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User`s Manual - NDSU Agriculture

1. m Instructions x i Corn 5 15 2010 Soil VWater We Deficit Los Percent De Adjusted Perec SWDP 5 oF Ru M Figure 14 Enter daily maximum temperature in column B and rainfall amounts in 22 2 The user can enter historical data from the North Dakota Agricultural Weather Network http www ndawn ndsu nodak edu index html by clicking on the link in cell P2 Figure 15 X 0 E aAa gy cakes o 0 2 Hor Inse Fag For Dat Rev Vies Dev q o E 2 O PR fe NDAWN i r A N o P a R 1 Irrigation Schinternal Links External Links Aut North Dakota Crops amp Soils NDAVY Discla 3 ET Tables Web Soil Survey Revis 4 Field Chart 5 Cumulative Values Date Root Available Total Total Total Ti 4 M Sheet ND SI Sheeti_Ni 4 u F 100 O V i Figure 15 External link to the North Dakota Agricultural Weather Network 3 Another option is to enter your own temperature and rainfall data from personal or on farm records Return to Table of Contents 23 Scheduling Irrigations l Suppose we have the situation depicted in Figure 16 We will discuss how the water balance calculations work and then schedule irrigations for July 1 through 7 2010 X D g Haha C gY gt Oakes 2010 Field O2 xlsx Microsoft Excel Oo E z File Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer co pp es h fe 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Dickey Co C Irrigation Scheduling by
2. Figure 1 Opening screen in the irrigation scheduling spreadsheet 1 Download the spreadsheet file from 10 Enter daily maximum temperatures in the website column B 2 Open the file and use File Save As to 11 Enter rain in column H Be sure to save your file with a new name Keep record and enter on site rainfall for the original file unchanged as a maximum accuracy backup Save your file often 12 Enter irrigation in column I For 3 Select the correct worksheet Figure 1 sprinkler irrigation set up a rain gauge and units for your situation ND near the middle of the irrigation metric ND Inch or MN Inch Delete system not too close to either end of unneeded worksheet tabs the system 4 Enter a field name in cell B4 13 Periodically enter corrections in soil 5 Click on cell L3 and select a crop from water deficit in column L the drop down list 14 Click on Chart in cell N4 for a graph 6 Expand columns E G if the crop is of the data scroll down and right as alfalfa See note in Figure 1 needed Return to cell B8 7 Enter the emergence date in cell L4 15 Try some what if scenarios by deleting 8 Click on Crops amp Soils in cell N2 and re entering different values of then scroll down and right as needed forecasted temperatures or dates and Enter soil texture information for each amounts of irrigation horizon Return to cell B8 16 Copy worksheet tabs as needed for 9 Do not move numbers around the additi
3. Sheet MN _ Inch Conventional units of inches and Minnesota ET tables Create a backup copy of the worksheet of interest by right clicking on the worksheet tab and selecting Move or Copy Figure 3 X D e H Aa gt SS E AF Oakes 2010 o E Z File Home Insert Pagel Forme Data Revier View Dewek P o E es B27 h f 71 834 i 7 __ A O C D H J 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method B m ventional Units 3 Right click ona worksheet tab for BE 21 the worksheet Mek ER Delete activa Soi operation menu asi jation Water Tempe ee ier Deficit ature gence annann SWD madl WP EJ View Code igjy Protect Sheet 6 Tab Color T F in in 26 5 18 2010 76 1 Hide 0 05 27 5 19 2010 mI 1 0 08 zs sonore 88 1 gaase 009 4 4 H Sheeti ND_SI Sheetl no men rT Ready Pa ES Gl 100 m F Figure 3 Right click a worksheet tab to make a new copy of the worksheet in Microsoft Excel 10 In the Move or Copy dialog select the position of the new worksheet and check the Create a copy box Figure 4 Move or Copy Move selected sheets To book Before sheet Sheeti ND SI Sheeti WO Inch Sheeti MN Inch rove to end Create a copy Figure 4 Move or Copy dialog to copy a worksheet in Microsoft Excel Note the check mark in the Create a copy box Double click on the worksheet tab and edit the name to something meaningful for your situatio
4. I ET WL 1 where SWDyesterday 1S the soil water deficit at the end of yesterday in column J R is today s rainfall in column H I is today s irrigation in column IJ ET is today s evapotranspiration in column D and WL is today s water loss amount to deep percolation and or runoff in column M For example suppose today is June 27 2010 row 66 in Figure 16 Then SWDyesterday 1 02 in cell J65 R 0 05 in cell H66 I 0 00 in cell 166 blanks are treated as 0 00 ET 0 17 in cell D66 and WL 0 00 in cell M66 The value of SWDyoday 18 thus SWDicday SWDyesterday R I ET WL 1 02 0 05 0 00 0 17 0 00 1 14 The value of SWDyoday 1 14 is shown in cell J66 in Figure 16 Return to Table of Contents A value at the end of yesterday corresponds with 11 59 p m on the previous day The value is also assumed to equal the starting value for today 1 e 12 01 a m today Refer to the technical paper for more details 26 Scheduling Irrigations for July 1 through July 7 2010 Suppose the weather forecast for J uly through 7 calls for hot weather such as daily maximum temperatures in the 90 F range Enter 95 in each of the cells in the range B70 B76 as shown in Figure 18 x i g Haa Fy e Al Oakes 2010 Field 02 xlsx Microsoft Excel o E File Home Insert Fage Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer o e s Fe 95 A Le H 1 Irrigatio
5. moo oo oo oo oo j i 29 2 The cool weather decreases the expected ET and delays the next irrigation date With the 95 F daily maximum temperature values in Figure 19 the first irrigation date was expected to be on 7 2 With the 55 F daily maximum temperature values in Figure 20 the first irrigation date is now expected to be delayed 4 days to 7 6 when the soil moisture deficit is 2 16 or 46 3 The calculation capability of the spreadsheet allows users to enter variations in temperature rainfall irrigation or adjustments in soil moisture to examine different scenarios Return to Table of Contents Mid Season Corrections in Soil Water Deficit Suppose on a field visit you find that the soil is considerably wetter than estimated by the spreadsheet For example if we continue our example and schedule an irrigation event of 1 25 on 7 9 the soil water deficit will be estimated as 0 97 or 21 But if you visit the field and estimate the soil is at field capacity you can enter 0 zero in cell L78 for 7 9 2010 Your entry will override the estimated soil water deficit value in column K Similar corrections can be made periodically throughout the growing season Return to Table of Contents 30 Seasonal Totals Totals counts and maximums for selected columns in the spreadsheet are calculated in rows 163 through 165 as shown in Figure 21 x D a H ga 2e 97 EB Sls Oakes_2010_Fie
6. 462 463 o 164 80 465 466 90 467 468 469 100 ye T T 7 8 7 9 7 140 7 1 7 12 713 7 14 715 716 7 47 7 8 TAG 7 20 472 E Rain Irrigation lt Soil Water Defict Management Allowed Depletion E 473 474 Interval Width days 14 Start Date 77 gt Cc ak gt 476 Return to Cell BS 4 M 4 gt M Sheeti ND SI Sheet1_ ND Inch Sheeti MN Inch 2 Ken gt i Ready 23 3 100 g Figure 23 Scroll bar chart showing a 14 day interval starting on July 7 33 Printing only two weeks at a time will produce a chart that is easier to read compared with a full season chart The chart s start date can be changed as the season progresses to produce similar two week charts on a weekly basis Other users may want monthly or full season charts and these can be developed and printed as well Instructions for the scroll bar chart as well as the rest of the spreadsheet are included in the updated user s manual The scroll bar for Interval Width allows the user to select the number of days to be included on the x axis of the chart Values must be whole numbers and can range from 1 to 153 In Figure 23 the number 14 is entered to specify a two week interval The comment at the Interval Width cell provides the following instructions To set the number of days to view on the chart a Use the Interval Width slider bar b Click on the lt or gt buttons or c Change the number to the right Examples Sli
