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Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service

1. VMware Inc 9 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service E The virtual machines share a private network connection for the private heartbeat and a public network connection m Each virtual machine is connected to shared storage which can be local or on a SAN Figure 1 1 Virtual Machines Clustered on a Single Host private virtual machine virtual machine Node2 cluster z cluster software software physical machine storage local or SAN Clustering Virtual Machines Across Physical Hosts A cluster of virtual machines across physical hosts also known as a cluster across boxes protects against software failures and hardware failures on the physical machine by placing the cluster nodes on separate ESX ESXi hosts This configuration requires shared storage on an FC SAN for the quorum disk Figure 1 2 shows a cluster across boxes setup m Two virtual machines on two different physical machines ESX ESXi hosts run clustering software E The virtual machines share a private network connection for the private heartbeat and a public network connection m Each virtual machine is connected to shared storage which must be on a SAN Figure 1 2 Virtual Machines Clustered Across Hosts private network virtual machine virtual machine Node1 Node2 kerd public r network physical machine physical machine storage SAN This setup provides significant hardware cost savings You can expand the cl
2. 2 Cluster the physical machine with the new virtual machine 30 VMware Inc Upgrade Clustered Virtual Machines You can upgrade clustered virtual machines following the procedures in the Upgrade Guide Perform upgrades in the order listed for each upgrade scenario Note During the upgrade process you do not need to change legacy configuration parameters that are not listed in this guide Upgrade ESX 3 x to ESX 4 0 Upgrade ESX 3 x hosts to ESX 4 0 using the procedure Upgrading ESX 4 0 in the Upgrade Guide ESX 4 0 ESXi 4 0 and vCenter Server 4 0 Upgrade ESX 2 5 2 to ESX 4 0 You must follow these steps for the upgrade to complete successfully 1 Upgrade ESX 2 5 2 hosts to ESX Server 3 using the procedure Upgrading VMware ESX Server in the Installation and Upgrade Guide VMware Virtual Infrastructure 2 Update clusters on ESX Server 3 hosts using the procedure Updating Clusters in Setup for Microsoft Cluster Service ESX Server 3 0 and VirtualCenter 2 0 3 Upgrade ESX 3 x hosts to ESX 4 0 using the procedure Upgrading ESX 4 0 in the Upgrade Guide ESX 4 0 ESXi 4 0 and vCenter Server 4 0 VMware Inc 31 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 32 VMware Inc vSphere MSCS Setup Checklist When you set up MSCS on ESX ESXi refer to the checklists to configure your environment according to the requirements You can also use the checklists to verify that your setup meets the requirements if you n
3. 29 supported configurations 12 single host clustering 9 standby host 11 27 28 storage quorum disk 17 23 29 shared 12 17 23 29 support 7 T technical support checklist 33 thick format disks 11 U upgrading virtual machines 31 V virtual compatibility mode 21 27 virtual machines upgrading 31 VMkernel 15 vmkfstools 16 22 VMotion 12 VMware Inc
4. and to local or remote storage for the virtual disk The virtual machine has two available network connections one for the private heartbeat and one for public communications Figure 2 1 Cluster in a Box Setup for One Node machine physical local or remote storage remote storage What to do next Add hard disks to the second node Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for Clusters on One Physical Host 18 To allow shared access to clustered services and data point the quorum disk of the second node to the same location as the first node s quorum disk Point any shared storage disks to the same location as the first node s shared storage disks Prerequisites Before you begin obtain the following information m Which virtual device node is for the first virtual machine s shared storage disks for example SCSI 1 0 m The location of the quorum disk specified for the first node Procedure 1 Inthe vSphere Client inventory select the second virtual machine that you created and select Edit Settings The Virtual Machine Properties dialog box appears 2 Click Add select Hard Disk and click Next 3 Select Use an existing virtual disk and click Next 4 Select the same virtual device node you chose for the first virtual machine s shared storage disks for example SCSI 1 0 and click Next Note The location of the virtual device node for this virtual machine s shared storage must match the corresponding virtua
5. 21 27 continuous clustered replication CCR 13 D disks adding to nodes 17 18 23 format 11 quorum 17 23 29 shared 17 23 29 E eagerzeroedthick 11 15 21 ESX ESXi 15 21 27 Ethernet adapter 15 21 F Fault Tolerance FT 12 feedback 7 Fibre Channel FC SAN 9 13 17 21 first node creating 15 21 27 format disks 11 15 21 eagerzeroedthick 11 15 21 thick 11 G guest operating system requirements 11 VMware Inc H hardware requirements 11 hardware version 7 12 high availability HA 9 l iSCSI 12 iSCSI SAN 13 L LSI Logic Parallel 11 17 23 24 29 LSI Logic SAS 11 17 23 24 29 M Microsoft Cluster Service MSCS boot from SAN 13 installing 30 Microsoft Exchange and CCR See continuous clustered replication CCR multipathing 27 multiple host clustering 10 N N Port ID Virtualization NPIV 12 native multipathing NMP 12 NFS 12 NIC virtual 11 NTP server 11 P physical compatibility mode 12 21 23 24 27 physical virtual pairs creating 30 Q quorum disk 17 23 29 R RDM non pass through 12 27 pass through 12 27 requirements checklist 33 clustering 11 guest operating system 11 hardware 11 35 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 36 S SAN boot from 13 SCSI adapter virtual 11 SCSI bus sharing physical 23 24 29 virtual 17 second node creating 16 22 28 service console 15 21 27 shared storage disks 17 23
