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K O TO実験に用いる荷電粒子Veto検出器の開発

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1. DU I U 0 0 D 0 DD D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 D D D D D MPPC 11121441 1 SHE HI LLL LL LL NO LLL LL LT LA run D D 0 300 000 LEDp0g000 0000000000 MPPCL gain DD D 0 gain U 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 0 0 D D D D D 0 0 MPPCOOOOOODODOODOODOOOU 00 6 90 6 10 Hati o E e E EZ LI EET ET aei LH 000000000 6900000 MPPCO gain DD DD 620000000000000 000000 61000 6 20000000000000000 215 q 01000000000 0000000000000 6100000000000 00000000000 11010000 U U D D D 0 0 D 0 0 D D D D 0 D D 0 0 D D D MPPC 7 0 On D 00 601101011011 00000000 6 3 uniformity U D D 0 D D 0 0 D D 0 0 D D 0 D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 D D D D CND configuration UU 6 7 U U D 0 D 0 D D D D D D D D 1mx7emOoO00 2 6mm U D D D 0 D 0 D D D D D Tem I L 000000 timmQ 0000 700000000000000 lmm 0 Y11 200MS 0 0 O U 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 26cm D 101000 MPPCT HU 125cm 0 0000 MPPCO000000000000 6700000000 0 uniformity 000 y 00 000 gt 0 00 000 100y D 000 x0 0101011 H TO OO Ta ndi tem lem Bo Ho Boi B TB H 6 000000 CVODODO 84 O CI 000 000 6 3 uniformity 85 2bcm 100cm 125cm E VIFL I Fig 6 7 000000000000 configuration distribution of humidity humidity 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 passage of time h Fig 6 8 0 0 000
2. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00000 0000 CY DD 00 0 0 0 0 gain 01000 26um D D D D D D D D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 U lmm 0 0 500000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000 lmn 0 D 0 0 0 0 D D 38 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC MEER 29 x29um 50x50um 100x100um guum 1600 00000005 am o Table 41 1mmx Imm MPPCp 000000 25 On D 00 DD D 000000000 200000 m Box sam T00x100pm TOODI 14400 360 90 Table 4 2 3mmx 3mm MPPCp 000000 25 OO D 00 DD D 000000000 200000 1 3mm MPPCII UBBTHEUEHLDLL Fig 46 000000000 MPPC 0444000000 smm 0000 MPPCT U U U U 0 U U U U U U U Ou 3 CI CI O LI 0000000 U 0 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D UD D U D U U UD U UD U OLD D 0 D 0 D D D 0 0 3mm U U 0 U D D D 0 16 zm 20 0 0 0 0 D D D 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 0 LNL 000000 504m0 0 MPPCOO T2KO 000000000 13mm 0 MPPCO 0 0 U 0460000 MPPC0000000 30000000000000000 00 00 50 000000000 13mm 0 3mm00 MPPCODODODODODDOO CY DD DDD D D 0 0 0 DDD 0 D D 0 0 0 0 DD D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D DD D 0 0 0 00000000000 000 0 135mm000000000 800000000000 MPPC 10000000000000000 ganging 0 00 0 0000 0 4 0000 3mm U 0000 78000000000 MPPCODODODODODODO OO 2000 APDO0000000000000000U0000O0 ginHHUHUHULU 2 mnm 0
3. cet0 00000 80 Cal D hit00 270 K 000000000000 23 UUU 000000000000 K TO000000000000000 2 31 ClANONOTI 0 230 CI000000000000000000000000 0 E391a H 0 00 7cmx7cm x 30cm y Cat QO OOO0000000000 K TOORD 2 6cm x2 5emx50 cm 5cmx5cmx50ca 2000 Cat T ID Cal DU 0 00000000000 Kev d d d d d Cal I 2 5emx2 5emx50 cm JOO 2240 000000 Semx5emx50em O OO 476 0000000000 Cat E89aQ 0000000000000 K TOQ OOO D E39140000000000000000000000000000 U U D 00 D DI UI U DD UD U 0 D 00 U DUD U 0 D U 0 D 00 U 0 UD U 0 D 00 UD 00 U DD U 8 KTODO 7771777777777777777 77777777777777777777777774474 Eid LL t T iz iri hil izi 1 9m Fig 23 K TOQOOO0000 Cat Cel D D OOO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 020 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 L U U UD U U D U U D U U D U U D U U D 0 0 D 0 0 D U U D U U D U 0 D U U UD U U U 0 DEC EI U 00000 Fla 000 lt 0 0 D U DU DD 0 D UD D D 0 0 DUD U 0 0 DU UD 70000000 00000000000000000000 6000000 200 7000000000 n Z U U DD D 0 DDD 0000 00 D 0 0 0 0 DD 00 D D D D 0 D D 00 0 D D CsI U Veto 0010000000 2 3 2 Barrel Photon Veto Barrel Photon Veto 700000000000 000000 O O O Barrel Photon 0000000000 Front Barre FB 0 0000000 Main Barre MB 0000000FBO00000
4. FREE gaussian filter 10pole H HO U D U gaussian ike 00000000 125MHz flash ADCODODODO 500MHz flash ADC EH DERE 33 HON 000000000 Kaiia 0 000 CY DDD 00 D 00 DDD 0 0 DD 0 0 DDD 0 D 0 ug XOTODOOO U U DD 0 D D 0 D 00 D 0 D D D D D 0 DU 3380000000000 00000000000 P A A E E EN E 15 LO DO ODO DO DD ODO DO DD G Le kpe e S abp 30 CATHODE RADIANT SENSITIVITY mA W QUANTUM EFFICIENCY 94 3 0000 Veto C tem 21 imm nmm N 88179 E AIFP ZIJL Ta 25 C B Ru FS 5 LO PANY 510362 11 025U Ka PHOTON DETECTION EFFICIENCY 96 WAVELENGTH nm WAVELENGTH rim Fig 318 E391a00000000 PMT OO 0 MPPC O 0 010000 300 Y MPPCHULHLU V UUU 31 10mm 20cm 18cm 20cm 18cm Fig 3 19 D D D D D 0 0 D D D 0 configuration UU 3mm 0000000000 1 1mm HOU Lem U U U U U 0 0700000000000 0000000 000000000000 aH dU WEH EU UU DD 32 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPO 00000000000 Pixelated Photon De tector PPD 0000000 DDD D Avalanche Photo Diode APD f D D H E B U LU D 0 0000000000000000000000 APDO gogo 000000000000 0 MPPCg0 0000000 11271 D D D D D D high gain
5. M AZA 38D 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 WAVELENGTH nm Fig 53 000 EJ2040O 00 0000000000 EJ2040 000000000 380nm 50001 0 144212 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 Y 000 H EJ 212 EMISSION SPECTRUM anc ntillati ants Light Output pra L er Scintillation Efficiency photons Mee 1 00 Wavelength of Max Emission nm Rise Time NS nn E Decay Tex ns AAA 2 4 Pulse Width FWHM ns inn T No of H Atoms per cm x 107 5 17 No of C Atoms per cm x 107 AER No of Electrons per em x 107 3 33 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 Density g cc nus ta WAVELENGTH nm Fig 54 O00 E3212pp00g000000000 E32200000000 D D 400mm 220nm OO D D BE D 0 LU U U UD 0 UD 0 U 00 U 0 D 0 U 00 0 U UD 0 UD 0 0 U U D 0 U 0 U 0 0 D 0 U 0 0 U 52 1 0000000000000 U U UD DD D 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 D D D D D D 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 D D D D D D 0 0 0 D 0 U D 0 55010000000000000000000000000000000000 5500 00000000 57B000 0000000000000 0000 01262 0 00 0000000 5 0 000 0020 0 D 0 00000 000000000000 y 00 GeVy 0000000 6 0000000 yO d DDD D DO DO 00D 000000000000 LU U UD D UD D UNUNU ODO OD ODO DO 00 D U U L 000000000000000000000 0 00 2001 s40Mev ep 0 00000000000 000000000000000000000000 60Mev ep D 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 U DU U DD D 0 0 0 000 0 0 D D D D D D D 0 0 0 00 U
6. 0 0 DU DDD 00 00 0 0 D DD DD DD DD 0 0 0 00 D 0 D 0 D D D 0 0 200mmx100mmx3mm0 OOO 1 1mm O llom 00 800000000000 Y 11 48 5 000000 CY DUD U PIRRE 9928 STBUZZ m crur NKS2 4 STB Tagger ll T M RTAGX KSI FOREST Ne a GeV BR B se SE Fig 55 00000000000000000000000 Gevy00000000 0000000000000 13mmg MPPCO0000000 0000000 MPPC H GOMIQOO00 29 0000000000 0 00000000 TSF4510 000000 10000000000000000000000 sa U U 0000000000000080 0000 0 5 00 MPPCOOOO ganging0 00000000000000000000U00 00000000 000000 ganging0 0 4000 470000000 MPPCUDHULE 000000000000000000000000000 MPPCOD 00000 KIKUSUI PAN110 1 5A 0 0000 MPPCOOOOOO AV 1 3V OOO O 0 MPPC0000000000000000 NIMOOOOOOOUOD TEKY 0351 1000 O O 0000000000 200000 MPPG D D 0 0 0 0 D 0000000000 3mmg D 000000000000000000 0 000 000000000000000000 580000000000000000000 0000 0 3000000000000000000000 000 00 00 0000000000000 00000000000000000 00 DDD 00 020 DDD DD 0 000000000000 000000000000 1050000000000000000000000010 2000 12000000000000000 0 swm 00000000000 1 3mm 1 AE C C C MPPCHHHHHDUL 1424 0 0 0 D D 0 00000 D DD 00 D 0 U H H o CO Co LE CO Co o CO CO CO Co CoO 52 DOOOODODO A Vi V M 1 9 3 3 MPPC MPPC MPPC MPPC MPPC T umm 7 MPPC Fig 57 U DU DD DD DO DD D D D D D D D D D D D D D 0 D D 0 D D D D D D D 0 0 U omm U D lcmx1cm D
7. 7 000000000000 CY UU U U U L darkcount rate kHz 8 9 threshold p e U D D D D 0 0 D 0 D 0 D D D D D D 0 0 D 0 MPPG darkcount loss darkcount loss 0 2 4 6 8 10 threshold p e Fig 72 DU DDD DUD DD U UD 0 U 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 D accidental O00 99 o OU 00000 evo 00000 3000000000000000 00 0 00 00 O DO DO 00 000000 00000000000 00000000 00000000000000 0000 0 000 0000 D 0 D 0 0 I00keV L L D 000 00 00 0000 00 100keV energy deposit 3photo electron H DO E H B E 0000 E E Hl sa 0000 000 0 00 000 00 0 0 000 0000 40000000 00000000000 MPPC000000000000000000 MPPCHHHLHHEHLE 500000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0000 000000000000000 0 0 0 00 99 He TI T Tp S E E HT ENE HE 01000 00000000000000000000000 D D D D 3 7photo electron 100keV 000004 7000000000000000000000000000000000000 0615 00000000000000000000000000000000 7000 CV 0 8ns 1 0000000000 accidental 110 U D 1065 D D U LU DU UD DD D 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 UD D D D D D D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 UD D D D D D D 0 0 0 00 U 0000000 x 0pg0 0000000 v 000000000000000000000 EE EZ 1 DH BLU D EL D U D DUH 2 0000000000 3 self kill E U U U D DD 0 BO DO OD 0 D 0 00000000 26mm 0000000000 Immo U U UD DD 0 OD D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D UD D 00000 lmm 0 0 0 0000 0 D 0 U NL BO DD ODO DD O DD OO aH EE H B B Bi
8. 91 92 CNL RUNOS timing resolution of signali timing resolution of signal 1 25 AS E E 1 2 6 000000 CVODODO CVL LED RUN of event of event i x ind 16771122 i Constant 388 6 2 8 Mean 1042 14 Fig 6 16 ADCODO mip D D gaussian fitt 00 LED Rung ADC I TI pedestal 0 O 1photo electron HH DH D gaussian fit O timi P Em 107 510 ndi 17 16 13 Z 9 2 e i 4 225 0 09757 i amp 7 amp At Sr o i 2 o E 5 94 a 4 5 3 200 400 600 800 1000 5 gt position of x at beam center mm 200 400 600 800 1000 position of x at beam center mm Fig 6 17 y 00 x0 00 san U U U 0 D D 0 D 0 U D D 0 0 D 00000000000 A a 100ke VH 0 D D 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 0 D 0 D D 0 0 0 000000000000 00 2 55S1mmliHHHEHEHHHUEUHHHHBHHHHHUHHHHHHEHHHEHUEHULU 64 OH timing resolution of signal2 timing resolution of signali 4 05 X 1 2 E a E E 4 81 15 Zong E 1 05 0 85 600 3040 100 position of x at beam center mm S 10 2 mdf 10 92 12 9 e q 4 447 0 1064 7 E E o 5 5 400 600 800 1000 position of x at beam center mm 40
9. E ar r Meyond SM Prediciion 4 ba i NET E 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 year Fig 1 3 K nr OO 0000002109000 K TOOOOOODO 00000000000 0 70 12 K K U U DD 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D D D D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 D D DD 1300 0000 000000000000000000000 70000000000 U Grossman Nir limiti D 0 0 D D D 0 0 D D D D 0 0 DL 00000000000000004 700000000000000 E391an 0000000 000 1 3 391 O 0 0 0 0 0000 0 2262 000000000 KEK PS D D 0 D 0 D 0 D 20040 2000 20050 12000 300000000000000 6607 Movable frame Fig 14 E391a B HH B 00 K o K TOOOOOOOOOOO 00000000000 000000000000000 18175 00 000000000000000000000000000000000 400000000 K U U U U 0 D 0 U 00 0 0 D U D 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 0 UD t U U U DU 0 0 0 D D 0 0 D UD U U os 0 0 D U 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 L 000 391a000000000 14000000 K gt 7 v00000 000000 y 00 Cal D D D D 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 DD 00 0 0 0 0 DD DD DD U 0 70000000 veto U U 00000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000 200000000000 00000000 10 P20000000000000000 E391a000 K gt zz D U U U 0 00 0 U U D U 00 U D D UD 00 0 0 U UD U 0 0
10. 0000 KYTOD D D 0 D 00000 000 U U U U U 00 D 00 DU JUSOUUUULULULUL U U U U U 0 U 0 0 U U 00 UD 00 UD 0 U 00 UU 20101 10 280 Abstract K TOOOO J PARCOOOOOOO0000000000000 000000 HUUHHEHUHHHUHHHHHEHUHUHEHEH CPOOOOOOOOOU 0000 70 2080000000000 0000000 000000000 0000000000 000000000000000000 00000000 000000000000 25x 1074 LU U U U DO DO DD 0 0 UD DO 0 U 0 0 D DO 0 U ODO 0 D U UD 0 DO DO 0 U 00 0 0 U K TOD000000000000 K gt 7 7000 7000 2800008000000 0 CIQOOO00000000000 000000000000 2700 0000000 0000000000000000000000000000 200000 0000000 ODO DD 000000 vetolllill tT HTHLHELEHLELEHU LHLR 0 000000000000000000000 signal D 00000 0 00000 Cal DD 0 0 0 DDD 00000000000 DOU 0 0 0 00 0 0060 00 0 0000000 000000000 EIERE Kree 00040101 ae 00000000 Cal D 2 0000000000000000 0 0 00 U Cel D D D D 0 VetoD0O00000000000000000000000000000000 veto U U UD 0 U D 0 0 D DO DO dd 0 D 0 0 D U U voto U 0 U 0 0 D ul D U UD 0 0 UD 0 0 U accidental loss 0660600000000 CY 0 0 0 D D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 DD D 0 0 0 D 0 DL 00000000000000000 CY DDD DD 0 0 0 CVII 0 020 3mm LLL uu L N N B 2400040000 U 0 0 DD D D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D D 0 D D D D D D 0 0 0 0 XPC 0000000000000 DU D 0 MECC D D D 0 0 D D D D D D D 440nmH 5 40 4 000000000 PMT00000000 11000000 0000000000 00000000000 00000
