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FORD DIGITAL CODE READER

1. Capri LTD Marquis Mustang 1996 models 2 3L I 4 OHC EFI Mustang 2 3L I 4 EFI Turbo Capri Cougar Merkur Mustang T Bird XR4Ti 2 3L I 4 HSC CFI EFI SEFI Tempo Topaz 2 5L I 4 EFI CFI Sable Taurus 3 0L V 6 1 U Y EFI SEFI SFI Probe Sable Taurus Tempo 3 0L V 6 SHO Topaz VIN 1 Taurus models are Flexible Fuel 3 8L V 6 3 4 C R CFI EFI SFI Capri Continental Cougar LTD Marquis Mustang Sable T Bird Taurus Crown Victoria Grand Marquis Mark VII Town Car Capri Continental Cougar Crown Victoria Grand Marquis Mark VII Mustang Mustang Cobra T Bird Town Car 1 9L I 4 Escort Topaz Tracer 2 0L I 4 Probe 3 0L V 6 Sable Taurus Tempo VIN 1 Taurus models are Flexible Fuel 3 8L V 6 Continental Cougar Sable 3 8L V 6 SC Taurus T Bird 4 6L V 8 Crown Victoria Grand Marquis Mark VIII Town Car 5 0L V 8 Mustang Mustang Cobra 1 9L I 4 Escort Tracer 2 0L 1 4 Contour Mystique Probe 2 5L V 6 Contour Mystique 3 0L V 6 Sable Taurus VIN 1 Taurus 3 0L V 6 SHO models are Flexible Fuel 3 8L V 6 Cougar Sable Taurus T Bird 3 8L V 6 SC 4 6L V8 DOHC Mark VIII 5 0L V 8 HO 5 0L V 8 SHP 5 Chapter 1 General Information VEHICLES COVERED TRUCKS VANS Carburetor Model Carburetor model numbers are usually stamped on top of the carburetor or on a metal tab attached to the carburetor Consult
2. 1 Turn ignition off 2 Press the ON OFF Button to turn Code Reader OFF then connect the Code Reader to the vehicle s test connector B MCU systems are equipped with only one 6 pin connector see page 18 for details 3 Turn Code Reader ON then press and release TEST HOLD button to place the Code Reader n f1 nm LIL in TEST mode LJ B Three zeros should be visible on the display at this time 4 Start the engine B For In Line 4 And In Line 6 engines do the following Gradually increase engine speed to 3 000 RPM and hold this speed until codes appear on the Code Reader s display When codes begin to appear on the Code Reader s display return engine speed to idle Proceed to step 5 E For V 6 or V 8 engines do the following Gradually increase engine speed to 2 500 RPM and hold for 2 minutes then reduce engine speed back to idle Turn off engine Restart engine and let idle Proceed to step 5 5 Read diagnostic trouble codes on the Code Reader s display E A square icon on the right hand side of the screen will appear and flash each time the Code Reader receives a code and then the code will be displayed on the Code Reader s screen 69 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes KOER SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS B The first code displayed by the Code Reader is the Cylinder Identification ID Code The cylinder ID code identifies the number of cylinders of the vehicle that i
3. 138 Cold start injector flow insufficient Chapter 4 56 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 139 181 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION Cars ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor switch fault ui exible Fae control fuel system lean 158 6 6 159 Mass Air Flow sensor fault above or below normal Throttle Position sensor fault during dynamic response test C Cars ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor fault not switching or fuel system at adaptive limits Trucks ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor fault not switching HEGO HO2S sensor fault lean HEGO HO25S sensor fault rich Cars ONLY HEGO switching time slow Cars ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor fault not switching or fuel system at adaptive limits Trucks ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor fault not switching HEGO HO2S sensor fault always lean Insufficient TP change during no oxygen sensor switch detected 1 HEGO HO2S sensor fault always rich TT 177 No oxygen sensor switch detected Cars ONLY HEGO switching time slow 179 C Cars ONLY Fuel system at lean adaptive limit at partial throttle system rich 179 C Trucks ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor fault unable to switch rich during part throttle 181 C Cars ONLY Fuel system at rich adaptive limit at partial throttle system lean 57 Chapter 4 167 HG 1 HM 175 C 176 C 176 R 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 181 216 TEST CODE
4. 2 cylinder failed the 1st 2nd and 3rd tests This indicates that cylinder 42 is extremely weak or dead and there is very little or no power contribution to engine operation coming from this cylinder 8 Turn the ignition off and disconnect the Code Reader from the test connectors The Cylinder Balance Test results are now in the Code Reader s memory 9 To view the Cylinder Balance Codes stored in the Code Reader s memory press the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader on then press and release the MEMORY button the first stored code will display Continue pressing and releasing the MEMORY button to scroll through the stored codes until all the codes have been displayed Chapter 4 44 Retrieving Codes ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS NOTE After the Cylinder Balance Test is done the KOER Test Fault Codes will be saved in the Code Reader s memory together with Cylinder Balance fault codes To distinguish between the KOER codes and Cylinder Balance codes consult the Cylinder Balance Test Code Description Chart preceeding Cylinder Balance fault codes are two digit codes and are defined by the following numbers 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 and 90 Cylinder Balance codes will be displayed after KOER Self Test codes B If any cylinder codes were received use Code Description and Test Results Chart as a guide and consult the vehicle s service manual to perform further testing and or repairs Wiggle Test EEC IV
5. 40 Warm Up cycles for most fault Codes 80 Warm up cycles for others even if the problems that caused these codes to be set in the first place are no longer present Warm up Cycle A Warm up Cycle is defined as vehicle operation after an engine off period where the engine temperature rises at least 40 F 22 C from the temperature present when the vehicle was first started and the engine temperature reaches at least 160 F 70 C NOTE The Code Reader does not generate codes The Code Reader serves as a key that links to and opens communication with the vehicle s computer to prompt the computer to perform Self Tests and to receive test results or retrieve codes OVERVIEW OF FORD CODE RETRIEVAL PROCESS Ford s computer self diagnostic system is divided into three main sections 1 Key On Engine Off KOEO Self Test 2 Continuous Memory CM Self Test and 3 Key On Engine Running KOER Self Test These Self Tests are specially designed to monitor and or test the various components and circuits that are controlled by the vehicle s computer and to save and or transmit diagnostic test results to the Code Reader in the form of numerical fault codes e The Continuous Memory Self Test is designed to run continuously whenever the vehicle is in normal operation If a fault is detected by the Continuous Memory Self Test a fault code is saved in the vehicle s computer memory for later retrieval NOTE Conti
6. CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 181 C Trucks ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor fault unable to switch lean during part throttle 182 C Fuel system at lean adaptive limit at idle system rich 183 C Fuel system at rich adaptive limit at idle system lean 188 C Cars ONLY Fuel system at lean adaptive limit at partial throttle system rich 188 C Trucks ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor fault unable to switch rich during part throttle 189 C Cars ONLY Fuel system at rich adaptive limit at partial throttle system lean 189 C Trucks ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor fault unable to switch lean during part throttle 190 Adaptive fuel lean limit reached at Idle system rich 191 C Cars ONLY Fuel system at lean adaptive limit at idle system rich 192 C Cars ONLY Fuel system at rich adaptive limit at idle system lean Cars ONLY Flexible fuel sensor circuit fault Profile Ignition Pickup PIP circuit fault Loss of ignition diagnostic monitor signal SPOUT circuit grounded SPOUT circuit open Cylinder identification circuit failure DIS fault ignition system coil 1 DIS fault ignition system coil 2 Chapter 4 58 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 217 311 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION DIS fault ignition system coil 3 218 C Loss of Ignition Diagnostic Monitor IDM signal left side 219 C Cars ONLY SPOUT signal defaulted to 10 BTDC SPOUT circuit
7. Codes and Code Reader functions ON OFF Button Turns the code reader On and Off 5 TEST HOLD Button Toggles between TEST and HOLD functions Chapter 3 20 About the Ford Code Reader FUNCTIONS OF THE FORD CODE READER MEMORY Button When pressed displays on demand one at a time the retrieved Diagnostic Trouble Codes that are saved in the Code Reader s memory the Code Reader memory has the capacity to store up to 12 retrieved numeric Diagnostic Trouble Codes Display Functions 21 N wt ty A C m ese m ay lt o CYL Icon When visible this icon indicates that the number shown on the the Code Reader s display is a cylinder identification code Cylinder codes identify the number of cylinders of the engine under test Cylinder identification is only displayed when performing a KOER Self Test BATTERY Icon When visible this icon indicates that the Code Reader s internal batteries are low Batteries should be replaced before performing any tests O R and C Icons These icons indicate the type of test being performed and indicate if the code being received is a KOEO KOER or CM code O Key On Engine Off KOEO Test code R Key On Engine Running KOER Test code C Continuos Memory CM code These icons also identify the code type when viewing Diagnostic Trouble Codes that are saved in the Code Reader s memory Chapter 3 About the For
8. GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS GND GRD or GRND Ground Common line leading to the negative side of the battery HALL EFFECT Process where current is passed through a small slice of semiconductor material at the same time as a magnetic field to produce a small voltage in the semiconductor HARD FAULT Fault present during current engine operating cycle Opposite of an intermittent fault which does not stay present HBV Heater Blower Voltage input to EEC IV processor reflecting heater blower voltage demand HEDF High speed Electro Drive Fan relay or its circuit HEGO Heated Oxygen Sensor or its circuit HIC Hot Idle Compensator H O Height Output HSC High Swirl Combustion IAC Idle Air Control IAS Inlet Air Solenoid valve or its circuit IAT Intake air temperature sensor performs same function as MAT sensor ICM Integrated Control Module IDLE TRACKING SWITCH An input device that sends a signal to the computer to indicate a closed throttle condition IDM Ignition Diagnostics Monitor Continuous monitor of ignition input to EEC IV processor used to detect intermittent ignition faults IGN Ignition INTERMITTENT FAULT Fault which occurred during a previous engine operating cycle Intermittent fault may have set a fault code which is still present in PCM memory IRCM Integrated Relay Control Module used on some Ford systems ISA Idle Speed Actuator Extends or retracts to contr
9. Granada Mark VII Mustang T Bird Zephyr Capri Continental Cal only Granada Mark VII Mustang All Federal Police models Capri Fairmont LTD Marquis Mustang 3 8L V 6 5 0L V 8 5 8L V 8 FBC 7200 VV 2V Continental Cougar Granada T Bird Cal only Capri Continental Cougar Fairmont Granada Mark VII Mustang T Bird Zephyr 1 6L I 4 2 3L I 4 EFI Turbo Capri Cougar Mustang T Bird 2 3L I 4 HSC 5 8L V 8 FBC 6149 FBC 7200 VV 2V Capri Fairmont LTD Marquis Mustang Tempo Topaz Zephyr Crown Victoria Grand Marquis 1 6L 1 4 EFI EFI Turbo Escort EXP Lynx 2 3L 1 4 2 3L I 4 OHC FBC YFA 6149 Capri Cougar LTD Marquis Mustang Tempo Topaz 2 3L I 4 EFI Turbo Capri Cougar Merkur XR4Ti Mustang T Bird 2 3L 1 4 HSC CFI Tempo Topaz 3 8L V 6 CFI Capri Cougar LTD Marquis Mustang T Bird 5 0L V 8 Chapter 1 CFI SEFI Capri Continental Colony Park Cougar Country Squire Crown Victoria Grand Marquis LTD Mark VII Marquis Mustang T Bird Town Car General Information VEHICLES COVERED CARS Fuel Systems 8th VIN Carburetor Computer Model Application Special Notes System 1987 1993 FBC 1987 91 Police vehicles only 7200 VV 2V carbureted EFI CFI SFI Escort EXP Lynx Tracer SEFI Probe 1993 manual transmis sion only FBC YFA
10. HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL This Code Reader and manual are designed for use both by consumers with little or no experience in retrieving codes or by experienced technicians desiring a more in depth explanation of Ford Computer Command Control system basics If you are having problems with your vehicle and only want to know if any Diagnostic Trouble Codes are present in the vehicle s computer system read the Safety Precautions page 1 and Vehicles Covered page 4 then proceed to Chapter 3 and follow the simple directions to retrieve the codes The codes retrieved and their definitions will give you valuable information and a starting point from which to proceed to the next step Once the codes have been retrieved you can choose to e Take your vehicle to an Automotive Service Center for repair Take your vehicle a copy of the completed Preliminary Vehicle Diagnosis Worksheet see pages 8 10 and codes retrieved to your technician for evaluation This will demonstrate to your technician that you are an informed motorist and will also assist him in pinpointing the location of the problem Chapter 1 2 General Information VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS e Attempt to fix the problem yourself If you choose to fix the problem yourself read and follow all of the manual s recommendations and procedures Additional tools text equipment multimeter timing light etc and a vehicle repair manual containing Ford s Diagno
11. This Glossary contains definitions for abbreviations and terms you may find in this manual or in your vehicle service manual These definitions may not agree with those contained in SAE J1930 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 77 4EAT Ford electronic automatic 4 speed transaxle A C Air Conditioning A4LD Ford automatic 4 speed lock up converter drive AAC Auxiliary Air Control Valve ABS Anti Lock Brake System ACC Air Conditioning Clutch compressor signal input to computer relating status of air conditioning clutch ACCS Air Conditioning Cycling Switch ACD Air Conditioner Demand switch ACT Air Charge Temperature sensor or signal circuit ACV Thermactor Air Control Valve AIR Secondary air injection formerly thermactor AIR BPV Thermactor Air Bypass Valve AMI Thermactor Air Management TAB AM2 Thermactor Air Management TAD AMBIENT TEMPERATURE Temperature of air surrounding vehicle being serviced ANTI BFV Anti Backfire Valve AOD Automatic Over Drive transmission ATDC After Top Dead Center AVOM Analog Volt Ohm Meter AXOD Automatic Overdrive transaxle AXOD E Automatic Overdrive transaxle electronically controlled BAC Bypass Air Control valve BARO Barometric Pressure Chapter 6 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS BASE IDLE Idle RPM when the throttle lever rests on the throttle stop and the Idle Speed Control is fully re
12. Aerostar Bronco II Ranger 2 9L V 6 EFI excluding Diesel 2 8L V 6 FBC 2150A Bronco E and F Series Trucks FBC YFA Vans 8500 Ib GVW or less only EFI FBC 2150A EFI Chapter 1 6 General Information VEHICLES COVERED TRUCKS VANS Fuel Systems 8th VIN Carburetor Computer Digit Model Application Special Notes System 1985 1990 Cont FBC 2150A E and F Series Trucks Vans Diesel 8500 lb GVW or less only EFI 2 3L I 4 OHC 2 9L V 6 3 0L V 6 4 0L V 6 4 9L I 6 5 0L V 8 5 8L V 8 EFI MFI SFI 7 3L V 8 Diesel E and F Series Trucks Vans 7 3L V 8 Turbo Diese Excludes 1994 diesel models 7 5L V 8 EFI MFI Aerostar Excludes Explorer Ranger and Windstar E and F series Trucks and Vans Excludes Natural Gas equipped vehicles Bronco E and F series Trucks and Vans E 350 F 250 350 Excludes California F Super Duty Excludes Diesel NOTES Carburetor Model Carburetor model numbers are usually stamped on top of the carbure tor or on a metal tab attached to the carburetor Consult your vehicle s repair manual for proper identification VIN Number The VIN number s used in this column identify the vehicle s engine type This number is the 8th digit of the VIN Vehicle Identification Number Consult your vehicle s repair manual for details Application Table Definitions EFI Electronic Fue