6. components Table 1 1 lists hardware and software requirements that apply to all vSphere MSCS configurations VMware Inc 11 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service Table 1 1 Clustering Requirements Component Requirement Virtual SCSI adapter LSI Logic Parallel for Windows 2000 Server LSI Logic Parallel for Windows Server 2003 LSI Logic SAS for Windows Server 2008 Operating system Windows Server 2003 SP2 Windows 2000 Server SP4 or Windows Server 2008 Virtual NIC Use the default type for all guest operating systems T O timeout Set to 60 seconds or more Modify HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE System CurrentControLSet Services Disk TimeOutVa Lue The system might reset this I O timeout value if you recreate a cluster You must reset the value in that case Disk format Select Support clustering features such as Fault Tolerance to create disks in eagerzeroedthick format Disk and networking Add networking before disks Refer to the VMware knowledge base article at setup http kb vmware com kb 1513 if you encounter any errors Number of nodes Use two node clustering NTP server Synchronize domain controllers and cluster nodes with a common NTP server and disable host based time synchronization when using clustering in the guest Supported Shared Storage Configurations Different MSCS cluster setups support different types of shared storage configurations Some setups support more than one typ
7. disk in eagerzeroedthick format Ready to Complete Select Edit the virtual machine settings before completion and click Continue The Virtual Machine Properties dialog box appears 4 Inthe Virtual Machine Properties dialog box select New NIC adding 5 Under Network Connection select a label from the Network Label list The network label refers to the network to be used for virtual machine traffic for the cluster either public or private 6 Click Finish to complete creating the virtual machine Note Do not add shared cluster disks at this time 7 Inthe Virtual Machine Properties dialog box click Add 8 From the list of devices select Ethernet Adapter and click Next 9 Select the adapter type and network label m If you selected a private network for the first network adapter you must select a public network for this network adapter m Ifyou selected a public network for the first network adapter you must select a private network adapter 10 Click Next and click Finish to complete creating the device 11 Install a Windows Server operating system on the virtual machine The new node appears in the virtual machine inventory What to do next Clone the virtual machine to create the second node Create the Second Node for Clusters on One Physical Host To create the second node you clone the first virtual machine that you created using the vSphere Client connected to a vCenter Server system A Cautio
8. the second node by setting up a virtual machine for clustering across physical machines Create the Second Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines To create the second node you set up a virtual machine for clustering across physical machines You configure the virtual network adapters to handle virtual machine traffic for the cluster a private network connection for the private heartbeat and a public network connection Prerequisites Before you begin make sure that the shared storage that is visible from the physical machine that you configured in Create the First Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines on page 27 is also visible from the virtual machine Procedure 1 Open the vSphere Client and connect to the ESX ESXi host Use the user name and password of the user who will own the virtual machine 2 Inthe vSphere Client inventory right click the host and select New Virtual Machine 3 Proceed through the wizard to create the virtual machine Option Action Configuration Select Typical Name and Location Enter a name and select a location Datastore Select a datastore as the location for the virtual machine configuration file and the virtual machine disk vmdk file Guest Operating System Select the Windows Server operating system that you intend to install Create Disk Enter the appropriate value in Virtual disk size Select Support clustering features such as Fault Tolerance to cr
9. up a Continuous Clustered Replication Environment for Microsoft Exchange You can set up a Continuous Cluster Replication or Database Availability Groups with Exchange 2010 in your vSphere environment When working in a vSphere environment m Use virtual machines instead of physical machines as the cluster components m Use physical compatibility mode RDMs If the boot disks of the CCR virtual machines are on a SAN refer to MSCS and Booting from a SAN on page 13 For more information refer to Microsoft s documentation for CCR clusters on the Microsoft Web site VMware Inc 13 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 14 VMware Inc Cluster Virtual Machines on One Physical Host You can create a two node MSCS cluster on a single ESX ESXi host Prerequisites A cluster of virtual machines on one physical machine requires an ESX ESXi host with the following m For ESX hosts use one physical network adapter for the service console Use a separate physical network adapter for clustered virtual machines to connect with external hosts m For ESXi use one physical network adapter for the VMkernel Use a separate physical network adapter for clustered virtual machines to connect with external hosts This chapter includes the following topics m Create the First Node for Clusters on One Physical Host on page 15 m Create the Second Node for Clusters on One Physical Host on page 16 m Add H
10. 1 m Supported Shared Storage Configurations on page 12 m vSphere MSCS Setup Limitations on page 12 m MSCS and Booting from a SAN on page 13 m Setting up a Continuous Clustered Replication Environment for Microsoft Exchange on page 13 Clustering Configuration Overview Several applications use clustering including stateless applications such as Web servers and applications with built in recovery features such as database servers You can set up MSCS clusters in several configurations depending on your environment A typical clustering setup includes m Disks that are shared between nodes A shared disk is required as a quorum disk In a cluster of virtual machines across physical hosts the shared disk must be on a Fibre Channel FC SAN m A private heartbeat network between nodes You can set up the shared disks and private heartbeat using one of several clustering configurations Clustering Virtual Machines on a Single Host A cluster of virtual machines on a single host also known as a cluster in a box consists of two clustered virtual machines on the same ESX ESXi host connected to the same storage either local or remote This configuration protects against failures at the operating system and application level but it does not protect against hardware failures Figure 1 1 shows a cluster in a box setup Two virtual machines on the same physical machine ESX ESXi host run clustering software
