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HF Series Generators Advanced Service Manual

1. POWER MODULE TS2 K5 BUS A F3 50A LF1 L2 NN CHARGEIDISCHARGE MONITOR 1 BOARD P1 F4 50A 21 22 n INPUT RECTIFIER 50 CHARGE DISCHARGE 224 ea MONITOR 2 BOARD 1 1 ok BUS F14 10 i 17 a ENE A E EE EON N E E DELAYED 424V m pt ee put 184 Pd 19 9 L Illustration 4 CHARGE CIRCUITRY Switch ON key R33 C14 0 2 sec Delayed 24V ST 12 In Calibration Mode System Test ST ST gt 30 sec In Normal Operation Line Contactor _ O O 2 8 Capacitor Bank Test Charge Contactor APR check Illustration 5 SWITCH ON SEQUENCE CONSOLE CABINET ATP CONSOLE BOARD HT CONTROLLER BOARD 030 09 U8 10 HT C CLK 8 LINK 2 BUFFER LATCH DS1 11 Hs OPTO 21 11 CLK S OPTO INT HT C CLK INTERR CLK CONTR 8279 6 1 BUFF C HT CLK 5 Illustration 6 SERIAL LINK 2kx 8 KEYBOARD DISPLAY ON OFF TO CABINET EEPROM Interrupt 018 Controller 029 KEYBOARD AND DISPLAY CONTROL AEC U11 U25 CONTROL TO FROM ION CHAMBERS Open pP 8088 1 0 Collector TO COMPATIBILITIES 030 06 015 Drivers WATCH DOG U4 Optocouplers Synchro Serial UART Link
2. 7 3 2 24 Delayed vete pane eive es 8 3 3 Room Power Module 5 8 3 4 Sernalibink eMe ML LLlC Ad iov epe 9 3 5 ATP Consoles I RU eal eee ya ee 9 3 6 CHT Controller cieie iets eth id eet eee heals 11 3 7 Preparation and Exposure Time Control 12 3 8 Closed Loop Operation 13 3 9 LF RAC Low Speed Rotor Controller 14 3 40 DRAC High Speed Rotor 15 3 11 The Power Module 20 3 12 Tube Change and Filament Change 21 4 SCHEMATICS 73 erect hee a ba niin 23 HF Series Generators SECTION 1 ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION 11 COMPOSITION OF A GENERATOR Note gt The generator is designed to supply X Ray tubes in the conventional radiology The generator is composed of two main parts Power Cabinet and Console The Power Cabinet contains High Tension Tank see note IGBT s Pulse Width Modulation Power Module Low or High Speed Rotor Controller LF RAC or DRAC Front Panel Assy Electronic Control Back Panel Assy Power Input Line Rectifiers Panel Assy
3. HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 2 SUBASSEMBLY FILAMENT DRIVE BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD 12 TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Note the actual settings of jumpers on the board Remove all connectors of the board Note their position Remove the four Allen screws used to secure the board in the cabinet Replace the old board for the new one Replace the four Allen screws Replace all connectors previously removed Set jumpers in their original position see Step 1 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and power ON the Console Connect the mAs meter on the Tank and put the non invasive meter on the table under the X ray beam Make several exposures with different technic settings in order to check if the parameters are correct If they are not correct make a full calibration If they are correct remove the Test Equipment and note the new memory data Note on the Log Book the cause and date of replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name ofthe field engineer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 3 SUBASSEMBLY INTERFACE CONTROL BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD 10 12 TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Note the actual setting of jumpers on the board Remove all conn
4. Illustration 19 HV TRANSFORMER HF Series Generators SECTION 3 ASM AEC Control Board AEC OPERATION 31 OPERATION FOR ION CHAMBER The circuitry controls the four possible lon Chambers to be installed in the System and provides the voltage reference to switch OFF the exposure when AEC is ON an lon chamber area selected Refer to Illustration 5 When AEC is OFF or the Generator is not provided with AEC the exposure time is controlled by the Generator Timer which is determined by the mAs selected on console When AEC is ON the exposure time can be automatically controlled by sensing the exposure dose level at film using lon Chambers AEC function depends on the action of Comparator U8 Ramp and Reference inputs with the AEC STOP output signal The voltage on the Reference input of the Comparator is a result of the value in Extended Memory AEC Calibration number thru a DAC U3 which is function of Density KVP and Film Screen Speed selected on console This Voltage Reference could require an additional adjustment with the potentiometer R22 set jumper position B when the Output Ramp of the lon Chamber is too low lon chamber with low sensitivity The Ramp input of the Comparator is a ramp voltage developed in the lon Chamber Pre Amp Output Ramp When the ramp voltage equals the Voltage Reference the AEC STOP signal on the Comparator output goes high logic and stop the exposure The analog
5. 13 TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Note the actual setting of all jumpers and switches of the board Remove all connectors from the board Note their position Remove the four Allen screws one metallic and three of nylon used to secure the board in the Cabinet Using the anti static protection device replace the old board for the new one Replace the four Allen screws Replace all the connectors previously removed Set all jumpers and switches in their original positions see Step 1 Check if the EEPROM Calibration data and the microprocessor U5 Cabinet Program are present on the new board remove both and install the old ones on the new board do not forget to use the anti static protection Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console Check if the Extended Memory Data have not been lost or modified So compare with tables of the Calibration Chapter in the Service Manual Connect the mAs meter on the Tank and putthe non invasive meter on the table under the X ray beam Make several exposures with different technic settings in order to check if the parameters are correct If is not correct make a full calibration If is correct remove the Test Equipment and note the new memory data Note on the Log Book the cause and the date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of the service engineer in order to give maximum info
6. FILTER capacitor HT Capacitor FILTER capacitor FILTER capacitor HT Inductor BUS Inductor IGBT IGBT HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact ESM Generator MODULE 6 POWER INPUT MODULE POWER 2 kn 00 COMMUNICATION connector 6 ESM connector MODULE 7 ADAPTATIONS MODULE 6T2 6K5 6K6 6 1 681 6 1 6J2 6J3 B J4 TOMO BUCKY ADAPTATION board AEC ADAPTATION board LOCKS board MODULE 8 BATTERY MODULE BATTERY TRAY J1 BATTERY TRAY J2 BATTERY TRAY J4 BATTERY TRAY J5 J1 J2 BATTERY TRAY J3 J4 J5 HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact ESM Generator MODULE 9 HT MODULE QHT1HT TRANSFORMER MODULE 10 STARTER MODULE FOR OPTIONAL LF RAC VERSION DISCHARGE resistor for 330 VAC Stator option DISCHARGE resistor for 220 VAC Stator option LOAD resistor RELAY filter TUBE terminal strip INTERFACE connector ROTOR VAC connector 220 330 VAC Transformer for VAC Stator ion HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact ESM Generator MODULE 11 DRAC MODULE FOR OPTIONAL DRAC VERSION 11T MAIN MAIN Transformer 11A3 CLAMPING board Ferrite core ASM Technical Publication System Interconnect
7. 500 ms Div T6 T7 100 3000 to 10000 rpm 14 00 1200 10 00 Pa ees 8 00 500 va 400 4 200 000 200 r 1 11000 rpm 500 ms Div T11 T12 MX100 3000 tc 0 7 00 RNN 5 00 4 00 300 2 00 1 00 se 0 00 1 00 1V 41000 rpm 200 ms Div T3 T4 TS MX100 10000 0 14 00 12 00 10 00 8 00 Eom V 600 Re 400 2 00 0 00 2 00 1V 1000 rpm 500 ms Div 8 T9 10 1400 MX100 10000 to 3000 rpm 1219 1020 8 00 600 4 00 LEE 3 2 00 0 00 T13 14 5 2 00 1 71000 rpm 500 ms Div Illustration 16 DRAC SPEED CONTROL WARNING THE POWER MODULE CHASSIS IS NOT GROUNDED IT IS CONNECTED TO THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF THE INPUT RECTIFIER to HT CONTROLLER BOARD IPM DRIVER IPM DRIVER BOARD BOARD CHARGE DISCHARGE MONITOR 1 BOARD INPUT RECTIFIER BOARD CHARGE DISCHARGE MONITOR 2 BOARD 2024 24 41 POWER MODULE IGBT FAULT CHASSIS to HT CONTROLLER BOARD Illustration 17 POWER MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM CONSOLE CABINET Serial Link ATP Console HT Controller Rotor Controller Interface Control Acknowledge Illustration 18 TUBE CHANGE o 75 VOLTAGE DOUBLER KV FEDDBACK Primary VOLTAGE DOUBLER VOLTAGE DOUBLER Primary VOLTAGE DOUBLER 75 KV KV FEDDBACK
8. ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory The Front Panel controls the generator Inverter control and regulation of the High Voltage HT Controller Filament heat current Filament Control mA regulation and control Controller Tube and Filament change Interface The Filament Control produces the X Ray filament heating current for the tubes large and small focal spot The LF RAC low speed or DRAC high speed is used to start up and brake the rotating anode The Interface board is used to change the tube and the filament Also is used to switch ON and OFF the generator The Console is used to control and monitor the generator also via the anatomic programmer option The console also controls all the compatibilities Buckies Tomo AEC Spot Film etc HF Series Generators SECTION 3 ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory FUNCTIONAL ANALISIS 31 POWER OFF The generator has a permanent power supply of 11 V to switch ON and OFF the whole room see illustration 3 AUTOTRANSFORMER T2 IS PERMANENTLY CONNECTED TO THE MAINS VOLTAGE EVEN IF THE GENERATOR IS SWITCHED OFF PERMANENT DANGEROUS VOLTAGE IS PRESENT IN THE INPUT LINE PANEL BACK PANEL RECTIFIERS PANEL AND INTERFACE CONTROL IN THE FRONT PANEL When the ON push button is depressed in the console Mosfet Q1 is activated in the ATP Console board In the Interface Control board Front Panel K1 is energized t
