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User`s Guide - Civil and Environmental Engineering

1. E Insp April 26 1997 B Site Review E Right Abutment E Left Abutment This site was visited by the research team to perform an inspection and to take E Bank Stability photographs A Washington Department of Transportation inspection crew E Upstream accompanied the research team to the site E Pier Data E General Site E Bridge E Bridge Site E Cross Section E Downstream E Bed Profile Data B Pict Wl Site Photographs BB analysis Bl Analysis Continued Insp Jun 26 1995 Notes Page Figure 5 2 4 22 5 3 Date Specific Inspection Folder The Date Specific Inspection Folder is opened by clicking on the next to the folder Figure 5 3 To view an inspection folder page activate the page in the Tree View Structure Pane by a single left mouse click on the icon next to the page name CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg i OF x File Edit Help Date Specific Inspection Folder Bl Satsop Bridge Left Abutment Satsop Bridge April 26 1997 E Static Information E Plot Options B Pict B ES Insp April 26 1997 E Site Review E Right Abutment Bb cp amp butment E Bank Stability How severe is the bank erosion at this abutment minor How severe is the erosion at the left spill slope minor How much does this abutment encroach into the lt 10 of chan width channel How much does the left roadway embankmen
2. Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows NT A personal computer with a Pentium processor 16 MB RAM required 32 MB RAM recommended 11 0 MB available hard drive memory 480 x 640 monitor resolution or better A mouse that is supported by Windows 95 or Windows NT A printer that is supported by Windows 95 or Windows NT optional NOORWD The minimum software and hardware requirements to install CAESAR are 1 Amodem 2 WinZip program 2 2 Installing CAESAR from the World Wide Web The CAESAR program can be downloaded from the web address http www ce washington edu scour with the use of a modem and the Winzip program There are two options for downloading the program depending upon the transfer rate of the computer s modem slow or fast A slow modem is one in which the computer does not have a continuous connection to the Internet The transfer rate of the slow modem is significantly slower than the fast modem and therefore information must be transferred in a number of small units to avoid possible server disconnection A fast modem has an Ethernet connection and has a continuous connection with the Internet 2 2 1 Installing the CAESAR Program for a regular modem Access the web site http www ce washington edu scour Activate the link Downloading Area CAESAR installation program Case Studies User s Manual This link opens a new web page providing access to all downloadable files associated with t
3. Bridge No Local Name SR 101 Date Pu ES Satsop Bridge 101 82 Satsop Bridge 1964 Constructed Waterway Satsop River Datz s 52 94 46 24 14 0 46 9 Subsurface Bed Material fines sands Surface Bed Material gravel Foundation Type pile square round pose on round nose on Static Information Page Figure 5 2 1 12 53 26 27 20 65 344 83 31 1 33 56 fines sands fines sands gravel gravel pile pile 19 5 2 2 Plot Options Open the Plot Options window with a single left mouse click on the Plot Options icon This window allows the user to choose a date specific inspection cross section profile to plot To plot an inspection click on the date of the inspection in the Do Not Plot column then click on the arrow pointing left This will move the inspection date into the Plot column and the program will plot the cross section profile More than one inspection cross section can be plotted Figure 5 2 2 CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg i B x File Edi Help BB Satsop Bridge EB Static Information loug Options B Pict E Notes Insp April 26 1997 s C3 Insp Jun 26 1995 Plot Options Satsop Bridge Do Not Plot Jun 26 1995 Plot Options Selection Window Figure 5 2 2 20 5 2 3 Bridge File Plot Selecting the Plot icon of the Bridge File will graph the as built cross section and the cross sections for each date specific inspection F
4. Analysis Continued Page Figure 5 3 3 27 assessment of scour risk at a bridge site Figure 5 3 3 The conclusions and observations explain and summarize the analysis results There are 8 subject areas in which the program proposes an associated conclusion The subjects are Estimated Total Scour Pier Countermeasures Left Right Bank Countermeasures Vertical Thalweg Degradation Vertical Stream Stability Lateral Thalweg Migration Lateral Channel Migration Shallow Foundation Embedment and Bank Countermeasure Protection 5 3 4 Viewing and Editing Site Photographs The site photographs are entered into the inspection after the date specific inspection file has been created A single left mouse click on the Site Photographs icon opens the Site Photographs page Figure 5 3 4a CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg IDE x File Edit Help B m Satsop Bridge EB Static Information E Plot Options B Pict E Notes ES Insp April 26 1997 EB Site Review E Right Abutment E Left Abutment E Bank Stability E Upstream E Pier Data E General Site E Bridge E Bridge Site E Cross Section E Downstream E Bed Profile Data B Pict EH Site Photographs BB analysis Bl Analysis Continued Insp Jun 26 1995 Site Photographs Satsop Bridge April 26 1997 Right Bank Relief Bridge Downstream Right Floodplain Downstream Instream Bar m Right Floodplain Pier 3 Right Bank Upstrea
5. The Analysis Continued Page is also generated when the Re Evaluate button of the Analysis Page is selected Information on the Analysis Continued Page is found in Section 5 3 3 Conclusions Page 42 CHAPTER 7 REFERENCES Bridge Scour Stream Stability Expert System User s Guide Department of Civil Engineering University of Washington 1996 Microsoft Visual Basic Language Reference Microsoft Corporation 1993 Microsoft Visual Basic Programmer s Guide Microsoft Corporation 1993 Microsoft Windows User s Guide Monotype Corporation PLC 1991 Nelson Ross Running Visual Basic for Windows Microsoft Press Washington 1993 Simon A A Model of Channel Evolution in Disturbed Alluvial Channels Earth Surface Processes and Landforms v 14 pp 11 26 1989 43 INDEX About 13 About Info 13 Alt Key 9 Analysis Page 25 Annotate help pages 15 Bed Profile Data 38 Bookmark help pages 15 Bridge File contents 18 creating 31 editing 30 Case Studies installation 7 opening 18 Copy help pages 15 Critical Condition Message 36 Date Specific Inspection Folder 23 Display History Window help pages 15 dynamic 3 D help buttons 9 Edit Assumed Foundation Depths 12 Edit Current Inspection 11 Edit menu 11 Edit Static Data 11 Entering an Inspection 34 Ethernet 7 Evaluation Results 27 F1 Help 17 File menu 10 General Information Request 34 Glossary 17 Help for Tab Windows 37 Help menu 1
6. estimated contraction scour Show Estimated Contraction Scour can be un selected The Edit menu can also be obtained by right clicking right button on the mouse in the left side of the Main Program Form in the Tree View Structure Panel see Figure 2 4b 12 3 3 Help menu The Help menu provides user access to Help pages and to program creator information Help List of CAESAR Bugs About About Info View Logic Documentation U of W Civil Engr Help Menu Figure 3 3 The Help selection of the Help menu places the user into the Help Context form which is further described later in this chapter see Figure 4 2 2 The List of CAESAR Bugs provides a Help page listing known bugs in the software that could not be fixed at the time of the program release The About selection provides CAESAR author and contribution information The About Info selection presents the About Startup screen Figure 2 4a which gives quick information about the CAESAR program and using HELP The View Logic Documentation provides a form which allows the user to read the logic documentation associated with each component of CAESAR s logic This logic documentation contains explanations for the logic structure and influence of each variable on the conclusions The U of W Civil Engr selection shows the user a quick picture of the University of Washington campus where the CAESAR program was created 13 CHAPTER 4 USING HELP 4 1 Quick Help on top of Main
