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1. SOFTWARE MANUAL AlphaVUE USER S MANUAL DWM 00100 15 REV BOO N alpha aggamiero ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL Alpha Micro AMOS AM 100 ALphaBASIC AlphaPASCAL and AlphaLISP are trademarks of ALPHA MICROSYSTEMS Irvine CA 92714 1980 ALPHA MICROSYSTEMS ALPHA MICROSYSTEMS 17881 Sky Park North Irvine CA 92714 Page ii ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL Page iii Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 GETTING STARTED THE KEYBOARD yr atra DN a iila na FILES Daaa aa a n NR a a CREATING A NEW FILE KSE um m Wm n M Mim Se THE CURSOR AND DISPLAY WINDOW uuuuusasa p ake EDITING TEXT WITHIN A LINE aecaapanaunen THE MENU AAA A Wan m Me E n aM jo v INSERTING AND DELETING CHARACTERS DELETING WORDS BNG ONG NANG ABG KARD DIETE PUTEA FORM FEEDS anananozanaunaanooanaao aima M RM mta LONG LINES 4 4 8 4 re 8 8 S Mac d RUN E a M n bci a ADDING NEW LINES TO THE FILE ooono POI PAGE COMMANDS eee enne semi waa dace 1 MANIPULATING LINES uuuuanuuauaanuaaaasa WB aw a COMMAND MODE uuunanusananosasa as 1 15 1 Getting Help in Command mode 1 10 1 15 2 Finishing an Editing Session 1 11 1 15 3 Re editing a File enn ANN 1 11 1 15 4 Quitting an Editing Session 1 11 apo No a ch F L WW 1 sch sch c4 DO O unl LN wech och och t 1 NINA cg eo L3 l3 ch llc Ed 3g ft i NO NO Oo sch sch s
2. 2 5 End of Line command 2 3 Entry mode 4 w wae 2 7 2 10 Fields aa 6x e ao adber 2 10 Folding s essees os a ge 2 11 Line insert s assa ee ee ee 2 1 Next field e 2 2 s e 3 a 2 10 Environment commands 3 13 AA aos wv DNA PUSH laa BI pou oue Neid Erase Command s s ss 36 Erase Line command 2 4 Erasing Lines ew Zoch ERRORS ww wv ok wu eng AERE ESCAPE 5 4 ooo sc o voy ees Extension s s sess sson o o 4 2 File editing commands 2 4 Filename 2 1 4 4 4 2 v5 oi 4 2 EIS SL uk sis ite d 1 3 Finish command 3 3 Folding s v c ds cet u oe ek neh a 2 11 Form feeds 2 x owoacal go Baa 1 7 Format command s s s 3 13 ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL INDEX Page Index 3 Formatting commands uy 3 12 Center ooo o 3 12 Format 2 2 2 5 3 13 Width e aa ara ee SES Forward command s s as ss Z Global Replace command 3 10 B 7b EE YG Go command 3 3 Go to Next Word command 2 3 Go to Previous Word command 2 3 Help s ck ecc o o ow Med Home command esas sa s s a 2 4 Indent mode 2 12 INI VUE we 2 42 Insert command s e n e o s s s 2 2 Insert Line command o 2 5 Inserting characters 2 1 Invoking VUE sasssa s o 4 1 Line length eas es s e 2 1 Margin command s s s a s s a 3 15 Maximum Line Length u
3. VUE now waits for you to tell 3t what to do you must type one of these four options Y yes replace the string and look for next occurrence N advance to next occurrence without replacing this string Control C or ESC or Q return to Command mode without replacing this string C center this string on the screen then wait for a Y Nor Q The cursor advances through the file until there are no more occurrences of the search string or until you enter a Q ESC or Control C Example gt replace chain Flink will search through file for string chain and replace it with Link if you tell it to do so When entering the replacement string either an ESC or Control C cancels the Replace command and returns you to Command mode 3 4 5 Global Replace This command is identical to the Replace command however it does not ask you whether or not to replace each string It replaces every occurrence of the search string in the file After VUE is done it Lists the number of Strings that it replaced Use this command with great care you can easily mangle your file if there are occurrences of the search string that you don t know about For instance if you issue a Global replace for is to was VUE also changes the word this to thwas COMMAND MODE Page 3 10 Example gt global chain 2link replaces every occurrence of the string chain with the string Link The Global command is especially useful in conjucti
4. Assuming the comment column is 40 the actual comment text may begin at either column 41 or 42 Some programmers Like to have a space between the ve A Ei MB vl SCREEN MODE Page 2 11 comment character semicolon and the actual comment In this case the SPACE flag should be turned on causing the actual comment text to begin at column 42 If a Line begins with the comment character VUE considers the entire Line to be the comment field 2 4 4 2 Next Field The following discussion assumes that you are in Entry Mode and not in Text Mode You may define a next field character in your INI VUE file the default next field character is a space When you type the next field character VUE moves the cursor to the next field see above to the right of the cursor If the cursor is in the middle of a line and you type the next field character the cursor will advance to the beginning of the next field For instance if the cursor is at column 9 in the opcode field it moves to column 16 the beginning of the next field The next time you type the next field character the cursor advances to column 41 the position after the start of the comment field VUE assumes that you do not want to edit the comment character if you do just backspace and do so If the SPACE flag is on VUE moves the cursor to column 42 putting a space after the comment character If you try to move the cursor to an empty field VUE creates the field for you In the
5. Whole an ananann apan 2828 naptaygananpane Replace aaa cada daa dale us Global Replace wecccccccacccaaccaue a Wildcard s BIBIDA etna Ra ee 8 n E T OPERATIONS ur gecaza ursi e Ra Era REES ys Copy BLOCK aida ad ra Delete Block Move Block nen nn2 pt 200 a nap 0 2 lt aq a MMM No ACI Fog uu un Far aa AN O0 CC O Un VI un PL aa Ju MM eo riada i NOOO UE E UN LA C po LN LN LN LN LN LN UJ UNI i 200 UN LA LA tG ao ho n o 5912 ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL CHAPTER 4 Page v 3 6 FORMATTING COMMANDS uuccossa HAHA m is ana 3712 3 60 1 Center apa Rg PA PA ANA 3 12 3 6 2 Format a o oononnannnaooa wara Ee miga 3 13 3 6 3 Width PAA n pum Re S PME LE 3 7 ENVIRONMENT COMMANDS ES AYY aai 3 13 Salad PUSH dye BENTONG view abe M wenn 3714 Silat POD eve ec Corer RUPEE Aegis aa cece 3 14 3 8 MEMORY SPLIT COMMANDS ce diu n A A aaa 3 14 3 8 1 Split AE mra EE wis WG EE 3 14 KE UNSDETT auae aww Mire d ucma oou Rr a RI e CR a EA 3 14 3 9 EDIT aaa EE alae PU ad e Gaw Ead Gma GG 3 15 Se TU PAGE A GA ba ae ra aa EES ste Paa 3 15 3 11 MARGIN N ge DA xn E Reuse Edad ws ua 3715 3 12 BLANKS can gawa a cw wee aa Wd E weve 3716 3 13 PARAMETER SETTING COMMANDS SC wes a sm su ww we 3716 3 13 1 Text boo lean acea wh de 3 16 3 13 2 Wrap boolean een 3717 3 13 3 Searchfold boolean icc nawa 3717 3 13 4 Sblk boolean ee NNN RN NNN AN ana 3717
6. a blank These rules also apply to tab fields If the cursor finds itself in the middle of a tab field after moving from one Line to another it moves left until it encounters a character If you have been trying the examples above on the computer try some experimenting now Get the feel of the commands already introduced While you are at it type in a couple of pages of text You will need a couple of pages of text to try out the commands in the next section GETTING STARTED Page 1 9 1 13 PAGE COMMANDS We have already Learned how to move the cursor up and down in the file one Line at a time Often however we want to move much faster than this Four commands are available to move an entire page at one time The first is Control The HOME key produces this character on SOROC and Lear Siegler terminals This command moves the cursor to the beginning of the entire file The Control T command moves the cursor down a page one screenful usually 24 Lines at a time Control R moves the cursor up one page The final page command is Control E which moves the cursor to the last line in the file When you use a Control E the Last 1 4 of the screen is filled with asterisks that signify the end of the file 1 14 MANIPULATING LINES We already know how to add Lines to the end of a file but suppose we need to add more Lines in the middle of a file VUE provides for this need First move the cursor to the beginning of the Line Then press Con
7. a marked block to a printer named LISTER with the command 3unyank trm lister COMMAND MODE Page 3 6 3 3 7 Dir The Dir command is used to find out what files are on the disk It is similar to the DIR command at AMOS command Level If no filename is specified all files with the same extension as the file being edited on the current account are listed Wildcard filenames are supported however wildcards are not allowed in the drive or PPN specifications and only one file specification is allowed multiple filenames separated by commas are not allowed Example assume editing PROG BAS gt dir x RET 7 list all files in current account 2dir 7 list all BAS files in the current account 2dir dsk0 init1 43 7 List all INI files in System Account 3 3 8 Erase This command is used to erase files on the disk It is usually used to erase temporary files created with the Unyank command or to free up space if you are using a floppy disk system If the extension is omitted VUE assumes the extension of the file you are editing The erase command does not support wildcards gt erase sub1 mac erase the file SUBI MAC from the disk 3 4 STRING SEARCH AND STRING REPLACE COMMANDS VUE has five commands for Locating and replacing strings The string to be Located or replaced is specified following the command as with any command that accepts a parameter If a replacement string is required VUE prompts you for the second strin
8. boolean argument is either true or false or any truncation of these words For example t tr and true all represent the boolean value TRUE If desired a T may be placed into the INI VUE file This will cause all Lines following to be echoed to the console as they are processed just as with CMD and DO files Any Line beginning with a semicolon is ignored 4 3 1 Default extension This assigns the default extension The extension must consist of three valid RAD5O characters uppercase only The default extension if none is assigned in the INI file is MAC Example default TXT This statement makes the default extension TXT 4 3 2 Help boolean This statement enables the display of a help menu in Command mode if HELP is assigned a value of true If enabled the available editing space is reduced because the menu takes up some of your editing room When this statement is processed VUE searches for a file named MENU VUE in the same way that it searched for INI VUE However VUE does not search for MEM MENU VUE If found VUE reads the menu into memory Each time you enter Command mode the menu is displayed Normally the menu contains a complete reference of VUE commands but the user may change the file if he would Like to modify or replace the menu The value of HELP defaults to false if the HELP statement does not appear in the INI file EXECUTING VUE Page 4 4 Example help true This statement enables
9. case of our last example with the cursor at column 9 VUE adds a tab character to the line this moves us up to column 16 and adds the operand field If we hit the next field key again VUE adds enough tabs to the Line to get us to the comment column in this case 3 tabs to get us to column 40 VUE then automatically adds the comment character to the line and moves the cursor past it If the SPACE feature is enabled VUE also automatically adds a space after the comment character Once the cursor is in the comment field entering another next field character has no effect on the text file except for inserting that character into the file if it is a printable character NOTE When editing a text file extension TXT VUE sees the entire file as a comment field the next field character has no effect 2 4 4 3 Folding Another feature active in Entry Mode is character folding This means that VUE changes all characters you enter from lower to upper case unless they are in a comment field This makes it easy to have upper case program statements and Lower case comments Simply Leave the keyboard in Lower case and VUE will do the rest This feature is disabled when editing text files extension TXT you may also disable it in the INI VUE file SCREEN MODE Page 2 12 2 4 4 4 Line Insert The final feature available in Entry Mode is line insert after carriage return When in Entry Mode a line is inserted after every carriage return entered
10. characters it produces Often it is desirable to repeat a given key many times in a row Many terminals provide a repeat function for this purpose This function is implemented in two ways Some terminals Like SOROC IQ120s will repeat a key if it is held down for more than a second Other terminals like Lear Siegler ADM 3s provide a separate REPEAT key This REPEAT key works much Like the SHIFT and CONTROL keys in that it must be held down at the same time as the key you want repeated As long as both keys are held down the desired character will be repeated about 10 times a second Throughout this manual we have adopted some graphic conventions to make our examples clearer For instance underlined characters indicate those Characters that the computer prints on your terminal display For example you will often see examples that begin with an underlined dot The underlined dot is the AMOS prompt symbol the symbol that the operating system displays when it is ready for you to enter a command The characters in the examples that you are supposed to type are not underlined Another example is this symbol RET This is the symbol that represents the special key usually Labeled RETURN or RET At the end of a Line that you are supposed to type in it means press the RETURN key GETTING STARTED Page 1 3 1 2 FILES The floppy diskette or disk pack on which the computer stores information is capable of storing hundreds of thou
11. disk and then return you to the operating system For example AlphaVue 2 4 Status space fold srchfold text Editing LETTER TXT 24856 bytes free margin O Page 12 gt FINISH 1 15 3 Re editing a File After you have finished editing your new file and have returned to the operating system you may need to re edit the file again to correct errors or to expand or revise it To do so simply type VUE followed by the name of the file you want to edit This is the same procedure as when you created a new file However since the file already exists VUE does not ask if you want to create it For example to re edit your letter type vue letter AlphaVue Version 2 4 Loading LETTER TXT VUE tells us it has found the file and is loading it into internal memory As the file is read into internal memory VUE prints a period as every 64th Line is read in This is simply to Let you know that everything is proceeding normally When the entire file has been read in the screen switches to a display of the first page of your file You are now in Screen mode and may begin re editing your file 1 15 4 Quitting an Editing Session Since VUE provides so many powerful functions for editing your file it is possible to edit your file to death For instance you may accidentally erase 50 Lines of text you really wanted to keep If this happens the GUIT command can be used to restore those 50 Lines The QUIT command returns you to the operating system