11. OK 12 On the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box set SCSI Bus Sharing to Physical and click OK What to do next Install Microsoft Cluster Service Install Microsoft Cluster Service For Windows Server 2003 operating systems only after you set up the first and second nodes you must configure Microsoft Cluster Service See Microsoft s documentation for creating and configuring server clusters on the Microsoft Web site In some complex storage solutions such as an FC switched fabric a particular storage unit might have a different identity target ID or raw disk ID on each computer in the cluster Although this is a valid storage configuration it causes a problem when you want to add a node to the cluster The following procedure allows you to avoid target identity problems when using clustering with Windows 2003 Procedure 1 Within the Microsoft Cluster Administrator utility on the Select Computer page click Advanced to disable the storage validation heuristics 2 Select the Advanced minimum configuration option and click OK Microsoft Cluster Service should operate normally in the virtual machine after it is installed What to do next Create additional physical virtual pairs if necessary Create Additional Physical Virtual Pairs If you have additional physical machines you can create additional clusters for each Procedure 1 On the ESX ESXi host set up an additional virtual machine for the physical machine
12. QLogic or Emulex in the physical Windows machine Do not run multipathing software in the physical or virtual machines Use only a single physical path from the host to the storage arrays in standby host configurations This chapter includes the following topics Create the First Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines on page 27 Create the Second Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines on page 28 Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines on page 29 Install Microsoft Cluster Service on page 30 Create Additional Physical Virtual Pairs on page 30 Create the First Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines The first node in a standby host setup is a physical machine For information about setting up a physical machine that participates in an MSCS cluster see the Microsoft Cluster Service documentation VMware Inc 27 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service Procedure Set up the physical machine using the settings listed in the table Component Requirement Windows Cluster Administrator Advanced minimum configuration if Windows 2003 is used application Network adapters At least two Storage Access to the same storage on a SAN as the ESX ESXi host on which the corresponding virtual machine will run Operating system Installed on each physical machine What to do next Create
13. Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service ESX 4 0 ESXi 4 0 vCenter Server 4 0 This document supports the version of each product listed and supports all subsequent versions until the document is replaced by a new edition To check for more recent editions of this document see http www vmware com support pubs EN 000121 03 vmware Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service You can find the most up to date technical documentation on the VMware Web site at http www vmware com support The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates If you have comments about this documentation submit your feedback to docfeedback vmware com Copyright 2011 VMware Inc All rights reserved This product is protected by U S and international copyright and intellectual property laws VMware products are covered by one or more patents listed at http www vmware com go patents VMware is a registered trademark or trademark of VMware Inc in the United States and or other jurisdictions All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies VMware Inc 3401 Hillview Ave Palo Alto CA 94304 www vmware com 2 VMware Inc Contents Updated Information 5 About This Book 7 1 Getting Started with MSCS 9 Clustering Configuration Overview 9 Hardware and Software Requirements for Clustering 11 Supported Shared Storage Configurations 12 vSphe
14. able 6 2 lists the components in your environment that have requirements for options or settings VMware Inc 33 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service Table 6 2 Other Clustering Requirements and Recommendations Component Requirement Disk If you place the boot disk on a virtual disk select Support Clustering Features such as Fault Tolerance during disk provisioning The only disks that you should not create with the eagerzeroedthick option are RDM files both physical and virtual compatibility mode Windows Use Windows Server 2003 SP2 32 bit Windows Server 2003 64 bit SP2 Windows 2000 Server SP4 or Windows Server 2008 Only two cluster nodes Disk I O timeout is 60 seconds or more HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE System CurrentControlSet Services Disk TimeOutVa Lue Nore If you recreate the cluster this value might be reset to its default so you must change it again The cluster service must restart automatically on failure first second and subsequent times ESX configuration Do not overcommit memory Set the Memory Reservation minimum memory option to the same as the amount of memory assigned to the virtual machine If you must overcommit memory the swap file must be local not on the SAN Multipathing Running third party multipathing software is not supported Required Information for Technical Support Table 6 3 lists the files and settings to collect if you require technical suppo
