User`s Manual
Contents
1. APPENDIX A KPC3 Jumpers As far as I know the CD light only works on the KPC3 This jumper was made from a 3 pin header socket with the center contact pulled out Or you can simply solder a wire between them Power J6 1 C2 Routes Vin to J7 C J7 1C3 All 3 together routes Vin to DB9 7 and DB25 13 NOTE Many KPC 3 users install the jumpers at J1 and J2 to allow for powering the TNC either from the internal battery or the external power input whichever happens to be present However there is an undesirable side effect if the special J7 jumpering is used to power external devices the battery will be drawn upon if the KPC s external power is interrupted This can drain it completely and rather quickly in fact CD light via the KPC3 s CTRL A FET J10 C 12 Special jumper 3 pins wide but avoids center pin a wire can also be used which routes the Fet to DB25 11 a k a ADI CTRL A MUTE n TNC command is required n can be 1 to 3 The MUTE parameter is available only in the KPC 3 version 8 3 de Steve VE3XF Also a 2 pin jumper will connect between the correct pins on J8 and J10 bringing the CD line out to pin 18 on the DB25 This might be the simplest thing to do and it leaves the other two pins on each connector untouched Alternate CD using the CTRL B FET J8 C 12 Same jumper that you would have used on J10 CTRL B MUTE n commande would be required If you wish to use the Analog Input 1 AN1 or Anal2. Open the Loader ioi Fie Comm Settings Region To Load Display Help Customization Loader Step 3 Select hex file from the location you downloaded the firmware to HamHUD Loader Select hex File Opening Hex File Up One Level Mu Recent Documents TI hheS2 hex E hh252 prj ke4nyv 15 hex Desktop loader HEX E Readmeist txt h xtal_40mhz h My Documents Sr Mu Computer s La TOME rie name hamhud252_40MHz hes Places Files of type her kad Cancel me C T T T I Step 4 Make any changed to the FRAM data at this time Callsign is the only required change Make this callsign match what you put in the TNC iox File Zomm Settings Region To Load Display Help Customization Loader Display Units Ds US 1 Metic a Tx Delap in 10me steps 0 255 d i DWAIT in 10me stepa 0 255 sss i S g Message 20 characters max Tn Chat Message 20 charactersmax sd Chat Message 20 charactere mar Ta Good Moming Message 20 charactersmax la Good Afternoon Message 20 characters may S S Good Evening Message 20 characters marl lE Yes Message 20 charactere mar lT luo Message 20 characters mas OO E I don t know Message 20 characteramas O O la 73 Have a good day l m headed home parr vy In hr Hail dime Last Known Post 3143 36N09908 24 gt 000 000 THC Commands 20 characters masl 1 TELT 1E 00 00 00 Step 5 Save
3. changes were made to handle NMEA strings that contain more decimal places than others The current version also allows for the choice of using either the GPRMC or GPGGA strings The recommended string to use is the GPRMC The HamHUD II uses the display to always indicate the status of the GPS The status is represented in three different states NO GPS This indicates that either a GPS is not connected to the unit and or the GPS is not supplying the data required by the HamHUD II NO FIX This indicates the a GPS is connected and the HamHUD II is successfully reading the NMEA data from it but the GPS has not gained a fix on it s location yet Some GPS strings are structured slightly different that does not allow the HamHUD II to sense a NO FIX state This is usually causes by GPS receivers that only send something like GPRMC 5 When it does not have a fix 0 0 This indicates that the GPS has gained a fix and the HamHUD II has successfully read the position data to calculate positions speed and heading with When moving the 0 0 will changed to something like 27 195 indicating you are moving at 27 MPH ona heading of 195 degrees Why is there a next to displayed distances 6 The HamHUD II always make an attempt to do what it can with what it has Anytime the HamHUD II makes a distance calculation it uses the current Lat Lon position to determine that distance If at anytime the HamHUD II makes a distance calcul
4. even on the go User Features e APRS messaging with 12 outgoing and 12 incoming messages stored Flashes the LCD backlight and beeps the BEEPER when you have an incoming message InBox indicator ensures you don t miss your messages Scrolls messages wider than display e Station list 48 entries All heard stations and their posits are stored here Weather stations with posits in the station list show distance direction Message To callsign can be selected from station list Rendezvous with stations in the station list e Stay on top of Weather Display temperature and wind data from APRS weather stations Shows distance and direction to weather stations with posits in the station list Scrolls weather warnings if they are sent in your area e Hook Mode makes station rendezvous a snap e Waypoints eight 9 character names Just click Mark WP then choose a waypoint name and you ve marked your position Rendezvous with your waypoints using Hook Mode e Posits displays bearing as textual direction with equally spaced sectors e g NNE Efficient distance calculation VERY accurate at short distances less accurate farther out e Customize the Display Auxillary Display Line2 can show Hooked station or waypoint Packet Path GPS Details SmartBeacon Details LCD brightness and contrast can be adjusted e Display units Metric or U S your choice SmrtBcon menu e Icons for style posits is selectable from a list of name