9. 016 5 52 TIMER Preparation and U21 Line Contactor Control FROM COMPATIBILITIES Fluoro Control RS232 422 and Display Open Open ABS KVP Collector Collector CONTROL Open Drivers Drivers Optocouplers Collector Drivers Collector CONSOLE TO SERIAL Open Drivers EXPOSURE TO CABINET TO CABINET TO CABINET FROM CABINET TO CABINET Illustration 7 SEDECAL CONSOLE BLOCK DIAGRAM INIT NO YE VALID RAM CHECKSUM VALID EEPROM CHECKSUM VALID EEPROM CHECKSUM NO RAM EEPROM LOAD FACTORY RESTORE BACKUP MAKE BACKUP MAKE BACKUP SETTINGS RAM RAM gt EEPROM EEPROM END START UP Illustration 8 APR CHECKING U29 AEC STOP TRANSMIT EXPOSURE INTERRUPT FL C CLK CONTROLLER HT C CLK DATA BUS SYNCH GENERAL TMR 1 UART 016 RS232 422 Illustration 9 INTERRUPT CONTROLLER Open Collector TO INTERFACE Drivers CONTROL EXPOSURE 2x8 FROM CONSOLE EEPROM U3 Optocoupler Curent MA U19 INVERTER U4 U5 U17 KVp mA SAFETY MODULATOR TO FILAMENT DRIVER U23 Synchro Serial Synchro Serial RMS Filament Current INTERNAL Open SIGNALS Collector Optocouplers RMS DC Drivers U21 TO CONSOLE FROM CONSOLE FILAMENT CURRENT Illustration 10 HT CONTROLLER BLOCK DIAGRAM CONSOLE CABINET U10 U11 ES LATCH BUFF ai 89C55 SELECT TUB
10. Modules Description of Compact DRAC Generator HF Series Generators HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact DRAC Generator MODULE 3 CONTROL MODULE MODULE 4 T B D 3A HT CONTROL board 3A 3A 3 3 F6 19V fuse 3F7 10V fuse 3F8 115V fuse 3F9 LVDC fuse 3C6 24V capacitor 3C7 12V capacitor 3TS1 INTERFACE OUTPUT terminal strip 4TS3 INTERFACE terminal strip HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact DRAC Generator MODULE 5 INVERTER MODULE 5C8 FILTER capacitor HT Capacitor FILTER capacitor FILTER capacitor HT Inductor BUS Inductor IGBT IGBT HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact DRAC Generator MODULE 6 POWER INPUT MODULE POWER INPUT transformer LINE contactor COMMUNICATION connector LINE L1 fuse LINE L2 fuse LINE L3 fuse INPUT TRANSFORMER fuse INPUT TRANSFORMER fuse INPUT filter MODULE 7 ADAPTATIONS MODULE LOCKS board MODULE 9 HT MODULE QHT1HT TRANSFORMER HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact DRAC Generator MODULE 10 STARTER MODULE FOR LF RAC VERSION 10R4 2 DISCHARGE resistor for 220 VAC Stator option 10R5 LOAD resistor 10RC1 RELAY filter TUBE terminal strip INTERFACE connector ROTOR VAC connector 220 330 VAC Transformer for VAC Stator ion MODULE 11 DRAC MODUL
11. Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix and adhesive label of the new board indicating the date and name ofthe field engineer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 11 SUBASSEMBLY LOCKS BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF MODULE TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET 1 Remove all wires of the board Note their positions 2 Remove the four screws and nuts with washers used to secure the board in the Cabinet 3 Replace the old board for a new one 4 Replace the four Allen screws 5 Replace all wires previously removed 6 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console 7 Make about the good operation of the Locks of tube stand etc 8 Make a functional check of the equipment 9 Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of the field engineer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 12 SUBASSEMBLY HIGH SPEED BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Note the actual setting of jumpers on the board Remove all wires and connectors of the board Note their positions Remove the four Allen screws used to secure the board in the Cabinet Replace the ol
12. DC level is used an input range of 0 to 10 volts is required The stabilized value of the input will be between 5 and 7 volts This signal selects the Fluoro operation mode a low signal selects Automatic Brightness Control a high signal selects Manual Mode EXP This low going signal indicates the Actual Length of Radiation This high going signal indicates the Actual Length Of Exposure This signal is used to interface to some Spot ALOE Film system and is used to advance the Spot Film device to the next position when multi exposure are made on the same film This low going signal indicates the Actual Length Of Exposure This signal is used to interface to some Spot Film system and is used to advance the Spot Film device to the next position when multi exposure are made on the same film HF Series Generators ASM System Interconnection Table 1 1 System Interconnection Signals SIGNAL NAME SIGNAL DESCRIPTION This signal only applies to generator systems with the Stand alone option When the generator is operating in AUTO OFF Stand alone mode Power Line off the Auto Off signal shut off the power from the Battery Generator cabinet if the Control Console is not actuated after 5 minutes AUX BUCKY SPLY External voltage supply required for the Bucky motion when this voltage is not 24 VDC A low signal energizes the Fluoro buzzer A low signal to the Interface Co
13. ELECTRIC SHOCKS THE STATOR CABLE MUST BE SHIELDED BOTH ENDS OF THE SHIELD MUST BE CONNECTED TO GROUND DUE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE PROBLEMS THE IGBT S HEATSINK IS NOT GROUNDED IS CONNECTED TO THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL OF THE INPUT RECTIFIER TO AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK BE SURE THAT THE INPUT LINE IS DISCONNECTED AND THE CAPACITOR BANK PROPERLY DISCHARGED BEFORE MANIPULATE IN THE DRAC There are two braking modes depending on the purpose in the DRAC see Illustration 15 Active Brake applying an electromagnetic field with the same magnitude but in the opposite direction to the actual anode rotation reverse electromagnetic field This brake is to decelerate very fast the anode in order to pass through the resonant frequencies as quick as possible to avoid damage to the rotor bearings and to the glass insert This braking mode can be compared to the one used to decelerate an aircraft reversing the air flow of the turbines Passive Brake applying a constant electromagnetic field DC current in order to stop the rotor completely This braking mode can be compared to the one used to brake and stop completely the aircraft wheels HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory In the illustration 15 are shown the speed changes of the anode controlled by the DRAC From T1 to T2 the DRAC is applying the 3300 rpm acceleration voltage From T2 onwards the DRAC is applying the 330
14. INSV enuen SIOJBIBUDE 591196 JH Advanced Service Manual Technical Publication HF Series Generators ASM This product bears a CE marking in accordance with the provisions of the 93 42 EEC MDD Advanced Service Manual Technical Publication HF Series Generators ASM This product bears a CE marking in accordance with the provisions of the 93 42 EEC MDD ASM Technical Publication Line Powered HF Generator Theory HF Series Generators HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1 PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION 1 11 Composition of a 1 1 2 Reference Designations 2 1 3 Characteristics cae Saw ee bate ey DIEI eS re Fere d eet ead 4 1 3 1 X Ray Radiographic Output Power 4 1 3 2 Signal Characteristics 4 1 3 3 X Ray Wate eee E RUM ee ees 4 2 THEORY OF OPERATION 5 2 1 Manhunt Peak 5 2 2 Generator Operation 5 3 FUNCTIONAL ANALISIS 7 S Power ON
15. Panel Assy Input Autotransformer Charge contactor Precharge Resistor Input Fuses PCB Locks CAR T Rectifiers Panel Assy General Switch ON Relay Bridge Rectifiers Fuses Filter Capacitors Input Line Panel Assy Power Line Terminal Block Tube Stators Terminal Block Input Line Fuses Room Fuses Line contactor LF3 BR1 T2 K6 R1 F12 F13 LF1 K3 BR1 BR2 F2 F6 F8 C6 C7 TS2 TS2 F3 F5 F14 F16 K5 Interconnection and Adaptation Panel It depends on configuration HF Series Generators 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 CHARACTERISTICS ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory X RAY RADIOGRAPHIC OUTPUT POWER Maximum Power 16 or 60 Kw KVP ranjo ema 40 to150 kVp kVp 5 1 kV RUPEM POP OREL 10 to 800 mA mA 5 1 Exposure Time 1 ms to 10 sec Exposure Time accuracy 1 0 1 ms MAS FANG oves PAVESE 0 1 to 550 mAs Liniearity c ESL ERES 1 2 0 1 1 2 Reproducibility Coefficient of Variation lt 0 05 HV SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS X RAY TUBES kV and mA adjustment during X Ray emission gives excellent exposure reproducibility The very low kV ripple qualifies the generator as a constant voltage generator IEC Standard over most of its operating range Minimu
