R&S SFU & R&S WinIQSIM Function and Uses
Contents
1. Not available for R amp S amp SFU Import OK Cancel Fig 15 R amp S WinlIQSIM System menu As the figure above shows there is a large number of modulation modes to choose from Ex factory the R amp S SFU provides the modulation modes Sin gle Carrier Multi Carrier Multi Carrier Mixed Signal and Import The blocks shown in the block diagram are modified according to the modula tion mode selected in the menu 16 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Block diagram The blocks shown in the diagram are the key components of the R amp S WinIQSIM application They are configured to generate the signal that is required Block Diagram Single Carrier Phase Distortion Phase Noise Sidebands off on off on Bandpass Amplifier Dist Power Rampin Multipath off 1 On Off JIM On Off TIBI On oft on Interferer Noise CW Interferer Add Signal Receiver Filter Quantization Smoothing IF Generation off I On off I on off l on off iS on Fig 16 R amp S9WinIQSIM block diagram The red sections in the figure above indicate the modulation dependent areas which can change with different modulation standards The table below overviews the functions of the modulation independent blocks Configuration window IQ Impairments es AEN Q offset Carrier Leakage No Off I On S E E Qimbalance IG Imbalance Quadrature Error do 0 00 i2. thernet adapter Local Area Connection 2 Connection specific DNS Suffix psintviret IP Address 10 113 10 193 255 255 0 0 10 113 0 1 Documents and Settings instrument gt Fig 34 Displaying the IP address The IP address is outlined in red 2 FTP connection on the client e Enter ftp in the DOS command line Confirm with ENTER e Enter open Confirm with ENTER 7BM57_1E 30 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM ftp open To Fig 35 FTP client The IP address obtained above can now be entered In this example 10 113 10 193 When prompted to enter a user and password do not enter anything simply confirm with ENTER in each case Select the FTP server directory cd d ARB Waveforms ftp cd d ARB Waveforms Fig 36 Changing to the FTP directory When you enter put lt name of file to be transferred gt the file is copied to the current R amp S SFU directory FTP 64d Bytes gesendet in 0 00Sekunden 69000 00KB s ftp gt Fig 37 File transfer via FTP To terminate the FTP client enter guit and confirm with ENTER 31 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Shared folders on the R amp S SFU Alternatively a folder or drive can be shared via Windows sharing 1 Opening the sharing menu Hight mouse click the folder to be shared Select Sharing and Security In the window that appears click the
3. Ref 3 dBm UBU 300 kHz Att 30 dB SUT 12 ms Center 666 MHz F Span ZERO SPAH SIHGLE SWEEP TRIGGER Fig 45 GSM signal in the time domain 35 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 8 References 1 Gerlach Ottmar 2005 Application Note 1MA28 13E I Q Wizard Q Signal Measurement amp Conversion Munich Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG website http www rohde schwarz com 2 Gerlach Ottmar 2001 Application Note 1MA29 4E NPR Noise Power Ratio Signal Generation and Measurement Munich Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG website http www rohde schwarz com 9 Additional Information Our Application Note are regularly revised and updated Check for any changes at http www rohde schwarz com Please send any comments or suggestions about this Application Note to Broadcasting T hi Applicationsi rahd e schwarz cam 7BM57 1E 36 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 10 Ordering Information R amp S SFU Broadcast Tet Sytem 2110250042 R amp S SFU B1 Coder Extension 1 2110 74 02 R amp S SFU BI0 Coder Extersion10 onam R amp S FU Bii ET mpu Ouput 170 7588 05 R amp SSFU B2 Coder Extension 2110 8099 02 R amp S SFU B3 Memory Estensioni 110 7447 02 R amp SSFU BGO Fading Simulator 2110 7530 00 R amp S SFU E31 Fading Simulator Extension to 40 Paths F2 110 7547 02 R amp S SFU B4 MemoryExtension2 2110748342 RES SPURS
4. Share this folder item D ARB WAVEFORMS in the Sharing index Transfer Properties General Sharing web Sharing Customize You can share this folder with other users on your network To enable sharing for this folder click Share this folder Q Din not share this folder 9 Share this folder Share name Transfer Comment P User limit 22 M asimum allowed CO Allow this number of users B To set permissions for users who access this folder over the network click Permissions To configure settings for offline access click Caching Fig 38 Sharing menu 2 Setting permissions Go to Permissions Permissions for Transfer Share Permissions Group or user names t Everyone Permissions for Everyone Deny Full Control Change Read Fig 39 Setting permissions Select Full Control for Everyone Close the current window and the sharing window with OK 32 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 3 Accessing shared directories By entering lt IP_ address gt lt Shared folder gt this directory can be a cessed from the computers in the network Without the following user ac count password access will be denied User Instrument Password Instrument 33 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Replaying the WV file on the R amp S SFU 1 ARB s