7. R I Deficit Deficit Percent Deep Depth ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted Percolation RZ Tmax WPE ET SWDP SWDP oF Runoff WL in in in oo M a W Oakes 2010 Field 02 Oakes 2010 Field_03 Alfalfa Sheeti_ l 4 i Ready 7 la gi 100 5 F Figure 24 Irrigation scheduling for alfalfa Note the red text in cells H3 H4 indicating that hidden columns should be shown by clicking on the button above the column labels 35 Expanding columns E F and G results in a screen similar to that in Figure 25 Column E represents the days since the last cut column F a factor to estimate the ET reduction due to cutting and column G the alfalfa ET Refer to the technical document Steele et al 2010 for more details on the algorithms employed for alfalfa The user should enter alfalfa cut dates in cells E4 F4 and G4 The cut dates will be changed from blue to red if they are out of range such as in the wrong year compared with the dates in column A Note the data validation text box First cut date in Figure 25 which provides more description of restrictions on cut dates From a practical standpoint irrigation scheduling for alfalfa must consider the time required for the crop to dry and be removed from the field after it has been cut Thus there may be several days on which the soil water deficit exceeds the MAD value but irrigations cannot be applied because the crop requires time for dryin
8. Tmax lt 90 F and 90 F lt Tmax lt 100 F It is recommended that weather and irrigation scheduling forecasts not extend more than one week into the future 21 Note that the values in column K for soil water deficit on a percent basis SWDP are red in color for July 2 through 7 cells K71 K76 Values in the SWDP column are formatted to turn red when they exceed the MAD values specified by the user see Figure 10 The red color reminds us that irrigation is needed Remember that you can adjust the MAD value The amount of irrigation that should be applied depends on a number of factors including soil water holding capacity irrigation system flow rate and speed crop value time of season expected rainfall and evaporation losses energy demand costs scheduling of other field operations and water availability Deficit irrigation is the practice of applying irrigation amounts which are less than what is needed to fill the soil profile to field capacity Column J in Figure 18 indicates that on 7 2 the soil water deficit is estimated as 2 24 This means we could apply 1 00 on 7 2 and the deficit would be 1 24 2 24 1 00 1 24 or 26 at the end of the day as shown in Figure 19 columns J and K respectively x O E le re Pe F wv 8 Ea Oakes 2010 Field 02 xlsx Microsoft Excel oc E amp E amp File Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer o pp s A B y D H P 1 Irrigation Sched
9. a Lid I VY ls Checkbook Irrigation_Scheduling_ND MN_v01 0 xlsx Microsoft Excel o B Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer A C D H J K L M N 0 P Q R S F 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method Instructions Internal Links External Links Authors 2 North Dakota FT Tables SI Units Crops amp Soils NDAWN Disclaimer 3 Crop Corn ET Tables Web Soil Survey Revisions 4 Field Field 2 Emergence 3 May 09 Chart 5 Date Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil Soil Water Water Root Available Total Total Total Total Notes Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit Losses Zone Water ET Rain Irrigation Water Temper Emer Except R I Deficit Deficit Percent Deep Depth Holding Losses ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted Percolation RZ Capacity Tmax WPE ET SWDP SWDP of Runoff for the WL Root Zone 6 AWHCpz T G mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm 30 Apr 09 10 d 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 102 7 2 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 9 1 May 09 12 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 102 72 0 0 1 8 0 0 0 3 10 2 May 09 18 0 0 0 2 8 0 0 0 2 8 102 7 2 0 0 46 0 0 3 1 11 3 May 09 10 1 0 3 0 0 0 3 12 4May 09 5 1 0 0 0 0 13 5May09 17 1 05 00 Step 3 Select the correct worksheet 14 6 May 09 23 1 0 8 0 0 i i i ae E and units for your situation 16 3 Mgpmai or z a a v M 4 gt gt f Sheet1_ND_SI Sheeti_ND_Inch Sheet1_MN_Inch IKII gt Ready jo go 100
10. takes you to cell AA170 Figure 8 which is the upper left corner of the area of interest ax D ae el 2 7 Y 88 Ea Oakes_2010 Field_02 xlsx Microsoft Excel o Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer 4 o ep 8 Crops_and_Soils v fe Crops_and_Soils v 1 _ 2 A P alr S T U v w xX y z P 1 Irrigation ScHExternal Links Authors 2 North Dakota NDAWN Disclaimer 3 Web Soil Survey Revisions 4 Field 5 a Date Total Total Total Total Notes 3 ET Rain Irrigation Water Crops and Soils area ty in in in in 166 167 Return to Cell 168 169 170 Crops and Soils Rett p TReti AWA T 4 gt M Sheeti ND_SI lt Sheeti_ND_Inch Oakes 2010 Field_02_ Sheeti_MN_Inch 2 J iii Ready Z Bom 100 g Figure 8 Crops and Soils area of the spreadsheet Scroll to the right and down to see the cells in this area of the worksheet 15 Scroll to the right and down to obtain a full view of the Crops and Soils area The three parts of this area are the Crop Information Table a list of general parameters and the Soil Horizon Summary Cells with blue text can be edited by the user The Crop Information Table Figure 9 can be left alone by most users It provides a place for users to change the depth of the final or fully developed root zone and the rate time of development of the root zone Y IVES Page Layout M
11. topography accessed June 2011 J This document will not provide details of using the Web Soil Survey to determine the water holding capacity of the soil In our example the assignment of soil textures for different soil horizons will be somewhat arbitrary Return to Table of Contents Preparatory File Saving and Worksheet Setup Work l Download the spreadsheet from the web address given in the How to Get the Spreadsheet and Supporting Files section of this document 2 Open the file using Microsoft Excel The opening screen shot will appear as in Figure 2 x D Ga amp Fer 7 7 al Checkbook Irrigation_Scheduling_ND MN_v01 0 xlsx Microsoft Excel o B amp Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review Developer A o ep 8 co Coot A lt A B eai Arial 20 Aa V E Wrap Text Number E Fj EK i e Y T e E BAN Ed EAE A A a E A E E See A ae WT E Clipboard Font Alignment Cells Editing BS f 10 A 3 2 A C D H J K R S T U 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method Authors 2 North Dakota FT Tables SI Units Disclaimer 3 Crop Corm ET Tables Web Soil Survey Revisions 4 Field Field 2 Emergence 3 May 09 Chart 5 Date Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil Soil Water Water Root Available Total Total Total Total Notes Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit Losses Zone Water ET Rain Irrigation Water Temper Em
