
65. 3 Three ways to show multiple data sets together 0 0 0 ce eeeeseeeeeeceeeneeeneees 45 Figure 4 4 Data set representations jcccisscesseyscssectasesecetissed cceaeniventednsdecdvangedtuontsonagioessctes 47 Figure 4 5 Bank model histogram joists cacy ad sshyaccyen saacdiaetasarnesuseasaave eae eapantvattaonsdvowieatss 48 Figure 4 6 Time trace plot using the scrolling window cesceseeeceseceteceeeeneeeeeeeeees 51 RSS A DI OIE AAA EET O EAEE EEA ASET 54 Figure 4 8 A typical pie chart shown in SIMSCRIPT 0 ce eeeeseeeeeeeceeceeeeeeeseeseeeaeens 56 Figure 5 1 The dialog box editor s icc scfecassaiecieesseseasscsacteshivccanivntecta ante cn tuvndectvenienegentsctas 62 Figure 6 1 Editing a menu bar in SIMSCRIPT Studio eee eeeeeeeceeeeceeecesecneeeneeeeeees 88 Figure 6 2 The menu bar from Figure 6 1 displayed in a program c ccsceesseeeteees 88 Figure 6 3 Cascading menus used in a small simulation program seeseeseereeeees 94 Figure 6 4 Right clicking on the earth icon shows a special popup mentu 97 Figure 7 1 Palette Editor in SIMSCRIPT Studio cescsssescescceseesecenceesceseeeeeeees 100 Figure 8 1 Two windows opened by SIMSCRIPT ccccssccssceeeceeseeeseeeseeneeeeeeeenaees 111 TABLES Table 4 1 Mapping graph types to variable types cee sseeceeseceteceeecneeeseeeeeeeceaeeeeaee 40 Table 5 1 How to access various fields using display entity attributes c e
66. AA mouse button is pressed DOUBLECLICK down or lifted up MOUSEMOVE None XMOVE YMOVE Sent whenever mouse movement occurs Example 8 2 Using a control routine to receive window events This example illustrates how your program can receive notification of changes made to the window by the user at runtime A window control routine receives three of the predefined event types CLOSE MOUSEMOVE and MOUSECLICK 113 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Routine WINDOW CONTROL given EVENT NAME WINDOW PTR yielding BLOCK DEFAULT Define EVENT NAME as a text variable Define WINDOW PTR as a pointer variable Define BLOCK DEFAULT as an integer variable Select case EVENT NAME Case CLOSE Write as Attempt to close window Let BLOCK DEFAULT 1 do not terminate here Case MOUSEMOVE Write DDVAL A DFIELD F XMOVE WINDOW PTR DDVAL A DFIELD F YMOVE WINDOW PTR as Mouse moved to D 7 1 D 7 1 Case MOUSECLICK Stop terminate on click in window Default Endselect End Main Define WIN PTR as a pointer variable Call OPENWINDOW R given 16383 32768 8192 24576 Example 2 Window 0 yielding WIN PTR Call SETWINDOW R WIN PTR Call SET WINCONTROL R WIN PTR WINDOW CONTROL While 1 eq 1 Do Call HANDLE EVENTS R 1 8 3 Scrollable Windows Scroll bars pro
67. AG I as integer variables Define FIELD ID as a text variable Create a new dialog box and load it from template library Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog _box frm initialize the dialog box Reserve LIST ARRAY as 3 et LIST ARRAY 1 Hello et LIST ARRAY 2 There et LIST ARRAY 3 World Let DARY A DFIELD F my listbox field DIALOG PTR LIST ARRAY Display the dialog box and wait for terminating button clicklet et FIELD ID ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 Get the selection state for each item in the list for I 1 to DIM F LIST ARRAY do call LISTBOX SELECTED R given DFIELD F my listbox field DIALOG PTR I yielding ITEM SELECTED FLAG select case ITEM SELECTED FLAG case 0 write LIST ARRAY I as ITEM T not selected case 1 write LIST ARRAY I as ITEM T was selected case 2 write LIST ARRAY I as ITEM T was double clicked endselect loop wait for user to hit the lt return gt key Read as End 71 SIMSCRIPT Graphics 5 6 6 Multi line Text Box A multi line text box is useful for displaying or allowing a user to edit multiple lines of text Horizontal and vertical scroll bars are attached if needed SIMSCRIPT Studio allows you to change the following properties Width The width in font units of the box including scroll bar Height
68. ARY A DFIELD F my_list_box_field DIALOG PTR TEXT ARRAY Use these same attributes to get the data after dialog interaction is complete and ACCEPT F has returned Let TEXT VALUE DTVAL A DFIELD F my_text_box_field DIALOG PTR Let REAL VALUE DDVAL A DFIELD F my_value_box_field DIALOG PTR Let TEXT ARRAY DARY A DFIELD F my_list_box_field DIALOG PTR Example 5 2 Main Display a dialog with a value box To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Double click on my dialog _box frm create in Example 5 1 2 Click on the value box tool button on the right palette Position the value box by dragging it with mouse vt 2 3 4 Double click on the value box to display properties 5 Change Field name to my value box field vt 63 SIMSCRIPT Graphics vt Define FIELD NAME 6 Click OK Build the project as a text variable Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Define REAL ALUE Let REAL VALUE 12 3 Show Display the dialog box and wait for terminating button click as a real variable Create a new dialog box and load it from template library initialize the dialog box Let DDVAL A DFIELD F my_value_box_field DIALOG PTR REAL VALUE DIALOG PTR with my dialog box frm Let FIELD NAME ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 List Get the data from dialog Let REAL VALUE DDVAL A DFIELD F my_value_box_field DIALOG PTR R
69. Adding a Simple ICON seesoessscssoesesocscssesecssescssossesossossesoe 3 2 2 Getting Started Showing the Icon sessessesessossescssoesesocsosscsocssssessossssossossesoe 3 2 3 Using the Ilcon Edit r isisrssscissensicscosiiriererssrsrtosststcsieseissnoontesor ssas s scotia kerea asas 4 2 3 1 Draw Tool Palette Creating New Shapes ssssesssesssssessseessesressresseserssresseseess 5 2 3 2 Draw Tool Palette Zoom In and Out ssssssnsnensesseessessseseesseeseseessressessssseessesess 5 2 3 3 Fill Palette Specifying the Fill Style of a Shape cccssesosssrssrcsensoneesnseees 6 2 3 4 Dash and Width Palettes Specifying Line Style cece cceesseceteceteeeeeeeenees 6 2 3 5 Font Palette Vector and System Text Fonts cccccccceecceeseeesseeeeceteeeeeeensees 6 2 3 6 Color Palette Change the Color of Amything ccccccececeseeseeeteceteeeeeeensees 7 2 3 7 Selecting Moving and Resizing Shapes ssesesssesssesessessssressressessrsssessesses i DSB Editing PONS cs vase ectue Sains earned ats So ct au pcnlit er east danse entadinn gate eE A ts caruaeese T 2 3 9 Editing Text Sess rate sey e TE ae ts Lace S A GIR 8 2 3 10 Changing Stacking Onder idee is doe taeenloahoaternin ds ces aaetieusleghe ements 8 ZO AA Usine te Cat eAs2 42525 numena a Sea teeead a a aia a A iani 8 2 3 12 Changing Properties of the Whole Icon s nesseeseeseesessseeseesessseesseserssresseseess 8 2 3 13 Using JPEG Images in Your
70. C 360 0 50 let YPLOT 40 SIN F 2 0 THETA PI C 360 0 50 loop read as end 4 7 Clocks SIMSCRIPT provides both analog circular with hands and digital clocks that can be used to show current simulation time The clocks are dynamic in nature and update automatically whenever the display variable containing time changes in value 54 Creating Presentation Graphics 7 15 00 TIME V Simulation Time Figure 4 7 Clocks 4 7 1 Editing a Clock in SIMSCRIPT Studio Create a clock by selecting either Analog Clock or Digital Clock from the list in the Create New Graphic dialog box When you click on the Create button a graph editor window will appear containing the clock See Chapter 4 1 The color and fill style of individual components including face title and border can be changed by selecting them and using the Style or Color palettes on the right Double click on the clock image to show the Clock Properties dialog box containing the following Name The name of the object within the current graphics library Use this name in your program via the Show or Display statement Title Text of title displayed on bottom Interval Analog clock only Distance between tic marks around the face Num Interval Analog clock only Distance between numbers around the face Max Hours The maximum number of hours the clock s
71. EAL VALUE End Consult the following table to determine which of the attribute to use on a given field Table 5 1 How to access various fields using display entity attributes FIELD Data Application User Calls Entity Attributes Can Control Edit Routine Button No data No Yes Not used Check box Receive yes no input Yes Yes DDVAL A Combo box Select from a list Yes Yes DTVAL A DDVAL A DARY A Label Single text or numeric value No No DTVAL A DDVAL A List box Select from a list No Yes DTVAL A DDVAL A DARY A Multi line text Display many lines of text Yes No DARY A box Progress bar Single numeric value No No DDVAL A Radio button Select one of many Yes Yes DDVAL A Table Select one from a 2 d grid No Yes DTVAL A DARY A DDVAL A Text box Enter a single line of text Yes Maybe DTVAL A Tree Select from hierarchical tree No Yes DTVAL A DDVAL A DARY A Value box Enter a single numeral Yes Maybe DDVAL A 5 4 Using Control Routines to get Input Notification In some cases you will want to provide code to immediately handle dialog input events generated by the user such as button clicks text box modification etc while the dialog is still visible A control routine can be passed to ACCEPT F that will be called whenever a user performs some action on one of the items in a dialog box This is a useful way to perform immediate validation or cross checking of fields Your program should
72. ES 50 for COUNT 1 to NSAMPLES let RANDVAR exponential f 5 0 1 display HISTO see the graph read as end SIMSCRIPT will allow you to show more than one histogram on the same chart graph Assuming you have added multiple datasets to your chart in the graph editor each of these data sets is connected to one of the histogram names included in the show display statement Example 4 3 Show two dynamic histograms in the same chart The following is a program to show two histograms in the same chart The first histogram will show a uniform random distribution while the second shows a normal distribution 50 Creating Presentation Graphics 1 Create the graph in SIMSCRIPT Studio by right clicking on graphics sg2 and selecting new From the dialog box choose 2D Chart from the list set the name to graph3 grf then click Create 2 From the Chart Properties dialog add another data set by clicking on the Add button Also select the Side by side button under Handling of Multiple Data Sets 3 Select the top item then click on the Edit button From the Dataset Properties dialog make sure that under Representation the Histogram radio button is selected and the Fill box is checked Change the Legend to UNIFORM F 4 Apply step 2 to the second dataset except change its legend to NORMAL F preamble define LO HI DELTA K as integer var
73. L A can be read or written to the field by your program Fields with the access code RW represent modifiable components of your window To see the result of a change made to a DDVAL A DARY A or DTVAL A attribute you must redisplay the modified field using a DISPLAY statement For example to dynamically reset the title on a window use let DTVAL A DFIELD F TITLE WINDOW PTR My New Title 111 SIMSCRIPT Graphic S display DFII ELD F TITLE WINDOW PTR To determine the top of the window canvas after the window has been resized use let TOP DDVAL A DFIELD F VIEWHEIGHT WINDOW PTR Table 8 1 Window Display Field Names Field Name Attribute Access Description WIDTH DDVAL A RW Current window width in screen space HEIGHT DDVAL A RW Current window height in screen space VIEWWIDTH DDVAL A R Width of visible portion of NDC space VIEWHEIGHT DDVAL A R Height of visible portion of NDC space TITLE DTVAL A RW Title displayed at top of window HSCROLLABLE DDVAL A RW gt 0 if window should have a horizontal scroll bar VSCROLLABLE DDVAL A RW gt 0 if window should have a vertical scroll bar HTHUMBSIZE DDVAL A RW Width of horizontal scroll bar thumb range 0 0 1 0 VTHUMBSIZE DDVAL A RW Height of vertical sc
74. L TEXT 2 Second line of text Let DARY A DFIELD F my edit box field DIALOG PTR INITIAL TEXT Show the dialog box wait for input If ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 eq OK Get and display the text that the user has entered Let FINAL TEXT DARY A DFIELD F my edit box field DIALOG PTR For I 1 to DIM F FINAL TEXT do List FINAL TEXT I Loop Always Wait for user to hit return 72 Dialog Boxes Read as End 5 6 7 Progress Bar A progress bar is useful for indicating the time to completion of some task being performed by your program It is composed of a horizontal bar whose size indicates a magnitude relative to some lower and upper bound You can set the minimum and maximum values in SIMSCRIPT Studio The user cannot change the position of the bar with the mouse The following properties can be specified in SIMSCRIPT Studio e Label The text on the left hand side of the bar identifying it to the user e Width The maximum visible size of the bar in font units e Min The bar will have zero length when set to this value e Max The bar will have maximum length when set to this value e Value The initial value displayed by the bar Usually progress bars need to be displayed in modeless dialog boxes The ACCEPT F function must return immediately without dismissing the dialog to allow your program to perform necessary processing To make dialog box modele
75. LCOLOR R LINECOLOR R MARKCOLOR R and TEXTCOLOR R If the color of an existing segment is redefined it must be redrawn for the color change to be visible R DEFER Integer 1 set deferral on 0 set deferral off Set deferral status of entire system When deferral is on system changes may be made without updating the display When deferral is off changes to the display will be seen immediately For example when a number of possibly overlapping segments are deleted response may be faster if deferral is on before deletion and is then turned off afterwards SEG ID DETECT Integer A segment ID value as returned by OPEN SEG R Integer 0 set undetectable status 1 set detectable status Make a segment detectable or not A detectable segment can be detected using READLOC R or PICKMENU R SEG ID HIGHLIGHT Integer A segment ID value as returned by OPEN SEG R Integer 0 normal display 1 highlighted Set the highlighting status of a segment A highlighted segment draws attention to itself on the display surface Notes Routine GPRIORITY Arguments SEG ID PRIORITY Purpose Notes Routine GUPDATE R Purpose Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics SIMSCRIPT graphics implements highlighting by drawing the entire segment using the color index number R SEG ID PRIORITY Integer A segment ID value as returned by OPEN SEG R Integer Range is 0 to 255 Set or change the p
76. MSCRIPT Studio Right click on graphics sg2 select new from the popup menu Double click on the container shown in the Palette editor Set library name to Palettel frm Select the Synchronous radio button Click OK 4 Add two palette buttons using the toolbar on the right then clicking inside the container in the edit window 5 Double click on the top button Select Icon button in the dialog Set Icon name to START_L 6 Repeat step 5 for the second button but set Icon name to STOP_L Routine PALETTE CTL given FIELD ID FORM yielding STATUS Define FORM as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Write FIELD ID as Button selected T End WNEH LE vt vt vt vt vt vt tI LE 1 103 SIMSCRIPT Graphics ain Define PALETTE PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Show PALETTE PTR with palettel frm et FIELD ID ACCEPT F PALETTE PTR PALETTE CTL End 7 3 2 Writing a Process for an Asynchronous Palette If the palette is to be used while a simulation is running you will want to define it as asynchronous within the Palette Properties dialog box described above This means that the simulation will not stop running when a call is made to ACCEPT F instead the current process is suspended allowing the simulation to continue There are two
77. NAME POINT SIZE ITALIC BOLDFACE Purpose Notes Routine GCOLOR R Arguments COLOR INDEX RR GG BB ITALIC String The title for the font dialog box String The name of the font selected in the dialog box Integer The size of the font selected in points Integer Return value of the font slant selected by the user The range is from 0 to 1000 For most fonts only two values are allowed Integer Return value of the boldness of the font The range is from 0 to 1000 For most fonts only two values are allowed Show the system font dialog box Provides a predefined dialog box for font specification that can be brought up programmatically to allow the user to select system font attributes The yielded arguments can be passed directly to TEXTSYSFONT R COLOR INDEX RR GG BB Integer Values range from 0 to 255 Integer Amount of red to use 0 to 1000 Integer Amount of green to use 0 to 1000 Integer Amount of blue to use 0 to 1000 123 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Purpose Notes Routine GDEFERRAL Arguments DEFER Purpose Notes Routine GDETECT R Arguments SEG ID DETECT Purpose Notes Routine GHLIGHT R Arguments SEG ID HIGHLIGHT Purpose 124 Define a color index value Sets the color representation for subsequent use under the indicated color index RR GG and BB are the portions of red green and blue to use Index values are passed to routines like FIL
78. NO PSINVERT PSHATCH PSDIALOG Arguments PSFILE PSSIZE PSBORDER PSMONO PSINVERT PSHATCH PSDIALOG Purpose Routine PRINT SEG Arguments SEGMENT ID USE DIALOG SUCCESS Purpose Notes Text The name of the output file Real Height and width of the output in inches Integer Show a window border in the output Integer Not yet implemented Integer Not yet implemented Integer Not yet implemented Integer Bring up a dialog box to get options for the conversion to PostScript Captures all graphics in the current window to a PostScript file R given SEGMENT ID USE DIALOG yielding SUCCESS Integer Segment identifier Integer Nonzero if dialog should be shown Integer Nonzero if printing was completed Print the segment identified by SEGMENT ID If USE DIALOG is nonzero the system print dialog is displayed allowing the user to set print options Routine PRINT WINDOW R given WINDOW PTR Arguments WINDOW PTR USE DIALOG SUCCESS Purpose Notes Routine READ GLIB Arguments FILE NAME USE DIALOG yielding SUCCESS Pointer to a window s display entity returned from OPENWINDOW R Integer If USE DIALOG is nonzero the system print dialog is displayed allowing the user to set print options Integer Nonzero if printing was completed Prints a window If USE DIALOG is nonzero the system print dialog is displayed allowing the user to set print options R FILE NAME
79. OINT SIZE ITALIC DEGREE BOLDFACE DEGREE The FAMILY NAME POINT SIZE ITALIC DEGREE and BOLDFACE DEGREE parameters are identical to those defined by the TEXTSYSFONT R routine The layout of the dialog box is dependant on the toolkit and operating system as well as the choice of fonts If the Cancel button is pressed the FAMILY NAME parameter will be set to Example 3 2 Allowing the User to Select a System Font This program will immediately show a font browser dialog allowing a system text font to be specified The selected font s name is displayed in the window Main Define TITLE FAMILY NAME as text variables Define POINT SIZE ITALIC DEGREE BOLDFACE DEGREE as integer variables Let TITLE Select a font Call FONTBOX R given TITLE yielding 30 Segments FAMILY NAME POINT SIZE ITALIC DEGREE BOLDFACE DEGREE If FAMILY NAME ne Call OPEN SEG R Cal TEXTSYSFONT R given FAMILY NAME POINT SIZE ITALIC DEGREE BOLDFACE DEGREE Call WGTEXT R FAMILY NAME 1000 16000 Call CLOSE SEG R Read as Always End The yielded arguments are identical to those described above for TEXTSYSFONT R FONTBOX R will not return until a font has been selected or c
80. OW PTR Pointer Identifier returned by OPENWINDOW R Purpose Closes a SIMSCRIPT window given its pointer Notes Graphical entities contained in this window are NOT destroyed Attribute DARY A FIELD PTR Mode Array of text Argument FIELD PTR A pointer to a field in a graphic input form Notes Contains the lines of text from a field on an input form For instance in list boxes it is a pointer to the array of text variables in the list Attribute DDVAL A FIELD PTR Mode Double Argument FIELD PTR A pointer to a field in a graphic input form Purpose Access the numeric value attribute of a field Notes This is used to acquire or change information in one field of a form For instance in a value box it is the value which the user 120 Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics entered or which was pre set Routine DELETE SEG R SEG ID Arguments SEG ID Purpose Notes Function DFIELD F Arguments FIELD NAME FORM PTR Purpose Notes Integer Identifier of a segment as produced by OPEN SEG R Delete a segment The segment is deleted Its representation is removed from the display surface Space occupied by its data structures is recycled FIELD NAME FORM PTR Text The name of the field assigned in SIMSCRIPT Studio A pointer to a graphic input form Returns a pointer to the specified field The acquired field pointer is used to access the attributes of the graphic input field
81. S as 3 Let POPUP ITEMS 1 Cut Let POPUP ITEMS 2 Copy Let POPUP ITEMS 3 Detail Select case POPUP F POPUP ITEMS case Cut I aig hae case Copy case Detail default Endselect 6 6 2 Using Popup Menus in a Simulation As in the case with menu bars it is desirable for the simulation to continue to run while waiting for the user to right click in the window When the right click comes the 97 SIMSCRIPT Graphics simulation should be interrupted in order to allow the program to display the popup menu and process the selection A popup menu can behave asynchronously by creating a separate process for interacting with it This process should use the READLOC R routine given locator style 16 to suspend itself until the mouse is clicked At this time the process calls POPUP F to display the popup menu After READLOC R returns the global variable G 4 will contain the segment id of the icon that was last clicked on You can compare G 4 with the SEGID A attribute of known icon display entities to decide which popup menu to show Example 6 5 Showing a popup menu in a simulation In this example a popup menu can be used while a simulation is running Every second the process TEST will print a message While this is happening the user can click in the window with the right mouse button to display the popup Preamble Processes include POPUP MENU TEST Define POPUP F as a text function End
82. TH R 25 126 list box 63 69 LISTBOX SELECTED R 70 126 LOAD FONTS R 126 LOCATION A 11 127 LOCATION F 127 LOCATION X 127 LOCATION Y 128 M MARKCOLOR R 25 128 marker color 25 drawing graphic 25 size 25 styles 25 MARKSIZE R 25 128 MARKTYPE R 128 menu bar 1 87 accessing fields 93 asynchronous 89 91 cascading menus in menus 94 96 changing at runtime 93 checked items 94 146 control routine 90 creating in SIMSCRIPT Studio 87 enable and disable items 95 menu 89 menu item 89 mnemonic letters 89 names of accelerator keys 89 program code 90 menu bar editor 87 menu bar properties 88 message box 83 MESSAGEBOX R 129 meters 38 modeling transformation 34 monitoring a variable 40 MOTION A 12 129 MSCALE R 34 129 multi line text box 63 71 multi page dialog box 80 MXLATE R 35 MXRESET R 34 130 MZROTATE R 34 130 N normalized device coordinates 13 16 notification calling event handler 125 of dialog input 63 window events 112 O OPEN SEG R 22 23 130 OPENWINDOW R 108 130 ORIENTATION A 11 131 P palette 1 100 asynchronous 105 control routine 104 creating in SIMSCRIPT Studio 100 docking 101 drag and drop 106 dragging items into canvas 102 field name 102 loading in a program 103 program code 103 separators 103 toggle buttons 106 palette editor 100 button properties 102 PICKMENU R 17 131 pie chart 38 55 adding
