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School Bus Driver PRE- SERVICE COURSE

1. This page intentionally left blank New York State School Bus Driver Pre Service Instructor Guide p 2 Acknowledgements We could not have prepared this curriculum without the ideas enthusiasm and guidance of the following people Marion Edick State Director of Pupil Transportation NYSED SBDI Advisory Committee Jim Brown Robert Brown Jason Burrick Jorge DeJesus Lorraine Misciagno Susan Soudant Faye Stevens Peter Brockmann Betty Hughes Patricia Martell Paul Mori Chuck Paquette Joseph Van Aken Patricia Bailey Lenny Bernstein chair Ted Finlayson Schueler Kathy Furneaux Peter Lawrence Peter Montalvo James Rogan and Maureen Ryan Safety Rules Curriculum Advisory Committee Lance Frieberger Cliff Berchtold Joe Van Aken Paul Mori Mike Dello Ioio Faye Waxman Robin Parks Teena Fitzroy Deanna Adams Peter Lawrence Deb Stevens Greg Jenne and Judy Clarke Moravia CSD School Bus Drivers Attendants and Mechanics Attendees at Syracuse focus group Tyronne Worrell Luther Everson Cindy Raulli Deb Lilley Deb Stevens Tammy Payne Chuck Paquette Barb Biddlecome Terri Kuss Shelly O Riley and Pat Bailey Attendees at Rochester focus group Peter Lawrence Michael Proukou and Kitty Rhow Lee Comeau retired author of the original 1989 Pre Service Course JE amp TFS June 2010 Title School Bus Driver Pre Service Course Instructor Guide Authors Jim Ellis and Ted Finlayson Schueler Copyr
2. Tor F Children under five need to be escorted on and off the bus What type of booster seat 7 may be used on a school bus Tor F Sit unrestrained passengers behind children 5 Where should the harness retaining clip be located If you need to shorten the lap belt slightly to secure a car seat what s the acceptable method T or F On forward facing car seats the upper harness slots should be below the child s shoulders ot ee in safety vests BE Pre Service Course Slide 12 Ra F T One with built in harness F At armpit level Twist it no more than 3 times Do not make a knot in it F 15 OPTIONAL UNIT 12 REVIEW cont 8 Tor F If no one is home at a preschooler s house tell the child to wait on the porch until someone gets home What s a seat belt stalk Tor F In most cases the quickest way to get a child out of the bus in an emergency is to remove the child from the restraint EEA Pre Service Course Slide 12 Rb 8 F 9 The end with the male buckle ending 10 F
3. Be prepared get plenty of rest the night before If it s not your bus be sure seats and mirrors are properly adjusted Explain emergency procedures before leaving Some students may be walkers and not get bus safety drills Rest break in a safe location every two hours do a walk around stretch your legs If you get sleepy take additional breaks safety is more important than schedule Short conversations with passengers can help keep you alert but distracting conversations are against the law Work cooperatively with teachers coaches amp chaperones introduce yourself at the start of the trip Remember driving hours limits In a convoy do not tailgate other buses Every driver should have and understand the directions Having one bus lead others leads to dangerous risk taking behaviors to keep up If you have a mechanical problem on the trip and can t get to a rest area pull off the road to safety activate your 4 ways contact base and put out your reflectors If you are concerned about the possibility of the bus being struck evacuate your passengers to a safer location Optional l nit 8 4 k IMPORTANCE OF PROPER BRAKING TECHNIQUE Improper downhill braking can Use engine brake Lead to overheated brakes Use intermittent Deplete the air in the system braking Full load increases the stress Do conscientious pre trip Slow before cresting the hill Steep Grade Ahe
4. Optional Unit 10 1 STEP 9 Professional Schoal Bus Driver x Pre Trip Inspection 50 BRAKE CHECKS Brake checks are best done at a safe a Se distance from other buses Parking brake it should hold with bus in Drive Service brake at 5 mph bus should stop smoothly and quietly no pulling to side Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 17 Optional Unit 10 1 Professional School Bus CHECKING Driver X Pre Trip Inspection LIFT EQUIPPED BUSES Full operation of the wheelchair lift should be checked before leaving the bus yard Wheelchair tie down straps check inside the bag fire blanket amp seat belt cutter Should also be checked WHEELCHAIR p BELTS INSIDE p Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 18 Optional Unit 10 2 Driver s Daily Vehicle Report PRACTICE LEGAL REQUIREMENTS Practice makes perfect Questions are a sign of a true professional DDVR for every bus every day BUS DRIVER S VEPRE INSPECTION REPCHT Sign before you leave the yard Fill out log mileage Sign at end of day after post trip Find a defect note it on DDVR Counter sign if a mechanic worked on the bus Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 19 amp 2 1 Practice makes perfect Practice the model school bus pre trip with a trainer or an experienced driver until you have it down pat Don t be afraid to ask questions about the pre trip questions are the sign of a true professional By law you must complet
5. Teaching the Pre service Core OVERVIEW OF THE PRE SERVICE CORE The Pre Service Core constitutes the mandatory three hours of instruction required of every New York State school bus driver prior to transporting students The Pre Service Core consists of five units School districts and bus companies that wish to exceed minimum training requirements can utilize any or all of the seven additional Optional Units of the Pre Service Course If all twelve units are taught the Pre Service Course consists of ten hours of instruction Separate lesson guides for the Optional Units are provided in Part Two of this nstructor s Guide The Pre Service Trainee Manual is intended as a supplement to the NYS Department of Motor Vehicles Commercial Driver s License CDL Manual The Pre Service curriculum is geared to trainees who have already obtained their CDLs with Passenger and School Bus endorsements and are thoroughly familiar with the material in the CDL Manual Obviously the three mandated hours of instruction limits the amount of material that can be realistically covered in the core segment of the Pre Service Course Topics sufficiently addressed in the CDL Manual and CDL licensing process are not revisited in the Pre Service Core Vehicle handling and defensive driving for example are covered in depth in the CDL Manual and a trainee s skills in these areas are carefully evaluated through the CDL licensing process Therefore the Pre Ser
6. O D Pre Service Course Slide 5 R Have your drivers work on the review questions at the end of the unit for 5 10 minutes then use these slides to make sure everyone knows the right answers Activate 4 ways and strobe place reflectors move the bus if necessary Unusual sounds smells vibrations gauge readings Bus location and Emergency type F Stay in the bus F Sit and slide w a Le a a a 85 PRE SERVICE OPTIONAL UNIT 6 DRUGS AND ALCOHOL AND SCHOOL BUS SAFETY Pre Service Course Slide 6 W Optional Unit 6 1 a nb ing DEATH BY DRUNK DRIVE e 1 3 of all traffic fatalities m are caused by drunk As drivers e An American is killed by a drunk driver every 30 minutes Site of Carrolton KY e The worst school bus bus tragedy caused by a drunk driver tragedy in American history was caused by a drunk driver Pre Service Course Slide 6 1 1 2 The Carrollton Kentucky crash claimed 27 lives when a drunk driver on the wrong side on an interstate struck a school bus and caught the bus on fire ptional nit 6 1 bliin A UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY School bus drivers have a unique opportunity to influence young people about the serious responsibilities of driving a motor vehicle Pre Service Course Slide 6 1 2 e School bus drivers are awesome role models Optional Unit 6 1 JPN ri j iif li Ji HE RECOGNIZING DRIVERS DRIVING DRUNK Wide turns Straddling lanes a Weaving Dr
7. Pre Service Course Slide 11 3 3 Secure the passenger after WC is secured to the bus floor Lap shoulder belts are required not optional It s usually best to hook up the lap belt first route it as close to the passenger s body as you can low across the hips and snug but not overly tight Next attach the shoulder belt it should run over passenger s outboard collarbone and across chest make sure it s not cutting into passenger s neck Remove hard lap trays if you can Be considerate and sensitive as you hook up belts 11 Optional Unit 11 3 Securement SAFETY CHECK Always check before you leave Explain what you re doing Grasp the chair and try to move Check with student Watch chair during ride Avoid aggressive driving Fragile children near front of the bus TLC driving a fa Pre Service Course Slide 11 3 4 Always check securement before leaving the bus stop Tell the passenger what you re doing first Grasp the chair and see if it will move Double check that everything s hooked up right ask the passenger if everything feels OK Don t be in a hurry a small oversight could result in the chair tipping over and the child being injured Keep an eye on securement during the bus ride too tip over incidents usually occur during the ride not at the bus stop Aggressive driving is dangerous when transporting fragile children Going over a bump too fast could injure a chil
8. You also need to understand your ability If you weigh 100 pounds don t expect to carry a 200 pound child After you have created a plan by yourself or with your bus attendant share it with your trainer or SBDI for feedback Practice the plan or you won t know if it works Know where emergency services are along or near your bus route if you are transporting children with serious medical needs 68 Core Unit 4 5 Sample SPECIAL NEEDS RUN SAMPLE REAR EVACUATION PLAN J eC LT G Cc J Emergenc i Bus A u e amp Date of plan P A N Concerns Dever Allerdant Frontengine fire or front doeris unusable Dever Plax Orva pees 2 rerertoriy bo Teo oe woerkto boca ied eve Tere bo tht ft weir Bee opena beii Tom es tah tall Lorn Geng METAN coat AIRAL AHAA bo nee Be Lary frome wieristam hran br og bo g fire Hm or ececugt wed E take ber ga parce dine Ammim Fan Cut fee from cm ma miiie ber Cet ce ei Soa cat el ther an May et mi ERE Relenie Clima and fa Gene ge Bot Finan trun then amc Geeonge ane them Cihat th 25d ade oot back Adama Gig 8s seseve Miry free wheelchae ower her om ta a Toe UOT o CVC ed ad tair her cat back door E c DET RAT i Pre Service Course Slide 4 5 1 This is a sample emergency plan Review the plan with the drivers especially if they will be transporting children with special needs CORE UNIT 4 REVIEW 1 Which statement is not true a Most children wit
9. Breakdowns ON THE ROAD MECHANICAL PROBLEMS Breakdowns create risk Good pre trip can prevent Check gauges regularly listen for unusual sounds smells or handling Report AT ONCE by radio Pull over to safe area 4 way hazard flashers reflectors etc Pre Service Course Slide 5 2 1 2 Breakdowns expose students to increased risk A good pre trip can prevent a breakdown Check gauges regularly while driving Stay alert for unfamiliar sounds smells or vehicle handling Report any unusual symptoms AT ONCE by radio e When transporting children even a minor incident can quickly become serious e n a severe incident getting help fast could mean the difference between life and death e Contact base or 911 AT ONCE in any type of school bus emergency Pull over to safe area as soon as you suspect a mechanical problem Protect the bus with 4 way hazard flashers etc T1 rE li FES at i nit o IF YOUR BUS IS STUCK TRANSFERING STUDENTS e Try gentle rocking e Notify base at once e Remove students before towing Transferring students e Activate student flashers and 4 ways e Use bystander to help direct students e Never allow students to be in either bus without a driver present Pre Service Course Slide 5 2 3 4 e It can happen even experienced school bus drivers get stuck at times e If gentle rocking can t get you out don t keep trying e Notify base at once e If you must be towed o
10. Pre Service Course Slide 7 3 1 The need for sleep is a powerful human drive A sleepy driver is as impaired as a drunk driver Drowsy drivers cause as many traffic fatalities as drunk drivers Effects of fatigue on driving mimic the effects of alcohol in many ways Driving school bus is too demanding to attempt when less than fully alert At a bus stop an inability to concentrate due to fatigue could result in a tragedy Few adults get enough sleep most school bus drivers get up early Route hypnosis can strike when you re tired amp driving the same route day after day You cannot be forced to work when you believe that your fatigue or illness make you an unsafe driver V amp T 509 k 10 Optional Unit 7 3 to Drive a Bus Safely LEGAL REQUIREMENTS It is against the law to Drive more than 10 hours in one day Be on duty for more than 15 hours in one day Drive your bus without 8 hours of rest You must e Have certificate on file in lieu of log Pre Service Course Slide 7 3 3 It is against the law to Drive school bus more than 10 hours in one day Be on duty responsible for the bus even if it s parked for more than 15 hours in one day Drive school bus if you haven t had at least 8 hours of rest since your last tour of duty You must You must have a certificate on file in lieu of a logbook for drivers who operate within a 100 mile air radius There are intricacies to this
11. What does she enjoy Would you tell me about his friends How can we support her social needs Does he have challenging behaviors How can best support her behavior Does he have communication needs Questions for students What do you want me to know about you What do you like not like about school What do you enjoy doing outside of school Would you like to tell me about your friends How would you like me to assist you What don t you want me to do 65 Core Unit 4 4 Sensitivity HELP CHILDREN BE FRIENDS Point out how children are similar Encourage interaction Don t let students sit alone Provide shared bus jobs Help others understand Get out of the way Pre Service Course Slide 4 4 1c There are many ways that we can help students develop peer relationships on the bus Point out similarities in age parents work favorite sports team house color or anything else you can think of Encourage safe interaction between students and don t let them become isolated You cannot say to a student Mary has Autism but you can say that Sometimes Mary is upset by loud noises or When you sit in a different seat Mary gets nervous and upset about the change You can ask students to let you know if they won t be on the bus the next day so you can help Mary prepare for the change You can assign bus jobs that help students work together For instance you can ask the student with Autism
12. a Staying on schedule b keeping parents happy c protecting the students d keeping peace with the students 2 Complete the following sentence To be treated as a professional you must act like a a buddy to your students b macho man c professional d comedian 3 Which statement about fatigue is not true a It is against the law to drive school bus more than ten hours in a single day b You can legally drive school bus at six a m if you returned from a sports trip at midnight the night before c It is against the law to be on duty for more than fifteen hours in a single day d Trying to drive a school bus when you re tired is a recipe for disaster 4 Which of the following actions are unacceptable for a school bus driver a Hitting the brakes hard so students sit down b Making fun of a student s family or house c Pushing a misbehaving student into his seat d All of the above actions are unacceptable 5 TRUE or FALSE School bus drivers in New York State are subject to random drug and alcohol testing while on duty as well as continuous monitoring of their driving and criminal record both on and off the job 6 Which of the following statements are true a Children don t like an out of control bus any more than adults do b All children deserve a safe bus ride c Positive relationships with students are the key to safe behavior d All of th
13. i j Extremely unpredictable Nappers check carefully Can t gauge traffic safety Bring an activity bag Play games radio sing a Pa Energizing hilarious exasperating Let them be helpers Teach them bus safety they want to learn Restraints keep them in their seats Pre Service Course Slide 12 1 1 2 Preschoolers are Extremely unpredictable Explorers when they get off your bus they will wander off if given a chance Expert nappers on buses check your bus carefully after each run Developmentally incapable of accurately gauging traffic dangers can t cross road on their own Bring an activity bag with picture and coloring books simple handheld electronic games etc Try find it or who do we pick up next games Listen to music with them or sing with them Working with preschoolers can be energizing and hilarious but it can also be exasperating Let them be helpers for simple tasks Teach them bus safety they want to learn Restraints keep them where they belong in their seats Optional Unit 12 1 genene VES TEACH THEM WELL GET THEM READY wy Bi i BR a i a a I m ready for my Kindergarten bus SAFETY CERTIFICATE Graduate Oe aa ih at iat Lak 5 Pre Service Course Slide 12 1 3 If you work with young children day after day you ll be surprised how much they learn about safety over the year Your efforts will be appreciate
14. s not safe to release preschoolers from your bus unless a responsible party is present to receive them anything could happen If no one s home keep the child on board Reassure the child that everything s OK Contact base for guidance Optional Unit 12 4 Evacuation Concerns EVAC UATI ON PLANNING e Bus fires and preschoolers E are very frightening e Buses can burn quickly in some situations e An evacuation plan should be created for An front engine generated fire Acrash generated fire at the rear Pre Service Course Slide 12 4 1 2 The prospect of a fire on a bus with preschoolers in safety restraints is very frightening Buses can burn quickly in some situations An evacuation plan should be created for every pre school run you need to know exactly what to do for the two most common fire scenarios 1 An engine generated fire at the front of the bus or 2 A fire at the rear caused by another vehicle crashing into your bus 10 Optional Unit 12 4 Evacuation Concerns PRESCHOOL EVACUATION QUESTIONS Define driver and attendant roles Children evacuated in or out of the restraints Unbuckle the child or cut the straps BS Order to evacuate children RS Avoid exit bottleneck Ma What exit s will you use Can you find exits in thick smoke Keep children from wandering Pre Service Course Slide 12 4 3 Exactly what will the driver and attendant s role be in each
15. 32 10 CORE UNIT 2 REVIEW cont Which statement about 10 T or F Because they violence on a bus is true don t have to interact a Separate students at with students substitute once if an argument is drivers can usually drive brewing a run more quickly than b Jf older students are the regular driver swinging at each other step between them c Jf you suspect a student has a weapon search the students belongings d Al the above Pre Service Course Slide 2 Rc 33 PRE SERVICE CORE UNIT 3 BUS STOP SAFETY Pre Service Course Slide 3 W 34 Core Unit 3 1 The Moment LESSONS FROM TRAGEDY of Truth BIG THREE 1 Most children killed outside the bus 2 Younger children are most at risk 3 Fatalities twice as likely to occur on the take home run 9 Pre Service Course Slide 3 1 1a An analysis of school bus accidents reveals three important patterns e Most children who have been killed in school bus accidents are killed outside the bus while getting on or off e Younger children are most at risk at bus stops and e Bus stop incidents are twice as likely to occur on the take home run 35 Core Unit 3 1 The Momen LESSONS FROM a TRAGEDY cont Why are children killed outside the bus e Children are impulsive e School bus blind spots e Motorists fail to stop Why are younger children most at risk e Immature unpredictable fearless e Shorter physical stature e Why is
16. Leave a child alone Don t neglect the post trip Pre Service Course Slide 1 1 5 You are legally responsible for the safety and welfare of the children on your bus You are expected to do everything you can to protect a child just as a responsible parent would do in similar circumstances In loco parentis is Latin for in the place of parents Never ignore any situation that might place a child at risk Never change a bus stop on your own leave a child alone who is supposed to be met by an adult or neglect to check your bus carefully for sleeping children YOU are responsible LANGUAGE _ APPEARANCE amp CONDUCT Always be a professional Neat clean appearance Neat clean bus Clean language Report incidents honestly Maintain confidentiality Pre Service Course Slide 1 2 1 3 5 1 3 2 You must conduct yourself in a mature and professional manner at all times To be treated as a professional act like one Even mild cursing is unacceptable in a school setting Your appearance matters clean and appropriate clothing and excellent hygiene are job requirements A dirty bus says I m not a professional Whenever children are involved failing to immediately and honestly report an incident or problem can turn a minor mistake into a major disaster All information about students and their families should be considered strictly confidential and should not be discussed with others except in case of an
17. law to drive a school bus with the crossover mirrors out of adjustment 8 What s the most important purpose of crossover mirrors a To locate a child you know you ve lost track of b To check for children you didnt know you lost track of c To check for cars pulling next to you while driving d fo check your flashers during the pre trip Pre Service Course Slide 3 Rc 5I 9 b 10 c CORE UNIT 3 REVIEW cont What should you do if you have a suggestion for changing a bus stop or improving safety on your route a Make the change on your own b Discuss it with your supervisor c Routes cant be changed during the year d None of the above 10 What s the most important reason students should stay out of the rear seats whenever possible a You cant hear what theyre saying b Takes them longer to get off the bus at their stops c Theyre more exposed to injury if a vehicle strikes the back of your bus d Theres no reason to keep students out of the rear seats Pre Service Course Slide 3 Rd 52 PRE SERVICE CORE UNIT 4 TRANSPORTING STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS Pre Service Course Slide 4 V 53 Core Unit 4 1 Most School Buses YOU WILL BE WORKING WITH Transport Children CHILDREN WITH DISABLITIES with Special Needs e Most children with disabilities ride regular school buses Most school bus drivers transport children with special needs Pre Servic
18. test is performed school year next Pre Service Course Slide 6 Rb T Depressants stimulants narcotics hallucinogens Another test with direct observation Removed from safety sensitive duties Lose license for a year 1t offense loss license for life 2 offense 10 F OMONAUW 14 11 7 12 F OPTIONAL UNIT 6 REVIEW cont 11 Tor F Your supervisor can require you to take a reasonable suspicion drug or alcohol test T or F If my doctor prescribed a medication it s safe for me to take it while driving bus Pre Service Course Slide 6 Rc 15 PRE SERVICE OPTIONAL UNIT 7 PERSONAL SAFETY Pre Service Course Slide 7 W Optional Unit 7 1 Handling the Stress off he Job SCHOOL BUS STRESSORS Student behavior problems Irresponsible motorists Difficult weather conditions Worrying about injuring a child Cliques low morale among co workers Which one stresses YOU out the most Pre Service Course Slide 7 1 1 Optional Unit 7 1 LIFE CAN BE STRESSFUL Handling the Stress of the Job EVEN WHEN YOUR JOB IS GOING WELL e Family problems e Marital tension e Financial worries e Health worries e Loneliness e 22 Bi Pre Service Course Slide 7 1 2 A Optional Unit 7 i i I va T F i Hy m At gq AGREE Focusing on safety and interacting with children is difficult when you re stressed out grumpy or depressed Pre Service C
19. AT THE END OF THE DAY Don t be in hurry Always leave at least half a tank of fuel Let diesels run 3 5 min Walk around check lights tires etc mitt Turn off all controls and switches Close all windows Sweep every day Make sure seat belts are accessible ALWAYS pump air out of air brake Turn in completed DDVR Pre Service Course Slide 10 3 3 Don t be in hurry after dropping off your last student you still have important duties job Always leave your bus ready for the next use at least half a tank of fuel Let diesels run 3 5 min before shutting down Do a walk around check lights tires etc Turn off all controls and switches Close all windows Sweep every day Make sure seat belts are accessible ALWAYS pump air out of air brake buses make sure spring brake cannot be release Turn in completed DDVR 20 ee ee A F T OPTIONAL UNIT 10 REVIEW Tor F The CDL road 5 Which pre trip step test piah is adequate depends on local policy once you begin transporting students 6 pa aie rapido you or F School buses are Ee A a Si complicated machines amp approach your bus machines break down 7 Which gauge should you What are 3 things you can check first when you do to avoid an injury start your engine during a pre trip 8 What are 10 items you What are the 9 basic steps should check during your of a model pre trip walk around inspection E B 7 Pre S