16. RAY ON LIGHT TV CHAIN Illustration 1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM VAC LINE Power Line to Room Illustration 2 GENERATOR BLOCK DIAGRAM only for serial communication OPERATOR CONSOLE VAC supply POWER VDC supply ae ADAPTATION PANEL S PPIY ces c ee Compatibility 1 interface Supply switch Power supply On Off SEDECAL Line Contactor control OPERATOR Pe eee CONTROL CONSOLE CONTROL Compatibility control Discharge control Filament supply CHARGE DISCHARGE 4 5 1 Delayed Line Contactor control MONITOR Filament control Discharge R1 z g Tube change Lee ee SS HV Anode RECTIFIER HV X RAY Contactor Contactor amp INVERTER HT Drive Cathode TUBE KS K6 STORAGE CAPACITORS IGBTs actual KVP KVP Drive FIL Drive charge OK FILAMENT Fil current INVERTER HT CONTROLLER Rotor Run ROTOR CONTROL rotor current Exposure control KVP Fluoro control ABS DRAC Supply CONSOLE CABINET DISPLAY BOARD INTERFACE CONTROL BOARD E BACK PANEL Note is the general switch on relay Illustration 3 SWITCH ON OFF CONSOLE 220 CABINET Z ATP CONSOLE BOARD Watch Dog Console uP
17. Unregulated Power Supply Input Line Panel Assy Interconnection and Adaptation Panel Adaptation for the different Options The Console contains PCB ATP Console Console CPU PCB AEC PCB Keyboard Display Due to traceability reasons it has been considered three main parts in the generator Power Cabinet High Tension Tank and Console Every part has its own serial number identified by the proper label There is another label to identify the complete generator HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS POWER CABINET IGBT s Power Module Filter Capacitors Input Rectifiers Series Capacitor Series Choke DC Input Choke Intelligent Power Inverter IGBT s PCB Charge Discharge Monitor PCB IPM Driver Low Speed Rotor Control LF RAC Boost Autotransformer Line Filter Solid State Relay Shifting Capacitors LF RAC Control High Speed Rotor Controller DRAC Auxiliary Transformer Main Transformer PCB Control DRAC PCB Interface DRAC HF Tube selection contactor DC Brake contactor Fan voltage selection C1 C4 CR1 CR3 C9 L1 L2 T3 LF2 K1 C5 1 C5 2 K3 K1 HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory Front Panel Assy PCB HT Controller PCB Interface PCB Filament Driver Line Filter Bridge Rectifier Power Supply Back
18. depending upon the tube selected Filament 1 is Small Focus when Tube 1 is selected Filament 1 is Large Focus when Tube 2 is selected L1 L2 and L3 are inductances to preheat the two filaments only used for Rad and Fluoro generators 22 HF Series Generators SECTION 4 ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory SCHEMATICS 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 System Block Diagram Generator Block Diagram Switch ON OFF Charge Circuitry Switch ON Sequence Serial Link SEDECAL Console Block Diagram APR Checking Interrupt Controller HT Controller Block Diagram Preparation and Exposure Time Control Closed Loop Block Diagram LF RAC DRAC Block Diagram DRAC Brake DRAC Speed Control Power Module Block Diagram Tube Change HV Transformer 23 Stator Cable Low or High Speed LF RAC or DRAC EMERGENCY SWITCH Customer Supplied Customer Line Power Line to the Room ROOM Line Power Supply 3 Phase GND ELECTRICAL CABINET Customer Supplied POWER amp CONTROL MODULES INTERCONNECTION ADAPTATION Power Supply SEDECAL OPERATOR CONSOLE HV Control cables Anode Cable HV E Cathode Cable HV TUBE I F cables BUCKIES ION CHAMBERS SPOT FILM DEVICE TOMO DEVICE V Interface Control HANDSWITCH lon Chamber Control Fluoro Control DOOR INTERLOCK amp X
19. switch U5 selects the proper IC input according to the lon Chamber selected The ramp voltage must be close or equal to 0 VDC before to start of the exposure because of the STRT DR Reset signal is resetting the lon Chamber Pre Amp Also the area selection sent to the lon Chamber thru Driver U6 is made according to the area selected on console Typical values of the Extended Memory AEC Calibration number range from 20 to 80 higher values will run out of head room in the Comparator and lower values have an effect on the AEC accuracy due to signal noise See Illustration 6 for waveforms in AEC operation with lon Chamber IC1 signal Illustration 5 AEC System with lon Chamber U5 IC1 sel 1 2 signal IC3 signal 1 4 signal IC2 sel IC3 sel 4 AEC CONTROL BD A3012 06 AEC STOP 1 4 sel Reference adjustment by pot Reference adjustment by calibration number Signals to lon Chamber 9 o Data Bus Data Bus OPERATOR CONSOLE to cut the exposure COMPARATOR Reference FLD1 Left Area selection FLD2 Center Area selection DRIVER U6 FLD3 Right Area selection STRT DR Reset Output Ramp ION CHAMBER 1 Illustration 6 Waveforms for AEC operation with lon Chamber EXP ORDER Voltage Reference calibration data setting AEC STOP EXP Star
20. to SW1 8 READY Is an output of the DRAC to tell the Generator that the rotor is running at the proper speed J4 4 and J4 7 The output J4 5 can be used to drive an optocoupler Although the rotor can be accelerated very fast in a very short time the READY signal can be delayed in order to let the generator to heat the filament to make the proper exposure The minimum delay time for READY can be configured SW1 1 to SW1 3 from zero to seconds HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory The microcomputer U17 make the calculations generates and controls the logic sequence according to the configuration made in SW1 to SW4 The voltage magnitude of both coils are controlled by PWM Pulsed Width Modulation sent from the microcomputer U17 to the logic control U16 The logic control U16 decodes and generates all the signals needed for the Three Phase IGBT Inverter PTR1 The logic control also limits the Inverter current through U11 the output of the inverter is fully short circuitable The ADC Analog to Digital Converter is telling the microcomputer four important thinks The DC voltage in order to calculate the PWM to apply the stator the proper voltage despite the line variations the voltage applied to the stator is kept constant with line variations from 320 to 550 VAC The auxiliary wire current to check the proper stator operation The principal wire current to check the p
21. 0 rpm running voltage with the READY signal activated if the minimum delay for READY is already completed The Low Speed 3300 rpm brake can be completely disabled SW3 1 ON letting the rotor to run free If the brake is allowed SW3 1 OFF from T3 to T4 the DRAC is applying the 3300 Active Brake reverse electromagnetic field to decelerate very fast the rotor If the DC Brake is disabled SW4 8 OFF the rotor is running free at approx 600 rpm But if the DC Brake is allowed SW4 8 ON from T4 to T5 the DRAC is applying the Passive Brake DC Brake to completely stop the rotor In any case the READY signal is OFF from T3 onwards From T6to T7 the DRAC is applying the 10000 rpm acceleration voltage From T7 onwards the DRAC is applying the 10000 rpm running voltage with the READY signal activated if the minimum delay for READY is already completed From T8 to 9 the DRAC is applying the 10000 Active Brake reverse electromagnetic field to decelerate very fast the rotor If the DC Brake is disabled SW4 8 OFF the rotor is running free at approx 600 rpm But if the DC Brake is allowed SW4 8 ON from T9 to T10 the DRAC is applying the Passive Brake DC Brake to completely stop the rotor In any case the READY signal is OFF from T8 onwards From 11 to T12 DRAC is applying the 10000 rpm acceleration voltage in order to go from low to high speed The READY signal is OFF From T
22. 12 onwards the DRAC is applying the 10000 rpm running voltage with the READY signal activated if the minimum delay for READY is already completed HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory From T13 to T14 the DRAC is applying the 10000 Active Brake reverse electromagnetic field to decelerate very fast the rotor From T14 to T15 the DRAC is applying the 3300 acceleration voltage in order to go from high to low speed From T15 onwards the DRAC is applying the 3300 rpm running voltage The READY signal is ON all the time The switch SW4 6 is to check the actual tube selection SW4 6 the microcomputer 017 doesn t test the tube selection SW4 6 OFF the microcomputer 017 checks the actual tube selection The fan voltage is selectable 220 or 115 V for every tube position 3 11 THE POWER MODULE In the illustration 17 is represented the Power Module Block Diagram AC input line is rectified in the Input Rectifier Board The board also contains R C networks for the diodes There are also capacitors connected from line to ground to filter the conducted high frequency noise Filter Capacitors C1 to C4 are charge through inductance L2 to avoid high di dt currents in the input lines limiting the high frequency noise DUE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE PROBLEMS THE METALLIC PARTS OF THE POWER MODULE CHASSIS ARE NOT GROUNDED ALL OF THEM ARE CONNECTED TO THE NEG
