Pipe Installation Manual ASD 1 & 2 Rev. 2
Contents
1. imagination inspiration aspiration Pipe Installation Manual ASD1 amp 2 Rev 2 COPYRIGHT INFORMATION ICAM Ltd Copyright 2007 This document may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means without the prior permission of the copyright owner Content I INTRODUCTION ai ai RE E TETTE a 2 ARES Ico uRl CERE 3 2al MISES Oe el eV WING aaaea EV ee 21 1 LLANO OOO OO 3 2 1 2 Protection of Voids Inaccessible and High AreasS iii 3 21 3 Protection of hostile en Nice bilia 3 2 1 4 m dear EE 3 2 1 5 INVISIDIE TAStaAllaLIOMS lt ppt 3 3 GENERAL DESIGN iadiettatcadentateudetdatetebinenviectsanrieerien vie pinaersentianricnesceeaentaanibactsenieeericneien 4 Sl ISO io tieseaparaaaeaneeehe bata T ls 3 2 System block dagran oninia a a a a a 3 3 Wide bore Systems Units amp ACCeSSOFIOS vaio ra a 3 3 1 PEC Vip Re RZ AAA AAA A 6 3 9 2 Pipe Sections and FIIEITIGSsss 5 0900095209 959 059008060000 0000 00b aLaaa ea 7 3 3 2 Bachelor e o dE REDEEM M MAE ILE 9 3 3 4 Condensation Trapper 10 3 3 5 Heater Element With Condensation Tra iaturetoretovetnuntnerdnunteunhenshevaiounsoeniapeioertnardonnbnrnbereiontinns 10 3 3 6 Per EEMO Orre E ie A E O LE I ME 11 4 Detailed Design and INStall Atria 12 S EE PIC Lec ANTO RETIUM 4 1 1 1500815 ROS etate ento os tatetoonta ntu FE oe e RP tuU ce Lut cus PI 12 4 1 2 AGNES iaia 12 4 1 3 Physical hal aClClicllGS ntacncadacaderacanetecaturntussGaGsGaqadnedandiantenaidaaiansanatanasenat2. Normally Aspirated Air Sampling Systems would be placed in air return ducts as supply air ducts can be filtered or be contaminated with makeup air possibly making the system ineffectual and the cause of nuisance alarms If the ventilation system does not operate permanently it may be necessary to install a secondary system to sample within the protected area during the times that the Air Conditioning plant is shut down In some countries this is mandatory The intake pipe should span approximately the entire duct width If the duct is very wide then to increase rigidity the pipe may be supported at intervals across the duct For small ducts up to 1m across sampling holes at 100 to 150mm intervals For larger ducts sampling at intervals of 200 250mm is appropriate It may also be necessary to run the sampling pipe at more than 1 level through the duct especially when the sampling is located close to bends in the ductwork The holes should face 20 to 45 degrees above or below the centre line of the airflow stream to so at avoid the pressure curve that forms around the pipe as the airflow passes around it The first and last hole are normally located about 100 mm from the edges of the duct to be into the laminar flow area of the duct Also have the same number of holes on the inlet pipe AND the outlet pipe Doing so if the airflow changes in the duct the pressure across the detector can be maintained and therefore a flow fault will not occur Flow fa
3. This room has a single sampling pipe that provides detection for the whole room e The same room with two sampling pipes Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 16 4 3 2 Dilution As the name suggests dilution is the process of lessening the concentration of smoke particles as the sample is sucked towards the detector For example There is a sampling pipe measuring 30 meters It has sampling holes every 10 meters giving 4 sampling holes including the end cap It can be assumed in this simplified case that the sampling holes let in approximately the Same amount of air as each other A smoke source of 4 obscuration meter is introduced at the far end of the pipe No other smoke is entering any of the other sampling holes As the smoke passes each hole it is added to with clean air When the sample reaches the detector it is now at 1 obscuration meter or 1 4 of its Starting density Therefore if the detector alarms at 1 obsc m the smoke outside the hole must exceed 4 obsc m to sound the alarm It is the case therefore that the longer the pipe and the greater the number of sampling holes the more susceptible the system will be to dilution It is wise to work on a worst case principle in these situations Actuality the calculation of dilution is not as straightforward as above and more factors are involved Each system will have different characteristics meaning precise calculation is ex
