技術機関誌 SINEWS: VOL 56 No.1 (March 2013)
Contents
1. 10 HPLC HPLC MS MS T 1 Kazuhiro Imai Analytical Sciences 14 257 264 1998 2 Kazuhiro Imai Makoto Tsunoda et al Procedings of Japan Academy 75 Ser B 224 227 1999 3 Tomoko Ichibangase and Kazuhiro Imai Biological Pharmaceutical Bulletin 35 1393 1400 2012 4 Akiyo Koshiyama and Tomoko Ichibangase et al Biomedical Chromatography DOI 10 10021 bmc 2811 2012 5 Tomoko Ichibangase Yasuhiro Sugawara et al PLOS ONE e45483 2012 http dx plos org 10 1371 journal pone 00454832. Li 1 2011 2 i 68 221 2012 3 67 261 2011 4 th 66 207 2010 36 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 5
3. 30 4 28 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 D 0 2 ug 5 0 9992 2 0 06 ug L 0 2 ug L 0 20 0 001 ug LE 9 100 GERM CHDK ZA3000
4. 1 000 10 HT7700 HT7700 50 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 N E W PR O D U C T S UV EE Zone
5. RKC OAM ONA FE SU3500 UVD BSS lie bide oie bic a 80 0 0 ei 910 0 sive 1 me e Combination of Dynamic Hollow Fiber Liquid phase Microextraction with a Hitachi L 2000 HPLC for the Determination of UV Filters in Cosmetic Products Hongyun Yang Haifang Li Masahito Ito Jin Ming Lin Guangsheng Guo Mingyu Ding 3 10 TEM EELS Li Bee p 16 S l navi UH5300 py ZA3000
6. 7 0 02 V V 1 5 UH5300 4 268 7 nm 0 4518 267 nm 0 2217 2 04 6 000 nm min TI Terr pre pee TE te pF ee er hp te eg et eon E 205 260 207 2608 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 nm 4 O 0 3 nm
7. 3 N jN PAPC HF pH oy pH 60 S A0 PAPC e Zr PAPC ng NSR PV SS ee 1 pH
8. HPLC CA D CA 2
9. HPLC A B HPLC Cav BES KE Lnano LC MS MSI lt ft MS MS MS MS
10. LiCoO A Li FePO 0 lt x lt 1 1997 Padhi
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12. 30 kV STEM imaging with lattice resolution using a high resolution cold FE SEM Reduce the electron damage in atomic resolved SEM observation using aberration corrected electron microscope Observation of the fine structures of green energy materials by a high resolution FE SEM HT7700 42 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 4767 30 kV STEM MOS LSI SEM RSH cease
13. 46 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 4771 TECHNICAL DATA S Inavi http www hitachi hitec com Sinavi ZA3000 ZA3700 H Introduction of Twin Injection Technology on Model ZA3000 and ZA3700 men ZA3000 ZA3000 ZA3700 Polarized Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer oon AA No 128 647 2012471245 BWR FOES aTZA3000Y U AICHE NERA BU Ap YAY AY Ye Vayve77UuY
14. kk kkk 30 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 IM4000 oS A Zao yk gt 4755 2 IM4000 1 FF SURAT AR IL 5 W X5 D X2 H mm SRE LIC yy MNRE 1 a 9 30
15. 2 LC MS 10 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 NanoFrontier eLD nano LC MS T LC nl min A 50 um LC 1 100 EST nano LC 3 PyII
16. UH5300 UH5300 1 UH5300 2 UH5300 2 1 UH5300 GPad LAN 1 UH5300 iPad
17. 3 2 4 a 4 b RO Sn b 3 VY tim JU Hit A td rs BA Pe Si ac T BSNS Ra I ep SAN a b 4 32 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 IM4000 3 3 Li 5 a
18. N RIA ELISA JST
19. b UVD 2 UVD 38 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 SU3500 UVD 4763 3 UVD 40 Pa S N 5 kV 20 Pa 50 Pa UVD S N 30 Pa UVD 3 Fo S N 3 5 kV 2 6 10 A
20. 4 Pyll fax OF TSB PyII nano LC MS 2 nmol 1 mM 2 ul L L GABA L Dopa 20 nmol 10 mM 2ul PyII ak L PyII PyII 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 100 mM 1 ul 100 nmol 0 05 M HCI 1 pmol 10 pmol 4735 nano LC MS LC ODS MonoCap for FastFlow ODS Monolith Trap A 0 1798 2 EB 0 1 27 98 A B 98 2 0 min 2 98 50 min 200 nmin
21. 5 5 1 1 250 fmol 625 fmol 313 fmol 156 fmol Ofmol 500 fmol 3 4 dihydroxybenzylamine DHBA DHBA 500 fmol 5 10 WE Lo 2M9 VJ Yy AAM pH 12 20 pH 9 PyII 7 100 mM 1 50 15 PyII PBA MonoSpin PBA GL PyII PBA 100 mM pH 8 0 05 30 VSM CAH Le 0 22 um DURAPORE PVDF 0 22 um MILLIPORE nano LC MS nano LC MS
22. Cs a Fig 1 BF STEM image of the single crystal silicon a Before Cs reduction b After Cs reduction Specimen Single crystal Si lt 011 gt Acceleration voltage 30 kV 44 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 Fig 1 b Cs 30 kV BF STEM Si 111 d 0 314 nm FFTT Cs Si 111 EET Si 200 d 0 272 nm Fig 2 30 nm MOS Si 111 a z a ee ao SS 3 a ae 5 She A a Pr ET s p Pe x z i PT Pos Bi ho ma 1 en ai a 3 5 a 4 Cai TEAM a T
23. E 13 PyII PyII C 1 5 C C 1 C C 1 rad C 3
24. 1 mm Intensity Ol O 340 2 ESENS il A oo oA MM OC 1 A J n 322 0 326 8 331 6 336 4 341 2 m z 0 8 PylI 7 Pyll DA contents fmol tissue 10 000 lt 3 000 8 000 800 3 000 400 800 200 400 100 200 lt 100 Interaural 10 2 mm 1mm 9 14 S ILNEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 tal KALI CPS gt o HPLC
25. 200 kV 2eV 0 2 eV 10 Fe L 706 eV 712 eVv 31 2 2 Li FePO LiFePO TOR NO BF Aldrich gt 95 LiFePO FePO Li gFePO4 FePO Lil High Purity Chemicals 99 9 24 Cu TEM EELS
26. FIB Focused Ion Beam SEM Scanning Electron Microscope NB5000 STEM Scanning Transmission ElectronMicroscope HD 2700 48 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 4773 ED N E W P ROD U C T S Chromaster5000 LC Chromaster5000 LC K 1 LC 2
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29. 40 9 10 9 11 11 15 3 14 15 3 4727 Hongyun Yang Haifang Li Masahito Ito Jin Ming Lin Guangsheng Guo and Mingyu Ding 1 Introduction Sunscreen cosmetic products are widely used in the world to prevent radiations emitted by solar radiation and especially UV radiation UVR which lead to sunburns and carcinogenesis Sunscreen cosmetic products generally are prepared as creams lotions emulsions or sprays A variety of UV filters are added into the cosmetics as strong absorbers reflectors or scatters of UVR 5 It has been docu mented that organic UV filters can result in some dermatological reactions during exposure to the sun light 7 and be
