Schneider Probiotiques CLANs Limousin
Contents
1. 303z017 4 lt 2 13 S boulardii 8772005 798 0 02t 747 009f 7062z003t 6662z008t 618 010f 192 Ultralevure 9 70 002 8522008t 7 79 020f 7512x016 7 26 x 0 20 7 10 0 14 lt 2 43 Wapiti darmbalans 9 07 0315 625x014 556 0 10f 5 10 0 27 4 76 0 40 4 51 x 0 40 2 14 Nutrition Nice Probiotiques et pathologie digestive VT VF yY VF VF VF VF VF VF ow YH Diarrhee infectieuse Diarrhee associee aux antibiotiques Diarrhee du voyageur Diarrhee en nutrition enterale MICI Syndrome de l intestin irritable Intol rance au lactose Toxicit des AINS de la radioth rapie Infection Helicobacter pylori Pancr atite aigue Enc phalopathie h patique Probiotiques et pathologies extra digestives Allergie et atopie Infections respiratoires gynecologiques Fonction pulmonaire chez l enfant asthmatique Accouchement premature t Nombre de lymphocytes CD4 dans le SIDA gt Troubles de l tat nutritionnel Ld Pr vention de la diarrh e aigu 690 potentially relevant studies identified e h y e ee A Pare aigu abstract DAA S gt D la rrh ee d U VOYa ge ur preliminary evaluation 134 studies excluded following preliminary gt A U t es evaluation Reasons for exclusion letters n 12 reviews n 44 commentary n 21 P 4 S44 M a a d e S therapeutic trial n 19 non randomised trial n 14 non diarrhoeal outcomes n 19 not suitable for inclusion n 5 6mois 712. Probiotiques dans les feces i NO Go I C O wd e e e e e e e e 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 i4 16 Short et al Chem Indus 1998 Ww Nutrition Nice Survie des probiotiques selon le vecteur 100 T ra M Capsule Capsule 90 E Yoghurt gt gt 80 v 2 2 a Q 70 S 5 8 60 CU S 2 2 50 E LO 3 S 40 O o 5 C 2 2 2 o 10 U 01 3 5 7 10 14 17 21 Follow up days Ww Nutrition Nice Confiance Pas des m dicaments gt Au moins 10 10 UFC Commercial probiotic yoghurts assayed in this study by conventional and molecular methods Product brand Microorganisms declared CFU g determined Detection by anda TR PCR DGGE Species specific PCR Kyr Giglio Reggio Emilia Italy L acidophilus 10 T Bifidobacterium spp 8 x 107 B lactis B lactis Activia Danone Milano Italy B bifidus 1 5 x 10 B lactis B lactis Biospega Spega Vicenza Italy L acidophilus 10 Bifidobacterium species 4 x 10 B lactis B lactis ABC Sitia YOMO Milano Italy L acidophilus 10 Bifidobacterium 1 x 10 B lactis B lactis L casei 10 Mio Nestl B lactis 1 3 x 10 Active pi Parmalat Parma Italy Bifidobacterium 54 x 10 B lactis B lactis Teddy Fattoria Scaldasole Latina Italy Bifidobacterium 2 5 x 10 B lactis B lactis detection of positive signal not detected Ld Nutrition Nice Concentration gar
3. 7 journ e inter CLAN du Limousin ENSIL 16 rue Atlantis 87280 Limoges Seo um oo uut CO Z Pr Probiotiques et pr biotiques quelles preuves en 2011 ee Pr St phane M Schneider ew Nutrition Pole Digestif H pital de l Archet Nutrition Nice Liens d int r t dans le domaine Danone Produits Laitiers Frais tude conf rences board Biocodex etude conf rences Synadiet rapport Ld Nutrition Nice L intestin m connu 100 millions de neurones Surface de 300 m u i Localisation intestin gr le et colon essentiellement Les niveaux de population bacterienne sont variables selon la localisation dans le tube digestif Duod num 101 103 ufc mL Colon 1011 1012 ufc mL Estomac 101 10 ufc mL J junum il on 104 107 ufc mL Nutrition Nice R les du microbiote gt R le nutritionnel Protection contre les micro organismes pathog nes gt Acquisition de la tol rance d veloppement et fonctions de l immunit digestive R les dans le d veloppement et les fonctions de l pith lium digestif Nutrition Nice Le microbiote intestinal Firmicutes 60 2 Verrucomicrobia Lentisphagr e Actinobacteria gt 1 0 1 Euryarchaeota 1 Fusobacteria Spirochaetes Cyanobacteria Bacteroidetes 1 0 a Proteobacteria Tm7phylum y Proteobacter1 TETE 5 P