12. 010 Field_O2 xlsx Microsoft Excel File Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer MAD Fe 45 AB AC A 165 Symbol Description Units 186 RZ initial Initial root zone management depth inches 167 SWDP sritical SWD level beyond which ET is reduced due to drought stress 188 Keer Factor for ET reduction at start of alfalfa cut amp recovery period 189 t Time for ET recovery to full ET during alfalfa cut amp recovery period 71 days MAD Management allowed depletion target SVV DP value at time of irrigation 45 l M4 H Sheeti_ND_SI_ Sheeti_ND_Inch Oakes_2010 Field_02 4 u Ready Fs Aa E 100 Figure 10 Table of general parameters Users may want to change the MAD value depending on the drought sensitivity of the crop For example Lundstrom and Stegman 1988 state the following A common irrigation scheduling guideline is to prevent the soil moisture deficit from exceeding 50 percent of the available soil moisture holding capacity in the root zone This is a general guideline and applies to corn and small grains However irrigation management techniques will vary with crops Potatoes for example may need to be scheduled using a smaller allowable deficit MAD in this context commonly 35 to 40 percent Sunflower and some forage crops may withstand a slightly higher deficit than the general 50 percent guideline Soybeans are generally irrigated to maintain a drier s
13. 2011 Corrected inconsistencies between the drop down list of crop names in cell L3 with the corresponding crops defined names which are used by lookup formulas Reposted Excel file under the generic name Checkbook_Irrigation_Scheduling_ND MN_ Excel_File xlsx Added a subsection on scroll bar charting under Graphing and added the Revision History for Excel File section Return to Table of Contents 38 Revision History for the Excel File 9 3 2010 7 12 20 2010 7 12 2011 4 17 2012 4 26 2012 Changed data validation in the SWDPadj column from O lt SW DPadj lt 100 to 0 lt SWDPadj lt 1 0 The spreadsheet should now correctly limit users entries of the soil moisture deficit adjustments entered on a percent basis to the range of 0 to 1 0 to 100 rather than 0 to 100 0 to 10 0007 A Updated charts on all sheets to 1 remove units from legends 2 use pattern fills on irrigation columns with Excel 2010 s pattern fill feature B Started a file name convention Checkbook_Irrigation_Scheduling ND_MN_v01 0 xlIsx A Updated the CropInfo table accessed from the Crops amp Soils link in cell N2 so the listing and spelling of all crop names is consistent with the defined names in each sheet For example Sugarbeet was revised to Sugar_Beet so when the crop is selected in cell L3 the INDIRECT formula in the ET column refers to the correct table of ET values B Specified version number in cel
14. 208 9 48 48 Blank a 209 Total Return to Cell B8 5 52 210 211 Table 1 from Checkbook publication 212 AWHC 213 Soil Type in in 214 Coarse Sand amp Gravel 0 04 215 Sand 0 07 216 Loamy Sand 0 09 217 Sandy Loam 0 13 218 Fine Sandy Loam 0 16 219 Loam amp Silt Loam 0 20 220 Clay Loam amp Silty Clay Loam 0 18 221 Silty Clay amp Clay 0 16 222 Rocks 0 00 223 224 Return to Cell B8 M 4 gt M Sheeti_ND_SI Sheeti_ND_Inch Oakes_2010_ Field_02 A 4 u E gt i Ready 3 Bo 100 g Figure 11 Soil horizon summary 18 Select the appropriate soil textures using the drop down boxes in the Texture column Figure 12 The list of soil types starts with Coarse Sand amp Gravel and ends with Rocks use the slider bar to see all of the selections Mi D g BH Mma J e E Al Oakes 2010 o fH 2 Home Insert Page L Formu Data Revie View Devei GJ o GF ES AD200 Se Fine Sandy Loam 3 Soil Type 195 Horzon Boundaries Choose a soil 196 From To typeforOto f 497 ae a 6 inches 196 199 iB Fine Sandy 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 15 209 Total Return to Cell Bo HN 4 4 H Oakes_2010_Field_02 lt i 4 u Loam Sand Fine Sandy Loam Loam amp Silt Loam Clay Loam amp Silky Clay Loam Silky Clay amp Clay Figure 12 Select the texture for each soil horizon using the drop down list Note The data validatio
15. 792 Rev Fargo N D N Dak St Univ Ext Serv Available at http www ag ndsu edu pubs ageng irrigate ae792 pdf Accessed 1 June 2011 North Dakota Agricultural Weather Network Center 2011 NDAWN Center Fargo N D North Dakota State University Available at www ndawn ndsu nodak edu Accessed 1 June 2011 Steele D D T F Scherer D G Hopkins S R Tuscherer and J Wright 2010 Spreadsheet implementation of irrigation scheduling by the checkbook method for North Dakota and Minnesota Appl Engr Agric 26 6 983 995 Wright J 2002 Irrigation scheduling Checkbook method Bulletin FO 01322 St Paul Minn Univ Minn Extension Available at http www extension umn edu distribution cropsystems DC1322 html Accessed 1 June 2011 Return to Table of Contents 37 Revision History for this User s Manual 6 2 2011 1 1 6 152011 Added the Quick Start section moved one or two other sections to different locations added hyperlink capabilities in the table of contents added return hyperlinks throughout the document added instructions on deleting worksheets and removed the Draft watermark 1 2 6 24 2011 Added instructions regarding worksheet naming practices to preserve functionality of hyperlink formulas Users instructed to avoid parentheses and spaces in worksheet names 6 27 2011 Added revision history 7 6 2011 Specified that the spreadsheet was written for use with Microsoft Excel 2010 1 5 7 12
16. User s Manual for the Spreadsheet Version of Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method User s Manual Version 2 1 Dean D Steele Ph D P E Thomas F Scherer Ph D Jerry Wright P E Associate Professor Associate Professor Retired Associate Professor and Agricultural amp Biosystems Agricultural amp Biosystems Extension Engineer Engineering Engineering West Central Research amp North Dakota State University North Dakota State University Outreach Center Dept 7620 Dept 7620 University of Minnesota PO Box 6050 PO Box 6050 46352 State Hwy 329 Fargo ND 58108 6050 USA Fargo ND 58108 6050 USA Morris MN 56267 USA Phone 701 231 7268 Phone 701 231 7239 Phone 320 589 1711 FAX 701 231 1008 Fax 701 231 1008 Fax 320 589 4870 Dean Steele ndsu edu Thomas Scherer ndsu edu jwright umn edu April 26 2012 Summary This document explains how to access and use a checkbook irrigation scheduling spreadsheet for North Dakota and Minnesota The spreadsheet was written for use with Microsoft Excel 2010 The checkbook approach uses a water balance accounting system to keep track of rainfall and irrigation as deposits crop water use evapotranspiration and water losses as withdrawals and the soil water content as the balance of the soil water accounting system An example irrigation scheduling scenario is set up in this User s Manual to illustrate the operation of the spreadsheet It 1s assumed that the user is familiar with oper
17. and delete all of the values in cells L9 L161 Return to Table of Contents Entering New Weather and Irrigation Scheduling Data l Enter new values of daily maximum temperature and rainfall as they become available For our example we will enter temperature data from the NDAWN 21 system for Oakes North Dakota for April 30 through June 30 2010 Figure 14 We will enter scattered rainfall values in column H to represent hypothetical values measured at the field site Kia ae A Review View fe 60 638 Page Layout Formulas Data SY e Els Qakes_ 2010 Field O2 xlsx Microsoft E oc Ff zs D H 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method 2 44k Pf North Dakota Field Date 4 30 2010 5 1 2010 5 2 2010 5 3 2010 5 4 2010 5 5 2010 5 6 2010 5 7 2010 5 6 2010 5 9 2010 5 10 2010 5 11 2010 5 12 2010 5 13 2010 5 14 2010 column H 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Sheeti_ND_SI ET Tables Conventional Units Crop Emergence Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Sail Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Temper Emer Except R l Deficit Deficit ature gence Cut Alfalfa SVWD Percent Tmax VPE ET SWOP in in in Yo 0 30 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 I 0 60 0 00 0 Q 0 00 Sheeti_ND_Inch Oakes _2010 i 4 u ES GE 100 o coco caogacc a i
