Manual - Turner Designs
Contents
1. before running Standard Use UP or DOWN arrow to adjust Table RANGE High Medium Low FS PPB TC 8 SEC Range MED Span 48 Press lt gt after reading is stable 2 3 Press lt 4 gt and see Set concentration range 1 Display range 2 Set range 3 Set range control October 1998 Full Scale Value table Blank equivalent value Press lt 1 8 gt Manual Serial Data Output it using external data logging sends data point with numerical marker to nl computer E nt nn From MAIN MENU From screen 2 0 press the a number on ithe keypad to change the calibration factor l e pressing lt 2 gt allows you to enter the standard solution concentration Pressing lt 5 gt allows you to select the itime constant ji Press lt 1 gt from screen 2 1 and see Use UP or DOWN arrow to set Blank to less than 200 Blank XX TC 8 lt SEC Range MED Span 48 Press lt 0 gt after reading is stable 2 11 Turner Designs Full Scale Value High 900 000 PPM 90 000 PPM Low 9 000 PPM Press lt 3 gt Instr temp Lamp OK Within range OK Oper since lt ENT gt to next screen 3 1 Press lt ENT gt Temp comp readout Fluorecscence readout PM signal output Cal std val Blank FS XX of XXX PPB at MED Span level lt ENT gt to next screen 3 2 Press lt 4 gt from MAIN MENU Set2. clock Current time and date 6 26 43 PM 1 22 97 Set lt 1 gt Hour lt 2 gt AM PM lt 3 gt Min lt 4 gt Month lt 5 gt Date lt 6 gt Year 4 0 Press the appropriate number on the keypad to change the desired time or date factor l i Visible only if optional temperature compensation purchased Visible only if optional internal data logging purchased Visible only if One Way internal logging strategy chosen s Visible only if optional electronic chart recording purchased i Press lt 5 gt Internal data logging 1 View data 2 Logging configuration 3 Status Data set no out of 48 sets Percentage of memory left 4 Download data to computer 5 Erase data from memory 5 0 Press lt 1 gt and see 44 Interval Log temp Starting date time Ending date time Press lt ENT gt for next data set Press lt gt to see chart 5 1 Press lt gt from 5 1 and see 1 22 97 16 11 29 107 000 105 4 F Press lt 2 gt and see Loggin configuration 1 Interval Total data logging time Method 2 3 Strategy 4 Log temperature October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 5 SETTING THE BASIC OPERATING LEVEL The basic operating level of the Model 10 AU must be set for your application before calibrating the instru ment for the first time Thereafter it is NOT necessary to adjust the basic o
3. concentrations if the FS on the Full scale table FS The table on screen 2 3 higher ranges is acceptable indicates full scale FS the maximum concentration or raw fluorescence data that can be read on each of the three ranges at the current Span level Keepin OVER means that the signal from the standard exceeds mind that the numbers are full scale values and it is the sensitivity level of the instrument for that range not necessary or likely that the FS values will match Reduce Span or go to a higher range See next page the concentration of your standard y STs gt 9999 means the reading exceeds the maximum number of digits allowed See the Routine Operation section of these instructions Read help lt gt before running Standard Use UP or DOWN arrow to adjust Table Tells you what range the RANGE High Medium Low instrument is currently FS PPB 900 000 90 000 9 000 operating in i e HIGH MED or LOW TC 8 SEC Range MED Span 48 Press lt gt after reading is stable 2 3 TIME CONSTANT TC Note that during Equivalent to a fine adjustment of sensitivity Span is calibration when Span is being adjusted and T adjusted in a continuous manner by pressing T or 4 or Lis pressed the TC will automatically cycle Press lt T gt to increase Span and lt J gt to decrease it through the TC values beginning with 1 second NOTE FS increases as Span decreases and vice to give you the fastes
4. for the first time Thereafter lock it down and DO NOT adjust unless you want to change the operating level significantly or unless you change to a different optical filter kit After the initial adjustment of this knob sensitivity will be set during calibration using the keypad You MUST recalibrate your instrument if the knob is adjusted See p 6 or Appendix 6B of the user s mamual 2 October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 3 DIGITAL DISPLAY AND SCREENS OVERVIEW See the Screens Flow Chart next page Turner Designs SCREENS Built into the fluorometer are a series 5 of computerized screens which are called up using the keypad and shown on the digital display For easy identification the active screens have a number in the lower or upper right hand corner Instructions and changes are entered on the keypad DIGITAL DISPLAY CONTRAST The contrast of the LCD can be adjusted on any screen except screen 2 11 Run Blank and screen 2 3 Run Standard by pressing T or J NOTE If the screen is dark or dim when your fluorometer is turned on check the contrast first It is possible that the contrast has been decreased so much that the screen is too dark to view HOME Screen When the instrument is turned on the HOME screen is displayed except when accessing or viewing other screens Samples are read on the HOME screen See page 13 If an alarm is activated when the instrument is operati
