1761-6.3, MicroLogix™ 1000 Programmable Controllers, User Manual
Contents
1. Instructions Overview Each timer address is made of a 3 word element Word 0 is the control word word 1 stores the preset value and word 2 stores the accumulated value Word 0 Word 1 Word 2 Entering Parameters Accumulator Value ACC 15 14 13 EN TT DN Internal Use Preset Value Accumulator Value EN TT DN Timer Enable Bit Timer Timing Bit Timer Done Bit This is the time elapsed since the timer was last reset When enabled the timer updates this continually Preset Value PRE Specifies the value which the timer must reach before the controller sets the done bit When the accumulated value becomes equal to or greater than the preset value the done bit is set You can use this bit to control an output device Preset and accumulated values for timers range from 0 to 32 767 If a timer preset or accumulated value is a negative number a runtime error occurs Timebase The timebase determines the duration of each timebase interval The timebase is selectable as 0 01 10 ms second or 1 0 second 6 8 Using Basic Instructions Timer Accuracy Timer accuracy refers to the length of time between the moment a timer instruction is enabled and the moment the timed interval is complete Timing accuracy is 0 01 to 0 seconds with a program scan of up to 2 5 seconds The 1 second timer maintains accuracy with a program scan of up to 1 5 seconds If your programs can exceed 1 5 or 2 5 se2. as the CTU instruction is enabled The accumulated value is retained after the CTU instruction goes false or when power is removed from and then restored to the controller Also the on or off status of counter done overflow and underflow bits is retentive The accumulated value and control bits are reset when the appropriate RES instruction is enabled The CU bits are always set prior to entering the REM Run or REM Test modes 6 18 Using Basic Instructions Count Down CTD aa j DN Execution Times usec when True 32 19 False 27 22 The CTD is a retentive output instruction that counts false to true rung transitions Rung transitions can be caused by events occurring in the program such as parts traveling past a detector or actuating a limit switch When rung conditions for a CTD instruction have made a false to true transition the accumulated value is decremented by one count provided that the rung containing the CTD instruction is evaluated between these transitions The accumulated counts are retained when the rung conditions again become false The accumulated count is retained until cleared by a reset RES instruction that has the same address as the counter reset Using Status Bits e Ri And Remains Set Until One This Bit Is Set When of the Following Count Down Underflow Bit UN accumulated value wraps a RES instruction having the bit 11 around to 32 768 from same addre
3. 00 Programmable Controllers User Manual Timer Off Delay TOF j EN 5 DN Execution Times usec when True False 39 42 31 65 Use the TOF instruction to delay turning on or off an output The TOF instruction begins to count timebase intervals when the rung makes a true to false transition As long as rung conditions remain false the timer increments its accumulated value ACC each scan until it reaches the preset value PRE The controller resets the accumulated value when rung conditions go true regardless of whether the timer has timed out Using Status Bits 6 12 This Bit Timer Done Bit DN bit 13 Is Set When rung conditions are true And Remains Set Until One of the Following rung conditions go false and the accumulated value is greater than or equal to the preset value Timer Timing Bit TT bit 14 rung conditions are false and the accumulated value is less than the preset value rung conditions go true or when the done bit is reset Timer Enable Bit EN bit 15 rung conditions are true rung conditions go false When the controller changes from the REM Run or REM Test mode to the REM Program mode or user power is lost while a timer off delay instruction is timing but has not reached its preset value the following occurs Timer Enable EN bit remains set Timer Timing TT bit remains set Timer Done DN bit remains set e Accumul
4. T bit is process is complete and the B gu sl Retract 0 0 U 2 Drill Sequence Start B3 Conveyor Start Stop 6 24
5. Using Basic Instructions 6 Using Basic Instructions Bit Instructions This chapter contains general information about the basic instructions and explains how they function in your application program Each of the basic instructions includes information on what the instruction symbol looks like typical execution time for the instruction how to use the instruction In addition the last section contains an application example for a paper drilling machine that shows the basic instructions in use Instruction Purpose Page Mnemonic Name XIC Examine if Closed Examines a bit for an On condition XIO Examine if Open Examines a bit for an Off condition OTE Output Energize Turns a bit On or Off OTL and Output Latch and OTL turns a bit on when the rung is executed and OTU Output Unlatch this bit retains its state when the rung is not executed or a power cycle occurs OTU turns a bit off when the rung is executed and this bit retains its state when the rung is not executed or when power cycle occurs OSR One Shot Rising Triggers a one time event MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Timer Counter Instructions Instruction v 2 Q oO i Purpose Mnemonic Name TON Timer On Delay Counts timebase intervals when the instruction is true TOF Timer Off Delay Counts timebase intervals when the instruction is false RTO Retentive Timer Counts timebase intervals wh