5. AN CAR YS 8 O 23 z cal lt lt HRN WEN CFN I 24 7 Application Example R amp S WinIQSIM and R amp SSFU 25 GSM signal generation e e Y YY ALL LL LLY LLY LLA ELLYR Y FY Fnn yd 25 WV file generation 9 9 Y YY YL Y AA mmm 26 Automatic transfer of the WV file to the R amp S SFU l 29 Manual transfer of the WV file to the R amp SSSFU ll 29 Replaying the WV file on the R amp S SFU sssenne 34 oM nici i e RETI 36 9 Additional Information ccccccececececececececececececeeeceseceseseeeceeecenes 36 TO Ordening Inter iM AON sisirin o y GA NC eter see 37 2 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 1 Overview Arbitrary waveform generator this term encapsulates the wide ranging pabilities and applications that can be provided by user definable Q base band signals and a vector signal generator Rohde amp Schwarz has developed the R amp S WinIQSIM software package specifically with this in mind But how do the R amp S SFU and R amp S WinIQSIM interwork and what fea tures are provided for the user This Application Note provides the answers to these questions This Application Note first outlines the fundamentals of analog and digital modulation The R amp S SFU s arbitrary waveform generator is then briefly d scribed to lay the groundwork for the more extensive explanation of interw
6. CAM AM k2 2jo 00 dB k3 joo dB k2 s o 00 9 k3 s 0 00 S OK Cancel Tai Phase noise Phase Noi se c m 1 CO Noise at fsym 2 E 80 00 dB Sor Ref Noise 410000 dB VCO noise Quadrature error AM PM Phase Distortion Phase Noise Sidebands off E on off R on PLL Bandwidth 2 0 050000 fsmp auos Frequency 3 0 050000 fsmp 7 Reference NOISE On Of Level 80 00 dB OK Cancel PLL bandwidth Sidebands Frequency Level 7BM57_1E 17 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Bandpass Off m On mo Bandpass internal l MAG Distortion ki 0 00 dB k2 40 00 dB in 40 00 dB istortion U in A0 OK Cancel Amplifier Dist Amplifier Distortion u Amplifier nonlinear off I on dol Al AM PM k3 1 00 dB k3 0 00 k5 0 00 dB k5 30 00 Operating Point 411 00 OK Cancel Power Rampin Off ll On i Periodically Extended Power Ra Ramp cos x Ramp ED 00 Tsym Ramp Positions r Define new ramp position Sym Defined Ramp Positions Delete Delete All OK Cancel Multipath mM Define path 1 Of on Delay Tsym 0 00 A000E 0 s Level 210 00 dB Phase foo E Add Defined Paths No Delay Tsym Level dB Phase Delete
7. Depending on the security context and the network environment the appro priate alternative can be chosen from the list below USB stick Copy the file from R amp S WinlIQSIM to a USB memory stick Use the stick to transfer the file via the R amp S SFU s USB port The R amp S WinIQSIM file can then be saved to the D ARB Waveforms standard folder or to any other directory on the D drive 7BM57_1E 29 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM FTP An FTP server is installed as standard on the R amp S SFU It can be started by entering c program files va ftp The FTP server can also be used to transfer the file created by R amp S WinIQSIM The FTP client of the DOS command line is used for this example for reasons of availability 1 Determining the R amp S SFU s IP address e Under the instrument s operating system select Run in the start menu AB Prop ans P Fig 32 Run start menu e Enter cmd in the entry field and confirm with OK Tipe tha rame of a program folder cirrumurrt ar I f aqntmatrescurca and Windows wil open It for you oer cmd LT oc c9 mm Fig 33 Run dialog box e Enter ipconfig in the DOS entry mask which now appears Confirm with ENTER NDocuments and Settings instrument gt ipconf ig Jindous IP Configuration thernet adapter Local Area Connection Media State Media disconnected
8. Fundamentals EN TETTE PENE HE REET EEE 5 VECIOM nio AU O ec T M 6 Mathematical interMe ZZO cccccececeeeeeeecee sees RR FR YR Y FFAN 6 Phasor diagrams esu W OU Ra WYR dd WD GR 2nd rU Edd 7 vector Tod al HO 8 4 R amp S SFU s Arbitrary Waveform Generator seene 9 R amp S SFU K35 circuit configuration eeeeen 9 ARB user interface sees nennen nnns 10 Data sheet ValUeS 4 caei OY Y 11 R amp S9SFU K35 interpolating waveform generator 12 RAM she EEEREN 12 DEUS TIO AU OM NER E 13 Digital analog CONVEISION cccccececeeeececeeeeeeaeeeseeeeeeeeaeaeseseees 13 Lowpass TINENING Y Y K REF F TF FRFN 14 Waveform file format eese mmm 14 1st step binary conversion eese 14 2nd step type clock and samples tag 15 3rd step waveform tag sesssssssee mmm 15 MEL WU Mu Y O GW gg FYND TC 16 Ss iN Iq 0 FEN HYN E RYN FFF RF YNN 16 EIOCK 12 19 g gt 8 SEF Ii I FENAI ES EE FY EU FFF 17 ipee m AND 19 i aid SUN o UIT 20 6 Additional Applications for R amp S WiNIQSIM ooo cece eee 22 R amp S IQWizard BRENT 22 Importing MATLAB files ASCII files etc 22 SST NING ANNONCE ERR EHE RR RM 23 File export uwy yW GU SW AA