20. At group stops discharge crossers before non crossers Remind children to use the handrail as they go down the steps Count children as they disembark Teach children to check before they step off the bus older students too Children who don t cross should walk quickly away from the bus no checking the mailbox Stay alert if family members or friends are at the stop the child could be distracted Children who must cross should walk far enough in front of the bus to see your face give the universal wait signal until you know it s safe 4 DROPPING OFF STUDENTS cont 20 Universal safe to cross signal 21 Groups cross together 22 Keep one hand on horn universal danger signal 23 Keep focus outside the bus Leaving a stop in the afternoon 1 Count the children 2 Cant find a child Get off bus 3 School most dangerous stop Pre Service Course Slide 3 2 2c At a stop in the afternoon cont Give the universal safe to cross signal when it s safe for children to proceed across the road Groups of children should cross as a unit Keep one hand on horn as children cross ready to sound the universal danger signal if a vehicle is approaching External PA systems can help you train students while they re crossing Keep your attention focused outside the bus Leaving a stop in the afternoon Locate every student who got off your bus before moving forward check your co
21. ENFORCING Best Out of Children SAFETY RULES e Enforce rules fairly amp consistently e Know the why s e 3 safety drills each year e Plan effective drills e Daily reminders e Assigned seats e Pre Service Course Slide 2 1 3 4 Posted rules mean little unless they re consistently amp fairly enforced Set clear realistic behavior expectations and apply them fairly amp consistently Be able to explain the why s behind every rule State law requires 3 safety drills each year Strong student control is essential during drills Students learn best when they are actively involved in the drill Brief daily reminders are probably the most effective way to teach safety rules daily instruction is a law Squabbles about where to sit are one of the most common causes of behavior problems There are many advantages to assigned seats most children feel more secure knowing where they ll sit every day check with your local policy on assigned seats 21 Core Unit 2 1 Seine ie REALISTIC EXPECTATIONS mare MAINTAINING CONTROL Learn to regain control Don t lose yours What s age appropriate Redirect young children s energy Show older students respect Pick your battles Don t hold a grudge Don t add to the negativity some children must live with every day Pre Service Course Slide 2 1 5 All bus drivers have moments when they feel like they re losing control of the students Yo
22. FMCSA New school bus laws are enacted every year Local school districts amp bus companies can have stricter safety requirements than the state or federal government Read your department s policies amp procedures handbook carefully 13 oe YOUR REQUIRED festing amp Monitoring Prior to transporting e 19A BIW Knowledge students Exam DDR annual e Drug test review criminal e CDL tests history e Medical exam amp PPT Basic Course e Pre Service Course p Periodic follow up i ra e Drug alcohol tests ey e Medical exams amp PPTs Q Pre Service Course Slide 1 6 1 2 Prior to transporting students e Drug test e CDL permit road tests e Medical exam e Physical performance test PPT Periodic follow up e Drug alcohol tests e Medical exams amp PPTs e 19A Behind the Wheel road tests e 19A Knowledge tests You will be subject to e Criminal background checks e Driving record checks your own car or bus e 9A Defensive Driving Performance Reviews e 19A Annual Reviews Basic Course 14 PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS OF THE NEW YORK STATE SCHOOL BUS DRIVER Pra n bia dr Pre Service Course Slide 1 7 1 Use these Professional Standards page 19 in the Trainee Manual to review Unit 1 WILL Place student safety first Do what can to protect a child just as a responsible parent would in similar circumstances Exercise sound safety judgment when confronted with an u
23. Pre Service Course Completion Certificate should be provided to each trainee at the completion of the course A copy of the certificate should be maintained in each trainee s permanent training file A blank certificate is provided as a separate file Instructors should make it clear that it is the trainee s responsibility to maintain possession of the certificate after class Should the trainee one day take a job driving school bus in another area possession of the Pre Service Certificate may prevent the trainee from having to take the course again although there is no required reciprocity for pre service courses 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 12 PART TWO Teaching the Optional Units OVERVIEW OF THE PRE SERVICE OPTIONAL UNITS The seven additional optional units which require approximately one hour of instructional time each allow the local school district or bus company to tailor pre service training to local needs The second part of this nstructor s Guide contains instructional plans for the seven optional units Because the optional units incorporate more hands on interactive instruction a separate instructor s guide is provided for each 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 14 TEACHING OPTIONAL UNIT 6 DRUGS AND ALCOHOL AND SCHOOL BUS SAFETY 1 hour federal requirement for new school bus drivers Unit 6 Competencies 1 Trainees will understand the prohibitions against drivin
24. Pre Service Course Slide 11 2 1 2 Children using wheelchairs ride lift equipped buses lifts raise and lower children in their wheelchairs into and out of the bus Pull to the right side of the road or off the road completely into a loop driveway or parking area in front of the child s house if possible Stop your bus so the lift is positioned over a safe level area a paved surface is best Lifts must be treated with respect they are complicated pieces of machinery Children attendants and bus drivers have been hurt riding on and operating wheelchair lifts Wheelchair lifts operate in two stages e Folding unfolding the platform from its stowed position in the bus and e Raising lowering the platform between ground and bus floor level Both functions are driven by powerful hydraulic or electrical machinery an inattentive operator could easily be hurt e A hand could be caught in the lifting or folding mechanism and be pinched or severed e A foot could be crushed by the lift platform as it comes down or e Long hair or dangling drawstrings could get tangled in lift mechanisms eS aa LIFT FEATURES VARY Student flashers must be used Master switch Parking brake interlock Engine is running Passenger belts Newer proximity shut offs Open amp secure lift door WC faces outward on lift close to bus WC brakes must be set Pre Service Course Slide 11 2 3 Student flashers must be used There no ex
25. Wheelchairs walkers crutches etc e Transporting children in mobility devices requires the highest degree of caution and attention to detail Deafness e A hearing loss so severe the child has difficulty processing linguistic information through hearing even with a hearing aid Hearing impairment e A less severe or intermittent hearing loss that still hurts a child s school performance e Most deaf and hearing impaired children ride the regular school bus e Many can communicate both with hearing and non hearing individuals Visual impairment including blindness e Avision problem so severe that even with glasses the child s educational performance is adversely impacted e Children may be partially sighted or completely blind e Many visually impaired children ride the regular school bus e Emergency planning should take into account how to guide a blind child off the bus during an evacuation Deaf blind children e Both hearing amp visual impairments creating substantial communication barriers e May require specialized programs beyond those offered to deaf or blind students e Careful emergency planning is essential Other health impairments e Category covers a wide variety of chronic and or acute health problems such as heart conditions TB sickle cell anemia asthma hemophilia epilepsy amp diabetes e Medically fragile children have potentially life threatening health problems amp may require med
26. accessible ALWAYS pump air out of air brake Turn in completed DDVR 23 PRE SERVICE OPTIONAL UNIT 11 TRANSPORTING STUDENTS USING WHEELCHAIRS Pre Service Course Slide 11 W e a ts pk WHEELCHAIRS Not long ago most wheelchairs were hospital type chairs Lightweight folding frame Removable foot pegs arm rests Fabric seat no passenger belt Not for transportation Difficult to secure Now often in poor condition Pre Service Course Slide 11 1 1 Not long ago most wheelchairs were hospital type chairs Large rear smaller front wheels lightweight tubular folding frame removable foot pegs arm rests fabric seat and no passenger belt These chairs were not designed to be securely affixed to a motor vehicle traveling at highway speeds Finding suitable securement points is difficult Many of these chairs are still in use often as loaners and may be in poor condition Optional Unit 11 1 TRANSIT WHEELCHAIRS Types of Mobility Device e Much stronger than traditional chairs e Designed for transportation they meet national crash standards WC 19 e Securement points are clearly designated by manufacturer e D rings are usually provided for attaching securement straps Bi Pre Service Course Slide 11 1 2 Transit chairs have been tested to rigorous WC 19 a rigorous standard Some of the smaller transit chairs might just look like folding strollers but their de
27. afternoon more dangerous e Pre Service Course Slide 3 1 10 Why are most children killed outside the bus e Children are naturally impulsive e All school buses have blind spots where children can be hidden from the driver s direct view this is why the most common school bus fatality is a by own bus incident e Other motorists often fail to stop for a stopped school bus and may strike a child this is the second most common type of school bus fatality Why are younger children most at risk at bus stops e Immature unpredictable fearless e Shorter physical stature easier to lose in a blind spot 36 LESSONS FROM TRAGEDY cont Why is the take home run twice as dangerous e Children eager to get home Carrying loose items Driver fatigued New York State s Record Steadily improved since the 70 s Incredible safety record NYS school buses are safest in the nation Pre Service Course Slide 3 1 1c Why is the take home run twice as dangerous as a take in run After being pent up in school all day children are usually more energetic in the afternoon They may be carrying items home that could be dropped near the bus Bus drivers may be fatigued and potentially less alert after a long day As a school bus driver you need to Know what situations place children at greatest risk New York State s Record The safety record of our state s school buses has steadily improved si
28. and another child to help check the bus to make sure no one left anything behind on the bus each day 66 PJ S LAW In 2005 P3 was veroaly NOT abused by a bus driver and attendant BUS KID 8 P New requirement for annual sensitivity training P as Sensitivity is not treating i children as though they re helpless All children desire independence not pity Pre Service Course Slide 4 4 2 In 2005 a child with autism PJ was viciously belittled by a bus driver and attendant The incident was so disturbing that a new law was enacted requiring annual sensitivity training for all New York State school bus drivers and attendants Being sensitive does not mean treating children with disabilities as though they re helpless Like all children children with disabilities have a natural desire for independence 67 EMERGENCY CONCERNS Bus and student specific evacuation plan Plan for front and rear Understand students ability Understand your ability Share your plan with trainer Practice the plan Emergency services on route Pre Service Course Slide 4 5 1 2 Evacuating special needs passengers provides challenges because their physical or mental emotional disabilities may make evacuation difficult You musty make a written plan for both front and rear evacuations In order to plan for a student s evacuation you must their abilities and any medical or mobility equipment that they use
29. blurred vision aches nausea and other unexpected reactions can be side effects of over the counter or prescribed medicines and any of these in combination can create totally unexpected effects Ask your doctor or pharmacist about possible reactions to your drugs in combination Clear any new medications though the school doctor before taking them and driving children ae Lao PROTECT YOURSELF Personal wareness PROTECT the CHILDREN You are a bus driver 24 7 e Personal DWAI DWI Disqualified It doesn t matter Report co workers Protect children Alfred NY Wild drunken ride i a caught on tape Bus driver has been Coo rdination vision sentenced to 90 days in jail for attention fatigue sl urred being drunk behind thew heel J during the harrowing trip that was speech red eyes lyi ng captured on the vehicle s surveillance video Pre Service Course Slide 6 2 2 3 The situation noted with the photo is a very scary story about a bus driver drunk on the job As professional drivers you need to report anything that could put children at risk even a colleague Optional Unit 6 3 ee ee New York Laws and Drivers shall not drink any liquid that might impair the safe operation NYS SED Nor shall any person be permitted to drive when under the influence of any liquor or drug NYS DOT No person shall consume a drug or intoxicating liquor or be under its ee q7 influence within six hours NY
30. car and Type A bus parked near the classroom In class the instructor should review the slides with the trainees using the bullet points summarized on the slides to explain key content and spark discussion and questions from trainees After reviewing slides with trainees instructor should bring the class outside to inspect the sample small school vehicles parked nearby The instructor should point out the features covered earlier in the classroom on each vehicle giving trainees a chance to personally observe and if time allows drive each type of vehicle After returning to the classroom instructor should conclude class by going over the review questions orally correcting any misconceptions and clarifying any confusions before class is finished 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 18 TEACHING OPTIONAL UNIT 10 SCHOOL BUS PRE TRIP AND POST TRIP INSPECTIONS 1 hour Unit 10 Competencies l 2 3 Trainees will know how to conduct a professional school bus pre trip Trainees will know how to fill out a Driver s Daily Vehicle Report Trainees will know how to conduct a post trip inspection Unit 10 Instructional Strategy l Trainees will likely have learned the CDL Pre trip to obtain their license This unit will teach them the proper New York State Education Department school bus pre trip inspection Trainees may be provided with a printed copy of Unit 10 of the Pre Service Trainee Man
31. closer eye on them Never place restraints in a row next to an emergency exit Never let an unrestrained passenger including a bus attendant ride in the row behind a child in a safety vest or booster seat Read the instructions They should be included with the restraint Attach restraint to the bus seat first Route lap belt through the back of the car seat per manufacturer s instructions Kneel on the car seat when tightening the lap belt If seat belt stalk is too long to get the car seat tight you may twist it up to 3 times but don t tie a knot in it ee a SECURING Forward facing Upper straps in reinforced slots at or above shoulders Rear facing in slots at or below shoulders Retaining clip at armpit level K Straps snug Pinch Test Touch briefly and sensitively Clean with mild detergent Check retirement date e Discard from serious accident _ Discard with cracks or visible damage Ba Pre Service Course Slide 12 2 4 6 When you re confident the restraint is tight enough in the bus seat you should not be able to move it secure the child in it using the 5 point harness A forward facing seat should not move A rear facing seat may be able to move towards the back of the car but not side to side or towards the front of the bus Upper harness should utilize the set of slots at or above the child s shoulders and in reinforced slots forward facing and should be at or below the shoulders in a
32. conversation with passengers Defensive driving is MORE important in small school vehicles they lack many safety features of full sized school buses Optiona nit 9 1 B SEATING e A ER CONCERNS IN VANS amp CARS IN A SCHOOL VAN OR CAR e Students 12 and under cannot sit in the front seat Seat belts or child restraints must be worn by all student passengers Children under 8 years old must ride in an approved treere moas man eee child safety restraint a seat ee belt is not enough Pre Service Course Slide 9 1 4 Children over 4 years old are exempt from seat belt use in school buses as defined on prior slide However because small school vehicles do not have school bus seats that are designed to be effective with or without seat belts all vehicles without school bus seats should be used as designed that is with seat belts for those over seven years old car seats for those under eight and no one under 12 in the front seat Optional Unit 9 1 EVACUATION CONCERNS No true emergency exits Automatic door locks Rear cargo door can t be opened from the inside Child safety locks It s difficult getting to children in the back seats Pre Service Course Slide 9 1 5 School vans and cars lack true emergency exits Automatic door locks activate at low speed someone outside can t get in Rear cargo door on many vans can t be opened from the inside Children in back seats may not be able to unlock their doors
33. emergency FLEXIBILITY and RELIABILITY Ready for change Cooperative problem solving Dependable on time a must Regular driver is CHAOS FIELD ESTIMATED STRENGTH 47 Kr the safest driver cine weiner sain AND REPORT ABNORMALITIES Sense of humor IN YOUR LIFE AFTER EXPOSURE Pre Service Course Slide 1 2 2 4 A school bus garage is a whirlwind of constant change Flexibility is a job requirement for school bus drivers Cooperation and problem solving are the heart and soul of any well run bus garage Showing up late for work creates serious safety problems Excellent attendance is important missing work for frivolous reasons is not the way of a professional school bus driver A sense of humor helps PHYSICALLY READY ADEQUATELY RESTED e Report all conditions to examiner PPT don t rush Hours of labor 8 hours rest 10 hours driving 15 hours on duty CO Pre Service Course Slide 1 3 1 5 You must pass a physical exam before transporting students Be honest about any previous or current medical problems You must also pass a physical performance test take care to avoid an injury during this test Driving a school bus while you re fatigued is a recipe for disaster Hours of Labor e By law you need at least 8 hours rest before returning to duty the next day e Itis against the law to drive a bus more than 10 hours a day e tis against the law to be on duty for more than 15 h
34. file a complaint 49 CFR Section 31105 16 OPTIONAL UNIT 7 REVIEW T or F One way to handle school bus stress is to get to know other successful drivers 2 T or F Few accidents occur in bus yards T F Stay alert at all times Drive slowly at all times Stay visible in low light Safe footwear Alert others before backing Secure your bus whenever you park it Don t stop your bus behind other buses T F J 4 List 5 key bus yard safety procedures T or F The effects of fatigue on driving mimic the effects of alcohol T or F If you return from a trip at 11 p m you can legally drive at 6 a m the next day Pre Service Course Slide 7 Ra 17 OPTIONAL UNIT 7 REVIEW cont 6 Which statement s below are true a 70 prevent the spread of disease leave the drivers window open so fresh air replaces air filled with germs b Sick children seldom ride buses c Frequent hand washing is the best way to protect yourself from disease d Ai statements are true What does universal precautions mean Which statement s below are true a It s OK to take your break in the mechanics work area b 7here s 2 risk of fire or explosion at the fuel station turn off cell phones c Aeroso Cleaners are permitted on buses d A statements are true A fa z Pre Service Course Slide 7 Rb 6 c 7 Assume everything everyone is infected and protect
35. good e Little rewards are BIG e NO food Q Pre Service Course Slide 2 1 1 A smile can make a huge difference to a child even a teen Get to know your students Greet students as they board for the p m run Make your safety expectations clear from the first day All children deserve a safe and secure bus ride build their trust by showing them you take safety seriously Catch them being good praise is an effective way to guide behavior Successful school bus drivers are always looking for little ways to reinforce safe behavior stickers notes positive calls to parents etc can all be effective However don t give children food treats as rewards without school approval many children have serious food allergies 19 Core Unit 2 1 ACTIONS SPEAK LOUDER Children watch you as a role model Create climate of mutual respect Little things Please amp Thank you Our bus not My bus Honesty Pre Service Course Slide 2 1 2 Children watch adults closely Being a role model isn t easy it requires maturity and self control Create a climate of mutual respect on your bus model a courteous attitude towards others Little things like your consistent use of please amp thank you can make a big difference It s our bus not my bus Children don t expect adults to be perfect but they do expect honesty 20 Core Unit 2 1 E TEACHING amp
36. houses e Many motorists don t stop for school buses Pre Service Course Slide 8 1 1b Optional Unit 8 1 Urhan Suburban amp SOM E SU BU RBAN Rural Driving Challenges CHALLENGES Commuter congestion during a m routes Shopping centers malls Red light runners Wide shoulders at bus stops e Cul de sacs Pre Service Course Slide 8 1 2 Optional Unit 8 1 Urban Suburban amp Rural Driving Challenges RURAL CHALLENGES Dangerous rural intersections Turnarounds Winding roads hills Dirt roads roads in poor condition Narrow roads soft shoulders deep ditches Slow farm vehicles Snow plows Pre Service Course Slide 8 1 34 Optional Unit 8 1 a URAL CHALLENGES cont Low traffic volume Large group stops at complacency trailer parks e Center village traffic Distance from emergency services Out of radio range Isolated house stops Catch the bus on the way back Pre Service Course Slide 8 1 3b Low traffic volume leads to complacency by motorists and student passengers Distance from emergency services A child having an allergic reaction is a major concern when medical help won t arrive for 45 minutes Out of radio range no cell service in remote areas Isolated house stops children not out as bus arrives On loop routes unnecessary crossing of dangerous roads to sleep later Large group stops at trailer parks can be a challenge Parents siblings a
37. if the child safety lock is active It s difficult getting to children in the back seats to deal with fights medical emergencies etc Optional nit 9 1 TYPE A SCHOOL BUSES Smaller but same safety features as a full sized bus Multi Function School Activity Bus MFSAB iad seat may be lower eee tnan passenger seats mm Left side driver door ra gt A could be emergency exit i A Pre Service Course Slide 9 3 1 A MFSAB is a vehicle that meets all the school bus requirements except color and systems to protect the loading process No stop arms student loading lights crossing gates or school bus color Just like school bus cars these cannot be used for picking up and dropping off on the road Some districts might use them for field sport or activity trips Optional Unit 9 1 TYPE A BUSES cont Switches controls may be located in unusual places Fewer emergency exits than full sized buses Many Type A buses have worse blind spots than full sized school buses rocking and rolling is extremely important Pre Service Course Slide 9 3 2 Optional Unit 9 1 KNOW YOUR FLEET Talk to your trainer What types of small school vehicles are in your fleet Do they have any special features you should know about Pre Service Course Slide 9 3 3 aa ae ae TT OPTIONAL UNIT 9 REVIEW Which procedure s reduce the chance of being struck in the rear whe