6. ated value ACC remains the same Note Using Basic Instructions On returning to the REM Run or REM Test mode the following can happen Condition If the rung is true TT bit is reset DN bit remains set EN bitis set ACC value is reset Result If the rung is false TT bit is reset DN bitis reset EN bitis reset ACC value is set equal to the preset value The Reset RES instruction cannot be used with the TOF instruction because RES always clears the status bits as well as the accumulated value See page The TOF times inside an inactive MCR Pair 6 13 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Retentive Timer RTO ma L _ Use the RTO instruction to turn an output on or off after its timer has been on for a ag preset time interval The RTO instruction is a retentive instruction that lets the timer stop and start without resetting the accumulated value ACC Execution Times The RTO instruction retains its accumulated value when any of the following usec when occurs True False Rung conditions become false 38 34 27 49 e You change controller operation from the REM Run or REM Test mode to the REM Program mode e The controller loses power e A fault occurs Using Status Bits And Remains Set Until One This Bit Is Set When of the Following accumulated value is equal Timer Done Bit DN bit 13 to or greater than the preset value the appro
7. ated value is equal to or greater than the preset value Using Basic Instructions Use the TON instruction to delay the turning on or off of an output The TON ine B instruction begins to count timebase intervals when rung conditions become true pei As long as rung conditions remain true the timer increments its accumulated value ACC each scan until it reaches the preset value PRE The accumulated value is reset when rung conditions go false regardless of whether the timer has timed out And Remains Set Until One of the Following rung conditions go false Timer Enable Bit EN bit 14 rung conditions are true rung conditions go false Timer Timing Bit TT bit 15 rung conditions are true and the accumulated value is less than the preset value rung conditions go false or when the done bit is set When the controller changes from the REM Run or REM Test mode to the REM Program mode or user power is lost while the instruction is timing but has not reached its preset value the following occurs Timer Enable EN bit remains set Timer Timing TT bit remains set e Accumulated value ACC remains the same On returning to the REM Run or REM Test mode the following can happen Condition If the rung is true Result EN bit remains set TT bit remains set ACC value is reset If the rung is false EN bitis reset TT bit is reset ACC value is reset 6 11 MicroLogix 10
8. conds repeat the timer instruction rung so that the rung is scanned within these limits Note Timing could be inaccurate if Jump JMP Label LBL Jump to Subroutine JSR or Subroutine SBR instructions skip over the rung containing a timer instruction while the timer is timing If the skip duration is within 2 5 seconds no time will be lost if the skip duration exceeds 2 5 seconds an undetectable timing error occurs When using subroutines a timer must be executed at least every 2 5 seconds to prevent a timing error Addressing Structure Address bits and words using the format Tf e s b Format Explanation T Timer file f File number The only valid file number is 4 Element delimiter Element Ranges from 0 39 These are 3 word elements See figure on The number pagg 6 8 Word element s subelement Delimiter b bit MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Addressing Examples 6 10 T4 0 15 or T4 0 EN Enable bit T4 0 14 or T4 0 TT Timer timing bit T4 0 13 or T4 0 DN Done bit T4 0 1 or T4 0 PRE Preset value of the timer T4 0 2 or T4 0 ACC Accumulator value of the timer T4 0 1 0 or T4 0 PRE 0 Bit 0 of the preset value T4 0 2 0 or T4 0 ACC 0 Bit 0 of the accumulated value Timer On Delay TON Execution Times usec when True False 38 34 30 38 Using Status Bits This Bit Timer Done Bit DN bit 13 Is Set When accumul
9. down motion of the drill for the book drilling machine When the conveyor positions the book under the drill the DRILL SEQUENCE START bit is set This rung uses that bit to begin the drilling operation Because the bit is set for the entire drilling operation the OSR is required to be able to turn off the forward signal so the drill can retract Drill Drill Subri Drill Sequence OSR Forward Start B3 B3 0 0 ees JesSssss OSR HSS SSS SSS Sea SSS SSS Sa Sees SPSS SSS SS Saaas Ly gt gt 32 48 3 Rung 6 1 When the drill has drilled through the book the body of the drill actuates the DRILL DEPTH limit switch When this happens the DRILL FORWARD signal is turned off and the DRILL RETRACT signal is turned on The drill is also retracted automatically on power up if it is not actuating the DRILL HOME limit switch Drill Drill Depth LS Forward I0 0 0 7 U 4 3 Ist Drill Drill Pass Home LS Retract S 1 T0 0 0 qas Sasa ioes eaten Y ata 15 5 2 6 23 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Rung 6 2 When the drill is retracting drill actuates the DRILL HOME limit DRILL RETRACT signal is turned off turned off to indicate the drilling conveyor is restarted Drill Home LS 130 Drill Retract drilling a hole switch the body of the When this happens the the DRILL SEQUENCE STAR