9. IQWizard exportable data types 7BM57 1E 23 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM R amp S NPR Fm were Deere Cel gor Hen Cares idi p eich Dol Pen Pap Fecha Jenkin Tax path erred terns ede Reamer ines Baie elyn ere Liu Fee erri Fenni a di DERE ITE no u Ru IHI aH xr ONCE 2013 TOR a Fo Lwrif rw 111x563 dE m Gasged eis Alben A MER Xem UE Fisk SN 10 7a or ee MN mc BENE C o j oo z turn PhesTeh iiki nesa o wm mu MEL 3 1 Cora Fig 22 R amp S NPR interface When R amp S Noise Power Ratio is directly connected to R amp S WinIQSIM it is possible to generate noise power stimulus signals and using other Rohde amp Schwarz instruments connected via the IEC IEEE bus to measure the resulting noise power ratio of the DUT The test setup to be used is shown below IEEE bus Windows 95 98 NT4 2000 TCP IP protocol Fig 23 R amp S NPR test setup For more information see the Rohde amp Schwarz Application Note 1MA29 4E 2 at http www rohde schwarz com 7BM57_1E 24 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 7 Application Example R amp S WinIQSIM and R amp S SFU 7BM57 1E GSM signal generation One of the examples supplied with WinlOSIM will be used as an illustrative signal Select File Open Settings File system Data Modulation Impairments New Ctrl N Open settings
10. cave Settings AS Ctri S Save for Add Multi Carrier Mixed Signal Save Mod Mapping Save Mod Filter Save Receiver Filter Save Bandpass Filter show Report Exit Tam km m ym Um Fig 24 Open Settings In the window below select the examples directory in the applications folder Select gsm_slo1 igs TEUER e ai iic ie as ice Fie E E i an vi xd vies Programme Rohde Scheer ini LY ef gaesrmi kes sil ductanin E3esempas a Wen fest modes poe sree jcxaoz 11b Ku 25 Jane mixed i dect Oy aedi nadceyn ics Fig 25 Open dialog The configuration for a GSM signal is now displayed in the block diagram 25 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Block Diagram Single Carrier Phase Distortion IQ Impairments Phase Noise Sidebands off I On off 1 on off 1 On Bandpass Amplifier Dist Multipath Offset off 1 On off TR On off I On Off I On Interferer Noise CW Interferer Add Signal off I On off I On off I On Receiver Filter Quantization Smoothing IF Generation off 1 On off 1 On of 1 On off 1 On Fig 26 Block diagram GSM signal The simulation uses the following settings e Data source example file GSM_TSC1 DBI for midamble modulation e Modulation type MSK e Coding GSM diff e Symbol rate 270 833330 kHz e Sequence length 1250 symbols Filter Windowing e Filter Gauss e B T 0 30 e Window f
11. e g scramblers coders mappers and mixers and outputting a modulated RF signal Essentially an ARB generator is an I Qmodulation endless loop In other words an Q modulation sequence with a specific length defined and gener ated beforehand is stored in memory and read out in a continuous loop as a baseband or IF signal The baseband l Q data which has been dotained in this way is then I Q modulated using a mixer see chapter 3 Vector Modu lator R amp S SFU K35 circuit configuration The R amp S SFU s arbitrary waveform generator can be used as an IQ data source for a wide range of purposes inside the instrument The following dia gram indicates the possible uses of the ARB in a highly simplified form Inter ferer bem bu ee pyle M Coder Mapper Q Analog Out RF out Out Fig 5 R amp S SFU ARB circuit configuration Possible uses of the ARB generator 1 Interference source The arbitrary waveform generator is used to additively superimpose an nter ference signal on a signal generated by the internal coder 2 Source for generating an RF signal from ARB data The arbitrary waveform generator outputs baseband I O data which after l Q modulation determines the required RF signal at the output 9 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM The I O data from the arbitrary waveform generator can be fed to the analog or digital I O output The analog I Q output is always activated see
12. graphics The digital output is configurable from the tap tap after baseband impair ments not shown See the User Manual for a more detailed description of the configuration tions ARB user interface The ARB function is implemented in the user interface of the R amp S SFU in the following way After lt APPL gt on the R amp S SFU is pressed the ARB interface can be s lected HARDKEY APL ig F SETUP BER HOME PRESET ASSIGN LOCAL Fig 6 Selecting the ARB application The ARB status waveform file clock rate etc can be selected using the fol lowing menu tree FAVORITES ARB oN LOAD WAVEFORM d ARB WAVEFORMS sine test signal wv CLOCK BACK TESTSIGNAL Fig 7 ARB GUI oee chapter 7 for a detailed example illustrating user prompting 7BM57 1E 10 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Data sheet values Arbitrary waveform generator option R amp S SFU K35 Waveform memory length 512 samples to 64 Msamples in one sample steps resalutian 16 bit loading time for 10 Msamples 15s nonvolatile mena hard disk Clock generation clock rate 400 Hz to 100 MHz accuracy 0 001 Hz operating mode internal external frequency accuracy internal accuracy of reference frequenc Interpolation bandwidth with clock rate 100 MHz no 40 MHz interpolation roll off drop ta D 1 dB with clock rate 100 MHz drop to 0 31 x clock rate 0 1 dB sampling rate automatica