7. press the CTRL and J keys at the same time A new window should appear b Click the Join tab at the bottom of the window c Click the button with a small folder on it d Follow path to get to C tempscour e Click OK f You should now see the 7 files in the Files Listbox on the left side i Double click the file Caesar1 001 ii Double click the file Caesar2 002 iii Double click the file Caesar3 003 iv Double click the file Caesar4 004 v Double click the file Caesar5 005 vi Double click the file Caesar6 006 vii Double click the file Caesar7 007 g You should now see the 7 files also in the Sequence Listbox on the right side h Click the textbox at the top of the window under Concatenate all i Type CAESAR exe j Click Join k When it has finished working click Done Exit the WinCode program i Select File then Exit Install the CAESAR program a From the Start menu select Run b Type C tempscour CAESAR exe C Click OK 2 2 2 Installing the CAESAR Program with an Ethernet connection These instructions are appropriate for users with Ethernet access to the web or a modem with transfer rates greater than 56k To down load the CAESAR program access the web site http www ce washington edu scour and activate the link Downloading Area CAESAR installation program Case Studies User s Manual This link opens a new web page providing access to all downloadable files associated with the
8. 26 1997 B site TIN To enter a new bridge click on File and E Right Abutment then New Bridge Need to Know Information for First Time Users 18 The Bridge File contains four static information pages and sixteen inspection pages for each date specific inspection added to the bridge file Figure 5 2 The four static pages are Static Information Plot Options Plot and Notes Twelve of the sixteen Inspection Folder pages are question and answer pages The remaining four pages of the Inspection Folder are action pages The action pages contain the visual graphs and photographs inspection information as well as the evaluation and conclusion of the inspection The question and answer pages and the action pages are denoted in Figure 5 2 5 2 1 Static Information Page Left click on the Static Information icon to view the Static Information Report on the right side of the Main Program Form Figure 5 2 1 CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg File Edit Help m Satsop Bridge Static Information E Plot Options B Pict E Notes ES Insp April 26 1997 B Site Review E Right Abutment E Left Abutment E Bank Stability E Upstream E Pier Data E General Site E Bridge E Bridge Site E Cross Section E Downstream E Bed Profile Data B Pict Wl Site Photographs BB analysis Bl Analysis Continued Insp Jun 26 1995 Static Information Owner WSDOT Long Lat 255 362 Roadway
9. 29 5 4 Editing the Bridge File A right click of the mouse in the Tree View Structure Pane of the Main Program Form activates the Edit menu which includes Edit Static Data Edit Current Inspection Insert New Inspection and Remove Current Inspection Editing the static data requires an intermediate step to confirm that the user does indeed want to change information that normally is left unchanged Figure 5 4 Confirmation If you wish to edit the Static Data type ES Static Data Confirmation Window Figure 5 4 30 CHAPTER 6 CREATING A BRIDGE FILE WITH AN INSPECTION FOLDER To create a bridge file select File and then New Bridge from the menu of the Main Program Form 6 1 Creating the Bridge File The first step in creating a Bridge File is to complete the Static Bridge Data Form Figure 6 1 This form appears when the New Bridge selection is made If the static bridge data is not readily available the Form can be edited at a later time see Section 3 2 Edit Menu The program allows the user to add a date specific inspection to a bridge file if the asterisked entries of the Static Bridge Data Form are completed However the program will not let the user view static data until the entire Static Bridge Data Form is complete Enter number of peirs plus abutments Change Format Width here Press Return Static Bridge Data Owner Bridge No What is the sum of 20 piers and abutments Long Lat Local Name fo
10. 2a cccccsseeseeeneeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneneeeeeeeeeeeneeee 34 General Information Request Figure 6 2b eee 34 Inspection Data Input Form Figure 6 2 1a eere 35 Critical Condition Message Box Figure 6 2 1b eeeeeeeeeeeeee 36 Scour Screamers Message Box Figure 6 2 1c eeeeeeeeeeeee 36 Pier Data Tab Window Figure 6 2 3 2 eeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneennn nennen 37 Bed Profile Tab Window Figure 6 2 3 3 ccccccssseeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeneeeeeeeeeeees 38 Site Photographs Page Figure 6 3a eeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeneennen nennen nnn 40 Open Picture Screen Figure 6 3b cccccssssesseeeeeeeeeeeesneeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeneeeeeeeeesseeeeeeeees 41 Clear Picture Message Box Figure 6 3c s eccccccesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeaaseeeeeeeeeeseneeees 42 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The Expert System for Cataloging and Evaluation of Scour Risk and River Stability at Bridge Sites CAESAR assists bridge inspectors with the evaluation of scour risk and stream instability at bridge sites It is written for field personnel with little formal training in river mechanics and scour processes The system improves the quality of bridge inspections by making available to all field inspectors the visual identification capabilities experience and knowledge of more experienced
11. CAESAR program To download the complete CAESAR setup file click on the following url CAESAR 2 0 Executable Installation File 8 1 MB Save the downloaded file in C temp To install the CAESAR program go to Start menu and select Run Type CMempVXCAESAR setup exe Once the program is installed the file C temp CAESAR_setup exe can be removed from your computer 2 3 Installing the CAESAR Case Studies from the World Wide Web Case studies are also available to from the web site http www ce washington edu scour The case study files must be installed in the subdirectory C Program Files CAESAR This subdirectory is created automatically by downloading the CAESAR program so it is recommended that the CAESAR program be installed before the downloading the case studies From the CAESAR web site activate the link Downloading Area CAESAR installation program Case Studies User s Manual This link opens a new web page providing access to all downloadable files associated with the CAESAR program Five self installing case study files can be downloaded from this web page Each file contains 2 to 10 case studies associated with each of five states The following case studies are downloadable Arkansas Case Studies 585KB 2 case studies Illinois Case Studies 900KB 3 case studies Maryland Case Studies 26KB 3 case studies North Carolina Case Studies 818KB 7 case studies Washington Case Studies 1 98MB 10 case studies Each of t
12. Inspection Data Tab Windows 36 6 2 3 1 Help for Tab le EE 37 6 2 3 2 Pier Data Tab Window eshie ge ebe gek geee dE NEE EES 37 62 0 3 Bed Profil RE 38 6 3 Entering Site ee ele 40 6 4 Analysis and Conclusion Pages ENEE 42 CHAPTER 7 REFERENGES nitens aaia araara aa Aai aa aiaiai iaaa ENEE 43 NDE X EEEE EE E E E E 44 APPENDIX A SUMMARY OF SYSTEM LOGIC 45 APPENDIX B SAMPLE OF INSPECTION EVALUATION FORM 47 APPENDIX C SAMPLE INSPECTION DATA PRINTOUT 51 TABLE OF FIGURES CAESAR Icon d UC RE 8 Startup About CAESAR Screen Figure 2 4b ccccccccssssesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeneees 8 Main Program Form Figure 2 4b eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeennnnnnn nnne nennen nnn nnns 9 File Menu Figure 3 1 cinched eren eene nih eee re torre IUe EE Pere ERES 10 Edit Menu Ah UC tein nene ala ette tert tate 11 Set Assumed Foundation Depths Figure 3 2b nee 12 Help Menu Figure 3 3 EN 13 Help Form Figure 4 2 1 a rient ranae rh eae x anans EaR ias issii ativi 14 Annotation Message Box Figure 4 2 1b ccccssssseeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeesneeneeeeeeeeennneneeeeeeees 15 CAESAR Help Topics Browser Figure 4 2 2 seeseceessseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeneeeeeeeeees 16 Bridge File Contents Figure 5 2 ecccceesssseeeeeeeeseeeeesenneeeeeeeeessesenee
13. a function of Lateral Channel Migration Each component of scour or scour risk is comprised of several causes For example node Lateral Channel Migration is affected by planform effects point bars and evidence of channel migration Most nodes in this diagram represent a complete grouping of nodes related to the subject of the node name For instance the node Planform Effects represents a summary of the affect of seven other observables elated to planform The details of each complete logic network are provided in the logic documentation which can be accessed with the CAESAR program see Figure 3 3 46 APPENDIX B SAMPLE OF INSPECTION EVALUATION FORM Not available with downloadable version of user s manual 47 48 49 DO APPENDIX C SAMPLE INSPECTION DATA PRINTOUT Not available with downloadable version of user s manual 51