5. lt 2 gt and see HOME display options 1 Readout 2 Units of measurement Press lt 3 gt and see Bar graph 1 Display bar graph 2 Zero point 3 Full scale 4 Scale control Continued next column Turner Designs Isequence See screen 1 6 f Press lt 4 gt from screen 1 0 and see Output 1 Full scale voltage Serial data out 1 Baud rate Press lt 6 gt and see Miscellaneous 1 Backlight off time 2 Beeper status 3 Discrete sample averaging 4 Security ID check Press lt 7 gt and see Temperature 1 Display temperature 2 Temperature nomenclature 3 Compensation format 4 Temperature coef 5 Reference temperature Press lt ESC CONC MED MAN Time Const 2 SEC Sample temp XXX PPB Press lt lt gt 0 0 499 5 999 Press lt 1 8 gt lt gt for help 4 41 05 PM 1 25 97 HOME screen Press lt ENT gt MAIN MENU 1 Operational parameters 2 Calibration 3 Diagnostic information 4 clock 5 Internal data logger lt gt for help Press lt 3 5 gt Press lt 2 gt Calibration 1 Blanking 2 Standard soln conc 3 Run Standard solution 4 Concentration range 5 Time constant 6 Reset calibration defaults Cal std val Blank Press lt 1 gt and see Blanking 1 Run Blank Press lt 1 gt 2 Subtract Blank Press lt 3 gt and see Read help lt gt
6. standard Full scale FS functions like an analog Indicates the sensitivity of the instrument meter It indicates the current sample s as set during calibration on screen 2 11 percentage of full scale reading atthe Run Blank and screen 2 3 Run Standard currentconcentration range without Solution Range is 0 99 with a default temperature compensation It is also of 48 Span is a fine adjustment of used to set the basic operating level of sensitivity Coarse adjustment is made the instrument before operating for the using the Sensitivity Adjustment Knob first time Fluorescence signal at a given range for current sample range depends on the sensitivity with blank Standard Soln Conc x Sample Output subtracted unless you set screen Cal std val 2 12 to NO Fluorescence readout formula Actual concentration of a value of fluorescence solution as entered on screen 2 2 signal for the standard solution during calibration set and stored on screen 2 3 Run Standard Solution with blank subtracted unless you set screen 2 12 to NO For details of screen 3 2 including information on Temp comp readout see Appendix 5B screen 3 2 Turner Designs 15 October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions NOTES 998 0014 version 1 1 16 10 98
7. 2 4 and finally 8 most stable and accurate During calibration if T or 4 is not pressed the TC remains at 8 Turner Designs Equivalent to a fine adjustment of sensitivity Span is adjusted in a continuous manner by pressing T or J Press lt T gt to increase Span and lt J gt to decrease it When minimum sensitivity is reached the words lt MIN SEN gt will appear just above the Span lt MAX SEN gt will appear above the Span when maximum sensitivity is reached 9 October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions C Run Standard Screen 2 3 Normally your standard will be a known concentration of the material that you plan to quantitate The standard is run on screen 2 3 and consists of adjusting the Span using the lt UP gt and lt DOWN gt arrows until the read ings on the Full Scale FS table are satisfactory for your study For single point calibrations and where a known concentration is needed choose a standard with a concentra tion approximately 80 of the highest concentration you are reading but still well within the linear range for your substance See Appendix 6A Linearity of the user s manual You can use a less concentrated standard but ahigher concentration will provide greater accuracy BLK gt FS means that blank is higher than full scale on that range You will not be able to use that range for sample readings This is acceptable if blank is high and you want to read high