11. 000000000000000000000 7 0000000000 event Cat D 0 0 D D 00 DD 0 D D 0 0 event O O UD DDD 00000000000000 0 100kkV000000000000 U U D 0 D 0 0 0 000000000 inefficiency function 00000000 PSED D D U LU U U U 0 0 U U 0 DO 0 0 U 0 U U U 0 0 D 0 0 UD 0 d B U U U UD 00 UD 0 0 UD 0 LLL U U D D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 0 D 0 D 0 D D ineficiency D D D D 0 D C D D 0 D 0 D D D 0 D D DODODODODO 7 H dead material D D D D 0 0 D D C 0 D D D CE D CE DE D photo electron 0 D D 0 00 0 0 3 1010 DD 0 D CY 0 U 100keV energy deposit O O O 3photo electron I ED H HH HH B E HH E B E EE E HI L U U U 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 timing window 3320000000000000 0 0 timing window 00000000000 K gt arta VOODOO 7000 270 ig0000007 00000 time of fight 0 RE veto 0 0 0 ELO B D D UD D UD UD U COLO 0 EE CELO D BEBE 0 D D D 0 D D D LI ODO DO A D DB D 0 D U D D D 000 D U D 0 D UD 00 D 0 D D U 00 00 D U D 0 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000 2000 gausin D 0 D 0 D 0 010 0 D 0 D 000000 0 O timing window 00 CVO veto 000000 3 8000000000000 10 90000 timing vindow 00000000000000000000000000000 timing window 000000000001 00000000000000000000 U DU D D DO DO D D OD 0 0 0 D DDD D DD lng UD D D D 0 0 0 00000 3120000 U 00 D 0000000 010 CY DU00000000 0 D 0 0
12. D DU U U D 00 UD EE DE U D C DD D D CC U D D U 0 U CL 0 U D UD 00 U DUD U 0 D U 0 D 0 D D LI 0000000 CY DU 000000 0 00 0 00 D 0 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 U U U U D U U U 0 U 0 U U U 0 0 U 0 00 front CVI D 0 D D UD U UD U U 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 0 0 0 K gt re v000000t0 z D re cevgpoo0g00000000000000 rear CV D vetoD 00000000 K gt 7 e v000000000000 rear CVH CsID 0000000 301000000 Cat X gt e pgo0000000 U U U D 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 0 ront CY 00000 2880000000000 0000000000000 10 CVO 100kkV0000000000000000000000 CVOOOOODOOD KOTO 10000000000000000 sl 0000000000 3100000000000 LU U 0000000 0 0 0 U U D D UD UD U E 0 DD 00 0 0 0 0 U U U D UD UD U 000000 0 tL 12 0 LU U U U 0 D D UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 D 0 0 0 0 D 100keV 0 0 U 0 D 0 UD 0 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 U U U 0 0 0 U 0 OO DO 0 0 0 0 UD UD 0000 10ke p 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0000 U 0 0 U LU U 0000000 0 0 0 U U D D U UD U E 00000 0 0 0 0 U U U D UD UD U 000000 0 20 3 0000 VetoH CV 2 0 000000 00 14101 L 41 sensitivity 2x10 77 charged BG negligible O 107 0 21 CV 1 BG 0 19 0 13 0 16 CV BG 0 07 Table 3 1 E39laQ 000000 K TODODO sima000000000000000 ESET E EET Tel EH EH E EEL ENE Hu 99 lll OO CVO veto U D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 U CsiH hit 0 U 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 U timing window D D D 1 0 00 D 0 energy deposit D 00 hit D 001010 0000000 0000
13. gt R R R de MPPC pix ted photon detector Fig 5 30 MPPC0O000000000000000000000 MPPC pr 57 DOOOODODO DH RR 7 gt Fig 531 MPPCO000000000000000000000000000 000000 0000000000000 MPPCODODODODODOO 1 51mm 00000000000 0 0 0 049mm 0 000000 MPPCOOODOOOOOOODODOOOU U U D 0 DO DD DD D D 0 D 0 DUD D 5 3200 5 580 H 0 D 0 D DD D D D OE D 7E D OE DE UT U U D 0 00 sama D UD 0 D 0 D 0 D D 0 D DO D D D 0 D D 0 D 0 D D D D DD 0 0 D 0 UH U 0 D D 0 05mm 000000 MPPCODODODODOO 151mmHH MPPCO 0000000000 08 0070000000 MPPCOOOOOO0 0300 0 0 1mm 0 MPPCUHHHHHHHHHELHEULL 062 0120000000000 0000000000000 MPPOA 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 0 D D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 DD 00 0 00000000 CCD D 00 DDD DDD CCD D DD KEYENCE CV c1 2 3 CcD0000000 8 8x6 6 00 000000 evi00 D 0 000000000000 Cv L50 0 000 50mm O 000000 534000000000000000000 U 0 0 D 0 DD D D 0 0 D D 0 D 0 0 0 0000000 U U D 0 D DD D DO D D D D UD D UD D 0 D 0 D D U 1mm 0 0 0 D 0 D D D UD D 0 0 5 3500 0000 s90O 0000000000000000 1162000 300000000000000 0000000000000 CY DUD 00 DDD 0 0 D 0 0 D D D 0 D D 0 0 0 D 00 D 1160 U 11680 000000000 gt 00000000 57 1 UU DD DD DD DD DUD 00 U 500000000000 3mmH MPPOC DD 0 D D 0 0 D 0 D D 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 D D 0 MPPOCO 0 D 0 0 D MEC DD 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D D 0 D 0 D 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 l U U 0 D 0 0 D D D D D D D D D D D 0 206 0 0 D D 0 D D D 0 D D 0 0000000000 pn
14. 0 O is 00000000000000 2009 19 00 000000000000 2008 20 Y Tajima J K Ahn Y Akune Y Aruga M Doroshenko Y B Hsiung A lijima Y Ikemoto T Inagaki S Ishibashi N Ishihara H Ishii M Itaya M Iwai T Iwata Kobayashi S Komatsu T K Komatsubara A S Kurilin H S Lee et al Barrel photon detector of the KEK K r vvexperiment Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment Volume 592 Issue 3 21 July 2008 Pages 261 272
15. 000 040 cc0660 000000 2 3 4 veto Og veto Barrel Charged Veto BCV J Charged Veto CV Liner Charged Veto LCV g 3000000000000000000 07 LU U 0000000 0 0 0 U U DU D U UD U E 00000 0 0 0 0 U U U D UD UD U 000000 0 tL UHHRHHHHHHEHLHBCVH MDB D 0 0 0 D 0 0 03 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 D 0 OO BCY 00000 Es9dap gd gg 00 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 U 0 U U U U U 000 0 0 0 0 U CV DD D 000 30000000 10 KTODO Pb convertor Fig 2 5 BHPVOOODO 2 3 5 Beam hole veto xk TO000000000000000 K00000000 0 000000000 0 0 yU veto 00 U U DD D Beam Hole Photon Veto BHPV LH veto U Beam Hole Charged Veto BHCV D D DD DD 00 0 DDD 0000000000 LU D D D 0 D 0000 D D D D 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 0 D Lc U U 250000000000000 20000 BHPVOUUUU y 000000 LU D U DD O 0 0 0 000 00 0 UD D D D D D D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 UD D D D D D D 0 0 0 00 U U 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 DU 000000000 7000000000000000000000 BHCY 2 6 0000 BHCY D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 D 0 UD 0 D 0 UD 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 0 000 BHCY 0 OOO 0 0 0 000 00 OD 000 0 0 0200 D 0 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 0 D 0 D 0 U U U U 0 OOO DO DO ODO 0 0 D 0 D 0 PXT D D D D D D D D 0 0 0 0 D D D D D 0 0 0 U 0000000000000000000 0 o 24 JUDI HU D LI l k T0010000000000000000000000000000000000100 k 00000000000000000000000000000
16. 3 D input chargefili 8 40 input charge pC MEH HUB 0 HLUHULHEEEHEUHLEH HEUHLULHEHHULHLU 000 5 23000 00000000 6600 0 0 00 0 00 0 0060 0 0 00 0 000 H D un 0000 0000 ft00000000 5 8 Gnl aaa pu 000 0 222 466 1 49 31 E 1200 z E x 63 45 6 E Do im 5 600 400 200 25 30 35 38 30 38 input pulse height mV input pulse height mv Fig 5 22 D U D 0 D 0 D D D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 0 D 0 DU D D D 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 D D D 0 H HUH EE HIR H LET EE EE EE HNH EDI RH 1104 aE gier E ME 62 5 000000 CY DUD U og pee LT JUL 00000001 0000000 Table 5 7 0000000 000000000 15mV00000 140000000000000000000000 DO 1000mVHHHHEHHHHHEHHHHHUHHHHHLURDH 493100000 ei 0000000000000 AR D UD D D DD 00000000000 U U 0 DD DD DD 0 D 0 D D 0000000 1350124Yppo080000000000000 1000000000 57000000000 0000000000000 000 0 000 0000 LU U U D U 5 6 0 0 0000 0 56 1 000000080 0 00000000 OOO MPPC000000000 000 0 D dead channel D 00000000000 0 000000 tr 00000000000 0 000000 00000000000000000 0000000000000 0000000 OO 524000000 MPPOHHULHUL 000000 03mmQ 0000 S mm HB Bi Ty yl TT TT 0
17. 5 1 10000 100kkV000000000000000000 mip peak energy deposit LL D D D D D D D D D L 49887 0 5633 RMS 0 1762 x ndf 619 6 597 Constant 1787 12 5 MPV 0 4705 0 0003 Sigma 0 02816 0 00016 d da e ni EE 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 1 1 2 1 4 1 6 1 8 2 Fig 5 12 00000000 0 0 3mm U U D U U U D energy depositi O OU 300MeV c 00000 event 0 O 0000000000000000000000000000000000 CVO 00000 9 4 0 00000000000 0 0 00 00000000 1 0000010 OE AAA E AAA E 000000000000000 000000000 000000000000000 99 0 00000000 53 Tek ESA ALLL FAR mG 5 00mv lt M 40 0175 Al Chi X 11 7mV 26 Aug 2009 u 28 80 11 10 35 Fig 5 13 QO 20 AV 1 3V 0 0 UNI T TKY03510 MPPC 1photo electron 50 01000000 1000 mv 000 1000 4005 00 00000 e 00000000000 12210 ABC og 000000000 00000000000000 ADCHDUDUDU photo electron 20000000 00000000 0 0 pedestal H 1photo electron 0 0000 0 0 2000 00000 2bt0000 10000 0 23p D 0 D 0 D 0 2000000 5CO0000000 00000 APD0O000000000000 01 01 DDD 0 D D 000 000 OO D U D 0 D UD 00 D D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D UD 00 D D 0 0 0 D 0 D D 00 0 D 0 Lt AV 13V 0000000000000 gain 000 0 0 000 DD 0 D 0000 D AV 1V D gain 55pC0000000000 500000000000 5 130 NIM
18. K gt 0 2702 0 0007 K 37 0 1956 0 0014 KH gt ata a 0 1256 0 0005 K gt nia 1 97 0 008 x 107 K gt 27 8 69 0 04 x 1071 K9 2 5 48 0 05 x 1074 K 7 vv 2 49 0 39 x 10711 Table 2 1 K OODOOOOOO 0000000001000000000000000000 signalH 0000 0000 0000000000 20000000000000000000000000000 0000 U U UD veto 0 0001001000100 2000000000020000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000k Togo0o00000000 0000000 2700000000000 KLOOODOJ PARC 30GeVv 000000000 100000000000000 NODODO Fig 289 00000000000000000 0000000000000 1400000000000 0 0 00 photon absorber D O O BHI 2758905 T SE EE LN E ETE DES T m uu aa mu U U U D 0 0 0 0 D 0 U D 0 U U D UUU sweeping magnet D 0 0 0 0 D 0 UD DU l U U D D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D D D D 20000000000 338000000 0700000060 OO spill 000000000000 8astr 01000000 25000000 13 POLO E 8 nm ma mp BI as H AT ch I d fe J S F RRR ja A A o a 3 T m ja rar 7 t e im E Bra L A on mk r ap oE f Sa V Mi Y 3 E a i y d I Beam plug A i L Hn EL ist collimator A i m d 1 Sweeping magnet ni E Fig 27 KZ000000000000000000000000000016000000000000 Rotating Disk Target Fig 28 TL DU 000 D NU U LU U U 00 00 53 9mm 0000000 000000000000000
19. O photon counting thi OOO DDD DDD OOOO DDD 14 LU U U UD D D D D D D D 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 1pe 000000000 KHZD 1MHzZO D 0 0 Hip 2 T nda a EHE TD ana MEP OTO DOD EET ET HE HEEL 000000 41 MPPCODODO O 0 410 MPPCODOOOOO APDUIHHHHEHHHEHHHHHU P on N AB ao a OO BO BDO O ADD Do 000000000 OOO BDO DD OD DO DD OD DO DO DD OD DO DO ODO DO DDD DDD CE CIE LI U 0 0 0 D 000000000000 000000000 41 22 0000000000000 000000 OO 20 pev D D 10 0 00000 PMT DDD 0000000000000 0 0 000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000 00000000000000000000000000000072000000000 0000 0000 1400000000 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 10000000 DADO DO BD ODO DO DD ODO DO DD ELO ELO C 2 000000 UUUUUNUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU GK AAA AA 3 1111141 thitin IHS 7 9 AET AO 000 000 180000000000 gain U 0 D 0 0 l gam 5 Q photo electron 00000000 0 0 0000000000000000000000000000 1070 0 60000000000000 Uu Aa a nn 4 2 MPPCHLU 33 Substrate Fig 41 MPPC00000000 APDO 000000000000 100100000000000000 100 10090000000 APD U U U 0 00 0 U U D U 00 0 0 0 DO U 00 0 id U UD 0 0 00 0 U U DO 00 ELO UD 00 U
20. U D D D 0 D 0 0 D D D 0 D 0 0 D MPPC D 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 000000000 MPPC000000000000000 420 APDO DDD DDD U 4200000 APD0000000000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 U U U U 0 D 0 U 00 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 ilL U U U U 0 D DO 00 0 0 D 0 D ODO U D U U 0 U 0 U D U UD U U 0 0 U 0 U 00 0 uH t U D D D 0 D 0 0 D D D D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 D D 0 MEC D D 0 D 0 0 D L 0000000000000 MPPCTI DL ULL LL LE I Lt L 1 LB O DL UO UO DL OL UO 7 C OO C O EE UTC LI C DO BBB BB OD DO U 0 U UD U 00 D 0 00 D U U 0 UD UD U 0 U D U U 0 D U 0 U 000 2 0 0 00 0000000 LU U U 0 U U 0 UD 0 U 00 0 0 D 00 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 0 UD U D 0 U 0 0 D 0 UD 00 0 0 U 14 0000000 42 MPPCHHH OOOO APDO0O0000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC Va gt Ver PHOTON QUENCHING RESISTOR GEIGER MODE APD VR Reverse bias Ver Breakdown voltage Fig 42 MPPCH 1APD pixel OOOO 421 ODIN 0 4370 440 MPPCODODODOU APD0000000000000000000 4830000000 4400000000000 000000000 4400000000000 000000000000 000000 on U 000000 APDO0000000000000000000000000000000000 U U DDD 0 D D D 0 0 D D 0 D D D D D KD DDD DD D D D D D
