Home

EtherNet/IP Media Planning and Installation Manual

1. Pair 2 Pair 3 Pair 3 Pair 1 Pair 4 Pair 2 Pair 1 Pair 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 G BL O BR O BL G BR W G W O W BL W BR W O W G W BL W BR T568A T568B Figure 5 2 Pin pair wiring 5 76 Network Installation T568A Example Pair 2 RE dcm EREA FERR Fania duin Figure 5 3 Example of T568A cable preparation 4 Prepare the conductors for trimming heeding the important directions and warnings in the bulleted list below Important The performance of your channel will depend on this step eExtend the pair twists out as far as possible eMake sure pair 2 T5684 is evenly split across pair 1 The conductor lengths must be trimmed evenly eConductor trim length is dependent on the connector manufacturer s instructions 5 Hold the conductors in the proper orientation and trim off excess length using a pair of sharp cutters The finished length beyond the jacket should be less than 0 5 inches See the connector manufacturer s instructions 6 Confirm the correct orientation of the conductors as shown in Figure 5 4 then insert the conductors into the connector body Note that each wire has its own slot in the connector body 5 77 Network Installation f 10 5 78 ENC ML Figure 5 4 Orientation of the conductors Push the cable into the connector body until all th
2. Field Test Instrument Telecommunications Automation outlet Horizontal Cross connector or interconnect Field Test Instrument Legend Test equipment cord Optional transistion cabling Horizontal cabling End permanent link Maximum length 90meters 295 ft Figure 8 2 Permanent link test configuration Note 1 If cross connections are used then channel testing is recommended 2 Other parameters such as longitudinal balance and longitudinal impedance which may be of importance to specific networking applications are under study 3 When testing 2 pair systems some testers perform the wire map function first If the tester is not programmed or programmable to ignore pairs 1 and 4 in a 2 pair system the test may terminate with a fault This may prevent measurement of the balance of cable pair parameters It is important to select the proper test equipment Insertion loss near end crosstalk loss equal level far end crosstalk and return loss are derived from swept stepped frequency measurements or equivalent measurement methods Physical and electrical lengths The physical length of the permanent link channel is the sum of the physical lengths of the cables between the two end points Physical length of the permanent link channel may be determined by physically measuring the length s of the cable s determined from the length markings on the cable s when present or estimated from the electrical length measure
3. Achieve the Duplex SC implementation using consecutive fiber numbering i e 1 2 3 4 on both ends of an optical fiber link but with the Duplex SC adapters installed in opposite manners on each end i e A B A B on one end and B A B A on the other end For other duplex connector styles polarity may be achieved either by using the above method for the Duplex SC or by using reverse pair positioning Reverse pair positioning is achieved by installing fibers in consecutive fiber numbering i e 1 2 3 4 on one end of an optical fiber link and reverse pair numbering i e 2 1 4 3 on the other end of the optical fiber link Figure 5 12 illustrates the proper orientation of the Duplex SC adapter at the main cross connect intermediate cross connect horizontal cross connect and telecommunications outlet connector to ensure proper polarity of an optical fiber system from the cross connect to the telecommunications outlet connector Install optical fiber links not shown in Figure 5 13 to ensure that on one end the Duplex SC adapter is installed in the A B orientation and on the other end it is installed in the B A orientation Patch cords equipment cords and work area cords The optical fiber patch cords shall consist of 2 fiber cables of the same fiber type as the optical fiber channel terminated with connectors at both ends Patch cords are also used for equipment cords and work area cords Optical fiber patch cords s
4. Media Planning and J Installation Manual EtherNe rNet IP gt gt ODvA gt gt Copyright Notice Copyright 2006 ODVA Inc All rights reserved No part of this document may be photocopied or reproduced by any means or translated to another language without prior written consent of ODVA DeviceNet and its logo are trademarks of ODVA Inc EtherNet IP and its logo are trademarks used under license by ODVA ControlNet is a trademark of ControlNet International ODVA 1099 Highland Drive Suite A Ann Arbor Michigan 48108 5002 U S A Phone 1 734 975 8840 Fax 1 734 922 0027 www odva org Preface About This Manual Ix Who Should Use This Manual ellen Ix What This Manual Contains 00 0 cece ee ees Ix Related Publications llle X Chapter 1 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start 1 Understanding Your Environment llle 1 Planning Your Network 0 0000 cece ee hn 4 Selecting and Laying Out Network Media 00 0s eee aes 5 Which data rate should be uSed 1 0 eee 5 Channel requirements 2 0 00 ccc ee ee ees 5 Network S CUrity 2 0 es 5 Network access cc eee o nis 5 SLE A e E E EE E d 4 8 EEE EEE ET 6 Number of ports needed 0 ce eee 6 Placement of network components environment commensurate with manufacturer s limits 0 0 0 0c ce ee ee eas 6 Bulkhead feed throughs lille 6 mc
5. Conduit and innerduct Building cables can be installed unprotected or placed inside appropriately rated innerduct This innerduct may be bright orange or yellow to provide easy identification of fiber optic cable Cable plant hardware Various enclosures cabinets racks and panels are used to protect and organize splice and termination points The network designer should know the type of network support systems and cable routes to be taken Then the connection splice locations can be determined and the hardware planned 4 69 Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling Figure 4 12 Rack and wall mounted fiber enclosures and breakout kits Breakout kits Breakout kits are use for loose tube fiber optic cables to protect and separate for individual termination or splicing Splice enclosures Splice enclosures are used to protect fiber optic splice points Splice panels Splice panels are used to connect individual fibers from cables to pigtails Patch panels Patch panels provide a centralized location for interconnecting testing and monitoring Racks and cabinets Racks and cabinets are used to house patch panels splice panels and provide cable management facilities Fiber Optic Installation Guidance 4 70 Water protection Cables designed for outside plant and wet locations typically contain water or moisture blocking material There may be special handling requirements for these types of cables The designe
6. Damaged cable e Perform certification High error rate Electrical noise near by Wrong cabling used Severed cable Check for power to switch and device No communications Disconnected node Correct wiring and connection Incorrect wire map Check wire map Severed cable Correct cut or disconnected cable Disconnected connector connector No link indication Device switch powered down Replace defective switch device Correct power Noise generating device Correlate burst noise to burst errors Provide additional separation Check for improper grounding Burst error indication Poor cabling Grounded shield Check for low noise cabling Incorrect cabling for application or Use proper cabling to support noise level application Continuous error condition Ground loop in cabling Locate shorted shield and remove or some data getting through provide additional path for noise Incorrect wire map current Correct wire map Severed cable Check for power to switch and device Continuous error condition no ER l data getting through Check Link indicator Replace defective switch device Disconnected node Correct wiring and connection 7 98 Chapter 8 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network The following chapter contains guidelines for certifying your EtherNet IP network It is important to certify a new network for the following reasons e A baseline can be established for future maintenance purposes such as troubleshoot
7. 1 Table 5 1 Permissible Cabling Bend Radius Cable bend radius Cable Type Loaded during install 4X diameter 4X diameter lt 8X diameter 8X diameter bundled or Fiber up to 4 strand 1 inch 25 4 mm 2 inch 50 8 mm See mfg data sheet if See mfg data sheet if not available 10X not available 15X diameter diameter Fiber greater than 4 strand 5 73 Network Installation Pull strength Refer to manufacturer s guidelines and data sheets for maximum pull tension If the manufacturer s guidelines are not available the pull strength should not exceed 25 lbs for copper cabling and 50 Ibs for fiber cables of 2 and 4 fibers or the manufacturer s recommendation Terminating the Fixed Horizontal Cable 5 74 Your installation may require the use of punch down blocks for terminating the fixed cabling The proper tools are required for this operation Punch down tools come in different styles and quality Some are simple plastic throwaway tools with a short life Others are long life and will punch down the wire and cut trim at the same time Read and understand the tool manufacturer s users manual on its use In addition consult the punch down block data sheet for recommendations on the process and which tools are allowed Care should be taken on routing the cable pairs into the block so as not to degrade the performance of the cabling Do not untwist the pairs or the conductors within the pairs a
8. 10 0 20 0 31 25 15 1 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network dB s Channel Return Loss O m A o oco 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Freq MHz Figure 8 5 Channel return loss Table 8 5 Category 5e Permanent Link Return Loss Frequency oc 5e dB 20xf 100 19 10log 20 1 fis the frequency in MHz Table 8 6 Category 5e Permanent Link Return Loss Frequency Category 5e MHz dB 8 109 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network 8 110 C 10 iz Permanent Link Return Loss 20 18 16 14 12 O N A o 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Freq MHz Figure 8 6 Permanent link return loss Numerics 100 ohm twisted pair performance 101 2 pair and 4 pair rules 22 4 pole M12 D coded connectors 20 8 way modular connector cord set 22 plug termination 75 A Access network 5 Active network components 59 Active test tools 94 Ambient temperature 60 Application control 73 information 13 MICE concept 70 B Bandwidth fiber optic 66 Bend radius 73 Bonding 54 equipotential 47 Star multi star 46 Star multistar 46 Breakout kits 70 Bridges 16 Building wiring 45 Bulkhead feed through installation 82 Bulkhead feed throughs 6 24 59 C Cabinet fiber optic 70 Cable 2 pair and 4 pair rules 22 certifying 101 fiber optic 65 field terminating ends 74 glands 59 grounding shielded 7 high flex 57 install 83 install ho
9. Be Certified Certification should include the following aspects of the network e Physical installation attributes that may affect life of installation such as Location of cabling with respect to electrical noise and environmental conditions Grounding of devices and equipment where specified Wire ways Bend radii Cable supports hangers Cable loading and crushing Terminations Proper media commensurate with the environment e Electrical performance commensurate with the needs of the application Electrical and physical lengths of channels and permanent links Swept frequency measurements as detailed later in this chapter Tools Required for Network Certification 8 100 The network test tools required for certification are usually more complex than the go no go tools used in verification These tools are required to perform both DC and swept frequency at both the local and remote ends of a channel or permanent link There are several off the shelf test tools that provide different levels of accuracy Field test tools must be Level II or higher and it is highly recommended that you use either a Level III or IV tester for network certification Additionally the test time and frequency range is a variable For example testers may take anywhere from 5 to 20 seconds per channel or permanent link and may only test to Category 5e channels permanent links The test tool usually requires sepa
10. Begin permanent link Optional transition consolidation point connector Field Test Instrument Telecommunications i Automation outlet Horizontal Cross connector or interconnect Field Test Instrument Legend Test equipment cord Optional transistion cabling Horizontal cabling End permanent link Maximum length 90meters 295 ft Figure 6 2 Schematic representation of a permanent link test configuration Note f cross connections are used then channel testing is recommended What should be verified Primary verification parameters include e Wire map e Jacketed length e Shields floating or not floating Note The shield may intentionally be open at one end See Figure 3 22 on page 3 54 e Kinks in cable e Breaks in the jacket abraded or burned e Bend radius e Dust caps for connectorized cabling e Cable end seals for un terminated cables e Labeling per design documentation outlets and cables e Routing of cables with respect to other EMC 1 2 and 3 circuits 6 89 Verification of your EtherNet IP Network Wire map test The wire map test is intended to verify pin to pin termination at each end and check for installation connectivity errors For each of the 8 or 4 conductors in the cable the wire map indicates e Continuity to the remote end e Shorts between any two or more conductors e Reversed pairs e Split pairs e Transposed pairs e Any other miss wiring Wire map for straight through c
11. SCTP cabling 0 0 00 eee ee eee Cable ROUINO a sauce ha eter goes ocaeca eco dene sod Gowan Installing Switches aaa Installing Bulkhead Feed Throughs 00 0c cee eee Installing the Cable 0 0 ccc eee Connection of Verification and Maintenance Equipment Optical fiber cabling 0 0c ce ees Patch cords equipment cords and work area cords Verification of your EtherNet IP Network Verifying Terminated Cable Segments 00000 eee ee eeee List of recommended specialized equipment Channel test configuration 0 0 Permanent link test configuration 0 000 cee eee es What should be verified llle Wire Map OG eerror ieni EREE EER RET ERE RERET ESER Wire map for straight through cableS a na naana aaan Wire map for crossover cables llle Reversed pairs llle rn Transposed or crossed pairs llle SDI DAIS x6 2c warp asus P RE REC cece 09 FOE ee en meee eae 2 Examples of incorrect wire mapping leeren Physical Length vs Electrical Length 00 0c eee eens Ea ei g 222 64 enue get E eet kee bee ek EE ee de BE oe Length limits for permanent links and channels Troubleshooting Your EtherNet IP Network Tools for Determining Network Failures llle TO MOOO ee 22992 25325 2 3ICRR AURORA RB UE RUR 3 93 S Reb
12. Switch Processor and Ethernet module HMI Ethernet Bee Switch SH coo Wu E E 1 0 System with Ethernet Adapter pe TT Switch fam T i to DeviceNet to ControlNet Network Netowrk m Im Network ec pq oq d SERE Ethernet to RS 232 C z Interface UO v with Ethernet module m Mini PLC Processor Ethernet PLC Ethernet Ethernet SLC Processor Switch Processor Power monitor pum Master with Ethernet Communication Card Power monitor Ethernet Communication Card 31159 M Figure 2 1 System diagram 2 14 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Basic Media Components of an EtherNet IP Industrial Control System Ethernet backbone The Ethernet backbone is the part of the network that handles the major network traffic It employs the highest speed transmission paths in the network and may also run the longest distance A backbone can span a large geographic area or be small enough to be contained in a single cabinet Smaller networks or subnets are attached to the overall network s Ethernet backbone Note f your network traffic is information and control the backbone cabling should be 4 pair copper and or optical fiber If the network traffic is control only then any ODVA recognized media is acceptable such as 2 pair and 4 pair copper cabling or optical fiber Routers Routers are used to segment LANs in order to balance traffic within workgroups and are used as firewalls to filt
13. W BL W BR Latch Latch T568A T568B Figure 2 6 Pin pair wiring assignments 2 19 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System 2 20 o Sod 9 co E Latch Helease Figure 2 7 8 way modular plug pin out TIA T568A should be used in generic applications where support of 2 pair phone systems is needed If 2 pair phone system support is not needed then either wiring system T568A or T568B is acceptable The selected wiring scheme is applied throughout the entire link or channel 4 pole M12 D coded connectors 4 pole M12 D coded connectors are sealed to meet the IP65 IP67 specification for EtherNet IP and are designed to operate in harsh environments in accordance with IEC 61076 2 101 4 pole M12 D coded connectors are to be used only with 2 pair cables If support of all generic applications such as voice video and data 1 G b and 10 G b Ethernet is required 4 pair cables the 8 way modular connector and compatible components shall be used See Chapter 4 for rules on 2 and 4 pair cabling within a channel Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Table 2 2 delineates the connector parameters for Industrial EtherNet IP systems Table 2 2 Industrial EtherNet IP 4 pole M12 Connector Parameters Specification l 30 micro inches gold over 50 micro inches nickel or 5 Contact plating micro inches gold minimum over 20 micro inches palladium nickel over 50 nickel Contact life 750 insertions e
14. accessing the network media Collisions cause transmission retries or dropped frames and increase jitter in control systems 1 5 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start 1 6 Switches Switches provide connections that eliminate collisions In control applications where real time data access is critical network switches should always be considered in place of hubs Selecting switches that have the ability to provide full duplex Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP snooping and port mirroring is beneficial in troubleshooting Number of ports needed While planning your network you must determine the number of switches you will need and the number of ports for each switch chassis Each network device will require a corresponding switch port for connection to the network The number of ports per switch chassis also depends on your physical network layout Provide for growth of at least 20 percent in case of system expansion See Chapter 3 Placement of network components environment commensurate with manufacturer s limits Placement of network components should be carefully planned to minimize cable lengths and the effects of the environment Network components should be installed in accordance with the manufacturer s specifications and considering the environment as defined in the MICE table Table 1 1 on page 1 2 Bulkhead feed throughs Bulkhead feed throughs should be used whenever connectivity through an enclosure is r
