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日本の技術者制度変革の停滞と混乱 ~その問題分析と

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15. 2 3
16. ABETLEC2000 d Function on multi disciplinary teams JABERE Q 2012 G
17. 4 39 Schon
18. 1 2
19. 3 lt 4 TT E 02 10
20. 112
21. 34 3 APEC 34 1 4 3
22. 28 JABEE 2000 2
23. 102 1 2 2 1 5 2 1 2 1 3 2 1 1
24. I lt 19 ya 1997 2009b 87
25. Design
26. 1 2 3 JABEE 116 50 50 2014
27. 68 1 interactivelly pp 41 2 Schon
28. 133 The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology
29. 14 2013 11 19 ABET EC2000
30. Schon reflective conversation
31. E 8 1 2 3 1 2 i E 1 2 OO
32. _
33. 4 200
34. J 122 2 JABEE
35. a b c d e g h Hh 1
36. 3 1 1 8
37. 5 6 107
38. 143 T 1
39. 1 2 11 8 1991 3 1995 1 2 APEC
40. 1998b 2 45 3 1 5 3 ABETLEC2000 JABEE ABRTLEC2000 g Communicate effectively JABEE c ABRTLEC2000
41. 1938 13 ABET Code of Echics Guideline Code of Echics 1961 36
42. 4 LT 134
43. GA Graduate Attributes PC Professional Competencies 3 GA PC 1
44. 3 _
45. 1990 8 9 8 3
46. 1 1 2011 EE ul a
47. professional knowledge Schon Schon
48. 1 1 3 2 3 E 1998 1999 8
49. Qr 46 JABEE HH JABEE 10
50. 5
51. 1 2 9 JABEE 4 engineering design
52. 5 IV H 1
53. 4 1
54. 1 4 8 1999 8 1
55. Millerson1964 1 OR EF
56. 1995 E E 1950 4 1979 1986 H
57. 2009 iv 1
58. Design
59. desired needs desired needs reflective conversation
60. 2 1 1 2 18 37 5 2014 1 9 1 2007 1 2011 1 2014 1 2014 2 2007 13 1 2008 5 2003 05 07 09 14 1 2010
61. 20 2
62. ABET ABET Coge of Ethics Guidline 6 3 1 1 1 1997 6
63. CN VID 1985 2
64. E FE reframe 1 1
65. gt E 7
66. 3 professional profession professionalization professional profession 128 professionalization professionalizati
67. E a
68. a 9 e
69. 3 3 APEC APEC 3
70. The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology
71. E 3 profession professionalhization occupation profession 76
72. 1 5 1 JABEE APEC CPD E on 1 1 2 3 2
73. 1883 8 1979 280 1886 3 3 Dyer 7
74. Design Analysis Synthesis
75. 4 Y 82
76. 4 3
77. 2 K
78. 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 6 1 4
79. 4 desired needs desire 5 iterative and often open ended often iterative
80. 1 2 55 1 5 1 1 4 2 f
81. 1977 1996 11 gt
82. JABEE ABET EC2000 ABETLEC2000 103 x
83. 58 4 3 3 4 2 1 APEC
84. _ Ft 3
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86. 2
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88. E
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91. LF ua 9
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93. 3 2 Engineering Profession 2 1 1 8 2 PE 2 Engineering Profession Graduate Attributes GA and Protessional Competency Profiles PO TEA2009 2013 2 2
94. 1 2 1 1 2 2 111 2 1 1 2 3 3
95. PC Professional Competency GA Graduate Attributes PC 1 2 8 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 GA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
96. 2018b 1 2 10 1 2 7 1H 1 n 3 H E 44
97. kk 2 3 PE 2 Engineering Professsional 40 TIEA2009 IEAGA amp PC 2012 72
98. 2 3 3 Schon reflective conversation
99. 1979 392 10 2 gt 4 2014 Engineering 3
100. oO EE 3 i
101. 8 2 3 1933 1936 96 R 2014 1913 ed p 21S 1910 ed p 708 1927 ed p 216 1927 English ed p 1356 1978 ed p 630 2005 cd p 1043 3 2 2 Engineering 2014 0 2 5 kgKB Fe kcal kp K ee 12 41 E Schmidt Technische Thermodynamik ct a Grundlagen unde Anwendungen 11 auflage K Stephan F Mayinger 2 5 1950 SbnBer 1936 Einfuhrung in die technische 0 Thermodynamik 83 2 3 1985
102. B 47 4 1 1 2012a 106 2009 33 ACN E 4 1 1
103. JABEE 2 3 3 JABEE 3 1 1
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106. E fH 4 E E 1997 1998
107. JABEE JABEE 500 r 240 000 200 000 400 160 000 A 120 000 200 80000 40 000 lt oo L232 4 1 a ea a M 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 1 2 1 JABEE 18 1 2 1 2001 2013 19 54 220 10 24 54 150 50 79 1 1 169 474 18
108. desired needs 2 2 iterative iterative and often open ended often iterative terative 90
109. just in time
110. 113 1 input output _2 1 2 3 4 _ 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 2 1 1 1