4. Fong mies Saccharomyces boulardii Catheter central gt Abces h patique a Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG gt Endocardites a Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus casei Lactobacillus paracasei 0 05 0 4 Colonization infection 60000 L acidophilus helveticus Cc rhamnosus A C c O e Go no Number of cases n3 C2 P O O O O Number of probiotic doses prescribed in hospital 10000 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Luong et al Transplant Infectious Disease 201 0 Nutrition Nice oynbiotiques et pancr atite aigu severe gt gaus 641 logg10 bact ries wg y D gt amp g y a y xi wy 3 gt Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus casei gt Lactobacillus salivarius Lactococcus lactis Bifidobacterium bifidum gt Bifidobacterium lactis Amidon de mais maltodextrines Nutrition Nice Critere de jugement principal infections 30 Yo 25 20 m Placebo m Probiotique Nutrition Nice m Placebo m Probiotique P 0 05 tu 20 Nutrition Nice D rob ot CS Placebo RR 2 53 sss Cl 1 22 5 25 15 p 0 01 Z 10 log rank 5 test 5 Li U 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 O 80 90 Days from randomisation Numbers still at risk Probiotics 152 141 138 136 135 133 132 131 130 130 Placebo 144 141 139 13
5. 0 13 L plantarum 14 21 9 12 27 9 0 31 L reuteri 16 25 0 4 9 3 0 03 L rhamnosus 11 17 2 9 20 9 0 40 Lactococcus lactis 55 85 9 34 79 1 0 25 Bifidobacterium animalis 1 1 6 7 16 3 0 007 Nutrition Nice Antibioth rapie de 4 6 semaines Etude retrospective de 48 patients hospitalis s pour endocardite et 48 controles gt Antibiotherapie IV par amoxicilline gentamycine vancomycine gentamycine autres gt Evolution de l IMC entre M I et M 12 Groupe controle M I 23 4 4 M 12 0 2 0 2 p 0 38 0 ob ses Groupe antibiotiques M 1 25 3 5 M 12 1 1 0 5 p 0 02 5 obeses Thuny et al PLoS ONE 2010 Nutrition Nice Antibioth rapie de 4 6 semaines Gain d IMC 2 10 influence seulement par le traitement par vancomycine gentamycine OR 6 7 ICs o 3 7 33 0 p 0 02 p lt 0 0001 o o 80 60 40 20 of patients with increased BMI 210 o Control Other ATB Amox Vanco Role des lactobacilles Thuny et al PLoS ONE 2010 n Une meilleure efficacit de la renutrition Dans le groupe LC1 24 patients gt 0 ans Plus grande l vation de l albumin mie Nutrition ent rale 34 3 3 2 35 8 uev 2 5 vs 33 9 3 6 2 r gimes isoE et isoN 39 0 3 2 g L 900 kcal P 0 01 NE de 12 semaines Moins de jours avec L johnsonii La1 i