23. ATIVE TERMINAL OF THE INPUT RECTIFIER TO AVOID ELECTRIC SHOCK BE SURE THAT THE INPUT LINE IS DISCONNECTED AND THE CAPACITOR BANK PROPERLY DISCHARGED BEFORE MANIPULATE IN THE POWER MODULE 20 HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory The two Charge Discharge Monitor Boards have the following target To equalize the voltage in the capacitors connected in series to avoid overvoltage in one of the branches To obtain a fast discharge of the Capacitor Bank C1 to C4 when the generator is switched OFF To show Service Engineer the presence of high very dangerous voltage in the Capacitor Bank by means of LED s inform the HT Controller the proper charge of the Capacitor Bank Every IGBT module contains a half bridge inverter one vertical The IPM Driver converts the low voltage PWM 25 kHz signal coming from the HT Controller to the voltage needed for the IGBT module Also every IGBT module has an overcurrent and overheat detection to protect the power stage from any damage due to an overload in the High Voltage Transformer HVT This protection sends the signal IGBT FAULT to the HT Controller who displays Generator in the Console L1 is an air core inductance to match the input impedance of the HVT in order the obtain the maximum power from the IGBT Inverter C9 is a series capacitor to cancel the DC component in the primary side of the HVT The capacit
24. E FOR DRAC VERSION CONTROL DRAC board INTERFASE DRAC HF board TUBE terminal strip INTERFACE connector TUBE relay BRAKE relay BRAKE relay TUBE contactor Varistor AUXILIARY Transformer MAIN Transformer CLAMPING board Ferrite core ASM Technical Publication Modules Description of Compact ESM Generator HF Series Generators HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact ESM Generator MODULE 1 FRONT PANEL BACK PANEL HA STAND ALONE board BACK PANEL 1 1 LINE TABLE terminal strip 1A1 1SW1 Magnetothermic Automatic Breaker MODULE 2 BATTERY CHARGER MODULE BATTERY CHARGER board ENERGY GUARD board LINE MONITOR board SNUBBER BATTERY CHARGER transformer HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact ESM Generator MODULE 3 CONTROL MODULE HT CONTROL board INTERFACE CONTROL board 1 2 3 a e LAMENT onver 0 km 3A 3A 3A 3 K 3 F6 19V fuse 3F7 10V fuse 3F8 115V fuse 3F9 LVDC fuse 3C6 24V capacitor 3C7 12V capacitor 3TS1 INTERFACE OUTPUT terminal strip MODULE 4 STARTER MODULE LF RACK board START filter START relay PHASE SHIFT capacitor DISCHARGE resistor LOAD resistor RELAY filter TUBE terminal strip HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact ESM Generator MODULE 5 INVERTER MODULE
25. E ROTOR FILAMENT LATCH BUFF KV Safety 4 H POWER MODULATO MODULE Illustration 11 PREPARATION AND EXPOSURE TIME CONTROL KV SW2 3 SW2 4 closed 1 open HARD LOOP SERIAL LINK KV DEMAND MODULATOR EWM gt to ips FROM CONSOLE 89C55 25 kHz U19 45 SOFT LOOP kVp FEEDBACK SOFT LOOP ADC gt mA FEEDBACK 04 FILAMENT TRANSFORMER HARD LOOP FILAMENT DEMAND D A MODULATOR 8 bits 923 022 FILAMENT CURRENT FEEDBACK DC u21 Illustration 12 CLOSED LOOP BLOCK DIAGRAM LA VIUA VA BRAKE x ROTOR READY Illustration 13 LF RAC MAINS INPUT 220 to 480 VAC 10 INPUT COMMANDS from Generator READY to Generator C PTH1 3PH IGBT INVERTER ISOLATED BOOST TRANSFO COMM JR IK PRINC Ds AUX aux ZN Vn j CURRENT LOGIC E LIMIT CONTROL Ut1 AN U17 uC 2 Illustration 14 DRAC BLOCK DIAGRAM U15 OP1 OP2 OPTO OUPLERS OUTPUT CONTROL TUBE SELECTION SW1 SW4 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION SWITCHES Active Brake Passive Brake Reverse Electromagnetic Field DC Brake Illustration 15 DRAC BRAKE MX100 0 to 3000 rpm 1 00 1V 1000 rpm 200 MX100 010 10000 rpm 14 0 1213 10 00 8 00 500 40 xt 200 2 0 1V 1000 rpm
26. Exposure parameters AEC and workstation to be selected automatically when the generator is Switched ON The operating copy of the APR All the APR changes are stored in the NVRAM and later in the next power ON copied into the EEPROM U18 Watchdog to avoid uncontrolled operation of the microcomputer is performed by U4 The Keyboard is controlled by U25 and the Display is controlled by U11 The Exposure Time Counter and General Purpose Timer is performed by U21 The Synchro Serial Link was already explained before U29 is the Interrupt Controller to manage all the interruptions entering the microcomputer which are the following IRO AEC Stop to finish the X Ray Exposure through the Automatic Exposure Control AEC IR1 the Transmission data interrupt to control the output serial link 182 the Exposure timer control IR3 the Fluoro data input serial link 184 the HT Controller data input serial link IR5 the input for external synchro for Fluoro IR6 the general timer and Exposure Back up Timer the UART 016 RS232 422 serial link control U6 and U15 are general Input Output ports to control the whole system The AEC Control is an option directly connected to the Data Bus of the microcomputer Depending upon selected parameters kV density film speed and calibration data the microcomputer gives an analog demand which is compared with the output ramp of the loniza
27. LE PROCEDURES JOB CARDS LIST GENERATOR CONSOLE a Display board Job Card 1 1 b CPU board Job Card 1 2 Control AEC board Job Card 1 3 POWER CABINET a Controller board Job Card 2 1 b Filament Driver board Job Card 2 2 c Interface Control board Job Card 2 3 d Power Supply Board Job Card 2 4 e Low Speed Control Board Job Card 2 5 f Tomo Bucky Interface Board Job Card 2 6 g AEC Interface Board Job Card 2 7 h IGBT Module Job Card 2 8 i Charge Discharge Monitor Boards Job Card 2 9 j IPM Driver Boards Job Card 2 10 k Locks Board Job Card 2 11 l High Speed Control Board DRAC Job Card 2 12 HIGH VOLTAGE TANK ONE amp TWO TUBES Job Card 3 1 HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 1 1 SUBASSEMBLY DISPLAY BOARD CONSOLE PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET 1 Remove all connectors of the board Note their position 2 Remove the twenty three screws and nuts with washers used to secure the board in the Console 3 Replace the old board for the new one 4 Replace the twenty three screws 5 Replace all connectors previously removed 6 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console 7 Make a functional check of the Equipment A functional check is a complete check of Displays mAs kVp mA and Time Also included are the push buttons etc 8 Note on t
28. XPOSURE HOLD condition exists at the Collimator This input is read only COLLIMATOR when the Radiographic Tube is selected COMP This low signal indicates that Compression Device is selected This input changes original density to the appropriate density for Compression selection DOOR This low signal is the interlock for the Door of the X ray room DSI SEL This low going signal from a DSI device indicates that the DSI has been selected and will be used for the next exposure _EXP Low going Expose signal to the HT Control PCB If PREP is low then a Spot Film or RAD exposure is made else a Fluoro exposure is made FL DSI Sync signal from the DSI device This signal is used for timing in the generator This is the EXPOSURE COMMAND input when the Tube 2 Fluoro Spot Film is selected If the SF PREP FL EXP input is open then a Fluoro exposure is started and if the SF PREP input is low then a Spot Film exposure is made FLD1 DR A low signal to select the right field in the lon Chamber FLD2 DR A low signal to select the left field in the lon Chamber HF Series Generators ASM System Interconnection Table 1 1 System Interconnection Signals SIGNAL NAME SIGNAL DESCRIPTION FLD3 DR A low signal to select the center field in the lon Chamber FT SW CMD This low going signal indicates the Fluoro exposure command It is needed for Pulsed Fluoro at va
29. and connectors previously removed in Steps 2 To 5 Once the connections are check power ON the Electrical Cabinet and the Console Check the voltage on the Capacitor Bank see ASM Manual Connect the mAs meter on the HV Tank and put the non invasive meter on the table under the X ray beam and check a few mA and kV settings in order to be sure the Inverter is working properly Make a functional check of the equipment Install the rear cover with the four Allen screws in the Cabinet Return the defective Module to factory to be repaired Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and the name of the field engineer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 10 SUBASSEMBLY IPM DRIVE BOARDS CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF MODULE TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET BEFORE MANIPULATING THE BOARDS MAKE SURE THAT THERE IS NOT VOLTAGE PRESENT IN THE CAPACITORS BANK 1 Remove all connectors of the board Note their positions 2 Remove the two Allen screws used to secure the board in the Cabinet 3 Replace the old board for the new one 4 Replace the four Allen screws 5 Replace all connectors previously removed 6 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console 7 Make check on the correct operation 8 Make a functional check of the equipment 9