14. at this point After a photograph title is given the photograph appears in photograph editing form Figure 5 3 4b From this screen the title can be edited notes can be added about the photograph and the image can be zoomed into refer to Section 5 3 4 Viewing and Editing Site Photographs To return to thumbnail viewing page of the Site Photographs double click on the photograph NOTE Digitized pictures are often large and require significant memory If the program crashes at this point the picture file that you attempted to insert is probably too large Use LViewPro exe or another graphics handling program or the software provided with your digital camera to reduce the size or number of kilobytes of the image A jpeg file size of approximately 90 kb is a reasonable size for minimal memory use while retaining high photograph quality 41 To remove a thumbnail picture right mouse click on the thumbnail The Clear Picture Message Box appears Figure 6 3c Clear Picture lt 9 Do you wish to clear this picture entry Clear Picture Message Box Figure 6 3c 6 4 Analysis and Conclusion Pages The Analysis and the Conclusion pages are generated by the program once the twelve question and answer pages of the inspection are completed The Analysis Page requires the user to activate data evaluation by selecting the Re Evaluate button Information on the Analysis Page is found in Section 5 3 2 Analysis Page
15. bdg c Program Files CAESAR Humptulips bdg c Program Files CAESAR example bdg File Menu Figure 3 1 The New Bridge selection creates a new bridge file The Open selection opens an existing bridge file from the file path C Program Files CAESAR The Save selection allows the user to save the current open bridge file information Save As allows the user to name and save a new bridge folder or to save an existing bridge file with a new name An inspection evaluation can be printed with the command Print Inspection Evaluation This evaluation form consists of 1 Static Information such as the bridge number and inspection date 2 Cross Section profile of the waterway at the bridge 3 Pier Abutment Evaluations 4 General Site Evaluations and 5 Textual Inspection Conclusions A list of all user input for an inspection can be printed with the Print Inspection Data command This list of inputs can be used as a record of the choices selected for each 10 question posed by CAESAR in the inspection see Appendix C Sample Inspection Data Printout 3 2 Edit menu The Edit menu allows the user to change static bridge information to edit remove and insert new inspections and to change program estimated foundation depths Edit Static Data Edit Current Inspection Edit Inspectors Name and Inspection Date Insert New Inspection Remove Current Inspection Edit Assumed Foundation Depths Show Estimated Contraction Scour
16. file extensions If you have not downloaded case studies please refer to Section 2 3 Installing the CAESAR Case Studies from the World Wide Web Only one bridge file can be opened at a time 5 2 The Bridge File Contents Once the bridge file contents are loaded into the program the file is viewed by clicking on H sign at the left of the bridge icon The open bridge file in the Tree View Structure Pane on the left side of the Main Program Form shows the bridge file contents Figure 5 2 _ CAESAR WA Satsop 101 82 bdg File Edit Bridge File Satsop Bridge Help Static Information Pages E Lett Abutment E Bank Stability Once a file is opened click on the Bridge Upst t dabit icon at left to open the file and see the i Pier Data contents Question E General Site and E Bridge To view the plot click on plot after opening Answer E Bridge Site the file for viewing the contents by clicking Pages E Cross Section on the bridge icon B Downstream To see a list of the contents of the E Bed Profile Data inspection click on the folder icon next to B Pict the Inspection Date Bl Site Photographs B analysis Bl conclusions amp C3 Insp 26 1995 Action Pages Bridge File Contents Figure 5 2 B Static Information E Plot Options H Pict To open an existing bridge file click on File E Notes at the top of this form and Open a bridge file View Naming Convention ES Insp April
17. inspectors The system improves the consistency and accuracy of site conditions assessment makes on line visual and textual information on scour processes available provides a screening tool for bridge sites and assists in developing bridge code ratings for items 60 61 71 and 113 of the FHWA Inventory Manual The system also allows electronic storage and retrieval of past inspections CAESAR has two parts 1 the user interface through which site information is collected stored and retrieved and textual and visual graphs and photographs help is provided and 2 an evaluation module that assesses site conditions and provides recommendations with confidence values associated with these conditions and the suggests appropriate actions The system was developed in Microsoft Visual Basic and runs in a Windows 95 environment This document is the User s Guide to the CAESAR program Chapter 2 describes program installation starting and general user interaction with the program Chapter 3 describes the Main Program Form Chapter 4 describes using the Help file Chapter 5 provides an overview of a completed inspection with a case study Chapter 6 contains a sample run for creating a bridge file and entering an inspection Chapter 7 lists the references used to write the CAESAR program and the CAESAR User s Guide CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION PROCESS 2 1 System Requirements The minimum software and hardware requirements to execute CAESAR are
18. l 1 1 1 1 1 WW SI 50 100 150 200 250 300 20 400 Bl Site Photographs April 26 1997 B analysis Calculated Local Scour Calculated Total Scour CH CounterMeasure Present een Water Surface Elevation Bl Analysis Continued Insp Jun 26 1995 Plot of Cross Section for Date Specific Inspection Figure 5 3 1 24 5 3 2 Analysis Page The analysis page contains three components Re Evaluate Button Logic Tracing Button and Evaluation Results Figure 5 3 2 CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg Bie x File Edit Help BE Satsop Bridge Analysis Satsop Bridge April 26 1997 E Static Information E Plot Options BB Pict Re Evaluate Logic Tracing C Textual Results Ce Numerical Results I 9 Pier Abutment Evaluations gite J tet Abutnent Pier 2 Pier 3 Right Abutment E Right Abutment E Left Abutment E Bank Stability poor EB Upstream E Pier Data E General Site E Bridge lof Scour E Bridge Site E Cross Section General Site Evaluations Potential Evidence of Potential Evidence of Quantitative Lateral Migration Vertical Stream Stability Contraction Scour by Expert System To the right yes 1995 no 8196 llow unstable 19 Tothe left yes 1996 no 8195 high stable 81 95 0 84 feet 0 26 m E Downstream E Bed Profile Data B Pict Wl Site Photographs Analysis Bl Analysis Continued Insp Jun 26 1995 Analysis Page Figure 5 3 2 5 3 2 1 Re Evaluate Button T
19. the Site Review tab window the remaining tab windows are completed The tab windows are completed in any order except for the Cross Section tab window The inspection action page Plot must be observed to answer the questions of the Cross Section tab window as the Cross Section questions compare the present inspection with the previous inspection 6 2 3 Entering Information in the Inspection Data Tab Windows Most of the tab windows are straightforward and require no special instructions Help is also available for every window tab The Pier Data and Bed Profile Data tab windows do require explanation 36 6 2 3 1 Help for Tab Windows Help for tab window questions is obtained by clicking on a question choice even if you are not sure if it is the right choice and pressing F7 If you need help with questions that are in table format such as the Pier Data and Bed Profile Data click on the row title to highlight the table and press F1 More help information is available in Chapter 4 USING HELP 6 2 3 2 Pier Data Tab Window The Pier Data tab window has a column copy feature The data entered into one column can be copied into the right adjacent column by selecting the column containing the data to be copied and then selecting the Copy Column button top center of Figure 6 2 3 2 This will copy the data in the left column into the adjacent right column This feature is activated when the data is first entered for a new insp