21. 0 000 1 3mm Y 0 0 0 0 gain U D DD DO D photon counting 0000000 photo electron U 00 D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 U D D 0 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 0 0 D 0 43 CV MPPC 39 MPPC equivalent circuit Fig 4 7 ganging configuration MPPC 0000 U 0 0 00 0 U U H 00000 MPPCO000000000000000000000000 0000 gaing 00 1116 5 0 gain 0000 0000000000000000000000000 2 00000000000000 70 U D D D D D ganag 0 0 0 0 D U D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 D D D D D D D D D D D D L3mm MPPCS I I 1000000 3mm MPPC00000000000000000000000000000 0000 13mm0 MPPC00000000000000000000000000 3mmr 4000001300808 000080000000 000 0000000000000 CV DO 13mm 0 MPPCOOO0003mm0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3mm MPPOAUHUHHUHHUHHHHHHHEHHEHHEHHEHEHHEHHHHEHHHHEHHHHLHELU 1 BOBO D E UO B D D UO 0 7 UD DT D 0 U 2 HOD D LO D D BE OLD DI DUD U 00000000000000000 4800 4900000000000 0 0 0 voltage supply OO KIKUSUI PAN110 15A D D D D 0 D D D 0 D D D D D D D D D D D 0 00 110V0 D D D D D 20mVUJ 0 D D D D 0 0065 2 1mV D D D 0 0 0 101p 0 0 0 D D D 0 0 0 0 L 100mV D 0000000 YOKOGAWA D 75620000000000000000000 170 U U 0 D 000000 0 ImVO0O0O000000000000000000000000086 49000000000000000000000000000072 00000000 0 0000 0 MPPCHHHE AMPODODODODODOO DO AMPOOOOOOOOOD 03510 0
22. 0 D D 00 D D 0 U U U D 0 DD D D 0 D D D D 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 0 D D D 0 0 of 0 D D DD 000000000 LU U U 0 00 0 U U DU 00 0 OD BD DO DB UD U 00 0 0 0 UD U U 0 00 0 D 0 00 0 0 L U DU 0 DD D 0 D D D 0 D D D D D D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 D D UD D Ve D D D D 0 D 0 D 0 D D D U VD D DDD Avg APD DD DDD DDD DDD CD D 0 0 D 0 0 00000 000000 L nU D I LI onu n x C x V Vo nxCxAV U U DD D D 0 D D 0 0 0 D D D 0 MPPC OO photon count ng DU D D D 0 0 D D D DU D D MPPCO gain 0100010 eU 000 gain lt x AV 4 1 U U D 0 0 D 0 0 D D 0 D UD 0 D 0 U 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 gg m dg D 0 D U 0 D 0 0 UH U D D DD 0 D 0 D D D D D D 0 440 DDD D D D D 0 D D D D 0 D D D 0 0 D D D 0 D D D L 000000 4 2 MPPCHLU 35 QUENCHING RESISTOR APD PIXEL IN GEIGER MODE Fig 43 MPPCODODO R N n N n C U D D 0 0 D 0 D D D D 0 0 0 RO LAD CI 1APD 00000000 LU U U U D 0 U 0 UD 00 0 00 0 L T ecay N n x C x Rr N n x C x R N n n x C x Rr 4 2 N x C x Ri C x R 3 000 MPPCOCOOOOOODOOD exp t Taecaey 01000000 RO JAPDOOOOO HHEHHEHHHHHHHENHU 0 200000000000000000 10000 2800000000000 0000000000000 000000000000 U 0 0 DD DD D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 D D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 D D D 0000 1 D D D D 00 APD00000000000000000000000000 10000000000000000000000 MPPOHUN 3600
23. 000000 301000000000 Kr gt 1 trp000 0000000000000000000000 2000000000000 00000000 IAN AAA EOE lt ES E ENEM ELIE CET EME LAOD San HSS Henna 3 3 1003 320O 000000000 timing window 00000000 00 0900080000000 00000000 0000000000 0000000000 LU U 0 U DO OD D U 0000 0 00000 timing window 0400000060 accidental hit timing window 0000000 signal veto DUDU accidental loss D H D U 000000000 000000000 timing window 0 D HE HE 3 3 2 3 3 3 D E O 3 31 000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000070 00700000000000000000000000000000000000000 XK TO 0000 CVODO CsIQO00000000000000000000000000 9 O00 imeficiency 3 0000000000000000000000000000000000 CY 0 UU dead material UHUDUDUDUDUDUDUDUDUUUDUDUDUDUUDUDUUUDUUUUDUUDUDUDU CV H 000000000000 0 000 000 0 HEI AO DADO ST 595 O pm UD UU HH BEER EET E ME RE EE E GEANTAO l x OD ooo DO 00D 00000000000 0000000000000 3MeV UU Energy deposit H HH D CVOOOOOD energy deposit O O event veto CY 100keV D 00 D D B D D 0 U 3800000000000 00 0 D 0 00 D UD UUU inefficiency function 000000 000000 0 0 DO DO 0 000 0 0 000 0000000000000 LU U 0 DD m 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D U D 0 D UD 00 D 0 D 0 D UD 0 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 33 UU U U U U U U U D ULU
24. 2 05 Tise time ns Tise time ns Fig 5 16 DD D HD D D TD D D D H 000000000000 00000000000 E S t o PS q o o 30 sr o 25 FRETE 1 kn 10 12 14 16 18 20 10 12 14 16 18 20 pulse height of peak mV pulse height of peak mV Fig 5 17 U DD 10101010000000000000000000000000000000 9 9 0 0 0000000000 57 0008 5 0000 bandwidth 00000000 00 00 500pc 0000 000 00 0000 00 OVL 800mV 5 3 00000000000 Table 5 3 Fig 9 18 0 00 20000000000000 551 000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000 5190000000000 000000000000 540000000000000000000008 ADs001 00 000 55000000 opamp U 0d U 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 U D U D 0 U D D 0 000000000 00000000000000 0 0 00 opamp000000000000000000 2000 0000000000000 0000 0 0 0 D D U 0000 U U U D D epamp U 00000000 2nV EHHUHHHHHHHHHHEHHHHLHHLEHL 60000000000 00 0 0 00 0000 OO 500000000000000 l0nVo0 000000000 0000000000000 AMPQOO 00000 DDD 00 DDD D 000 0 51900 518 D 0 0 D U DD 0 D U D 0 0 D D D 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 00000000000 00000 RODO 0000000 2 lt lt i f 12 Roi Raio V V Rii R f Vo Vi Ri MT 0 0X CMN NZ YN i 000000000 43 gt gt fa 00000 400000000060 Fu h R Ry Ro Vac d EE Ri Ro Ri Ro h 5 6 588 CV Ka Rm so Rr mo Re iq RI mo m un m3 ko ra wo ADA
25. 800 1000 position of x at beam center mm position of x at beam center mm Fig 6 22 000 00 x000 scan M 00000 000000000000 y 3emD x 000 scan U U U UD 0 U U Entries 25 0 35 x x Mean 55 96 0 3E tp ms 116 0 25 x x x x x x ndf 0 005572 77 0 2 x x x Constant 0 3629 0 1095 Mean 55 89 0 24 Sigma 0 7933 0 2815 Qo 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 Fig 623 DO DO D 0 0 D D DD D D D D D 0 D D 0 UU 007 DHDDDDDDDDDDD CD DDD DD accidental loss Table 7 1 0000 0 8ns 000 timing window accidental loss O 0 7 000000000000 00 0000 00000000000000000 1 00000000 2 00000 0000000 U U UD D D D D D 0 0 0 0 D D D D D D UD D D 0 D D D D D D D 0 D D D U timing window U D D D D D 0 accidental D hit D 00 loss D D U D 00000000 MPPCUHHHULHUL HE HELENE EISE EU EIER i 0000000 600000000000000cCvo0008s00000000000000000000 00 timing window 01000000 accidental loss Y Y 71000000 00000000000000 00 Tl TB H 0 accidental hit O L accidental loss DO D L1 D B D B D 000000000 72 000000 MPPG OTO UEAN AU EE 0 600000000000000 0 0 0 0000000000 0 U 00 0 0 accidental HH 0 0 d d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CY 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 L U U D D D D D D D coincidence hit OO D D D U D check D D D 0 D D BU D 0 U 0 UI U UD D D 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 D D D Csil 200 700 CY DD D D D D 0 D U UU timing window 000000000 D D coincidence b
26. CERE E p E E E EP ao ERR 0100000000000000 0 0 0 0 00 0 000000000 0000 1000000 0600000 0000 1 9 000000 5 6 MPPC 00000000000000 65 Fig 5 23 U U D D 0 D D 0 DD D O 000 L Fig 9 26 U U U DU U U U U U U U U U U U Smm 000000 Sino qu Bu Na 95 lt 12 90 H Ee HN 85 O OA R Ars Fig 5 27 MPPC I I LU U U U U 00 U 1 3mm MP 3mm MPPC LU U UD U 0 U DD 00 D 000000 00 0000000000 0 0 3mm D 000 66 5 O00000 CVODO 70 60 Z PTIN DSOHMMPPCKA SHE o o 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 27 X mipcMPPCHmip ED Z Lb mm Fig 5 28 MPPC00000000000000000000000000000000010 U U D 0 D 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 D D D 0 0 0 Gomm DD D D D 0 D 0 0 UD 0 gt 00 0 D 0 U l 00000000000 x0000000000000000000000000 00 Yoo L EI ESET EHET TD 23 E ERO DR 1 EL 16100 te HEIL EE ER 100000 00 60 A 9 6 MPPC 0 0000000000000 67 0000 000 1160 00 000 0000 0 0000 LU 00 000 1 5ilmm LE EL EL EL LH 0 016mm BREE bl 1162 00 7000 1 limm LE EL EL LH 0 029mm UOUGUU 1163 00 000 1 514mm LE EL EL LH 0 002mm Table 5 8 MPPC0000000 11271 MPPCO 400 11 21 13 40 uu 562 0000 MPPCUHUHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHELHULLU U D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D D D D 0 D D 0 D D
27. D 0 2636 00 D D D D D D 0 0 D 0 D D D 32000000 CVOO 2 000000000 20 000000000000 000 00000000 1hitO 000007 00000000 90 lhit000 240000000 00000000 200 900 CsiHH 1536 000 00 0000 000 0 000 700 CsiH ur tr tr L hit 0000000 hit 0 2560 00 00 00000000 00 32000000 CVOD ei 000000000 200000007 000000000000 7000200000 OO 14t0000007 00000000 70 CID hit 000 106 D 00 000000000 2000 Csil00000000 700 70 veto tiri l D U 15 Fig 3 1 D U U 0 D U 0 0 0 U U 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 U energy U U U 0 0 0 0 0 D U U UD U 0 0 0 0 D L 00000000000000000000000000 X gt e pg000000000 000000000000000000 Ki gt r e v000000 240000000000 K gt retvQ000o z 0 2 0000 38400000000 CV 100 0 000000000000000000 z 0 2 00000000000 00 10 200000000000000000000000 00 signal DDD 1410000 0 05 00000000000000000000 2000 Kj 0000 Cs U U U U 0 D 0 U 0 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 ull UD U 0000000 K gt 7 etv000000 6 200000000 0000000 10000000000000000 z 0000000000 00000 000 200000000000000 00000 100000000000 000 CY 200000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000 LU U U U 0 D 0 U 00 0 0 D 0 D U 00 Kj gt r w pp00000800000000000000000000000000 000 z 07 O cvo00000000000000000000000000000000 0000 CY D
28. L U U U U 0 D DO BD ODO DO ODO U D DO 0 U 0 U UD 0 UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 ui t U D D D 0 0 0 uniformity 0 D 0 D D D D 000 CV D veto 01001000 urt 0 D D D D U U U U 0 D DO BDO DO DO ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 0 UD 0 UD U U U D ht D D D 000 D 0 D D 0 D D D D D D 0 D 0 D D D 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 D D 0 D D 0 OD U U U UD 0 D DO U 0 BD U 0 U DU U 7 U 0 0 U 0 D 0 U U 0 D U UD 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 D U 00000000000000000 CY D 00 DD D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 0 DUU uniformity D O LU U U U 0 D DO DD ODO dg UD 00 0 U D 0 U UL 5 9 OOU 79 2 77 100000 toni E L uu 2 UHHUHHHUHLHHULULU 3 AMP nn 4 MPPOCO D D D D D D D D D D D D L 5 MPPC D 0 B 0 0 0 6 00000000 000000 000000010 000000000 Yemi imp UU sma U I D D D D 0 D D 0 D D 00000000 0000000000000000000000 25cm D 0000 000000 lm UU DD DD 0 0 0 0 0 0 OO EJ20440 D D D D 0 0 D D D 0 AMPgo 0 0 D D D 00 0 DDD 00 D DDD 0 D DDD 2 HUHUHHEHHHHHHHHHHHEHEMPPOHHHHHHHHHEHHHHHHHULHLELML 0000000000000 1066000000000000000000 0000 H LEO AA EL RUE E aaa aaa aaa A 4000 0070 0000 08 140 00000000000 cv00000000000000000000000 80 6 000000 CVODODO 6 000000 CVODODO 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0200 0 0 0000 0 0 000 010 600Mev c0 0000040 0000 000000 61 JUD LU LU LI U U DD DD 0 DD 0 0 DD 610 6 2 HI 0 D event t D 0 D UO B 0 D 10000000 TOLO TOR D 0000 T10 72000000 T30 T40 600
29. L 21 Gel t0 2mm polyethylene t mm Plastic scintillator Fig 37 K TOQ OO CV inefficiency function D 0000000000000000 UHULLEULLULH U 0015 0000000000000 18 0 0 0000 inefficiency function 0 D U D D D CV veto U DU D D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 D D D D 100keV 0000 sio LU U 00 UD BO D 00 U DO DO 0 0 ODO DO DO U U DO DO 0 U ODO UD m UD 0 0 0 U l00ke VH D 0 D D D 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 D D D inefficiency HH D D 0 0 0 0 D D D 0 D D U U D D D 0 D D 0 0 D D D 0 0 D D D D D D D 0 D D D D UD D D D 100keV D D D 0 U 0 LU LU U U UD 0 D DO 00 ODO DO 00 0 U U 0 U 0 0 UD U D 0 U 00 0 0 D 0 L 332 CVODODODODO U D D D D D D D D D 0 D D D 0 D D D D D D D D D D D D timing window 0 00000 0000000000000000000 GEANT40000000000000000000 0 AppendixA0000000000000000000 K rt esr 2 00 700 ht000000 CVODO 100keV D D 0 010000000000000000000000000 390000000000 100keV event D D D D D 0 D D D 00 100keV 101000 00 event D D D 000 1 U PSL D D 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 D 0 D D 0 D D D D D 0 D 0 D 30cmx30cm 000000 1110 111415 011111 EE O A ETE 000000 000000 22 3 VetoH CV Model function SE M x 15 a rir 10 0 200 400 600 600 1000 Momentum MeV c Fig 3 8 CVO
30. U TKY0351 500000 Iphoto electron 000000000 1photo electron 0 0 0 Lamy D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 D 0 0 D DD 0 D 0 D 0 UD D D 0 0 D D D UD D D 0 0 D UU L 00000 56000000000 gana D 0 0 DD 0 00 D D U AMP DD 000 s000000000000000 LU U U DD D 0 0 0 000 0 0 D D D D D D D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 UD D D D D 0 D 0 0 0 00 U U UU U DU DD 0000060 SD 0000000 3000000000000000000 3nsO 00000000 pa XPC D 0 0 D D 0 D 0 D D 0 D 0 D D D D 0 0 D D Ans U 00000000 MPPC U U U U 0 D DO BDO DO DO ODO U D DO 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 ll ll 11 1photo electron 700 ADC 54 5 000000 CY DUD U U U U U 0 D DO 00 0 0 D U D 0 U 0 U D DO 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 0 UD 0 UD U 000 00000000 0000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000 0 4 206 00 0 0 D 0 CELO 0 0 D D D DO D 0 D D DEO D D OE DE DL 0 0 cvoo0o000000000000000000000 0000000000 00 000000000000 0 68880 12010 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0000000 000000000000 1000000000 Tu ppo 0000000000 0 00 0 0 0 0 0020 0 0 0 020 0 0000 000 0000000000 0000000000000000 Irise Trise exp t Ty11 exp t Tuprc 5 1 HOO 5140000000 13mmll MPPCS 0 ganging 00000000000 50ns 00007 000000000 3800000 MPPCOOOOOO0 128000000000 U U U U 0 D DO 0 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 U D DO 0 U 0 U D U diiit it D D DD 0 0 DD AME D D D D D 0 0 D D D D 0 0 DDD 00 D U exp x 6 8 exp x 50 M i BO 70 B