15. ard Disks to the First Node for Clusters on One Physical Host on page 17 m Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for Clusters on One Physical Host on page 18 Create the First Node for Clusters on One Physical Host To create the first node you create and configure a virtual machine with two virtual network adapters and install a guest operating system on the virtual machine You configure the virtual network adapters to handle virtual machine traffic for the cluster a private network connection for the private heartbeat and a public network connection Procedure 1 Open the vSphere Client and connect to the ESX ESXi host or a vCenter Server system Use the user name and password of the user who will own the virtual machine 2 Inthe vSphere Client inventory right click the host and select New Virtual Machine 3 Proceed through the wizard to create the virtual machine Option Action Configuration Select Typical Name and Location Enter a name and select a location Datastore Select a datastore as the location for the virtual machine configuration file and the virtual machine disk vmdk file Guest Operating System Select the Windows Server operating system that you intend to install VMware Inc 15 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service Option Action Create Disk Enter the appropriate value in Virtual disk size Select Support clustering features such as Fault Tolerance to create a
16. ators who are familiar with VMware technology and Microsoft Cluster Service Nore This is not a guide to using Microsoft Cluster Service or Failover Clustering Use your Microsoft documentation for information about installation and configuration of Microsoft Cluster Service or Failover Clustering Document Feedback VMware welcomes your suggestions for improving our documentation If you have comments send your feedback to docfeedback vmware com VMware vSphere Documentation The vSphere documentation consists of the combined VMware vCenter Server and ESX ESXi documentation set Abbreviations Used in Figures The figures in this book use the abbreviations listed in Table 2 Table 2 Abbreviations Abbreviation Description FC Fibre Channel SAN Storage area network type datastore shared between managed hosts VM Virtual machines on a managed host VMware Inc 7 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service Table 2 Abbreviations Continued Abbreviation Description VNIC Virtual NIC VSCSI Virtual SCSI adapter Technical Support and Education Resources The following technical support resources are available to you To access the current version of this book and other books go to http www vmware com support pubs Online and Telephone Support Support Offerings VMware Professional Services To use online support to submit technical support requests view your product and contract in
17. e Select the recommended type of shared storage for best results Table 1 2 lists supported setups for each clustering solution Table 1 2 Shared Storage Requirements Clusters Across Clusters of Physical Clusters on One Physical Physical Machines and Virtual Machines Machine Cluster Across Standby Host Storage Type Cluster in a Box Boxes Clustering Virtual disks Yes No No recommended Pass through RDM No Yes Yes physical compatibility mode recommended Non pass through RDM Yes Yes No virtual compatibility mode Note Clusters across physical machines with non pass through RDM is supported only for clustering with Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server 2003 It is not supported for clustering with Windows Server 2008 vSphere MSCS Setup Limitations Before you set up MSCS review the list of functionality that is not supported for this release and any requirements and recommendations that apply to your configuration The following environments and functionality are not supported for MSCS setups with this release of vSphere m Clustering on iSCSI FCoE and NFS disks m Mixed environments such as configurations where one cluster node is running a different version of ESX ESXi than another cluster node 12 VMware Inc Chapter 1 Getting Started with MSCS m Clustered virtual machines as part of VMware clusters DRS or HA m Use of MSCS in conjunction with VMware Fault Tolerance m Migration with VMoti
18. e vSphere Client inventory select the newly created virtual machine and select Edit Settings The Virtual Machine Properties dialog box appears Click Add select Hard Disk and click Next Select Create a new virtual disk and click Next Select the disk size Under Disk Provisioning select Support clustering features such as Fault Tolerance You can also use a mapped SAN LUN set to virtual compatibility mode Click Next From the Virtual Device Node drop down menu select a new SCSI controller for example SCSI 1 0 Note You must select anew virtual device node You cannot use SCSI 0 Click Next and click Finish The wizard creates a new hard disk and a new SCSI controller In the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box select the new SCSI controller and click Change Type The Change SCSI Controller Type dialog box appears Select the appropriate type of controller depending on your operating system Operating System Type of Controller Windows 2000 Server LSI Logic Parallel Windows Server 2003 LSI Logic Parallel Windows Server 2008 LSI Logic SAS You must download the LSI Logic Parallel driver for Windows 2000 Server on the LSI Web site Click OK On the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box set SCSI Bus Sharing to Virtual and click OK 17 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service Figure 2 1 shows the setup a virtual machine connected to the shared storage on the Fibre Channel FC SAN