20. to those variables that have changed since the last inspection thus saving the user from re entering much of the data that has likely remained unchanged during the inspection cycle CAESAR Copy Previous Inspection Do you wish to enter the new inspection by copying the data from the previous inspection Copy previous Inspection Figure 6 2a The General Information Request appears requesting the inspector s name Figure 6 2b The date listed is the computer s date but can be edited if the inspection occurred on a date different from that being entered into CAESAR General Information Inspector Inspection Date Aug 28 1997 Continue General Information Request Figure 6 2b 34 If the user does not want to insert an inspection at this time the user should 1 select Continue to the General Information Request Figure 6 2a and 2 select Cancel in the Inspection Data Input Form Figure 6 2 1a 6 2 1 Site Review Window The Inspection Data Input Form consists of twelve tab windows Figure 6 2 1a and opens to the Site Review tab window Inspection Data General Site Bridge Bridge Site Cross Section Downstream Bed Profile Data Right Abutment Left Abutment Bank Stability Upstream Pier Data Site Review Active Tab Window Are any of the piers rotating or tilting C Yes C No Is abutment tilting or moving in C Yes C No Is the bridge rail or deck sagging C Yes C No Is there a blow hole a
21. 3 Help Topics Browser 16 Horizontal w r pier 38 Insert New Inspection 11 Installing CAESAR from the World Wide Web 5 Logic Tracing Button 25 Logic Tracing Explanation Facility 26 Main Program Form 9 Mouse 9 Naming Convention 14 Need To Know Information for First Time Users 14 New Bridge 10 Node Network 26 Node Values 26 Notes bridge file 22 Open 10 Pier Data Tab Window 37 Plot cross sections 21 inspection 24 Plot Options 20 Primary Help Menu Bar 14 Print Inspection Evaluation 10 Print Inspection Form 10 Re Evaluate Button 25 Reference Pier 38 regular modem 5 Remove Current Inspection 1 1 Save 10 Save As 10 Scour Screamers Message 36 Site Photographs entering 40 viewing and editing 28 Site Review Window 35 Startup screen 8 Static Bridge Data Form data entry 32 Form Table Fill Feature 32 formatting form table 32 User Buttons 32 static help frames 9 Static Information Page 19 System Requirements 5 Tree View Structure Pane 9 U of W Civil Engr 13 Vertical to Bed 39 Vertical w r pier 39 44 APPENDIX A SUMMARY OF SYSTEM LOGIC 45 CAESAR combines the information supplied by site observables and provides specific conclusions concerning the scour risk at the piers and abutments In addition it provides general site conclusions for lateral stream stability vertical stream stability and contraction scour risk These conclusions are developed in a hierarchy of logic site obser
22. CAESAR An Expert System for Cataloging And Expert Evaluation of Scour Risk And River Stability at Bridge Sites The User s Guide Draft Developed by Department of Civil Engineering University of Washington Seattle Washington September 1997 An Expert System for Cataloging and Expert Evaluation of Scour Risk and River Stability at Bridge Sites was developed by the following individuals University of Washington Principal Co Investigators Richard Palmer Professor George Turkiyyah Associate Professor Graduate Research Assistants Paul Harmsen Diane Owens Sieu Quan Lea Adams Suzzane Pollen Programmers Joshua Shepard David Landrum Administrative Support Margaret Hahn Andrew McGlenn TABLE OF e EE 3 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION reri rari rase e annona oan a aan Seege ged u a anu ged g Rx nav auus 4 CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION PROCESS ccce 5 2 1 Ee Ee TE 5 2 2 Installing CAESAR from the World Wide Web 5 2 2 1 Installing the CAESAR Program for a regular modem ssssssss 5 2 2 2 Installing the CAESAR Program with an Ethernet connection 7 2 3 Installing the CAESAR Case Studies from the World Wide Web 7 2 4 Starting the CAESAR program on your COmpuler csse 8 2 5 Using the Mouse and Alt Key in the CAESAR Program 9 CHAPTER 3 MAIN PROGRAM FORM eeeeeeeeee eene nennen nnne 10 S
23. Edit Menu Figure 3 2a To edit existing bridge static data select Edit Static Data Similarly select Edit Current Inspection to edit an existing date specific inspection The Inspection folder icon or one of its components must be active highlighted to select Edit Current Inspection Click on the icon to activate In the same manner the inspector s name associated with an inspection and the date of an inspection can be edited by selecting an inspection folder icon or one of its components and then selecting Edit Inspector s Name and Inspection Date Select Insert New Inspection when you want to insert a new date specific inspection Select Remove Current Inspection to remove an inspection The Inspection Folder icon or one of its components of the bridge file must be selected i e active before it can be removed Click on the icon to activate it 11 The program will estimate foundation depths for plotting purposes if the depths are unknown The user can change the estimated foundation depths will only effect the appearance of the cross section plot with the Edit Assumed Foundation Depths selection The screen in Figure 3 2b prompts the user to change the set foundation depths or restore the default values estimated by CAESAR The foundation depths can be changed if the user feels that the assumed foundation depths represented on the cross section plot are not representative of typical foundation depths of the region For analysis p
24. JEND BENT NO 1 Cancel X A Header Name Message Box Figure 6 1 1 2 6 1 1 3 Form Table Copy Column Feature The table in the Static Bridge Data form has a column copy feature The data entered into one column can be copied into the right adjacent column by selecting the column containing the data to be copied and then selecting the Copy Column gt gt button top center of Figure 6 1 this will copy the data in the left column into the adjacent right column This feature is activated when the data is first entered for a new bridge folder allowing efficient data entry and editing 6 1 1 4 Form User Buttons The 3 D user buttons on the bottom of the form Help Cancel Done Figure 6 1 allow the user to find Help complete the static data entry process or exit from the static data 32 entry process Selecting the Help button places the user in a hyperlink directing Help page which contains help for every input request of the Static Bridge Data Form The Cancel button selection moves the user out of the Static Bridge Data Form and returns to the Main Program Form without saving entered static data The user selects the Done button when the Static Bridge Data Form has been completed A request to save message will appear Figure 6 1 1 4a CAESAR Tm 2 Would you like to save the the bridge information now No Static Bridge Data Save Confirmation Message Figure 6 1 1 4a If you are satisfied with the St
25. O Nn Nuit E 10 OG MENU aay arg ts Seat Seo v Ec Meat eae aren ate 11 NS ME PHI E RE 13 CHAPTER 4 USING HELP tege 14 4 1 Quick Help on top of Main Program Form esee 14 4 2 Menu Bars of the Melp FOtm i s og etede tob bae eto 14 2 24 Primary Help Men Bara iua ED a EM 14 4 2 2 Secondary E 16 E EE 17 CHAPTER 5 OVERVIEW WITH CASE STUDY cese ssssus 18 5 1 Opening A Case EE 18 5 2 The Bridge File EE 18 5 2 1 Static Information Page EE 19 5 224 PIOC el 20 5 2 3 Bridge FIG Plot zisaha aaea eaa aa ea ea e RRE 21 D EE 22 5 3 Dale Specific Inspection e EE 23 5 3 1 Inspection EE 24 5 3 2 Analysis EE ege ien 25 5 3 2 1 Re Evaluate DUO EE 25 532 2 LOGIC Tracing BUllOn isi ep ARR M M HN 25 ele EE 26 Node If eege bck OEE ed an 26 5 3 2 3 Evaluation Results deeds cereis eed te tae td ses dempta ege pe 27 5 3 3 Analysis CODUDHBU EE 27 5 8 4 Viewing and Editing Site Pioiograpbs esses 28 5 4 Editing the Bridge File rab a ex tarea ce ee a a Resp ERE 30 CHAPTER 6 CREATING A BRIDGE FILE WITH AN INSPECTION FOLDER 31 6 1 Creating the Bridge File ctt trate rea Ri eeu ER ENEE 31 6 1 1 Static Bridge Data Form EE 32 D TT ATA EMY EE 32 6 1 1 2 Formatting the Form Table EE 32 6 1 1 3 Form Table Copy Column Feaiure ann 32 D T bd Form Ser BUMOS oos eene oae de 32 6 2 Entering anm INSp ttioN EE 34 6 2 1 Site EE Wee 35 6 2 2 Entering Inspection Data EE 36 6 2 3 Entering Information in the