12. e g Column 25 3 13 1 Text boolean This command turns Text Mode on off For a complete description of Text Mode see Section 2 5 2 Text Mode 3 13 2 Wrap boolean This command turns Wrap Mode on off When Wrap Mode is on VUE automatically supplies carriage returns during text entry For a complete description of Wrap Mode see Section 2 5 3 Wrap Mode COMMAND MODE Page 3 17 Example 2wrap true 7 turn on Wrap Mode 3 13 3 Searchfold boolean This command turns the SEARCHFOLD flag on and off For a detailed explanation of what this flag does see Section 3 4 STRING SEARCH AND STRING REPLACE COMMANDS When this flag is on the word srchfold appears on the VUE Status Line when in Command mode 3 13 4 Sblk boolean This command enables disables searches only in marked blocks If Sblk is set to true search operations only locate strings within marked blocks if such blocks exist 3 13 5 Indent boolean This command enables disables Indent Mode For a detailed description of Indent Mode see Section 2 5 5 Indent Mode When Indent Mode is on the word indent appears on the VUE Status Line 3 13 6 Help boolean This command enables disables the printing of the menu when you are in Command mode it has no effect if the menu was not enabled in the INI VUE file 3 13 7 Comment character This command sets the current comment character used by Entry Mode and the Format command COMMAND MODE Page 3 18 Ex
13. into the current file This allows boilerplate type operations such as putting together a custom real estate document from a number of standard paragraphs In addition the original forms of Yank and Unyank no Longer Leave blank Lines hanging around when editing Long files To specify a yank or unyank from a separate file follow the command with the name of the desired file instead of a number of Lines See Section 3 3 4 Section 3 3 5 Dir and Erase These commands are useful with the new Yank and Unyank commands They allow you to look at the disk and to erase temporary files See Section 3 3 6 Section 3 3 7 A 2 2 Searches Searches now allow for ambiguous search strings wildcards New search commands allow searching from the current cursor Location and searching files Larger than memory In addition a number of inconvenient bugs in these commands have been fixed Next This command is similar to the Search command However it starts searching at the current cursor location See Section 3 4 2 Whole This command searches entire files even if the file is bigger than memory See Section 3 4 3 Replace and Global It is now possible to escape while entering the replacement string by typing Control C or ESC In addition both Control C and ESC are now accepted to terminate a replace operation as well as See Section 3 4 4 Section 3 4 5 VUE 2 4 RELEASE NOTES Page A 3 A 2 3 Block Commands The block comman
14. is the same as the default extension COCONUT EE COMMAND MODE Page 3 4 MAC Ke MACRO filename BAS aira COMPIL filename TXT gt TXTFMT filename CMD gt FILENAME CMD LSP gt LISP Y loads in extended Library DSKIN filname PDL gt PDLFMT filename INI LOG DSK0 1 4 this reboots the system MONTST SYSTEM FILENAME INI Example AlphaVue 2 4 Status space fold srchfold text pate fota srchfold text Editing OEFIL BAS 12245 bytes free margin 0 Page 20 Ki Deen COMPIL OEFIL 3 3 6 Quit This command returns you to AMOS command Level without updating your file It is useful if you ve made irretrievable editing mistakes during the current editing session The temporary output file is erased and the original source and backup files are not disturbed 3 3 5 Yank n or Yank filename This command has two forms The first form accepts a numeric parameter In that case n Lines of text from the source file are read and appended to the end of the text already in memory If the number of Lines is not specified as many lines will be appended as will fit into memory Example gt yank 50 read the next 50 Lines from the input file on disk and append them to the text in memory men COMMAND MODE Page 3 5 The second form of the command accepts a filename rather than a number In this case the specified file is read in and inserted into the text at the current cursor location If the exte
15. may need over 30 of these special keys bringing the number of characters required to over 120 In order to allow these extra characters to be entered without doubling the size of the keyboard most keys are given a third definition The third definition is activated by a key that operates in a manner similar to the SHIFT key called the CONTROL key As with the SHIFT key the CONTROL key GETTING STARTED Page 1 2 is depressed simultaneously with another key to produce a character with a different meaning For instance to erase a word in VUE the CONTROL and V keys are pressed simultaneously From now on all references to these control characters will be made in the form Control V where this means press the CONTROL and V keys simultaneously Some control characters are used so often that terminal manufacturers have added special keys for them so that they can be produced by hitting a single key Unfortunately some of the keys have not been standardized so that a similar key on two different terminals may produce different results The following control keys are implemented on nearly all terminals return Control M Linefeed Control L backspace Control H tab Control I escape Control L or ESC These keys are used often so it is a good idea to familiarize yourself with their Locations on your terminal Many terminals provide other special control keys The manual for your terminal should be consulted to find out what control
16. menu of all available commands is displayed Once you have found the command you want hit ESC again to return to normal text viewing In addition to the control character menu additional menus may be available More information on these additional menus is given in the section on Command mode GETTING STARTED Page 1 6 1 7 INSERTING AND DELETING CHARACTERS Many times you will make a typing error and not notice it for quite some time Or you may simply wish to change the middle of a Line at a later date With VUE this is no problem For instance suppose you typed in the string Now is the tme for all go od men Of course you really meant time and good To fix the problem first move the cursor to the m in tme Then press Control f ALL the characters to the right of the cursor move right one character Leaving a blank at the cursor position Now is the t me for all go od men You may now type in the i correcting the first error The second error may now be corrected Move the cursor to the blank between go and od Then depress Control D The blank will disappear and the entire Line to the right shifts left to fill the space The Line is now correct Sometimes it is necessary to insert a lot of characters It is then inconvenient to type in a lot of Control Fs A special mode is provided for this purpose called auto insert mode When in this mode every character typed in activates an automatic insert This mode is to
17. on appears to be the Last Line of the file While the file is split the word split appears on the Status Line and lines of amp s appear as the end of file marker instead of the usual asterisks 3 8 2 Unsplit The Unsplit command performs the exact inverse of the Split command It reattaches the text that was detached with the Split command If no text has been split off the Unsplit command has no effect The Unsplit command is executed automatically before any disk transfer operations are attempted Specifically the Finish Go Save Yank and Unyank commands all perform an automatic Unsplit before they begin ps COMMAND MODE Page 3 15 3 9 EDIT The Edit command exits Command mode and returns you to Screen mode VUE displays the page you were editing when you entered Command mode This command is equivalent to typing ESC while in Command mode 3 10 PAGE N The Page command allows you to move the cursor to a specific screen page VUE returns you to Screen mode and moves the cursor to the page of the number you ve specified If there is no sign in front of the number the cursor is moved to the absolute page specified by the number If there is a sign in front of the number the number is taken as an offset from the current page Examples gt page 5 GE 7 moves the cursor to page 5 gt page 3 moves the cursor forward 3 pages gt page 6 moves the cursor back 6 pages Note that the definition of a page is one
18. than 510 characters VUE does not execute the Concatenate Line command instead it rings the terminal bell 2 2 11 RETURN To move the cursor to the beginning of the next line type a RETURN sometimes Labeled RET on your keyboard If you are already at the end of your text a RETURN creates a new line by entering a carriage return symbol If you are in entry mode you can also cause RETURN to begin a new Line of text even if you are not at the end of text see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode This is very useful when you are entering new text into the middle of a file 2 2 12 Next Match Control X To find the next occurrence of a string you entered to the Search command see Section 3 4 1 Search type a Control X The display on the screen is of the page in the text file in which the string occurs The cursor is at the beginning of the found string To look for the next occurrence of the string in the file type another Control X If VUE cannot find another occurrence of the string it returns to Command mode 2 3 CONTROL COMMANDS Control commands do not change the text or move the cursor but they do select various editing modes and perform special control functions 2 3 1 ESCAPE The ESCAPE key sometimes labeled ESC or ALT MODE on your keyboard enables you to switch between Screen and Command modes You may enter Command mode at any time while editing by typing an ESCAPE You may return to Screen mode by typing an ESCAPE aft
19. the display of the command menu 4 3 3 Start location This statement determines the cursor starting location of VUE after the file is read in Normally if this statement is not in the INI file VUE enters Screen mode at the beginning of the file as if the HOME key had been hit This statement allows VUE to start up in three Locations if location home l VUE starts up normally at the home position in Screen mode if location end VUE starts up in Screen mode at the end of file if location command VUE starts up in Command mode Example Start command This statement causes VUE to enter Command mode when started 4 3 4 Go command string This statement allows the user to specify the command string to be executed when the GO command is invoked see Section 3 3 2 Go The command string may be any sequence of characters including RETURNS and Linefeeds The string is terminated by a dollar sign The percent sign X is treated as a special character It is replaced by the name of the file being edited The new command string will only be used if the file you are editing has the current default extension Example Go COMPIL Z This statement causes the file being edited to be compiled by the BASIC compiler if the GO command is used and if the extension of the file being edited is the same as the default extension EXECUTING VUE l Page 4 5 NOTE The GO command string cannot be Longer than 100 characters but can be mor
20. to the terminal display width EXECUTING VUE Page 4 8 4 3 16 Wildcard wildcard characters This statement sets the wildcard characters used in the search commands If this statement does not appear in the INI file the default of wildcard is assumed The statement wildcard turns off the wildcard feature 4 3 17 Entry boolean This statement allows you to automatically turn on Entry Mode Normally Entry Mode is toggled on off with the Control key in Screen mode The Entry statement in INI VUE automatically turns on Entry Mode if set to true 4 3 18 Sblk boolean If set to true this statement forces searches to only find strings in marked blocks if they exist It corresponds to the Sblk command in Command mode 4 3 19 Delta number This statement allows you to set the autoincrement used for line numbering in BASIC programs If not set it defaults to 5 4 3 20 Control boolean If set to true this statement allows control characters to exist in the file If a file is to be read in containing control characters this flag must be set in the INI VUE file NOTE When editing LST files VUE defaults to Control true automatically 4 3 21 Smart boolean This statement enables disables the intelligent terminal screen handling routines If a terminal has hardware insert and delete Line functions such as an ADM1 ADM2 or Hazeltine 1500 this flag should be set true to enable improved screen handling The default
21. value is false If a release 4 4 or Later terminal driver is available this flag is unnecessary EXECUTING VUE Page 4 9 Example Smart true This enables the intelligent terminal handling 4 3 22 Dumb boolean This statement enables disables dumb terminal handling When this flag is enabled VUE assumes that the terminal does not provide the erase to end of line and erase to end of screen functions and simulates them for you This is useful for terminals like the ADM3A If a release 4 4 or later terminal driver is available this flag is unnecessary 4 4 SAMPLE INI VUE FILE The following is a sample INI VUE file that might be used by a BASIC programmer getting acquainted with VUE default BAS help true go COMPIL RUN 45 delta 10 comment field 9 The first line of the file sets the default extension to BAS since our hypothetical programmer will be mostly editing BASIC programs To edit a file named LEDGER BAS simply type VUE LEDGER VUE automatically fills in the extension of BAS from the INI VUE file The second Line of the file turns on the menu display Since our programmer is just getting familiar with VUE the menu will help him to remember the commands The third and fourth Lines set the GO command string When VUE is exited with the GO command the file being edited is automatically compiled and run if it is a BASIC program The fifth Line sets the autoincrement line numbering value to 10 This is used w
22. 10 Insert boolean This statement tells VUE to insert a new line every time a carriage return is hit in Entry Mode see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode The default value is true Example insert true This enables the line insert feature 4 5 11 Fold boolean This statement tells VUE to fold all characters not in comment fields to upper case while in Entry Mode see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode The default value is true Example fold false This disables the folding option EXECUTING VUE Page 4 7 4 3 12 Field character This statement sets the next field character used in Entry Mode see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode The character is specified as a decimal number which corresponds to the ASCII value of the character Normally this character defaults to a space decimal 32 Example Fieldz9 This statement sets the next field character to the tab key decimal 9 4 3 13 Searchfold boolean This statement enables disables the search option of ignoring upper lower case when searching see Section 3 13 3 Searchfold The default value is true Example Searchfold true This forces the search command to ignore case 4 5 14 Indent boolean This statement enables disables Indent Mode see Section 2 5 5 Indent Mode The default value is false Example Indent t rue This enables Indent Mode when VUE is started 4 3 15 Width tnumber This statement sets the text formatting width Normally this width defaults
