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Keil Software Fall 1999 Newsletter

1. K EIL SOFTWARE Let s Embed the World Keil Ships C166 Version 4 and pVision2 Keil Software is now shipping C166 m Tool Options may now be set for Version 4 with uVision2 This release either a target a group of files or an of the Keil C166 C167 and ST10 individual source file This provides development tools offers a number of greater flexibility for complex new enhancements and features projects uVision2 has been completely Anew Locals page has been added redesigned and now incorporates the to the Watch Window This page IDE and debugger all in a single displays all local variables for a application uVision2 was designed function using ane and suggestions ia have The integrated Make facility ee p gt a nae a assembles compiles and links your ibe a erie j F ae SO source files and displays errors and EE V LEAUT A E warnings in real time You may The Project Manager now lets you correct errors while the project group files and targets within a compiles in the background project You oe a iple A Project wide Search feature lets aie ee ee ani TES you locate each occurrence of a text PELRA E Or A Oe string in your source files have one target for debugging with l l l MON51 and another target for Multiple views are now available for creating an Intel HEX file for the Memory Window and the Serial programming an EPROM Window A Device Database makes it easy to A Books tab provides instant access get star
2. and allows us to help you with your embedded applications We offer FREE seminars on Controller Area Network CAN and Universal Serial Bus USB at many of the Embedded Computing Shows These seminars give you the information you need to create applications with the Keil development tools and these popular communication protocols They are also an excellent way for you to get a jump start on your next project Check our web site for the dates and times of trade shows in your area http www keil com shows Page 4 Training Courses In the United States Keil Software and MicroConsult have partnered to bring you several new training courses C166 C167 Hardware Design C166 C167 Software Development CAN Hands on Workshop Introduction to TriCore POINTERS Winter Spring 1999 Training courses are taught each month in Dallas TX or San Jose CA Check our web site for the class schedule and itinerary http www keil com class We continue to offer training courses for our C166 and C51 development tools and can custom tailor on site training for your staff Call our sales department at 800 348 8051 and register today l
3. limited stack from 256 bytes to as low as 64 bytes on some devices function arguments must be passed using a different technique When Intel introduced the PL M 51 compiler they used a technique of storing arguments in fixed memory locations When the linker was invoked it built a call tree of the program figured out which function arguments were mutually exclusive and overlaid them This was the beginning of the linker s OVERLAY directive Since PL M 51 doesn t support function pointers the issue of indirect function calls never came up However with C problems abound How does the linker know which memory to use for the indirect function s arguments How do you add functions that are called indirectly into the call tree To help you better understand and use function pointers we have a new application note on the web site Application Note 129 discusses function pointers in C51 You may download the app note from the web at http www keil com appnotes There are several caveats you must be aware of if you use function pointers in your C51 programs Argument List Limits Arguments passed to functions called through a function pointer must all fit into registers At most three arguments can automatically be passed in registers Refer to the C51 User s Manual to find out the algorithm for fitting arguments into registers Do not assume that just any three argument data types will fit Since C5
4. one statement in your initialization code The CS505C unlike the C515C lets you locate the CAN controller base address at any 256 byte page in XDATA This is done by setting the XPAGE SFR to the upper byte of the address First define an SFR for XPAGE Define XPAGE SFR sfr XPAGE 0x91 Then assign the upper byte of the base address to XPAGE You may want to locate this at the same address as the CSIC Set CAN base address OxF7 is the same as C515C XPAGE OxF7 Finally you must modify the ICANCONF AS1 configuration file The interrupt number and possibly the base address is different on the C505C You must set the controller base address and interrupt number as shown below Once these things are done you may use the RTX51 CAN Library as you would for a C515C application For more information about RTX51 http www keil com rtx51 ICANCONEF H Configuration File Visit us on the World Wide Function Pointers Function pointers are one of the many difficult features of the C programming language Due to the requirements of the 8051 architecture function pointers and reentrant functions have even greater challenges to surmount This is primarily because of the way arguments are passed to functions Function arguments are typically passed on the stack using the push and pop instructions and are accessed using a base pointer Since the 8051 has a size
5. wait 255 amp r When can wait returns a message with ID 0x0234 has been received Our engineers have created an application note for a simple CAN program using two MCBS517 boards The sample program transmits and receives a 1 byte value that displays on the board s Port 4 LEDs This lets you see the application in action You can use the dScope debugger to watch CAN message variables and set breakpoints in the RTX51 tasks Communication with MONS1 makes near real time debugging possible with the RTX51 kernel and the CAN controller RTX51 supports the Intel 82526 82527 the Philips 82C200 and Siemens 81C90 91 stand alone CAN controllers The Philips 8xC592 and 8xCE598 and Siemens C505C and C515C 805 1 based microcontrollers with on chip CAN controllers are supported as well Check the Keil Software web site for more information about the RTX family of Real time Kernels http www keil com rtos For more information about CAN and for web based tutorials see http www keil com can Call us today for more information gt RTX51 CAN Support for Siemens C505C Siemens makes two CAN based 8051 compatible microcontrollers the CS505C and the C515C The CAN libraries provided with the Keil RTX51 Real time Kernel fully support both of these chips Support for the C515C is conspicuously present The C505C however requires that you make two changes to the configuration file ICANCONF AS1 and add
