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2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS Compiled by Albert Bork

1. There is a discrepancy between both sections regarding the meaning of Fluor which is translated as fluor in the English section and is missing the accent mark while in the Spanish section it is translated to English as fluorine In conclusion this comprehensive bilingual dictionary covers essential words and phrases found in chemistry literature from which students and others working in the chemistry field could certainly benefit The work falls short of meeting the expecta tions of a professional translator as a main reference source Nevertheless it could serve as an acceptable secondary source ake ATA Chronicle 2001 7 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork June 2001 Dictionary of Medicine French English with English French Glossary Author Svetolik Paul Djordjevic ISBN 1 887563 53 9 Price 179 50 1 150 pp cloth 8 x 11 Available from Schreiber Publishing Inc 301 424 7737 ext 28 Reviewed by Sharlee Merner Bradley Three cheers for a new French English medical dictionary on the scene While principally a French to English medical dic tionary 989 two column pages there is also an English to French glossary at the end 158 three column pages shorter because only headwords are indexed and there are no definitions If necessary a translator can look in the main index for clarification What to Expect Some terms are defined for example absence d albumines dans le s
2. cific highlights and innovations as audio pronunciation of terms conversion tables and document templates But this must be the subject of another review Not to mention the specialized Harrap s companion bilingual dictionaries for the Internet marketing and finance All forth coming reviews Till then happy hard copy Shorter And alternative body sculpting 2 ATA Chronicle 2001 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork February 2001 New Tools For New Times by Alexandre Mikheev guages during my junior year in high school when I found a beat up copy of V K Muller s English Russian Dictionary with faded brown cloth covers in the garret of my grandmother s old house This fortuitous find prompted me to enroll in professional language training and eventually led to a lifelong career in translation and interpretation I still keep a Muller dic tionary on a shelf in my office the 17th impression from 1978 there is also a 1985 edition at the Monterey Institute library which is the 20th impression but it is of more sentimental value than practical use these days The fact is that paper dictionar ies are born they live and then they die Thanks to new technology some of them can enjoy unusual longevity One case in point being the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language which was the first major lexicographical work not to be com piled by hand saving thousands of man hours Its fourth anniversary ed
3. npesocrasurb sjarh nosMy o CBOOOAY AeHCTBHA Multilex is also reversible and can search for both English and Russian words with equal ease so that you can look up both tool and npu6op for example and the computer will give you a list of both Russian and English translations One drawback of Multilex however is that it sometimes gives you a description rather than the actual translation For example chad kycouku yMarn WIM KapTOHa BbIOMBaeMbIe tlepopaTopom But there is an important redeeming feature Multilex has a built in user dictionary so that if you are unhappy with its sug gested translation you can record your own version which will be the first selection to pop up the next time you select the term For example haze v 1 Mop npod M3HypaTb padoTOH B HakazaHve NopyyaTb CaMylo TAX NYIO padory 2 amep 310 MOIIIYYHBATb oco6 Has HOBHYKOM TIOKaTb HoBHyKa 3 AMaJL MyraTb pyraTb OuTb User dictionary entry hazing JCAOBNMHA If you prefer to use the dictionary from the hard drive rather than a CD ROM Multilex 3 gives you this option This dic tionary may appeal to the traditionalist who wants the new technology without losing the familiar look of a paper dictionary Context is another electronic dictionary on CD ROM which was made available to translators at about the same time It has the same features as the other two electronic dictionaries i e it is reversible and has a user dictionary You can also inst
4. a man of the Enlightenment believed the point of great literature and poetry is that it illuminates what is universal Therefore Goethe in one of his statements on translation almost contradicted Robert Frost s 20th century pronouncement that it is the poetry that gets lost in translation T honor meter and rhyme for that is what makes poetry poetry but the part that is really deeply and basically effective the part that is truly formative and beneficial is the part of the poet that remains when he is translated into prose Goethe in Dichtung und Wahrheit Poetry and Truth 1811 14 translated by Robert R Heitner quoted in Robinson 222 The above passage appears in Robinson s book in translation as do many other documents which requires certain assump tions about translation on the part of the reader before anything is read Such assumptions remained largely implicit until the 20th century but the very first article in Venuti s book calls them into question This article Walter Benjamin s Die Aufgabe des Ubersetzers The Task of the Translator was written in German in 1923 and translated into English in 1968 by Harry Zohn Venuti follows Zohn s translation 15 23 with a piece by Steven Rendall called A Note on Harry Zohn s Translation 23 25 Rendall diplomatically calls Zohn s translation pioneering 23 and states that his Rendall s notes examine certain problems raised by Zohn
5. among many for a term as common as the verb and noun forms of chat depending on your context You will also find translations for very common terms such as bullet puce Internaute Netizen in a rare instance of common usage in the opposite direction from French to English and all the different types of brackets square crochet curly accolade round parentheses angle signes inf rieur et sup rieur supplemented by figures of both the French AZERT and the English QUERTY keyboards glossed for all function keys including the special Macintosh function keys In addition to these figures you have glossed desktops for both PC and Macintosh and translations glossed according to Mac or Windows operating systems e g corbeil trash in Mac recycle bin in Windows All these features add up to a won derful reference to mundane everyday language use in the domain of computers and the Internet which may have previous ly sent you on some long indeed very winding searches The Harrap s Computers amp the Internet dictionary is a small paperback companion but it is a most useful resource because it supplies carefully researched terminology and useful glossing a perceptive inclusion of occurring Internet language uses and translations for the mundane basics of computers and the Internet Even if its size and medium do not for a single second match the daunting speed of innovations and co
6. rum sanguin under absence is translated as anal buminemia and then unnecessarily defined as absence of albumin from the serum A more useful example is campim tre translated as diopsimeter and defined as a device for measuring the field of vision Phrases are run on but bold with an replacing the headword The pages have a clean look with wide margins which are good for annotations Some pharmaceuticals are included and identified for example Abriscor trademark for a preparation of ascorbic acid vitamin c Abbreviations are included in the alphabetic index for example P E R S pouls gaux r guliers synchrones equal regular and synchronous pulse Another example Pz PZ PZ pancreozymin endocrinology gastroenterology and laboratory Only a few terms are cross referenced for the purpose of saving space For example Siris see Coffin et Siris syndrome de Proper names are identified as are abbreviations parts of speech and the gender of nouns Alternate translations are indicated with a slash and semicolon For example site de d part startpoint start point site startsite Quality As for the quality of the medical terms this reviewer is not an M D and cannot vouch for accuracy However a check was made against an article by Henri Van Hoof in the ATA Scholarly Monograph Series Translation and Medicine entitled The Table 1 Seven Terms Needed Cervicobrachialgie Y cervicobrachi
7. this little paperback com panion not only supplies you with expansions for abbreviations and acronyms you may have never suspected existed it also sup plies you with enough to see that TLAs abound in both English and French according to the same rules of abbreviation con traction and the pressures of thinking far fster than you can type And in this manner it also supplies sufficient material for you to inventively and successfully complete your translation assignment of the Internet chat expressions in netspeak Alternatively as a student of AREs you will begin to truly understand what everyone else is talking about on Tchatche Yahoo fr Though for that netspeak experience you will also need an index of Souriants Smileys these ASCII character expressions of emotion which the Harrap s Computers amp Internet Dictionary also supplies for both languages 14 ATA Chronicle 2001 Content je plaisante Happy I m joking o Choqu Very surprised shocked Tr s triste Very sad Beyond this accurate perceptive and welcome inclusion of Generation X 10 Internet language usage this small compan ion is most useful for general terms in the domain of computers and the Internet and as a carefully researched source of trans lations That is a resource where there is a pervasive awareness of the unknown forces of accepted language usage of the push to standardize the pull to create and the winner takes all breakth
8. Kaplan s latest work in his series of Spanish English dictionaries It is well organized and formatted as a glos sary Source words are indicated as boldface entries next to the target language pair which results in a user friendly lookup system There is no grammatical or phonetic information provided nor does it contain illustrations abbreviations or appen dices The quality of the binding and paper is good and holds up to heavy use The dictionary does a good job of covering terms from both organic and inorganic chemistry as well as the general field itself but with few exceptions does not include chemical compounds from the biochemical or the pharmaceutical fields The publisher claims that the dictionary contains over 40 000 essential words However I found that there is an excess of entries unnecessary for a professional translator For example in the English section we find the word critical used as an adjective in 13 separate entries Instead of examples of the word s use these entries list the word as a modifier of 13 separate nouns where there is no difference in grammatical construction or meaning with each noun except for the meaning of the noun itself These nouns are also included as separate entries elsewhere in the dictionary Thus we see critical coefficient coeficiente critico critical conditions condiciones criticas critical density densidad critica critical humidity humedad critica 99 99 The same holds tr
9. bearer and nonprofessional aid also U S usage What no guerney bearer Even so the cup is brimful Another work of comparable scope in the business field is Affarslexikon Business and Commerce Dictionary compiled by and only available in electronic format from Wordfinder a Swedish software producer This dictionary also contains nonspe cialized everyday words Let s compare the two for a moment and look at the Swedish word lagerinventering Affdrslexikon lists stock taking stock check and inventory taking Gullberg lists stocktaking U S stock check and inventory Not much difference but fysisk inventering physical inventory is only listed in Affdrslexikon Nevertheless I remain partial to Gullberg as it often seems more meticulous and precise I have been painstakingly avoiding Engstr m s technical dictionaries even though they were reputedly upgraded not too long ago from a deplorably low level Therefore I am unable to make any comparisons with that par ticular work that would be fair Sometimes arguably fancy and newfangled expressions occur looking slightly out of character with mainstream Gullberg For example forsdk och misstag trial and error in the field of science and education Perhaps peer review kept untranslated in Swedish could also be expected but it is not to be found In addition to the above mentioned works versatile Scandinavian translators will benefit from consulting Langkilde and Hgedt s v
10. cannot easily be scanned and the inadequacy of fabricating an English Swedish volume by simply turning around or mirroring the Swedish English volume in its present digital format which would likely create a vacuum of essential and desirable English terms that would then have to be added Despite its wide range which is also apparent from a full seven page listing of abbreviations of the areas covered I have always felt that Gullberg s forte was within the fields of business economy industry and society And true to that tradition a list of countries their currencies and respective three letter abbreviations have been added at the beginning of the first vol ume Even when looking up a technical term one should be able to find the approximate or nearly approximate social or cultural term it relates to Example After pappersmassa pulp paper wood pulp and pappersmassefabrik pulp mill we find Pappersmassef6rbundet the Swedish Pulp Employers Federation now part of Sveriges Skogsindustrif6rbund or SSIF the Swedish Association of Skin and Leather Goods Manufacturers Needless to say collocations on such a massive scale are rare or nonexistent in other comparable works from the other Nordic countries or anywhere else for that matter If we compare with Jyrki K Talvitie s and Ahti Hytonen s Finnish English Technical and Business Dictionary there is a large slate slugs of terms for pulp paperi massa as could be expected but