5. the FRAM changes to a NEW file We suggest your callsign Use the quotes around the filename and the hex HamHUD Loader T IOl x File Comm Settings Region To Load Display Help Select hex File E f Save Changes Message 20 characters mas Message 20 characters mas Message 20 characters max Message 20 characters max Message 20 characters max Message 20 characters max Message 20 characters max Last Know Post 19143 2RN 0990R 24w 000 000 BLT 1 E 00 00 00 x Opening Save Hex File Save irs oS 27004 40mbhz H e E Mu Recent Documents ezkto D Mu Documents Mu Computer K hy Network Places ge FRAM iri hamhudz52_40MHz hex C hh252 c B Readme st txt Ih xtal_4 0mhz h File name keine B hex x Save as type OWAIT in 1Ome steps 0 255 Myo Mu Call 9 characters max KEAN Y 15 Message 20 characters may 1 Chat Cancel mS S gt hee a ea es ld ll Step 6 Select the regions you would like to load If this is a first time load you need to select both CODE and FRAM Future firmware upgrades can omit FRAM to retain settings HamHUD Loader my ci lt loader OyvenArite Boor Load Step 7 Click the Load button Allow the HamHUD to go all the way through the load When it s done the loader will tell you to reboot the HamHUD to let the new firmware and FRAM values load up Pd HamHUD Loader bon Coad
6. 10 DEG MPH Turn Dly sec turn Time Minimum time between any other beacon and a turn beacon m a _ a beacon Fast Fast Fast beacon rate SlowRate mins beacon Ibeacon_Stop Stop beacon rate Stop beacon rate MIN LoSpeed units Low_speed Speed MPH below which SmartBeaconing is disabled and we beacon at the beacon stop rate HiSpeed units High speed Speed MPH above which HamHUD beacons at the beacon fast rate T Status mins Pe MIN between transmits of the currently selected status Setting 0 selects the efficient posit format Setting any other 0 Posit Posit Format number selects the GPRMC sentence format gt 0 RMC NOTE YOU must manually select the icon with the destination address e g GPSMV when using GPRMC format Setting 0 selects the display units to United States Imperial Speed is in statue miles per hour distance is in statute miles and Units temperature 19 in degrees Fahrenheit Setting any other number selects SI metric units Speed is in kilometers per hour distance is in kilometers and temperature is in degrees Celsius Posit_ Format HamHUD sends the efficient position posit format by default Instead of sending 70 plus characters on every sentence like GPRMC does format only requires 27 characters It gives position accurate to 1 100th of a mile speed accurate to 1 knot and course in degrees The only thing better about GPRMC is the
7. Auxillary Display line2 and Others Data lines 3 amp 4 Whiz Wheel Single knob with button Intuitive control of settings functions and data entry BEEPER to indicate incoming messages and mode changes Tricolor LED indicating XMIT DIGIPEAT and RX Green LED for TNC s CD indicator Displays most APRS data including posits messages weather status GPGGA GDR MC TH D7A TMD700 PIC E MIC E APRS objects etc Handles ANY packet prints raw data of any packet it does not understand no 2 KAIMVA like the Kenwood radios Reload firmware and customize settings using your PC APRS Network Related SmartBeaconing tm controls beaconing according to speed cornering and network activity TOTALLY TUNABLE parameters works for anything from automobiles to zeppelins style posits for beacons or use GPRMC strings your choice DigiMeter tells how well you re getting in and through which digipeaters Status select one of 6 editable status strings to transmit at a selectable interval APRS queries stores 6 up to 20 characters each Find other stations weather stations IGATES etc Responds to queries APRS and HUDS UNPROTO Three 20 character editable paths Destination address e g CQ APHH2 SPCL etc is editable MYCALL is editable All UNPROTO changes take effect immediately Control your TNC Send arbitrary commands stores 6 up to 20 characters each to adjust other TNC parameters
8. D Need to make interval 0 mean don t transmit status e Lowercase callsigns are TOXIC
9. HamHUD 1s able to display messages from APRS stations and other HamHUDs Inbound messages FROM other stations are shown in line 4 and outbound TO other stations messages are shown 1n line 2 Inbound messages cause the HamHUD s beeper to sound for two seconds Inbound messages if they are unique are also stored in the Inbox The beeper sounds after the callsign is displayed but before the message is displayed to the give the user time to notice that a message 1s incoming Figure 3 In the above display NSNYP has sent a message which is being scrolled bank sign style in the Ath line His path is currently visible in the auxiliary display line 2 Acknowledge Messages ACKs The HamHUD will ACK inbound messages As soon as the message stops scrolling HamHUD sends an ACK back to the sending station ACKs from other stations are displayed on line 4 as ACKs are considered to be inbound messages ACKs do not affect the transmission of messages Using the HamHUD Menus Whiz Wheel Basics The Whiz Wheel is used to adjust settings and to perform various actions on the HamHUD The menus are accessed using the Whiz Wheel The wheel has two actions rotation and clicking The Whiz Wheel rotates both directions In general rotating the knob clockwise moves the cursor to the right or increases a setting Rotating counterclockwise moves the cursor to the right and decreases a setting The Whiz Wheel has rotation speed filter t
10. HamHUD II User s Manual Firmware Version 2 7 xxxx for PIC18F252 2OMHz and 40MHz Original document by Steve Bragg KA9MVA Owasso Oklahoma Last Updated May 15 2006 by Jason Rausch KE4NYV Roanoke Virginia p F 4 h HO GPS ReH Lad L TU Tp 08 2 AAS Forward e The HamHUD is a APRS community project that has spanned many years and has been updated several times to grow with the needs of its users This document is a full operating manual for the use and operation of the HamHUD This manual will also document the changes and upgrades the project has gone through Introduction The current HamHUD I hardware is based around the Microchip PIC18F252 running at 40MHz First and second generation HamHUD II s are capable of this firmware with a replacement of the original PIC16F876 and 20MHz crystal with the PICI8F252 anda 1OMHz crystal clock speed is internally multiplied by 4 Both items are drop in replacements and do not require any modifications to the PCB itself The PIC18F252 does require that it be initially burned with a programmer such as the older Warp13 or newer Olimex MPLAB compatible programmer Features General Connect up to your Kantronics KPC 3x TNC or any TNC2 compatible clone and GPS Automatic GPS detection and on screen warnings when GPS is not present or out of lock Position data can come from a GPS GPRMC sentence or be entered manually 4 line x 20 char display ordered as My Data line 1