30. ayed are present and the Charge Contactor K6 is allowed to be energized to feed the Power Module ROOM AND POWER MODULE SWITCH ON After depressing the SWICH ON the Console and the Cabinet check the whole system If everything its correct the ATP Console Console CPU is ready to switch ON the whole room through the Line Contactor K5 If Watchdog is correct and the whole system is correct the Console microcomputer activates Mosfet Q3 The network R12 and C52 produces a delay to avoid a false early connection of the Line Contactor during the Switching ON transient See illustration 4 Mosfet Q3 energizes K5 The contactor K5 supplies the whole room through fuses F14 F16 The Bank Capacitors C1 C4 are soft charged current limited through LF1 EMI filter R1 Input Rectifier and L2 The Capacitors charge is checked by the Charge Discharge Monitor PCB The HT Controller verifies the correct value of the charge When the voltage in the Bank Capacitors is correct the HT Controller energizes the Charge contactor K6 short circuiting the resistor R1 allowing the current to flow directly to the Power Module See illustration 5 HF Series Generators 3 4 3 5 SERIAL LINK ATP CONSOLE ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory The Serial Link is a synchronous fully isolated communication between the Console and the Cabinet see illustration 6 The Console has all the intelligence of the generator tube protections an
31. ays give the READY signal even if the rotor is not running at the proper speed HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory ST START Is an input for the DRAC to start the normal acceleration 44 19 and 94 20 With this input the DRAC can enter in the SELF RUNNING MODE see Service Manual in order to avoid overheating in the stator FL FLUORO Is an input for the DRAC to start the acceleration from the Fluoro workstation J4 15 and 94 16 The Fluoro hold over time time that the rotor keeps running after the signal Fluoro is OFF is programmed from zero to 120 seconds with SW2 1 to SW2 3 SF SPOT FILM Is an input for the DRAC to start the acceleration from the SPOT FILM workstation J4 13 and 44 14 The Spot Film hold over time time that the rotor keeps running after the signal Spot Film is OFF is programmed from zero to 40 minutes with SW4 1 to SW4 4 The X Ray tube can start always at High Speed ifthis feature is selected with SW3 3 ON HS HIGH SPEED Is an input to the DRAC to select high speed operation 44 17 and J4 18 TUBE 2 Is an input for the DRAC to select tube 2 J4 23 and J4 24 The X Ray tube type is selected with SW2 4 to SW2 8 TUBE3 Is an input for the DRAC to select tube 3 4 21 and J4 22 The X Ray tube type is selected with SW3 4 to SW3 8 To select TUBE 1 the inputsignals Tube 2 and TUBE 3 must be OFF The X Ray tube type is selected with SW1 4
32. b Card 2 6 SUBASSEMBLY TWO BUCKY INTERFACE BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD TURN OFF THE GENERATOR THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Note the actual setting of jumpers and switches on the board Remove all wires on the terminal strips of the board Note their positions Remove the four Allen screws used to secure the board in the Cabinet Replace the old board for the new one Replace the four Allen screws Replace all wires previously removed on the terminal strips Set jumpers and switches in their original positions see Step 1 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console Make a functional check about the Tomo and Buckys selection and Tomo Times if of application Make a functional check of the equipment Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix and adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of the field engineer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 7 SUBASSEMBLY AEC INTERFACE BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Note the actual setting of jumpers on the board Remove all connectors of the board Note their positions Remove the four Allen screws used to secure the board in the Cabinet Replace the old board for the new one Replace the four Allen screws Replace all connectors previously removed Se
33. bel beside the new board indicating the date and name of the field engineer in order to give the maximum info
34. d system operation The Cabinet executes the orders received from the Console All the calibration data is content in the Cabinet U3 To transmit a data from any side there are two signals Clock signal to interrupt the microcomputer and synchronize the data Data signal synchronized whit the clock There are two LED s to check the proper communication One of the LED s DS1 is located in the HT Controller The second LED is located in the ATP Console DS2 The LED DS1 HT Controller start to light when the microcomputer receives the first data DS1 keeps lighting until the microcomputer ends it s transmission The LED DS2 ATP Console start to light when the microcomputer sends the first data DS2 keeps lighting until the microcomputer receives the last bit As aconclusion DS1 and DS2 are lighting when the Serial Link is busy The Block Diagram of the Console it is represented in the illustration 7 The core is the microcomputer 8088 U30 The main program of the generator is stored inthe 1 Mb EPROM memory 024 The EEPROM U18 stores the same data in two different memory locations for security reasons The backup copy of the APR data see Illustration 8 The workstation configuration Number of X Ray exposures HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory The NVRAM U23 stores The Heat Units accumulated in the X Ray tube The last Console selection
35. d board for a new one Replace the four Allen screws Replace all wires and connectors previously removed Set jumpers in their original position see Step 1 Power on the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console Make a functional check of acceleration running braking times and check directly on the window the anode rotation Make a functional check of the equipment Note on the Log Book the cause and the date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of the field engineer in order to give the maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 3 1 SUBASSEMBLY HIGH VOLTAGE TANK ONE TUBE amp TWO TUBES PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF TANK 10 12 TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Remove all wires from the Tank Take note of their positions Save the varistors device installed Remove the two or four high voltage cables Replace the old tank for a new one Replace the wires previously removed in Steps 1 to 3 Replace the varistors on the connection points Ma and Ma Remove the ventilation screw and check the oil level Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console Make check a few mA and settings both filaments Make a functional check of the equipment Return the defective tank to factory Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix an adhesive la
36. e contactors to switch them Any combination of stator type can be selected for each tube position Itis interesting to notice that the generator will always try to make the exposure at Low Speed if it is allowed by the tube in order to save unnecessary heat and mechanical fatigue for the bearings This means the following 1 During Fluoro always Low Speed is selected 2 During Spot Film two modes of operation can be configured a Always High Speed SW3 3 b High or Low Speed according to the tube characteristics heat units and exposure selected SW3 3 OFF C During RAD Low Speedis selected Nevertheless if the exposure is not allowed by the tube at Low Speed then High Speed will be selected automatically Note that an exposure with exactly the same parameters can be made in Low or High Speed depending upon the actual anode temperature heat units this means that a series of exposures can be started at Low Speed and finished at High Speed The input command comes from the generator through the optocouplers OP1 and OP2 to the microcomputer U17 Refer to schematic A3243 03 The signals used to control the DRAC are the following ERROR DRAC Is an output of the DRAC used to tell the Generator the actual status 4 1 and 4 2 The errors can be disconnected SW4 7 ON in order to let the Service Engineer to do the Troubleshooting WARNING when the errors are disconnected DL1 ON the DRAC will alw
37. ectors of the board Note their position Remove the four Allen screws used to secure the board in the Cabinet Replace the old board by the new one Replace the four Allen screws Replace all connectors previously removed Set the jumpers in their original positions see Step 1 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console Connectthe digital Voltmeter on 1 9 and TB1 1 GND and calibrate with Pot R29 to obtain 230 VDC for BVM CGR lon Chambers and 300 VDC for GE lon Chambers Remove the Voltmeter Make several exposures with different technic settings of AEC in order to check if the density is correct comparing with previous results If not correct make an AEC full calibration and note the new memory data Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of the field engineer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 4 SUBASSEMBLY POWER SUPPLY BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET 1 Remove all connectors of the board Note their positions 2 Remove the four Allen screws used to secure the board inthe cabinet 3 Replace the old board for the new one 4 Replace the four Allen screws 5 Replace all connectors previously removed 6 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Conso