13. ENIM Not in park during KOEO Self test Trucks ONLY Manual Lever Position MLP sensor indicating not in NEUTRAL during Self Test Chapter 4 64 Retrieving Codes RETRIEVING FAULT CODES FROM MCU SYSTEMS TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 656 C Converter Clutch Control CCC continuous slip error 659 R High vehicle speed in park indication 662 O Shift solenoid 2 circuit 667 C 0 Transmission range sensor circuit below maximum voltage 668 C O0 Transmission range sensor circuit above maximum voltage 675 Transmission range sensor circuit voltage out of range Cluster center control circuit failed dynamic response test 998 R Operating in failure mode sid Operating in failure mode NO CODES Unable to initiate Self Test or unable to output Self Test codes Test condition not available RETRIEVING FAULT CODES FROM MCU SYSTEMS Preliminary Procedures The following Preliminary Procedures MUST be performed before the actual KOEO and or KOER Self Tests are performed e Always observe safety precautions before and during testing process e Fixany known mechanical problem before this test e A voltmeter is required to perform this test 1 Idle engine until it reaches normal operating temperature 2 While engine is running use a voltmeter to check voltages between the choke cap and engine ground For battery powered choke voltage should be approximately 12 volts For alternator
14. Wiggle sensor connector and wiring that needs to be tested a code will display if a fault is detected NOTE On some models service codes are lost when the ignition is turned off 5 Turn off ignition and disconnect Code Reader from test connectors B Consult service manual and service any fault codes retrieved during Wiggle Test FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS CAR amp TRUCK IMPORTANT Retrieving and utilizing Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTC s for troubleshooting vehicle operation problems is only one part of an overall diagnostic strategy Never replace a part based only on the Diagnostic Trouble Code Definition Always consult the vehicle s service manual for more detailed testing instructions Each DTC has a set of testing procedures instructions and flow charts that must be followed to confirm the exact location of the problem This type of information is found in the vehicle s service manual Test Condition Key O Key Off Engine Off KOEO code R Key Off Engine Running KOER code C Continuous Memory CM code TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION ORC 15 Engine RPM sensor circuit fault Diesel EEC PCM Read Only Memory ROM test failed Chapter 4 46 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 15 24 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 15 C Power Interruption to computer memory or EEC PCM Keep Alive Memory KAM test failed 15 Jlo
15. been sent the flashing square icon no longer appears and without disconnecting or turning the Code Reader off proceed to step 7 NOTE Do not concern yourself with the KOER test results or any fault codes received at this time The purpose of briefly performing the KOER test is to put the computer into an Ignition Timing Check mode This mode allows you to test the ability of the vehicle s computer to electronically control advance ignition timing Once the timing check confirms that ignition timing is functioning correctly you can properly perform the KOER Self Test 7 The vehicle s computer is programmed to advance ignition timing 20 3 above the vehicle s base timing value and to freeze this setting for two minutes from the time the last KOER code is received by the Code Reader This allows the user to check the computer s ability to advance ignition timing B Within this two minute period remember timing degrees will remain fixed for only two minutes after the last KOER code is received by the Code Reader check the ignition timing with a timing light and ensure that it is 20 above the specified base timing value 3 Example If base timing specification is 10 BTDC the acceptable timing light reading should be in the range of 27 to 33 BTDC NOTE Base timing specifications can be found on the Vehicle Emission Control Information VECI decal The decal is located under the hood or near the
16. except High Altitude System OK V 8 High Altitude only Altitude ALT circuit is open 12 V 8 RPM out of range throttle kicker La V 8 Knock Sensor KS signal not detected I 4 I 6 V 6 Key On Engine Running KOER Self Test not initiated 41 All Engines Exhaust Gas Oxygen sensor voltage signal lean low All Engines Exhaust Gas Oxygen sensor voltage signal rich high All Engines Oxygen sensor signal indicates Rich excessive fuel restricted air intake or Inoperative Thermactor System 45 All Engines Thermactor air flow going upstream to exhaust manifold 71 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITION FOR MCU SYSTEMS 46 64 CODE FAULT CODE DEFINITION 46 All Engines Thermactor Air System unable to bypass 46 51 I 4 Low or Mid Temperature Switch is open when engine is hot I 6 Low or Mid Temperature Vacuum Switch is open when engine is hot V 6 Hi or Hi Low Vacuum Switch is always open 52 53 V 8 Hi or Hi Low Vacuum Switch is always open I 4 car Idle Tracking Switch ITS voltage does not change from closed to open throttle I 4 truck Idle Decel Vacuum Switch open constantly I 6 Wide Open Throttle Vacuum Switch is open constantly I 4 Wide Open Throttle Vacuum Switch open constantly I 6 CROWD Vacuum Switch open constantly V 6 Dual Temperature Switch is open constantly V 8 Dual Temperature Switch is open constantly 62 NOTE H
17. for later retrieval The codes can be retrieved from the computer s memory with the use of a device called a Code Reader or a Scan Tool e In addition to storing Diagnostic Trouble Codes for detected problems most Ford computer systems are also designed to perform special Self Tests in real time and to send the test results to the Code Reader as two or three digit Diagnostic Trouble Codes NOTE With the exception of some 1994 and 1995 vehicles most vehicles from about 1982 to 1995 are equipped with OBD I systems HISTORY OF FORD S ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROL EEC SYSTEMS 13 1978 Ford Motor Company introduces its first Electronic Engine Control EEC I system This system was very limited in the control of engine functions and only controlled ignition timing EGR flow and the air pump s injection of air into the exhaust 1979 Ford introduces the EEC II system This system added air fuel ratio control feedback carburetor throttle kicker controls engine idle speed during start up and AC function and canister purge control to the ECC I system 1980 Ford introduces the EEC III system This system included all the sensors used by the ECC II system with the addition of a temperature Sensor In 1981 the ECC III system was modified to include controls for the new Electronic Fuel Injection systems The EEC III system was used on some models of Ford vehicles until 1984 1980 In addition to the EEC III system
18. functions some newer Computer Control Systems also control transmission brakes charging body and suspension systems more precisely This made it possible for vehicle manufacturers to comply with the new tougher emission and fuel efficiency standards mandated by State and Federal Governments HOW DOES A COMPUTER SYSTEM WORK ON A VEHICLE AND WHAT IS IT S MAIN PURPOSE The main purpose of the vehicle s Computer Control System is to provide maximum engine performance with the least amount of air pollution and the best fuel efficiency possible The Computer Control System consists of the on board computer and several related control devices sensors switches and actuators Most on board computers are located inside the vehicle behind the dashboard under the passenger s or driver s seat or behind the right kick panel Some manufacturers may still position it in the engine compartment The sensors switches and actuators are devices such as oxygen sensors coolant temperature sensors throttle position sensors fuel injectors etc that are located throughout the engine and are connected by electrical wiring to the on board computer The on board computer is the heart of the Computer Control System The computer contains several programs with pre programmed reference values for air fuel ratio spark or ignition timing injector pulse width how much fuel is injected into the engine engine speed etc for all possible
19. off 3 Turn the Code Reader switch to OFF then connect it to the vehicle s test connector B MCU Systems have one six pin connector only Chapter 4 66 Retrieving Codes KOEO SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS 67 10 Press and release the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader ON nnn E Three zeros should be visible Lj LJ LI on the display at this time Press and release the TEST HOLD Button to put the code reader in TEST mode Turn on ignition DO NOT START THE ENGINE B The display will show a Triangle Icon on the lower right hand corner of the f1 nn screen to indicate that the Lj LI LI code reader is in test mode After about 4 to 30 seconds it may take longer on some vehicles the computer will start sending the test results to the Code Reader in the form of numerical codes E A square icon on the right hand side of the screen will appear and flash each time the Code Reader receives a code and then the code will be displayed on the Code Reader s screen B A small O will be visible in the upper right hand corner of the screen to indicate that the code being received is a KOEO Self Test fault code After all the KOEO Self Test codes are received wait until the flashing square icon no longer appears on the screen for 30 consecutive seconds to ensure that all the codes have been retrieved turn the Code Reader off B The codes retrieved are now s
20. test unless instructed 5 Turn ignition on DO NOT START THE ENGINE WARNING Keep away from any potentially moving parts 6 Press and release the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader ON nnn Uu Three zeros should be visible on the Code Reader display at this time T Press and release the nnn TEST HOLD button to put the Lj Lj Lj Code Reader in Test Mode T B When the code reader is put in test mode it signals Chapter 4 the vehicle s computer to start performing the Self Test The display will show a Triangle icon on the lower right hand corner of the display to indicate that the Code Reader is linked to the vehicle s computer and is in test mode NOTE As soon as the TEST HOLD button is pressed the vehicle s computer enters the Self Test mode Clicking sounds will be heard coming from the engine This is normal It indicates that the vehicle s computer is activating relays solenoids and other components to check their operation 26 Retrieving Codes KOEO TEST PROCEDURES EEC IV SYSTEMS 27 10 WARNING On some vehicles equipped with an Electric Cooling Fan the computer activates the cooling fan to check its operation To avoid injury keep hands or any part of your body a safe distance from engine during the test After 6 to 10 seconds it may take longer on some vehicles the computer will start sending the KOEO Self Test results to the Code Reader in th
21. the last cylinder balance code is retrieved Use the A B C and D examples in the TEST RESULTS CHART to determine the meaning of the test results The chart uses the 2 cylinder as an example but the procedures are the same for any cylinder TEST RESULTS CHART TEST RESULTS TEST PROBLEM POSSIBLE ist 2nd 3rd DEFINITION INDICATION CAUSE A 90 g System passed System passed System OK 1st test All cylinders are contributing equally B 20 90 Fails Ist test Weak cylinder Bad spark plug Passes 2nd test cylinder is firing wire or spark plug but not contribu Partially clogged ting the same as injector or injector the others circuit problem Mechanical problem rings valves etc C 20 20 90 Fails 1st test Same as above but Same as above Fails 2nd test condition is more but the condition Passes 3rd test severe is more severe D 20 20 20 Fails 1st test Very weak or dead Bad spark plug Fails 2nd test cylinder wire or spark plug Fails 3rd test Open or shorts on injector circuit clogged injector Mechanical problem rings valves etc Test Results Chart Examples Explanation A Ifa code 90 is retrieved the 1st time the cylinder balance test is performed example A in TEST RESULTS CHART the system is OK and no further testing is required Proceed to step 8 43 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYS
22. BLESHOOTING GUIDE If all procedures are followed and the Code Reader will not retrieve codes when performing the Key On Engine Off KOEO Self Test check the following 1 Code Reader s batteries change batteries as required 2 Check the vehicles Test Connector pins for corrosion and clean as necessary NOTE The Code Reader receives a ground signal from one of the pins of the vehicle s Test Connectors and uses it to signal the computer to initiate the Self Tests A problem in the vehicle s Test Connector ground pin or circuit will result in an improper ground being supplied to the code reader which will effect the code reader s ability to signal the computer to initiate the Self Test If after performing the procedures in step one and two the code reader still does not work proceed to EEC IV Systems MCU Systems bellow as applicable EEC IV Systems most 1985 95 vehicles 75 On some vehicles equipped with the EEC IV Computer Systems the vehicle s Test Connector ground circuit may have a poor ground due to bad ground point connections old and corroded wiring poor connector to wire contacts etc that will prevent the Code Reader from initiating the Self Test To alleviate this problem and allow the Code Reader to initiate the Self Test perform the following steps 1 Disconnect the single pin Vehicle s Test Connector from the code reader leave the six pin Test Connector connected to code reader 2 Route a jumper wir
23. CK ENGINE LIGHT Dash panel light used either to aid in identification and diagnosis of a system problems or to indicate that maintenance is required CHECK VALVE Valve that operates like a one way gate CID Cylinder Identification sensor or its circuit Chapter 6 78 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS 79 CKT Circuit CL Closed Loop CLC Converter Lock up Clutch CO Carbon Monoxide COC Conventional Oxidation Catalyst COMPUTER TIMING Total spark advance in degrees before top dead center Calculated by Ford EEC IV processor based on sensor input CONTINUOUS SELF TEST Continuous test of Ford EEC IV system conducted whenever vehicle is in operation CPS Crankshaft Position Sensor Provides the ECU with engine speed and crankshaft angle position CTS Coolant Temperature Sensor CURB IDLE Computer controlled idle rpm CVR Control Vacuum Regulator CWM Cold Weather Modulator CYLINDER IDENTIFICATION SIGNAL CID A signal generated by crankshaft timing sensor used to synchronize ignition coils due to the fact that some models use a 2 ignition coil pack DIS system C3I Computer Controlled Coil Ignition Produces ignition spark without aid of an ignition distributor DCL Data Communications Link DERM Diagnostic Energy Reserve Module and air bag SIR controller DFS Decel Fuel Shut off DIC Driver Information Center DID Driver Information Disp
24. E CONTROL SOLENOID Device installed on carburetor that regulates the air fuel ratio MLP Manual shift Lever Position sensor or its circuit MPFI Multi Port Fuel Injection MULTI PORT FUEL INJECTION Individual injectors for each cylinder mounted in intake manifold Injectors are pulsed in groups rather than individually NDS Neutral Drive Switch NGS Neutral Gear Switch or its circuit NON VOLATILE MEMORY Memory retained in block learn cells not affected by turning the ignition ON or OFF NOx Nitrous Oxides NPS Neutral Pressure Switch or its circuit OCT ADJ Octane Adjust device which modifies ignition spark Chapter 6 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS OHC Overhead Cam OXYGEN SENSOR Sensor that changes its voltage output as exhaust gas oxygen content changes as compared to the oxygen content of the atmosphere The constantly changing electrical signal is used to control fuel mixture PCM Powertrain Control Module Computer that controls engine fuel ignition and emission related functions PCV Positive Crankcase Ventilation System that controls flow of crankshaft vapors into engine intake manifold where they are burned in combustion rather then being discharged into the atmosphere PFE Pressure Feedback EGR sensor or its circuit PFI Port Fuel Injection PIP Profile Ignition Pickup PORTED VACUUM SWITCH Temperature actuated switch that changes vacuum connec
25. EC IV Electronic Engine Control design 4 A computer controlled system of engine control used on Ford EECS Evaporative Emission Control System EEGR Electronic Exhaust Gas Recirculation valve Sonic EEPROM Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EET Electronic Exhaust Gas Recirculation Transducer EFC Electronic Feedback Carburetor Utilizes an electronic signal generated by an exhaust gas oxygen sensor to precisely control air fuel mixture ratio in the carburetor EFI Electronic Fuel Injection Computer controlled fuel injection system On Ford EFI uses injectors in each intake port and CFI uses an injector in the throttle body EGO Exhaust Gas Oxygen sensor EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation system is designed to allow flow of inert exhaust gases into combustion chamber to cool combustion and reduce nitrous oxides in exhaust EHC Exhaust Heat Control vacuum solenoid or its circuit EIC Electronic Instrument Cluster ELECTRONIC SPARK CONTROL Used to retard spark advance if detonation occurs Chapter 6 80 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS 81 ELECTRONIC SPARK TIMING PCM controlled timing of the ignition spark EMR Electronic Module Retard controls spark retard ENGINE CONTROL MODULE A microprocessor based device which contains electronic circuitry to control and monitor air fuel and emission systems and aid in diagnostics EPC Electronic Pressure Contr