23. 3 13 5 Indent boolean ee aa NNN NN un 3 17 3 13 6 Help boolean Viele a avers e gU wee 3 17 3 13 7 Comment character a a E 3 13 8 COLUMN N coe Ta GD aka EORR Lx Es 3413 9 FAeldonn evsecesze ae iaa 9718 3 13 10 Insert boolean macia ao 3 18 3 13 11 Fold boolean s ossa aa aan aw bat visa 3519 3 13 12 Space boolean TII 3719 Va e ee E Qe SEN eene 3719 3 13 14 Control boolean see enna een Dt 3 13 15 Smart boolean wuscccenccecuccccncccuue 3 19 3 13 16 Abbreviations o nooononnannoooo e 3 20 EXECUTING VUE 4 1 INVOKING VUE Beceem cece eee nl 4 1 1 Options EE B ISE nA a ea 4 1 4 1 2 Filename unuwanaaanaasaaaa woman m ara a Dee 4 1 3 Extension a imide Ga RR M RE am mee un aw 422 4 2 ERROR RECOVERY aatesenansessaanaccsusaconsaenzucus 472 4 3 INITIALIZATION FILE INI VUE E er 422 4 3 1 Defaultzextension cessas 4 3 4 3 2 Helpzboolean ee e EA 4 3 amp 3 5 Start 2L0CBETON seg d nus SANS SN 4 4 4 3 4 Go command strings Weide aln WG Wa MR Re 4 4 4 3 5 Text boolean asia dates naasa nanaga 455 4 3 6 Wrap boolean PA 4 5 4 3 7 Comment character nononnnnanononoaooo 4 5 4 3 8 Column comment column da a 4 5 4 3 9 Spacezboolean oonnnnnocncnncancnnnana 4 6 4 3 10 Insert boolean unaaanaannanoaa 4TO 4 3 11 Foldsboolean in wm am ga sanos a 426 4 3 12 Fieldscharacter cssseccacaccccoce sas 4 6 4 3 13 Searchfold boolean rr eo 4 7 4 3 14 Indent bo
24. Comment Control Default Field Fold u GO wx Help Indent Insert Searchfold Smart Space Start Text Wrap aaae Whole command Wrap Mode Yank command FE s t o Se ae ae ee 13 P P Pod Pd EP 0p UUPA O zl Gd PONO CN CO Un Un To 3 EFP EE P P PE P jos un CO l Page Index 5 O
25. I 3 2 COMMAN 3 5 COMMAN 3 3 1 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 35349 3 3 6 3 3 7 3 3 8 3 4 STRING 3 4 1 3 4 2 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 5 3 4 6 3 5 BLOCK 3 5 1 3 5 2 3 5 35 3 5 4 N EDITING MODES Ending Page Control E 9 Rm Ew n m Page Down Control T eneeannnaaa Page Up ControL R Center Cursor Control S c n Insert Line Split Line Control B Delete Line Control Z X Concatenate Lines Control 0 RETURN eu Next Match Control X E drag L COMMANDS ESCAPE r Break ContholeC dag da Kana BG aa Toggle Entry Mode Control Toggle Character Insert Mode Control idas aaa a ia Setting Block Markers Control P Absolute Character Insert Control G Character Insert Mode csse Text Mode eanananeanaaan echte Nee Wrap Mode Ae REN EN EE RE RR ah pus MODO mc sp ne e Fields Guan aam d iM na x Next field uia rwy RE Ea POG TG EENEG Line Insert 6 ES cua NGA KAN Entry Mode with BASIC files Auto Line Numbering Indent Mode A Sosa Fe E 2 2 2 2 2 E NG COMMAND MODE re e D FORMAT LA EE pegeapeggeneeeeen egenen ann pen DS THAT ACCESS THE DISK Finish DANG oua a GRAN RACES NG BAD Ga REENEN Go TAAS ANGAL ANG RANA KLRGC ota Quit Yank tn or Yank filename Unyank n or Unyank filename Dir TANAGA RAHA KANG HG ANGDGD EERSTEN CN NENNEN ENEE o SEARCH AND STRING REPLACE COMMANDS Search Next
26. RY If an error occurs while writing out the output file for instance the disk is write protected VUE gives you a chance to recover It prompts you with an error message describing the error and indicates that a copy of your text is stored in a memory module IMAGE VUE This module may be saved using the SAVE command from AMOS command Level and then re edited by VUE NOTE The module does not contain any linefeeds and will look odd if you try to DRE or print it Rerediting it with VUE restores the linefeeds 4 3 INITIALIZATION FILE INI VUE When VUE is invoked it Looks for a file named INI VUE If found this file is read in and processed The file consists of a series of assignment statements which modify VUE parameters This allows you to personalize VUE VUE searches for INI VUE in three PPNs Assuming that your ppn is CP PNJ the search order is EXECUTING VUE Page 4 3 1 MEM searches in user memory partition 2 CP PNJ searches in your account 3 CcP 0 searches on project Library account 4 7 0 searches on system library account DSKO The format of the assignments is parameter argument The assignments may be in upper or lower case In each case the parameter is assigned the value of the argument The assignments may be in any order and any parameter not assigned a value will retain its default value Each assignment must start on the first character of a line Several parameters require boolean arguments A
27. Terminals To move the cursor up to the previous line type a Control K When you reach the beginning of the text the cursor stops As you type Control Ks if you try to move the cursor past the top of the screen VUE moves the screen display down 12 lines and the cursor is in the middle of the screen at the line that was previously off of the screen As the cursor moves up the screen it stays in the same column position unless it encounters a tab or a blank Line see Section 1 9 Tabs Some terminals like ADM2s support reverse scrolling On these terminals VUE will scroll the display down one Line when it reaches the top of the screen instead of 12 lines as described above 2 2 3 Home Control or HOME Key on SOROC and Lear Siegler Terminals To move the cursor to the beginning of the first Line of text type a Control or hit the HOME key The first page of text is displayed with the cursor in the upper left hand corner of the display SCREEN MODE Page 2 5 2 2 4 Ending Page Control E To move the cursor to the end of the Last page of your text type a Control E The cursor appears at the beginning of the last line of text The lower 1 4 of the screen display consists of Lines of asterisks indicating that you are seeing the end of the text file 2 2 5 Page Down Control T To move the cursor one page down in your text type a Control T The next page of text is displayed 1f the cursor position before the Page Down com
28. This is handy when entering blocks of text in the middle of the file You may disable this feature in the INI VUE 2 4 4 5 Entry Mode with BASIC files Auto Line Numbering When editing BASIC files extension of BAS the operation of Entry Mode is slightly modified The second operand field disappears the comment character is set to the exclamation mark the next field character becomes a tab and the comment field normally begins at column 56 The most important feature however is auto line numbering When Entry Mode is on and a new line is started entering a TAB produces a Line number followed by a tab The text of the Line may then be typed in normally If desired pressing TAB again moves the cursor out to the comment field and adds the comment character just as with assembly Language programs As with assembly Language programs the comment field is fully configurable To calculate the line number VUE looks up the line number on the preceding Line It then adds the current auto increment value normally 5 and enters the number on the new Line 2 4 5 Indent Mode Indent Mode is designed for use with structured languages like Pascal It is enabled by the Indent command in the initialization file and Command mode Its purpose is to make easier the task of editing programs with indented blocks of text When Indent Mode is on the action of RETURN and the Beginning of Line Control U command is modified Both commands now move
29. UE prints a period for every 64 lines that it reads in from the file While the file is being read in you may interrupt VUE and return to AMOS command level by pressing Control C When VUE finishes reading in the text it displays the first page of text if the INI VUE is set up so that you enter in Screen mode and you can begin to edit your text If the desired file is not found VUE asks if you want to create the file If you enter Y and a RETURN VUE creates the file and you can begin to edit If you answer anything else VUE returns you to AMOS command level 4 1 INVOKING VUE The format for invoking VUE is as follows VUE options FILENAMEC EXT RET Parameters in curly brackets are optional 4 1 1 Options The only option presently supported is the noyank option This option disables the reading in of the input file when VUE is invoked VUE then automatically comes up in Command mode so that you may yank in a specific number of Lines EXECUTING VUE Page 4 2 Example vue noyank letter txt RET this invokes VUE but does not cause any text to be read in 4 1 2 Filename Filename specifies the name of the file you are editing If not present a FILE SPECIFICATION ERROR results 4 1 3 Extension Extension specifies the extension of the file being edited If the filetype is missing VUE uses the default extension of MAC You may change the default extension in the VUE initialization file 4 2 ERROR RECOVE
30. a already text text read in already memory output t tema Hom VUE creates the output file at the beginning of the editing session It is given the same name as the source file but an extension of TMP When the editing session is complete the output file is renamed to match the extension of the original source file the source file s extension is then changed to BAK to indicate a backup file This way the source file is not modified unless the editing session is successful and you always have a copy of the original source file after each editing session NOTE Because of this backup facility you cannot edit files with extension BAK or TMP Normally when VUE is first executed it reads in as much of the source file aS it possibly can If the file does not fit into memory about 500 free bytes are left If desired you can disable this initial Load with the noyank option when you invoke VUE see Chapter 4 EXECUTING VUE Sometimes it is necessary to edit files that are larger than the memory available Usually in these cases it is best to try to break the file up into smaller pieces But if this is not possible the file may be edited by COMMAND MODE Page 3 3 reading part of the file into memory with the Yank command editing it and then writing this to the output file with the Unyank command This procedure is repeated until the entire file has bee
31. able only in another mode called COMMAND MODE In this mode the text you are editing is not visible This mode is used for non text related commands like reading from and writing to the disk To get into Command mode when you are in Screen mode simply type ESC The screen is cleared then VUE displays the name of the file it is editing and the amount of free space GETTING STARTED Page 1 10 left in memory NOTE If the amount of free space gets under approximately 500 bytes some of your file should be written to the disk See the Unyank command Section 3 3 5 Unyank VUE then prints the menu Finally a will appear on the fifth Line of the screen The is the VUE prompt symbol which means that VUE is in Command mode and is waiting for your command If while in Command mode you decide to go back to Screen mode simply press the ESC key You are immediately returned to Screen mode The rest of this chapter discusses a few of the commands you can use while in Command mode NOTE These commands can be altered on your system within a certain range to help meet specific needs For the most part in this manual we will assume that you are using VUE with all parameters set as they came on your System Disk 1 15 1 Getting Help in Command mode Normally when Command mode comes up it prints a menu of screen control commands After the first command or just a RETURN is entered however a new menu is displayed Usually this menu descr
32. ample gt comment 7 this sets the comment character as the exclamation point as in BASIC 3 13 8 Column n This command sets the current comment column used by Entry Mode we recommend that this number be a multiple of eight Example gt column 56 this command sets the comment column to 56 3 13 9 Field n This command defines the next field character used by Entry Mode The number n is the decimal value of the ASCII code of the character to be used For example space is 32 and tab is 9 Example gt field 9 7 this sets the next field character to tab 3 13 10 Insert boolean This statement enables disables the insertion of a new Line after every RETURN see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode When this flag is on the word insert appears on the VUE Status Line when in Command mode COMMAND MODE Page 3 19 Example gt insert true enables Line insertion 3 13 11 Fold boolean This command enables disables the comment folding feature in entry mode When this flag is on the word fold appears on the VUE Status Line when in Command mode 3 13 12 Space boolean This command enables disables the generation of a space after every comment character in Entry Mode When this feature js on the word space appears on the VUE Status Line when in Command mode 3 13 13 Deltan This command sets a new autoincrement Line number value when editing BASIC files in Entry Mode If no value is supplied the command is igno
33. and Control P is used To define a block of text move the cursor to one end of the desired block Press Control P The Line the cursor is on is redisplayed in reduced intensity Now move the cursor to the other end of the desired block and press Control P again The entire block of text is now redisplayed in reduced intensity Until the markers are cleared in Command mode See Section 3 5 4 Clear all the text in the marked block will appear in lower intensity You may edit text in the block and any new text inserted into the block also appears in low intensity The size of the block may be varied by moving the cursor and pressing Control P again If the cursor is above the top of the current block the block is extended upwards If the cursor is below the top of the current block the cursor position replaces the old bottom of the block Some terminals do not support reduced intensity display The Control P command will work on these terminals however it is not very convenient because the block is not visible For such terminals an alternate method of defining blocks is available using delimiting symbols in the text The delimiters are SCREEN MODE Page 2 8 x start block of text La end block of text Example text in a file xthis is some text hi there The example delimits the string this is some text For more information on blocks see Section 3 5 BLOCK OPERATIONS 2 3 6 Absolute Character Insert Co