111. 1998b 1998b 1999a b 3 2 23 1 5
112. 1979 274 Dyer 1879 ul 1 1881 1880 Dyer 1882 1979 800 1
113. 2 3
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115. 1 131 3 ke 1 NOG
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117. 49 2005 v 21 2007 1 Eg 2 2005a b
118. 3 2 79 SOCE 2 APEC 2 1 ar a H gt 1
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120. 78 3 4
121. 2002b 49 1996 7 14 1997 7 1999 1 1998
122. 2007 V 5 26 2008 1 61 2013 De 27 a IEA International Engineering Alliance 2009 Graduate Attributes GA and Proftessional Competency Profiles PCO 2 TEA2009 IEAGA amp PC 2012 Multi disciplinary team diversified team
123. GA PC GA 2 3 GA GA
124. PE 14 2000 6 2 APEC
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127. 2
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130. 1 1 PE 11 2 1995 FE Fundamental Engineer PE Professional Engineer PE 2001 23 8 a me APEC 5 16 APEC 2009
131. 2 3 1 JABEE i 57 8 4 1 2 3 JABEE 4
132. LFM Technology and Policy Program 18 200
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134. A Study of the Impact of EC2000 ABETEC2000 1980 b ABET 125 EC2000 1997 4 70
135. reading writing hearing speaking 4 2 2 Communication skill
136. 1 NE 1 1
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138. 2011 3 1 1 8 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 9
139. 1 g1 Gm1 m2 G1 21 11 g2 G3 31 m5 G4 4 1 31 G2 2 21 41 g3 G3 31 0 m3 7 m6 8 g5 G6
140. 8 1 3 CPD 4 1 2 E 3
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142. profession b profession profession 75
143. professional 73 1 2 1 professional professional professionalization 2 1 1 4 Geoffrey Millerson professionalhization 1 profession
144. 100 4 1 3 4 1 3 4 4 2 2 10
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149. 2010 1 2 1991 O 2 1 47 3 1
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153. 3 3 3 3 f 3 4 4 3 4 Dc 59 2 3 1 8 1 1 3 CS 61 62 a EC 63 1 1 1 PE 1 2 3 PE 3 1 1 2 1960
154. 1999 2002 CPD 1 2 1 mw APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Japan Acceditation Board for Engineering Education JABEE JABRE 2000 PDE 1
155. E 102 103 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 3 4 5
156. APEC 22 APEC ROSS 14 23 TIEA2013 2018 6 17 21 http Nev engineer or jp c_cmt kokusai topics 002 002765 html 2014 10 15 24 2 APEC RU NN IN 6 http www engineer or jp c_topics70007000159 html 36
157. 1 1 4 1 2 1997 1 1 1 c 1 1 2 16 1 4 1 2 1997 1 1 1 a 17 1998 Harris et al 1995 2000 Gunn A and Vesilind P 1998 NSPE1999 Whitbeck C 1998 2002 Martin M and SchinzingerR 2000
158. 49 2018 109
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160. 1 5 1 3 1 2 3 APEC 8 1 JABEE APEC 1 1 1 1991 1995 E JABEE
161. 2004 JABEE 2012 3 0 8 25 JABEE 2004
162. CPD 1 Es 2 CPD 3 4 5 ECE E
163. 3 2000 APEC 2 1 APEC APEC JABEE H gn i
164. 2 1 1 3 3
165. 1997 81 JABEE 1 3 3 3
166. 1938 1961 1996 17 1998 7 1999 i i 2000 i 2001 i 2002 i 2003 i 2011 1999 JABEE 1 5 8 2001 2001 2002 2003 2004 2004
167. 4 1991 9 E 1 1 1 Engineering 1 2
168. E 2009 Nl CPD 4 GL FE 50 CPD ECE ECE Bmngineering Capacity Enhancement Program CPD
169. JABEE 3
170. 10 2013 10 12 E APEC APEC 2
171. JABEE 3 CE PB CE
172. 1992 3 APEC 8 So APEC 3 3 1995 11 APEC CPD Continuous Professional Development accreditation CPD
173. 5 2 1 1 APRC 5 1 1
174. PED 2002 26 IntPE APEC Engineer register EN CPD CPD os 5 CPD J CPD 2012
175. 8 1998b 1999b c 2 1 1 8 IEC2009 PC 13 GA 12 PC 1 2 3 4
176. 29 JABEE 2012 12 48 JABEE JABEE 30 JABEE 2012
177. 110
178. 1 2 T 1 1 1 1 3 1 1991 1991 3 1 2 APEC 1 2 APEC 3 3 APEC 1 8 1 1 4 1 4 1 2 1997
179. MN 139 2 1998b 4 5
180. 114 4 5 1 input output
181. E 2 R 2 1995 235 6 professionalization
182. 1 2 2 engineering profession 1 professional 3 1 2
183. 1 2 1998 3 3 3 3
184. E 2005 203 STS Seience STS E STS 3 Bay Are a Rapid Transit District BART IEEE
185. 19 1 2 3 33 3 CPD CPD 1 5 1 3 CPD 1 2 2 20 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 CPD CPD Du
186. Schon problem setting i 123 E k
187. 1 2 2 2 1 4 2 1 3 1 1 8 1 1