26. Program Form Figure 2 4b shows the static help frames and dynamic help buttons on the Main Program Form The static help frames are getting started reminders The dynamic 3 D help buttons Naming Convention and Need To Know Information for First Time Users open the Help Form on those specific Help pages 4 2 Menu Bars of the Help Form 4 2 1 Primary Help Menu Bar The Primary Help Menu Bar of the Help Form contains the File Edit Bookmark Options and Help selections shown below in Figure 4 2 1a Help for CAESAR of XI File Edit Bookmark Options Help Contents Index Back Print lt lt gt gt Copy Glossary Main Form for CAESAR Actions Open a currently existing Bridge File Create a new bridge file Hyperlinks are used to link Add inspection to a current bridge file Help pages by content Add inspection to a new bridge Primary Menu Bar Secondary Menu Bar Annotation Paperclip Help Form Figure 4 2 1a The File menu allows the user to Open other help files print the displayed help page with Print Topic and Exit from the Help Form The user can also exit the Help Form and return to the Main Program Form by pressing the Esc key or the x button in the upper right corner 14 The Edit menu allows the user to Copy the text of the help page and to Annotate the Help Pages To annotate click on Annotate and the message box in Figure 4 3 will appear User annotation leaves a green paperclip on the help pa
27. WA Satsop River Enn i B x File Edit Help m Satsop Bridge E Static Information Analysis Continued Satsop Bridge April 26 1997 E Plot Options B Pict E Notes CAESAR s CAESAR has determined that none of the substruture elements E Insp April 26 1997 evaluation seem to be at severe risk from scour EB Site Review summary E Right Abutment CAESAR has determined that the following substructure elements are probably not at risk from scour Left amp butment Pier 2 Pier 3 amp Right amp butment E Left Abutment E Bank Stability DI Upstream E Pier Data D General Site CAESAR also arrived at several intermediate conclusions that E Brid may help with with the site evaluation these are listed below ridge E Bridge we Experienced The foundations of Left Abutment Pier 2 Pier 3 amp Right E Cross Section major flood Abutment seem to have experienced the maximum flood E Downstream E Bed Profile Data or 100 year flood and lateral nor thalweg migration channel m Plot nor thalweg degradation nor shallow current foundation Wl Site Photographs embedment seem to be applicable risks Thus these foundations a Analysis will probably be stable during the next 100 year flood Continued The calculated total scour on the following piers was determined E Insp Jun 26 1995 i to be moderately serious to very serious This is only a scour calculation not the true estimated stability of the pier s The
28. atic Bridge Data select Yes Selecting No will end the New Bridge file session The Save As Request Screen Figure 6 1 1 4b appears requesting a name for the Bridge File The new bridge file will be given the file type Save As HE Save in CH Caesar c AR Rock Creek 04186 Pictures AR Willow Depot 01824 Pictures WA Boulder Creek 101 15 Pictures WA Snohomish 1522 138 Pictures WA Sultan River 2 26 Pictures W Toppenish 97 116 Pictures W Humptulips 101 159 Pictures W Quinalt 101 160 Pictures a AR Rock Creek 04186 bdg W Satsop River 101 82 Pictures al AR Willow Depot 01824 bdg W Skykomish River 82 35 Pictures al W Boulder Creek t101 157 bdg C WA Yakima 824 5 Pictures 2l Save WA Satsop River 101 82 bd Save as type CAESAR Files bda D Cancel bdg and a corresponding picture folder will automatically be created File name Save As Request Screen Figure 6 1 1 4b 33 6 2 Entering an Inspection A date specific inspection can now be added to the bridge folder A right click in the Tree View Structure Pane of the Main Program Form or selecting Edit from the menu bar activates the Edit menu Figure 3 2a From the Edit drop down menu choose the Insert New Inspection A window appears that asks the user whether the new inspection should be a copy of the previous inspection Figure 6 2a This will allow the user to change only the answers
29. c Help Frames Bl conclusions Insp 26 1995 Main Program Form Figure 2 4b 2 5 Using the Mouse and Alt Key in the CAESAR Program Selections in the Main Program Form can be made through the mouse or the Alt key The Menu Bar items in the Tree View Structure Pane and the dynamic 3 D help buttons of the Main Program Form Figure 2 4b are selected with a single click on the left mouse button A single right click within the Tree View Structure Pane will activate the Edit activities of the CAESAR program Figure 3 2a Any selection in the CAESAR program containing an underlined letter can be accessed with the Alt key To make an Alt selection hold down the Alt key while pressing the underlined letter of the desired selection For example to access the File menu press the F key while holding down the Alt key CHAPTER 3 MAIN PROGRAM FORM The Menu Bar of the Main Program Form Figure 2 4b has three selections File Edit and Help The content of each menu selection is shown below in Figures 3 1 3 2a and 3 3 respectively 3 1 File menu The File menu allows the user to create new bridge files to open existing bridge files to save files to rename files to print inspection evaluations and inspection input data and to exit from the program New Bridge Open Save Save As Print Inspection Evaluation Print Inspection Data Exit c Program Files CAESAR Elk River
30. cour Abutment Countermeasure Effectiveness S Abutment Structural Design R Abutment Foundation Effectiveness Approxiamate Abutment Embedment If Known Abutment Foundation Type Abutment Foundation Location S Bed Material Stability Documentation Surface Bed Material Subsurface Bed Material View Documentation Abutment Performance History Potential for Undermining By Lateral Migration ue m8 Canah iain DI see ll D ating in Rand ba Cruncllant sbi eH zeck able k Overall Abutment Rating Logic Tracing Explanation Facility Figure 5 3 2 2 Node Network The parent child logic network expands when the node s sign is selected Every node with a sign indicates that there are children linked to that node The colors of the nodes indicate the source of the logic contained within the node Blue nodes indicate the top node of node network Yellow nodes represent a network location in which the logic is based on a combination of user inputs Green nodes are found only in the L V C logic network they differentiate whether the node is representing the lateral vertical or contraction logic Red nodes indicate a location in the logic network that is based on one specific user input Only one logic network can be viewed at atime See also Appendix A Summary of System Logic Node Values To view the Node Values of a particular node highlight the node in the Node Network wi
31. dary Menu Bar The Secondary Menu Bar of the Help Form contains the Contents Index Back Copy and Glossary buttons as shown in Figure 4 2 1a Both the Contents and the Index selections activate the CAESAR Help Topics Browser This browser enables the user to systematically search for specific help topics through either a tree structure contents system index of keywords or a find style index of key phrases or words Figure 4 2 2 Help Topics Help for CAESAR 2 x Contents Index Find 1 Type the word s you want to find flood M Clear 2 Select some matching words to narrow your search Options flood Flood flooding floodplain Floodplain Find Similar Find Now PELE zl Rebuild floods 3 Click a topic then click Display What is the valley setting for the bridge reach 2 Topics Found All words Begin Auto Pause Display Print Cancel CAESAR Help Topics Browser Figure 4 2 2 The Back lt lt and gt gt selections allow the user to peruse the pages of the Help Form The Help pages appear in the order in which they were incorporated into the system but are linked by content through green hyperlinks Figure 4 2 1a When activated hyperlinks place the user into the hyperlink specified Help page Using the lt lt and gt gt commands will move the user through the help files in the order in which they are incorporated into the program The Back button moves the