11. comes as another welcome addition You will no longer have to remember for example that although the verb acqu rir to acquire ends in ir it does not belong to the second group of verb conjugations but to a subcategory rir of the third group ending in re Much less that this subcategory is defined in terms of its present participle ending in ant in contrast to issant Similarly for English you will no longer have to gear into a cognitive overload mode to recite bereave bereaved bereft draw drew drawn Just type in your verb and presto the conjugate function will list all the forms you need but never had the opportunity to query Add to the conjugate function a grammatical search function a seventh media specific highlight and your typical hard copy grammatical compendi um will be strikingly enhanced with the navigational flexibility of click and search or type and search and the inclusion of a few hyperlinks within the grammatical explanations for nonlinear consultation The Harrap s Shorter CD ROM is a superbly designed application precisely because instead of replicating the print mode it surprises you with that extra dimension of novel features that pertain exclusively to the digital domain The features that have been reviewed the pop up mode audio pronunciation of terms multiple indexing the Converter links to the Web the conju gate and grammar functions are unique to th
12. conclude from this review that Lingvo is the ultimate answer to the translator s prayers and that Multilex is not needed anymore Not at all Both are helpful They do not overlap 100 percent neither in composition refer back to the tables nor in entries within the same type dictionaries I search Lingvo first and if I don t find or am not satisfied with the 12 ATA Chronicle 2001 answer I turn to Multilex If I am still not satisfied I go to my paper dictionaries Incidentally numerous reports on the death of the latter are greatly exaggerated Do not discard them just yet Conclusions Lingvo 6 5 offers an instantaneous search of almost a million terms in several general and specialized dictionaries Its inter face is user friendly and most of its Cyrillic features are supported on the U S version of Windows It is not expensive and does not require the latest model PC Lingvo 6 5 comes with an editable user dictionary and a utility DSL Compiler that con verts text files into a Lingvo compatible dictionary We recommend it for English lt gt Russian translators as a valuable addition to other paper and electronic dictionaries As we were writing this review Abby Software released a new version of the dictionary Lingvo 7 0 which includes two additional dictionaries the 70 000 entry Russian English Medical Dictionary with a 52 000 entry English Russian index and the 50 000 entry English Russian Legal Dictionary with a 22 000 e
13. in Dorland or Stedman Such easy cognates are specifically omitted from this dictionary which concentrates on terms that require user knowledge of the two languages and the subject matter fields There was a term in the handwritten test document that could be a variant or an error deciphered as tentens but not found in the Schreiber or anywhere else for that matter However TENS transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation neurology and physical therapy was included From the context this was a likely candidate These results show the excellent coverage by the Schreiber for this tiny one page test of a handwritten diagnosis In actual fact for this document instead of a single source the translator had to look in two editions of Flammarion the Canadian databases on CD ROM Termium and Le Grand Dictionnaire and the Internet not to mention English sources such as The Merck Manual Dorland s Medical Dictionary and Stedman s Electronic Medical Dictionary The obvious conclusion is that the Schreiber will henceforth be the first place to look About the Author Although it is shorthand to refer to the dictionary as the Schreiber lexicographical credit goes to its translator author Svetolik Paul Djordjevic He has worked as a translator in French and English for over 30 years For the past 20 years he has served as medical translator for the U S Social Security Administration in Baltimore Maryland He studied in Yugoslavia F
14. see Table 2 on page 12 ve been using Multilex for about three years now I ve been comparing the two systems in terms of convenience and ease of use and the extent to which they are compre hensive and up to date In my opinion Lingvo is the winner but not by a landslide in certain areas Multilex has advantages Several reasons Lingvo scores higher are obvious it has more dictionaries they are more recent and hence include more new terms and expressions Here is the low down In fact I will begin with the term low down Lingvo translates it in the sense that I m using this word here as unfopma ua CeedenusA pakmu and lists ins and outs as a synonym Multilex on the other hand translates it as NOMHAA UNGopMauuA and provides a couple examples to get the low down on smb 6uieedamb 6CIO NO HOOMHYIO and to give the low down on smth packpbimb norinyio ucmunnyio kapmuny ueo 1 The Lingvo version corresponds to the For a detailed review of Multilex 2 see Galina Raff Multilingual Computing amp Technology 24 April May 1999 10 ATA Chronicle 2001 Table 1 Title Copyright Author Year No of Entries LingvoUniversal E Universal English Russian Dictionary ABBYY AHPIO pyCCKMH CJIOBApb OMEA JIEKCHKH 1999 2000 100 000 LingvoUniversal R Universal Russian English Dictionary ABBYY PycckO aHnIMHCkKHH CHOBapb OOMIEH JIEKCHKN 1999 2000 85 000 LingvoEconomy E Engl
15. the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM the following pro gram specifications are of importance The Harrap s Shorter CD ROM runs on a PC system and requires a Pentium 100 mHz processor a CD ROM drive 32 MB of RAM Windows 95 98 2000 or NT speakers and a 640x480 pixel 256 color display No Macintosh compatible version is currently available Installation of the program on your system occurs via a standard installation wizard Installation takes about five minutes to complete after which the dictionary is stored on your hard disk for future access Once you have performed the installation and restarted your computer you will have two options for using your Harrap s Shorter CD ROM You can open the program from the Windows Start menu to use the complete set of features offered by the Harrap s Shorter application The second option consists of using the application in pop up mode from the Windows task bar directly from the text on which you are working in desktop applications such as Word Excel Powerpoint or Outlook Simply highlight the search word in your text and click on the Harrap s task bar icon for a translation and the article entry of your search word This pop up mode is the first media specific feature you will encounter It will introduce you to the first major difference between your paper dictionary and the application you have installed This is a popular feature which has been discussed in informal online communications Northern Cal
16. the computer has made my life much easier and now I lug my laptop around wherever I go At first I only used the computer to store glossaries and terminology sheets and over the years I have compiled glossaries from my interpretation assignments on such diverse topics as international crime beauty care space exploration computer technology international finance etc In fact I now set up my laptop right there in the interpreting booth since the technicians don t seem to mind and log every new term I can always check any unusual term whenever it comes up For example when capital forbearance turned up in a paper at a World Bank seminar on Financial Risks System Stability and Economic Globalization I found the esoteric legal term forbearance right there in my copy of the American Heritage on the hard drive of my computer With the advent of CD ROM technology it became possible to store vast amounts of data on a single disk Almost immedi ately lexicographers took advantage of this new development and one of the first English Russian CD ROM dictionaries to appear on the market was Polyglossum The advantages of such a dictionary are clear Not only does it give you instant access to the entry but you can also see a large number of word combinations and translations You can choose from several versions of Polyglossum with the largest English Russian English dictionary containing about 1 700 000 terms from general lexis eco nom
17. the localization of translations is a requirement this feature is especially useful since it is precisely in the domain of pronunciation that the most salient differ ences between major cross regional variations exist Additionally your propensity for stealing this design feature may also be cued by the design of your Harrap s Shorter appli cation where cross indexing functions allow you to direct your searches according to a total of six index options each cor responding to sub lists culled from the complete body of entries These six search options include the main index phrases and examples the full text regional language variations Australian American Scottish for English Swiss Belgian and Canadian for French abbreviations and labels language registers Thus for example you may want to verify whether a term belongs to a particular register such as literary old fashioned slang or pejorative each of which appear as options in the labels index Or you may want to search for a phrase such as option on shares or place an order without having to consult the whole article on option or place And conversely you may want to simply immerse yourself in one of these semantic spaces for an overview of their lexical horizon Together with the supra cross indexing of searches according to French English and bilingual indices and the speed at which all this occurs this is media specific virtuosity and excellence
18. then type in the words you wish to look up No doubt that the minimal configuration requirements just mentioned including both sound and video cards and an Internet connection have already alerted you to some of the special media specific features of this application However prior to reviewing these new highlights there is one super feature incorporated into this application that warrants announcement Navigation of Le Petit Larousse 2001 CD ROM is completely hypertext enabled Hypertext enabled navigation means design modularity and flexibility Finally you can simply double click on any obscure or unknown word within a definition to have it defined as well For example suppose you are looking up the term Polka The definition indicates this is a popular form of dance in the Boh me Bohemia region but you are unfamiliar with this area Double clicking on Boh me will give you its definition a region of Czechoslovakia as well as a brief history of the region This hypertext function allows for an infinite number of double clicks within and across definitions Hence this feature alone defies the linearity of print modes and you will love using it for all the ease of clarification flexibility of manipulation and page flipping economy it supplies upon one double click Even if the term ustr Illustrated no longer appears in the title of the CD ROM the immediately visible and fabulous graphics of the printed Peti
19. translations A couple of glaring examples for mup it comes up with all ceodna is translated as specifically with today as a second choice it offers 95 entries for Oocm ouncmeo some of them as odd as mancus but the first choice is desert while advantage merit virtue denomination are not included This is probably due to the fact that Multilex does not have separate Russian English dictionaries with the exception of the Russian English Polytechnic Dictionary Lingvo is also much better with abbreviations it has more of them and translates them more accurately For instance Multilex responds to FAA with translating Federal Aviation Administration soil classification system but not Federal Aviation Administration Incidentally Lingvo is not entirely without blame with this particular abbreviation either LingvoUniversal translates it as gedepadbHoe aeua uuonnoe aeenmcmeo while Polytechnical E provides edepabnoe ynpaeenue epaikoancKkou asuayueu CLITA There are some points against Lingvo It has occasional typos there instead of their Ooeeden instead of Oosed m etc but the user better present the correct spelling a pair of hands inquiry produced pair oar the desired answer came up after eliminating the dashes And at least in one case Lingvo s response bordered on ridiculous asked to translate computer dic tionary it translated computer diagnosis instead it does not have a computer dictionary entry Should one