18. and irrigation vs time The management allowed depletion line is not shown in this chart 32 Scroll Bar Chart Each worksheet contains one scroll bar chart The purpose of the scroll bars is to allow the user to specify an interval width in days and the start date of the chart For example a user could print a two week chart at any time during the season to illustrate last week s data and forecast the soil water deficit and irrigation needs for the upcoming week Figure 23 shows a scroll bar chart with a 14 day interval starting on July 7 If today is July 13 the chart shows the previous six days back to July 7 Irrigation was applied on July 9 to keep the soil water deficit SWD smaller than the dashed management allowed depletion MAD line at 45 Looking ahead the chart shows that irrigations will be required on July 14 and 19 to maintain the SWD values smaller than the MAD line x oF el ia JV e a li 7 Checkbook Irrigation_Scheduling_ND MN_Excel_File_v02 1 xlsx Microsoft Excel o B amp Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer 9 P o ep 8 C1475 C fe hs n CA CB cc cD CE CF CG CH Rc CK CL CM CN co 437 Return to Cell BS 438 A 439 Field 2 440 0 4 fi fi N L 5 441 442 443 He ee ee EN e Reaee Pale ES See Ee ONS ee ee eo ee 444 445 446 20 447 448 449 30 450 ee 451 5 452 40 E 453 2 c 454 5 455 _ 50 456 2 457 ri 60 pe 459 QO Y 460 i 461 10
19. ation of a spreadsheet including file and worksheet operations entering and deleting data and navigating through the worksheets More importantly it is assumed that the user is familiar with checkbook type water balance irrigation scheduling concepts If the user is not familiar with checkbook irrigation scheduling concepts he or she is urged to consult an appropriate publication such as the irrigation scheduling bulletins for North Dakota Lundstrom and Stegman 1988 and Minnesota Wright 2002 for additional information Links to these bulletins are provided in the References section Table of Contents Click or Control Click to go to an entry in the table of contents SUM aeaa a a eon cetera nent eta cme oma cea l TDL OrC OM ee E A en are ee 2 D a E E side hueeme 3 How to Get the Spreadsheet and Supporting Files ssnseensssssssssoeersssssssseerrssssssssseeresssss 3 OUER o Cet tialeah tel erate file a huineseh ele a eee 4 Terms and AO Dic VIA ONS recs E digimon T N 5 Future Improvements for the Spreadsheet nneessssoeeeesssssseeseerssssssseerersssssssserersssssssses 5 Do Not Move Numbers Around the Spreadsheet cccccccccccccsssseeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeseeeeeeeeeeaaas 6 Exame PLOW Mises aseatactetiadeiecatuieis a ends inseadaemmet ddacwieadeindacnisitnsaadgectner 7 Preparatory File Saving and Worksheet Setup Work ccccccssseseeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaas 8 SEUNG UP A Fica SIC tysasinaamceaea
20. ch as 2 or 3 inches or whatever value is needed to set the soil water deficit in cell J54 to 0 00 3 Spreadsheet comments provide descriptions of column headings and various cells throughout the spreadsheet A small red triangle in the upper right corner of a cell identifies the presence of a comment in that cell For example Figure 17 shows a comment for cell B6 Point the mouse over the cell of interest to see its comment X D g el SS EY E Oakes 2010 o sz File Home Insert Page l Forme Data Revier View Devek q co pp as B fe Daily Maximum Temper ma _ A ec D H 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method 2 North Dakota ET Tables Conventional Units 3 4 Field 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp fective Effective Soll Maximum Rain Imigation Water Temper E Adiust as needed R il Deficit ature gion Sch oF SWD forecast values Tmax Li in in in 6 4 30 2010 61 0 00 0 30 0 00 g 5 1 2010 53 0 00 0 00 10 5 2 2010 46 0 00 0 00 T ea Deo E E Pri A i N E a S ais A ok Ha H Oakes 2010 Field 02 IERM Cell B6 commented by Dean Steele E m 100 Cok S a E ai i Figure 17 Comments are used to describe cell contents Return to Table of Contents 25 Overview of Water Balance Calculations l The soil water deficit is calculated as follows with all quantities expressed as rainfall depth equivalents SWDioday SWDyesterday R
21. d Copy each irrigation scheduling worksheet tab as many times as needed for additional fields Repeat the process of specifying soil textures and layers selecting crop type and emergence date etc for each new field as done previously for other fields You can copy temperature data from one worksheet tab to another if it 1s reasonable to assume the temperature data are similar for each site Rainfall and irrigation data should be cleared out and re entered for each field Return to Table of Contents Alfalfa Irrigation Scheduling Irrigation scheduling for alfalfa is accomplished by selecting alfalfa as the crop in cell L3 as shown in Figure 24 A note in cells H3 and H4 indicates that additional columns should be made visible by clicking on the column outline symbol in the header area x g H Aaa J y e Al Oakes 2010 Field_02 xlsx Microsoft Excel File Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review fe 2010 Alfalfa SE 29 Ada Twp Dick Column outline z expand collapse button Click to show hide i C D H columns E F and G Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method 2 Worth Dakota ET Tables Conventional Units wo 3 Show hidden columns Crop Alfalfa ET Tables 2010 Alfalfa SE 23 Ada Tw using button above Emergence 5 1 2010 i Chart Date Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil Soil Water Water Root Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit Losses fone Temper Emer Except
22. de to right Interval Width 153 days for the entire season Slide to left Interval Width 14 days to show two weeks at a time The scroll bar for Start Date allows the user to select the date at the left side of the chart Values must be whole numbers and can range from 1 to 153 In Figure 23 the number 68 is entered to select July 7 as the starting date for the chart The comment in the Start Date cell provides the following instructions To set the starting date of the chart a Use the Start Date slider bar b Click on the lt or gt buttons or c Change the number below and to the right Examples Slide to left Start Date 1 for a May start date Slide to right Start Date 21 for a May 21 start date To locate the chart click on the Charts link in cell N4 and it will take you to cell CA400 which is at the upper left corner of an area with the full season chart From there scroll down and to the right to see the scroll bar chart You may have to zoom in or out depending on your screen size and monitor resolution We recommended that most users not modify the scroll bar chart the scroll bars etc because they are an advanced combination of form controls and dynamic chart ranges See Anonymous 2007 in the References section for more information The scroll bars and the scroll bar chart do not contain macros Return to Table of Contents 34 Copying a Worksheet to Schedule Irrigations for a Nearby Fiel