30. 1 a d 0 5 mm T EC 1 6 9 12 14 15 1 b um GE 20 W X12 D X7 H mm 15 2230 240 30 2 Ly 13 16l mE PAIL Y b EET ALR OV y S Y 2 1
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34. SOD1 2 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS BBL UC HE WCRI ee HPLC MS MS
35. 3 C 0 Py Py 0 C 3 Py 3 2 Py 0 Py 3 LC MS Py 0 Py 3 LC UV MS 3 T PyII C 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 PyII 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2 7 1 MS 7 2
36. 1001 energy map Li a 2 LiFePO 3 FePO Li FePO Li 5 a Li FePO c energy map 4 b 5 b LiFePO FePO 5 a a LiFePO FePO LiFePO FePO b ji LiFePO a TEM EELS Li 4 Li FePO 4743 T12 711 Fes FePO 710 709 Fe LiFePO 708 Energy loss
37. 2 2 2 UH5300 x GMAWAFA7ZAIUY A kkk
38. nano LC MS PyII inter assay 625 fmol 8 PyII PyII 0 328 2 m z 328 2 2 7 m z 328 2 inter assay 625 fmol m z 330 2 332 2 334 2 336 2 338 2 3402 30 nl 6 9 7 30 nl S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 13 4738 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 30 nl 7
39. 2 1 1 2 D HRI 3 2 1 35 uLX2 70 uL 1 000 mg L Pd Mg 5 uLX2 ZA3700 Pz ZA3000 1 ZA3000 ZA3700
40. UV Vacuum Storage ZONESEM SEM 60 mm ZONETEM TEM STEM FIBH SEM 3 ZONESEM ZONE ZONETEM ZONE S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 51 4776 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS S Inavi S ILnaVi
41. iPS 12 10 52 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 AEC CI ZFF iid URL http www hitachi hitec com Science 105 8717 1 24 14 03 3504 5833 FAX 03 3504 7756
42. 2006 7 RoHS THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 6 6 RoHS 6 UH5300 6 6 542 nm 0 0 8 mg L R 0 999 7 UH5300 3 2 DNA DNA 260 nm TO
43. SEM THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 1 2 90 30 kV STEM MOS 2012 73 2012 9 11 14 TEM STEM Si SiO NAND ONO ZSEM H SU9000 30 kV STEM Scanning transmission electron microscope Si 111 d 0 314 nm Fig 1 a FFT Si 111
44. SEM 2 IM4000 2 2 NB5000 HD 2700 Structural characterization of magnetic material by NB5000 and HD 2700 Ca im nanoDUE T NB5000 HHD 2700 NB5000 Focused Ion amp Electron Beam System HD 2700 spherical aberration corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope STEM No FIB No 21 2012 10
45. oe GII GA oe a vay blest oty le se Gir HTZ700 STEM HE H ig Some applications of STEM instrument on an HT7700 to materials HT7700 Model HT7700 Transmission Electron Microscope No TEM No 140 2012 10 120 kV TEM HT7700 STEM BF STEM DF STEM STEM TEM BEF STEM TEM DF STEM HT7700 TEM STEM
46. 2011 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 41 4766 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS Reduce electron damage in atomic resolved SEM observation using aberration corrected electron microscope A Study of crystal lattice fringe observation using the 30 kV STEM Application of selected diffraction with STEM to some materials FIB STEM FIB SEM Cryo transfer observation of vitreous ice embedded liposomes using 120 kV TEM Applications of Hitachi tabletop microscope TM3000 30 kV STEM MOS
47. SEM 10 7 b SEM 4 l wj P AJ 6 i C y Le bil gt i AA a ie we Pot od a y eo 3 3 nm 4 b P j ei _ WASI _ gt J s d am a Li gt s eF A 7 7 Fa r3 rt gt ES HE fa A b r ve 3 r S f y i p ka 2 a aO A 4759 4 2 Li IM4000 Li SEM 8 a
48. SEM 48 246 1992 SEM 66 ZS 205 2010 61 P 97 2005 66 P 197 2010 9 SEM SCANTECH 92 p 15 1992 10 E 3200 HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS Vol 34 No 4 p 24 1991 11 FIB Q amp A 2002 6 7 8 TECHNICAL DATA 12 SEM No 131 SEM 13 SEM No 133 E 3500 14 SEM No 136 IM 3000
49. Li BITC SUT N 2 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 17 4742 Es E amp Es E E Energy loss eV THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS Energy loss eV 3 EF mapping energy map a pb c energy map NMP 20 um 15 mm
50. 36 2012 7 14 15 2 1 60 2 kV 1 000 S 3400N SEM MSS GeO SG IV AS 2 5 5 V x10 0Uk 2 5 90 2 kV 10 000 S 3400N S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 43
51. DHBA S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 11 4736 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS L Glutamic acid Vv Intensity 24 36 Retention Time min Intensity 3 nano LC MS Pyll m z 322 2 LC m z 7 m z Noradrenaline v Intensity O1 O 24 36 Retention Time min Intensity 4 nano LC MS Pyll m z 344 2 12 S I LNEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 Hl 4737 Histamine Intensity O1 O 36 Retention Time min Intensity 5 nano LC MS Pyll m z 286
52. keep oe ear eres FARATE KET HTH ARICA CHM SS 7D OG EJE b ER audio BC Ss Co CRA ZEAE Clk E N Pe V SASHA TAR Fez AK Fe THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS UVD Km Re
53. hk SUS 2 B State of Charge SOC SOC 0 Li 100 Li SOC 10 50 90 SOC TEM EELS Hitachi FB 2100 Focused Ion Beam FIB 18 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 3 3 1 Li FePO 4 Lij FePO TEM 4 a energy map 4 b
54. 2 1 2 2012 079110 3 10 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 15 4740 Lithium Intercalation Mechanism Analysis in Lithium Iron Phosphate Using TEM EELS 1 Li R 1 Li Li LiCoO
55. L EEF mapping ii FePO Li aFePO c 4745 a LiFePO Zo 0 SOC 50 9 SOC LiEFePO FePO are EF mapping Hi Li MX ie L1 A K Padhi K S Nanjundaswamy and J B Goodenough
56. 5 kV AiR ER 30 Pa 50 70 Pa S N 5 kV S N 30 Pa Ultra Variable pressure Detector UVD UVD 1 UVD SU3500 1 2 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 37 4762 2 UVD 1 UVD SU3500 2 UVD