188. F Schon reflective conversation 3
189. 1 4 1 52 2 KO 3 f AU2 8 2003 3 2 2003
190. 1998 2002a 52 1 1991 1997
191. 5 1 88 ABETLTEC2000 g Communicate effectively JABEE 1 ABETLTEC2000 i Recognize the need for and
192. 1 1 1 1991 1991 E ABETEC2000 1996 4
193. 2006 gt PS 3 a a 8TS 2
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202. 13 95 5 1926
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204. 4 H 1998a 90 2 ul 2
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206. 1EA2009 PC GA ABET IRA APEC 1 1 1 2 professional APEC PE Professional Engineer professionalization professional occupation profession
207. 8 Engineering Profession 129 CPD gt JABEE JABEE CPD JABEE 4
208. EC Accreditation
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210. 1 2 2 3
211. 16 1996 1996 1997 IFTP International Federation for Information Processing 90 1998 2003 17 1997 2009 y 28 1 1 2
212. 2012 2012 JABEE 41 2013a 12 13 JABEE JABEE
213. ABET EC2000 e Identify formulate and solve engineering problems f Understand professional and ethical responsibility h Understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context j Have knowledge of contemporary issues JABEE 1 2 3
214. 1 12 ASME 2 i 2006 PE 1907 PE 1947
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216. 1 2 7 desired needs 1 2 3 desired needs desired needs
217. 8 5 90
218. 3 115 4 5 6 7
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224. 2012 Multi disciplinary team diversified team G 27 2018 JABEE 25 3 2006 3 JABEE ES SA
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231. 18 1995 E 2 1997 f WFEO 1997 4 1995 ER E 6 3 i
232. B 2 H f Ne 2 2 HH 2 E
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236. 2014 E 10 15 0 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 1 2 3 APRC 20 2 2 1 1 5 2 1
237. ABET the Accreditation Board for REngineering and ABET 10 JABEE EK 17 1 4
238. ml H 2 4 2 5 GA 3 PC 3 1 PC
239. 2 H 2014 59 72 APRC 2005 2 500 H 1 se f
240. 2009a 2009b 1 2009b JABEE JABRE http www jabee org7news_archive news2009 20090318 2 2356 2014 3 1 2005 9 203 18 2 2014 ET 9 71 83 2005 vol 17 No 1 p 38 2011 2011 2003 2003
241. 30 2012 JABEE I 31 SR A 2005 Nh 2007 2009 IV 2012
242. JABEE JABEE 1 1999 a E 1 c d T
243. 1 3 4 1 3 4 4 1
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246. EC2000 http wwwr abet org History 2014 11 30 ABET ABETEC2000 71 IEA ABETEC2000 ABET 1989 PE 1997 IPEA International Professional Engineers Agreement PE 2000 APRC PE 2 Engineering Profession Engineering Technologist Engineering Technician IEA International Engineering Alliance
247. JABEE EE engineering science skill for engineering practice 3 2 130 14 5 3 3 25 1991
248. 1 1 1 1947 4 ABETTEC2000 1 Schon 1 Donald A Schon MIT
249. 1 1 1 PE PE Carl Mitcham Mitcham C2001 2005 1 1824 Rensselaer Polytechnic School 1860 1867
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255. 4 iterative and often open ended often iterative 5 2 1 desired needs ABETEC2000 desired needs 1 2 38 desire 89 desired needs
256. Earnest Greenwood1957 Geoffrey Millerson1964 NE Greenwood 2005 Millerson 2004 2009a 2007 2004 2012 b 1 Greenwood1957 2005 g1 g2 g3 g4 g5 b 2 Millerson1964 2007 m1 m2 m3 m4 m5
257. 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 105 v 3 9 1 2 3 8 1 2
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259. 2 4 4 LU 1 2 140
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263. The Reflective Practitioner How Protessionals Think in Action Schon1983 Reflective Practition MG ul 1963 1981 Schon Reflective Practition Schen1983 2007 89 Schen
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280. No 6 2010 1 2 8 2 I 3 IV 1 2 2 3 APEC
281. 8 1 2 2 r 3 2
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283. lt Qr LT OO SSM 1 LC gt professionalization W Millerson
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285. 1 1 Schon fi 91