83. TS 2 2 16383 0 Let PTS 1 3 5000 0 COS F ATTR TRIANGLE 16383 0 Let PTS 2 3 5000 0 SIN F ATTR TRIANGLE 16383 0 Call FILLCOLOR R 180 Call FILLAREA R 3 PTS Release PTS End Main Let TIMESCALE V 100 1 second per time unit Activate a TRIANGLE now Start Simulation End Example 3 4 A moving icon defined by the program This next example is a more complete graphical simulation that uses a display routine and a custom defined world coordinate system Preamble Case Study DYNSHAPE This shows a simple dynamic graphics output using SIMSCRIPT It draws a shape and moves it around the screen This version does not use the Icon Editor and It shows the details for generating an icon by program code only Normally mode is undefined Processes Every SHAPE has a SHAPE ICON Define SHAPE ICON as a pointer variable Dynamic graphic entities include SHAPE Define X to mean 1 Define Y to mean 2 Change SIMSCRIPT GRAPHICS indices from numbers to words Define RED to mean 1 Define SOLID FILL to mean 1 End Preamble Main Set up the world view and view port 33 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Let VXFORM es 7 View port number Call SETWORLD R 0 0 2000 0 0 0 2000 0 World view Call SETVIEW R 0O 32767 0 22755 Screen view Reserve the array that describes the ICON and fill it Define ICON ARRAY as a 2 dim re
84. VAL T request 1 TEL work exponential relinquish 1 TE end CUSTOM let WAITING T gt DAY L Creating Presentation Graphics given TIME yielding NEWTIME as double variables E HISTOGRAM with wait grf ERARRIVAL TIME 1 minutes E as a real variable time v time v ARRIVAL TIME minutes v hours v ERVICE TIME 2 minutes f M 5 Dialog Boxes Dialog boxes provide an interactive way for the user to enter input data A dialog box is a window containing a variety of input controls including buttons text labels tabular controls single and multi line text combo value list radio and check boxes These items will be referred to as the fields Tabbed dialogs can also be created in SIMSCRIPT Dialog boxes are constructed using SIMSCRIPT Studio s dialog editor The Studio allows you to create a template for each dialog box needed by your program Templates are saved in the file graphics sg2 Routines in the SIMSCRIPT runtime library will allow you to load a dialog box initialize its fields display it and also retrieve data at any time You can also provide a control routine that gets called automatically whenever the user presses buttons or changes field values 5 1 Using the Dialog Box Editor The first step to adding a dialog box to the SIMSCRIPT program is to define i
85. VATE Arguments FORM PTR ACTIVATE Purpose Notes Routine SETCURSOR Arguments CURSORSTATUS Purpose Pointer to any form or form field Integer 0 Deactivate or gray out the field 1 Activate the field make it selectable Set activation state gray out of a form or field Sets the activation state of a field on a form A deactivated field will appear grayed out i e it is visible but cannot be interacted with Setting the activation state of a dialog box or menu bar will apply that state to all fields contained therein Fields are initially activated R CURSORSTATUS Integer 0 Set the cursor to the normal arrow cursor 1 Set the cursor to the busy watch cursor Sets the cursor status to busy or normal and changes its shape to a watch hourglass or arrow Routine SET LISTBOX TOP R LISTBOX PTR TOP INDEX Arguments LISTBOX PTR TOP INDEX Purpose Routine SETVIEW R Pointer Pointer to list box field obtained from DFIELD F Integer Index of the list item to be positioned at the top of the list window Scrolls the given list box so that the item indexed by TOPINDEX appears at the top of the list V XLO V XHI V YLO V YHT 137 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Arguments V XLO V XHI V YLO V YHI Purpose Notes Integer in Normalized Device Coordinates where 0 lt V XLO lt V XHI lt 32767 Integer in Normalized Device Coordinates Integer in Normalized D
86. WS do For CELL COLUMN 1 to NUM COLUMNS do Let TABLE VALUES CELL ROW 1 NUM COLUMNS CELL COLUMN CONCAT F ITOT F CELL COLUMN ITOT F CELL ROW Loop Loop initialize the fields Let DARY A TABLE PTR TABLE VALUES display the dialog box If ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 eq OK et SELECTED ROW DIV F INT F DDVAL A TABLE PTR 1 NUM COLUMNS 1 et SELECTED COLUMN MOD F DDVAL A TABLE PTR 1 NUM COLUMNS 1 List SELECTED ROW SELECTED COLUMN Always wait for user to press return 76 Dialog Boxes Read as End 5 6 10 Text Box A Text box is a commonly used field type which allows you to place a single line of editable text into your dialog Text boxes have the following properties Label The text appearing on the left hand side of the box Width Size of the input box in font units average number of characters it can contain Text The text string initially shown in the box Selectable Using Return If true the control routine will be called when user presses the Return key after typing text Use the DTVAL A attribute to initialize and retrieve the text If you wish for the control routine to be called when the user presses the lt return gt key set the Selectable using Return property in SIMSCRIPT Studio Some code to initialize and retrieve text from a dialog is Let DIVAL A DFIELD F my_text_field DIALOG PTR
87. XTSIZE R SIZE Arguments SIZE Integer The character height in NDC units with a range of 0 to 32767 140 Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics Purpose Set size of subsequent characters Notes This routine applies to vector fonts only see TEXTFONT R Routine TEXTSYSFONT R given FAMILY NAME POINT SIZE ITALIC BOLDFACE Arguments FAMILY NAME String FAMILY NAME is a string known to the toolkit which identifies the font POINT SIZE Integer The size of the font in points BOLDFACE Integer Denotes the thickness of the font Range is 0 to 1000 ITALIC Integer Denotes the slant of the font Range is 0 to 1000 Notes Allows programmatic selection of a system raster font These fonts are generally provided by your operating system and availability may vary across platforms Text drawn using a raster font will remain the same size regardless of how big the graphics window is If called the font set using TEXTFONT R is temporarily ignored System Global Variable TIMESCALE V Mode Integer Purpose Scales Real time 1 100 second per simulated time unit System Global Variable TIMESYNC V Mode Subprogram variable Notes When non zero this subprogram variable will point to a user exit routine called with the following parameters TIME PROPOSED GIVEN argument mode is DOUBLE The value will be greater than TIME V TIME COUNTERED YIELDING quantity mode is DOUBLE The user must set this to a
88. YENT Mode Argument Purpose Notes Routine MSCALE R Arguments FACTOR Purpose Notes Subprogram variable The subprogram does not return a value Pointer toa DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity Provides an animation velocity management routine The use of a particular animation velocity management routine is indicated through the value of the MOTION A attribute The default routine is named LINEAR R FACTOR Scale factor DOUBLE Set the scaling component of the system modelling transformation The effect of this routine is reset upon entry to a DISPLAY routine or with an explicit call of MXRESET R with argument zero a call to this routine with the argument equal to zero or before the display of an icon The scaling factor will take effect 129 SIMSCRIPT Graphics only if called from within a display routine or before a call to CLOSE SEG R Routine MXLATE R POSX POSY Arguments POSX Real Distance to move POSY Real Distance to move Purpose Specifies translation movement component of a modeling transformation Notes Call from within a display routine or before a call to CLOSE SEG R The translation is cumulative with previous translations All rotation specified through MZROTATE R is performed before translation Routine MXRESET R DSPLYENT Arguments DSPLYENT Pointer to a graphic entity An argument of 0 resets all the components of the system s modeling transformation t
89. _L Preamble Processes include PALETTE EST End Routine PALETTE CTL given FIELD ID FORM yielding STATUS Define FORM as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Write FIELD ID as Button selected T End Process PALETTE Define PALETTE PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Show PALETTE PTR with palette2 frm 104 Palettes et FIELD ID ACCEPT F PALETTE PTR PALETTE CTL End Process TEST While 1 eq 1 Do Wait 1 unit Write as Message from test process Loop End ain et TIMESCALE V 100 1 sec per unit Activate a TEST now Activate a PALETTE now Start simulation End 7 3 3 Handling Toggle Palette Buttons As was mentioned in Chapter 7 1 2 you can define your palette buttons to be one of three varieties momentary toggle or dragable Momentary buttons pop back up automatically after being pressed while toggle buttons stay down Like dialog boxes and menu bars the buttons in a palette are represented by fields of the palette form The DDVAL A attribute of the toggle button field obtained using DFIELD F indicates whether the button is currently in a down 1 or up 0 state You can set the initial state of the button before calling ACCEPT F but after using the SHOW statement In the follo
90. a small gap between bars 2 Histogram Also contains a fixed number of cells Each new data point changes the nearest cell s bar There is no connection between neighboring cells The bar is set at the left edge of the cell and there is no gap between bars The first data cell begins at the X axis minimum 3 Discrete Surface Neighboring cells are connected to form a surface however there are still a fixed number of cells Each new data point changes the nearest peak or valley on the surface The first cell begins at X Minimum Cell_ Width 2 units 4 Continuous Surface Variable number of cells i e a new cell is added to the graph each time a data point is plotted at the given x y location Neighboring cells are connected Use this type of data set for trace plots but not for histograms Plot Type A data set can be shown using a filled region or a simple surface line with or without markers 1 Fill Plot a data cell using a filled polygon The fill style can be reset changes by clicking on a bar and selecting a new style from the right palette 2 Line Plot data cell using a polyline Clicking on the line from the graph editor window then selecting a new line type from the right hand palette can change line width and dash style 3 Mark Use a small marker to represent the data point Markers should only be used with the continuous surface representation Interpolate This check box deter
91. al array Reserve ICON ARRAY as 2 by 7 Let ICON ARRAY X 1 40 Let ICON ARRAY Y 1 100 Let ICON ARRAY X 2 40 Let ICON ARRAY Y 2 0 Let ICON ARRAY X 3 100 Let Aes Y3 0 Let ICON ARRAY X 4 0 Let ICON ARRAY Y 4 100 Let ICON ARRAY X 5 100 Let ICON ARRAY Yr 0 Let ICON ARRAY X 6 40 Let ICON ARRAY Y 6 O Let ICON ARRAY X 7 40 Let ICON ARRAY Y 7 100 Make 1 second of real time pass for every second of simulated time Let TIMESCALE V 100 Define index for red to be 1 call GCOLOR R RED 1000 0 0 Put the process notice for this shape on the event list and associate the icon with it Activate a SHAPE now let SHAPE ICON SHAPE ICON ARRAY Start simulation Release ICON ARRAY End Main Process SHAPE Define I as an integer variable Set up the parameters for controlling motion Let DRTN A SHAPE V SHAPE Move diagonally up the window for 10 seconds et VELOCITY A SHAPE VELOCITY F 200 0 PI C 4 Let LOCATION A SHAPE LOCATION F 0 0 0 0 Work 10 units Change the direction of motion to straight down et VELOCITY A SHAPE VELOCITY F 200 0 PI C 2 Work 5 units Change the direction of motion again Make the shape rotate et VELOCITY A SHAPE VELOCITY F 200 0 0 8 PI C For I 1 to 60 Do Add PI C 60 to ORIENTATION A SHAPE
92. ancel has been pressed In this case FAMILY NAME is set to the empty string 3 8 Segment Priority A segment may have a priority This priority determines the precedence of any overlapping or intersecting images A high priority segment is drawn on top of an underlying low priority segment Priorities are also used to maintain the accuracy of the screen One image will emerge from behind another unscathed Segments with a priority value of zero are not preserved in this way Note that the relationship between differing priorities only exists with segments drawn under the same VXFORM V value All segments drawn under one VXFORM V_ value will overlap segments drawn under any higher VXFORM V value regardless of priority When objects overlap segment priorities determine the order of redrawing moving objects When priorities are equal the item drawn last covers anything under it When a display routine exits the value of SEGPTY A display entity is given to GPRIORITY R to set the priority of the segment A value of zero for this attribute causes the default priority zero 3 8 1 Using Priority Zero Segment with priority zero are not redrawn when their bounding box is overlapped by moving objects A segment with priority zero will be eaten if any other graphical image is drawn on top or underneath Static objects that will never be crossed or otherwise overdrawn by an animated object may be drawn with priority zero This is particular
93. ariable or quantity has a particular value or range of values Each bar in the chart shows how many times the monitored quantity has taken on that value Histograms automatically acquire display capability but including the special qualifier DYNAMIC creates histograms that are automatically updated as the data change without the necessity of issuing repeated DISPLAY commands Histogram names should not be included in a DISPLAY VARIABLES INCLUDE statement but are instead declared through a TALLY or ACCUMULATE statement TALLY hist name low TO high BY interval AS THE DYNAMIC HISTOGRAM OF var name or ACCUMULATE hist name low TO high BY interval AS THE DYNAMIC HISTOGRAM OF var name where var name is already defined as an attribute or global variable 48 Creating Presentation Graphics In Figure 4 5 a histogram is shown which was obtained from the example called bank which simulates bank customers waiting in line for a fixed number of teller resources Each bar in the histogram shows the number of customers that waited between n and n 1 minutes for a teller where the number of minutes n is shown on the x axis a0 Customer Waiting Time of Customers Bin NM oO 0 5 10 15 Minutes Spent Waiting Figure 4 5 Bank model histogram Create a 2 D Chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio to use as a histogram by right clicking on the graphics sg2 tag selecting new then pickin
94. ate a chart or meter in SIMSCRIPT Studio and add to graphics sg2 2 Declare the relevant globally defined variables as DISPLAY in the Preamble 3 Add statements to the executable code to associate display variables with the graph stored in graphics sg2 Each of these steps is described below 4 1 Using SIMSCRIPT Studio to Create and Edit a Graph SIMSCRIPT Studio Provides a Graph Editor that can be used to create and modify your 2 d charts pie charts clocks and meters To get started with the graph editor click with the right mouse button on the graphics sg2 element then select new from the popup menu In the dialog box select from the list labeled Type the variety of clock chart meter or display you with to create Also provide a name for your graph This same name will be used in your program code to load the graph via a SHOW or DISPLAY SIMSCRIPT Graphics statement Clicking on the Create button will create a new graph editor window in SIMSCRIPT Studio s edit pane When a graph editor window is active a Style palette becomes attached to the right side of the SIMSCRIPT Studio window frame This palette allows you to zoom in and out of the graph editor window and also change the fill style line style text font and color of any component on the graph TH SIMSCRIPT II 5 Simulation Studio doc File Edt Project Options Window Help x el elesles e HEREIN F 3 bin W Graph graph1
95. automatic processing to manage the interaction Accept graphic input from the screen Returns the reference name of the last selected field in a form Any data which may have been entered by the user is then accessible through the value attributes and names of the various fields in the form POINTS Real 2 dimensional array reserved as 2 by 2 Values are in real world coordinates POINTS 1 are the x coordinates POINTS 2 are the corresponding y coordinates Draw a circle A circle is drawn with the center at the first given point The second given point is any point on the circumference The circle is drawn with attributes set through FILLCOLOR R FILLSTYLE R and FILLINDEX R Routine CLEAR SCREEN R Purpose Notes Attribute CLOCK A Mode Erases all graphics in the current screen No segments or entities are destroyed DSPLENT Double SIMSCRIPT Graphics Argument DSPLENT Pointer to a GRAPHIC entity or to a DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity Notes Time of last position update This value is maintained by the routine called through MOTION A Routine CLOSE SEG R Purpose Close a segment Notes The segment is closed No additional primitives may be added to it Its representation is made up to date on the display surface No drawing occurs until the segment is closed As a side effect the value of SEGID V is set to zero Routine CLOSEWINDOW R WINDOW ID Arguments WIND
96. bar of a floating palette e Columns for Left Right Dock Number of columns of palette buttons and separators whenever the palette is docked on the left or right edges of the window or the palette is floating e Rows for Top Bottom Dock Number of rows of palette buttons and separators whenever the palette is docked on the top or bottom edges of the window e Columns for Floating Number of columns of palette buttons and separators whenever the palette is not docked on a window edge but floating free e Action taken by ACCEPT F Specify one of the following interaction modes 100 Palettes 1 Asynchronous If this interaction mode is used ACCEPT F will suspend the active process when called Whenever a status value of 1 is returned from the control routine this process is resumed If there is no simulation running and hence no active process the Synchronous interaction mode is used 2 Synchronous Regardless of the simulation ACCEPT F will not return until a status value of 1 is returned from the control routine 3 Don t wait ACCEPT F will not wait for any action by the user but will return immediately Subsequent action on the form will invoke the control routine 7 1 2 Properties of a Palette Button You will need to double click on each button in the palette to specify its properties At the top of the Palette Button Properties dialog is the Field name box Specify a unique text value that
97. bottom Let VXFORM V 1 Call SETWINDOW R given WINDOW1 PTR Let VXFORM V 2 Call SETWINDOW R given WINDOW1 PTR Let VXFORM V 3 Call SETWINDOW R given WINDOW2 PTR Let VXFORM V 2 prepare to display iconl Display ICON1 PTR with iconl icn at 16383 16383 Let VXFORM V 3 prepare to display icon2 Display ICON2 PTR with icon2 icn at 16383 16383 While 1 eq 1 do call HANDLE EVENTS R 1 JU Loop End 110 Windows S amp S P7 amp Top Window ae My SimStudio Documents 32767 32767 My Internet Computer Explorer 24576 16383 My Command 8192 16383 Bottom Window Xa E Recycle Bin P 0 0 Astan 4 E S Mlsivs mow S Top ABotto E 11 02 PM Figure 8 1 Two windows opened by SIMSCRIPT The coordinate space of the computer screen ranges from 0 0 in the lower left corner to 32767 32767 in the upper right 8 1 Setting and Getting the Attributes and Events of a Window Calling OPENWINDOW R yields a display entity pointer The DFIELD F function can then be used on this display entity to access window fields that are predefined by the SIMSCRIPT runtime library 8 1 1 Window Attributes or Fields A window display entity has several predefined field names See table 8 1 The DFIELD F routine is used to get a pointer to the field while attributes DDVAL A DARY A and DTVA
98. box containing a tree 5 6 12 Value Box A value box is used to receive or show a single numerical value to the user A lower and upper bound can be specified for a value box input field The width of the value box is dependant on its Minimum and Maximum Use SIMSCRIPT Studio to set the following properties Label The title appearing on the left hand side of the box Min Max The range of values the box can contain If a value typed into the box is out of range the user will be informed whenever a verifying button is pressed Precision Precision is used to format output and round input It defines the number of digits to the right of the decimal point Negative values can be used to round to 10s 100s etc 0 integer value 1 0 1 2 0 01 1 rounded to 10 s 2 rounded to 100 s Value The initial value displayed in the box Use Scientific Notation Indicates whether output should be formatted using scientific notation i e 71 7 le 1 Selectable Using Return Defines whether the callback routine will be notified when the user presses the Return key the control has input focus Your SIMSCRIPT program can initialize or retrieve the contents using the DDVAL A attribute Let DDVAL A DFIELD F value field DIALOG PTR 12 5 et VALUE REAL DDVAL A DFIELD F value field DIALOG PTR Example 5 12 Using a value box Main Display a dialog with a value
99. box created in SIMSCRIPT Studio Example 5 1 Main Display a dialog box To create this in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Right click on graphics sg2 select new from the popup menu ae Chose Dialog Box from list then click on Create 3 Double click on the window to show the Dialog Box properties Set library name to my dialog box frm click OK Build your project vt 2 3 4 5 Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Show DIALOG PTR with my_dialog_box frm load the dialog box et FIELD ID ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 display the dialog box End 5 3 Setting and Accessing Field Values Each item in you dialog box should be given a unique field name To set the field name double click on an item from the SIMSCRIPT STUDIO dialog editor window to display its properties then fill in the Field Name box Your program can retrieve a pointer to any one of the fields in your dialog box by passing its field name the DFIELD F function The entity attributes DDVAL A DARY A and DTVAL A of the resulting pointer will contain the numerical array or text data shown in the dialog Before calling ACCEPT F you should initialize the fields in your dialog box by setting attributes of the field pointer For example Let DIVAL A DFIELD F my_text_box_field DIALOG PTR TEXT VALUE Let DDVAL A DFIELD F my_value_box_field DIALOG PTR REAL VALUE Let D
100. ce of the area CALL FILLSTYLE R style Set fillstyle as follows 0 hollow 1 solid 2 pattern 25 SIMSCRIPT Graphics 3 hatch CALL FILLINDEX R index Set pattern or hatch fill selection Six distinct styles of hatch are available Hatch styles are as follows 1 Narrow spaced diagonal lines 2 Medium spaced diagonal lines 3 Wide spaced diagonal lines 4 Narrow spaced cross hatch 5 Medium spaced cross hatch 6 Wide spaced cross hatch CALL FILLCOLOR R color Set color of solid or hatched area CALL FILLAREA R n points Adds a polygon to the segment given its vertices The last point is automatically joined to the first point The present fillstyle and fillcolor are used CALL CIRCLE R points Draw a circle where points 1 indicates the center and points 2 is any point on the perimeter CALL SECTOR R points rad Draw a filled arc like a pie slice where points 1 indicate the center and points 2 and points 3 are the end points The sector is drawn counterclockwise from the second to the third points specified If rad is not zero join ends of arc to the center point and fill 3 5 Drawing Lines The primitive operations in this section generate solid and dotted lines The graphic style routines should be called first to set the appearance of the line CALL LINESTYLE R style SIMSCRIPT supports a number of line styles The following styles are