11. ach other e Single Clicking Used to select items from lists and confirm settings e Double Clicking Used to confirm and enter strings The cursor MUST be on the last character of a string when the button is double clicked The Beacon Now Button The Beacon Now button serves several functions e Beaconing At any given time this button can be pushed to transmit a beacon at the current position There is no limit to the use of this function e Menu Escape When in the menu mode this Beacon Now button can be used as a quick escape from menu mode e TNC Bypass If at anytime you wish to operate the HamHUD without a TNC the Beacon Now button can be used to put the HamHUD into TNC Bypass Mode at the time of power To do this make sure the HamHUD is turned OFF Hold down the Beacon Now button and turn the HamHUD on You will hear the internal buzzer indicating the button is pressed Continue the hold the Beacon Now button until the unit s callsign appears on Line 2 Packet Indicator LED To indicate what the HamHUD II is doing when transmitting receiving ect a bi color LED is used The LED is capable of three color states e Green Indicates when you are receiving a packet from another station e Red Indicates when you are transmitting a packet e Orange Indicates when you are receiving a digipeat of your own packet Power Up When the HamHUD powers up it waits a few seconds then tries to talk to the TNC and get i
12. and TRACE can be represented by a T WIDEn n and TRACEn n are supported Once the path has been entered the HamHUD will internally convert the shorthand form to the normal form before sending it to the TNC Entering a path in shorthand method Normal Format WIDE1 1 WIDE3 3 Converts to Shorthand Format W1 1 W3 3 NOTE ALL callsigns including UNPROTO MYCALL message to calls etc MUST be entered in UPPERCASE This is not HamHUD s fault the AX 25 protocol specifies that callsigns are UPPERCASE only Not all APRS programs accept all destination addresses however so take care what is used NOTE If GPRMC posits are selected see SmartBeacon menu you MUST enter a GPS symbol in the destination address in order for other stations to have an icon type for you For example for a car you would enter GPSMV V TRACE3 3 For a TRACEn capable network Cntrst Brite Setting Display Contrast and Brightness These menu items control the appearance of the display Both allow the Whiz Wheel to adjust a number from 0 to 255 For contrast smaller numbers result in a darker display In colder climates smaller numbers will be necessary to see this display in cold temperatures For brightness larger numbers results in a brighter backlight Note that the HamHUD will demand more current from the power source the brighter the backlight 1s set For minimum power set the backlight to 0 off When in Beacon Auto SmartBeacon mo
13. ation without a GPS connected or with a GPS connected and NO VALID POSITION LOCK the HamHUD II will assume that the calculation is an estimate Since it does not have a validated position it can only calculate the position from the last known good position Upon receiving current data the HamHUD II will remove the from the distance displayed on the display RevE Kit Additions A TTL header was added to the latest version to give a direct TTL serial link to the PIC for those who would like to use a TTL only OEM GPS board such as the Motorola Oncore units Separate 12VDC and 5VDC outputs were included in the interface connector to supply GPS units with either required voltage The 5 VDC power does an excellent job at powering small non display GPS receivers such as the Deluo and Garmin OEM puck units The 5 VDC is supplied from the main regulator so by turning the HamHUD II off you can kill the GPS power thus allowing you to control the GPS power from the HamHUD II User Interface The Whiz Wheel The Whiz Wheel is a rotary encoder that is used to change settings and enter data The encoder has a pushbutton switch in it which is used as an OK or Enter key would be on a personal computer There are two different actions for the Whiz Wheel button Single Click and a Double Click A Single Click is one short depress and release while a Double Click is two quick presses and releases within about 300 milliseconds of e
14. ccording to speed heading distance and network activity The HamHUD also tags corners by detecting heading changes from the GPS SmartBeaconing 1s ideal for parades chase vehicles sag wagons SK Y W ARN operations etc The tracks produced by SmartBeaconing in a good network environment are both stunningly realistic and economical on bandwidth They are often visibly superior to timed beacons produced by TNCs like the KPC3 The following screen shot from WinAPRS illustrates this point 15 mph peed limit Fast beacon rate 90 sec Stop beacon rate 30 min j Low speed thresh 4mph High speed fast rate 65 mph No beatons long delays for during this leg pedestrians Time based beacons ae Angle threshold 3b deg Tum beacontime sec a a a be E B ga ED 7CET 3 i T ECY Z HU Z WinAPRS artifact y We KnnpR 5 static beacon betore posit eo eee KC7ZRU s path is not readily apparent while KD7CEJ with HamHUD on board traces out a nice trail Requirements for SmartBeaconing For SmartBeaconing to work on the HamHUD it must have a NMEA 0183 V1 0 or V2 0 stream coming in from a compatible GPS receiver Only the GPRMC sentence is currently supported although the HamHUD will ignore other sentences sent on its GPS input port HamHUD cannot SmartBeacon though manual entry of position How SmartBeaconing Works The basic idea of SmartBeaconing the timed beacon is in principle little different from the GPS commands o