15. between the high EMI conductors and the communications cabling the noise coupling will be reduced An additional reduction in noise coupling can be achieved by adding a metallic wall between the conductors thus providing isolation Either or both of these two methods may be independently sufficient to reduce the noise coupling or may be required to together Chapter 2 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Industrial Control System Applications Ethernet is widely used in the business world for information applications The technology has widespread availability familiarity and cost benefits making it attractive for use in industrial control systems as well However industrial information and control applications have some inherent differences resulting in the requirements described in the following sections Information applications Typically industrial information applications are used to download programmable logic controller PLC programs monitor processes gather statistics process data and report diagnostics Performance for these types of applications is not as critical as it is in a control application where speed throughput response time and downtime are critical to a manufacturing process Control applications Industrial control applications require fast response times and maximum network availability These two attributes are of the highest importance Intrusion into the network must be limited by the use of fi
16. clear is that the machine has stopped for some reason This section is provided for those cases where the fault is not clear Examples of this may be intermittent failures or noise related failures In many cases these are related Most control networks have error reporting capabilities within the devices The communications management software has the ability to collect and report the errors to the operator The error reporting can be used for an early warning system and as a diagnostic tool to help determine the source of a pending failure or a failure that has occurred Error counter histograms are particularly useful in correlating errors to events such as a drive coming online Quick troubleshooting process A systematic approach should be used for troubleshooting Figure 7 1 is an example of a basic troubleshooting process 7 95 Troubleshooting Your EtherNet IP Network Start Failure has Occurred Visual inspection of the network Observe Device LEDs Communications errors Perform Verification Certification Localized fault Replace Defective component Module Observe Device LEDs Communications errors Cleared Verfy and or Certify Verfication Certification OK lt Operational b Figure 7 1 Basic troubleshooting flow chart 7 96 Troubleshooting Your EtherNet IP Network Detailed troubleshooting process This process can be u
17. could bypass network security such as telephone modems Network support personnel in particular must be made aware that inadvertent intrusions resulting from system maintenance and housekeeping network upgrades or broadcast storms may disrupt the control system Details of network security are beyond the scope of this manual and the designer is advised to consult appropriate standards Determining the number of ports and or device ports The number of ports required depends on the number of devices to be connected to the network A port is required for each node in your system If you plan to add nodes at a later date you should consider ordering and installing the cable and connectors for these additional nodes when you install the initial network This will minimize disruption to the network during operation As a rule of thumb the designer may wish to design the system with 20 or more excess switch and patch panel ports for future expansion Consider the number and locations of the following when determining how many ports you will need on your network e Workstations e O racks and modules e HMls e PLCs e Sensors actuators EtherNet IP based e Future expansion Excess ports should be marked as control ports for future expansion to alert maintenance personnel Terms to Know Channel The end to end transmission path between two points at which application specific equipment is connected TIA EIA 862 For example
18. defined by the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 For future network expansion and maintenance failure replacements the designer is encouraged to consider specifying additional or spare fibers for backbone cabling A Cie Sum Cladding 125um Figure 4 7 Single mode fiber example K Cladding 125um Core 50 52 Sum Figure 4 8 Multi mode fiber example 4 65 Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling Operating wavelengths by fiber type Table 4 3 WE Wavelengths by Fiber Type 1mm ua and 200 um Multi mode 50 125 um amp 62 5 125 um aa Single mode 9 125 um s d Bandwidths by fiber type Table 4 4 Bandwidths by Fiber Type mmm 498 38 OO esem s o wow K 495 39 T96 Gmvanm 98 4888 M S Lo L d 1mm immPOF ur um Hard a 12 6 50 nm Silica Core and cladding diameters by fiber type Table 4 5 Fiber Sizes by Type Fiber Type Core Diameter um ER R ET 51254m 5030 3 0 1235 30 200 015 015 ELI a t 3 0 LO t 3 0 E m 015 62 5 125 um FDDI 62 5 3 0 125 3 0 275 015 100 4 0 140 6 0 290 015 ee ee 1mm immPOF NU um Hard aa 200 4 0 230 100 8 Silica 4 66 Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling Types of Fiber Optic Cable Simplex and zipcord Simplex cables are one fiber that is tight buffered coated with a 900 micron buffer over
19. the cable jacket and wire insulation causing plastic deterioration and performance degradation Isolation and or separation may be used to convert a harsh environment to a compatible environment Do not overlook the cable s electrical specifications over the temperature range Commercial off the shelf cables may not meet industry performance requirements over expanded temperature ranges Cable jackets and conductor insulation may be easily damaged at extreme temperature ranges See the MICE table Table 1 1 on page 1 2 Chapter 3 copper cable and the Fiber section of Chapter 4 fiber cable When to use shielded balanced twisted pair STP ScTP or unshielded twisted pair UTP cable STP ScTP cable Sc screened provides an added level of noise immunity If your cable is to be installed in a high noise environment then shielded cable or an alternative media such as optical fiber should be considered See the MICE table Table 1 1 on page 1 2 and Chapter 3 Grounding shielded cables Single point grounds are very important for reducing or eliminating ground loops in shielded communications cables See Chapter 3 Consult the installation data sheet for each device installed for that device s grounding requirements Most hub switch manufacturers require their equipment to be grounded Note that grounding the equipment will ground the shield when connected via a shielded 8 way modular connector or a shielded M12 4 D coded connect
20. versus four pair cables 0 0 00 0 cee eee ee 56 Oil and chemical resistant jackets 0 00000 e eee eens 56 Plenum rated cables 00 00 ce ee 56 Riser rated cables n n nannaa eee 56 Weld splatter resistant cables 0 000 cee eee 56 High flex cables 2 00 57 Extension cords 2 0 aaa 57 Number of Connections in a Channel eee eee 58 IP65 IP67 sealed Connectors n n anana ee ee 58 Placement of Active Network Components 2000000 o9 Selecting and locating I O 20 es 59 Use of bulkhead feed throughs and cable glands 59 Ambient Temperature 0 0 0 0 ccc ee ees 60 Surge Suppression 5299 bce i 604 das Oe Rc hey oq RO RR oad bo en 61 Use of Ferrite Beads and Cores 0 00 ees 61 Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling 63 Types of Fiber Optic Connectors 0 0 0 eee 63 AOON CO oeren trena ee a oe ae a TIU TTL 63 SC CONMECIOl a scs dc cad dunk deer a d cd ada nee De oed b c d 63 LC CONnNGCIOl asus aad aC se een e de aed Ke Ded ed dee gos 64 Fiber Optic Cables llllllleeee eee 65 Operating wavelengths by fiber type 2 000 c eae 66 Bandwidths by fiber type 0 0 0 ce ee 66 Core and cladding diameters by fiber type 66 Types of Fiber Optic Cable llle 67 Simplex and ZIDOCOFPGL a 25 ood RUE HURTS EC Wap ib e8 67 Distribution cables
21. which classification best describes your environment for each category M C and E There are three ways and combinations to build your system to meet the requirements of your environment 1 Select components for direct application in your environment No extra protection against the environment is needed 2 Select components that do not fully meet the requirements of your environment Additional protection isolation and or separation will be required 3 Select components based on any combination of the above two Only minor protection isolation and or separation is required 1 1 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start For example your environment may have noise levels equivalent to those described in MICE E3 EMC 3 If you have selected cabling components that only meet MICE E1 you will need to provide additional isolation and or separation in the form of attenuation from the noise sources In this case conduit is one means of providing the required isolation and attenuation from noise sources See MICE Tutorial on page 9 for further information on how to apply the MICE concept to your design Table 1 1 Environmental Classifications for MICE Wesker 0 0 0 o HOM Vibration tix red amplitude Tensile force force See Note 2 Cr sh 45 N 1100 N 2200 N over 25 mm linear min over 150 mm linear min over 150 mm linear min LONE NE NN Bending flexing and torsion See Note 2 Intermit
22. wiring Figure 2 3 Example of an application with no switch EtherNet IP offers two connector types encapsulated 8 way modular connectors and 4 Pole M12 D coded connectors The connectors are defined in an international standard IEC 61076 3 106 Variant 1 and IEC 61076 2 101 respectively Both connector designs provide sealing to IP65 67 in accordance with IEC60529 International Protection Class Both connector designs are available with external housing construction made of either plastic or metal The material of the connector external housing construction is application dependent See the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 for further details 2 17 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System 2 18 Standard 8 way modular connectors RJ45 Unprotected 8 way modular connectors are not designed to meet the IP65 IP67 specification for EtherNet IP In addition their balance can be low and the amount of crosstalk can be too high for industrial applications Further some 8 way modular connectors may be susceptible to vibration related problems EtherNet IP sealed 8 way modular connector housings Sealed 8 way modular connectors play an important role in providing a reliable connection in harsh environments EtherNet IP supports Variant 1 in IEC 61076 3 106 This connector is suitable for use in information and control applications Table 2 1 contains the connector parameters for 8 way modular connectors sealed and un
23. 000 eee eee ees 33 Conversion from One Connector Family to Another 35 Straight through conversion llli 35 Crossover conversion 2 llle 36 Channel and Link Lengths and Limits for Copper 36 xcueneos EET 36 Use of EtherNet IP Components 0 000 cee eee ees 39 Use of Shielded Cables 0 000 ees 40 General Wiring Guidelines llle 41 Planning Your Cable Routing llle 41 Categorize conductors 0 es 42 Routing conductors inside or outside enclosures 42 Wiring external to enclosures 10 0 ee 43 Raceway layout considerations eee ees 44 mci v 44 Wiring inside EnclOSUreS 1 00 eee 44 Building Wiring and Ground Methods llle 45 TN C wiring and ground scheme 2000 ce eee eens 45 TN S wiring scheme 0 00 cee eee ees 45 Chapter 4 Grounding and Bonding for Performance 00000 eee eeee 46 Star multi star earthed bonding system 0 200 00s aes 46 Equipotential bonding system highly meshed 47 Grounding shielded cable 0 002s 50 Controlling earth currents 2 0 0 0c eee 50 Connecting shielding with equipotential bonding 53 Designing an installation with non earthed reference voltage 53 Earthing and Bonding s s s saasaa llli 54 Selecting Copper Cable 0 0 0 cee 55 Two pair
24. 3 24 Ground Do Not Fere Grund Swittt Here T EERE MAS pour A Network La Sees sss EM Device Figure 3 23 Grounding of a cable shield Device Switch co ff t c0 z 2 IAE NEN a co eee 10 19 3 ooo o E o TAV 2 WIG W W o 1 Open Shield Connection Shield Connection d Figure 3 24 Open shield example Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling For information regarding grounding and bonding requirements for your network refer to IEEE 1100 Wiring and Grounding Specification and to NFPA 70 the National Electric Code CSA C22 1 the Canadian Electrical Code and or other applicable local national or international codes From a noise perspective the grounding method you use is critical Grounding and bonding techniques as required by local national and or international code may be contrary to recommended installation practices designed to reduce and or eliminate EM noise In these cases the local national and international codes shall be followed and alternate cabling solutions such as UTP or fiber should be considered Selecting Copper Cable When selecting cable the cable construction must be compatible with the environment as described by the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 Do not overlook the cable s electrical performance specifications across temperature ranges as many off the shelf cable
25. 4 2 SC simplex connector 4 63 Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling 4 64 Figure 4 3 SC duplex connector LC connector LC is a small form factor connector that uses a plastic or ceramic 1 25 mm diameter ferrule It is available in simplex or duplex configurations The LC connector is available in a sealed housing compliant with Variant 1 of IEC 61076 3 106 and the Ethernet IP specification Examples of the simplex duplex and sealed versions are shown in Figure 4 4 through Figure 4 6 xi ui PA Figure 4 4 LC simplex connector E f p a Figure 4 5 LC duplex connector Figure 4 6 IP65 IP67 LC sealed duplex connector Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling Table 4 1 Connector Support by Fiber Type Fiber Type Connector Type Hard Clad Silica POF 1mm 200 230 50 125 um 62 5 125 um 9 125 um Table 4 2 Connector Insertion Loss Single Mode 26 dB min oC gee D Multi mode 20 dB min Many fiber connectors are manufacturer specific and require the manufacturer s specific tools for installation Please consult your manufacturer for installation tools and methods for installing connectors Fiber Optic Cables Fiber optic cable refers to the complete assembly of one or more fibers strength members and a jacket Fiber optic cables come in multiple configurations Careful consideration should be given when selecting the cable so that it is compatible with your network s environment as
26. 50 222N 50Ibf Outside Plant m diameter E diameter 2670 N 600 EIN Fi itch Fiber Backbone ber Swite seseeeeoe Copper UTHScTP ee eooo oo o e Other Network oll opoopgoo 00 Fiber Backbone Fiber Backbone a o eooooo Joa PIU pe e Switch Switch 0 kominal egi with mE Processor and O 1090000 109 Ethene maduli amp witch e Tw ait e 8 Lomin og wtf e a PIOcessor and Le e e Ethirsit idli weeeeeeeeeeoeee e eee opocceocceoccooceo e e e 0 e E te A 00000 oq eeee e FL PLIN Switch e A 7 Panel ies 0 e e o e e e e e e e waa ad e e Figure 4 13 Configuration of fiber cable within a building 4 72 euogyoeg 18qiJ Chapter 5 Network Installation This chapter provides guidance for installing copper and fiber cabling Fiber optic connectors require installation tools specified by the respective connector manufacturer For installation assistance either consult the manufacturer of the fiber optic connector system you plan to use or contact a fiber specialist Important Read Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 before installing your network Installing the Horizontal Cabling Install your point to point horizontal cable observing your cable supplier s installation instructions and the following guidelines Bend radius Cable bend radius should not exceed those listed in Table 5
27. 6 Enclosure XN Bulkhead 31185 M Figure 2 13 Wiring without patch panels Enclosure a e goo Io oon BHE o e CL eme NULL Cable 3 Simple 2 Node configuration Bulkhead 31184 M Figure 2 14 Direct connection using a crossover null cable 2 25 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System 2 26 Enclosure Patch Panel 33352 b E TEES ri THES a w nail j a i H Z 31179 M Figure 2 15 Star topology using a patch panel F n Enclosure p f7 1 etiem IE oae nmnnnnnnpnnnEHD s J T j T Patch Panels Patch Panel N Bulkhead 31182 M Figure 2 16 Hierarchal star using patch panels Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Enclosures In an industrial environment the controller and switch are often mounted inside a protective enclosure i e IP or NEMA rated enclosure to protect sensitive equipment from harsh environments Connectivity is facilitated via bulkhead connectors wire glands or conduit 2 27 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System 2 28 Chapter 3 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling After reading this chapter you may wish to consult the engineering drawings of your facility for specific information concerning the best location for installing your network Chapter 2 details the connectors for EtherNe
28. Assignment Miz Pin WiZPi WireCoor Name Simi 2 i WmeOume Tam Te 7 White Green Receive datas Re soe Temi e Green Reeve data WC Conversion from One Connector Family to Another Straight through conversion Below is the pin out information for a cord set plug to plug providing cross connectivity between an 8 way modular connector and a 4 pole M12 D coded connector Figure 3 9 shows the wiring for a straight through conversion cable using an M12 4 D coded connector and an 8 way modular connector c Aled Figure 3 9 Conversion from M12 4 to 8 way modular connector 3 35 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Table 3 6 Connectivity Pin Assignments 8 Way Modular Wire Color Connector e cn Recs deta we Crossover conversion Figure 3 10 shows the wiring for a crossover conversion cable using an M12 4 D coded connector and an 8 way modular connector eed Z dled N d o Figure 3 10 M12 4 to 8 way modular connector crossover cable Table 3 7 M12 to 8 way Modular Crossover Pin pair Assignment 8 Way Modular Wire Color Connector Channel and Link Lengths and Limits for Copper 3 36 Patch cords EtherNet IP specifications limit each segment of horizontal wiring to 100 meters or up to 90 meters horizontal wiring with two 5 meter patch cords Some applications will requ
29. NS Sy Fat we Washer 4 e paint on panel ar and use star washers Nut Flat Washer If the mounting bracket is coated Washer with a non conducbve material anodized painted etc scrape the material around the mounting hole Bolt mounting af a qround bus or chassis to the back panel 17555 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Back Wall of ee closure Back ME ps a Use a wire brush to remove paint from threads io allow a ground connection scrape paint on panel and use a star washer Stud mounting of the back panel to the enclosure back wall ud Back Pane Mounting Bracket Tapped Hole Washer Es Sta e N Scrape paint Flat Washer If the mounting bracket is costed with a nan conductve material anodized painted etc scrape the material around the mounting hole Alternative bolt mounting of chassis to the back panel Figure 3 19 Mounting details Equipment is normally arranged as an earthed system whereby the earth of the power feed is connected to the functional earth over a large area See Figure 3 15 The shield of the bus cable is connected to the potential equalization system over a large area where it enters the control cabinet The potential equalization rail is earthed in each control cabinet and connected to the potential equalization rails of the other control cabinets 3 51 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Figure 3 20 Schematic diagram of a pl