23. denadenedaneesieddiancsntacsarigsdiiandsnedanncteadlamsetacnscabadiendenadssncanadiends 13 Deleting Old Weather and Irrigation Scheduling Data ccseeesseecceeeeeeeeeesseeeeeees 20 Entering New Weather and Irrigation Scheduling Data i ceeccccccceeeceeeeeeeseeeeeeeeaaas 21 Seeda HNO SION eaa sneer me MTR shee mlee nnn st Se Ret meme toet rete erin sen erent 23 Overview of Water Balance Calculations scscii svete ieneetedeso an temere taba ede wismeab nada taeees 29 Scheduling Irrigations for July 1 through July 7 2010 a neneesssssssssenssssssssssrrssssssssee 26 Mid Season Corrections in Soil Water Deficit cc ccccccccccccccesseseeeececeeeeaeeeeseeeeeeeeeeaas 29 eOk CO Ec See ete a ag CA er PTA er 30 Gia TG aes one es achahasentas fuslacanpin abide enartahasaed A 31 PRs CaSO mC hareei a 31 SCFOU Bar NaCl arna E N 32 Copying a Worksheet to Schedule Irrigations for a Nearby Field ceeeeeeeeeeeees 34 Alfalfa erie ation Scheduln S erce r E 34 RESE NCES geasniien re e TEE T E bebedasieearaxetss 36 Revision History for this User s Manual esssenenssesssssoeerssssssssserrrssssssseeeeresssssseeeeresssss 37 Kevion History forthe Excel Pil Guises e E devacuannaceens 38 Disclaimer The spreadsheet provides a detailed disclaimer regarding the use of the irrigation scheduling spreadsheet described in this document Please refer to cell S2 in the spreadsheet for this disclaimer How to Get the Spreadsheet and Su
24. ecasts Tmax WPE ET SWDP SWDP irrigation dates amp amounts etc 9 Add new sheets for new fields crops years etc 6 10 Save your work often 7 oF in in in in v 4 4 gt Sheeti ND_SI Sheeti_ND_Inch Oakes_2010_Field_02 Sheeti_MN_Inch kam Ready Figure 6 Built in instructions in the comment in cell L1 2 Enter a description of the field site in cell B4 This could be any useful text that fits in one cell and is meaningful for your situation Suggestions include writing the year and the field name such as the following 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Dickey Co which would represent the year 2010 a crop of corn and the northwest quarter of section 29 in Ada Township of Dickey County in North Dakota The user should determine naming conventions to manage multiple files for different fields crops years and other information For example some users may prefer to place the year first followed by the crop then the field name while other users prefer a different order of the information or different information altogether 14 Select the crop of interest corn for our example from the drop down list in cell L3 Figure 7 The yellow pop up box entitled Crop is a data validation text box to help the user understand the choices available or restrictions on the data The user can drag the data validation text box with the mouse to a convenient location x D g uga I EA
25. er Except R 1 Deficit Deficit Percent Deep Depth Holding Losses ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted Percolation RZ Capacity Tmax WPE ET SWDP SWDPa or Runoff for the 6 eE Worksheet Tabs 30 Apr 09 i 5 0 0 0 0 9 1 May 09 f 8 0 0 0 3 10 2 May 09 UU Uo 0 U r U U 6 0 0 3 1 11 3 May 09 0 3 4 0 0 102 7 2 0 3 46 0 0 3 1 12 4May 09 0 3 3 0 0 121 8 9 0 3 46 0 0 3 1 5 May 09 8 0 0 140 10 6 0 8 46 0 0 3 1 4 4207 nn ACO AQ A 4 AL nn 2 4 IKIM alii BEA 100 g Figure 2 Opening screen with references to the title bar and worksheet tabs 3 Use the File tab Save As to make a backup copy of the spreadsheet xIsx file This step will ensure that if one copy is lost or damaged you will always have an original copy of the file For our example we will rename the file to Oakes_2010_Field_02 to represent a location near Oakes ND the year 2010 and field number 02 Note the worksheet tabs in the lower left corner of the screen highlighted in Figure 2 Select the worksheet tab appropriate for your situation as indicated in Table 1 Table 1 Worksheet tab descriptions and uses Worksheet Tab Name Typical Use Sheet _ND_SI Use where metric units of millimeters are appropriate This worksheet corresponds with the technical document by Steele et al 2010 and contains ET tables for North Dakota Sheet ND_ Inch Conventional units of inches and North Dakota ET tables
26. escriptive label as the first line Zz In the Soil Horizon Summary table the data validation text boxes should specify First Layer Next Layer etc rather than specifying 6 inch layer increments The program does not require that any or all soil horizons be 6 inches thick The user can specify soil horizon thicknesses as needed subject to a limit of eight 8 user defined horizons and the requirement that the deepest horizon end at 48 inches below the soil surface 3 The field description in cell B4 may appear truncated because of values in column E For example the text label 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Dickey Co used in the example in this document appears truncated to 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Click on cell B4 to see the entire text label in the formula bar at the top of the spreadsheet Return to Table of Contents Do Not Move Numbers Around the Spreadsheet l It is very important to note that numerical entries should not be moved from cell to cell in the spreadsheet Values can be copied pasted deleted and entered by typing Moving values from one cell to another by dragging them with the mouse is likely to cause formula errors This is not an error in the spreadsheet but rather a result of the fact that spreadsheet formulas refer to cell addresses 2 Here is an example If you want to change an irrigation event from 1 00 on 7 2 to an irrigation event of 1 00 on 7 3 do one the following a Delete the irrigatio
27. g baling or removal from the field Similarly the farmer may not want to irrigate immediately before a planned cut date because the crop and soil should be reasonably dry before harvesting x Le ol a ia 9 7 F y H Al Oakes 2010 Field_O2 xlsx Microsoft Excel File Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer Alfalfa Cut 1 de 6 5 2010 A B C D Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method Instruct Crop Alfalt Emergence 5 1 20 Daily Week ET for all Days Kacr ET Alfalfa ET Effective Effective Soil Soil Soil We Maximum Past Crops Since Last Reduction Rain Irrig First cut date Defic Temper Emer Except Alfalfa Cut Factor for R even th too the first Perce ature gence Cut Alfalfa Alfalfa Cut aera ni ance Adjust Tmax WPE ET amp green up date and SWDEF Regrowth before or on Sept 30 of 7 the current year G T T in days in in i 4 30 2010 61 0 0 00 Uncut 1 0000 0 00 0 350 g 5 1 2010 63 1 0 04 Uncut 1 0000 0 04 M4 gt M Oakes 2010_Field_02 Oakes_2010_Field_03_Alfalfa Sheet1_MN_ If 4 u o Ready 7 oo 100 m Figure 25 Irrigation scheduling for alfalfa with columns E F and G expanded Return to Table of Contents 36 References Anonymous 2007 Scroll bar chart Available at http whatapalaver co uk 2007 10 scroll bar chart Accessed 17 April 2012 Lundstrom D R and E C Stegman 1988 Irrigation scheduling by the checkbook method Bulletin AE
28. it Estimates of soil water deficit obtained by soil probing Percent Adjusted When starting a new season we can delete data from a previous year from a different weather station etc Thus we can delete old data as follows but note that item 4 below has special requirements l Delete all of the values in cells B8 B161 These are the daily maximum temperature values for April 30 through September 30 Delete all of the values in cells H8 H161 These are the effective rain values for April 30 through September 30 Delete all of the values in cells 18 1161 These are the effective irrigation values for April 30 through September 30 Column L is used for corrections or adjustments in the soil water deficit Note that cell L8 should contain a numerical value in percent format A value should be present to provide a starting or reference point for the soil water deficit If a value is not present in cell L8 the formula L8 in cell K8 will interpret the blank cell as a zero value and proceed as usual A blank in cell L8 does not produce numerical errors in the spreadsheet but it might confuse the user regarding the soil moisture conditions at the start of the season Blank values are interpreted as zero and have the physical meaning that the soil is at field capacity If the user does not have a value of soil water deficit for April 30 a value can be entered at a later date For this example we will leave 0 as the value in cell L8