8. T gt to next screen Adjust the Sensitivity Adjustment Knob until the FS reads as recommended For Rhodamine WT 70 90 of 90 000 at MED For chlorophyll 30 50 of 900 000 at HIGH It is NOT necessary to be exact readings can be fine tuned during calibration using the Span arrows T and 4 Turning the Sensitivity Knob clockwise increases FS sensitivity turning it counterclockwise decreases FS The Sensitivity Adjustment Knob is very respon sive Thus turn it very slightly Then pause until the reading reaches equilibrium Repeat until desired FS is obtained October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions When you have reached the maximum or mini mum the FS will not change even though you turn the control 7 When the desired reading is obtained LOCK the Sensitivity Adjustment Lock by turning it clock wise with the Allen wrench The basic operating level is now set and you will use the Span and concentration ranges during calibration to set sensitivity for reading samples 8 Press lt ESC gt to get out of screen 3 2 9 Now calibrate your Model 10 AU Turner Designs 7 October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 6 CALIBRATION Calibration is begun from Screen 2 0 Menu items on Screen 2 0 are defined below followed by separate pages defining Screen 2 11 Run Blank and Screen 2 3 Run Standard A step by step calibration procedure can be found on page 11 A
9. TURNER DESIGNS 845 W Maude Avenue Sunnyvale CA 94086 408 749 0994 FAX 408 749 0998 Internet http www turnerdesigns com Model 10 AU 005 CE Fluorometer Quick Start Operating Instructions Table of Contents Introduction Instrument Controls amp Indicators Digital Display and Screens Overview Screens Flow Chart Setting the Basic Operating Level Calibration A The Calibration Menu Screen 2 0 B Run Blank Screen 2 11 C Run Standard Screen 2 3 D Calibration Procedure Routine Operation The HOME Screen Diagnostics Screen 3 1 0 Diagnostics Screen 3 2 1 INTRODUCTION These instructions are designed to provide an overview of the functions of your 10 AU 005 CE Fluorometer They include basic information to help you get started and should be adequate for straightforward measurements involving rhodamine WT or fluorescein follow the procedures for rhodamine in these instructions or extracted chlorophyll For Short or Long Wavelength Oil refer to the user s manual The procedures and functions in these Quick Start pages are discussed in detail in the 10 AU 005 CE Fluorometer User s Manual If you run into any difficulty while following these instructions please refer to your user s manual The user s manual also contains information about optical filters principles of fluorescence data collection sample system and much more Consult the table of contents or the index of the field or laboratory u
10. appear just above the units of measurement during the sequence See Appendix 5A screen 1 63 of the user s manual Turner Designs Press lt ENT gt left arrow Call up the Full Scale Value Table indicat ing the maximum concentration or raw fluorescence signal that can be read on each range under the current calibration MAINMENU 1 Operational parameters 2 Calibration 3 Diagnostic information 4 Clock lt gt for help If the security ID is enabled you will be prompted for ID entry before you are allowed access to the MAIN MENU See Appendix 5A screen 1 64 of the user s manual It is the policy of Turner Designs to provide ID access information by phone if a user requests it 13 October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 9 DIAGNOSTICS SCREEN 3 1 Screen 3 1 contains information about the status of internal fluorometer functions and readings If these values are normal it is highly probable that the instrument is functioning correctly See Table 2 in Section 4 of the user s manual for defaults and ranges for internal fluorometer functions Indicates the power level in percentage Confirms AC power is at 115 V when reading is 100 If your instrument is operating on 230VAC as long as the power level is greater than 10 the instrument will function properly For DC power 10 2 V is 0 and 12 V is 100 We have found that a 12 volt battery indicates a
11. ccess Screen 2 0 by pressing lt 2 gt from the Main Menu A The Calibration Menu Screen 2 0 Actual concentration of the standard you are using l e 20 ppb 100 ppm You enter the value on screen 2 2 See Run Standard screen 2 3 page 10 The Model 10 AU is designed with three concentration ranges HIGH MEDIUM and LOW which allow measurements of samples of varying concentrations The High range will read samples 10 times more concentrated than the Medium range and Medium will read samples 10 times more concentrated than the Low range The ranges are analogous toa series of maps each more detailed i e with better resolu tion than the next but covering asmaller area The HIGH range could be thought of as a map of Europe the MEDIUM range as a map of England the LOW range as a street map of London Ranges can be changed by accessing screen 2 42 and pressing lt ENT gt Turner Designs See Run Blank screen 2 1 next page Calibration 1 Blanking 2 Standard soln conc 3 Run Standard solution 4 Concentration range 5 Time constant 6 Reset calibration defaults 2 0 XXX units MED MAN 2 SEC If set for auto ranging the instru ment will change ranges auto matically in response to varying concentrations to provide the best resolution for the sample being read This is particularly useful for continuous flow studies and on line monitoring For discrete