101. coordinates Wait for the user to click somewhere in the canvas with the mouse The graphic cursor is anchored at the given POSX POSY As the user moves the mouse the cursor updates automatically After a click READLOC R scans the viewing transformations in reverse numerical order from 15 to 0 until the NDC position can be reverse transformed If the mouse is located within a viewport specified by some transformation number this number is returned In this way movement of the mouse between viewports may be detected and acted upon As a side effect the global integer G 4 will be set to the ID of the selected segment X Y MAXLEN Arguments X Y MAXLEN Purpose Notes Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics Real Currently ignored Real Currently ignored Integer Currently ignored Read graphic text A text string is read in from a popup dialog box and returned Routine SEARCH GLIB R yielding ARRAY OF ITEMS Arguments ARRAY OF ITEMS Purpose Notes Routine SECTOR R Arguments POINTS FILL Purpose Notes 1 dimensional text array Provide the names of all loaded graphical objects Returns an array containing names of all graphical objects that have been loaded so far The array should NOT be released POINTS FILL Real 2 dimensional array reserved as 2 by N where N 3 Values are in real world coordinates POINTS 1 are the x coordinates POINTS 2
102. ders around the legend title and plot of a pie chart Slice List Box This list box contains the names of all slices in the chart 1 To adda slice set the new slice s name and value in the Slice Name and Slice Value text boxes below and click on the Add button 2 To remove a slice select its name in the list box and click on the Remove button 3 To change the name or value of a slice first select its name in the list box and then update the Slice Name and Slice Value text boxes and press the Update button 4 8 2 Adding a Pie Chart to Your Program 57 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Basically a pie chart can be used to monitor a 1 dimensional array in SIMSCRIPT Each element in the array contains the value for one of the slices in the pie Naturally you should make sure that the number of elements in the array matches the number of slices added in SIMSCRIPT Studio Define PIE VALUES as a 1 dim double array Display variables include PIE VALUES The array should be defined as a display variable in the Preamble After the pie chart has been loaded using a SHOW statement assignments made to any element in the array will update the pie chart automatically Example 4 9 A Dynamic Pie chart Here we show a pie chart with four slices As the program runs an array with 4 elements is assigned values repeatedly causing the chart to be redisplayed To construct the chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio 1 Add a new p
103. e SHOW statement to load in the definition of the icon BEFORE setting the DRTN A attribute to your display routine Example 3 5 An icon defined by SIMSCRIPT Studio and program code For this example create in SIMSCRIPT Studio an icon called icon icn containing a few shapes Use the Icon Properties dialog to make sure the icon is centered When the program is run your icon will be annotated with text indicating its current position Preamble Processes include MOVER Graphic entities include OBJECT End Process MOVER Define A as a real variable show OBJECT with icon icn Let DRTN A OBJECT V OBJECT set display routine For A 0 0 to pi c by 0 01 do Display OBJECT at 16000 12000 COS F A 27000 SIN F A Work 0 1 units Loop End Display routine OBJECT given OBJECT Define OBJECT as a pointer variable Display ICON A OBJECT Call WGTEXT R CONCAT F X ITOT F LOCATION X OBJECT 4000 3000 Call WGTEXT R CONCAT F Y ITOT F LOCATION Y OBJECT 1500 3000 End 35 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Main Let TIMESCALE V 100 1 second per time unit Activate a MOVER now Start Simulation End 3 11 Modeling Transformations In SIMSCRIPT there is a single modeling transformation that consists of translation rotation and scale parameters Parameters of this modeling transformation can be set by the programmer
104. e button When an icon editor window is active a toolbar will appear along the right edge of SIMSCRIPT Studio called the Icon toolbar Clicking on any of the buttons in this toolbar will display a row of buttons that can be used to select current fill style dash font color or mode Example 2 1 Create a rectangle icon Create a new icon called iconl icn and add a rectangle to it To do this first click on the top button in the Icon editor toolbar Now select the rectangle tool third button from the left Click in two different locations in the canvas to define the corners of a rectangle Save your changes using the File Save menu 2 2 Getting Started Showing the Icon The simplest way to show an icon in your SIMSCRIPT program is by using the display statement Display lt icon pointer gt with lt icon name gt at lt x gt lt y gt Where lt icon_pointer gt is your local variable of type pointer lt icon_ name gt is the same name used by the icon editor and lt x gt and lt y gt define where in the window the icon is to be placed NOTE The with and at clauses are optional Example 2 2 Show the rectangle in a program SIMSCRIPT Graphics In the next part of this example we will create a small SIMSCRIPT program to display the icon created in Example 2 1 Main Define ICON PTR as a pointer variable Display ICON PTR with iconl icn at 16383 0 16383 0 Read as End Not
105. e item is displayed at the drop location To create in SIMSCRIPT Studio fe Right click on graphics sg2 select new from the popup menu Double click on the container shown in the Palette editor Set library name to Palette3 frm Select the Asynchronous ve radio button Click OK 4 Add three palette buttons using the toolbar on the right then clicking ae inside the container in the edit window 5 Double click on each button Mark the Icon button and Draggable KN fields For each button set Icon name fields to QUEUE L va ROUTER _L and CLOUD L For each button set Field name to Ht QUEUE ROUTER and CLOUD 6 Create three icons named queue icn router icn and cloud icn rss For each icon use the Edit Insert JPeg option to add a bitmap ue Name the jpeg images QUEUE L ROUTER _L and CLOUD L WN I Respectfully Use the Edit Icon Properties menu to ensur ach ut icon has the Automatic recenter box checked Preamble Processes include PALETTE DUMMY Graphic entities include LOCATOR End Routine PALETTE CTL given FIELD ID FORM yielding STATUS Define FORM as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Define ICON PTR as a pointer variable Define X Y as real variables Let X LOCATION X DINPUT V Let Y LOCATION
106. e sistent ae nn aan e ia akin ha acest A A EEA 89 6 1 3 Menu Item Properties mnei a a a Ei 89 6 2 Showing the Menu Bar in your program sssssssssosososososososorososeseseeseseseseses 90 6 3 Writing a Control Routine for the Menu bar essescsssesesccscoesesoossssessoesee 90 6 4 Using a Menu Bar within a Simulation osssesesoossescssossescesossesecssesessossse 91 6 5 Changing Menus Sub Menus and Menu Items at Runtime 93 6 5 1 Accessing Menus and Menu Items ccceecceecesceeseeeeeceeceeeeesseecsaeeneensnes 93 6 5 2 Accessing Men sin Men s niinniin eetan n man ai 94 6 5 3 Adding Checkmarks to Menu Items c 242 i cessscteetictenen see esuaeainciass 94 6 5 4 Deactivate Menu Items 2 acai case hot Sadscan scales cos els a totiscares eve conv acectee vs tosan av atenecets 94 6 6 POPUP NOT Sx ce crease casssescesincs sense neas Sous teseeicosncuchcseegscdcnnee eas baciaicap cancun RENO 96 6 6 1 Creating and Displaying the Popup Menu ceececcceceseceeeceeeeeeteeeeeeeseeeees 97 6 6 2 Using Popup Menus in a Simulation 0 0 0 cececeseceeeceeeceeeeceeceeeeneeeenteeensees 97 ill SIMSCRIPT Graphics 7 9 iv Palettes cscecatnsacesceeeesserebsonucensweoudssuseuussesniailscepsecessaatentdesntweuncgisastbsabeadsesesteaudesstecsonpesent 99 7 1 Constructing a Palette in SIMSCRIPT Studio sesossoesesosscoesesocssssossossee 99 7 1 1 Properties of the Palette ssisiscisnsscncsssisseresescs
107. e that in the simplest case you can define a pointer variable to hold your icon SIMSCRIPT allows processes and temporary entities to be declared as icons in your Preamble See Declaring Icons as Entities 2 3 Using the Icon Editor The Icon toolbar is located on the right side of SIMSCRIPT Studio s window The toolbar contains 6 buttons that allow you to create new shapes change the style and color of existing shapes change the font of any selected text or even zoom in and out Clicking on a button will pop up another row of buttons 1 SIMSCRIPT II 5 Simulation Studio eject File Edit Project Options Window Help Ble l x ee a bin PS iifalcon pilot3 icn graphics sg2 B dials grt dials10 grt dialxas grt dialyas grt ejectfrm pehute icn pilott icn pilot2 icn plane icn seaticn xplode icn Selected pilot3 icn X 21 20 Zoom 4 Figure 2 1 Icon editor in SIMSCRIPT Studio Icons Show Draw Tool Palette Show Fill Style Palette Show Line Style Palette Show Text Font Palette Show Color Palette Figure 2 2 The Icon Toolbar 2 3 1 Draw Tool Palette Creating New Shapes The draw tool palette is displayed by clicking on the top button in the icon toolbar Initially shown with a small arrow pointing north west The palette allows you to create any of the following shapes Rectangles filled polygons polylines circles sectors arcs filled regions or text see
108. ed to any edge of the window The buttons contained on a palette can be by typical push buttons or can toggle stay down when pressed The user can drag with the mouse the image on a palette button and drop it into the canvas portion of the window In this case your program is notified of the action allowing you to create a display entity representing the object that was dragged Palettes are designed using the SIMSCRIPT Studio Palette Editor A runtime your program code will load and display the palette using the SHOW or DISPLAY statements 7 1 Constructing a Palette in SIMSCRIPT Studio Adding a palette to you program is fairly simple From SIMSCRIPT Studio right click on graphics sg2 and select new from the popup menu From the Create New Graphic dialog box select Palette in the list Provide a name for your palette As a convention palette names usually have the extension frm This name will be provided to your program s SHOW statement Clicking on the Create button will show your new palette in a palette editor window The palette editor will show a vertical toolbar attached to the right side of SIMSCRIPT Studio containing three buttons To add a new palette button to your SIMSCRIPT palette first click on the second button from the top of this toolbar Then position the mouse over the container shown in the palette editor and click down once again The order of the buttons can be rearranged by clicki
109. ee 64 Table 5 2 Dialog box containing many fields 2 0 0 cee ceecceesceeseceteceeeeeeseesseeceseeeteeesees 67 Table 5 3 Typical use of a SIMSCRIPT Tablescciyns ascii eases 76 Table 5 4 Dialog box containing a tree ssssessesessssessesessressessresresseesresressteseesersseessessres 80 Table 5 5 Tabbed dialog box created by SIMSCRIPT Studio 0 cee eeeeeeceseceeceneeneeenee 82 Table 5 6 SIMSCRIPT message DORs 2 csuui casei atsuel aadsiae tiie cueed ante tata ease enn 84 Table 8 1 Window Display Field Names ccssccssscsseceseccsssccssccesscesnesessnessccesacees 112 Table 8 2 Event Nati GS 2 428 saas2alaces ioesecchdanetecaaanenadsasieceadand tna ATESAT ERARA JERE ESA AN ES 113 SIMSCRIPT Graphics vi 1 Introduction to SIMSCRIPT Graphics The goal of a simulation is to increase the understanding of the operation of a complex system Unfortunately the results of simulation studies are often presented only as pages of numbers which fail to communicate the understanding gained The complexity of the system and the simulation can make it difficult for users and decision makers to fully appreciate the interactions between elements of the system In SIMSCRIPT animated graphics called icons clearly show the operation of the simulated system and graphic results are easily evaluated System operation is better understood and decision makers have more confidence in the simulation results Graphical representation also facil
110. el shown on the heading of the page e Icon Name The resource or file name without extension of the jpeg file shown next to the page s label Use the Browse Resources button to select from one of the built in JPEG images or click on the Browse Files button to locate a JPEG file e Verify before hide All value boxes in this page must be validated before the page can be hidden by the user In other words if any value is out of range another page will not be exposed until the fields have been corrected by the user You do not need to make any changes to your source code to use tabbed dialog boxes SIMSCRIPT treats the controls in separate tab pages as if they all belong directly to the dialog box You should therefore make sure that controls in different pages do not share the same field name 81 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Preferences x Save Compatibility User Information General Q view Edt amp Print Options M Blue background white text M Provide feedback with animation M Recently used file list a entries Measurement Units FETE M Show grid lines Cancel Table 5 5 Tabbed dialog box created by SIMSCRIPT Studio 5 8 Dialog box Properties Dialog boxes have various properties that allow you to specify the title initial placement on the screen tab key traversal ordering and how the dialog should be handled by ACCEPT F Using SIMSCRIPT Studio you can change
111. ems A menu item can be deactivated grayed out by calling the SET ACTIVATION R routine The arguments are a pointer to the menu item entity and the integer value 0 to deactivate the item and 1 to activate it Deactivate the item with field name RUN Call SET ACTIVATION R DFIELD F RUN MENUBAR PTR 0 Activate the item with field name RUN Call SET ACTIVATION R DFIELD F RUN MENUBAR PTR 1 94 Menu Bars Another way to active and deactivate items is by concatenating the special code ASCII 129 to the beginning of the menu item text Let ITEM ARRAY DARY A DFIELD F Activate the second Deactivate the secon MENU ITEM FIELD MENUBAR PTR item by concatenating 129 et ITEM ARRAY 2 CONCAT F ATOT F 129 ITEM ARRAY 2 d item by concatenating 130 et ITEM ARRAY 2 CONCAT F ATOT F 130 ITEM ARRAY 2 Example 6 3 Check uncheck activate and deactivate menu items This example shows how individual menu items can be grayed out or have a check mark placed next to them vt To vt 1 vt 5 tT 6 Routin define create in SIMSCRIPT STU Right click on graphic Select Menu bar in th Set the name of the men Click on the Menu icon in the edit window to a Double click on the tex Set its Label to Menu Click on the menu to sh by clicking on the Menu
112. entities and DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entities DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entities can move across the screen while GRAPHIC entities are motionless Any temporary entity including processes may be declared to be GRAPHIC by adding the following statement to the program preamble dynamic graphic entities include namel name2 This statement may be placed anywhere after the entity definition in the preamble 12 Icons 2 5 Predefined Attributes of Graphic Entities When as entity is declared as GRAPHIC or DYNAMIC GRAPHIC SIMSCRIPT will automatically add several additional attributes to your entity that help your program to control the icon The following additional attributes are will be created LOCATION A This attribute allows the program to specify the location of the object with respect to its origin It must be set to a value produced by the system function LOCATION F xpos ypos as follows Let LOCATION A entity LOCATION F xpos ypos ORIENTATION A Use this attribute to rotate the icon about its origin The rotation is specified in radians counterclockwise from 3 o clock For example to rotate your icon 90 degress Let ORIENTATION A entity pi 4 0 SEGID A Returns a segment identifier that can be passed to one of several SIMSCRIPT routines that operate on segments See Chapter 3 for more information about segments 2 6 Animating Icons declared as Dynamic Graphic Entities
113. es button to choose a JPEG file for the button face 7 1 4 Palette Separators It may be desirable to show some buttons in the palette in groups This is common when the buttons are functionally distinct from the rest The palette editor allows separators to be placed in between two buttons You can add a separation by dragging a separator item from the toolbar on the right 7 2 Showing the Palette in your Program The SIMSCRIPT show will create a new instance of a palette and assign it to a pointer variable Show PALETTE PTR with my palette frm The text in quotes is the name of the menu bar that was assigned in SIMSCRIPT Studio The text must match up exactly with the name provided in the menu bar editor or a runtime error will be generated Display the menu bar using the ACCEPT F function as follows Let FIELD ID ACCEPT F PALETTE PTR PALETTE RTN 7 3 Writing Code for a Palette The program needs to be notified of user interaction with the palette You can provide a control routine to ACCEPT F which will be called whenever the user clicks on a button in the palette or drags a button image into the window The SIMSCRIPT runtime library 102 Palettes automatically calls your control routine as the simulation runs asynchronously without the need to poll 7 3 1 Writing a Control Routine for a Palette The first step is to define your control routine Passed to this rou
114. es for font families For example a program may use the font name Times when on Windows systems the equivalent system font is Times New Roman and on Unix systems it is Times Roman Then the font re definition file would consist of the line Times Times New Roman Times Roman The first entry is the generic program name and the subsequent entries are the equivalent system fonts Left Monitoring Routine LOCATION A DSPLYENT Argument DSPLYENT Pointer to a graphic entity dynamic or static Right hand side A pointer to a LOCATION E entity The value must be obtained from LOCATION F x y This value indicates the location of the origin of the object in real world coordinates Purpose Provide location for modeling transformation Notes Set or change the location of a moving object Draw or redraw the object if and as necessary Assignment to this attribute triggers redisplaying of the graphic entity If you also want to change ORIENTATION A do it before assignment to this attribute If only ORIENTATION A is to be changed the object should be explicitly redisplayed 127 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Function LOCATION Mode Arguments X Y Purpose Function LOCATION Mode Arguments DSPLYENT Purpose Function LOCATION Mode Arguments DSPLYENT Purpose Routine MARKCOLOR Arguments COLOR INDEX Purpose Notes F X Y Pointer to a LOCATION E entity This entity is constructed from the x
115. escale In this case data scrolled out of view will be discarded Minimum Maximum Defines the initial lo and high values on the axis e Tic Interval Major amp Minor Defines the distance along the axis between consecutive tic marks If an interval is zero tic marks will not be displayed Numbering Interval Defines the distance along the axis between consecutive number labels on the axis Grid line Interval Defines the distance along the axis between consecutive grid lines X Y Y2 Intersection Point Defines the point in axis coordinates along the axis where the perpendicular axis crosses Data Scaling Factor Defines the factor multiplied to that component of all data plotted to the chart at runtime 4 3 4 Attributes of a Data Set You can edit individual attributes of a data set from the chart detail dialog box Select the name of the database you wish to change and click on the Dataset button This will show the Dataset Detail dialog box which contains the following fields 46 Creating Presentation Graphics Representation Defines how the overall data set is structured You can choose one of the following data set types 1 Bar Graph Contains a fixed number of cells Each new data point changes the nearest cell s plot Neighboring cells are NOT connected The first cell begins at X Minimum Cell Width 2 units The individual bar is centered over the cell and there is
116. esult in the modified component being aligned to the closest intersection pair of grid lines 2 3 12 Changing Properties of the Whole Icon The Icon Properties dialog box can be displayed using the Edit Details menu This will allow you to specify the following Icons Name This is the name of the icon that is referenced from your application program This value should be passed to the SIMSCRIPT SHOW or DISPLAY statement in your code Usually icon names end with a icn extension Priority The priority can be used to specify the behavior of two overlapping icons in an application program Icons given a higher priority number will appear on top or lower priority icons This is the same value used for SEGPTY A attribute of the icon s display entity in your program SETWORLD R Parameters The Xlow Xhigh Ylow and Yhigh fields contain the dimensions of the world coordinate system Usually these same values are passed to the SIMSCRIPT SETWORLD R routine If SETWORLD R is being used in your program it is important to set these fields accordingly to ensure that the icon appears to be sized correctly when display in the application Center Point The X and Y fields under Center Point identify the origin of your icon When the application program sets the location of an icon using a DISPLAY lt icon ptr gt AT or let LOCATION A lt icon ptr gt statement the icon is posi
117. ette System Fonts Select from dialog Figure 2 4 Fill Line and Text Palettes 2 3 7 Selecting Moving and Resizing Shapes When you click on a shape in the icon editor it will be surrounded by four green squares called resize handles In addition the toolbar will reflect the color and style of whichever shape is currently selected You can select multiple shapes by clicking on the background and dragging a selection rectangle over the shape or shapes you wish to choose Another way to make multiple selections is to hold down the lt Shift gt key while clicking on shapes Use the Edit Select All menu to select the entire icon Click on the background to de select all shapes The selected shape s can be moved by clicking and dragging with the mouse To resize a selected shape drag any of the four green resize handles The Cut Copy and Paste items from the Edit menu can be used on any selected shape or shapes To delete any shape select it then press the lt Delete gt key 2 3 8 Editing Points Clicking on a line or polygon that is already selected will permit you to edit the points that define the shape When in point edit mode each point along a shape s boundary is marked by a green square called a point marker You can change the shape by dragging any of the point markers with the mouse New points can be added to the shape by SIMSCRIPT Graphics clicking in between two
118. evice Coordinates Integer in Normalized Device Coordinates Sets viewport of the current viewing transformation This routine defines a rectangular viewport region on the display surface The global variable VXFORM V should be assigned prior to calling this routine Areas lines and points outside this region are clipped For the purpose of specifying viewports a separate coordinate system is used where 0 lt x lt 32767 and 0 lt y lt 32767 Routine SET WINCONTROL R given WINDOW PTR CONTROL ROUTINE Arguments WINDOW PTR Pointer to the window display entity CONTROL ROUTINE Purpose Notes Name of the routine to call when a window event occurs Specifies the control routine to be used for the given window The given control routine will be invoked on any of the following asynchronous window events CLOSE RESIZE VSCROLL HSCROLL MOUSECLICK MOUSEMOVE Routine SETWINDOW R WINDOW PTR Arguments WINDOW PTR Purpose Notes Identifier for a SIMSCRIPT window returned by OPENWINDOW R Associates the current viewing transform VXFORM V to the window with the given id All subsequent drawing to the viewing transform will appear in this window This allows the programmer to use VXFORM V_ to specify which window will receive subsequent graphic input Note that a single viewing transform cannot be drawn in two separate windows Therefore this call must be used if graphics are to be drawn in more
