STAPullout - Stewart Technology Associates
Contents
1. February 1999 PAGE 11 STA Help 21x OK The graph below shows the result of your selection in terms of allowable dynamic J print load double amplitude in specified storm without causing soil strength loss Max Cyclic Load Cap wio Soil Strength Loss 250 200 kips double amp cyclic load 1E 00 1E 02 1E 04 1E 06 1E 08 1E 10 Number of Loading Cycles low plast amp med dens O highly plastic clays W design point FIGURE 6 Layered Soils Up to three soil the user in STA PULLOUT can specify layers which may be mixed cohesive and cohesionless layers In each layer the above equations are implemented for each elemental length of the pile Overburden pressure is calculated for buried cohesionless layers C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 12 8 0 RESULTS The pullout resistance results are shown in the bottom left hand corner of Figure 2 A larger view is shown in Figures 7 and 8 2370 Capacity in cohesionless soil kips cohesionless soil selected 11 85 Static short term safety factor FIGURE 7 479 Short term ultimate capacity kips 479 Long term ultimate capacity kips 2 39 Static short term safety factor 2 39 Static long term safety factor FIGURE 8 Results in Figure 7 are for a cohesionless soil Results i2. Fluke area sqft This is the actual area of the plate and does not have to be equal to the length times the width as the plate does not have to be rectangular Burial Depth ft The depth beneath the seabed where the plate is located If a keying operation is to take place as with a driven plate anchor this should be the depth after keying Storm duration hours If dynamic information on plate behavior is required this is the duration of a design storm Av wave period sec If dynamic information on plate behavior is required this is average period of the waves in the design storm and can be set equal to the average zero crossing period Strength reduction factor This term is used to multiply the undisturbed undrained shear strength of each layer A reduction factor of 0 5 means that the actual undrained strength of the soil used in resistance and pullout calculations will be 50 of that input by the User A reduction factor of 0 75 means that the actual undrained shear strength of the soil will be 75 of that specified by the User C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 Appendix 1 PAGE 4 Av static uplift load kips This is the design load required by the user If dynamic loads are also considered this should be the average load normally equal to the static component only Dynamic load double amp kips
3. If dynamic loading is considered this should generally be equal to the significant load in astorm More conservatively it can be set equal to the maximum anticipated load 1 cohesionless 2 cohesive This is a switch that must be set by the user If all layers are cohesionless select 1 Otherwise select 2 and use the long term pullout resistance results if the plate is ina cohesionless layer 1 normal 2 delta mud This is a switch that must be set by the user The switch function is explained below STA Help HEI This term is a selection switch for very soft underconsolidated sediments such as delta muds where the shear failure may be different than with normally consolidated sediments Select 1 for normal soils or 2 for delta muds When delta mud is selected the soil cohesion drained conditions is reduced to 2 3 of the drained value set by the user and the drained Friction value is set to phi_drained_delta_mud arctan 2 3 tan phi_drained The values used are reported in the results C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc
4. ON 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 4 STAPULLOUT ICO Icon for STA PULLOUT The icon is displayed by Windows Double click on the icon to start STA PULLOUT after program is installed STAPULLOUT XLS _ This is the main file displayed to the user by Excel All the data input is specified in this file All principle results are contained in this file Other files may be present on your diskette and the names of some of the above files may be changed slightly on some diskettes The STA PULLOUT icon is shown to the right C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 5 4 0 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS AND PRINTING STA PULLOUT requires an IBM PC with Microsoft Excel 67 or later running under Microsoft Windows 95 or later environment Program output has been customized such that it prints all principal input and output on one page as shown in Figure 2 on the following page For best quality print it is recommended that a color ink jet printer be used with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi Significantly better quality will be obtained with a dot resolution of 400 dpi or above True Type fonts have been used throughout the worksheet Almost all the fonts are Arial Many of the fonts are Arial Narrow If you do not have these fonts on your machine the program will select the nearest font style It is recommended that you obtain t