13. menu Transmission 4 ARB transfer specification To start the generation of an WV file for the current R amp S WinIQSIM pro ject Source must be selected in Internal Win IQSIM If the file that has been created is to be saved the storage location must be specified under Destination in the File or SFU menu item Note The SFU option in the Destination area is available only if the n strument firmware version is 1 40 or later To create the ARB file click Transmit 27 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinIQSIM ES SFU Waveform Transmission We i a TE e 27000000 00 Hz Fig 30 SFU Waveform Transmission 7BM57_1E 28 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Automatic transfer of the WV file to the R amp S SFU I When you click the text box under I a data browser opens This browser shows the folder structures and contents of R amp S SFU pages The browser can be used to save R amp S WinlQSIM files File Name Directory Mame Drive ID 3 Cancel Directory Siz Free HO spar 1 File Info T m Fig 31 Saving directly to the R amp S SFU Manual transfer of the WV file to the R amp S SFU Il As mentioned some way above automatic file transfer is not supported by R amp S SFU firmware versions below 1 40 This does not matter as WV files can still be transferred manually to the instrument s ARB generator
14. with frequency and phase angle p A t a cos t p o Step 2 By introducing a frequency offset trigonometric addition formulas can be used to obtain a new expression for A t A t a cos t p o o T o n the identity cos a D cos ct 0s B sin ot sin B implies A t gt cos t p cos Qg 5 4 sino o p sin f MM a As the equation above shows A t is the sum of two signal components in quadrature 6 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E O CO R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Step 3 The third and last step uses multiplication formulas to manipulate the expression for A t to show that I O modulation always produces two side bands Using the identities cos a cos B Z cos a B cos o B und sin amp sin B Z cos o B cos a B it follows that I t 5 a coslo 0 1 p 5 4 cosl Q t p o o T o n Q t a coslo O k p a cosl ay 0 t p Phasor diagrams In mathematics and electrical engineering the phasor diagram has been adopted as an effective way of visualizing sinusoidal carriers In other words a sinusoidal signal is represented by a rotating vector or phasor The sinusoi dal oscillation is described by the amplitude phase and rotating frequency of the phasor I G modulation is represented in terms of two phasors The sine and cosine components of the oscillations give rise
15. 3 Modulation 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Fundamentals To make a signal carry information three signal parameters can be varied as a function of the information A sinusoid can be fully described in terms of the parameters amplitude A phase f and its period T A Amplitude Fig 1 Sinusoid T Period f Phase offset By varying A f or T in a specific way information can be impressed on a signal This is referred to as anplitude phase or frequency modulation pending on which parameter is varied For example a carrier signal c t is amplitude modulated with an input signal s t by multiplying these two sig nals together in a mixer AN N s t C A m t Nee c t WW s t Input signal U T c t Carrier m t Modulated signal Fig 2 Mixer 5 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E 0 C R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Vector modulation When digital modulation is used an orthogonality relation makes it possible to maximize information content by allowing two independent data streams to be simultaneously impressed on a single carrier This form of modulation is commonly referred to as I Q modulation This method works because there is no mutual interference if two signals which are 90 out of phase i e in quadrature undergo additive superposition This type of modulation can be mathematically described in steps as follows Mathematical intermezzo Step 1 Consider a single carrier