57. 4753 2 hgL ND 0 2 pg L 0 20 0 001 100 4 1 ZA3000 A SINEWS September 2012 Vol 55 No 2 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 29 4754 Introduction of the IM4000 optional device 1 IM4
58. IM4000 2 1 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 31 4756 3 IM4000 3 1 3 a Pb Sn a THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 3 b Pb Sn
59. 7 XAFS XAFS CEY Conversion Electron Yield XAFS XAFS 100 nm 10 SOC 90 SOC 50 SOC XAFS XAFS energy map 20 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 XAFS Li SOC 100 SOC O XAFS MXAFS 40 60 SOC 7 XAFS SOC TEM EELS Li
60. PURPA 26 IM4000 e Ce 30 37 42 47 Chromaster5000 LC 49 120 kV TEM HT7700 50 ZONE 51 S l navVi 52 https members hht net com sinavi 4726
61. 96 3 0 002 mg L 1 10 0 0002 mg L 0 2 ug L 1 70 LL 35 uL lt se 3 mmr 200 mL 200 mL 200 mL 0 mL 200 mL S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 27 4752 1 ug L Sb 0 5 ug L Sb 0 ug L Sb THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 2 ug L Sb 0 2 ug L Sb 600 s 4 1 5 ug L 5 1 000 mg L 5 uL 0 2 ug
62. IF a i I pl S AW 177 HITACHI ea Technical magazine of Electron Microscope and Analytical Instruments XZGS NEES TLTRRA J Big dream small dream and finally ego 10 W B
63. SOC 90 SOC FePO 10 SOC LiFePO 50 SOC energy map XAFS LiFePO FePO LiFePO FePO LiCoO0 SOC Li 4 Li Li
64. MS MSIEORO AY vy AEM m z 100 500 10 YB GABA L Dopa 1 pmol 1 pmol 10 pmol 3 4 5 m z 322 2 3442 B62 PyII 0 322 2 344 2 286 2 m z 2 7 7
65. nei E ASS S20 hee ert 2 r oth cme Geet BSS E Pore TARRY Il Bante Eha mT CE ak luce uxam ET ere Wott hay ee u p he a arom ae mes Tyas RTE EEJ ee aaea 1 OPT Ye ed re a TEH anpi L ay ao amti LET SEM TEM Semevolution J https members hht net com sinavi https members hht net com public privacy html
66. NMA5 1 02661 0 54562 0 00224 6 9 4 Az 0 000000 Abs 0 664829 0 004446 2 0 999743 0 00005 0 03699 0 07287 UH5300 UH5300 OSL iPad Safari Apple Inc Microsoft Windows Microsoft Corporation 0 13907 0 27459 0 53359 7 6 24 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 25 4750 Introduction of Twin Injection Technology for ZA3000 Series Polarized Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophtometer Re RT 1 2ZA3000
67. 2 2 D HR ZA9000 eee 1 ZA3000 ZA3700
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69. 15 SEM No 139 Ar 16 SEM No 142 E 3500 17 SEM No 147 FE SEM SU8000 Li 18 SEM No 149 IM4000 4761 Introduction of New Ultra Variable pressure Detector UVD for SU3500 VP SEM 1 1 100 Pa 2 40 2000 Pa 50 80 Pa
70. 5510 CDS NIN N2 3 5510 50 150 C 20 m 1 Empower3 Chromaster Ver1 1 Chromaster5000 LC S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 49 4774 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS ES THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 4775 EESTI N E W P RO D U CT S 120 kV TEM HT7700 4 8 4 x 4
71. Combination of Dynamic Hollow Fiber Liquid phase Microextraction with a Hitachi L 2000 HPLC for the Determination of UV Filters in Cosmetic Products 4729 UV filters The working standard solution 0 1 500 mg L was prepared daily with appropriate dilution of the stock solution with methanol All of the cosmetic samples were purchased from local markets Sample of about 0 010 g was dissolved in 2 0 mL n hexane completely through ultrasonic at ambient temperature for 5 min then centrifugated at 5000 rpm for 3 0 min The supernatant was filtered through a 0 22 um membrane and nitrogen dried at 60 C and then diluted to 100 mL with de ionized water The prepared sample solution was stocked for the HF LPME procedure 2 4 Dynamic HF LPME device The extraction device used in this study con sisted of external tuber hollow fiber and microsy ringe pump Fig 1 shows schematic illustration of the HF LPME extraction system Q3 2 Accurel poly propylene hollow fiber was cut into 3 7 cm hollow fiber segments Those hollow fiber segments ultra sonically cleaned in acetone for 15 min and dried in the air A disposable flow control valve line for the visiprep DL as external tube was installed on the sample injection syringe Then aqueous sample of 0 6 mL was loaded into the syringe The hollow fiber attached onto the microsyringe needle was inserted into the visiprep DL external tube and then 10 uL acceptor phase was filled i
72. 500 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 39 4764 4 4 1 20 Pa 3 kV UVD 4 4 a UVD 4 b th 4 c THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 4 2 30 Pa 15 kV 3 kV UVD 5 4 a b UVD c UVD 20 Pa 3 kV 3 000 a 5 a 15 kV b 15 kV UVD c 15 kV UVD d 3 kV e 3 kV UVD f
73. 312 0057 11 1 029 354 1970O HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS
74. EE Energy Filtering mapping 3 EF mapping 3 a 9E t n 3 b 4741 a b b c energy map 3 c Gatan GIF Tridiem Hitachi HF 2000
75. TEM EELS L 2 LiFePO b Li Ws EE SAK BLE Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy EELS Li Li 2 21
76. 3 7 Extraction of UV filters in cosmetic products In order to test the applicability of the HF LPME method to real sample the proposed procedure was applied to analysis the cosmetics purchased from local super market After the pretreatment of origi nal cosmetic samples all the cosmetic products were extracted under the optimum HF LPME conditions and the existent amount of the UV filters in the cos metics were determined and listed in Table 3 The OMC was contained in all the test cosmetic prod ucts BZ3 and ES were presented in most of the test cosmetic products Whereas ODP was not found in some analyzed samples The determined results were in the accordance to the service condition of the UV filters Hence HF LPME method enables the precise determination of UV filters in cosmetic products Fig 5 shows a chromatogram of a cream sample with and without spiking of 5 mg L ES and lmg Lt of the other four filters after HF LPME extraction 4 Conclusions In the present study a simple and effective dynamic HP LPME method was introduced for determination of UV filters in cosmetic samples combined with HPLC analysis High extraction efficiency was obtained by continuous injection of sample into the extractor to accelerate the extrac tion This dynamic HF LPME method with the advantages of rapid speed low cost and convenient operation were successfully applied to the investiga tion of UV filters in cosmetic products