10. en the instruction is true and retains the accumulated value when the instruction goes false or when power cycle occurs H CTU Count Up Increments the accumulated value at each false to true transition and retains the accumulated value when the instruction goes false or when power cycle occurs CTD Count Down Decrements the accumulate value at each false to true transition and retains the accumulated value when the instruction goes false or when power cycle occurs RES Reset Resets the accumulated value and status bits of a timer or counter Do not use with TOF timers About the Basic Instructions These instructions when used in ladder programs represent hardwired logic circuits used for the control of a machine or equipment The basic instructions are separated into three groups bit timer and counter Before you learn about the instructions in each of these groups we suggest that you read the overview that precedes the group Bit Instructions Overview Timer Instructions Overview Counter Instructions Overview Using Basic Instructions Bit Instructions Overview Note These instructions operate on a single bit of data During operation the controller may set or reset the bit based on the logical continuity of ladder rungs You can address a bit as many times as your program requires Using the same address with multiple output instructions is not recommended Bit instructions are used
11. ime Use the OSR instruction when an event must start based on the change of state of the rung from false to true When the rung conditions preceding the OSR instruction go from false to true the OSR instruction will be true for one scan After one scan is complete the OSR instruction becomes false even if the rung conditions preceding it remain true The OSR instruction will only become true again if the rung conditions preceding it transition from false to true The controller allows you to use one OSR instruction per output in a rung Entering Parameters Note Example Rung The address assigned to the OSR instruction is not the one shot address referenced by your program nor does it indicate the state of the OSR instruction This address allows the OSR instruction to remember its previous rung state Use a bit address from either the bit or integer data file The addressed bit is set 1 for one scan when rung conditions preceding the OSR instruction are true even if the OSR instruction becomes false the bit is reset 0 when rung conditions preceding the OSR instruction are false The bit address you use for this instruction must be unique Do not use it elsewhere in the program Do not use an input or output address to program the address parameter of the OSR instruction I 1 0 B3 B3 0 3 E f OSR 0 1 0 0 B3 B3 0 3 1 E OSR 2 3 1 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Timer
12. ions physical outputs are turned off Once the error conditions are cleared the controller resumes operation using the data table value of the operand 6 5 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Using OTL Using OTU When you assign an address to the OTL instruction that corresponds to the address of a physical output the output device wired to this screw terminal is energized when the bit is set turned on or enabled When rung conditions become false after being true the bit remains set and the corresponding output device remains energized When enabled the latch instruction tells the controller to turn on the addressed bit Thereafter the bit remains on regardless of the rung condition until the bit is turned off typically by a OTU instruction in another rung When you assign an address to the OTU instruction that corresponds to the address of a physical output the output device wired to this screw terminal is de energized when the bit is cleared turned off or disabled The unlatch instruction tells the controller to turn off the addressed bit Thereafter the bit remains off regardless of the rung condition until it is turned on typically by a OTL instruction in another rung Using Basic Instructions One Shot Rising OSR 0SR Execution Times usec when True False 13 02 11 48 The OSR instruction is a retentive input instruction that triggers an event to occur one t
13. l field devices such as parts traveling past a detector or actuating a limit switch Execution Times usec when When rung conditions for a CTU instruction have made a false to true transition True False the accumulated value is incremented by one count provided that the rung 29 84 26 67 containing the CTU instruction is evaluated between these transitions The ability of the counter to detect false to true transitions depends on the speed frequency of the incoming signal Note The on and off duration of an incoming signal must not be faster than the scan time 2x assuming a 50 duty cycle The accumulated value is retained when the rung conditions again become false The accumulated count is retained until cleared by a reset RES instruction that has the same address as the counter reset Using Status Bits fe And Remains Set Until One This Bit Is Set When of the Following Count Up Overflow Bit OV bit accumulated value wraps a RES instruction having the 12 around to 32 768 from same address as the CTU 32 767 and continues instruction is executed OR counting up from there the countis decremented less than or equal to 32 767 with a CTD instruction Done Bit DN bit 13 accumulated value is equal the accumulated value to or greater than the preset becomes less than the preset value Count Up Enable Bit CU rung conditions are true rung conditions go false OR bit 15 a RES instruction having the same address