30. RD d RE A A Passive testers llle AHVO TEST TOOS oses ono Quadra d Pol ROVER ANENE HORE PE ERR RO Network Verification llle hn Network Certification llle Diagnostic error counters 0 0 cc ee ers Determining if you have a network failure LLL Quick troubleshooting process llle Detailed troubleshooting process llle Common symptoms causes of failures LLL 73 13 73 74 74 74 14 15 15 79 80 82 82 82 83 83 83 84 87 87 87 88 88 89 90 90 90 90 91 91 91 91 91 92 Chapter 8 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network 99 When to Perform Certification llle 99 What Should Be Certified llle 100 Tools Required for Network Certification els 100 Electrical TestS 0 0 hn 101 Certifying Terminated Cable Segments Ls 101 100 ohm twisted pair transmission performance and field test requirements 0 0 0 ce ees 101 Test Configurations 2 0 0 eee eee 102 Channel test configuration n aaa 0 000 cee eee 102 Permanent link test configuration 2 00 000 e eee 103 Physical and electrical lengths 000 cee eee eee 104 Insertionloss 2 eee nr 105 Cabling return lOSS llle 108 Chapter 9 Index 111 vii viii Preface About This Manual Who Should Use This Manual This manual is intended for use
31. X would cause a split pair Split pair errors always produce two error conditions in the tester Correct connectivity of telecommunications outlets connectors is defined in ANSI TIA EIA 568 B 2 and is illustrated in Figure 6 3 Examples of incorrect wire mapping Transposed pairing Split pairing Incorrect contact 2 X1 Wb wu 2 2 b m e 4 4 6 4 D A 6 6 D i 7 DLO s L XX g 8 8 Figure 6 5 Examples of miss wiring Electrical Length Length The physical length of the permanent link channel is the sum of the physical lengths of the cables between the two end points Physical length of the permanent link channel may be determined by physically measuring the length s of the cable s determined from the length markings on the cable s when present 6 91 Verification of your EtherNet IP Network 6 92 Length limits for permanent links and channels The physical length of the permanent link shall not be greater than 90 m 295 ft Test equipment cords are excluded from the permanent link model The physical length of the channel shall not be greater than100 m 328 ft including equipment cords and patch cords If the channel or permanent link has been de rated because of temperature cable attenuation then the total channel length is less than 100 m 328 ft and the permanent link will be less than 90 m 295 ft See the de rating table Table 3 8 on page 3 37 Chapter 7 Troubleshoot
32. a segment of cabling between two plugs is a channel Link A transmission path between two points not including terminal equipment work area cables and equipment cables TIA EIA 862 For example a segment of cabling between two jacks is a link Copper Connectors Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling There are two styles of 8 way modular connectors for EtherNet IP They are the standard non protected 8 way modular connector and the sealed 8 way modular connector The two have the same pin wire assignment They can be used in 2 and 4 pair cabling systems EtherNet IP also supports the M12 4 D coded connector These can be used in 2 pair cabling systems It is not recommended to use a 4 pair cable with the M12 4 D coded connector unless you provide proper termination of the unused pairs 1 and 4 See Chapter 2 for details on the types of EtherNet IP connectors 8 way connector pin out The 8 way modular pin assignment in Figure 3 2 applies to the IP20 and sealed variant Figure 3 2 An 8 way modular plug pin out Pin pair assignments for the 8 way modular connector are as shown in Figure 3 3 Pair 3 Pair 2 Pair 3 Pair 1 Pair 4 Pair 2 Pair 1 Pair 4 AY NY NY 123 45 67 8 123 45 67 8 G BL O BR O BL G BR WG WO W BL W BR W O WG W BL W BR Lat
33. a pulling grip for cables e lf lubricants are used make sure they are compatible with the cable being installed e For long runs pull boxes should be installed to reduce the pulling tension on the cable See Table 4 6 below e Consider using an automated puller with tension control e Do not exceed the cable bend radius during installation or for fixed installation Consult the manufacturer s data sheet for these limits If the bend radius is not available see Table 4 6 for guidance e Do not twist the cables during installation Cables should be spooled out as they are pulled to prevent twisting Break away swivels can be used to eliminate twisting during pulling e Check the length Make sure the cable is long enough for the intended installation Splices should be minimized e Many fiber connectors are manufacturer specific and require the manufacturer s specific tools for installation Consult your manufacturer for installation tools and methods for installing connectors e Secure vertical cable every 91 cm 36 in Secure horizontal cable every 120 to150 cm 48 to 60 in 4 71 Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling Table 4 6 Fiber Optic Bend Radius and Pull Force Bend Radius Inside Plant Plant Lol s e 2 amp 4 fibers intended to 50 mm 2 in 25 mm 1 in 222 N 50 Ibf be pulled through horizontal pathways All other inside plant cables 15X diameter diameter 10Xdiameter diameter 222 N
34. ables Correct pairing Correct pairing Correct pairing Ld 8 8 Way M12 4 8 Way Modular CM M12 4 D Coded Figure 6 3 Wire mapping for 8 way modular and 8 way modular to M12 4 non crossover cabling Wire map for crossover cables Correct pairing Correct pairing Correct pairing Crossover Crossover a 8 Way M12 4 Crossover CMM M12 4 D Coded Figure 6 4 Wire mapping for crossover cables Reversed pairs A reversed pair occurs when the polarity of one wire pair is reversed at one end of the link also called a tip ring reversal It is not recommended to leave these cables reversed 6 90 Physical Length vs Verification of your EtherNet IP Network Transposed or crossed pairs A transposed pair occurs when the two conductors in a wire pair are connected to the position for a different pair at the remote connection Pair transpositions are sometimes referred to as crossed pairs Refer to Figure 6 5 for an illustration of transposed pairs Split pairs Split pairs occur when pin to pin continuity is maintained but physical pairs are separated Refer to Figure 6 5 for an illustration of split pairs If your verification test indicates a split pair error condition the cable must be re terminated to correct the error before placing the cable in service Split pairs are caused by using one conductor from two pairs for one signal pair function For example orange wire and green white for TX and T
35. ables may be used with 8 way modular connectors unless full application support is needed or future system expansion requires all 4 pair cables If full support is needed then only connectors supporting all 4 pair should be considered i e 1 G b 10 G b Ethernet power over Ethernet etc Cord sets providing connectivity between connectors of the same family 8 way modular connector cord sets Construct straight through 8 way modular cords sets as detailed in this section Pay particular attention to the cable pairing and color codes Correct pairing of the connector pins is extremely important In addition note that pair 2 T568A or pair 3 T568B is split across pair 1 8 way modular cords sets should be constructed with plugs at both ends Extension cables may be constructed from one plug and one jack Both connectors shall be cable type connectors See Chapter 3 for the maximum length of cord sets in a channel Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Figure 2 10 8 way modular connector sealed cord set M12 4 D coded connector cord sets M12 4 D coded cord sets should be constructed of plugs In some cases extension cables may be required in which case they will be constructed of a plug and a jack Pay particular attention to the color pin assignment Correct pairing of the connector pins is extremely important Both connectors shall be cable type connectors Cord sets can be factory made and field assembled See secti
36. ages over 4 pair cables Two pair cables are easier to terminate and have less chance of crosstalk The disadvantage is that they may not be generic in nature and therefore may not support all of the applications 1 Gb s 10 Gb s and POE As a result 2 pair cables may not support future expansion and or other services If your installation needs to be flexible in that generic cables are installed to support multi services such as voice video and data then you should consider 4 pair cables Careful long range planning should be done before selecting a cable pair count If your plans are to migrate to higher data rates in the future you should select cables and components that will support future requirements For example backbone cables and materials should be selected to support greater data rates The connector circuit count should always be matched with the cable conductor count The only exception to this rule is for the 8 way modular connectors It is acceptable to terminate a 2 pair cable into an 8 way modular connector Four pair cables shall not be used with a 2 pair connector such as the M12 4 D coded connector as there is no means to terminate the unused 2 pair possibly creating EMC problems Oil and chemical resistant jackets If your application requires control of equipment that uses cutting oils or lubricating chemicals cable jackets should be oil resistant Further all chemicals in your application should be consider
37. al location In addition failed systems can be corrected quickly by replacing subassemblies Systems utilizing connectors instead of wire glands or conduit allow for easy replacement of the entire enclosure thus reducing the mean time to repair MT TR and downtime for a failed communications network Bulkhead feed throughs provide modularity Bulkhead feed throughs Bulkhead feed throughs and or cable glands should be used wherever cables must pass through an enclosure wall Patch panels A patch panel is a group of sockets that function as a manual switching center between incoming and outgoing lines in communications systems In an industrial control system patch panels may be used to interface I O devices and switches Patch panels are not required in industrial control areas but can be utilized if additional flexibility is required Wiring examples Patch panels provide flexibility and ease of network reconfiguration In many control applications flexibility and reconfiguring is not necessary Patch panels require additional space They add cost and present potential points of failure The following wiring examples range from a complex system to a simple patch cord Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Note that patch panels are not specifically required for industrial control Controllers and I O devices may be directly connected in a configuration or connected via hubs or switches as shown in Figure 2 13 through Figure 2 1
38. ant with grounded reference voltage Situations where interference can present a problem include e Plant that extends over a large area e Power is fed to the plant from different power sources e Networking extends over several buildings If one of these situations applies the following should be observed by the planner and specified for the installer in order to provide an EMC favorable earthing and equipotential bonding system e A common bonding network CBN with low impedance and high current carrying capacity is to be formed from all metallic constructional components of a building e Appropriate measures should be undertaken to protect equalization cables against corrosion to ensure long term reliability e The cross section of the potential equalization cable should be chosen with regard to the maximum potential equalization currents that can flow e For safety considerations there may be national standards to be followed as well Note Safety always takes precedence over EMC 3 52 L1 L3 PE Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Connecting shielding with equipotential bonding Shields shall be bonded in accordance with local and national standards Where this conflicts with performance other media should be selected Designing an installation with non earthed reference voltage In exceptional circumstances equipment can be arranged as a non earthed system This can be necessary if high short circuit c
39. asable and Isolation Separation Installation Cost and Complexity Figure 1 3 Enhancement isolation and separation EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start Examples of Mitigation Mitigation simply converts one MICE environment into another that is compatible with the cabling components and equipment to be installed Example 1 The proposed component and targeted installation area are classified as shown in Table 1 2 Table 1 2 Example 1 MICE Classifications Since the component does not map directly in to the environment the environment must be mitigated The harsh M3 environment can be converted to an M1 by shock mounting the equipment in an enclosure The high EMI can be reduced by using a metal EMI shock mounted enclosure thereby solving both the M3 and E3 problems as shown in Figure 1 4 Component Environment Shock Mounted Metal Endosure Figure 1 4 Mitigation for example 1 Example 2 Here cable rated for an E2 environment is to be installed in an environment with E3 EMI levels as shown in Table 1 3 Table 1 3 Example 2 MICE Classifications Since the selected cable does not meet the EMI requirements some mitigation is required Mitigation can be solved with separation and or isolation Figure 1 5 shows how this can be done in a raceway 1 11 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start Ethernet Comms Cables Figure 1 5 Mitigation for example 2 By providing physical separation
40. ate grounding conductor should be installed to provide an equal potential between the two points An alternative method would be to isolate the bulkhead feed through using an insulator between the bulkhead feed through and the enclosure wall Bulkhead cable glands provide entry exit passages for permanently installed cables 3 59 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Bulkhead feed through connectors allow systems to be designed and built in modular configurations This method should be considered based on user design and service preferences Modularity provides quick deployment and ease of serviceability When bulkhead connectors are used they need to be counted in the number of connections within a channel as shown in Table 3 14 on page 3 58 An example of approved EtherNet IP bulkhead feed throughs is shown in Figure 3 27 Figure 3 27 M12 4 to 8 way modular bulkhead adapter for transitioning from IP20 to IP67 environments See the manufacturer s data sheet for mounting hole cutout dimensions You must consider the panel wall thickness minimum and maximum for your enclosure when selecting a bulkhead connector Ambient Temperature 3 60 The ambient temperature of the environment should be considered in specifying the cables and connectors to be installed in accordance with MICE Some off the shelf Ethernet cables may not be compatible with temperatures common in industrial environments Attenuation tends to increase as t
41. but only up to 100 kVA 0 3 m 1 ft from AC power lines of greater than 100 kVA If not in a contiguous metallic wire way or conduit route at least 0 15 m 6 in from EMC 1 conductors of less than 20 A 0 3 m 1 ft from AC power lines of 20 A or more but only up to 100 kVA 0 6 m 2 ft from AC power lines of greater than 100 kVA Route conductors external to all raceways in the enclosure or in a raceway separate from any EMC 1 conductors with the same spacing listed for EMC 2 conductors where possible Wiring external to enclosures Cables that run outside protective enclosures are relatively long To minimize cross talk from nearby cables it is good practice to maintain maximum separation between the Ethernet cable and other potential noise carrying conductors You should route your cable following the guidelines in Table 3 12 Table 3 11 Spacing Relative to High voltage Conductors 0 100 V 8 cm 3 101 200 V 11 cm 4 201 300 V 13 cm 5 301 400 V 16 cm 6 3 43 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 3 44 Raceway layout considerations The following guidelines coincide with the guidelines for the installation of electrical equipment to minimize electrical noise inputs to controllers from external sources in IEEE 518 1982 When planning your cable system there are specific installation considerations depending on your application Pathways Consult your local state and national codes r
42. by control engineers responsible for designing implementing and maintaining industrial control systems using EtherNet Industrial Protocol EtherNet IP It describes the required media components and how to plan for install verify troubleshoot and certify your network What This Manual Contains This manual provides A quick start An overview of Ethernet media in a control application Guidelines for planning your EtherNet IP media network Guidelines for verifying and certifying your EtherNet IP media network Procedures for troubleshooting your EtherNet IP media network Preface ix About This Manual Related Publications Refer to the current version of the following publications for additional information on planning your EtherNet IP network e ANSI TIA EIA 568 series for generic cabling systems e Draft ANSI TIA 1005 Industrial Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard for Manufacturing Process amp Refining e EEE 1100 Wiring and Grounding Specification e ISO IEC 11801 for generic cabling systems e Draft ISO IEC 24702 Information Technology Generic Cabling Industrial premises e Draft IEC 61918 Digital data communication for measurement and control Profiles covering installation practice for fieldbus communications media within and between automation islands e AONA Industrial Ethernet Planning and Installation Guide e ODVA EtherNet IP Specification e CSA C22 1 Canadian Electric Code for Canadian based system
43. cabling performance that will support EtherNet IP is Category 5 as defined by ANSI TIA EIA 568 B 2 Annex N There are reasons to select one category of cabling over another In general the higher the category the better the cabling performance Another consideration is balance Category 5e 6 and the newest proposed category known as augmented 6 or Category 6a will support current applications such as 1 Gb s and 10 Gb s Generally speaking the greater the cabling category the less EMC protection that is needed Consult your cable supplier for guidance on EMC protection for the specific cable being used Network security Network security is beyond the scope of this manual However the control network should be properly isolated from the office environment and the Internet Security is provided through the use of gateways firewalls routers and or appropriate security software Network access Careful consideration should be given to the placement of access ports to prevent unauthorized connection of devices into control networks Cabinets housing control networks should not be accessible to unauthorized personnel Cabling components should be protected from damage by machinery or tampering See Chapter 3 Hubs Careful consideration also should be given to the use of hubs Hubs are generally discouraged in control applications They do not provide security and do not help to control collisions among signals from devices concurrently