26. Engine Soon light SFI Sequential Fuel Injection type of MFI with injectors pulsed individually based on engine firing order SHO Super Height Output SIG RTN Signal Return circuit for all sensors except HEGO SIL Shift Indicator Light Indicates to driver optimum time to shift gears SIR Supplemental Inflatable Restraint SIR system air bag SIS Solenoid Idle Stop SOLENOID Wire coil with a movable core which changes position by means of electromagnetism when current flows through the coil SPARK RETARD SOLENOID Output device that receives an output signal from Ford MCU system to bleed distributor s vacuum advance when spark knock occurs SPOUT Spark output signal from EEC IV processor to TFI IV module used to control amount of timing retard SSI Solid State Ignition system STI Self Test Input Ford circuit in EEC or MCU systems Used to place computer into testing mode STO Self Test Output Ford circuit in EEC or MCU systems Used by computer to send testing and fault codes to tester T V Throttle Valve TAB Thermactor Air Bypass solenoid TACH INPUT Engine rpm signal sent to computer from ignition coil primary circuit TAD Thermactor Air Diverter solenoid TBI Throttle Body Injection Fuel TCC Torque Converter Clutch TCP Temperature Compensating Pump TDC Top Dead Center TFI Thick Film Ignition module Controls coil and ignition operation on most F
27. FORD DIGITAL CODE READER Front Cover Table of Contents Title Page No YOU CAN DO IT sente DOR repo P de Re C EE dep ee ii CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION SAFETY PRECAUTIONS sssssseee ene eee eens 1 INTRODUCTION epe RENE RP RR ERR a e eee 2 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL seeeeeee hs 2 VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS 0 cece eee hen 3 VEHICLES COVERED sssessse ehe o i 4 PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET 8 CHAPTER 2 ABOUT DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF USING COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS ON VEHICLES ssssseeeeeee enn 11 HOW DOES A COMPUTER SYSTEM WORK ON A VEHICLE AND WHAT IS IT S MAIN PURPOSE 0 0 0 0 ee ccc eee 11 HISTORY OF FORDS ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROL EEC SYSTEMS vart edt e due se ooa co Pd a deese siot ora e ende ma Ange ed ae 13 FORD COMPUTER SYSTEM OVERVIEW 0 00 00 ee 14 CHAPTER 3 ABOUT THE FORD CODE READER BEFORE YOU BEGIN iryo t pE EEA ooh RU pee ed 17 TEST CONNECTORS ousie neni Ne orte tetro Seas ag e EP du 18 CONNECTING THE FORD CODE READER TO THE VEHICLE S TESTI CONNECTORS 3 21 55 b dactiin soe a E eat BUR RIDERE es 18 FUNCTIONS OF THE FORD CODE READER sese 19 CHAPTER 4 RETRIEVING CODES OVERVIEW OF FAULT CODES 00 cece nee 23 OVERVIEW OF FORD CODE RETRIEVAL PROCESS 24 KEY ON ENGINE OFF KOEO TEST PROCEDURES EEC IV SYSTEMS sisareni EEEE Cap ere in CREE
28. Ford introduced another computer control system called the Microprocessor Control Unit MCU This system was used on a limited number of Ford vehicles up until 1991 1983 Ford introduces the Electronic Engine Control IV EEC IV system This system is capable of controlling a larger number of sensors switches and actuators and was used on a greater number of Ford vehicles The ECC IV system was used from 1983 to 1995 Chapter 2 About Diagnostic Systems FORD COMPUTER SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1994 Ford introduces the EEC V system OBD II This is a highly sophisticated system that uses more special programs to enhance the computer s capability to monitor detect and report failures especially to the vehicle s emission system This system was introduced on a limited number of 1994 and 1995 vehicles Starting in 1996 all Ford vehicles cars and light trucks sold in the US are equipped with the EEC V system NOTE The Ford Digital Code Reader is compatible only with the MCU and the EEC IV Computer Control systems The EEC I EEC II EEC III and the EEC V OBD II systems require specialized equipment to diagnose computer problems and or retrieve fault codes and are not compatible with the Ford Digital Code Reader FORD COMPUTER SYSTEM OVERVIEW Ford vehicle s computers are factory programmed with special Self Testing instructions that are specially designed to detect any failures in the various systems that the vehicle s comput
29. If your vehicle is equipped with these features perform the following immediately after retrieving the Cylinder ID code step 7 NOTE If you are unsure of your vehicle s equipment it is recommended that you perform these procedures anyway E If your vehicle has a Power Steering Pressure Switch PSPS turn the steering wheel a half turn wait three to five seconds then release The computer checks for proper variations in power steering pressure during this procedure Failure to perform this procedure will generate a Fault Code E If your vehicle has a Brake On Off BOO Switch step on the brake pedal once and release The computer checks the Brake On Off Switch for proper operation during this procedure Failure to perform this procedure will generate a Fault Code E Ifyour vehicle has an Overdrive Cancel Switch OCS turn the switch on and off once Failure to perform this procedure will generate a Fault Code 9 Thirty to sixty seconds after the cylinder ID code is re ceived code 10 may display code 10 is not applicable to all vehicles If a code 10 is displayed quickly press the accel erator pedal to the floor and release then proceed to step 10 If code 10 is not displayed proceed directly to step 10 Chapter 4 34 Retrieving Codes KOER SELF TEST EEC IV SYSTEMS B Code 10 is not a fault code The vehicle s computer uses code 10 to signal the Code Reader operator to perform a Wide Open Throttle mn WOT t
30. O R C Trucks ONLY EGR control circuit fault ex V8 models 34 O R C Trucks ONLY EVAP control system fault voltage higher than closed limit V8 models Defective EGR pressure transducer sensor 35 Cars ONLY RPM too low for EGR test 2 3L MAP Cars ONLY EVP PFE voltage high 35 O R C Trucks ONLY No EGE position signal RPM low 35 O R C Trucks ONLY EVAP control system fault V8 models 36 R System indicates lean at idle 36 Insufficient RPM increase during speed control test 37 R System indicates rich at idle 37 Insufficient RPM increase during speed control test 38 C DC motor idle speed control idle tracking throttle position sensor open circuit 39 C Cars ONLY Automatic overdrive not operating properly transmission failure 41 HEGO HO2S sensor voltage low system lean C HEGO HO2S sensor signal out of range always lean 41 41 C No HO2S switching detected 42 2 HARE HEGO HO2S sensor voltage high system rich C Cars ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor signal out of range always rich 4 49 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 42 55 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION No O2S switching detected open throttle Trucks ONLY Throttle position sensor below idle spec Diesel Lu R Thermactor air system fault Fas R Thermactorair upstream 46 R Thermactor air is not bypassed a o 4xAswitc
31. O Self Tests two groups of codes will be sent to the Code Reader by the vehicle s computer e The first groups of codes sent to the Code Reader are called KOEO Self Test codes e followed by the second group called Continuous Memory Codes NOTE Before the computer sends the second group of codes to the Code Reader it first sends a separator code code 10 to separate the first group of codes from the second group e Always observe safety precautions before and during testing process e ALWAYS check Code Reader battery before retrieving fault codes e Fixany known mechanical problems before this test 1 Warm up engine to normal operating temperature before performing this test 2 Turn ignition off 25 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes KOEO TEST PROCEDURES EEC IV SYSTEMS 3 With Code Reader off connect to the vehicle s test connectors see page 18 for test connector location Both the large and small connectors must be connected 4 If your vehicle is equipped with one of the following configurations perform the added procedures as described below For 4 9L engines with standard transmission press and hold the clutch until all Codes are sent Steps 4 to 10 For 7 3L diesel engines press and hold accelerator until all codes are sent Step 4 to 10 For 2 3L turbo engines with octane switch put switch in premium position NOTE Do not press throttle or brake or move steering wheel during this
32. R Dan ep eer ed 25 ENGINE TIMING CHECK EEC IV SYSTEMS 00 30 KEY ON ENGINE RUNNING KOER SELF TEST EEC IV SYSTEMS 32 ERASING CODES FROM EEC IV SYSTEMS esses 37 ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 0000 38 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS CAR AND TRUCK condstoos puc ed que posa e PES ansane sae Dette Gra duoi ma epe Sod 46 RETRIEVING FAULT CODES FROM MCU SYSTEMS 65 KEY ON ENGINE OFF KOEO SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS 66 KEY ON ENGINE RUNNING KOER SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS 68 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR MCU SYSTEMS CAR AND TRUCK 71 CHAPTER 5 TROUBLESHOOTING CODE READER TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE s esses 75 CHAPTER 6 GLOSSARY INTRODUCTION 2 5 2 23 2 3 ts a C eU Savant eee oe iate mere 77 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 00 77 CHAPTER 7 WARRANTY AND SERVICE LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY ssseeeeee eee 89 SERVICE PROCEDURES 4 2 ree three nece ehe RE rea 89 You Can Do It Plug It In e Ensure ignition is off e Plug Code Reader into test connector test connector is usually found under the hood Read Fault Codes e Turn on ignition DO NOT START ENGINE e Turn Code Reader ON e Press TEST HOLD button and read codes Pinpoint Problem Areas e Locate fault code s in the appropriate Code Definition List This is a brief introduction only Read this
33. Read Only Memory test failed 16 Cars ONLY Signal from Ignition Diagnostic Monitor IDM not received 16 R RPM too low to perform HEGO HO2S test 16 R Idle RPM high with ISC retracted 16 R RPM above self test limit with ISC off i12 R o O Cars ONLY RPM below self test limit i7 R Idle RPM low with ISC retracted 17 R Idle RPM high with ISC retracted 18 SPOUT circuit open or Spark Angle Word SAW circuit failure 18 C Loss of tachometer input IDM circuit failure SPOUT circuit grounded 19 O Failure in EEC PCM internal voltage 19 Cars ONLY Erratic RPM signal at idle too low Cars ONLY Cylinder Identification CID sensor failure EN EE X NNNM Power processor check Cooling Temperature sensor out of specified range or ECT out of range 22 O R C Manifold Absolute Pressure MAP or BARO sensor out of range 23 O R C Cars ONLY Throttle Position TP sensor signal out of range 23 Trucks ONLY Throttle Position TP sensor signal out of range 23 Fuel injector pump lever sensor input is out of self test range Diesel 24 Intake Air Charge Temperature ACT IAT sensor or Vane Air Temperature VAT sensor out of range 24 C Coil 1 primary circuit failure 47 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 25 33 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 25 Knock not sensed during Dynamic Response Test 26 Cars ONLY Mass Air Flow MAF se
34. Systems 45 e Always observe safety precautions before and during testing process e ALWAYS check Code Reader battery before retrieving fault codes e Use this test to check for intermittent faults in some circuits Circuits Tested 1984 amp Newer Air Charge Temp Sensor ACT Barometer Pressure Sensor BP Engine Coolant Temp Sensor ECT Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor EGO EGR Valve Position Sensor EVP Manifold Absolute Pressure MAP Throttle Position Sensor TP Vane Air Temp Sensor VAT 1985 amp Newer Vane Air Flow Sensor VAF 1986 amp Newer Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor PFE 1990 amp Newer Exhaust Gas Oxygen Sensor EGO Ignition Diagnostic Monitor IDM DIS or Dual Plug DIS only Idle Tracking Switch ITS Mass Air Flow Sensor MAF 1 Turn ignition off 2 Press and release the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader ON Press the TEST HOLD button to place the Code Reader on Hold then connect the Code Reader to the vehicle s test connectors E Both the large and small connectors must be connected 3 Turn the ignition on DO NOT START THE ENGINE Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 11 15 B For 1986 and older vehicles Wiggle test is now active Proceed to step 4 B For 1987 and newer vehicles Set Code Reader switch to TEST then HOLD then TEST Wiggle test is now active Proceed to Step 4 4 Perform Wiggle Test on circuit B
35. TEMS B Ifa cylinder problem code Code 20 in example B in TEST RESULTS CHART is retrieved the 1st time the test is performed repeat the test again If the system passes the 2nd time Code 90 the test is performed testing is complete Consult the Test Chart for Problem Indication and Possible Cause then proceed to step 8 e In example B the test results show that cylinder 2 failed the test the first time but passed the 2nd time indicating that 2 cylinder is firing but not contributing the same as the other cylinders C Ifa cylinder problem code Code 20 in example C in TEST RESULTS CHART is retrieved the 1st and 2nd time the test is performed repeat the test for a 3rd time If the system passes on the third time Code 90 testing is complete Consult the Test Chart for Problem Indication and Possible Cause and proceed to step 8 e In example C the test results show that cylinder 2 failed the 1st and 2nd tests but passed on the 3rd test This indicates that the cylinder is firing but not contributing the same as the other cylinders The test results also show that in example C the problem is more severe than in example B D Ifa cylinder problem code Code 20 in example D in TEST RESULTS CHART is retrieved the 1st 2nd and 3rd time the test is performed testing is complete Consult the Test Chart for Problem Indication and Possible Cause then proceed to step 8 e In example D the test results show that
36. ake sure the parking brake is engaged Put the transmission in park for automatic transmission or neutral for manual transmission Block the drive wheels with a suitable blocking device f Connecting or disconnecting test equipment when the ignition is on can cause a spark This spark is potentially damaging to the test equipment and to the vehicle s electronic components Always turn the ignition off before connecting or disconnecting any test equipment g To prevent damage to the on board computer when taking vehicle electrical measurements always use a digital multimeter with at least 10 Megohms of impedance 1 Chapter 1 General Information HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL h The vehicle s battery produces highly flammable hydrogen gas To prevent an explosion keep all sparks high temperature items or open flames away from the battery i Don t wear loose clothing or jewelry when working on an engine Loose clothing can get caught on the fan pulleys belts etc Jewelry is highly conductive and can cause a severe burn if it makes contact between a power source and ground INTRODUCTION Congratulations you have purchased one of the most technologically advanced Code Readers on the market today The Ford Digital Code Reader uses sophisticated electronics designed to retrieve engine and transmission applicable Ford vehicles only Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTC s from the vehicle s computer
37. ally controls their operation On some multiport fuel injection system the injectors all fire at the same time and at every engine revolution On other systems the injectors fire in groups and or at every other engine revolution What distinguishes Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection systems from other multiport fuel injection systems is that each injector is independently energized and fires sequentially one after the other in the proper firing order This gives the vehicle computer more control to cut the fuel to one injector at a time this can t be accomplished on the other systems because they fire in groups of two or more injectors The computer can be put in Cylinder Balance Test Mode by performing the KOER Self Test waiting until all the KOER codes have been transmitted to the Code Reader and then lightly taping the accelerator follow the Cylinder Balance Test procedures following Chapter 4 40 Retrieving Codes ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS Cylinder Balance Test Procedure 41 Always observe safety precautions before and during testing process ALWAYS check Code Reader battery before retrieving fault codes The vehicle must pass the KOEO test before performing this test Turn ignition off Turn the Code Reader off press the ON OFF button as necessary then connect the Code Reader to the vehicle s test connectors B Both the large and small connectors must be connected Turn the ignition o