6. bifidobact ries E coli E faecium que de levures Saccharomyces boulardii Nutrition Nice Pr biotiques Ce sont des ingredients alimentaires de nature oligosaccharidique qui ne sont pas dig res dans l intestin gr le de l homme mais en revanche fermentes dans le colon gt Ils stimulent selectivement la croissance et ou l activit d un nombre limit de bact ries de la flore colique normale bact ries lactiques bifidobacteries et lactobacilles Les sources de pr biotiques Dans la nature ils sont presents dans certains vegetaux en tres faible quantite gt Ils sont produits industriellement par synth se sous l action d une enzyme de transfert partir du lactose et du saccharose Leur pouvoir edulcorant leur qualit gustative et leurs proprietes technologiques en font des produits int ressant dans l industrie agro alimentaire ex Japon Nutrition Nice Principaux pr biotiques Lactulose lactitol Fructo oligosaccharides FOS Irans Galacto saccharides gt gt gt Inuline gt Lactose gt Fibres alimentaires Nutrition Ni Effets physiologiques Effet osmotique Effets lies a leur fermentation et a ses produits Augmentation de la masse bact rienne Plus particuli rement croissance des bifidobact ries Augmentation de la production des AGCC butyrate etc Diminution du pH intraluminal Augmentation de la production des gaz intestinaux Nut
7. 0 88 15 1 McFarland E 0 18 to 1 18 12 1 Lewis 67 0 47105 89 3 5 Adamo l 22 0 10 to 0 48 29 9 Tankanow 0 88 0 22 to 3 52 3 9 Vanderhoof 0 23 0 09 to 0 56 21 2 Orrhage 0 58 0 07 to 4 56 2 2 Wunderlich 4 0 25 0 05 to 1 43 5 2 Gotz 0 34 0 09 to 1 38 7 0 Overall 0 37 0 26 to 0 52 0 01 Favours Favours treatment control D Souza et al Br Med J 2002 Ww Nutrition Nice Pr vention des infections post op ratoires ee Infections sous Infections ae Probiotique rm Condition ut probiotiques sous placebo Synbiotique 4 9 Rayes 2002 Greffe de foie L plantarum 299 4 31 13 1 32 34 0 017 fibre d avoine Rayes 2005 Greffe de foie Synbiotic 20009 1 33 3 17 33 51 0 001 Rayes 2007 DPC idem 5 40 12 16 40 40 0 005 Han 2009 Chirurgie idem 1 15 7 3 15 20 lt 0 05 digestive Sugawara 2006 Chirurgie biliaire L casei Shirota B 5 4 12 12 40 30 0 05 breve Yakult galactooligosaccha rides Rayes 2002 Chirurgie L plantarum 299 3 31 10 3 32 10 INS digestive oat fiber McNaught 2002 Chirurgie L plantarum 299 7 64 11 10 65 15 NS digestive Anderson 2004 Chirurgie L acidophilus La5 23 72 32 20 65 31 NS digestive B lactis Bb 12 S thermophilus L bulgaricus FOS Jain 2004 Chirurgie L acidophilus La5 33 45 73 26 45 58 NS digestive B lactis Bb 2 S thermophilus L bulgaricus FOS nutrition enterale fibres Nutrition Nice S curit gt
8. 1 0 29 0 65 t 0 59 0 94 0 24 0 96 0 57 0 93 1 0 36 1 33 0 62 1 09 0 34 0 67 0 52 0 83 t 0 41 0 81 0 18 0 68 0 31 0 94 0 61 1 04 0 45 0 86 0 61 0 91 0 36 0 74 Heterogeneity test F 95 CI 63 52 75 53 40 68 0 0 1 1 72 51 100 80 61 100 42 32 54 58 35 95 66 48 93 78 54 100 17 12 26 0 0 5 59 48 74 72 51 100 73 50 100 80 52 100 44 33 58 0 0 2 40 31 52 78 60 100 Nutrition Nice Traitement de la diarrh e aigu infectieuse 4 Y 23 tudes 1917 gt Lactobacillus casei participants gt Lactobacillus rhamnosus Gu rison de la diarrh e GG plus fr quente sous probiotiques 3 jours RR 0 67 IC 0 55 0 77 et 4 jours RR 0 36 ICs o 0 30 0 44 avec une r duction de la dur e de la diarrh e de 29 20 heures ICs o 25 14 33 25 gt Lactobacillus reuteri gt Enterococcus faecium SF68 Allen et al Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004 Nutrition Nice Syndrome de l intestin irritable 14 tudes randomis es contr l es 1274 patients inclus e e 6a 78 ans 2 If Ann I m afraid that your irritable bowel syndrome has progressed You now have furious and vindictive bowel syndrome First author Guyonnet 2007 France Gawronska A 2007 Poland Whorwell PJ 2006 UK Bausserman M 2005 USA Niv 2005 Israel Kajander K 2005 Finland Kim