38. ed Loop operation is selected HT Controller SW2 3 in OFF position the microcomputer U5 regulates the kV demand to keep it constant It is advisable to keep the kV Loop OPEN SW2 3 ON for normal conditions because the kV waveform is flatter Only when the generator is connected to a single phase and bad regulated line is better to close the loop to have the best regulation HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory 3 9 LF RAC LOW SPEED ROTOR CONTROLLER The stator voltage is selectable High 330 V or Low 220 V for every tube position The shifting capacitor is selectable 15 or 30 microfarads for every tube position The fan voltage is selectable 220 or 115 V for every tube position K1 is asolid state relay mounted in the panel The propose of the relay is to allow acceleration relay K1 mounted in the board to commute from acceleration voltage to running voltage without switching any current see illustration 13 At time 1 relay K1 selects acceleration voltage 220 or 330 V At time 2 50 ms later solid state relay K1 is ON flowing current through the stator coils The current transformers T1 and T2 sense the current In RTRI appears 3 2 V which corresponds to the nominal acceleration current At time 3 solid state relay switches OFF to allow acceleration relay K1 to commute at time 4 50 ms later to running voltage 60 or 90 V Attime 5 solid state relay switches ON again The vo
39. eer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 9 SUBASSEMBLY IGBT MODULE CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF MODULE 11 12 13 TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET BEFORE MANIPULATING THE BOARDS MAKE SURE THERE IS NOT VOLTAGE PRESENT IN THE CAPACITORS BANK Locate the rear cover on the Cabinet used to gain easy access to the IGBT Module Remove the four Allen screws and take off the cover Remove the following wires Remove the plastics cover first Big wires to the Primary in the HV Tank marked P1 P2 and P3 Through the window the wires go to AC1 AC2 and on the input rectifier board these wires are not marked and must be identified before being removed Ground wire located on the Cabinet frame Remove the four connectors two in each IPM Driver board These are not marked and must be identified before being removed Remove the two white wires of the L2 Choke These are not market and must be identified before being removed Remove the four connectors Two in each Charge Discharge Monitor boards These are not market and must be identified before being removed Remove the four nuts located in the rear of the Cabinet used to attach the Module to the Cabinet This Module is heavy and must be removed through the front of the Cabinet Install the new Module and attach it with the nuts removed Replace the previous wires
40. he Log Book the cause and the date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and the name of the field engineer in order to give the maximum information HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 1 2 SUBASSEMBLY ATP CPU BOARD CONSOLE PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD 10 TURN OFF THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Note the actual setting of all jumpers and switches of the board Note also the label of the EPROM U24 Console Program Remove the memories U23 924 U39 Remove all connectors of the board Note their position Remove the five Allen screws used to secure the board in the console Using the anti static protection device replace the old board for the new one Install memories U23 U24 and U39 previously removed in Step 2 If AEC option exists the AEC Control Board should be removed So remove all Allen screws and take it off Replace the five Allen screws Replace all connectors previously removed Set all jumpers and switches in their original positions see Step 1 Check if the RAM U23 and EPROM 09 APR data are present Also check if EPROM U24 is on the new board if not remove the old one and put on the new board Do not forget to use the anti static protection Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console Check if the Extended Memory Data Have not been lost or modified Compare it with Tables of the Calibration Chap
41. ion HF Series Generators HF Series Generators ASM System Interconnection SECTION 1 SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION SIGNALS Note gt For Generators with Serial Communication RS 232 or RS 422 keep in mind that the Console CPU PCB is located inside of the Power Module as ATP Console PCB Refer to this PCB during System Interconnection procedures Note Refer to System Interconnection Schematics in this document The generator is designed to easily interface with most X ray Tables both R amp F and RAD All input signals are active low This means that the inputs must be pulled to ground chassis ground of the generator thru relay contacts by a transistor or other switching device The current requirement of the switch is less than 10 mA Do not apply 115 220 VAC logic signals to any of the logic 17 CAUTION inputs If 115 220 VAC logic signals are used in the X ray table i e fluoro command these signals must be converted to a contact closure by a relay The outputs signals from the generator to the subsystem devices are usually active low switched to chassis ground of the generator The output are open collector transistor drivers with a maximum current of 1 Ampere Table 1 1 System Interconnection Signals SIGNAL NAME SIGNAL DESCRIPTION This analog input is the output from the ABC Adaptation Board or from TV Camera A DC level signal is used ABC OUT for system that uses TV Camera for the Brightness level When a
42. le 7 Connect the digital Voltmeter on the board and check the Voltages If the 5 V 12 and 12 V are not OK calibrate the correct potentiometer 8 Make a functional check on the equipment 9 Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of field engineer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 5 SUBASSEMBLY LOW SPEED BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Note the actual setting of jumpers on the board Remove all connectors of the board Note their positions Remove the four Allen screws used to secure the board in the Cabinet Replace the old board for the new one Replace the four Allen screws Replace all the connectors previously removed Set jumpers in their original position see Step 1 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console Make a functional check about the acceleration running braking times and check directly on the window the rotation of the anode Make a functional check of the equipment Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of the field engineer in order to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Jo
43. ltage in RTRI nowis 1 6 V which corresponds to the nominal running current At time 6 solid state relay switches OFF again ending the running state At time 7 50 ms later than time 6 relay K1 commutes to Braking or Accelerating voltage and K3 commutes to Braking position Between times 8 50 ms later than time 7 and 9 the stator is braking with a DC voltage applied to both coils through CR6 At the time 10 50 ms later than time 9 acceleration relay commutes again to the low voltage position ending the sequence There are several LED s to show the proper relay status These LED s are the following 051 indicating high voltage applied to the stator Acceleration or Braking state 052 indicating that the tube two is selected 053 indicating Braking state 054 indicating that current is flowing through BOTH stator coils High luminous intensity means Acceleration state Low luminous intensity means running state HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory 3 10 DRAC HIGH SPEED ROTOR CONTROLLER The Block Diagram of the DRAC is represented in illustration 14 The DRAC is a fully solid state converter which generates digitally the voltages for both stator coils auxiliary and principal shifted 90 This characteristic gives two big advantages The bulky shifting capacitors for high speed low speed auxiliary coil and principal coil are no longer needed neither th
44. m exposure time 1 ms The generator can supply two basic X Ray tubes Supply for a third tube is optional These X Ray tubes must be selected from the list given in the Service Manual The rotation speed can be 3300 and 10000 rpm HF Series Generators SECTION 2 2 1 2 2 GENERAL ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory THEORY OF OPERATION The generator is designed to equip a conventional radiology room The generator provides the X Ray tube tubes two tubes and a third on option with High voltage Filament heating current Anode motor control The generator ensures dialog between the various pieces of equipment in the radiology room The generator is equipped with a control console with an anatomic programming option GENERATOR OPERATION See General Block Diagrams illustration 1 and 2 The Input Line Panel supplies the whole X Ray Room including the generator The Power Module rectifies and filters the line supply to provide the DC voltage for the IGBT s Inverter and also for the DRAC from 300 to 750 v The inverter modulates at fixed frequency of 25 kHz producing an AC voltage which supplies the HVT The HVT converts this AC voltage to high voltage which is rectified and filtered to give the high voltage up to 150 kV to supply the X Ray tube tubes The autotransformer T2 in the Back Panel produces the voltages DC or AC for the whole generator HF Series Generators