34. and mode Comment a a a o Concatenate Line command Control characters Form feed Control characters in file Control commands Break 4 wx eS ESCAPE a a eon Toggle character insert Toggle entry mode Copy Block command CURSOR aa Cursor control commands Backspace Beginning of Line Center Cursor Down End of Line Ending Page Forward a 5 5 B 8 gp 3s 5 c 5 Qe p Index 2 11 2 2 2 11 2 2 3 16 3 11 1 12 2 7 3 11 2 6 UA O n N N U o UN l AO DIOS eT E LI zw D 0000 y HOU 09m U y U 0 H Ui UN Un nOn Page Index 1 ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL INDEX Page Index 2 Go to Next Word s e a 2 3 Go to Previous Word 2 3 HOME Xerox e WI a ul Page DOWN s NEEN apos 0 2 5 Page UP aw xoc roo Gk a ces Up ae ose CRUS Se pp wes om e ed Delete Block command 3 12 Delete Line command a 2 5 Delete to End of Line command 2 3 Delete Word command 2 3 Deleting characters a 2 1 to 2 3 Deleting Lines 2 3 Deleting words 2 3 Directory command yu 3 6 Disk access commands 3 2 DIE d E e r Na E Y TRES 3 6 Erase 2 ee ew ew o ww rv 3b Finished A xo a NG 33 CLR PIC T UnYank de ve MI A A Bah DOWN command es s ae s a a 2 4 Edit command seas es lt a a a 3 15 End command a
35. and mode then enter the command MOVE followed by a carriage return VUE will move the block of text to the new Location and return you to Screen mode The block is removed from its old position If desired you can copy the block instead of moving it In this case the block is copied to the new location but the old copy is not removed To do this mark the block as for a move but enter the command COPY instead of MOVE GETTING STARTED Page 1 14 Also the marked block may simply be removed from the text with the command DELETE The text found after the deleted block is brought together with any text that preceded the deleted block When you are through with the marked block it may be unmarked with the CLEAR command This restores all the text to full intensity Some terminals Like ADM3As do not have the reduced intensity feature See Chapter 3 Command Mode for methods for moving blocks of text with these terminals CHAPTER 2 SCREEN MODE VUE has 29 commands that you can use while in Screen mode you ll use these commands to rapidly position the cursor to any point in your text and to add and delete characters and words If any command is unclear experiment The result of any screen command is immediately visible so there is never any question as to what is happening to your text What you see is what you get NOTE Some terminal drivers may redefine the control characters used to activate VUE commands In particu
36. are on more than one Line NOTE 2 The search and replace commands are affected by the operation of the SBLK flag If this flag is set and if a block is marked in the text only strings that are within the marked block will be affected by the search and replace operations This is especially useful with the Global command 3 4 1 Search Type Search the string of characters you are looking for and a RETURN Remember to separate the Search command and the search string with a space VUE searches in the text for the string you ve specified if it finds it VUE displays the page on which the string was found If it didn t find it VUE displays the message string not found in file The search always starts at the beginning of the file COMMAND MODE Page 3 8 This command has two side effects 1 It returns to Screen mode 2 The specified string will be used for subsequent Next Match operations see Section 2 3 12 Next Match Control X Example 2search LABEL 7 searches for the string LABEL 3 4 2 Next The Next command is similar to the Search command However instead of starting the search at the beginning of the file the Next command starts at the current cursor position Example 2next LABEL searches for the string LABEL starting at the current position 3 4 5 Whole The Whole command is also similar to the Search command As with the search command it begins searching for the speci
37. ch sch sch smb sch sch mb hb sch l3 l3 5 6 t pn 8 po aA ANN O NO 1 15 5 Searching sana ULAN kA baa AA saasas 1 12 1 15 6 Replacing Text cang a naaa ra sw see 1713 1 15 7 Moving Blocks of Text 1 13 CHAPTER 2 SCREEN MODE 2 1 LINE EDITING COMMANDS saananasonanuanaasaaaana C7 2 1 1 Forward Control L or right arrow key on some terminals BG We d ww di O72 2 1 2 Backspace Control H or Left arrow key on some terminals ccunanaao 2 2 2 1 3 Delete RUBOUT area un ard Ra 2 2 2 1 4 Insert Control F e 222 2 1 5 Scrunch Control D A 2 2 2 1 6 Go to Beginning of Line Control U 2 2 2 1 7 Go to End of Line Control N 2 3 2 1 8 Delete to End of Line Control Y 2 3 2 1 9 Go to Next Word Control W 2 3 2 1 10 Go to Previous Word Control A 2 3 2 1 11 Delete Word Control V seen 2 3 2 1 12 Erase Line Control RUBOUT enn 274 2 2 FILE EDITING COMMANDS sanas aaa na 274 2 2 1 Down Control J or Down Arrow Key or Linefeed Key on some terminals 2 4 2 2 2 Up Control K or Up Arrow Key on SOROC Terminals uuaaaanuancanaaasao 2 4 2 2 3 Home Control or HOME Key on SOROC and Lear Siegler Terminals s 2 4 ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL 2 2 4 2 2 5 2 2 6 2 2 7 2 2 8 2 2 9 2 2 10 2 2 11 2 2 12 2 3 CONTRO 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 4 2 3 5 2 3 6 2 4 SCREE 2 4 1 2 4 2 2 4 3 2 4 4 2 5 5 CHAPTER 3 COMMAND MOD 3 1 ENTER
38. ch the word appears with the cursor on the word itself You are now in Screen mode and can edit with the normal screen editing commands After Looking at and possibly editing the file around the first occurrence of the word CURSOR you may need to look at the next place in the file where the word CURSOR exists To do so press Control X If VUE finds another occurrence of the word CURSOR it displays the new location of the word and again allows you to look at and edit the area You may repeat this sequence until you have located every occurrence of the word CURSOR in the entire file When VUE cannot find the word you are searching for it returns you to Command mode so that another SEARCH command may be executed GETTING STARTED Page 1 13 1 15 6 Replacing Text Many times it is necessary to replace every occurrence of a word ina file with another word For instance you might want to change the word CRT to Terminal everywhere in the file VUE provides a command which does most of the work for you the REPLACE command The format of the REPLACE command is very similar to the SEARCH command an R or REPLACE followed by a blank followed by the word you want to replace VUE then displays a question mark to ask you what you want the word replaced with Let s try our example of replacing CRT with Terminal AlphaVue 2 4 Status space fold srchfold text Editing LETTER TXT 3064 bytes free margin O Page 2 gt REPLACE CRT 2Terminal VUE wi
39. diting with VUE the file can be considered to be a giant roll of paper 510 characters wide and as long as the file The cursor may be moved back and forth along a line just as the carriage can be moved on a typewriter Moving up and down in the file is analagous to rolling the paper back and forth in the typewriter Normally the file cannot be rolled past the end of the Last Line just as the typewriter cannot be advanced past the end of a sheet of paper Whenever rows of asterisks appear they indicate positions off the end of the file which cannot be reached As noted in the Last section when a new file is created most of the display is asterisks This is because a new file contains only one blank Line The rest of the screen is off the end of the roll Unlike ordinary paper however we can easily make the file Longer as if we were gluing an extra piece of paper onto the end Although the file may be as long as desired and up to 510 characters wide only a small portion of the file may be displayed at any one time Usually the terminal Limits us to 24 Lines by 80 characters but some are smaller and some Larger Therefore we can only Look at a small window of the file at a time When an attempt is made to move the cursor past the edge of this window for instance down from the bottom Line of the screen the cursor drags the window along with it Therefore by moving the cursor around in the file we can drag the window around in the
40. ds have been upgraded with an easier method of block definition In addition a block of text may be written to disk with the Unyank command and searches and replacments may be confined to marked blocks See Section 2 4 5 Section 3 3 5 A 2 4 Formatting Commands Format and Center operations may now be set to any line width Width This command sets the formatting width It is followed by a number which is used as the new width If no number is specified the width is reset to the terminal width See Section 3 6 3 A 2 5 Memory Split Commands Often when editing a Long file VUE takes a long time to perform operations which update the file In order to speed up this process VUE allows you to split the memory image of the file in half After the file is split only the first part of it can be edited However operation is much faster This is especially useful when adding new text near the beginning of an existing document Split This command splits the current memory image at the cursor location See Section 3 8 1 Unsplit This command is the exact inverse of the Split command It reattaches the text that was detached with the Split command If no text had been split off the Unsplit command has no effect The unsplit command is executed automatically before any disk transfer operations such as Finish Go Save Yank or Unyank See Section 3 8 2 A 2 6 New Menu Features AlphaVue now supports a new menu format which allows m
41. e first is the name of the menu The second is the number of the menu as defined by the offset table In other words the first menu in the offset table is menu 1 the second is menu 2 etc The name table is terminated with a null byte The third section of the menu definition is the actual text of each menu The text for each menu is normally preceded by a label which was used in the offset table Each Line of text is defined with the L macro This accepts one line of ASCII text and appends a carriage return linefeed to it Since most menus contain embedded blanks the assembler will require angle brackets around the text The Last Line of text in a menu is defined by the LL macro This macro terminates the text with a null byte instead of with a CRLF The first menu defined in the offset table is always used by VUE as the screen menu i e it is always displayed when VUE leaves Screen mode The second menu defined is initially the Command mode menu The sources for the standard AlphaVUE menu are included to aid in understanding menu generation Pai S ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL INDEX Auto Line Numbering Backspace command a BASIC files oo Beginning of Line command Blank Line Generation Block delimiting symbols Block Operations Break command Carriage return Center command Center Cursor command Character insert mode Clear command Column Command abbreviations Command format Comm
42. e than one line For example go TXTFMT HEADER X RENAME D X HEADER LST 4 3 5 Text boolean This statement enables disables Text Mode Normally VUE begins with Text Mode off However when editing a file with an extension of TXT Text Mode defaults to true 4 3 6 Wrap boolean This statement enables disables Wrap Mode If this statement does not appear in the INI VUE file Wrap Mode is initially off 4 3 7 Comment character This statement sets the comment character recognized by VUE in Entry Mode see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode The default character is the semicolon 3 unless a BAS file is being edited in which case it is the exclamation point Example comments This sets the comment character to the exclamation point which is used by BASIC 4 3 8 Column comment column This statement sets the normal starting column for comments This value is used in Entry Mode see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode The default value is 40 The default is 56 if you are editing a BASIC file The column is specified as a decimal number For best results multiples of eight are recommended EXECUTING VUE Page 4 6 a Example column 64 Sets the comment column to 64 4 3 9 Space boolean This statement generates a space after the comment character in Entry Mode see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode The default value is true Example space false This disables the generation of a space after the comment character 4 3
43. e was erased If Control Y is used somewhere besides the beginning of the Line only the Line to the right of the cursor is erased 1 9 TABS Tabs are used to columnize data A tab is entered either with the TAB key or with Control I The tab stops are set at every eight characters When first using VUE it may take a while to get used to the behavior of tabs Although they appear as several spaces on the screen they are stored internally as one character Therefore these spaces on the screen do not really exist You may recall that the cursor cannot be moved to a position where where there is no character such as beyond the end of a line The cursor also may not move into the middle of a tab field It may however move around a tab field As the cursor moves along a line with tab characters in it it will appear to jump across the tab areas Therefore a character may not be added in the middle of a tab field only at either end It s not really as confusing as it sounds A few minutes of practice and you ll be an expert 1 10 FORM FEEDS When VUE encounters a form feed a Control L in your text file it replaces the form feed with a Line of symbols This makes the page breaks easy to find When you leave VUE by using the F Finish command VUE converts the Line of symbols back into a single form feed You can safely use the symbol in your file VUE only converts a Line of symbols into a form feed if the Line is as wide as the scre
44. en 1 11 LONG LINES It was mentioned earlier that Lines in the file could be up to 510 characters long Unfortunately very few terminals are this wide so we can only Look at a small portion of such a Long Line at one time If we fill a Line on the screen with characters and then keep typing we find the characters we have already typed in moving to the left The characters at the Left end of the screen disappear The column at the extreme left of the screen is no longer column zero We can keep typing until the 510th character has been entered At that point the cursor no Longer advances By using the six cursor positioning commands we can move the cursor back and forth through our Line The window displayed will move around as necessary so we can view the entire Line GETTING STARTED Page 1 8 1 12 ADDING NEW LINES TO THE FILE Up to now all our operations have taken place on a single Line Real files however are nearly always Longer than one Line To add a new Line to the file press RETURN The cursor moves down to the beginning of the next Line and a row of asterisks disappears The file is now two Lines Long We can make the file as Long as we want by simply continuing to press RETURN Now that we have our new lines how can we move around in them Since the cursor is at the end of the file we probably want to go up To do so press Control k 0n some terminals the up arrow key corresponds to this control character The curs