19. eate a disk in eagerzeroedthick format Ready to Complete Select Edit the virtual machine settings before completion and click Continue The Virtual Machine Properties dialog box appears 4 In the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box select New NIC adding 5 Under Network Connection select a label from the Network Label list The network label refers to the network to be used for virtual machine traffic for the cluster either public or private 6 Click Finish to complete creating the virtual machine 28 VMware Inc 10 11 Chapter 4 Cluster Physical and Virtual Machines In the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box click Add From the list of devices select Ethernet Adapter and click Next Select the adapter type and network label m Ifyou selected a private network for the first network adapter you must select a public network for this network adapter m If you selected a public network for the first network adapter you must select a private network adapter Click Next and click Finish to complete creating the device Install a Windows Server operating system on the virtual machine The new node appears in the virtual machine inventory What to do next Add hard disks to the second node Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines When you add hard disks to the second node you set up the disks to point to the quorum disk and shared storage disks if any for the
20. eed technical support Requirements for Clustered Disks Each type of clustered disk has its own requirements depending on whether it is in a single host cluster or multihost cluster Table 6 1 lists the requirements Table 6 1 Requirements for Clustered Disks Component Single Host Clustering Multihost Clustering Clustered virtual disk vmdk SCSI bus sharing mode must be set Not supported to virtual Clustered disks virtual Device type must be set to virtual Device type must be set to virtual compatibility compatibility mode non pass compatibility mode mode for cluster across boxes but not for through RDM SCSI bus sharing mode must be set standby host clustering or cluster across boxes to virtual mode on Windows 2008 A single shared RDM mapping file SCSI bus sharing mode must be set to physical for each clustered disk is required Requires a single shared RDM mapping file for each clustered disk Clustered disks physical Not supported Device type must be set to Physical compatibility mode pass compatibility mode during hard disk creation through RDM SCSI bus sharing mode must be set to physical the default A single shared RDM mapping file for each clustered disk is required All types All clustered nodes must use the same target ID on the virtual SCSI adapter for the same clustered disk A separate virtual adapter must be used for clustered disks Other Requirements and Recommendations T
21. erver 2003 LSI Logic Parallel Windows Server 2008 LSI Logic SAS You must download the LSI Logic Parallel driver for Windows 2000 Server on the LSI Web site Click OK Set SCSI Bus Sharing to Physical and click OK Figure 3 2 shows the completed setup including the shared storage on the quorum disk and the shared private network VMware Inc 25 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service Figure 3 2 Cluster Across Boxes nooo Setup VNIC1 VNIC2 VNIC2 VNIC1 virtual machine virtual machine Node1 Node2 vscsit physical physical machine machine local or remote storage local or remote storage remote storage 26 VMware Inc Cluster Physical and Virtual Machines You can create an MSCS cluster in which each physical machine has a corresponding virtual machine This type of configuration is known as a standby host cluster Prerequisites A standby host cluster has specific hardware and software requirements Use ESX ESXi hosts that have the following Two physical network adapters dedicated to the MSCS cluster and to the public and private networks m One physical network adapter dedicated to the service console ESX hosts or the VMkernel ESXi hosts Use RDMs in physical compatibility mode pass through RDM You cannot use virtual disks or RDMs in virtual compatibility mode non pass through RDM for shared storage Use the STORport Miniport driver for the Fibre Channel FC HBA
22. first node The setup allows shared access to clustered services and data Procedure 1 nH oO FF WO N VMware Inc In the vSphere Client inventory select the newly created virtual machine and select Edit Settings The Virtual Machine Properties dialog box appears Click Add select Hard Disk and click Next Select Raw Device Mappings and click Next Select the LUN that is used by the physical machine Select the datastore which is also the location of the boot disk and click Next Select Physical as the compatibility mode and click Next A SCSI controller is created when the virtual hard disk is created From the Virtual Device Node drop down menu select a new SCSI controller for example SCSI 1 0 Note You must select a new virtual device node You cannot use SCSI 0 Click Next and click Finish The wizard creates a new hard disk and a new SCSI controller In the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box select the new SCSI controller and click Change Type The Change SCSI Controller Type dialog box appears 29 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 10 Select the appropriate type of controller depending on your operating system Operating System Type of Controller Windows 2000 Server LSI Logic Parallel Windows Server 2003 LSI Logic Parallel Windows Server 2008 LSI Logic SAS You must download the LSI Logic Parallel driver for Windows 2000 Server on the LSI Web site 11 Click
23. formation and register your products go to http www vmware com support Customers with appropriate support contracts should use telephone support for the fastest response on priority 1 issues Go to http www vmware com support phone_support html To find out how VMware support offerings can help meet your business needs go to http www vmware com support services VMware Education Services courses offer extensive hands on labs case study examples and course materials designed to be used as on the job reference tools Courses are available onsite in the classroom and live online For onsite pilot programs and implementation best practices VMware Consulting Services provides offerings to help you assess plan build and manage your virtual environment To access information about education classes certification programs and consulting services go to http www vmware com services VMware Inc Getting Started with MSCS VMware vSphere supports clustering using MSCS across virtual machines Clustering virtual machines can reduce the hardware costs of traditional high availability clusters Note VMware High Availability HA supports a clustering solution in conjunction with vCenter Server clusters The Availability Guide describes VMware HA functionality This chapter includes the following topics m Clustering Configuration Overview on page 9 m Hardware and Software Requirements for Clustering on page 1