77. 4 L5 6 krd 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Combination of Dynamic Hollow Fiber Liquid phase Microextraction with a Hitachi L 2000 HPLC for the Determination of UV Filters in Cosmetic Products 4733 Chatelain E Gabard B Photochem Photobiol 2001 74 401 406 Sayre R M Dowdy J C Gerwig A J Shields W J Lloyd R V Photochem Photobiol 2005 81 2 452 456 Imanaka N Masui T Hirai H Adachi G Chem Mater 2003 15 2289 2291 Norval M Cullen A P de Gruijl F R Longstreth J Takizawa Y Lucas R M Noonan F P van der Leun J C Photoch Photobio Sci 2007 6 232 251 Diaz Cruz M S Barcelo D TrAC Trend Anal Chem 2009 28 6 708 717 Diaz Cruz M S Llorca M Barcelo D TrAC Trend Anal Chem 2008 27 10 873 887 Giokas D L Salvador A Chisvert A TrAC Trend Anal Chem 2007 26 360 374 European Directive 76 768 EEC and its successive amendments basic act 31976L0768 Japanese SCI Japanese Standard of Cosmetic Ingredients Yakuji Nippo Ltd Tokyo 1985 FDA Department of Health and Human Services 21CFR Parts 310 325 700 and 740 RIN 0910 A A01 Sunscreen Drug Products for over the counter Human Use Final Monograph Federal Register Rules and Regulations 1999 Salvador A Chisvert A Anal Chim Acta 2005 537 1 14 Salvador A Chisvert A Anal Chim Acta 2005
78. SU8000 an SU9000 Its characteristics and application data SU9000 Ultra high Resolution Scanning Electron Microscope SU9000 No SEM No 148 4474 2012471048 SU9000 SU9000 k SU9000 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 47 4772 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS IM4000 HE H 2 General features and some applications of IM4000 Ion Milling System IM4000 Ion Milling System IM4000 No SEM No 149 2012 10 FEL SEM
79. 1 U 2900 2 7 SInavi 7 3 2012 8 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 23 4748 23 6 6 6 U 5100 UH5300 iPad 6 5 4 2012 181302 3 3 1 6
80. 7 a SEM aie CRB TAL 8 b 7 b 7 a 8 mw ew 4 he 1 b S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 35 4760 Mich IM4000 F SEM
81. k kkk 26 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 1 ZA3000 4751 2 1 2 en 2 3
82. 22 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 UH5300 CSV i 4747 CSV CSV 3 LAN 3 Windows PC 2 2 300 W 70 W 75
83. 3 kV UVD 30 Pa 3 000 40 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 SU3500 l UVD 15 kV 5 a UVD 5 b 3 kV 5 d UVD 5 e f T 4765 5 UVD 30 Pa S N 5 kV UVD 1
84. As 0 1 mg L 50 mL 8 4 20 In Hokkaido 2012 9 20 21 9 G012 10 26 RR 10 683 G012 11 14 16 11 Recent advance in analytical techniques for steelmaking industry 2012 11 19 Introduction of Model ZA3000 Polarized Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Analysis of Antimony in Steel Samples 12 9 G012 1 1 22 Ph I EA N N
85. LiFePO FePO FePO LiFePO FePO 2 LiFePO 4 FeO eee RE Se ek RE Sid tt ig bc PO 1 Li 1 AWARE 2 RA WERENT 3 16 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1
86. 8 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS Time min Figure 5 Extraction of a blank cream and a cream spiked with 5 0 mg L ES and 1 0 mg L of other four target ana lytes by dynamic HF LPME with HPLC UV a Cream sample analyzed by HF LPME HPLC UV b Spiked cream sample analyzed by HF LPME HPLC UV 1 BZ4 2 BZ3 3 ODP 4 OMC 5 ES Table 3 Five UV filters found in real cosmetic samples after applying the proposed HF LPME method Cosmetic UV filters in cosmetics g 100g products BZ4 BZ3 ODP OMC ES Cream N D 2 02 N D 2 36 4 35 Cream 2 56 N D 4 32 3 28 N D Cream 279 ND N D 1 58 3 12 Cream 0 60 ND ND 4 42 2 03 Cream 0 54 N D N D 4 20 N D Lotion N D 2 35 N D 2 46 2 02 Lotion N D 3 42 N D 2 42 N D Lotion 142 2 96 ND 3 62 4 18 Lotion 2 32 4 51 N D 3 88 4 06 Lipstick N D N D 0 8 4 38 N D Lipstick 1 48 N D N D 4 39 N D Foundation N D 412 ND N D 3 23 Foundation 2 82 4 34 N D 4 04 N D Home made 2 43 3 36 4 03 4 16 7 08 Home made 1 30 1 68 1 26 1 54 5 70 a N D not detected 5 Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education No 20110002110052 References 1 van der Rhee H J de Vries E Coebergh J W W Eur J Cancer 2006 42 2222 2232 2 Armstrong B K Kricker A J Photoch Photobio B 2001 63 8 18 3 Serpone N Dondi D Albini A Inorg Chim Acta 2007 360 794 802
87. were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Steinheim Germany and were used as standards The chemical properties of the standards are listed in Table 1 The solvents of toluene n hexane propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate PMA and dichlo romethane were of HPLC grade and were obtained from Sigma Aldrich Phillipsburg NJ USA HPLC grade methanol from J T Baker Phillipsburg NJ USA and de ionized water purified by a Milli Q ultrapure purification system Millipore Bedford MA USA were used as mobile phase in HF LPME Acetone and other reagents were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works at analytical grade The Q3 2 Accurel polypropylene pp hollow fiber membrane 600 um id 200 um wall thickness and0 2 um pore size was purchased from Membrane GmbH Wuppertal Germany Disposable flow con trol valve lines for the visiprep DL 1 0 mm id 500 um wall thickness and 50mm length from Supelco Bellefonte USA were used as external tube The 10 uL syringe Shanghai China was attached with the hollow fiber to fill in and recover 4 I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS Table 1 Analyte abbreviations Structures Log K and pK of five UV filters Name Structure Log pK E Benzophenone 4 HO 0 89 0 7 BZ4 1 O och O S 0 OH Benzophenone 3 a 3 79 7 56 BZ3 l 2 Ethylhexyl 4 d Hae O 6 15 2 39 imethyl N it ae pe aminobenzoate H3C ODP 2 Ethylhexyl 4 O methoxy