20. worth having An adapted version of Ozhegov along with numerous Russian definitions for Russian terms provide valu able support for Russian English translators who are unsure they have found the right English equivalent for the intended context So in the final analysis we would recommend purchasing the light any five version of this dictionary allowing for a customized product including only five user selected dictionaries at the lower price However there should be no illusion that this is the only dictionary you will need for a good translation Keep your trusted dog eared dictionaries close by to confirm any inconclusive or ambiguous search results Finally a word about bilingual CD based dictionaries in general We have used many of these for both Italian English and Russian English translation None of them is perfect but they definitely speed up your work and we always use them as the Table 1 Russian term English equivalent and or definition provided by Context Comments PacueTbl c kpegnTopamn None The program had the following entry for kpegnTopckaa 3aQ0MKeHHOCTE Creditor indebtedness trade liabilities HeHexkHble cpegcTBa npegnpuatna oprannsaynn nnn yupexneuua nognexayne ynnaTe COOTBETCTBYIOLEMYy opnguyeckomy nnn cbusu4eckomy nnyam The American English equivalent is not entirely correct it should be payables or accounts payable and the Russian definition is somewhat vague YcTa
21. 0 following a lapse of some 23 years since its second edition in 1977 That edition was either not reprinted or reprinted only once but since it was done on lead type composing machines which quickly became obsolete no presses were available for further reprinting Also reprinting efforts for instance by way of photocopying were abandoned in part because some of the content had become outdated It has been an absence sorely felt especially by those who were unable to secure a copy before it vanished early on from the shelves and seemingly ubiquitously so The present edition comes in two volumes whereas the first vintage edition in 1964 was one very hefty book Contributing to the reduction in bulk per volume is the paper grade Munken Book 70g which is high grade wood free free from mechanical wood pulp source Gullberg and environment friendly paper but with a slightly sallow appearance and without the previous glossy sheen and smoothness It has also been given a new tricolor striped jacket streamlining it with the rest of Norstedt Ordbok s publications The preface has been culled and curtailed from the previous editions Luckily it still contains the serendipitous quote from an unspecified Danish source defining the lexicographer s laborious task thus By A at the start of the lexicon Mr Brandt is young slender and elegant by Z or he drives around in a wheelchair with a trumpet in his ear of course it rhymes
22. 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork January 2001 Harrap s Shorter Bilingual Dictionary English French French English 6th Edition 2000 ISBNs 0 245 60660 2 0 245 50382 X Publisher Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd 7 Hopetoun Crescent Edinburgh EH7 4AY UK Reviewed by Francoise Herrmann In the digital age of binary 1s and Os there should definitely be more millenniums if only for the opportunities such events create for the publication of new dictionary editions The sixth edition of Harrap s Shorter Bilingual English French French English Dictionary comes in celebration of the new millennium and in celebration Y2K 1 of the one hundred years since the foundation of the original Harrap Company in 1901 in Covent Garden London And once again this is a dictionary whose size seven pounds 2 304 pages 305 599 words referenced and institutional stature belie its affectionate title The Shorter Originally The Shorter was designed as an abridged shorter version of the French Standard Dictionary Currently it is still The Shorter abridged version of Harrap s New Standard French amp English Dictionary which comes in four volumes This sixth edition of Harrap s Shorter comes with 2 805 new words reflecting the vast changes that have occurred linguisti cally since 1996 the year of the fifth edition These new words arise in the world of the Internet e commerce telemedicine and the Euro As mentioned
23. BHbI kannTtan 1 authorized capital authorized fund 2 equity capital NepBoHayanbHas cymma kanntana cbupMbl onpegeneHHas ee yCTaBoM n hopMmnpyemas B OCHOBHOM 3a CYeT BbIPYYKU OT Npogaxn akyn Acceptable translation except for authorized fund and definition VAT value added tax value added tax Cuctema Hanoroo6noxKeHna NpOAYKTOB Ha cyMMy CTOMMOCTH AO6aBneHHON Ha KAKAOM aTane NX npon3BogcTBa n o6MeHa Hanor Ha go6aBneHHyio CTOMMOCTb Acceptable translation and definition OtueT o npvObinu None There was also no entry for OuHaHcoBble pesynbTaTbl which is another common way to express Income Statement in Russian AkynoHepHoe O6lyecTBO 1 corporation 2 joint stock company stock company Npeanpuatue kanutan KOTO poro COCTABMAeTCA M3 B3HOCOB NA L NKOB aKLMOHEpoB yypegnTe JIM AKLIMOHEPHOFO o6wectBa BbINYCKatOT Ha PbIHOK AKUM Acceptable translation 2 and explanation He3aBepluieHHoe NpPOvsBOACTBO 1 inventory 2 work in process inventory 3 work in process 4 work in progress Translation 1 is too general and would not be appropriate The following definition was also given in the business terms dictionary WaCTNYHO FOTOBaA Npogykyna Tpe6yioyaa AONONHNTeENb Hoi o6pa6orTkn nepeg ee peannsayne OCHOBHbIe cpegcTBa 1 capital assets 2 fixed assets 3 permanent assets Acceptable translation XO3ACTBEHHOE OOLECTBO None ATA Chronicl
24. Context www smartlinkcorp com The first thing you will notice after installing Context is the huge array of dictionaries available Version 4 0 actually comes with 37 dictionaries These include the following large volumes Dictionary of Common Words 180 000 terms based on Muller Dictionary of Economics and Finance 110 000 terms based on Anikin Dictionary of Law 110 000 terms by Andrianov Bergson Nikiforov 1993 Dictionary of Mechanical Engineering Terms 200 000 terms by B Voskoboynikov V Mitrovich Russo 1997 Dictionary of Modern Computer Terms 110 000 terms combined dictionary by Maslov and Microsoft Polytechnic Dictionary 400 000 terms by D Stolyarov U Kuzmin Russo 1997 Dictionary of Radio Engineering 120 000 terms by F Lissovsky I Kalugin Russo 1997 Russian Heritage Dictionary 90 000 terms based on the dictionary by Ozhegov Dictionary of Foreign Words by Fedorov and Dictionary of Russian Phraseology Dictionary of Technical Terms 180 000 terms technical dictionary by Chernoukhine 1971 The other smaller volumes ranging from 6 000 to 90 000 terms each cover specialized areas such as international fishing music and sound engineering biological terms metallurgy telecommunications the environment perfumery and beauty care space medicine etc a list of all dictionaries can be found at www smartlinkcorp com by following the links to PC products and the English Russian electronic dictionary a
25. Larousse In a humorous anthropological study of the dot com world called A Field Guide to the Yettie America s Young Entrepreneurial Technocrat Sam Sifton notes that The New Economy is an ARE it is an Acronym Rich Environment p 3 Hence the next time you are seriously contracted for a translation assignment of netspeak language use arising in online chat communication you are going to wonder how to translate all the TLAs three letter acronyms That is all this lingo jargon and slang a patois made up of business speak and geek idiom and pop cultural expression p 127 as Sifton puts it Worse still if you embody more French language attitudes than American ones you may even think that French simply does not lend itself to the following telegraphic style AAMOF as a matter of fact BFN bye for now IAC in any case IWBNI it would be nice if FOLL following FYI for your information LOL laughing out loud and EOD end of discussion Well you are in for a surprise because the Harrap s Computers amp Internet Dictionary not only supplies you with a bilingual glossary of the aforementioned acronyms and abbreviations and many more but it also supplies you with a similar bilingual glossary of TLAs in French AMHA A mon humble avis In my humble opinion AMA A mon avis In my opinion Quoi 2 9 Quoi de neuf what s new K7 cassette WE Weekend STP S il te plait Please Thus
26. OBapb 1995 English Russian Dictionary of Graphic Arts and Publishing Vinogradskiy et al 30 000 AHTIO pDyCCKHA CJIOBApb NO NOMMPpaguu H M3AATENbCKOMY AENY RUSSO Publishing House 1995 Russian English Polytechnic Dictionary Kuznetsov et al Russkiy yazyk 35 000 PyccKo aHTIMACKHA NOJMTEXHMYECKHE CJIOBApb 1980 1996 This feature of Lingvo providing a closely spelled alternative can be helpful Even when it does not have an exact match it can give the translator an idea Example duff as in get off one s duff Multilex offers four translations of duff two as a noun and two as a verb but none of them fits here Lingvo s translations aren t any better but it provides a synonym another useful feature Multilex doesn t have slack and several of its Russian equivalents pacxAOaHHbIU HeOpeskHbIu HEPA UGH ACHU6 bl Heopeanuszoeannolu point the translator in the right direction Incidentally major bilingual paper dictionaries including Galperin Apresyan reproduced in Multilex Katzner and the Oxford English Russian Dictionary do not list this meaning of duff Luckily Webster s Collegiate does have buttocks as one of duff s meanings and gives get off your duff as an example When asked to translate jawboning Lingvo displays jawbone but instead of giving a direct translation it refers to jaw bone which requires an extra click a minor irritation In this search Multilex was better it translated th
27. ON tru versee and con TRAH ver see as well as pronunciation for terms where grammatical variation is marked phonetically For example for terms such as convict and contest which can function as either verbs or nouns and conversely where morphological variations are unmarked the unmarked plural and singular of ombudsman ombudsmen or Orangeman Orangemen Intra standard variations for French include pronunciations for marked morphological variation e g the feminine and masculine forms of plan or for pro nounced unpronounced final consonants e g chantant chantante d pliant d pliante You will enjoy the new audio dimensions of your Harrap s Shorter application for the support these lend to the articulation of terms and perhaps for the striking and enchanting difference of this feature in comparison to the silence of your hard copy 16 ATA Chronicle 2001 I f you ever thought that the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM bilingual French English English French dictionary was just a Shorter And once you have used this function you may also find yourself stealing it that is you may want to hear more pronunciations of major cross regional variations of English Australian American and Scottish and French Belgian Canadian and Swiss You may even want to hear a few additional variations such as Jamaican and Caribbean English or Senegal and Luxembourg French In an era where globalization is no longer a myth and
28. Samuel Johnson Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Percy Bysshe Shelley and Robert Browning Another fact made clear by Robinson s book is that the same ideas about translation come up again and again across the centuries The same arguments are fought over and over including the argument over whether liter ary translation should be undertaken at all It is also obvious that when actually translating many translators pay absolutely no attention to anybody s theories includ ing their own For example Shelley wrote A Defence of Poetry in 1821 a year before his death in which he stated the language of poets has ever affected a certain uniform and harmonious recurrence of sound without which it were not poetry and which is scarcely less indispensable to the communication of its influence than the words themselves with ATA Chronicle 2001 19 out reference to their particular order Hence the vanity of translation it were as wise to cast a violet into a crucible that you might discover the formal principle of its colour and odour quoted in Robinson 244 Yet despite these words Shelley was an avid translator from ancient Greek especially but also from the German of Goethe from the Spanish of Calder n and from the Italian of Dante Robinson 244 Goethe s view of translation was very different from Shelley s Shelley was a romantic believing that each language has inherent in it a unique national genius Goethe
29. al for roBoputs gives Figure 1 o Edit View Dictionary Options Help Saen Lae es Glis g FA x ele ls sl amp a zlet g Computers Networks Programs BB0A BbIB04 NO bIe ONEPALHH NEPECbINKH AAHHbIS MEKAY NPOLECCOPOM HANH ONEPATHBHO NAMATbIO U BHEWHHMH YCTPO CTBAMH 2 BHyrphopucHaa nostra 120 Card PC kapra s804 Panona ROHTPRNAEP conn oon B KayecTBe e10 Card a ANA NPHNOKEHH osuero B Modem Computer interrupt 170 BB0A BbI60A NO NPEpPbIBAHHAM O MEH NO NpepbiBaHHAM i o conversion POpMa T BBogas BbIBOga 1 OnucaHve npeobpasoBaHHA AaHHbIx HS TEKCTOBOrO NPEACTABNEHHA BO BHYTPEHHEE NPH BBOGE H H3 BHYTPEHHErO NPH BbiBoge 2 NpeobpasoBanve npeacTaBAeHHA ASHHbIx NPH BBOge BbIBOgE 170 list CNHCOK BBOgaS BbIBaga Cnucok NepeMeHHbIx B ONEpaTope BBOAAa BbIBOAS 1 0 port Nop BBog4 ebIBAga i o control system CHCTEMA BBOAS BbIBOAS CHCTeMa YNPABNEHHA BBOAOM BbIBOAOM i o limited program Nporpamma cKopoctb pasoTb KOTOPOH OrPaHHYeHs CKOPOCTHIO PaboTb YCTPOLCTE BBOga BbIBOAA Figure 2 Translation Dictionary of Common Words Professional HATH rA HeECoB be on o cnextakne fare 0 gt KUSHH HAH aena Kak aena how fares it gang move o aena tun o nbece stand steer no onpegeneHHomy Kypcy tread owon ew Mo 26 ATA Chronicle 2001 the following breathe colloquy jaw lip parley point proclaim protest put refer say spit it out talk tell Contextual notes ar