15. d icons Most common mobile icons are included Graphical icons are not displayed however Getting Started TNC Settings To operate the HamHUD the TNC must be set up correctly to communicate with the HamHUD The HamHUD is compatible with just about every TNC2 clone type TNC on the market but there are some differences in commands from manufacturer to manufacturer Kantronics TNC ECHO OFF ABAUD 4800 MONITOR ON CRSUP OFF LFSUP OFF HEADERLN OFF FILTER OFF MXMIT OFF PACLEN 0 SCREENLN 0 CD SOFT UNPROTO APHH2 VIA WIDE1 1 WIDE3 3 HID OFF AEA Timewave TNC ECHO OFF TBAUD 4800 AUTOBRAUD OPE AFILTER OFF BBS OFF BBSMSGS ON BEACON E 0 CONMODE CONVERSE HEADERLN OFF HID OFF MCON 0 PACLEN 0 UNPROTO APRHH2 V WIDE1 1 WIDE3 3 XFLOW OFF XMITOK ON XFLOW OFF MFJ TNC ECHO OFF MONITOR ON HEADERLN OFF MCOM OFF MCON OFF PACLEN 0 SCREENLN 0 HID OFF UNPROTO APRHH2 V WIDE1 1 WIDE3 3 XFLOW OFF XMITOK ON The UNPROTO path should always be set to what is required by your area s particular network The standard mobile path is typical WIDE1 1 WIDE2 2 or similar KPC 3 DCD Setup In order to use the CD light KPC3 ONLY the following must be set CTRL A MUTE 2 Please also see Appendix A regarding the proper jumpers also required to use the DCD function Using a GPS with HamHUD II The HamHUD II was designed to accept NMEA data from any serial GPS NMEA V1 5 and later is accepted Some
16. d to consult the TNC manual before using this menu item It is possible to issue commands that will prevent the HamHUD from communicating with the TNC Use EXTREME caution TNCCmd cannot display the response sent back from the TNC Therefore it is not useful for TNC commands that return a response Upgrading the HamHUD Firmware and Initializing the FRAM Windows Loader The older DOS firmware loader has been replaced with a Windows based version that allows the user to have graphical interface that makes loading new firmware a snap In order to use this loader your PIC MUST be initially burned with a normal PIC programmer such as a Warp13 or Olimex Picstart with a stable HamHUD II firmware version This is required to have the bootloader in place to talk to the Windows loader Important There are many flaky problems with loading through USB Serial adapters and or splitters A hardware serial port is always recommended to insure a proper load and to help avoid disabling your PIC Failure to load the PIC will result in the requirement to have the PIC re burned with one of the above mentioned programmers Instructions for loading firmware Step 1 Start the HamHUD II in LOAD MODE Make sure the HamHUD II Is powered off Hold in the WhizWheel button and turn the HamHUD II back on while holding in the button Wait for LOAD to appear on the top line You may now release the WhizWheel button and you are ready to load firmware Step 2
17. de the HamHUD will turn the backlight off automatically after the vehicle is stopped for10 minutes The backlight will return after the vehicle begins moving again It will also return for any menu operation it will turn back off after the menu operation is complete Line 2 Customizing Your HamHUD s Display This menu item controls what is displayed in Line 2 the Auxiliary display Whatever function is on line2 is multiplexed with showing transmitted messages statues and queries Shows nothing on line2 except transmitted messages statues and queries Idle Path Display 1st 20 characters of the received packets path DOES NOT SHOW THE TRANSMITTED PATH GPS Show Ist 20 characters of the GPRMC sentence from the GPS Shows GPS time UTC and the valid flag V unlocked A locked Posit Shows your posit updated as it changes with incoming GPS data Show and continuously update key SmartBeacon parameters SmrtBen Beacon seconds Seconds since beacon Turn Threshold Heading difference Select a station or named waypoint and continuously update bearing and distance to Hook it Useful for rendezvous When the station sends out a new posit the line2 display is automatically updated SmartBeaconing SmartBeaconing is what sets the HamHUD apart from all other devices for mobile APRS Other devices simply beacon according to a timer oblivious to the very GPS data that it is sending out The HamHUD beacons a
18. degrees 2 digits for the number of Minutes Longitude Range 00 59 minutes Decimal point Must be there in that position 2 digits for the fractional part of minutes of Longitude Range 00 99 1 character representing the hemisphere Range W or E An icon symbol select character default gt but see the APRS Specification for details Required THIS CHARACTER IS AUTOMATICALLY CHANGED BY THE ICON MENU AR Se NOTE Always use leading zeros for all parts of the Lat Lon They MUST be there for other APRS stations to correctly interpret the posit An example Lat 31 degrees 43 minutes and 1 second in the Northern Hemisphere Lon 99 degrees 7 minutes and 56 seconds in the Western Hemisphere Here s how it would look as it needs to be entered as a Posit 3 143 02N 09907 93 W gt The fractional part of the Lat 02 is derived by dividing 1 60 0 016667 rounded up to 02 The fractional part of the Lon 93 is derived by dividing 56 60 0 93333 rounded down to 93 NOTE AS SOON AS NMEA DATA IS AVAILABLE HAMHUD WILL OVERWRITE THE MANUALLY ENTERED POSIT My Icon Select Icon For My Station NOTE THIS FUNCTION ONLY SELECTS THE ICON FOR THE STYLE POSIT FOR GPRMC POSITS YOU MUST EDIT THE DESTINATION ADDRESS IN THE UNPROTO MENU AND USE A GPSXYZ DESTINATION ADDRESS SUCH AS GPSMV UNPROTO Set Destination Address and Path These menu items set the path destination address of the TNC s UNPROTO parameter In the APRS