38. next to yours as you do your pre trip stand back if they re leaving their parking space Watch sharp edges on the stop arm don t bump your head on it Don t fall out the emergency door Be careful if required to check under the hood don t let hood slam down on you Optional Unit 10 1 Profesional Schol Bis MODEL SCHOOL E BUS PRE TRIP A model pre trip consists of 9 basie steps Re enter bus check Approach the bus emergency equipment visual check re set lights Under the hood if Exit bus curbside light required check Enter bus check Re enter bus static controls start bus set brake check lights Check interior items Exit bus walk around 50 brake checks eat fa Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 6 The following slides walk through the 9 step process of the New York Education Department Pre trip You can teach it in the classroom and then go outside or if you only have a few drivers you can just all take your trainee manuals outside and walk through it with them Optional Unit 10 1 Professional School Bus STEP 1 Driver 5 Pre Trip Inspection APPROACH THE BUS VISUAL CHECK Check for Body damage bus leaning Static leaks puddles Hanging wires exhaust etc Unusual items under or around the bus Unplug bus winter Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 7 Optional Unit 10 1 Driver Pre Trtp Inspection UNDER THE HOOD IF REQUIRED Check Belts hoses
39. not a typical characteristic of children with emotional disturbance Behaves normally in normal circumstances Trouble maintaining friendships with peers Pervasive unhappiness or depression Physical symptoms due to personal problems 26 TRUE or FALSE Unnecessarily revealing personal information about students or their families is a violation of state and federal law 27 Which statement s below are true ao oF amp a A thoughtless comment about a child can leave a lasting scar b Sensitivity towards children with disabilities begins with an examination of how we speak c Our society has a long history of savage verbal abuse aimed at the handicapped d All the above statements are true 28 TRUE or FALSE School buses cannot catch fire 29 TRUE or FALSE Always evacuate students in a school bus emergency 30 What s the safest way to go out a rear emergency door a Sit and slide b Jump directly to the ground c Jump into someone s arms d Never go out a rear emergency door WELCOME to the NEW YORK STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SCHOOL BUS DRIVER PRE SERVICE COURSE Pre Service Course Slide Intro 1 Slide Numbering and design Slides correspond closely with the material in the Manual following the same sequence and utilizing the same numbering system See sample slide below For instance Core Unit 2 2 is Handling Persistent Behavior Problems in bo
40. patterns fueling procedures etc 4 Instructor should bring a body spill clean up kit to class and review its contents with trainees Extra plastic gloves should be provided so each trainee can learn how to put on and take off gloves 5 Instructor should bring a binder of MSDS from a local operation and let trainees review them 6 Instructor should conclude class by going over the review questions orally correcting any misconceptions and clarifying any confusions before class is finished 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 16 TEACHING OPTIONAL UNIT 8 DRIVING SAFELY IN YOUR LOCAL DRIVING ENVIRONMENT 1 hour Unit 8 Competencies l Trainees will understand the key hazards they are most likely to face locally while driving school bus Unit 8 Instructional Strategy l Trainees may be provided with a printed copy of Unit 8 of the Pre Service Trainee Manual before class They can review read the unit and answer the review questions at the end of the unit in writing before class They can then bring their copy and the completed review questions to class Before class the instructor should determine the specific hazards that are most likely to be encountered by trainees as they drive school bus locally Instructor should select those slides for discussion during class In class the instructor should review the relevant slides with the trainees using the bullet points summarized on the slides to explai
41. rear facing seat The harness retaining clip should be at the child s armpit level Use Harness straps should be snug but not uncomfortably tight and not twisted You should not be able to pinch part of the strap into your fingers The photo on the slide shows a belt that is too looses because the harness can be pinched You must touch the child to secure the harness straps but be as brief and sensitive as you can Wipe them down regularly with a non allergenic wipe or a mild detergent and water Fabric back may come off the shell and may be washable read the instructions CSRS come with a mandatory retirement date it may be on a sticker on the restraint itself Restraints with cracks or any other visible damage or any restraint that was on board a bus that s been in a significant crash should be replaced Loading amp Unloading Pre BUS STOP and wee CUSTODY CONCERNS Preschoolers are hard to see They are naturally impulsive Have a hard time with bus steps Release to approved adult If no one s home keep the child on board Reassure the child that everything s OK Contact base for guidance Bi Pre Service Course Slide 12 3 1 2 Preschoolers are short and hard to spot near your bus They are naturally impulsive expect the unexpected at a pre school bus stop Preschoolers have a hard time getting up and down bus steps teach them to use the handrail and insist they do every day It
42. scenario Is it quicker to take the child out of the restraint or the restraint out of the bus Carrying young children out in their carseats makes it easier to keep them together after the evacuation Is it quicker to unbuckle the child from the seat or cut the straps Is it quicker to unbuckle the seat or to cut the seat belts What sequence will you evacuate children in each scenario What exit s will you use for each scenario Can you find every exit in thick smoke How will you avoid a bottleneck at an exit How will you keep children from wandering off once they re outside 11 Evacuation Concerns USE A BUDDY SYSTEM Teach young children to look out for each other Teach them to use a buddy system or safety chain Practice it at school in am Use the fire blanket as a reference point Use bystanders Pre Service Course Slide 12 4 4 Teach young children to look out for each other Teach preschoolers to use a buddy system or make a safety chain by holding hands as they exit the bus in an emergency You can practice it every morning when they get off the bus at school Place the fire blanket on the ground as a reference point showing where they should go after they leave the bus Accept the help of bystanders to carry or lead children to safety as you work to evacuate them 12 Optional Unit 12 4 Leaching l ONCE FLS EVACUATION PLANNING PRE SCHOOL RUN P RACT C E N e ee Draw s
43. stops is one of your supervisor s most important responsibilities e While driving your route you are the eyes and ears of the school district you may have a suggestion to improve the safety of a bus stop or the route Factors typically considered by supervisors in determining where to place a bus stop e Visibility the more the better e Intersections avoiding stops at corners whenever possible e Adequate waiting area for students e Eliminating crossovers when reasonably possible and the e Age and characteristics of the child 45 UNAUTHORIZED ROUTE amp STOP CHANGES Never change a bus stop or route Changes can confuse substitute drivers Creates personal liability Share ideas for change Let dispatch know if you have to go off route Pre Service Course Slide 3 4 2 Never change a bus stop or route on your own Unauthorized changes can confuse substitute drivers and are potentially dangerous to children If a child is hurt because of an unauthorized route change the driver who made the change could be personally liable If you have a suggestion for improving a route discuss it with your supervisor If you have to re route temporarily because of a road closing etc let base know by radio 46 Core Unit 3 4 Route Safety TURNAROUNDS CUL DE SACS Must be approved LRA When backing ape A honk before you start back slowly use a spotter Watch for hazards Don t use unpl
44. stuttering or other language or voice impairment e Children with speech impairments are frequent targets of bullying Mental retardation e Generally sub average intellectual functioning e May exist along with other developmental delays e Children with mental retardation may be highly affectionate Traumatic brain injury e Result of a blow to the head or certain medical conditions such as stroke encephalitis aneurysm or brain tumor e Impaired language thinking memory or judgment are typical psychosocial behavior can be affected e Children with traumatic brain injury can be highly unpredictable 61 Core Unit 4 2 hilaren Wih Special EMOTIONAL DISABILTY eee eS MULTIPLE DISABILITIES 12 Emotional disturbance Displays inappropriate behaviors or has inappropriate feelings Consistent self control on the part of the bus driver is a necessity 13 Multiple disability 2 or more simultaneous impairments Pre Service Course Slide 4 2 5 6 Emotional disturbance e A significant inability to learn not explained by a lack of intelligence sensory disabilities or illness e Displays inappropriate behaviors or has inappropriate feelings in otherwise normal circumstances e Trouble establishing or maintaining relationships with peers or adults e Pervasive depression is typical e Physical symptoms due to personal social problems e Schizophrenia is a form of emotional disturbance e M
45. yourself 8 b OPTIONAL UNIT 7 REVIEW cont 9 What does a 11 T or F Your Blue 3 rating employer could in the Hazard penalize you for Diamond mean reporting a safety 10 What does a concern Red 3 rating in 12 T or F It s in no the Hazard one s interest to Diamond mean transport children in a bus with a significant safety problem Pre Service Course Slide 7 Re 9 Blue is health hazard 3 is pretty serious 3 out of 4 10 Red is flammability hazard 3 is pretty serious 11 F 12 F 19 PRE SERVICE OPTIONAL UNIT 8 DRIVING BUS SAFELY IN YOUR LOCAL ENVIRONMENT Pre Service Course Slide amp WV This Optional Unit goes into detail on many topics You know your local traffic environment If time is at a premium choose to emphasize the topics that are must relevant to your local setting Driving challenges were not discussed in the core units This unit builds on the driving information in the CDL manual Optional Unit 8 1 eine ince SOME URBAN CHALLENGES Intense traffic CN EY Disdain for traffic laws Constricted roadways Aggressive taxi bus drivers Bike messengers Delivery trucks double parked vehicles Distracted pedestrians International visitors Pre Service Course Slide 8 1 18 Optional Unit 8 1 Urban Suburban amp UNIQUE FEATURES Rural Driving Challenges OF U RB AN BUS STOPS Large apartment complexes Multilane one way streets e Gangs drug
46. 0 brake test should be conducted at 20 mph T or F The 50 brake test should be conducted at a safe distance from other parked buses How many times must you sign a DDVR each day When must mechanics sign the DDVR Pre Service Course Slide 10 Rb Fire extinguisher Seat Belt Cutter First Aid Kit Emergency Triangles 10 Air is fully charged wigwag is set engine is off with key in accessory position 11 12 13 14 15 Interior of Bus 1 2 3 4 5 F T Seats no damage cushions secured Seatbelts accessible Jump seat operating Check Emergency exits fully open every one buzzer label light Rear 4 ways amp flashers from rear emergency door Each bus you drive each day When they have had to correct a defect that you identified 22 16 d OPTIONAL UNIT 10 REVIEW cont 16 What are the possible 17 After checking for consequences for failing children what are 3 other to check for children duties at the end of the a Disciplinary action or day firing of driver b Criminal charges against driver c Child could be hurt or killed d All of the above Pre Service Course Slide 10 Rc 17 End of day duties See eae SS Don t be in hurry Always leave at least half a tank of fuel Let diesels run 3 5 min Walk around check lights tires etc Turn off all controls and switches Close all windows Sweep every day Make sure seat belts are
47. 35 pounds or more Children should ride rear facing as long as possible Forward facing restraints children more than 1 year old and weighing more than 20 pounds may ride facing forward in a car seat or other type of restraint car seats usually attach to the bus seat with the bus lap belt Seats can also be attached with LATCH Lower Anchors And Tethers for CHildren attachments that are in the front rows of seat in some buses Optional Unit 12 2 Siena Sohal Diaa TYPES OF RESTRAINTS cont Integrated safety seats Pre Service Course Slide 12 2 25 Integrated safety seats harnesses built in to the school bus seat so it can be used for preschool or older students Safety vests available for children of all ages not just preschoolers usually attach to the bus seat with a cam wrap that goes around the seat back Booster seats with built in harness only booster seats with a built in harness can be used on a school bus usually attached to the bus seat with belts that wrap around the seat back ee PLACEMENT OF Keep children toward the front Never place in emergency exit row No unrestrained passenger behind safety vest or booster seats Read the instructions Route lap belt per manufacturer s instructions Kneel on seat when tightening Twist it up to 3 times No knots Pre Service Course Slide 12 2 3 Keep children in restraints toward the front of the bus whenever possible you can keep a
48. Emotional maturity and the ability to control your temper when working with challenging children are job requirements for school bus drivers NEVER Slap strike push or grab a child Threaten curse at belittle or scream at a child Jack the brakes to get students attention Put a misbehaving child off the bus along the route 11 Core Unit 1 4 Your Responsibility to Model Mature TOLERANCE Behavior e Children from every race culture and class e Protect respect engage care for all e Be a role model Pre Service Course Slide 1 4 2 As a school bus driver you will serve families from every corner of our community You will transport children and interact with adults from a wide variety of backgrounds Tolerance for people s differences is a job requirement Set an example to your students by showing respect and compassion to everyone you deal with 12 Core Unit 1 5 nowiedge ots STATE amp FEDERAL LAWS _ LOCAL POLICY NYSED NYDMV NYDOT FMCSA Responsible to know Stay current Local requirements may be higher e Know your policies and procedures Coe Pre Service Course Slide 1 5 1 2 It is your responsibility to know and abide by all school bus laws amp regulations Both state amp federal agencies have jurisdiction over school buses Primary NYS Agencies are SED DMV and DOT Primary federal agency is the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
49. ICKING UP STUDENTS cont 11 Remind children to use handrail 12 Greet students but stay focused outside the bus Leaving a stop in the morning Scan for pedestrians and warnings Release parking brake Close door Check mirrors crossovers last Leave slowly alert for child running to bus Check students on board only when you re safely away from the stop Pre Service Course Slide 3 2 1b At the stop in the morning continued Open door all the way for students Groups of students should board together not as stragglers one at a time Remind children to use handrail as they come up steps Briefly greet students but keep your primary attention focused outside while at the stop Leave red flashers activated until all students are seated Leaving a stop in the morning Carefully scan the surrounding area make sure no one s trying to get your attention Apply service brake release parking brake Close the door Carefully check driving and crossover mirrors always check crossover mirrors last Leave the stop slowly at dead idle speed stay alert for a late child trying to catch the bus Check on students on board only when you re safely away from the stop 39 DROPPING OFF STUDENTS Keep children seated 9 No student Check for vehicles headphones Check your master switch talking texting Scan stop area 10 Loose items Slow down Secure your bus Activate your red flashers Keep foot on
50. IT 3 REVIEW 1 Why is the bus stop the 2 Statistically when are moment of truth children most at risk a Three of every four a Getting on a bus in student fatalities occur at the morning the bus stop b Getting off a bus in b Children are naturally the afternoon impulsive amp unpredictable c Riding on a bus ina c A school buses have residential neighborhood blind spots d Riding on a bus on d Ail the above the highway Pre Service Course Slide 3 Ra Have your drivers work on the review questions at the end of the unit for 5 10 minutes then use these slides to make sure everyone knows the right answers 1 d 2 b oa ond 3 4 CORE UNIT 3 REVIEW cont T or F Slow down well before you get to a bus stop last second braking with children nearby is a recipe for disaster T or F Secure your bus at every bus stop What s the universal danger signal and what does it mean a Flash lights child should freeze in the roadway b Honk child should freeze in the roadway c Wave hands amp yell child should run d Honk child should go back to side of road he she started from Pre Service Course Slide 3 Rb 50 po oS oa Tn 6 Tor F To save time at 7 CORE UNIT 3 REVIEW cont the bus stop children should get out of their seats and move to the front of the bus as you approach their stop T or F It s against the
51. LSE School buses cannot catch fire 29 TRUE or FALSE Always evacuate students in a school bus emergency 30 What s the safest way to go out a rear emergency door a Sit and slide b Jump directly to the ground c Jump into someone s arms d Never go out a rear emergency door FINAL EXAM SCORE correct out of 30 New York State Education Department SCHOOL BUS DRIVER PRE SERVICE COURSE FINAL EXAM ANSWER KEY Instructions Circle the best answer to each question Use a pen Complete both sides Turn the completed test in to your Pre Service Course instructor K ok ok 1 Complete the following sentence Your main priority as a school bus driver is Staying on schedule keeping parents happy a b c protecting the students d kKeeping peace with the students 2 Complete the following sentence To be treated as a professional you must act like a a buddy to your students b macho man c professional d comedian 3 Which statement about fatigue is not true a It is against the law to drive school bus more than ten hours in a single day b You can legally drive school bus at six a m if you returned from a sports trip at midnight the night before c It is against the law to be on duty for more than fifteen hours in a single day d Trying to drive a school bus when you re tired is a recipe for disa
52. ONAL UNIT 8 REVIEW Tor F At highway speeds it s safest to swerve your bus to miss a deer in the road What should you do if instead of getting on at the assigned stop a child crosses a dangerous road to board your bus a few minutes later F 3 What s the legal maximum speed for NYS school buses with students on board T or F Distracting conversations with passengers are against the law T or F If the sun isn t in your eyes you don t need to worry about glare Pre Service Course Slide amp Ra Explain to the child that their bus stop is on a certain side of the road and that s where they must be ready to board the bus If it happens a second time write it up as a safety violation 55 mph T F 22 9 10 11 12 OPTIONAL UNIT 8 REVIEW cont Complete the sentence When you turn on the 4 way flashers approaching a RRX turn off the F What does brake cover mean What does rock before you roll mean T or F Before backing into a turnaround pick a distinctive object to use as a reference point Master Switch 10 T or F Black ice is easy to spot 11 T or F Large commercial vehicles are less prone to hydroplaning than small cars What s an early sign that rainfall is turning into freezing rain Pre Service Course Slide amp Rb Having your foot above the brake when you might need to stop such as when pas
53. OPTIONAL UNIT 11 TRANSPORTING STUDENTS USING WHEELCHAIRS 1 hour larger class sizes may take more time Unit 11 Competencies l 2 3 Trainees will know how to safely operate a wheelchair lift Trainees will know how to properly secure a wheelchair and its passenger in a bus Trainees will know how to create a realistic evacuation plan for a special needs bus run Unit 11 Instructional Strategy I Trainees may be provided with a printed copy of Unit 11 of the Pre Service Trainee Manual before class They can review read the unit and answer the review questions at the end of the unit in writing before class They can then bring their copy and the completed review questions to class Before class the instructor should arrange to have a representative lift equipped bus parked near the classroom At least one wheelchair should be present as well If possible examples of the three main types of wheelchairs reviewed in class should be present so trainees can personally observe each In class the instructor should review the wheelchair lift and securement slides with the trainees using the bullet points summarized on the slides to explain key content and spark discussion and questions from trainees Evacuation planning slides should be saved for later in class Trainees should refer to their manuals during the review of the model pre trip procedure After reviewing slides with trainees instructor bring the class outside to th
54. S DMV r Pre Service Course Slide 6 3 1 e Fuller language for these laws and regulations is in the Trainee Manual Optional Unit 6 3 Drug amp Alcohol i aa ra elon School WHAT S THE COST Sus Drivers DWAI with passenger ba Misdemeanor YOU CA N T DWI with passenger ea haa Felony Dx 1 offense 1 year Du J license suspension 2nd offense life AFFORD IT suspension ist Personal vehicle 6 months Pre Service Course Slide 6 3 2 The DWAI and DWI also come with steep fines and possible jail time BAC by Weight and Drinks hour Aggravated DW 18 Dil 08 DWAL 05 CDL 02 100 Ibs 160 bs 220 lbs Weight Pre Service Course Slide 6 3 2 The graphs show BAC levels for individuals weighing 100 160 and 220 pounds when they drink a certain number of drinks per hour Even a 220 pond person cannot drink one drink per hour and avoid removal from duty Review the different standards that come into play with personal vehicles and buses DMV Aggravated DWI 18 BAC DWI 08 BAC DWAI 05 BAC FMCSA Removed from safety sensitive position for the day 02 BAC Suspended for a year 04 BAC 10 Optional Unit 6 4 I TIEF y i Le oe eee CDL DRUG TESTING e Started in 1991 e Includes Pre employment A 2 Post accident D A Random D A es Suspicion D A Return to duty D A Pre Service Course Slide 6 4 1 Tests are identified as Alcoho
55. Slack adjustors clamps Drag link steering Oil coolant column washer fluid level Check inside Air or hydraulic battery box before brake lines starting bus Shocks springs Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 8 Optional Unit 10 1 D pe rp rrojessional Me HOO BU r ry r f hiiit i Hi f l i river S i fe el j t ISD l Check All switches amp controls key on accessory Start engine listen Oil pressure gauge All other gauges as they build Steering wheel STEP 3 ENTER BUS CHECK CONTROLS START ENGINE SET LIGHTS Set lights for walk around Headlight low beams Marker sign lights Master flasher Left turn signal Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 9 Optional Unit 10 1 Tha Tost 1 Me We ASTON M Hog i7 j ver y f f s ae fja F in PETI Start at right front wheel Wheels tires work outside in to the center Headlights marker amp sign lights red student flashers license plate light left turn signal Mirror brackets Antenna Stop arms Pressure leaks STEP 4 WALK AROUND Reflectors reflective tape Emergency doors catch seals buzzers Damage all around Hanging wires Exhaust system rear springs intact Drive shaft intact protectors present Fuel cap secure Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 10 Optional Unit 10 1 r i Ne TAA i IFE li Ne Oe i STEP 5 ae n n RE ENTER BUS CHECK Check Stepwell light Steps clear h
56. T 7 PERSONAL SAFETY 1 hour federal requirement for new school bus drivers Unit 7 Competencies 1 Trainees will understand the danger of letting personal stress affect the ability to drive a school bus safely 2 Trainees will understand how to prevent an injury in the bus yard 3 Trainees will understand the legal prohibitions against driving a school bus while fatigued 4 Trainees will understand how to reduce the possibility of catching an infectious disease while transporting students 5 Trainees will know how to determine the danger from hazardous materials present in the bus garage environment 6 Trainees will understand their right to a safe workplace and environment and their legal protection against retaliation by an employer for reporting a dangerous situation Unit 7 Instructional Strategy 1 Trainees may be provided with a printed copy of Unit 7 of the Pre Service Trainee Manual before class They can review read the unit and answer the review questions at the end of the unit in writing before class They can then bring their copy and the completed review questions to class 2 In class the instructor should review the slides with the trainees using the bullet points summarized on the slides to explain key content and spark discussion and questions from trainees 3 After reviewing slides with trainees instructor should lead a site visit walk through of a school bus yard pointing out potential hazards traffic