31. U DO DO 0 DO UD 0 U U DO U U DO UD 0 0 DO DO U UD 00 UD 0 0 U U U U 0 0 U 0 U U UD DO D 0 0 UD UD 0 0 UD UD 0 UD U 0 0 D 0 0 U U 0 UU D UD UD 0 0 uult 0 0000 000000000 U U U U U U U U U U U U U 0 U U U U 0 DU 0 U UD U U 0 00 0 U UD U UD 0 00 0 0 UL LU U UD 0 D 0 DO DO ODO OD D U DO 0 DD D 0 0 U U UD 0 UD 0 D 0 0 U U 10000000 LU U U U U UD DO 00 ODO DO OD LD 00 U D 0 U 00 CELO ELO UD 0 U UD D UD U LU U U U DO BO 00 ODO DO 0 UD 0 0 D 0 UD 0 U 0 U U 0 D U UD 0 U 0 U D U U UO EE 0 U AA A F D DTD T D DO ODO DO DO ODO DO DD PITU III uil ut iii libi Ll ENE EA 00000000 BOBO BO DO DO DO DO i ODO DO DO DO DO DO dB ODO Pi LB Han DODODO DO DD ODO DO OD ODO DO ODO DO DD ODO DO DD lt U U U U 0 D DO 0 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 U D DO 0 U 0 DO U UD 0 U 0 DO 0 UD ODO 0 UD 0 UD U 1000000000000000000 9000000 Kaon Group 0000000000 U U U U 0 D DO DD ODO DO ODO U D U U 0 U 0 U UD U UD U U 0 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 ull lt 000000 000000 CY D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D 0 D D D D D D D D 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rtr 0000000000000000 Lee Jong won U D UD D UD D D 0 D D D D 0 D 0 0 0 0 D 0 DODODO DO DD ODO DO OD ODO DO ODO Y DD ODO DO DD 11 85H U EE EE C C HE BERGERE HEN HEH EEE EH bee GEG E BILE DADO DO O ODO O DO DO DO DD ODO DD ODO DD 00000000000 7000000 000000000 0 0 00000000 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 Hi U D D D D D D 0 D DODODO DO ET H ODO HHIHH Lit il iti 0000000000000000000000000000
32. Vua Vo Vea Voy Via 0 1 3 HB T IB adas ao RI asma Vas 1 Vas 000000 yp lp 1 4 A th e a gago gado NN EHH HB RH HA HRA HRH DH SHRED HH DD E HE H E DREI HEEN EK EE ECH no EEE 0 08 7 U D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CPHHHHHHHHHHHHUULMU 112 K gt mv0 000 0000000000 Kinu DDD DDD DD 120000000000000000 00011011 Br K gt m vi 2 20 0 07 x 10 P IMV Via X xy Ss 0000000 2 49 0 39 x 10 70000000 30000 X z 1 464 0 041 Inami Lim loop function D O 40 000000000000 W 200 00000 Im VAVi Wolfenstein 0g 0000000000000 Zm V Via AN nO 000000000000000 2000000000000000 K 0 00 00000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000 K gt ze 0000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000 500000000000 00000 gold plated mode D D 0 D 0 0 0D 00000000000 Grossman D Nir D O O 0 K mtu D DD DD DDD 000000000 000000000000 Grossman Nir limit Br Kj gt mp 1 4 x 107 1 6 01000000 6000000000000000000000000000000000010 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000 Grossman Nir imit0000000000000000000000000000O000 00000000000000000000000000000 7000000000000 DO E391a D D UL 0 U Br Kj gt 2 6 x 107 flo 12 K vv Dn du 3 ETH ete 79966 KT iz a KTaVie e Mee E391a firsti2 a E391a second 2
33. Y OOO D B HH H H B B BH B D D E D D D D T D D 0 U D D D U U D 0 U U D U U D 0 U U D U U U UD UD U U D U T HOU 00 50 0 0 0 00 0 1 205 000 0 00 0 0 D D BEBE BE U ET L 0 0 00 hit t D E E D D D D D hit 00001 UH U U D 0 D D 0 DD 0 D U 00060000 MPPCUH 25000 240000 Fou hit 00000 MPPCHHUHUL 4000000000 20000 MPPCO D 0 MPPC J 020000 100000000000 Ziranlos m 000 Pe Ae T en i 1 2 l 88 6 000000 CVODODO energy deposit of TOL 2000 4000 energy deposit of TOR hs Entries 50000 Mean 54 11 H RMS 0 716 00 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 350 time ns Energy deposit keW Fig 6 12 O00000 energy 0 00000000 00 x990emtyz0 0 000000000 energy D DD Geant4 DD D D 0 0 0 D DD D D D D D ADC spectrum U U D D D D D run D D D D D ADC spectrum energy 00000000000000 TDC 00000000000 0 IDC spectrum 000000000000 LU U U U 0 UD 00 0 L T TA dogs to l1 18 E 211 Tirer 21 Ti F T l x Tiran 2 2 00000000 htHHHUHHHHUHUEHUHHHUHL hil HIHHHUHULHHHUH 00000066000000 100000100000 ho000000000 000000 505 10 6 200 x 500mm i 6 3 uniformity 89 Energy deposit of T2 hist Entries 50000 do Energy deposit keV time ns Fig 6 13 O00000 energy 0 000
34. ndf 5 791 7 5 Prob 0 5644 2 po 0 1072 0 003387 ig p1 69 77 0 03273 0 16 R 22 e 0 12 0 1 0 08 705 706 707 708 709 71 71 1 71 2 1 3 ENTE V Fig 411 20 O D 000004 D 0 0 660 00 0000 00000000 PbPFJ0p10 1x000000000000 VID d m C Fig 412 APDO000000000000000000 2074115 110 415 q10 O DD 500000000000 MPPCT T L D DDD AV 13V000000000000 3mm0 MPPCODODODODODODOO 00000000000 420 040000 000000000000 0000000000000 LU U U U 0 D 0 U 00 0 0 D 0 D U O00 4189000080000 D D 0 D D U D D D D D D 00 20 C 0 5photo electron threshold 1 4MHEZUHUHUHHHHHHHHHU MPPC00000000000 20 U 0 0 DDD D D D D 0 0 0 CV 3smmQ0000 MPPCO D D D L 43 CVD MPPO 43 i x ndf 4 046 10 66 71 0 01006 0 05532 0 000691 2201 77 17 w h N FLAG 0 5 10 15 20 25 im EF FC Fig 4 13 U U U D 0 D D 0 DD D U DD U D D U U 1010100000000 3mm 2 LED off HE DEME event NAZ Fig 4 14 LED of HH ADCDODODODOD 44 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC Fig 415 0000 15 C 10 Q 5 C cL o Ci U U U U DO DO DD 00 U 0 D 0 U 00 D 0 D U 44 UUU K TO000000 CVOOOOOOOO0O MPPC000000000000000000 Y 0 0 0 0 50umx50um0 0000000 3mmx3mmQ 0000 00000000000 MPPCODODODODODODODOO CY DD 0000 D 00 U D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 D D D 0 CVODODODODODO 45 5 0 00000 vool 00000 cv
35. oo oo oo oo oo O 2 5 14 3 0000 VetoH CV 3 0000 Vetog 0 CV 00000000000000 Cet D D D D D 000000000 V00000000000000000000 00000 vetop 00 000000 2000000000 9 000000000000000 00000 00000000 3000000 Beata KZ srrevo 200000 0000000000 veto CY CVODODODOO HHHEHHHEVEHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEUHUHHUHEUHEHHEHUBULHELUL 000000000000000000000000000 70 000000000000 KEK D D 0 D D E391la0 0 CVHHHUHUHHUHHHUHHHHUHHULHHEULHU CV D L 11100000 Esad D D D D D D D D D D D D 0 0 D D D D D D D 0 D D D 0 D D 000000 CV00000 00000000000000000000000000000 000000000 00 0000 0000000000000000000 U U U U 0 D 0 U 0 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD U U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 lll UD U 000 301 CVIT H TOUTOU UOT AA sa e A TTT 00000000 0000000 ps rnode oo U U U UD 0 D 0 U U 0 D 0 U 0 U D 0 U 00 0 U UD UU 0 UU Z DU 00 0 0 D 0 UD 0 0 UD 0 D U 0000000 32 00000000 7 00000000000000000000000 0 000000000000000000 0 Uu LLL LLL uu Lu Lu E EE EE EE EJ 000000 CZVO00000000000000e 00000000000000000000 000000000000000 00 energy depositlluuUHUHHHHHHHHHHUHULRDLRU HHH SCHT HHH E 3300188 14011442 21411 10441124 11 ARANA AA gaga AAA NADO a 0000000000000000000000000000000 K gt re pg0000 00 2000000000000 0000 300 700 Cal D I 1090000000000 700 Cel D 0 D D D 0 har D 0000000 hir
36. to ADC to TDC to ADC to TDC to output resistor in T2 divider discriminator fan in out clock generator to TDC to ADC to TDC divider discriminator to ADC to TDC T4 divider discriminator to ADC to TDC Fig 6 2 DO 0 dag O O coincidence gate O O O timing resolution of timing counter Entries of event Mean 50 27 0 00 Sigma 0 1983 0 0013 05 485 49 495 50 505 51 515 52 525 53 time ns Fig 6 3 TORO TDCOO0 TDC D D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 D D 0 U 82 6 000000 CVODODO MPPC VIV to ADC to TDC V o oscilloscope 0 1uF 0 1uF B E5O ZAMP 7 Fig 6 4 MPPCgO00D000 000 0 000000 MPPC00000000000 6 2 IU U B DL U U D LE DU ULU L 83 00000000 TDK D 2415 0065 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 D D 0 D 0 D 0 0 L U U U U 0 D DO DD ODO DD 0 U 0 U D 0 UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD U U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 ull t U U U 0 D D 0 0 0 000000000 CY configuration 10 67000000000000 U D D DD 0 DO OD 0 D D D D 0 D D D DD xOO0000000000000000000 4 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 9 0 00000 6 2 LL LL e 000000000000000000 6800000000000000000 240000 000000 20 8p000 0000000000000 00000000 0000000000 000000 E BG 0000000 15AHHHHHEHHHHEHHHHHHHHHHHEHEHEEHULU 0 0 0 0 0
37. 0 0 43000 MPPCU 000 10 D D D 0 0 dider 000000000000 AMPO 10000000 5000000 000000000000000000000000 125600000 ADC DDD D D 0 00 U MPPCO D D 0 0 D ETACO HIFLEX FL2110 D 0 0 D D 0 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 PPC L r3 LIO 000000000000 0 00000000000 0 000000 EE E EE Don ENE Oo 244 ETL 1 CIO LIO 101 Ou EI 5 40 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC Sg 1 kHz width 200ns LED clock gate i driver generator enerator voltage AMP DC mes m sof Am Fig 48 0000000000 MPPC out Fl j 7 ZJ 0 m Al mear Fig 4 9 MPPCO0000000000 TOmH Tin UN band width 200MHz OD LEV 2 5ns 00 2 5us D D Table 4 3 NIM H 0000000 TKY 0351 000 00 20 Q 100 07 000 00 01 9 4000000000 00000000 0 3 9100 U HE MPPCHUHEBHHELLDH TSURUGA ELECTRIC 4258 A 23 O 000000000 LU U U BOBO D 0 0 U DO DO DO DO 0 UD ODO DO DO DO DO DO DO 0 0 D 0 0 UD U U 0 27 0 3 O 00010 431 000000000000000 000 0000000 000 0000 clock generator LED driver gate generator J 0000000 LED D 000 000 2 1 62 0 LED DDD Iphoto electron level 0400000000000 1 photo electron D 410000000000000 Iphoto electron 0 NO gaussian fit 0 O 1photo electron U D U DD D 0 0 D 000 0 0 0 L Q ADC count of 1photo electron peak ADC count of pedestal peak x 190
38. 0 0 0 20 x 50cm y 00 00000000 DOLI eh RE y 00 D 0 D 0 D EJ D 0 D D D D 0 D D 0 D 0 D 0 0 D D D 0 D D D 0 D D D D 0 ET 0 U 12010 ves TSTST SN HHH D HOH RRE E DER ELE 06 21 HEHUHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEHHHHEHHEULHEHH 220 0000000000000 00000000000 0 0 74050 0 84as U D 0000000000000000 6230000 U UD 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D 0 event weight 0 0 D D D D 0 D D D D 0 0 0 CV U 000000000 0sss HH D 0 D 0 D D D D D 0 D D D 0 D 0 90 6 000000 CVODODO CNL Energy distribution 1000 21500 2000 2500 Energy deposit keV 00 220 240 time ns l e rs 2000 2500 Energy depositlkeV TDC count TOC count Fig 6 14 0 MPPC000000000000000y 00x 50cm0000000000 D D D D CYL D D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MPPCHHCVRHHHHHUHHHEL MPPC 000 6 4 IL 000 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 00 0100 00 00 0100 00 0 D 0 x scan y scan 0 5 U 3 7photo electron 100keV 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 timing window O O accidental hit O O accidental loss E E E EJ D A a AA a AA AAA 64 OH P i E a C i uu n gi CH K DE o r T ax am gt 1 m m dE cU ZE au a S 5 ade 0 Fig 6 15 0000 40000000000 ADC tq 0 0 fito ft H 00 y p0 2 p1 p2 0 O TDCO gaussian fit O O 00 TDCI D 0 U ta U 000 TDCU 1048 9 3753 1 61 17 42 0 99
39. 0 0 0 UD U UD 0 00 0 U U DU 00 U 000 2 K TOU k TO0000000000000000000000000 J PARC 0 20110000 000000 K2 gt 7vv0000000000 J PARCOOOOOOOOOD 30Gev D 0 O H EL ELELEL E J PAROC 1E EL EE EE ET EE EF EL ETE EL EL EL EL EE HE EE EL EE EL EL EL EL EE ETE 00000000 OOOO spil00000000 2 x 1014 proton on target 0000000000000000 E391a 00000000 KEK FS D p 10000000004 00000000000000 LI Tp JU Dea Goa E LLL E 000000 ES9laHUHHHUDHUHEUREURDUL 00 000000000000000 00 K TOGO00O0000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000 k 700000000000000000000000000000 20100 100000000000000000000000 k Togo00000000000 U D 0 D D 00 D D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 D D D 0 D D D 0 D D D D 0 0 D 00 D D D 0 DD 2 1 20 00000000 4 TO0000000000000000k Togo00000000000 E391a N D OO 0 D D D D D D 0 DD D D D D D D 0 0 0 0 D D D D D D 00000021000 000000000000000 k T00000000000000000000000000 EHL EE II ELTE ET LU LU LLL LU EE Thi ii Thi an 21 00000 K HGG D DDD v0000000000000000000000 00000000 0000000000 2 00000010980 222000000 988 00000000 0 K 000000 000000000000000000 9 000 2000000000000000000000 0000000000000000 00 K2 gt 7 7000000000000000 1 CsI00000000 70000000000000000 2 K 00D000000000000 Vec0700000 00000000000000 00000 0000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 230000 9 000000 U DU UD D DD 2 000000 430 010100000000 0000000 0 CVy 0000000000000000000 CE 0 0 0 0 0 00000