38. as necessary then connect the Code Reader to the vehicle s test connectors B Both the large and small connectors must be connected 3 Turn on ignition DO NOT START THE ENGINE WARNING Keep away from any potentially moving parts 4 Press and release the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader ON B Three zeros should be visible on the display at this time 5 Press and release the TEST HOLD button to put the Code Reader in Test Mode B When the Code Reader is put into test mode it signals the vehicle s computer to start performing the Self Test The display will show a Triangle icon on the lower right hand corner of the display to indicate that the Code Reader is linked to the vehicle s computer and is in test mode Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS NOTE As soon as the TEST HOLD button is pressed the vehicle s computer enters the Self Test mode Clicking sounds will be heard coming from the engine This is normal It indicates that the vehicle s computer is activating relays solenoids and other components to check on their operation WARNING On some vehicles equipped with an Electric Cooling Fan the computer activates the cooling fan to check its operation To avoid injury keep hands or any part of your body a safe distance from engine during the test 6 After 6 to 10 seconds it may take longer on some vehicles the computer will start sending the KOEO Self Test results
39. cular problem This code is sent to the Code Reader during the Self Test procedure Chapter 2 14 About Diagnostic Systems FORD COMPUTER SYSTEM OVERVIEW 15 IMPORTANT When the computer is in Self Test mode is testing the sensors or actuators for proper operation it relies on voltage signals that it sends to and or receives from the sensors or actuators to determine whether or not these components are operating properly The sensors and actuators are all connected to the computer by wires If any defects are present in any part of the circuit that connects these devices to the computer such as defective connectors or wires faulty grounds improper voltage shorts etc the voltage signal that the computer receives from these devices will be affected The computer has no way of determining if the improper voltage signal is being caused by a defect in the circuit or by the sensors or actuators themselves Keep this in mind when servicing Fault Codes and do not replace any devices sensors or actuators before checking the complete circuit or circuits that are part of the device from which the code was generated Chapter 2 About Diagnostic Systems Chapter 2 16 About the Ford Code Reader BEFORE YOU BEGIN BEFORE YOU BEGIN e Fix any known mechanical problems before performing any test Make a thorough check before starting any test procedure Loose or damaged hoses wiring or electrical connectors are of
40. d Code Reader FUNCTIONS OF THE FORD CODE READER 4 FLASHING SQUARE Icon This icon flashes when the Code Reader receives Diagnostic Trouble Codes from the vehicle s computer The icon flashes each time a code is received the code is then shown on the Code Reader s display 5 LINK Icon When visible this icon indicates that the Code Reader is linked to the vehicle s computer and the computer is in test mode 6 Diagnostic Trouble Code Display Area Displays the Diagnostic Trouble Code number Each fault is assigned a code number that is specific to that fault Chapter 3 22 Retrieving Codes OVERVIEW OF FAULT CODES OVERVIEW OF FAULT CODES IMPORTANT Retrieving and utilizing Diagnostic Trouble Codes D TC s for troubleshooting vehicle operation problems is only one part of an overall diagnostic strategy Never replace a part based only on the Diagnostic Trouble Code Definition Always consult the vehicle s service manual for more detailed testing instructions Each DTC has a set of testing procedures instructions and flow charts that must be followed to confirm the exact location of the problem This type of information is found in the vehicle s service manual a Fault Codes are called Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTCs Trouble Codes Fault Codes or Service Codes these terms are used interchangeably throughout this manual These numeric codes are used to identify a problem in any of the systems that are monito
41. driving conditions idle low speed driving high speed driving low load high load etc The pre programmed reference values represent the ideal air fuel mixture spark timing transmission gear selection etc for any driving condition These values are programmed at the factory and are specific to each vehicle model 11 Chapter 2 2 About Diagnostic Systems HOW DOES A COMPUTER SYSTEM WORK ON A VEHICLE The on board computer receives information inputs from sensors and switches located throughout the engine These devices monitor critical engine conditions coolant temperature engine speed engine load throttle position air fuel ratio etc The computer compares the actual values received from these sensors with the reference values that are programmed in it s memory and makes corrections as needed so that the sensor values always match the pre programmed reference values for that particular driving condition Since vehicle operating conditions are constantly changing the computer continuously makes adjustments or corrections especially to the air fuel mixture and spark timing to keep all the engine systems operating within the pre programmed reference values NOTE The computer does not make the adjustments or corrections directly It commands other devices such as the fuel injectors idle air control EGR valve or Ignition Module to perform these functions These devices are called Actuators because they initiat
42. e an action in response to the commands of the computer How a Special Program in the Computer Detects and Reports Problems in the System e Beginning in 1988 California s Air Resources Board CARB and later the Federal Government s Environmental Protection Agency EPA required vehicle manufacturers to include a self diagnostic program capable of identifying an emissions related fault in a system in their On board Computers The first generation of On board Diagnostics came to be known as OBD I NOTE Most manufacturers including Ford began installing computers with On Board Diagnostics on some of their vehicles as early as 1981 e OBD Iisa set of self testing or self diagnosing instructions that are programmed into the vehicle s on board computer e The program is specifically designed to detect failures in the sensors actuators switches and wiring of the various vehicle emissions related systems fuel injection system ignition system EGR system catalytic converter etc If the computer detects a failure in any one of these components or systems it alerts the driver by illuminating a light on the dash the light will illuminate only if it is an emissions related problem Chapter 2 12 About Diagnostic Systems HISTORY OF FORD S EEC SYSTEMS e The computer also assigns a numeric code OBD I systems utilized a 2 or 3 digit code for each specific problem that it detects and stores these codes in it s memory
43. e form of numerical codes NOTE Most Ford EEC IV vehicle computers up to 1991 use a two digit code system From 1991 to 1995 most use a three digit code system A square icon on the right hand side of the screen displays and flashes each time the Code Reader receives a code The code is then shown on the Code Reader s display A small O is shown in the upper right hand corner of the display to indicate that the code being received is a KOEO Self Test fault code NOTE Each code is repeated two times If no problems are found during the KOEO Self Test the computer sends a pass code code 11 or 111 to the Code Reader Approximately six to nine seconds after the Code Reader receives the last KOEO Self Test fault code s a separation code code Code 11 or 111 indicates that all the relays and actuators and their related circuits that were tested are OK and no faults were found If the Code Reader fails to display codes consult the troubleshooting guide on pages 75 and 76 EA 10 is sent to the Code Reader Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes KOEO TEST PROCEDURES EEC IV SYSTEMS HM Code 10 is not a fault code Code 10 is a separation code used to separate the first group of codes KOEO Self Test Codes from the Continuous Memory group of codes B Code 10 also serves as an indication to the user that the vehicle s computer ha
44. e from the vehicle s harness single pin Test Connector to the vehicle s battery negative post or to a clean spot in the vehicle s metal frame See drawing 3 Proceed with KOEO Self Test as per KOEO instructions Chapter 5 Troubleshooting CODE READER TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE MCU Systems Most 1981 84 vehicles The 6 pin MCU Test Connectors for some vehicle models are not equipped with a ground terminal at position F This terminal is required by the code reader to provide a ground signal to the vehicle s computer to initiate the Self Test If no codes are displayed during pS the testing procedure check the Lm Test Connector for ground JUMP TO terminal at position F If no GROUND terminal is present at position F connect a jumper wire from the open terminal on the Code Reader to the negative post of the battery or a bare clean spot in the vehicle s metal frame B If after performing all the troubleshooting procedures the code reader still will not work consult the vehicles service repair manual and or contact the service department See page 89 for service information Chapter 5 76 Glossary INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION The Society of Automotive Engineers has issued a Standard SAE J1930 for Electrical Electronic Systems Diagnostic Terms Definitions Abbreviations and Acronyms However at the present time this Standard is not in wide use by vehicle manufacturers
45. ed codes until all the codes have been displayed NOTE All retrieved codes will stay in the Code Reader s memory and will only clear from the Code Reader s memory if the Self Test procedure is performed again codes from a prior test will clear automatically when new Self Test is performed or if batteries are removed from the Code Reader Chapter 4 70 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR MCU SYSTEMS 11 45 E Refer to page 72 for Fault Code Definitions for MCU Systems Use the code definition as a guide and follow the manufacturer s service procedures in the vehicle s service repair manual to troubleshoot and repair faults B All KOER codes that are received by the Code Reader during the KOER Self test represent problems that are present now at the time the test is performed The related vehicle problems that cause these codes to set must be repaired using the procedures described in the vehicle s repair manual 11 After all repairs have been completed repeat the KOER Self Test to confirm the repair was successful FAULT CODE DEFINITION FOR MCU SYSTEMS CAR amp TRUCK CODE FAULT CODE DEFINITION NOTE High Altitude refers to vehicles computer adjusted for high elevations I 4 All except High Altitude System OK I 4 High Altitude only Altitude ALT circuit is open I 6 System OK V 6 All except High Altitude System OK V 6 High Altitude only Altitude ALT circuit is open V 8 All
46. emaining time of this warranty This warranty does not apply to damage caused by improper use accident abuse or if the product was altered or repaired by anyone other than the Manufacturer s Technical Service Center Consequential and incidental damages are not recoverable under this warranty Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state No portion of this warranty may be copied or duplicated without the expressed written permission from the Manufacturer TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND WARRANTY SERVICE 89 Products requiring service should be returned as follows 1 Call the Technical Service Center to obtain a Return Reference Number Package the product carefully to prevent shipping damage Include your name return address and a day contact phone Enclose a copy of the dated sales receipt Describe the problem Ship prepaid to Technical Service Center 17291 Mt Herrmann Street Fountain Valley CA 92708 U S A For Technical Assistance Warranty Service contact us at Phone USA amp Canada 1 800 544 4124 Others 714 241 6805 Fax 714 432 7910 Web www iEquus com Email service iEquus com Chapter 7 Warranty and Service Chapter 7 90 FORD DIGITAL CODE READER Back Cover
47. er monitors and controls The computer monitors the vehicle s sensors oxygen sensors coolant temperature sensors mass airflow sensors EGR valve MAP sensors etc and actuators fuel injectors EGR system idle air control cooling fan canister purge solenoid spark advance etc for proper operation All of these devices are connected to the vehicle s computer by wires The sensors communicate with the computer by sending voltage signals inputs that correspond with the vehicle s current operating condition If the voltage that the computer receives from a particular sensor does not agree with the voltage value that is programmed in its memory for that particular driving condition A Diagnostic Trouble Code is generated that pertains to that particular circuit or system Actuators receive commands from the computer in the form of voltage signals to perform a certain functions or adjustment Example The computer might command a fuel injector to increase the amount of fuel injected into the engine After the computer commands the fuel injector to inject more fuel in to the engine it then monitors the voltage signal from that injector to ensure that the injector has responded If the fuel injector s voltage signal does not change it indicates that the fuel injector is not responding to the computer s command The computer then determines that there is a problem in the injector or injector circuit and generates a code related that parti
48. er does not generate codes The Code Reader serves as a key that links to and opens communication with the vehicle s computer to prompt the computer to perform Self Tests and to receive test results or retrieve codes 19 Chapter 3 About the Ford Code Reader FUNCTIONS OF THE FORD CODE READER The vehicle s computer generates and assigns fault codes whenever it detects a problem in any of the various systems that it monitors and or controls Once the Code Reader is connected to the vehicle s Test Connector s the user can signal the computer to perform the Self Tests by pressing the TEST HOLD button The computer then starts performing a Self Test of all the components and or circuits it controls The results of the tests are sent to the code reader as numerical codes to help the repairperson pinpoint a particular problem in any of the computer control systems This Code Reader is designed to retrieve Diagnostic Trouble Codes from Ford EEC IV and MCU systems only Code Reader Controls and Indicators 1 Code Reader Connector Connects to the vehicle s six pin Test Connector the six pin test connector is used on both MCU and ECC IV systems 2 Code Reader Connector Connects to the vehicle s single pin Test Connector the single pin Test Connector is used on EEC IV systems only MCU systems are not equipped with single pin test connectors 3 LCD Display Displays test results Diagnostic Trouble
49. er off turn the engine off and disconnect the Code Reader from the vehicle s test connectors The codes received are now stored in the code reader s memory 35 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes KOER SELF TEST EEC IV SYSTEMS 13 To view codes stored in the Code Reader s memory press the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader on then press and release the MEMORY button the first stored code will display Continue pressing and releasing the MEMORY button to scroll through the stored codes until all the codes have been displayed NOTE All retrieved codes will stay in the Code Reader s memory and will only clear from the Code Reader s memory if the Self Test procedure is performed again codes from a prior test will clear automatically when new Self Test is performed or if batteries are removed from the Code Reader 14 Ifany KOER Self Test Fault Codes were received E Refer to page 46 for Fault Code Definitions for EEC IV Systems Match the codes R retrieved with the codes le b shown in the Fault Code j Definition list to determine the fault M Use the code definitions as a guide and follow the manufacturer s service procedures in the vehicle s service repair manual to troubleshoot and repair faults B All KOER codes that are received by the Code Reader during the KOER Self Test represent problems that are present now at the time the test is performed The related vehicle p