12. ce filter or changing to a smaller cuvette size See Appendix 6A of the user s manual DISPLAY FLASHES 39939 If the reading exceeds 999 the maximum allowable for the HOME screen the display will flash gt 999 Check the calibration table by pressing the left arrow If the full scale reading for the current range is less than 9999 999 you can try reading your samples on screen 3 2 See Appendix 5B screen 3 2 of the user s manual Turner Designs 12 consider your data collection options Details can be found in Appendix 11 of the user s manual SENSITIVITY SETTING RETRIEVAL Forlong term studies or where you would like to repeat a study with precision it is possible to return to a previous instrument sensitivity setting In order to retrieve a setting you must make a note of three parameters high voltage range Span before your study is complete Seee Appendix 6C of the user s manual October 1998 8 THE HOME SCREEN 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions From screen 1 22 you may Sample reading with user settable select a unit designation for units accurate after proper calibra your readout You may also tion The screen can display a elect to display raw fluores maximum of 3 digits rounded off cence data or direct concen from the readings on screen 3 2 tration accurate after proper which can support 7 digits calibration If RAW is chosen XXXX XXX foreach range Areading RAW wil
13. his message indicates that the NVRAM internal battery is low The instrument will still operate but every time it is turned off it will lose instrument settings and calibration settings See Section 4 of the user s manual for details ALARM SCREEN An alarm screen indicates what alarm s has been triggered and diagnostic screens provide information on various internal fluorometer functions MOVING THROUGH SCREENS The screens provide instructions on how to move back and forth between them in most cases you use lt ENT gt Pressing the number for a menu item accesses the screen for that function You can escape to the previous screen by pressing lt ESC gt CORRECTING ERRORS The left arrow can be used to correct typing errors when data are being entered or changed It acts as a backspace or delete key RESPONSE DELAY Under certain conditions i e when sensitivity is adjusted or instrument settings are changed etc the digital display will not react immediately to the change but will respond after a delay of about 10 seconds October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 4 SCREENS FLOW CHART Lamp is Off Bad ALARM High Volt Too Low lt ESC gt to HOME screen Initiates Discrete Sample Averaging Press lt 1 gt 1 Alarm 2 HOME display options 3 Bar graph 4 Output 5 Serial data out 6 Miscellaneous 7 Temperature Alarm 1 Monitor alarm Press
14. l Blank is less than 200 Wait for the reading to stabilize before pressing lt 0 gt NOTE Press ing lt ESC gt on screen 2 11 before pressing lt 0 gt will abort the blank run and retain the current settings for blank 5 RUN STANDARD a Press lt HOME gt While on the HOME screen insert your standard and replace the light cap if running discrete samples WAIT about 10 seconds while the instrument finds the correct range b Then access screen 2 3 from HOME by pressing lt ENT gt lt 2 gt and lt 3 gt NOTE Pressing lt ESC gt on screen 2 3 before press ing lt gt will abort the standard run and retain the current settings c When readings are stable press lt gt NOTE If reading a particularly low or high concentration standard you can adjust the Span using T and J which increases or decreases sensitivity Adjusting the Span can provide more or less sensitivity range for reading samples without having to reset the basic operating level FS increases as Span decreases and vice versa Always WAIT about 10 seconds for readings to stabilize after pressing T or 4 before pressing lt gt Refer to the user s manual Section 3 for details 6 Press lt HOME to return to the HOME screen and you are ready to begin reading samples 11 October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 7 ROUTINE OPERATION Once the instrument is calibrated insert a cuvette containing your