88. r s EE Fig 2 BF STEM image around the gate oxide Specimen 3X nm NAND flash memory Specimen thickness 30 nm Acceleration voltage 30 kV Amino acid analysis of peptide based on the regulation method ER Analyses of Biopharmaceuticals using Amino Acid Analyzer Summary Quantitative analysis of amino acids is required in several fields including biomedical research bio engineering amino acid metabolism and food science Moore and Stein developed the first automated amino acid analyzer AAA com bining cation exchange chromatographic separa tion of amino acids with postcolumn ninhydrin detection This method is excellent in stabil ity and repeatability Recently the production of biopharmaceuticals such as immunoglobulins and erythropoietin has increased greatly As the majority of these biopharmaceutic
89. 4 Effect of extraction sample volume on the HF LPME method Extraction conditions sample containing 25mg L of ES 5 0 mg Lof other four target ana lytes extracted by toluene at 3 0 mL h ambient temperature 3 3 Effect of flow rate Generally speaking the extraction efficiency could be enhanced with the increasing extraction time before the equilibrium reached The extraction time could be controlled by the injection flow rate Combination of Dynamic Hollow Fiber Liquid phase Microextraction with a Hitachi L 2000 HPLC for the Determination of UV Filters in Cosmetic Products 4731 of the sample in this study Therefore the flow rate of the sample solution played a significant effect on the extraction of the dynamic HF LPME The flow rate in the range of 0 5 7 0 mL h was considered and the result showed that the extraction of five UV filters have no significant fluctuation at the range of low rate lt 2 0 mL h However the extraction was curtailed when the flow rate was higher than 2 0 mL h This result might be due to the fact that the extraction equilibrium could not be reached bal ance under the very high flow rate condition Finally the flow rate of 2 0mL h was chosen for subse quent experiments 3 4 Effect of salt concentration The addition of salt to aqueous sample decreases the solubility of analytes in the sample and increases their partition into the organic solvent through changing so
90. Japan Prof Jin Ming Lin Dr Haifang Li techniques solid phase microextraction SPME B32 and liquid phase microextraction 3 in terms of high speed high sensitivity and convenient have been recommended to be more convenient tech niques than LLE and SPE The most widely used extraction materials of SPME are fragile and expen sive Furthermore carry over of sample is some times difficult to be eliminated for extraction and injection performed in different steps Single drop LPME SDME methods I based on a droplet of a few microliters of organic solvent at the tip of a syringe needle have become the most extended approaches However the droplet easily dislodges from the needle tip of the syringe during extraction especially in the case of vigorous stirring Hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction HF LPME technique based on the principle of mem brane liquid microextraction 3 is employed as an alternative liquid microextraction The micropores of hollow fiber can confine organic liquid solvent inside of the hollow fiber which prevent solvent loss during extraction The large molecules and extra neous materials in sample can be prevented due to the selective transmission of the micropore mem brane Furthermore micropore structure increases a large specific surface and supports a more amount of extraction phase volume HF LPME is an efficient sampling pretreatment method with many advan tages such as simplify high
91. The pH values had positive effects on the extraction efficiency of OMC and ES This phenomenon was in accordance to the pK and could be explained by the molecular properties of the five UV filters According to the chemical structure of five UV filters Table 1 most of them have the hydrophilic groups and the UV filters were proton ated at high pH values which make their partition much more into the aqueous phase and reduce their transportation into the organic solvent Thus UV filters display a high affinity for organic solvent in low pH values and good extraction efficiency was achieved in acidic pH environment The chemical structure of OMC indicates that only hydrophobic groups exited can not protonated and the molecules of OMC and ES could hydrolyze easily in acidic pH environment leading to low response Then it was observed that the better extraction efficiency for five UV filters were accomplished at pH value of 2 after taking all factors into consideration Therefore pH value of 2 was maintained throughout all the work 3 6 Method evaluation As shown before the best extraction efficiency was obtained under the following condition 0 6 mL of sample solution at no salt addition in acidic envi ronment acceptor phase of toluene sample injec tion flow rate at 2mL h Under the optimized conditions limits of detection LODs linearity and relative standard deviations RSDs were investi gated The calibration curve