5. STA PULLOUT ANCHOR PLATE PULLOUT RESISTANCE Version 1 1 January 1999 USER MANUAL STA PULLOUT is a computer program for the design and analysis of plate anchors The program does not consider how the plate may have been embedded The pulling line attachment is assumed to be arranged such that the line pull is perpendicular to the plate and the pulling force is directly above the plate center of area STA PULLOUT permits the user to specify up to three different soil layers each of which may have varying strength properties The layers may be a mixture of cohesive and cohesionless soils Primary results from the program provide the ultimate capacity of plate anchors for vertical pullout resistance The program provides factors of safety against failure for short term and long term loading Resistance to dynamic loading is also accounted for This program has been developed by Stewart Technology Associates STA All copyright for the software and documentation remains with STA Users of the program are cautioned to exercise experienced and careful engineering judgment when interpreting the results from STA PULLOUT This is especially important with this program since results can be obtained in seconds on a modern PC This rapid speed and ease of use does not alter the care and attention needed from the user associated with selecting the appropriate geotechnical and loading conditions The program runs in the environment of Microsoft Windows
6. acy and proper functioning nevertheless the OWNER cannot guarantee its accuracy and correctness If the PROGRAM fails to perform correctly as a result of errors or omissions by the OWNER or its staff the OWNER will at its discretion rectify those errors and omissions free of all charges to the USER This shall be the limit of the OWNER s liability in this respect The OWNER warrants that it has the right to grant this license The PROGRAM and its documentation are sold as is and the USER assumes the entire risk as to quality and performance 6 The cost for this PROGRAM is xxx including a single user manual The PROGRAM may be used on a network 7 Support services from Stewart Technology Associates for the use of the PROGRAM are included in the purchase price of the original copy of the PROGRAM These support services are for a total period of xxx hours total consultancy time If additional services are required beyond the xxx hours noted above such services will be charged at the rate of xxx per hour 8 The OWNER shall not be liable to the USER or any other party for any design performance or other fault or inadequacy of the PROGRAM or its manual or for any direct or implied damages of any kind arising out of or in any way related to or connected with any use of the PROGRAM C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT User Manual l January 29 1999 l Page
7. age for the program entitled Soil Shear Strength Profile Z3 thickness of lowest soil layer ft This is the thickness of the lowest soil layer in the analysis Units are feet Note that if the plate is defined as being embedded to a depth within the sea bed beneath the bottom of this lowest soil layer the properties for the soil at the bottom of the layer will be extended to the plate location Phi1 1st layer friction angle deg This is the friction angle to be used in the analysis for cohesionless soil in the first layer Units are degrees If the first soil layer is cohesive Phi1 should be specified as zero The program will issue a warning if both cohesive and cohesionless properties are specified for any soil layer Phi2 2nd layer friction angle deg This is the friction angle to be used in the analysis for the second soil layer Comments as for Phil apply Phi3 3rd layer friction angle deg This is the third layer friction angle Comments as for Phi1 apply cul undrained sh strength top 1st layer psf This is the UNDISTURBED undrained shear strength for the soil at the top of the first layer in other words at the seabed Units are in pounds force per square foot cu2 undrained sh strength bottom 1st layer psf This is the UNDISTURBED undrained shear strength for the soil at the bottom of the first layer in other words at the seabed Units are in pounds force per square foot The undrained shear strength is con