50. est quickly press ILI and release the accelerator pedal This procedure is called the Dynamic Response Check The computer uses this brief Wide Open Throttle WOT test to verify the operation of the Throttle Positioning Mass Airflow Manifold Absolute Pressure and Knock Sensors m If you fail to press the accelerator to the floor as instructed in step 9 a Dynamic Test Failure Code may be generated 10 After the dynamic test is completed if applicable the vehicle computer proceeds to test the actuators switches relays and their related circuits If any problems are detected in any of these components or circuits as they are tested a Diagnostic Trouble Code is sent to the Code Reader NOTE Each code is repeated two times 11 If no problems are found during the KOER Self Test the computer sends a pass code code 11 or 111 to the Code Reader B Code 11 or 111 indicates that all the relays and actuators and their related circuits that were tested during the KOER Self Test are OK and no faults were found NOTE Most Ford EEC IV vehicle computers up to 1991 use a two digit code system From 1991 to 1995 most use a three digit code system 12 After all the KOER Self Test codes are received by the Code Reader wait until the flashing square icon no longer appears on the screen for 30 consecutive seconds to ensure that all the codes have being retrieved turn the Code Read
51. f the screen displays and flashes each time the Code Reader receives a code The code is then shown on the Code Reader s display B A small R is shown in the upper right hand corner of the display to indicate that the code being received is a KOER Self Test Fault Code The first code displayed by the code reader is the Cylinder Identification ID Code E The cylinder ID code identi fies the number of cylinders of the vehicle that is under test Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes KOER SELF TEST EEC IV SYSTEMS NOTE If code 98 or 998 dis plays instead of a cylinder ID code the vehicle is operating in Failure Mode The computer goes into failure mode when it detects a signal from a sensor that indicates the sensor has failed and is completely out of specifications The computer substitutes a fixed signal value for the failed sensor to keep the vehicle running Failure mode codes 98 or 998 are usually accompanied by one or more Diagnostic Trouble Codes that indicate the failed sensor A vehicle operating in failure mode is operating at a minimal level and the faults that are causing these Diagnostic Trouble Codes to set must be repaired as soon as possible 8 Check your vehicle s service manual to see if your vehicle is equipped with a Power Steering Pressure Switch Brake On Off BOO Switch and or an Overdrive Cancel Switch
52. h closed 40D Far R Ges ONLY Vane air low low at dle Las R ars ONLY Vane Air fow high at idle left side ECT sensor out of range indicated circuit open 52 Jo Cars ONLY PSPS PSP circuit open 52 Cars ONLY PSPS PSP circuit out of range Trucks ONLY Power steering pressure switch open O C Throttle Position sensor above maximum voltage 52 53 53 C 0 Fuel injector pump lever sensor input is greater than self test 54 5 O C Intake Air charge temperature sensor circuit open vane air flow sensor out of range R Cars ONLY Open connection in ignition key circuit 5 Chapter 4 50 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 55 62 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION KE Trucks ONLY Charging system fault O Cars ONLY Mass or vane air flow sensor above maximum voltage transmission sensor failure 56 C Trucks ONLY Mass Air Flow sensor fault voltage higher than normal 4 0L models Trucks ONLY Transmission oil temperature sensor fault ex 4 0L models Cars ONLY Octane adjust circuit grounded Cars ONLY AXOD Neutral Pressure Switch NPS circuit fault circuit open O C Cars ONLY Vane air control circuit fault circuit open Trucks ONLY Idle tracking switch circuit fault 59 Cars ONLY AXOD 4 3 pressure switch circuit failure or idle adjust circuit grounded 2 9L MAP 59 O C Cars ONLY AXOD 4 3 pressure switch circui
53. igh Altitude refers to vehicles computer adjusted for operation at high elevations I 4 car Idle Tracking Switch is closed at idle I 4 truck Idle Decel Vacuum Switch is closed constantly I 6 Wide Open Throttle Vacuum Switch is closed constantly V 6 All except High Altitude Altitude circuit is open V 6 High Altitude only System OK V 8 All except High Altitude Altitude ALT circuit is open V 8 High Altitude only System OK I 4 Wide Open Throttle Vacuum Switch is closed constantly I 6 CROWD Vacuum Switch is closed constantly NOTE High Altitude refers to vehicles that are computer adjusted for high elevation operation I 4 All except High Altitude Altitude circuit is open I 4 High Altitude only System OK V 6 Mid Vacuum Switch is closed constantly V 8 Mid Vacuum Switch is closed constantly Chapter 4 72 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITION FOR MCU SYSTEMS 65 66 CODE FAULT CODE DEFINITION NOTE High Altitude refers to vehicles that are computer adjusted for high elevation operation I 4 All except High Altitude Altitude circuit is open I 4 High Altitude Only System OK V 6 Mid Vacuum Switch is closed constantly V 8 Mid Vacuum Switch is closed constantly 66 I 6 Closed Throttle Vacuum Switch is closed constantly 73 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes Chapter 4 74 Troubleshooting CODE READER TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE CODE READER TROU
54. ing the KOER Self Test otherwise results of the KOER Self Test may be invalid e Ignition timing and timing advance must be operating properly in order for the KOER Self Test results to be considered valid Perform an Ignition Timing Check page 31 before performing the KOER Self Test e Always observe all safety precautions before and during the testing process e ALWAYS check the code reader s batteries before the test Chapter 4 32 Retrieving Codes KOER SELF TEST EEC IV SYSTEMS 33 1 Warm up the vehicle to normal operating temperature E Start the engine increase engine speed to 2000 RPM and maintain engine speed for approximately two to three minutes In most cases this is sufficient to allow the engine to warm up to normal operating temperature NOTE Failure to warm engine to normal operating temperature before performing KOER test might result in a false Fault Code being sent to the code reader Turn ignition off Turn the Code Reader off press the ON OFF button as necessary then connect the Code Reader to the vehicle s test connectors B Both the large and small connectors must be connected Turn ignition on and start the engine Press and release the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader ON nnn E Three zeros should be visible Lj LJ LJ on the display at this time Press and release the TEST HOLD button to put the Code Reader in Test Mode m A square icon on the right hand side o
55. itch fault closed circuit Cars ONLY Vane air flow sensor fault insufficient range during Dynamic Response Test Operator error during Dynamic Response Test Wide Open Throttle not sensed Trucks ONLY Time delay relay fault O Cars ONLY Air Conditioner ON during Self Test defrost on 53 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 79 89 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 79 Trucks ONLY Air conditioner on while performing test 81 Air diverter solenoid fault intake air control circuit fault air injection diverter 82 Air diverter solenoid circuit fault or supercharger bypass circuit fault se Oo Integrated relay control module 83 O EGRolenoid circuit fault 2 3L MAP s Oo Cars ONLY Cooling fan circuit fault 83 O C Cars ONLY Low speed fuel pump relay circuit fault circuit open 3 0L MAF SFT s o EVPEGRORGRY 84 Cars ONLY EGR vacuum regulator circuit failure 84 O Trucks ONLY EGR vent fault 85 Cars ONLY Canister Purge Solenoid circuit failure 85 C Cars ONLY Adaptive fuel limit reached lean 85 Trucks ONLY Canister purge circuit failure ras o Shift solenoid 3 4 45 Adaptive fuel limit reached or 3 4 shift solenoid circuit failure C Cars ONLY Adaptive fuel limit reached rich 87 O R C Cars ONLY Fuel pump primary circuit fault 87 Trucks ONLY Primary fuel pump circuit failure s o Cars ONLY C
56. ke Air Temperature IAT sensor circuit below minimum voltage 254 F indicated 55 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 112 138 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 112 O C Trucks ONLY Air charge temperature sensor below minimum voltage 113 O C Intake air charge temperature sensor above maximum voltage 40 indicated 114 Air charge temperature sensor higher or lower than expected voltage 116 Engine coolant temperature higher or lower than expected 117 O C Engine coolant temperature sensor below minimum voltage 254 F indicated 118 O C Engine coolant temperature sensor above maximum voltage 0 to 40 F indicated 121 O R C Closed throttle voltage higher or lower than expected 122 0 C Throttle Position sensor below minimum voltage 123 O C Throttle Position sensor above maximum voltage 124 C Throttle Position sensor voltage above normal 125 C Throttle Position sensor voltage below normal 126 O R C Manifold absolute pressure MAP or barometric sensor BARO above or below es e Cylinder identification circuit failure Cars ONLY Manifold absolute pressure sensor failure vacuum hose disconnected or Trucks ONLY Manifold absolute pressure sensor vacuum hose disconnected or damaged 129 Insufficient Mass Air Flow MAF change during dynamic response test 1386 R HEGO HO2S sensor fault always lean AE HEGO HO2S sensor fault always rich
57. l Injection FBC Feedback Carburetor MFI Multiport Fuel Injection OHC Overhead Cam SC Super Charged SEFI Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection SFI Sequential Fuel Injection 7 Chapter 1 General Information PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET The purpose of this form is to help you gather preliminary information on your vehicle before you retrieve codes By having a complete account of your vehicle s current problem s you will be able to systematically pinpoint the problem s by comparing your answers to the fault codes you retrieve You can also provide this information to your mechanic to assist in diagnosis and help avoid costly and unnecessary repairs It is important for you to complete this form to help you and or your mechanic have a clear understanding of your vehicle s problems NAME DATE VIN YEAR MAKE MODEL ENGINE SIZE VEHICLE MILEAGE VIN Vehicle Identification Number found at the base of the windshield on a metallic plate or at the driver door latch area consult your vehicle owner s manual for location TRANSMISSION Q Automatic C Manual Please check all applicable items in each category DESCRIBE THE PROBLEM Chapter 1 8 General Information PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET WHEN DID YOU FIRST NOTICE THE PROBLEM C Just Star
58. lay DIS Direct Ignition System Produces ignition spark without aid of an ignition distributor Similar to C3I DOL Data Output Link Fuel calculation data from EEC IV processor to trip computer DPDIS Dual Plug Distributorless Ignition System used on some Ford 2 3L engines DPI Dual Plug Inhibit used on some Ford 2 3L engines DUAL CATALYTIC CONVERTER Combines 2 converters in one shell Controls NOx HC and CO Also called TWC DURA SPARK SYSTEM The Ford ignition system used with the 5 8L feedback carbureted MCU control system Chapter 6 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS DV TW Delay Valve 2 Way DVM 10 MEG Digital voltmeter with a minimum of 10 million ohms resistance Allows measurement in circuit without affecting the circuit operation DWELL Amount of time recorded on a dwell meter in degrees that current passes through a closed switch E40D Ford Electronic 4 speed Overdrive transmission EAS Electronic Air Switching directs airflow to catalytic converter or exhaust ports of the engine EBCM Electronic Brake Control Module ECA Electronic Control Assembly Ford s engine controlling computer ECM Engine Control Module properly call a Powertrain Control Module ECT Engine Coolant Temperature sensor or circuit ECU Electronic Control Unit To process input information to trigger ignition control module EDF Electro Drive Fan relay or its circuit E
59. le braking At gear engagement With A C operating DODCODCOUDCUO DRIVING HABITS C Mostly city driving Q Highway Q Park vehicle inside C Park vehicle outside GASOLINE USED Q 87 Octane C 89 Octane With headlights on During acceleration Mostly driving downhill Mostly driving uphill Mostly driving level Mostly driving curvy roads Mostly driving rough roads mE mE mi mE mi mi m Drive less than 10 miles per day Drive 10 to 50 miles per day Drive more than 50 miles per day OOO m m 91 Octane More than 91 Octane WEATHER CONDITIONS WHEN PROBLEM OCCURS Q 32 55 F 0 13 C C Below freezing 32 F 0 C Q Above 55 F 13 C CHECK ENGINE LIGHT DASH WARNING LIGHT Q Sometimes ON C Always ON C Never ON PECULIAR SMELLS C Hot C Gasoline C Sulfur rotten egg C Burning oil Q Burning rubber Q Electrical STRANGE NOISES 0 Rattle Q Squeak C Knock C Other Chapter 1 10 About Diagnostic Systems 2 WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF USING COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS ON VEHICLES Vehicle Computer Control Systems can perform millions of calculations in one second making them an ideal substitution for the much slower mechanical engine controls By switching from mechanical engine controls to electronic engine controls vehicle manufacturers were able to control fuel delivery and spark timing as well as other engine
60. manual for a complete description of the Code Reader and its proper operation ii General Information SAFETY PRECAUTIONS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS To avoid personal injury instrument damage and or damage to equipment under test do not operate the Ford Digital Code Reader before reading this manual This manual describes common test procedures used by experienced service personnel and technicians Many test procedures require precautions to avoid accidents that can result in personal injury and or vehicle or equipment damage Always read your vehicle s service manual and follow its safety precautions before any test or service procedure is performed a When an engine is running it produces carbon monoxide a toxic and poisonous gas To prevent serious injury or death from carbon monoxide poisoning operate a vehicle ONLY in a well ventilated area b To protect your eyes from propelled objects as well as hot or caustic liquids always wear approved safety eye protection c When an engine is running several objects rotate at a very high rate of speed cooling fan pulleys fan belt etc To avoid serious injury always be conscious of moving parts and keep a safe distance from all these items as well as other potentially moving objects d Engine parts become extremely hot when the engine is running To prevent severe burns avoid contact with hot engine parts e Before starting an engine for troubleshooting m
61. mediately after the Key On Engine Off KOEO Self Test is performed 1 Perform the Key On Engine Off KOEO Self Test steps 1 through 11 refer to page 25 for procedures 2 Wait until the Code Reader retrieves all the KOEO Self Test and Continuous Memory codes B The flashing square icon no longer appears on the display when all the codes have been retrieved 3 Immediately after all Continuous Memory codes have been retrieved step on the accelerator pedal once then release This activates the Output State Check and energizes most of the actuators relays and solenoids that are controlled by the vehicle s computer NOTE If your vehicle is equipped with an Integrated Vehicle Speed Control disconnect the vacuum supply hose from the speed control servo before pressing the accelerator Reconnect vacuum hose after test B The square icon will appear and stays on solid on the right hand side of the code reader s display to indicate that the Actuators are energized 4 To de energize the actuators press the accelerator pedal once and release The square will disappear indicating that the actuators are de energized B The procedure can be repeated as many times as desired by pressing and releasing the accelerator pedal to energize and de energize the Actuators 5 Consult the vehicle s service manual for a list of all the actuators solenoids and relays controlled by the computer that apply to the vehicle under test and which ac