6. 1 passes up to three arguments in registers the memory space used for passing arguments is not an issue unless the function pointed to requires more arguments If that is the case you can merge the arguments into a structure and pass a pointer to the structure If that is not acceptable you may always use reentrant functions Reentrant Functions Keil C51 offers the reentrant keyword to declare functions that are reentrant Reentrant functions expect arguments to be passed on a simulated stack The stack is maintained in IDATA for small memory model PDATA for compact memory model or XDATA for large memory model You must initialize the stack pointer in the startup code if you use reentrant functions The following code listing shows the important definitions in STARTUP AS1 You must set the EQU to 1 for the memory model stack you use and set the address for the top of the stack The reentrant stack grows down as things are pushed onto the stack The system stack grows up For this reason using IDATA for the reentrant stack is not always the best idea even though it produces the smallest code One way to conserve internal data memory and allow for a larger system stack is to place all reentrant functions in a separate memory model like large or compact The compact model generates less code than large model but it is more complex to configure Web at http www keil com To declare a reentrant function
7. es and upgrades gt f l LVision2 uVision2 Release Notes uVision2 User s Guide fi Tools User s Guide 166 Release Notes The Project Window s C166 User s Guide Books tab lists Macro Assembler User s Guide the on line amp Utilities User s Guide fil Device Data Books manuals that Product Overview are available User Manual Instruction Set Manual Files fay Regs The Files tab in the Project window displays the currently selected target along with groups and files You may drag amp drop files within this window i Books Select Device for Target Small Model Options tor File Getimec Generic devices may be used if a specific device is not already in the database Open Getine c Add Files to Group Main Files The local menu opens when you click the right mouse button Here you may set options for targets groups and files Call 800 348 8051 or visit us at http www keil com MCB517 and RTX51 Make CAN Eas The Keil MCB517 Evaluation Board includes an on board CAN controller the Siemens 81C90 that is easy to configure RTX51 includes a CAN library that supports the 81C90 and numerous other CAN controllers Together these two tools let you experiment with CAN and get a network up and running very quickly The RTX51 CAN library includes calls to initiali
8. ted with a particular to PDF data sheets User s Guides microcontroller or evaluation board and on line manuals The database includes all the necessary options for numerous l I Smal Model different chips emulators and 0 Main Files monitor configurations Mcommand c e Measure c Select Target Smell Model bE a fs es cru Putcharc Vendor Elamas an Getkey c Device CIBPCR IEFM enero i system Files Faniks pops dakai Todest 166 167 Took e Trape c a Deria base comers Dasgipior Stent 67 ab6 u Belles aj fee Micoconboler wth 111 0 Lines Power Down Waichdog Clock MMH S Documentation a Generic Capture Compare Uri 32 channels Pav Output 4 chemnets gh Abstracttd Intel CAN Goriroller SC ISAAT AD Converter Phiips on chip RAM PKA 26 PAM i Siemens on chip Flesh ACW 1 RE O AHE cea L CBA A Cit E CEJ all variants LI CIE ell varats C CIES gali varianta C CIES fall vanai G ClERCRrIERM D CET CRF gt Upgrade Today You may contact our sales department for a FREE Evaluation CD ROM and Quick Start guide A 4K limited compiler lets you evaluate C166 Version 4 and uVision2 If you can t wait for the CD you may download a demo from the Keil web site http www keil com demo Upgrades are free for users who have purchased a C166 Version 3 Kit on or after January 1 1998 Contact our sales department for more information about product pric
9. use the reentrant keyword void func long argl long arg2 long arg3 reentrant ee To declare a large model reentrant function use the large and reentrant keywords For example void func long argl long arg2 long arg3 large reentrant 4 Pointers to Reentrant Functions There is not much difference between declaring reentrant function pointers and non reentrant function pointers A reentrant function pointer merely requires that you use the reentrant keyword void rfunc_ ptr long a long b long c reentrant func When using pointers to reentrant functions more code is generated because arguments must be pushed onto the simulated stack However no special linker controls are required and you need not learn anything about the overlay directive If you pass more than three arguments to a function that you call indirectly reentrant functions may be what you need Page 3 X KEIL SOFTWARE 16990 Dallas Parkway Suite 120 Dallas TX 75248 1903 Phone 800 348 8051 972 735 8052 FAX 972 735 8055 BULK RATE U S Postage PAID Dallas TX Permit 4910 Keil Software exhibits at over 20 trade shows each year From the Embedded Systems Conferences in San Jose and Chicago to Electronica to the Embedded Computing Shows in cities all over the USA These shows give you an opportunity to meet us see what new development tools we have
10. ze the CAN controller send messages and receive messages To begin a CAN program you must create the CAN task and initialize the CAN controller For example can task create can hw init 0x23 0x42 OxF8 0x00 0x04 The arguments to can_hw_init depend on the controller used They configure bit rate bus timing and so on Once the CAN controller is initialized you may create message objects to send or receive For example can def obj 0x0123 6 D SEND can def obj 0x0234 1 D_REC These statements define a transmit object 6 bytes long with ID 0x0123 and a receive object 1 byte long with ID 0x0234 Finally you are ready to let the controller send and receive CAN messages You do this with the can_start library routine can start Sending a message involves declaring a CAN message variable initializing the message ID setting the data and calling the can_send library routine For example struct can message struct t t identifier 0x0123 t c data 0 0 t c data 1 1 can send amp j Receiving a message is just as easy You must declare a CAN message variable bind the message ID to the Page 2 PAINTERS winter spring 1999 current task can_bind_ obj does that and then call the can_wait library routine to wait for the message to be received For example struct can message struct r can bind obj 0x0234 can

Keil Software Fall 1999 Newsletter

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