15. l appear as the Concentration range CONC and greater than 999 will flash gt 999 unit designation Appendix whether you are operating in the AUTO or MANUAL mode See Appendix 5B screen 3 2 of the 5A screen 1 21 of the user s user s manual manual Set range on screen 2 42 AUTO MAN on screen 2 43 Time constant see definition under screens CONC MED MAN XXX PPB If an alarm is activated when 2 11 and 2 3 Time Const 2 SEC the instrument is operating the words ALARM ON will At the option of the user flash here and the audio HOME may also display alarm will beep unless you an analog bar graph 0 499 5 999 have turned off the beeper access screen 1 3 to Press lt ESC gt to view any change zero andfullscale lt gt forhelp 4 42 05 PM 1 25 93 activ arme 508 Section points or set to auto 4 of the user s manual scale See Appendix 5A screen 1 3 of the user s ee Time Date manual Press lt Pressing lt gt initiates the Discrete Sample Averaging sequence which averages the readings over auser settable period and freezes the digital display for 10 seconds so you can note the reading Thus each sample can be read after the same amount of time has passed and the averaging and freezing of the display minimizes both the inconvenience and potential error when readings fluctuate When lt gt is pressed the words Delay then Ave and finally DONE will
16. ncentration range intermediate when in the MED range and highest in the LOW concentration range High voltage can be increased or decreased using the Sensitivity Adjustment Knob Once you have set the basic operating level and LOCKED the Sensitivity Knob Lock high voltage should remain relatively stable for each of the ranges It is a good indicator of the stability of the instrument thus you might want to record the high voltage level whenever you read a series of samples Turner Designs 14 October 1998 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 10 DIAGNOSTICS SCREEN 3 2 Output 0 to 9999 999 based on putting the fluorescence signal into the Fluores cence Readout formula below without temperature compensation Value sent to digital display rounded off to 3 digits Output from the photomultiplier tube Stored value offluorescense Fluorescence readout XXXX XXX PM signal output XXXX XXX Stored value of fluorescence solution set and stored on signal for blank solution set screen 2 3 Run Standard and stored on screen 2 11 Solution with blank sub Cal std val XXX XX Blank XX XXX Run Blank This value will be tracted unless you set FS XX of XXXX XXX PPB at MED used by the instrument to screen 2 12 to NO Span level 48 calculate direct concentra ENT gt to next screen tion or raw fluorescence 2 unless you set screen 2 12 to NO Blank is not temperature compensated signal for the
17. ng the words ALARM OWN will flash in the upper right hand portion of the HOME screen Press lt ESC gt to see the alarm screen You can usually go to the HOME screen by pressing lt HOME gt except while in a help screen You must first exit the help screen by pressing lt ESC gt MAIN MENU From the HOME screen you can access the Main Menu by pressing lt ENT gt From the Main Menu press a number to access 1 Operational parameters not reviewed in these instructions refer to Appendix 5A of the user s manual Calibration see pages 8 11 Diagnostic information see pages 14 15 Clock to set press lt 4 gt and follow instructions on the screen D NOTE Ifthe security ID is enabled the fluorometer will ask for an ID entry before access to screens other than HOME is allowed 10 HELP SCREENS The HOME screen the Main Menu and the calibration screens have help screens called up by pressing lt gt which list the commands and instructions for the screens NOTE You MUST exit the help screen by pressing lt ESC gt before keying other commands The system will ignore commands given unless the help screen is exited first WARNING SCREENS There are warning screens throughout which will alert you to invalid entries NVRAM WARNING SCREEN After several years a warning screen will be displayed when the instrument is turned on WARNING NEW NVRAM lt 1 gt to set default T
18. ondhe Cap contains the lamp and filters check the contrast first AC power cable converts AC to DC ON OFF Glows red when Fluorometer power is on Sunnyvale Calfomia fe aaa SENSITIVITY KNOBLOCK Locks POWER TELEMETRY HOLDER the Sensitivity Adjustment Knob CONNECTOR Contains both the See Appendix 8 INTAKE For continuous flow Drain for discrete samples Turner Designs MUST be locked to prevent change in basic operating level and error in readings KEYPAD Used to enter new screens The left arrow can be used as a backspace delete key If the security ID is enabled then 30 minutes after the last keypress the instrument will return to the HOME screen See Appendix 5A screen 1 64 for information about the security ID values and to move about among power input pins and the data output pins An AC Power and Signal Cable is standard with the 10 AU unless another configuration is requested To supply power screw on the power cable and plug into power source See Appendix 11 for pin inputs and outputs WRENCH HOLDER Small opening in the casting that contains a retainer for storing the 5 32 Allen wrench used for the Sensitivity Knob Lock and hex nuts SENSITIVITY ADJUSTMENT KNOB This recessed black screw sets the basic operating level sensitivity of the instrument and is locked into position by the Sensitivity Adjustment Lock The level must be set BEFORE calibrating