8. and Microsoft Excel A mouse is used to click on option buttons in order to move rapidly through the analysis A large number of Help screens are provided No experience of Excel is required to use STA PULLOUT No part of this document should be taken in isolation or out of context and interpreted in a manner inconsistent with the overall framework and intent of this document STEWART TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATES 5619 Val Verde Houston Texas 77057 Tel 713 789 8341 Fax 713 789 0314 e mail info stewart usa com 10 29 98 C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT User Manual l January 29 1999 l Page ii l EXTRACTS FROM LICENSE AGREEMENT 1 This License is granted to the USER for an indefinite period The USER agrees that no individual outside consultant government organization or any person who is not on permanent staff with the USER or under direct in house control of USER shall have access to the PROGRAM or shall use the PROGRAM for any purpose at any time The use of the PROGRAM is not limited to a single machine and the USER may make copies of PROGRAM and run it on several machines simultaneously The USER agrees to make any reasonable effort to assure that the PROGRAM file or disk is not copied without authorization by OWNER and that all users in USER s organization are familiar with these Limitations of Use The USER agrees not to modify copy sell le
9. ase rent give free of charge or otherwise distribute or alter the PROGRAM or any part thereof to any individual government agency or organization outside of the USER organization 2 All copyrights to the PROGRAM are reserved by OWNER All versions of the PROGRAM are copyrighted by OWNER worldwide beginning with 1991 The following is a trademark of OWNER STA PULLOUT The USER shall clearly and distinctly indicate the copyright in all published and public references to the PROGRAM The USER will abide by the Copyright Law of the United States with the exception that the USER can make as many copies of the PROGRAM as deemed necessary by the USER and may run the PROGRAM simultaneously on as many computers as deemed necessary by the USER 5 The USER will not prepare derivative works based on the PROGRAM provided under this agreement without acknowledging Stewart Technology Associates STA as the original authors of the PROGRAM The USER will provide copies of any derivative works to STA within one month of the USER completing any such derivative works 4 The OWNER will attempt to diagnose any problems associated with a defective diskette or a fault found in the program If a fault is thought to exist by the USER within the PROGRAM the OWNER will attempt to rectify the problem upon receipt of a full written explanation of the fault from the USER 5 While the OWNER has carefully developed the PROGRAM and the PROGRAM has been tested for accur
10. ce to dynamic loading is also accounted for C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 2 2 0 FAILURE MECHANISM Two general failure mechanisms are assumed by the program shallow failure and deep failure These failure mechanisms are illustrated in Figure 1 below STA PULLOUT BASIC ASSUMPTIONS see also NCEL Geotechnical Handbook The diagram below shows the basic Failure mechanisms considered in STA PULLOUT Shallow and deep Failure mechanisms are possible For 2 B values from 2 to 5 in cohesive soil and From 2 to 10 in cohesionless soil the anchor is in a transition region for Failure The program interpolates automatically between Failure mechanisms FIGURE 1 When computing plate pullout resistance STA PULLOUT adjusts the bearing capacity factors accounting for plate geometry plate burial depth and soil properties C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 3 3 0 PROGRAM INSTALLATION 3 1 Introduction STA PULLOUT is a computer program for the design and analysis of pile anchors The latest release of the program Version 1 5 October 1998 runs in the environment of Microsoft Excel 97 or later under Windows 95 NT4 or later The program is distributed as a series of Excel workbook with mac
11. he Arial Narrow font if it is not currently available on your system You may elect to print any of the output in color for example on a HP Deskjet printer If a color printer is used you may have to disable certain third party fontware such as Adobe Type Manager in order to get color text and numbers to print However once your printer is set up to print any other spreadsheets from Excel you should have no problem in printing output from STA PULLOUT You may have a higher resolution screen driver than VGA which is the minimum required for STA PULLOUT in use on your system This will be advantageous in that it allows you to see more of the main worksheet than you can see with a VGA driver Most of the examples in this manual show screens with an 800 x 600 screen driver C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 6 v 1 0 May 1993 z 2 8 99 9 11 Copyright Stewart Technology Associates 1993 For support telephone 713 665 7294 or fax 713 665 1424 Permeability amp Plasticity for Cyclic Loading Print this screen SOIL PROPERTIES Z1 thickness of upper soil layer ft Z2 thickness of middle soil layer ft Z3 thickness of lowest soil layer ft cul undrained sh strength top 1st layer psf cu2 undrained sh strength bottom 1st layer psf cu undrained sh strength top 2nd laye