9. 9 138 137 136 136 136 136 Ww Nutrition Nice Au total infections A Experimental Control Odds ratio Odds ratio Study or subgroup Events Total Events Total Weight 96 M H random 95 CI M H random 95 CI Olah 2002 5 22 20 23 17 9 0 04 0 01 0 21 A Karakan 2007 2 15 2 15 14 5 1 00 0 12 8 21 Ol h 2007 9 33 15 29 21 4 0 35 0 12 1 01 Qin 2008 11 36 29 38 21 6 0 14 0 05 0 38 Besselink 2008 46 152 41 144 24 6 1 09 0 66 1 80 Toatal 95 CI 258 249 100 0 0 30 0 09 1 02 gt Toatal events 73 107 Heterogeneity Tau 1 49 y 25 18 df 4 P lt 0 0001 7 84 Test for overall effect Z 1 93 P 0 05 0 01 0 1 1 10 100 Favours experimental Favours control Ld Nutrition Nice Malgr tout mortalit E Experimental Control Odds ratio Odds ratio Study or subgroup Events Total Events Total Weight 96 M H random 95 CI M H random 95 CI Ol h 2002 1 22 2 23 17 6 0 50 0 04 5 94 Olah 2007 2 33 6 29 24 9 0 25 0 05 1 34 Karakan 2007 2 15 4 15 22 9 0 42 0 06 2 77 Qin 2008 0 36 0 38 Not estimate Besselink 2008 24 152 9 144 34 6 2 81 1 26 6 28 E Toatal 9596 CI 258 249 100 0 0 73 0 18 2 98 Toatal events 29 21 Heterogeneity Tau 1 31 y 9 17 df 3 P 0 03 J 67 Test for overall effect Z 0 43 P 0 66 0 01 0 1 1 10 100 Favours experimental Favours control A Lipogenesis A Inflammation X Steatosis Insulin sensitivit
10. H Vazquez Roque M 2005 USA O Mahony L 2005 Ireland Saggioro A 2004 Italy Kim HJ Camilleri M 2003 USA Niedzielin K 2001 Poland Nobaek S 2000 Sweden O Sullivan MA 2000 Ireland Gade 1989 Denmark Number of participants age range l 274 20 65 37 6 16 362 19 69 All female 64 6 20 54 19 70 103 21 65 48 21 75 80 1873 Unclear 6 64 25 19 70 40 27 63 21 78 24 24 60 54 16 60 Diagnostic criteria Rome Constipation Predominant IBS Rome ll Rome ll Rome ll Rome ll Rome and Rome ll Rome ll Rome ll Rome II Rome Il Diarrhea predominant symptom Manning Rome Rome constipation and or diarrheoa abdominal pain meteorism borborygmus and flatulence Probiotics Activia Danone Combination containing Bifidobacterium animalis DN 1730101 1 25 x 10 cfu per pot together with S thermophilus and L bulgaricus 1 2 x 10 cfu per pot LGG Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG 3 x 10 cfu twice daily 3 different strengths treatments Bifidobacterium B infantis 35624 x 106 live bacterial cells B infantis 35624 x 108 live bacterial cells B infantis 35624 x 10 live bacterial cells Once daily capsule lactobacillus GG 1019 and Inulin was also present both in treatment and in placebo one capsule twice a day x 108 cfu of Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 four tablets to be taken for seven days fol
11. ans T udies retained for S boulardii 5 ww b L fr h amnosus G G 1 O 25 iem mee following detailed A g Reasons for exclusion non masked n 3 L acidophilus L bulgaricus 7 non randomised n 3 no placebo arm n 11 comparing probiotics n 4 data not suitable for inclusion n4 28 studies included for meta analysis Figure 1 Trial flow for masked randomised placebo controlled trials i qoe V l SEG X E e Nutr Overall effect Types of diarrhoea Antibiotic associated diarrhoea Travellers diarrhoea Others Age group Children Adult Probiotic strain Saccharomyces