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287. 2007 vol 19 No 2 28 29 2001 2001 JABEE 2002 2002 3 JABEE 2003 2004 7 JABEE 2007 2006 wwwjjabee org public_doc download docid 333 2013 10 10 2008 2008 JABEE 2009 2009 JABEE 2010 JABEE 2004 11 JABEE 3 mo 13 1999 2012 JABEE 2012 JABEE http www jabee org OpenHomePage accreditation_o 2012_k htm kijun 2013 10 10 RY JABEE _121225 pdf 2018 10 27 2003
288. E Understand professional and ethical responsibility ABET EC2000 Lattuca et al 2006 1 ABET ABETEC2000 ABETEC2000 JABEE 2 RD 1 1 3 ABET
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296. 4 3 ABETEC2000 Lattuca et al 2006a ABETTEC2000 Lattuca et al 2006a EE ss 1994 1992 STS Martin M and
297. 2012 i E WFEO The World Federation of Engineering NCEES National Professional 2001 189 APEC 8 8 2014 9 4
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299. 3 2 1 E 2
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302. ABETLEngineering Accreditation Commission 2015 2016 Criteria tor Accreditating Engineering Programs http wwwr abet org eac criteria 2015 2016 2014 12 5 a Apply knowledge of mathematics science and engineering an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics science and engineering b Design and conduct experiments analyze and interpret data an ability to design and conduct experiments as well as to analyze and interpret data c Design a system component or process to meet desired needs an ability to design a system component or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic environmental social political ethical health and safety manufacturability and sustainability d Function on multi disciplinary teams an ability to function on multi disciplinary teams e Identify formulate and solve engineering problems an ability to identify formulate and solve engineering problems f Understand professional and ethical responsibility an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility g Communicate effectively an ability to communicate effectively h Understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global economic environmental and societa
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317. 1998a 1998b a
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338. 3 4 3 5 4 4 1 4 2 5 5 1 5 2 Graduate Attribute 6 Professional Competency 145 yh 2009b 2010 2003 J 2004 2009a Vo1 4 85 96 Vol 7 pp 23 71
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344. 0 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 15 1 2 1 1 20 30 2005 208 5 1 4 PE 3 PE 3 20 PE Professional Rngineer 2 1 1 2
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381. 20 4 E 1997 12 2006 2010 13 2002a 52 2002b 49 2000 23 1997 1997
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383. J EE 1 ABET 1 1 3 RN ABET E 1998 ABET ABET 1980 ECPD 1979 1989 ABET 2 ABET 680 3300 12 05 ABRT
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393. PE PE PE NSPE IEEE Institute of Electrical 2005 203 5 1991 1 E APEC 3 5 1 1 2
394. Schon A Donald1983 The Reflective Practitioner Basic Books 2007 2001 2005 2013 2008 Fundamentals Review Vol 2 No 3 pp 4 18 2006 2006 2009 vol 21 No 1 3 2007 vol 19 No 1 p 3 2012 vol1 24 No 1p 8 Uy 2001 2003 2005 2008 Whitbeck C 1998 Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research
395. 1 4 2 1 4 3 1 5 1 5 1 1 JABEE 2 CPD 3 1 5 2 1 2 1 5 8 JABEE 2 31 2 1 1 JABEE 2
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408. 9 71 41 g2 m4 5 2 1 1 APEC 3 professionalization Millerson profession 6 Millerson profession 6 Millerson 1964 9 professionalization 2 1 2 b profession
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412. 1998 4 2002b fi mo mp 1989 6 8 2 AN
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423. engage in lifelong learning JABEE 7 6 1 2 1 2 3 2009ajb 2 desired needs
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426. AGA amp PC 2012 SO vl ee ee 146 1 1990 2 1 1995 11 Economic Cooperation APEC Asia Pacific M 1999 JABEE Japan Acceditation Board for Engineering Education JABEE 2000