57. Use the letter below to notify trainees of their upcoming Pre Service class Complete and adapt the letter as necessary Provide a copy of the Pre Service Trainee Manual along with the letter Dear School Bus Driver Trainee Your New York State Education Department School Bus Driver Pre Service Course is scheduled for time date at location This is a mandatory class for new school bus drivers It is against the law to transport students before completing this course Before class read the Pre Service Trainee Manual provided along with this letter It is your personal copy and will be a useful resource for you after you begin transporting students Make notes in the manual if you wish If you have questions about anything as you read write them down in the notes section at the end of each Unit You will have an opportunity to ask your questions during class Before coming to class complete all review questions at the end of each Unit in the manual A Final Exam will be administered at the end of the course The review questions will help prepare you for the exam Bring your manual with you to class lf you have any questions about this upcoming course contact name of instructor or Supervisor at phone email sincerely Name of instructor 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 10 FACILITY The Pre Service Course should be taught in a comfortable professional facility free from distractions Lighting r
58. ad signs Downshift before the grade Ei El Pre Service Course Slide 8 4 1 2 Improper downhill braking can lead to overheated brakes and loss of control With air brakes improper braking can deplete the air in the system A full load of students increases the stress on the brakes on hills Do a conscientious pre trip Check service and emergency brakes carefully before you leave the yard Slow down before cresting the hill There s not need to increase needed braking Observe steep grade ahead speed warnings for trucks they apply to buses too Downshift before the grade If your bus has an engine brake use it you may still need the service brake to maintain a safe speed and keep engine RPM in the safe range Use intermittent braking to maintain a safe speed and prevent brakes from overheating 10 Optional l nit 8 4 SCHOOL BUS CHALLENGES ON HILLS Learn challenging hills in your district Take a ride with your trainer on challenging hills Watch motorists at bus stops Learn how to start up using spring or parking brake Hill not safe Contact base by radio Pre Service Course Slide 8 4 3 4 Learn the challenging hills and downgrades in your district Take a ride with an experienced driver or a trainer discuss specific dangers and specific safety strategies for each hill If you have a bus stop on a steep hill be aware of other motorists they might not be able to stop for your b
59. affic situation behind your bus begin to slow down and communicate your stop Activate 4 way flashers to alert other motorists at the first crossing ahead or crossbucks sign Turn off master flasher switch at the same time you activate 4 ways If necessary tap brake lights to get motorists attention Open driver window silence fans and heaters and radio use the noise kill switch if you have one Ask passengers to be quiet Stop with or without passengers unless traffic light at crossing is green tracks are posted Exempt or a police officer directs you across Small school vehicles must stop too Stop 15 50 before closest track stop before painted stop line if there is one on the roadway On multilane roads stop in right lane Once stopped secure your bus by putting transmission in park or in neutral and engage parking spring brake 13 Optional Unit 8 5 Railroad Crossings RRX SAFETY PROCEDURE CHECK and GO Open door and driver window Look and listen Check ALL tracks Room on other side Check lights and bells Cross quickly Don t shift 4 ways Master switch Pre Service Course Slide 8 5 4 Once stopped and secured open passenger door and driver s window Look and listen carefully move in the driver s seat to see around view obstructions At multiple track crossings check down each track Wait for train to clear so that you have a full view of all tracks M
60. ake sure there s room across the tracks for your bus to get entirely clear Check warning lights and listen for bells or whistle if lights start flashing don t try to cross Once you re certain no train is coming cross quickly With a standard transmission don t shift as you cross with an automatic leave it D Leave 4 way flashers on until you have resumed normal road speed for traffic in that area Re arm your master flasher switch at the same time you turn off 4 ways 14 Optional Unit 8 6 Hazardous Intersections INTERSECTIONS ARE DANGEROUS Half of all traffic accidents occur in intersections Partial stops right light runners Pedestrians View obstructions Identify dangerous intersections e Ask your trainer or experienced drivers Bi Pre Service Course Slide 8 6 1 3 Half of all traffic accidents occur in intersections Many motorists fail to make full stops at stop signs or accelerate for a yellow light Pedestrians can be coming into the roadway from any direction Red light runners cause many serious intersection accidents Learn about the most dangerous intersections in your school district Talk with your trainer or experienced drivers about what they do to avoid an accident at challenging intersections in your district 15 Optional Unit 8 6 Hazardous Intersections AVOID INTERSECTION ACCIDENTS ALWAYS e Always slow down approaching intersections even wit
61. andrail secure Fire extinguisher charged pin present secure Seat belt cutter if present EMERGENCY EQUIPT RE SET LIGHTS First aid kit Cleanup kit Registration insurance card DOT sticker Emergency triangles Re set lights high beams right turn signal Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 11 10 Optional Unit 10 1 Professional School Bus STEP 6 Driver x Pre Trip Inspection EXIT BUS CURBSIDE LIGHT CHECK Check right side curbside of bus e High beams e Right turn signal front side rear Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 12 11 Optional nit 10 1 STEP 7 OP es he ee RE ENTER BUS STATIC BRAKE CHECK Air Brakes Beret g pa li lj i J Ver amp rire aif jf his Before starting your static air brake check make sure The air is fully charged The wigwag is set The engine is off but the key in the accessory position You can t do a static air brake check unless all three conditions exist beforehand Bi Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 13 12 Optional Unit 10 1 F F T i rd J Fri We ASTON M Hog Tum engine off key on accessory wigwag set e Put bus in reverse go to rear and check reverse lights back up beeper In driver s seat release parking brake hover foot over service brake in case bus rolls Check for leaks watch gauge listen STEP 7 Air Brakes RE ENTER BUS STATIC BRAKE CHECK Hold service brake down hard check for leaks Pump brak
62. any challenges exist for the bus ride consistent self control on the part of the bus driver is a necessity Multiple disability e 2 or more simultaneous impairments such as mental retardation amp blindness mental retardation amp orthopedic impairment etc e Educational needs are so severe they can t be met in a special education program designed solely for one of the other 12 impairments 62 SPECIAL EDUCATION PROCESS School district CSE Special education teachers staff amp parents Identify and assesses children Creates IEP All information is confidential OQ Pre Service Course Slide 4 3 1 3 Every school district has a Committee on Special Education CSE Made up of special education teachers staff administrators amp parents When transportation is required for FAPE a transportation expert should assess the child s needs and report at the CSE meeting Purpose of the CSE Is to identify and assess children who may need specialized services An Individualized Education Program IEP must be created for each identified student with special needs The IEP defines each child s specific educational amp behavioral goals for the school year Schools must provide the services listed on the IEP such as the Related Service of Transportation Confidentiality Unnecessarily revealing personal information about a student or the student s family is a violation of state amp federal l
63. at hiding what they do prevention is more effective than trying to catch bullies in the act Tell all students you won t tolerate name calling or put downs Report any suspicions of bullying to your supervisor 26 Core Unit 2 3 Dalhin T amp Fights THREATS amp VIOLENCE e Be proactive e Separate arguing e Don t let students students at once cheer on the fighters Stay calm tell students Restrain a student to stop right now Notify base stop in Safe location secure bus and take the key Move other students away from the fight D Pre Service Course Slide 2 3 3a Violence can happen any day even a driver s first day It is so very important for them to take a moment and think What would do Be proactively alert for signs of potential violence Fights are the most common form of violence on a bus Prevention is key separate arguing students at once report the dispute after your run If a fight breaks out stay calm Tell students to stop right now use a strong clear command voice Notify base by radio Stop in a safe location secure your bus and take the key Quickly move other students away from the fight Don t let other students cheer on the fighters You have a legal right to restrain a student to protect other students or yourself but do so only as a last resort Zi THREATS amp VIOLENCE cont e Stepping between e Don t students is dangerous confron
64. aw The only exception is if the information is necessary to protect a child in an emergency Parents have successfully sued school districts and bus drivers for violating confidentiality laws 63 WORDS ARE IMPORTANT Words can leave a lasting scar Outmoded words maintain stereotypes Disability labels are used as put downs Disabled have been treated as non human speak at their level RESPECT Don t invade their space Pre Service Course Slide 4 4 1 Outmoded words keep negative stereotypes about people alive A thoughtless comment about a child can leave a lasting scar Disability words are used as put downs stupid crazy retard imbecile idiot etc Our society has a long history of savage verbal abuse aimed at the handicapped treating them as non human When speaking to short children or children who use a wheelchair get on their level to talk to them Don t talk down to them Just as you use words that respect students also respect their personal space If you are securing straps do it as non intrusively as possible 64 GETTING TO KNOW YOUR STUDENTS AS PEOPLE Ask the student a parent or teacher Favorite activities Social needs Challenging behaviors or communication needs Likes dislikes about school Likes dislikes outside school How can I assist you What don t you want me to do Pre Service Course Slide 4 4 1b Questions for parents or teachers What motivates him
65. brake L 2 J 4 5 6 ie 8 Pre Service Course Slide 3 2 2a Approaching a stop in the afternoon Alert children who will get off next to get ready Keep children seated until bus is fully stopped Be aware of vehicles behind your bus if you can let them pass by pulling over in a safe location well before the stop do so Check the status of your master flasher switch As it comes into view scan the area around the stop for unusual hazards Slow down well before you get to the stop At a stop in the afternoon Secure your bus as soon you come to a stop Open the door to activate your red flashers double check to make sure they re on Maintain light pressure on the service brake Don t let children exit your bus wearing headphones talking texting on cell phones etc Be alert for children carrying loose items that could drop near the bus 40 Core Unit 3 2 DROPPING OFF Bus Stop Safety Procedures STU DENTS cont 11 Long drawstrings or straps 12 Instruct every child every day Daae 13 Crossers before non crossers 14 Use the handrail 15 Count children off the bus 16 Check before they step 17 No checking mailbox 18 Distraction from family 19 I see the driver the driver sees me Pre Service Course Slide 3 2 2b Be alert for clothing with long drawstrings or straps Instruct every child every day about how to stay safe while getting off your bus it s the law
66. buses can be difficult to control in high wind Be cautious approaching bridges and open stretches of road when it s very windy Be aware of areas in your district where high wind can be a problem 20 a DIFFICULT LIGHT CONDITIONS rr I Ger AWaPes e Sunup and sundown Can you reroute Low contrast objects or people on road at bus stop Sudden when turning Look down and away Keep windshield clean Take the other s driver s perspective Pre Service Course Slide 8 8 7 Transitional periods twilight sunrise are especially challenging The make your warning lights very difficult to see assume they can t see them If you have a dangerous glare location on your route talk to your supervisor about rerouting so you will travel the road in the opposite direction If glare happens at a bus stop have children wait well back from the road Low contrast objects are tough to see at twilight watch out for pedestrians or joggers wearing gray Be especially careful when turning into the sun so you will be prepared Sun glare or headlight glare is blinding look at the side of the road A dirty or foggy windshield inside or out makes glare worse Remember if the sun is behind you the cars coming the other way are dealing with glare Also a car turning onto your street might get hit with glare If you are loading children they might not see your red student flashers OR the children 21 oo OPTI
67. ck in seat bight 12 Optional Unit 7 4 ied UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS Learn how to use clean up kit Maintain barrier Use absorbent material Put waste in bio hazard bag Remove gloves properly Dispose of all waste Pre Service Course Slide 7 4 2 Practice universal precautions ALWAYS wear protective gloves around body fluids Maintain a barrier between yourself and fluids in all circumstances The barrier can be gloves plastic bags masks or in a less perfect situation clothing paper towels or newspaper If there are significant fluids use absorbent material to control the fluids before cleaning them up Grab the palm of one glove and pull it off wadding it up in the gloved hand Slip a finger on your bare hand under the edge of the other glove and pull it off inside out with the first glove held inside Dispose of all potentially contaminated waste and wash hands thoroughly 13 Optional Unit 7 E EPT A 4 acai HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Hazardous material labeling Yellow potential for a chemical reaction Red flammability Blue health hazard White special hazard Severity 0 low to 4 high Pre Service Course Slide 7 5 2 Yellow potential for a chemical reaction Red flammability Blue health hazard White special hazard oxy oxidizer increases rate of combustion of other materials Severity O low to 4 high Understanding these markings would allow a driver to report the co
68. d by their new drivers next fall This certificate is in the Trainee Manual Optional Unit 12 2 Restraints for Pre School LEGAL Children on School Buses REQU REM ENTS e All children under 4 must ride in an appropriate child safety restraint system CSRS e In a school van or car children under 8 must ride in a CSRS e Make sure Height and weight match CSRS No recalls No damage to seat Seat fits in bus il Pre Service Course Slide 12 2 1 On a school bus all children under 4 must ride in an appropriate child safety restraint system CSRS In a school van or car children under 8 must ride in a CSRS The CSRS must be the right size for the child The seat should not be under recall see National Highway Safety Administration NHTSA web site http www odi nhtsa dot gov cars problems recalls childseat cfm The seat should not be damaged or have been in a serious crash The seat needs to fit in the bus seat All seats do not fit in all school buses Opianal nit 2 22 Ea TYPES OF n CATPOUN i 4 if i f r i hoy Rear facing infant seats Stay rear facing as long as seat allows Forward facing restraints Secured with Seat belt Pre Service Course Slide 12 2 2a Rear facing infant seats for children younger than 1 year old or weighing less than 20 pounds usually attach to the bus seat with the bus lap belt Newer rear facing seats have upper weight limits of
69. d with a disability is a child not a disability Every child disabled or not is an individual with a unique personality All children have their own hopes and fears Within every type of disability individual children display a wide spectrum of characteristics and behaviors Disability categories are really umbrellas that identify a group of people with somewhat similar characteristics Every child within the category will be different and unique We can disable children with out own attitudes and preconceptions that don t allow them full access 57 eee CREATE REALITY e We assume that students with disabilities cannot learn to ride the bus safely SO We teach them safety half heartedly or not at all AND bE ao OF COURSE They don t learn a PAA bus safety WHY om J Our behavior made our assumptions real WHY NOT Assume they can learn D Pre Service Course Slide 4 2 15 This slide is about assumptions How does it feels when someone tells you or their actions suggest they believe that you cannot do something Have they ever allowed themselves to become a part of someone else s self fulfilling prophecy By denying students with disabilities access to education and communication opportunities we create a self fulfilling prophecy They do not learn because we don t teach them in a way that works for them We then assume they didn t learn because they can t learn instead of because we did not
70. d with a physical disability Seat fragile children in the center of the bus whenever possible the ride is much smoother Tender Loving Care TLC driving is essential when driving a lift equipped bus 12 Optional Unit 11 4 HOW WOULD YOU FEEL i Is the person pushing me across this uneven pavement in a WC really paying attention What if I fall backwards on the bus steps while using this walker The wheelchair lift is making strange noises as it raises me Is it going to break Am I going to fall off the lift I feel so embarrassed and ashamed as you hook up the belts for me I dont know where to look Pre Service Course Slide 11 4 2 Ask your drivers to consider how they would experience being a wheelchair user on 13 Optional Unit 11 5 2 MINUTES OR LESS e Bus fires and wheelchair users is very frightening e Buses can burn and create toxic gases in 2 minutes or less e An evacuation plan shold be created for An front engine generated fire Acrash generated fire at the rear Bi Pre Service Course Slide 11 5 1 2 Buses can burn quickly in some situations Heat and toxic gases can make the passenger compartment unsurvivable in less than two minutes Children who can t walk may take significantly longer to get out of the bus 14 Optional Unit 11 5 Evacuation Planning SOME EVACUATION PLANNING QUESTIONS Define driver and attendant roles Children evacuated
71. des after a crash to assist emergency responders to control the scene 14 Righ to Know MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS MSDS Two main types of hazardous materials e Health hazards e Physical hazards MSDS Summarizes hazardous material Manufacturers must provide a MSDS Learn where MSDS are in the bus garage Pre Service Course Slide 7 5 1 3 Two main types of hazardous materials 1 Health hazards poisons corrosives irritants carcinogens can damage your health exposure can occur by inhaling ingesting or direct contact with skin 2 Physical hazards danger of fire or explosion Certain information is required by OSHA to be on the MSDS Sections VI and VII Health Hazard data and Precautions to be taken for safe handling and use are the ones bus drivers would be most interested in reading Section IDENTITY As Used on Label and List Manufacturer s Name Emergency Telephone Number Address Number Street City State and ZIP Code Telephone Number for Information Date Prepared Section II Hazardous Ingredients Identity Information Hazardous Components Specific Chemical Identity Common Name s OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV Other Limits Recommended optional Section III Physical Chemical Characteristics Boiling Point Specific Gravity H O 1 Vapor Pressure mm Hg Melting Point Vapor Density AIR 1 Evaporation Rate Butyl Acetate 1 Solubility in Water Appearance and Odor Section IV Fire and Expl
72. dway whenever possible Never cross a student in a small school vehicle not equipped with student flashers Up ional Unit 9 1 Uinigkte LAaglenves g fri TF 1 i l L L A i riving NI Hdl if Ne Hod i ren li t S S i e Legally the vans and All school bus laws apply cars are school buses e 55 mph max e Feels like your e No drinking eating personal vehicle but no No right on red or Defensive driving is fueling with students MORE important in small No distracting school vehicles conversation with passengers e Stop at RR Pre Service Course Slide 9 1 3 Legally vans and cars are school buses when transporting students to or from school or school activities School buses are defined by their function in Vehicle and Traffic Law 142 School bus Every motor vehicle owned by a public or governmental agency or private school and operated for the transportation of pupils children of pupils teachers and other persons acting in a supervisory capacity to or from school or school activities or privately owned and operated for compensation for the transportation of pupils children of pupils teachers and other persons acting in a supervisory capacity to or from school or school activities It may feel just like your personal vehicle but it s not All school bus laws apply 55 mph max no drinking eating or right on red with students on board no fueling with students on board no distracting
73. e Course Slide 4 1 1 Unit 4 Transporting Students with Special needs is required by regulation for all school bus drivers that transport children with disabilities Since 80 of children with disabilities ride regular buses every driver must take this segment 54 INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES EDUCATION ACT IDEA e Children with IDEA passed in 1975 disabilities often did Guaranteed FAPE not attend school e Requires LRE Transportation is a Related Service Requires specific training Gives drivers access to information Pre Service Course Slide 4 1 2 e Our country has come a long way in how we treat people with disabilities e A generation ago children who were considered handicapped seldom had a chance to go to school most adults with disabilities spent their entire lives completely segregated from society IDEA passed by the U S Congress in 1975 was the culmination of many local struggles for equal rights for disabled children e The law of the land now required school districts to provide FAPE a free and appropriate public education to all children e IDEA required children with disabilities to learn and be transported in the Least Restrictive Environment LRE possible so that they can have interaction with their nondisabled peers e IDEA also identified transportation as a Related Service that is a service that some children would need to receive FAPE e Asa Related Service provide
74. e a DDVR for every bus you drive that day You must sign before you leave the yard certifying that you inspected the bus and it was in safe condition at that time The DDVR must be filled out completely mileage must be accurately logged You must sign again at the end of the day after your post trip If you discover a defect at the end of the day you must note it on the DDVR You must also counter sign a DDVR if a mechanic has logged any maintenance or repair work on the bus 18 Optional Unit 10 3 Post Trip Inspection POST TRIP YOUR MOST IMPORTANT RESPONSIBILITY Check each time you leave bus Children may be asleep or hiding anywhere i k HAN i i JLN ilih Driver and attendant should Rss a both check Serious disciplinary action You could lose your job be arrested be personally sued Child could die in heat or cold Pre Service Course Slide 10 3 1 2 You must check for children before getting off your bus for any reason it s a law Many many children fall asleep on buses or hide to play a trick on the bus driver or don t want to go to school or go home for a variety of reasons Both attendants and drivers must check don t assume the other person checked for you Serious disciplinary action against the driver is a minimum You could lose your job You could be arrested You could be personally sued 19 Optional Unit 10 3 Posi Trip Inspection OTHER RESPONSIBILITIES