boulardii Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Lactobacillus acidophilus plus Lactobacillus bulgaricus Other single strain Other combination of strains Formulation Capsule tablet powder or granules C T P G Pre mixed with a food vehicle PFV Formulation and age group C T P G in children PFV in children C T P G in adults PFV in adults Assigned quality score s4 gt 4 Table 2 Results of the overall and subgroup analyses Number of trials 34 19 12 21 10 25 17 21 13 Effect size Risk ratio 0 65 0 48 0 92 0 66 0 43 0 74 0 48 0 72 0 70 0 83 0 48 0 66 0 57 0 35 0 54 0 80 0 62 0 74 0 52 x test of heterogeneity p 0 05 tPublication bias p lt 0 05 t Upper limit of 95 confidence interval rounded off to 1 9556 CI 0 55 0 78 t 0 35 0 65 0 80 1 06 0 47 0 92
12. antie Table 3 Overview of the log number of culturable Saccharomyces boulardii cells per g determined by plating at various time points after exposure to 0 1 mol I HCI and after storage for 3 months at 40 C and 75 relative humidity Log number of S boulardii CFU per g content of the capsule or sachet determined by plating average x standard error n 3 After exposure to 0 1 mol I7 HCI min After storage for 3 months u 15 30 60 90 120 Product Initially 40 C 7596 RH Antedia 8912003 7 96 013t 698z014t 634x013 572 0 10f 5 37 0 08t lt 2 19 Boulardi Sanifort 10 05 0 10 81942015 7 22 019f 5844014 467x012 36824039 216 Diaclo 9 08 0 15 7 562 022 6502013 594x014 545 017 5 05 0 13 2 19 Enteriphar 666x008 523z015t 5 04 0 11 4 56 0 31 3 90 0 38 3 39 0 17 1 86 Enterol capsules 9 97 0 04 9552z006t 903x009 86220021 825 005t 807 0 08 2 15 Enterol sachets 964 005 9 06 003 8632009t 7 99 0 23 7 29 0 25 6 59 0 28 1 72 Erc flora Supra 8862005 655 0 15f 6 24 0 19 5 95 0 17 2 00 GiSol 8172004 lt 2 82 t lt 2 82 f lt 2 82 f lt 2 82 lt 2 82 lt 2 07 Imutis 9 07 0 03 8 8 5 88 0 38 4 72 0 54 4 23 0 70 1 99 Omniflora Akut 8822006 518z011t 455z015t 4 16 0 03 366012 345x011 lt 2 19 Optibac 5 80 0 03 4 79 0 55 4 82 0 27 4 46 0 27 4 23 0 34 3 95 0 35 2 05 Sacchiflora 940 004 5072014 3822023 317 029f 314z027
13. ce 6 566 0 22 0 42 to 0 01 Urgency 3 394 0 08 0 3 to 0 14 SMD standardized mean difference other abbreviations defined 1n Glossary Probiotic event rate RRR NNT and CI calculated from data in article using a random effects model T Significant heterogeneity P 68 Possible publication bias Egger test 22 97 CI 5 54 to 0 41 Moayyedi et al Ann Intern Med 2010 Ld Nutrition Nice Probiotiques et MICI essais chez l Homme Essais ouverts Plusieurs essais randomis s contr l s Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 pr vention de rechute RCH 3 pr vention de rechute MC Saccharomyces boulardii diarrh e de MC pr vention de rechute MC VSL 3 pochite chronique refractaire prevention de rechute pochite prevention de rechute post op de MC co traitement des pouss es mod r es de RCH Lactobacillus acidophilus johnsonii LA1 Pas de prevention de rechute de MC Lactobacillus casei defensis Pas de pr vention de rechute de MC Diarrh e li e aux antibiotiques gt Fr quente 5 a 20 96 M canismes physiopathologiques Diminution des capacit s de fermentation de la flore digestive gt Emergence de bact ries pathog nes par diminution de effet de barri re Clostridium difficile Klebsiella oxytoca etc utrition Nice Nutrition Nice Diarrh e aux antibiotiques Study Odds ratio Odds ratio Weight 95 Cl Surawicz99 0 37 0 16 to