30. algia HD hernie discal Y herniated disk atteinte medullaire Y medullar involvement medullaire N medull compounds only discoidectomie Y disc kectomy laminectomie Y laminectomy F R C S c Y Found as FRCS C Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Canada 8 ATA Chronicle 2001 Language of Medicine English and French which basically compares the French to an English base the reverse of this dic tionary Several terms checked out well However in Van Hoof s section on synonyms maladie de Bouillaud is said to be a synonym for the more common rhumatisme articulaire aigu but that in English Bouillard s disease stands for bacterial or infective or infectious endocarditis For the French term the Schreiber dictionary gives Bouillard s disease rheumatic endo carditis with no indication of when which is which or whether or not the two English terms are synonyms Checking on another term cited by Van Hoof for the English translation of granules pigmentaires this reviewer found no entry under granules and pigmentaires is not listed According to Van Hoof English uses a noun instead of an adjective form to make pigment granules Only two minor misprints were noted publication was delayed for another proofreading Laboraotry on p 730 and dilue for dilu on p ix Only one of the seven terms medullaire was not found in the Schreiber but that term could be deduced and its spelling ver ified
31. all it on your hard drive which speeds things up significantly and you don t have to juggle several CD ROMs at the same time if you want to use more than one dictionary Context has other important advantages Very early on the developers SmartLink Corporation of Irvine California made some very smart decisions that now give Context a significant edge over its competition For one thing Context is organized as a library of specialized dictionaries containing close to 2 000 000 entries The sheer size of its database is staggering This kind of modular approach allows its developers to quickly add new modules and expand its database which now contains 37 modules with a new module on nuclear energy pending You can imbed it as a macro in your word processor such as MS Word and use its on the cursor feature which will automatically retrieve the translation of the word or word combination right from the text on your computer screen Context has a powerful search engine and an advanced interface program which makes working with the dictionary easy and convenient Unlike the competition the dictionary is almost infinitely customizable You can choose different fonts and colors turn off those modules which you do not expect to use create your own user dictionary and so on Like many other dictionaries Context is now available online at www paralink com However its developers are now work ing to offer translators more than just access to the
32. ample you will wonder why the Converter does not include more currency conversion possibilities e g from U S dollars to Euros Or why given that these are fluctuating rates of exchange in contrast to fixed conversion rates the Converter is not linked to the Web for all kinds of exchange rates just as there are hyperlinks for select ed terms in the main index Similarly if you do scientific translations you will want to steal some more of this design feature so that it includes for example conversions for catheter and urethral sound sizes in addition to the current limits of shoes and shirts or R aumur temperature in addition to Celsius and Fahrenheit or decimal fractions in millimeters and microns of the British inch or apothecary units such as the drachm and the scruple for conversion to grams The Harrap s Shorter CD ROM points to such possibilities without exploiting them suggesting directions for future updates And as innovative possibilities especially considering that this a general bilingual language dictionary in contrast to a scientific or specialized one these fea tures are a far cry from shortcomings A fifth media specific feature of the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM consists of hyperlinks to the Web Several thousand terms listed in the main index appear with an icon which function as hyperlinks to 600 Internet sites This means that when you click on the icon above the article displaying the definition and translation o
33. arious Danish English specialized dictionaries A note of caution though If you have these in electronic format from Textware a Danish software producer be aware that they are incompatible with the electronic versions of Gullberg and other dictionaries from Wordfinder Task switching between the two often means heading for a crash and burn due to an alleged illegal function call This is highly annoying but neither software company has yet proposed a remedy for this problem which they strangely decline having any knowledge of In conclusion I would like to thank the publisher for kindly providing me with the requisite background information Notes 1 used to be the last letter of the Danish alphabet as it still is in Swedish prior to the introduction of A from Swedish which replaced AA 2 Some of this probably bears a Web search comparison affirmation ake 22 ATA Chronicle 2001 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork October 2001 Le Petit Larousse 2001 CD ROM Publisher Havas Interactive France Publication date 2001 Reviewed by Francoise Herrmann If you are a fan of Le Petit Larousse Illustr a French monolingual dictionary and encyclopedia with marvelous illustra tions you will delight in knowing that this institutional giant is now available on CD ROM The first of the century Landmarks for a world in motion as the subtitle of the CD ROM specifies At first and in echo to the d
34. arious string instruments such as those of the ATA Chronicle 2001 23 banjo the sitar the mandolin and the guitar or between bird calls such as those of a tourterelle turtledove a pinson chaffinch a rouge gorge robin and a rossignol nightingale By entering the name of the instrument or bird a sound file will play so you can hear the differences sometimes a drawing of the specified term will also be displayed to accompany the sound Further you can be certain that the quality of the digital sound is true to life By way of anecdote my usually lethargic cat RockStar slept soundly through all the crickets owls and rhino sounds but headed like a lightening bolt directly to the door perhaps thinking Lunch when the garden variety alouette lark and roitelet wren bird call sounds played Additionally you may be enchanted and illuminated by the short 30 to 60 second animated video definitions of terms In the dictionary search mode terms appear indexed with their corresponding video icons For example when you call up the definition of the term magn toscope video recorder the term appears with its definition along with two icons a video icon for viewing of the video definition and a drawing icon for viewing a graphic still of the workings of the video recorder The short video definitions can also be accessed directly in the video search mode For example you can
35. ary since there are newer larger and more reliable lexicographic sources The two volume Bolshoi certainly lived up to its name but there is also Elsevier s Russian English Dictionary compiled by Paul Macura Amsterdam New York Elsevier 1999 and The Oxford English Russian Dictionary edited by P S Falla Oxford Oxfordshire Clarendon Press 1984 among others In fact there are so many dictionaries out there that the initial fascination with them can easily become an addiction One of my colleagues has accu mulated a huge collection of dictionaries When we go on an assignment together he usually comes loaded with all sorts of spe cialized dictionaries which can be a real lifesaver in an emergency For example during the Sydney Olympic Games last summer in the absence of a solid English Russian dictionary on sports we survived on thin about a dozen pages each dictionaries on indi vidual Olympic sports prepared for the 1980 Moscow Olympics We were grateful however that the Russians did not compete in baseball because there is virtually nothing in the way of dictionaries relating to this all American favorite Lately I have been happy to part with my own paper dictionaries and little by little they have found their way into my col league s collection I have found that there is a better and more efficient way to keep abreast of new developments in the English language and terminology Like so many other people I feel that
36. at its best Compared to the linear rigidity of your hard copy Shorter the flexibility of cross indexing stands as another major difference And there is still much more You will discover yet another major media specific novelty in your Harrap s Shorter application with the Converter This Converter includes conversion functions for weight temperature surface area volume length speed size and currency from or into French Belgian and Swiss Francs and Irish Pounds from or into Euros In the complete absence of such con version tables in the hard copy Shorter do you remember looking for tables in your supplemental references and pondering the conversion formula for degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit The formula may have appeared as follows for a conver sion from Fahrenheit to Celsius 59 F 59 32 x3 15 C and as follows for the reverse from degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit 20 C 20 x 2 32 68 F You may have simplified these formulas slightly by converting fractions to decimals prior to proceeding with your own computations In any event you may now forget these complicated calculations for any text that requires these conversions since you can with the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM Converter simply click in your data including the direction of the con version to obtain the answer And once again as you begin to use this function and to enjoy and discover its possibilities you are going to want to fly with it For ex
37. aywright to that of a theatrical icon To a certain extent this transformation occurred because of the first two translations Therefore by 1972 Brecht could be translated more on his own terms and required less distortion to make him culturally acceptable The wide ranging documents in both Robinson s and Venuti s books include much of interest for cultural historians in general as well as for those specifically interested in translation And both books plus several others I could name should be required read ing for anyone attempting to review a work of literature in translation Svensk engelsk fackordbok for n ringsliv f rvaltning undervisning och forskning Swedish English Specialized Dictionary of Technical Terms Used in Business Industry Administration Education and Research Author Ingvar E Gullberg Publisher Norstedts Ordbok not P A Norstedt Publication date January 2000 third edition ISBN 91 7227 093 4 Available from Almqvist amp Wisell International or other local Swedish bookstores and some bookstores abroad Price recommended SEK 1790 180 20 ATA Chronicle 2001 Number of Pages 2 158 Scope About 200K words and phrases 300K translations with some 25K new words added in the third edition Reviewed by Yngve Roennike The third edition of Ingvar Gullberg s classic and comprehensive specialized dictionary is finally here or rather has been here since January 200
38. cted Clicking on any term brings up its translation and or definition in fact double clicking on any English or Russian word in the dictionary windows brings up that entry in the dictionary 39 66 A major advantage of Context is the ability to input inflected forms of words Thus the program recognizes is 4esIOBeK om continuing ude NpeacTaBIAOINEro among others and brings up the uninflected forms of the related nouns and verbs This is especially useful for anyone who comes across an irregular declension or conjugation and cannot figure out the base noun or verb A useful feature of Context is the ability to install a macro provided with the program which displays an icon on the MS Word toolbar to make it possible to look up any words highlighted by merely clicking the Context icon The program also makes it possible to highlight words and use a hot key combination to look up words in Context A word on Russification is in order here The macro process described above works flawlessly from English to Russian but not the other way around Since the term input line of Context is geared for Code Page 1251 and text written in Word is in Unicode any Cyrillic characters from Word or other Unicode applications must first be converted to Code Page 1251 This is easily accomplished with the use of Fingertip Software s Character Converter Without this tool copy and paste functions from Russian to Engli
39. e 2001 27 starting point for a term we wish to translate The ideal product should provide high quality reliable translations using an eas ily understood interface and input system One of our tests is to install the dictionary and attempt to start using it without man uals If this works we feel we at least have a tool that is easy to operate We believe that operationally from the standpoint of interface and input methods Context fits the bill perfectly but with regard to dictionary content as noted above it is not as reli able as text based dictionaries for a Russian English translator 28 ATA Chronicle 2001 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork November December 2001 Dictionary of Foods and Cookery Author M Eta Trabing Publisher M Eta Trabing Publication date 2001 ISBNs 08 843 15606 Book 0 88431 561 4 CD ROM Price 60 Book 40 CD ROM Available from ibd Ltd or from Eta Trabing Reviewed by Lilian Novas Van Vranken Specialty or field Foods fruits vegetables herbs fish seafood meats etc international cooking and nutrition terminology Language s English into Spanish dictionary with Spanish to English reference section with Latin binomials No of pages and or entries 290 pages plus 77 pages Spanish to English reference section 367 pages Type and quality of binding Soft cover spiral binding Quality of paper and print Regular white pape