4. a metal case or is more normally sited in the service riser between to adjacent cell The ASD provides closed loop sampling whereby the exhausted air can be completely returned to the sampled prison cell ASD lends itself ideally to the latest style prefabricated cells where the total install can be made off site Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 27 4 9 3 Elevators machine rooms and shafts A 25 mm ABS pipe is installed along the elevator shaft and in the machine room In the pipe s at regular distances 10 m from each other 2 3 mm size holes are drilled The pipe is connected to the aspiration detector The air from the protected areas is drawn by a powerful aspirator fan to the detector through a network of pipes into the smoke detection chamber The sampled air is drawn through a series of filters A coarse 20 ppi and a fine filter 45 ppi are built in to the detector Inside the chamber one or two smoke detectors analyse the air The smoke detectors are traditional standard sensitivity point detectors In case a higher sensitivity is required one can use laser detectors The detectors can be connected to an existing fire control panel or can operate independently and provide alarm information via a relay output for local action Equally they can connect to a transmission unit to alert a 24 7 manned control station The aspiration detector is placed outside the machine room a
5. cu Gu Tq adn given eunetemsnuatcee ceancuaiaunneum iquat 28 4 9 4 DINIOKE COMMS A T A Le 29 4 9 5 Stables amp Live SOCK Al cas ne ee ee 29 Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 1 1 INTRODUCTION This document is a guide for the installation of pipe work for air sampling systems The pipe network is as important as the detector itself and provides a means of obtaining a reliable and continuous sample of air to be monitored The pipe work for air sampling systems can vary greatly depending on the particular application This manual therefore gives overall guidelines that can be applied to any system but also a number of specialised set ups are described in more detail These include Duct sampling High or large area buildings Prisons Staircases Stables and areas with live stock When designing a sampling pipe network one needs to achieve an air sampling network design that offers sampling hole detector area coverage that meets as a minimum the requirements for point type detectors This guide is intended to give general guidelines for installing air sampling systems but in each case the local standards and codes of practice are to be taken into account For reference guidance on the design of systems is given in BS 5839 BS 6266 Code of Practice for Fire protection for Electronic Data Processing installations Appendix A of BS6266 gives a range of performance tests suitable for a wide variety of applica
6. IKI SIRE 1 x 8mm End Hole TCS ALE 1 x 8mm End Hole SYSTEM SENSOR 2251EM standard 1 x 8mm End Hole P 2251EM high 2 x 5mm Holes P ECO 1003 2 x 5mm Holes Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 14 When using ASD2 in the type 1 layout both pipe runs can go up to 50 m The amount of holes in the pipe is depending on the detector that is used See below for details APOLLO DETECTOMAT GE SECURITY HOCHIKI SLR E3 1 x 8mm End Hole 1 x 8mm End Hole iCSALGE CSsE 1x8mmEndhHole 1x 8mm End Hole _ 2251EM high 2 x 5mm Holes 2 x 5mm Holes ECO100 2x5mmHoles 2x5mm Holes Please also make sure you use the correct baffles Baffles are plastic inserts that help to maximise the aspirated air flow trough the detectors Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 15 Response Times and Dilution Dilution and response times are two factors that can cause the system to under perform 4 3 1 Response Times The transport time of a system is the time taken for a smoke particle to travel from the sampling point to the detector The response time is the transport time plus any delays set in the detector In any situation where an air sampling system is being used early detection is vital and therefore response times are kept to a minimum The simplest method of achieving this is to keep pipe lengths to a minimum Example The advantage of multiple sampling pipes e
7. b floor area even if it is not part of the main air conditioning system A typical example will be if they contain power or data cables as shown in the picture below Pipe work to BS6266 1992 for primary detection Preferred sub floor fixing of pipes Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 24 4 8 2 Ceilings In some cases it is advisable to monitor a ceiling void even if it is not part of the main air conditioning system A typical example will be if they contain power or data cables as shown in the picture below Pipe work to BS6266 1992 for primary detection Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 25 4 9 Unusual Applications Due to the fact that most installations take place in different environments the guidelines above are fairly flexible The exceptions come when exceptional environments are involved If the area is essentially a room with or without AHUs then the rules are straightforward and vary little from place to place Unusual applications are those which deviate in some way that changes the way the air movements may behave These include high areas voids restricted areas or those which have safety considerations and places where samples may be contaminated with dust In these different and variable situations it is vital to perform smoke tests to establish the air movements 4 9 1 High Areas Typical examples Atria When designing a system to fit in a ver