29. l S4 C Changed name for posted files to Checkbook_Irrigation_Scheduling ND_MN_Excel_File xIsx A Added a second chart with scrolling bars to view part or all of the season The user can specify how many days in the season to view Interval Width and the starting date of the viewing period Starting Date See http whatapalaver co uk 2007 10 scroll bar chart for programming details B Eliminated senior author name from most comments Added comments to Crops amp Soils ET Tables and Charts areas to tell the user to scroll down and to the right to see the tables or charts and to scroll to the right for a hyperlink to return to cell B8 C Added the field description cell B4 contents to the chart titles Added path file worksheet date and time stamps to the headers and footers of charts A Added a dashed Management Allowed Depletion MAD line to all charts B Added a footnote to recommend that weather and irrigation forecasts not extend more than one week into the future Return to Table of Contents
30. ld_02 xlsx Microsoft Excel o 6 2 File Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer vQ P z2 D163 fe SUM D8 D161 v E A B C M H J K L M N o P Q R S Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method Instructions Internal Links External Links Authors North Dakota ET Tables Conventional Units Crops amp Soils NDAWN Disclaimer Crop Corm ET Tables Web Soil Survey Revisions Field 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Emergence 5 15 2010 Chart Cumulative Values Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil Soil Water Water Root Available Total Total Total Total j Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit Losses Zone Water ET Rain Irrigation Water E Temper Emer Except R 1 Deficit Deficit Percent Deep Depth Holding Losses ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted Percolation RZ Capacity Tmax WPE ET SWDP SWDP3 or Runoff for the WL Root Zone AWHCprz T in in in in in in in in in in in 9 28 2010 74 20 0 00 0 00 0 0 00 36 0 4 68 1856 1884 675 9686 9 29 2010 72 20 0 00 0 00 0 0 00 36 0 4 68 18 58 1884 675 9468 9 30 2010 71 20 0 00 0 00 0 0 00 36 0 4 68 18 56 1884 675 9686 Totals 18 581 18 84 8 75 9 68 164 Counts 26 8 2 165 Maximums 0 30 3 50 1 25 2 07 44 0 3 32 166 167 Return to Cell B8 a 4 gt m Sheeti_ND_SI_ Sheetl_ND_Inch Oakes_2010 Field_02 Sheeti_MN_Inch fa a gt Ready 2 Fon 100 Figure 21 Seasonal totals counts and maximu
31. ls Oakes 2010 Field_02 xlsx Microsoft Excel o E x Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer 4 Q o ep X lt Crop X fe Corn Jet m gt A B C D H J K M s amp Q R 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method Instructions Crop External Links Authors 2 North Dakota ET Tables Conventional Units ee NDAWN Disclaimer Crop activate the list select Web Soil Survey Revisions 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Emergence B the drop down arrow at the right of the cell Cumulative Values 4 Field 5 Pinto_Bean Date Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil potato rrem Total Total Total Total b Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Soybean Losses Zone Water ET Rain Irrigation Water Temper Emer Except R I Deficit Deficit mint Deep Depth Holding Losses ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent spring Wheat prcolation RZ Capacity v M 4 Sheeti_ND_SI Sheeti_ND_Inch Oakes_2010_Field_02 Sheeti MN Inh 3 M4 iu i JE Ready 23 lo gw 100 g Figure 7 Crop selection in cell L3 The data validation text box can be moved by clicking and dragging it to a convenient location Enter the crop emergence date in mm dd yyyy format in cell L4 For our example we will enter 5 15 2010 to represent May 15 2010 Click on the Crops amp Soils link in cell N2 The link
32. ment in cell L1 Figure 6 K D g H ga oY ea al Oakes_2010_Field_02 xlsx Microsoft Excel o B Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer v o ep X L1 v fe Instructions v 1 A B E D H J K 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method Instructions How to Run this Spreadsheet 2 North Dakota IET Tables Conventional Units 1 Enter the site description at the left and select a crop and emergence date below 3 Crop Corn 2 Click on the Crops and Soils link at the right to adjust crop and soil information as needed r hy z 3 Expand columns E F amp G if the crop is alfalfa 4 Field Field 2 Emergence 5 3 2009 4 Adjust the 30 April 4 30 SWDPadj value below if necessary Enter SWDPadj values periodically during 5 f f the season Abbreviations are defined in column headings Date Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil Soil Water 5 Enter past amounts or future estimates of Tmax rain and irrigation data in columns B H and I Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit respectively a Temper Emer Except R I Deficit Deficit Percent 6 Examine the SWDP column to estimate when irrigation will be needed aii ence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted P 7 Examine the SWD mm or in column to estimate how much irrigation will be needed g J 8 Try different values of Tmax I etc to examine scenarios such as changes in weather for
33. ms for selected columns Return to Table of Contents 31 Graphing Full Season Chart Each worksheet contains one pre prepared chart which contains dates on the horizontal axis the soil water deficit on the primary vertical axis and rainfall and irrigation amounts on the secondary vertical axis An example chart is shown in Figure 22 This chart represents the completion of our example from Oakes ND For 7 8 through 9 30 daily maximum temperatures from Oakes were added rainfall data similar to that from Oakes were added and irrigation events of 1 00 or 1 25 were added to maintain the SWDP less than the MAD value of 45 A user adjustment in soil water deficit to 0 was made on 7 9 2010 To locate the chart click on the Chart link in cell N4 and it will take you to cell CA400 which is at the upper left corner of an area with the chart From there you will need to scroll down and to the right to see the chart You may have to zoom in or out depending on your screen size and monitor resolution You can copy the chart and or select other columns of data to suit your needs We assume users have some familiarity with Excel and this chart only provides a starting point for graphing the data 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Dickey Co Soil Water Deficit Rain or Irrigation inch 5 1 5 15 5 29 6 12 6 26 7 10 7 24 87 8 21 9 4 9 18 EB Rain eA lrrigation SWD Figure 22 Example chart of soil water deficit rainfall
34. n For example the tab can be renamed to Oakes _ 2010 Field _02 to represent a location near Oakes ND the year 2010 and field number 02 Note Avoid spaces and parentheses in worksheet tab names A suggestion is to use underscore _ characters to represent spaces Although some special characters are allowed in Excel worksheet names they may disable the hyperlink formulas used for navigation in this irrigation scheduling spreadsheet Examples of the hyperlink formulas are the navigation links such as Crops amp Soils in cell N2 and ET Tables in cell N3 Parentheses and spaces in worksheet names will produce a Reference is not valid error message when attempting to click on a worksheet navigation hyperlink Users are advised to use only alphanumeric characters 0 through 9 and A through Z and the underscore _ character when naming worksheets to avoid difficulties with hyperlinks Characters allowed in worksheet tab names but which disable the hyperlinks include space amp C 3 lt gt and l Characters not allowed by Excel in worksheet tab names include the slash backslash and asterisk 11 The character limitations occur when copying worksheets to set up additional locations or fields For example 1f the worksheet named Sheet MN_ Inch is replicated using normal worksheet copying procedures Excel names the new worksheet Sheetl_MN_Inch 2 The spaces and