62. n and start the engine Press and release the TEST HOLD button to put the Code Reader in test mode The vehicle s computer will perform a Key On Engine Running Self test E A square icon on the right hand side of the screen displays and flashes each time the Code Reader receives a code The code is then shown on the Code Reader s display NOTE Each code is repeated twice Wait until all the codes are sent the flashing square icon no longer appears then without disconnecting or turning Code Reader or the engine off proceed to step 6 NOTE Do not concern yourself with the KOER test results or any KOER fault codes received at this time The purpose of briefly performing the KOER test is to put the computer into the Cylinder Balance Test Mode this mode will allow the user to determine if all the cylinders are contributing equally to vehicle operation After all the KOER codes have been received by the Code Reader lightly press the accelerator about one quarter of the way down then release B For 1986 models ONLY Fully press accelerator once and release Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS The computer is now in Cylinder Balance Test Mode and will start cutting fuel to each cylinder in sequence to determine if all the cylinders are contributing equally It may take up to five minutes before the test results are transmitted to the Code Reader 7 After the computer finishes performi
63. nd circuit open 511 O Read Only Memory ROM test failure 519 Power Steering Pressure Switch circuit open 521 Power Steering Pressure Switch circuit fault 522 Vehicle not in Park or Neutral during KOEO 524 O C Cars ONLY Low speed fuel pump circuit open battery to ECA 525 Cars ONLY Vehicle was in gear or A C on during self test 526 Cars ONLY Neutral Pressure Switch NPS PNP circuit closed A C on 527 Cars ONLY Neutral Drive Switch NDS PNP circuit open A C on 528 Clutch switch circuit fault 529 C Cars ONLY Data communications link or EEC circuit fault 532 Cluster control assembly circuit failure 533 C Cars ONLY Data communications link or EIC circuit fault 61 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 536 568 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 536 R C Brake On Off BOO circuit not activated during KOER 538 Insufficient RPM change during KOER Dynamic Response Test 538 Trucks ONLY invalid cylinder balance test due to throttle movement during test 539 O A C on Defrost on during KOEO Fuel pump secondary circuit fault Fuel pump secondary circuit fault 551 o Idle Air Control solenoid circuit fault 552 Jo Thermactor air bypass solenoid circuit fault Air management circuit 1 failure 553 Thermactor air diverter solenoid circuit fault Air management circuit 2 failure 554 Cars ONLY Fuel Pressure Regulator Co
64. ng the Cylinder Balance Test the test results are sent to the Code Reader in the form of two digit codes Chapter 4 The computer compares the power contribution that each cylinder makes to engine operation If a cylinder is not contributing at the same level as the other cylinders the computer sends a two digit code to the Code Reader that identifies that particular cylinder see code description below If all cylinders are contributing equally the computer sends a pass code code 90 to the Code Reader to indicate that the system is OK and that all cylinders are contributing equally Cylinder Balance Test Code Definitions CODE CODE DEFINITION 10 Cylinder 1 has a problem 20 Cylinder 2 has a problem 30 Cylinder 3 has a problem 40 Cylinder 4 has a problem 50 Cylinder 5 has a problem 60 Cylinder 6 has a problem 70 Cylinder 7 has a problem 80 Cylinder 8 has a problem 90 System is OK all cylinders are contributing equally NOTE The severity of an improperly contributing cylinder may be anywhere from mild to no contribution at all In order for the computer to determine the severity of an improperly contributing cylinder the Cylinder Balance Test may have to be consecutively repeated up to three times 42 Retrieving Codes ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS B The Cylinder Balance Test can be repeated by pressing and releasing accelerator pedal as described in step 6 on page 41 within two minutes after
65. nsor or Vane Air Flow VAF sensor or Transmission Oil Temperature TOT sensor out of range 26 Trucks ONLY MAF sensor or circuit fault 4 0L models 26 Trucks ONLY Transmission oil temperature sensor fault ex 4 0L 27 C Cars ONLY Vehicle speed sensor or EDIS fault Coil 2 primary circuit failure 28 Cars ONLY Vane Air Temperature VAT sensor EDIS or DIS fault 28 C Loss of primary tachometer IDM right side 29 C Insufficient input from the Vehicle Speed Sensor VSS 29 C Insufficient input from programmable speedometer odometer module 31 O R C Cars ONLY EVP or PFE circuit below minimum voltage 31 O R C Trucks ONLY EGR valve control sensor fault ex V8 models 31 Trucks ONLY EVAP control system below minimum voltage 32 Cars ONLY EGR valve control system signal out of specification ENMECHEM Cars ONLY EGR valve not seated R C Trucks ONLY EGR pressure feedback fault 1985 89 models O R Cars ONLY EVP voltage low SONIC or EPT circuit voltage low PFE Cars ONLY EGR valve not opening properly Trucks ONLY EGR valve fault not closing properly TPS fault Diesel Chapter 4 48 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 34 42 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 34 Cars ONLY EGR valve not opening properly 34 O R C Cars ONLY Insufficient EGR flow or EVP voltage high SONIC or PFE sensor voltage high or out of specification 34
66. ntrol FPRC circuit failure 554 m Fuel pressure regulator control circuit failure 555 Supercharger bypass solenoid circuit failure Fuel pump relay primary circuit fault Fuel pump primary circuit failure 558 O EGR valve regulator solenoid circuit fault 559 Cars ONLY Air conditioning ON relay circuit failure Auxiliary electric fan circuit failure 563 Cars ONLY High Speed Electro Drive Fan circuit fault 564 Cars ONLY Electro Drive Fan circuit fault 565 lO Canister purge solenoid circuit fault 566 lo 3 4 shift solenoid circuit failure 567 Speed control vent circuit failure 568 i Speed control vacuum circuit failure Chapter 4 62 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 569 631 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 569 Trucks ONLY Auxiliary Canister Purge AUX CANP circuit failure 571 O EGReireuit failure 572 O EGR circuit failure 582 O Fancireuitopen O communication failure 621 O Shift Solenoid 1 circuit fault 622 O Shift Solenoid 2 circuit fault 623 C O Transmission control indicator lamp circuit failure 624 O C Electronic Pressure Control solenoid circuit fault 625 Electronic Pressure Control solenoid circuit fault Hard fault is present 626 O Coast Clutch solenoid circuit fault 627 O C Converter Clutch Control solenoid circuit fault O C 3 Excessive converter clutch sli
67. nuous Memory codes only apply to EEC IV systems and are retrieved during the KOEO Self Test e Ford designed its On Board Diagnostic Self Tests in such a way that in order to properly diagnose a problem you must performed all the Self Tests in the proper sequence As described above some tests are designed to detect problems only when the vehicle is in normal operation some tests are designed to activate components and detect problems only with the Key On and Engine Off and other Chapter 4 24 Retrieving Codes KOEO TEST PROCEDURES EEC IV SYSTEMS tests are designed to activate components and test their operation only with the Key On and Engine Running Do not take short cuts If you fail to perform a test or you perform a test out of sequence you might miss a problem that is only detected during that particular test procedure To properly receive Diagnostic Trouble Codes from the Ford computer control system perform the Self Tests in the following order 1 Key On Engine Off KOEO Self Test 2 Ignition Timing Check vehicle Ignition Timing System must be working properly before the KOER Self Test can be performed 3 Key On Engine Running KOER Self Test IMPORTANT e To retrieve Diagnostic Trouble Codes from EEC IV Systems proceed to the next section below e To retrieve Diagnostic Trouble Codes from MCU systems proceed to page 66 KEY ON ENGINE OFF KOEO TEST PROCEDURES EEC IV SYSTEMS NOTE During the KOE
68. ode code 11 or 111 is not received the repair was unsuccessful Consult the vehicle s service manual and recheck repair procedures DO NOT PROCEED TO IGNITION TIMING CHECK PROCEDURE UNTIL A PASS CODE CODE 11 OR 111 FOR KOEO SELF TEST IS OBTAINED IMPORTANT Before Continuous Memory codes can be serviced both the KOEO and the KOER Self Tests must pass a code 11 or 111 is obtained After both of these tests have passed erase the vehicle s computer memory see page 37 take the vehicle for a short drive then repeat the KOEO Self test If any Continuous Memory faults are present service them at this time Refer to page 46 for Fault Code Definitions for EEC IV Systems and consult the vehicle s service repair manual for servicing Continuous Memory Fault Codes 29 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes ENGINE TIMING CHECK EEC IV SYSTEMS ENGINE TIMING CHECK EEC IV SYSTEMS IMPORTANT Before performing the KOER Self Test the vehicle s Ignition Base Timing and the computer s ability to electronically control timing advance must be checked for proper operation Maladjustment of ignition timing or a problem in the advance circuit might generate false fault codes when performing the KOER Self Test that would cause the test to be invalid Use the following procedures to check for proper ignition timing and to verify the computer s ability to electronically advance ignition timing This procedure is used to check for p
69. ode Reader and possible damage to the vehicle s computer system Chapter 3 18 About the Ford Code Reader FUNCTIONS OF THE FORD CODE READER E For the EEC IV Computer System most vehicles built after 1984 connect the Code Reader to BOTH 1 large six pin female con nector with molded housing EEC IV E NC TEST 2 small single pin female CONNECTOR connector NOTE 1988 and newer vehicles may have more than one similar connector for other systems i e fi Z CODE Anti Lock Brakes only the UN READER connector with an extra single pin is the correct test connector for computer service codes use If you have any questions about the MCU correct connector please refer to coynecton T your vehicle s service manual for detailed information E For the MCU System most vehicles built between 1981 f cope HI 1983 connect the Code READER SN 4d Reader to the six pin female connector only Optional Extension Cable For one person operation a 6 optional extension cable for test connection is available through your local store or service department The extension cable allows you to do all the code reading without the help of another person FUNCTIONS OF THE FORD CODE READER The Ford Digital Code Reader is a diagnostic tool that is specially designed to connect to the vehicle s test Connector s to communicate with the vehicle s computer The Code Read
70. ol engine idle speed and to set throttle stop angle during deceleration ISC Idle Speed Control either computer control motor air bypass valve or any device used to control idle rpm ITS Idle Tracking Switch KAM Keep Alive Memory Battery power memory locations in computer used to store failure codes and some diagnostic parameters Chapter 6 82 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS 83 KAPWR Keep Alive Power used to power KAM circuit of the processor KNOCK SENSOR KS Input device that responds to spark knock caused by over advanced ignition timing KOEO Key On Engine Off KOER Key On Engine Running LEAN MIXTURE Air fuel mixture that has excessive oxygen left after all fuel in combustion chamber has burned 1 part fuel to 15 or more parts air LED Light Emitting Diode LOCK UP TORQUE CONVERTER Converter with internal mechanism that locks turbine to impeller when engaged LUS Lock Up Solenoid M C Mixture control or mixture control solenoid MAF Mass Air Flow sensor used to measure amount of airflow through the throttle body MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure sensor or its circuit MAT Manifold Air Temperature MFI Multi port Fuel Injection MIL Malfunction Indicator Light Check engine light MICROPROCESSOR CONTROL UNIT MCU The controlling computer used on early Ford feedback carburetor systems and all 5 8L feedback carburetor equipped Fords MIXTUR
71. ol solenoid EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory ER Engine running used on some Ford system tests ERS Engine RPM Sensor ESA Electronic Spark Advance ESC Electronic Spark Control EST Electronic Spark Timing EVP EGR Valve Position sensor or its circuit EVR EGR Vacuum Regulator or its circuit EVRV Electronic Vacuum Regulator Valve Controls EGR vacuum EXHAUST GAS OXYGEN SENSOR Sensor that changes its voltage output as exhaust gas oxygen content changes as compared to oxygen content of the atmosphere The constantly changing electrical signal is used to control fuel mixture EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION Procedure where a small amount of exhaust gas is readmitted to combustion chamber to reduce peak combustion temperatures thus reducing NOx FAIL SAFE or Fail Soft any attempt by a computer to compensate for a fault or lost signal usually by substituting fixed replacement valves FEEDBACK CARBURETOR FBO System of fuel control employing a computer controlled solenoid that varies the carburetors air fuel mixture FEEDBACK CARBURETOR ACTUATOR Computer controlled stepper motor used on Ford feedback carburetors that varies air fuel mixture FMEM Failure Mode Effects Management Sometimes referred to limp in mode FTO Filter Tach Output An output from Ford DIS TFI IV module which provides a filtered ignition signal to the processor in order to control dwell Chapter 6 Glossary
72. ooling fan creat fault ss o Trucks ONLY Choke relay out of range _ ss 0o Shift solenoid 34 48 AXOD Lock Up Solenoid LUS circuit failure or Clutch Converter Override CCO circuit failure Chapter 4 54 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 89 112 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 8 Oo Exhaust heat control fa Jo Shift Solenoid 1 SS1 circuit failure 91 Cars ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor voltage low system lean Cars ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor signal out of range always lean Shift Solenoid 2 SS2 circuit failure Cars ONLY HEGO HO2S sensor voltage high system rich Cars ONLY Throttle position sensor signal input low at maximum DC motor extension or Converter Clutch Control CCC circuit failure Trucks ONLY Coast clutch circuit failure Converter Clutch Control CCC circuit failure Cars ONLY Air diverter solenoid circuit fault Fuel pump secondary circuit fault Fuel pump secondary circuit fault high speed fuel pump relay open 95 Oc SNL Overdrive Cancel Indicator Light OCIL circuit failure Electronic Pressure Control EPC driver failure in processor Cars ONLY Hard fault is present FMEM mode Em exc Trucks ONLY Test failure hard fault repeat sequence 1985 through 1988 Electronic Pressure Control EPC circuit failure Cars ONLY EEC system has not learned to control idle System PASS Cars ONLY Inta
73. open 222 C Distributorless Ignition System loss of right side ignition Diagnostic Monitor IDM signal Distributorless Ignition System loss of dual plug inhibit DPI control 24 C p Brratie TDM input to processor _ Erratic IDM input to processor Trucks ONLY SPOUT circuit ground coil 1 2 3 or 4 225 Knock sensor fault during dynamic response test 226 C Cars ONLY Ignition diagnostic Monitor IDM signal not received 226 C Trucks ONLY Electronic Distributorless Ignition System EDIS problem Crankshaft Position Sensor CPS problem Crank position sensor 232 C Trucks ONLY Electronic Distributorless Ignition System EDIS Coil 1 2 3 or 4 circuit fault Spark angel pulse width error PCM detect coil 4 primary circuit failure 239 2 Crank position signal received with engine off 241 2 EDIS to EEC processor ignition diagnostic module pulse width transmission error Operating in DIS failure mode Secondary circuit failure 244 R Cylinder identification circuit failure 311 Thermactor air system fault during engine run self test 59 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 312 416 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 312 Thermactor air system fault during engine run self test 313 Thermactor air system air not bypassed during self test 314 Cars ONLY Thermactor air system fault during engine run self test left side 326 R C Cars ONLY EGR sensor circuit vol
74. ord vehicles Chapter 6 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS THERMACTOR AIR BYPASS SOLENOID Solenoid switches engine manifold vacuum Vacuum reacts on thermactor bypass valve to bypass thermactor air to the atmosphere Used on Ford MCU feedback carburetor system THERMACTOR AIR CONTROL VALVE Combines function of a normally closed air bypass valve and an air diverter valve in one integral valve THERMACTOR AIR DIVERTER SOLENOID Solenoid switches engine manifold vacuum Vacuum switches thermactor air from downstream past EGO sensor to upstream before EGO sensor when solenoid is energized Used on Ford MCU feedback carburetor system THERMACTOR AIR SYSTEM Efficiency of catalytic converter is dependent upon temperature and chemical makeup of exhaust gases These requirements are met by the thermactor air supply system THREE WAY CATALYST Combines 2 converters in 1 shell Controls NOx HC and CO Also called dual catalytic converter TIMING Relationship between spark plug firing and piston position TK Throttle Kicker solenoid when energized supplies manifold vacuum to throttle kicker actuator as directed by computer to compensate for engine loads Also called idle up system TOT Transmission Oil Temperature sensor TP Throttle Position sensor or its circuit Used to signal computer the position of the throttle plates TPI Tuned Port Injection a type of MFI with intake tubes designed