92. UV filters was extracted The different sample vol umes in the range of 0 5 2 0 mL were performed As shown in Fig 4 the extraction efficiency increases with sample volume increasing and reaches the maximum up to 1 mL volume When the the sample volume higher than 1 mL the extraction efficiency was not further increased This is due to that the extracted amount of UV filters was increased with the sampled volume increasing until the extraction reached balance On the other hand acceptor phase slightly percolated through the micropores of hollow fiber during the sample continuous injection which may lead to a little decrease of extraction efficiency The adsorption capacities of 10 uL toluene were reached to 40 ug of BZ4 45 ug of BZ3 4 7 ug of ODP and OMC and 23 ug of ES respectively F Don Cm et CN re RR SSSS CK TO m ie a ee PTCA TUTOO NR TORY UA DOA DR TATATATA TTT MONI NN ar TU CH TTT DE CE CC ilii T SOSS am aratan D Z O E bo ay oO ANS ii TUE I Ty eee SSSSS Sir SS MANN Cs Ce ka PLEIN Hill ill SS int i iil s i Re os il TE mi mimi ce iin stat WII Satta that SN OK KK D ill 0 7 Sample volume mL V Figure
93. eV a TEM b energy map 5 Li FePO c energy map Li a b LiFePO FePO energy map LiFePO FePO 10 nm 5 a b LiFePO FePO Li T X H energy map NL Ek 3 2 6 SOC energy map Li S
94. efficiency and low cost The HF LPME can be classified into static HF LPME and dynamic HF LPME The static HF LPME is per formed by jointing a hollow fiber on a microsyringe S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 3 4728 needle and immerging into a stirred sample solu tion Dynamic HF LPME was developed by con tinuous injection of sample solution into the extractor to well contact with the acceptor phase which con tribute to high extraction efficiency and shorten extraction time Ouyang et al 6 has introduced the kinetic calibration for automated HF LPME In the present study we developed a simple dynamic HF LPME device for pretreatment of five UV filters in cosmetic products which followed by HPLC analysis The cannular extractor was assem bled to realize continuous flow microextraction The sheath structure of the extractor made the sufficient contact between the acceptor phase and aqueous sample and led to high extraction efficiency The main parameters of dynamic HF LPME were investi gated and optimized Under the optimized HF LPME conditions the proposed dynamic HF LPME pre sented good extraction efficiency for five UV filters in cosmetic products 2 Experimental 2 1 Reagents and materials 2 Hydroxy 4 methoxybenzophenone 5 sulphonic acid BZ4 gt 96 oxybenzone BZ3 gt 98 2 eth ylhexyl 4 dimethyl aminobenzoate ODP gt 98 2 ethylhexyl 4 methoxy cinnamate OMC gt 99 2 ethylhexyl salicylate ES gt 99
95. ne oe z ie H H Cinnamate OMC a 2 Fthythexyl YY 5 97 8 13 salicylate ES OH a Name International Nomenclature for Cosmetic Ingredient INCI elaborated by CTFA and COLIPA P Values obtained from SciFinder Scholar Database http www cas org products sfacad 5 80 the acceptor phase The 1 0 mL syringe was used to continuously introduce the sample into the extractor Two micro syringe pumps Baoding China were used to inject the solutions during extraction 2 2 Chromatography A Hitachi L 2000 HPLC system supplied by Hitachi High Technologies Tokyo Japan consisted of a wavelength UV detector Hitachi L 2400 with a standard flow cell a quaternary pump with online degasser Hitachi L 2130 an autosampler Hitachi L 2200 and a column oven Hitachi L 2300 The sep aration was performed on a reversed phase C HPLC column Lichirospher ODS 5 0 um 4 6 mm X 250 mm Merck Millipore China The mobile phase was a mixture of methanol pure water 80 20 v v The five filters were separated within 25 min at flow rate of 0 8 mL min The column oven was controlled at 40 C and UV detector was set at 310 nm 2 3 Preparation of standard solutions and cosmetic samples The stock solution was prepared in methanol weekly The concentrations of BZ4 BZ3 ODP and OMC were 1000 mg L while ES was 5000 mg LH respectively And the stock solution was stored in the dark at 15 C to minimize photodegradation of the
96. 000 IM4000 2010 SEM T1IM4000 E 3500 3 2 18 Li IM4000 a Az LE ia 2 IM4000
97. 2 Ratio DADHBA 500 1 000 1 500 DA fmol 6 DHBA 6 DHBA PyII 5 2 HE 30 um ASLMD 1 mm 30 um 30 nl 7 5 10 DHBA 500 fmol 500 nM DHBA 0 05 M 1 ul PyII PBA
98. 537 15 24 Tarazona I Chisvert A Leon Z Salvador A J Chromatogr A 2010 1217 4771 4778 Rodil R Schrader S Moeder M J Chromatogr A 2009 1216 4887 4894 Oliveira H M Segundo M A Lima J L F C Miro M Cerda V J Chromatogr A 2010 1217 3575 3582 Giokas D L Sakkas V A Albanis T A J Chromatogr A 2004 1026 289 293 Negreira N Rodriguez I Ramil M Rubi E Cela R Anal Chim Acta 2009 654 162 170 Giokas D L Sakkas V A Albanis T A J Chromatogr A 2005 1077 19 27 Scalia S J Chromatogr A 2000 870 199 205 Shih Y Cheng F C J Chromatogr A 2000 876 243 246 Vidal L Chisvert A Canals A Salvador A Talanta 2010 81 549 555 Gaspar L R Goncalves P M B Talanta 2010 82 1490 1494 Schakel D J Kalsbeek D Boer K J Chromatogr A 2004 1049 127 130 Smyrniotakis C G Archontaki H A J Chromatogr A 2004 1031 319 324 Moeder M Schrader S Winkler U Rodil R J Chromatogr A 2010 1217 2925 2932 Negreira N Rodriguez I Rubi E Cela R J Chromatogr A 2009 1216 5895 5902 Rodil R Moeder M J Chromatogr A 2008 1179 81 88 31 32 33 34 35 36 Rastogi S C Jensen G H J Chromatogr A 1998 828 311 316 Negreira N Rodriguez I Ramil M Rubi E Cela R Anal Chim Acta 2009 638 36 44 Sarafraz Yazdi A Amiri A TrAC Trend Anal Chem 2010 29 1 1 14 Hylton K Mitra S J Chromatogr A 2007 1152 199 214 Zhang J Su T Lee H K J Chromatogr A 2006 1121 10 15 Ouyang