14. cus yoghourt thermophilus 4 Bifidobacterium infantis longum bifidum lactis brevis essensis Lactobacillus acidophilus casei Johnsonii plantarum reuterii rhamnosus GG Lactococcus lactis Propionibacterium freundenreichii Saccharomyces boulardii sont sp cifiques de la souche ex Bifidobacterium lactis DN 173 010 genre esp ce souche Ld Mode d emploi de 5 boulardu Toxins increase Luminal action water secretion 1 Anti toxinic effect against a C difficile toxins A and B 54 kDa protease Bacteria destroy tight b Cholera toxin 120 kDa protein c col LPS 63 kDa protein phosphatase 2 Antimicrobial activity junction invade mucosa a Preservation of tight junctions reser RR b Bacteria adhere to Sb Sb decreases invasion 3 Modulation of intestinal flora Viral infection 4 Metabolic activity Sb increases short chain fatty acids favors normal colonic destroys function mature enterocytes m Trophic action Decrease in disaccharidase 5 Enzymatic activity causes osmotic diarrhea a Polyamines favor enterocyte maturation b Increased disaccharidase levels beneficial in viral diarrhea Decrease in IgA 6 Increased sIgA levels increases immune defense in the gut Mucosal action antiinflammatory effect Inflammation 7 Acts on the cellular signals and decreases synthesis of inflammatory cytokines 1 C difficile toxin Cholera E 2a Tight junctio
15. lowed by a dose of 2 tablets per day until close of the study Combination Lactobacillusrhamnosus GG Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC 705 Bifidobacterium breve Bb 99 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp Shemanii JS 8 9 x 10 VSL 3 mixture of bacteria combination twice daily 450 billion viable lyophilized bacteria One packet twice a day Either B infantis 35624 Or L salivarlus UCC 4331 each delivered in a dose of x 10 10 Once Daily Combination L plantarum LPO plus one strain of B breve BRO 5 x 10 cfu ml once a day Combination Strain of L plantarum LPO plus a strain of L acidophilus LAO2 one strain of B breve BRO 5 x 10 cfu ml once a day Combination VSL 3 mixture of bacteria One packet twice a day Lactobacillus plantarum 299V 5 x 107 CFU ml twice a day 400 ml day of rose hip drink syrup deper 5 x 10 cfu ml of 2 nr DSM 9843 strain 299V and 0 009 g ml oat flour Lactobacillus GG x 10 cfu day two tablets twice a day Paraghurt freeze dried culture of Streptococcus faecium 4 tablets morning and evening Measured outcomes included Health related quality of life Bloating abdominal pain global digestive symptom Self reported abdominal pain Global assessment SGA of IBS symptoms Abdominal pain discomfort Bloating distension passage of gas Changes in abdominal pain severity abdominal pain quality of life Abdominal pain distension flatulence borborygmi Abdominal bl
16. n E 3 Intestinal flora 5 Immature enterocyte with virus toxin and co LPS E 5b Accumulation of s 6sIgA RS 6 Pathogens in the disaccharides in lumen absence of sIgA Nutrition Nice S lection de souches probiotiques Isolation de 93 souches de lactobacilles partir d chantillons de selles d enfants Identification de l auto agregabilite de la survie en milieu acide bile enzymes pancreatiques Sensibilit aux antibiotiques Activite h molytique Effets anti inflammatoire anti proliferatifs Administration a l animal