427. CEAB Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board 1 2 5 ABET 1 2 6 JABEE CEAB ABRT 1 2 7 JABEE 1 2 8 JABEE 1 2 9 CEAB ABET 42 acl 1 2 10 5 1 2 5 CEAB Engineering desgn integrates mathematics basic sciences engineering sclences and complementary studies in developi
428. Engineer 2005 JABEE DR OT MO APEC JABERE 1 5 3 APEC 1999 6 APEC 2
429. TLEC2000 a 2000 23 b ABETLEC2000 f Understand professional and ethical responsibihty h Understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context c ABET EC2000 g Communicate effectively T ABETLEC2000 a Apply knowledge of mathem
430. atics science and engineering b Design and conduct experiments analyze andinterpret data ABETEC2000 i Recognize the need for and engage in lifelong learning k Use modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice ABET EC2000 c Design a system component or process to meet desired needs g ABET EC2000 e Identify formulate and solve engineering problems JABEE ABETEC2000 d Function on multi disciplinary teams Have knowledge of contemporary issues JABEE ABETLEC2000 2 3 30 2
431. ce program_20130301 pdf 2013 8 2000 PED 2002 1 44 http wwwjfes or jp _pde pde01 b 021106 pdf 2013 10 https www jsee or jp action common_download_main amp upload_id 1288 2018 2004 E 1 PDE 8 E 11 Vol 16 1 pp 1 10 EAJ News No 97 http wwwr eaj or jp eajnews news97 news97 6 j html 2013 10 13 NSPE National Society of Professional Engineers 1999 Opinions of the Board of Ethical Review NSPE 2013 2 28
432. ering change 2013 10 26 I Lattuca R L Terenzimi T P Volwein F J Peterson D G 2006b The Changing Face of Engineering Education the BRIDGE NAE National Academy of Engineering Summer 2006 5 13 http www nae edu Publications Bridge ReformingEngineering Education TheChangingFaceofEngineeringRducation aspx 2013 10 26 Martin M and Schinzinger R 2000 Introduction to Engineering Ethics McGraw Hill 2006 Millerson G 1964 The Qualifying Associations A Study in Professionalization London Routledge and Kegan Paul Mitcham C 2001 The Achivement of Technology and Ethics A perspective from the United States Goujon P and Dubreuil B eds TEchnology and Ethics A European Quest tor Responsible Engineering Peeters 565 81 148 Fs RF 1979
433. h as economnc envnronmental socal pohtical ethical health and safety manufacturabilhty and sustainability Engineering design is the process of devising a system component or process to meet desired needs It is a decision making process often iterative in which the basic sclences mathematics and the engineering sclence are applied to convert resources optimally to meet these stated needs 1 2 7 2009b
434. ineering Dractice Ability to accomplish duties premeditatedly alone and in team d Function on multi disciplinary teams 3 1 2 PR ABETLEC2000 a k ABETLEC2000 2 ABETEC 2000 8 1 1 ABETEC2000 3 1 2 100 PE JABERE 1 42
435. l context i Recognize the need for and engage in lifelong learning 142 a recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in life 1ong learning j Have knowledge of contemporary issues a knowledge of contemporary issues k Use modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice an ability to use the techniques skills and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice IEA Graduate Attributes and Professional Competencies ver 2 2009 IEAGA amp PC 2012 2 2009 6 18
436. m6 b 3 2004 2012 G1 G2 f G4 G5 G3 G6 2 1 1 9 occupation profession 41 2007 2007 2004 2005 2012 2004 2009a 74 2 1 1 3 E Greenwood Millerson
437. ng elements systems and processes to meet specfic needs It is a creative iterative and often open ended process subject to constraints which may be governed by standards or legislation to varying degrees depending upon the disciphne These constraints may relate to economic health _safety environmental social or other pertiment interdisctphnary factors 1 2 6 ABRBT An abihty to desngn a system component or process to meet desnred needs within reahstic constraints suc
438. on occupation profession professional 34 Professional Engineer

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