119. fore this function is called the viewing transformation number must be set to a value between 1 and 15 For example to identify a coordinate system with 500 500 in the lower left corner of the window and 500 500 in the upper right corner Let VXFORM V 1 Call SETWORLD R 500 0 500 0 500 0 500 0 At the time an icon is made visible it is sized and positioned with respect to whichever world is currently identified by VXFORM V Therefore whenever you define a custom coordinate system each icon to be drawn in that world must be told its dimensions in the Icon Editor While editing each icon use the Edit Details menu to show the Icon Properties box Enter the SETWORLD R coordinates into the dialog box Example 2 5 Defining your own coordinate system Suppose we want to show an icon in the world with 0 0 at the lower left corner and 1000 1000 marking the upper right corner From the icon editor Create icon5 icn 15 SIMSCRIPT Graphics and draw some shapes Use the Edit Details option to show the Icon Properties dialog Enter the values 0 1000 0 1000 into Xlow Xhigh Ylow Yhigh Also make sure that both the Allow icons to scale and Automatic recenter check boxes are checked The following code should be used Main Define ICON PTR as a pointer variable Let VXFORM V 1 Call SETWORLD R 0 0 1000 0 0 0 1000 0 Display ICON PTR with icon5 icn at 500 0 500 0 Read as E
120. g 2 D Chart from the list See Chapter 4 1 Keep in mind that each dataset in your chart will correspond to a single histogram In the program code the graph is loaded and displayed using the display or show statements DISPLAY HISTOGRAM hist namel hist name2 WITH my_chart grf or SHOW HISTOGRAM hist namel hist name2 WITH my_chart grf One of the above statements must be invoked before any values are assigned to the monitored variable and before any other reference is made to the histogram name The first assignment to the monitored variable for dynamic histograms will cause the histogram to be displayed and any further references will cause the chart s appearance to be updated Thus for a dynamic histogram DISPLAY statements are redundant If variable names are used for the histogram limits low high interval these will be automatically initialized from the X axis graduations specified on the chart These can be edited in SIMSCRIPT Studio Should the displayed bounds on the Y axis be exceeded during the simulation the histogram will rescale automatically 49 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Dynamic histograms may be destroyed by specifying their names in an ERASE HISTOGRAM statement ERASE HISTOGRAM namel Example 4 2 Show the histogram of a single variable For this example we want to see the only the end results of the simulation run therefore a simple non dynamic histogram is used Notice that
121. g check the Time Trace Plot box 3 Modify the X Axis by clicking on the X Axis button Check both the Compress data and Rescalable boxes Set the title to TIME V 4 Click on the item in the Datasets list box and push the Edit button From the Dataset Properties dialog box under Representation select Continuous Surface Clear the Fill check box and set the Line and Interpolate boxes Preamble define RANDVAR as a double variable display variables include RANDVAR processes include SAMPLE end process SAMPLE until TIME V gt 1000 do let RANDVAR uniform f 0 100 2 wait exponential f 5 0 1 units loop end main show RANDVAR with graph5 grf activate a SAMPLE now let TIMESCALE V 10 0 1 sec per unit start simulation read as end 4 6 Simple X Y Plots SIMSCRIPT can be used to generate a simple line or surface graph when there is no simulation running This is done by simply using a time trace plot described above To add a data point to the graph its x coordinate is assigned to the TIME V global The variable used for the graph is set to the desired y value Example 4 6 Drawing a line graph of a simple function In this example the function y 100 x 1 is plotted For this example borrow the same graph used in Example 4 5 but change its name to graph6 grf A temporary variable SAVTIME is u
122. grf fs graphics sg2 custom2 ic custom3_ custom3_ custom3_ dialog1 frn dialog icr i dialog2 frn F dialog3 frn F dialog5 frn i Es dialog6 frn 7 dyn2 grt icont icn icon2 icn icon3 icn icon4 icn icond icn icon6 icn icon icn Ss Selected graph1 grt X 2101 32032 Zoom 1 Figure 4 1 The SIMSCRIPT Studio Graph Editor 4 1 1Changing Size and Position of a Graph There are two modes of operation in the graph editor called select and zoom In select mode default you can click on various parts of a graph then change the style or color You can also move the graph by dragging it with the mouse At each corner of the graph you will see a small green box called a resize handle You can drag any of these handles with the mouse to resize the graph The graph will be displayed in the same size and location in your program as shown in the editor window 40 Creating Presentation Graphics 4 1 2 Zoom In and Out Clicking on the second button from the top of the style palette magnifying glass allows you to enter a zoom mode When in zoom mode clicking on the graph with the left mouse button will zoom in while the right button allows you to zoom out Click on the top button arrow to return to select mode 4 1 3 Changing Color Font Fill and Line Styles The Style palette also has buttons that enable you to change fill style dash style line width and text fo
123. has an area in proportion to its fraction For example if a quantity is one third of the whole its slice will be one third of the pie chart 56 Creating Presentation Graphics Tax Revenue Breakdown MY Schools 33 E General Fund 15 E Redevelopment Agencies 15 E Special Districts 18 Cities 18 Figure 4 8 A typical pie chart shown in SIMSCRIPT 4 8 1 Editing a Pie chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio Add a pie chart to your application by right clicking on the graphics sg2 tag then selecting new from the popup menu Select Pie chart from the list box then click on the Create button Position your pie chart by dragging it with the mouse It can be resized by dragging one of the small green rectangles at a corner The color or fill style of a slice in the chart can be changed by selecting it then choosing from the style palette on the right You can also select the text labels and borders and change the style color and font by using the palette on the right edge of the window Double click on the piechart to display a dialog box showing its properties From this dialog you can add and remove slices in the chart or change the name displayed in the legend This dialog box contains the following items Name The name of the object within the current graphics library This name is used in you program code Title Text of title displayed on top Show border Determines whether to put bor
124. here is no guarantee that this ratio of real time to simulation time will be maintained as the simulation runs When there is not enough processing speed additional elapsed real time will be taken 14 Icons Example 2 4 Moving an icon around in your program In this example use the icon created in Example 2 3 When you run the program the icon will move from the lower left corner 0 0 to the upper right corner of the window Preamble Processes include CART Dynamic graphic entities include CART End Process CART Let LOCATION A CART LOCATION F 0 0 0 0 et VELOCITY A CART VELOCITY F 4000 0 PI C 4 0 Work 10 units et VELOCITY A CART 0 stop the cart Work 5 units End Main Let TIMESCALE V 100 1 second per time unit Activate a CART now Show CART with icon3 icn Start Simulation End 2 8 Coordinate Systems In SIMSCRIPT size and position of icons is not specified in pixel offsets but in more generalized and portable world coordinate units By default icons are positioned with respect to what is called Normalized Device Coordinates Using this system the point 0 0 is placed in the lower left hand corner of the canvas while 32767 32767 is the upper right comer Given the needs of the application it may be more convenient to use a different mapping of coordinates The SIMSCRIPT SETWORLD R routine is used to specify your coordinate system But be
125. hown at the top of the face that the clock is capable of showing generally 12 As this value is exceeded the time display will start over from 0 00 00 Show Hours Show Minutes Show Seconds You can control displaying the hour minute and second hands with these items Hours Per Day Currently this parameter has no effect on the layout of the clock It is only used within the application program Minutes Per Hour Defines the time interval before the hours are incremented by one Seconds Per Minute Defines the time interval before minutes are incremented Show Borders Analog clock only Determines whether to put a borders around the face of the clock 4 7 2 Adding a Clock to Your Program A clock in SIMSCRIPT works by showing the current value of a display variable See Chapter 4 2 2 You define this variable in your PREAMBLE like this Define CLOCKTIME as a double variable Display variables include CLOCKTIME 55 SIMSCRIPT Graphics But there needs to be some way to automatically update the clock whenever simulation time changes This can be done by writing a time synchronization routine and assigning it to the TIMESYNC V system variable This routine will then be called whenever SIMSCRIPT is about to update the value of TIME V and will allow you to change the clock by assigning your display variable to the given parameter called TIME Let TIMESYNC V CLOCK UPDAT
126. iables define VAR NAME1 VAR NAME2 as a real variables tally HIST NAME1 LO to HI by DELTA as the dynamic histogram of VAR NAMEL1 tally HIST NAME2 LO to HI by DELTA as the dynamic histogram of VAR NAME2 end main display histogram HIST NAME1 HIST NAME2 with graph3 grf for K 1 to 500 do let VAR NAME1 UNIFORM F LO HI 1 let VAR NAME2 NORMAL F LO HI 1 loop read as end Because the histograms are specified as dynamic they redisplay any time the variable VAR NAME1 or VAR NAMEZ2 is assigned a value It is not necessary to use a DISPLAY statement to update the chart Example 4 4 A Time Weighted Accumulated Dynamic Histogram Accumulated statistics are weighted by the duration of simulated time for which the value remains unchanged For this reason the example is written to use a process to generate the sample data waiting for simulation time to elapse between each sample In this example histogram limits are declared in terms of variables These variables obtain their values from the X axis specification of the 2 d chart created in SIMSCRIPT Studio To create the graph follow the steps outlined in Example 4 3 except call the graph graph4 grf Preamble define RANDVAR LO HI DELTA as double variables accumulate HIST LO to HI by DELTA as the dynamic histogram of RANDVAR processes include SAMPLE end process SAMPLE until TIME V gt 100 do
127. ialog box to position Acceptable values for DDVAL A are as follows 0 gt Position ignored Place the dialog box in the center of the application s window 1 gt Bottom left corner 2 gt Bottom right corner 3 gt Top left corner 4 gt Top right corner For example suppose we want to show the dialog box in the top right corner of the screen Let DDVAL A DIALOG PTR 4 Let LOCATION A DIALOG PTR LOCATION F 32767 32767 The value of LOCATION A is updated automatically whenever the user repositions the dialog The allows you to save the location of the dialog before your program quits then redisplay it in the same place 83 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Write LOCATION X DIALOG PTR LOCATION Y DIALOG PTR as Dialog box is at D 6 0 D 6 0 5 9 Predefined Dialog Boxes Dialog boxes are designed to be general enough to receive a wide variety of data type from the user However some dialog boxes are commonly used in many different applications for a specific purpose Toolkits provide standard dialog boxes for message display file browsing and font selection The SIMSCRIPT runtime library provides an interface for these built in dialogs 5 9 1 Simple Message Box If you wish to only display a message and not present the user with a decision the easiest way is to call the MESSAGEBOX R routine Pass the message text and the title of the dialog to this routine and a dialog is displayed containing a button labeled
128. ication program when the segment is created and is usable as a handle to change segment properties such as visibility A program can build segments using one of the following routines CALL OPEN SEG R Opens a segment A segment identifier is set in the global variable SEGID v After this routine is called you can make calls to routines that draw graphic primitives like FILLAREA R and CIRCLE R CALL CLOSE SEG R Closes the currently open segment and makes it visible SEGID V is set to zero CALL DELETE SEG R segid Deletes the indicated segment All primitives in the segment are erased from the display surface Only one segment may be open at any time A segment may not be re opened and edited While a segment is open its ID is available in the global variable SEGID v This value is copied to the SEGID A attribute of the display entity upon exit from a display routine Note that OPEN SEG and CLOSE SEG should never be called from within a display routine Once a segment is closed its attributes may be modified using this identifier and the following library routines CALL GPRIORITY R segid pri 24 Segments Explicitly set or change the priority of a segment pri is an integer in the range 0 to 255 Segment priority is explained later CALL GVISIBLE R segid vis Make a segment visible or invisible where vis is an integer 0 invisible 1 visible CALL GDETECT R segid sel Make a segment selectable wi
129. ie chart named graph9 grf to the project 2 Double click on the pie chart to show its properties 3 Click on the first slice shown in the list box Enter y sqrt TIME V in the Slice name field then click on the Update button 4 Click on the second slice shown in the list box Enter y TIME V in the Slice name field then click on the Update button 5 Click on the third slice shown in the list box Enter y TIME V TIME V in the Slice name field then click on the Update button 6 Click on the Add button to create a new slice Select the new fourth item in the list Enter y TIME V TIME V TIME V in the Slice name field then click on the Update button Preamble Define Y as a 1 dim double array Display variables include Y Processes include PIECHART End Process PIECHART While 1 eq 1 do assign values to the slices then wait Let Y 1 SQRT F TIME V Let Y 2 TIME V Let Y 3 TIME V TIME V Let Y 4 TIME V TIME V TIME V Display Y Wait 0 01 units Loop End Main Reserve Y as 4 Show Y with graph9 grf Let TIMESCALE V 100 1 sec per unit 58 Activate a PIECHART now Start simulation End Example 4 10 The Bank Model Creating Presentation Graphics As an example of the use of presentation graphics in a simulation model a very simple single queue multiple server bank
130. ill show a legend below the plot area The fill style and color of each data set is shown preceding its name Show Border A chart can be defined to draw a rectangular background underneath Data Sets A data set can be added using the Add button or removed by selecting its name in the list box and then pressing the Remove button To change the properties of a data set select its current name in the list box and then press the Edit button Handling of Multiple Data Sets If stacked all discrete data sets will be stacked on top of each other In other words the value plotted in a data cell is reflected as the height of the bar not its top Therefore stacking means that the bottom of a cell in data set n is equal to the top of the same cell in data set n I e higher numbered data sets are stacked onto the lower numbered ones 2 Side by side means to show thinner bars next to each other in the same cell Unlike stacked the top of each bar reflects its current value 3 If the Overlap radio button is marked higher numbered data sets will obscure the lower numbered sets 00 Covered 300 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 Stacked 0 10 20 30 40 50 Adjacent 20 30 40 50 WS third 0 10 BE First P Seconc 45 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Figure 4 3 Three ways to show multiple data sets together 4 3 3 X Y Y2 Axis Detail Dialog Box To change the range numbering interval o
131. ing a Clock in SIMSCRIPT Studio ccccccsscssssccsscsssecescesnscsseesseeseses 54 41 2 Adding a Clock to Your Program ccccccccessceeeceeseeececeeceeeeeseeeeseeensees 54 BB Pie CURES ssion seca patina sine eas ca hts lus cuss cy sense Ria s clio S 55 4 8 1 Editing a Pie chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio eee eeceeseceteceeeeeeeeeesees 56 4 8 2 Adding a Pie Chart to Your Program cccceecceeseesceesceceteceseecnseeeeeeennees 56 Dialog BOXES 5 55 shsssssbususesusvensspudeevaiss nogsveteouesndcdpoensinepuuvendnassdoseaveuwiedenanssuducewiae ceantese 61 5 1 Using the Dialog Box Editor esesoossesessoesesosscesesocssescssossesossossesocssssessossse 61 5 2 Showing a Dialog Box in SIMSCRIPT esosssesesocssesossoesesocscesesecssssessossse 62 5 3 Setting and Accessing Field Values oesesossoesesocssescssoesesocsossesecssssesscesse 63 5 4 Using Control Routines to get Input Notification seeoesoesesoossesessossee 64 5 5 Enable and Disable fieldS iiccccscisicccscsesecesesssadensscsssedsstecsorsursacssuienseboodusesdees 66 5 6 Dialog Boxes Field Types essessesesocsssscsecesescsscesesocsssscseossesossoesesocssesessossse 66 SOl BUTTONS nein ioe eb gotcha tec apc onto uen E E ch Steamed E aaa o Maus 67 562 COCK IB Om gases lsc a sess e Ais a a tiles ane sate a a vitae etal 68 CIID ROK As Natasa Wahi su Gruman y a a estan suas aad eovs moms a ees ah an gob 68 5 6 4 Labels amp Group BOXES wa
132. is detected The program then compares the global variable G 4 to the SEGID A attribute of any icon that can be selected Example 2 8 Select an icon during simulation For the following example use icon3 icn cart icon from Example 2 3 This small program will allow you to click on the cart with the mouse Preamble Processes include CART MOUSE MONITOR Dynamic graphic entities include CART End Process CART Let LOCATION A CART et VELOCITY A CART Work 9 units End LOCATION F 0 0 0 0 VELOCITY F 2000 0 PI C 4 0 Process MOUSE MONITOR While VELOCITY X CART gt 0 0 do Call READLOC R 0 0 16 If G 4 eq SEGID A CART Write as Icon was selected Else Write as Nothing was selected Always Loop End Main Let TIMESCALE V 100 1 second per time unit Activate a CART now Activate a MOUSE MONITOR now Show CART with icon3 icn Start Simulation End 2 12 Attaching a dynamic text value to your icon 20 Icons Suppose you wanted to show a text string displaying a status value along with the icon representing some object in a simulation If the icon is dynamic you will want this text to move with the icon automatically Using the SIMSCRIPT Studio icon editor you can tag a text primitive in your icon as being Definable then in your program set the text string by setting the DTVAL A attribute of the ICON A attribute of yo
133. itates debugging Coding data and modeling errors are apparent thus avoiding the need for tedious error tracking SIMSCRIPT II 5 has a wide range of applications and is prepared with built in language features allowing the programmer to represent entities ranging from aircraft on runways to messages in a communications network Icons are custom built graphical objects usually composed of colored circles lines polygons and text They can be used to represent anything from single moving objects to a complicated static background An icon can even contain JPEG images of any dimension Using SIMSCRIPT Studio s icon editor a template of the icon is created named and saved to the graphics sg2 file Through the SIMSCRIPT Show and Display statements your program can load copies of the icon into display entities Effective visualization of statistical quantities may also be important A time elapsing simulation sometimes requires that dials level meters 2 d plot chars histograms and pie charts be dynamic This allows the user to changes to monitored quantities as they take place SIMSCRIPT provides several predefined graph objects for viewing single quantities in dials level meters or histograms 2 d charts and pie charts allow a whole set of data points to be viewed Graphs are updated automatically as data quantities change Most modern applications allow more user interaction than in the past Users expect to be able to co
134. item while the program is running the SIMSCRIPT runtime library will call the control routine passing the field name of the menu item selected Code in the control routine can match the field name against the known menu item fields taking whatever action is necessary when a match is found A control routine heading looks like this Z Routine MENUBAR RTN given FIELD NAME ENUBAR PTR 90 Menu Bars yielding FIELD STATUS The FIELD NAME text argument will contain the field name specified in SIMSCRIPT Studio The MENUBAR PTR argument is the pointer to the menu bar display entity Your control routine will fill in the FIELD STATUS integer argument with one of the following values 0 Continue to display the menubar 1 Stop displaying the menubar Return from ACCEPT F Example 6 1 Use control routine to receive callbacks from a menu bar To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Right click on graphics sg2 then select new from popup 2 Select Menu bar in the list click on the Create button 3 Click on the Menu icon right toolbar then on the menubar g in the edit window to add a menu 4 Double click on the text of the new menu to show properties a Set its Label to Menu and field name to MENU 5 Click on the menu to show its pane Add four items MI by clicking on the Menu Item toolbar button third from top m then in the small pane 5 Double click on items t
135. itor of the origin or hot spot on the icon that is positioned by the call to LOCATION A The object will be rotated about this point if the ORIENTATION A attribute is assigned Usually you will want the origin to be at the geographic center of the icon in which case you should check the Automatic recenter box 16 Icons If the Allow icon to scale with world check box is cleared this will prevent the icon from changing size based on changes made via SETWORLD R You should clear this checkbox if you do not know the dimensions of the world ahead of time or wish for the icon to remain a fixed size as it appears in the application The previous example program uses a movable icon with the Allow icon to scale with world flag checked 2 9 2 Editing Background Icons Now suppose that you are creating a graphical background for your application that will only be displayed once You usually want the background icon to look the same in your program as it does in the icon editor Portions of the background may need to be laid out at precise coordinates to match up with other movable icons that are to move about the background To ensure that what you see in the editor matches what you see in your program double click on the background of the icon editor window to display the Icon Properties dialog Set the values in this dialog accordingly 1 Clear the Automatic recenter box 2 Assign the same values for Xlo
