Installation Manual For Rockford Fosgate Power 360 and Power 650
Contents
1. therefore be unsatisfactory MOUNTING THE POWER 650 Since the Power 650 has forced air cooling rather than relying on convection it can be mounted anywhere and in any position it will fit The only requirement is that the fan intake and exhaust are not blocked from fresh air MOUNTING THE POWER 360 The mounting position of the Power 360 wil have a large effect on its ability to dissipate the heat generated in normal operation The Power 360 has an ample heat sink for its dissipation and internal overheating shutoff circuitry so it is reasonably tolerant of mounting variations However care should be taken to be sure of adequate cooling 15 Trunk Mounting We have measured trunk temperatures as high as 150 degrees Farenheit in the summertime Since the thermal shutoff point for the Power 360 is 195 degrees F it is easy to see that the amp must be mounted for maximum cooling capability Mounting the unit on the floor or top of the trunk will not allow convection air flow across the fins Even better is to mount the unit vertically on a vertical surface so upward flowing air follows thechannels between the heatsink fins The Power 360 is too tall for this to usually be practical however Passenger Compartment Mounting When the amp is mounted in the passenger compartment mounting require ments are considerably relaxed since the driver will not often allow temperatures to stay anywhere near 150 degrees F Floor mou2. The Power 650 and Power 360 are designed to be professionally installed The length and nature of your warranty are dramatically affected if you attempt to install it yourself See Warranty This is because professional installers are experienced with making your car sound right the first time Professional installers their installations durable because they dont want continuing problems and complaints their reputations are valuable If you want to install your own unit read this booklet completely and Good Luck AMPLIFIER FEATURES The Power 650 and Power 360 are very similar in design Both have selectable crossovers four bridgeable channels load protection independently available bass channels and noise rejection circuitry System wiring for the two amplifiers is identical The Power 6505 variable speed fan cooling assembly allows it to run at higher power and into lower impedance loads than the Power 360 With four 4 ohm loads each channel of the Power 650 puts out 125 watts while the 360 puts out 90 The Power 650 is rated for four 2 ohm loads at 160 watts each or two 4 ohm loads in bridged stereo at 325 watts each The Power 360 is not rated for 2 ohm loads and the bridged output is two 8 ohm loads at 180 watts each SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY A combination of switched crossovers and four bridgeable channels in the Power 650 and Power 360 provide unmatched system flexibility with simple wiring changes Some of
3. Crossover Response Curves for a graph Crossover Setting Hz Low High Flat Flat 00 Flat 250 100 1 00 250 250 100 250 600 600 1500 1500 4000 4000 CROSSOVER SETTINGS Suggested Applications Dual Stereo systems with two pairs of full range speaker systems All Bridged Stereo systems Dual Stereo systems with front speakers having less bass capability Dual Stereo systems with small front speakers Subwoofer biamplified systems Large woofers on low channel essential full range system on high channel usually a strong midrange tweeter pair Excellent imaging Three way biamp systems Woofers on low channel midranges and tweeters on high channel Good imaging Subwoofer and three way systems in cars which have a lower midrange resonance Combines imaging advantages of subwoofer with reduced midrange power requirements Excellent imaging Three way biamp systems As above in 250 250 section but midrange drivers handle less power Fair imaging Three way biamp systems having a very light duty midrange Two way biamp systems with wide range woofers on the low channel and extremely rugged tweeters on the high channel Primarily a midrange to tweeter crossover point for triamplified systems 5 Summed Output Power Flat Output dB 6 63 100 160 250 400 600 950 Frequency Hertz BOTH CROSSOVERS SET EQUAL 250 Hertz 0 Output 3 dB 16
4. 250 or 600 Hertz Bridging Y Adapter P N FA 683 is used to split out Left and Right channels to separate amplifiers See Schematic Bridged Kono Biamplified Mode for complete system wiring diagram BRIDGED MONO BIAMPLIFIED 24