75. e above 7 TRUE or FALSE Squabbles over where to sit are a common cause of behavior problems 8 TRUE or FALSE Like adults children need to understand the why s behind rules 9 TRUE or FALSE Use referrals sparingly for violations of key safety rules 10 TRUE or FALSE Even if a child misbehaves never put the child off the bus during the route 11 What s the most dangerous piece of equipment on your bus a Fire extinguisher b Internal mirror above the driver c Bumpers d Fuel tank 12 TRUE or FALSE Making fun of a child in front of others usually improves behavior 13 Which statement about bullying is not true Most bullying is verbal Bullying is just kids being kids Sexual harassment is a form of bullying Bullies are usually clever at what they do 14 TRUE or FALSE Subs should drive even more cautiously than other drivers in the fleet a0 fF amp 15 Why is the student loading unloading process considered the moment of truth a Three of four fatalities occur at the bus stop b Children are impulsive and unpredictable c All school buses have blind spots where a child could be hidden from direct view d All of the above 16 Statistically when are children most at risk Getting on a bus in the morning Getting off a bus in the afternoon Riding on the bus in a residential neighborhood Riding
76. e lift If you have an attendant work as a team follow fleet procedures for who gets out of the bus and who stays inside One of you must have hold of the WC at all times when it s on the lift hala _ 11 3 POSITION THE CHAIR IN THE BUS SeCur NEn Select a securement station Towards front of bus Children in WCs must ride forward facing Center the WC in the securement station Check in with the child to make sure everything s OK Pre Service Course Slide 11 3 1 Select a securement station if there s a choice place the WC between the axles in the center section of the bus where the ride is smoother Children in WCs must always ride forward facing Center the WC in the securement station side to side front to back Check in with the child to make sure everything s OK with how you have the chair positioned Optional Unit 11 3 Gat SECURE THE WC i Read the instructions systems vary Securement straps into floor mounts Rear straps inside the wheel path front straps outside Select securement points on WC WKS D ring on a transit chair T near a welded joint on the main frame of an older WC L a fa Pre Service Course Slide 11 3 2a There are many different types of securement systems read the instructions for yours Secure WC to bus floor before securing passenger with lap shoulder belts Insert securement straps in floor mounts Rear straps
77. e representative lift equipped bus parked nearby The instructor should then demonstrate how to use the wheelchair lift giving all trainees a chance to operate the lift while being monitored Trainees should take turns serving as the student riding in the wheelchair on the lift After the lift demonstration and practice is finished the instructor should demonstrate how to secure the wheelchair and a passenger again using trainees for students in the bus Instructor must be careful that all trainees can hear and see the demonstration After watching the instructor secure the chair and the passenger trainees should practice the technique while closely monitored by the instructor All mistakes should be corrected on the spot After returning to the classroom instructor should review the evacuation planning slides with the class following them with a practice evacuation planning exercise based on an actual local special needs run Trainees should write the plan decided upon by the class in their manuals 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 20 7 The instructor should conclude class by going over the review questions orally correcting any misconceptions and clarifying any confusions before class is finished 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 21 TEACHING OPTIONAL UNIT 12 TRANSPORTING PRE SCHOOL STUDENTS 1 hour Unit 12 Competencies l 2 3 4 Trainees will understand the i
78. e until low air warnings activate wigwag dash light beeper should come on 60 psi Pump brake until spring brake comes on should come on 25 psi Start engine check air build up 15 psi every 45 sec Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 14 13 1 z ee pn z F OESS POG Ae fi Of BUS Optional Unit 10 1 STEP 7 Hydraulic Brakes F Tee a E i J Ver A i ft ir TE FSD RE ENTER BUS STATIC BRAKE CHECK Turn engine off key on accessory Put bus in reverse go to rear and check reverse lights back up beeper In driver s seat depress service brake pedal listen for booster pump if equipped With key on but engine off check dash warning light amp buzzer Pump brake pedal 3 times pedal should stay firm Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 15 14 Optional Unit 10 1 STEP 8 Tha pe f ores TIONEN M Hog Driver Pre Trip Inspection CHECK INTERIOR Close door activate 4 ways amp pre warning student flashers e Check front 4 ways amp flashers from driver s seat Walk aisle to rear of bus checking Seats no damage cushions secured belts accessible jump seat operation e Emergency exits every one buzzer label light e Rear 4 ways amp flashers from rear emergency door Return to and adjust drivers seat checking Brake lights in a reflection or with a buddy s help Mirrors are they adjusted perfectly for you Horn Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 16
79. eating plan of a current bus showing SGA Lo a each child With your trainer decide on a realistic evacuation plan for both scenarios Use the Evacuation Plan form in your manual to write down your plan Fira af Raar of Bus DERE nAn Pre Service Course Slide 12 4 5 On a blackboard sketch out the seating plan of a current pre school route in your operation With your trainer decide on a realistic evacuation plan for both scenarios Use the Pre School Run Evacuation Plan form in your manual to write down the plan you come up with 13 ational nit 12 4 SEAT BELT CUTTERS Vi ICUMaTION ONCE EES It may be faster to cut harness straps Cut at an angle across a tight belt Should be located where you can reach it while seat belted Practice cutting old belts with a seat belt cutter Pre Service Course Slide 12 4 6 It may be faster to cut harness straps rather than trying to unbuckle a child Seat belt cutters work best drawn at an angle across a tight belt A seat belt cutter should be located where you can reach it quickly in an emergency while still in your seat belt If you need to cut yourself loose first you ll need the cutter There should also be one within reach of the bus monitor Practice cutting old belts with a seat belt cutter 14 OPTIONAL UNIT 12 REVIEW Tor F The vision and hearing of preschoolers is so good they can usually get out of the way of an approaching car
80. emptions for buses that transport students who are wheelchair users Most lifts have a master switch on the control panel Some lifts won t work unless the bus parking brake is set a safety interlock prevents the bus from moving when lift is deployed Some lifts won t work unless engine is running Some lifts have passenger belts some don t if equipped with a passenger belt the lift won t operate unless the belt is latched Newer lifts have additional safety features such as proximity shut offs if you re standing too close to the lift it won t work Open amp secure lift door Student in WC faces outward on the lift Position passenger close to the bus not at outer edge of lift WC brakes must be set while passenger is on the lift Using the Wheelchair Lif e PROCEDURES Don t ride the lift with the student Don t allow a student to stand on the lift Don t be distracted while operating the lift If you have an attendant work as a team follow fleet procedures One of you must have hold of the WC when it s on the lift Pre Service Course Slide 11 2 4 Do not ride the lift with the student it s not safe Do not allow a student to stand on the lift If they use a walker have a spare chair on the bus that they can ride up the lift Then give them their walker inside the bus to move to a seat and secure the empty chair Do not allow yourself to be distracted while operating th
81. eristic of children a with emotional 9 pide does IEP stand disturbance for a Behaves normally under 10 T or F Unnecessar ly normal circumstances revealing personal b Trouble maintaining information about friendships with peers students or their families c Pervasive unhappiness ie or depression is a violation of state amp d Physical symptoms due federal law to personal or social problems Pre Service Course Slide 4 Rc 7 a 8 Committee on Special Education 9 Individualized Education Program 10 T v2 CORE UNIT 4 REVIEW cont 11 Which statement s below are true a A thoughtless comment about a child can leave a lasting scar b Sensitivity towards children with disabilities begins with an examination of how we speak c Our society has a long history of savage verbal abuse aimed at the handicapped d Al statements are true O Pre Service Course Slide 4 Rd 11 d PRE SERVICE CORE UNIT 5 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS Pre Service Course Slide 5 W 74 REPORT IMMEDIATELY STAY CALM e Reported all incidents AT ONCE e Keep all students calm and at the scene until help ay arrives e Serious injuries can be unapparent e Reassure children to prevent panic m Pre Service Course Slide 5 1 1 2 ALL accidents crashes and incidents should be reported AT ONCE from the scene Any unexpected situation should be reported Any unreported incident cou
82. ervice Course Slide 10 Ra Shoes w poor tread Hanging drawstrings or jewelry Buses moving in the yard Sharp edges on the stop arm Falling out the emergency door Letting the hood slam down on you 9 steps a ee ee 9 Approach the bus visual check Under the hood if required Enter bus check controls start bus set lights Exit bus walk around Re enter bus check emergency equipment re set lights Exit bus curbside light check Re enter bus static brake check Check interior items 50 brake checks Under the hood Body damage bus leaning Static leaks puddles Hanging wires exhaust etc Unusual items under or around the bus Oil pressure gauge Walk Around 1 Wheels tires work outside in to the center 2 Headlights marker amp sign lights red student flashers license plate light left turn signal 3 Mirror brackets 4 Antenna 5 Stop arms 6 Pressure leaks 7 Reflectors reflective tape 8 Emergency doors catch seals buzzers 9 Damage all around 10 Hanging wires 11 Exhaust system rear springs intact 12 Drive shaft intact protectors present 13 Fuel cap secure 21 9 OPTIONAL UNIT 10 REVIEW cont 9 What are 3 kinds of emergency equipment you should check during a pre trip What are 3 things that must happen before you can conduct a static air brake check What are 5 things you should check in the interior of your bus 12 13 Tor F The 5
83. eterrent Video documentation protects bus drivers if you take safety seriously there s nothing to fear 25 BULLYING IS DEVASTATING TO CHILDREN Interrupts their education Has a lasting tragic impact Targets the young timid disabled or visibly different Bus is perfect for bullies Bullying isn t kids being kids Most bullying is verbal Take a stand against bullying Report any suspicions Pre Service Course Slide 2 3 1 2 A child afraid of a bully on the bus ride doesn t arrive at school ready to learn Bullying can have a lasting even tragic impact on children Children who are young timid disabled or visibly different in some way are frequent targets Unfortunately the bus can be an ideal environment for bullying Bullying isn t just kids being kids bullying is about power over an individual child Most bullying is verbal name calling amp rumors can be very powerful Sexual harassment is another form of bullying it s widespread in schools and society today Sexual harassment can take many shapes from gossip graffiti or sexting to fondling or forced sexual activity Even mild sexual harassment can damage a child s self esteem Being a school bus driver means sticking up for vulnerable kids Intervene quickly if you see signs of bullying a stronger child pushing around a weaker child or a group of children making fun of a single child Bullies can be clever
84. g a school bus while ability is impaired by drugs or alcohol 2 Trainees will understand the tragic social cost of alcohol and drug abuse 3 Trainees will understand federal drug and alcohol testing requirements for school bus drivers 4 Trainees will understand the importance of checking personal medication for potential side effects that could impair the ability to drive a school bus Unit 6 Instructional Strategy 1 Trainees may be provided with a printed copy of Unit 6 of the Pre Service Trainee Manual before class They can review read the unit and answer the review questions at the end of the unit in writing before class They can then bring their copy and the completed review questions to class 2 In class the instructor should review the slides with the trainees using the bullet points summarized on the slides to explain key content and spark discussion and questions from trainees 3 Instructor should bring examples of warning labels for over the counter and prescription medications to class 4 Instructor may include a guest expert on drug and alcohol abuse and testing if desired A local school bus drug and alcohol testing provider or law enforcement officer could be appropriate 5 Instructor should conclude class by going over the review questions orally correcting any misconceptions and clarifying any confusions before class is finished 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 15 TEACHING OPTIONAL UNI
85. get to the next stop 30 CORE UNIT 2 REVIEW 1 Which statement is true 3 Tor F Unlike adults a Most children dont like an children do not need to out of control bus any more understand the why s adults do behind rules b All children deserve a safe enind rules amp enjoyable bus ride Tor F Use referrals c Positive relationships with sparingly for violations students are the key to safe y behavior of key safety rules d A the above Tor F Ifa child 2 Tor F Squabbles over continues to misbehave where to sit are one of the put the child off the bus most common causes of during the route behavior problems on school buses Pre Service Course Slide 2 Ra Have your drivers work on the review questions at the end of the unit for 5 10 minutes then use these slides to make sure everyone knows the right answers d i cee ae nam 4 31 2 ao no CORE UNIT 2 REVIEW cont 6 What s meant by the rs most dangerous piece of equipment on your bus a fires b Internal mirror above the driver c Exhaust system d Fuel tank T or F Purposely embarrassing children usually improves behavior Which statement about bullying is true a Most bullying is verbal b Bullying is devastating to children its not just kids being kids c Sexual harassment is a form of bullying d A V the above Pre Service Course Slide 2 Rb
86. h disabilities ride regular school buses b Most school bus drivers transport children with special needs c With what we know today transporting children with disabilities has become much simpler d A generation ago children with disabilities seldom went to school Have your drivers work on the review questions at the end of the unit for 5 10 minutes 2 Which statement s are true a A child with a disability is a child not a disability b Every child disabled or not has a unique personality c Individual children display a wide spectrum of characteristics amp behaviors within each disability category d Al statements are true Pre Service Course Slide 4 Ra then use these slides to make sure everyone knows the right answers 1 c 2 d 70 os CORE UNIT 4 REVIEW cont 3 A physical problem affecting a child s bones muscles joints or tendons is considered what type of disability An inability to communicate amp interact with others is characteristic of what type of disability Physical disability Mental disability T F T or F Many deaf children can communicate effectively both with hearing and non hearing individuals T or F Few school districts transport medically fragile children to and from school each day Pre Service Course Slide 4 Rb 71 CORE UNIT 4 REVIEW cont 7 Which statement below is 8 What does CSE stand not a typical for charact
87. h the right of way slow down even more if buildings etc block your view Always cover the brake Always rock before you roll into an intersection After the light turns green always wait 2 3 seconds before entering an intersection NEVER e Never assume another vehicle will stop for a stop sign or a red light Never accelerate for a yellow light or a stale green light Pre Service Course Slide 8 6 2 16 Optional Unit 8 7 Know Your Turnarounds TURNAROUND SAFETY Only authorized Scan the area Maximize your view Pick a reference point Activate 4 ways and honk Reliable spotter Minimize backing distance Don t be fooled by snow Check with trainer Pre Service Course Slide 8 7 1 2 Only use authorized turnarounds If you find yourself needing to make a turnaround that is not a part of your route inform dispatch Scan the surrounding area carefully before backing Position your bus before backing to maximize your view of the turnaround Pick a distinctive object along the perimeter of the turnaround use it as a reference point as you back Activate 4 ways and honk and pause before backing Attendant or reliable student should spot from inside the bus Back only as far as necessary to make the turn and pull back on the road Be careful in snow know where the edge is Ask your supervisor router or trainer to go over the district s turnarounds with you Ride with exper
88. help you check for children hidden in the blind spots danger zones around your bus If a crossover mirror is out of adjustment you could run over a child All buses have blind spots Mirrors must show the seated driver any area to the front or side of the bus hidden from direct view It is against the law to drive a school bus with the crossover mirrors out of adjustment Crossover mirrors may need to be individually adjusted depending on the seat adjustment height of driver and type of bus Proper adjustment is especially important for shorter drivers who sit lower and can usually see less around the bus Ask your supervisor or a mechanic to help you adjust your mirrors Properly adjusted mirrors mean little if they aren t used carefully at every bus Stop Check crossover mirrors last at every bus stop including school grounds The most important purpose of crossover mirrors is to spot a child you didn t know you d lost track of Train yourself to move actively in the driver s seat to change your angle of vision and maximize what you see in the crossover mirrors and all mirrors 44 PLACEMENT OF BUS STOPS You are the eyes and ears of the school district report ideas to improve stop safety Factors considered in stop location Visibility Avoiding intersections Waiting area Eliminating crossovers Age and ability of the child Pre Service Course Slide 3 4 1 e Determining the exact location of bus
89. ical equipment or a nurse during the bus ride e Attention Deficit Disorder ADD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD are also included in this category may have difficulty focusing on a single task e Their impulsive behaviors can create many challenges for the bus ride 60 TYPES OF MENTAL DISABILTIES Autism spectrum disorder Asperger s Syndrome 8 Learning disability 9 Speech or language impairment 10 Mental retardation 11 Traumatic brain injury D Pre Service Course Slide 4 2 4 Autism spectrum disorder e A developmental disability affecting the ability to communicate and interact with others e One out of 110 children born today have autism e Term covers a wide spectrum of behaviors e Asperger s Syndrome is a milder form of autism e Children with more severe forms of autism may display repetitive rocking movements or continuous repetition of words or phrases e Some children with autism can communicate effectively with pictures or keyboards e Children with autism often have a strong preference for predictable patterns and order changes in a bus route or staff can be difficult Learning disability e Is a disorder in the processing of spoken or written language e Children may have difficulty listening thinking speaking reading writing spelling or doing math e Dyslexia is one type of learning disability Speech or language impairment e A communication disorder such as
90. ienced drivers to learn how they handle challenging turnarounds 17 Optional l nit amp 8 T T i roi I j a A Toe LCUN F J Caner AWarenes SNOW amp ICE Motorists pedestrians amp m snowmobilers ee Know where blowing amp drifting snow happens e Keep lights clear Bridges freeze first Black ice Slow down assume ice Ice storms i t Bi Pre Service Course Slide 8 8 1 3 Motorists pedestrians amp snowmobilers often do dangerous things in snow drive defensively Blowing amp drifting snow is very dangerous learn where it happens every year Make sure your student flashers amp other lights aren t caked with snow Icy conditions can occur after roads have been plowed amp salted Bridges and exposed areas of roadway usually ice up first learn where it happens every year Black ice is nearly invisible you can lose control of your bus Slow down early if icing is even a possibility watch for signs of freezing rain such as no road spray and icicles from guardrails or signs Ice storms can bring down wires and tree limbs get your bus off the road to a safe spot 18 WHITEOUTS and FOG j J Ubathor ds Loc Fegihel 1 Blizzard conditions create whiteouts Learn where fog develops in your area Slow early for bus stops Do not use highbeams Activate 4 ways amp strobe Is it fog or whiteout If visibility is zero get off the road safely never stop in the r
91. ight June 30 2010 The University of the State of New York The New York State Education Department Office of Pupil Transportation Unit EBA Room 876 Albany NY 12234 0001 Phone 518 474 6541 Fax 518 474 1983 New York State School Bus Driver Pre Service Instructor Guide p 3 INTRODUCTION This nstructor s Guide will prepare you to teach the NYSED School Bus Driver Pre Service Course The primary goal of the Pre Service Course is to ensure that every new school bus driver in New York State is prepared to safely transport students The Pre Service Course must be completed prior to transporting students The nstructor s Guide is one of the three instructional components of the course which are Instructor s Guide Trainee Manual Course Slides with Instructor Notes The three components are designed to be utilized in conjunction with each other when teaching the course The Pre Service Course is designed to be taught in a variety of instructional circumstances to a single trainee a small group of trainees or a full class The course consists of two blocks made up of a total of twelve units Core Units 1 5 this is the mandatory part of the Pre Service Course and must include at least 3 hours of instruction Optional Units 6 12 any or all optional units may be taught at the discretion of the local school district or bus company Note that some of the units fulfill federal requirements Every ne
92. in or out of the wheelchairs Unbuckle the child or cut the straps Order to evacuate children pif Avoid exit bottleneck Will you use the lift Who will help the children away from the bus How can children help Pre Service Course Slide 11 5 3 Exactly what will the attendant s role be in each scenario Will you evacuate children in or out of their wheelchairs Will you unbuckle or cut the straps What sequence will you evacuate children in each scenario What exit s will you use for each scenario How will you avoid a bottleneck at an exit Will you attempt to use the wheelchair lift Will you operate it manually Will you lower it halfway and step the chairs down Who will be outside to receive and oversee the children and who will be inside getting them out How can the children help each other get out 15 Optional Unit 12 4 Seat belt cutter to cut a webbing Cut at an angle across a tight belt Can you reach it while seat belted Practice cutting old belts Fire blanket evac aide Carry or drag from bus Manually operate lift Pre Service Course Slide 12 5 4 It may be faster to cut straps rather than trying to unbuckle a child Seat belt cutters work best drawn at an angle across a tight belt A seat belt cutter should be located where you can reach it quickly in an emergency while still in your seat belt If you need to cut yourself loose first you ll need the cutter There should a