75. pair was successful Do not proceed to the KOER Self test until all the problems that caused any KOEO fault codes to set are repaired KEY ON ENGINE RUNNING KOER SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS IMPORTANT The Preliminary Procedures page 66 and the KOEO Self Test page 67 must be completed first before the KOER Self Test is performed otherwise test results might be invalid When the KOER Self Test is activated it tests the operation of the actuators relays switches etc under actual engine operating conditions During this test the computer sends electrical signals to some of these devices and waits for their response to see if its commands are carried out properly If the response from any of these devices is incorrect that particular device fails the test and the computer assigns a numerical Fault Code that is specific to the device circuit and or system where the problem was detected All faults detected during the KOER Self Test are sent to the Code Reader as numerical fault codes for further evaluation e Always observe all safety precautions before and during the testing process e ALWAYS check the Code Reader s batteries before conducting the test Chapter 4 68 Retrieving Codes KOER SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS NOTE For vehicles with 2 3L HSC High Swirl Combustion engines Locate vacuum tee and restrictor in the thermactor vacuum control line and uncap during KOER Test Reconnect after testing is completed
76. powered choke voltage should be approximately 7 5 volts 3 Turn ignition off 4 If your vehicle has one or more of the following configurations perform the Set Up Procedures as described below 65 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes KOEO SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS B In Line 4 and In Line 6 with canister control valve Remove hose from connector port B Reconnect after testing is completed B V 6 and V 8 Remove PCV valve Reconnect after testing is completed B 2 3L with GK code Locate the anti backfire vacuum switch tee behind the MCU module and remove the cap Reconnect after testing is completed B 2 3L with EGR vacuum load control valve Cover vacuum valve vent holes with tape Remove the tape after testing is completed B 4 2L with vacuum delay valve Uncap restrictor in Thermactor Air Diverter TAD solenoid vacuum line Reconnect after testing is completed B 5 8L with vacuum delay valve Uncap restrictor in Thermactor Air Bypass TAB solenoid vacuum line Reconnect after testing is completed KEY ON ENGINE OFF KOEO SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS e The Preliminary Procedures page 66 must be completed before performing the KOEO Self Test e Always observe safety precautions before and during testing process e ALWAYS check Code Reader battery before retrieving fault codes e Fix any known mechanical problems before this test 1 Warm up engine to normal operating temperature before this test 2 Turn ignition
77. ppage Converter clutch solenoid circuit fault or lock up solenoid circuit fault 628 oo oo Cars ONLY Lock up solenoid failure 631 O Overdrive Transmission Cancel Indicator Light circuit fault 63 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 632 655 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION Overdrive Transmission Cancel Switch no action during self engine run test LES LO p Ax dswiteh is elosed __ 4 x 4 switch is closed Manual Lever Position sensor voltage higher or lower than expected or A C on 636 Transmission Oil Temperature higher or lower than expected 637 O C Transmission Oil Temperature circuit above maximum voltage 638 O C Transmission Oil Temperature circuit below minimum voltage 639 R C Insufficient input from transmission speed sensor 641 Cars ONLY Shift Solenoid 8 circuit fault 643 O C Cars ONLY Converter Clutch Control CCO circuit failure 645 C Cars ONLY Incorrect gear ratio first gear 646 C Cars ONLY Incorrect gear ratio second gear 647 C Cars ONLY Incorrect gear ratio third gear 648 C Cars ONLY Incorrect gear ratio fourth gear 649 C Cars ONLY Electronic Pressure Control Circuit solenoid higher or lower than expected 651 C Cars ONLY Electronic Pressure Control circuit solenoid failure Cars ONLY Modulated Lock Up Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid circuit fault 652 C Transmission over temp condition Transmission over temp condition
78. r For Use Installing the Battery B 2 AA batteries are required to perform tests E Batteries sold separately a Remove the battery compartment cover from the back of the Code Reader 17 Chapter 3 About the Ford Code Reader TEST CONNECTORS b Match battery terminals with battery connector contacts c Place batteries into battery compartment d Reinstall battery compartment cover TEST CONNECTORS e The gateway to your vehicle s onboard computer Ford equips its vehicles with special Test Connectors that make it possible to connect specialized testing equipment that communicates with the vehicle s onboard computer Ford s vehicle test connectors are usually dark in color BLACK or GREY and found under the hood Sometimes they have a plastic cover over them or are labeled EEC Test The connectors can be found in the following general locations in the engine compartment SINGLE PIN EEC IV TEST CONNECTOR MCU TEST CONNECTOR e Near the front corner right or left e Near the fender well right or left e Near the fire wall right or left CONNECTING THE FORD CODE READER TO THE VEHICLE S TEST CONNECTOR S NOTE The Code Reader is designed to match the computer s test connector When properly connected the test connector should match the pre molded guides around the Code Reader pins as shown on next page Forcing the test connector onto the Code Reader improperly may result in damage to the C
79. r s memory and will only clear from the Code Reader s memory if the Self Test procedure is performed again codes from a prior test will clear automatically when new Self Test is performed or if batteries are removed from the Code Reader Chapter 4 28 Retrieving Codes KOEO TEST PROCEDURES EEC IV SYSTEMS 14 Ifany KOEO Self Test Fault Codes were retrieved E Refer to page 46 for Fault Code Definitions for EEC IV Systems Match the codes me UE retrieved with the codes led shown in the Fault Code i Definition list to determine the fault E Use the code definitions as a guide and follow the manufacturer s service procedures in the vehicle s service repair manual to troubleshoot and repair faults B All KOEO Self Test codes except Continuous Memory Codes that are received by the Code Reader during the KOEO Self test represent problems that are present now at the time the test is performed The related vehicle problems that cause these codes to set must be repaired using the procedures described in the vehicle s service repair manual E Do not service Continuous Memory codes at this time See IMPORTANT note at end of KOEO procedure for more details 15 After all repairs have been completed repeat the KOEO Self Test If a pass code code 11 or 111 is received it indicates that the repairs were successful and you can proceed to perform Ignition Timing Check see page 30 If a pass c
80. radiator If the VECI decal is missing or damaged refer to your vehicle s service manual for specifications 8 Iftiming light readings are not within the acceptable range base timing may be out of adjustment or the computer may have problems with the timing advance circuit 31 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes KOER SELF TEST EEC IV SYSTEMS E Turn the engine off and disconnect the Code Reader from the test connectors Refer to the vehicle s service manual for instructions on adjusting and or repairing ignition timing 9 If timing light readings are within the acceptable range base timing and the vehicle s computer ability to advance timing are working properly E Turn engine off and disconnect the Code Reader from test connectors Proceed to page 32 and perform the KOER Self Test B Timing Procedures for 1993 And Newer Vehicles excluding diesel engines Due to the complexity and large variation of Ford 1993 and newer models with computer controlled ignition timing systems timing adjustment and or checking procedures vary widely from one model to the next Refer to the vehicle s service manual for procedures to check and adjust timing DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ADJUST TIMING WITHOUT MANUFAC TURER S SPECIFICATIONS AND PROCEDURES KEY ON ENGINE RUNNING KOER SELF TEST EEC IV SYSTEMS IMPORTANT e The KOEO Self Test page 25 must be performed first and a pass code code 11 or 111 must be obtained before perform
81. red by the vehicle s on board computer b Each Fault Code is assigned a message that identifies the circuit component or system area where the problem was detected c Ford Diagnostic Trouble Codes are composed of two or three digit numbers B Most early model Ford vehicles up to 1991 use a two digit code system B Most late model Ford vehicles 1992 to 1995 use a three digit code system The computer records codes for three types of conditions 1 It records Fault Codes for problems that are present at the time the Self Tests are performed the Code Reader is used to place the vehicle s computer in Self Test Mode the procedures are described in detail later in this manual These types of codes are usually called Hard Codes Hard Codes will make the check engine light or Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL if equipped on the dash to come on and stay on solid 2 It records and saves Fault Codes for Intermittent Problems not applicable to MCU systems These problems come and go intermittently Intermittent Fault Codes may cause the Check Engine Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL light to flicker on dash 23 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes OVERVIEW OF FORD CODE RETRIEVAL PROCESS 3 It records and retains in its memory not applicable to MCU systems a record of faults that occurred in the past but are no longer present The vehicle s computer keeps these Fault Codes in its memory for a specific period of time
82. roblems that caused the codes to be set must be repaired using the procedures described in the vehicle s repair manual 15 After all repairs have been completed repeat the KOER Self Test E Ifa pass code code 11 or 111 is received it indicates that the repairs were successful and all the related systems are working properly E Ifa pass code code 11 or 111 is not received the repair was unsuccessful Consult the vehicle s service manual and recheck repair procedures Chapter 4 36 Retrieving Codes ERASING CODES FROM EEC IV SYSTEMS ERASING CODES FROM EEC IV SYSTEMS 37 IMPORTANT Continuous Memory Codes are the only ones that are saved in the vehicle s computer long term memory KOEO and KOER Self Test fault codes represent problems that are present at the time these tests are performed and are detected by the computer only while the problem is present KOEO and KOER codes are not saved in the vehicle s computer memory and if the problem that caused these faults to set is repaired these codes will no longer be present when the Self Tests are performed This procedure clears Continuos Memory codes from the vehicle s computer memory e Erase codes only when all repairs have been completed e Always observe safety precautions before and during testing process e ALWAYS check Code Reader battery before retrieving fault codes 1 Turn ignition off 2 Turn the Code Reader off press the ON OFF button
83. roper ignition timing and to verify the computer s ability to electronically advance ignition timing e For 1992 and older vehicles the Code Reader can be used in combination with a timing light to check ignition timing and the vehicle s computer ability to advance ignition timing Follow the procedures in paragraph A e For 1993 and newer vehicles follow procedures in paragraph B A Timing Procedures for 1992 and Older Vehicles excluding diesel engines e Always observe safety precautions before and during Self Test e ALWAYS check Code Reader battery before retrieving fault codes e A timing light is required to perform this test e The vehicle must pass the KOEO test before performing this test 1 Turn ignition off 2 Turn the Code Reader off press the ON OFF button as necessary then connect the Code Reader to the vehicle s test connectors B Both the large and small connectors must be connected Start the engine Press and release the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader ON Chapter 4 30 Retrieving Codes ENGINE TIMING CHECK EEC IV SYSTEMS 5 Press and release the TEST HOLD button to put the Code Reader in test mode The vehicle s computer will perform a Key On Engine Running Self test E A square icon on the right hand side of the screen displays and flashes each time the Code Reader receives a code The code is then shown on the Code Reader s display 6 Wait until all codes have
84. s completed the first part of the KOEO Self Test and that the next groups of codes to be displayed are Continuous Memory codes 11 Approximately nine seconds after the Code Reader receives the E separation code code 10 it l begins retrieving any Continuous p Memory codes that are present in i lt the vehicle s computer memory B A small C is shown in the upper right hand corner of the display to indicate that the codes being retrieved are Continuous Memory codes E If no Continuous Memory codes are present in the vehicle s computer memory The code reader will display a pass code code 11 or 111 12 After all the KOEO Self Test Codes and Continuous Memory codes have been received by the Code Reader wait until the flashing square icon no longer appears on the display for 30 consecutive seconds to ensure that all the codes have been retrieved press the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader off disconnect the Code Reader from the vehicle s test connectors and turn the ignition off E The codes retrieved are now stored in the Code Reader s memory 13 To view codes stored in the Code Reader s memory press the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader on then press and release the MEMORY button the first stored code will display Continue pressing and releasing the MEMORY button to scroll through the stored codes until all the codes have been displayed NOTE All retrieved codes will stay in the Code Reade
85. s under test B A small R will show in the upper right hand corner of the display to indicate that the code being retrieved is a Key On Engine Running KOER code NOTE If all the procedures are followed and the Code Reader fails to work refer to Troubleshooting on page 75 6 Test the knock sensor if applicable after the cylinder ID code is transmitted Place a steel shaft near the bottom of the knock sensor not on the sensor With a light hammer knock slowly on the end of the shaft for 15 seconds NOTE For vehicles equipped with knock sensors Code 25 may display if the knock sensor test in step 6 is not performed 7 If any problems are detected on any components or circuits as they are being tested a numerical code Diagnostic Trouble Code will be sent to the Code Reader 8 After all the KOER Self Test Codes are received by the Code Reader wait until the flashing square icon no longer appears on the screen for 30 consecutive seconds to ensure that all the codes have been retrieved turn the Code Reader off 9 Turn the engine off and disconnect the Code Reader from the vehicle s test connector The codes received are now stored in the Code Reader s memory 10 To view codes stored in the Code Reader s memory press the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader on then press and release the MEMORY button the first stored code will display Continue pressing and releasing the MEMORY button to scroll through the stor
86. sor clutch switch fault Cars ONLY Neutral Drive Switch NDS circuit failure circuit open or A C input Cars ONLY Manual Lever Position MLP sensor out of range or A C input high 4 9L MAP 5 8L MAP O C Cars ONLY Vane air temperature circuit grounded O R C Cars ONLY Transmission temperature switch circuit failure circuit open C Trucks ONLY Transmission oil temperature over heat Chapter 4 52 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 68 79 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION Trucks ONLY Idle tracking switch 1985 through 1989 models Cars ONLY AXOD 4 3 or 3 2 pressure switch circuit failure circuit closed e O Trucks ONLY Vehicle Speed Sensor fault C AXOD 4 8 or 3 2 pressure switch circuit failure circuit open or 3 4 shift error E4OD Cars ONLY ECM failure 71 C Cars ONLY ECM reinitialization detected on Cluster Control Assembly CCA circuit failure Idle tracking switch closed on pre position 72 C Cars ONLY System power circuit fault Message Center Control Assembly MCCA circuit failure 72 MAP MAF or BP sensor out of range during Dynamic Response Test 73 Cars ONLY Insufficient throttle position change 73 Cars ONLY Throttle Position Sensor fault insufficient range 73 Trucks ONLY Insufficient Throttle Position change during Dynamic Response Brake On Off BOO switch fault not actuated Brake On Off BOO sw