136. its contents are controlled by the PANEWIDTH and STATUSTEXT fields Main Define PANE WIDTH as a 1 dim integer array Define STATUS TEXT as a 1 dim text array Define WIN PTR as a pointer variable Define I as an integer variable Reserve PANE WIDTH as 3 Reserve STATUS TEXT as 3 Let PANE WIDTH 2 10 Let PANE WIDTH 3 20 Let STATUS TEXT 1 Pane one Let STATUS TEXT 2 Pane two Let STATUS TEXT 3 Count 0 Call OPENWINDOW R given 16383 32768 8192 24576 Example 4 Window 0 yielding WIN PTR Let DARY A DFIELD F PANEWIDTH WIN PTR PANE WIDTH Let DARY A DFIELD F STATUSTEXT WIN PTR STATUS TEXT Call SETWINDOW R WIN PTR For I 1 to 10000 do Let STATUS TEXT 3 CONCAT F Count ITOT F I Display DFIELD F STATUSTEXT WIN PTR Call HANDLE EVENTS R 0 Loop End 118 9 Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics The following is an exhaustive list of all graphics related routines and predefined global variables in SIMSCRIPT II 5 Function ACCEPT F Arguments FORM PTR CONTROL RT Purpose Notes Routine CIRCLE R Arguments POINTS Purpose Notes FORM PTR CONTROL RT A pointer to the graphic input form to be used This pointer was obtained in the SHOW statement This is either the name of a control routine to control the graphic interaction or simply 0 to specify no control routine If there is no control routine then it is left entirely up to the
137. l and under Default button check Yes 5 Click on the OK button then build the project Main Define MESSAGE PTR as a pointer variable Define TEXT LINES as a 1 dim text array Reserve TEXT LINES as 2 85 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Show MESSAGE PTR with my message _box frm et TEXT LINES 1 Do you want to save changes to the project et TEXT LINES 2 My Project dat Let DARY A MESSAGE PTR TEXT LINES Select case ACCEPT F MESSAGE PTR 0 Case YES Call MESSAGEBOX R User selects YES Response Case NO Call MESSAGEBOX R User selects NO Response Case CANCEL Call MESSAGEBOX R User selects Cancel Response Endselect End 5 9 3 File Browser Dialog Toolkits provide standard dialogs for browsing through the directory structure of the file system These dialogs can now be accessed from within a SIMSCRIPT program using the FILEBOX R routine as Define FILTER TITLE PATH NAME FILE NAME as text variables et FILTER dat Let TITLE Select a data file Call FILEBOX R given FILTER TITLE yielding PATH NAME FILE NAME The FILTER variable can either be a wild card or a fully or partially qualified file name The selected file and its path are returned in the FILE NAME and PATH NAME variables respectf
138. l be re colored by SIMSCRIPT after you set the DCOLOR A attribute of the icon s ICON A attribute pointer value 21 SIMSCRIPT Graphics From the icon editor select any one of the primitives then click on the properties button on the top toolbar From the dialog box check the Define color using DCOLOR A check box and save the icon In your program use the following code to change the color of the icon let DCOLOR A ICON A ICON PTR COLOR INDEX VALUE display ICON PTR 2 14 Destroying and Erasing Icons The image of a graphic entity is placed on the display surface when the first DISPLAY statement is executed You can simply erase the icon from the window without destroying the display entity by using the ERASE command Erase ICON PTR Execution of a DESTROY statement will destroy the entity free all memory used by graphics and erase the icon Destroy ICON Destroy this ICON called ICON PTR 22 3 Segments Normally it is recommended that programmers use the SIMSCRIPT Studio Icon Editor to create and save icons using the user interface However there are some circumstances where icons must be created by the program Perhaps the icon is created based on one or more data values that are known only when the program is run The SIMSCRIPT run time library provides a rich set of routines that can be used to build your own icon To draw static graphical images or graphics that are not linked
139. ld coordinate units per simulated time units Real Angle of motion in radians Pointer to a VELOCITY E entity This entity is constructed from the velocity and angle values to represent a vector location Set a present velocity given absolute velocity and angle Returns the indicated function value X DSPLYENT Pointer to a DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity Real This function returns the x coordinate of the current velocity of the object in real world coordinate units per simulated time units This is a read only value Purpose Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics Inquire the present velocity in the X direction Function VELOCITY Y DSPLYENT Arguments DSPLYENT Function value Purpose Pointer toa DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity Real This function returns the y coordinate of the current velocity of the object in real world coordinate units per simulated time units This is a read only value Inquire the present velocity in the Y direction Global Variable VXFORM V Mode Purpose Notes Routine WGTEXT R Arguments STRING X Y Purpose Notes Integer Values range between 0 and 15 inclusive Indicates which viewing transformation is in effect The default transformation is provided by VXFORM V 0 a one for one mapping of real world coordinates into Normalized Device Coordinates VXFORM V indicates which transformation is to be defined redefined or used This all
140. le Show MENUBAR PTR with menubar3 frm load the dialog box 95 SIMSCRIPT Graphics et FIELD ID ACCEPT F MENUBAR PTR MENUBAR RTN display form End Example 6 4 Menus inside menus In this example cascading menus are constructed To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Right click on graphics sg2 then select new from popup 2 Select Menu bar in the list click on the Create button 3 Click on the Menu icon right toolbar then on the menubar ee in the edit window to add a menu 4 Double click on the text of the new menu to show properties T Set its Label to Menu and field name to MENU 5 Click on the menu to show its pane Add a menu to the menu ny by clicking on the Menu toolbar button then in the menu pane ae Set the field name and Label of the new menu to SUB MENU 6 Repeat step 5 adding a new menu to the sub menu Label it ue SUB SUB MENU Add a menu item labelled SUB SUB ITEM to the sub un sub menu 7 Build the project Routine MENUBAR RTN given FIELD NAME MENUBAR PTR yielding FIELD STATUS Define FIELD NAME as text variable name of field Define MENUBAR PTR as pointer variable pointer to bar Define FIELD STATUS as an integer variable set to 0 1 Write FIELD NAME as T was selected Return End ain Define MENUBAR PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD
141. ll MZROTATE R pi c 2 0 Call MXLATE R 10 0 10 0 Call MSCALE R 0 5 Figure 3 3 Modeling transformations in action 37 SIMSCRIPT Graphics 4 Creating Presentation Graphics This chapter describes features of the SIMSCRIPT II 5 language which support both the display of numerical information in a variety of static and dynamic chart formats and the representation of changing values using a variety of graphs These graphs are constructed in SIMSCRIPT Studio and loaded into you program via a SHOW or DISPLAY statement Graph types include Histograms Grouped histograms Dynamic bar charts Pie charts X Y plots Trace plots exhibiting variables traced over time Meters that show a single value These features are supported by SIMSCRIPT II 5 language enhancements In general data is collected with versions of the TALLY and ACCUMULATE statements Data is then displayed with several forms of the DISPLAY statement Both static and dynamic graphs are supported Data structures can be defined to represent either the immediate state of variables or to generate dynamic displays that automatically change over simulated time as the program modifies the variables being observed The dimensionality of structured data must match the dimensionality of the graph for example a scalar value can be shown on a dial or level meter but a 2 d chart or piechart is required to represent an array of values To create presentation graphics 1 Cre
142. log box menu bar and palette control routines do The control routine is assigned to the window by calling SET WINCONTROL R Call SET WINCONTROL R given WINDOW PTR CONTROL ROUTINE Where the control routine is formatted as follows Routine CONTROL ROUTINE given EVENT NAME WINDOW PTR yielding BLOCK DEFAULT Define EVENT NAME as a text variable Define WINDOW PTR as a pointer variable Define BLOCK DEFAULT as an integer variable Table 8 2 lists all events that can be received by the control routine The Default Action column explains what the SIMSCRIPT runtime library will do after the control routine is called if the yielded argument BLOCK DEFAULT is set to 0 The Affected Fields are defined in Table 8 1 and set by the runtime library before the control routine is called Table 8 2 Event Names Event Name Default Action Affected Fields Description CLOSE Terminate application None Sent when user selects window go away icon RESIZE Redraw window WIDTH HEIGHT Sent when the user contents VIEWWIDTH resizes or maximizes the VIEWHEIGHT window VSCROLL None VTIHUMBPOS Sent whenever the user moves the vertical scrollbar thumb HSCROLL None HTHUMBPOS Sent whenever the user moves the horizontal scrollbar thumb MOUSECLICK None XCLICK YCLICK Sent whenever any T
143. ly important if the bounding box of the static object is much larger than the object itself and is crossed by animated objects Unimportant items crossed by moving objects can often be represented in priority zero This could leave their image in a temporarily damaged state but might provide a visual trace of the path of moving objects 31 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Figure 3 2 Overlapping objects of different priority 3 9 Display Routines Previously we have covered cases where an icon is to move around the window over time However what if the structure of the icon itself should be dynamic That is to say the icon s exact appearance is either not known ahead of time or changes dynamically A display routine is an attribute of a graphic entity that can be set programmatically This routine is called automatically by SIMSCRIPT whenever it is necessary to display an icon i e the program executes a DISPLAY or LOCATION A statement The routine can contain code to either draw the icon from scratch using calls to create output primitives or to make modifications to an icon created using the icon editor The attribute is called DRTN A and is set as follows Let DRIN A V lt routine_name gt The heading of the actual routine is defined like this Display routine lt name gt given ICON PTR define ICON PTR as a pointer variable You should not call OPEN SEG R or CLOSE SEG R from inside a display routine Upon entering the displa
144. m code 54 editing in SIMSCRIPT Studio 53 updating with TIME V 54 CLOCK A 12 119 INDEX CLOSE SEG R 22 119 CLOSEWINDOW R 119 color 20 21 colors cfg file 21 combo box 63 67 context menus 96 coordinate systems 13 D DARY A 62 71 77 93 117 119 DCOLOR A 20 DDVAL A 62 68 75 78 80 120 DELETE SEG R 22 120 DESTROY statement 20 DFIELD F 93 110 120 dial 38 dialog application of attributes 63 control routines 63 data field access 62 enable and disable fields 65 field name 60 field types 66 loading in a program 61 tabbed multi page 80 dialog box 1 60 location 82 modal 81 modeless 81 predefined 83 tab key traversal 82 dialog box editor 60 dialog properties 81 tabbed dialogs 80 DINPUT V 64 DISPLAY statement 1 36 display variables 40 drag and drop 106 DRTN A 30 120 DTVAL A 19 62 68 75 121 DTVAL A 76 dynamic graphic entities 10 E ERASE HISTOGRAM statement 48 ERASE statement 20 65 F field 62 file browser dialog 85 FILEBOX R 85 121 FILLAREA R 24 121 FILLCOLOR R 24 122 FILLINDEX R 24 122 FILLSTYLE R 24 122 flipping the viewport 16 font browser dialog 29 85 FONTBOX R 29 122 G G 4 18 GCOLOR R 21 123 GDEFERRAL R 123 GDETECT R 23 124 GHLIGHT R 23 124 GPRIORITY R 23 124 graph 1 creating in SIMSCRIPT Studio 36 erasing 40 loading into program 40 graph editor changing axis scaling 38 changing col
145. me of last change are updated and the entity displays itself The user does not call this routine It is automatically assigned as the motion attribute of a DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity R COLOR INDEX Integer Values range from 0 to 255 Set color of subsequent line primitives Call before POLYLINE R SECTOR R R STYLE Integer The following style values are supported 1 solid 2 long dash 3 dotted 4 dash dotted 5 medium dashed 6 dash with two dots 7 short dash Set style of subsequent line primitives Call before POLYLINE R SECTOR R R WIDTH Integer In NDC units range 0 to 32767 Set width of subsequent lines Call before POLYLINE R SECTOR R Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics Routine LISTBOX SELECTED R LISTBOX PTR INDEX Yielding SELECTED Arguments LISTBOX PTR Pointer to a list box FIELD within a form INDEX Integer Index into array of list items SELECTED Integer return value 1 if item has been selected 2 if it has been double clicked on 0 otherwise Purpose Get selection status of an item in a list box Notes Given a list box field pointer and an index into the array of items returns whether this item is currently selected or has been double clicked Routine LOAD FONTS R FILE NAME Arguments FILE NAME String The name of the file to be loaded Notes Loads the font re definition file FILE NAME A font re definition file defines equivalent nam
146. mines whether there is linear interpolation in forming the connecting surface between consecutive data points If this item is NOT checked the surface will be shown with only horizontal and vertical lines Use Left Axis Use Right Axis Your chart can be defined to simultaneously show two sets of independently scaled data by using a second Y axis generally shown to the right of the plot area Each data set in your chart can belong to either the left or right second Y axis Static This item is used to enhance performance for static graphs In this case a single polygon or polyline will be used to display all cells in the data set Cell Width For bar histogram and discrete surface data sets this is the size of each data cell For histograms the first data cell begins at the X axis minimum For bar and surface graphs the first cell begins at X_Minimum Cell Width 2 units Polymark Attributes Select from one of six varieties of mark style You must check the Mark box before markers will be used in your graph 47 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Histogram Representation 100 50 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 io Bar Graph Representation 50 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 100 Discrete Surface Representation 50 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 200 Continuous Surface Representation 50 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Figure 4 4 Data set representations 4 4 Histograms The purpose of a histogram is to give the user a read out on how often a v
147. n a Dialog Box x tab group box C radio button M check box combo box optiont text box Entertexthere value box h25 label list box any lines of text can be placed into this field Ei multi line text box tree Table 5 2 Dialog box containing many fields 5 6 1 Buttons Buttons do not hold data but it can be used to activate a control routine verify contents of value boxes or close its dialog box In SIMSCRIPT Studio double click on a button to edit its properties Label Text shown on the face of the button Default Setting this item will make this button the default button Default buttons can be pressed using the lt Enter gt key Verifying When a Verifying button is clicked on each numerical value in the dialog will be checked against its acceptable range see Value Box Terminating Clicking on a Terminating button will erase its dialog If the dialog box is modal the application will return immediately from ACCEPT F 67 SIMSCRIPT Graphics 5 6 2 Check Box A check box is used to receive and show yes no input The SIMSCRIPT Studio Checkbox Properties dialog will show the following Label The text on the right hand side of the box identifying it to the user Checked Initial state of the check box In your program the check box is checked when DDVAL A 1 and cleared
148. nd You can implement PAN and ZOOM operations using SETWORLD R To zoom in increase the values of XLO and YLO while decreasing XHI and YHI Pan left or right by adding the same negative or positive constant to XLO and XHI Pan up or down by adding a negative or positve constant to YLO and YHI Example 2 6 Using SETWORLD R to implement Zoom To zoom into the above icon use the same code and icon as in Example 2 5 but specify different parameters to SETWORLD R The result will be bigger looking shapes Main Define ICON PTR as a pointer variable Let VXFORM V 1 Call SETWORLD R 250 0 750 0 250 0 750 0 Display ICON PTR with icon5 icn at 500 0 500 0 Read as End 2 9 Editing Background vs Movable Icons in the Icon Editor When creating your icon in the SIMSCRIPT Studio Icon Editor it is important to bring up the Icon Properties dialog to make sure that the attributes correspond to the desired application In some circumstances the program is responsible for defining the position of the icon at runtime by setting the LOCATION A attribute or rotating using ORIENTATION A We will call this category of icon movable Remember that both static and dynamic icons can be repositioned through the LOCATION A attribute 2 9 1 Editing Movable Icons When editing the properties for one of these movable icons you should inspect the center point fields This coordinate defines the location in the icon ed
149. ne of the graphs saved in your graphics sg2 file When the variable changes in your program the graph is updated automatically to reflect its new value 41 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Ea Speed MPH Percentage Full 150 125 ae 75 50 25 of 25t Pi Queue Length Figure 4 2 Meters in SIMSCRIPT 4 2 1 Creating a Meter in SIMSCRIPT Studio There are three types of meters that can be created in SIMSCRIPT Studio to represent a display variable Level meters dials and digital displays These items can be picked from the Create new graphic dialog box described above From the graph editor double click on the meter to display its Properties dialog box This dialog will contain the following Name The name of the graph Used by your program in a show or display statement Title Text of title displayed on bottom Minimum Maximum Defines the range of values shown by the meter Interval Distance between tic marks on the single axis or face specified in Axis coordinates Num Interval Distance between numbers on axis or face specified in Axis coordinates Min Theta Dial only Angle in degrees where the minimum value is placed around the dial circumference Angle is measured counter clockwise from 3 00 position Max Theta Dial only Angle in degrees where the maximum value is placed around the dial circumference Angle is mea
150. ng and dragging a button to the desired position in the container Delete a button by selecting it with the mouse and pressing the lt Delete gt key To see what your palette will look like when the application is run by using the test window Display your palette in a test window by clicking on the rightmost button in the toolbar at the top of the SIMSCRIPT Studio window SIMSCRIPT Graphics H1 SIMSCRIPT II 5 Simulation Studio das File Edit Project Options Window He Olas a raela e val graph6 grt val graph8 grf E icont icn T icon2 icn T icon3 icn icon4 icn r HUILE Enter test mode E icon7 icn ZE menubar frm T menubar icn Selected palette1 ttm Figure 7 1 Palette Editor in SIMSCRIPT Studio 7 1 1 Properties of the Palette Palettes can be attached to any edge of the application window or be floating not unlike a modeless dialog box Palettes can also be dockable meaning they can be moved by the user from one edge of the window to another while running the application Palettes cannot be resized they are always sized to fit their contents The Palette Properties dialog box can be viewed by double clicking on the palette button container shown in the edit window This dialog box contains the following e Library Name The name of this palette in the graphics library which should be provided to the SHOW statement e Title Title text displayed in the header
151. nt Clicking on the bottom button will allow you to make a color change You can change the style or color of any part of the graph by first selecting the component then choosing a new style or color from the Style Palette 4 1 4 Changing Data Related Properties As the graph editor starts up a graph with default settings will be shown in the editor s window To change the axis scaling data set properties titles or the name double click on the graph while in select mode A property dialog box will appear allowing you to change attributes of the graph It is important to set the name field to the same value that is used in your program code to load in the graph via the DISPLAY or SHOW statement Graph names usually have the grf extension See below for a more detailed description of the various graph types Table 4 1 Mapping graph types to variable types Created in SIMSCRIPT Studio Variable type Declaration statement Chart Real Integer Array DISPLAY TALLY ACCUMULATE Analog Clock Digital Clock Real Integer TIME V DISPLAY Dial Digital Display Level Meter Real Integer DISPLAY Pie chart Array DISPLAY Text Meter Text DISPLAY 4 2 Displaying Single Variables in a Meter A SIMSCRIPT program may have important scalar numerical values that are either global variables or entity attributes that change over time In SIMSCRIPT you can associate what we will call a display variable with o
152. nt of the DARY A attribute of the STATUSTEXT field defines the text to display in the corresponding pane Usually this text will need to be updated as the 117 SIMSCRIPT Graphics program runs Do this by first obtaining a pointer to the DARY A attribute of the STATUSTEXT field changing the element then re displaying the field Specify initial text array to go in the status bar Reserve STATUS TEXT as 3 Let STATUS TEXT 1 One Let STATUS TEXT 2 Two Let STATUS TEXT 3 Three Let DARY A DFIELD F STATUSTEXT WIN PTR STATUS TEXT Update the status bar text in the middle of the program Let STATUS TEXT DARY A DFIELD F STATUSTEXT WIN PTR Let STATUS TEXT 2 New status text Display DFIELD F PANEWIDTH WIN PTR The first pane in the status bar shows status text for a highlighted menu item or palette button From the menu bar and palette editors in SIMSCRIPT Studio this can be specified in the Status message box in the Menu Item Properties and Palette Button Properties dialogs At runtime existing text in this pane will be replaced as the mouse hovers over the menu item or palette button Example 8 4 Creating a window with a status bar In this example we show how the above window fields can be used to add a status bar to the bottom of a window Both the size of each pane and