93. iving slowly Disobeying signs signals Headlights off Evening sports trip dangers Pre Service Course Slide 6 1 3 e School bus drivers need to be able to recognize drunk drivers on the road with them The possibility that a nighttime driver exhibiting each of these behaviors has a BAC of 10 or more is described in the Trainee Manual Give these drivers plenty of space Optional Unit 6 1 Understane ling fi Jrug and Alcohol Abuse S U BSTAN C E Depressants Alcohol Pain pills Sedatives e Stimulants Caffeine speed cocaine e Narcotics Codeine heroin morphine Hallucinogens Pot LSD inhalants Bi Pre Service Course Slide 6 1 4 Discuss effects on driving for each substance type outlined in Trainee Manual Optional Unit 6 2 mr wi i Drug and Alcohol LEGAL BUT erona NILES DANGEROUS DRUGS Personal medications Vitamins supplements Do not drive while taking this medication Drowsiness blurred vision aches nausea reactions Combinations dangerous Ask doctor or pharmacist Clear new medications Pre Service Course Slide 6 2 1 Inform all your doctors including the one administering your bus driver physical of all your medications as well as any vitamins or supplements that you take Read medicine literature carefully If it says that it might make you drowsy ro should be taken while driving or operating machinery don t take it and drive school bus Drowsiness
94. l only A or both drug and alcohol D A 1 Optional Unit 6 4 4 Fede Progra af il I rug cng Alcoahal fe 1ol Testin 4 cn Implied consent Split samples Urine test for drugs Breath test for alcohol You may be tested whenever you are on duty Avoid drinking large quantities of liquids diluting sample TESTING PROTOCOLS Tests for e Alcohol e Marijuana e Cocaine e Amphetamine e Opiates e PCP Pre Service Course Slide 6 4 2 12 OPTIONAL UNIT 6 REVIEW How often are Americans killed by drunk drivers Tor F The worst school bus accident in U S history was caused by a drunk driver Which is NOT a behavior of drunk drivers a Turning too wide b Straddling lanes c Stopping for an ambulance Swervin TTI g Once every 30 minutes T c d 4 What are the possible consequences for DWI in a school bus a Class E Felony b 1000 5000 fine and possible jail time c Loss of your CDL for at least a year d All the above Pre Service Course Slide 6 Ra 13 OPTIONAL UNIT 6 REVIEW cont 5 TorF Aschool bus 8 What happens if you drivers should report have a 02 BAC another SB driver 9 What happens if you acting drunk have a 04 BAC What are the four 10 T or F If you are categories of drugs selected once for a If a urine test is random test you can t diluted what kind of be picked again that
95. law that you will probably not get into here but may come up in conversation The specifics are listed in DOT Regulations 17 NYCRR Part 723 These regulations exempt hours spent on non driving employment from these regulations for school bus drivers They do not exempt driving employment What this means is that if a school bus driver has a second job that includes driving such as driving motorcoach trips on the weekend those hours must all be counted together to determine if a person is eligible to drive on a given day 1 Jptional Unit 7 4 l i TE rnat eECNOR r rolecHons YOU ARE EXPOSED TO ILLNESS Wash your hands frequently Sing the alphabet song Sneeze or cough into the crook of your arm Assume exposure Child throws up use a trash can with a plastic bag liner Never put your hands where you can t see Pre Service Course Slide 7 4 1 Anyone working around children is exposed to illness so constant awareness is key Wash your hands frequently and well The recommendation is to wash your hands for 20 seconds or as long as it takes you to sing the abc s a k a the Alphabet Song Sneeze or cough into the crook of your arm not your hands Always assume that the child or fluids that you are touching are infected If a child is nauseous on your bus use a trash can with a plastic bag liner Never put your hands where you can t see Used needles or other infected items can be in trash cans or stu
96. ld become a he said she said situation a few days later and there is no documentation Always keep students including apparently uninjured students at the scene until help arrives Students should only leave with emergency medical personnel Try to persuade parents not to take their children before your Supervisor arrives Even after a minor incident calming children can be a challenge What seems minor at first may be more serious Children can panic if they think someone is hurt Children pick up quickly on adult emotions reassure them that everything is OK even if you re not sure it is 75 ini Unit 5 1 Sane PROTECT THE SCENE den NORK WITH OFFICIALS Use 4 way hazard flashers and strobe Place reflectors as soon as possible Do not move bus unless it is immediate danger Cooperate with emergency responders Only talk to police Seating chart and emergency information e Pre Service Course Slide 5 1 3 4 A disabled bus could be struck by another vehicle Use 4 way hazard flashers and strobe light to alert motorists Place reflectors as soon as possible Do not move bus unless it is immediate danger Cooperate with emergency responders let them do their jobs Only talk to police or emergency responders at the scene Do not discuss or admit guilt Provide them with an accurate seating chart and any emergency student information for students with special needs 76 Core Unit 5 2
97. lso be one within reach of the bus monitor Practice cutting old belts with a seat belt cutter Fire blanket for dragging a passenger or smothering a fire Manual operation of lift there are many different designs learn how yours works all are too slow for most real emergencies Ask a mechanic to show you how to operate a WC lift manually 16 Optional Unit 12 4 Leaching l ONCE FLS EVACUATION PLANNING PRE SCHOOL RUN P RACT C E N e ee Draw seating plan of a current bus showing SGA Lo a each child With your trainer decide on a realistic evacuation plan for both scenarios Use the Evacuation Plan form in your manual to write down your plan Fira af Raar of Bus DERE nAn Pre Service Course Slide 12 5 5 On a blackboard sketch out the seating plan of a current pre school route in your operation With your trainer decide on a realistic evacuation plan for both scenarios Use the Pre School Run Evacuation Plan form in your manual to write down the plan you come up with 17 Oi UT ow Se nmoao o7m OPTIONAL UNIT 11 REVIEW T or F Wheelchair designs have changed little over the years Which are suitable securement points on a hospital style WC a Foot peg or arm rest b Welded joint an the frame c Folding cross members d Wheel Fold Unfold and Raise Lower T or F If D rings are present use them T or F Ride the lift along with the passenger WC lifts opera
98. mportant job PRE SERVICE CORE UNIT 1 YOUR KEY RESPONSIBILITIES AS A SCHOOL BUS DRIVER Pre Service Course Slide 1 W Core Unit 1 1 i STUDENT SAFETY IS THE PRIORITY x n es No matter what happens your main responsibility is always protecting the students on your bus or in the process of getting on or off Pre Service Course Slide 1 1 1 The pre service is going to cover a lot of topics but the core priority is Safety DEFENSIVE DRIVING Be a Defensive Driver at all times Predict other motorist actions Tune out students Adjust to conditions Make Safety Judgments Pre Service Course Slide 1 1 3 4 It is your responsibility to drive defensively at all times This means doing everything you can to avoid accidents in spite of the unsafe actions of other motorists and roadway users You must tune out on board distractions You must adjust your speed for weather and road conditions No training course can cover every scenario student safety often depends on the bus driver s sound safety judgment As a school bus driver you will be confronted with situations that require quick amp decisive action on your part for instance What should you do if you re running late on a route What should you do if older students just won t cross the road correctly CARE amp CUSTODY OF CHILDREN e You are responsible e In loco parentis e Don t Ignore problems Change a stop
99. mportant to student safety 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 8 Bad habits Trainees aren t blank slates They come to the Pre Service Course with their own driving histories and habits which may be safety positive or not Generalizations should be taken with a grain of salt but school bus driver trainees with previous commercial driving experience truck drivers taxi drivers charter bus drivers etc can be especially challenging Convincing experienced commercial drivers that transporting children is fundamentally different can be a struggle It s an important struggle to win overconfidence is a dangerous trait in a school bus driver Overwhelming The deluge of new information and ideas presented to school bus driver trainees can be overwhelming at first It would be a poor training course if the result was convincing trainees they couldn t handle the job A good instructor adjusts the pace of new information presented throughout the course depending on the mindset and confidence of the trainees Exposing trainees to experienced bus drivers who do it safely every day can be reassuring too Impatience Understandably many trainees will be eager to finally complete all the pre employment requirements and begin transporting students In many cases they won t be paid until then Instructors may need to remind trainees that the material covered in the Pre Service Course 1s essential to their abili
100. n key content and spark discussion and questions from trainees After reviewing slides with trainees instructor should lead a bus tour of several key local hazardous areas 1 e challenging RRX hill intersection or turnaround with the trainees illustrating points covered in class For efficiency the itinerary should be planned out ahead of time A brief stop should be made at each hazard so trainees can personally observe the challenging features and discuss appropriate driving strategies After returning to the classroom instructor should conclude class by going over the review questions orally correcting any misconceptions and clarifying any confusions before class is finished 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 17 TEACHING OPTIONAL UNIT 9 DRIVING SMALL SCHOOL VEHICLES 1 hour Unit 9 Competencies l Trainees will understand the special safety challenges of transporting students in a small school vehicle instead of a full sized school bus Unit 9 Instructional Strategy l Trainees may be provided with a printed copy of Unit 9 of the Pre Service Trainee Manual before class They can review read the unit and answer the review questions at the end of the unit in writing before class They can then bring their copy and the completed review questions to class Before class the instructor should arrange to have several representative examples of small school vehicles used locally 1 e a van school
101. n stopping at RRX in a small school vehicle a Activate 4 ways earlier b Slow down early to create a safety cushion of other vehicles behind you c Tap brake lights d Al the above 2 Tor F A driveway or parking lot off the road is safest for loading or unloading students when driving a small school vehicle without student flashers T or F It s OK to cross students in a vehicle without student flashers Pre Service Course Slide 9 Ra 10 oY aana OPTIONAL UNIT 9 REVIEW cont Which school bus laws do not apply to school vans and cars a 55 mph speed limit b No right on red w students on board c Cannot eat or drink w students on board d AV apply to small school vehicles as well as full sized buses 5 TorF Children 12 amp under cannot sit in the front seat of a school van or car T or F Students riding in small school vehicles must buckle up Tor F Ina small school vehicle seat belts are not sufficient for children under eight They must ride in a child safety restraint such as a car seat Pre Service Course Slide 9 Rb 11 10 a OPTIONAL UNIT 9 REVIEW T or F School vans and cars have the same type of emergency exits as regular school buses Tor F Students riding in small school vehicles are exempt from bus drills cont 10 Which statement about Type A buses is not true a Type A buses have the same
102. nce the modern training program began in the mid 1970s New York s 50 000 school bus drivers have established a safety record almost unimaginable a generation ago New York school buses are the safest in the nation you are joining a select and proud profession 37 PICKING Check master swith UP STUDENTS Check for vehicles CROSSING Activate ambers Procedure Scan the stop area Slow down Universal wait signal Do not pull close to waiting students Universal Secure your bus danger signal Activate red flashers 3 Universal safe Keep foot on brake to ao 10 Open door signal Q Pre Service Course Slide 3 2 1 ee approaching a bus stop in the morning Check the status of your master switch Check on vehicles behind you Activate amber pre warning flashers early enough that motorists can react Safely Scan the Surround area as the stop comes into view Slow down before you get to the stop Check again on other vehicles in the vicinity Do not pull right next to waiting students Secure your bus as soon as you stop with Parking Spring brake Open or crack the door to activate red student flashers double check that flashers are on Keep foot lightly on service brake pedal Give universal wait signal to students Keep other hand over horn ready to sound universal danger signal If all is safe give universal safe to cross signal to waiting students 38 P
103. nd pets can all be present and must be accounted for Traffic in a central village can be heavy at times especially in the morning Lack of traffic control devices adds to peak traffic delays Optional Unit 8 2 Animals DE ER DANGERS Sunup and sundown Resist swerving Scan road edges Know likely crossings Heed Deer Crossing signs See 1 deer Expect more Pre Service Course Slide 8 2 1 2 Collisions with deer are the most common serious animal collisions although the occasional cattle moose or bear finds its way onto the road Deer are even showing up in urban areas Most likely when deer are on the move at sunup and sundown Deer can cause serious damage even to a bus Resist the urge to swerve to avoid the deer Swerving a bus to miss an animal can result in a rollover and student injuries Scan the edge of the road ahead for animal profiles or eyes Know where animals are likely to cross the road on your route Take deer crossing signs seriously If you see one deer expect more A second third fourth or more may be following the first one you see Optional Unit 8 3 fighway Driving HIGH SPEED HIGHWAYS and BIG TRUCKS 55 mph it s the law Don t try to Keep up with traffic e Watch speed on exit entrance ramps Construction zones Cautious of trucks e Middle loading proper seating BAN Watch for spray fat i Pre Service Course Slide 8 3 1 2 55 mph is the maximum fo
104. nd the slides Unit identification and numbering on the slides is in the upper left corner The upper right corner of the slides is the individual topic covered in that particular slide in this sample Video The specific subsection of the slide is listed in the bottom right corner of the slide e g 4 5 1 If there are multiple slides for one section a letter is added so it would be 4 5 1a and 4 5 1b etc Each unit s opening slide is numbered with a W welcome 1W 2W etc Review slides at the end of each unit are indicated by R IR etc Slides also include a simple visual ID in the lower left corner consisting of one two or ee a PEE three circles for the core units One yellow equipped with video e e e o e SYSMISS circle represents a title or transitional slide two T Their presence can bea green circles represent a content slide and three deterrent red circles represent a review slide For the Video documentation f 1 f kecid 1 d with protects bus drivers if optional units the circles are replaced wit you take safety seriously squares there s nothing to fear 20 Pre Service Course Slide 2 13 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 11 The last paragraph or bullet on each slide is indicated by an asterisk This alerts the instructor that the next click will bring a new slide and topic USE OF REVIEW QUESTIONS During class the instructor
105. nforeseen situation Drive defensively at all times Stay focused on safe driving in spite of distractions Carefully inspect every vehicle drive every day to make sure it s safe before transporting students Account for every child assigned to my bus Conduct myself in a mature and professional manner at all times in matters of language appearance amp hygiene cleanliness of the bus amp emotional self control Be reliable amp punctual Be honest amp promptly report any incident accident problem or mistake Treat student and family information as confidential Arrive for work physically amp mentally prepared for my responsibilities Demonstrate flexibility regarding route changes amp vehicle assignments Treat children parents school personnel amp co workers with tolerance compassion civility amp respect regardless of background Know amp comply with all federal state amp local school bus laws regulations recommendations amp policies WILL NOT Knowingly ignore any situation that could place a child at risk Change a route or bus stop without authorization Attempt to transport students when impaired by drugs alcohol personal medication or fatigue 15 CORE UNIT 1 REVIEW 1 No matter what happens your main priority as a school bus driver is To be be treated as a i professional you must act like a Tor F Some medications are unsafe to use while driving a scho
106. ng the evacuation tell students exactly where to gather once they re off the bus Students must stay together young students should hold hands Make an accurate passenger list as soon as possible Don t forget about using the regular passenger door for evacuation Four factors to consider Distance of exit from the danger Is the path to the exit clear Will the exit open Are there hazards outside the exit 83 Core Unit 5 5 alicia SAFEST WAY TO GO OUT EMERGENCY EXITS Students and drivers can be injured Sit and slide out emergency doors Use spotters DON T allow jumping Feet first face down out emergency windows DO Pre Service Course Slide 5 5 3 4 Students and drivers can be hurt if they don t go out exits correctly Sit and slide out emergency doors Use spotters and DON T allow jumping Exit Feet first face down out emergency windows Photo is the Maine Endwell CSD Transportation Association s Safe Bus 84 CORE UNIT 5 REVIEW What are 3 ways to 5 What should you do if an protect the bus if you ve electric wire comes in had an accident contact with your bus Identify 3 early warning Tor F Always signs of a possible evacuate students in a mechanical problem school bus emergency What should you say What s the safest way to over the radio if you ve go out a rear emergency had an accident door T or F School buses cannot catch fire
107. nherent challenges of transporting pre school aged children Trainees will understand how to manage the behavior of pre school children Trainees will know how to properly secure a child safety restraint in a bus Trainees will know how to create a realistic evacuation plan for a pre school bus run Unit 12 Instructional Strategy k Trainees may be provided with a printed copy of Unit 12 of the Pre Service Trainee Manual before class They can review read the unit and answer the review questions at the end of the unit in writing before class They can then bring their copy and the completed review questions to class Before class the instructor should arrange to have a representative bus parked near the classroom Representative examples of child safety restraint systems used locally should be present In class the instructor should review the slides with the trainees using the bullet points summarized on the slides to explain key content and spark discussion and questions from trainees The instructor may wish to bring a guest expert about child safety restraints to the class to participate in the discussion and demonstration A local NHTSA certified child safety restraint technician who is familiar with school bus child restraint issues would be ideal After reviewing slides with trainees instructor bring the class outside to the representative bus parked nearby The instructor should then proceed to demonstrate how to secure a child
108. number of emergency exits as big buses b Type A buses can have challenging blind spots c Controls amp switches can be located in unusual places in Type A buses d Type A buses have a left side driver door Pre Service Course Slide 9 Rc 12 PRE SERVICE OPTIONAL UNIT 10 SCHOOL BUS PRE TRIP AND POST TRIP INSPECTIONS Pre Service Course Slide 9 W Optional Unit 10 1 on WHY PRE TRIPS ARE IMPORTANT Pre trip inspection purpose is student safety NYS school buses are very safe vehicles NYS DOT inspects every school bus twice a year Mechanical problems still occur School bus drivers are first line of defense Bi Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 1 2 Pre trips are required by law but the most important reason for doing a quality pre trip inspection of your bus is student safety School buses are safe vehicles and NYS mechanics do a terrific job at keeping them safe few accidents are caused by mechanical failure today NYS DOT inspects every school bus twice a year the slightest mechanical problem could decertify that bus Mechanical problems still occur school buses are complicated machines and machines break down Because school bus drivers handle the vehicle every day they are the front line of defense to keep school buses running strong Optional Unit 10 1 I f ofi nih ats ji Aiii ii M TL Driver x Pre Trip Inspe F J COMMON MECHANICAL FAILURES What two characteristics do each of
109. oad Pre Service Course Slide 8 8 2 6 Blizzard conditions create whiteouts Learn the areas of your district most susceptible to fog Fog is very dangerous for school buses especially at bus stops Start to slow and engage amber lights early at stops Do not use your highbeams light reflects back amp it s even harder to see Activate 4 way flashers amp strobe light If visibility is zero get off the road to a safe spot never stop in the roadway 19 oe n Da HEAVY RAIN HIGH WINDS LOCHU Fediner Awareness Hydroplaning Slow down Know where water puddles Know where flooding happens Dont cross a flooded road Plan alternate routes Wind downs trees and wires Wind pushes buses off track Caution on bridges and open roads Bi Pre Service Course Slide 8 8 4 5 Beware of hydroplaning losing contact with the road surface when there are puddles in the road during or after a heavy rain Learn which stretches of roadway are most prone to standing water School buses can hydroplane just like cars To prevent hydroplaning slow down Lowlying areas may be prone to flooding after a heavy rain or a coastal hurricane learn where it s happened in the past and have alternate routes planned Don t try to cross a flooded road even if the water looks shallow The force of flowing water is immense Trees and wires may come down in high winds Large vehicles such as school
110. ol bus 4 Which statement below is not true a You can drive bus at 6 a m if you returned from a trip at 11 p m the night before b You cant drive more than 10 hours a day c You cant be on duty more than 15 hours day d Driving school bus while fatigued is dangerous Pre Service Course Slide 1 Ra Have your drivers work on the review questions at the end of the unit for 5 10 minutes then use these slides to make sure everyone knows the right answers 1 Safety 2 Professional 3 T 4 a oo et moana CORE UNIT 1 REVIEW cont 5 Which actions are unacceptable a Hitting the brakes hara to make students sit down b Making fun of a students family or home c Pushing a child into the seat d AN the above T or F Tolerance for people s differences is a job requirement in today s world Which statement about laws is not true a Jt fis your responsibility to know and follow school bus laws amp regs b Local policies can be stricter than state laws c Laws seldom change d Schoo buses are governed by both state amp federal agencies T or F NYS school bus drivers are closely monitored Pre Service Course Slide 1 Rb 17 PRE SERVICE CORE UNIT 2 STUDENT MANAGEMENT Pre Service Course Slide 2 W A POSITIVE APPROACH USUALLY WORKS BEST Smile be positive Get to know students names and interests Prioritize safety Catch them being
111. on the bus on the highway 17 TRUE or FALSE Secure your bus at every bus stop ao Ff amp 18 What is the universal danger signal and what does it mean a Flash lights child should freeze in the road b Honk horn child should freeze in the roadway c Wave your hands and yell child should run d Honk horn child should immediately return to the side of the road he she started from 19 What s the most important purpose of crossover mirrors a To locate a child you know you ve lost track of b To check for children you didn t know you d lost track of c To check for cars pulling next to you on the road d To check your flashers during the pre trip 20 What should you do if you feel a bus stop is unusually hazardous or you come up with an idea for improving safety on your route a Make the change on your own b Discuss it with your supervisor c Routes cannot be changed during the year d None of the above 21 What s the most important reason students should stay out of the rear seats when possible You can t hear what they re saying Takes longer to get off the bus at their bus stops More exposed to injury in certain accidents Rear seats are just as safe as any other seats Ooo fF amp 22 Which statement below is not true a Most disabled children ride regular school buses b Most bus drivers transport disabled children c Transporting children