44. cally exhibit 0 4 attenuation increase for every 1 C temperature rise from 20 C to 60 C Unshielded UTP Category 6 cable exhibit 0 4 attenuation increase for every 1 C temperature rise from 20 C to 40 C and a 0 6 attenuation increase for every 1 C temperature rise from 40 C to 60 C due to more copper and plastic content The change in attenuation with temperatures beyond 60 C is product specific Consult your supplier for more information The channel length and attenuation are linearly related a 12 increase in attenuation reduces the channel length 12 The following examples show how to calculate the maximum channel length for a given configuration and temperature Ag lev Temp Aincrease Coefficient A T LElev Temp Aincrease Coefficient A T Where AEley Temp elevated temperature attenuation Aincrease Coefficient attenuation temperature coefficient A T change in temperature LElev Temp elevated temperature maximum length Note The entire length should be treated as if the temperature is the worst case temperature to ensure a conservative simplified calculation Assume you want to use solid conductor Category 5e horizontal cable at 60 C You are limited to 100 meters based on the cable type This distance must be de rated to accommodate the elevated temperature Since 60 C is 40 C above 20 C then 40 C times 0 4 equals a 16 length reduction The length reduction is calculated by taking th
45. cation The information contained in this guide is related to the channel and to the permanent link test configurations as specified in the following sections This section provides additional information including specifications for field test instruments test methods and interpretations of test results leading to a practical solution to the issues related to field testing 100 ohm twisted pair transmission performance and field test requirements This section specifies the electrical characteristics of field test instruments test methods and minimum transmission requirements for 100 ohm twisted pair cabling It specifies transmission performance requirements for 100 ohm twisted pair cabling links that are consistent with the two categories of 100 ohm twisted pair cable and connecting hardware specified herein The requirements are targeted towards field testing of installed 100 ohm twisted pair cabling links using field test instruments Field test instrument characteristics needed for swept stepped frequency measurements up to 100 MHz for Category 5e are described to ensure consistent and reasonably accurate measurements Other methods using frequency domain or time domain measurement techniques that demonstrate equivalency also are acceptable 8 101 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network Test Configurations 8 102 Field test methods and interpretation of test data leading to pass fail criteria are described to verify the insta
46. ch Latch T568A T568B Figure 3 3 8 way modular pin assignments Note Do not mix T568A and T568B wiring in a channel See Table 3 1 on page 3 32 for both T568A and T568B pin pair assignments 3 31 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 4 pole M12 D coded connectors Note D Coding Keyways 4 D 4 M12 4 D Coded M12 4 D Coded Plug Jack Figure 3 4 M12 4 D coded pin out Table 3 1 M12 Pin and Signal Assignment wiz Foie Wire Geir Name Sana 4 Sem Reeemal RC Constructing Cord Sets 3 32 This section details the pin pair assignments for plug to plug cord sets Cord sets can either be factory or field assembled The following tables and schematics are provided to help in the construction and verification of cord sets All cord sets shall conform to the channel de rating based on the cable type and environmental conditions Figure 3 5 illustrates the pin pair cable assignments for 8 way sealed and unsealed straight through cord sets Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 8 way Modular Crossover Cable Cord set wiring for 8 way modular connectors id i j T 4 i i Figure 3 5 Cord set wiring for 8 way modular connectors Table 3 2 8 Way Modular Connector Pin pair Assignment PIN Signal Name Pin T568A Pair Assignment Pin T568B Pair Assignment White Green White Orange Pair 3 Pair 2 vw Bue NE NN Pair 1 Pair 1 NAC White Blue Wh
47. ch control cabinet and connected to the potential equalization rails of the other control cabinets 3 47 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Control Cabinet 1 pal Switch O OpOCCO Prowesso rand Erbe re tm od de Control Cabinet 2 Potential Equializing Conductor Communications Cable Figure 3 15 EMC compliant installation of a plant with grounded reference voltage Buildings with information related systems are to be fitted with a common bonding network CBN consisting of the closest knit structure of conductive elements This spreads the flow of interference over many paths The equipotential bonding system always is earthed as shown in Figure 3 16 and Figure 3 18 Plant Equipotential bonding of plant Figure 3 16 Equipotential bonding of a building 3 48 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Plant segment Plant segment I Figure 3 17 Equipotential bonding between buildings The shielding of metallic communication cables forms conductor loops together with the earth leads of the electrical installations or possibly with other electrically conductive building sections Currents flowing in the environment e g caused by electrical consumers or lightning strikes induce interference voltage in these conductor loops The resulting current flow shall be controlled by an equipotential bonding system reducing the potential for interference or damage fieldbus stat
48. ck Start Not all areas fall exclusively into one classification For example an automation island may have mechanical shock at gt 150 ms whereby it may be classified as an M3 environment The environment may only have light dust consistent with the levels in I2 Temperature in the areas where the cables and equipment are routed installed may be 65 degrees C In which case the climatic classification in the automation island is C2 The machinery in the automation island may consist of welding robots that produce EMI levels in the E3 classification This MICE environment can then be summarized as M3 12 C2 and E3 How to Use the MICE Concept in Your Application 1 10 As a network designer you should be aware of the environment in the areas where cabling and equipment will be installed By systematically classifying the environments in installation areas decisions can be made on component selections and additional mitigation needs Cabling systems can be designed using all enhanced components that require no mitigation In some cases this may restrict flexibility or may present cost or availability issues The concept allows the designer to balance component cost and availability with mitigation costs thereby designing the most robust cost effective cabling system as shown in Figure 1 3 Mitigation can be broken down into two forms separation and isolation Component Cost Enhancements Most cost Technically Effective Fe
49. ct all errors faults before placing cabling system into service See Chapter 7 for more information on troubleshooting MICE Tutorial EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start MICE is a relatively new concept in which an installation environment can be classified in terms of environmental and EMI levels Table 1 1 on page 1 2 defines three classifications for Mechanical Ingress Climatic and Electromagnetic levels thus the name MICE These levels begin at the low end M11I1C1E1 which best describes most office spaces and extend to the higher levels that best describe typical industrial spaces M3I3C3E3 Lt Industrial Industrial Figure 1 1 MICE classifications Not all areas fall exclusively into one classification For example an automation island may have mechanical shock at gt 150 ms whereby it may be classified as an M3 environment The environment may only have light dust consistent with the levels in I2 Temperature in the areas where the cables and equipment are routed installed may be 65 degrees C In which case the climatic classification in the automation island is C2 The machinery in the automation island may consist of welding robots that produce EMI levels in the E3 classification This MICE environment can then be summarized as M3 I2 C2 and E3 Generic Infrastructure Wiring Machine Wiring Machine Area MICE 3 Figure 1 2 Typical MICE areas within a facility 1 9 EtherNet IP Media System Qui
50. d 23 two connector family 24 Core diameter fiber optic 66 Cores 61 Crossover cord set 24 D Design non earthed 53 Diagnostic error counters 94 Direct connections 17 E Earth current controlling 50 Earthing 54 Electrical length 91 104 Electrical tests 707 Enclosure modular network 27 Environment MICE classifications 2 overview 1 selecting cable 6 Equipment cord 57 Equipment cords 84 Equipotential bonding connection 53 bonding system 47 Ethernet backbone industrial 15 bridges 76 connectors 17 direct connection 77 gateways 16 hubs 15 network segment 17 HJ45 connector 18 routers 75 switches 16 EtherNet IP sealed 8 way modular 18 Extension cords 57 F Failure symptoms and causes 98 Ferrite beads 67 Fiber optic bandwidth 66 breakout kits 70 cable plant hardware 69 cables 65 conduit and innerduct 69 connectors 63 core and cladding diameter 66 fire codes 71 install guide 70 LC connector 64 patch panels 70 plan and install 68 pull tension 71 pulling cable 77 racks and cabinets 70 SC connector 63 splice enclosures 70 splice panels 70 ST connector 63 verification equipment 83 water protection 70 wavelengths 66 Field terminating cable ends 74 Fire codes fiber optic 77 G Gateways 16 Ground methods 45 Grounding shielded cable 50 shielded cable overview 7 H High flex cables 57 Horizontal cable termination 74 Horizontal cable types 74 Horizontal installation 73 Hubs 5 15 I Indus
51. dc mur de tede d fen d Rc a dx d he A EO OR d 17 Standard 8 way modular connectors RJ45 18 EtherNet IP sealed 8 way modular connector housings 18 4 pole M12 D coded connectors cece eee 20 CONG Cel o oor Gee BP CS ox Boni ede ed ORS PES cach ded on RR 22 Rules for mixing 2 pair and 4 pair cabling in the same channel 22 Cord sets providing connectivity between connectors of the same TAMU 2 vowed cae deat cde mee een eee m 22 Cord sets providing connectivity between two connector families 24 Cord sets providing crossover function 000 0 eae 24 Modular Network Construction llle 24 Bulkhead feed throughs 0 0 cece ees 24 Patch DANGCIS 44 skew eee Chee ee ewe ee Oe ee eee ee eae 24 Wiring examples 0 00 cc eee 24 secl c HTT 2f Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 29 Planning Your System 2 0 0 ee eee ee 29 Determining connectivity to the backbone LL 29 Network S CUIrity 0 2 ee ees 30 Determining the number of ports and or device ports 30 Terms to Know 1 ce eas 30 Copper COH IB CIO So ast 1 933 4 8 2008 163 3 8 dB PC E 0e 89 9 900 3 UD ae ee ec 31 8 way connector pin OUt uaaa asas llle 31 4 pole M12 D coded connectors 000 eee ee es 32 Constructing Cord SetS 0 20 0 ce ee ees 32 8 way Modular Crossover Cable 2 0
52. de diameter under no load conditions and not less than 15 times the cable outside diameter when the cable is under load The bend radius for inter campus optical fiber backbone cable shall not be less than that recommended by the manufacturer If no recommendation is provided or known then the bend radius shall not be less than 10 times the cable outside diameter under no load conditions and not less than 20 times the cable outside diameter when the cable is under a tensile load up to the rating of the cable usually 2670 N 600 Ibf Install each cabling segment so that odd numbered fibers are Position A at one end and Position B at the other end while even numbered fibers are Position B at one end and Position A at the other end See Figure 5 11 5 83 Network Installation 5 84 7 z 568SC Coupling D Front View Connection Side View Connection Side View Front View Not o M pm N is mioon CWA X A Ed B r bd E 4 a Bi Ex a c im n MZ 4A io eM B ds ie 1 Li 4 B T Y tee d ci B 2 of y PLA ta S 5 gj B ue amm eni pm ic deme B A Consecutive Consecutive A B Coupling Fiber Fiber Coupling Order Numbering Numbering Order Legend te Simplex SC Connector A Position A Odd Number Fibers Position B Even Number Fibers Note Shading For Clarification Only Figure 5 11 Specified optical fiber cabling for proper polarity
53. e an enclosure Use the spacing given in these general guidelines with the following exceptions e Connection points for conductors of different EMC categories on a device are closer together than the specified spacing e Application specific configurations for which the spacing is described in a publication for that specific application Note These guidelines are for noise immunity only Follow all local codes for safety requirements 3 42 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Table 3 10 Routing Cables to Guard Against Noise Route this category DR of conductor cables According to these guidelines These conductors can be routed in the same cable tray or raceway with machine power conductors of up to 600 Vac feeding up to 100 HP devices If it must cross power feed lines it should do so at right angles Route at least 1 5 m 5 ft from high voltage enclosures or sources of RF microwave radiation If the conductor is in a metal wire way or conduit 1 each segment of that wire way or conduit must be bonded to each adjacent segment so that it has electrical continuity along its entire length and 2 must be bonded to the enclosure at the entry point Properly shield where applicable and route in a raceway separate from EMC 1 conductors If in a contiguous metallic wire way or conduit route at least 0 08 m 8 in from EMC 1 conductors of less than 20 A 0 15 m 6 in from AC power lines of 20 A or more
54. e manufacturer s data sheet 3 Arrange the wires according to the orientation of the connector and the manufacturer s data sheet 4 Trim off the excess length of the conductors 5 Assemble the housing and tighten the cable gland to engage the IDC contacts and strain relief 6 Test the channel 15 Le eka Sale C hy a i Lom mi J3 0 0895 oBhMBe 9 strip cable jacket Assemble Harax element Trim individual conductors Screw nut on insert approximately as indicated flush with end of guide unti a stop is noticeable 15mm 20mm D 75in Figure 5 6 Example of M12 4 D coded connector assembly Table 5 3 M12 4 D coded connector pin assignment for non crossover cable par wseaay in inal 5 79 Network Installation 5 80 Terminating ScTP cabling There are several variants of shielded twisted pair cables available offering different levels of shielding effectiveness In general they are all terminated the same way This manual refers to all these variants as ScTP cables Depending on the type of shielding used on the cable the process of preparing and terminating the cable may be different Refer to cable and or connector manufacturer s recommendations for proper termination methods ScTP cable is typically terminated as follows 1 Preparing the shield to provide 360 degrees of coverage over the conductors and being careful not to cut the shield drain or insulation of the wires strip back 1 inch of jacket
55. e percent reduction times the cable type length limit 16 x 100 meters 16 meters The maximum channel length is calculated by subtracting the elevated temperature length reduction from the cable type channel limit 100 meters 16 meters 84 meters The maximum channel length for all solid horizontal Cat 5e cable at 60 C is 84 meters For all stranded conductor patch Cat 5e at 60 C we have the following e Cable type channel limit 85 meters e Temperature change 40 C e Temperature coefficient 0 4 e Total change 16 e Length reduction 13 6 meters Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Maximum channel length for all stranded patch Cat 5 at 60 C is 68 7 meters For 25 meters solid horizontal Cat 5e cable with some length of 24 AWG stranded conductor Cat 5e patch at 40 C we have the following Twenty five meters of solid horizontal cable at 40 C has the loss of 8 more length of cable e 25 x 1 08 27 meters effective length e Based on 27 meters an effective length of patch 102 27 1 0 2 62 5 e Total effective maximum stranded patch length 62 5 meters e 62 5 meters of stranded Cat 5e patch has 8 more loss then the actual length at 20 C 62 5 1 08 57 9 meters actual length The actual maximum stranded length 57 9 meters The total channel length limit is the sum of the actual solid horizontal cable maximum length limit plus the actual stranded patch cable maximum leng
56. e wires touch the end of the connector body The jacket should be inserted far enough into the connector body that the cable clamp will engage and hold the jacket Insert the connector into the crimp tool as shown in Figure 5 5 and crimp the connector Be sure that the connector is fully seated into the crimp dies Figure 5 5 Crimp tool Check the crimp by pulling gently on the connector If the jacket or conductors slide out cut the connector off and start over Electrically test the connection using an appropriate tester such as a commercially available Ethernet test tool as defined in Chapter 6 Network Installation Terminating an M12 4 pin connector M 12 connectors generally do not require the use of terminating tools Consult the appropriate connector manufacturer for instructions and any required tools Note Some field attachable M12 4 D coded connectors utilize insulation displacement contact IDC technology and do not require crimp tools Only a sharp cutting tool is necessary to strip away the cable outer jacket Other M12 4 D coded connector types include over molded cord sets no assembly required in screw or solder types Follow the manufacturer s assembly instructions for correct installation The typical M12 4 pin IDC termination technique consists of the following steps 1 Strip back the jacket by approximately 15 to 20 mm to 34 in 2 Assemble the connector parts as directed by th
57. ed See the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 for common industrial chemicals and their concentrations Plenum rated cables Plenum installations require special material compounds in the makeup of the cables If your application requires cables to be run in plenums use plenum rated cables Consult your local authority for specific requirements Riser rated cables Hiser installations require special material compounds in the makeup of the cables If your application requires cables to be run in risers use riser rated cables Consult your local authority for specific requirements Weld splatter resistant cables If your application requires control of welding equipment you should carefully route your cables to reduce damage from weld splatter and noise ingress All cables should be routed to cross the welding and motor control cables at right angles and should never run parallel to control and high current welding cables The cables should be protected from the weld splatter either by an added protective sheath or by selecting cables with the proper jacket insulation Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling High flex cables Typically Ethernet cables are constructed of 22 to 26 gauge solid copper conductors High flex applications require cables with stranded conductors Note Weld splatter and high flex applications are commonly found together Patch cords jumpers equipment cords and work area cords Patch cords jum
58. egarding the grouping of cables Never run Ethernet cables any closer than the limits in Table 3 12 Table 3 12 Routing Communications Cabling in Contiguous Metallic Pathways From Cables containing these Voltages i EMC 1 conductors of less 8 3 cm 3 25 than 20 amps 24 to100 Houte your Cable at From Noise Sources of Least this Distance this Strength AC power lines of 20 15 cm 6 es or more up to 100 101 to 200 n AC power lines greater 30 cm 12 than 100 kVA 201 to 400 Wiring inside enclosures Cable sections that run inside protective equipment enclosures are relatively short As with wiring external to enclosures you should maintain maximum separation between your Ethernet cable and Category 1 conductors When running cable inside an enclosure e Route conductors external to all raceways in the same enclosure or in a raceway separate from Category 1 conductors e Maintain raceways with like conductors i e communications power and I O Table 3 13 Conductor Spacing Within Enclosures ee From Noise Sources of this Route Cable at Least this Distance Strength 0 08 m 3 ES conductors of less than 20 i AC power lines of 20 amps or more 0 15 m 8 up to 100 kVA 0 6 m 24 ae lines greater than 100 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Building Wiring and Ground Methods There are two building wiring methods used TN C and TN S The method in use can have a direct effect on the noise perfo