12. iii l CONTENTS LIST Subject Page E INTRODUCTION ee 1 SCH FAILURE MECHANISM eseu 2 3 0 PROGRAM INSTALLATION sinccesticnttantacnedente catdeadedaedcubicetdaatadeedeaticuelendedaee cntameneste 3 4 0 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS AND PRINTING 5 5 0 RUNNING THE PROGRAM sss nansnnnesnnnernanennnnrnnnrnnettnnetnnnertnnetnnnrtnneennneennne ennnen 7 SE GETTING HE A eege 8 7 0 BASIC ANALYSIS ASSUMP TIONS eege 10 TR EE 12 Eer 13 APPENDIX Tegosa E DEFINITION OF INPUT DATA C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 1 1 0 INTRODUCTION STA PULLOUT is a computer program for the design and analysis of plate anchors The program does not consider how the plate may have been embedded The original application was developed for marine plate anchors embedded in the seabed and loaded vertically STA PULLOUT can be used to estimate the maximum force needed to recover a drag embedment anchor The program has also been used to solve onshore problems STA PULLOUT permits the user to specify up to three different soil layers each of which may have varying strength properties The layers may be a mixture of cohesive and cohesionless soils Primary results from the program provide the ultimate capacity of plate anchors for vertical pullout resistance The program provides factors of safety against failure for short term and long term loading Resistan
13. ing once on the button assumptions STA PULLOUT uses the geotechnical formulae and nomenclature of the NCEL Geotechnical Handbook The user should have the Handbook at the ready when using the program especially if the dynamic soil properties are of interest 7 1 Permeability and Plasticity for Cyclic Loading In accordance with the procedures in the NCEL Geotechnical Handbook the user can select a soil characterization from the dialog box shown in Figure 5 This box appears when the button Permeability and Plasticity for Cyclic Loading is clicked SELECT SOIL PERMEABILITY AND PLASTICITY Group C uniform coarse sand 1 x 10 2 uniform medium sand 3 x 10 3 very high plasticity clay PI gt 200 3 x 10 11 C well graded clean sand 3 x 10 4 uniform fine sand 1 x 10 4 C well graded silty dirty sand 1 x 10 5 C uniform silt 2 x 10 6 silty clay 3 x 10 8 low plasticity clay kaolinite PI lt 20 3 x 10 8 medium placticity clay illite PI 20 60 3 x 10 9 high plasticity clay PI 60 200 3 x 10 10 C very high plasticity clay PI gt 200 FIGURE 5 After selecting one of the soil types click OK and the program will display the dialog box shown in Figure 6 indicating the maximum soil cyclic load capacity without causing soil loss of strength C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1
14. ion 4 0 you will be able to click on the STAPULLOUT icon to start Excel and STA PULLOUT The main spreadsheet STAPULLOUT XLS will load You may need to maximize the spreadsheet Do this by clicking once on the middle symbol in the upper right hand corner of the spreadsheet as shown _ al in the figure on the right Keesen The spreadsheet will always contain values in every editable cell It is recommended that following an analysis with the program you save the spreadsheet before closing down the application You may also want to set Excel calculations to automatic You do this through the Tools Options menus C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 8 6 0 GETTING HELP In Figure 2 two of the buttons are labeled Explain Highlight any data entry or results cell by clicking on it once and then click once on any Explain button A dialog box will be flashed up onto the screen containing information regarding the selected cell An example of this is shown in Figure 3 In this figure the user has selected the input cell strength reduction factor A dialog box has been brought up onto the screen describing what this input data does STA Help HEI The strength reduction Factor h is included on the short term capacity equation to correct For soil remolding during the fluke penetration and ke
15. n Figure 8 are for a cohesive soil C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 13 REFERENCES 1 Handbook For Marine Geotechnical Engineering Technical Editor Rocker K March 1985 available from Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory Port Hueneme California 93043 C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 Appendix 1 PAGE 1 APPENDIX 1 DEFINITION OF INPUT DATA This Appendix lists each of the input data terms that the user may edit Note that by placing the cursor on any input data cell and clicking on the button EXPLAIN VALUE the User is presented with a dialog box containing a detailed description of the input data term This Appendix provides a reference for each of these terms C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 Appendix 1 PAGE 2 Z1 thickness of upper soil layer ft This is the thickness of the first soil layer from the sea bed downwards Units are feet Z2 thickness of middle soil layer ft This is the thickness of the second soil layer beneath the seabed Units are feet Note that a visual check on the input data is provided in the upper diagram on the main results p