112. oom temperature seating and audiovisual elements should be checked out ahead of time Trainees should be seated at tables so they can spread out their manuals and take notes USE OF THE PRE SERVICE TRAINEE MANUAL All trainees should be given their own personal copies of the Pre Service Trainee Manual The five Core Units should be provided to all trainees optional units can be provided if you wish The Manual can continue to serve as a resource once the trainee begins transporting students OPTIONAL ACTIVITY Distribute the manual before class Trainees can read the manual before class and complete the review questions at the end of each Unit They should then bring their manuals to class The instructor will walk through the Manual during class using the corresponding slides as talking points to keep the discussion on track USE OF THE SLIDES Pre Service Course slides may be projected onto a screen or printed and used in hard copy The Pre Service slides are intentionally simple Their purpose is to provide talking points to guide discussion as the instructor walks through the topics of the Pre Service Manual Instructor notes are provided to support the key words and phrases on the slides Slides correspond closely with the material in the Manual following the same sequence and utilizing the same numbering system See sample slide below For instance Core Unit 2 2 is Handling Persistent Behavior Problems in both the Manual a
113. osion Hazard Data Flash Point Method Used Flammable Limits LEL UEL Extinguishing Media Special Fire Fighting Procedures Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards Section V Reactivity Data Stability Unstable Conditions to Avoid Stable Incompatibility Materials to Avoid Hazardous Decomposition or Byproducts Hazardous Polymerization May Occur Conditions to Avoid Will Not Occur Section VI Health Hazard Data Route s of Entry Inhalation Skin Ingestion Health Hazards Acute and Chronic Carcinogenicity NTP IARC Monographs OSHA Regulated Signs and Symptoms of Exposure Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure Emergency and First Aid Procedures Section VII Precautions for Safe Handling and Use Steps to Be Taken in Case Material is Released or Spilled Waste Disposal Method Precautions to Be taken in Handling and Storing Other Precautions 15 Ripon Hamed Lite ened _ RESPONSIBILITY TO REPORT HAZARDS You must report vehicle defects you discover Mechanical problems must be corrected You cannot be required to drive an unsafe bus You cannot be penalized for reporting a safety concern Pre Service Course Slide 7 6 1 You must report vehicle defects you discover Mechanical problems must be corrected before transporting students You cannot be required to drive an unsafe bus You cannot be penalized for reporting a safety concern Federal whistleblower protection provides you the opportunity to
114. ours a day e On duty means still responsible for the bus even if you re not driving ALCOHOL DRUGS amp PERSONAL MEDICATIONS e Drugs Alcohol and buses don t mix 6 hours alcohol free Random testing Refused test positive Personal vehicle DWI counts Personal medications read the label Pre Service Course Slide 1 3 3 4 It s against the law to drive school bus under the influence of alcohol or drugs would you want it any other way You must be free of alcohol at least 6 hours before going on duty You are subject to drug and alcohol testing whenever you are on duty e Refusing a test is considered a positive test e You are not permitted to drink large amounts of any liquid prior to a test A DWI or DWAI in your personal vehicle or a criminal conviction for drug possession or sale could also affect your ability to drive bus Some personal medications can impair your ability to drive and should not be taken while driving a school bus Read the warning label carefully Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice 10 Core Unit 1 4 ye Ju SELF CONTROL Children can be great and difficult Be the adult NEVER Hit grab Curse scream Brake to punish Put off a child OQ Pre Service Course Slide 1 4 1 Driving the vehicle is often not the hardest part of the job Working with children can be gratifying but it can be frustrating too You must always take the adult role
115. ourse Slide 7 1 3 e Lead a discussion of the types of stressors drivers experience and how they can affect work performance especially safety Optional Unit 7 1 Handling the Stress YO U oji he Job ARE IMPORTANT Attend to your physical being Watch your driving posture Walk Have a hobby Reach out to positive people Get to know successful bus drivers Pre Service Course Slide 7 1 4 Optional Unit 7 2 i TEF i pI li agter pre ffeil LJe BUS YARDS DANGERS Many vehicles Mechanics on buses moving Fueling fire dangers Buses backing Pinch points Employees walking Children around Yard too small Snow plows Inadequate lighting Exhaust fumes Drivers doing pre trips e Trip fall hazards aw fi Pre Service Course Slide 7 2 1 Many vehicles moving around the yard at same time Buses backing beepers become background noise and are ignored Employees walking between cars and office and buses Yard too small Inadequate lighting Drivers doing pre trips Are there trip fall hazards from poor yard surfaces Mechanics working on or moving buses how do mechanics indicate that a bus is being worked on so it doesn t get pulled out Fire dangers while fueling and congestion at fuel station at times Children around Do bus staff children come into the lot or children walking through lot on the way to school Snow plows create seasonal dangers Exhaust fumes are a know carcinogen Idling m
116. ove wire on your own e If the bus must be evacuated wire and fire you must jump from the bus to the ground or throw children to someone outside the bus never touching the bus and the ground at the same time Sl MAKING THE EVACUATION DECISION e NOT always the best response e Evacuation is dangerous Factors to consider e Possible fire or second collision e Ability of students to safely evacuate e Safety of area where students would gather oy Pre Service Course Slide 5 5 1 Evacuation is NOT always the best response to an emergency because children can stray away once outside the bus Evacuation is dangerous itself Children can be injured using emergency exits Factors to consider Is fire or second collision a possibility What is the ability of students to safely evacuate Hoe safe is the area where students would gather 82 Core Unit 5 5 iii DETERMINE AND COMMUNICATE THE BEST EXIT e You decide evacuation plan e Communicate confidently e Identify gathering place e Young children hold hands Four factors to consider e Distance of exit from the danger e Is the path to the exit clear e Will the exit open e Hazards outside the exit Pre Service Course Slide 5 5 2 IF evacuation is called for it is YOUR responsibility to direct students to the best exit for the specific emergency you are dealing with Communicate your evacuation decision confidently to your students Before beginni
117. owed c In the morning pick up children before series up In the afternoon drop off children after backing up DO Pre Service Course Slide 3 4 3 Turnarounds must be approved by a supervisor Most turnarounds require backing Backing is dangerous honk before you start backing always back slowly and use a spotter from inside the bus whenever possible Watch for hazards like the leaf pile in this cul de sac Be especially careful in winter snow can make it hard to know where the turnaround ends If you re not sure about a turnaround after a snow storm contact base by radio the local highway department may be able to clear it out Turnarounds at or near bus stops require special caution If your route requires you to back up at or near a bus stop always follow this procedure e Inthe morning pick up waiting children before backing up e n the afternoon drop off children after backing up 47 es SAFETY CUSHION ae MIDDLE LOADING e Whenever possible keep students out of the rear seats of your bus A safety cushion is especially important on high speed roads Pre Service Course Slide 3 4 4 Whenever possible keep students out of the rear seats of your bus use the last row only when other seats are filled Passengers in the rear seats are more exposed to injury if your bus is struck from the rear A safety cushion is especially important on high speed roads shared by trucks 48 CORE UN
118. r drivers are given access by IDEA to information about students with disabilities that they need to safely transport each child AND are to receive training specific to the needs of the children they transport 55 Core Unit 4 1 Most School Buses Transport Children KEY RO LE O F PRET Sat TRANSPORTATION Transport but how Buses equipment and training needed Specialized equipment became mainstream Incredible drivers and attendants Never easy always rewarding 195 amp Q Pre Service Course Slide 4 1 3 Transporting children with disabilities created new challenges for school districts One of the key barriers to educating all children was getting them to and from school the necessary equipment to transport many children with disabilities did not exist Skill training did not exist either The 1977 Basic Course was the first training in New York for transporting students with special needs The success of IDEA has always depended on resourceful caring school bus drivers amp attendants Transporting children with special needs will never be simple or easy 56 Core Unit 4 2 hile ire H ith Special EVE RY C H LD Hee ewes IS UNIQUE A child with a disability is a Sey child not a disability Every child is a unique individual All children have hopes and fears Disability categories are umbrellas Attitudes can disable i Pre Service Course Slide 4 2 1a A chil
119. r school buses with student passengers it s a law for New York State school buses no matter what state they are driving in Compute travel times accordingly inform coaches chaperones Keeping up with the flow of traffic is not safer Crash forces at 65 mph are 40 higher than those at 55 mph School buses are not designed for high speed maneuvering Watch your speed on on ramps and off ramps posted speeds are for cars not buses Slow down at toll booths and EZ Pass lanes Take extra caution in construction zones especially when lanes are narrowed and workers are present Strictly observe construction zone speed limits Most truck drivers are safety conscious but if you re being pushed by a truck behind you pull over in a safe place and let it pass Keep students out of rear seats and properly seated High speed crashes make middle loading especially important School bus seats are designed to hold the student in the compartment but if they are standing up or leaning into the aisle they are not protected Be prepared for slush snow thrown from a passing truck l ptional Urii 3 F mh a e tae ET TTT Ly Algnway LATIVing LONG HIGHWAY TRIPS Get rested Adjust vehicle for you Explain emergency procedures Minimum 2 hour rest stops Avoid distracting conversations Work with trip leader Avoid tight convoys Breakdown 4 ways reflectors protect children Pre Service Course Slide 8 3 3 4
120. rst schedule second e Some drivers love being a sub but it can be challenging e There s an art to controlling students as a substitute driver Make a point of interacting with every child even for just a moment or two e Put on your game face e Always study the route sheet carefully before leaving the bus yard e Ask another driver who s familiar with the route to go over the route sheet with you before you leave e If you need to check it again during the route do it while stopped never read while driving e Be prepared for the unexpected you may encounter inaccuracies on the route sheet e If you get lost on a route don t be embarrassed ask base for guidance by radio e Never be in a rush subs should be the most cautious drivers in the fleet e If you miss a child s stop never back up 29 FINDING THE RIGHT STUDENT TO HELP YOU Students can help Knows the run rides most of the way and speaks clearly Pick a single child Tell the child to let you know before you get to the next stop oy Pre Service Course Slide 2 4 3 Students can be a huge help when driving an unfamiliar run You need someone who knows the run well rides most of the way and speaks clearly Older students are usually best but even a younger child can help if you find the right one Pick a single child to give directions it s confusing if several call out advice at once Tell the child to let you know before you
121. safety restraint in the bus After the demonstration every trainee should be required to secure the restraint while being closely monitored by the instructor After the restraint exercise is finished the instructor should bring the class back to the classroom for a brief practice session about cutting seat belts Instructor should demonstrate the technique and then let each trainee cut a belt Enough seat belt cutters and used belts should be provided so all trainees can practice the technique Instructor should then review the evacuation planning slides with the class following them with a practice evacuation planning exercise based on a current pre school run in the local operation or area Trainees should write the plan decided upon by the class in their manuals 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 22 7 Instructor should conclude class by going over the review questions orally correcting any misconceptions and clarifying any confusions before class is finished 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 23 Trainee Name print Trainee Signature Employer Date of Exam New York State Education Department SCHOOL BUS DRIVER PRE SERVICE COURSE FINAL EXAM Instructions Circle the best answer to each question Use a pen Complete both sides Turn the completed test in to your Pre Service Course instructor K ok ok 1 Complete the following sentence Your main priority as a school bus driver is
122. should be inside the wheel path front straps should be outside Select securement points on the WC a designated D ring on a transit chair or near a welded joint on the main frame of an older hospital type chair Optional Unit 11 3 Typical securement strap unit insert it in a floor mount Rear straps should be inside the wheel path SECURE THE WC cont Don t attach straps to removable components cross members or wheels 30 60 angle to the floor At least 4 straps should be used Release brakes and tighten Straps until chair won t move Re set brakes If you have an attendant check each other s work Pre Service Course Slide 11 3 2b On older chairs don t attach straps to removable components such as arm rests foot pegs or hand grips to folding cross members of the frame or to wheels Straps should be 30 60 degrees angle to the floor At least 4 straps should be used more for power chairs Release WC brakes and tighten straps until chair won t move on the floor Reset brakes If you have an attendant work as a team there s no room for error carefully double check each other s work 10 rane ri 11 3 SECU RI NG TH E PASSENGER Secure the passenger after WC is secured floor Lap shoulder belts are required Hook up the lap belt first then the shoulder belt Remove and secure hard lap trays if you can Be considerate and i sensitive as you hook up belts
123. sign is strong and meets this new standard Optional Unit 11 1 spss TILT IN SPACE and POWER WHEELCHAIRS 7 e Chair and passenger can be 300 Ibs seer e Can be difficult to secure Oae May need additional rear straps e Learn how to operate the joystick e Adjustable passenger frames e Backrest within 30 of vertical e Identify main chair frame from tilttable passenger seat portion Bi Pre Service Course Slide 11 1 3 4 Battery powered chairs provide independence for the user Chair and passenger can weigh several hundred pounds Can be difficult to secure 2 additional rear securement straps may be needed Learn how to operate the joystick child will probably be proud to show you Adjustable passenger frames accommodate medical amp physical needs of child Should ride with backrest within 30 degrees of the vertical further back may require repositioning of shoulder belt anchor point so belt still crosses child s shoulder Tilt in space chairs can be tricky to secure learn to distinguish main chair frame from tiltable passenger seat portion Optional Unit 11 gt TET OPERATION and DANGERS e Pull off the road if possible e Stop so lift is over a safe level area Wheelchair lifts operate in two stages 1 Folding unfolding 2 Raising lowering Powerful machinery dangers include e Hand caught mechanism EA Foot crushed by the lift platform Dadar e Long hair or drawstrings caught in lift Bi
124. sing through an intersection Move in your seat in order to see around view obstructions caused by bus design as well as objects outside the bus T F F No road spray and icicles hanging from signs and guardrails 23 PRE SERVICE OPTIONAL UNIT 9 DRIVING SMALL SCHOOL VEHICLES Pre Service Course Slide 9 W Optional Unit 9 1 Unique Challenges Vi ne S RR VI S IBILITY CONCERNS Mei ving Nite i Se He Ol ery Motorists don t expect a van or school car to stop at a railroad crossing e Activate 4 way flashers earlier tap brake lights and slow down early to gather vehicles behind you Bi Pre Service Course Slide 9 1 1 Many motorists don t expect a van or school car to stop at a railroad crossing the danger of a rear end collision must be taken seriously Activate 4 way flashers earlier tap brake lights and slow down early to gather a cushion of other vehicles behind you as you make the stop at the tracks aan PICK UP amp CONCERNS e Other motorists won t know e Pick up and drop off children off the roadway whenever possible e Never cross a student without student flashers a fa Pre Service Course Slide 9 1 2 Other motorist will not realize that children will be getting in and out of your vehicle All typical bus stop dangers remain siblings pets drivers on cell phones etc When driving a van or school car pick up and drop off children off the roa
125. ster 4 Which of the following actions are unacceptable for a school bus driver a Hitting the brakes hard so students sit down b Making fun of a student s family or house c Pushing a misbehaving student into his seat d All of the above actions are unacceptable 5 TRUE or FALSE School bus drivers in New York State are subject to random drug and alcohol testing while on duty as well as continuous monitoring of their driving and criminal record both on and off the Job 6 Which of the following statements are true a Children don t like an out of control bus any more than adults do b All children deserve a safe bus ride c Positive relationships with students are the key to safe behavior d All of the above 7 TRUE or FALSE Squabbles over where to sit are a common cause of behavior problems 8 TRUE or FALSE Like adults children need to understand the why s behind rules 9 TRUE or FALSE Use referrals sparingly for violations of key safety rules 10 TRUE or FALSE Even if a child misbehaves never put the child off the bus during the route 11 What s the most dangerous piece of equipment on your bus a Fire extinguisher b Internal mirror above the driver c Bumpers d Fuel tank 12 TRUE or FALSE Making fun of a child in front of others usually improves behavior 13 Which statement about bullying is not true Most bull
126. structor SBDD or another trainer acting under the general supervision of an SBDI In the latter case the supervising SBDI should be familiar with the trainer s ability to provide effective safety instruction and should be accessible to provide guidance about any aspect of the curriculum PREPARING TO TEACH The fundamental core of the Pre service course is the trainee manual In order to teach the course the instructor must become intimately familiar with its contents Do not count on the PowerPoint slides to guide you through teaching this course without having bothered to read and digest the manual If you have any questions about the content seek clarification from an SBDI Master Instructor or the appropriate governmental agency It is vital that new drivers receive the practices policies requirements and procedures established by the state in correct form Any misinformation provided to a driver in the pre service will stay with that driver throughout their career THINKING ABOUT THE PRE SERVICE LEARNER Pre service training poses several unique challenges and opportunities for instructors Diversity of trainees While it varies somewhat from region to region and is influenced by the economic climate the job of driving school bus has always drawn individuals from a surprisingly wide variety of backgrounds It would be difficult to overstate the diversity of life experiences and work histories a trainer will encounter when working
127. students off the bus Pre Service Course Slide 5 4 1 3 They occur more often than is commonly thought There are many possible causes including electrical fuel tires and vandalism Buses CAN burn very quickly the bus can fill with toxic smoke in two minutes or less Evacuate quickly if there s any indication of fire Fire extinguishers are too small to put out most bus fires Bus driver s priority is ALWAYS to get students off the bus quickly and safely Always protect students before property 80 FIRE AND WIRE SCENARIOS Front engine fire Wire on Bus e Smoke and flames under dash Wind ice e May lose power storms DO keep e Evacuate to rear door everyone on Crash fire at rear of bus board e Other vehicle may catch fire DO NOT try to e Spilled fuel increases danger remove wire on e Move bus away from the danger your own e Evacuate to front door D Pre Service Course Slide 5 4 2 4 Front engine fire e Smoke and flames may emerge near driver e The bus may lose electrical power and or vehicle controls e Evacuate from rear door Crash fire at rear of bus e Other vehicle may catch fire even if little damage to bus e Spilled fuel can increase danger e It may be possible to move bus away from the danger e Evacuate from front door Wire on Bus e Not uncommon e Are caused by low hanging or fallen wires in wind ice storms e DO keep everyone on board call base or 911 e DO NOT try to rem
128. t or Evacuate others as a search a last resort student Be alert for signs ofa Use weapon weapon Other students may try adio code to let you know a Maintain a student has a weapon dialogue D Pre Service Course Slide 2 3 3b Stepping between older students in a serious fight is dangerous Focus your efforts on the student who is getting the worst of it he or she may be more willing to back off Evacuate other students only as a last resort evacuation can be risky The possibility of a weapon must be taken seriously Be alert for signs of a student trying to hide something Listen to your students they may try to let you know a student has a weapon Don t confront or search a student you suspect of having a weapon Some schools have a pre arranged code for suspected weapon ask your Supervisor If a weapon is displayed your main goal is protecting the other students Keep up a dialogue with a student threatening to use a weapon 28 SUB DRIVER THE TOUGHEST JOB Safety 15t schedule 2 Interact with every child Put on your game face Study the route sheet first never read it while driving Be prepared for the unexpected Got lost Ask for help Be overcautious Missed stop Never back up amp OQ Pre Service Course Slide 2 4 1 2 Being a sub can be a tough job but it can also be rewarding You Know you got the children home just as safely as the regular driver e Remember Safety fi
129. te in 2 stages what are they T or F On school buses passengers using wheelchairs must face sideways Pre Service Course Slide 11 Ra 18 mast AT 4 OPTIONAL UNIT 11 REVIEW cont 7 Tor F Use student 10 What s the minimum flashers when loading or number of securement unloading a passenger straps needed using a wheelchair 11 T or F Route the lap 8 Tor F It s the belt as close to the attendant s responsibility passenger s body as to secure the WC not the possible driver s 12 T or F Lap shoulder 9 Tor F Securement belts are optional for straps should be at a 30 children in wheelchairs 60 degree angle to the floor BeBe Pre Service Course Slide 11 Rb 19 OPTIONAL UNIT 11 REVIEW cont 13 Which statements are true a Always conduct a safety check of WC securement before moving the bus b Jf you have an attendant conduct the safety check together c Most WC spills occur during the run not right at the bus stop d AV statements are true 14 T or F Jackrabbit starts and abrupt stops are dangerous when transporting fragile children T or F The most effective way to cut a belt is at an angle with the belt pulled tight Pre Service Course Slide 11 Re 20 PRE SERVICE OPTIONAL UNIT 12 TRANSPORTING PRESCHOOL STUDENTS Pre Service Course Slide 12 W sees nee PRESCHOOLERS ARE j pajo i e Li Et L 5 j T LPE f L j T f