32. eated when a new inspection is inserted into the bridge file Click on the Site Photographs icon in the Date Specific Inspection Folder Double left mouse click on an empty square of the Site Photographs page to insert a photograph Figure 6 3a CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg OF x File Edi Help zB Satsop Bridge E Static Information DN Plot Options B Pict E Notes amp Insp April 26 1997 B Site Review Site Photographs Satsop Bridge April 26 1997 E Upstream Lom d E Bridge Site E Right Abutment E Left Abutment Right Bank Relief Bridge Downstream Right Floodplain E Pier Data E General Site E Cross Section Pier 3 Right Bank Right Floodplain B Downstream Upstream Upstream E Bank Stability Downstream Instream Bar E Bridge E Bed Profile Data B Pict a Site Photographs B analysis Bl analysis Continued Insp Jun 26 1995 Site Photographs Page Figure 6 3a 40 A window appears allowing a search of any supported picture files Figure 6 3b Select the desired picture file IS Picture 1 ipg IST Picture 2 jpg EI Picture 3 jpg EI Picture A pg EI Picture 5 jpg EI Picture 6 jpg File name Picture O jpa Files of type all Supported Files Cancel Open Picture Screen Figure 6 3b You will be prompted to enter a title for the photograph The title of the photograph can be changed later so it is not necessary to enter the final photograph title
33. ection allowing efficient data entry and editing Inspection Data General Site Bridge Bridge Site Cross Section Downstream Bed Profile Data Right Abutment Left Abutment Bank Stability Upstream Pier Data Site Review Observation Method Probe measured Table Format Width iE Copy Column gt gt Left Abutment Pier 2 Pier 3 Right Abutment Calculated Local Scour Calculated Contraction Scour Footing Exposed no no Y no no Foundation Location buried in a 7 floodplain floodplain buried in a 7 Countermeasures Present no yes ees no Countermeasure Damage noneimino nenetmino C M Performance History survived m survived m Historical Scour not critical not critical not critical not critical Abutment Orientation no skew no skew Flow Impact Location away from away from Save Done Cancel Pier Data Tab Window Figure 6 2 3 2 If there are Countermeasures Present for either of the abutments but not for the piers closest to the abutments the user must activate the countermeasure table menus by 37 selecting yes for those piers without countermeasures Once the C M tables have been activated the new data can be entered For more information see the List of CAESAR Bugs Help page Figure 3 3 demonstrates access to this Help page 6 2 3 3 Bed Profile Data The numbers entered into the Bed Profile Data tab window are not elevations but
34. eeeeeeeeeeneneenes 18 Static Information Page Figure 5 2 1 essere nenne 19 Plot Options Selection Window Figure 5 2 2 eeeeeeeneeeeeeeenn 20 Bridge Folder Cross Section Plot Figure 5 2 3 eene 21 Notes Page Fiegen 22 Inspection Folder Page Left Abutment Figure 5 3 23 Plot of Cross Section for Date Specific Inspection Figure 5 3 1 24 Analysis Page Flute 5 3 2 uoo oie c rette Li eR eo doe Eee eua Res 25 Logic Tracing Explanation Facility Figure 5 3 2 2 eene 26 Analysis Continued Page Figure 5 3 3 ccccssssesseeeeeeeeeesseeeeeeeeeeeeseneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenneees 27 Site Photographs Page showing Thumbnail Photos Figure 5 3 4a 28 Site Photograph Editing Figure 5 3 4b eese 29 Static Data Confirmation Window Figure 5 4 eeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeee 30 Static Bridge Data Form Figure 6 1 eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeennnnn nnn 31 Header Name Message Box Figure 6 1 1 2 ccccccssssseeeeeeeeeseseeeeeeeeesseeeeeeeeeeenseenenees 32 Static Bridge Data Save Confirmation Message Figure 6 1 1 4a 33 Save As Request Screen Figure 6 1 1 4b eese 33 Copy previous Inspection Figure 6
35. ge To read the annotation click on the paperclip Figure 4 2 1a Annotate 2 x Current annotation The Foundation Type help file has pictures Save of all of the foundation types Cancel Delete elete Copy Ga Annotation Message Box Figure 4 2 1b The Bookmark menu allows the user to create a collection of Help Page bookmarks by clicking on the Define selection The current help page title will be added to your personal collection of help page bookmarks A collection of bookmarks allows the user quick access to frequently used Help pages The Options menu enables the user to dictate the placement of the Help Form window with Keep Help On Top Keep Help On Top contains an additional side menu with selections for Default On Top or Not On Top The On Top selection keeps the Help Form on top even if it is not the active window This feature is useful if the user needs to view the Help Form while using another program such as MS Word Alternatively the user can select Not On Top or Default to keep an inactive Help Form behind the active window The Display History Window selection creates a small window which keeps track of the Help pages visited for a particular Help Form session The font size and the system colors of Help pages can be changed by the selections Font and Use System Colors respectively The Help menu gives the Version of Microsoft Windows Help used in this program 15 4 2 2 Secon
36. he CAESAR program To reach the slow connection instruction page activate the link Instructions for Downloading CAESAR 2 0 for modem users This page lists the Slow Connection instructions listed below Slow Connection Instructions We have divided the installation file into 7 pieces to address the time out problem encountered by users with non Ethernet connections You will need to follow these steps 1 If your computer has the WinCode program proceed to step 3 if your computer does not have WinCode download WinCode to C temp a Click on the hyperlink WinCode in the Web instructions 7 Install WinCode a From the Start Menu select Run b Type C temp wincode exe C Click OK Create a temporary directory C tempscour a From the Start menu select Programs then Windows Explorer b Inthe tree structure on the left side of the window double click the hard drive icon for C c Right mouse click in the white space in the right side of Windows Explorer window and a drop down menu appears d From the drop down menu select New and then Folder e Type tempscour as the folder s new name Download the 7 pieces into C tempscour by clicking on each underlined hyperlink a Caesari b Caesar2 c Caesar3 d Caesar4 e Caesar5 f Caesar6 g Caesar7 Open the WinCode program a From the Start menu select Programs then WinCode Join the 7 files a Inthe WinCode program
37. he Re Evaluate button performs a scour risk and stream stability analysis Figure 5 3 2 Evaluations from the previous inspections are presented until the user requests a new evaluation Whenever new data is entered into the program the data should be re evaluated by clicking the Re Evaluate button 5 3 2 2 Logic Tracing Button Selecting the Logic Tracing button places the user in the Logic Tracing Explanation Facility Form Figure 5 3 2 2 The form allows the user to trace the system conclusions to the site observation that contributed the most to the conclusion This form displays the network logic of either the Lateral Vertical Contraction L V C Pier Logic or Abutment Logic Clicking on any of these options determines the parent and child network in the Node Network window Note When choosing Abutment Logic or Pier 25 Logic the particular abutment pier must be chosen from the selections offered to the left amp Explanation Facility oj x Select the Logic Network to investigate Select the Pier or Abutment Logic To Investigate R Back to Main Program C Lateral Vertical Contraction Abutment Logic Left Abutment D C PierLogic E Node Network Node Values Top of Network vill amp btmntRtng EECH Conclusion Install Abutment Countermeasures unstable m8 Evidence of Abutment Scour table Joes Adjusted Total Potential Scour from Retrofit B R Abutment Apparent Ability to Withstand S
38. he case studies should be saved in C temp To install the case studies go to the Start menu and select Run Type C MemplArkansas Case Studies EXE C templlllinois_Case_Studies EXE C temp Maryland_Case_Studies EXE C temp North_Carolina_Case_Studies EXE C temp Washington_Case_Studies EXE The downloaded files contain a picture folder and a bdg file for every bridge file and are placed in the CAESAR subdirectory Once the case studies are installed the case study installation files Arkansas Case Studies EXE llliinois Case Studies EXE Maryland Case Studies EXE North Carolina Case Studies EXE Washington Case Studies EXE can be removed from your computer 2 4 Starting the CAESAR program on your computer The setup procedure creates a CAESAR icon in the Program menu of Windows 95 Figure 2 4a CAESAR icon Figure 2 4a A single click on the CAESAR icon starts the program and the Startup About screen appears Figure 2 4b Click in the OK box to execute the program The user can avoid the Startup About CAESAR Screen during startup by unchecking the box labeled Show at Startup CAESAR An Expert System for Cataloging and Expert Evaluation of Scour Risk at Bridge Sites This system will guide you through an inspection allow you to store cross section plots and store information about the bridge site Inaddition the system will evaluate the bridge for scour risk based on the entered information and provide recom