59. emperature increases limiting the maximum channel length Cable jackets may be damaged in temperatures outside the ranges provided above Enhanced components isolated pathways and or separation from heat and or cold sources are all techniques used to mitigate the effects of temperature Surge Suppression Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Transient EMI can be generated whenever inductive loads such as relays solenoids motor starters or motors are operated by hard contacts such as pushbutton or selector switches This manual assumes that users will guard their systems against the effects of transient EMI by using surge suppressors to suppress transient EMI at its source and not on the communications lines Inductive loads switched by solid state output devices alone do not require surge suppression However inductive loads of AC output modules that are in series with hard contacts require surge suppression to protect the I O module and communications system from noise Use of Ferrite Beads and Cores Ferrites can provide additional suppression of transient EMI and can be installed over Category 2 and Category 3 conductors as defined in Planning Your Cable Routing above The ferrite bead material can have an effect on the noise attenuation and frequency range Select the correct material and core size to fit your application These can be secured with heat shrink tubing or tie wraps A cable transient EMI induced on t
60. equired A bulkhead feed through provides a cable passage through an enclosure wall The most common types of bulkhead feed throughs are either connector assemblies or cable glands The connector or cable gland should be located within the enclosure wall to minimize liquid and dust ingress and cable abrasion For performance reasons consult your manufacturer on the number of bulkhead feed throughs allowed within a channel or link Plan your mounting location so that the connector is not exposed to damage from plant activity Patch panels Patch panels should be used to maintain system flexibility in a control network to accommodate frequent adds moves and changes Patch panels require additional space that may not be available on machines and or in machine areas Patch panels and additional connections within a channel also may affect the network s mean time between failures MTBF Selecting cable to suit the environment Cable should be selected and installed in accordance with the planning and installation guide local and national regulations manufacturer s specifications and considering the environment as defined in the MICE table Table 1 1 on page 1 2 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start When selecting cable the jacket construction must be compatible with the temperature and contaminants in the environment Cable jackets and conductor insulation may be easily damaged at extreme temperature ranges Chemicals can be absorbed into
61. er traffic for security purposes and policy management Routers are also used at the edge of the network to connect remote locations A typical architecture connects several routers together via a high speed LAN topology such as Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet Routers are connected to the backbone allowing all networks in an enterprise to work together Routers operate at the Network Layer of the OSI Model and up They can only route a message that is transmitted by a routable protocol such as Internet Protocol IP Because routers have to inspect the network address in the protocol they do more processing and add more latency than a bridge or switch see the following sections which both work at the Data Link Layer Layer 2 Because of the processing overhead I O data cannot be passed through a router in real time Hubs A hub is a central connecting device in a network It joins communications lines together in a star configuration Also sometimes called multiport repeaters hubs regenerate the data bits in order to maintain a strong signal When designing your control system it is important to understand that all devices connected to a hub compete for the network media resulting in collisions and decreased network bandwidth As a result hubs are more suitable for use in information networks than in control networks Important Hubs are not recommended for control applications due to collisions that can occur on high tra
62. et cable tester It is recommended that the network be certified following successful verification See Chapter 8 for information on certification Verifying Terminated Cable Segments Each cable segment on your network should be verified for proper connection as the segment is installed and connectorized A variety of test tools are available to perform verification and diagnostics on your network List of recommended specialized equipment e Multi meter DVM e Verification test tool that provides wire map cable length and cable tracer functions for troubleshooting Note When testing 2 pair systems some testers perform the wire map function first If the tester is not programmed or programmable to ignore pairs 1 and 4 in a 2 pair system the test may terminate with a fault This may prevent measurement of the remainder of cable pair parameters It is important to select the proper test equipment 6 87 Verification of your EtherNet IP Network 6 88 Channel test configuration The channel test configuration is to be used by system designers and users of data communications systems to verify the performance of the overall channel The channel includes up to 90 m 295 ft of horizontal cable a work area equipment cord a telecommunications outlet connector an optional transition consolidation connector and two connections in the telecommunications room The total length including equipment cords is 100 m 328 ft The c
63. etwork switches are required in place of hubs Gateways The term gateway can have different meanings It may refer to a device that performs protocol conversion between different types of networks or applications Such gateways function at the Transport Layer of the OSI Model and above They perform complete conversions from one protocol to another rather than simply supporting one protocol from within another Sometimes routers can implement such gateway functions Connectors Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System A gateway can also mean a device that acts as a go between connecting two or more networks that use the same protocols In this case the gateway functions as an entry exit point to the network Transport protocol conversion may not be required but some form of processing is typically performed Network segments A network segment is a group of functionally associated devices connected together and isolated by bridges routers or switches Networks maybe divided into multiple segments for security and to improve traffic flow by filtering out packets that are not destined for the network segment Direct connections Direct connections from one device to another via a single Ethernet cable are possible as shown in Figure 2 3 No hubs switches or other connective devices are used The appropriate crossover cable will be required unless your device supports auto MDIX function See Chapter 3 for the appropriate connector
64. ffic systems 2 15 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System 2 16 Bridges Bridges are devices that connect two network segments together These segments may be of similar or dissimilar types A bridge is inserted into a network to segment it so that traffic can be contained within each segment to improve performance Ethernet switches Over the last decade hub technology has been supplanted by a new high speed switch technology that allows traffic between any two ports on the switch to pass through without contention Switches are basically multi port bridges that can simultaneously move frames between pairs of ports at full wire speed For example a 16 port 10BaseT hub shares a 10 Mbps bandwidth with all 16 attached nodes By replacing the hub with a switch each sender receiver pair has the full 10 Mbps capacity so a 16 port full duplex 10BaseT switch would effectively have an 160 Mbps bandwidth supporting 8 virtual connections supporting 8 pairs as shown in Figure 2 2 A switch segments a network into many parallel dedicated lines to produce a contention free architecture Switch porem m BEA tp aocu All devices contend for media Each sender receiver pair and share bandwidth has full network bandwidth Figure 2 2 Hub versus switch system Switches are available for both standard 10 100 Mbps Ethernet and 1 Gbps gigabit Ethernet In a control application in which real time data access is critical n
65. hall be configured so that A connects to B and B connects to A See Figure 5 13 Network Installation Main Horizontal Telecommunications P utlet Cross Connect Cross Connect 1 E Intermediate B A A B Cross Connect Coupling Coupling Order Order Coupling Order Coupling Coupling Order Order Ed n i jB A d z A LAA Bul Ls A B LAA B F I OR User Side OR OR oR CY 3 m yi f a a E ition A Even Numbered Fibers EN Posion A Note Shading For Clarification Only C Position B Odd Numbered Fibers Figure 5 12 Optical cabling plan for premises cabling Legend j 568SC Connector Position A Note Shading For Clarification Only Position B Figure 5 13 568SC optical fiber patchcord 5 85 Network Installation 5 86 Chapter 6 Verification of your EtherNet IP Network Follow the guidelines in this chapter as you verify your EtherNet IP cabling system Verification testing is primarily limited to simple tests to confirm that the system has been installed and wired correctly It is usually performed by the installer as a final check of the link cabling If needed and available the verification testing may include equipment and work area cordage In this case the tests become channel tests The text describes the use of an appropriate diagnostic tool such as the commercially available Ethern
66. he cable can be suppressed by a ferrite bead located near the end of the cable The ferrite bead suppresses the EMI before it enters the equipment connected to the end of the cable Note When ferrite beads are used with UTP the signal attenuation increases Ensure the channel still complies with its channel requirements 3 61 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 3 62 Chapter 4 Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling Types of Fiber Optic Connectors The Ethernet IP specification identifies three different fiber optic connectors the ST SC and LC ST connector The ST is a bayonet style connector with a 2 5 mm ferrule diameter Most ferrules are ceramic but some are metal or plastic The ST is an externally spring loaded connector consequently pulling on the fiber cable may cause optical disconnect ST connectors are available for both single mode SM and multi mode MM optical fiber cables hard clad silica and plastic optical fibers POF An ST connector is shown in Figure 4 1 Figure 4 1 ST fiber optic connector SC connector The SC connector is a push pull style connector with a plastic housing and 2 5 mm diameter plastic or ceramic ferrule SC style connectors also are available for both SM and MM optical fiber cable hard clad silica and POF They are used in both simplex and duplex configurations Figure 4 2 and Figure 4 3 show an SC simplex and an SC duplex connector respectively Figure
67. he equipment ground This is accomplished by providing two star grounds one for the equipment and a second for the communications equipment Shields for the communications equipment shall be referenced only to the signal ground and no equipment shall be referenced to the signal ground The star grounds of the two systems shall converge to one point within the building as shown in Figure 3 14 Avoid daisy chaining of earths from one cabinet to another If there is no equal potential or the building earth system is not of low impedance or has excessive noise then only one end of the cable shield should be terminated Preferably the device s end should be open at the connector The shield should be continuous up to the connector at the device Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Conductive path for noise i MM M i ielded Communications Cable Enclosure 1 Enclosure 2 Communications Common Figure 3 14 Wiring of the earths in a star earth configuration Equipotential bonding system highly meshed Equipment is normally arranged as a grounded system whereby the ground of the power feed is connected to the functional ground over a large area using the TN S system Figure 3 13 as shown in Figure 3 15 The shield of the bus cable is connected to the potential equalization system over a large area where it enters the control cabinet The potential equalization rail is grounded in ea
68. ices Connect devices to your network per the manufacturer s instructions Be aware of electrostatic discharge ESD build up on cables Cables should be discharged to earth prior to connecting into active ports Cables may be grounded with a grounding patch cord terminated to earth ground via a low impedance path to ground such as a bonded rack grounding bus bar or building metal A grounding patch cord consists of a patch cord with a plug or jack if needed on one end of the cable and all conductors terminated together with a clip or lug to terminate to ground IP65 IP67 sealed connectors Use the appropriate connectors for your environment s If cables and connectors will be exposed to liquids or dust use IP65 IP67 sealed connectors See Chapter 2 and bulkhead feed through connectors For more information on environmental aspects see the MICE table Table 1 1 on page 1 2 and the MICE Tutorial on page 9 Verifying and troubleshooting the network The user is strongly encouraged to verify each cable segment for proper connection and level of performance Off the shelf cable testers are available See Chapter 6 Correct all errors faults before placing cabling system into service See Chapter 7 for more information on troubleshooting Certifying the network The user is strongly encouraged to certify each cable segment for proper connection and level of performance Off the shelf cable testers are available See Chapter 8 Corre
69. in reducing interference caused by earth offsets The communications network designer should provide advice to the machine tool builder regarding the earthing scheme in the facility so that machines are earthed according to the facility s earthing scheme The communications designer should specify how to achieve the required level of earthing that is defined as follows e The resistive earth impedance should be less than 0 6 ohm and less then 1 ohm The resistive earth is measured between any two points at which communication devices are earthed or cable shields are earthed This may require that a suitable wire gauge be used that is dependant on distance e Connection resistance of any grounding cable to equipment or bus bar shall be less that 0 005 ohm 5 milli Ohms As shown in Figure 3 19 the communications network designer should require e Any paint from earth surface shall be cleaned before affixing the earth wire e Star washers between the bolt and earth lug and earth lug and earth plate shall be used Mounting Bracket Back Panel or Ground Bus Welded Stud Fist i Washer 4 it 27 s O x Fla 7 Washer If the mounting bracket is coated with a non conductive material anodized painted etc scrape star the material around the mounting Washer hola Scrape paint Stud mounting of a ground bus or chassis to the back panel Ground Bus or l Back Pane Mounting Bracket Tapped ia l Hole j N
70. included in the channel electrical definition The channel definition does not apply to those cases where the horizontal cabling is cross connected to the backbone cabling Those cases are beyond the scope of this manual See Figure 8 1 for a schematic representation of a channel Begin Channel A Field Test Instrument Telecommunications Automation outlet Horizontal Cross connector or interconnect Work area cord Optional transistion cabling Horizontal cabling Patch cord or Jumper cable Telecommunications Room Equipment cord Maximum length 90meters 295 ft 10 m 32 8ft Certifying your EtherNet IP Network Optional transition consolidation point connector Field Test Instrument End Channel Figure 8 1 Channel test configuration Permanent link test configuration The permanent link test configuration is for use by the certifying technician to certify the performance of installed cabling A schematic representation of the permanent link is illustrated in Figure 8 2 The permanent link consists of up to 90 m 295 ft of horizontal cabling and one connection at each end It may also include an optional transition consolidation point connection The permanent link excludes both the cable portion of the field test instrument cord and the connection to the field test instrument 8 103 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network Begin permanent link Optional transition consolidation point connector
71. ing Your EtherNet IP Network This chapter provides information on test tools that are available and a systematic method for quickly testing localizing and repairing an EtherNet IP network It describes the use of appropriate diagnostic tools such as the commercially available Ethernet cable tester to aid in localizing faults in the network Tools for Determining Network Failures Test tools There are many off the shelf test tools available to help diagnose your network The tools can be divided into two categories passive and active Passive testers Passive testers are designed to test the cabling system and components They require full access to a network Devices have to be disconnected and in some tests require special terminators to be installed at one end of the channel permanent link Passive testers are available for verification and certification Verification testers are usually less expensive and only provide basic information such as wire map and length A verification type tester is more than sufficient for locating an open or shorted cable in a channel or permanent link More complex testers are available that will perform swept frequency tests and provide permanent link channel performance testing such as return loss impedance attenuation near end cross talk NEXT and far end cross talk FEXT to name just a few Most if not all perform the functions of verification This type of tester can certify the channel o