40. 0 0 D 0 00 Cal D D D Lu 33 UU U U UU 23 ht Entries 1230 0 1467 0 08713 mn of event of event E a 0 2 0 3 0 4 05 0 6 D 5400 FIT i i 3200 d 51 NN ES JAA x j 1 02 53 04 05 06 07 08 69 1 o 3 anti ZE F DNA 2 20 25 30 Hof photo electron Fig 39 0000000 CVODO 0000 300keVHHH event 00000000 00keV D 00 100keV 0 3photo electron H DH OO BO D 0 D 0 D DO U U 0 0 0 0 0 0 D UD 1 8 e 1 6 814 2 1 2 o 4 2 4 6 8 10 of photo electron 0 100keV p e Fig 3 10 0 00 100keV photo electron Hat 000000 0000000 100keV OO event 1000 000 00 100 000 evnet D 00000000 24 000 0 event UU U 0000000 0 105000000 EID an H smearing 1 000000 ns timing resolution temp ntrlos 189008 Mean 0 6417 RMS 1 136 1240 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 time Pi or Pi hit on CV time 2gamma hit on Csi event UO 10 50 U event O D 120 0 0 timing windo 3 0000 VetoO oo CV s es pm O CO r3 p O EE d g E E EE 3 O LIO d C LJ o LJ L3 E Fig 3 12 NU front CVO rear CV uuuuuuuuuulluliliuululttt Ins U 0000000000010 o Ha 000 Cal D 200 7000000 0000000000000000
41. 0 100MHz LH DD DLE UO DL OD D HE CO UE U 7 D DI BU U U 0 D U UD U D UD D 0 U 0 UD 00 U 0 D 00 0 0 0 D 0 D 00 LU mip peak O O 30photo electron HH B HH DDD 3000 1photo electron 0 12692 9 17 1 1 1 000 mip peak 5mV000000000000000000 5000000000000 250mV 0000000 51300 50000000 0 1photo electron 15mV O E EE HET ED ETUR 927 00 0 EE EET U U U 1photo electron U U UU mip 0 B 0 B 0 D U 0d D D 0 D 000 D U UU 00000 1photo electron H convolutionQ QO n DO ot lkire 00000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000 00 mp pak U 000000000000 00000000000 0 mip peak 30000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 o lopt D BDO D D ODO DO DO 0 0 00 00 0 D D 0 U D 0 D 0 001 00800mV0O0000 0000000 AMPO0O000000 530000 omm 3000000 MPPC D convolution 7 MPPC000000000000000000000000 1 0000000000000 H LLL Lu m MPPCS ganging O Bmm MPPCU convolution 0000 14 convolution 7 MPPC Add 00000000 UU 00 C C 00 5 CV wf1GH_1 ch1 013 dat 300 350 time ns Fig 5 15 UU U ODO DO O 000000000 E E D 14 D 14 gt gt 12 E 12 4 4 e e 10 Sigma 2917 0 473 10 8 8 6 6 4 4 2
42. 0 20000000000 0000000000000 210 0000000000 00000 9 Cs 0 200 700 ht000000000000000000 2000000 A 2700 0 D 70000000000 K5w00000000000000000000000000 100000000000000000000000000000000000000 KOTO 00000000000000 20 49000000 000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000 K 2790 KR KP gt mz ev DD DD KN 229000000 400 70000000 vn 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 4800 000000000000000000K 1tmr 0 ror 0000000000000 00000000 gt retvpo0000 3000000000 0000000000000 25 000000 eT PIE hY K ti EH DE a 20cm en Fig 2 6 BHCVnnunu 0 30000000000000 K gt ro K gt r et DDD DD DD DD DDD CV 000000000000 0000000000 U U 0 D 0 D 00 D D DO ODO UD D D D 0 0 D D D D D D 0 D 0 D D 0 D DD 300000 CC02 D 0 D D D D D 0 0 0 D 0 0 NCC D 0 D D D D D 0000000000000 000000000000000000000 000 2y0 Cal 0000 4 t000000000000000 CV000000000000 00000000 0100070000000000000000000000000000 CV r 000000 pa cvo00000000000 70000000 70000 70000000000000 0 00000000000000 CVy000o000000000000 CVODODODODO U U DD 0 D 0 0 D D 0 D D D D D DD 0 30000000 OO K TOO00d 00000300000000000000000000000 30 U U DD poo 0 D D D D 6000000000000000000 25 JI DU LU LU LU U U UD 0 D 0 U 00 0 0 DU UD 00 0 0 UD U 1 KLU UU DUD DD DUD 0 D DD 0 0 D D D D D D U 2 LH D DD BL D UD COE UE D D UE D L 12 KTODO 00000 UU K nieTy 0 4053 0 0015
43. 0 600 800 4000 Fig 6 18 y 3em x000 scan D U U LU U DD 0 D D D D 0 D 0 D D D D 0 D D utt 100ke VH D D D D 0 D D 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 D 2 581mm 0000000 Dip Lilo difference of hit time vs incident position y 3cm difference of hit time vs incident position O y 0 x ndf 10 15 10 po 11 23 0 1214 pi 0 01102 0 0002102 differenc of time ns 600 800 1000 incident position of x mm 600 800 1000 incident position of ximm Fig 6 19 O00 y 00 000 san 00100000 0 0 0101 y 3en gt D D scan 660 DD y 0 Tpixztl 93 94 Graph x I nd 3345 11 6 000000 CVODODO 700 Entrles 600 RMS 1 156 500 y3 ndi 71 351 73 Constant 669 6 4 8 400 Mean 56 03 0 01 300 Sigma 8044 0 0074 200 100 64 P time ns Fig 6 20 y 00 x 500 0 D D 0 0 0 0000000 000000000000 x ndi 5339 12 p 55 84 0 002108 p 55 84 0 002063 59 6 200 400 600 800 1000 55 6 200 400 600 800 1000 position of x at beam center mm position of x at beam center mm Fig 6 21 000 y 00 gt U D U scan D D D DU UU UD UU y 3cm xO00 sean D D D U 6 4 O UU 95 em x I ndf 123 6 11 Zon ndi um 0 84 pO 07741 0002313 2084 5 f c p0 0 7758 0 002758 E 0 821 90 82 dE M G o L 2078 x 20 Cu E 0 76 t I 0 SR 0 74 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 400 600
44. 0 CO 110 ROO 160k OD 0 0 0 0 D D D 50 Q D D D 0000000000000 0000000000 0 0 0 0 36001101 0 4 5 0 422 MPPCODODIO MPPC0000000 3000000000000000 L U UU U UD 0 LE CECI H LU U U U U U 00 U UD 00 0 0 0 UD UD 00 UD U 0 0 U U 0 0 0 UD UD 00 U UD 00 CELO U U LU U U U U BDO UD UD 00 D 0 00 UD 0 0 0 0 DD 0 U n 0 U U U 00 U UD 00 UD 00 UD U U U U 0 BOB DO DO DO OD ODO 0 D 0 UD 0 U 0 U UD U D 0 U 0 0 D 0 U 0 L 36 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC 2 000000 DO DO BOB DO DO DO DD ODO DO DD ODO DO ODO DO HTP RD SHER U U U 0 BOB DO DO DO 0 D ODO 0 D 0 UD ODO DO U D U DO DO 0 UD 00 0 0 U 0 0000000000000000000000000000 DDD 0 3 000000 Eli i EEE dd A HO EHE EEE EEE EEE A DODO BOB DO DO DO DD ODO DO DD ODO DO ODO DO DO STD SHR Tp OO AVID ULL 0 45480008 800008 00000000 0000000 CVHHHEHELLHUHLRL 000000000 00 00 Csil0 0000 vtopgdgo0d 0000000000000 0000000000 100ke VO 0 D U D 0 0 U DO D 0 0 DO D 0 U UD 0 0000000000 H D O 4 BD DO DO DO DO OOO IPPILI Han Ha E UAE CN E veto 0 U U U U 0 0 0 D D D 0 0 0 timing window U 01010000 over veto 00000000 LU U D D U 0 D 000 3000000 31400000000 50keVO 0000000 over veto 000000000 accidental loss HE R 9400000000 accidental loss D O O 000000000000000000000000000000000 9 0 0 000000000000000 0000 0 000 0 0 00 000000000000 00000000000034000000 D 0 mipQ DD 25photo electron 3mm D 00 LU U U 0 0 U D U D DO D U D 0 U D 0 0 mn U U D U 00
45. 0 D D 0 D 0 D D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 529 0000 0000 30000000000000 MPPS D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DDD 0 0 5320080 MPPC000000000000000000000000000000 CEDE EP E Hu Ek 000000000 0 533 000000000000000000000000000000 LLL ge D HIST R HS um 0000000000 0 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 060 0000 ULUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU 1mmp0 05mm D HO 0 D DO HO D 0 7D D D 0 D D D D D D D U L 100000000000 MPPC D 0 D 00 000000 00000000000 MPPC U D D 0 D D 0 00 DD 0 DDD D D DD D 0 D D 0 D D D 0 0 D D 0 0 MPPCTIm 00000 0100000 5 30 D D D 0 D D D D D D D 0 D D D UD D U signal D 000000000000 00000 000000000000000000 1909 0 000 U U U U 0 U U BO DO 0 0 U D D UD 00 0 0 U U U 0 0 0 0 0 UD U UO 00 0 U U DU CE UI U LEME aaa U D D D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 D D D D 0 MEPYC D 0 D 0 0 D L 00000000 2010 90000000000 0000000000000 HEE 21 aa REIS EEE LILILI LILILI EET EI OO C C EI EJ C C LILILI C C C LILILI C C C E C EA o a i LILILI LILILI C C C OO OO CIC Soo m cag EEE o C C LILILI C C C LILILI OOO OOO OOO o C C OOO 2441 CC CC CC CC EE 111 CC E CC ES ES 103 CC EPE CIC ES Ea E CC CC CC 68 5 O00000 CVODO ze EX Ed Z EI R ARA RY IED CEI ALY TREY IE fal RS Pi pz 4 RE Y
46. 00 000000 MPPC D 0 0 0 0 D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 00000000000 000000000 0 5390000000000 5 370 CoPvs1000000000000000 1540000 00000 00001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 00000 l U D 0 D 0 D D 0 D 0 D 0 MPPCODODODOO 00000 MPPC U U C D 0 D D D D D D D 0 D 0 0 D 0 D D D D D D D 1801000000000 54000 74 5 O00000 CVODO 700012706086 Th 50 E Th rir iiz v AHER Qe Wa gh Ra T h COP AA A H AT REA LATO PE 3 U U DU U U 0 D 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 D L 0000000000000 o H nl 23181 523 28 MP PC 3232 i MEX Fig 538 HUHHHHHHHHHHELHLHEL 58 00000000 000000 00000000 75 m OM Fig 5 39 00 000000000 7 95415 Prob 20 0 1015 0 002431 p1 69 32 0 03402 r 0 3321 po 0 05725 0 0001783 p1 ULT Y V Um m T Etat 7299 RIL gt m Bull esa aT L i ae ee ee ee S L 4 4 I A ALA HESE EIER r d d m 71 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 ETC Fig 5 40 MPPC HOUOUUUDUU 00000000 MPPCq dU B0 D ULU 00000000 oo 3 EJ oo O O Oo OR E O 3 Ou Qu L3 r3 Qu Qu 00000000 560 x00 p2 00 0000000000000 69 3V 9000000000 00000000000000000 MPPCOOO00 4s 4 020000000 3000000 D DD DD DD DD MPPC I D I DD 0 5photo el
47. 00 7220 0 0 e 0000 0 0 0 0 0 050 0 1mm 000000000 000000 0000000000000 00000000 MPPCHHHELH 0 2mm 0 D D D D 0 0 D D 000000000000 BEER TRI T DD D d d DD EN ENNE E U U UD DD DD 0 D D D D U 64 0 D 0 D 0 D D D 0 D 0 D 0 D D D 0 D D D D D 0 D 0 D ili lal D EE REEL REEL alin EL EEE HEEL H PER nt MELE ODO DO DO DD D D DO T a LLE T DD D DTD E a D eA O EEE Ee LE E EA 00000000000 0 numerical aperture NA D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D D D D D D D 0 0 m e c e a e E E e e e E e E A 0000 49000000000000000 0 imi 04mmp000000000000000 CVIII VLEN KEDO DEE eD y DR b D y E 51 5 SECH AEA D trapping efficiency 1000000 63 5 6 0 00000000 1 2 3 4 5 D Front side A B Cross section Back side 3 85 MPPG chip 1 45 anode cathode Al 04255015 3 0 03 ja TT 0 425 9 15 3 0 lE L Cs ce 0425 0 15 epoxy resin INDEX 0 2 solder resist wire resist open 0 4 D rr TYPE Na pixel pitch number of pixels 2 naked electrode 1510031 025 02540025 14400 10931 050P 0 050x0 050 3600 c tion 510931 100P 0 10080 100 900 Cross section General tolerance 0 fe SCALE 20 TITLE 10931 xxxP seri RH i d 51093 series B UNIT DWG Ne R REV FIRST ISSUE DEF 2008 11 17 mj mm GK K30 F10436 SH MARK CONTENTS DATE APPR CHEK CHEK DESH DRAW PRO 4 HAMAMATSU PHOTONIEE K K mS mw FAB Ki x
48. 000 27 00000 U U 0 D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D D 0 0 0 D 0 DD 200000000000000000 LU U U U 0 D DO DD ODO DO 0 U 00 D Li LL References 103 References 1 M Kobayashi and T Maskawa CP Violation m The Renormalizable Theory Of Weak In teraction Prog Theor Phys 49 652 1973 2 Lincoln Wolfenstein Parametrization of the kobayashi maskawa matrix Phys Rev Lett Vol 51 No 21 pp 194571947 Nov 1983 3 A J Buras M Gorbahn U Haisch and U Nierste The rare decay K r vvat the Next to Next to Leading Order in QCD Phys Rev Lett 95 261805 2005 4 T Inami and C S Lim E ects Of Superheavy Quarks And Leptons In Low Energy Weak Processes Kr up K gt ntv and K gt K Prog Theor Phys 65 297 1981 Erratum ibid 65 1772 1981 151 W J Marciano and Z Parsa Rare kaon decays with missing energy Phys Rev D 53 1 1996 6 Y Grossman and Y Nir Kr r vvBeyond the Standard Model Phys Rev B398 163 1997 7 arXiv 0911 4789v1 hep ex 25 Nov 2009 8 J Comfort et al Proposal for Ky 7 vw Experiment at J PARC 2006 9900000000000000 2009 10 000000000000 0 2009 HI 0000000000000 0 2008 2 00000000000000 2008 1300000000000000 2005 A XA d LA 8000000000000 2009 is 8000000000000 2006 16 Kikusui PANA OOO 00000 17 YOKOGAWA 7561 7562
49. 00000 Y11 200MS U U U 0 D U D U 200ppm 0000000000 Y 11 D D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 D 0 D D 0 U 1000000000000000000000 000 00 000 ES0000000000 HOU 5430 EJ500 O D D D D D 0 0 D D D 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 D D 0 0 D D 0 L LU U U U 0 D 0 U 00 0 L LU U U U 0 D BO BDO DO DO 0 U 0 0 D 0 UD 0 U 0 U U 0 D U UD 0 U 0 U D 0 U 00 0 ll U U U UD 0 D DO DD ODO DD ODO U D DO 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 ilg Hg t U U U 0 BO 0 U U D DO BD ODO 00 0 0 U U U 0 00 0 0 UD U UD 0 00 0 U U DU 00 U Fiber Pi D 0 D 0 0 0 58 00000000 000000 00000000 II Entries 41 Mean 2 581 RMS 0 2218 8 thickness mm Fig 5 42 U U ODD D DD CEU 0 U U U OPTICAL TRANSMISSION PERCENT TRANSMISSION 300 350 400 450 500 550 500 WAVELENGTH nm Fig 5 43 EJ5000 0000 00000000 00000000 0000 0 0000 0 0 000 EJ50000000 0 54900 9 45 U D D D D D D 0 D D D D D D D D D D D D D L LU U U U 0 D DO BDO DO DO 0 U 0 0 D 0 UD 0 U 0 U U 0 D U UD U U 0 U D iL U U U UD 0 D DO BD 0 0 D DD ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U D U UD U U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 0 Lt 0000000000 2Ucm U D 0 0 D 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 000 D 0 D 0 D D 0 D D 0 0 D UI U U U U 0 D DO BD 0 0 D DO ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 uH t U U U U 0 D DO BD 0 0 D DO ODO U D U U 0 U 0 U UD 0 UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 ii put 78 9 O00000 CVODO Ma v PF q n e HET LU U U U UD 0 UD ODO UD 0 0 U 0 0 0 U 0