14. l word for counter instructions includes six status bits as indicated below Word 0 Word 1 Word 2 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 CU CD DN OV UN UA Not Used Preset Value Accumulator Value CU Counter up enable bit CD Counter down enable bit DN Done bit OV Overflow bit UN Underflow bit UA Update accumulator HSC only For high speed counter instruction information see chapter 12 6 15 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Entering Parameters Accumulator Value ACC This is the number of false to true transitions that have occurred since the counter was last reset Preset Value PRE Specifies the value which the counter must reach before the controller sets the done bit When the accumulator value becomes equal to or greater than the preset value the done status bit is set You can use this bit to control an output device Preset and accumulated values for counters range from 32 768 to 32 767 and are stored as signed integers Negative values are stored in two s complement form Addressing Structure Address bits and words using the format Cf e s b Format Explanation C Counter file f File number The only valid file number is 5 Element delimiter 2 Element Ranges from 0 39 These are 3 word elements See figure Che number on pagd 6 15 Word element s subelement Delimiter b bit N
15. luated as false usec when True False Bit Address State XIO Instruction 154 1 72 0 True 1 False Examples of devices that turn on or off include motor overload normally closed N C wired to an input 11 0 10 an output wired to a pilot light addressed as O0 0 4 a timer controlling a light addressed as T4 3 DN 6 4 Using Basic Instructions Output Energize OTE Execution Times usec when True False 4 43 4 43 Note Use an OTE instruction in your ladder program to turn On a bit when rung conditions are evaluated as true An example of a device that turns on or off is an output wired to a pilot light addressed as O0 0 4 OTE instructions are reset when e You enter or return to the REM Run or REM Test mode or power is restored The OTE is programmed within an inactive or false Master Control Reset MCR zone A bit that is set within a subroutine using an OTE instruction remains set until the subroutine is scanned again Output Latch OTL and Output Unlatch OTU L U Execution Times usec when True False OTL 4 97 3 16 OTU 4 97 3 16 OTL and OTU are retentive output instructions OTL can only turn on a bit while OTU can only turn off a bit These instructions are usually used in pairs with both instructions addressing the same bit Your program can examine a bit controlled by OTL and OTU instructions as often as necessary Under fatal error condit
16. ote If assigned to a high speed counter instruction C5 0 is not available as an address for any other counter instructions For more information on high speed counter instructions see chapter 12 6 16 Using Basic Instructions Addressing Examples e C5 0 15 or C5 0 CU Count up enable bit e C5 0 14 or C5 0 CD Count down enable bit e C5 0 13 or C5 0 DN Done bit e C5 0 12 or C5 0 0V Overflow bit e C5 0 11 or C5 0 UN Underflow bit e C5 0 10 or C5 0 UA Update accumulator bit C5 0 1 or C5 0 PRE Preset value of the counter e C5 0 2 or C5 0 ACC Accumulator value of the counter e 6C5 0 1 0 or C5 0 PRE 0 Bit 0 of the preset value e C5 0 2 0 or C5 0 ACC 0 Bit 0 of the accumulated value How Counters Work The figure below demonstrates how a counter works The count value must remain in the range of 32 768 to 32 767 If the count value goes above 32 767 or below 32 768 a counter status overflow OV or underflow UN bit is set A counter can be reset to zero using the reset RES instruction See pagq 6 20 32 768 32 767 CTU Count Up gt Counter Accumulator Value Count Down CTD Underflow Overflow 6 17 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Count Up CTU Le a a The CTU is an instruction that counts false to true rung transitions Rung lowi transitions can be caused by events occurring in the program from internal logic or by externa
17. priate RES instruction is enabled rung conditions are true and Timer Timing Bit TT bit 14 the accumulated value is less than the preset value rung conditions go false or when the done bit is set Timer Enable Bit EN bit 15 rung conditions are true rung conditions go false Note To reset the retentive timer s accumulated value and status bits after the RTO rung goes false you must program a reset RES instruction with the same address in another rung When the controller changes from the REM Run or REM Test mode to the REM Program or REM Fault mode or user power is lost while the timer is timing but not yet at the preset value the following occurs Timer Enable EN bit remains set e Timer Timing TT bit remains set e Accumulated value ACC remains the same 6 14 Using Basic Instructions On returning to the REM Run or REM Test mode or when power is restored the following can happen Condition Result TT bit remains set If the rung is true EN bit remains set ACC value remains the same and resumes incrementing If the rung is false TT bit is reset DN bit remains in its last state EN bitis reset ACC value remains in its last state Counter Instructions Overview Each Counter address is made of a 3 word data file element Word 0 is the control word containing the status bits of the instruction Word is the preset value Word 2 is the accumulated value The contro