24. ice node is for the first virtual machine s shared storage disks for example SCSI 1 0 VMware Inc Chapter 3 Cluster Virtual Machines Across Physical Hosts The location of the quorum disk specified for the first node Procedure 1 a A WwW N 10 11 In the vSphere Client inventory select the second virtual machine that you created and select Edit Settings The Virtual Machine Properties dialog box appears Click Add select Hard Disk and click Next Select Use an existing virtual disk and click Next In Disk File Path browse to the location of the quorum disk specified for the first node Select Physical as the compatibility mode and click Next A SCSI controller is created when the virtual hard disk is created Select the same virtual device node you chose for the first virtual machine s shared storage disks for example SCSI 1 0 and click Next Note The location of the virtual device node for this virtual machine s shared storage must match the corresponding virtual device node for the first virtual machine Click Finish The wizard creates a new hard disk and a new SCSI controller In the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box select the new SCSI controller and click Change Type The Change SCSI Controller Type dialog box appears Select the appropriate type of controller depending on your operating system Operating System Type of Controller Windows 2000 Server LSI Logic Parallel Windows S
25. ines across physical hosts you clone the first virtual machine you created onto a second ESX ESXi host using the vSphere Client connected to a vCenter Server system A Caution Ifyou clone a virtual machine with an RDM setup the cloning process converts the RDMs to virtual disks Unmap all RDMs before cloning and remap them after cloning is complete 22 Prerequisites Before you begin shut down the guest operating system and power off the virtual machine you intend to clone VMware Inc Chapter 3 Cluster Virtual Machines Across Physical Hosts Procedure 1 Inthe vSphere Client inventory right click the virtual machine and select Clone 2 Proceed through the wizard to clone the virtual machine Page Action Name and Location Enter a name and select a location Host or Cluster Select the second host for the cluster setup Resource Partition Select the resource pool for the virtual machine or select the host if no resource pools exist Datastore Select a datastore as the location for the virtual machine configuration file and the vmdk file Customization Select Do not customize Ready to Complete Click OK to create the virtual machine template You have created a virtual machine with two network adapters The operating system you chose for the first node is installed on the second node What to do next Add a shared quorum disk Add Hard Disks to the First Node for Clusters Across Physical Ho
26. k Enter the appropriate value in Virtual disk size Select Support clustering features such as Fault Tolerance to create a disk in eagerzeroedthick format Ready to Complete Select Edit the virtual machine settings before completion and click Continue The Virtual Machine Properties dialog box appears In the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box select New NIC adding Under Network Connection select a label from the Network Label list The network label refers to the network to be used for virtual machine traffic for the cluster either public or private Click Finish to complete creating the virtual machine Note Do not add shared cluster disks at this time In the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box click Add From the list of devices select Ethernet Adapter and click Next Select the adapter type and network label m Ifyou selected a private network for the first network adapter you must select a public network for this network adapter m Ifyou selected a public network for the first network adapter you must select a private network adapter Click Next and click Finish to complete creating the device Install a Windows Server operating system on the virtual machine The new node appears in the virtual machine inventory What to do next Clone the virtual machine to create the second node Create the Second Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts To create the second node in a cluster of virtual mach
27. l device node for the first virtual machine 5 In Disk File Path browse to the location of the quorum disk specified for the first node Figure 2 2 shows the complete setup VMware Inc Chapter 2 Cluster Virtual Machines on One Physical Host Figure 2 2 Cluster in a Box Complete Setup virtual machine virtual machine Node1 Node2 physical machine local or remote storage remote storage VMware Inc 19 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 20 VMware Inc Cluster Virtual Machines Across Physical Hosts You can create a MSCS cluster that consists of two virtual machines on two ESX ESXi hosts Prerequisites A cluster across physical hosts requires specific hardware and software ESX ESXi hosts that have the following m Two physical network adapters dedicated to the MSCS cluster and to the public and private networks m One physical network adapter dedicated to the service console ESX hosts or the VMkernel ESXi hosts Fibre Channel FC SAN Shared storage must be on an FC SAN RDM in physical compatibility pass through or virtual compatibility non pass through mode VMware recommends physical compatibility mode The cluster cannot use virtual disks for shared storage Failover clustering with Windows Server 2008 is not supported with virtual compatibility mode non pass through RDMs This chapter includes the following topics Create the First Node for Clusters Ac