50. 00000 coincidence I O U U UD DD D D D D D D U D D 100 TORO 4cmx4cmx1lm D D D 0 D 187 141 ocmxocmx5mm U HO D D D D D D D D D D D D D H7415D D D D D UO D D D 0 D DO HU UH UO 110 T20 lemxlemx mm D D D 00000000000 R7460U 0000000060 U U U UD 00 DO U U 0 UD 00 D 0 U D 0 U U 0 U event HU U DL 0 D HEB DEB UD 0 U D DO 0 0 D U U U U 0 D DO DD ODO DO ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 0 UD 0 UD U U U D 0 D D D D D D event D D D D D TU 0 0 D D D D UO D D D event D D 0000 D D H 77L 000000000000 1 018 OO o Voror Oroz 00000000 TOLO 1016 D D D PMTO gan DL DD BH 0 D 0 D D D BE D 0 U 000000000070 0 V2000000000000 630000000000 66000 D 0 0 1988nsJ 0 0000000000000000 00 0 19ns v2 0 14asg 00000 0000 etE L o da FAVA T3T4 TOL TOR o ad 1 1 Fig 61 D U U 0 0 0 0 0 0 U OO MPPC00000000000 646509000 MVPC D 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 KIKUSUIG UJ PAN110 1 5A 0 9 0 0 O O discriminator H O O O 1photo electron 000000 000000000000000 0000 601 0000000000000000000000 LU U U 23um D D D D 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 D D U 0 D UD U 0 0 0000 0 060 0 0 0000 U U U 0 0 D 00 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 D 0 MPPCO0000000000 LED DD 0 0 0 0 6 1 000000 AA SI TOL Mel eme lisa gjelles to Oscilloscope to ADC to TDC TOR divider discriminator output resistor out to TDC start to TDC start 7 divider ps discriminator gate generator to ADC gate
51. 00000000 100photo electron DDD DD DO DO OOOO DDD DOLO MPPC000000000000000000000000 2z00000000000000 0000 sd CY MPPCH 3600 D 0 D D 0 0 D 0 0 0 000000000000 A ODO HUT ODO DDD DDD DOLO EE EE EE EE EE DEL DEL CE HE D DD CD DO ODO Il ever veto 1 0000 AA H udu EE ANA pi in li UHUHHHEHHHBHHHHHEHHHEHHHEHHHLLEHLHLELHLH 06000000 LU U U U U U 000000000 4 3 CV MPPC U D DD D D 0 D 0 MPPCO APDOO0000000000 30000000000000 U 0000 D 0 immximm 3nmx3nm D D 0 0000 4100 42000000000 00000000000000000000 25 CD AVOO 13VOO00000000000 OO APD00000000000000000000000000000000000000 1000000000 43 CV MPPC 37 Chi 5 00MVO 40 0 A Ch1 10 m 26 Aug 2009 11 28 80 15 31 30 CIO m LI APD0000000000 00000000 0000000000000 LU B DD UL gain APD00000000000 APDO000000000000000000000U0 00000000 KO 000000 1 0000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 DDD D D D D D 0 U 0000000 2 000000 APDO0O0000000000000000 430000000000000000000 5 0000000010 APD000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000 000000 4 000000000000 0000000 0000 000000 00000000000000000
52. 000000000 000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000 L2bitADC0 000000 204 00 TUC D D D 0 0 D D D 0 0 D D D 0 D D DD 0 U 20 1cmx1cm D0000 lemxlem J L U UU U U U U U U U U U imm U U U U U U d U U moll 0020040004448 H Er EA EEE EE EEE E EE 9 3 2 3 3 10 3 0 97 0 O O q 86 6 000000 CVODODO distribution of 1 photo electron x naf 2434 29 x ndi 4335729 po 24 03 0 01384 po 24 18 0 01354 S E 128 5 Bus o S 24 5 5 5 24 523 5 8 Lear 5 23 lt h 3 5 T 4 3 22 r 1 t 1 t 14 14 16 0 2 4 6 8 10 passage of time h passage i 16 of time h Fig 6 9 MPPC gain U DU D 0 00000 000000000000 MPPOHULHUL 00 MPPCOOOO 2 73914 12 5516 Prob 0 6023 0 05086 po 0 0856 0 001019 0 09283 0 001391 iz 69 45 0 01323 69 48 0 01738 e ROM H 0 1 70 3 70 4 70 5 70 6 70 7 KI ndf 9 628 4 ET Prob 0 04718 12191 5 507 6 o po 0 09073 0 001167 Prob 0 4806 a pi 69 13 0 0149 po 0009517 0 001651 80 12 pt 69 14 0 02104 R H 0 11 70 70 1 70 2 70 3 70 4 70 5 70 70 1 702 703 70 4 705 70 6 707 mg EN NEREETVI Fig 610 MPPUQ 00 0000000000000 000 0000000000000 UD D MPPE 0000000000 0000t000 p0 p1 xx 6 3 uniformity 87 temperature vs brakedo
53. 00000000000 20007000000 LU U U D U D 0 D U U DU U 700000 veto U 0100000000 MBUHULRHLRLULULU 0000 000 4900000 0 sampling calorimeter U 0 U U UD D D U U DO U O 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 D U UD D D D E39 a 0000000000 700000 23 DDD 9 21cm 56cm Ki beam 56cm Fig 2 4 NCC IU DU DU D U U D D D 0 D 0 0 D 0 XLD D D 0 D 0 D D D D D D D D U D D D 0 sampling calorimeter LU U U U 0 UD 00 0 L 2 3 3 collar counters Collar Counter 1 DH BO 0 D 0 D 0 D 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 030 2 06 000 D D D NCC 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 00NCC000000000000 7000000000000000 0000000 40 0000000000 0 239080000000 000 02000 0 0000000000000 000000 00 0 0 0 0 0 010 0 sampling calorimeter 0000000060 000000000000 0 239 24800000000 000 D 0 0 0 0 00000000000 00000 ro 00000000000000000000000000000000000 0000 02000000 D 000000000000000000000000000 NCC D D D 0 240 NCC D Cal D D D D D D DDD DDD DD D D D DDD DDD 00000 3000000 0 00 0 0 DD D DD 0 DD 0 DD 0 D 0 DD 0 DUD 300000 000000000000000000000000000 KL 000000000000000 90 OO Cco3s D 00000000 030 Cal 0 D 0 D D D D 0 00 D D 0 D D D U 0000 CI00000000000000000K TOOOODOOOODOOOODOOU U U D D 0 D D 0 D D 0 0 0 010
54. 0000000000000000000 200000 00000000 0 E391a 000000 10 P20000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000 0000000000000000000000 evg 10 Papg 00 KTODO cv Besi ccoa BHCV BHPV etir m d A d KL beam V Fig 21 KOTOQOOODOOODIO 70 vetoQ 000000 veta B Cat 000 0 1000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000 00000 223000000 2 00000 2130000000 22 00000000 0000 Cal 0 0 0000 200 700000000000000 DD D D 0 0 0 000 700 00000000000000000000000000000000000000 LU U U D U 1 Ze O EE FBOOOO0 Z00003m lt Ze lt m000000000000 000 2 0000000 2 000 000000000000 000000 0 0 0000000000000000 000 00000 220000000000 Cet DD 200 70000000 d dell Cal U 00000000000000 E 2200000000 Csil 000000 4 000000 00000 00 200000 0 00 0 000000 rio d da 20102 cos 0 2 1 01 r d 2 2 000000000 4000000000 0000 0000 M 25 Es 1 cos 0 2 4 23 001 17 Fig 22 200 700 0 00000000000000000 U U DD D D Cal D O D D D D D 0 0 0000 00 0 0 0 radredri20O 0000000000 000000 2022000000000000000 4 0 00 042000000000000 000000000000 46 50000 800 2000 Zest 00000 Zcsr dz Zea 3m Zus lt Sm 000000 000000000000 200 70000000000000000000 0000000 P 0000000000004 7000000000000000000000000 P 0 000000000000 20000
55. 000000000U0000U0 ID000000U0 000 htg 0 plot D DO DO D 0 0 U 0 0 hit D 000000000 00000000 DO 2000 hit0 0000 accidental rate ME mo om HB ir ag H H E HH E H O accidental rate CV 0 0 Table 3 2 0000 accidental rate 0000 t 00 KZ 28 3 0000 VetoH CV accidental loss 0 0 5 1 1 5 2 3 5 4 timing resolution of detector ns Fig 316 00000000000000000000 0 0 00 accidental loss plot OU D0000000000 000000 JEE 7 100keV 100keV 00 3p e DO O I N 00000 Table 3 3 0 0 0 00000 accidental loss accidental rate x timing window U 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D U D U timing window 000 front CY 0 D D D U 0 0 U 0 L U U U D 0 0002 12 0 0 0 D D 0 D D 0 0 0 roear CY D 0 frent CV D TO UU EE 0 rear CV timing window front CV timing window 00000000 timing window 000 front CVOOOOO00 0000000 3 160 D 00000000 CVO DO accidental loss HH du 6 00 0000000000000 OU 00 0 00 0 D 0 000000000000 34 00000000 0000000 8170000000 CsED 0 O 00000000 190000000 3mlL remnp 00 000 00000000000 000000000000000000 10000 4800 0 96000000 3400 2 000000 0 rear front 000 0000 0 0 0 0 timing window 0000000 over estimate 0000 3 9 TOD 29 OO E391a0 000 outer CY DD 0 D D 0 0 D
56. 00000001 000000 kHz 1MEz000000000000000000 IS AO U U UD D 0 00 D 0 D 0 D D D D D D D D 0 D 0 D 0 D D D D D lm x rom x 3 mm J I l U 0 0 D 0 D D D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D D D MPPC HHHUHMPPOHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEHHHHHHHHHHHHHHELLLU EHL S TEE 8 T 99T Hii ih hD ii Contents Contents 1 K gt vv J UD D 1 1 E AAA ll a 1 e E gt ae a ve ee Z S 1 1157 Ur RU EE Zx peer ee ge aks spa b 1G oe a 2 L l ll a e s s P ei nap 3 E Ea ile ve kd e er ee a Sua 3 2 K TO H 5 A m 0 em A KE Po 5 Z2 MEM ME Ru HG n Ue EA 6 2 NB sd oe cok 000 Be o E Ge es mi dd z a s T 75 AAA p Ha GENEE T 2 Barrel Moto VELO aa B RUR oL ie UB a SS 8 2 049 ON Sica A sa 9 Doses AMET ete a 77 7 7 9 2 3 0 Beam hole veto MN 4 4 xd Ns hk en ii RR 10 00181000 10010150 AE ers s ess mm s k b da A Sas 10 OO SERA TIS Das Sd EST MAS ad 11 3 02000 VetoH CV 14 Su H AAA A AA 14 Jd AA AI 17 o T COML ero oe a id 18 920 MARE CANE amami e ess a deg a 20 NS 9 2 AA 20 OO 5 e 7 57 21 3000110 AGE 5 s s E LT CT 22 3 34 acedentaldoss tr oh a Boek de 25 mim Kl Gl NOMAD que ee m k b cg lt a 28 SS ul E DINE PA E 29 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC 32 AMPLO MM WEEN 32 11 33 CR HN Y RRE 34 Ae WWE DAR AI A 35 AS MON MELE sever mii kiki A AS quie
57. 450 500 550 600 650 nm Fig 5 2 Y110000000000000000000000000000 U U U U DO DO 0 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 U D DO 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 DO 0 U 0 0 0 0 UD 0 UD U 000000000000000000000000000000 loss D 0 00 0 00000 10em D 0 D 0 D 0 5m0000cCv0o000000000000000 520 Y11 0 U U U U 0 D DO BDO DO U D ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 Uii B 0 0 0 UD 0 UD U 0 00000000000000000000000cvooo0o0000000000 2000 U 0 0 D 0 DD D D 0 0 D D D D MPPCA 0 0 D D 0 0 0 0 D D D 0000000000000 U U 0 D D D D 0 D D 0 0 0 D D D D D D D 0 ELJEN O EJ204 EJ2122 0010000000 0 530 E2040 D D D D D 0 D 0000000000 5 40 EJ2120 D OL D D D D D D D L U U D DD 0 D D D D 0 D DD EJ2120 00 EJ204 D D D O D D D D D D D EJ212 00000 U U D a 0 D D DD 0 0 DD 0 0 D D D D D YTL D D D D D D D D 0 D D D D D 0 D D 0 D 0 00000000 3240100 EJ212D0O0O000000000000000000 EJ212 U U U U 0 D DO BD 0 0 D DD ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U B U 0 0 0 0 UD 0 UD U 52 000000000 47 EJ 204 EMISSION SPECTRUM Physical and Scintillation Constants Light Output Anthracene D I w scintillation Efficiency photons 1 MeV e eg 10 400 E 06 Wavelength of Max Emission nm 408 Rise Time ns un 04 Decay Time ns 7 Pulse Width FWHM 1 ns x No of H Atoms per em x 107 xun 0 2 No of C Atoms per em x 10 4 88 No of Electrons per em x 4109 3 33 00 Db op so
58. 5cm 00000 rear CV Cet 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 D 0 D dada gg gn n K e v nln 111 S Tens Ea Naa 0000 000000000000 U U U 0 00 0 U U DU 00 0 ODO 00 0 0 U U U 0 0 0 0 0 UD U UD 0 00 0 U U DU 00 U U D D D D 0 D D D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 DD DD CY 00000 DD 00 DD D 0 DD D 0 D 0 D mm D D 3mmQ 0000000 200000000000000 Cal DDD 0 0 0 D 00 01000000 CVODODODO 200000000000000000000000000 00000000 2000000000000000 CVy0000000000000000 inner inner CVOOOOOOODOOOU 000000000000000 00000 0 00000000000000 CVO 20 10000000 front CVUHHUUUHHHHHHBHHHHHHHHHHHEHULLL LLU 1 0000000000000000000 cv0o000000000000000000000 00000000000 CVO CsI00000 CVOO000 70 0000 CVODODO 00000000000 00 Ze U 0000000000000000000000000000 32 K TO HBEHEHg 19 TESS CV 24cm 15cm KLE h 1 9m 25cm front CV Rear CV 2517 1 X 5 Fig 3 6 CVOO00000000000 000000 CVO Cal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 U 0 0 CV D Cal 0000000000000 301000000 2 K gt et DU LU U 0000000 0 DD U U DU D U UD U E 00000 0 0 0 0 U U U D UD UD U 000000 0 tL U U U U D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 UU front CV Cal D O 25em J D O rear CVQ Cal D O 000000000 0210 00 CY DUDU UU U UD 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 0200 D 0 0 0 D U 0000 U U front CVU 24cmx24cm rear CV 11 15emx15em HHH rea CVpopo0o000000000 36000 000000 Cell 030 LEV D D D D 0 U 0 D trent CV D 0 D 0 U
59. 6 0 0 00000000000000 D D D D D D D 0 000 0 0 000 U U UD U DO U U D U U D U U D U U D 0 0 D 0 0 UD 0 U D U U D U 0 D U U UD U U U 0 0 UD UI 00000 vont D 00000000000 107 00 0 timing window 319000000000 3130000 U U D U U U 0 0 0000000000 timing window D 0 0 D D U D U 00000000 U U UD U U D U U D U U UD U 0 D U U D 0 0 UD 0 0 U 0 U 33 L L T T T T T T T T T T T T T T 25 timinig windou ns 2 5 3 3 5 4 timing resolution of detector ns 0000000000000000 0 0 0 timing window 10000 ront CVJ 00000 reae CV D D 0 D D D D D D 0 D D UE 0 HUUHHHUHLHEUHHHHHHHHHHHHUHULH 3180000 U U D D 0 0 0 0 0 D 00000000000 veto timing window 3 3 4 accidental loss timing window 0 0000000 accidental hit timing window J 1066 000 UD D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 D D U accidental hit rte 000000060 U signal D loss U D D D D D D CVO timing window D D D D D D D D D D D D LI DU accidental loss U 0 0 0 accidental hit rate 0 0 0 Uj accidental rate LI U U U 0 D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 ur D 0 D 0 D 0 D hil 00 0 D H D accidental rate 0 O O O Nat U U U 0 D U 0 D 0 D 0 010 CV accidental hit T J event D O00 Nj 0000 U D D D D D DO D D D D proton on target O Naam D D D 1 spill 10 U O proton on target O spin 19 0 D U LI LI Nhit Noo acci