5. handle a lot of power a 600 Hertz crossover setting will save the drivers For systems with essentially full range front speakers or very rugged and large midranges a 100 Hertz crossover frequency gives better imaging by putting more midrange energy up front with the tweeters The main useof the 4000 and 15000 Hertz crossover frequencies is for complex systems which use the amplifier as a midrange tweeter biamplified system 4000 Hertz is a satisfactory crossover point for most midrange tweeter combinations 1500 Hertz might be used with an extremely rugged tweeter or a small midrange The crossover system can be used to do a certain amount of equalization for correcting response problems in the car If the crossover frequencies in a biamplified system are under lapped that is the low frequency crossover is set one notch lower than the high frequency crossover a 6dB dip appears in the overall summed system response Its frequency is centered between the low and high crossover settings If the crossovers are overlapped the response shows a gradual peak of about 2 dB again centered between thecrossover settings The dip response in particular can improve cars which have a bad midrange bulge at around 150 200 Hertz as often happens Setting the low crossover at 100 Hertz and the high crossover at 250 Hertz produces a 6 dB dip at 160 Hertz removing tubbiness and unnatural male voices produced by the cars resonance See
6. result from going from a 6dB Octave to a 12dB Octave crossover Tweeters will react the same as midranges to changes in frequency and slope of their crossovers the higher the frequency and the greater the slope the more power the tweeter will handle Tweeter types that are usually above average in power handling ability include ferrofluid cooled domes inches in diameter or larger PIEZOELECTRIC TWEETERS Piezoelectric tweeters piezos offer ruggedness efficiency and extended frequency capability They also often have a rough or harsh sound due to large response irregularities and distortion They are usually a difficult load for an amplifier One characteristic of piezos is that they are a nearly pure capacitive load This means that their impedance continuously decreases with increasing frequency Unless some means is used to prevent this continuous decrease a typical piezo tweeter s impedance falls to well under 1 ohm within the bandwidth of the amplifier This low capacitive impedance can upset the amplifiers compensation scheme and cause ultra sonic inaudible oscillations overheating or damaging the amplifier A simple method of preventing problems is to be sure there isat least 6 feet of speaker lead between the amplifier and the piezo All amplifiers are tested with piezo loads and 6 feet of lead and they will have no problem Another method of taming the piezo is to insert a 1 to 10 ohm resistor
7. 0 250 400 600 Frequency Hertz CROSSOVERS OVERLAPPED Low 100 Hertz High 250 Hertz Summed Output Power 2 dB Peak 100 160 250 Frequency Hertz CROSSOVERS OVERLAPPED Low 250 Hertz High 100 Hertz CROSSOVER RESPONSE CURVES She AMPLIFIER POWER WIRING The Power 650 and Power 360 battery power connections are made with heavy self resetting wire A circuit breaker and connectors are provided with the unit For best performance wire the amplifier exactly as described Any resistive con nections or voltage drops in the power wiring will result in significant power output losses White Power Wire This wire goes directly to the circuit breaker mounted near the battery It is best to use as short a wire run as feasible spare crimp connectors for shortened wires are provided with the unit Don t run the power wire near the interconnect cabling for the preamp it will induce noise Circuit Breaker and Battery Power Wire The circuit breaker should be mounted in the car engine compartment near the battery Connect the BAT terminal of the breaker to the Positive terminal of the battery using the 1 foot length of heavy wire provided Connect the other terminal to the white power wire leading to the power amplifier Black Ground Wire Connect this wire directly to a good chassis ground point Clean off paint and corrosion around the ground point to ensure a good connection and bolt the wire securely to the metal