gt Essais chez l homme Koll et al Curr Microbiol 2010 E Survie de L rhamnosus dans un modele dynamique de digestion 300 250 200 150 100 o li 0 i i i F17 H12 H25 N24 R61 D44 of recovery Strain Fig 2 Recovery expressed as difference between the percentage after and before digestion of L rhamnosus strains during simulated gastric and gastric plus duodenal digestion black bars gastric digestion white bars gastric plus duodenal digestion after 1 h grey bars gastric plus duodenal digestion after 2 h i m o J E a a p J B n y g e NS a U NSW Hl PR ea FF V Mm Fi I v FN fy imm Y AT ATM EN ZB li 4 Lt p j S I L AN 4 EB WE 01 u WwW we Alu f wel Su VIS D Cin tique d apparition dans les selles des bact ries probiotiques ing r es Probiotiques Probiotiques ing r s non ing r s A A HS
17. nfections Rien Pas de diff rence du microbiote Fukushima et al Br J Nutr 2007 MICI et FOS 103 patients avec MC active Pas d augmentation de la CDAI 285 concentration fecale de gt Randomisation entre bifidobacteries et F prau 15 g de FOS par jour s P 0 035 P 0 655 gt Placebo E Baseline N ul gt Dur e 4 semaines 4 weeks Sorties d tude FOS 26 Placebo 8 76 p 0 002 Reponse Remission gt FOS 22 2 11 FOS Placebo gt Placebo 39 20 p 0 07 0 2 N Intensity of IL 10 staining on DC Hp ul o ui o Benjamin et al G Nutrition Nice Conclusions gt Utilisation en devenir d remboursement de nombreux m dicaments Int r ts prouv s Pr vention diarrh e aigue pochite diarrh e en NE Int r t potentiel SII infections hospitalieres malnutrition gt Souche quantit et vecteur permettront de distinguer les mythes des r alit s
18. oating flatulence abdominal pain Abdominal pain or discomfort bloating or distension and bowel movement difficulty Quality of life assessment using an IBS specific questionnaire Pain score at different locations in RLQ and LLQ of the abdomen Overall symptom score abdominal pain bloating flatulence improvement in pain and flatulence Overall Gl function abdominal pain flatulence defecation Abdominal bloating pain bowel frequency abdominal pain meteorism borborygmus flatulence Length of treatment 6 weeks 4 weeks 4 weeks 6 weeks 6 months 6 months 8 weeks 8 weeks 4 weeks 8 weeks 4 weeks 4 weeks 20 week 4 weeks Composite LS Mean Symptom Score 8 0 7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 0 8 infantis 1 x10 IBS Composite Score n ik ndi ice dl 18 point scale B infantis 1 x 108 araa placebo ERE rs ar rro 111 p 0 041 p 0 062 p 0 013 end of treatment l 2 3 4 5 6 Whorwell et al Am J Gastroenterol 2006 Probiotiques et SII m ta analyse Probiotics vs placebo for the irritable bowel syndrome IBS in adults Outcomes Number of Weighted event rates RRR 95 CI NNT CI T trials 1 Probiotics Placebo Persistence of 10 918 46 69 29 12 to 43 5 3 to 13 symptoms SMD 95 Cl IBS symptoms 15 1351 0 34 0 60 to 0 07 Abdominal pain 10 834 0 51 0 91 to 0 09 Bloating 8 682 0 54 1 10 to 0 02 Flatulen