8. both a sturdy and safe end point and also an aesthetically pleasing one These can be screwed to walls or ceilings and also incorporate filters Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 11 4 Detailed Design and Installation 4 1 The Design Process When designing the actual sampling pipe network there are many factors that need to be considered The site must be carefully surveyed and as much information as possible should be gathered The ASD Planning and Overview Form and the ASD Design Form from the BFPSA COP come in handy at this stage 4 1 1 Requirements It is critical to define requirements and expectations at an early stage Consider carefully the following points What are the end users expectations What are the risks What sensitivity is required from the system What area is to be covered What response times are required Without concrete answers to the above there is the hazard of a badly performing system and an unsatisfied customer Once these have been decided the type of situation can be looked at 4 1 2 Activities The types of activities that take place within the space are very important A public area of a particular shape could well have different system requirements than a private place of a similar shape Some different examples are outlined below Other information such as the expected hours of operation whether the area is manned or unmanned and whether any pollution
9. ccurring is to ensure that all pipes are a similar or preferably equal length Typical examples Prisons atria ducts elevator shafts escalators display cabinets stables and residences Design Criterion e Design to BS EN 54 BS 5839 Pt 1 that states that no point in the room should be further away from a detector than 7 5 meters e Each traditional detector should cover an area no greater than 100 square meters e Keep the pipe lengths as similar as possible to ensure a balanced system and minimal response times Distance A maximum 5 m Distance B maximum 10 m Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 20 This layout is showing point detectors in a simple 400 square meter building Layouts showing a sampling system in a simple 400 square meter building A pipe covers the same area The red dots show the position of the sampling holes which are identical to the position of the point detectors above The width of the pipes and the detector in the picture are enlarged in order to make them clearly visible Always use a grid overlay to determine the correct positioning of the pipe network and ensuring full area covering Md Wrong positioning as not all of the area is covered Correct positioning as all of the area is covered Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 21 4 6 2 Capillary Sampling Short lengths of small diameter flexible pipe may be spurred
10. d in these environments The other major advantage of air sampling systems is that of maintenance Due to the simple pipe work arrangements the detector can be located in a position that is easily accessible serviceable and visible Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 29
11. ed It may in certain cases be favoured to use standard plastic conduit to avoid attention and tampering At all times make sure the installation conforms to local regulations and is approved by local authorities NOTE Pipes should be glued together to avoid separation or leaks but the pipes must not be glued into the unit itself Removable unions should be used where maintenance may require pipes to be taken apart or removed 3 3 1 Detector Units e ASD1 amp 2 One and 2 pipe units with traditional point detectors conventional and or analogue addressable detectors Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 6 3 3 2 Pipe Sections and Fittings e Straight pipe sections Pipes are made of ABS and come in lengths of 3 meter e Straight union Connects the pipes together Make sure pipes and unions are always glued together e T union Allows to T off to one or two sections of pipes e Removable Union Use when a connection is not to be permanent I e when section of pipe needs to removed for maintenance of equipment like with Air Handling Units e Sticker to identify the sampling hole Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 7 e End caps typically with a 6mm hole Used at the end of a pipe run Diameter of the hole determines airflow and is determined in the PipeTracer program e Bends 45 and 909 Always use slow bends as the minimise pressure loss in the syst