39. igure 5 2 3 The Bridge File Plot graph differs from the Plot graph of the Date Specific Inspection The Inspection Plot is discussed in Section 5 3 1 Inspection Plot CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg File Edit Help m Satsop Bridge E Static Information E Plot Options mI E Notes amp Insp April 26 1997 B Site Review E Right Abutment E Left Abutment E Bank Stability E Upstream E Pier Data E General Site E Bridge E Bridge Site E Cross Section E Downstream E Bed Profile Data E Satsop Bridge B Pict O 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Wl Site Photographs Q April 26 1997 BB analysis Bl analysis Continued Insp Jun 26 1995 Water Surface Elevation amp s builtt Channel Elevation Bridge Folder Cross Section Plot Figure 5 2 3 21 5 2 4 Notes The Notes page allows additional comments about the bridge such as maintenance work hydraulic problems or scour problems to be included in the bridge file Open the Notes page with a single left mouse click on the Notes icon To add a note to the bridge file Notes page click on the New button of the opened Notes page To view previously entered notes single click on the date and title of the note and the complete note appears Figure 5 2 4 CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg Oy x File Edit Help B m Satsop Bridge EB Static Information E Plot Options E ro Oct 08 1997 Case Study Notes Notes Satsop Bridge
40. m Upstream CIE Site Photographs Page showing Thumbnail Photos Figure 5 3 4a A site photograph can be enlarged by double clicking the left mouse button on the thumbnail photo Figure 5 3 4b Double clicking on an enlarged photograph will return the photograph to the thumbnail size 28 To enlarge a portion of the photograph to zoom in mark the area of interest using the left mouse button to create a dotted line on the enlarged photograph Figure 5 3 4b The outline of the box will be the frame of the new photograph To zoom out from a zoomed in photograph click on the Zoom Out button The photograph title and the photograph file name can be edited with the Edit Title and Edit Filename buttons shown in Figure 5 3 4b Photograph notes can be written below the photograph in the space provided CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg OF x File Edi Help BR Satsop Bridge B Static Information E Plot Options B Pict E Notes amp Insp April 26 1997 B Site Review E Right Abutment E Left Abutment E Bank Stability E Upstream E Pier Data E General Site E Bridge E Bridge Site E Cross Section E Downstream E Bed Profile Data Site Photographs Satsop Bridge April 26 1997 E a vum There is minor erosion on the right bank downstream Edit Title Site Photographs B analysis Edit Filename Bl analysis Continued Insp Jun 26 1995 Zoom Out Site Photograph Editing Figure 5 3 4b
41. measurements must be entered for each pier and abutment on the Bed Profile Tab 38 Other measurements taken with respect to piers or abutments are recorded below the original yellow cells To add bed profile measurements other than those at the piers or abutments select a reference pier or abutment from the text selector menu in the Reference Pier table column Enter the horizontal distance from the reference pier in the corresponding Horizontal w r pier cell and then enter the measurement from the vertical reference deck or rail in the last table column Vertical to Bed Repeat this step for all of the bed profile data Note Once a reference pier has been selected from the text selection menu it can be changed but not removed from the tab window Having extra reference piers without associated data does not affect the outcome of the Plot Analysis or Conclusion The user is not required to enter values for the table column Vertical w r pier These values are calculated by the program and are based on the information given in the Static Bridge Data The option to calculate the vertical distance with respect to reference pier can be turned off by unchecking the Auto Calculate Vertical distance w r to the Reference Pier check box Figure 6 2 3 3 39 6 3 Entering Site Photographs To enter site photographs first save the scanned or digital photographs of a particular bridge into that bridge s Picture Folder the Picture Folder is cr
42. mendations Help Ifyouneed Help about any topic in the program simply click on that object and press the Fl key A searchable list of help topics is also available under the Help v Show at Startup Startup About CAESAR Screen Figure 2 4b The Main Program Form then appears Figure 2 4b The left side of the form contains a Tree View Structure Pane and the right side contains static help frames and dynamic 3 D help buttons _ CAESAR Satsop bdg Bil E File Edi Help Menu Bar Satsop Bridge Tree View Structure Pane E Static Information vi E Plot Options H Fot To open an existing bridge file click on File E Notes at the top of this form and Open a bridge file View Naming Convention ES Insp April 26 1997 E Site Review E Right Abutment E Left Abutment E Bank Stability To enter a new bridge click on File and then New Bridge Need to Know Information for First Time Users Once a file is opened click on the Bridge Upst x A b en icon at left to open the file and see the i contents E General Site Dynamic Help Buttons E Bridge To view the plot click on plot after opening E Bridge Site the file for viewing the contents by clicking E Cross Section on the bridge icon B Downsiream To see a list of the contents of the E Bed Profile Data inspection click on the folder icon next to BB Pict the Inspection Date E Site Photographs B analysis Stati
43. ndow on the left side of the form The example above shows the node values for the highlighted node Overall Abutment Rating Figure 5 3 2 2 26 5 3 2 3 Evaluation Results The inspection analysis gives an evaluation of Pier Abutment and General Site conditions Figure 5 3 2 The Pier Abutment evaluations are provided for three categories 1 Overall Rating 2 Evidence Likelihood of Scour and 3 Apparent Ability to Withstand Scour The General Site evaluations are divided into 1 Potential Evidence of Lateral Migration and 2 Potential Evidence of Vertical Stream Stability The analysis results are provided both in numerical and textual formats The user can choose between the numerical and textual results by clicking on either choice on the analysis page The numerical results are obtained from the site analysis The textual results are an interpretation of the numerical results The percentiles given in the evaluations are obtained from the values assigned in the logic network The connection between the system Evaluation Results and the Logic Tracing Facility is demonstrated by a comparison of the percentiles of the Overall Rating of the Left Abutment Figure5 3 2 to the node values of the Overall Rating node Figure 5 3 2 2 5 3 3 Analysis Continued The Analysis Continued page displays summary conclusions about each substructure element and some additional observations that provide additional assistance with the CAESAR
44. r this bridge Roadway Date Table Format Width z Constructed Waterway Copy Column gt gt Required Entry Left Abutment Pier 2 Pier 3 Pier 4 P As built Channel Elevation SH _ Sumemdwdrs iS Foundaiontyre l 3 Mese E CT Per Configurations i Abutment Type Help Done Cancel Static Bridge Data Form Figure 6 1 31 6 1 1 Static Bridge Data Form 6 1 1 1 Data Entry Information can be entered into the Static Bridge Data Form with the RETURN key a mouse selection or keyboard arrows The TAB key can be used on the upper portion of the Form however the TAB key does not access the table in the lower portion of the Form The number of piers entered in the upper right corner includes the abutments You must press the return key after entering the number of piers Figure 6 1 6 1 1 2 Formatting the Form Table The Table Format Width entry allows the user to control the table column width upper right hand Figure 6 1 If all of the table columns do not appear on the form a single click at the bottom of the table will display a scroll bar To change the names of an abutment or pier in the Static Bridge Data Form double left mouse click on the header cell of the table column The Header Name Message Box appears and a new header name can be entered Figure 6 1 1 2 Header Name x Header Name OK Type New Name Here