16. r psf GO undrained sh strength bottom 2nd layer psf cud undrained sh strength top 3rd layer psf cu6 undrained sh strength bottom 3rd layer psf drained friction angle 1st layer deg drained friction angle 2nd layer deg drained friction angle 3rd layer deg Gammal 1st layer buoyant weight pcf Gamme2 2nd layer buoyant weight pcf Gamma3 3rd layer buoyant weight GH ratio of drained undrained soil cohesion Short term ultimate capacity kips Long term ultimate capacity kips Static short term safety factor Static long term safety factor Ncs short term calculated Nc long term calculated ANCHOR PROPERTIES amp ANALYSIS CONTROL fluke length ft Strength reduction factor fluke width ft av static uplift load kips dynarric load double amp Kips cohesionless 2 cohesive EE naeia O Nq cohesionless calculated estimated soil permeability ft sec dynamic load range safety factor single storm maximum dynamic load range for single storm kips time reqd for pore press dissipation days number of loading cycles in single storm FIGURE 2 C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 7 5 0 RUNNING THE PROGRAM Once you have set up the program using the instructions in Sect
17. ro files on a single 3 5 inch floppy disk This section of the manual provides instructions for loading the program and setting up the Windows icon 3 2 Install Files and Create Directories STA PULLOUT must be set up in sub directory on your hard disk Before installing STA PULLOUT you must have Excel already installed on your hard disk You must manually set up the necessary directory and copy the files over The manual procedure is as follows Create a sub directory for example called STAPULLOUT All files from the floppy disk should be copied into the STAPULLOUT sub directory You will then have a path to the program files as shown below X MY_PROJECTS STAPULLOUT program_files In the example above X is the name of your hard disk most likely this will be C or D and the MY_PROJECTS directory may be where you store your projects 3 3 Install Icon Once the directory structure has been created and the program files have been copied from the distribution floppy diskette to the STAPULLOUT sub directory you can set up the icon see your Windows documentation or simply right click on your desktop and be intuitive 3 4 Program Files On Distribution Diskettes Each distribution diskette for STA PULLOUT is a self contained version of the program The files on your diskette should be as listed below C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSI
18. sidered to vary in a linear manner between the top and bottom of each layer cu3 undrained sh strength top 2nd layer psf This is the undrained shear strength for the soil at the top of the second layer in other words at the seabed Units are in pounds force per square foot cu4 undrained sh strength bottom 2nd layer psf Comments as for cu2 apply cu5 undrained sh strength top 3rd layer psf Comments as for cu1 apply C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 Appendix 1 PAGE 3 cu6 undrained sh strength bottom 3rd layer psf Comments as for cu2 apply Note that if the pile is specified as being embedded with its bottom beneath the third soil layer the soil strength and weight parameters at the bottom of the third layer will be continued downwards Gamma 1st layer buoyant weight pcf This is the submerged or buoyant weight of the soil in the first layer Units are in pounds per cubic foot Gammaz2 2nd layer buoyant weight pcf This is the submerged or buoyant weight of the soil in the second layer Units are in pounds per cubic foot Gamma3 3rd layer buoyant weight pcf This is the submerged or buoyant weight of the soil in the third layer Units are in pounds per cubic foot fluke length ft This is the maximum length of the plate fluke width ft This is the maximum width of the plate
19. ying Some strength reduction factors for particular soil types are displayed in the Following table NOTE APPLIES ONLY TO THE STRENGTH OF COHESIVE LAYERS Strength Reduction Soil Type Factor hi Very soft moderately sensitive 0 8 0 9 clayey sit Su 2 psi st 3 Soft normally consolidated sity clay Su 2psi st 3 Pelagic chy Su 1 2 psi st Formaninifera sand sik 77 86 carbonate Su 2 2 psi st 10 FIGURE 3 Help is also available in interpreting the results The main summary results for an installed pile analysis are seen in the lower right hand corner of Figure 2 If the user selects a cell for which there is no help available a dialog box will be flashed up on the screen suggesting that the cursor be repositioned in another cell An example of this is shown in Figure 4 C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 9 STA Help No help available for this cell Place cursor in a data input or results value cell then click again on one of the explain buttons OK FIGURE 4 C Documents and Settings Lucy HAL 9000A My Documents My Web Sites stewart usa com www STAPullout doc STA PULLOUT VERSION 1 1 February 1999 PAGE 10 7 0 BASIC ANALYSIS ASSUMPTIONS The user can be reminded of the basic analysis assumptions when running the program by click
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