40. e digital medium that supports this tool And just as we have witnessed the won drous and explosive development of software versions such as the trajectory of Microsoft Word version to Word version 2000 there is a fabulous new set of possibilities that opens up in the world of tools in support of translation These are hinted and stolen possibilities where all that has been harnessed for the first time in the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM will continue to mature in ways that will amaze and surprise us further Legitimately we can always gripe at the current immaturity of cross referencing That is for example the fact that it is not yet possible to click within an article entry and be connected to another or cannot gain direct access to a conjugated form without having to invoke a separate function But in the research and development tradition of software trajectories we should somehow rest assured that version 1 is its infancy and that we are merely participating in a design conversa tion that will propel updates and enhancements Before letting you discover for yourself all of the new media specific highlights of your Harrap s Shorter CD ROM there is one more surprise worth mentioning The interface is just beautiful replete with multicolored and enchanting icons elegant mouseovers lightning speed results and ever so slick and smooth navigation I guarantee that you will enjoy this application and further that you will find it immensely usef
41. e given for several of these in Russian As you can imagine typing in the word naer provides some very interesting and amusing translations see Figure 2 The translation to go is listed as the 14th translation for this term An English speaker expects to have the most relevant uses of the term first followed by a list of the more obscure For instance for rosoputb Katzner s English Russian Russian English Dictionary shows to speak talk to say tell to make deliver a speech to indicate among others Thus to use a dictionary of this sort for words with multiple broad meanings you need a good idea of what you re look ing for at the outset In other words it may only point you in a direction that needs to be confirmed in a good Russian English dictionary Moving on to more specific applications I tested the dictionaries with some fairly common business and financial terms my area of specialization with the results given in Table 1 So is this a good dictionary for Russian English translators The answer is a qualified yes First of all this dictionary like any other should be used in combination with other dictionaries for the purposes of further confirmation and clarifi cation The wealth of information is impressive but the occasional odd translations for common words as noted above can be annoying The speed of access ability to look up inflected terms and the easy to use interface make this a dictionary
42. e noun jawbone as HAKUM nalika OyOuna and the verb as naxxumamb OKAZbIGaMD epyObll HaskUuUM Ceepxy When asked to translate Aurora boreal Lingvo responded with aurora borealis ceeepnoe norapnoe cuanue Multilex displayed the Not found message But there are opposite examples as well Neither dictionary recognizes tailspin according to Webster s the word tail spin has been in existence since ca 1917 Multilex recognizes tail spin and shows tail spin Lingvo only responds to tail spin For tailspin it shows tails and its synonyms tail coat and dress coat and for tail spin tail spring of casing spear Multilex clearly wins here and also in a number of other cases e g heads up cum laude shockheaded hands down Lingvo only understands the latter term without the hyphen to name a few Along with the translation of a term Lingvo provides examples of its usage including idiomatic expressions and proverbs Lingvo s Russian Business Lexicon Thesaurus is also a helpful inclusion A nonnative speaker of either language might find the Paradigm feature which displays all forms of the word from the Edit line useful Another area where Lingvo has an advantage over Multilex is that it searches Russian terms as fast as English ones Multilex is much slower with Russian than with English my experience here is different from Alexandre Mikheev s ATA Chronicle February 2001 p 63 and sometimes it offers completely unexpected
43. e to the import of Anglicisms A few Frequently Asked Questions FAQ boxes are also included to high light further controversies of usage The cover of this paperback dictionary and all of those in the series sporting HARRAP S in bold red letters on a black background is also identical to the Harrap s Shorter Bilingual Dictionary French English English French design which per haps explains why it is presented as an indispensable companion to the Shorter In the ever changing and lightning speed world of the Internet which has been characterized as an innovative supply chain Vijayaraghavan 1998 it is an exercise in futility to find a dictionary in print that has successfully kept up with the terminological frontier in this domain With the exception of the TERMIUM database perhaps whose teams of translators and terminologists input terms on a continuous basis fighting fire with fire there is simply no way to keep up especially in the print medium Consequently rather than focusing on what this small paperback inevitably does not include and it lacks a lot in terms of for example RIPs Routing Information Protocols raster files Internet telephony and even mouseovers P1 emphasize what this wonderful little resource does supply That is a Jot that you will not find in your Shorters or in other large French English English French institutional giants such as the Robert amp Collins or the
44. eletion of the term Illustr Ilustrated in the title of the CD ROM you will perhaps miss the crisp and colorful pages of the printed version with its laser sharp graphics and truly wondrous figures plates and diagrams that served to enliven and add further clarity to the definitions However you can trust Havas Interactive France the software developers to supply you with a set of inno vative and outstanding features unique to the new medium of the CD ROM that will assist you in unprecedented ways Le Petit Larousse 2001 CD ROM requires the following minimal configuration a Pentium 133 microprocessor with 32 MB of RAM Windows 95 98 2000 or NT 4 0 a CD ROM a MB video card a sound card compatible with Sound Blaster 16 and a modem Using a standard installation wizard three different kinds of installation options are available minimal partial and complete These options are useful since depending on the amount of memory available on your hard drive possibly very little especially with all your other digital dictionaries you can choose to install a version that will either work directly from your hard drive or the CD ROM Once Le Petit Larousse 2001 has been installed you can use it in pop up mode by clicking on the Larousse task bar icon in applications such as Word Excel Outlook and PowerPoint Then all you have to do is highlight the term you wish to define You can also open the application from the Windows Start Menu and
45. f a tagged term you will be connected to a Website that is related in content or activity to the term in question Thus for example when you click on the icon corre sponding to the term Hypertext in the English French direction of the dictionary one of the sites to which you will be con nected to is the University Paris XIII Hypermedia Program of Studies From there you can peruse the site which includes course lecture notes and course materials Clearly the advantage of such links consists in the gateway that is opened to an unprece dented wealth of source materials and contextualizations all of which complement in a uniquely live encyclopedic mode the traditional definitions and examples of the term searched Again it is easy to steal this feature and to wonder why such links ATA Chronicle 2001 17 are not far more numerous or perhaps exclusive of sites in the U S and worldwide But then again it seems only fair to con sider this a well harnessed electronic feature at the service of the translator s tasks filled with the quantum leaps of future ver sions and updates A sixth media specific feature of the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM consists of the Conjugate function This function allows you to search the syntactic form of any verb in English or French Considering that your hard copy Shorter in typical hard copy tradi tion only points you to the main patterns of the verbal system of either French or English this feature
46. find short animated video definitions for various organ functions such as those of the heart ear and muscles You will find these animated definitions strikingly similar to the graphic still definitions found in the printed version of the dictionary with an additional outstanding increase in clarification supplied by animation and sound Perhaps the only shortcoming is that so few video definitions 20 in all are included no doubt because of memory capacity restrictions All of the useful manufacturing and process diagrams of the printed version some of which appear in the CD ROM are particularly well suited to animation and could only fur ther enhance the quality and usefulness of the tool Similarly the quantum list of composers included in the corpus of the dictionary could be enhanced with corresponding sound files to illustrate the types of musical compositions these individ uals created instead of only providing a limited sound library from the most famous composers though here again the lim ited amount of musical composition files may be due to exorbitant licensing fees Add still more to the media content of Le Petit Larousse 2001 CD ROM in the form of links to the World Wide Web for 2 000 terms and both the visual and encyclopedic dimensions of the printed Le Petit Larousse have been deeply transformed Beyond the super modularity of word searches and the new transformed treatment of graphics in the multiple media mod ule Le Petit La
47. h a rule is marked in the text next to the listed term allowing for quick ref erence to the grammatical compendium that has been inserted at the center of the dictionary Thus for example the English terms kinetics economics and politics as nouns with an ics suffix are all referenced to an English grammatical note pertain ing to subject verb agreement Economics is a difficult subject versus The economics of the project are to be considered Conversely for French terms there are grammatical references for such terms as Je j referring to ellipsis or for the terms ann e year journ e day matin e morning and soir e evening referring to the use of these feminine forms in contrast to their masculine forms an year jour day matin morning soir evening This referencing appears as bold characters in parenthesis in the listed text and is easy to find in the central blue grammatical compendium section Finally in the popular and new era of translation localization that is the era where it does matter whether the audience is Canadian or Parisian French or American or British English or Mexican or Argentinian Spanish it follows that the British roots of The Shorter also matter Perhaps not to the extent of claiming mutual unintelligibility of these major language variations but cer tainly for some of the finer differences Thus you ll find tha
48. ian Windows and localized applications so some functionality is lost when it is installed on U S Windows for example the Russian language inter face and copy and paste function are not supported on the computer with a typical OS configuration The user manual is in Russian only The activation of the Cyrillic portion of Multilanguage Windows Support is mandatory Control Panel gt Add Remove Program gt Windows Setup as is the installation of the Russian keyboard included with Windows or one of the commercially available Cyrillic keyboard drivers Lingvo 6 5 installs its own Cyrillic fonts I had no difficulty installing Lingvo 6 0 but installation of Lingvo 6 5 stalled so I had to write to technical support It took almost a day to fix my problem which was caused by a well known anti virus software McAfee All correspondence was in Russian and at the end I received instructions on editing system files I have been using Lingvo electronic dictionaries for about two years and can attest to the software stability It does not cause system crashes and does not interfere with other applications including other electronic dictionaries Content and Usability By Boris Silversteyn Lingvo 6 5 is a collection of several English Russian and Russian English dictionaries listed in Table 1 on the following page While using Lingvo 6 5 I couldn t help comparing it to another family of electronic dictionaries Multilex 2 0 1997 also developed in Russia
49. ics and finance business bank terminology business correspondence polytechnic mathematics medicine computer tech nology and ecology The Multilex dictionary with 250 000 entries brings together on one CD ROM the New Comprehensive English Russian Dictionary edited by E M Mednikova and Yu D Apresyan Russky Yazyk Publishers 1993 the English Russian Dictionary of Construction S K Kashkin S M Korchemkin S V Kurbatov 1995 the English Russian Dictionary of H verybody will agree that there is something very fascinating about dictionaries I remember when I got hooked on lan ATA Chronicle 2001 3 Economics and Finance A V Anikin the English Russian Dictionary of Graphic Art and Publishing Russo Publisher 1993 the English Russian Law Dictionary Russo Publishers 1993 and the Russian English Polytechnic Dictionary Russo Publisher 1996 It contains 2 300 000 English and Russian words and in my opinion has a lexicographical edge over Polyglossum It was compiled by converting the existing paper dictionaries into an electronic format largely preserving the layout The body of each entry looks almost exactly the same as you see it on paper but is enhanced with different fonts and colors which make it pleasing to the eye Each article details the different meanings of the keyword and provides examples of its usage which is particularly valuable For example carte blanche kapt 6J1aHul to give carte blanche