130. teach them The number of personal life histories of children with disabilities whose parents were told to institutionalize them as infants or toddlers who turned out to in fact be intelligent college graduates and professionals is far too long to list 58 GENERAL DISABILITY CATEGORIES The New York State Education Department defines 13 types of disabilities that can be grouped into 3 general categories 1 Physical disabilities 2 Mental disabilities 3 Emotional disabilities oy Pre Service Course Slide 4 2 2 Every child is different but you should be aware of the typical characteristics of the disabled children you may be working with The New York State Education Department defines 13 types of disabilities eligible for special education services These can be grouped into 3 general categories l Physical disabilities 2 Mental disabilities and 3 Emotional disabilities On the following slides discuss each disability and it s implications effects on transportation 59 TYPES OF PHYSICAL DISABILTIES Orthopedic impairments Deafness Hearing impairment Visual impairment 5 Deaf blind Other health impaired Illnesses Medically fragile ADD ADHD Orthopedic impairments e A physical problem affecting a child s bones muscles joints or tendons e Includes problems caused by birth defects disease amputation or other causes e Children may use mobility devices
131. th the Manual and the slides Unit identification and numbering on the slides is in the upper left corner The upper right corner of the slides is the individual topic covered in that particular slide in this sample Video Each unit s opening slide is numbered with a W welcome IW 2W etc Review slides at the end of each unit are indicated by R 1R etc Slides also include a simple visual ID in the lower left corner consisting of one two or three circles for the core units One yellow circle represents a title or transitional slide two green circles represent a content slide and three red circles represent a review slide For the optional units the circles are replaced with squares The last paragraph or bullet on each slide is indicated by an asterisk The purpose of this course is to prepare you to safely transport school children If anything we discuss in this course is confusing say so at once Asking questions is the sign of a professional You are responsible for learning this important material A final exam is administered at the conclusion of this course Pre Service Course Slide Intro 2 Read this statement to the drivers This is the time that you need to stress the importance and seriousness of the job that they are entering into It s not just the tests it s about students safety Children of their own and their neighbors and relatives This is a very i
132. these mechanical failures have in common Leaking radiator hose Leaking air line Fuel line leak Oil leak Flat tire Broken belt Alternator failure Failed back up alarm Stop arm failure Brake chamber failure Cracked lens E a Loose step tread I Unrepaired each could contribute to an accident or a child being injured 2 Each could have been found by an alert bus driver Loose seat Cut seat Defective exit buzzer Broken roof hatch Missing exit label Jammed seat belt Exhaust leak Cracked spring Electrical short Heater motor failure Blown bulb Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 3 Help drivers to see how almost any defect is a safety defect Optional Unit 10 1 Projessional School Bus WOUR CDL IS ONLY So A STARTING POINT Protect Yourself on the Bus e Shoes w good tread Hanging drawstrings or jewelry Buses moving in the yard Sharp edges on the stop arm Don t fall out the emergency door Don t let hood slam down on you Pre Service Course Slide 10 1 4 5 The vehicle inspection you were required to demonstrate to pass your CDL road test was not a complete professional pre trip Because of time constraints and safety concerns CDL road test pre trips do not include many critical safety items you must check every day once you begin transporting students Wear shoes w good tread avoid slips amp falls Avoid long drawstrings or jewelry that could get caught on bus equipment Be aware of buses
133. ty to transport students safely CLASS SIZE Except in large school districts or bus companies or operations with a high turnover rate Pre Service instructors will often be teaching small groups of trainees or even a single trainee at a time With new school bus drivers in short supply in many areas few operations can risk making prospects wait until there s enough for a larger class New drivers don t come on line every day in most operations Teaching in front of very small groups can be challenging It can be hard to spark or maintain group discussion the engine of many successful training programs With very small groups of trainees an effective instructor balances the need to systematically work through the curriculum with enough informality to make the session feel less like an awkward lecture and more like a conversation Projecting slides onto a screen in a typical classroom format can feel stilted with only one or two trainees in a class and contribute to a gulf between instructor and trainee A more intimate less formal setting for instance simply propping a hard copy of the slides on a table or flipchart close to both instructor and trainees may improve communication With larger groups of trainees more than six a more traditional instructional style is appropriate 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructors Guide p 9 optional letter for use if manual is distributed before class begins LETTER TO TRAINEES
134. u must be able to regain control of your bus without losing control of your temper Children are children adjust your expectations to the child s age and ability Look for ways to redirect young children s energies The best way to get respect from older students is to give it Pick your battles planned ignoring may extinguish a minor problem All children deserve patience don t hold a grudge Don t add to the negativity some children must live with every day ZZ Core Unit 2 2 4 eee f annn ria T Handli Inge Persistent EFFECTIVE WARNINGS Behavior Problems QUIETING A NOISY BUS Loud bus Safe bus Distraction is deadly Stop secure the bus activate 4 ways Maintain composure I just can t drive safely No sarcasm No threats Give them time Pre Service Course Slide 2 2 1a A loud bus makes it hard to drive safely Distraction from using the interior mirror can be deadly Stop in a safe place secure the bus activate 4 ways Maintain composure don t show them you re rattled Calmly explain I just can t drive safely when it s this loud Being sarcastic or angry just fuels the fire Don t make scary threats you can seriously frighten young children amp older students may call your bluff Give them time to calm down don t expect absolute quiet 29 EFFECTIVE WARNINGS DEFIANT STUDENTS Don t be timid Separate troublemakers Never grab or push Explain
135. ual before class They can review read the unit and answer the review questions at the end of the unit in writing before class They can then bring their copy and the completed review questions to class Before class the instructor should arrange to have a representative bus parked near the classroom In class the instructor should review the slides with the trainees using the bullet points summarized on the slides to explain key content and spark discussion and questions from trainees Trainees should refer to their manuals during the review of the model pre trip procedure After reviewing slides with trainees instructor should bring the class outside to the representative bus parked nearby The instructor should then proceed to demonstrate a model pre trip going slow enough that all trainees can see and hear and ask questions as necessary Local policies regarding checking under the hood and other local policy specific aspects of vehicle inspection should be demonstrated After the pre trip is finished the instructor should demonstrate a post trip inspection emphasizing the critical importance of checking carefully for children as well as other post trip responsibilities After returning to the classroom instructor should conclude class by going over the review questions orally correcting any misconceptions and clarifying any confusions before class is finished 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 19 TEACHING
136. uld you do if you feel a bus stop is unusually hazardous or you come up with an idea for improving safety on your route a Make the change on your own b Discuss it with your supervisor c Routes cannot be changed during the year d None of the above 21 What s the most important reason students should stay out of the rear seats when possible You can t hear what they re saying Takes longer to get off the bus at their bus stops More exposed to injury in certain accidents Rear seats are just as safe as any other seats aa Oo amp 22 Which statement below is not true a Most disabled children ride regular school buses b Most bus drivers transport disabled children c Transporting children with disabilities has grown simpler in recent years d A generation ago children with disabilities seldom had a chance to go to school 23 Which statement s below are true a A child with a disability is a child not a disability b Every child disabled or not is an individual with a unique personality c Within every disability category individual children display a wide spectrum of characteristics and behaviors d All statements are true 24 An inability to communicate and interact with others and repetitive movements such as rocking or waving is characteristic of what type of disability a Emotional disturbance b Mental retardation c ADAD d Autism 25 Which statement is
137. unt If you ve lost track of a child err on the side of caution find out where the child is before moving Follow Leaving a Stop directions for Picking up Students see below Carefully scan the surrounding area make sure no one trying to get your attention Apply service brake release parking brake Close the door Carefully check driving and crossover mirrors always Check crossover mirrors last Leave the stop slowly at dead idle speed stay alert for a late child trying to catch the bus Check on students on board only when you re safely away from the stop Don t forget that the school is the most dangerous stop you have Be alert for students running to the bus or to parent cars 42 MIRROR TYPES FMVSS 111 MIRROR ADJUSTMENT School buses have three types of mirror systems Driving mirrors Internal overhead mirror Pedestrian crossover mirrors Pre Service Course Slide 3 3 1 The diagram on the slide shows the placements of 12 columns for mirror systems to meet FMVSS Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 111 43 PROPER ADJUSTMENT OF MIRRORS See children in blind spots Shows area to the front or side of the bus hidden from direct view Adjusted for each driver Ask mechanic for help Check crossovers last at every stop Move in your seat to maximize what you see in the mirrors Pre Service Course Slide 3 3 2 The primary purpose of crossover mirrors is
138. us especially in slippery road conditions Learn how to start up again from a dead stop without rolling back by using your spring brake or parking brake In slippery conditions don t start down or up a hill if you aren t sure you can make it contact base by radio to plan an alternate route 1 Optional Unit 8 5 Railroad Crossi 1g TAKE RRX DANGERS SERIOUSLY 100 s killed each year NYS worst school bus accident was train bus Cross every set of tracks in your district w trainer Discuss dangers and strategies for each Pre Service Course Slide 8 5 1 5 The photo is from the Congers NY bus train collision that killed five students The bus was literally torn in half e Hundreds of motorists are killed every year at railroad crossings e The worst school bus accident in our state s history was the result of a train striking a school bus e With a trainer or an experienced driver go across every set of tracks in your district in a bus e Discuss unusual dangers and specific strategies for each crossing 12 Optional nit 8 5 fe ona pgs ct oe ny ere Rov radd t PONE RRX SAFETY PROCEDURE PREPARE and STOP Check traffic behind e Small vehicles too 4 ways Master switch 15 50 and stop line Tap brakes e Stop in right lane Fans heaters radio Secure your bus students quiet Stop every time except traffic light EXEMPT or police Bi Pre Service Course Slide 8 5 2 3 Know the tr
139. ust be minimized Optional Unit 7 2 BUS YARD DON TS Safety in the Bus Yard Don t walk directly behind parked buses Don t walk while doing something else Don t move bus while distracted in any way No horseplay No unsupervised children Bi Pre Service Course Slide 7 2 2 Optional Unit 7 2 Safety in the Bus Yard S EVEN B U S YARD DO S Stay alert at all times Drive slowly at all times Stay visible in low light Safe footwear Alert others before backing Secure your bus whenever you park it Don t stop your bus behind other buses Pre Service Course Slide 7 2 3 ptional Unit 7 2 BUS YARD Traffic patterns Speed limit Entrance exit procedures Fuel station procedures Maintenance bay procedures Employee parking Bus parking Walking to from buses Unique features 1 2 3 4 5 6 J 8 A Pre Service Course Slide 7 2 4 e Asanew driver it is important to learn the ropes in your organization Understanding the traffic flow the fueling guidelines parking requirements and one ways will help you successfully negotiate this difficult territory Optional h nit scam FATIGU E DANGERS fo Drive a Bus Safely FOR SCHOOL BUS DRIVERS Sleepy driver drunk driver for impairment and fatalities Driving a bus demands alertness Early rising leads to pm fatigue Route hypnosis can strike when you re tired Can t be forced to work sick
140. ut remove students first UNLESS severe weather or other unusual hazards make it safer to keep them on board Transferring students e Activate student flashers and 4 way hazard flashers e Younger students should buddy up to move between buses e Use a Good Samaritan bystander to help direct students e Never allow students to be in either bus without a driver on board 78 Core Unit 5 3 ve CONVEYING CRITICAL INFORMATION e Know radio codes e Speak plainly e Use the word emergency early in your call e Give bus location and type of emergency e Other drivers should clear the air e When stopped cellular allows more secure and detailed communication Pre Service Course Slide 5 3 1 3 Know your operation s emergency radio codes if any Plain speaking is usually best in an emergency Use the word emergency early in your call Give bus location and type of emergency Avoid giving too much information such as student names or injury severity over an open radio frequency Other drivers should clear the air Using a cell phone while driving is dangerous and against the law But in an emergency once the bus Is stopped a cell phone allows more secure and detailed communication 79 SCHOOL BUS FIRES FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Fires happen regularly Buses CAN burn quickly Toxic smoke Evacuate quickly Extinguishers too small to E put out most bus fires Priority is ALWAYS to get
141. vice Course does not address these topics at length The five core topics of the Pre Service Course are Key responsibilities of school bus drivers Student management Bus stop safety Students with special needs Emergency preparedness oS These topics were selected because of their critical importance to new school bus drivers This 2010 edition of the NYSED Pre Service Course replaces the previous NYSED Pre Service Manual first published in 1989 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT NEEDED TO TEACH THE PRE SERVICE CORE Simplicity was a key goal in designing the Core curriculum It is intended to be taught entirely in the classroom and consists primarily of an instructor led point by point review and discussion of the material in the Trainee Manual Optional units include hands on on the bus activities Materials needed to teach the Pre Service Core Pre Service Trainee Manual Core Units 1 5 one manual for each trainee trainees keep their Manuals after the course Pre Service Course Core slides with Instructor Notes see below for suggestions about how to use the slides depending on the size of the class LED projector and screen 1f you will be projecting the slides Pre Service Final Exam one for each trainee 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 7 Pencils and pens for trainees WHO CAN TEACH THE PRE SERVICE The Pre Service Course can be taught by a NYSED certified School Bus Driver In
142. w school bus driver in New York State must complete the core units of the Pre Service Course prior to transporting students 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 4 INSTRUCTOR S GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Credits Introduction Instructors Guide Table of Contents Part One Teaching the Pre Service Core p 6 Overview of the Pre Service Core p 7 Materials and equipment needed to teach the Pre Service Core p 7 Who can teach the Pre Service p 8 Preparing to teach p 8 Thinking about the Pre Service learner p 8 Class size p 9 Optional Letter to trainees p 10 Facility p 11 Use of the Trainee Manual p 11 Use of the slides p 11 Use of review questions p 12 Final Exam p 12 Documentation p 12 Certificate p 12 Part Two Teaching the Optional Units p 13 Overview of the Pre Service optional units p 14 Teaching Optional Unit 6 Drugs and Alcohol and School Bus Safety p 15 Teaching Optional Unit 7 Personal Safety p 16 Teaching Optional Unit 8 Driving the Bus in Your Local Driving Environment p 17 Teaching Optional Unit 9 Driving Small School Vehicles p 18 Teaching Optional Unit 10 Pre Trip and Post Trip Inspections p 19 Teaching Optional Unit 11 Transporting Students Using Wheelchairs p 20 Teaching Optional Unit 12 Transporting Pre School Students p 22 2010 NYSED Pre Service Course Instructor s Guide p 5 PART ONE
143. will use the review questions the same review questions are provided on the slides to lead an oral review of the material just covered in that Unit FINAL EXAM The Final Exam should be administered at the end of the Pre Service Course It is provided as a separate file on the CD Exam questions are drawn directly from the material in the Manual Trainees who have read the Manual completed the review questions and paid attention during class discussion should have no problem with the Final Exam The Final Exam can be administered as a written or oral test Itis recommended that trainees attain a minimum of a 70 grade 21 correct out of 30 exam questions on the Final Trainees who score lower than 70 may need additional instruction to master all the material After all trainees have completed and turned in their exams go over the questions with the whole class Use the review to clarify any confusions and correct all misunderstandings Make sure every trainee knows the correct answer to every question before leaving class Keep completed and graded Final Exams in each trainee s permanent training file DOCUMENTATION Document trainee participation in the Pre Service Course Copies of sign in sheets course certificates and the Final Exams should be maintained in each trainee s permanent training file Documentation indicates compliance with NYSED training requirements and protects both the trainee and the employer CERTIFICATE A
144. with disabilities has grown simpler in recent years d A generation ago children with disabilities seldom had a chance to go to school 23 Which statement s below are true a A child with a disability is a child not a disability b Every child disabled or not is an individual with a unique personality c Within every disability category individual children display a wide spectrum of characteristics and behaviors d All statements are true 24 An inability to communicate and interact with others and repetitive movements such as rocking or waving is characteristic of what type of disability a Emotional disturbance b Mental retardation c ADHD d Autism 25 Which statement is not a typical characteristic of children with emotional disturbance a Behaves normally in normal circumstances b Trouble maintaining friendships with peers c Pervasive unhappiness or depression d Physical symptoms due to personal problems 26 TRUE or FALSE Unnecessarily revealing personal information about students or their families is a violation of state and federal law 27 Which statement s below are true a A thoughtless comment about a child can leave a lasting scar b Sensitivity towards children with disabilities begins with an examination of how we speak c Our society has a long history of savage verbal abuse aimed at the handicapped d All the above statements are true 28 TRUE or FA
145. with new bus driver recruits Class ethnic and cultural backgrounds literacy educational level and fear of the classroom basic grasp of what it means to hold down a job and attitudes towards safety and children are only a few of the more significant variations to be expected Of course veteran school bus drivers are a diverse lot too but having transported children and participated in many trainings they share the underlying common language of school bus safety Instructors in the Pre Service Course must keep constantly in mind the fact that their trainees lack this unifying experience Great care must be taken to patiently explain every term concept scenario and procedure no matter how basic without assuming that the trainees already understand it If working with experienced school bus drivers means refining safety skills and attitudes pre service trainees are the unprocessed raw material Learning window Pre service training is an unrepeatable opportunity to teach school bus drivers critically important safety fundamentals Starting a new job is scary and most new employees want to learn how to do things right It s only human nature that this initial willingness to soak in new information recedes once they re on the job for a while The unique learning window can close Of the four legs of NYSED s school bus safety training program Basic Advanced SBDI and Pre Service the Pre Service Course 1s without question the most i
146. write up consequences Avoid confrontation Use psychology Call for help O Pre Service Course Slide 2 2 10 Don t be timid You are legally responsible for maintaining reasonable behavior on the bus don t let students run the show Separate buddies who won t calm down or students who are arguing If a student refuses to sit where you ask stay calm never grab or push a child Tell defiant students they have a choice comply or be written up Avoid dramatic confrontations that give the defiant student control of the Situation Use psychology not force Extremely defiant students may have to be removed but avoid frequent requests for outside help 24 USING REFERRALS Use for serious or persistent violations Be accurate and objective Give specific details You CANNOT Suspend Video can protect you Pre Service Course Slide 2 2 2 3 Referrals Use referrals sparingly for serious or repeated violations of safety rules Don t use them to report minor problems you could have solved on your own Accuracy is essential don t guess which student did tt When writing a referral be as specific as possible about what the child did when it happened and how it was unsafe Bus drivers cannot suspend students on their own or put them off the bus Suspensions must be authorized by a school administrator Video Systems Many school buses are equipped with video systems Their presence can be a d
147. ying is verbal Bullying is Gust kids being kids Sexual harassment is a form of bullying Bullies are usually clever at what they do 14 TRUE or FALSE Subs should drive even more cautiously than other drivers in the fleet anog 15 Why is the student loading unloading process considered the moment of truth a Three of four fatalities occur at the bus stop b Children are impulsive and unpredictable c All school buses have blind spots where a child could be hidden from direct view d All of the above 16 Statistically when are children most at risk Getting on a bus in the morning Getting off a bus in the afternoon Riding on the bus in a residential neighborhood Riding on the bus on the highway 17 TRUE or FALSE Secure your bus at every bus stop aago 18 What is the universal danger signal and what does it mean a Flash lights child should freeze in the road b Honk horn child should freeze in the roadway c Wave your hands and yell child should run d Honk horn child should immediately return to the side of the road he she started from 19 What s the most important purpose of crossover mirrors a To locate a child you know you ve lost track of b To check for children you didn t know you d lost track of c To check for cars pulling next to you on the road d To check your flashers during the pre trip 20 What sho

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