99. G Pawliszyn J Anal Chem 2006 78 5783 5788 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 9 4734 Quantitative analysis of the rat brain dopamine using mass spectrometry 1 MS LC LC MS RIA ELISA
100. I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 19 4744 Fe gt Fe THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS LiFePO 712 Fes FePO 710 709 Fe LiFePO 708 Energy loss eV 6 energy map Li a 90 SOC b 50 SOC c 10 SOC SOC 3 4 um 90 SOC M 6 a 3 10 SOC 6 c 2 Li 50 SOC 6 b 90 SOC 2 EEF mapping energy map T XAFS X ray Absorption Fine Structure
101. J Electrochem Soc 144 1997 p 1188 2 G Rousse J Rodriguez Carvajal S Patoux and C Masquelier Chem Mater 15 2003 p 4082 3 S Terada T Hirano N Hashikawa and K Asayama Jpn J Appl Phys 48 2009 p 011203 4 S Nishimura G Kobayahshi K Ohoyama R Kanno M Yashima and A Yamada Nature Materials 7 2008 p 707 L Laffont C Delacourt P Gibot M Y Wu P Kooyman C Masquelier and J M Tarascon 18 2006 p 5520 L6 C Delmas M Maccario L Croguennec F L Cras and F Weill Nature Materials 7 2008 p 665 7 G Chen X Song and T J Richardson Electrochemical and Solid State Letters 9 2006 p A295 8 Nov 2008 p 313 L 5 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 21 4746 Introduction of HITACHI UH5300 Double Beam UV Visible Spectrophotometer 1 EEG RAT A DG SE AK LA
102. RRO DNA DNA DNA 8 DNA 9 DNA DNA DNA DNA 260 nm ug mL 10 ug mL 100 1 5 uL 4749 8 DNA1 0 05365 0 02821 0 00106 t A BDNA2 0 10791 0 05842 0 00319 DNAS3 0 20335 0 10793 0 00064 DNA4 0 51108 0 27201 0 00215
103. S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 33 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 4 IM4000 IM4000 7 ML 4 x ae JE Bape FSM RHE IM4000 SEM SEM 6 34 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 IM4000 41 Li Li SEM 7 a Li
104. als are proteins produced by the cell culture the control of cell culture conditions and confirmation of amino acid components of product is very important In this presentation we will present several AAA applications amino acid monitoring of Cell cul ture medium Amino acid components analysis of monoclonal antibody often used as a model sample for biopharmaceutical Food Safety and Environmental Safety for Human Health Introduction for Hitachi ZA3000 series Polarized Zeeman ASS S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 4770 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 7 6 1FS 2012 9 19 21 HPLC
105. come environmental pollutants when they are discharged into the living waste water 185 1 Lists of those approved UV filters with their maxi mum allowed concentrations in commercial products have been set by regulatory authorities in USA Europe and Japan 33 Therefore it is necessary and urgent to establish convenient quantification methods for determination of UV filters in cosmetic products In recent years various pretreatment and ana lytical methods have been used to determine UV filters 4 5 Based on the literature liquid liquid extraction LLE H6 11 and solid phase extraction SPE 8 201 as the most commonly sample pretreat ment methods have been used to extract UV filters Other extraction techniques such as cloud point extraction supercritical fluid extraction micro wave assisted extraction 3 have also been pro posed for concentration of UV filters The extraction pretreatments always combine with high per formance liquid chromatography HPLC 21 27 liquid or gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry GC MS 6 21 28 30 or size exclusion liquid chromatography 3 With recent development of microextraction 1 School of Science Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrument Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 3 Naka Division Hitachi High Technologies Corporation Hitachinaka 312 8504
106. ction efficiency including types of extrac tion solvent sample volume sample flow rate pH values and ionic strength were assessed A series of 0 6 mL of sample solution spiked with 5 0 mg L of ES and 1 0 mg L of the other four UV filters were extracted in triplicate Impurity Analytes Organic w Liquid phase K 9 4 Membrane serving wi NNW N N N as support N 3 NN Figure 2 Schematic representation of HF LPME method The analyte diffuses across a microporous membrane while in contact with an organic accepter K is defined as the partion coefficience of the analyte between the aque ous and organic phase S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 5 4730 3 1 Effect of selection of acceptor phase Organic solvent serving as acceptor phase was an essential consideration for HF LPME The organic solvent used in HF LPME must satisfy several cri teria Firstly the organic solvent should have good affinity for hollow fiber on which thin liquid mem brane can be formed Secondly the organic solvent should possess a high distribution coefficient for the analytes and be immiscible with water Thirdly the organic solvent should provide appropriate extrac tion selectivity and high extraction recovery Finally the organic solvent should be compatible with HPLC analysis Given on the above consideration n hexane toluene and 1 octanol which have been the most com monly used extraction solvents in LPME were esti mated in our