18. ss as the CTD 32 767 and continues instruction is enabled OR counting down from there the countis incremented greater than or equal to 32 767 with a CTU instruction Done Bit DN bit 13 accumulated value is equal the accumulated value to or greater than the preset becomes less than the preset value Count Down Enable Bit CD rung conditions are true rung conditions go false OR bit 14 a RES instruction having the same address as the CTD instruction is enabled The accumulated value is retained after the CTD instruction goes false or when power is removed from and then restored to the controller Also the on or off status of counter done overflow and underflow bits is retentive The accumulated value and control bits are reset when the appropriate RES instruction is executed The CD bits are always set prior to entering the REM Run or REM Test modes 6 19 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Reset RES RES Execution Times usec when True False 15 19 4 25 Note 6 20 Use a RES instruction to reset a timer or counter When the RES instruction is executed it resets the data having the same address as the RES instruction Using a RES instruction for a The controller resets the Timer ACC value to 0 N bit T bit bit Do not use a RES instruction with a TOF CC value to 0 OV bit N bit Counter T A CU bit CD bit OS value to 0 bit U bit N bit bi
19. ssed it disables the conveyor motion and turns off the drill motor The start up logic also checks to make sure that the drill is fully retracted in the home position before allowing the conveyor to move Drill Home CT ME Drill On Off 0 1 Manuals with Drilled Holes re cD Conveyor Belt 6 21 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual 6 22 Rung 2 3 Starts the conveyor in motion when the start button is pressed However another condition must also be met before we start the conveyor the drill must be in its fully retracted position home This rung also stops the conveyor when the stop button is pressed START Drill STOP Machine Button Home LS Button RUN Latch 1 0 L3G niga B3 SSS e eae J sss353 eee as 6 5 i 0 Machine RUN Latch B3 0 Rung 2 4 Applies the above start logic to the conveyor and drill motor Machine Drill Conveyor RUN Home LS Enable Latch B3 I0 erat oes eae re re er a er eee epee Whee ees ee oS ame F 0 5 5 Drill Motor ON 0 0 Poses t j s 1 Rungs 2 0 through 2 2 will be added in chapte 12 Using Basic Instructions Adding File 6 This subroutine controls the up and down motion of the drill for the paper drilling machine Drill Home a ia 1 5 Drill On Off 0 1 Drill Retract 0 2 Drill Forward 0 3 Drill Depth i4 ee Rung 6 0 This section of ladder logic controls the up
20. t R bit L bit and FD go to last state Control D E U DN bit P E E D E E U If using this instruction to reset the HSC accumulator see page 12 21 When resetting a counter if the RES instruction is enabled and the counter rung is enabled the CU or CD bit is reset If the counter preset value is negative the RES instruction sets the accumulated value to zero This in turn causes the done bit to be set by a count down or count up instruction Because the RES instruction resets the accumulated value and the done timing and enabled bits do not use the RES instruction to reset a timer address used in a TOF instruction Otherwise unpredictable machine operation or injury to personnel may occur Using Basic Instructions Basic Instructions in the Paper Drilling Machine Application Example Adding File 2 This section provides ladder rungs to demonstrate the use of basic instructions The rungs are part of the paper drilling machine application example described in appendia You will be adding the main program in file 2 and adding a subroutine to file 6 Ia 6 The rungs shown on the following page are referred to as the program s start up logic They determine the conditions necessary to start the machine in motion by monitoring the start and stop push buttons When the start push button is pressed it enables the conveyor to move and starts spinning the drill bit When the stop push button is pre
21. with the following data files Output and input data files These represent external outputs and inputs The status data file file 2 The bit data file B3 These are the internal coils used in your program Timer counter and control data files T4 C5 and R6 These instructions use various control bits The integer data file N7 Use these addresses at the bit level as your program requires 6 3 MicroLogix 1000 Programmable Controllers User Manual Examine if Closed XIC Use the XIC instruction in your ladder program to determine if a bit is On When Eig the instruction is executed if the bit addressed is on 1 then the instruction is P evaluated as true When the instruction is executed if the bit addressed is off 0 Execution Times then the instruction is evaluated as false usec when True False Bit Address State XIC Instruction 1 54 1 72 0 False 1 True Examples of devices that turn on or off include a push button wired to an input addressed as I1 0 4 an output wired to a pilot light addressed as O0 0 2 a timer controlling a light addressed as T4 3 DN Examine if Open XIO Use an XIO instruction in your ladder program to determine if a bit is Off When ae the instruction is executed if the bit addressed is off 0 then the instruction is os evaluated as true When the instruction is executed if the bit addressed is on 1 Execution Times then the instruction is eva
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