8. Be sure that the ground point you have selected is a piece of chassis metal that is welded to the main body of the car Bare metal should be protected with a layer of grease or paint to prevent rusting DO NOT extend the ground lead over one foot longer than supplied since any voltages developed in the ground lead can appear as hard to suppress system noise problems Remember that the Power 650 can have peak current demands well over 100 Amperes Make any splices secure never use less than 10 Gauge wire and never use longer wire runs than necessary 13 DIN INTERCONNECT CABLE The 5 pin DIN cable provided connect the Amp to its equalizer preamplifier Run this cable away from the main power wire white 10 Gauge to prevent noise from being coupled into the cable Cable color code and pin configuration are given below Shield Ground Red 418 Volts Black 18 Volts White Right Channel Signal Green Left Channel Signal or yellow Power Amplifier Female or pre out Connector INPUT MODE SWITCH The input of the Power 650 and Power 360 normally comes from the DIN input connector and is split by the crossovers into high and low channel drives However there are some cases where it is desirable to be able to drive the low channels independently For instance if one wanted to drive the system as two completely independent stereo amplifiers one would need to drive the high channel pair with one s
9. Hz Protection The Punch possesses the ability to sense shorts in installation wiring and will not allow the amplifier to be damaged The Punch also employs thermal switches which protect the amplifier from overheating damage Fuses are provided for speakers which are directly connected with no crossover components Dimensions 18 31 0 long x 8 1 10 wide x 2 high exclusive of knobs wiring 19 3 10 long x 8 1 10 wide x 2 high minimum mounting requirements Note Achieving ultimate performance from Rockford Fosgate products is our main concern Therefore research and development of a new product doesn t end when it finally reaches production For this reason Rockford s specifications are subject to change without notice z 17 POWER 360 SPECIFICATIONS Power Four channels at 90 Watts Channel continuous all channels driven into 4 Ohms 20Hz 20KHz with less than 08 THD Noise Noise Less than 8OdB both power amp and preamp Crossover 12dB Octave switch controlled Crossover Frequencies Flat 100Hz 250Hz 600Hz 1500Hz 4000Hz Preamp Sensitivity 50Mv to 2 5V adjustable Preamp Frequency Response 20 Hz 20KHz dB 18 POSITIVE VOLTAGE TURN ON RED TO SOURCE ACCESSORY OR AUTO ANTENNA LEAD LEFT HIGH CHAN MID TWEETER INTERCONNECT CABLE TO EQUALIZER PREAMPLIFIER RIGHT HIGH CHAN MID TWEETER 5 PIN DIN CONNECTOR LEFT LOW CHAN PIN CONNECT
10. INSTALLATION MANUAL FOR ROCKFORD FOSGATE POWER 360 AND POWER 650 Rockford Corporation 613 South Rockford Drive Tempe Arizona 85281 602 967 3565 Introduction Amplifier Features System Flexibility Amplifier Bridging Amplifier Block Diagram Why Biamplify xxu kae hen Saeed TR AR vue a Speaker Impedance Speaker Wire lt i xut ev diese Cete xcd bea ieee Power Ratings pP a a Ay SL Piezoelectric Tweeters Crossover System Using the Crossovers Crossover Settings Crossover Response Curves Amplifier Power Wiring DIN Interconnect Cable Input Mode Switch Turn on Connection Mounting the 360 Power 650 Specifications Power 360 Specifications Biamplified Mode Wiring Diagram Power 6501360 Stereo Biamplified Mode Wiring Diag
11. OR WOOFER POWER AMP RIGHT LOW CHAN yer WOOFER BLACK 8 GAUGE TO CHASSIS GROUND WHITE GAUGE TO BATTERY POSITIVE TERMINAL CIRCUIT BREAKER POWER 650 360 STEREO BIAMPLIFIED MODE HIGH AND LOW CROSSOVERS SET TO SAME FREQUENCY 19 Midrange Tweeters Woofers Left Low Right Low Channel Channel Power 650 Power 360 9 Pin Connector Notes High and Low crossovers set to 100 250 or 600Hertz BIAMPLIFIED STEREO 20 Midrange Tweeters Left High Low Low Right High Channe 1 Channe 1 Channel Channel Power 650 Power 360 9 Pin Connector Notes Both High and Low Crossovers setto 100 250 or 600 Hertz BIAMPLIFIED STEREO BRIDGED MONO WOOFER Full Range Or Midrange Tweeters Full Range Power 650 Power 360 9 Pin Connector Notes low crossover set to Hat High crossover set to Flat for full range front speaker 100 or 250 Hertz for Midrange Tweeter front system Note that low channel color codes are reversed from those of biamplified systems DUAL STEREO w Bridged Woofers 22 Full Range Power 650 Power 360 9 Pin Connector Notes Both High and Lou Crossovers set to Hat position BRIDGED STEREO 23 Midrange Tweeters Woofers High Channel High Low Channel Channel NU Power 650 Power 360 1 Power 650 Power 360 2 9 Pin Connector 1 9 Pin Connector Notes High and lou crossovers set to 100