45. er the Command mode prompt 2 3 2 Break Control C It is possible to enter many more commands to VUE than it can process immediately For example you might hold down the CONTROL and the Z keys and so enter 10 or 20 Delete Line commands VUE saves these commands that you enter until it can process them To clear the VUE storage area of SCREEN MODE Page 2 7 unprocessed commands type a Control C This is a useful thing to be able to do when you ve typed ahead a great many commands and you want to interrupt VUE from processing them all 2 3 3 Toggle Entry Mode Control Type a Control Control Backslash to leave or enter entry mode see Section 2 5 4 Entry Mode When you are in entry mode you see an uppercase I in the upper right hand corner of the screen display VUE reminds you that you have entered or left entry mode by sounding the terminal bell when you type a Control 2 3 4 Toggle Character Insert Mode Control Q To leave or enter character insert mode type a Control Q see Section 2 5 1 Character Insert Mode To remind you that you are in Character Insert Mode VUE displays an uppercase Q in the upper right hand corner of the screen 2 3 5 Setting Block Markers Control P AlphaVue supports a variety of operations on blocks of text Among other operations you can move copy and delete a block of text In order to operate on a block of text the block must be defined in some manner To define a block the comm
46. etely revised internally It is now possible to break out of VUE while it is initially reading in a file by pressing Control C VUE will now operate correctly with INI VUE in memory and it will find the menu on the system disk properly If desired a T may be placed in the INI VUE file so that the INI file is echoed as it is processed as with CMD and DO files A number of new initialization statements are available to control some of VUE s new features A 4 IMPROVED HARDWARE SUPPORT VUE now supports a new terminal driver format which allows non standard screen sizes and automatically determines what features a terminal has APPENDIX B NEW MENU FORMAT Version 2 4 and later of VUE support a new menu format which allows for multiple menu screens The old single menu format is still supported The old format consists of straight text terminated by a dollar sign To generate or modify a menu in the new format the macro assembler is used A Library file MENDEF MAC is supplied to assist in this process It defines several macros which are used to define menus and sets up the header which VUE uses to differentiate the new menu format from the old format The actual menu definition consists of three sections The first is a table of offsets to each menu The table is terminated by a null word The second section is a table of names for each menu Each table entry is defined with the SCREEN macro The SCREEN macro requires two arguments Th
47. f Line Control N To move the cursor to the end of the current line type a Control N If the Line is Longer than the screen width the left margin is shifted so that the end of the Line is on the screen 2 1 8 Delete to End of Line Control Y To delete all of the characters at and to the right of the cursor until the end of the Line type a Control Y 2 1 9 Go to Next Word Control W To move the cursor to the beginning of the next word type a Control W As you type Control Ws the cursor continues to move to the right until it reaches the end of the Line The cursor stops at the end of the line unless you are editing a text file i e Text Mode is on in which case the cursor moves to the first word at the beginning of the next Line 2 1 10 Go to Previous Word Control A To move the cursor to the beginning of the previous word on the line type a Control A As you type Control As the cursor stops at the beginning of the Line unless you are editing a text file i e Text Mode is on in which case the cursor moves to the end of the previous Line 2 1 11 Delete Word Control V To delete all characters from the right of the cursor up to the beginning of the next word type a Control V If the cursor is at the beginning of a word VUE deletes that word and any blanks trailing that word If you are in a field of blanks VUE erases all of the blanks in the field to the right of the cursor If you are in the middle of a word VUE deletes t
48. fied string at the beginning of memory However if it does not find the string it checks to see if any more text can be brought in with the Yank command 1f so it automatically writes all the text in memory to the output file and then yanks in as much additional text as will fit It then resumes the search operation This sequence continues until Whole either finds the string or runs out of text to read in Note that this command does not affect the operation of the Next Match Control X command in Screen mode In particular the Next Match command never automatically yanks in more text from disk but only searches in the current memory buffer If the Whole command does not find the string you are Left with the end of the file in memory If you wish to return to editing the beginning of the file you must Leave VUE with the Finish command and re edit the file COMMAND MODE Page 3 9 3 4 4 Replace This command replaces strings in the text Before replacing the string it displays it and asks whether or not this string should be replaced Type the Replace command a space and a string of characters to search for then type a RETURN VUE prompts you with a question mark for the characters you wish to replace the first string with if it is found Type the replacement string and a RETURN If the string to be replaced does not exist in the file VUE returns you to Command mode otherwise it displays the first occurrence of the search string
49. file and Look at any portion of the file 1 5 EDITING TEXT WITHIN A LINE Let s go back to our new file LETTER It presently contains just one blank line and the cursor is at the very first character of the entire file Now enter the character A The A appears on the screen at the cursor position and the cursor moves right one position As we enter more characters they appear on the screen and the cursor moves farther right l Now suppose you make a mistake on the Last character typed in You typed in an F but you really wanted to type in a G Simply hit the rubout key usually marked RUB The cursor backs up one position and the F disappears You may now type in the G GETTING STARTED Page 1 5 Perhaps you decide the entire Line is wrong You could rubout the entire line However VUE has a command that will delete the Line for you First type Control U The cursor moves to the beginning of the Line Now type Control Y The entire Line disappears Now that we have a bLank Line type in Now is the time to edit with computers Then type Control U to get the cursor to the beginning of the line We can now experiment with moving the cursor around in the Line First press Control L On some terminals Like SOROCs and Lear Siegler ADM 1s and 2s a separate key is set aside for this function It is marked with an arrow pointing right Entering Control L causes the cursor to move one position to the right Now enter Control H This may als
50. g with a question mark Always end your search and replacement strings with a RETURN There are two possible modes for the string commands These are determined by the SEARCHFOLD flag If this flag is true the search ignores case COMMAND MODE Page 3 7 upper or Lower case when searching for a string In other words if you tell VUE to search for the string text the strings text Text and TEXT all match If the SEARCHFOLD flag is false this feature is disabled and the only string which matches Text is Text The SEARCHFOLD flag is also checked when a string is replaced If th flag 1S false the replacement string is put into the file with no modification If the SEARCHFOLD flag is true then before the old string is replaced it 1s checked to see if it starts with an upper case character If it does the new string will also have its first character capitalized If all the characters in the old string were capitalized all the characters in the new string will be capitalized Example replace chain with Link SEARCHFOLD SEARCHFOLD true false chain gt Link Link Chain gt Link Link CHain gt Link Link CHAIN LINK Link NOTE 1 The search and replace strings may not exceed 40 characters in Length and may not contain embedded carriage returns However a blank in the search string will also match a tab or carriage return Therefore search will find multiple word Strings which
51. ggled on and off by Control Q Suppose in our previous example we had really wanted to say the right time We could of course just move the cursor to the first character of time press Control F six times and then type in right To use auto insert mode first move the cursor to the first character of time Then press Control Q The terminal beeps indicating that you are now in auto insert mode and you see a Q in the top right hand corner of your terminal screen Now type in right As you type in the word the rest of the Line moves over to make room You can type in as many characters as you want and the rest of the Line will move to make room When you are done press Control again to return to normal mode 1 8 DELETING WORDS After our last example we decide that we really didn t want the word right in the sentence after all One way Of getting rid of it is with six Control Ds However a single command will do the whole job Simply move the cursor to the first character of the word and press Control V The word and the blank following it disappear and the rest of the Line moves in to fill the space If the cursor had not been at the beginning of the word only the end of the word would have been erased In other words the word is truncated at the current cursor position GETTING STARTED Page 1 7 The Control Y function introduced earlier also truncates We used Control Y at the beginning of the Line and the entire Lin
52. he rest of the word and any trailing blanks A Control V does not delete tabs If you delete a word before a tab VUE replaces the word with tabs so that any characters following the trailing tab do not move VUE works this way so that you c n change items in one column of text without disturbing the placement of other columns For example if you delete an operand in an assembly language program the comment field will not move To delete a tab use the RUBOUT key or the Scrunch command SCREEN MODE Page 2 4 2 1 12 Erase Line Control RUBOUT To delete all the characters in the current line type a Control RUBOUT This command is equivalent to a Control U followed by a Control Y The Line itself is not deleted as it is with the Control Z command 2 2 FILE EDITING COMMANDS Use the following commands to move the cursor up and down through the file and to manipulate entire lines of text 2 2 1 Down Control J or Down Arrow Key or Linefeed Key on some terminals To move the cursor down from one Line to the next type a Control J When you reach the end of the text the cursor stops As it moves down the Screen the cursor stays in the same column position on the screen unless it encounters a tab or a blank line see Section 1 9 Tabs If you try to move the cursor off the bottom of the screen VUE moves the screen display the window up a line so that the cursor stays on the screen 2 2 2 Up Control K or Up Arrow Key on SOROC
53. hen entering new lines of a BASIC program The sixth line sets the comment character to an exclamation mark This is the comment character used by BASIC EXECUTING VUE Page 4 10 The Last line sets the next field character to the tab key Normally the next field character is space but space is commonly used in BASIC programs The TAB is a key not often used in BASIC programs Note that the Last two lines actually have no useful effect since VUE now defaults to these settings when editing BASIC files CHAPTER 5 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 5 1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS The hardware required to run VUE 2 4 is 1 An AM 100 or AM 100 T CPU with at least 48 kilobytes of memory 2 A high speed CRT terminal recommended 9600 baud or greater with the following functions 1 XY cursor positioning 2 Clear screen these functions are desirable but not necessary 3 Erase to end of Line 4 Erase to end of screen 5 Reduced intensity TCRT functions 11 and 12 KARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS Page 5 2 5 2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS The software required to run VUE 2 4 is 1 AMOS version 4 4 or Later 2 A terminal driver that supports the following functions 1 XY cursor positioning 2 Clear screen TCRT function 1 3 Erase to end of line 4 Erase to end of screen If necessary the Last two functions may be simulated for dumb terminals which do not have them Lear Siegler ADM 3A This may be done in one of tw
54. ibes the VUE Command mode commands However additional menus may be available To find out what menus are available simply type HELP followed by a RETURN AlphaVue 2 4 Status space fold srchfold text Space Tola srchfold text Editing INTRO TXT 2630 bytes free margin 0 Page 20 gt HELP Help is available for SCREEN COMMAND TXTFMT BASIC Sa LP A BASAL VUE responds with a List of the available menus To get more information on one of the subjects listed type HELP followed by the subject name Alphavue 2 4 Status space fold srchfold text AAA Space fotad srchfold text Editing INTRO TXT 2630 bytes free margin 0 Page 20 3HELP TXTFMT TXTFMT Text Processor Commands F ormat format mode U nformat unformat mode Number set page number P age eject page Saganang Rd se continued List of TXTFMT commands GETTING STARTED l Page 1 11 1 15 2 Finishing an Editing Session Eventually you will finish editing your new file Up to now your file has existed in your computer s internal memory The file is in internal memory rather than on disk because the internal memory may be changed quickly making fast screen editing possible However when the computer is turned off all the contents of internal memory are forgotten In order to save the result of your work the contents of internal memory must be saved on disk To do this enter Command mode and type in F or FINISH followed by a RETURN VUE will save your text on the
55. ine left so that the cursor remains on the screen 2 1 2 Backspace Control H To move the cursor from right to Left along a line of text type a Control H Each Control H moves the cursor left one character position When the cursor reaches the beginning of the Line the cursor stops If the position of the cursor would be off the screen VUE shifts the Line right so that the cursor remains on the screen 2 1 3 Delete RUBOUT When you hit the RUBOUT key the cursor backspaces from right to left replacing characters with blanks If you are in character insert mode however a RUBOUT acts as a BACKSPACE command see above and a SCRUNCH command see Section 2 2 5 Scrunch Control D 2 1 4 Insert Control F To insert a blank into a text line type a Control F Unless you are in character insert mode you will want to type a Control F for every new character that you insert in a line otherwise VUE will overwrite the old characters with the new ones 2 1 5 Scrunch Control D To delete the character to the right of the cursor type a Control D this removes the character and shifts all of the characters from the right of the cursor to the end of the Line Left one character position 2 1 6 Go to Beginning of Line Control U To move the cursor to the beginning of the current line type a Control U Side effect if the Left margin was not zero it is set to zero until you leave the line SCREEN MODE Page 2 3 2 1 7 Go to End o