72. ing and or preventive maintenance e It reduces start up time by confirming that the installation can support the application requirements For example if your application requires 10 100 Mb s then the certification will confirm that the network meets the minimum Category 5e channel and permanent link limits as defined by TIA and the ODVA standard e Some cabling providers will provide a warranty for the network only upon successful passing of certification tests When to Perform Certification In general this process is performed after the installer has verified that the network components have been installed properly The process of conformance is usually carried out by specialists trained in network certification This process should also include a report detailing any of the following e Areas that do not meet the requirements of the design documentation e Channel permanent link performance requirements e Successful pass of all aspects Network certification should be performed on e Newly installed networks e Networks that have had substantial repairs or changes e Ona cyclic basis for preventative maintenance A plan should be established detailing when network certification should be performed based on the requirements of the owner and provider The plan should include report requirements and the limits and steps to be taken in the event the network fails certification 8 99 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network What Should
73. ion akpi I Equipotential bonding js aom ee m Plant earthing Figure 3 18 Equipotential bonding and earthing 3 49 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 3 50 Grounding shielded cable There are specific grounding requirements for shielded cable Eliminating ground loops is extremely important in reducing noise interference caused by ground offsets or local ground transients Ground offsets occur when there is a potential difference between two earth ground points in a system This potential difference can be DC or AC or transients A cable that connects the two points provides a secondary path for current to travel The current through the communication cable s shield will couple noise into the communication system conductors This noise will have a direct impact on the signal to noise performance of the system There can be as much as a 45 volt high frequency offset transient in ground potential between the two ends of a 100 meter cable This offset can cause noise currents in the shields Consequently to eliminate ground loops the EtherNet IP cable shield should be grounded at the switch end only Controlling earth currents Earth offsets between cabling end points will induce noise in the cabling system This is especially true in screened and shielded cabling systems Earthing is important in reducing the effects of radiated and conducted interference Controlling earth currents is extremely important
74. ire longer patch cords In these applications the total length of horizontal wiring must be adjusted to compensate for the added loss of each connector pair and additional patch cord length beyond 10 meters Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling _ 102 H di 14 D Q Where C z the maximum combined length m of the work area cable equipment cable and patch cord H the length m of the horizontal cable H C lt 100 m D a de rating factor for the patch cord type 0 2 for 24 AWG UTP 24 AWG SCTP and 0 5 for 26 AWG SCTP W z the maximum length m of the work area cable T the total length of horizontal patch and equipment cords The maximum stranded cable length is limited to 85 meters for the channel Table 3 8 Stranded Copper Cable De rating Patch Length with 5 Meters of Equipment Cable Total Length of Patch Equipment and Horizontal Horizontal Length H C lt 100 m Total Length Patch and Equipment 3 37 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 3 38 Elevated temperatures cause higher signal loss in copper cables due to increased resistance This added loss must be considered in addition to the type of copper cable solid conductor horizontal or stranded conductor patch to determine the maximum channel length Shielded STP copper cable typically exhibits 0 2 attenuation increase for every 1 C temperature rise above 20 C to 60 C Unshielded UTP Category 5e cables typi
75. is useful in the diagnostic process If certification was performed initially post failure results can be compared to the initial certification These types of testers are generally more expensive and more complex to use Note There are many off the shelf active testers available that can help determine if communications to the switch is functioning Some testers will communicate with the switch and or router and attempt to get an IP address through DHCP which must be enabled in your server If successful one can assume that the channel is functioning These devices have a MAC address and can be assigned a fixed IP address They then can be used to ping a specific address for diagnostic purposes Diagnostic error counters Communications error counters are extremely useful in predicting future failures Alarms can be set at error counter thresholds to warn operators that a failure is imminent A network that exhibits slowly increasing error rates over time is an indication of a degrading network This can be caused by failing connectors moisture ingress or even rising temperatures Error counters that burst counts can be an indication of noise This can be the fault of a poorly designed network cables that are too close to noise generating machinery or a failing ground Troubleshooting Your EtherNet IP Network Determining if you have a network failure In some cases it may be obvious that a network failure has occurred What is usually
76. ite Blue s ee ome w Gem Pa NA White Brown White Brown Pair 4 Pair 4 1 Not used for 10 Mb s and 100 Mb s networks Brown co fr z E E N a E JV on ail pc N P 3E RE LCEAL LULL U L QC UAGREAABO A G E m U gt z 3 lt 7 Er E J 1 i 8 o _ 8 NJ O CN z o Y J Figure 3 6 8 way modular full crossover cable 3 33 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Table 3 3 Modular Crossover Pin pair Assignment T568A T568B ica Pair Route Pair Route to Name Assignment to PIN Assignment m zm oo ome 3 RXD White White Orange White White Green Pair 3 ca meo RSEN EN a Pair 1 Pair 1 NA White Blue EI White Blue o8 III ee ee I WES Pair 4 Pair 4 s ws Rem ER som mm 1 Cross over of these wires is not needed for 10 Mb s and 100 Mb s channels Cord set wiring for M12 4 D coded connectors M12 4 D M12 4 D Coded Coded Figure 3 7 M12 4 D straight through cord set Table 3 4 M12 4 D Coded Pin pair Assignment PIN Signal Name Pin T568A Pair Assignment Bo DO meom Pair 2 Pair 3 3 34 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Cord set wiring for M12 4 D coded crossover cable M12 4 D M12 4 D Coded Coded Figure 3 8 M12 4 crossover cable Table 3 5 M12 to M12 Crossover Pin pair
77. iueue g S sasedane idan adui E ae a R AE en e E 6 Selecting cable to suit the environment 000 eee eae 6 When to use shielded balanced twisted pair STP ScTP or unshielded twisted pair UTP cable 0 eee 7 Grounding shielded cables 0000 cece eee 7 Know your segment lengths and limits T Planning your cable routing 0 cee ees T NStanNnNg CADI e sema dese aE a E a ae hee See ha pS 8 Terminating cable ends 2 0000 eee ees 8 Connecting network devices 2 0 0 cee 8 IP65 IP67 sealed connectors 000 eee 8 Verifying and troubleshooting the network 8 Certifying the network llle 8 MICE THEOFIal 3 22 uero ded cie ie URB aC RR RONDE ar eee RC ea SG 9 How to Use the MICE Concept in Your Application 10 Examples of Mitigation llle 11 Chapter 2 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System 13 Industrial Control System Applications 0000 eee ees 13 Information applications llle 13 Control applications llle 13 Table of Contents Chapter 3 Basic Media Components of an EtherNet IP Industrial Control System 15 Ethernet backbone 20 000 eee 15 aso lqMPRL e 15 nrc 15 silo D 16 Ethernet switches aaa 16 tcu CPP 16 Network segments 0000 ee rs 17 Direct connections llle 17 CONMECIONS uu r
78. lanning Your Cable Routing Hefer to the Telecommunications Industry Association publication ANSI TIA 569 B Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces for additional information Plan your cable routing very carefully and avoid routing cables near equipment that generates electromagnetic interference Group your cables into like circuits as shown in Table 3 9 and Table 3 10 In particular you should be concerned with routing near and around e Lights e Motors e Drive controllers e Arc welders e Induction heaters e FF fields transmitters e Conductors providing power to any of the above The following guidelines coincide with the guidelines for The Installation of Electrical Equipment to Minimize Electrical Noise Inputs to Controllers from External Sources in IEEE Standard 518 1982 When planning your cable system there are specific installation considerations depending on your application 3 41 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling There are three categories of conductors defined in IEEE 1100 Based on the ENC category of conductor in Table 3 9 additional spacing may be required for the communications cables from the high voltage conductors See Table 3 10 Categorize conductors Segregate all wires and cables into the three EMC categories shown in Table 3 9 Table 3 9 Grouping of Circuits With Respect to Noise Group conductor cables fitting this Into this description category Control amp AC Power high
79. lille 67 Breakout cables llli eee 67 Loose tube cables 0 ce nns 67 AmMmMored CADE ME C OU 67 Aerial Cable 232 etc to ben teeta ee bee bad E i 68 Choosing a Cable iu u acht aa Urge de ad RON RC RUE des een 68 Planning and Installing Fiber Optic Cables 68 Conduit and NMNErOUCT au ups d dg EC DIC Pacha oA hare ws 69 Cable plant hardware ee eee 69 Breakout KS ius a Hoa RUR OR NOR RR eae es HERR HR RR E Ded Ro eee 70 Splice enclosures nnana aaan ee ees 70 SOIC DOINGS X T 70 PatclipatielSas a dcs te din ta eee bhaeeedads obscene de bode ew 70 Racks and cabinets 2 0000 cc eee 70 Fiber Optic Installation Guidance llle 70 Water protection 0 0 ce rs 70 Local and national fire codeS 000 ee 71 Pulling Fiber Optic Cable 0 0 0 0 cc eee 71 vi Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Pulling TENSION PR Network Installation Installing the Horizontal Cabling 000 ccc eee ee eee Bend ACIS P PUISICNON C Terminating the Fixed Horizontal Cable 0000 00 cee WES ol cables cerere retiisi ped deen ee tee Bawa eee es Field terminating cable ends 0 00 cee eee ee Terminating 8 way modular plugS 000 cece eee eee Terminating UTP cable 0 ccc ees Terminating an M12 4 pin connector 0 00 cee ee eee Terminating
80. lled cabling Users of this section are advised to consult applications standards equipment manufacturers and system integrators to determine the suitability of these requirements for specific networking applications These additional specifications for verification of installed cabling are not intended to replace or supersede the basic requirements of this guide The transmission requirements specified herein are applicable to unshielded twisted pair UTP and screened twisted pair ScTP cabling links consisting of cables and connecting hardware specified in this guide It relates to performance with respect to 100 ohm 4 pair UTP and ScTP cabling only Compliance with this guide does not imply compatibility with cables having nominal impedance values other than 100 ohm Channel and permanent link test configurations are defined in the following paragraphs Other compliant test configurations shall be tested using limits computed according to the ODVA specification Channel test configuration The channel test configuration is for use by system designers and users of data communications systems to verify the performance of the overall channel The channel includes up to 90 m 295 ft of horizontal cable a work area equipment cord a telecommunications outlet connector an optional transition consolidation connector and two connections in the telecommunications room The connections to the test equipment at each end of the channel are not
81. ment The electrical length is derived from the propagation delay of signals and depends on the construction and material properties of the cable See ANSI TIA EIA 568 B 2 8 104 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network When physical length is determined from electrical length the physical length of the link calculated using the pair with the longest electrical delay shall be reported and used for making the pass or fail decision The pass or fail criteria is based on the maximum length allowed for the channel or permanent link given in Chapter 3 plus the nominal velocity of propagation NVP Note Calibration of NVP is critical to the accuracy of length measurements See ANSI TIA EIA 568 B 2 Insertion loss Insertion loss is a measure of signal loss in the permanent link or channel Worst case insertion loss relative to the maximum insertion loss allowed shall be reported The channel insertion loss is derived as the sum of the following e Insertion loss of four connectors e Insertion loss of 10 m 33 ft of 24 AWG UTP 24 AWG ScTP patch work area and equipment cords or 8 m 26 ft of 26 AWG ScTP patch work area and equipment cords at 20 C e Insertion loss of 90 m 295 ft cable segment at 20 C The permanent link insertion loss is derived as the sum of the following e Insertion loss of three connectors e Insertion loss of 90 m 295 ft cable segment at 20 C Insertion loss requirements are derived from the foll
82. nets 70 Reversed pairs 90 Riser rated cables 56 Routers 15 Routing conductors 42 Routing planning 47 S SC connector 63 SCIP cable terminate 80 Security network 5 Selecting I O 59 Shielded cable grounding 50 cable use 7 cables 40 Shielding with equipotential bonding 53 Splice enclosures 70 Splice panels 70 Split pairs 97 ST connector 63 Standard 8 way modular connectors RJ45 78 Star multi star 46 Surge suppression 67 Switches Ethernet 76 install 82 overview 6 T T568A or T568B use 75 Temperature ambient 60 Terminate 8 way modular plugs 75 field terminating 74 9 113 Index 9 114 horizontal cable 74 M12 4 pin connector 79 ScTP cable 80 UTP cable 75 Terminating cable ends 8 Test configuration channel 102 permanent link test 103 Test configurations 102 Test tools 93 TN C wiring 45 TN S wiring 45 Tools for certification 100 Transmission performance 101 Transposed or crossed pairs 97 Troubleshooting process 95 97 Troubleshooting table 98 Tutorial MICE 9 U Unshielded cable use 7 V Verification fiber optic 83 Verification equipment connection 83 Verification network 94 Verify channel test 88 crossover cable 90 incorrect wire map example 97 link test 88 parameters 89 recommended equipment 87 reversed pairs 90 straight pairs 97 straight through cable 90 terminated cable segments 87 transposed or crossed pairs 97 wire map test 90 W Water protection fiber
83. ny more than necessary Types of cables EtherNet IP supports un terminated cables and pre terminated or over molded cord sets Un terminated cables are discussed below for M12 4 D coded cord sets and 8 way modular connector cord sets Field terminating cable ends The performance of your system depends on the cable termination Careful cable end preparation is essential for proper connector installation and signal integrity Pay particular attention to the amount of untwisting of the conductor pairs See Figure 5 3 Maintain twist as close as possible to the termination point Cross over wire 6 as shown in Figure 5 2 Trim conductors as short as possible before installing them into the connector body The length of the jacket must be long enough to fit inside the connector back end The length of the conductors beyond the end of the jacket should not be longer than 12 7 mm 0 5 in Refer to the procedures described in the following sections Important Proper preparation of the conductors prior to installation into the connector back end is critical to performance Network Installation Terminating 8 way modular plugs You will need the following tools to terminate the ends of your UTP or STP Ethernet cable to the connector e ODVA approved modular 8 Way plug sealed or unsealed e Cable cutting and preparation tool e Cable jacket stripper e Crimp tool Terminating UTP cable Terminate UTP cable as follows 1 Using a strip
84. o be connected make sure it is cut off or insulated from the connector shell Crimp the connector making sure that the metal tabs on the connector are crimped around the wire 5 81 Network Installation Cable Routing Installing Switches Installing Bulkhead 5 82 Figure 5 10 Crimping the connector 9 Check the crimp by pulling gently on the connector If the jacket or conductors slide out cut the connector off and start over 10 Electrically test the connection using an appropriate test tool such as a commercially available Ethernet test tool See Chapter 3 copper and Chapter 4 fiber for details on cable routing If you are using off the shelf commercial switches consult the manufacturer s data sheets for installation requirements in your environment Switches may need enclosures shock mounting and temperature controls to convert a MICE 2 or 3 environment to a MICE 1 environment The placement of the switch is important from an access perspective Switches should be located to minimize the cable lengths to the devices This may conflict with the environmental specifications of the switch Consider using an industrially rated switch for harsh applications Feed Throughs There are two reasons to use bulkhead feed throughs modularity and serviceability When cables need to exit an enclosure it is necessary to protect the internal environment Therefore wire glands and feed throughs rated for the external envir
85. on Chapter 3 for the maximum length for cords sets in a channel It is not recommended to use a 4 pair cable for the construction of a 2 pair channel Do not mix 2 and 4 pair cables in a channel VS lp Figure 2 11 M12 4 sealed field constructed cord set Figure 2 12 M12 4 over molded cord sets 2 23 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Cord sets providing connectivity between two connector families Cord sets field assembled or factory over molded can provide connectivity between one connector family and another EtherNet IP supports connectivity between the 8 way modular connector and the M12 4 D coded connector families It is strongly recommended that 2 pair cabling be used for the construction of this cable Cord sets providing crossover function The 8 way modular crossover cable provides full functionality for 10 Mb s 100 Mb s 1 Gb s and 10 Gb s data rates M12 crossover cables only support 10Mb s 100Mb s data rates as in all 2 pair systems If your crossover cable only needs to support 10 Mb s and 100 Mb s only pairs 2 and 3 need to be crossed Pairs 1 and 4 can be configured as straight through Only one crossover cable should be used within a channel All other connections shall be straight through Modular Network Construction 2 24 A modular systems design may be desirable Modular design allows pre testing proof of concept at one location and easy disassembly and reconstruction at the fin
86. onment must be used It is advisable to always place these devices on the bottom or top of the enclosure or on sides not exposed to other machinery where they can be damaged Network Installation Installing the Cable e Refer to the guidelines in Chapter 3 Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 when routing your cable e Plan your location in such a way that the connector cannot be damaged e Sealed connectors can be located outside enclosures in areas that are subject to dust liquids and vibration e Install the cable per the manufacturer s requirements for bend radius and pull strength Refer to Table 5 1 on page 5 73 and Table 4 6 on page 4 72 for additional information Connection of Verification and Maintenance Equipment Observe the following precautions when using diagnostic and maintenance equipment See Chapter 6 for network verification and troubleshooting Optical fiber cabling The bend radius for intra building 2 and 4 fiber horizontal optical fiber cable shall not be less than 25 mm 1 in under no load conditions When under a maximum tensile load of 222 N 50 Ibf the bend radius shall not be less than 50 mm 2 in Cable bend radius should not exceed those listed in Table 5 1 on page 5 73 The bend radius for intra building optical fiber backbone cable shall not be less than that recommended by the manufacturer If the bend radius is not available then the applied bend radius shall not be less than 10 times the cable outsi