19. display English Imperial units or Metric units For distances units statute miles English or kilometers Metric are used For speed units statute miles per hour English or kilometers per hour Metric are used For temperature degrees Fahrenheit English or Celsius Metric are used For a description on how to change the display units see SmartBeacon Parameters General and Positions Figure 1 The DigiMeter The 53 in the upper left is the DigiMeter tm The left digit indicates the long term average conditions of the network you re in from 0 to 9 The unit start with this digit set to 5 so it goes up if you are into the network The 2nd digit is the number of digipeated packets from your last transmission The DigiMeter is constantly displayed on Line 1 It is updated when a position is transmitted by the HamHUD or when a digipeated position originating from your callsign is received When the position is sent out the DigiMeter s right digit will reset to 0 With each digipeat of the last transmitted position the right digit will increment My Digipeater Destination Call Inbox The middle field on Line 1 shows a variety of information When a position is transmitted the word POSIT shows in this field followed by the callsign selected as your UNPROTO destination callsign see the Unproto menu If any transmission from the HamHUD 1s digipeated the callsign of the digipeater followed by the digipeat i
20. e string that is to be accepted Then a double click of the Whiz Wheel accepts the string NOTE ALL callsigns including UNPROTO MYCALL message to calls etc MUST be entered in UPPERCASE This is not HamHUD s fault the AX 25 protocol specifies that callsigns are UPPERCASE only Activating the Menu When the HamHUD s Whiz Wheel is clicked the following appears on line 1 Figure 4 Having Exit as the default menu item allows the user to dismiss the menu with another click of the Whiz Wheel The Beacon Now Abort button may also be used to exit the Menu at any time Selecting a Top Level Menu Item Turning the Whiz Wheel to the right causes the next menu item to appear The menu items appear in this order Exit Message Inbox Mark WP Query Posit MyIcon Unproto Line 2 SmrtBc Brite TNC Each of these menu items except Exit has its own parameters or submenus which will be described in following paragraphs Beacon Now Abort Button Sometimes a menu item or a submenu will be mistakenly activated To abort any menu item in progress press the red button same as Beacon Now button The menu will exit and the usual Line and Line 2 displays will return When the menus are not active this same button will cause a posit to be sent immediately Message APRS Messaging Activating the SndMsg top level menu item initiates an APRS message This menu item will be illustrated through sending an example message
21. e the Block Cursor over it and click the Menu Knob The cursor will change to the Under bar and changing the Whiz Wheel will change the character above the cursor A character being edited changes in a specific way using the Whiz Wheel Turning the Whiz Wheel to the left IMMEDIATELY after the cursor changes to Under bar will cause the character to change to a lowercase a This allows alphabetic messages to be entered quickly without going through all the special characters Turning the Whiz Wheel to the right will cause the character to change in the ASCII sequence from the space character through the grave accent If the Whiz Wheel continues turning after the grave appears the character will recycle back to the space character Editing with the Whiz Wheel is fairly fast because the cursor stays in character edit mode until a click occurs without rotation The cursor advances automatically to the next location and the underbars character edit cursor appears This means an entire sentence can be entered without returning to move cursor mode As amemory aid when the cursor advances to the next location HamHUD starts the character sequence with the last character you used in the previous position This allows you to quickly spell out a string with the Whiz Wheel Strings can only be edited as wide as the display The display is 20 characters wide To accept a string the Block Cursor must be placed ON THE LAST CHARACTER of th
22. eply to the message simply click the Whiz Wheel button You might reply The callsign is automatically filled in for you from the Inbox callsign You simply select and or edit a message and double click on the last character to send it Mark WP Mark Current Position as a Waypoint This feature allows navigation back to a particular position When the Mark WP menu item is selected HamHUD immediately stores the current GPS position Then it asks the user to select and or edit the waypoint name The position is stored under the waypoint name The waypoint can be hooked using the Line2 gt Hook menu item Query Send an APRS Query Initiating Queries This allows the HamHUD to see which stations are within range and where they are Initiating this menu item brings up the default APRS query and allows the user to edit it There are 6 canned queries customizable from the PC which are also editable in the HamHUD Other queries or even arbitrary data strings regardless of the APRS protocol may be entered Double clicking with the cursor on the last character t of the query causes the HamHUD to transmit it Responding to Queries from Other Stations The HamHUD will automatically respond to APRS and HUDS queries by transmitting a posit as soon as possible Posit Edit Stationary Position Report In the absence of GPS input it is still possible for HamHUD to send position to other stations Editing the APRS posit st