107. lvent environment In this study the effect of ionic strength on the extraction was evaluated by addition of different concentration of NaCl 0 20 w v solutions to the sample The best extraction efficiencies were achieved without addition of the NaCl and the extraction efficiencies of five UV filters decreased dramatically as more NaCl was added The results indicated that the addition of NaCl had a significant negative effect for extraction The extraction efficiency of BZ4 decreased slightly with the ionic strength increase compared with other four UV filters At concentration up to 20 BZ3 can not be extracted This phenomenon could be assumed that apart from the salting out the physical properties of the organic membrane were changed with the presence of salt which reduced the diffusion rates of the analytes into the acceptor phase The viscosity of the sample was also changed at high concentration of salt which affected the diffu sion rate Thus the best conditions for the HF LPME were performed without the addition of NaCl 3 5 Effect of pH of sample The extraction efficiency and selectivity of the HF LPME can be optimized by the pH values of the sample solution The effect of sample pH values on the extractability of the target analytes by HF LPME was investigated from 1 0 to 8 0 The result indicates that the extraction efficiencies of BZ3 BZ4 and ODP were decreased significantly flowing with pH values increase
108. nto the hollow fiber The sample was continuously injected into the extractor Tee connector _ External tube Microsyringe Hollow fiber ee Syringe i Sample injection Sample Sample outlet inlet serving as Supporter Figure 1 Schematic illustration of HF LPME method The can nular extractor was assembled by mounting a hollow fiber inside an external tube with a tee connector by the pump During the extraction the analytes in the aqueous sample were largely extracted into the organic solvent by diffusion The analyze enriched acceptor phase was directly collected into the micro syringe after the extraction Finally 5 0 uL accep tor phases was used for HPLC analysis Different acceptor phases and different flow rates were inves tigated The extraction was preformed at ambient temperature 25 C 3 Results and Discussion This dynamic HF LPME relying on membrane liquid microextraction is an excellent technique for extraction The organic acceptor phase was immo bilized in the micropores of the hollow fiber to form liquid membrane The targets were extracted from the aqueous sample matrix into the organic liquid membrane on the wall of hollow fiber and then dif fused into the lumen of the hollow fiber The process of mass transfer is shown in Fig 2 In this study in order to optimize the dynamic HF LPME for the determination of five UV filters in cosmetic products several parameters control ling extra
109. s were constructed by plotting the mean peak areas against respective concentration mg L as listed in the Table 2 Good correlation coefficients R2 with excellent linearity for target analytes were higher than 0 9960 Table 2 Analytical characteristics of the method UV Time Range R LOD RSD F filters min mg L ng Ly BZ4 2310 01 0 5 500 0 9978 1 00 45 24 BZ3 10 67 0 04 0 5 500 0 9960 20 00 5 1 34 ODP 14 99 0 01 0 5 300 0 9960 15 00 5 2 S57 OMC 17 73 0 03 0 5 500 0 9970 10 00 4 8 55 ES 2092 002 2 5 2500 0 9965 100 00 5 0 53 a S N 3 N 3 F Enrichment factor The LODs S N 3 of the five UV filters were found in the range from 1 to 100ug L s A blank sample was carried out every time to confirm that no carryover occurred when determining LODs The RSDs n 3 for the five UV filters were lower than 5 2 All the results were calculated and summa rized in Table 2 Compared to the traditional SPE S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 7 4732 method the proposed method exhibited better selec tivity with comparative sensitivity and recovery The reason was that the undesirable large molecules can not cross through the micropores of the hollow fiber To investigate the extraction recovery the method of standard additions was applied to all sun screen cosmetic by spiking with 5mg L ES and lmg L of other analytes respectively The rela tive recoveries of the five UV filters ranged between 80 and 102
110. study Fig 3 shows the performance of the organic solvents for extraction of five UV filters under identical conditions The results indicated that toluene was the most suitable as the acceptor phase with the highest extraction efficiency However the extraction efficiencies of n hexane dichloromethane l octanol and PMA were much lower than those of toluene The good compatibility of the hollow fiber and the low solubility in water were contributed to a high enrichment factor for UV filters Furthermore the hollow fiber could become transparent when it is filled with toluene which made the operation easier Thus toluene was chosen for the further experiments x Q Figure 3 Effects of different extraction solvent on HF LPME method Extraction conditions 0 6 mL of sample con taining 25 mg L of ES 5 0 mg L of other four target analytes extracted by toluene at 3 0 mL h ambient temperature 6 S I NEWS 2013 Vol 56 No 1 THE HITACHI SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENT NEWS 3 2 Effect of sampling volume HF LPME is a process dependent on equilibrium rather than exhaustive extraction So extraction effi ciency is normally controlled by the distribution coef ficient of the analyte between the aqueous phase and organic acceptor phase The adsorption capacity of organic phase was also an important parameter for 10 uL organic acceptor phase Sample solution con taining 25 mg L of ES 5 0 mg L of the other four
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