153. nt to this attribute will delete the previous segment if one exists Assigning the value 0 to this attribute will erase the segment Assignment to this attribute has the following side effects 1 If the old value is not zero it is taken to be a segment identifier of an existing segment That segment is deleted 2 If the new value is not zero it is taken to be a segment identifier of an existing segment That segment is re displayed at the position and rotation indicated by the LOCATION A and ORIENTATION A attributes Global Variable SEGID vV Mode Notes Attribute SEGPTY A Mode Subscript 136 Integer Segment identifier While a segment is open its ID is available in the global variable SEGID V This value is copied to SEGID A upon exit from a DISPLAY routine When a segment is closed the value of SEGID V_ becomes zero DSPLYENT Integer Display priority should range between 0 and 255 Pointer to a GRAPHIC entity or to a DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity Notes Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics The priority of a graphic entitie is supplied through this attribute Graphic entities with a higher priority are displayed in front of lower priority segments The order of displaying segments of equal priority is not defined Priority 0 is treated specially by SIMSCRIPT Segments of this priority are not automatically re displayed by the system Routine SET ACTIVATION R FORM PTR ACTI
154. nting the menu or item To get a pointer to a menu pass the menu s field name along with the menu bar pointer to the DFIELD F function To get a pointer to the menu item pass a pointer to its menu and its field name to DFIELD F Define MENU PTR MENU ITEM PTR as pointer variables et MENU PTR DFIELD F MENU FIELD NAME MENUBAR PTR et MENU ITEM PTR DFIELD F ITEM FIELD NAME MENU PTR The DFIELD F call will recursively search through all menus and sub menus for the item specified Therefore you can usually get a pointer to the menu item using only one call to DFIELD F with the menu bar pointer as its parameter Let MENU ITEM PTR DFIELD F ITEM FIELD NAME MENUBAR PTR The DARY A text array attribute of the menu pointer contains the labels of the items shown in the menu If for some reason you need to know the ordinal position of the menu item that was last selected by the user it is available through the DDVAL A attribute of the menu containing the selected item The indexing begins at 1 Define ITEM ARRAY as a 1 dim text array Define ITEM NUM as an integer variable Define SELECTED ITEM TEXT as a text variable Let ITEM NUM DDVAL A MENU PTR Let ITEM ARRAY DARY A MENU PTR Let SELECTED ITEM TEXT ITEM ARRAY ITEM NUM
155. ntrol the whole application through a menu bar displayed at the top of the window or to use a smaller context menu to dynamically make changes to an individual item Dialog boxes are used as a convenient way to communicate data quantities to a program Applications will also include palettes scroll bars and allow the user to double click or drag graphical object around the window SIMSCRIPT provides support for forms which include menu bars dialog boxes tool bars and popup message boxes SIMSCRIPT supports these objects using JAVA which allowing programs to be recompiled and executed on different operating systems without recoding or retooling the graphical user interface The SIMSCRIPT Studio development environment provides a point and click interface for creating objects falling into all three of the above categories of icons graphs and forms SIMSCRIPT provides both language and runtime support allowing these objects SIMSCRIPT Graphics to be displayed in your program The objects are contained in a graphics library file called graphics sg2 shown as a component in your SIMSCRIPT Studio project tree The names of all graphical objects can be seen by clicking on the next to graphics sg2 Any existing object can be shown in a separate editor by double clicking on its name You can add new objects to the library by right clicking on graphics sg2 then selecting new from the popup menu Each chapter in this document explain
156. o null Purpose Reset the modeling transformation to that of the given object Notes The rotation is set from ORIENTATION A OBJECT The translation is set from the LOCATION A attribute of the given graphic entity Routine MZROTATE R THETA Arguments THETA Real Angle of rotation in radians Positive values indicate counter clockwise rotation Purpose Set the rotation attribute of the modeling transformation Notes Specify rotation component of a modeling transformation Successive calls on this routine are cumulative The given rotation is added to previous rotations Will only take effect if called from within a display routine or before a call to CLOSE SEG R Routine OPEN SEG R Purpose Open a new segment Notes A new graphic segment is opened and made able to accept graphic 130 Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics primitive operations The integer global variable SEGID V is changed to the identifier of this new segment Routine OPENWINDOW R XLO XHI YLO YHI TITLE MAPPING Yielding WINDOW PTR Arguments XLO XHI YLO YHI TITLE MAPPING WINDOW PTR Purpose Notes Integer NDC coordinate for left edge of window with respect to screen Integer NDC coordinate for right edge of window with respect to screen Integer NDC coordinate for bottom edge of window with respect to screen Integer NDC coordinate for top edge of window with respect to screen Text Title of window Integer
157. o set text and properties Hs Set item field names and labels to FIRST SECOND THIRD tT and TOUTT 6 Build the project Routine MENUBAR RTN given FIELD NAME MENUBAR PTR yielding FIELD STATUS define FIELD NAME as text variable name of field define MENUBAR PTR as pointer variable pointer to bar define FIELD STATUS as an integer variable set to 0 1 Select case FIELD NAME Case FIRST Write as First was selected Case SECOND Write as Second was selected Case THIRD Write as Third was selected Case QUIT let FIELD STATUS 1 1 gt return from ACCEPT F Default Endselect Return End ain Define MENUBAR PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Show MENUBAR PTR with menubarl frm load the dialog box et FIELD ID ACCEPT F MENUBAR PTR MENUBAR RTN display the dialog box End 6 4 Using a Menu Bar within a Simulation If the menu bar needs to be available to the user while a simulation is running you will not want the program to disappear into the ACCEPT F function To prevent this the menu bar must be asynchronous This means that the simulation will not stop running when a call is made to ACCEPT F instead the current process is suspended allowing the simulation to continue 91 SIMSCRIPT Graphics There are two steps to setting up this asynchrono
158. of using the mouse Any menu item can have its own accelerator key This attribute determines which key will be mapped to this menu item To use enable keys such as a z 0 9 and other punctuation and symbols keys to activate the menu item just type the key character directly The naming convention for keys performing functions are defined below escape Names the Esc or Escape key delete Names the Del or Delete key return Names the Enter or Return key backspace Names the lt or the Backspace key tab Names the Tab key f1 f2 fn Names the function keys F1 F2 Fn at the top of the keyboard 89 SIMSCRIPT Graphics e Use Alt Use Ctrl Use Shift Specifies which modifier key must be held down in conjunction with the accelerator key described above e Accelerator Key Label This is the name appended to the menu item label used to describe how to invoke the keyboard accelerator For example the string Ctrl C could describe an accelerator activated by holding down the Ctrl key and pressing c e Status Message If the window containing this menu bar has a status bar this help message will appear in the first status bar pane The text will be displayed whenever this menu item is highlighted by the pointer not necessarily activated e Checked Menu items can have an off on state shown by a small check
159. on to the VELOCITY A attribute display entities have an attribute called MOTION A This attribute is a sub program variable that contains the routine called when SIMSCRIPT needs to update the position of an icon that has a velocity Normally you will just use the default motion routine which implements linear movement The motion routine takes the display entity as its only parameter If you chose to provide your own motion routine you can use the CLOCK A attribute to keep track of the last simulation time Let MOTION A ICON PTR LINEAR MOTION Routine LINEAR MOTION ICON PTR Define ICON PTR as a pointer variable Define TDELTA as a real variable YH et TDELTA TIME V CLOCK A ICON PTR Let LOCATION A ICON PTR LOCATION F LOCATION X ICON PTR TDELTA VELOCITY X ICON PTR LOCATION Y ICON PTR TDELTA VELOCITY Y ICON PTR End 2 7 Simulation Time and Real Time The value of TIMESCALE V establishes a scaling between real time and simulation time Setting TIMESCALE V 100 establishes a one to one mapping of simulation time units and real elapsed seconds if the Real Time in seconds TIMESCALE V simluation time units 100 Therefore decreasing the value of TIMESCALE v has the effect of making the simulation run faster in less elapsed time provided there is enough computer power to do both the computational simulation and the animated graphics T
160. or style of a component 38 creating a meter 39 move a graph 37 resize a graph 37 style palette 37 zoom in and out 38 graphic entities 10 graphics library 2 graphics library file 2 graphics sg2 1 2 1 8 9 10 36 39 40 41 47 48 49 51 52 55 60 62 84 85 87 88 91 92 95 96 100 103 104 105 107 134 graphs charts and meters 36 group box 68 GUPDATE R 125 GVISIBLE R 23 125 H HANDLE EVENTS R 125 histogram 44 46 48 49 I icon animation 11 attaching text 19 background 15 constructed on line 30 constructed on line and off line 33 creating in SIMSCRIPT Studio 1 destroy 20 detecting selection 17 display routines 30 drawing by program 21 dynamic 15 erase 20 g 4 18 icon editor center point 7 colors 5 coordinate system 7 creating new shapes 3 dash styles 4 definable color 20 definable text 19 drawing tools 4 edit points 5 edit text 6 fill styles 4 fonts 4 grid 6 icon properties 6 import graphics 10 importing jpeg files 8 move shapes 5 priority 6 resize shapes 5 stacking order 6 toolbar 3 using 2 zoom in and out 3 145 SIMSCRIPT Graphics ICON A 19 20 33 importing graphics 10 INITIALIZE field 64 introduction 1 JAVA 1 jpeg file 8 80 103 sizing 9 label 63 68 level meter 38 line color 25 dash style 25 drawing 25 width 25 LINEAR R 125 LINECOLOR R 25 125 LINESTYLE R 25 126 LINEWID
161. ows SIMSCRIPT to provide multiple mappings between real world spaces and areas on the display screen Such user defined mappings are specified by first assigning VXFORM V to a unique value then calling routines like SETWORLD R and SETVIEW R VXFORM V can be used in conjunction with SETWINDOW R to define which window receives subsequent graphic input and output STRING X Y Text Real in real world coordinates Real in real world coordinates Write a text string to the currently open segment The text string is written starting at the indicated point The string is written in the current text alignment text angle text color text size and text font using values provided through the routines that set these properties 143 A ACCEPT F 61 82 87 88 90 118 ACCUMULATE statement 36 46 animation speed 12 start 11 stop 12 attributes of graphic entities 11 B BACKGROUND field 64 bank model 47 57 bar chart 44 button 63 66 C chart 38 41 adding and removing datasets 42 adding program code 47 50 changing properties 41 data cell connection 45 data set attributes 44 editing in SIMSCRIPT Studio 41 grid lines 44 marker style 45 multiple data sets 42 43 name for loading 41 rescaling over time 44 second y axis 45 specifying attributes of axes 43 check box 63 67 circle color 24 drawing 24 hatch style 24 CIRCLE R 24 118 CLEAR SCREEN R 119 clock 38 53 adding progra
162. play properties Change Field name to my radio box field Add buttons with field names green button red button oy and blue button 7 Click OK Build the project OU BRUNE Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Show DIALOG PTR with my_dialog_box frm Make the blue button initially selected Let DDVAL A DFIELD F red_ button DIALOG PTR 0 Let DDVAL A DFIELD F green button DIALOG PTR 0 Let DDVAL A DFIELD F blue button DIALOG PTR 1 Display the dialog box If ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 eq OK If DDVAL A DFIELD F red button DIALOG PTR ne 0 Write as Red was selected Always EE DDVAL A DFIELD F green_button DIALOG PTR ne 0 Write as Green was selected Always LE DDVAL A DFIELD F blue button DIALOG PTR ne 0 Write as Blue was selected Always Always Wait for the user Read as End 5 6 9 Table A table is a two dimensional arrangement of selectable text fields or cells The table can be scrolled both horizontally and vertically All cells in the same column have the same width but you can define the width of this column A table can have both column and row headers The headers are fixed and will remain in view when the table is scrolled You can navigate through a table using the left right up and down arrow keys The callback routine is invoked whenever a cell is clicked on or an a
163. r Right justified You can also set the initial contents of the cells in the table by clicking on the Contents button A duplicate table of the one you are working on will show the initial contents of all cells To change the initial contents of a cell select the corresponding cell in the Cell Detail table and then type in the new text and press Return Your SIMSCRIPT program can initialize the table using the DARY A attribute Text values are laid out in row major order For example assume the table has NUM COLUMNS columns including row headers and NuM ROws rows The index into DARY A for cell CELL COLUMN CELL ROW is computed as follows Let TABLE VALUES CELL ROW 1 NUM COLUMNS CELL COLUMN 3 Note that the array containing these text values must be reserved big enough to hold all the cells The DDVAL A attribute contains the index of the currently selected cell while DTVAL A contains the text for this cell You can compute the selected row and column from DDVAL A as follows Let TABLE PTR DFIELD F table_field DIALOG PTR Let SELECTED ROW DIV F DDVAL A TABLE PTR 1 NUM COLUMNS 1 Let SELECTED COL MOD F DDVAL A TABLE PTR 1 NUM COLUMNS 1 Row 1 is the top row in the table and column 1 is the leftmost column If row headings were added to the table then column 1 refers to the row headings If the
164. r any other property associated with the X axis Click on one of either X axis Y axis or Y2 axis buttons from the Chart Properties dialog box Another dialog will be brought up which contains the following Title Label for axis displayed below or to the left of numbering The title can contain multiple lines of text Rescaleable Specifies whether the axis will be re numbered scaled when one of the data points extends beyond its limit In the case or the X axis the Compress Data item determines whether a scrolling window is used and whether old data is discarded or the range of the graph is to be expanded showing all data Note that rescaling may modify the tic mark numbering and grid line intervals to maintain a similar visual representation of the chart If this item is not checked data points falling beyond the limits of the axis will be discarded Show grid lines If this item is on grid lines will be shown crossing the axis Tics centered Tics inside Tics outside Defines the tic mark alignment with respect to the axis line Tics marks can be attached to the axis from their center left or right sides Compress data X Axis only When this item is set re scaling the X axis will increase the coordinate area of the chart enough to encompass the offending data point As a result existing data will shrink in size Clearing this item will have data scrolled along the X axis during axis r
165. raph but show each quantity in a different scale 4 3 1 Editing a Chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio For applications requiring a histogram time trace plot or X Y plot you should create in SIMSCRIPT Studio a Chart Create by right clicking on the graphics sg2 tag selecting new then picking Chart from the list box Once in the graph editor charts behave like the other graphs You can click on various components numbering bars axis then use the style and color buttons on the right palette to change the appearance Double click on the graph to show the properties 4 3 2 Chart Properties Dialog Box The main detail dialog box for the chart has buttons for changing the Axes adding removing and editing data sets as well as specifying labels Name The name used to load the chart into your application program Title The title shown on the top of the chart The title can have multiple lines of text Axes on Edges If checked numbering and tic marks will appear on all edges of the plot area For better visual reference two extra axes will be drawn on both the top and right sides of the plot area Time Trace Plot Setting this item implies that the chart is a time trace plot Whenever a variable being monitored by the chart is modified its new value is plotted along the Y axis and the current simulation time is plotted along the X axis 44 Creating Presentation Graphics Show Legend Chart w
166. real variables 8 Define WLO WHI and WDELTA as integer variables 9 Define CLOCKTIME as a double variable 10 Display variables include CLOCKTIME N Q TELLER 11 Graphic entities include SHAPE 12 Tally WAITING TIME HISTOGRAM WLO to WHI by WDELTA 13 as the dynamic histogram of WAITING TIME 14 end preamble 1 main 2 call INITIALIZE 3 call INITIALIZE GRAPHICS 4 start simulation 5 read as 6 end main 1 routine INITIALIZE 2 let NO OF TELLERS 4 3 let MEAN INTERARRIVAL TIME 2 0 4 let MEAN SERVICE TIME 7 0 5 let DAY LENGTH 4 hours v days 6 create every TELLER 1 7 let u TELLER 1 NO OF TELLERS 8 activate a GENERATOR now 9 end routine INITIALIZE 1 routine INITIALIZE GRAPHICS 2 Define DEVICE ID and TITLE as pointer variables 3 vet timescale v 1000 clock ticks 1 100 sec per unit 4 Let timesync v CLOCK UPDATE 5 Display CLOCKTIME with clock grf 6 create a SHAPE called TITLE 7 display TITLE with title at 15000 0 21000 0 8 Display N Q TELLER 1 with queue grf 59 YWHDOBWNE OB WNER OANADUIBWNE Display histogram WAITING TIM E GRAPHICS end INITIA routine CLOC Define TIME ry E br et NEWTIME End CLOCK et CLOCKTIME process GENE until time v do activate a C wait exponential f M loop end GENERATOR process CUSTOM define ARRIVAL let ARRI
167. rieisesiierssssesscirressresiisdeessst 100 7 1 2 Properties of a Palette Button s snesessssessesessseessessrssresseeseesresseesesrrsseessesess 101 7 1 3 Specifying a Button Face Image ns sessssesessssessesssseesseesesresseesseserssressesess 102 PEN Ae Palette Separators enn r donee a a a e Maas ees ety 102 7 2 Showing the Palette in your Program essessesesccsssscsccssescssossesocscesesoceo 102 7 3 Writing Code for a Palette oesoesesoosoesoseossssosscesesossossesocssesossossesossssseseeso 102 7 3 1 Writing a Control Routine for a Palette 0 0 eee cceceeseeceeceteeeeeeeeeeeeseees 103 7 3 2 Writing a Process for an Asynchronous Palette ccccceesceeeeereeeteeeeeeees 104 7 3 3 Handling Toggle Palette Buttons sce ini nctawiasedielinmain nceueeliasaees 105 7 3 4 Handling Drag and Drop Palette Buttons 00 cc eeeccceeseceteceseceeeeeeeeesseenes 105 WYN OWS ssacesslpredeseucinletectuevescusbcdaseesatlencesihadeshvaxsi cushedesbepshdasousuecesselentecousbedessesseaen 109 8 1 Setting and Getting the Attributes and Events of a Window 111 8 1 1 Window Attributes or Fields tesoceSetr chet Gace alien ale ath actin 111 8 2 Window Events isseire asee ore resessie cousneupesbencadseceesouicuenes 112 8 3 Scrollable WiNdOWS rsssisssesscssssecssssssossessroroseientstioisenossisseessa sirosis osisssa 114 8 4 Status BARS s ccenect css ceeds ietectnnctetbanasecetcatanscessacatncensetelesunseecsssdeuece
168. riority of a segment If segments overlap the segment with the higher priority overwrites the segment with lower priority For segments of the same priority the drawing order is undefined Deleting a segment automatically redraws all segments with bounding boxes intersecting the bounding box of the deleted segment but not segments with priority zero Draws all un segmented primitives Routine GVISIBLE R SEG ID VISIBLE Arguments SEG ID VISIBLE Purpose Integer A segment ID value as returned by OPEN SEG R Integer 0 Set invisible status 1 Set visible status Make a segment visible or invisible Routine HANDLE EVENTS R WAIT FOR EVENT Arguments WAIT FOR EVENT Purpose Notes Integer 0 Return immediately after processing all immediate events 1 Wait for a mouse or other event to occur Call the event handler Handles toolkit events such as window resizing and mouse interaction Necessary for tight loop constructs occupying a large amount of time 125 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Routine LINEAR R DSPLYENT Arguments DSPLYENT Purpose Notes Routine LINECOLOR Arguments COLOR INDEX Purpose Notes Routine LINESTYLE Arguments STYLE Purpose Notes Routine LINEWIDTH Arguments WIDTH Purpose Notes 126 Pointer toa DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity Manage one object with linear motion The values of LOCATION A present location and CLOCK A ti
169. roll bar thumb range 0 0 1 0 HTHUMBPOS DDVAL A RW Current position of the horizontal scroll bar from left edge range 0 HTHUMBSIZE VTHUMBPOS DDVAL A RW Current position of the vertical scroll bar from top edge range 0 VTHUMBSIZE PANEWIDTH DDVAL A RW Array of integers describing width in characters of each pane of the status bar STATUSTEXT DARY A RW Array of text values shown in each status bar pane XCLICK DDVAL A R X location of last mouse click in NDC units YCLICK DDVAL A R Y location of last mouse click in NDC units XMOVE DDVAL A R Current X location of mouse in NDC units YMOVE DDVAL A R Current Y location of mouse in NDC units BUTTONDOWN DDVAL A R If nonzero the mouse button is currently being held down BUTTON DDVAL A R Identifies which of the mouse buttons was last pressed DOUBLECLICK DDVAL A R If nonzero the last click was a double click 8 2 Window Events 112 Windows Whenever the user resized moves scrolls or closes a window the program will sometimes need to take some sort of action For example if the user moves a scroll bar you may want to pan the contents of the window SIMSCRIPT will generate asynchronous callbacks as a result of any action performed on the window eliminating the need to continuously poll the window fields for changes A control routine can be defined by the programmer to handle these events Window control routines work the same way as dia
170. rrow key is used to move to activate a new cell The table can automatically add a new row of cells at the bottom when the user attempts to move below the last row Use SIMSCRIPT Studio to specify the following properties 74 Dialog Boxes Viewed Width The total width in font units of the table including row headers and scroll bar Viewed Height The total height in font units of the table including column headers and scroll bar Number Columns Number of columns of cells not including headers Number Rows Number of rows of cells not including headers Column Headers If checked the table will contain a separate row of column headers at the top of the cells Row Headers If checked the table will contain a separate column of row headers to the left of the cells Automatic Grow The table will automatically add a row if the user attempts to move past the last row with the down arrow key The attributes of all columns in the table are shown within a separate Column Detail table invoked by clicking on the Columns button e Column 1 2 Width The number of characters shown in the cells of a particular column Select the cell in the column corresponding to the one you want to change and type in a new width e Column 1 2 Alignment Text in a table cell can be justified to the left or right or can be centered Within the Column Detail table I Left justified c Centered and