45. rather measurements from a reference point A reference point of either deck or rail must be selected on the tab window Figure 6 2 3 3 To take cross section profile measurements from the water surface please refer to the CAESAR Help page associated with vertical readings reference elevation to reach the help page click on the deck or rail option button and then press the F1 key on your keyboard Right Abutment Left Abutment Bank Stability Upstream Pier Data Site Review General Site Bridge Bridge Site Cross Section Downstream Bed Profile Data M Auto Calculate Vertical distance w to the Reference Pier Rail Height 21 Vertical readings are taken fromthe C Deck Rail Reference Pier Horizontal w r pier Vertical w r pier Vertical to Bed Ls 5 5 Ol oi ns nm Olli wl Nj Pier 2 Y 10 Pier 2 Y Surface Pier 2 Bed Profile Tab Window Figure 6 2 3 3 When the Bed Profile tab window appears certain cells are highlighted yellow The number of yellow rows depends upon the number of piers indicated in the Static Bridge Data Form The zero values in the yellow cells of the table column Horizontal w r pier indicate that the bed profile measurements are taken at the reference pier The zero values of the yellow cells should not be changed The CAESAR will not perform an analysis unless cross section elevation measurements are entered for each substructure element piers and abutments thus the Vertical to Bed
46. t gt 30 of fldpln width encroach on the floodplain 2 inlay What is the height of approach fill near this abutment gt 10 ier Data E General Site E Bridge Is there an obstruction at the bridge that diverts flow no D Bridge Site toward this abutmunt B Cross Section What is the severity of the diverted flow does not apply E Downstream E Bed Profile Data ple Bl Site Photographs B analysis Bl analysis Continued 3 Insp Jun 26 1995 Inspection Folder Page Left Abutment Figure 5 3 23 5 3 1 Inspection Plot The Inspection Plot presents the cross section of the riverbed at the bridge at the time of the inspection In addition the location of the Calculated Local Scour Calculated Total Scour and any present countermeasures are shown on the plot Figure 5 3 1 The as built cross section is not shown on the inspection plot The plot of the cross section profile also displays the water surface elevation if this measurement was taken CAESAR WA Satsop River 101 82 bdg Of x File Edit Help Satsop Bridge E Static Information E Plot Options B Pict E Notes amp Insp April 26 1997 B Site Review E Right Abutment E Left Abutment E Bank Stability EB Upstream E Pier Data E General Site E Bridge E Bridge Site E Cross Section E Downstream E Bed Profile Data Plot Satsop Bridge April 26 1997 xy 12 1 51 7 1
47. t the bridge site C Yes C No Inspection Data Input Form Figure 6 2 1a The Site Review tab window should be completed first The Yes or No questions of the Site Review are the first to be considered in the program logic network If one of the answers to the Site Review questions is Yes the message shown in Figure 6 2 1b will appear indicating that the bridge is in critical condition 35 CAESAR Q You have entered evidence that this bridge is in critical condition and needs further investigation Have you answered these questions correctly Critical Condition Message Box Figure 6 2 1b If you answered the questions correctly and select Yes in the Critical Condition Message Box Figure 6 2 1b the Scour Screamers Message Box Figure 6 2 1c appears indicating that scour risk maybe more severe than CAESAR can effectively evaluate If you have not answered the questions correctly and choose No the program returns the user to the Site Review tab window to edit Scour Risk Present CAESAR Can t Evaluate You have entered one or more scour screamers This evidence indicates that there is a scour risk more severe than CAESAR can effectively evaluate Perhaps an expert should investigate this bridge site and or the bridge closed fou may continue entering information for cataloging purposes Scour Screamers Message Box Figure 6 2 1c 6 2 2 Entering Inspection Data After entering the data in
48. urposes CAESAR assumes a range of foundation depths similar to the default values assumed for plotting purposes However if the user changes the assumed foundation depths with the form shown in Figure 3 2b CAESAR s analysis will not change If the user feels that the results are inaccurate due to inappropriate foundation elevations used for the analysis the user can estimate foundation elevations by editing the static bridge information see Figure 6 1 amp Set Assumed Foundation Depths Sl Restore Defaults Foundation Depth With Respect to Current Bed Elevation Top of Spreadfooting feet Bottom of Spreadfooting feet Pile Tip lon Ds Set Assumed Foundation Depths Figure 3 2b CAESAR uses site characteristics entered by the user to perform a qualitative estimate of contraction scour at the site This qualitative estimate must be converted to a numerical estimate of contraction scour so that the effect of total scour on the stability of substructure elements can be effectively analyzed However this contraction scour calculation is not the result of rigorous engineering calculations and thus is not normally displayed as part of CAESAR s conclusions Yet if the user is interested in the numerical value of contraction scour used by CAESAR in the analysis the user can select Show Estimated Contraction Scour A table showing the estimated contraction scour will appear on the analysis form see Figure 5 3 2 To hide this value of
49. user back through help files on a hyperlink established path thereby returning the Help Form user to previously viewed help files The Copy button allows the user to copy text from a Help page 16 The Glossary button places the user in the glossary of the Help Form 4 3 F1 Help Help for specific questions or a list of questions on a particular tab window or form can be obtained by pressing the F1 key The F1 Help leads the user to help on a specific question if the user has activated the option button combo box or check box associated with the question Activation of an option button combo box or check box is accomplished by clicking on that area If the user has selected a form or window a general help page is provided with hyperlinks to other Help pages for each question on the form or window The backbone of CAESAR s Help is the Help Form Using either the Help menu selection from the Main Program Form or F1 Help will place the user in the Help Form If specific Help information is not found using the hyperlinks of the Help Pages the CAESAR Help Topics Browser allows the user to browse through the help pages by topic phrase or word The CAESAR Help Topics Browser is activated with the Contents and Index selections from the Secondary Help Menu Bar of the Help Form 17 CHAPTER 5 OVERVIEW WITH CASE STUDY 5 1 Opening A Case Study Case studies are opened using the File selection of the Main Program Form Case studies have bdg
50. vables are used to derive intermediate conclusions concerning conditions at a site and in turn are used to generate specific recommendations This analysis assists with the most important task of the bridge scour inspection the assessment and evaluation of scour risk at the bridge site Through the assistance of scour experts literature review and field testing a Bayesian network encoding the site observables necessary to represent the bridge scour domain has been created CAESAR s logic is designed to include all components of scour contraction scour local scour long term degradation and scour risks associated with stream instability For simplicity of development understanding tracing testing and due to logical divisions in the domain CAESAR s decision support logic is divided into five sub logic networks The five sub networks are 1 Vertical Stream Stability 2 Lateral Stream Stability 3 Contraction Scour 4 Pier Stability and 5 Abutment Stability An overall summary logic diagram is provided Figure 13 as an overview of the complete system logic Figure 13 suggests that Pier Stability and Abutment Stability are affected by all three components of scour Vertical Stream Stability long term channel degradation Contraction Scour and Local Scour Furthermore Pier Stability is also affected by more subtle stream instability factors such as Overall Thalweg Stability and Lateral Channel Migration Abutment Stability is also

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