16. Block Diagram Single Carrier IQ Impairments Phase Noise Sidebands off IM on off E on off JM On Bandpass Amplifier Dist Power Rampin Multipath Offset off I on Off I on Off Ml on off I on off S on ff FEIHEFE CHE i ie eae Te TTW CW Interferer Add Signal off I On off IMM On Smoothing IF Generation off fS On off fS On Broadcast Test System R amp S SFU R amp S SFU amp R amp S WinIOSIM M Function and Uses of the Arbitrary Waveform Generator ARB Application Note Arbitrary waveform generator this term encapsulates the wide ranging capabilities and applications that can be provided by user definable I Q baseband signals and a vector signal generator Rohde amp Schwarz has de veloped the R amp S WinIQSIM software package specifically with this in mind The first questions a user might ask are How do the R amp S SFU and R amp S WinIQSIM interwork and what features are available This Application Note has been produced to answer these questions amp ROHDE amp SCHWARZ Subject to change H Gsoedl 12 2006 7BM57 1E Contents 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM TW Set 3 2 mn 18 YY _ FER NR paci FF FFF NF NWFN 3 PC hardware reduirementsS Y YY Y Y YY LLYRY Y nnne 3 PC software requirements sess 4 R amp S SFU requirements eee 4 3 sels ie RETE 5
17. OK Cancel i i Phase 0 00 o Assistant Frequency 20 208333 fsmp Interferer Noise CW Interferer Add Signal Wn Eb No 2f20 00 dB M On Off mM On i Bandwidth 0 5 y fsym Cl 420 00 dB Frequency 30 050 fsmp Add Signal On File Info ANIOSIM Realisie tes Off Level 0 00 dB OK Cancel 18 Magnitude distortion Group delay distortion AM AM conversion AM PM conversion Definition of power ramps via Ramp functions Ramp positions Insertion of additional propagation paths which can be defined in the follow ing ways Path delay Level Phase Phase offset Frequency offset The following interferers can be additively superimposed on the transmission path Noise Unmodulated carrier Imported signal Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Receiver Filter oe Receive filters can be set off IM On E via Filter mode Filter function B T Quantization SE Quantization can be set via I i ni IQ Resolution dos otf M On gd Offi Coef Resolution qos O resol ution OK Cancel Coefficient resolution Smoothing ean Smoothing can be defined Of m On n a Smooth Range 32 Samples via Fee ed Smoothing range ee emede Fea 05909 Generation of IF signals via uo IF sj25 000000 MHz off M On T Invert Q for IF Assistan
18. User WO run am R amp SSFU BS Additional Hard Dek 2110 7501 0203 R amp S SFU B90 High Power and Overmatige Protection 71108008 02 RESSFU KI DVB UH Coder 2110730142 RES SFU KO Media LD Coder gyn mau RES SFU KIO AMC Code enionrequest R amp S SFIR LDMBDABCader 2110 78 02 R amp S SFU KIA DMB TH Code zvn rau R amp S SFU KIGO ATV Standard BFG Coder 21710 anan 02 R amp S SFU KI91 ATV Standard DK Coder 211006037 02 R amp S SFU KIE ATV Standard 2170 04 02 R amp S SFU KGS ATV Standard MN Coder 2 140 086 0 R amp S SFU KI94 ATV StandardL Coder 21108072402 R amp S SFU KASS Multi ATY Predefined 2 1 10 0 R amp SSFULQ DVB C Code 110732402 R amp SSFI IGU TS Generar syt gamu R amp SSFULQT TS Recorder 2110 7482 02 R amp S SFU 2 TRPFIar morer RES SFU 1221 T DMBIDAB Steams ogam R amp S SFU 1O3 vides Generator n RES SFU ks DVB WbSNO Coder proram R amp S SFU KG0 Enhanced Fading noram R amp SSFUKGZ DAB Gaussian Fang 211075302 R amp S SFU K35 ARB Generator le110 760 MR R amp SSFUIGST T DMBDABWavefomme 21104277 AD R amp SSFI KGSE DVB HWawefomms 9110242502 R amp S SFU DRM Waveforms 211045540 R amp S SFU a54 DTV Interterets 2110288002 R amp SSFU Ka jaTSCmvSBCade 2110735302 Ras SFU kaz mpueiwe Nose nomet R amp SSFUKAS MufinoiseUse un me R amp SSFULS LSSBCeder O pronor R am
19. ated signals according to the formula sin Jon i i The following signal is created in the time domain sampl 13 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM t us a I Fig 13 Signal after D A conversion Lowpass filtering The last step analog lowpass filtering removes any remaining aliasing prod ucts Fig 14 Output signal after lowpass filtering Waveform file format The R amp S SFU processes normalized binary 1 Q data which is contained in specific tags A tag comprises a name and a data packet separated by a colon and enclosed in curly braces Example Name Data The following procedure must be used to generate waveforms manually 1st step binary conversion To obtain binary data normalized to 1 1 l Q data from decimal numbers each decimal number is converted into an unsigned 16 bit integer This gives a range i e 65535 that is compatible with the resolution of the D A converter The values which are obtained are then concatenated in the following way IQIQIQ IQ 14 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 2nd step type clock and samples tag The following lines are inserted before the actual binary data TYPE SFU WV xxxxxxx CLOCK yyy SAMPLES zzz xxxxxxx Checksum which however is not checked by the R amp S SFU and so is set to 0 yyy Clock frequency in Hz at which the waveform is outpu