50. ifornia Translators Association 2001 commenting on the use of the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM in particular and elsewhere Mikheev ATA Chronicle Feb 2001 This feature is popular considering that it overcomes the somewhat effortful searching process in both traditional flip page hard copy modes and less mature electronic modes where the search word must be typed into the application from outside of the text on which your are working Out of pop up mode working from within the full version the Harrap s Shorter application launched from the Windows Start menu the second new and major media specific feature that you will discover consists of the audio recording of 60 000 words This feature will enable you to listen to a recorded pronunciation of the words listed in the main index that have a small loudspeaker icon next to them This is an immensely useful feature for all learners of French or English and further for all nonnatives who may for example experience occasional trouble with the rules of word stress in English or the articulation of certain vowels in French for example nasal vowels and y as in mur wall The pronunciation supplied for these terms is referred to as received pronunciation RP for English and standard Parisian SP for French with some intra standard variations included for both languages For example Intra standard variations for English include the famous two pronunciations for the term controversy C
51. in Danish You can also find the memorable quote Vieles ist bekannt aber leider in verschiedenen K pfen by Werner Kollath The new edition has been expanded with new material gleaned by Ingvar Gullberg himself However he was precluded from participating in the actual work on the third edition due to his advanced age A project group of editors and freelance col laborators was subsequently co opted The dictionary covers a wide spectrum indeed as was always its hallmark Moreover it is not restricted specifically to Swedish language users as it purports to be for all those in the Nordic countries having contact with the English language field For instance there is a liberal sprinkling of names of institutions establishments foundations and the like of the other Nordic countries and their English translations British American etc institutions in all their manifestations are also translated or rather back translated which raises the question as to why there is not a Gullberg dictionary going from English to Swedish per se as that is where you would naturally look for such entries The publisher s response is that they have been looking to compile just such a dictionary but efforts were hampered by several factors For example the lack of financial backers the fact that Ingvar Gullberg s assiduously collected material is stored on approximately one million machine typed business card sized manuscript cards that
52. in the Harrap s 2000 preface to the sixth edition Now more people go surfing on the Internet than at the beach Additionally and of novel practical significance there is an article supplement about the Internet in the initial pages of the dictionary which places these new words in narrative context Thus if you are in need of a firewall mur coupe feu to protect your system from a bunch of hackers pirates informatiques or bidouilleurs when your shopping cart panier is full then you are in for a good explanatory treat in narrative format Similarly if you have no idea how to pronounce Vincent Guerin balthatzar fr in French you will find Vincent point Gu rin arrobas balthazar point F R not to mention those familiar acronyms such as ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network or ISP Internet Service Provider which respectively and magically yield RNIS R seau num rique a integration de service and Fournisseur d acc s l Internet And finally if you are unhappy on a low traffic diffusion restreinte mailing list you may want to quickly switch to high traffic grande diffusion And if you are pondering how to translate those familiar desktop features such as drop down menus menus d roulants status bars barres d tat toolbars barres d outils and navigation bars barres de nagivation then again you are in for a
53. ir library database They want to implement an online user dictionary so that every translator can build his own dictionary or share one with other translators thus keeping it alive by adding new entries to it Notes 1 The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language Boston Houghton Mifflin 2000 4th ed 4 ATA Chronicle 2001 2 Webster s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged Springfield Mass Merriam Webster 1993 p Sa 3 Comprehensive English Russian Dictionary Under the general editorship of I R Galperin and E M Mednikova 4th imprint cor rected with an appendix Moscow Russkii iazyk 1987 1988 4 Polyglossum II ver 1 20 ETS Ltd 1996 5 English Russian Electronic Multilex 2 0 Copyright MediaLingua JSC 1996 1997 6 CONTEXT for Windows Version 3 51 24 Win32 Copyright 1992 1997 Infromatic Corp Moscow Russia ATA Chronicle 2001 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork April 2001 English Spanish Spanish English Chemistry Dictionary Author Steven M Kaplan Publisher Wiley Interscience John Wiley amp Sons Inc Publication date 1998 ISBN 0 471 24923 8 Available from IBD Ltd Barnes amp Noble Borders Price 44 95 Number of pages 530 Reviewed by M Gabriela Nanni Chemistry is such a vast topic that it could easily fill several dictionaries and it is clear that every effort went into the making of
54. ish Index to English Russian VNIIGAZ RAO Gazprom Dictionary of Oil and Gas Pyccko anrimickun nHaeKC K bostbiiomy 1998 35 000 aHINIO PpyCCKOMY CJIOBApIO NO He TH H razy LingvoThesaurus R Russian Business Lexicon Thesaurus ABBYY Tezaypyc pycCKOH JENOBOM JIEKCHKH 1997 2000 16 000 LingvoSound E Concise English Russian Sound Dictionary ABBYY Kparku anmo pyccKMA O3BYYeHHLIM CJIOBApb 1997 2000 5 000 Webster Collegiate Dictionary definition of lowdown while the Multilex version is obviously more restrictive In terms of ease of use and convenience Lingvo wins hands down First of all it resides on the hard disk so the start up time is very short and term access is practically instantaneous Not so with Multilex it can only be used with the CD ROM in the CD ROM drive Another Lingvo advantage is that it performs a search in all dictionaries simultaneously and instantaneously Multilex searches all its dictionaries as well but the search takes longer and an extra step is required if the word is not found in the open dictionary Here is an example interoperability Lingvo comes up immediately with a translation from the LingvoEconomics and points to another dictionary LingvoComputer Multilex s response The word is not found Search in other dictionaries hereinafter Not found even though in this case none of the dictionaries contain the desired term If one makes a minor typo Lingvo displays the neare
55. ish Russian Dictionary of Economics ABBYY AHTIO pyCCKMA SKOHOMMYECKH CIOBapb 1995 2000 50 000 LingvoEconomy R Russian English Dictionary of Economics ABBYY PycckO aHnIMHCKHA SKOHOMHYECKHE CJIOBApb 1995 2000 35 000 reverse LingvoEconomy E dictionary LingvoComputer E English Russian Dictionary of Computer Science ABBYY AHPIO pyCCKHH CJIOBApb NO BMMCIMTeIbHOH TEXHHKE M MpOrpaMMHpOBaAHNIO Ye K Maslovskiy 2000 50 000 LingvoComputer R Russian English Dictionary of Computer Science ABBYY PycckO aHnIMACKHA CHOBApb MO BbIMHCJIMTebHOH TEXHHKE M Ye K Maslovskiy 2000 35 000 nporpaMMupoBannio reverse LingvoComputer E dictionary LingvoScience E English Russian Scientific Dictionary ABBYY AHTO pYCCKHA Hay4HO TeEXHMYECKHE CJIOBapb 1999 2000 150 000 LingvoScience R Russian English Scientific Dictionary ABBYY PycckO aHnIMACKHA Hay4HO TEXHMYECKHE COBapb 1999 2000 145 000 Polytechnical E Comprehensive English Russian Scientific and RUSSO Publishing House 200 000 Technical Dictionary onbmo aHrno pyccKuA NOUMTEXHMYECKHE CJIOBApb 1997 Polytechnical R Russian English Index to Comprehensive English Russian RUSSO Publishing House 120 000 Scientific and Technical Dictionary Pyccxo anrmm cku nnec K bompiiomy 1997 aHIIO PyCCKOMY NOJIMTEXHHYECKOMY CJIOBApIO Oil and Gas E English Russian Dictionary of Oil and Gas VNIIGAZ RAO Gazprom 50 000 bonbmo AHEIO pyCCKUA CJIOBapb NO HETH M ra3y 1998 Oil and Gas R Russian Engl
56. ition maintains the same familiar look and speaks with the same authority as the first edition published 30 years ago and I still consider it to be an authoritative and reliable tool But it is the ubiquitous computer that has helped to make the American Heritage such a phenomenal success and an efficient tool of the translator today The dictionary is now available on CD ROM and you can also install it on the hard drive of your comput er which can speed up your search time quite a bit However some paper dictionaries simply refuse to die Webster s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language has a vocabulary of 450 000 words and phrases and absorbed 757 editor years but this mind boggling figure does not include the time invested by typists photocopiers clerical assistants and that of over 200 consultants When this new edi tion was first published scholars criticized it for being too discriminating in the different shades of meaning but this is what translators survive on and over the years the dictionary has proved to be invaluable for any English language translator The sheer quality and breadth of this lexicographical work guaranteed Webster s Third a very special place among paper dictionar ies and you will find a copy in virtually any university library As of this year it is also available on CD ROM But in the real world of English Russian translation few professionals would think of consulting the Muller diction
57. mp Symbols Baltimore 1992 ISBN 0 683 07926 3 ATA Chronicle 2001 9 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork July 2001 The LINGVO 6 5 System of Electronic Dictionaries Publisher ABBYY Software House Moscow Russia www abbyy ru Publication date 2000 ISBN n a Price and where available 30 Russian Shopping Club www russianshopping com Reviewed by Galina Raff and Boris Silversteyn Technical Review By Galina Raff The minimum computer requirements for Lingvo 6 5 are fairly low It works on a Pentium PC 133 MHz or higher Windows 95 or higher withl6 MB RAM and 80 to 120 MB of free space on the hard drive The installation is straightforward If you plan to install Lingvo 6 5 on a laptop it is important to know that the computer must have a 3 5 floppy drive and a CD ROM drive accessible at the same time Some laptops for example IBM ThinkPad have a removable module with interchangeable floppy and CD ROM drives This hardware configuration makes installation very complicated if not impossible The two disk installation routine is designed to limit common Russian software piracy While the installation screen appears with several options the default installation is recommended because every option can be if needed modified later via the Tools Option feature in the main program window English must be select ed for the interface The program was created for a Russian user working with localized Russ
58. n Even if I do not translate menus and recipe books full time food related terms seem to crop up quite often in my daily work Translators are very curious people by nature and this dictionary fuels my desire to know interesting terms such as konjak chi rashi sushi bladderwrack pai chiu garbure greenling and pip rade If you ever wanted to know everything about squash and potatoes or if you ever woke up in the middle of the night won dering about the different types of grapes or wines from around the world you will be satisfied with this dictionary In most cases the listing of food and drink varieties takes up a whole page The Dictionary of Foods and Cookery is an exhaustive and trustworthy volume that is worth the not so pricey investment But the perfect conclusion to my enthusiastic search through this dictionary came when I found a term that once made my life miserable while translating a restaurant procedure manual rarebit When I found it in the Dictionary of Foods and Cookery my joy was indescribable To cite Ms Trabing s own words in the foreword The dictionary writer is not the ultimate authority nor a prophet but only a recorder of words and of present usage thus a dictionary should be used only as a guide and not as an authorita tive statement of inflexible fact More than anything the author hopes this work is useful to all who read and use it and to those who just browse through it enjoy I m certainl