87. stic Trouble Code Service Procedures for your vehicle will be needed VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS It is recommended that you consult the manufacturer s service manual for your vehicle before any test or repair procedures are performed Contact your local car dealership auto parts store or bookstore for availability of these manuals The following companies publish valuable repair manuals B Haynes Publications 861 Lawrence Drive Newbury Park California 91320 Phone 800 442 9637 B Mitchell International 14145 Danielson Street Poway California 92064 Phone 888 724 6742 B Motor Publications 5600 Crooks Road Suite 200 Troy Michigan 48098 Phone 800 426 6867 FACTORY SOURCES Ford GM Chrysler Honda Isuzu Hyundai and Subaru Service Manuals B Helm Inc 14310 Hamilton Avenue Highland Park Michigan 48203 Phone 800 782 4356 3 Chapter 1 VEHICLES COVERED CAR Ford Lincoln Mercury Computer System Code Reader Application Table General Information VEHICLES COVERED CARS The following table is applicable to all models excluding Diesel of Ford Lincoln and Mercury vehicles Fuel Systems 8th VIN Carburetor Model Application Special Notes Computer System 1981 1982 2 3L I 4 OHC A FBC 6500 2V 2 3L I 4 OHC FBC 7200 VV 2V FBC 6500 2V Capri Cougar Fairmont Granada Mustang Zephyr Continental Cougar Granada T Bird Cal only Capri Cougar Fairmont
88. t failure or 2 3 shift error E4OD O C Cars ONLY Low speed fuel pump circuit failure Trucks ONLY Transmission throttle pressure switch circuit fault 1985 through 1988 models Trucks ONLY 2 3 shift error 1989 models 61 O C Engine coolant temperature sensor fault or circuit grounded 62 Cars ONLY AXOD 4 8 or 3 2 pressure switch circuit failure circuit closed 62 C Cars ONLY Transmission clutch fault E4OD 62 Trucks ONLY Transmission 4 3 circuit fault 51 Chapter 4 4 Retrieving Codes FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 63 68 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 63 O C Throttle Position TP circuit fault below minimum voltage 63 C O0 Fuel injection pump lever sensor input is less than self test minimum Diesel 64 O C ACT IAT vane air temperature sensor fault or circuit grounded 65 Overdrive Cancel Switch not changing state E40D transmission fault 65 Trucks ONLY Charging system 1985 through 1988 models 65 C Cars ONLY Fuel injector never went closed loop Cars ONLY VAF mass air flow sensor fault below minimum voltage Trucks ONLY MAF circuit below voltage 4 0L models TOT sensor signal input below self test minimum or vane air flow circuit below minimum E40D Neutral Pressure Switch NPS circuit failure circuit open 3 0L MAP 3 0L MAF SFI 3 8L SFI per fe Cars ONLY Clutch switch circuit failure Trucks ONLY Air conditioning compres
89. tage lower than expected 327 O R C EGR valve position circuit below minimum voltage EVP EPT circuit below minimum voltage 328 O R C EGR closed valve voltage lower than expected Insufficient EGR flow detected EGR closed valve voltage high 335 EGR sensor circuit voltage higher or lower than expected during self test 336 R C EGR sensor circuit voltage higher than expected Trucks ONLY Exhaust pressure high EGR sensor circuit above maximum voltage 338 C Cars ONLY Engine Coolant temperature ECT lower than expected 339 C Cars ONLY Engine Coolant temperature ECT higher than expected 341 Cars ONLY Octane adjust service pin open Lm o Erratic A C compressor clutch cycling Cannot control RPM during KOER low RPM check Cannot control RPM during KOER high RPM check Idle speed control system at minimum learning limit Idle air control system at maximum learning limit Chapter 4 60 Retrieving Codes 4 FAULT CODE DEFINITIONS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS 452 533 TEST CODE CONDITION FAULT CODE DEFINITION 452 Cars ONLY Vehicle Speed Sensor VSS signal fault 452 C Trucks ONLY Vehicle Speed Sensor VSS signal fault Servo leaking down during test Servo leaking up during test Insufficient RPM increase during speed Insufficient RPM decrease during test 457 Speed control command switches circuit not functioning 458 m Speed control command switches stuck or circuit control Speed control grou
90. ted C Started Last Week C Started Last Month Q Other LIST ANY REPAIRS DONE IN THE PAST SIX MONTHS PROBLEMS STARTING C No symptoms Q Cranks but will not start C Will not crank C Starts but takes a long time ENGINE QUITS OR STALLS CL No symptoms Q Right after vehicle comes to a stop Q Right after starting Q While idling Q When shifting into gear Q During acceleration Q During steady speed driving C When parking IDLING CONDITIONS Q No symptoms C Is sometimes too fast or too slow Q Is too slow at all times C Is rough or uneven C Is too fast C Fluctuates up and down RUNNING CONDITIONS C No symptoms Q Backfires Q Runs rough C Misfires or cuts out C Lacks power C Engine knocks pings or rattles Q Bucks and jerks Q Surges Q Poor fuel economy C Dieseling or run on C Hesitates or stumbles on accelerations 9 Chapter 1 Q No symptoms C Shifts too early or too late C Changes gear incorrectly PROBLEM OCCURS Q Morning Q Afternoon General Information PRELIMINARY VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS WORKSHEET AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION PROBLEMS if applicable CL Vehicle does not move when in gear Q Jerks or bucks C Anytime ENGINE TEMPERATURE WHEN PROBLEM OCCURS Q Cold Q Warm LC Hot DRIVING CONDITIONS WHEN PROBLEM OCCURS Short less than 2 miles 2 10 miles Long more than 10 miles Stop and go While turning Whi
91. ten responsible for poor engine performance and in some cases they may cause a false fault code Please read your vehicle s service manual for proper connection of vacuum hoses electrical wiring and wiring harness connectors Check the following areas a All fluid levels check the oil power steering trans mission if applicable coolant and other engine fluids b Air cleaner and ducts check for holes rips excessive dirt in filter and for disconnected ducts You may wish to check your owner s manual to determine when you should change the air filter C Belts check for ripped torn brittle loose or missing belts d Mechanical linkage associated with sensors Refer to your vehicle s service manual for locations e Rubber vacuum fuel and steel hoses check for leaks cracks blockage or other damage check for proper routing f Spark plugs and wires check for damaged loose disconnected or missing spark plug wires g Battery terminals make sure battery terminals are clean and tight check for corrosion or broken connections Verify proper battery and charging system voltage h Electrical connectors and wiring make sure wire insulation is in good condition and there are no exposed wires Make sure all cables are connected securely i Verify that the engine is mechanically sound If necessary perform a compression check engine vacuum check timing check if applicable etc Preparing The Code Reade
92. tions when the coolant temperature changes POT Potentiometer POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE Same as ECM but also controls electronically controlled automatic transmission PROFILE IGNITION PICKUP A Hall effect vane switch that furnishes crankshaft position data to the EEC IV processor PROM Programmable Read Only Memory PSPS Power Steering Pressure Switch Signal is used by computer to compensate for power steering loads PVS Ported Vacuum Switch QUICK TEST A functional diagnostic test for Ford EEC IV system consisting of test hookup key on engine off engine running and continuous self test models RAP Retained Accessory Power RELAY Switching device operated by a low current circuit which controls opening and closing of another higher current circuit RELIEF VALVE Pressure limiting valve located in exhaust chamber of thermactor air pump Relieves part of exhaust airflow if pressure exceeds a calibrated value RICH MIXTURE Air fuel mixture that has more fuel than can burn completely 1 part fuel to 14 or less parts air SAW Spark Advance Word and also Spark Angle Word SC Super Charged Chapter 6 84 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS 85 SCC Spark Control Computer SEFI Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection Injectors located in intake ports that inject fuel triggered by ignition timing SELF TEST One of 3 subsets of Ford EEC IV quick test modes SES Service
93. to be tuned for performance Most TPI engines are also SFI TTS Transmission Temperature Switch TVS Temperature Vacuum Switch TVV Thermal Vent Valve TWC Three Way Catalyst VACUUM A term to describe a pressure that is less than atmospheric pressure VACUUM ADVANCE Advances ignition timing with relation to engine load or computer signals VAF Vane Air Flow sensor or its circuit VAT Vane Air Flow Temperature sensor Chapter 6 86 Glossary GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBRREVIATIONS VM Vane Meter or air flow meter VSS Vehicle Speed Sensor WOT Wide Open Throttle or Wide Open Throttle switch ZONED VACUUM SWITCHES 3 switches used on Ford MCU system that provides input signals to MCU regarding engine load 67 Chapter 6 Chapter 6 88 Warranty and Service LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY The Manufacturer warrants to the original purchaser that this unit is free of defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one 1 year from the date of original purchase If the unit fails within the one 1 year period it will be repaired or replaced at the Manufacturer s option at no charge when returned prepaid to the Technical Service Center with Proof of Purchase The sales receipt may be used for this purpose Installation labor is not covered under this warranty All replacement parts whether new or re manufactured assume as their warranty period for only the r
94. to the Code Reader in the form of numerical codes E A square icon on the right hand side of the screen displays and flashes each time the Code Reader receives a code The code is then shown on the Code Reader s display 7 As soon as the code reader starts receiving codes press and release TEST HOLD button to put Code Reader on HOLD B The Code Reader must be put on HOLD while it is retrieving codes in order for Continuous Memory codes to be erased from the computer s memory 8 Continuous Memory codes are erased 9 Turn off the ignition and disconnect the Code Reader from the test connectors ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS NOTE These tests are additional supplemental tests and are not needed to retrieve Diagnostic Trouble Codes Ford has included them to further assist the technician do it yourselfer in the troubleshooting of vehicle problems Chapter 4 38 Retrieving Codes ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS Relay and Solenoid Test Output State Check The Output State Check is a special program in the vehicle s computer that allows the user to energize turn ON and de energize turn OFF on command most of the actuators relays and solenoids that are controlled by the computer e Use this test to check computer output voltages and relay solenoid operation NOTE The fuel injectors and fuel pump are not energized during this test e The Output Check Mode is activated im
95. tored in the Code Reader s memory Turn the ignition off and disconnect the Code Reader from the vehicle s test connector The codes retrieved are now stored in the Code Reader s memory To view codes stored in the Code Reader s memory press the ON OFF button to turn the Code Reader on then press and release the MEMORY button the first stored code will display Continue pressing and releasing the MEMORY button to scroll through the stored codes until all the codes have been displayed Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes KOER SELF TEST MCU SYSTEMS NOTE All retrieved codes will stay in the Code Reader s memory and will only clear from the Code Reader s memory if the Self Test procedure is performed again codes from a prior test will clear automatically when new Self Test is performed or if batteries are removed from the Code Reader 11 Go to page 72 for FAULT CODE DEFINITION FOR MCU SYSTEMS Use the code definitions as a guide and follow the manufacturer s service procedures in the vehicle s service manual to troubleshoot and repair faults B All KOEO Self Test codes that are received by the Code Reader during the KOEO Self Test represent problems that are present now at the time the test is performed The related vehicle problems that cause these codes to set must be repaired using the procedures described in the vehicle s service manual 12 After all repairs have been completed repeat the KOEO Self Test to verify the re
96. tracted and disconnected BCM Body Computer Module BOO Brake On Off input to the computer BOOST Condition of over pressure above atmospheric in the intake manifold caused by intake air being forced in by a turbocharger or supercharger BP Barometric Pressure sensor Used to compensate for altitude variations BPA ByPass Air solenoid BTDC Before Top Dead Center BVT Back pressure Variable Transducer CANISTER A container in an evaporative emission system that contains charcoal to trap fuel vapors from the fuel system CANISTER PURGE SOLENOID Electrical solenoid or its control line Solenoid opens a valve from fuel vapor canister line to intake manifold when energized Controls flow of vapors between carburetor bowl vent and carbon canister CANP Canister Purge solenoid CATALYTIC CONVERTER Muffler like assembly placed in exhaust system that contains a catalyst to change hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide into water vapor and carbon dioxide CCC Converter Clutch Control solenoid or its circuit CCD Computer Controlled Dwell used on Ford Vehicles CCO Converter Clutch Override output from the computer processor to the transmission CCS Coast Clutch Solenoid or its circuit CENTRAL FUEL INJECTION Computer control fuel injection at throttle body used on Fords same as throttle body injection CER Cold Enrichment Rod CES Clutch Engage Switch CFI Central Fuel Injection CHE
97. tuators should energize and de energize when performing the Output State Check All applicable actuators should be on when energized and off when de energized 39 Chapter 4 Retrieving Codes ADDITIONAL TESTS FOR EEC IV SYSTEMS B The vehicle s computer sends a voltage output signal or a ground signal to energize the actuators If an actuator is not responding to the Output State Check follow the procedures described in the vehicle s service manual to check computer actuator output circuit voltages and or grounds 6 After performing the Output State Check turn off the ignition and disconnect the Code Reader from the test connectors Cylinder Balance Test Vehicles equipped with Sequential Electronic Fuel Injected SEFI systems only The Cylinder Balance Test assists in finding a weak or non contributing cylinder The computer shuts off fuel cuts off power to injectors to each cylinder in sequence and monitors for RPM changes drop Based on this information the computer determines if all the cylinders are contributing power equally for proper engine operation or if some cylinders are only contributing partially or not contributing at all SEFI Introduction Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection SEFI belongs to a family of fuel injection systems called Multiport Multipoint Fuel Injection Multiport MFT fuel injection systems contain one fuel injector per cylinder and the vehicle s computer electronic
98. your vehicle s repair manual for proper identification VIN Number The VIN number s used in this column identify the vehicle s engine type This number is the 8th digit of the VIN Vehicle Identification Number Consult your vehicle s repair manual for details Application Table Definitions CFI Central Fuel Injection DOHC Dual Overhead Cam EFI Electronic Fuel Injection FBC Feedback Carburetor HSC High Swirl Combustion MFI Multiport Fuel Injection OHC Overhead Cam SC Super Charged SEFI Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection SFI Sequential Fuel Injection SHO Super High Output TRUCKS VANS Ford Computer System Code Reader Application Table The following table is applicable to all models of Trucks Vans and Utility Vehicles Fuel Systems 8th VIN Carburetor Computer Model Application Special Notes System 1981 1982 4 9L 1 6 E FBC YFA Bronco Cal only E and F MCU Series Trucks Vans 1983 2 0L 1 4 FBC 2150A Ranger Pickup 2 3L I 4 OHC FBC YFA Ranger Pickup excluding high altitude 4 9L 1 6 FBC YFA Bronco Cal only E and F Series Trucks Vans 8500 Ib GVW or less only FBC 2150A Bronco II and Ranger Pickup 2 3L I 4 OHC FBC YFA 2 8L V 6 FBC 2150A Bronco II Ranger Pickup 4 9L I 6 FBC YFA Bronco E and F Series Trucks 5 0L V 8 FBC 2150A Vans 8500 Ib GVW or less only 5 8L V 8 FBC 2150A 2 3L I 4 OHC

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