20. election window The ARB interface can be selected by pressing lt APPL gt on the R amp S SFU HARDKEY APL ig BI SETUP MBER HOME PRESET ASSIGN LOCAL Fig 40 Selecting the ARB application 2 ARB settings Set the ARB to ON Then click LOAD WAVEFORM ARB Jon LOAD WAVEFORM d ARBAVAVEFORMSG sine_test_signal wv BACK FAVORITES CLOCK TESTSIGNAL Fig 41 ARB menu 3 Selecting the WV file Select the directory you want and then the file you require Confirm your se lection NAME SIZE DATE ild FuBK Stereo originalw16 5 MB 05 08 BK Stereo original 16 5 MB 05 10 28 14 50 58 6 5 kB 06 6 0 mc bild FuBK _ CW WV n 05 06 17 06 06 28 sine_test_signal wv 1008 0B 05 11 28 16 19 39 Fig 42 Loading the waveform 4 Changing to the TX interface By pressing lt APPL gt on the R amp S SFU select the TX application HARDKEY ES SETUP e HOME B3 ARB PRESET fj TSGEN ASSIGN LOCAL Fig 43 TX application 34 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 5 Selecting the ARB generator as a signal source Under SIGNAL SOURCE select ARB The ARB signal is then output with modulation on MODULATION ON SIGNAL SOURCE ARB 7 SPECTRUM NORMAL INTERFERER SOURCE NONE e gt BACK Fig 44 Signal source selection A GSM signal is now output at the RF output 50 ms 6 1 9 dBm RBlJ 30 KHz
21. lly interpolated to the intemal 100 MHz data rate Fig 8 Data sheet values Different instrument generations may have different memory depths More e cent R amp S SFU K35 options have memory depths of 128 Msamples rather than 64 Msamples The option version can be determined with the Setup Hardkey in HARDWARE OPTIONS If an SFU B3 option is listed it is an ARB for se quence lengths of 128 Msamples TT TRANSMITTER MENU FLE STATLS HELP FARDKEY OT MEMDRYEXTENSION 1 2 i mau MEMORY EXTENSION 2 2 AH HIGH POWER GWERV PRUT 21 HARDWARE SETTINGS CONTROLLER BACK COMMUNICATION Fig 9 Hardware options 11 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM R amp S SFU K35 interpolating waveform generator The following figure shows how the R amp S SFU K35 arbitrary waveform genera tor option functions f 100 MHz Arbitrary Waveform sample l Q Data Lowpass filter j a RAM Interpolation Digital analog Lowpass filtering conversion fsample Abtastrate Fig 10 Interpolating arbitrary waveform generator The great advantage of the interpolating arbitrary waveform generator is that short sequences can be filled out with interpolated values ff 100 MHz sampl to create long sequences This makes it possible to significantly reduce any aliasing products RAM The information needed to generate wa
22. mp S WinlQSIM As indicated above there is a choice of four different formats for importing user defined I O data from MATLAB For an in depth description of the syntax consult the Application Note referred to above Sampling When connected via an IEC IEEE interface the R amp S FSIO R amp S FSP R amp S FSU R amp S FSQ R amp S FSL and R amp S EXPI spectrum analyzers from Rohde amp Schwarz can be used for signal sampling under R amp S IQWizard control To find out how to determine the sampling rate and the number of samples see the chapter R amp S SFU s Arbitrary Waveform Generator Furthermore it should be noted that the resolution bandwidth RBW of the spectrum analyzer must at least equal the bandwidth of the signal to be e corded File export The sampling procedure or the imported files can be exported with Save IQ Data The following target formats can be selected to do this V WinIQSIM ibn Matlab ASCII single dat dat Matlab ASCII mixed asc Matlab binary single mat mat Matlab binary mixed mat MathCAD single i q Math CAD mixed dat DaDisp single i g DaDisp mixed dsp COSSAP single i q COSSAP mixed dat SPW ASCII single ascsig ascsig SPW ASCII mixed ascsig SPW binary mixed sig ADS ASCII single ascsig ascsig WAN wav IGSIM i q DAB K1 sym IQW mixed iqiqiq ig igw IQW mixed iii icjgg c igw Fig 21 R amp S
23. ng Auto 1 Baseband Impulse Dirac s 1 Exc a Window function Pulse length Oversampling Baseband pulse ARB menu R amp S WinlIQSIM is a general tool for generating and transmitting 1 Q signals The ARB data that has been generated must therefore be tailored to the ARB generator that is used This is done in the Target ARB Selection submenu lange ARD Seder ton eB Sl Target ARES Ela Animum clock reda SI 0 Ha AFA Fansretat mum clacb ra 100 0 ae l Pea mum wssvelarm largh B71 EHA Fig 17 Target ARB Selection The R amp S SFU ARB cannot be operated unless SFU K35 has been amp lected The Transmission menu item in the SFU ARB submenu must be se lected to actually generate the ARB data chw cmm er mo m Ro Rosas guo Eee a T E nar Crac nt fea Fin Pan md Source mari Mn EIS i Fis Dag ia ion i Wa Fip vers s Paai a bn py bi acre d cha oia NS Werte E ka E lene bi Hia I a meng eral mad ATA Den Gwe 20 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Fig 18 Waveform Transmission e File comment e Currently selected simulation e lll Previously generated ibn file e V File browser for saving directly tothe R amp S SFU e V Name of the file to be saved locally e VI Resetting the clock frequency e VII Reversing the polarity of the I Q modulation e VII With IV automatic waveform start af