56. ing environment Often when editing a file it would be convenient to mark one s place at the current point and move somewhere else for a quick Look or modification Then when this is done it should be possible to return to the original editing point and continue from there VUE provides this capability with the Push and Pop commands COMMAND MODE Page 3 14 3 7 1 Push The Push command pushes the current cursor location onto an internal Stack This stack may be up to ten levels deep Push then returns you to Screen mode 3 7 2 Pop This command pops a cursor location from an internal stack It restores the Location marked earlier by a Push command VUE then returns you to Screen mode at the restored position That is you see the page displayed that you pushed earlier with the Push command If the stack is empty this command has no effect and you remain in Command mode 3 8 MEMORY SPLIT COMMANDS Often when editing a Long file VUE takes a Long time to perform operations which update the file In order to speed up this process VUE allows you to split the memory image of the file in two parts After the file is split only the first part of it can be edited However operation is much faster This is especially useful when adding new text near the beginning of an existing document 3 8 1 Split The Split command splits the current memory image at the cursor Location When you return to Screen mode the Line the cursor was
57. ions The emphasis of this chapter is on editing text word processing The best way to learn how to use an interactive program Like VUE is to sit down and experiment Try the examples yourself Don t worry about mistakes It is impossible to damage the computer from the keyboard 1 1 THE KEYBOARD The user communicates with VUE via a keyboard very similar to a typewriter keyboard However users not familiar with computer terminals will note that there are a few important differences between a typewriter keyboard and a computer terminal A normal typewriter keyboard has about 55 keys However the English character set is a combination of approximately 90 symbols including the alphabet represented in both upper and lower case letters punctuation marks and other symbols used very often In order for the typewriter keyboard to represent the extra characters most keys have two definitions The definition of each key is changed by the action of the SHIFT key The extra characters are produced by hitting a key at the same time as the shift key The SHIFT key allows 55 keys to produce the English character set For computer applications even the keys for these 90 characters are not enough Additional keys are needed so that the user may control the computer in addition to entering text On a typewriter usually there are only one or two of these control keys available carriage return and backspace An advanced text editor Like VUE however
58. lar some Hazeltine terminals use different control characters than the ones described in this manual Consult the sources of the terminal driver you are using if there is any question 2 1 LINE EDITING COMMANDS These comands are used to edit within a line of text A line of text is all of the characters between two carriage return symbols VUE can accept a Line of up to 510 characters When you add or erase characters this action takes place at the current cursor position on the text Line Move the cursor using the commands described in this and the next sections until it is at the point in the text that you wish to change At that point you can change the characters there by simply typing your new text the new characters will overwrite the old characters on the Line To insert characters into a text line use the Insert command or enter character insert mode see Section 2 5 1 Character Insert Mode To delete characters type a RUBOUT use the SCRUNCH command or use the various word line and block of text delete commands described later in the manual SCREEN MODE Page 2 2 2 1 1 Forward Control L To move the cursor from Left to right along a line of text type a Control L Each Control L moves the cursor one character position to the right When you reach the end of the text line the cursor stops If the new position of the cursor would be off the screen because the text line is wider than the screen line VUE shifts the L
59. licates COMMAND MODE Page 3 12 When you are done copying be sure to clear the reduced intensity markers or remove the delimiters 3 5 2 Delete Block This command deletes a block of text Type DELETE followed by a RETURN The block to be deleted is specified as in the paragraph above The reduced intensity markers or the 4 4 delimiters are cleared or deleted along with a block The user is returned to Screen mode after VUE deletes the block oT text 3 5 3 Move Block This command moves a block of text Type MOVE followed by a RETURN The block to be moved is specified as in the example above VUE copies the block to the current cursor position and then deletes from the file the marked block along with the delimiters This command is equivalent to a Copy command followed by a Delete command VUE returns you to Screen mode after it moves the block 3 5 4 Clear The Clear command deletes any block markers that have been set with Control P 1f no markers have been set this command is ignored It does not clear any x x delimiting symbols 3 6 FORMATTING COMMANDS VUE provides two commands to assist in formatting text These commands are not meant to replace TXTFMT rather they are designed for use in simple applications where the power of TXTFMT is not needed 3 6 1 Center This command centers the text on the current Line the Line the cursor was on before Command mode was entered Leading blanks are ignored traili
60. ll then begin searching for the word CRT and if it finds it it displays the word just as the search command does However you will not be in Screen mode VUE will only accept one of five characters here as valid input a Y Q N Control C or ESC If you hit Y VUE replaces the string In this case the word CRT would be replaced with Terminal If you hit N VUE does not replace the string but leaves it alone In either case VUE then searches for the string CRT again and the whole process is repeated If you type in Q ESC or Control C VUE will terminate the REPLACE command and you are returned to Command mode You are also returned to Command mode if VUE cannot find any more occurrences of the word in the file 1 15 7 Moving Blocks of Text Often when editing a document or piece of text it is necessary to move a Large block of text from one location to another To do this first move the cursor while in Screen mode to the beginning of the block to be moved and press Control P The line the cursor is on will now appear in reduced intensity on the screen Now move the cursor to the end of the block to be moved and press Control P again ALL the text in the block will now appear in reduced intensity The cursor should now be moved to the desired location of the block of text The cursor cannot be inside the marked block during this operation In otherwords you cannot move a block to be inside of itself Press ESCAPE to get into Comm
61. mand was less than one page from the end of the file the screen will Look the same as if you had used the Ending Page command 2 2 6 Page Up Control R To move the cursor one page back in your text type a Control R The previous page of text is displayed If you were within one page of the beginning of your text the display looks the same as 1f you had entered a Home command 2 2 7 Center Cursor Control S The Center Cursor command tells VUE to redisplay the screen so that the Line of text containing the current cursor position is in the middle of the screen 2 2 8 Insert Line Split Line Control B To insert a blank Line into your text file or to split an existing line type a Control B If the cursor is at the front of a line a Control B inserts a blank Line that is a carriage return symbol alone on a line If the cursor has text to the left of it on the Line a Control B splits the Line into two by inserting a carriage return at the cursor position 2 2 9 Delete Line Control Z To delete a Line of text or a blank line type a Control Z VUE erases the Line and moves the text below the cursor up one line on the screen SCREEN MODE Page 2 6 2 2 10 Concatenate Lines Control 0 To combine two lines of text type a Control 0 VUE adds the line of text below the cursor onto the end of the Line of text that contains the cursor ALL Lines below the cursor move up one Line on the screen If the merged Line would be Longer
62. mended since wildcards are not allowed in the replacement string 3 5 BLOCK OPERATIONS VUE provides several commands for manipulating blocks of text The techniques for delimiting blocks are covered in Section 2 4 5 Setting Block Markers When a block command is executed the file must contain at least one valid pair of markers and the cursor MUST NOT be in between these markers If one of these conditions is not met the message marker error is displayed and the file is not modified If you are using the delimiting symbols and more than one pair of markers exist in the text only the first pair is recognized by the block commands In addition to the commands described in this section the Unyank and Search commands can also use marked blocks To perform a block operation enter Screen mode Mark the block of text following the instructions in Section 2 4 5 If you are performing a COPY or MOVE block move the cursor to the desired Location Then enter Command mode and type in the block command followed by RETURN 3 5 1 Copy Block This command copies a block of text Type COPY followed by a RETURN The block is copied in front of the current Line the Line the cursor was on before Command mode was entered The copy command may be executed multiple times without leaving command mode the block will be recopied each time If you copy 5 times you will end up with six copies of the block the original and the five dup
63. mm mu a na Control K down Control J or linefeed page up we Control R page down Control T center cursor Control S home Control also home key on Lear Siegler and Soroc terminals erid ssa sas a Control E return Control M or return key insert line Control B delete line Control Z concatenate Control 0 insert char Control F scrunch char Control D delete to eol Control Y delete RUBOUT erase line Control RUBOUT nextword Control W Lastword a Control A deleteword Control V beg of line Control U end of Lline Control N next match Control X escape escape key break Control C toggle entry Control inscharmode Control set marker Control P ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL Page viji Command Mode C Finished finished editing update files to disk Go finish and go Quit return to EXEC without updating files Yank n3 or Filespec read in text Unyank n or fFilespecd write out text Dir disk directory Erase Filespec erase a disk file Search string search for string Next string search for string starting at cursor Whole string search for string including portion of file on disk Replace string replace string with query Global string replace string Wildcard set wildcard characters Copy copy a block
64. n edited 3 3 1 Finish The Finish command tells VUE that you are done with your editing session VUE writes out to disk any text still in memory and makes sure that any leftover text in the source file is copied to the output file VUE deletes any file on the disk with the name FILENAME BAK i e a backup file on the disk that has the name of your source file VUE then renames the source file to FILENAME BAK and renames the temporary output file to FILENAME EXT where FILENAME is the name of the file being edited and EXT is the extension of that source file 3 3 2 Save The Save command allows you to update your text to the disk without Leaving VUE It is equivalent to Leaving VUE via the Finish command and then re editing the file The Save command only works on files which completely fit in memory After the Save operation is completed the internal operation of VUE is unaffected In other words the cursor Location and flag settings are not modified 3 3 3 Go Go is an Edit and go command First the text is output as in the Finish command Then depending on the extension of the file the appropriate processor is invoked For instance if an assembly language file is being edited extension MAC the file is automatically assembled The following is a List of the extensions supported and the command strings invoked If a command string has been defined in the INI VUE file it will be used if the extension of the file being edited
65. ng blanks are not VUE returns you to Screen mode COMMAND MODE Page 3 13 3 6 2 Format This command formats the paragraph starting at the current cursor position The text is formatted so that no Line is wider than the screen If the text is in a comment the comment characters are not formatted but the text is In other words this command works properly on comments VUE formats from the current cursor position to the end of the paragraph If not formatting a comment a paragraph is terminated by 1 A blank in column one 2 A slash in column one If formatting a comment a paragraph is terminated by 1 A blank in column two 2 A character other than the current comment character in column one To determine if it is formatting a comment the format command checks the character in column one of the first Line formatted If it is equal to the current comment character then it assumes that a comment is being formatted After VUE formats the text it returns you to Screen mode 3 6 3 Width The Width command sets the width used by the Center and Format commands Normally the width used is the width of the terminal display One numeric argument is specified which is the new width If no argument is given the formatting width is reset to the width of the terminal display Example 2width 50 set a narrow formatting width 3 7 ENVIRONMENT COMMANDS VUE provides two commands for saving and restoring the current edit