19. perating level unless you change applications or cuvette sizes See Appendix 6B of the user s manual The basic operating level is set on Screen 3 2 using the Sensitivity Adjustment Knob For Screen 3 2 definitions see page 15 Please note that the Model 10 AU is quite forgiving in terms of operating level and should give satisfactory results even at a low operating level The goal when setting the basic operating level is a mid range level of sensitivity for a typical sample concentration that will provide optimum results over a broad range of concentrations The procedure below will work well for most dye tracer studies using Rhodamine WT It will provide satisfac tory readings for extracted chlorophyll using 13 mm cuvettes For in vivo chlorophyll or mapping refer to Appendix 6B of the user s manual f you plan to read very low or very high concentrations of dye or chloro phyll or run into difficulty while following these instruc tions refer to the user s manual Appendix 6B NOTE When using the discrete sample cuvette holder take care not to spill liquids inside the fluorom eter sample chamber If you do have a spill turn off the fluorometer immediately and consult the Sample System appendix of your user s manual 1 Plug inthe instrument Turn the power ON Allow it to warm up for 10 minutes 2 Prepare one of the following standards or obtain pre made standards from Turner Designs a 100 ppb 20 ppb acti
20. pproximately 70 this is more than INSTRUMENT TEMPERATURE adequate The low power level alarm will be indicates the internal temperature of above 90 C or falls below 20 C based on internal sensor accuracy Indicates the speed in rpm 5 C it will trigger an alarm of the chopper motor which spins an optical device It is regulated to 600 rpm Diagnostic 1 by internal software and hardware If it falls below Bodcanielalm ietiggeted Pwr level 100 Instr temp XX C LAMP reports whether Chopper RPM 601 Lamp ON the lamp is OFF BAD High Volt XXX V Within Range or ON Ckt status XXXX Oper hour XXX lt ENT gt to next screen OPERATION HOUR shows how many OPERATION SINCE shows the hours the instrument has been operated earliest date at which the instrument has been operated CIRCUIT STATUS reports a numerical value continuously for one hour and whether it is OK or failure The value depends on the range the fluorometer is in In HIGH is should be about 36 in MED about 360 in LOW about 3600 HIGH VOLTAGE reports a numerical value and whether that value is Within Range or Too High or Too Low High voltage is one indication of the current operating level of the fluorometer The number will vary the higher the number the lower the concentration range and typically the greater the noise of the readings High voltage will be lowest when the instrument is in the HIGH co
21. reen has a minus sign in front of it it means that the sample is less concentrated than blank This is more likely where you have calibrated with high blank In cases of high blank where the calibration table full scale value for a range reads BLK gt FS which means than blank is higher than full scale on that range you will not be able to use that range for sample readings 3 DISCRETESAMPLE AVERAGING Decide OVER In the manual mode if the readout flashes whether to use the Discrete Sample Averaging OVER it means the concentration reads higher capability If so access screen 1 63 and set the than full scale for the current range If for pre delay period default is 15 seconds and the example the Model 10 AU is in MED and the averaging period This is auseful feature for reading is OVER access screen 2 42 and ensuring consistent readings on discrete samples change to the HIGH range Return to the HOME especially with temperature sensitive samples screen to view the readout 4 DATALOGGING Before reading samples If the reading is OVER on the High range then the concentration exceeds the upper limits of detectability of the Model 10 AU as currently calibrated You might try diluting the sample 1 1 5 until you obtain an on scale reading to get some idea of the concentration Or you can reduce the sensitivity of the instrument by recalibrating and reducing the Span level Or consider changing the referen