59. n easy time Easy on two counts first finding a hit translation and second finding a succinct narrative explanation of what these words refer to how they occur and where they fit in the domain of the Internet Beyond the conscious effort to supply updated terminology and translation this edition of The Shorter also provides a new and uncommon feature termed usage notes These appear as gray boxes in the listings to warn against some of the pitfalls of translation such as false cognates and false friends So while you may be seasoned at translation churning out an average of more than 2 500 words a day sometimes five days a week students may find these reminders of the utmost importance For example the following usage notes are found in the text for listing of the terms engine engineer and umbrella For the term engine Note that the French word engin is a false friend and is rarely a transla tion for the English word engine Its most common meaning is machine For the term engineer Note that the French word ing nieur is never used to mean repairman And for the term umbrella Note that the French word ombrelle is a false friend It means sunshade ATA Chronicle 2001 1 Similarly The Shorter presents another useful reference feature with the indexing of grammatical rules When a term is subject to special grammatical treatment the reference to suc
60. ntry Russian English index published by the RUSSO Publishing House In addition the new version of the software provides better support for Windows ME and Windows 2000 Figure 1 An example of a word search in Lingvo 6 5 main window and card windows LingvoUniversal LingvoScience and LingvoComputer dictionaries lig ABBYY Lingvo oix Gon MEE Edit View Tools Help m 4 0 Pe LingvoUniversal E interpreter in ta prita Cte 1 AHTEPNpETaTOp HCTONKOBATENb Syn commentator expounder 2 nepesoguuk YETA to serve smb as an interpreter pa6oTatTb nNEpPESBOAHHKOM conterence interpreter NEpPEBOAHHK Ha KOHPEPEHUHAX court interpreter NEPEBOAHHK B CYAE simultaneous interpreter CHHxPOHHbIA NEPEBOAHHK interpreted calculus interpreted language interpreted raypath interpreter program interpreter routine interpreting interpretive interpretive code interpretive debugger Sim eS ti interpreter ol oh 44 gt gt LinevoComputer E interpreter 1 uHTepnpeTtatop MHTEPNpPeTHPYyHWasa Nporpamma 2 HHTEPNPETATOP YET PCICTEG a interpreter Pals ES 3 npeoSpasosatenb zane J g d Lingvoscience B command line interpreter command interpreter electronic interpreter language interpreter posting interpreter punched card interpreter pure interpreter transfer interpreter unraveling interpreter interp
61. r with legible print Typeface and legibility Garamond entries are in bold and subentries are indented in bold Overall evaluation Excellent The Dictionary of Foods and Cookery is not only for the translator specializing in the food industry but also for the trans lator who loves to have all kinds of reference materials at hand don t we all It is a very thorough compilation of a large variety of fruits vegetables beef cuts fish pork poultry side dishes interna tional cuisine pastas cooking aids spices beverages wines hard liquor beer cocktails food industry acronyms and cook ing techniques among other exciting subjects Eta Trabing worked as an interpreter for the beef industry for several years and the entries on beef veal lamb and pork cuts are the result of her tireless efforts to gather terms from native speakers and industry specialists during her trips A large part of her investigation was conducted when Internet resources were not readily available so she spent countless hours dou ble checking and researching entries I was very fortunate to have Ms Trabing s first draft of the Dictionary of Foods and Cookery so when I got the new print ed edition in the mail I quickly looked up the terms that had been missing in the first draft and was very glad to see they had been incorporated e g baked beans and black eyed peas After the translation for each entry there is a li
62. rance England and the United States He received two masters degrees and a Ph D abd in Slavic linguis tics Regarding the dictionary the author comments What prompted me to embark on this long and arduous project which took me practically two decades to complete was the frustration I experienced as a French medical translator I found it incredible that there were no adequate single volume French English medical dictionaries general in nature that I as a translator found even remotely satisfactory I translate medical evidence daily and in the course of my work I would come across various terms which the existing dictionaries failed to help me with Intimately familiar with the published French English reference works in the market I am firmly convinced that there is absolutely nothing out there in print that can even remotely compete with this pro ject Djordjevic an ATA member lives in Silver Spring Maryland The Reviewer s Brief Bibliography for French Medical Translators Dictionnaire de m decine Flammarion Paris 1975 and 1994 ISBN 2 257 15399 5 Termium Qu bec 1999 CD ROM Le grand Dictionnaire terminologique Qu bec 1999 CD ROM The Merck Manual 15th ed Rahway NJ 1987 ISBN 0 911910 07 7 Dorland s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 26th ed Philadelphia 1985 ISBN 0 7216 1645 3 Stedman s Electronic Medical Dictionary v 5 Baltimore 2000 CD ROM Stedman s Abbreviations Acronyms a
63. reter 1 aama Dewuppatop 2 AHTEpNpetatop 3 HCTONKOBATENb 4 TonkoBaTenb 3 YCTHbIA NEPEBOAYHK card interpreter ATA Chronicle 2001 13 Harrap s Computers amp the Internet Dictionary English French French English Publisher Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd Publication date 1999 ISBN 0 245 50387 0 FRANCE 0 245 606653 U K Reviewed by Francoise Herrmann The Harrap s Computers amp the Internet Dictionary French English English French is part of a small paperback series of dictionaries called La vie des ffaires Business Life All of the entries for these dictionaries were developed and expand ed from the database used for the Harrap Dictionary of Business This small 5 000 entries paperback was thus designed as a practical resource for all business people students and translators included in response to the tremendous amount of new ter minology now found on the Internet Of particular interest in this dictionary is an acute sensitivity to occurring language uses such as netspeak and a welcome mindfulness of the forces at play inventiveness borrowing and standardization of terms in the fast moving domain of com puters and the Internet That is entries are glossed to include terms used in France and Canada in the U S and Great Britain as well as according to the Journal Officiel a French government publication listing new laws and new French terms devel oped in respons
64. rollary vastness of language developments you may want to consult it first for the obvious References Sifton S 2000 A Field Guide to the Yettie America s Young Entrepreneurial Technocrat New York NY A Talk Miramax Hyperion Paperback Original Vijayaraghavan J 1998 Competitive Positioning for the New Millennium Contract Engineering White Paper Santa Clara CA Comit Systems Inc ok ATA Chronicle 2001 15 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork August 2001 Harrap s Shorter CD ROM Dictionary English French French English Publishers Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd 1997 2000 Havas Interactive 2000 Larousse HER 2000 Reviewed by Francoise Herrmann featherweight digital version of your seven pound Shorter in hard copy format think again And be prepared for some wonderful surprises Based on the full text of the 2000 edition of the Harrap s Shorter the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM is the fruit of a collaborative effort between Harrap s in Edinburgh for the editing of the hard copy version and Havas Interactive in Paris for the development of the software and production of the CD ROM Thus the Harrap s Shorter CD ROM offers the full text of the hard copy Shorter and much much more in terms of harnessing some of the unique properties of the electronic medium to deliver new support features for translation Prior to outlining each of the novel translation support features offered by
65. rough into usage Both JO Journal Officiel translations and occurring translations are listed for example for the terms Firmware firmware JO microprogramme and mail couri er lectronique JO m l Canada courriel Additionally for the term m l mail there is an FAQ box highlighting and explaining the controversial JO analogy of the abbreviation m l with t l telephone though usage includes the use of m l as a noun Similarly you will discover in the French to English direction the JO terms Butineur and Brouteur both referring to a Browser navigateur Thus when there are many possible translations or when you are unsure whether to use a direct borrowing you may want to consult this companion You will also want to consult this companion because the careful glossing will sort out some of your options and the nonprescriptive approach will supply you with possibilities grounded in usage in contrast to random inventiveness or blind and uninformed principle For example you will find translations for terms such as to zip zipper zipped zipp zip disk cartouche zip zip drive lecteur zip which supply useful confirmation regarding direct borrowing into French in contrast to a more conservative translation such as compresser also listed and its derivatives non listed Similarly the glossing will help you target an appropriate translation
66. rousse 2001 CD ROM also incorporates a series of search processing tools These allow the user to collect and regroup articles in user defined files using the notepad icon that is displayed for each dictionary definition or conversely to search for articles and definitions by theme or topic either user defined or pre set For example if you are translating for the wine industry and want to familiarize yourself with the extensive information concerning winemaking that is included in the corpus of Le Petit Larousse 2001 you can define a wine topic search You can then regroup and annotate all the articles you find including media definitions whether animated or still No edition of Le Petit Larousse whether digitized or not would be complete without its famed pink section containing lists of proverbs and quotes which you will find listed separately Add to this a conjugate function that displays all the forms for every verb that is searched and abundantly sprinkle the whole application with the enchanting allure of a slick interface coupled with magnificent access speed and you will have completed this tour of Le Petit Larousse 2001 CD ROM Le Petit Larousse 2001 CD ROM with its fully hypertext enabled navigation system its expanded and transformed treat ment of graphics including an extra sound library and outstanding video animations and its thematic search processing tools offers a wonderful new digital dictionary tool for tran
67. s version 23 The problems some what masked by Rendall s polite phrases are that Zohn s translation is dead wrong in spots and at least twice states exact ly the opposite of what Benjamin actually wrote Since because of copyright restrictions 23 Venuti could neither simply correct Zohn s translation nor commission an entirely new one he had to print Zohn s faulty translation and then follow it with Rendall s translation of the translation An especially interesting issue discussed in Venuti s book is the intentional distortion introduced by translators into a text to make it acceptable to the target culture This is taken up by Andr Lefevere in a fascinating article on Mother Courage s Cucumbers Text System and Refraction in a Theory of Literature 233 49 the title of which is more off putting than any thing in the article itself According to Lefevere there were three successive translations by three different translators from German into English of Bertolt Brecht s play Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder Mother Courage and Her Children published in 1941 1967 and 1972 Each translation distorted what Brecht actually wrote to a lesser extent than the translation preced ing it This says Lefevere has little to do with the competency of the translators and much to do with the fact that between 1941 and 1972 Brecht s reputation among English speakers was transformed from that of an unknown German pl
68. sh do not work Alternatively for words found directly on the Web or in other Unicode applications use a Web based dictionary such as the ABBYY Lingvo Yandex dictionary at http lingvo yandex ru which allows for copy and paste functions for inflected Russian and English word forms There is also a fairly basic user dictionary option in Context which allows you to create your own custom dictionary and access it directly from Context s button bar Another useful feature is a user defined supplemental dictionary that allows a simultaneous search of a term in two dictionaries see Figure 1 ATA Chronicle 2001 25 This set of dictionaries is largely targeted at the English Russian user Most of the dictionaries included in Context are English Russian so Russian English searches are merely a reverse of the dictionary entries This reversal is useful and rele vant for certain technical and unambiguous terms such as reonorna MAKPOCKON TeJIE OH Bpan etc but renders some con textual peculiarities for terms with multiple shades of meaning such as 3aks04aTb MATH CTO etc This can produce some unusual equivalents as is also the case with Multilex another CD based dictionary For instance even with options set for relevance rather than alphabetical order in the program looking up ropoputs gives the following list in the Dictionary of Common Words purport say speak talk tell Clicking on the Dictionary of Common Words Profession