35. n Scheduling by the Checkbook Method Instructions 2 Worth Dakota ET Tables Conventional Units x Crop Corn Field 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Emergence 5 15 2010 Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil Soil VWater Water Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit Losses Temper Emer Except R l Deficit Deficit Percent Deep ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted Percolation Tmax WPE ET SWDP SWODP 4 or Runoff WL in in in in o Yo in 0 22 l 36 0 00 0 27 t 42 0 00 0 27 2 24 46 0 00 0 30 25d 54 0 00 0 27 2 61 60 0 00 0 24 3 05 65 0 00 0 21 3 T0 0 00 0 16 3 4 T4 0 00 TE f AN fn AN M 4 H Sheeti ND SI Sheeti_ ND 6 30 2010 7 1 2010 1 7 2 2010 T2 f 3 2010 T3 7 42010 TA ff5 2010 5 7 6 2010 FFF 2010 VANAN no oO oO oa es I FAA FAD he _Inch_ Oakes_2010 Field_02 I 4 u Ready E E Gl 100 Figure 18 Irrigation scheduling for July 1 through July 7 2010 When entering daily maximum temperatures any value in a range of 10 F will work For example if temperatures are expected to be in the 90s the user can enter any value from 90 to 99 The lookup tables list ET values as a function of weeks past emergence and temperature increments of 10 F The ranges of temperature Tmax are 50 F lt Tiny lt 60 F 60 F lt Tmax lt 70 F 10 F Tra lt 80 F 80 F lt
36. n entry on 7 2 and enter 1 00 on 7 3 or b Copy the entry of 1 00 from the cell for irrigation on 7 2 and paste it into the cell for irrigation on 7 3 Then delete the entry on 7 2 Return to Table of Contents Example Problem The following example illustrates how a farmer or irrigation manager could use the spreadsheet to develop an irrigation schedule for a corn crop in a field near Oakes ND for the 2010 season Users will need to change the data sets to fit their situation Some of the data used in our example will be historical while other data will be hypothetical Note the following l We will use actual temperature data from the North Dakota Agricultural Weather Network NDAWN NDAWN Center 2011 for part of the season Zz Rainfall data for our example will be similar to NDAWN data but with slight variations to emphasize the need for on site rainfall measurements When using weather data from automated networks or one s own measurements rainfall should be measured at the irrigated field being managed Note the following limitation of weather data from NDAWN With these provisions we assume that each station adequately represents all weather conditions except rainfall in a 20 mile 32 km radius circle Rainfall is extremely variable even over short distances because it is usually produced by thunderstorms NDAWN Center Station Topography Description available at http www ndawn ndsu nodak edu help equipment html
37. n text boxes request soil types for horizons in 6 inch increments e g the 0 to 6 inches shown in Figure 12 but the user may enter any integer horizon thicknesses and the corresponding textures This item is listed in the Future Improvements section of this document 19 10 Suppose we have fine sandy loam soil from 0 to 24 inches and sand from 24 to 48 inches The horizon boundaries and texture columns of the Soil Horizon Summary table could be set as shown in Figure 13 ral D HAAST SY Be Al Oakes 2010 o O Z Home Insert Page l Forme Data Revie View Devel q E s Fe Fine Sandy Loam 195 Horizon Boundaries Texture From T In B C D 0 0 6 Fine Sandy Loam 6 i Fine Sandy Loam Fine Sandy Loam Fine Sandy Loam Sand Sand Sand Sand scenario 11 Click on the Return to Cell B8 link when finished entering or selecting crops and soils information and general parameters Return to Table of Contents 20 Deleting Old Weather and Irrigation Scheduling Data The parameters in Table 2 are typically changed from one season location and crop to the next Table 2 Parameters which can be reset from year to year Column Column Title Description B Daily Maximum Daily maximum temperature values Temperature H Effective Rain Rainfall amounts entered from an on site rain gauge I Effective Irrigation Irrigation amounts entered from an on site rain gauge M Soil Water Defic
38. of Contents A What If Scenario in Irrigation Scheduling l What if the forecast for the next week calls for cool temperatures such as in the 50 F range rather than in the 90 F range The user simply enters 55 in each of the cells in the range B70 B76 for July 1 through 7 as shown in Figure 20 xx Le Pera F v Pe E F Oakes 2010 Field_O2 xlsx Microsoft Excel EA File Home Insert Fage Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer w o pp s fe 55 v Pn A Z E D H L 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook Method Instructions Crop Corn Field 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Emergence 5 15 2010 Date Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil Sail VWWater Water Maximum Fast Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit Losses Temper Emer Except R l Defict Deficit Percent Deep ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted Percolation Tax WVPE ET SWDP SWDP oF Runoff WL in in in bi k in 0 22 1 70 36 0 00 0 07 1 77 38 00 0 07 1 84 39 00 0 06 1 92 419 0 00 0 08 2 00 43 00 0 08 2 08 445 00 0 08 2 16 46 0 00 0 08 2 24 AB 0 00 Aan F 6 30 2010 af 7 1 2010 55 T 2 2010 T2 7 3 2010 T3 7 4 2010 74 7 5 2010 75 7 6 2010 7 7 2010 55 Tf WANNAN A AN 9 34 Ao oe H k Pl Sheetl_ND_ Inch 2010 Field_O2 Gakes 2010 Fieli 4 u Ready C3 3 Gy 100 Figure 20 Irrigation scheduling for July 1 through July 7 2010 with a cool forecast
39. oil or higher deficit early in the season so vegetative growth is restricted At the onset of blossoming soybeans should be irrigated to maintain a minimum 50 percent water deficit 17 The Soil Horizon Summary table Figure 11 should be edited for each field site Values in blue can be edited by the user For example Values in the To column can be changed to correspond to the soil horizons present at the field site The Web Soil Survey is a source of information on the water holding capacity of a soil A link to the Web Soil Survey is provided in cell P3 See also the irrigation scheduling bulletins for North Dakota Lundstrom and Stegman 1988 and Minnesota Wright 2002 for estimates of the water holding capacities of various soil textures x D g a ga SV B El Oakes_2010 Field_02 xlsx Microsoft Excel o B Home Insert Page Layout Formulas Data Review View Developer v o amp AA AB Ac AD AE AF AG AH 194 Soil Horizon Summary Including Available Water Holding Capacity AVVHC 195 Horizon Horizon Boundaries Texture Horizon Texture Horizon Total 196 From To Thickness AWHC AWHC AWHC 197 in in in in in in in 198 A B C D E F G H 199 0 0 l 0 Blank 1 0 6 Fine Sandy Loam 201 2 6 8 Fine Sandy Loam 202 3 8 I 12 Fine Sandy Loam SSE SC ET 203 4 12 24 Fine Sandy Loam lacs sali peste 204 5 24 i 32 Sand greater than or equal to the 2 2 p B fm Sr thant mam zos y ye i o sane of RZmax listed below