23. f many TNCs The real difference is that the HamHUD 1s able to modify its own beacon rate in response to the motion of the vehicle that carries it thanks to access to the GPS data In AUTO mode SmartBeaconing looks at the GPRMC sentence and modifies the current beacon rate according to three factors 1 Distance traveled since last beacon 2 Heading change since last beacon known as corner pegging 3 Network activity The algorithms used to implement these are quite simple but effective The HamHUD firmware doesn t actually count the distance traveled it integrates according to the formula d rt distance rate x time Heading change is calculated by storing the heading at the time of last beacon and comparing the current heading to it Network activity control is implemented by simply interleaving display of incoming packets with the beaconing task With more network activity the beacons get pushed out in time effectively slowing the beacon rate with activity SmartBeacon Details To convert distance and heading change to a beacon rate SmartBeacon uses a three part formula as shown below in a C like pseudocode The braces enclose blocks of statements So if the vehicle is stopped the HamHUD does not evaluate heading changes it simply adjusts to a fixed slow beacon rate If the vehicle is moving faster than the high threshold the HamHUD adjusts to beacon at a fixed high rate In between the rate decreases linearly with
24. ial port pinouts D Sub 9 Pin Male D Sub 25 Pin Male Z Ta UT kH S a J 14 fis Pin No Signal Pin No Signal 1 DCD 2 TxD 2 RxD 3 RxD 3 TxD 4 RTS 4 DTR 5 CTS 5 GND DSR DSR 7 GND 7 RTS S DCD S CTS 0 DTR J as APPENDIX C USING A TNC STATIC BEACON To increase the reliability of the TNC HamHUD system it may be desirable to initiate a long duration static beacon in the TNC The advantage of this 1s that if the HamHUD is somehow turned off or taken out of service perhaps by a car thief the TNC will continue to beacon To do this a TNC is required that can support a second serial port for the GPS such as the Kantronics KPC3 For the KPC3 the following settings are recommended GPSTIME VALID RMC These commands set up a periodic static HamHUD can control this beacon by sending commands via the TNCCmd menu The GPSMV should be replaced with whatever icon the user desires Since the static beacons will come from the same callsign as the automatic ones they will be recognized by the HamHUD SmartBeacon will reschedule the automatic beacons accordingly APPENDIX D KNOWN BUGS e When Line2 SB display and Beacon is set to any fixed value the angle since last beacon field of line2 is fixed at a value of zero irrespective of any actual heading variations e HamHUD does not process the old object format that WinAPRS generates e Doesn t show MY path on line2 on xmit e Status interval 0 IS BA
25. ndication will be shown in this field If there are have been received messages since the last time you checked the Inbox see the Inbox menu this field will show a message like Inbox 3 Indicating the number of messages that are new since the last time you checked the inbox This reminder will repeat every 10 seconds until you check the Inbox My Speed and Heading The rightmost field on Line 1 is my speed and direction This may come either from my own beacons or the GPS data coming into the HamHUD In the latter case the display is updated as often as receiving other data allows This field is continually displayed and updated as long as incoming GPS data is available If valid GPS data has not been available for 60 seconds HamHUD goes back to displaying NO GPS in this field until valid GPS data 1s again available Position Data Display The 3rd and 4th lines show data from other stations In this case it is showing a packet that was digipeated through an IGATE indicated by instead of Tony s car is doing 55 MPH going west and he s 687 miles NW of me Since bearing is always shown as letters and heading always shown numerically it s easy to sort them out All posits are displayed in this format regardless of protocol The speed bearing field is skipped if the posit protocol doesn t include it Almost all APRS position formats are supported Here are the few exceptions e Named Items OBJECTs are displa
26. network GPS devices like the HamHUD can set the icon that will appear on graphical map displays like WinAPRS by setting an appropriate destination address See the documentation of these programs for details The UNPROTO path controls how packets from the HamHUD will be digipeated Contact your local APRS club for details on paths Selecting the Path menu item brings up the current UNPROTO path The default path is TRACE4 4 which is an often used path in WIDEn TRACEn networks Contact your local APRS club for details on paths The UNPROTO path can be edited as a string Double clicking with the cursor at the right of the path causes it to be saved in the HamHUD s non volatile memory and sent out to the TNC Note that the HamHUD has no knowledge of the TNC s initial path and icon address once the HamHUD has sent these items out to the TNC the current setting 1s saved in the HamHUD s internal non volatile memory Whenever either the path or the 1con address is changed BOTH are sent to the TNC in the form of the UNPROTO command TNC Path Command Structure UNPROTO dest V path NOTE The V is a necessary part of the UNPROTO path HamHUD will not correctly set the TNC s UNPROTO path without it Path Shorthand Method Since the 4x20 LCD limits string length in editing mode shortcuts are used to help squeeze in more text The HamHUD employs a handy shorthand path method in which WIDE can be represented by a W
27. o prevent spurious rotation detection Rotating the Whiz Wheel quickly has little effect but rotating it decisively at a moderate speed works well The Whiz Wheel has a pushbutton switch built into it and pressing the knob activates the switch This action is called clicking Clicking the knob twice in a short instant of time lt 250 milliseconds 1s called double clicking Cursors There are two cursors that the HamHUD uses the Under bar and Block cursors The Under bar Cursor looks like an underscore _ indicates that the character above it can be edited changed with the Whiz Wheel The cursor will stay in place until the menu button is clicked This indicates to the HamHUD that the user is finished editing that character and 1s ready to go on to the next character The Block Cursor looks like a filled in black square L indicates that character editing is NOT in process and that the cursor or setting will be moved with the Whiz Wheel Editing Strings In many places the Whiz Wheel is used to edit a string of arbitrary characters such as a text message a callsign or an UNPROTO path Everywhere a string of arbitrary characters 1s edited the HamHUD acts the same way Usually the string to be edited will already have some default value The HamHUD will display the current value and move the Block Cursor to the end of the string Turning the Whiz Wheel will move the cursor To edit a character the user must mov