12. in series with one of its leads CROSSOVER SYSTEM The Power 650 and Power 360 incorporate separate high and low frequency crossovers which are controlled by screwdriver slot switches on one end of the power amplifier The crossover frequency is set to one of five frequencies or to flat response depending on speaker and system characteristics The crossover is a two pole 12 dB Octave constant power design with Butterworth transfer characteristic Outputs designed for an accurate phase match between low and high frequency outputs within 5 degrees to eliminate cancellation and lobing errors High Frequency Low Frequency Crossover Crossover Position Frequency Position Frequency 1 Flat 1 Flat 2 100 Hz 2 100 Hz 3 250 Hz 3 250 Hz 4 600 Hz 4 600 Hz 5 1500 Hz 5 1500 Hz 6 4000 Hz 6 4000 Hz USING THE CROSSOVERS The crossovers are usually used in biamplified mode They separate the frequencies in the input signal into low and high frequencies for the separate woofer and high frequency amplifiers See the Amplifier Block Diagram for a system layout When the crossovers are used for biamplified systems the High and Low frequencies are usually set equal The most common crossover frequency for biamplified systems is 250 Hertz This frequency setting keeps the worst of the low frequency power out of the midranges but doesnt require the woofers to do a great deal of midrange For systems whose midrange speakers cannot
13. no mode means driving one speaker or speaker system with two amplifier channels Each channel will put out full power into its half of the speaker load so the system can drive the speaker with double the power that a single amplifier channel would be capable of When amplifiers are bridged into a single speaker each amplifier sees half of the total speaker impedance New Rockford Fosgate amplifiers are designed so that con necting the amplifier for bridged mode is a simple matter of using the correct speaker leads as shown in the appropriate system diagram In these amplifiers one channel of each pair is inverted in the amplifier In normal stereo use the inverted channel output is connected to the negative lead of its speaker load thus preserving the system s polarity In bridged mode the inverted channel is connected to the negative lead of the speaker to be bridged and the positive lead of the speaker is connected to the non inverted channel This provides the out of phase drives required for bridged operation The Power 650 and Power 360 are designed so that the four amplifier sections can be bridged in several ways Right and Left High Frequency channels can be bridged the Right High and Left Low Frequency channels can be bridged the Right High and Right Low channels can be bridged together and the Left High and Left Low channels can be bridged These combina tions allow an unmatched flexibility in designing stereo biam
14. nting is usually satisfactory in the cab and under the seat will work as long as there is at least 1 inch above the amplifier fins for air movement Vertical mounting for instance the back of pickup cabs is still the best Any situation which allows moving air to be directed over the cooling fins will improve cooling dramatically A simple fan playing on the amplifier will improve cooling by a factor of 3 There are situations where it is feasible to direct some of the cars refrigeration air over the amplifier In any case it is critical that the amp not be enclosed in a box or covered so that air cant flow 16 POWER 650 SPECIFICATIONS Power Ratings 4 Channel 4 Ohms 125 watts per channel continuous power into 4 Ohms 4 channels driven from 20 to 20 000Hz with less than 0 05 THD N Total Harmonic Distortion amp Noise 2 Ohms 160 watts per channel continuous power into 2 Ohms 4 channels driven from 20 to 20 000Hz with less than 0 1 THD N Power Ratings 2 Channel bridged 4 Ohms 325 watts per channel continuous power into 4 Ohms 2 channels driven from 20 to 20 000Hz with less than 0 05 THD N Frequency Response 20 to 20 000Hz 5dB Bandwidth 15 to 20 000Hz 3dB Damping Factor greater than 200 at 50Hz Slew Factor greater than 2 5 Slew Rate greater than 10 volts per microsecond Crossovers slope is 12dB per octave adjustable positions are flat 100Hz 250Hz 600Hz 1 5Hz and 4K