66. nsion of the file is not specified it defaults to the extension of the file being edited This command is useful for combining files and for boilerplate type applications where a number of pre prepared blocks of text are merged together to form a custom document Example 3yank info txt read in file INFO TXT and insert it after the cursor 3 3 6 Unyank n or Unyank filename The Unyank command also has two forms It a number is specified this command writes out the first n Lines of text in memory to the output file and deletes them from memory If the number of Lines is not specified all the text in memory is written out to the disk Example gt unyank 200 write the first 200 Lines of text in memory to the output file and delete them from memory If a filename is specified as the parameter VUE writes a block of text out to the specified file The filename that is specified as the parameter must not begin with a number If the extension of the file is not specified VUE will use the same extension as the file currently being edited If the file already exists it is deleted and any previous contents are lost The block to be written out is specified by standard block delimiters see Section 3 5 BLOCK OPERATIONS gt unyank sub1 mac write out the marked block to the file SUBI MAC If the proper drivers are loaded into memory before executing VUE any device may be accessed For instance you may directly output
67. ntrol G Normally VUE uses control characters to control its operation in Screen mode and control characters are not allowed in the file However some applications may require control characters in a file If you wish to edit a file with control characters in it your initialization file should contain the statement CONTROL TRUE For further information see Section 4 4 INITIALIZATION FILE Otherwise VUE removes all control characters as it reads the file into memory and the Control G command is disabled NOTE VUE automatically assumes that CONTROL TRUE for files with a LST extension If CONTROL TRUE the Control G command allows you to enter control characters in the file The key typed in after the Control G is inserted into the file at the current cursor position even if it is a control character However carriage returns Linefeeds and RUBOUTS may not be inserted into the file Once a control character has been inserted into the file it is displayed as an up arrow followed by a letter representing the control character For instance if the character 04 hex appears in the file it is displayed as D As the cursor moves along a Line with control characters in it it appears to jump across the control characters just as it jumps across tab fields SCREEN MODE Page 2 9 2 4 SCREEN EDITING MODES Screen mode encompasses several character entry modes that affect the way VUE handles your text These modes are charac
68. o correspond to a key with a Left arrow or a key marked BACK Entering Control H causes the cursor to move one character to the Left In other words the cursor backspaces Now continue pressing Control Ls until you reach the end of the Line Enter Control L again Nothing happens The cursor will not move past the end of the Line This is an important difference between VUE and a typewriter When using VUE blanks are not the same as nothingness To prove this type a few blanks The cursor moves forward The cursor may now be moved back and forth within the blank area as well as within the rest of the Line but it still may not be moved past the Last blank We now know three methods for moving the cursor around in the file 1 Control U cursor to beginning of Line 2 Control L advance cursor one position 3 Control H backspace cursor one position There are three more commands for moving the cursor within a Line Control W moves the cursor forward one whole word and Control A moves the cursor back one word Control N moves the cursor to the end of the current Line These commands are very useful for moving around quickly in your text i 1 6 THE MENU We have already learned the functions of five control characters When first using VUE it can be difficult to remember what all the control characters do Because of this a built in menu has been provided To display the menu simply press the ESC key The screen is cleared and a
69. o ways The command DUMB TRUE may be used in the initialization file to cause VUE to simulate these features Alternately VUE now supports a new TbV format which contains a bit indicating that these features do not exist Terminals that fully meet these requirements with standard Alpha Micro software are Soroc 14120 Lear Siegler ADM1 ADM2 ADM3A Hazeltine 1500 series Beehive B150 VUE is fully re entrant and may be loaded into system memory if you plan to do a lot of editing APPENDIX A VUE 2 4 RELEASE NOTES The 2 4 version of AlphaVue contains a significant number of new features For users already familiar with VUE this document provides a summary of the changes NOTE AlphaVue 2 4 is approximately 5000 bytes longer than earlier releases If you are running VUE in system memory you may have to allocate more system memory space A 1 NEW SCREEN MODE COMMANDS Several new control characters have been added These are Control N Go to End of Line This key moves the cursor to the end of the current line in one operation See Section 2 2 7 Control RUBOUT Erase Line This key erases all the characters on the current Line but does not delete the line It is equivalent to a Control U followed by a Control Y See Section 2 2 12 Control P Set Block Marker AlphaVue 2 4 has a new way of marking blocks which may be used instead of block delimiters in the text Control P is used to mark the ends of the block While bl
70. ock markers are active the text in the marked block is displayed in reduced intensity The old delimiter method is retained for use on terminals that do not support reduced intensity such as ADM 3As See Section 2 4 5 Section 3 5 Control G Absolute Character Insert It is now possible to insert most control characters into a file using VUE See Section 246r 2 du In addition to these control characters several new modes have been added When Wrap Mode is active it is not necessary to enter carriage returns VUE automatically wraps the the Last word entered to the next line when the end of the screen is reached See Section 2 5 3 In addition Entry Mode has been upgraded for BASIC programmers It will now perform automatic line numbering if needed See Section 2 5 4 5 VUE 2 4 RELEASE NOTES Page A 2 A 2 NEW COMMAND MODE FEATURES There are now over 40 commands available in VUE Command mode Some of the more interesting new commands are outlined below The input processing has been upgraded so that it is no Longer possible to edit the prompt character A 2 1 Disk Access Commands Save This command saves the current memory image as with the Finish command but does not leave VUE NOTE Save only works on files which fit in memory This is useful for periodically backing up your work without having to Leave VUE See Section 3 3 2 Yank and Unyank These commands have been upgraded to allow you to merge and split files
71. of text Delete delete a block of text Move move a block of text Clear clear block markers Center center a Line of text Format format a paragraph of text Width n set formatting width Push save current environment Pop restore earlier environment Split split memory image Unsplit inverse of Split P Edit return to Screen Mode i Page n go to new page Margin n set new Left margin Blanks n insert blank Lines Help get some assistance Parameter Setting Commands Text boolean enable disable Text Mode Wrap boolean enable disable Wrap Mode Insert boolean enable disable line insert in Entry Mode Fold boolean enable disable folding in Entry Mode Space boolean enable disable generation of space in Entry Mode Searchfold boolean enable disable search case folding Indent boolean enable disable Indent Mode Help boolean enable disable help menu Comment character set comment character Column n set comment column Field n set next field character Delta n set auto increment value for BASIC CHAPTER 1 GETTING STARTED This chapter is intended as _an introduction for new users It does not cover every command and option available but is designed to get you flying quickly with the most commonly used commands This chapter is designed to be read linearly while the rest of the manual is intended for reference Users familiar with computer operation should skip the first two sect
72. olean FU S Qaid uu d n a RR 4 7 4 5 15 Width number Pal xim dal Dia BIG ere 4 7 ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL CHAPTER 5 APPENDIX A APPENDIX B INDEX Page vi 4 3 16 Wildcard wildcard characters 4 7 4 3 17 Entry boolean serene nananana 4 8 4 3 1 Sblkzboolean Danna CU UU EU PE enne enee e ae 4 8 4 3 19 Delta number i sd sla dus 4 8 4 3 20 Control boolean aeav sasaaa 458 4 3 21 smart boolean sam Psp RA Na M A ne BR n S ous 458 uU 4 3 22 Dumbzboolean 2a8a24 aa 92 ac a2a22922a5222 4 8 4 4 SAMPLE INI VUE IE aa ia Dad naa 4 9 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS 5 1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS maana mA RAM A M A a ATO Aw a nomme 95 5 2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS aaaaseaaa ascannanaasaa 5 2 VUE 2 4 RELEASE NOTES A 1 NEW SCREEN MODE COMMANDS e AWM A 2 NEW COMMAND MODE FEATURES TE E EE A 2 1 Disk Access Commands eeh Nie gau ed e A 2 2 Searches SUSAN E M p GNG JR BUR A 2 A 2 3 Block Commands saanacanaanaanuananonsan EK A 2 4 Formatting Commands LA nen EE EE FYT NM A 3 A 2 5 Memory Split Commands AWB A 2 6 New Menu Features asauasesassaascessaaaa EK A 2 7 Parameter Commands manas AWG A 3 NEW INITIALIZATION FEATURES ca nraaunoonacosana T A 4 IMPROVED HARDWARE SUPPORT arar aaa cea AG NEW MENU FORMAT ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL Page vii Quick Reference Guide Screen Editing Commands rights Control L E EENEG Control H or backspace UD e
73. on with the Block Operations If the SBLK flag is true Global will only replace text within a marked block This makes it easy to replace all occurrences of a string within a Limited portion of your text 3 4 6 Wildcard VUE allows you to search for strings containing ambiguous characters i e wildcards A wildcard is a special symbol that may match several characters The wildcard facility is somewhat similar to that used by some of the AMOS Level commands Normally a question mark corresponds to any character and an asterisk corresponds to any number of characters For example the search string 22 matches the strings RO AB CIN while the search string matches those strings as well as the strings index B days of future passed Leading and trailing asterisks are not allowed in a search string If you need to search for a string that contains a question mark or asterisk you may change the wildcard characters To do this use the WILDCARD command Type WILDCARD followed by a blank followed by the two new wildcard characters If no characters are entered the wildcard feature is turned off COMMAND MODE Page 3 11 Example 3wildcard set the single wildcard character to X and the multiple character wildcard to gt wildcard turn off wildcard ability gt wildcard x this is the normal wildcard mode Although wildcards may be used in replace and global operations they are not recom
74. or moves up one position Each time Control K is pressed the cursor moves up one line until the beginning of the file is reached Now to get back down We have two choices The first is Control J On Some terminals this may be the down arrow key or the FEED key This moves the cursor down one Line If possible the cursor will stay in the same column The second choice is the RETURN key This also moves the cursor down one Line but the cursor always goes to column zero Note that the RETURN key does not make the file Longer unless you are already at the Last Line in the file When the cursor moves from one Line to another an important consideration is the fact that the cursor cannot wind up in a position where there is no character If after changing Lines there is no character in the column the cursor was in before the cursor moves until it is pointing to a character For example suppose the file contains the text This is an example of text editing cursor before Control J cursor after Control J Before the Control J the cursor pointed just past the end of the first Line Now we tell the cursor to move down a Line It does SO but notices that it is now beyond the end of its new Line Therefore it moves backward until it reaches a character the carriage return at the end of the Line If we now tell it to move up a Line Control K the cursor simply moves up since there is a valid character in this position In this case
75. red Otherwise the autoincrement value is set to the new number Example delta 50 set autoincrement to 50 3 13 14 Control boolean This command enables disables control characters If this command is set to true control characters may be entered into the text with the Control G screen editing command COMMAND MODE l Page 3 20 3 13 15 Smart boolean This command enables disables the intelligent terminal features of VUE If you use a terminal with insert and delete Line functions turning on this flag will improve some of VUE s screen handling abilities If your terminal does not have these features enabling this flag will cause problems VUE now supports a new terminal driver format that makes the Smart command unnecessary However old terminal drivers may still need to use the Smart command 3 15 16 Abbreviations i may abbreviate several of the command mode commands to their first etter finish go quit search replace yank unyank margin page edit dir D MOD a C xa NOO CHAPTER 4 EXECUTING VUE This section tells you how to call VUE from the AMOS command Level After you invoke VUE the first thing it does is to print a sign on message It then searches for an initializati n file INI VUE VUE processes the file if it exists Next VUE looks for the file specified on the command line If it finds it VUE reads the file into your memory partition As the file is read in V
76. ry mode useful for inserting Lines of text into the middle of your file Usually if you are not at the end of your text a RETURN tells VUE to simply move the cursor to the beginning of the next Line When you are in Entry Mode a RETURN tells VUE to create a new Line below the current Line of text This allows you to enter text without using the Insert Line command Control 8 When editing files with Text Mode off Entry Mode enables a variety of functions Some of these functions are set up by the VUE initialization file INI VUE see Section 4 4 INITIALIZATION FILE When you are in Entry Mode you see an uppercase I at the right hand corner of your screen display To enter or Leave entry mode type a Control a Control backslash Below we discuss the features of Entry Mode that apply to non text files 2 4 4 1 Fields An important concept in entry mode is the field VUE recognizes four fields the Label field the opcode field the operand field and the comment field These correspond to the four fields used by the assembler Normally these fields are set up as follows 0 8 16 40 comment field columns 40 510 operand field columns 16 39 opcode field columns 8 15 Label field columns 0 7 You may change the Location of the comment column normally 40 by changing the VUE initialization file You can also change the comment character normally a semicolon to any character by changing the INI VUE file