12. ely that some areas require more protection than others This could be because of expensive equipment or a particularly vulnerable area such as a store for flammable materials These more susceptible areas must be considered along with any structural hazards such as synthetic materials and foams or soft wood partitioning 4 1 6 Location There are also factors to consider when deciding on the position at which the detector itself will be situated The main aim when positioning the detector unit is to try to ensure a balanced system This means that the pipes should be kept at similar lengths It is also important to try and keep response times and dilution to a minimum These are two very important factors in air sampling and are discussed in more detail in the following section The unit requires a power supply and access will be required for maintenance There may also be aesthetic reasons why a particular position is not suitable Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 13 4 2 Typical layouts of ASD1 amp ASD 2 The following layouts pipe lengths and number of holes are according the VdS test results and approvals Using ASD1 in the type 1 layout pipe run can go up to 50 m The amount of holes in the pipe is depending on the detector that is used See below for details APOLLO DETECTOMAT PL 3200 O 1 x 8mm End Hole PL300 1x8mmeEndHole DP 2061 6 x 4mm Holes SYP 951 2 x 8mm End Hole I HOCH
13. em V e Capillary tubes and sampling points Capillary tubes and associated sampling points allow sampling at a specific location away from the pipes Used with i e with false ceilings cabinets etc Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 8 3 3 3 Brackets e Channel Bracket Used to click on a channel OF e Studding Bracket Used to mount on a treaded rod Q Used to be fixed directly to a wall or ceiling Oe e Closed Pipe Clip Used to be fixed directly to a wall or ceiling e Open Pipe Clip Used to be fixed directly to a wall or ceiling Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 9 3 3 4 Condensation Trap If the air being sampled is hot and humid and there is the possibility of a temperature change causing condensation to form in the sampling pipe a condensation trap can be used to avoid the moisture reaching the detector As shown in the picture below a micro bore pipe is connected to an end cap which forms the trap The moisture will collect in the pipe but run down and eventually out of the system prior to entering the detector Make sure the pipe s are angled down towards the water trap and then onto a local drain or water tight container that should be changed regularly 3 3 5 Heater Element with Condensation Trap When cold air is returned as in cold stores it is important to provide heating elements 30 W to avoid
14. enananadtameneeenenenanae 12 4 1 4 EnNVIrONMENtal COndIUONS cse it aiit inte ono Inte on apasia train rte oa OE 12 4 1 5 RISK Assess MENE cos co ene momo eee a ee tec Eee ree Lee e pec pem 13 4 1 6 Mores remm 13 42 WyplealIavoUts of JASD1 8 ASA o id peetass vo Denev ova AEAN aaa 4 3 Response Times and DIMMUON scs iei ird a UII iano 4 3 Respornse Tnimes qnea DiliBiolisussue cenae dures docu vba Ve Eug E deba tva Cu Quae Ei que Ya avs GoUe Foe ki Tabu ru GU ge edad Ua udis aids E 4 3 1 RESPONSE ipsc E 16 4 3 2 DIO rase 17 dit COMMISSIONING anale to RUES OU MAN becca 4 6 Design for Still Air Environments or Secondary Sampling SyStemS iii 4 6 1 General Sulll Air DESI Mieren nuenean EEE Eo utu Cue take Dee ta tn HAUS AU GNI UII 20 4 6 2 Capillary SSamplib zi 2 5 5 35 G5 9 GU RE ER ESO DO E GUN QOO E EE ER C n a o OR est etes 22 4 7 Design for layouts with Air Ducts or Primary Sampling Systems een mnn 4 8 Design for layouts with Sub floors and ceiling voids eeeeeererrnen nnnm 4 8 1 SUDANOOl Stes cassis E T AAA e uaa tu UE Ru Ea a a ERES 24 4 8 2 CGIlITIES i tot2s29009 2090990 090500000000000 ON 0000 C00D Loo aUo oO COP DoDED OD DoD DoD oco eot Oc OU Do COC CULO 25 49 GSU SN AD DIC COINS seiniin e E were ieee iati Ux kas spi e Ra UD DE Rod ufcrdeice aca eR boe eA 4 9 1 LC RR RR RR RR RA RR CE e Ue Coe 26 4 9 2 Ibi 27 4 9 3 Elevat rs machine rooms ehd SIdfE9 eusccun iei malta ma cou
15. icing of the units See section freezers for more details Heaters always need to be used in conjunction with water traps Make sure the pipe s are angled down towards the water trap and then onto a local drain or water tight container that should be changed regularly Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 10 3 3 6 Filter Elements Wide bore filter The Filter 02 FLU1 is used as a pre filter where aspirating systems are installed to monitor excessively dusty or damp environments Aspirating systems are ideally suited to harsh environments where conventional smoke detectors would fail to operate when subjected to water spray or excessive dust The tubing network can be kept clean with periodic manual or automatic compressed air purges and the air sampling detector can be protected with filter The filter element has a large surface area to minimise the service replacement intervals The particle sizes trapped by the element are 30um and above as standard with other pore sizes available Smoke particles having a typical size of 0 01 2 5 uim will pass through the dust filter and be detected by the laser detector End of line sintered filter for Capillary tubes It is recommended that a sintered end of line filter is used at the end of every capillary tube This will ensure that the airflow is not impeded by blockages such as insects ode A sampling point like the one below can also be used to provide