15. plified and hybrid bridged systems The Amplifier Block Diagram shows a simplified diagram of the crossover and amplifier system In the amplifier blocks the input shows a for the non inverted channels and a for the inverted channels Each channel can be mated to a channel into a bridged speaker load DIN Conn INPUTS RCA Conn Left High Amplifier Left Low Amplifier Low Frequency Crossover High Frequency Crossover Amplifier Right Green Right Lou Amplifier POWER 650 360 AMPLIFIER BLOCK DIAGRAM WHY BIAMPLIFY For the performance Biamplified systems can play cleanly at higher output levels than stereo systems of the same total power For the convenience Building a satisfactory crossover system for woofer to midrange crossover frequencies requires large expensive inductors and capacitors as well as design time and mounting problems With a _ biamplified system it s all done for you in the active crossover Biamplified systems consist of an active electronic crossover system and two stereo amplifiers The crossover separates the input signal into low and high frequency groups and sends each group of frequencies to a separate amplifier pair In most installations the low frequency amplifiers drive a pair of woofers and the high frequency amplifiers drive a midrange tweeter pair In ordinary stereo systems as the output level increases the lo
16. ram Biamplified Stereo Diagram Biamplified Stereo Bridged Mono Woofer Diagram Dual Stereo Diagram Bridged Stereo Diagram Bridged Mono Biamplified INTRODUCTION The Power 650 and Power 360 are state of the art 4 channel power amplifiers for cars vans or wherever a 12 volt battery is available The amplifiers are designed to be used with a Rockford Fosgate equalizer pre amplifier and any high quality radio tape or other music source There are several equalizer pre amplifier units available including the ZX and Z and the 250 preamp The Power 650 will provide 325 watts per channel stereo and incorporates a variable speed fan and shroud assembly for cooling The Power 360 provides 180 watts per channel stereo and 5 cooled by a finned heatsink Both the Power 650 and Power 360 offer exceptional flexibility in system design With switchable crossovers and four bridgeable power amplifier channels biamplified systems high powered bridged systems combinations and four channel systems easy to put together Both amplifiers are stable into 2 ohm loads or 4 ohm loads when bridged Protection circuitry in the amplifiers prevent damage due to shorts system power problems or internal failures They incorporate internal battery line filtering and extensive noise prevention circuitry
17. sting but less cost effective For one thing there is little or no masking effect from the very high frequencies for midrange distortion so the biggest performance advantage of multiple amp systems isn t available Crossover components for passive midrange to tweeter crossovers are reasonably small and inexpensive Running a separate tweeter amp system will prevent tweeter burnout due to heavy midrange clipping and this is the most substantial advantage triamplified systems SPEAKER IMPEDANCE The Power 650 is designed for a 2 ohm nominal minimum impedance on each of its four channels Two 4 ohm speakers in parallel form a 2 ohm load The Power 360 is designed for a 4 ohm nominal minimum impedance on each of its four channels In bridged mode two amplifier channels driving a single load each channel sees half of the load impedance Therefore the Power 650 s minimum load impedance in bridged mode is 4 ohms and the Power 360 s minimum is 8 ohms If an output wire from the amplifier shorts or if the load impedance drops below safe minimums the amplifier will go into short protection mode In shortstop the amplifier will turn off for several seconds every time it senses an overload SPEAKER WIRE We recommend that you always use substantial wire for speaker wiring harnesses For short runs 18 Gauge wire is the smallest we suggest for runs over 6 feet at least 16 Gauge should be used Never allow any speaker
18. tereo signal pair and the low channel with another The input mode switch located near the crossover controls on the units front panel switches the low channel inputs over the RCA female connectors The low frequency crossover remains in the circuit and can be used as usual 14 TURN ON CONNECTION Red Wire from 9 Pin Connector The Power Amplifier is turned on by applying Positive 12 Volts to the red wire Usually the red wire is connected to source units Accessory or Auto Antenna lead either of which will go positive when the source is turned on Although the majority of high quality automotive source units have an Accessory or Auto Antenna output there are many variations which may require different turn on methods If the source has no Auto Antenna lead or if Auto Antenna goes down during tape operation a Find the internal switched power voltage inside the source unit and solder a lead to it Run the lead out through the back of the unit being sure to use a grommet for insulation from the case and connect to the amplifiers red turn on wire b Or Install a switch in the car with one terminal connected to 12 Volts and the other to the amplifiers red lead c Or Connect the amplifiers red lead to the Accessory point at the cars fuse block In this case the amplifier will be on whenever the car is on This method will allow the amplifier to amplify any noise and turn on turn off transients and