22. sample into the Sample Compartment or start sample flowing through the flow cell and read the concentration or raw relative fluorescence dataon the HOME screen Refer to the HOME screen figure Note You can view and save sample readings to 7 significant digits by exporting the serial data output to a computer Or access screen 2 2 and reduce the standard right for definitions of items displayed 1 AUTO RANGING Decide whether you wantto operate in the AUTO or MAN ranging mode In the AUTO mode the instrument will choose the range that gives the best resolution Ordindarily for continuous flow studies set to AUTO For discrete samples the manual mode is preferred To activate auto ranging access screen 2 43 and set to AUTO MANUAL OPERATION If you choose to operate in the manual mode you will have to change ranges yourself when concentrations are too high or too low for the range currently active If you want the best possible resolution for your reading especially on low concentrations read your sample in the lowest range in which you can obtain an on scale reading solution concentration by a factor of 10 l e if it was 500 set it to 50 or 5 if necessary to make the full scale reading less than 999 If you do this make note of the factor as all of your samples will have to be multiplied by this factor to determine the actual concentration or relative fluorescence MINUS If the readout on the HOME sc
23. samples some users prefer the MAN mode Can be set to 1 2 4 or 8 seconds One second allows you to see rapid changes in readout 8 seconds gives more stable readings Cal std val XXX XXX Blank XX XXX Stored value of fluorescence output for the standard as set and stored on screen 2 3 Run Standard with blank sub tracted unless you set screen 2 12 to NO This value is used by the instrument to calculate direct concentration or relative fluorescence See screen 3 2 Appendix 5B of the user s manual Calibration values canbe returned to the default position on screen 2 6 Default values FS HIGH 900 FS MED 90 FS LOW 9 Span 48 Blank 0 000 Cal Std Val 50 000 standard soln conc 15 000 Stored value of fluores cence output for blank solution as set and stored on screen 2 11 Run Blank This value will be used by the instrument to calculate direct concentration or raw fluorescence unless you set screen 2 12 to NO October 1998 B Run Blank Screen 2 11 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions BLANKING Blank is run on screen 2 11 Access screen 2 11 by pressing lt 1 gt from screen 2 0 then lt 1 gt again Before measuring sample a blank should always be collected A blank is a sample of the water or solution you will work with taken before any of the substance to be measured has been added This fluid should be the matrix for your standard and will be used
24. ser s manual for the location of pertinent information To operate your fluorometer Step 1 Set the basic operating level You will only need to do this once before operating your instrument for the first time See pages 6 7 Step 2 Calibrate the instrument See pages 8 11 Step 3 Read samples See pages 12 13 998 0014 version 1 1 1 10 98 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 2 INSTRUMENT CONTROLS amp INDICATORS LIGHT CAP Used with the Discrete Sample Cuvette Holder It prevents external light from falling on the light detector Keep in place even when the instrument is not in operation to prevent dirt and moisture from entering the Sample Compartment SAMPLE COMPARTMENT Where Discrete Sample Cuvette Holder DIGITAL DISPLAY The liquid crystal display LCD shows the screens and displays the HOME screen The backlight can be turned on by pressing a key on any screen The backlight will go off automatically when a user set time from 10 3600 seconds expires after the last keypress Appendix 5A screen 1 61 Contrast of the LCD can be adjusted by pressing the up or down arrow on most screens If the screen is dark or dim 4 AMP FUSE DC POWER Fuse can be changed by pushing in and turning counter clockwise NOTE There is no AC fuse Light or Flow Cell is installed It also when your fluorometer is turned on ix tansionier
25. t response time then versa When minimum sensitivity is reached the moving to 2 4 and finally 8 most stable and words lt MIN SEN gt will appear just above the Span accurate During calibration if T or 4 is not lt MAX SEN gt will appear above the Span when pressed the TC remains at 8 maximum sensitivity is reached Turner Designs 10 October 1998 D Calibration Procedure When calibrating you are telling the instrument what zero is Run Blank and what a known concentration is Run Standard and you are adjusting the sensitivity using the keypad Span function so that you can read the concentrations of samples you desire Once calibrated with a standard of known concentration the Model 10 AU will give you direct concentration readout of samples NOTE EPA Chlorophyll Method 445 0 requires before and after acidification calculations Refer to your user s manual Section 3 and Appendix 6B if you are not using a known standard or if you are attempting to read samples at very low concentrations NOTE Changes in sample and ambient temperature air bubbles in the sample and linear range of the substance can significantly affect your results See Appendix 6A of the user s manual BEFORE YOU BEGIN if you have not already done so set the Basic Operating Level p 6 Have ready a blank and a standard of known concentration For the best results over a broad range of concentrations choose a standard concentra