40. onal fields spreadsheet delete and re enter temperature rain irrigation and soil water deficit values as needed Remove parentheses and spaces from worksheet tab names Use underscore _ instead Terms and Abbreviations Irrigation scheduling is understood to mean the process of determining the amount and timing of irrigation water applications Irrigation amounts are expressed as a depth equivalent of rainfall Irrigation timing indicates the planned date of application of irrigation water ET evapotranspiration the combined loss of water from the soil surface through evaporation and the plant leaves through transpiration expressed as a depth equivalent of water inches or millimeters for compatibility with rainfall and irrigation depths MAD management allowed depletion inches millimeters or percent of available water the soil water deficit at which irrigation should be started SWD soil water deficit the depth equivalent of water needed to fill the soil profile to field capacity Return to Table of Contents Future Improvements for the Spreadsheet Following is a list of areas where improvements could be made in the spreadsheet Readers are encouraged to contact the author with additional suggestions l Comments are used throughout the spreadsheet to provide documentation Look for cells with a small red triangle in the upper right corner of the cell Some comments need revision to provide a short d
41. osuaga Home Oakes_2010 Field_O2 xlsx Microsoft Excel o B 7 c P Insert Formulas Data Review View Developer Crops_and_Soils Yv f Crops_and_Soils Figure 9 Crop Information Table a AB AC AD AE AF AG AH 172 Crop Information Table Cropinfo Name Return to Cell B8 References Crop Type Crop No Root Zone Week of Root Zone Maximum Maximum 173 Depth Comments 174 in 175 Alfalfa 1 48 1 Week of Root Zone Maximum 176 Barley 2 36 f A value of 7 is recommended for newly seeded 177 Corn 3 36 7 alfalfa or other crops A value of 1 maintains the 178 Pinto_Bean 4 24 T root zone depth at its maximum throughout the 179 Potato 5 24 7 season this is recommended for established 180 Soybean 6 24 7 alfalfa 181 Sugarbeet f 36 T 182 Sunflower 8 36 T 183 Spring Wheat 9 36 f v M 4 gt gt Sheeti_ND_SI lt Sheeti_ND_Inch Oakes 2010 Field_02 A 4 u gt Ready 0 EB 100 16 The general parameters Figure 10 can be left alone by most users This area provides a place for users to change the parameters listed The MAD value does not affect the soil water balance but it changes the values in the soil water deficit percent column from black to red when they exceed the MAD value the color change is intended to help the user see the need for irrigation The MAD value is plotted as a dashed line of the charts in version 2 1 and later x D e a a la Me Sv e Ga l Qakes 2
42. parentheses in this worksheet name will disable the hyperlinks in the irrigation scheduling spreadsheet A solution to this problem is to rename the worksheet to Sheet MN_ Inch _2 to preserve the functionality of the hyperlink formulas 12 6 To avoid confusion it may be helpful to delete the worksheet tabs you will not use in the future For example if you farm near Bismarck ND it is unlikely that you will need the North Dakota worksheet with metric SI units or the Minnesota worksheet Figure 5 shows the user right clicking on the worksheet tab named Sheet _ND_SI to delete it Select Delete from the worksheet operation menu xi D g h mla i F yY E Al Oakes o E File Hom Inser Page Form Data Revie View Deve 7 E 2s EFE C D J Right click on a 1 Irrigation Scheduling by the Checkbook M worksheet tab for 2 North Dakota ET Tables SI Units the worksheet 4 operation menu 4 Field li Insert gt Jall Effective Effective Soll aaa s Rain Irrigation Wate Move or Copy Pt R I Defici View Code alfa SWL Protect Sheet Tab Color Hide mm A l eee 1 5 9 1 May 09 Sess 03 in Dhaene AG Select All Sheets 72 Wo BE Pe Ready 4 E Gl 100 F Figure 5 Right click a worksheet tab to delete the worksheet in Microsoft Excel Return to Table of Contents 13 Setting up a Field Site l General instructions for running the spreadsheet are contained in a com
43. pporting Files The Excel spreadsheet file is available by typing or copying and pasting the following link into your web browser https bb ndsu nodak edu webapps cmsmain webui _xy 3112708_1 t_crxL9eNe A PDE copy of the technical document describing the background and formulas is available by right clicking on the following link or copying it into your web browser https bb ndsu nodak edu webapps cmsmain webui _xy 1175993_1 t_ EOxK83o0z The reference for the technical document is Steele D D T F Scherer D G Hopkins S R Tuscherer and J Wright 2010 Spreadsheet implementation of irrigation scheduling by the checkbook method for North Dakota and Minnesota Appl Engr Agric 26 6 983 995 The spreadsheet is intended to be used in Microsoft Excel 2007 or later Compatibility packs for use with previous versions of Excel are available at http office microsoft com en us support microsoft office compatibility pack for word excel and powerpoint 2007 file formats HA010168676 aspx Microsoft product screen shots are used with permission from Microsoft A PDE copy of this User s Manual is available at https bb ndsu nodak edu webapps cmsmain webui _xy 2906578_1 t_9o0ybWpZ Return to Table of Contents Quick Start If you are familiar with Microsoft Excel 2010 and checkbook irrigation scheduling methods and want to get started quickly refer to Figure 1 as you follow the steps below x a
44. the Checkbook Method Instructions 2 Worth Dakota ET Tables Conventional Units 3 gt Corn Field 2010 Corm NW 29 Ada Twp Emergence 5 15 2010 Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soil Soil Soil Water Water Maximum Fast Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit Losses Temper Emer Except R I Deficit Deficit Percent Deep ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted Percolation Tmax WWPE ET SWDP SWDP 4 or Runoff WL in in in Ei o 0 12 0 00 0 15 0 15 0 15 0 00 0 12 0 12 0 14 0 26 0 19 0 45 0 19 0 64 0 19 0 26 0 14 0 42 0 19 0 61 0 19 0 60 0 22 1 02 0 17 1 14 0 17 1 31 0 17 1 468 0 22 1 70 0 00 1 70 0 00 1 70 0 00 1 70 0 00 1 70 0 00 1 70 T5 7 6 2010 0 00 1 70 76 fFf 2010 0 00 1 70 4 gt H Sheeti_ND_SI_ Sheeti_ND_inch_ Oakes_2010_Field_o2 lt J 4 ii Cell M commented by Dean Steele EE I ee n 6 15 2010 6 16 2010 6 17 2010 6 18 2010 6 19 2010 6 20 2010 6 21 2010 6 22 2010 6 23 2010 6 24 2010 6 25 2010 6 26 2010 6 27 2010 6 28 2010 68 6 29 2010 69 6 30 2010 7 1 2010 Ti 7 2 2010 T2 7 3 2010 T3 7 42010 T4 7 5 2010 Figure 16 Irrigation scheduling situation as of July 1 2010 24 2 If you want to recreate the scenario in Figure 16 do the following a enter the crop emergence date and soil texture data used so far in this example b enter the temperature and rain data as shown c go to cell H54 and re enter a large rainfall event su
45. uling by the Checkbook Method Instructions North Dakota T Tables Conventional Units 3 Crop Corn 2010 Corn NW 29 Ada Twp Emergence 4 15 2010 Daily Week ET forall Effective Effective Soll Soil Soil Water Water Maximum Past Crops Rain Irrigation Water Water Deficit Losses Temper Emer Except R I Deficit Deficit Percent Deep ature gence Cut Alfalfa SWD Percent Adjusted Percolation Tmax WIPE ET SWDP SWDP adj OF Runoff W oF 6 30 2010 aT T 1 2010 95 7 2 2010 95 7 3 2010 95 T 4 2010 95 7 5 2010 95 7 6 2010 95 in in in in o 0 22 1 70 36 0 27 1 97 42 Irrigation Entry 0 27 434 26 Leave blank 03 0 30 1 34 39 greater than or 0 30 a 414 ABM equal to zero 0 30 2 44 52 TEFA2010 95 0 29 2 13 Daw TI WANIA A AN 7 T73 EADE MA4 H Sheeti ND_SI Sheeti ND_Incth Oakes_2010_Field_02 IKEM o Ready J IEE 100 Figure 19 Irrigation application scheduled for 7 2 2010 The next red MAD value 46 in cell K74 of Figure 19 has advanced to 7 5 2010 so that will be our next irrigation date 28 6 The above process can be repeated throughout the season Rainfall data can be entered when it is known and the irrigation schedule dates and amounts adjusted accordingly a If the weather forecast changes new estimates of daily maximum temperature can be entered and the irrigation schedule adjusted as needed 8 Save your file Return to Table

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