19. the possibilities Biamplified Stereo pair of channels drives mid high frequency speakers another pair drives woofers cross overs are set to separate the input frequencies into high and low frequencies for each speaker system Biamplified Stereo with Bridged Mono Woofer Otherwise similar to the Biamplified stereo system above this arrange ment bridges the two low channels into a_ single woofer Bridged Stereo Each pair of channels on Left and Right sides is bridged into a full range speaker system The crossovers are set at Flat position Bridged Mono Biamplified This configuration produces watts into one mono channel The high frequency channel pair is bridged into midtweeter speaker system and the low frequency pair bridged into a woofer The crossovers are set to separate woofer and midrange frequencies Dual Stereo With the crossovers set at Flat position the power amp will act as two separate stereo amplifiers one channel pair for rear full range speakers one for front full range 4 ohm speakers If only one set of speakers can handle bass frequencies the High crossover can be set to cut off the front speakers low frequency drive All of these system configurations are obtained with simple wiring variations there are no special black boxes to buy and the system may be modified at any time AMPLIFIER BRIDGING Operating an amplifier in the bridged or strapped mo
20. w frequency high power notes of the music start to drive the amplifier into clipping When the bass drums rhythm etc start to overload the amplifier all higher frequencies are naturally clipped as well so midrange distortion is immediately audible The harshness and gargling effects of clipping are obnoxious to listen to and may destroy tweeters well designed biamplified system when the low frequencies start to clip only the low frequency amplifiers overload The high frequency amplifiers are still reproducing the music cleanly Harshness and other overload effects are not heard in the middle and high frequencies until the high frequency amplifiers clip at a much higher level The worst effects of the bass amplifiers clipping will usually not be audible since the woofers won t reproduce the high frequency harmonics of the clipped drive and the clean middle and high frequencies cover the low frequency blurring and muddiness of the bass We have found that for crossover frequencies up to about 600 Hertz it is best to use approximately equal power for the low and high frequency amplifiers of biamplified systems If the high frequency amplifiers significantly lower in power the highs will clip before bass distortion is audible and much of the bass power capability will be wasted Triamplifying that is using another active crossover and stereo amplifier to run the tweeters only is technically intere
21. wire to touch chassis ground Many users find that sound quality is improved by the use of specially made heavy duty speaker wiring from one of several manu facturers The Power 650 and 360 output harnesses use short runs of 16 Gauge wire and should not reduce any benefits gained from specialized speaker wiring SPEAKER POWER RATINGS The Power 650 and 360 are very high powered amplifiers and special care must be taken to be sure that the speakers can handle the power levels The speaker manufacturer s recom mendations for power levels and crossover frequencies should be observed Woofers with high power ratings sometimes pop clang snap or otherwise show signs of bottoming These speakers are designed to use the air spring of an enclosed box to prevent bottoming at high power inputs This applies to most woofers originally designed for home professional use solution is to use speakers designed for infinite baffle use which have very stiff suspensions The best solution is to build boxes for the woofers As with woofers midrange drivers power capabilities are determined by voice coil and suspension design The most common power handling problems for mid ranges arise when they are crossed over at too low a frequency or with too shallow a crossover slope For every doubling of the crossover frequency a given midrange driver will handle 20 150 more system power The same improvement would
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