19. rition Nice Quels probiotiques gt M dicaments gt Non rembours s SS Bacilor L rhamnosus Lact ol L acidophilus Lyo bifidus Bacillus bifidus Ultralevure Saccharomyces boulardii gt Compl ments alimentaires Bion 3 Probiolog Lactibiane gt Aliments suppl ment s gt Actimel Activia Yoptimal Yakult LC 1 Nutrition Nice Probiotiques alimentaires naturels gt Aliments base de lait K fir Lactobacillus acidophilus Yaourt L delbrueckii ssp bulgaricus Streptococcus thermophilus Fromage et beurre L lactis lactis L lactis cremoris moisissures enterococci Fermentation gt Pain Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vin biere gt Vinaigre choucroute Acetobacter L plantarum y Nutrition Nice Caract ristiques d un bon probiotique Etre non toxique Ne pas etre degrade par la digestion acidite gastrique bile Survivre mais ne pas persister Ne pas etre sensible aux antibiotiques Avoir un benefice clinique Nutrition Nice Le probiotique universel Propri t s port es par tous les membres de l espece gt Action ubiquitaire dans le tube digestif gt Action prolong e gt A concentration gara Cf ecteur gt Efficace dans toutes at des VM Nutrition Nice Diff rents types de ferments Enterococcus faecium SF68 Genre Esp ce v Lactobacillus bulgaricus EB Streptococ
20. roteobacteria e Proteobacteria THI Z Fa ME ARTICLE Nature May 2011 doi 10 1038 nature09944 Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome Manimozhiyan Arumugam Jeroen Raes Eric Pelletier Denis Le Paslier Takuji Yamada Daniel R Mende Gabriel R Fernandes Julien Tap Thomas Bruls Jean Michel Batto Marcelo Bertalan Natalia Borruel Francesc Casellas Leyden Fernandez Laurent Gautier Torben Hansen Masahira Hattori Tetsuya Hayashi Michiel KleerebezemP Ken Kurokawa Marion Leclerc Florence Levenez Chaysavanh Manichanh H Bjorn Nielsen Trine Nielsen Nicolas Pons Julie Poulain J unjie in Thomas Sicheritz Ponten Sebastian Tims David Torrents Edgardo Ugarte Erwin G ZoetendalP Jun Wang 9 Francisco Guarner Oluf Pedersen 72 3 Willem M de Vos 4 Soren Brunak Joel Dor MetaHIT Consortiumrt Jean Weissenbach S Dusko Ehrlich amp Peer Bork Danes n 85 lumina Europeans Americans Asians n 33 Sanger US n 154 454 d Bacteroides enterotype enterotype enterotype SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME Nutrition Nice Probiotiques Les probiotiques sont des microorganismes vivants qui lorsqu ils sont ing r s en quantit suffisante exercent un effet positif sur la sant au del des effets nutritionnels traditionnels I s agit aussi bien de bact ries divers lactobacilles et
21. y Dietary lipids nondigestible carbohydrates Lipogenic substrates i MP A LPL activity d 7 Inflammation Macrophages infiltration 4 SCFA a FIAF NETT ad i L gt Y LPL acti vity X Inflammation Insulin sensitivity Macrophages pa Gram e 0 bacteria Chylomicron Qmco11 S TLRA LPS Intestinal lumen Blood Organs BRITISH 50 POULTRY SCIENCE Khan et al Br Poult Sci 2007 Microbiote humain selon tat nutritionnel O Anorexic lt 5 0x10 4 0x10 E 3 c amp 3 0x10 o o 2 0101 1 0101 ig 0 Obese Lean 15 10 o s gt a D 1 0 40 E a 30 o Z c B gt 10 Lactobacillus copy number 9 5 040 E CT lt 10 Lactobacillus copy number 5 3 E L 0 0 e o m 2 E 20 20 9 E Lean Obese Anorexic Ld Nutrition Nice Pas toutes les bact ries lactiques Obese n 68 Controls n 44 P value L paracasei 10 14 7 17 38 696 0 004 L plantarum 0 0 8 18 2 0 0004 C L reuteri 6 8 896 1 2 396 0 16 U tu re L rhamnosus 3 4 4 4 9 1 0 27 L ruminis 3 4 496 4 9 196 0 27 L salivarius 5 7 496 2 4 596 0 43 Obese n 64 Controls n 43 P Presence of targeted taxa L acidophilus 0 0 0 0 L casei paracasei 24 37 596 24 55 896 0 047 L fermentum 11 17 296 9 20 996 0 40 Q PC R L gasseri 21 32 8 9 20 9
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