24. ork ing with the R amp S WinIQSIM package Note In this Application Note the terms arbitrary waveform generator ARB gen erator and ARB are synonymous 2 Requirements The applications R amp S WinIQSIM additional applications described in this Application Note are based on the following requirements PC hardware requirements Minimum Recommended CP Pentium 133 MHz Pentium ll 450 MHz or later U RAM 32 Mbytes 128 Mbytes Hard disk 10 Mbytes 50 Mbytes VGA monitor SVGA color monitor resolu monet 640 x 480 tion 800 x 600 or later IEC IE EE bus interface National Instruments Remote control adapters or compatible alternatives 7BM57_1E 3 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM PC software requirements Windows95 98 NT Windows 98 2000 Me XP Operating system Microsoft Internet Explorer expansions 5 0 or later IEC IEEE bus driver NI 488 2 V1 7 or later Visa driver Remote control NI VISA v3 0 or later Visa remote control of R amp S devices RSIB PASSPORT V1 4 Applications R amp SWinlQsIM 4 3 See the Rohde amp Schwarz website http www rohde schwarz com for nfor mation on R amp S9WinIQSIM installation functionality and operation R amp S SFU requirements Hardware MEMORY amp EXTENSION 1 R amp S SFU B3 2110 7447 02 Software ARB GENERATOR R amp S SFU K35 2110 7601 02 options 7BM57_1E 4 Rohde amp Schwarz
25. p S SFU KG SDE TCede 110737502 R amp SSFU MBU BER Measurement foram RES SFU DMBTCoder O 10 7382 05 RES sruka DVB S2Cede 2110 7358 02 R amp S SFU KGO Extended Wa gv mug R amp S SFU KE1 Realime Diablei morom R amp S SFU KB2 Realtime Enabled o 211079760 R amp SSFUG DIRECTW C o 110740142 R amp S SFU L Upgrade KFTorRESSFU KAS 21107688 02 R amp SDWDVBH DVB H Stream Library 2005470442 R amp SDWHoB4 H284Streamlibray 205578500 RES DW HDTV HDTV Seguenoes pos mam RES DVISDBT ISDB T Stream Liny DO55812505 R amp SDV TCM TestCardM Steams 20857706 00 For additional information about measurement equipment see the Rohde amp Schwarz website www rohde schwarz com ROHDE amp SCHWARZ ROHDE amp SCHWARZ GmbH amp Co KG M hldorfstraBe 15 D 81671 M nchen Postfach 80 14 69 D 81614 Munchen Tel 089 4129 O Fax 089 4129 13777 Internet http Awww rohde schwarz com This Application Note and the supplied programs may only be used subject to the conditions of use set forth in the download area of the Rohde amp Schwarz website 7BM57 1E 37 Rohde amp Schwarz
26. t 7 IF freguency I WET Q polarization change Additional options Import To import user specific 1 Q modulations into R amp S WinIQSIM the Import selection option in the Systems menu can be used to download l Q data via a TCP IP connection from Rohde amp Schwarz additional applications for R amp S WinlQsIM The following programs are available e R amp S IQWizard for importing I Q data from MATLAB spectrum ana lyzers etc e R amp S NPR generation of noise signals Before a connection can be set up between one of the two applications and R amp S WinIQSIM both the required additional application and the R amp S WinIQSIM must be started TCP IP data transmission cannot take place unless the communications port is set both from the additional applica tion and from R amp S WinlQSIM See the next chapter and the references to the Application Notes it contains for a more detailed explanation of this and other functions When the import setting has been made on R amp S WinlIQSIM two specific configuration blocks are available for configuration 19 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E IV V VI VII Vill R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Configuring the network Import Mode DDE TCP IP TCP IP Parameter a Server Name llocalhost f ci e n TM n R amp S WinlQSIM Port number Time outs Configuring the mport filter Filter type parameter versampli
27. t zzz Number of samples The file that has been created now looks like this TYPE SFU WV 0 CLOCK 1066 SAMPLES 20 IQIQIQIQIQIQIQIQIQI IO 3rd step waveform tag The last step is inserting the waveform tag which encloses the previously mentioned I O data WAVEFORM Length IQIQIQIQIQIQIQIQIQI IG The following entry is for 20 Q pairs 80 bytes The tags which were men tioned previously must be inserted There is also an optional COMMENT tag which can be used to enter any comments the user wants to make TYPE SFU WV 0 COMMENT I O sine cosine 20 points clock 10 MHz CLOCK 10e6 SAMPLES 20 WAVEFORM 81 IQIQIQIQIQIQ IQ 7BM57_1E 15 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 5 R amp S WinIQSIM 7BM57 1E R amp S WinlOSIM M provides the capability for configuring the transmission path from the transmitter to the receiver Due to the range of functions provided it is possible to generate specific types of modulation and then to output them to the R amp S SFU s arbitrary waveform generator The type of modulation is selected in the System menu System menu Data Modulation Impairments Graphics ARE 5g o EE a xi 4 System Bingle Cari 172 Multi Carrier Multi Carrier Mixed Signal 3GPP W CDMA FDD 3GPP W CDMA TDD TD SCDMA 18 95 CDMA2000 1xEV DO EEE 802 11a WLAN EEE 802 11b WLAN EEE 802 11 WLAN