45. nchronous with the AC line This signal originates on the Interface PCB and is used to synchronize LINE SYNC Fluoro exposures with the AC line 1 A low signal selects Magnification 1 mode on the Image Tube 2 A low signal selects Magnification 2 mode on the Image Tube EN A low signal enables a frame grabber function in some Video Camera Alow signal enables a record function in some Video Camera Some time it can be used to start a VCR or other MEM GATE recording device not integrated into the Video Camera NORM A low signal selects Normal mode on the Image Tube PREP Command to the HT Control PCB to boost X ray Tub Filament to the value of mA selected and to start the X ray 7 Tube Rotor is RAD Tube is selected This analog input is normally the output of the Photo Multiplier Tube in the Image System and is used for PT INPUT Automatic Brightness Control A DC level signal can be used for system that uses a solid state pick up device or the TV Camera for the Brightness level When a DC level is used an input range of 0 to 10 volts is required The stabilized value of the input will be between 5 and 7 volts PT SPLY Power supply output for the Photomultiplier The level of this signal is controlled by the HV PT CRL HF Series Generators ASM System Interconnection Table 1 1 System Interconnection Signals SIGNAL NAME SIGNAL DESCRIPTION This low going signal indicates the system is ready
46. ntrol PCB as a command to output a Bucky 1 normally the Table Bucky drive BUCKY 1 DR CMD signal BUCKY 1 MOTION This low going signal from Bucky 1 indicates Bucky 1 in motion and therefore the exposure is enabled This signal is originated from the Bucky supply of the Power Module when an exposure order It starts the BUCKY 1 DR Bucky A low signal to the Interface Control PCB as a command to output a Bucky 2 normally the Vertical Bucky BUCKY Stand drive signal BUCKY 2 MOTION This low going signal from Bucky 2 indicates Bucky 2 in motion and therefore the exposure is enabled This signal is originated from the Bucky supply of the Power Module when an exposure order It starts the BUCKY 2 DR Bucky EXP This low going 0 volts signal starts the Bucky exposure The signal originates on the Interface PCB BUCKY SPLY Voltage supply required for the Bucky drive command CAM SYNC Sync signal from TV Camera This signal is used for timing in the generator This signal interfaces to any Video Camera A low signal tells the camera that the generator is making Fluoro FL EXP exposure and the Camera should unblank CLK Serial data clock to the HT Control PCB This clock synchronizes the DATA signal C HT DATA Serial data to the HT Control PCB This data is synchronous with the C HT CLK signal This low signal indicates that E
47. or avoids the HVT core saturation due to the elimination of the DC component The output cables of the Power Inverter are shielded the shields are connected to the negative input terminal to avoid noise problems Both cables goes through an isolated metallic tube which is also connected to the negative input terminal 3 12 TUBE CHANGE AND FILAMENT CHANGE The filament and tube change are performed in the Interface Control Board located in the Front Panel see schematic The Tube 2 change order comes from the ATP Console to the HT Controller through the Serial Link and then to the Rotor Controller LF RAC or DRAC Later is sent to the Interface Control 4 18 activating the relay K5 The relay K5 sends the order to the HVT solenoid in order to change the High Voltage Switch position 21 HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory The HVT sends back to the ATP Console the actual position of the High Voltage Switch the signal HV INTLK through connector J3 13 to check the proper tube selection The filament selection comes from the HT Controller 1 13 to the Interface Control P4 19 activating the relay K7 C17 BR2 K11 and its associated circuitry detects the filament selection sending back through 4 22 to the HT Controller 1 8 in order to check the correct operation Due to the physical structure of the High Voltage Switch inside the HVT Filament 1 has two different meanings
48. riable rate HT C CLK Serial data clock from the HT Control PCB This clock synchronizes the DATA signal HT C DAT Serial data from the HT Control PCB This data is synchronous with the CLK signal HT INL This signal is low when the switch in the high voltage transformer is in the RAD position This is a safety interlock which prevents an exposure if the high voltage switch in the HV Transformer is in the wrong position This analogic signal controls the output of the HV Power Supply on the Interface Control PCB This signal HV PT CRL originates on the optional AEC Control PCB Plus 5 volts programs the output to be 0 volts and 0 volts programs the output to approximately 1200 volts IC GND GND for the IC SPLY IC1 INPUT This input is the output of the Bucky 1 lon Chamber normally the Table lon Chamber IC2 INPUT This input is the output of the Bucky 2 lon Chamber normally the Vertical Bucky Stand lon Chamber IC3 INPUT This input is the output of the Spot Film lon Chamber IC SPLY Power supply for the lon Chamber This output should be within the range of 500 to 800 volts A low signal is a command for the HT Control PCB to drive the Fluoro DOWN when during a Fluoro kV DWN exposure the ABC mode A low signal is command for the HT Control PCB to drive the Fluoro kVp UP when during a Fluoro exposure in kV UP the ABC mode CONT A low signal energizes the main line contactor K5 in the Power Module Signal sy
49. roper stator operation The common wire current obtained with the difference between the auxiliary and principal wires in order to check the proper 90 phase shifting The DRAC has a very powerful error detection with 43 different codes That means a very helpful tool for the troubleshooting As seen before the errors can be disabled SW4 7 in order to do some measurements The error code is sent to the Generator through an asynchronous serial link There are 8 LED s in the DRAC DL1 lighting when the DRAC errors are disabled with the switch SW4 7 ON 012 is connected to the DRAC ERROR CODE serial link The microcomputer is sending the error status to the Generator every 1 4 seconds so DL2 is flashing all the time indicating that the serial link is operating properly DL3 indicating rotor ready when is lighting DL4 indicating selection of tube 1 DL5 indicating selection of tube 2 When neither DL4 nor DL5 is lighting tube 3 is selected DL6 indicating that the DC brake is operating 017 and DL8 indicating high voltage present in the power inverter 17 HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory The IGBT s power inverter output is connected to 2 transformers Auxiliary and Main to adapt the voltage and isolate the stator from the input line inverter power supply THE DRAC OUTPUT VOLTAGE CAN BE AS HIGH AS 1000 VRMS FOR SAFETY REASONS TO AVOID
50. rough Q1 A normally open contact of the same relay keeps K1 self energized A contact of K1 energizes K3 in the Rectifiers Panel K3 is the general Switch ON relay which supplies the power for the Front Panel electronic control of the cabinet and the Console The Console and the Cabinet microcomputers start to work checking the whole system The line contactor K5 is not yet activated so the room still does n ot have power When the ON push button is depressed in the console Mosfet Q2 is activated in the ATP Console board Inthe Interface Control board Front Panel K1 supply is short circuited to GND through Q2 the relay K1 The general Switch ON relay is also de energized HF Series Generators 3 2 3 3 24 V DELAYED ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory The 24 V delayed is a security voltage which appears after the Switching ON transient in order to avoid a false early connection of the Filter Capacitors Bank C1 C4 in the Power Module through the Charge Contactor The 24 V delayed are present in connector P5 2 when the relay K8 is energized See schematic Interface Control board To energize the relay K8 it is necessary fulfill two conditions Capacitor C14 has to be charged through R33 time delay is equivalent to the time constant C14 and R33 The Line Contactor has to be already energized Once the relay K8 is energized the 24 V del