28. ller and a new hard disk 9 In the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box select the new SCSI controller and click Change Type The Change SCSI Controller Type dialog box appears 10 Select the appropriate type of controller depending on your operating system Operating System Type of Controller Windows 2000 Server LSI Logic Parallel Windows Server 2003 LSI Logic Parallel Windows Server 2008 LSI Logic SAS You must download the LSI Logic Parallel driver for Windows 2000 Server on the LSI Web site 11 Click OK 12 On the Virtual Machine Properties dialog box set SCSI Bus Sharing to Physical and click OK Figure 3 1 shows the setup the virtual machine is connected to a public network and a private network with two virtual switches and is connected to the quorum disk on FC SAN and the virtual machine virtual disk on local or remote storage Figure 3 1 Cluster Across Boxes with First Node Set Up physical machine a g me local or remote storage remote storage What to do next Add hard disks to the second node Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts 24 To allow shared access to clustered services and data point the quorum disk of the second node to the same location as the first node s quorum disk Point any shared storage disks to the same location as the first node s shared storage disks Prerequisites Before you begin obtain the following information m Which virtual dev
29. n Ifyou clone a virtual machine with an RDM setup the cloning process converts the RDMs to virtual disks Unmap all RDMs before cloning and remap them after cloning is complete 16 Prerequisites Before you begin shut down the guest operating system and power off the virtual machine that you intend to clone Procedure 1 Inthe vSphere Client inventory right click the virtual machine and select Clone 2 Proceed through the wizard to clone the virtual machine Page Action Name and Location Enter a name for example Node2_Template and select a location Host Cluster Select the host or cluster where you will run the virtual machine VMware Inc Chapter 2 Cluster Virtual Machines on One Physical Host Page Action Datastore Select a datastore as the location for the virtual machine configuration file and the vmdk file Disk Format Select Same format as source Customization Select Do not customize Ready to Complete Click Finish to create the virtual machine You have created a virtual machine with two network adapters The operating system you chose for the first node is installed on the second node What to do next Add a shared quorum disk Add Hard Disks to the First Node for Clusters on One Physical Host In an MSCS cluster storage disks are shared between nodes You set up a quorum disk and an optional shared storage disk Procedure 1 a F WwW N 10 11 12 VMware Inc In th
30. n necessary This table provides the update history of the Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service guide Table 1 Revision Description 000121 03 m Minor change in Setting up a Continuous Clustered Replication Environment for Microsoft Exchange on page 13 section 000121 02 E Added one more point in vSphere MSCS Setup Limitations on page 12 section 000121 01 m The topic vSphere MSCS Setup Limitations on page 12 now states that clustering with iSCSI FCoE and NFS is not supported m Minor revisions 000121 00 Initial release VMware Inc 5 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 6 VMware Inc About This Book This book Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service describes the types of clusters you can implement using virtual machines with Microsoft Cluster Service for Windows Server 2000 and Windows Server 2003 and Failover Clustering for Windows Server 2008 You get step by step instructions for each type of cluster and a checklist of clustering requirements and recommendations Unless stated otherwise the term Microsoft Cluster Service MSCS applies to Microsoft Cluster Service with Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003 and Failover Clustering with Windows Server 2008 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service covers ESX ESXi and VMware vCenter Server Intended Audience This book is for system administr
31. on of clustered virtual machines m N Port ID Virtualization NPIV m With native multipathing NMP clustering is not supported when the path policy is set to round robin You must use hardware version 7 with ESX ESXi 4 0 m With native multipathing NMP clustering is not supported when the path policy is set to round robin Third party multipathing plug ins might support round robin or other load balancing behavior with Microsoft clusters Support of third party multipathing plug ins is provided by the plug in vendor MSCS and Booting from a SAN You can put the boot disk of a virtual machine on a SAN based VMFS volume MSCS is supported in a setup where virtual machines boot from an FC SAN Booting from a SAN is complex Problems that you encounter in physical environments extend to virtual environments For general information about booting from a SAN see the Fibre Channel SAN Configuration Guide Follow these guidelines when you place the boot disk of a virtual machine on a SAN based VMFS volume m Consider the best practices for boot from SAN that Microsoft publishes in the following knowledge base article http support microsoft com kb 305547 en us m Use StorPort LSI Logic drivers instead of SCSIport drivers when running Microsoft Cluster Service for Windows Server 2003 or 2008 guest operating systems E Test clustered configurations in different failover scenarios before you put them into production environments Setting
32. re MSCS Setup Limitations 12 MSCS and Booting from aSAN_ 13 Setting up a Continuous Clustered Replication Environment for Microsoft Exchange 13 2 Cluster Virtual Machines on One Physical Host 15 Create the First Node for Clusters on One Physical Host 15 Create the Second Node for Clusters on One Physical Host 16 Add Hard Disks to the First Node for Clusters on One Physical Host 17 Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for Clusters on One Physical Host 18 3 Cluster Virtual Machines Across Physical Hosts 21 Create the First Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts 21 Create the Second Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts 22 Add Hard Disks to the First Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts 23 Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts 24 4 Cluster Physical and Virtual Machines 27 Create the First Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines 27 Create the Second Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines 28 Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for a Cluster of Physical and Virtual Machines 29 Install Microsoft Cluster Service 30 Create Additional Physical Virtual Pairs 30 5 Upgrade Clustered Virtual Machines 31 6 vSphere MSCS Setup Checklist 33 Index 35 VMware Inc Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 4 VMware Inc Updated Information This Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service guide is updated with each release of the product or whe