60. 9000000000 AMPULLRU 43 CV MPPC 41 Entries 49999 Mean 211 8 RMS 45 24 d a ao k foo 150 200 250 300 350 400 AL 500 DC gt F Fig 410 20 C AV 1 3VQ 00 ADC H H U 1000000000000 490000000000 0000 0000000000000 000000 ATPD D 0 0 D 0 0 D D D D D DD 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00000000000000000 MPPCULLL 20 C 15 C 10 Q 5 Q 0 QO 00 5 U U UD D 0 D D D 0 D 0 0 D D D 0 D 0 1VvO0070000000000000000000 4 119 4 120 4130000000 4 1100 MPPCLI D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 0 000MPPC0000000000000000000000000 412000000 1APD U U U U 0 D DO BD 0 0 D DO ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 llt 0 25 000000000000000000000000000000000000000 U U UD 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D DO 0 D ODO D 0 D 0 gg illu 41800000000 000000 00 00 0 DD DD DDD 000 DDD DDD 000 D 50 0 0 000 U U D D D 0 D 0 0 0 D D D 0 D 0 0 MPPCO000000000000000 LU U U UD 0 UD DO 00 0 0 D 0 U 0 L 43 2 00000000000000 U D 0 D 0 D D O D D D D 0 D D D D 0 D D 0 D D D D D D D D 0 D D D D LED DD 0 UL MPPC 1photo electron U 000 ADC D 0 D 00 0 0 D D D 0 D LEDO of D D D DU L 000000000000000000 ADCOOOOO0O0 0 4149000000 000000 0 00000000000000 ADCOOODOODOOOODOOOD event 0 D D D D D D D U U gate width I D D 0 D D D D D D D D D D D D 000000 00 On photo electron 1000000000000000000 2 20 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 event 000 NYU D 0000 N n Rin ie width x DDODOL 42 4 Multi Pixel Photon Counter MPPC y
61. D 0 D 0000000000 PMTOOOOUO O OO ht000000000000000 4t0000000000000 K TODOD CVU 00000000000000000000000000000 K TOD Cvp LU U 0 D BO U UD DO DD OD D U U 0 DU pmm U O smm 0 0 0 0 0000 0020 D D U 0 0 IA ANA AA EE Hann Hap EA HS OR LEE ER SE S785579 UHHHHEDELEILHHHHHHHEHHELL LE HHHHHHHLLLELL 31700000 LU U U 0 0 000 D 00 UD D D 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 D D D U U U D D 1 117000 temo 0 U 0000 0 00 0 0 E DO OOOO paa O DO l HHEH DAD 00000 ARANA AA AAN JANO E ANA AAA e ERES EO AA AA E B E AE IEEE E 9 TRER OOO 0 3 180 E391a 00 PMTO 0 0 0 UU MPPC ugug U U D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0000 AOBO HHR DO OD ODO DDD OOO OD OOO ODO DO To 1140 EE U U 0 D 0 D D 0000 D D 0 PMT DD 0 0 D U 0 0 0000000000000 MPPC 110 EE a PR STTS i Di h B t Hay EEEL EIER E HA est E EE EE E E EE EE E E OO 0 3 190 mip D D D D D D 25photo electron 3mm 000000000000000 00000000000000000010 220000000000 GU immi Y110 UNU 470nm 520nm 0000000000000 PMT H7422P 40 D 0 0 0 D GaAsP D D 0 DH D D D D D D 580nm 40 000000000000000 MPPC 500nm 0 40 0000000000000000
62. D D 0 D 0 D CT D D D 0 D D D 0 0 230 D D D D D D D D UI 0000 PML D D D D 0 D 0 D 0 D U D Dad U D 0 D 0 0 0 590000000000000 000000000000 10003000 coincidence D D D B D D D D DE D D D UE UE 0 D 0 clock generator HOO D D D OO D D 0 D D D D D D DO D D CE D 0 U U U 0 D 0 0 0 D D D U UD D D D 0 0 0 D D 00 clock generator 000000000000 U 0 0 DDD D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 0 0 D D D D D 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0000000 DO ADC D 0 DD 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 MPPCO gant D D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 522 0000 00000000 1 photo electron 000 Iphoto electron 0 000 2 1 06 2 000 event D D DEL DL UO D UO UO UO D 000000000 energy depodit D D 00 50 5 000000 CY DUD U VYFU I e beam Fig 58 U U U 0 U D UD 0 0 D 0 U U D D U D 0 U U U D U U D 0 U U UD U U 0 0 0 0 U D D U 0 common trigger scalar scalar MPPCFAADC gate tri ADC gat TkHz clock rigger AH gate veto gate generator switch width 300ns tdc start tdc self stop out put register gate generator fan in fan out latch mode Fig 59 000000000 Dad U 0000 3 100keV energy deposit 000000000 100000000 0 00 0 0000000000000 ADC D 0 00 O 1photo electon pedestal O O gaussian Y fit 000000000000 photo electron D D D DD D D D 0 5100000000000 event 0 0000 gaussian D fit 0 5 11 photo electron 00000000 photo electron B mip peak pe
63. D D 3900MHz 0000000000060 LU U U 00 0 U U OD 00 0 U U D UD 00 0 BDO U 00 0 0 U UD UD 0 00 0 U U UD lut U ht D 8000000000 3310008000000 00000000 0000000000 U U D a 0 D D 0 D D D 0 0 D 0 D D III 300MHz 150 60 5 000000 CY DUD U 0000 MHz 00000 00 ns m Table 5 6 O0 0000000000000 AMPQO 0 DDD D D UG 93 408 D 0000 20MHZ 0000000000000 function generator 0 0O 0000 amp U 00000000 U DU UD D 0 0 D D D D D 0 D D D D 5600000000 ampQU0000 150M4Az0 0000 OU 10011 D D D D D 0000000000 D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 0 0 D 0 D UI U DU D DD D D D D D 0 D D D D D D D D 0 0 D D 0 HZ D 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 D D D 0 D D D U Function oscilloscope generator Fig 5 20 D DU BH U 0 B 0 B U 0 D wolta 25 time s 0200000 530000000000000000 00 150MHz D DL D 0 0 LL D D D 150MHz DAD BO DO DO utut U U 0 00 0 0 UD UD D 0 000 000 0 U U U UD U 00 0 0 0 U UD U 00 0 0 0 UD U U U 1 0 0 0 1000 FH 0 D 0 0 D 0 D UD D 0 D 0 D 0 D U 0 0 D 0 0 0 D D 0 L 000000000000000000000000000 0 522000 0000000000 U D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 660 0 0 0 0000000000 UU U DU U U DU U U D U U U T 61 E DU A A 5 7 gig LFE D D DD DD DD m 00000000000 2000000000000 1 co 0 D 0 0000000000 0 1440000000000000 126000000000 0000000 000000000 00000 500 0 0 00 000000000000000 485200000000000 y ndf 4 82 4 po 0 4615 0 8955 pi 48 52 0 1645 output charge pC
64. DD D 100keV D D D D D D D D D D D D D D signal 000 1410000 0 15 CVO Veto DD 000 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 00 00000000000 20 n 1 7 0 K om IDD 000 20 CsiR hut D DD D 00000000 7 DO0O 00000 vetc00000000 16 3 VetoH CV Fig 33 CV 0000000 CV r 000000001 DO CY CY 42 0000000 20000 70000 CV 07 0000 CV r 000 0 330000000 CV 7000000000839a000 Csi00000000 2000000 H 0000000000000000000000000 70700 400000000 40 010000 20000000000 7 00000000000000000000000 U D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 CV 00000000000 D CV 00000000000000 CV00000000000000000 00010 00 700 Cal D DDD DD D D 0 0 0 DD 0 D D 0 0 D DDD D D 000 0 0 DDD 0 0 0 DL 000000 CYV0000000000000 2000000000000 00000 270 0000000000 70 2 D D 0 0 0 DD 000 200 0 0 00 00 0 0000000000 U U U U 0 D DO BD ODO U D ODO U D 0 UD 0 U 0 U D U UD U U 0 0 U 0 WD 0 0 0 UD 0 UD U OO 2000000000000000 CVOOOOOOOO0 E3Ma D 000 000000000000004 TO000000 20 U 0 0 0 DDD D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 0 DDD 0 CY DD 0 0 0 00 0 DDD L U U 0 DD 0 000000 E319a 0 D 0 D D D d D D D D D D D D 0 0 0 D D D DE D D D 0 D 3 1 1 3918 17 Outer charged veto y N LightGuide F a
65. L 0000000000000000 7000000 CVODODODODODOO cv 0000 CV D D D D 0 event DD D D D 0 0 0 D D D 000 Cal 0 D D 0 0 0 LI event Csi HELE 0 0 00000000000000000000000000 CsiH HUL v 00 0 D event D 00000000 event DDD CVO 700000 enent energy D O 0 000000 A 2 accidental rate 000000000 70000000000000000000000000000000 JOB a H DO DO DO DD OD DO DD OD BO OO OO EBD UOOUOUULULULULDULDLL LL ODO DO DO BDO DO DO ODO DO DO ODO DO DD DO DD DT IDH U U D D 0 D D D rate D Appendix A1000000 100keV D HU energy deposit D D D D event 0000 000000000000000000000000 200 0 0 0 0 00 hit D DD D 0 10 DD accidental hit D OOOO x N N o U ct ES EE LIO LIO LC r3 Ou Lir LO n L3 3 0000000000000000000 00 0 6000 1100010000000 00000 0000 102 Appendix A 0000000000 L L U U U U U U 000 D 00 00 0 D 0 UD U DU UD U U U UU U 0 U U U 00 U U 0 0 D 0 UD 0 UD U LU U U U DO BO 00 ODO DO 0 UD 00 D 0 UD 0 U 0 U U 0 D U UD 0 U 0 U D U U 00 0 0 U U U U U 0 D DO DD 0 0 D DO ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD U U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 ll UD U EE Elele he EEE Eee E Ele La AU EE 000000000 00 weekly meeting D 0 0 0 0 0 OOO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 U ED REL ER n n n na all A BE ET BOBO 0 0 UD 00
66. O 90 100 time ns Fig 5 14 O00000 000 convolution B D E DJ 0 0 function U D 7 exponential 0000000000 0000 MPPC 50n 00000 0 0 0 00 0 000 0 HI OOO 1 e00000 U U U 0 00 0 U U U 000 0 0 U U D U 00 U U U D U U 00 0 U U D U 0 0 U UD D U 0 U U D D D D D I coincidence U MPPC ID L 00000000000000000000000000 LANDODODODO PC D 0 ooo 12 100000 sS0900 000000000000 0000000 000000000000 0 1GHz D D 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 D 0 DD D D 0 D D D D D 0 0 D D 0 D 0 D D D 56 20000 2 5000000000000000000000 400 43000 MPPCO0000048s00 000000 N 667 x 80 CO 120fFH RH 160k0 0 O 0 9 9 U U U U U U U U U UL Lt t 99 Table 5 2 1photo electron mip T E eC DD ms 900000 Tv 1photo electron QO OO D 20 mip 30photo electron en HUHHHHHEHHHHUHHEHHHEUHHHHHHLEHUHHDUL 2 20403100000000 0000000000000000 00 13mmH MPPCO 80 gangng A DOO DD D D D L H 0 0 00 000000000 20 Qi MPPCQ AV 1 3 D 110event 0 D D D HEUHEHEHEHHEHHHULL 5 00 00000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000 51600000000 MPpC Q 000000000000 OO mp0000000000000 155 500000000000 0000000000 0000000010 exponential 000000 AMPOOOOOOOOOODODOOOOOODODOOU 1 15 5ns 64 5MHz000 0000 CY DD 000
67. U U U 0 D BO BD ODO U D 0 U 00 D DO 0 U 0 U U 0 D U UD 0 U 0 U D U U 00 0 ll U D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e O PR QH Sila 57 Tg Tc 9 5 11 U D D D D DD CY 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DD DDD CY D U U D D D D 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 D D D 0 0 DDD 0 0 DD D D DD 0000 0 D MPPC U U U 0 00 0 U U DU 00 0 0 0 UD D U 00 0 0 UD 0 0 0 0 0 UD U UD 0 00 CO U U DU 00 U DO 40mmQ 00000 4mm 7000 1270608 1000000 53700000000000 0000000000000000000 COD D 00 DD 000 DD 000 D 000 00 LU U U 0 00 0 U 000 0 U U D D D BDO 0 U UD U CLE 0 0 0 UD U U 0 0 U U UD OE CEU C 0 LI U D 00 0 D DO BOO D 00 0 D D D D D 0 D 5 3S D UD DUD UD 00 0000000000 0000 SCH20 D D DD DD 00000000 DD DDD DDD 0 0 0 ABL Components 520AB1000MB 0000000000 88x100mm 000 35mm 0000 1 4 W0000000000000000000000000000 MCDpC D 00 DD DDD 0 L MPPCp D D D D D D D D D D D D MPPCT D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 57 000000000 2 72 ET D L ET D L Fig 536 HHUHHHHUHHEHHHUHLD pn U U U DU 0 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D DH 0 0 0 0 0 000000 0 1 000000000000000 000 00000000000 0 0 000000000 20 CD D D D 0000 0 0 00 0 0 0 D D U DADO BO 0 0 DO D D D D D 0 0 D D D D D D D 0 D 0 D D D 0 0300 00 0 0000 000 U 0 20 001000000000000000000000000000000 DC DD KIKUSI 0 PMC185 0000000000000 0000000 05400 155400 0054090
68. a ur Table 54 0 DD D D D D D DDD D D D D D U Rt Rf Rg R1 R2 R3 RA Cl C2 Gain flatness 0 1 dB 100M Hz 0000 55mW 5V 5 5mA 3dB 1 0 O 880MHz G 1 000000 1200V usec 0 1 Settling Time 10 nsec EL TOMA Input Offset Voltage 2mV Input Voltage noise 2n V N Hz Input Current noise 2pA N Hz Table 5 5 AD8001 0000 000066000000000000 000000000000000 56 00000 0000000000 eer 104pg00000000000000000000000 0000000 1020 000000000000000000000000 5190 000000000 5000000000000000 104x10 2 2 53300000000 OOO amp 5V00000 5500000000 VO 500000000000 94mVx5x10 2 2 35V D 0 0 00000000000000000 ADS001000000 70mV 000000000000 AMPO00000000000000000000000000 0000 35mv 0000000 50000000000000000 12V000000000 000 55 2 000 AMPODUDO AMPOODOOOOO0 1 impulse 2 000000000 00 3 6000000000 00 99 U U U U U U U U U U U U L 59 Fig 5 19 5180000000000 4 0000000010 0400000000 920000000000 0 000 Function generator Agilent 332504 80MHz Function Generator 0 AMPO KIKUSUI PMM 18 2 5DU J 0 0000 0 Function generator OO 0000 bns U 0 D 0 DD 00000000 eli DD 0 00 D 0 D D 0 D D D D D D 0 D D D D HR H O impulse U D L 0000 Function generator D 000100000000 118 D D OL D D D D D impulse 00000000000000000000000000000000000 521000 function generator H O 00000 575 U D D 0 D 0 0 0 D D D D D D D D D L U D D 0 D 0 D DD D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
69. a 36 ENE HERE PQ O A Up A ND Cord Pd sd eo 4 40 zo pp pep oe I E t D E CAAT E 7 41 EA A 44 9 000000 CV DD 45 e E RK E sh 45 SL o s Spat b Ae S 3 45 50 AN CIA 6 A 47 Contents Mt A Aa a LU U U U U 0 0 Lm but A ETC NERE EE ER EE fn Pa l a es EES ee 1 it de EI o ESE P S 1 i hii 40 TET i L E Ed E 1 ESSES EEE E E il CC EEE CN 1D 10 E Es e EA L MEP OIG CE e 2530 2154 are masi Keerd mr 5 9 6 ERE A m STAN EE 00000000 uniformity 0 aS ne kalev NE 2 0 6 4 LL O O Cd 6 1 6 2 6 3 000 000000000000 CV Ti TIPI MPPCO D D D D D D D D D 00 00 101 Appendix 101 101 101 TOE D D 0 0 D 0 0 U accidental rate 0000 Append Al DO D D LI A 1 A 2 1 K HGG JU U 0000000000 k m 200000000000000000000000000 UYUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU 11 00000 000000000 CKM matrix 0000000 ij 000 CKM matrix O D D D D D D D 0 0 0 0 D D D D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 AAA EIKI PL TENE hi EEE aT li AAA ANNA AAA 0000000000 CKM000 Az 00000000000000000000 111 CKM I CKM matrix Vud yu Vub Vorm Vea Ves Ve 1 1 Via Vis Veo 00000000 0 0 Wolfenstem 0 000000 210 1 A 2 A Ad p in 1 A 2 AX 1 2 AX 1 p in 1 LU U U 00 0 D 0 00 D D 0 D 0 D D 0 Lt Vio