87. onnections to the test equipment at each end of the channel are not included in the channel electrical definition The channel definition does not apply to those cases where the horizontal cabling is cross connected to the backbone cabling and is beyond the scope of this manual See Figure 6 1 for a schematic representation of a channel Begin Channel Optional transition consolidation point connector Field Test Instru ment Telecommunications Automation outlet Field Test Instrument Horizontal Cross connector or interconnect Work area cord End Channel Optional transistion cabling Horizontal cabling Patch cord or Jumper cable Telecommunications Room Equipment cord Legend Maximum length 90meters 295 ft 10 m 32 8ft Figure 6 1 Schematic representation for a channel test configuration Permanent link test configuration The permanent link test configuration is to be used by installers and users of data telecommunications systems to verify the performance of permanently installed cabling A schematic representation of the permanent link is illustrated in Figure 6 2 The permanent link consists of up to 90 m 295 ft of horizontal cabling and one connection at each end and may also include an optional transition consolidation point connection The permanent link excludes both the cable portion of the field test instrument cord and the connection to the field test instrument Verification of your EtherNet IP Network
88. optic 70 Wavelength fiber optic 66 Weld splatter resistant cables 56 Wire map crossover cables 90 incorrect example 97 straight through cables 90 test 90 Wiring building 45 external to enclosures 43 guidelines general 47 inside enclosure 44 modular network example 24 TN C methods 45 TN S scheme 45 Work area cords 5 7 84
89. or A single point ground can be achieved by installing a standard unshielded plug at one end of the channel Know your segment lengths and limits The length of your segment is dependent on the cable See Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 for maximum channel link lengths when using stranded type cables in the channel Planning your cable routing Route your cable as described in Chapter 3 of this manual e If your application is in a high noise environment plan to use STP ScTP cabling or alternate media such as optical fiber MICE Tutorial on page 9 for detailed information e Cable segments should be as short as possible It is not advisable to coil up excess cable 1 7 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start 1 8 Installing cable Install the cable per the manufacturer s requirements for bend radius and pull strength See Chapter 5 Consult the cable manufacturer when installing UTP cables in a conduit as metal can affect electrical performance Avoid routing near equipment that generates strong electric or magnetic fields See Chapter 3 for more information Cables must be properly supported to prevent damage using hangers and raceways Cable support loading requirements also must be observed to prevent cable crushing Terminating cable ends The performance of your system depends on cable termination Careful cable end preparation will help you to install the connector onto the cable See Chapter 5 Connecting network dev
90. our application and environment as defined by the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 Planning and Installing Fiber Optic Cables Optical fiber cables may be routed in a variety of pathway types Pathways shall meet the requirements as specified in ANSI TIA 569 B Types of pathways include e Under floor systems such as trench duct or cellular e Access floors e Cable trays wire ways e Non continuous paths such as J hooks bridle rings slings etc e Conduit systems e Power poles e Modular furniture e Wall cavities e Raceways nonmetallic or metallic Pathways must be suitable for the environment in which they are routed Plenum or non plenum areas must also meet local and national codes 4 68 Cable Bundle Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling To prevent damage such as crushing or bends fiber cable should be separated from copper cables when possible The use of multi channel raceway material innerduct or physical separation helps protect fiber cables Fiber Copper Figure 4 10 Separation of fiber and copper cables in wire ways In under floor systems cellular trench or conduit systems install a pull box when runs exceed 30 m 100 ft or when there are more than two 90 degree bends Center pull and or back feeding methods are recommended to reduce cable loading as shown in Figure 4 11 Pull Box Cable Bundle Pull Box Figure 4 11 Cable loading
91. owing equations insertion loss INSETTONIOSS 4 connections IASertlon loss 90m insertion loss channel cords 10m insertionloss INSETCIONIOSS x nections insertion lOS ble 90m permanent link The maximum insertion loss contribution allowed for equipment cords and patch cords is 20 percent higher than for the horizontal cabling as specified in ANSI TIA EIA 568 B 2 The maximum insertion loss contribution allowed for SCTP equipment cords and patch cords is 50 percent higher than for the horizontal cabling as specified in ANSI TIA EIA 568 B 2 If 50 percent de rating is used the maximum total length of patch cables equipment cords and work area cords shall be 8 m 26 ft so that the overall insertion loss limits for the channel are not exceeded 8 105 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network Examples of the worst case insertion loss at selected frequencies for the channel and permanent link are shown in Table 8 1 and Table 8 2 respectively Table 8 1 Channel Insertion Loss MHz dB 88 83 25 0 11 4 Insertion loss is determined at 20 C for channel test configuration Length of horizontal cabling is 90 m 295 ft Length of equipment cords patch cords and jumpers is 10 m 33 ft Channel Insertion Loss 30 25 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Freq MHz Figure 8 3 Channel insertion loss limit 8 106 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network Table 8 2 Permanent Link Inser
92. paration between the network cabling and the noise generating sources including wiring as defined in the section under Categorize Conductors below if your application includes one or more of the following e Induction welding processes e Proximity to high power RF radiation e Electrostatic processes e High current devices greater than 100 amps Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling General Wiring Guidelines Follow these guidelines for wiring all EtherNet IP cables e fa cable must cross power lines it should do so at right angles e Route at least 1 5 m 5 ft from high voltage enclosures or sources of RF microwave radiation induction heating equipment e If the conductor is in a metal pathway or conduit each section of the pathway or conduit must be bonded to each adjacent section so that it has electrical continuity along its entire length e Equipotential is desired to reduce ground loops and noise ingress e Consult your cable supplier to be sure the electrical performance will not be affected when placing UTP cables in conduit or metallic pathways e Use the correct cabling components for the environment See the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 e Protect the cables and connectors from accidental and or intentional damage For more information on general wiring guidelines see IEEE publication IEEE 1100 Wiring and Grounding Guidelines and the ANSI J STD 607 A Grounding and Bonding Requirements P
93. pers equipment cords and work area cords generally are used for short distance connections However in industrial installations the length may be extended Basic construction of cords is of a male plug connector on both ends of the cable since almost all active and passive devices come equipped with a female receptacle jack Note To prevent shorting in a powered system all cables should end ina female jack Figure 3 25 Sealed 8 way modular cord set Figure 3 26 Sealed M12 4 D coded cord set Extension cords In some cases it may be necessary to extend a cable In this case an extension cord can be used An extension cord shall be constructed as a plug at one end and a jack at the opposite end 3 57 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Number of Connections in a Channel 3 58 The number of mated connections allowed in a channel is determined by the desired channel performance category and the performance level of the components selected A mated connection is defined as an electrically conductive communications path comprised of a mated jack and plug A plug to jack bulkhead may be counted as one connection Back to back jack bulkheads may be counted as one connection provided the jacks are less than or equal to 10 cm electrically apart as defined in the ODVA standard Jack to jack cable assemblies whereby the electrical distance is greater than 10 cm must be counted as two mated connections Consult yo
94. ping tool similar to the one in Figure 5 1 strip back 1 inch of jacket Be careful not to cut the insulation of the wire If you damage the wire insulation cut off the end of the cable and start over AFER Figure 5 1 Stripping the cable jacket 2 Separate the individual wire pairs Untwist only back to the jacket edge See Figure 5 3 Use the T568A or T568B color code and pairing chart in Table 5 2 to identify correct placement of conductors into the connector When to use T568A or T568B EtherNet IP recognizes both T568A and T568B pin pair assignments It is recommended that the T568A wiring scheme be used although T568B may be used if needed T568A scheme exists for backwards compatibility with 5 75 Network Installation telephone systems Neither offers any performance gains over the other Some government agencies require T568A wiring Do not mix T568A and T568B in your system except with cross over cords Table 5 2 Color codes for 4 pair horizontal cables Conductor Identification Color Code Abbreviation iss Blue D White Orange W O BEBO NEM AN White Green W G ELEM MEM EN iis Brown BR 3 Align the wires into color groups as shown in Figure 5 2 Important f you are wiring to T568A then the white orange and orange pair is split across blue and white blue pair If you are wiring to T568B then green white and green pair is split across blue and white blue pair
95. power conductors that AC power lines and I O circuits are more tolerant of electrical noise than Category High power digital I O 2 conductors and may also cause more noise to be picked up by adjacent conductors EMC1 High power digital DC I O Corresponds to IEEE levels 3 low Power connections connectors from motion susceptibility amp 4 power drives to motors Analog I O lines and DC power lines for analog Signal amp Communications low power conductors circuits that are less tolerant of electrical noise than Low power digital AC DC I O lines category 1 conductors and should also cause less i l noise to be picked up by adjacent conductors Low power digital I O lines e O UIS ANU AGIHAtOTS TE ANVE Communications cable EtherNet IP e Corresponds to IEEE levels 1 high DeviceNet and ControlNet to connect n between processors or I O adapters modules susceptibility amp 2 medium susceptibility i l programming terminals computers and data terminals Intra enclosure interconnect the system Low voltage DC power lines POMPOTA A A Enae EMC3 Communications cables to connect between e Corresponds to IEEE levels 1 high ahi system components within the same susceptibility amp 2 medium susceptibility enclosure Routing conductors inside or outside enclosures To guard against coupling noise from one conductor to another follow the general guidelines in Table 3 10 when routing wires and cables inside or outsid
96. r permanent link for a specific application need For example if your application is EtherNet IP requiring Category 5e performance level the certifying tester will perform go no go testing to this level These types of testers come in varying levels of accuracies and bandwidth support Currently the most accurate tester is a Level IV This tester is capable of providing precision measurements You should purchase an appropriate verification or certification tester s based on your needs 7 93 Troubleshooting Your EtherNet IP Network Active test tools Active test tools typically communicate on the network and are application specific For example EtherNet IP is an application using IEEE 802 3 signaling and therefore requires IEEE 802 3 compliant tools Active diagnostic tools will report errors to the application layer using the cabling and active physical layer devices such as switches and routers Some of these tools are capable of producing alarms to the operator when events occur Network Verification Network verification has limited usefulness in troubleshooting a network as verification is only a basic check done at the time of installation With little training these tools are effective in quickly determining if the cabling system has been wired properly or if there has been damage causing an open ora short Network Certification 7 94 Network certification includes electrical performance testing of each channel and
97. r and installer are strongly encouraged to consult the manufacturer for handling and termination requirements Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling Local and national fire codes The designer and installer are strongly encouraged to consult local and national fire codes for material and installation and cable marking requirements Some cable constructions may not be suitable for indoor unprotected installations There are several cable constructions available such as riser plenum LSOH and PMSHA Consult local and national codes for marking requirements to help you identify the correct cable for the installation environment For U S and Canadian installations cables without markings should not be installed indoors as they may not pass inspections Pulling Fiber Optic Cable Pulling tension All fiber cables have two tensile strength limits long term unloaded and short term loaded Short term is the maximum tension placed on the cable during installation and long term is the maximum tension placed on the cable during service These limits must not be exceeded The designer and installer are strongly encouraged to consult the manufacturer s data sheet for tensile ratings The installation methods and rules for both copper and optical fiber are similar The following recommendations should be considered during installation process e Do not pull on the fibers pull on the strength members only Some manufacturers provide
98. ral fibers which are wound around a central strength member inside a small plastic tube and jacketed providing a small high fiber count cable This type of cable is ideal for outside plant applications as it can be made with the loose tubes filled with gel or water absorbent powder to prevent harm to the fibers from water Loose tube cables are typically installed in conduits innerduct overhead or direct buried Since the fibers have only a thin protective coating they must be handled carefully and protected to prevent damage Armored cable Armored cable is generally used for outside plant environments It can be placed in conduit systems direct buried aerial soans and anywhere additional mechanical protection is required Proper grounding techniques must be followed Most cable types simplex zipcord distribution breakout cables and loose tube cables are available with armor If armored cable is used for inside plant environments the jacket material must have the proper safety ratings for indoor use 4 67 Planning Your EtherNet IP Fiber Optic Cabling Aerial cable There are several types of aerial cables available with different mechanical support members Aerial cables are for installation on poles or building columns k lt oe of E Figure 4 9 Types of fiber optic cables left to right zipcord distribution loose tube and breakout Choosing a Cable Consult the manufacturer for the correct cable for y
99. rate test heads for testing channels permanent links and patch cords It is important to have a tester that is capable of testing all components and parts of a channel Additional tools that are beneficial for the certification process include e Digital camera e Digital multi meter with milliohm scale e Hand tools and software for generating reports It is assumed that the certifier has access to a computer and the design documentation Certifying your EtherNet IP Network Electrical Tests The following list of electrical tests should be performed on a network according to the design documentation At a minimum the electrical measurements should be performed after the initial installation to ensure that the cabling system will support the intended application s e Length e Insertion loss e Near end crosstalk NEXT e Power sum near end crosstalk PSNEXT e Equal level far end crosstalk ELFEXT e Power sum equal level far end crosstalk PSELFEXT e Return loss impedance e Propagation delay e Delay skew e Resistance optional Certifying Terminated Cable Segments Transmission performance depends on cable characteristics connecting hardware patch cords and cross connect wiring the total number of connections and the care with which they are installed and maintained This section addresses field test specifications for post installation performance measurements of cabling designed in accordance with the ODVA specifi
100. rewalls or wireless bridges The installation of the network must be robust enough to prevent mechanical damage and noise ingress that could cause degradation of the network s performance resulting in manufacturing process downtime Some commercial off the shelf Ethernet products are not compatible with industrial environments such as those found in industrial manufacturing plants Among the problems encountered with some off the shelf commercial products e Poor cabling balance including active interfaces e Performance degradation caused by temperature and or humidity e Impedance tolerance in excess of 5 resulting in high system reflections e Chemical incompatibility e Susceptibility to electrical noise e Vibration related failures and or e Damage due to bending and flexing 2 13 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System These types of hostile environments require components designed for industrial use Otherwise careful planning the added expense of additional separation and or isolation and or other circuits may be needed As an example cabling not rated for IP65 IP67 may need to be placed in enclosures Cables not designed for high noise environments may need to be isolated by installing them in conduit or otherwise separating them from high noise generating and conducting devices An example of an EtherNet IP control system is shown in Figure 2 1 Firewall Router Ethernet