77. sands of characters Usually however only a small percentage of that space is needed for any particular application A letter for example may only be 20 000 characters Long about 5 pages The computer therefore allows you to break up the disk into small sections called files Each file contains a single set of related information for instance a single Letter or computer program Since a single disk may contain many separate files both you and the computer need a way to identify them so that they may be used Later In order to do this each file is given a name The name is assigned to the file by you It is generally a good idea to assign a name to a file that relates somewhat to the contents of the file so that you can remember what is in the file Under AMOS the filename can be up to 6 characters Long Some sample filenames are LETTER TAX ORDER PLOTS In addition to the filename AMOS also maintains a zero to three character extension for each file The extension tells the computer what kind of data is in the file The extension may be specifically mentioned by following the normal filename with a period and the extension For example LETTER TXT text file with a letter in it LETTER BAK 7 backup of letter LETTER LST formatted Letter ready for printing TAX DAT tax data file probably not readable directly PLOTS BAS a BASIC Language plotter program 1 3 CREATING A NEW FILE We now have enough information to
78. screenful usually 24 Lines of text This has no relation to any page numbering sequence which may be used in the final document 3 11 MARGIN N This command sets the Left margin to n characters When you resume screen editing everything you type will be displayed starting at column n Useful for editing files with many Lines wider than the screen display WARNING VUE will not work with Lines Longer than 510 characters Example gt margin 50 7 sets left margin at 50 Note that this command simply sets the VUE display margin It does not change the actual text margin only VUE s display of the text COMMAND MODE Page 3 16 3 12 BLANKS N This command is used to generate a large number of blank Lines One argument is supplied which is taken as the number of blank Lines The Lines are added at the current cursor position Example gt blanks 20 7 insert 20 blank Lines at current cursor location 3 13 PARAMETER SETTING COMMANDS You may modify a number of flags and constants with commands in Command mode Some of these may also be modified by the INI VUE file The parameter setting commands follow one of the formats below Command boolean The argument of this command may be true t false op f e g Insert true A true value sets the flag a false value disables it Command string The argument of this command must be a character e g Comment Command n The argument of this command is a numerical value
79. t You may now enter commands to VUE End all commands with a RETURN You must begin all commands in the first character position after the prompt symbol You may return to Screen mode at any time by typing an ESCAPE NOTE In the discussions below the term FILENAME refers to the name of the file you are editing 3 2 COMMAND FORMAT ALL VUE commands are in the following format command blank s command parameter COMMAND MODE Page 3 2 At least one blank must separate the command from any parameters if they are present If a numerical argument is missing VUE assumes that it is zero NOTE You may abbreviate some of the Command mode commands see Section 3 14 ABBREVIATIONS If VUE does not understand your command it prints What on the Line below the command Line it does not erase your command You may re edit the command for another attempt 3 3 COMMANDS THAT ACCESS THE DISK VUE has eight commands that perform disk access Four of these commands access two files on the disk th original source file and the output file produced by the editing session The other four commands may access other files as well During the editing session Lines of text may be read into memory from the source file or written to the output file source file output file E cn memory E aha unread nini nc E source text free sn 55 space source text tumam
80. ter insert mode entry mode text mode wrap mode and indent mode Character insert mode allows you to easily insert text into the middle of a line text mode is useful when editing text files wrap mode automatically adds carriage returns at the end of the Line entry mode is designed to make easier the task of entering formatted text e g assembly Language programs and indent mode is useful when entering structured language programs such as Pascal or C programs Any combination of modes may be used at one time 2 4 1 Character Insert Mode VUE usually overwrites existing text with new characters that is VUE normally replaces the old characters at your current cursor position with the new characters that you are entering To insert characters you use the Insert command Control F to enter blank spaces which are in turn replaced by your new characters or use the Insert Line command Control B to create a blank Line on which to place your new text This is somewhat inconvenient when you want to add a few words in the middle of a text Line Character insert mode allows you to enter characters WITHOUT overwriting existing characters That means that as you enter characters the existing characters on the Line are shifted over to the right to make room for the new characters VUE usually responds to the RUBOUT key by backspacing and writing a blank over the character you want to delete in character insert mode a RUBOUT performs the same func
81. the cursor to the first text character instead of column one In other words any leading blanks or tabs are ignored and the cursor moves past them If a RETURN results in the creation of a new line i e you are already at the end of file or in Entry Mode with the insert option on then the new Line is automatically indented with the optimum number of tabs and blanks so that the indentation of the new Line matches the line above it If this is not the amount of indentation required you may then modify the indentation of the Line with the space RUBOUT and or TAB keys e CHAPTER 3 COMMAND MODE Forty five commands are available in Command mode These perform disk 1 0 string searching text block handling formatting and parameter setting functions 3 1 ENTERING COMMAND MODE To enter Command mode from Screen mode type an ESCAPE The screen clears and several lines of text appear at the top of your screen These lines of text give you the following information Flag Status 7 see Section 3 13 PARAMETER SETTING COMMANDS File Name name of file you are editing Free memory amount of available space in memory Margin current left margin Page current page number If the VUE intialization file tells VUE to print the Menu see Section 4 4 2 Help a summary of the VUE commands is displayed every time you enter Command mode You may enable or disable the Menu display by changing INI VUE VUE then prompts you with a g
82. tion as a BACKSPACE and a SCRUNCH command As you delete characters the line of text shifts to the left to close up the gap Remember that Control Q toggles the Character Insert mode 2 4 2 Text Mode Text Mode changes the definitions of the Go to Next Word Control W and Go to Previous Word Control A commands Normally when using these commands the cursor stops when it reaches either end of a line If Text Mode is set the cursor will continue to the next or Last line of text Text Mode also disables all the features of Entry Mode except for the auto line insert after carriage return Text Mode is turned on and off in either Command mode or the initialization file NOTE VUE automatically turns on Text Mode when you are editing files with a TXT extension SCREEN MODE Page 2 10 2 4 3 Wrap Mode Wrap Mode allows you to enter text without having to worry about entering carriage returns When the cursor reaches the end of the screen VUE automatically creates a new line and moves the last word typed into the new line You may enter text continually without worrying about entering carriage returns Note that Wrap Mode only works when you first enter text In other words inserting a character in the middle of a Line will not cause the Last word on that Line to wrap around Wrap Mode is turned on and off either in Command mode or the initialization file 2 4 4 Entry Mode When editing text files with Text Mode on you will find ent
83. trol B The cursor does not move but the Line the cursor was on and all the Lines below it move down one Leaving a blank Line behind If more blank Lines are needed press Control B again Of course sometimes what you really want to do is delete Lines This function is also provided Simply move the cursor to anywhere within the Line to be deleted Then press Control Z The entire Line disappears and all the Lines below it move up to fill in the Space previously used by the deleted Line In addition to inserting or deleting Lines it is also possible to split a Line in two or to concatenate i e join two Lines To split a Line move the cursor to the point in the Line where the Line is to be split Then press Control B The Line splits with the right half of the Line moving down to the next Line Note that Control B is also the command that inserts a blank Line In fact inserting a blank Line is really splitting a Line at its beginning To concatenate two lines move the cursor to anywhere in the upper Line to be concatenated Then press Control 0 The Line below the cursor moves up and joins the end of the Line that the cursor is on creating a new Line consisting of the two old Lines This command is ignored if the new Line would be Longer than the maximum of 510 characters 1 15 COMMAND MODE Up to now we have been using VUE in SCREEN MODE In Screen mode the text you are editing is always visible Some commands however are avail
84. try our hand at some text editing To do that we will need a file Let s call our file LETTER Before we can create the file the computer must be turned on and the operating system must be running The AMOS operating system signals that it is running by printing a period When this prompt is issued we can create our file by typing in vue Letter followed by RETURN avue letter GED Alphavue Version 2 4 LETTER TXT does not exist create it ILLE does not exist create it After we type RETURN VUE responds by telling us its name and then indicates that the file LETTER does not exist yet We now have a chance to decide if we want to create a new file Since we do type Y followed by RETURN GETTING STARTED Page 1 4 After a short delay a new display appears The entire screen except for the first Line will be filled with asterisks In the upper Left hand corner of the screen a small white block will appear This is the CURSOR 1 4 THE CURSOR AND DISPLAY WINDOW The cursor is the visual indicator of where we are in our file Its actual appearance varies with the terminal used On SOROC IQ120s it appears as a small white block on Hazeltine terminals it appears as a blinking potygon The cursor corresponds to the carriage position on a typewriter The next character entered always appears at the current cursor position just as a character entered on a typewriter will appear on the paper at the current carriage position When e
85. ue 1 7 Memory Split commands n 3 14 Split 408 xc a SE um BAL Unsplit ases asss es a o 3214 Menu o op e e e e o coc 1 5 Merging Files ee o E 375 Move Block command s a s 3 12 Next command sssaaa ses o 3 8 Next field 4 4 3 v x 2710 Next Match command 2 6 Options 4 4 esos osno s o 471 Page command 3 15 Page Down command u a 275 Page Up command a 2 5 ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL INDEX Parameter setting Column Comment Control Delta a a Field Fold Help e sie a ae a Indent Insert a Sblk Searchfold Smart Space Text Wrap a Pop command Push command Quit command Replace String command Replacing characters RETURN RUBOUT Save command Screen mode Screen editing modes commands Scrunch command Search command Next match Searching for characte Split command Splitting files Splitting Lines TAB vj Text files Text Mode Unsplit command Unyank Up command 5 3 2 2 gt s pno 3 16 3 18 3 17 3 19 3 19 3 18 3 19 3 17 3 17 3 18 3 17 3 17 3 19 3 19 3 16 3 17 3 14 UN pan D N LN UN UJ U D D siv TA x a uc er 00 TU Co 3 LN PA UNAN TA TNT vU 30 zl J yu PAN Hu a NN On Page Index 4 b ALPHAVUE USER S MANUAL INDEX VUE command Line VUE initialization file Column
86. ultiple menus A number of subjects may be stored in the menu and called up as needed To find out what subjects are available type HELP or MENU A list of subjects will be displayed To call up a subject type HELP or MENU followed by the subject name When VUE enters Command mode a menu of screen editing commands is shown The second subject menu is displayed after the first command is entered A RETURN blank Line may be used to display the second menu VUE 2 4 RELEASE NOTES Page A 4 A 2 7 Parameter Commands A number of new parameter commands have been added to control the new features Text and Wrap These commands enable and disable Text and Wrap modes Wrap Mode was described earlier Text Mode makes VUE act Like earlier versions did when editing TXT files NOTE Text Mode is automatically turned on when editing TXT files See Section 2 5 2 Section 2 5 3 Sblk This command if set true forces searches to only Locate strings in a marked block if any This is especially useful with the Global command A block of text can be marked and a Global replacement done which only affects the text in that marked block See Section 3 13 4 Delta This command sets the auto increment value used in Entry Mode with BAS files VUE comes up with this value set to 5 but it may be reset to any value except zero by this command See Section 2 5 4 5 A 3 NEW INITIALIZATION FEATURES The VUE initialization processing has been compl
87. without saving internal memory As a result the disk file does not contain any of the changes you made the Last time you edited Note that the QUIT command is not selective ALL changes you made GETTING STARTED Page 1 12 are deleted even if you wanted some of them For instance if you typed in 50 Lines of text before deleting the other 50 Lines you can not recover both the 50 deleted lines and the 50 new lines you have to make a choice between them To invoke the quit command simply type in Q or QUIT followed by a RETURN For example AlphaVue 2 4 Status space fold srchfold text Editing LETTER TXT 23458 bytes free margin O Page 9 Ja GD 1 15 5 Searching A common need when editing is to find a particular word or string of characters in a file For instance you might want to find where you had used a person s name in a file or where a particular section of a document is located VUE does this searching for you automatically using the SEARCH command The SEARCH command consists of S or SEARCH followed by a blank followed by the string you are searching for For example suppose you were editing this manual and wanted to find every reference to the cursor You would type 3S CURSOR At this point it should be noted that the search command considers upper and lower case letters to be the same Therfore CURSOR is the same as cursor and Cursor If VUE finds the word CURSOR anywhere in the file it displays the page on whi

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