70. dental rate N spill Lspill 0000000000000000000000000000000000 10000000 H proton on target H 3 99 x 1011 1spill H O O proton on target 2 04 x 1020 1spill 07500000000 3 143 159 0 3200000 3 14 0 0 accidental hit rate J D D D D 0 0 0 U U U D 00 00 CY DU00000000 0 0 U D DD 0 0 0 0 0 D D U 26 3 VetoH CV 3 8 2 0 9 a pet MeV CV 11 energy DO HH E H D accidental hit rate OOOO accidental hit rate Ky accidental hit rate tal hit 00 CV energy deposit L H UU UU energy deposit 1000 00000 7 0 000000 0 accidental hit 00 00 0000 0 0 3 150 accidental jp D 00 D 0000 D D 01700000 32000 CY energy deposit 100keV accidental ratel CY DD D 1 768MBz D 0000000000 EL E E E E accidental loss Y 0 0 accidental loss 33 DO00000000000000000 27 Z N front CV Humber of event k 60 70 80 90 100 10 20 30 50 module ID m module ID Fig 315 000000000000000 CV configuration O 0 0000 front CVT rear CV OOO 1
71. destal photo electron Y O O 00000 100000000000 000000 energy deposit 0100000000 000000000000000000 mm D 0 000000000 600MeV c 0 D 000 L 53 000000 l energy deposit 0100000 0 5120000000000000 mp u 470keV energy deposit OOO O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000000000000 100keV U D 0 D 0 D D 0 D 0 D D D D D UD D U EJ2120 00000000 3mm 25photo electron U U D 0 0 D DDD 2 10 D DD D D DD D D D DD 0 DD DDD 0 DD 00 DD DD 33 200 0000 00 0 100keV energy deposit Ti O O 3photo electron HOO D 0 0 C D D D D LI LI LI U U U UD 0 D DO BD ODO DO ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 0 UD 0 UD U OO MFC D D 0000000000 D 0 0 0 0 0 DD 0 0 DD DD D D 0 0 0 0 DD 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 0 DDD D D D D EJ204000000000 ADC D DDD DD DDD ADCO DO 1photo electron peak Fig 5 10 000 L U 0 U event uu LU U U U U UD 00 U 0 L 00000000000 120 2355 158 4 125 100 80 60 40 20 HO 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 Fig 5 11 DD D D U LL D D U ADC D 0 D D D 0 D event 00000000 ADC 000000 mp000 0000 0000 53 000000 MPPCO gain D 0 D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D MPPCO D 0 D AMP 0 D 0 D D 0 0 LU U 0 0 DDD D D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D D D D D 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 0 00000 2 Sava 00 p e mm 100keVQ 00000 p e 100keV 8 3 EJ212 7 0 15 5 34 0 096 204 10 08 0 11 6 43 0 07 Table
72. ectron 0 J J 20 n 0 photo electron 0 0 0 1 46MHz D 0 D D DD DD DD D D D D D 0 0 0 0 000000 0 54pp0 D D D D D D D 20 CD 000 5 C D 000000 20 C 000000 3 40000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0000 0 00000000000000 3060000000000000 000 58 00000000 000000 00000000 DO im EJ2040 000 U U U U 0 D 0 U 00 0 0 D 0 D 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 U 00 ui t U U U U 0 UD 0 D ODO U U U 0 m U U U 0 D 0 D 0 D D UD U U UD 0 UD 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 U U U U U 0 00 0 U U DU 00 0 0 0 UD D U 00 0 0 UD 0 0 0 0 0 UD U U 0 00 0 U U DU 00 U 76 5 O00000 CVODO DIE E SUTT Psychrometric Chart T PRA al Z 2 p SH ZS 14 X MRE gm Water gm of Dry Air K SS 0 010 D PAL v SL m 77 SL Fig 541 OOO D D 0 DO DO 0 0 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 0 D D 0 0 0 D 0 D 0 0 0 0 D 0 00000000 00000000000000000 0000000000000 DO 1kg 000 000000000000000000000001 1007 001000000000 LU U UD 0 UD DD O 0 0 ODO U U U U U U U U U U UD 0 U 0 D 0 UD 0 D 0 0 0 0 U 0 U U L U U U UD 0 D DO BDO DO DO ODO U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 ull ll HOUUUU 200000000000000 4200000000 aa D D 0 0 D D 0 0 LU U U D D D D D 0 0 20300 0 I D D D D tmm 0 D 0 0 D 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 D 0 D 0 U pagada doo D 0 DD 0 DDD CY DDD 0 DD 0 DD 00 D 0 D 0 DD D D 0 D 0 D U U U U UD 0 D DO DD ODO U D 0 U 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD 0 U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 ull UD U 0000000 lmm D Y110000000
73. i B hii ipi i lu RSR EEE 99T adaga HR RER Ebe UJ 00000 1 00000000000000 0 38mm0 00000 00 0000000000 2 000000000000000 0 20000000000000000000CVOI00000000000000000006 U U U U DO DO 0 0 0 0 D 0 D OD 0 U D DO 0 U 0 DO U UD 0 U 0 i WB Bd Bp ut 100 8 UI U U U U 0 D 0 U 0 0 0 0 D 0 UD 0 U 0 U D 0 UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD U U 0 0 U 0 U 0 0 0 ull t AO BO BOBO DO DO DO DO ODO DO DO DO DO ODO a GE B TE llt U 0 0 D 0 DD D 0 0 0 D D 0 D D 0 0 D D D D 0 0 0 0 0 D D 0 0 0 MPPO 0 0 0 0 0 D D 00000000000 s ki D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 0 Cat D bit D 700000 U D D D 0 D UI UU Main Barrel D 00 CVO har D 001000 veto D D D D D L lons D 00000000000000 1060 D D 0 0 80 0 DD CY DDD D 1 300 0 0000000000 CVHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHULHUL 000000000000000000000 201100 101H0u11H1H11H1111H11t 000000 0 0 000 0000 010 20101000000000000000000000 UYUUNUUUUUUUUUUUUUU 101 D 0 rate MHz other particle Table Appendix A 1 000 0000000000 0000000 000000000 KR Oni EE ECH gi 0000000100000 tin ri halo n 1 000 7x0 00000000000000000 Appendix A 0000 0 0 0 000 L 00000000 ron 9 0 HERE sr 00000000 fsstOoO0000000000 0000 X D000 event tag D 0 D 0 D 0 CY D 0 D D D D D D event D 0 D CY 0 D D D HPLPP l RARA e MAA ST REST ulu Ellin energy O energy deposit 1 hit D D D D 0 0 OL 0 C 0 0 D D D D D D D D
74. l 70 5 O00000 CY UU L U U 00 U UD 0 0 DO DO 0 U UD 0 0 U UD 00 0 D 0 U U nik pl U UD 00 U U 00 U UD DO 0000000000000000000000000000 0010 000 DDD 0 0000 00000000000000000 00 000000000000 SIV KJO00000000 1c KJ 00000000 ZKJ00000000000 0100 0 00 0 0 1100000 Ky 00000000000000000 oc PR Qc SI Tc gt Ty Tc 9 5 10 Fig 5 33 O0000000000000 0 1mm0O0O00000000 605mmt 0000000000 71 U UU DU I XA A A K d i LI _ lm E 1464 D im Edd d IN A HMM ik EEE 8684 gg AA TI EEE S i B E een sunun 2 S es es iar TI ora m FL LI MEH M E aa RE EE RUDA V H M OO s CD saj oo wt Rat b A i ma VE M AO Dolo D E Si O A es c LA FT que eL ill 111111 e O C muri T 4 m I 2 Sm e CI oO militi TT F R b Pes a T EEC E CT oO E mi 4 MI D k s BE oooooooooooo n Li LJ rr P so adi ET 18 sb Oo RES lli HH 000000000 000000000 HO z0 05mm I HO DL BE BLU DI 0000000 LI LI MPPCOOOOOUO00U000000000000 MPPC Table 5 9 72 5 O00000 CVODO LU
75. m E Mu cat r bt gt ARP ST T TT 2 TT mx E 4 5 r B Fig 5 24 00000 MPCCOOO 64 5 000000 CY DUD U NA n x sind 5 9 0000000000000000000000 00 D D D 0 0 D 0 0 0 DDD D 0 0 0 D 0 CV 0000000000 10000 NAHHH 072000000000000 46 00000 000000000 20000 moi 0100101010000000000000 00000000000000000000000077000000000000000000 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000 MPPC D D D D D D D 0 0 0 D D 04mm 0000 4000 1000000101 0000000 942000000 EEE RECHERCHER 144 144 EE 0155770004 pi 0000000000 MPPCODO 150000 10000000 000000 configuration 0 0 0 0 0 lmm 0 0 D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D D D D D 0 D D D D Cimo D 0 D D 0 0 D 0 L 000000000000 0 lmm U D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D 0 D D 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D 0 0 0 H U U U U 0 D DO ODO DO DO OD 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD U U 0 0 U 0 U 00 0 ull tL U D D 0 D D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 D 0 MPPC00000000000000 527000000 U 0 0 D 0 DD D 0 0 0 0 D D 0 D 0 0 D D D D D 0 0 0 0 MPPO 0000000000000 MEHRAN HERB HM GE AE E 00 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 05mmQ 1026 D 0000000000000 MPPCO NU 0000000000000000000000 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 28 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 2mmby 000 0 3mmp 0 0 000000000 00 000 526000000000000000000 1 MCDC D D D D D D 0 D 0 D 000 D 0 0300000 0 6mm 000000000 U D D 0000 2 xD 00 20200 y U D D 0 3mm0 000000000 MPPCHHHUHHHULU 000000000 U 20000000000000 LEN TI SMPIPCHE RETE Ph DCEO EEE a HERB LLL BRE A HTH
76. ni 1400 4 or 15054 mm n sl 150mm aue eV Csl d 3 1 E391a1070000000 E391a1000 0000 3400 3580080000000 00000000000 0000 CsED D D D 00000 50cm00000000000000 outer CVE inner CVE U D D 0 D D 0 0 0 DD 0 D D D D outer CVO 10000000 340000000000 6am U D D D O 0000000000000000 320000000000000000000 U U D DD 0 0 0 D D D 8329000 20000 000000 veto U D D D D D D D 0 D D ime CY D D 0 6mm D D 0 D 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D 0 L 0000 340 0000000000000000 400000000000 stu ur 00 0 0 L 18 3 OOOO VetoH CV KL 00000000 veto 391la 0 0000000000000 Kr DUU 0000000000000000 sinal DDD 135x100 D 0 040590000000 000000000000000000000000000000 iy 000 E391a0 0000 00000 6 iui 000 00000000 0 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 8GeV el 70 00 EA lis 44 00 4180 DER ada 00000000000 inner CV 0000000000000 00 0000000000000 00003 040o0000 0000000000000 0000 0000000000000 1 inner CVO O 0 0 0020 0 0 D D D D UO 6V D E 0 0 2 0 0000000000000000000000000000000 Ce 7 EE 0 20 0000 ao E Bi o ee o ET ET ETE Turi D EE EE EE E eE E 32 K TONOOOOOO0DO 00000 E3914000000 1 7 0 00000000 K 70g 8800000 CV0000000 3 600 3170000 VLL 3 6 0000 20000000 front CVOD D D L rear CV D D D front CV Cal D D D D 2
77. oo0o000000000100000000000000000000000 BST DDD DO DD EO DEB DEBEO DEO LI C e TPE El aN SIR al 2 LH BO DEL ELO D DO OE D DI L 3 000000 4 MPPCODODODODODODOO 9 MPPC 0000000 A EO Be Oe mu EH uu BHB A AAA AAA HB H B N B Ban 51 0000 front CV TI O rear CV D D D D D 7em 000 310 0 DI 000000000 4HHHHHHHHHHHEEHCVELEHELHLH 3as00 0000000 100keV O 3photo electron 000000 CY DD DD DD D D D CV lH Ht ia ti lilii Hii A 010 ab 0010040 00000000 0 5100000000000 1000mmx70mmx3mm 000000000 lima O limmg 00 1lm og 7800000000000 000000000 U D D D D D 25cm 0 0000 MPPC000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0000 MPPC U U U U 0 D DO DD ODO DO OD 0 U D U UD 0 U 0 U UD U UD U U 0 0 U 0 UD 0 0 0 ll tL 00010001000100000 DO dogo ogg D 1000000000 000000000000 1000000000 CY DD DDD D D D D D D D D D D D D D Lr 00000000000 CY00000000 K TOOOOOOOOOO0 EL LL p H LL LLL 0 0 0 0 immp 04 0 0 0 00 0 0000000 YTL D 0 0 0 0 00 Non StypeQ DO Stypeti 0 46 57 5 DD DD DD ON DD A SCH 3 EN 5 N CORA x 7 y N Y ba P P d E 350 400
78. r 00000000 Cal veto D D 0 D D D DO MPPOnp 00000000000 veto D 00000 n photo electron 00000000 DU DD DD DD DD DD DD D es D n photo electlon D D 0 00 0000 0 Nin timinig window D 00 20000000000 250000000 Tell 00000000 Nov 000 0 timing window n photo electron H U U D D D D 0 0000000000 0 000 P000 P Na n x Ty 7 1 0000000 n 3000 Na n O 200kBz O timing widow D 000000000 14 6ns 0000 A 3x10 00000000000000000000 coincidence 0000 0 7 2 100000 MPPC U D D D D U UI UI UI l 97 00 2000 P Na n x Ty 72 00000000000 600000000000 5000000 2405 000 25x10 0000P0P00000000000000000000000000 HERR Pa P x Po 7 3 Dodo ev a 1000000000000 0000 E E 100 0 00 0 0 DO OO ODO 0 0000000000000 ide P Do 7 4 CNG x T Nan x Ty X tov 7 5 U U U U 0 UD 000 DU D 0 DUD 0 0 0 DU D EEE CE 004 040 EE D 0 0 0 U U D D D D D 0 0 D OD 0 D D 0 D D D D D D D U D D DU accidental loss 0 1 72000000 0000000000 coincidence J D 0 D 0 B B B 0 D 0 0 D D D D D D D UO D HU 0 0 0 LU LLL LE LLL TSTST eee EE in MP Pe LTDL DR ALOE ndon U U D D D 0 D D 0 0 0 D D 0 D D D 6111 0 D D 0 00 20000000000000 40000000 1068 00 0 0 0 D D D 2photo electron 0 100eVp 0 D D 100keV O O 3 8photo electron HOO D BH D D D B D D C D D D D 0 D D D 7 D D D OD 21 11 31 0 132x5 x2 98
79. wn votege temperature vs brakedown votege xz indi 12771 A indi 2 20511 E po 68 81 0 01335 0 05895 0 002046 634 A 69 5 A D 169 3 N N 1694 69 2 Y Y 369 3 69 15 We p 69 1 68 9 69 68 8 2 4 6 B 10 12 Sna 2 4 E 8 10 12 s ra Fig 6 11 MPPCOOOO 660 0 2 6 3 1 000 6 1200 613830000000 energy 000000000 000 0 0 0 D D D D U 0 0 U 0000 even U D 0 event 0 O L coincidence 0 D 0000 LU U U U U U U U 0 00 U 00 0 0 U U U U U U U U U U U cut Hi U U U U U U 0 U 000 6140 0 0 DD 0 ADCT t9 0000000000000000000000 ted 00000000 gaussian 6600000 61590900000 ADCO OO gaussian fit O O photo electron O O O00000 gain pedestal HO 0000000 min D DD DD DD D DD MIPOOD pedestal 0 D O photoelectron D D 00 0000000000200 0 0 6 1706 17 D D U U D D U 0 U U D U 0 U U U D D U U 0 D 0 y 00 00000 0 6 44 0 15p e 100keVO D O O D D x 700mm 0 5 64 0 48p e 100keV peda DD D D D 0 00 0 U 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 4 23 0 1p e 100keVvg 0 DB O O x 58mm D 3 67 0 31p e 100keV 0000000 y 30 0 00000000 6 58 0 16p e 100keV 0 0 0 0 000 x 995mm H 5 21 0 45p e 100keVp D OO OOO 4 45 0 11p e 100keV D D 00000 x 58mm 0 3 8540 33p e 100keV 00000000 OHO CVHH 100keV HU 3photo electron

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