16. nd shafts As such the detectors are always accessible for test and maintenance without the need to enter the prohibited elevator areas In those areas with excessive dust and dirt a Filter can be used as pre filter The filter element has a large surface area to minimise the service replacement intervals The particle sizes trapped by the element are 30 um and above as standard with other pore sizes available If the air being sampled is hot and humid and there is the possibility of a temperature change causing condensation to form in the sampling pipe a condensation or water trap should be used to avoid the moisture reaching the detector When cold air is returned as in cold stores and freezers it is important to provide heating elements 30 W 230Vac to avoid icing of the units Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 28 4 9 4 Smoke domes Aspiration sensors are also a preferred detection method for smoke extraction domes The detection areas are difficult to access and as stratification can occur it is preferred to sample also along the shaft 4 9 5 Stables amp Live Stock Areas Humidity corrosion dust from hay amp straw and effluent prevent traditional point type smoke detectors from providing an efficient false alarm free environment Air Sampling systems provide not only efficient false alarm free environment but also the sensitivity that is required to provide the evacuation time neede
17. od workmanship to observe the rules of thumb listed below Spacing requirements not to exceed point detector spacing Joints shall be permanently bonded If the sensor is mounted outside the protected area return the exhaust back to the protected area Do not run pipes in areas with different air pressure ABS or PVC Pipe to comply with local quality standards Power supply to comply with local requirements Length of pipe Shorter pipe length gt shorter response times Share per hole Shorter pipes better hole share i e the difference between the flows into the first and last Sampling points are reduced as the pipe gets shorter Number of Bends less bends less travel time and better flow In general e Only smoke tests will show exact smoke path helping the designer to correctly locate pipes and sampling holes Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 19 4 6 Design for Still Air Environments or Secondary Sampling Systems 4 6 1 General Still Air Design Still air environments do not have a pattern for the air movement This means that the sampling points must give general cover across the whole expanse of the area The coverage and layout will closely follow the guidelines for traditional point detectors Failure to design and install a properly thought out pipe network can result in slow response times thereby negating some of the early warning ability of the system The way to avoid any problems o
18. off from the main wide bore pipe These capillaries should have an internal diameter of no less than 7mm and can be up to 1 5 meters length To create the sampling point a sampling point assembly should be used Capillary Sampling is particularly useful for concealed sampling points For aesthetic reasons the sampling points may need to be as unobtrusive as possible Often the main wide bore pipe runs through a ceiling void with capillary sample pipes taken off through the ceiling The sampling holes are made using a sampling point assembly This is a simple assembly into which the capillary tube fits If small insects or dirt is expected a sintered end of line filter can be mounted to the sampling point itself Capillary tubes Ceiling panel or tile Concealed Sampling point fitting Sampling point fitting Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 22 4 7 Design for layouts with Air Ducts or Primary Sampling Systems Return Air Exhaust Air and other Air Conditioning Ducts are typically regions of very high airflow Providing Aspirated Air Sampling Detection Systems in these areas can be very beneficial Large areas can be protected with relatively few detectors and also with minimal intrusion into the protected area thereby reducing the costs of installation and maintenance involved This method is also unobtrusive which can be an important factor in deciding the type of installation for architects and end users