51. rs 3 8 ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory CLOSED LOOP OPERATION Refer to illustration 12 for the Closed Loop Block Diagram The generator has two different kind of loops Hardware Loops and Software Loops The first Hardware Loop is the filament current The microcomputer U5 sends the filament demand through U22 according to the calibrated data Modulator U23 generates a PWM of 6 6 kHz keeping the filament current constant according to the demand received from U5 The converter U21 guaranties the stabilized RMS value in the filament the proper value for heating The second Hardware Loop is the kV The microcomputer U5 sends the kV demand through U17 to modulator U19 according to the exposure data sent by the Console Modulator U19 generates a PWM of 25 kHz according to the demand received from U5 and the feedback received from the HVT The PWM is sent to the Power Module to drive the HVT The first Software Loop is the mA The microcomputer U5 reads the mA through U4 If mA Closed Loop operation is selected HT Controller SW2 4 in OFF position the microcomputer U5 regulates the filament demand in order obtain the proper mA in the X Ray tube The mA Closed Loop operation is necessary to keep constant the mA value in long time exposures due to the cooling effect of the filament when is emitting electrons to the anode The second Software Loop is the kV The microcomputer U5 reads the kV through U4 If kV Clos
52. s Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory PREPARATION AND EXPOSURE TIME CONTROL Preparation and Exposure switches enter in the ATP Console microcomputer U30 through U25 see illustration 11 The microcomputer U30 sends the preparation signal through U5 if the watchdog U4 is activated and U7 to the Cabinet The preparation signal reaches microcomputer U5 in the HT Controller through the optocoupler U1 The microcomputer U5 selects the filament and starts the rotor After a certain programmable time U5 sends the READY signal to the ATP Console through the Serial Link When the microcomputer 030 receives the exposure order two thinks happen at the same time 030 load the exposure time in 021 timer 030 sends the exposure order to the Console through the gate U5 and enters in U7 if the watchdog U4 is activated The exposure order reaches the cabinet microcomputer U5 the HT Controller through optocoupler U2 The modulator U19 sends the 25 kHz PWM to the Power Module starting the X Ray exposure The cabinet microcomputer U5 can abort the radiation through the input kV safety if any problem occurs during the exposure Once the exposure has ended the timer U21 interrupts the microcomputer U30 through the interrupt controller U29 030 stops the exposure through U5 U7 and U2 The modulator U19 stops the PWM to the Power Module and the X Ray exposure is ended HF Series Generato
53. t EXP Stop EXP ASM Technical Publication Modules Description of Compact Generator 1 Tube LS Mini HF Series Generators HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact Generator 1 Tube LS Mini MODULE 3 CONTROL MODULE HT CONTROL board INTERFACE CONTROL board 1 2 3 a e 00 FLAWENTORVERDewd 0 km 3A 3A 3A 3 K 3 3F6 19V fuse 3F7 10V fuse 3F8 115V fuse 3F9 LVDC fuse 3C6 24V capacitor 3C7 12V capacitor 3TS1 INTERFACE OUTPUT terminal strip MODULE 4 STARTER MODULE LF RACK board START filter START relay PHASE SHIFT capacitor DISCHARGE resistor LOAD resistor RELAY filter TUBE terminal strip INTERFACE terminal strip HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact Generator 1 Tube LS Mini MODULE 5 INVERTER MODULE 5C8 FILTER capacitor HT Capacitor FILTER capacitor FILTER capacitor HT Inductor BUS Inductor IGBT IGBT HF Series Generators ASM Modules Description of Compact Generator 1 Tube LS Mini MODULE 6 POWER INPUT MODULE 6F5 LINE L3 fuse INPUT TRANSFORMER fuse INPUT TRANSFORMER fuse INPUT filter MODULE 7 ADAPTATIONS MODULE TOMO BUCKY ADAPTATION board AEC ADAPTATION board LOCKS board MODULE 9 HT MODULE 9HT1HT TRANSFORMER ASM Technical Publication
54. t jumpers in their original position see Step 1 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power On the Console Make several exposures with AEC different technic settings in order to check if the selection is correct Make a functional check of the equipment Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of the field engineer to give maximum info HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 8 SUBASSEMBLY CHARGE DISCHARGE MONITOR BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET BEFORE MANIPULATE THE BOARDS MAKE SURE THERE 15 NOT VOLTAGE PRESENT IN THE CAPACITORS BANK 1 Remove All connectors of the board Note their positions 2 Remove the four Allen screws used to secure the board in the Cabinet 3 Replace the old board for the new one 4 Replace the four Allen screws 5 Replace all the connectors previously removed 6 Power ON the Electrical Cabinet and Power ON the Console 7 Make check about the correct operation Led ON and check 0 VDC inthe resistor R4 when the equipment is ON and more than 200 VDC right after the equipment is Powered Off 8 Make a functional check of the equipment 9 Note on the Log Book the cause and date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of field engin
55. ter in the Service Manual Make a functional check of the Equipment This means a complete check included all options such us Tomo AEC APR etc Note on the Log Book the cause and the date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside of the new board indicating the date and name of the field engineer in order to give maximum information HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 1 3 SUBASSEMBLY ATP CPU BOARD CONSOLE PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD TURN OFF THE GENERATOR IN THE ELECTRICAL CABINET Remove the Allen screw used to secure the board on the CPU board Replace the old board by the new one Exits a flat cable to the CPU board and is connected through a socket directly on the CPU board Be sure the pins 1 and 2 of J1 match with pins 1 and 2 of J12 B on CPU console Replace the Allen screw Power on the electrical cabinet and power on the console Make a functional check of AEC This means a complete check of the lon Chambers in the installation Make a functional check of the equipment Note on the log book the cause and the date of the replacement and fix an adhesive label beside the new board indicating the date and name of field engineer in order to give maximum information HF Series Generators ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures Job Card 2 1 SUBASSEMBLY HT CONTROLLER BOARD CABINET PURPOSE REPLACEMENT OF BOARD o 10 12
56. tion Chamber in order to finish the X Ray exposure HF Series Generators ASM Line Powered HF Generator Theory 3 6 CONTROLLER The Block Diagram of the HT Controller PCB it is represented in the illustration 10 The core U5 is the 89C55 with program memory included in the chip The calibration data is stored the same data in two different memory locations for security reasons in a non volatile memory EEPROM U3 An ADC U4 is used to monitor and control Rotor current to check the proper status acceleration run or brake of the low speed LF RAC Line Frequency Rotating Anode Controller Filament current to check the correct heating value of the filament kVp to check the correct actual value of the X Ray exposure mA to check the correct actual value of the X Ray exposure and also to close the mA loop to correct automatically the variations The bi directional Synchronous Serial Link it was already described Two D A converters are used 022 to produce the filament current demand 021 converts the RMS current value to a DC value Modulator U23 produces a 6 6 kHz PWM to get the proper and stabilized heating filament current value U17 to produce the kVp demand Modulator 019 produces 25 kHz PWM to control the Power Module The general propose outputs are performed with open collector drivers The general propose inputs are performed with optocouplers HF Serie
57. to make an exposure Prep cycle completed This signal is READY used to interface to some Film Changers etc ROOM LIGHT This low going signal indicates the X ray preparation or exposure This signal is used to interface to the Room X ray warning light SFC This low going signal from a Spot Film camera indicates that the Spot Film camera has been selected and will be used for the next exposure This low going signal indicates the system to boost the filament to the level required for the mA selected on the SF PREP Control Console and prepares the system for a Spot Film This input is read only when the Tube 2 Fluoro Spot Film is selected STRT DR A low signal to indicate the start of an exposure to the lon Chamber THERMOSTAT 1 This signal from X ray Tube indicates the overheat of the Tube 1 THERMOSTAT 2 This signal from X ray Tube indicates the overheat of the Tube 2 Vertical Sync pulses from the TV Camera In Fixed Rate Pulsed Fluoro the X ray tube is pulsed at line rate V SYNC However with the Variable Rate Pulsed Fluoroscopy option the X ray tube is pulsed at rate selected by the operator the rate is driven from the V Sync signal itis obtained by dividing the timing frequency of the V sync ASM Technical Publication Disassemble Reassemble Procedures HF Series Generators HF Series Generators SECTION 1 1 1 ASM Disassemble Reassemble Procedures DISASSEMBLE REASSEMB

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