28. ter saving on the instrument Items IV and VIII require R amp S SFU firmware version 1 40 See section 7 of this Application Note for an example illustrating the applica tion With R amp S9WinIQSIM the user of the R amp S9SFU can automatically gener ate waveforms which are output in the endless loop mode in the ARB genera tor 21 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 6 Additional Applications for R amp S WinIQSIM R amp S IGWizard L m A LILLARD S m l ca Ti TP EEAFER 14 Zeig MDO ars a Iu hei AF Fig 19 R amp S IOWizard interface R amp S9IOWizard provides the R amp S SFU user with a wide range of functions for loading Q data in many different formats or for recording l Q data obtained by sampling almost any signal waveform using a spectrum analyzer The data that has been read can then be saved in any file format or sent to R amp SPWinlOSIM via a TCP IP connection For more information see the Rohde amp Schwarz Application Note 1MA28_13E 1 at httpz www rohde schwarz com Importing MATLAB files ASCII files etc The following l Q data types can be imported Eoo WIR E Wank ASI engin doi d ED A Ewi ADS ASID Tia darai na irr ini WE Boy Tila deren nwys br rn ort MCI ASIE wyi Maa ae ADS biran vin gi Py Tig Mis Pitt Lern Fore Kr gl ARCH wie d nd LF hac Fig 20 Importable data types 7BM57 1E 22 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R a
29. to phasors with a specific phase and amplitude The corresponding symbol can be deduced from this data 7 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM DVB T NEASURE CONSTELL OLAGRANM LvL 39 3dBuv 4 SYMBOLS PROCESSED c 2 FAT Fig 3 Constellation diagram Q modulation COFDM QPSK The figure above is a possible constellation diagram The horizontal axis represents the in phase component and the vertical axis the quadrature com ponent 90 phase shift of the I Q modulated carrier Vector modulator The following figure shows how an l Q modulator could be implemented iqmod t data t Data stream to be modulated i t Data stream br in phase compo eee gm e X q t Data stream for quadrature component c t Carrier signal c t iqmod t IG modulated signal Fig 4 I O modulator i t and q t represent the two data streams that are transmitted independ ently of each other They are generated from the original data data t by a mapper In the O branch the oscillator signal c t is phaseshifted by 90 k fore it is fed into the mixer this is not the case in the branch 8 Rohde amp Schwarz R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM 4 R amp S SFU s Arbitrary Waveform Generator 7BM57_1E VQ Digital In Q Analog In 97 ARB generators operate on a different principle to hardware based modulation which involves applying external data signals in realtime to a modulator
30. unction Rect e Pulse length 12 e Oversampling Auto e Baseband pulse Rect Power ramping symbol level 0 100 155 0 157 0 305 100 313 100 469 100 625 100 782 100 938 100 1094 100 WV file generation To transfer the ARB data from R amp S9WinIQSIM to the R amp S SFU the follow ing procedure must be performed on R amp S WinIQSIM during the 1st step 1 ARB selection window After clicking ARB in the main menu the Select Target ARB menu item is used to select the arbitrary waveform generator 26 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM ARB Window Help Select Target ARB ATI Fig 27 ARB menu 2 R amp S SFU K35 selection Go to Target ARB and select the R amp S SFU option SFU K35 Confirm with OK Target ARE SFU K35 v Minimum clack rate 400 0 Hz APA Parameter Maximum clock rate 100 0 MHz Maximum waveform length 67106864 Fig 28 Target ARB Selection 3 ARB transmission window Click the ARB area in the main menu so that the submenu items SFU ARB and then Transmission can be selected ARB Window Help Select Target ARB AMIG SIVIIQ ARB L SMU SMI SMATE ARB I Transmission LAMSOO Signal Statistics and Quantization Preserve ARB Options on Settings Load Graphics Open ARB Options Save ARB Options 200 FT points 2048 ANG Fig 29 ARB
31. veforms is stored as a number of samples in the random access memory RAM A sample is the amplitude of a signal at a particular instant in time Uus Fig 11 Samples stored in RAM The Nyquist Shannon sampling theorem must be used to determine the sampling frequency f This theorem states that the sampling rate ampl d amm must be at least twice the frequency of the maximum frequency com ponent in the signal f dm du 12 Rohde amp Schwarz 7BM57_1E R amp S SFU R amp S WinlQSIM Because of the interpolation filter see section 4 the formula must be modi fied in the following way so that filtering does not cut out important regions of the signal Fi 7 08 The following applies for digital modulation are gt arme oversampling where f S ymp S the symbol rate Oversampling obeys the following inequality mod Ton 5051 where Bq is the modulation bandwidth oversampling 2 Using the sampling rate f that has been obtained the number of sam ampl ples N can be determined as a function of the sequence duration t N t f sampi Interpolation The interpolation filter fsama 100MHz makes it possible to keep the nominal sampling rate low Plus the number of aliasing products should any occur is reduced AN 0 T 1 e 3 2 4 5 6 Uus Fig 12 Interpolation filter Digital analog conversion The D A converter weights the interpol
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