19. or dirty air is present should also be taken into account 4 1 3 Physical Characteristics Once the general installation type has been considered the physical characteristics of the space are looked at and the following questions should be asked e Is itaroom void cabinet or enclosure e Are there any floor or ceiling voids and if so how are they divided are there any ducts what are these used for and are there any services already present What are the exact measurements of the space What materials have been used and are there any areas where the network has to avoid Are there any existing fire protection systems and where are they situated Does the fire load change regularly 4 1 4 Environmental Conditions The environment within the space can have a very significant bearing on which sampling method should be used to protect it As already mentioned the smoke tests are vital in gathering this information This can tell you the patterns of air movement the rate of circulation and whether the airflow is static at any point Other considerations include e If fresh air is introduced at what rate and in what quantity e What is the temperature and relative humidity and are these constant or variable e Are there any activities that may produce smoke dust steam or flames and how often does this occur Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 12 4 1 5 Risk Assessment With any installation it is lik
20. s 2 1 1 Easy access Only the control unit placed at a convenient location requires servicing The alternative is servicing tens of point detectors located in many different rooms 2 1 2 Protection of Voids Inaccessible and High Areas Air samplers are ideal for such situations Sampling points are installed once and then require no further service By contrast point detectors being located in the actual area may be difficult or even impossible to test service or update because of the location 2 1 3 Protection of hostile environments Air samplers are ideal for areas with high level of dust and dirt as well where high humidity is present Filters heaters and water traps provide solutions in these hostile areas 2 1 4 Flexibility Further to the advantages of sampling the systems also benefit from all the features of the panel they are connected to like extra delays double knock and other smart algorithms 2 1 5 Invisible installations Often in situations such as historical buildings it is important to keep the installation from interfering with the d cor or structure The ASD can use on the large bore pipes capillary tubes which are not only small in diameter but are also extremely flexible This enables pipe runs to be hidden in coving or a similarly unobtrusive place The majority of the pipes are above the ceiling or beneath the floor and only the end of the capillary tube is visible Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe In
21. stallation Manual Copyright C 2007 3 3 GENERAL DESIGN 3 1 System layout The majority of aspirated smoke detection systems are used in one of two ways The first is when there is an air handling system in the area to be protected The second is when sampling points are used where one would normally use standard detectors mainly in still air environments There are also specific layouts and applications some of which will be covered later although it is always necessary to look closely at any installation because almost every location is different e A classic system layout is shown below This is the most basic of wide bore set ups Mounting brackets ET Pipe s with sampling holes End cap with hole ASD detector Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 4 3 2 System block diagram Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 9 3 3 Wide bore Systems Units amp Accessories ASD Aspirated Smoke Detector air sampling systems have one or 2 wide bore rigid pipe outlets It is recommended that ABS pipe is used due to its strength and heat resistant properties These pipes can be hung under or in the ceiling of the area to be protected in voids shafts etc Air is drawn in from the protected area through a number of small holes in the sidewall of the pipes The red pipes carrying the warning ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEM DO NOT PAINT OR OBSTRUCT INLETS are preferr
22. tions and or BFPSA Code of Practice for Category 1 Aspirating Detection Systems Aspiration system designers must be familiar with the local standards It is strongly recommended that before designing the pipe work system smoke tests be undertaken in order to show the patterns of air movement within the areas to be protected This is particularly important in rooms with air handling equipment More details are given at relevant points throughout the text Finished installations must be subjected to System Performance Tests The various applicable tests can be found in the BFPSA Code of Practice for ASD s Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 2 2 AIR SAMPLING ICAM offers wide bore air sampling systems with both conventional and analogue addressable point detectors Both types of system have their specific applications ranging from simple duct detection to monitoring atria and many other areas Air sampling is the technique where air is drawn through pipes from protected areas to a central unit where the actual smoke detector is situated This is in contrast with traditional point detectors where the unit is actually in the protected area 2 1 Uses of Air sampling Air sampling offers many benefits e Central service using pipe network e Protection of voids inaccessible high and hostile areas e Invisible installations using micro bore pipes or capillary tube sampling within ceilings or below floor