33. ross Physical Hosts on page 21 Create the Second Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts on page 22 Add Hard Disks to the First Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts on page 23 Add Hard Disks to the Second Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts on page 24 Create the First Node for Clusters Across Physical Hosts To create the first node you create and configure a virtual machine with two virtual network adapters and install a guest operating system on the virtual machine You configure the virtual network adapters to handle virtual machine traffic for the cluster a private network connection for the private heartbeat and a public network connection Procedure 1 2 VMware Inc Open the vSphere Client and connect to the ESX ESXi host or a vCenter Server system Use the user name and password of the user who will own the virtual machine In the vSphere Client inventory right click the host and select New Virtual Machine 21 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 10 11 Proceed through the wizard to create the virtual machine Option Action Configuration Select Typical Name and Location Enter a name and select a location Datastore Select a datastore as the location for the virtual machine configuration file and the virtual machine disk vmdk file Guest Operating System Select the Windows Server operating system that you intend to install Create Dis
34. rt Technical support uses these files and settings to analyze clustering issues Note Verify that your setup complies with the checklists in Table 6 1 and Table 6 2 before you contact technical support Table 6 3 Information Required by Technical Support File or Information Description or Location vm support tarball Contains the vmkernel log virtual machine configuration files and logs and so on Application and system event logs of all virtual machines with the problem Cluster log of all virtual machines with the problem CLusterLog which is usually set to SystemRoot cluster cLuster Log Disk I O timeout HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE System CurrentControlSet Ser vices Disk TimeOutValue vSphere Client display names and Windows NETBIOS names of the virtual machines experiencing the problem Date and time that the problem occurred SAN configuration of the ESX system Details about LUNs paths and adapters Optional Memory dump of the virtual machine Required if a guest virtual machine fails a blue screen appears with an error message 34 VMware Inc Index A abbreviations 7 B boot from SAN 13 Cc clustering hardware requirements 11 limitations 12 multiple host 10 overview 9 physical and virtual machines 11 27 types of applications 9 virtual machines across hosts 10 21 virtual machines on one host 9 15 compatibility mode physical 12 21 23 24 27 virtual 12
35. sts In an MSCS cluster storage disks are shared between nodes You set up a quorum disk and an optional shared storage disk Prerequisites Before you add hard disks to the first node complete the following tasks Em For each virtual machine configure the guest operating system s private and public IP addresses E Ask your SAN administrator for the location of unformatted SAN LUNs The hard disks you create in this task must point to SAN LUNs Note Use RDMs in physical compatibility mode The procedure below uses physical compatibility mode Procedure 1 Inthe vSphere Client inventory select the newly created virtual machine and select Edit Settings The Virtual Machine Properties dialog box appears Click Add select Hard Disk and click Next Select Raw Device Mappings and click Next Select an unformatted LUN and click Next a F WwW N Select a datastore and click Next This datastore must be on a SAN because you need a single shared RDM file for each shared LUN on the SAN 6 Select Physical as the compatibility mode and click Next A SCSI controller is created when the virtual hard disk is created 7 Select a new virtual device node for example select SCSI 1 0 and click Next Note This must be a new SCSI controller You cannot use SCSI 0 VMware Inc 23 Setup for Failover Clustering and Microsoft Cluster Service 8 Click Finish to complete creating the disk The wizard creates a new SCSI contro
36. uster across boxes model and place multiple virtual machines on multiple physical machines For example you can consolidate four clusters of two physical machines each to two physical machines with four virtual machines each Figure 1 3 shows how four two node clusters can be moved from eight physical machines to two 10 VMware Inc Chapter 1 Getting Started with MSCS Figure 1 3 Clustering Multiple Virtual Machines Across Hosts physical physical machine machine Clustering Physical Machines with Virtual Machines For a simple clustering solution with low hardware requirements you might choose to have one standby host Set up your system to have a virtual machine corresponding to each physical machine on the standby host and create clusters one each for each physical machine and its corresponding virtual machine In case of hardware failure in one of the physical machines the virtual machine on the standby host can take over for that physical host Figure 1 4 shows a standby host using three virtual machines on a single physical machine Each virtual machine is running clustering software Figure 1 4 Clustering Physical and Virtual Machines virtual machine cluster software machine cluster software virtual machine cluster software physical cluster machine cluster software Hardware and Software Requirements for Clustering All vSphere MSCS configurations require certain hardware and software

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