28. og Input 2 AN2 you would have to connect to J10 C of J8 C avoiding the outer 2 pins If you wish to bring out a CD signal on any other rev of the KPC 3 or on any other TNC model you would have to connect a jumper wire to the cold ground side of the front panel RCV LED APPENDIX B HamHUD to TNC GPS cables and Pinouts e From the first generation HamHUD II s until mid 2006 it was always up to the end user to decide on the connector interface and method they would use to connect their HamHUD to their TNC GPS and Power While there are still many of these HamHUD II s out there in operation there is a new standard being use by the HamHUD community with the RevE kits In this section we will attempt to give some general serial pinouts useful for the older generation HamHUD as well as the pinouts for the newer RevE kit models Standard Configuration Radio TNC HamHUD lt GPS In the older configuration there are a host of possible connector options for both the GPS and TNC to the HamHUD The most common are D Sub DB9 and or DB25 connectors e When wiring the HamHUD you have to think of it as a replacement for a full size computer with two normal serial ports One to handle the TNC comms and one to handle the GPS comms Wire the ports to accept the device s cables directly without any adapters or crossover null adapters A null configuration will only be required when programming e Here are some common ser
29. or on the last character of the message double clicking sends the message Resending Messages Messages are sent by the HamHUD only once To send a message again select it from the canned message list and send it The resent message will have a different message number than its original which is slightly different behavior than most APRS programs It is however useful for the other station to see which message actually made it through InBox Received Message List The Inbox stores the 1st 20 characters of your recently received messages Up to 12 messages are stored The Inbox stores the message text the sending station s callsign the UTC time and the message s Ack Tag The Ack Tag and message callsign are used to ensure that only unique messages are stored in the Inbox A typical Inbox display would be This indicates that the first message 1 came from KCS5UNQ at 12 34 UTC at the Ack Tag was 04 The message text is on line 2 To look at other messages in the inbox scroll down with the Whiz Wheel To exit the Inbox without replying to a message press the Red Button Replying to a Message This is where the Inbox is very useful Suppose you are on a shopping trip You leave the car to shop and when you return line 1 is blinking every 10 seconds in the digipeater field This means you have missed two messages since you last entered the Inbox You select the Inbox menu item and are greeted with To r
30. position accuracy which can be as accurate as a few feet with DGPS Please do not use the GPRMC format unless you absolutely NEED the position accuracy The extra network traffic is NOT WORTH IT in most cases When you select the NMEA GPRMC format you will have to set the icon yourself by changing the APRHH2 V TRACE3 3 in the UNPROTO menu to something like GPSMV V TRACE3 3 YOU CANNOT USE THE BUILT IN ICON SELECTOR with NMEA format Also the format as edited in the Posit menu will still be sent when there is no GPS data The figure below illustrates the position format ae ore ree ca These are the icon table select and symbol Charca E EST V V They will be automatically changed by the Icon menu 3605 06N 09550 38W gt 180 040 NOS SOS amp S AANA US DSN OS A INOS OS INOS OS INOS OS Ground speed knots Course degrees Western or Eastern Hemisphere designator Hundredths of minutes of Longitude Minutes of Longitude Degrees portion of the Longitude Northern or Southern Hemisphere designator Hundredths of minutes of Latitude Minutes of Latitude Degrees portion of the Latitude SEE D eskan ARRO po itron TNC Cmd Sending a Command to the TNC This menu item allows a command to be sent directly to the TNC The command is limited to 20 characters long and there are six different editable commands As commands vary between versions of TNC even with the same manufacturer the user 1s strongly urge
31. ring in the Posit menu item allows operation from a hotel a fixed digipeater site etc The Posit is EXACTLY 20 characters long and looks like this Mais E Sleebilel lS Va neue sl E EDER E S messaging or for an unattended digipeater l T I These are the icon table select and symbol Charactors vV V V They will be automatically changed by the Icon menu 3605 06N 09550 38W gt Western or Eastern Hemisphere designator Hundredths of minutes of Longitude Degrees portion of the Longitude Northern or Southern Hemisphere designator Hundredths of minutes of Latitude Minutes of Latitude Degrees portion of the Latitude ageless eg ARRS POSTEL OAs WAS IS RIKOL REE Ses Minutes of Longitude NOTE THE POSIT MUST BEGIN WITH AN EQUALS OR EXCLAMATION CHARACTER FOR OTHER APRS STATIONS TO CORRECTLY INTERPRET IT The Latitude consists of six parts 2 digits for the number of Degrees Latitude Range 00 90 degrees 2 digits for the number of Minutes Latitude Range 00 59 minutes Decimal point Must be there in that position 2 digits for the fractional part of minutes of Latitude Range 00 99 1 character representing the hemisphere N or S An icon table select character usually but see the APRS Specification for details Required THIS CHARACTER IS AUTOMATICALLY CHANGED BY THE ICON MENU Se a The Longitude consists of six parts also 3 digits for the number of Degrees Longitude Range 000 180