23. tremely complicated Lower Smoke in ze 1 m density to high density detector Clean Air Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 17 4 4 Commissioning an installation It is necessary to carry out an inspection of the completed installation to check for quality of workmanship correct use of materials and that the installation fully complies with the correct National Standard that the intended ASD systems have been installed to After the wide bore pipe network has been installed before the end cap is put on and before the pipes are attached to the unit it is necessary to clean the internal pipe system to remove unwanted swarf debris and dust which could affect the ASD system performance This may be done by either a positive blowing out of the pipe network with compressed air or by the use of a vacuum cleaner Commissioning tests should be carried out depending on the ASD system application and only when the building is in its normal intended running state Appropriate commissioning tests should also be performed after modifications and or additions to the ASD system BFPSA COP presents a performance test according to the response of a Class C system Always provide for an easy access test hole at the furthest end of all pipe runs Easy access test point Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 18 4 5 Rules of thumb When designing aspiration systems it is go
24. ults will only annunciate when the flow through the detector fails i e failed air pump or blocked holes The end of the pipes should be extended through the side of the duct and have end caps fitted The holes through which the pipes are positioned must be kept airtight The intake should be offset from the exhaust pipe to avoid turbulence with at least 300mm distance A separating the two as well as being at least 50mm different in height The material of the sampling pipes should be suitable for the application i e verify if the duct is carrying extremely hot air or gasses that are not suitable for the standard plastic in which case copper of steel conduit may be used Ensure that an extended pipe run is made outside the duct to allow the sampled air to cool If the air inside the duct is hot and or humid problems will occur if the temperature changes and cause condensation within the cooler sampling pipe outside the ductwork If this is the case use a condensation trap before the sampling pipe enters the detector to stop the ingress of moisture into the detector Ensure that the intake pipe is dropped lower than the detector to house the water trap This further ensures that overflow moisture cannot enter the detector Pressure a curve Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 23 4 8 Design for layouts with Sub floors and ceiling voids 4 8 1 Sub floors In some cases it is advisable to monitor a su
25. y large and high room such as an atrium or high level warehouse it is very important to consider the various possibilities A simple atrium design is shown below utilising two vertical pipes The smoke cloud is shown as an example of how a stratification layer prevents the pipes at the top of the building being effective The height at which the smoke forms a layer varies depending on temperature and therefore a vertical sampling pipe is used to cover this There may be no stratification layer at all if the air in the room is at a particular temperature A detection point at and the level of the smoke extraction dome and having the detector a man height is the safest and most maintenance friendly solution for these domes ASD detector Smoke stratification Sampling pipes layer at thermal equilibrium Part No 09 0003 12 ASD Pipe Installation Manual Copyright C 2007 26 4 9 2 Prisons The ultimate advantage of air sampling in prisons is the inmate incapacity of vandalism and tampering The air from the protected area is actively sampled through a network of pipes These pipes typically have one sample hole per cell The sampling pipe and air sampling hole s are concealed inside the cell often in light fittings or inconspicuously in the HVAC system Typically the sampling hole is installed in the return air grille Alternatively flush capillary Sampling Points can be used concealed in the cell The ASD unit itself can be protected by
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search