171. s a different facet of SIMSCRIPT graphics Chapter 2 describes icons in detail how to create them in SIMSCRIPT Studio and how to use them in the program Chapter 3 outlines the use of segments and display routines to create graphics by program code only Chapter 4 explains how to make use of SIMSCRIPT s built in chart graph and monitoring support In Chapter 6 we move away from the canvas drawn graphics and toward user interface support by describing the use of dialog boxes Components such as buttons text and value boxes list boxes and tables are studied along with their interaction with both the code and the user Chapter 7 is devoted to menu bars with emphasis on how to create and use them in your program Chapter 8 explains the use of palettes and toolbars Chapter 9 includes topics related to windows For example how to create multiple windows use scrollbars to implement a pan and zoom show a status bar and write code to receive notification of mouse scrollbar and window manipulation events caused by user interaction gi SIMSCRIPT II 5 Simulation Studio calship File Edit Project Options Window Help ols ol melee 2 ela 3 executable IR graphics sg2 coastin icn process SHIP i i define SHIP ICONM S Se freighter icn define PORT LASi ehad __ help frm 3 EE Dialog init frm i Itug icn Itugp icn pactitle icn Number of tankers pedro icn pedro_sav icn Length of simulation in days
172. s a text variable Create a new dialog box and load it from template library Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog _box frm initialize the dialog box Let DTVAL A DFIELD F my label fieldl DIALOG PTR Hello World Let DDVAL A DFIELD F my label field2 DIALOG PTR Truncated Text Let DDVAL A DFIELD F my label field3 DIALOG PTR 33 333333 Display the dialog box and wait for terminating button click et FIELD NAME ACCEPT F DIALOG PTR 0 End 5 6 5 List Box A list box is used to accept input from a sequential list of text items The list may vary in length and may contain scrollbars You can define the list to accept only single item selections or accept multiple item selections using the Shift and or Ctrl keys A list box has the following properties Width The width in font units of the list including scroll bars Height The height in font units of the list Allow Multiple Selections Allows the user to select several items in the list using the Shift and Ctrl keys In your program use the DARY A attribute to set the array containing the list of text values and the DDVAL A attribute to set the index of the initially selected item The control routine is called when a selection is made The program can then examine the DDVAL A attribute to get the index of the newly selected item DTVAL A will contain the text of the selected item
173. s cosine sas e a ase a a ent aad assertion 69 56 5 List BOW cis n sede isis i A A E E E E 70 5 6 0 M lti line Text BOR sisianupirnort ie a T a e a T2 AA A OE B E E EAE E E E E E S T 73 S68 Radio BOX icy Bila Secces eee bes a aac a n soe is a a ceases a 73 56 9 Table nrden gaia et ecsd a ea e baton nactaend tentang eaaa a anaa a SEER 74 5 60 10 Text BOX en E E E E EEE S 77 SHOU Pee View EASE oases ates taay nne e decade e N atau ated aatcniectia da a aa 77 5 6 12 Value BOX nason a E a aioe RT ET AR ies taki ania Manas 80 5 7 Tabbed Dialogs svccacccecccesheiceccsscsicea cass cisincncds sac tsb escenicoacua cee iee onetamaaabneeiaeneceatees 81 5 8 Dialog box PrOPOMties ccsscssstsccsbssesaisusnusueuboussvesvensscvensonessbesetecencusuessoupoestaoced 82 5 8 1 Dialog positioning in SIMSCRIP Ts csscdics cnsresiecdeacsasciersoaetoWacsdeseesegdia tials 83 5 9 Predefined Dialog BOX S esesccscesesecsssscsscesesossossesocssssesooesesossossesecssesessossse 84 5 91 Simple Message BOX lnis aia aaa AE sda EAAS AAS 84 5 9 2 Custom Message BOX ccnn aea n EAER E N EO A S 84 519 3 File Browser Dialog neonin e e E E E E E 86 59 4 Font Browser Dialoga iriroisoaniieroietane ieee eta wade mapas a a sme i 86 MALAI I SET EA E E EEI E EEA 87 6 1 Constructing a Menu Bar in SIMSCRIPT Studio oeseeoesoesescossssossossee 87 6 1 1 Menu Bar Properties ssssnseeseeseessesseesresseesessresseesessresseestesersseessessesseessessessees 88 6 1 2 Menu Properti
174. s to display graphics without a window one is created automatically To create a window by program code call OPENWINDOW R before displaying any graphics The parameters XLO XHI YLO and YHI specify the size and position of the window with respect to the computer screen These coordinates are integers the range 0 32767 The point 0 0 defines the lower left corner of the screen and 32767 32767 is located in the upper right corner Window size and position specifications include title bar border and menu bar a window whose YHI is 16383 will NOT overlap a window whose YLO is 16383 The TITLE parameter is of mode TEXT and specifies the window title The MAPPING MODE parameter defines how the window contents will appear inside the visible portion of the window Assume the world coordinate system defined by the SETWORLD R routine is WORLD XLO WORLD XHI WORLD YLO WORLD YHI The following modes are available MAPPING MODE 0 Contents mapped to largest centered square within window MAPPING MODE 1 WORLD XLO is mapped to the left border of the window WORLD YLO is mapped to the bottom border and WORLD XHI is mapped to the right border The top portion of the world coordinate space may not be visible depending on window size This mode is useful when the background you want to display is significantly wider than it is tall MAPPING MODE 2 WORLD XLO is mapped to the left border of window WORLD YLO is mapped to bottom border and
175. sed to preserve the original value of TIME V in case this same code is used in a simulation 53 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Preamble define YPLOT as a double variable display variables include YPLOT end main define SAVTIME as a double variable let SAVTIME TIME V show YPLOT with graph6 grf for TIME V 1 0 to 100 0 do let YPLOT 100 0 TIME V loop let TIME V SAVTIME read as end Example 4 7 Drawing a X Y scatter plot In this example a circle of data points is drawn in a graph 1 Create the histogram chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio by right clicking on graphics sg2 and selecting new From the dialog box choose 2D Chart from the list set the name to graph7 grf then click Create 2 From the graph editor window double click on the chart From the Chart Properties dialog check the Time Trace Plot box 3 Click on the item in the Datasets list box and push the Edit button From the Dataset Properties dialog box under Representation select Continuous Surface Clear the Fill and Line check boxes and set the Mark and Interpolate boxes Set the Mark Style to Square gt Preamble define YPLOT as a double variable display variables include YPLOT end main define THETA as a integer variable show YPLOT with graph7 grf for THETA 0 to 360 by 10 do let TIME V 40 COS F 2 0 THETA PI
176. ss POINTS Real 2 dim array reserved as 2 by N where N gt COUNT Values are in real world coordinates POINTS 1 are the x coordinates POINTS 2 are the corresponding y coordinates Purpose Draw a line or a polygon Notes A filled area polygon is drawn connecting the indicated points The area is drawn in the current fill color index and style specified through routines FILLCOLOR R FILLINDEX R and FILLSTYLE R The first and last points are automatically connected to close the filled area Routine FILLCOLOR R COLOR INDEX Arguments COLOR INDEX Integer Color index number May have values from 0 to 255 Purpose Set color of subsequent fill areas Notes Assign index values using the GCOLOR R routine Routine FILLINDEX R INDEX Arguments INDEX Integer Identifies a style of fill hatch 122 Purpose Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics 1 narrow diagonals 2 medium diagonals 3 wide diagonals 4 narrow crosshatch 5 medium crosshatch 6 wide crosshatch Set style of subsequent fill hatch areas Routine FILLSTYLE R STYLE Arguments STYLE Purpose Integer Identifies a style of fill 0 Hollow area 1 Solid color 2 Pattern appearance is device dependent 3 Use hatch fill Pattern is set by FILLINDEX R Set style of subsequent fill areas Routine FONTBOX R TITLE yielding FAMILY NAME POINT SIZE BOLDFACE Arguments TITLE FAMILY
177. ss edit its properties in SIMSCRIPT Studio Un check modal interaction then set the Don t wait radio button in the Action taken by ACCEPT F radio box 5 6 8 Radio Box The radio box accepts input from a fixed list of mutually exclusive toggle buttons From SIMSCRIPT Studio the properties dialog allows you to add and remove radio buttons from the radio box To add a button enter its label and field name in the Radio Buttons area of the Properties dialog and then press the Add button To remove a button select its label in the list box and then press the Remove button To change the attributes of a button select its label in the list box modify its label and field name and then press the Update button Each individual radio button in the box has its own field name and can therefore be accessed by your program Provide the field name to DFIELD F then use the DDVAL A attribute to turn the button on DDVAL A 1 or off DDVAL A 0 The control routine is called whenever the user clicks on a radio button Here is an example of how to set and get the values of radio button fields Example 5 8 Using a radio box 173 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Main Display dialog with radio buttons To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO Create a dialog named my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 Click on the radio box tool button on the right palette Position the radio button by dragging it with mouse Double click on the button to dis
178. sssesssocssoossoosssoesssesssoessoosssosssosssoee 38 4 1 Using SIMSCRIPT Studio to Create and Edit a Graph cece 38 4 1 1Changing Size and Position of a Graph cceeeecceeceeseceteceeeeeeeeeeseeesaeenseensees 39 4 12 Zoom In ANN CUE irre aac ah E a vats nance tata taca ede nada wees 40 4 1 3 Changing Color Font Fill and Line Styles cscscsccessoneessssnceesssensesenss 40 4 1 4 Changing Data Related Properties cccecccesscessceesseceeceeeeeeeeeeseecsaeenteensees 40 4 2 Displaying Single Variables in a Meter cssscsssssscssccscsssccssscsesseeees 40 4 2 1 Creating a Meter in SIMSCRIPT Studio eee cccecseceteceeeeeeeeeeeeesseenteeeees 41 4 2 2 Monitoring a Single Variable in your Program sssessseseesesseseesessesessesersesse 42 AD O9 iT T e AEE A E EE E E E E AE 43 4 3 1 Editing a Chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio cece ecceesseceteceeeeeeeeeeeeesaeenteesees 43 4 3 2 Chart Properties Dialog BOX vias sseistsvisacctaissmsdiaisctsaitens atuinad esvligenadiioces 43 4 3 3 X Y Y2 Axis Detail Dialog BOX cs cccatsvecscsessnseduassacs auonsectetataercraguateadassecdssanens 45 4 3 4 Attributes OF a Data Setaiscnenideduiien n a e a S 45 AA HISTO CAINS nenii e area e a aoea anae setaa ns aeara rosae Oee aa E ia aS 47 4 5 Time Trace PI OES cenere ninatoa rE s 51 AG Simple XY PLOTS vscsndssiscvecccecerscapsnsnccune sonedesknieeneens dacnonnsvevencenvetenipsnedsenbenserwanieened 52 Ail GIOCKS EEO E EEE 53 4 7 1 Edit
179. sured counter clockwise from 3 00 position Field Width Digital display only Number of places allotted for the entire value including decimal point 42 Creating Presentation Graphics Precision Digital display only Number of places to the right of the decimal point If zero an integer value is shown Scale Factor Factor multiplied by value before being displayed in the dial Show Border A square background can be shown under the meter face and title 4 2 2 Monitoring a Single Variable in your Program In order to add graphical monitoring to a quantity in your program the quantity must be defined as a display variable Display variables are defined in the PREAMBLE using the following syntax DISPLAY VARIABLES INCLUDE variablel variable2 This declaration is made in addition to normal variable declarations In other words the variables used in this statement must be known to SIMSCRIPT at the time the declaration is made The graph to show a single value is created in SIMSCRIPT Studio see Chapter 4 1 Table 4 1 will show you of the graph types can be created to display the value At initialization time your program will have to load the graph s description file called graphics sg2 This is accomplished with the SIMSCRIPT SHOW or DISPLAY statement SHOW variable WITH graph name or DISPLAY namel name2 WITH graph_name Using the DISPLAY statement will load
180. t F icont icn icon2 icn icon3 icn Copy Stop Paste Delete icon4 icn S icon5 ien icon6 icn icon icn Bitmap Image Vector Image menubar frm Selected menubar frm Figure 6 1 Editing a menu bar in SIMSCRIPT Studio File EY view Simulation Help Cut Ctrl X Copy Ctrl C Paste Ctrl V Delete Vector Image Figure 6 2 The menu bar from Figure 6 1 displayed in a program You can double click on the menu bar menus or menu items shown in the edit window to display a properties dialog This allows you to specify among other things the text of the menu or item as well is its field name which is used in your program These dialog boxes contain the following 6 1 1 Menu Bar Properties e Library name The name of the object in the graphics sg2 library This name should be passed to the SIMSCRIPT SHOW statement Action taken by ACCEPT F You can also define how ACCEPT F will behave when displaying the form in your program ACCEPT F will behave according to one of three interaction modes 88 Menu Bars 1 Asynchronous If this interaction mode is used ACCEPT F will suspend the active process when called Whenever a status value of 1 is returned from the control routine this process will be resumed If there is no simulation running and hence no active process the Synchronous mode is used automatically 2 Synchronous Regardless
181. table contains column headings row 1 corresponds to the headings 75 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Table in SIMSCRIPT x BORT TORE Glamorco Am Heyworth Dish Corp 555 3739 rheyworth Lana Turner Big Screen Lmt 555 1287 _ Iturner bigs 4 Hedy Lamar Starr Tech 555 5834 hlamar stari 5 Doris Day Glamorous Mfg 555 4398 dday glamo 6 Susan Heyward Starr Tech 555 0923 sheward ste rer sano Table 5 3 Typical use of a SIMSCRIPT Table Example 5 9 Using a 2d table in a dialog box Main Display a dialog containing a table To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO Create a dialog called my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 Click on the table tool button on the right palette Position the table by dragging it with mouse Double click on the table to display properties Change Field name to my table field Change number of rows to 10 number of columns to 2 Check the show column headings box Click OK Build the project AANA UU RPWNE Define DIALOG PTR TABLE PTR as pointer variables Define TABLE VALUES as a 1 dim text array Define CELL ROW CELL COLUMN as integer variables Define NUM ROWS to mean 11 Define NUM COLUMNS to mean 2 Show DIALOG PTR with my dialog _box frm Let TABLE PTR DFIELD F my table field DIALOG PTR Reserve TABLE VALUES as NUM ROWS NUM COLUMNS label each cell in the table by its own row and column For CELL ROW 1 to NUM RO
182. th the mouse where det is an integer 1 selectable 0 not selectable CALL GHLIGHT R segid hi Where hi is an integer 0 off 1 highlight on Sets the highlighting status of a segment When highlighted the entire segment is drawn using color index number 15 3 3 Adding Primitives to a Segment or Display Routine After the call to OPEN SEG R or anywhere in a display routine your program can call routines to add the polygons polylines circles text to the segment Many of the routines below accept a set of some point values to define the shape of the primitive These points are specified in SIMSCRIPT as arrays of pairs of coordinate values that live in the Cartesian space whose dimensions are given through the SETWORLD R routine described in Chapter 2 The first subscript in a coordinate pair selects either x coordinates index 1 or y coordinates index 2 the second subscript determines a point The coordinate arrays are stored in REAL not DOUBLE mode For example to specify points at 40 100 and at 40 0 use the following statements LET SHAPE ARRAY 1 1 40 LET SHAPE ARRAY 2 1 100 LET SHAPE ARRAY 1 2 40 LET SHAPE ARRAY 2 2 0 3 4 Drawing Filled Areas The primitive operations in this section generate a closed polygon that may be hollow or filled with a solid color a hatch style or a pattern The graphic style routines for areas are called first and set the appearan
183. the following sets of response buttons OK button only OK and Cancel buttons Yes and No buttons Yes No and Cancel buttons Retry and Cancel buttons Abort Retry and Ignore buttons moa Any one of these buttons can be designated as the default button This button is activated when the user presses the lt return gt key Custom message dialogs are displayed using the SHOW statement and then the ACCEPT F routine like a conventional dialog Control routines are not used with message dialogs The text of the message can be set from SIMSCRIPT Studio or by your program The DARY A attribute of the dialog points to a text array containing the message The field name returned by ACCEPT F indicates which button was pressed Valid responses returned by ACCEPT F are OK CANCEL YES NO ABORT RETRY and IGNORE Note there is no display entity corresponding to these field names Do not use DFIELD F on a message dialog box The following example shows a typical interaction with a message dialog Example 5 13 Using the two varieties of message box Display a message box To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO 1 Right click on graphics sg2 then select new 2 From the Create dialog select Simple message box from the drop down list Click on the Create button 3 From the Message Box Properties dialog enter my message box frm as the Name 4 Check the radio buttons Question Yes No Cance
184. the graph from graphics sg2 and cause the graph to become visible immediately The SHOW statement will only load the graph The display or show must be called before the first assignment is made to the monitored variable Graphs may be erased by specifying their display variables in an ERASE statement ERASE namel Example 4 1 Show a single global variable changing over time Create the graph in SIMSCRIPT Studio by right clicking on graphics sg2 and selecting new From the dialog box choose Level Meter from the list and set the name to graphl grf Use the following source code Preamble Define K as a real variable 43 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Display variables include K End Main Display K with graphl grf For K 0 0 to 100 0 by 0 01 Do Loop Read as End 4 3 Charts As far as SIMSCRIPT Studio is concerned Histograms dynamic and static time trace plots and X Y plots are shown using a single type of graph the 2 D Chart A chart can contain one or more datasets each representing some statistic compiled on a global variable in your program Each dataset can contain a fixed number of cells bar graph histogram surface chart representation or can collect a new data point each time the monitored value changes continuous representation A chart can have a second Y axis usually on the right You can therefore not only show more than one histogram or X Y plot on the same g
185. the list defines the order in which to transfer input focus from one control to the next when the user presses the Tab key Use the up and down arrow keys to shift the tab ordering of controls Action taken by ACCEPT F You can also define the modeless behavior of ACCEPT F when the Modal interaction flag is cleared Select one of the following radio buttons 1 Asynchronous If this interaction mode is used ACCEPT F will suspend the active process when called Whenever a status value of 1 is returned from the control routine or a terminating button is pushed this process is resumed If there is no simulation running and hence no active process the Synchronous interaction mode is used 2 Synchronous Regardless of the simulation ACCEPT F will not return until a status value of 1 is returned from the control routine or a terminating button is pushed 3 Don t wait ACCEPT F will not wait for any action by the user but will return immediately Subsequent action on the form will invoke the control routine 5 8 1 Dialog positioning in SIMSCRIPT The initial location of the dialog box can be set programmatically using the LOCATION A attribute of the form pointer As far as your program is concerned The lower left hand corner of the screen maps to coordinate 0 0 while the upper right hand corner maps to 32767 32767 Using the DDVAL A attribute of the dialog box pointer you can specify at runtime which corner of the d
186. the show statement precedes the first assignment to RANDVAR Assignments to display variable triggers data collection and the graph must be loaded from graphics sg2 at this time The display statement at the end of the program makes the chart visible Here are the steps to create this chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio 1 Create the histogram chart in SIMSCRIPT Studio by right clicking on graphics sg2 and selecting new From the dialog box choose 2D Chart from the list set the name to graph2 grf then click Create 2 From the graph editor window double click on the chart From the Chart Properties dialog you can set the title to something appropriate like Random plot Change the titles of X axis to Value and the Y axis title to Count by clicking on the X axis and Y axis buttons 3 Select the top item in the list of datasets then click on the Edit button From the Dataset property dialog make sure that under Representation the Histogram radio button is selected and the Fill box is checked Change the Legend to EXPONENTIAL F 4 Click on the OK button to dismiss the Chart Properties dialog box Preamble define RANDVAR as a double variable tally HISTO 0 to 10 by 1 as the histogram of RANDVAR end main define COUNT NSAMPLES as integer variables show HISTO with graph2 grf load from graphics file let NSAMPL
187. tine will be a pointer to the PALETTE form and the field id assigned in SIMSCRIPT Studio of the palette button that was clicked on by the user The format of this routine is as follows Routine PALETTE CTL given FIELD ID FORM yielding STATUS The routine should contain a select case statement which compares the FIELD ID to each known palette button field name and performs the appropriate action when a match is found The STATUS variable should be set to 0 if you want to continue displaying the palette If this variable is set to 1 the palette will be erased and the suspended process used to display the palette will be activated Here is an example of a typical control routine Routine PALETTE CTL given FIELD ID FORM yielding STATUS Define FORM as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable select case FIELD ID case SHOW STATISTICS call SHOW STATISTICS case RESET VALUES call RESET VALUES default endselect let STATUS 0 never return from accept f return Example 7 1 Simple palette with two buttons In this example a palette is displayed which contains two buttons that can be clicked on The field name of the selected button is printed to the screen The control routine is called first with the field name INITIALIZE and when a click outside the palette is detected it is called with the field name BACKGROUND o create in SI
188. tioned relative to this origin You must clear the Automatic recenter check box before you can change the values If you are designing a static background and want the objects to appear in your program exactly where they appear in the editor Set the center point to match the Xlow and Ylow attributes under the SETWORLD R parameters Automatic Recenter Usually if you are created an icon that is to be used as a dynamic graphic entity you will want to mark the geometric center point of an icon as its origin If this is the case make sure the Automatic recenter box is checked If your icon appears in the application program to be positioned incorrectly try enabling this option Allow icons to scale with world This check box defines how the icon is scaled when used in the application program If this option is checked the icon will automatically be scaled according to the world coordinate system defined by the application program If this option is not set the shape will stay the same size no matter what values are passed to SETWORLD R SIMSCRIPT Graphics Example3 Creating a two wheeled cart Begin by creating a new project and adding a new icon to it Right click on graphics sg2 select new Select Icon from the list type icon3 icn into the text box then click on Create a Turn on the grid by selecting the Edit Grid option Check Snap to Grid and Show grid in the