32. speed The basic idea behind the adjustment of turn threshold is the sort of turns that are made at different speed regimes For land vehicles we want more heading change sensitivity at high speeds than at low speeds At low speeds a large turn threshold will do because almost all turns are sharp ones At higher speeds almost all turns are shallow gradual ones requiring a small turn threshold to detect Moreover the transition between the low speed and high speed regimes actually takes place according to our experiments 1n the 20 40 MPH range So the factors in the equations are geared toward that SmrtBeac SmartBeaconing Parameter Menu All parameters of the SmartBeacon algorithm are adjustable from the HamHUD s SmrtBeac menu item The menu item also includes some miscellaneous operating parameters for the HamHUD The seven parameters are prompted one after another It is only necessary to click the Whiz Wheel if it not desired to adjust a parameter To adjust a parameter turn the Whiz Wheel to the desired value and click After the last parameter is adjusted or dismissed the menu will exit The parameters are prompted in the order they are listed below Prompt _ Parameter Description Effect of Parameter ts Effect of Parameter Turn Ang deg turn Angle Minimum angle for dynamically adjusted turn beacon threshold DEG TSlp 10deg u turn Slope Multiplier for dynamically adjusted turn beacon threshold
33. to NSNYP 2 In the example NSNYP 2 has already sent a message to the HamHUD and now we will respond to it Figure 5 Clicking brings up the following display Figure 6 The HamHUD is now asking for the destination callsign NSNYP 2 was the last callsign received so his callsign is placed in the destination callsign automatically If I want his callsign all I have to do is click the Whiz Wheel Or I can turn the Whiz Wheel and select another callsign from the Station List NOTE ALL callsigns including UNPROTO MYCALL message to calls etc MUST be entered in UPPERCASE This is not HamHUD s fault the AX 25 protocol specifies that callsigns are UPPERCASE only After clicking the HamHUD s cursor changes from the blinking block to the under bar Also the question mark on Line 1 changes to an E indicating that HamHUD is inviting me to edit the callsign It is possible then to send a message to a station that is not in the Station List When the editing is finished a double click brings up the prompt to choose a canned message to start with Figure 7 There are 12 canned messages to choose from each of which can be up to 20 characters The messages can be customized from the PC see Customization In this example the Hi canned message is chosen by turning the Whiz Wheel until it appears then clicking Figure 8 For this example Andy was entered using the Whiz Wheel After placing the curs
34. ts callsign If it is successful you will see the display below your callsign will be shown If you are unsuccessful check that the TNC settings and serial connections are correct As soon as the callsign is displayed the HamHUD 1s ready to receive packets and activate its menu TNC Bypass If at anytime you wish to operate the HamHUD without a TNC the Beacon Now button can be used to put the HamHUD into TNC Bypass Mode at the time of power up To do this make sure the HamHUD is turned OFF Hold down the Beacon Now button and turn the HamHUD on You will hear the internal buzzer indicating the button 1s pressed Continue the hold the Beacon Now button until the unit s callsign appears on Line 2 The HamHUD Display DigiMeter MyDigipeat GPS Data Line 2 Received Station Distance Station Digipeat Use of the Display The HamHUD display is a 20 character by 4 line liquid crystal display LCD It is separated into three distinct display areas e My Data line 1 displays my speed heading and packet digipeating data e Auxiliary Display line2 displays selectable auxiliary data path SmartBeacon data GPS data etc Also may show my data if it exceeds what can be shown on line 1 example my transmitted messages my transmitted status e Others Data lines 3 amp 4 displays interpreted packets from other stations Lines 1 and 2 are also used by the Menu system Measurement Units The HamHUD can
35. yed e Grid Square Format e Compressed Position Format e NMEA sentences besides GPRMC and GPGGA Weather Data The HamHUD is able to decode most popular weather data formats used with APRS including native Peet Brothers Ultimeter II and 2000 and Davis These formats include the and ULTW raw hexadecimal formats Figure 2 U S Units Metric Units In this example Ultimeter 2000 weather is being displayed in line 4 All weather stations regardless of protocol are shown this way When it can the HamHUD firmware coordinates weather data with position beacons in its station memory We can see that it s a balmy 70F for February in Broken Arrow Oklahoma 32 71 miles east southeast of the HamHUD s current position with light winds 5 knots out of the west northwest 281 degrees The weather station s distance and bearing will only be shown if the weather station s position is in the Station List see Station List Usually weather stations will transmit their position and weather data close together in time or in the same packet HamHUD can handle combined weather position reports In Figure 2 Line2 is showing the distance and direction to a marked waypoint see Waypoints which in this case is the NOAA weather office in Tulsa While this particular function has nothing to do with the display of weather packets displaying waypoints 1s a useful function for severe weather spotters APRS Messages The
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