69. slators Page flipping economy and flexibility expansion and enhanced clarity of media definitions with sound and video topped with convenient search processing functions are the new useful features you will discover in Le Petit Larousse 2001 CD ROM All this in addition to what you have already come to expect from this small institutional giant in terms of fine accurate rigorous and complete lexicography Enjoy Context 4 0 Electronic Dictionaries System for Windows Publisher Informatic SmartLink Corp Publication date 2000 ISBN n a Price and where available SmartLink Corp 1 800 256 4814 Entire Context 495 Any Five Russian Dictionaries 125 20 discount for ATA members quantity and site licensing discounts Reviewed by Robert F Taylor and Galina Raff 24 ATA Chronicle 2001 This software comes on CD ROM and supports Windows 95 or later including Windows 2000 The installation is very easy and no additional Cyrillic utilities are required aside from those included with the operating system Multilanguage Windows Support and Russian keyboard In the unlikely event you need technical support it is provided by phone free of charge by the publisher According to the license agreement Context may be installed on two computers as long as they are substantially used by the same person Once open the software is nonreturnable so before you purchase it you should download and test a full featured trial version of
70. st closely spelled word This sometimes helps For instance when I typed dinghie Lingvo responded with dinghy Typing nimblr instead of nimble elicited nimble mind xuso eudKuUU ym Multilex doesn t do this it displays the irritating Not found Another example Multilex responds to stand off but not to standoff Lingvo responds to both If a word has two different spellings for instance with and without a dash and you type in one version neither Lingvo nor Multilex point you to the other At least Lingvo provides a term with the closest spelling Multilex does not Thus when searching for standoffish Lingvo came up with standoff insulator the next closely spelled word which doesn t help at all in this case while Multilex displayed the Not found message Both though responded to stand offish ATA Chronicle 2001 11 Table 2 Title Author Publisher Year No of Entries New Comprehensive English Russian Dictionary Apresyan et al Russkiy yazyk 250 000 bonbmo anrio pyccKu C IOBapb 1993 1994 English Russian Dictionary of Economics and Finance Anikin Ekonomicheskaya shkola 75 000 AHPIO pyCCKHH CJIOBApb MO 9KOHOMMKE M HHaHcam 1993 English Russian Dictionary of Law Andrianov et al Russkiy yazyk 50 000 AHTO pyCCKHA IOpMHAMHYECKHA CiOBapb 1993 English Russian Dictionary of Construction Korchemkin et al Russkiy yazyk 55 000 AHTO pDYCCKHA CTpOMTEJIbHHA C
71. sting of the different varieties For example green bean string bean snap bean n judia verde habichuela verde alubia tierna frijol verde Mex ejote Arg chaucha es la vaina comestible verde algunas variedades son Kentucky Wonder Blue Lake Derby Empress Romano Italian Roma v ase tambi n winged bean y wax bean Even though not all the entries have country specific references most have their Latin binomials in parentheses This is especially useful because many species do not have an equivalent in Spanish and it is another source to cite when there is no official trans ATA Chronicle 2001 29 lation For example gafftopsail catfish sea catfish bagre marino bagre marinus or Felichthys felis In some cases entries are cross referenced For example lima bean is also listed under beans I like this feature since dictionaries never seem to agree on how to list terms I did not see any filler words since there are so many entries specific to the food industry in this work I only stumbled upon nightclub but after all it is related to food and drink The appendices include very useful information such as conversion tables weight and measures oven temperatures con tents of cans in the U S and cooking temperatures It also contains a Spanish into English section which is not a comparable dictionary as Ms Trabing explains but a quick reference to the main entry in the English portio
72. t Larousse Illustr have not completely disappeared In fact the transformation that has occurred in the graphical interface is quite sophisticated Le Petit Larousse 2001 CD ROM not only supplies the same though in less er quantity beautiful maps photos flags and drawings as the printed version it also includes a sound library video anima tions and links to the World Wide Web These media components functioning to clarify and illustrate the meanings of dic tionary terms appear indexed by their corresponding icons when a dictionary entry is called up They can also be searched separately in the media search module of the application For example when you request a definition for plan te planet in the dictionary search mode this term will be displayed with its dictionary definitions and two media icons a drawing and a video icon for viewing and playing of the linked media contents When you click on the media icons these are displayed next to the article entry in a split screen Alternatively you may consult the media content separately in the media search mode This mode contains lists of terms that have been indexed according to different media formats photos flags maps videos sounds drawings Internet sites and even a combined media listing For example in the sound search mode rather than a pronunciation key you will find a library of ani mal and music sounds Say you want to hear the difference between the sounds of v
73. t that site In all the dictionaries include some 2 000 000 terms which is an impressive knowledge base to have on your computer However if you choose the option to fully install all these dictionaries on your hard drive about 200 MB of space is required Having established that this is an enormous resource the next question is whether it comes in a usable form Finding a new term is easy Simply enter the English or Russian term on the entry line and press ENTER A word completion function in both Russian and English shows lists of potential words as you are typing The program searches for terms in all dictionaries loaded or if you prefer in a single user selected dictionary You can also easily change the order of a search in installed dictionaries by merely dragging the buttons on the toolbar If a term or collocation is found in a given dictionary that dictionary s icon is marked with a dot a yellow dot indicates the whole phrase entered for translation was found a red dot indicates the word on the cur sor is listed as an entry in the dictionary and a blue dot indicates the word on the cursor was found during the full text search As noted collocations as well as individual words may be entered However there is no Boolean logic or wild card fea ture for searches but if the exact term is not found or misspelled a tab showing suggested words is provided Another tab shows a list of words in the current dictionary sele
74. t the translation for appel interurbain is a trunk call which in the U S usually refers to a long distance call and that appel gratuit is a freecall where it would most likely be toll free or an 800 number in the U S You will also find that the warmth of your dredon down comforter has become an eiderdown or quilt not to mention the indispensable rainwear your beloved bottes en cahoutchouc rubber boots which you will discover transformed into wellingtons or wellies in British English Thus after stubbornly refusing to back down on the definite mutu al intelligibility of British and American English similar to Canadian and European French you will almost certainly want to con sult The Shorter for texts that require British localization In sum The Shorter is an indispensable general bilingual reference tool for translators of French and English With such features as the effort to stay current including clear narrative support usage notes easy grammatical referencing and British localization the sixth edition of The Shorter comes as a terrific tool that continues to fully live up to its fine and longstand ing reputation Incidentally though in the digital age of binary 1s and Os and for all who would rather discontinue weightlifting with their seven pound Shorter there is a Y2K 1 CD ROM version of Harrap s Shorter with such wonderful and bonus media spe
75. they are all technical Gullberg looks atrophied here by com parison However we do have three solid pages elsewhere in Gullberg showing various Finnish establishments in their English renditions What Gullberg lacks in quantity in certain less covered areas is often made up for by quality and thoughtful triage We have field indications U S versus U K English usage contextual examples and sometimes an explanation of what is actu ally meant by a certain Swedish term if no concise translation match exists Examples The term sjukv rd medical attendance nurs ing public health unfolds in a fan of further expressions such as allm n sjukv rd public health nursing abbreviated PHN gen ATA Chronicle 2001 21 eral nursing care allm n h lso och sjukv rd i Sverige public health and sick care in Sweden and almost de rigeur Svenska H lso och Sjukv rdens Tjdnstemannaforbund abbreviated SHSTF historically the Swedish Federation of Salaried Employees in the Hospital and Public Health Service now part of V rdf rbundet the Swedish Federation of Salaried Employees in the Hospital and Public Health Services and open sjukv rd out patient medical service care V rdbitr de short for sjukv rds bitrdde has nursing aid esp U S usage nurse aid nurse s aide nursing auxiliary esp British usage even practical nurse hospital attendant nursing nurse s assistant esp male hospital orderly and also stretcher
76. tial for anyone interested in knowing what Western translators and non translators have been saying about translation for the past 2 500 years It is probably fortuitous that the time spans covered by the two books join exactly without overlapping Robinson includes extracts from texts by Herodotus 484 430 20 BC Nietzsche 1844 1900 and 88 others in between while Venuti includes 30 more or less com plete texts spanning the 20th century Robinson includes theory in his title but there is no translation theory in the contemporary sense because all the docu ments in his book were written before translation theory was invented Therefore readers need not worry that they will encounter arcane phrases that require translation out of academese before they are comprehensible And Venuti whose authors are obviously concerned with modern and post modern themes has largely managed to avoid writings that drown their argu ments in the semantic terrorism that sometimes characterizes contemporary literary studies One thing that strikes the reader upon opening Robinson s book is the sheer number of people not usually associated with translation who have had something to say about it These individuals include royalty not only King Alfred of England who has long been known for his interest in translation but also Queen Elizabeth I of England and King Duarte of Portugal and poets famous for work in their native languages Dante Alighieri
77. ue for the adjectives chemical homogeneous radioactive and molecular to mention a few In the Spanish section something similar occurs with the entry m todo de XX XX being the last name of the person that method is named after We find 21 entries with 21 different last names with no difference in spelling or grammatical con struction except for the repetition of the same last name before the word method The same occurs with the entry reactivo de XX perfectly translated as XX reagent but there are 52 entries The pos sible list of reagents named after a scientist could be endless The spelling is the same in both languages The composition of each reagent is obviously not explained therefore the list is long and unnecessary In my review I found a number of inaccuracies that would be unacceptable in a high quality translation I will mention here just few of them Boyle s law is not ley de Boyle in Spanish but Ley de Boyle y Mariotte Cannabis should not be translated as cannabis but as c amo Also its derivatives should not have a double n in Spanish 6 ATA Chronicle 2001 Carbonize should not be translated as carbonizar but as enriquecer con carbono convertir en carbono or reaccionar con carbono The word carbonizar in Spanish means to burn out Chlorination is not clorinacion but cloraci n
78. ul far beyond the impracticality of lugging heavy hard copy dictionaries under the palm trees at 95 F click 35 C References Mikheev Alexandre 2001 New Tools for New Times ATA Chronicle 30 2 February 2001 pp 63 65 NCTA 2001 RE Entre Nous Dictionnaires Online communication posted to the NCTA Entre Nous listserver February 21 2001 ak 18 ATA Chronicle 2001 2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS compiea ty Awer Bork September 2001 Western Translation Theory from Herodotus to Nietzsche Compiled by Douglas M Robinson Publisher St Jerome Publishing Manchester U K Publication Date 1997 ISBN 1 900650 00 2 Hardcover xxi 337 pp 124 texts by 90 authors with biographical headnotes footnotes capsule biographies of all persons mentioned in the texts a preface a bibliography of references a bibliography for further reading and name and subject indices The Translation Studies Reader Edited by Lawrence Venuti and Mona Baker advisory editor Publisher Routledge London and New York Publication Date 2000 ISBN 0 415 18747 8 paperback but also available in hardcover xiv 524 pp selected 20 century articles on translation with an introduction five overviews of the main trends in translation theory during various time periods a bibliography and an index Reviewed by Mark Herman The short review of these two books is Yes add them to the list of books essen
79. y having a good time with it and I enjoy it daily Well done erred 30 ATA Chronicle 2001

2001 DICTIONARY REVIEWS Compiled by Albert Bork

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