189. to a display entity SIMSCRIPT provides segments A segment is basically a grouped collection of one or more lines fill areas graphic text etc There are several routines that let you build manipulate and destroy segments If you want to use a dynamic or static display entity whose image is defined at execution time a display routine can be specified for the entity The display routine will be called whenever SIMSCRIPT needs to draw your icon The display related statements and attributes like VELOCITY A and LOCATION A that were explained in Chapter 2 will still work if the program is using a custom display routine 3 1 Color In SIMSCRIPT the color of any primitive can be specified using an integer value ranging from 0 to 255 This value is an index into a color table whose entries must be initialized programmatically The routine GCOLOR R defines a color index given the red green and blue components of the color color component values range from 0 to 1000 For example to define index 15 to be green let RED let GREEN let BLUE 0 call GCOLOR R 15 RED GREEN BLUE 0 1000 Color index number 0 refers to the background color of the window selected through VXFORM V see chapter 9 For example to set a window s background color to blue call GCOLOR R 0 0 0 1000 The first sixteen color values can be defined in a file called colors cfg This file will be
190. ts layout using the SIMSCRIPT Studio dialog box editor To create the dialog and add it to your project right click on the graphics library graphics sg2 in the project tree then select the New from the popup menu Select Dialog box from the list and click OK To edit an existing dialog box double click its name shown in the contents pane under graphics sg2 The dialog box editor window is designed to resemble the dialog box being edited The dialog box editor can be resized by dragging its right or bottom edges with the mouse Double clicking in the background of the window allows properties such as the title and library name to be specified The library name will be used by your program when it needs to create this dialog box As a convention dialog box names should end in frm The new dialog box will initially contain two buttons labeled OK and Cancel Add input fields to the dialog by clicking on one of the palette buttons attached to the right side of the Studio s main window A field can then be positioned by dragging it with the mouse The field that is currently selected is shown with a checkered border Click and drag any edge of the border to resize the field You can make multiple selections by holding down the shift key when you click on a field or dragging a box over a region containing fields to be selected To set the label or other attribute of the field double click on it to display its
191. tton will show the bitmap defined by the Icon Name field For Color Buttons the button will be colored using the values specified in the Red Green and Blue boxes Button Face Color Red Green Blue You can set the color of the Color Buttons using these value boxes Color is defined by the percentage of Red Green and Blue range 0 100 Browse resources To use a built in icon click on the Browse resources button A dialog will be shown which allows you to select from a picture list of all predefined images 101 SIMSCRIPT Graphics e Browse files Brings up a file browser dialog that will allow a JPEG file to be selected NOTE Always select a JPEG file in the same directory as your executable 7 1 3 Specifying a Button Face Image To specify the JPEG icon shown on the face of a button first make sure that the Icon Button radio button is selected From this point you have a choice of using one of the built in icons provided by SIMSCRIPT or you can specify the name of a jpeg file that will be shown on the face of your palette button If you wish to use an icon defined in a JPEG file it is recommended that you FIRST copy the file into the same directory as your executable and graphics sg2 file usually the executable sub directory under your current project directory These JPEG files must remain with the executable whenever your program is run Click on the Browse fil
192. ully The TITLE parameter is shown in the title bar of the dialog 5 9 4 Font Browser Dialog A predefined dialog box can be brought up programmatically allowing the user to select system font attributes from those available on the server This is done by calling FONTBOX R as follows Define TITLE FAMILY NAME as text variables Define POINT SIZE ITALIC DEGREE BOLDFACE DEGREE as integer variables Let TITLE Select a font Call FONTBOX R given TITLE yielding FAMILY NAME POINT SIZE ITALIC DEGREE BOLDFACE DEGREE The yielded arguments are identical to those described above for TEXTSYSFONT R see Chapter 3 FONTBOX R will not return until a font has been selected or cancel has been pressed In this case the result of FAMILY NAME will be 86 6 Menu Bars In a typical application the user interacts with a menu bar attached to the top of the window For most applications the entire range of functionality is accessible through the menu bar Given its widespread use most users expect to be able to control the program through the menu bar A menu bar is composed of several menus arranged in a row on a bar across the screen Clicking on one causes its menu pane to be displayed Clicking on an item inside a menu causes it to be selected Cascadeable menus are supported meaning that menus can contain other menus and so on
193. ur graphic entity Let DTIVAL A ICON A ICON PTR Hello There After setting this attribute remember to redisplay the icon to enable the user to see the changes Example 2 9 Dynamically label an icon For this example create a new icon named icon9 icn similar to the one created in Example 2 3 Add a text primitive to the icon by clicking on the top button in the icon editor s toolbar then selecting the text button After you have placed the text in the icon click on the Properties button Set the Definable using DTVAL A check box exit the dialog box and then save the icon The following code will increment a counter attached to the cart every second Preamble Processes include CART Dynamic graphic entities include CART End Process CART Let LOCATION A CART LOCATION F 0 0 0 0 et VELOCITY A CART VELOCITY F 2000 0 PI C 4 0 For I 1 to 9 do Let DTVAL A ICON A CART ITOT F I1 Display CART Work 1 unit Loop End Main Let TIMESCALE V 100 1 second per time unit Activate a CART now Show CART with icon3 icn Start Simulation End 2 13 Changing the Color of an Icon As your simulation is running it may be useful to change the color of a portion of an icon to for example indicate a state change From within the SIMSCRIPT Studio icon editor you can mark primitives in your icon as being definable by DCOLOR A Marked components wil
194. us interaction First the menu bar should be defined as Asynchronous From SIMSCRIPT Studio double click on the menu bar shown in the edit window to bring up the Menu Bar Properties dialog box described above Then click on the radio button labeled Asynchronous The next step is to add to your code a simple process in to show your menu bar The call to ACCEPT F should be made inside this process When ACCEPT F is called the process will be suspended therefore you should not try to use this same process to perform any other simulation related activities The process should look something like this Process MENU BAR Define MENUBAR PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD ID as a text variable Show MENUBAR PTR with menubar frm et FIELD ID ACCEPT F MENUBAR PTR MENUBAR RTN End Example 6 2 Menu bar displayed during a simulation In this example a menu bar can be used while a simulation is running Every second the process TEST will print a message While this is happening the user can select items in the menus without interrupting the simulation To create in SIMSCRIPT Studio 1 Right click on graphics sg2 select new from the popup menu mY F 2 Double click on the container shown in the Menu bar editor 3 Set library name to menubar2 frm Select the Asynchronous T tT tT radio button Click OK 4 Create the contents of the menu bar by following the steps
195. uusessccncustetesvacacesanbont 117 Routines and Globals for SIMSCRIPT Graphics scccssccssscecsssssescssseseees 119 FIGURES Figure 1 1 SIMSCRIPT Studio showing dialog box icon and source code editing 2 Figure 2 1 Icon editor in SIMSCRIPT Studio csccescssssssssesesessscsnssenceseseoscerssessensesetes 4 Figure 222 h Icon Tgl Dat eieuta as aan e A RT EEE EA E EE ARRE Aan 5 Figure 2 3 The Draw Tool Palette isc ssejcccsns eeicig ssgicteaiscaass eseateniaad austismeeaniaaeel aenanacene 6 Figure 2 4 Fill Line and Text Palettes ccc tesnecdseateeeateaiec ace sow tee tasimiaeogesatenardeg Sia etavanece 7 Fig re 2 5 Editne Ports aaa Pahl a alan TA a A al ne Maat sound 8 Figure 2 6 JPEG file imported into the Icon Editor ee eee eeceeseeseeeeeeeecesecneeeeeeneeeeees 12 Figure 2 7 The viewing transformation x 50iatssassetuapasatcansaisennasantuadssenetacsdaavampdstavncdabansenats 18 Figure 3 1 Graphics produced by Example 3 1 COde ceecceesceesseeeteceeeeeeeeeeeeenseeenaeees 30 Figure 3 2 Overlapping objects of different priority cceccceeceeseceteceeeeeeeeeeseeesaeees 32 Figure 3 3 Modeling transformations in action ceseecceseceseceseeeeeseeeeceseceseceeeneeeneess 37 Figure 4 1 The SIMSCRIPT Studio Graph Editor cece cesesseeseeeeeeeceeeceaeeneeeneeeneens 39 Figure 4 2 Meters in SIMS CRIB Tac aci cia vake brcucisy posser atotacvan tetas iatoieeter enn ea ee eras 4 Figure 4
196. value between TIME V and TIME PROPOSED The YIELDING parameter will be taken as the next simulated time When events or processes are scheduled or canceled by the 141 SIMSCRIPT Graphics user time exit routine the value returned for TIME COUNTERED must be less than TIME PROPOSED This causes a rescan of the time file preventing potential difficulties The user exit routine reached through the TIMESYNC V variable is called whenever the simulated clock is to be updated but before any animation is performed Left Monitoring Routine VELOCITY A DSPLYENT Arguments DSPLYENT Function input value Purpose Notes Function VELOCITY Arguments vV THETA Function value Purpose Notes Function VELOCITY Arguments DSPLYENT Function value 142 Pointer to a DYNAMIC GRAPHIC entity A pointer to a VELOCITY E entity This value indicates the velocity of the object in real world coordinate units per simulated time units Assigning a value of O to VELOCITY A causes the object s position updates to cease This stops the object from moving Except for the special value of 0 the value of VELOCITY A can only be set to the function value produced by VELOCITY F speed theta Associate a constant velocity with a dynamic graphic entity Set or change the velocity of a moving object Draw or redraw the object if necessary F V THETA Real Velocity in real wor
197. vide a more natural mechanism for panning across a scene too large to fit inside the boundaries of your window This is common after zooming into a rectangular section of your graphics area To create the scrollable window set the HSCROLLABLE and or VSCROLLABLE fields of the window pointer before displaying the window For example x Call OPENWINDOW R 4096 28672 0 32768 Scrollable Window 0 yielding WINDOW PTR Let DDVAL A DFIELD F HSCROLLABLE WINDOW PTR 1 Let DDVAL A DFIELD F VSCROLLABLE WINDOW PTR 1 Call SETWINDOW R WINDOW PTR mi EF You can set the width of the scroll bar thumb either before or after the window has been displayed The DDVAL A attribute of the HTHUMBSIZE and VTHUMBSIZE fields contains a real number between 0 0 and 1 0 Set this attribute to the percentage of the scroll bar area you wish the thumb to occupy The size of a scroll bar thumb should represent the ratio of viewable area to total area For example suppose the total area occupied by the graphics is defined by t xlo t xhi t ylo t yhi Suppose also that you only want the user to see a portion of this space and have therefore provided the smaller visible coordinate space to the 114 Windows SETWORLD R routine as w xlo w xhi w ylo w yhi In this case the thumb sizes should be as follows let DDVAL A DFIELD F HTHUMBSIZE WINDOW PTR w xhi w xlo t xhi
198. w Xhigh Ylow and Yhigh as you are passing to the SETWORLD R routine in your program 3 Set center point X and Y to match the Xlow and Ylow fields in the SETWORLD R Parameters 4 Check the Allow icon to scale with world box If these rules are followed you can use the coordinate position indicator in the status bar of the SIMSCRIPT Studio frame window to help you accurately position and size objects in the background This indicator lists the coordinate point that the mouse is currently hovering over Using the grid may also be helpful It is activated using the Edit Grid menu 2 10 Viewing Transformations SIMSCRIPT allows more advanced coordinate mapping called the viewing transformation Using these transformations a single window can show more than one coordinate system each occupying a separate region of the window Your program defines the size and position of these regions Before defining an individual viewing transformation the global VXFORM V must be set to a value between 1 and 15 and will be used identify the transformation The default transformation VXFORM V 0 represents the entire NDC space described above and cannot be changed Set VXFORM V to the id of the view you wish your icon to appear in before that icon is loaded using the show or display statement Icons that extend outside the boundaries of the coordinate system space are partially displayed clipped 17 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Once VXFORM
199. when DDVAL A 0 5 6 3 Combo Box A combo box is of a text box with a drop down list attached to it right side SIMSCRIPT Studio lets you set the following properties Label The text on the left hand side of the box identifying the box Width The width in font units of the text box plus the drop down button Height The number of visible items in the drop down list Editable Defines whether or not you can edit the text field Sorted Alphabetically Indicates whether or not to sort the items automatically Selectable using return The control routine is also invoked when the user presses the Return key DARY A contains a selectable list of alternatives for the text box Your program can also use DTVAL A to set the text in the box The control routine is called whenever the user selects an item from the list The routine can use the DTVAL A attribute to determine which item was selected Example 5 4 Use a combo box in a dialog Main Display a dialog with a value box To create in SIMSCRIPT STUDIO Create a new dialog called my dialog box frm see Example 5 1 Click on the combo box tool button on the right palette Position the combo box by dragging it with mouse Double click on the combo box to display properties Change Field name to my combo box field Click OK Build the project mro9 rr 3 trod mos 6 La Define DIALOG PTR as a pointer variable Define FIELD NAME as a text variable
200. will allow you to select a new JPEG file for the image The image file should be located in the same directory as graphics sg2 Browse Resources Allows you to select from the set of predefined raster images 24x24 and 32x32 images are available 11 SIMSCRIPT Graphics Hi SIMSCRIPT II 5 Simulation Studio doc File Edit Project Options Window Help aig ele H ee B bin Eicon icon6 icn E fs graphics sg2 icond icn icont icn icon2 icn icon3 icn icon4 icn an Selected image imported from JPEG file Selected icon6 icn 2807 12582 Zoom 1 Figure 2 6 JPEG file imported into the Icon Editor 2 3 14 Copying Icons From Other Projects Users who are maintaining more than one project may need to copy icons from project to project SIMSCRIPT Studio provides an import capability that you can access by right clicking on the graphics sg2 and selecting import from the popup menu From the Import dialog select another graphics sg2 file and click on the SG2 Import button A list will be displayed allowing you to select which icons you wish to copy into your project Click while holding down the Shift key to select multiple items 2 4 Declaring Icons as Entities The principal elementary objects in any SIMSCRIPT simulation program are processes and temporary entities SIMSCRIPT provides an easy way to associate icons with the entities in your model SIMSCRIPT supports both GRAPHIC
201. will be used in by the program code to gain access to the data associated with this button e Field Name Any button added to the palette can be accessed from inside an application by specifying a Field name The field name is passed to the callback routine whenever the button is clicked on e Icon Name The name of the JPEG file without extension icon displayed on the face of the palette button Pressing either the Browse resources or Browse files button to set the name e Status Message You can specify a Status Message that will appear at run time in the status bar at the bottom of the window whenever the user passes the mouse over the button e Tool Tip Specify text to be presented in a small popup window when the user stops the mouse over the button without clicking on it e Momentary Draggable Toggle Determines the variety of input interaction One of three button types can be selected 1 Momentary Button will automatically pop back up after it is pressed 2 Toggle Two state button The state up or down alternates with each activation The DDVAL A attribute of the button field pointer will be 1 if the button is down or 0 otherwise 3 Draggable Allows the user to hold the mouse button down and drag an outline of the palette button into the canvas portion of the adjacent window e Icon Button Color Button If the Icon Button item is activated the face of the palette bu
202. wing code we set the palette button with field name TOGGLE_ FIELD to be initially down Show PALETTE PTR with my palette frm Let DDVAL A DFIELD F TOGGLE FIELD PALETTE PTR 1 Your control routine is called after the user changes the state of the button Here the program code acquires the current state of the button by examining DDVAL A Let BUTTON DOWN DDVAL A DFIELD F TOGGLE FIELD PALETTE PTR 7 3 4 Handling Drag and Drop Palette Buttons Defining a palette button as being Dragable in SIMSCRIPT Studio allows the user to click down on the button then drag its outline to the canvas of the window When the mouse button is released the palette s control routine is called In some cases you will need to know the exact location in the window that the mouse was released To get this coordinate value set the global variable DINPUT V to a display entity pointer When the user releases the mouse the drop point can be retrieved through 105 SIMSCRIPT Graphics the LOCATION A attribute of DINPUT v The DIVAL A attribute of DINPUT V will contain the viewing transform number corresponding to that drop coordinate Example 7 3 Dragging items from a palette In this example a palette can be clicked on while a simulation is running Any one of three buttons on the palette can be dragged and dropped into the canvas of the window An icon representing th
203. x_field DIALOG PTR End 5 5 Enable and Disable fields In many cases you may want to activate and deactivate items in your dialog box in response to the user changing one of the fields This can be done inside your control routine The routine SET ACTIVATION R can be used to disable or enable a field The syntax is Call SET ACTIVATION R given FIELD PTR ACTIVATION STATUS ACTIVATION STATUS 1 means to enable 0 means disable For example suppose you want to deactivate the field value_box_field when user clicks on my_check_box_field The control routine should now contain the code Select case FIELD NAME When my check box field Call SET ACTIVATION R DFIBLD F my value box field DIALOG PTR DDVAL A DFIELD F my check box field DIALOG PTR let DDVAL A DFIELD F my value _box field DIALOG PTR T 123 4 It is also possible to hide and show fields using the SIMSCRIPT display and erase statements i e Erase DFIELD F my_value_box_field DIALOG PTR Display DFIELD F my value box field DIALOG PTR 5 6 Dialog Boxes Field Types 66 Dialog Boxes SIMSCRIPT allows you to use a variety of fields in you dialog boxes Fields are added using SIMSCRIPT Studio Refer to Figure 5 1 to see which button to click on to add a particular field Figure 5 2 below shows an example of a dialog box containing all types of fields Fields i
204. y routine SIMSCRIPT will automatically create a new segment whose identifier is stored in the global SEGID v From inside the display routine call drawing routines like POLYLINE R FILLAREA R and WGTEXT R Example 3 3 Using an icon whose shape changes over time In the following case we show how the use of a display routine can enable your program to draw an icon In this example the icon editor is not used all drawing is done entirely within the program code Here the display routine draws a triangle using the ORIENTATION A attribute to compute the location of one of its vertices Note that the TRIANGLE process draws the icon using the DISPLAY statement knowing that SIMSCRIPT will automatically call the display routine specified in main to render the icon Preamble Processes Every TRIANGLE has an ATTR Define ATTR as a real variable Graphic entities include TRIANGLE End 32 Segments Process TRIANGL m Define I as an integer variable Let DRTN A TRIANGLE V TRIANGLE a set display routine For I 1 to 36 5 do Let ATTR TRIANGLE I 10 pi c 180 0 Display TRIANGLE Work 0 1 units Loop End Display Routine TRIANGLE given TRIANGLE Define TRIANGLE as a pointer variable Define PTS as a 2 dim real array Reserve PTS as 2 by 3 3 points Let PTS 1 1 10000 0 Let PTS 2 1 16383 0 Let PTS 1 2 22767 0 Let P
205. y that the name of the icon is correct and that the Automatic Recenter box is checked Use the File Save menu to save the icon 2 3 13 Using JPEG Images in Your Icon In certain cases you may want to use an image in your icon that was creating from a different source For example you may already have a highly detailed background image that you wish to show in your program Bitmap or raster file image allow arbitrary detail in the picture and very fast drawing speed in your application SIMSCRIPT Studio allows you to import JPEG raster file images into your icon In addition SIMSCRIPT provides some predefined raster images that can also be added to your icon Before importing JPEG files into the icon editor it is recommended that you first copy these files into the same directory as your graphics sg2 file Use the Edit Insert JPEG menu to display the Import dialog Click on the Browse Files button to select a JPEG file name You can also select one of the built in raster images by clicking on the Browse Resources button The resulting dialog will show samples of all of the 10 Icons predefined images that can be added to your icon Click on OK once you have either chosen a file or predefined image The JPEG image can be moved and resized the same as any other rectangular shape To specify options for JPEG images double click on the image in the icon editor The following options are

SIMSCRIPT Graphics User`s Manual

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