26. tion approximately 80 of the maximum concentration within the linear range you want to read Range for Rhodamine WT 25 mm round cuvette low parts per trillion to 500 ppb 100 ppb of 20 active ingredient Range for chlorophyll a extracted 13 mm round cuvette 0 05 ppb ug L to 250 ppb ug L 1 Plug inthe instrument Turn the power ON Allow it to warm up for 10 minutes 2 Using the keypad set the instrument parameters as follows a Access screen 2 43 and set the concentration range control to AUTO b On screen 2 52 set the time constant to 2 seconds 3 From screen 2 0 press lt 2 gt to access screen 2 2 standard solution value Enter the actual concen tration for your standard l e 100 ppb for the Rhodamine WT or 20 ug L etc for chlorophyll Turner Designs 10 AU 005 CE Quick Start Operating Instructions 4 RUN BLANK a From 2 0 press lt 1 gt to access screen 2 1 and make sure item 2 says YES If not change to YES on screen 2 12 Press lt HOME to return to the HOME screen b While on HOME screen insert your blank and replace the light cap if running discrete samples WAIT about 10 seconds while the instrument determines the correct range c Then access screen 2 11 from HOME by pressing lt ENT gt lt 2 gt lt 1 gt and lt 1 gt d When the reading is stable if Blank is less than 200 press lt 0 gt If not reduce the Span by pressing 4 on the keypad unti
27. to set the instrument to read zero SUBTRACT BLANK You can decide whether or not you would like blank to be subtracted by accessing screen 2 12 NO setting means only that blank will not be subtracted from either the raw fluorescence or the concentration readout it does not affect the current blank value as set during the last calibration The maximum blanking capability is 200 of full scale 300 i e about 67 of the available signal can be used for blank leaving 33 for samples more than sufficient given the fluorometer s sensitivity Once blanking is accomplished on one range it is set for all ranges The Model 10 AU automatically compensates for changes in concentration ranges It is not necessary to adjust the Blank to any particu lar number as long as it is less than 200 A low percentage number is preferred NOTE The instru ment will NOT prevent you from exceeding 200 Use UP or DOWN arrow to set Blank to less than 200 Blank Tells you what range the instrument is currently operating in i e HIGH MED or LOW Ideally Blanking in LOW is recommended TC 8 SEC Range LOW Span 48 Press lt 0 gt after reading is stable 2 11 TIME CONSTANT TC Note that during calibration when Span is being adjusted and T or 4 is pressed the TC will automatically cycle through the TC values beginning with 1 second to give you the fastest response time then moving to
28. ve ingredient Rhodamine WT for studies using the 25 mm cuvette or continuous flow cell b 150 200 ppb ug L chlorophyll in 90 acetone for chlorophyll studies extracted using the 13 mm round cuvette 3 Using the keypad of the Model 10 AU a Access screen 2 43 and set the concentration range control to MAN From screen 2 0 press lt 4 gt then lt 3 gt Press lt ENT gt to toggle to MAN Turner Designs b On screen 2 42 for Rhodamine WT set the instrument to the MED concentration range For chlorophyll set the range to HIGH From screen 2 0 press lt 4 gt then lt 2 gt Press lt ENT gt to toggle to MED or HIGH c Onscreen 2 6 reset the calibration values to their default position l e Blank will be zero Cal std val will be 50 000 Standard soln conc will be 15 000 Span will be 48 etc From screen 2 0 press lt 6 gt then lt 9 gt five times d On screen 2 52 set the time constant to 2 seconds From screen 2 0 press lt 5 gt then lt 2 gt and lt ENT gt to toggle to 2 seconds 4 Unlock the Sensitivity Adjustment Lock with the Allenwrench provided 5 Fill the clean flow cell or a cuvette with the standard prepared in step 2 6 Access screen 3 2 by pressing lt 3 gt from the Main Menu then lt ENT gt Screen 3 2 Fluorescence readout XXXX XXX PMsignal output XXXX XXX Calstdval XXX XX Blank XX XXX FS XX of XXX XXX PPB at MED HIGH Span level 48 lt EN
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