101. rizontal 73 Index installing 8 plan routing 47 plant hardware 69 plenum rated 56 pull strength 74 pulling fiber optic 71 radius 73 riser rated 56 screened 40 segment verification 87 shielded twisted pair 40 shielded use 7 terminate 75 terminate horizontal 74 terminate ScTP 80 termination 8 types 74 unshielded 7 weld splatter 56 Cabling return loss 108 Categorize conductors 42 Certification tools 100 Certification network 94 Certifying electrical tests 707 terminated cable segments 107 what to certify 700 when to perform 99 Channel connections 58 Channel requirements 5 Channel test configuration 88 102 Communication error 94 Component placement 6 Conductors categorize 42 routing 42 Conduit install fiber 69 Connecting devices 8 Connections in a channel 58 Connectivity between families 24 Connector 17 4 pole M12D coded 20 Ethernet IP sealed 8 way modular 18 9 111 Index 9 112 fiber optic 63 LC 64 RJ45 18 SC 63 ST 63 terminate M12 4 pin 79 Control applications 13 Controlling earth currents 50 Copper bulkhead 59 cable glands 59 cable selection 55 equipment cords 57 extension cords 57 four pair 56 high flex 57 jumpers 57 patch cords 57 plenum rated 56 resistant jackets 56 riser rated 56 selecting I O 59 two pair 56 weld splatter resistant 56 work area cords 57 Cord set 22 8 way modular 22 connectivity 22 crossover function 24 M12 4 D code
102. rmance of your communications system TN C wiring and ground scheme This wiring scheme is not recommended for installations that employ communications circuits Figure 3 12 shows how protective earth PE and Neutral are combined into one conductor As a result the noise generated by the loads devices is normally returned on Neutral Devices that have PE connections are connected to this conductor When PE and Neutral are one conductor then the ground or PE also has the noise Each device has its own noise contribution to this PEN conductor causing additional noise currents and offsets between devices The noise voltage offset currents will then flow between devices Where communications cabling is part of the system and in particular shielded cabling some portion of the noise currents will be found in the communications cabling This will have lesser effect on UTP type cabling as the currents will be in the form of common mode Z Device with Communications o gt Din Rail Bus Bar C9 LN u 9 Ll looo oo d l Noise Communications Cabling D l Noise gt Figure 3 12 TN C wiring and ground scheme TN S wiring scheme The TN S wiring scheme Figure 3 13 reduces the noise on the PE by separating the Neutral and PE into two circuits This requires an additional conductor but also provides an additional layer of
103. s e IEEE 518 Guide for the Installation of Electrical Equipment to Minimize Electrical Noise Inputs to Controllers from External Sources e IEEE 802 3 Telecommunications and information exchange between systems local and metropolitan networks Part 3 e NFPA 70 National Electric Code U S based systems Preface x Chapter 1 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start This chapter provides an overview of considerations for planning your network and selecting appropriate media components It provides guidance for installing Control and Information Networks as defined by the Common Industrial Protocol CIP both inside and outside the automation island If your network is to be installed as a Generic Telecommunications Infrastructure you should consult BICSI Building Industry Consulting Services International and ISO 61918 for installation guidance Understanding Your Environment Your environment can be categorized by three distinct environmental classifications for four types of conditions mechanical ingress climatic chemicals and electromagnetic These environmental classifications are addressed in the Mechanical Ingress Climatic and EMC MICE table in Table 1 1 on page 1 2 The MICE table can be used to determine your environment class The design installation and component selection for your network should take your environment class as defined by the MICE table into consideration To identify your environment class determine
104. s may not meet TIA EIA standards at temperatures commonly seen in industrial installations Cable jackets may be easily damaged at low temperature ranges Either select cables suitable for the environment or convert the environment to meet the cabling specifications through environmental conditioning isolation and or separation techniques See the formulas and tables for cable length de rating provided earlier in this chapter Chemicals can be absorbed into the jackets and wire insulation causing plastic deterioration and performance degradation Therefore special cable constructions or other protection methods may be required Such as separation and or isolation in certain chemical environments For cable specifications refer to the EtherNet IP specification Only cables meeting this specification should be considered for Industrial EtherNet IP networks Note Insulated conductors outside the ranges of 8 mm 0 032 in to 1 0 mm 0 039 in and or cable with sheath diameters larger than 6 35 mm 0 25 in may not be compatible with some connectors Consult your connector and or cable manufacturer for cable compatibility M12 4 D coded and EtherNet IP sealed 8 way modular connector cable entry point diameters vary Check with the connector and or cable manufacturer to ensure cable connector compatibility 3 55 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 3 56 Two pair versus four pair cables Two pair cables offer some advant
105. safety The only noise currents on the PE are from devices that have coupling mechanisms to the local ground connections such as motors and drive controllers It is recommended that this system be used However either system must comply with local and national codes 3 45 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling L1 L3 PE Device with Communications Din Rail Bus Bar LN L1 e ooo oo mem Communications lt Cabling cc 22 Figure 3 13 TN S wiring and ground scheme Grounding and Bonding for Performance 3 46 There are two primary methods for grounding and bonding of equipment This section covers how the ground distribution within the communications coverage area should be designed EtherNet IP is designed to work on both systems However if the condition of your building wiring and grounding system is not known then it is recommended that you use the star multi star system If either of these systems are not used then the planner should use alternate transmission medium not providing earth continuity such as fiber optic cable The two most popular systems are e Star multi star e Highly mesh equipotential Star multi star earthed bonding system Noise currents in ground paths generated by high currents can be controlled by a star earthing system and by isolating the signal ground from t
106. sealed for industrial EtherNet IP systems Table 2 1 Industrial EtherNet IP 8 Way Modular Connector Parameters Specification Type Shielded 8 Way 8 Way Modular Modular Connector Conductors 8 1 8 1 Shielded 750 insertions and 750 insertions and Sealed 8 way modular connectors shall meet the EtherNet IP specification and utilize the encapsulation method selected by ODVA Important Not all 8 way modular connectors are suitable for harsh environments Carefully select 8 way modular connectors for the intended environment Only consider connectors recognized by the ODVA Industrial EtherNet IP specification Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Figure 2 4 The 8 way modular sealed jack and plug in a plastic housing Figure 2 5 The 8 way modular sealed jack and plug in a metal housing There are two 8 way modular wiring methods in use today Pairs 2 and 3 are swapped depending on whether you are using T568A or T568B It is not recommended to mix the two wiring methods in the same channel as this may impair the channel s performance The two pin pair assignments for the 8 way modular connector are as shown in Figure 2 6 Pair 2 Pair 3 Pair 3 Pair 1 Pair 4 Pair 2 Pair 1 Pair 4 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 123 4 5 6 7 8 G BL O BR O BL G BR W G W O W BL W BR W O W G
107. sed to find the majority of cabling faults Visually inspect the network channel permanent link 1 Observe cabling a b Observe device indicators including the switch a b Correct cut or damaged cable Correct damaged connectors An activity indicator at one end and not the other may indicate a cabling fault in one pair and or a device fault An activity indicator out at both ends may indicate a device fault at one end and or a total cable fault All indicators out at a device may indicate a device fault or power fault If the cabling is suspected disconnect the active devices and test the channel Localize and correct the cabling failure a If a verification tool is used in the previous step and no problem is reported perform a certification level test on the channel permanent link If a problem is reported localize and replace the component s If no problem is reported by the test equipment proceed to troubleshooting the active devices per the manufacturer s directions After correcting faults in the cabling system perform a channel permanent link certification test and update the applicable network documentation 7 97 Troubleshooting Your EtherNet IP Network Common symptoms causes of failures Table 7 1 provides common symptoms and causes of failures to help with the troubleshooting process Table 7 1 Network Failures and Possible Causes Possible Cause Suggested Action
108. sverse conversion loss TCL value For example standard cables have a TCL of about 60 20xlog f The shaded area in Figure 3 11 shows performance of UTP cables 3 39 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 3 40 TCL dB AG 20 30 40 50 60 70 TCL for UTP Cables ICL_E1 TCL E2 TCL E3 0 7 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Frequency MHz Figure 3 11 TCL for UTP balanced cables Use of Shielded Cables Screened and shielded twisted pair Depending on where cable is to be routed you must select the correct cable for the environment per the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 Shielded cables may perform better in high EMI noisy environments than non shielded cable However shields cause ground loops that can be very disruptive to industrial networks Therefore use shielded cables in MICE E3 environments where the building ground is at equal potential If shielded cables must be used then grounding of the shields must be performed in such a way as to eliminate ground loops This can be done by providing the a grounding system as detailed in Building Wiring and Ground Methods on page 45 and or through cable construction as detailed in Chapter 5 Network Installation In particular if your application is in a high noise MICE E3 environment or your cable must be run in close proximity to noise radiating sources plan to use shielded cables Consider shielded cables or se
109. t IP Here you ll find the wiring and pin out for copper connectors and cord sets In addition this chapter provides the pin out to convert from one copper connector to another using patch cords Planning Your System Determining connectivity to the backbone The following sections describe some of the variables you should consider when designing and securing your network Backbone cabling 7 Workstation Firewall Backbone cabling Backbone cabling pL ni O pooooQo OO O pooooQo O Switch Switch PLC HLC Workcell 1 Workcell 2 TET ed EL TN ae AA EE EN EN RN RA LJ IL IL IL Figure 3 1 Backbone connectivity 3 29 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling 3 30 Network security Control applications may require access to the control network 100 of the time Intrusions by other users into the control network could cause processing delays and loss of control For this reason the control network must be isolated from the office environment and the Internet The designer is strongly encouraged to provide appropriate security through the use of filtering devices gateways firewalls routers and or appropriate security software The designer and maintenance personnel are cautioned about installing devices on the control network that
110. t of environmental classification is installation specific and should be considered in association with IEC 61918 and the appropriate component specification 3 A single dimensional characteristic i e concentration x 10 was chosen to unify limits from different standards 1 3 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start Planning Your Network 1 4 The process for planning and laying out your Ethernet network should consist of the following steps 1 Determine the type of application a b Information Control 2 Consider your information system as part of the CIP network a oo Determine placement of major components such as switches and devices A device is any Ethernet enabled interface except switches input output HMI PLC NIC etc Determine the length of the cabling needed to reach each device End to end cabling is referred to as the channel which includes equipment cords and patch cords The placement of switches may need to be adjusted to meet Ethernet s 100 m 328 ft segment limit and to accommodate devices Determine operating environmental conditions based on the environmental classes in the MICE table Table 1 1 on page 1 2 including shock and vibration temperature ingress protection requirements the presence of chemicals and electrical noise Select and order materials based on environments Install the network Verify the network g Certify the network 3 Consider yo
111. temperature controlled or shock mounted Note Active network components should be grounded per the manufacturer s recommendations Selecting and locating I O Consider the environment when selecting I O devices and deciding where to locate them Review the manufacturer s specifications with respect to e Vibration e Temperature e Humidity e Electrical noise In harsh environments you may have to provide suitable enclosures for I O devices Use of bulkhead feed throughs and cable glands Communication enclosures may sometimes be placed close to the work area and in harsh conditions Entry into and exit out of these cabinets either through openings in the side back bottom top or door may require an adapter to transition from the dry clean interior of the cabinet to the possible wet or dirty exterior i e from one MICE environment to another The connector should be located in such a way to minimize exposure to liquids dusts mechanical damage and vibration Bulkhead connectors or cable glands should be used where cables enter or exit the cabinet to maintain enclosure seal integrity The sealed IP65 IP67 connectors specified in the ODVA Industrial EtherNet IP specification are available as bulkhead feed throughs The designer must be aware of metallic bulkhead feed throughs that connect the cabling at the enclosure wall This may form a ground loop that could disrupt communications Where a ground loop may be formed a separ
112. tent liquid jet Intermittent liquid jet us min Immersion None lt 12 5 l min 22 dnce gt 6 3 mm jet ur gt 2 5 m distance RECEISIOE 21 m for 230 minutes Climatic Chemicals Chemicals o 0 C3 n temperature 10 a to 60 C 25 a to 70 C 40 C to 70 C Rate of change of temperature 0 1 C per minute 1 0 C per minute 3 0 C per minute J 5 to 95 5 to 85 condensing Humidity non condensing Solar radiation 700 Wm 1120 Wm 1120 Wm Liquid pollution contaminants Concentration X 10 8 Sodium chloride salt sea TT Oil Oil dry air concentration air concentration lt 0005 0 005 405 0 5 sodium stearate soap 5 gt 5 X 10M aqueous a Detergent None 1 2 EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start Table 1 1 Environmental Classifications for MICE Continued Conductive materials in solution Concentration X 10 Concentration X 10 Concentration X 1077 None Temporary Present electromagnetic fH Electrostatic discharge Contact 4 kV 0 667 UC Electrostatic discharge Air 8 kV 0 132 uC 3 V m Q 80 1000 MHz Radiated RF AM 3 V m 1400 2000 MHz 1 V m 2000 2700 MHz Conducted RF 3 V 150 kHz 80 MHz 10V 150 kHz 80 MHz EFT B 500 V 1000 V Surge transient ground potential difference Signal 500 V 1000 V line to earth PETS ER ia 1 Bump the repetitive nature of the shock experienced by the channel shall be taken into account 2 This aspec
113. th limit 25 57 9 82 9 meters The maximum channel length limit for 25 meters of solid conductor horizontal Cat 5e cable is 82 9 meters at 40 C with a maximum of 57 9 meters of stranded conductor Cat 5e patch cable Use of EtherNet IP Components A higher data rate will provide a greater throughput Error rate performance of 1X10 9 Bit Error Rate BER per IEEE 802 3 in elevated noise as described by MICE is highly desired As errors increase in the system network traffic will increase When traffic increases so does response time If your application depends on short response times safeguards must be taken to minimize errors due to noise and other causes of increased traffic Using full duplex communications can further increase throughput by eliminating the collision domain Errors in the system can be reduced by proper selection of network components and or installation techniques For Fast Ethernet the use of low noise high performance cables and connectors is highly recommended Any degradation in noise rejection will degrade an entire channel between a switching device and the peripheral equipment If you are using an EtherNet IP device it has been specially designed for high noise rejection Introducing non EtherNet IP devices cables or connector components into the network may degrade the noise rejection of the system and disrupt an otherwise properly functioning network Low noise cable designs usually have a greater tran
114. the primary buffer coating with Kevlar aramid fiber strength members and jacketed for indoor use The jacket can be from 1 6 mm to 3 mm in diameter Zipcord is simply two of these joined with a thin web It s used mostly for patch cord and backplane applications but zipcord also can be used for desktop and equipment connections Distribution cables Distribution cables contain several 900 um tight buffered fibers bundled under the same jacket with strength members and sometimes include a glass reinforced plastic GRP rod to stiffen the cable and prevent kinking These cables are small in size and used for short dry conduit runs and riser and plenum applications The fibers are contained within a 900 um buffer and can be directly terminated but because their fibers are not individually reinforced these cables need to be terminated within a distribution box patch panel or junction box Breakout cables Breakout cables are made of several simplex cables bundled together This is a strong rugged approach but is larger and more expensive than using distribution cables It is suitable for conduit runs and riser and plenum applications Because each fiber is individually reinforced this design allows for quick termination to connectors and does not require patch panels or junction boxes Breakout cable can be more economical where fiber count is small and distances are short Loose tube cables Loose tube cables are comprised of seve
115. tion Loss MHz dB 885 ss 16 0 7 9 88 88 Link Insertion Loss 20 40 60 80 Freq MHz 100 120 Figure 8 4 Permanent link insertion loss 8 107 Certifying your EtherNet IP Network 8 108 Length of horizontal cable is 90 m 295 ft Insertion loss increases with temperature The user can estimate the insertion loss of cable segments at temperatures other than 20 C using a 0 4 per degree Celsius factor for category 5e cable The temperature coefficient and the maximum temperatures are specified in ANSI TIA EIA 568 B 2 Note 1 When using percent variations in quantities normally expressed in dB this procedure uses percent variations in the dB values 2 Although the terms attenuation and insertion loss are often used interchangeably attenuation implies that the terminating impedance at the device under test is the same as the characteristic impedance of the cable Cabling return loss Return loss is a measure of the reflected energy caused by impedance variations in the cabling system For all frequencies from 1 to 100 MHz the category 5e minimum return loss of the cabling shall be measured in accordance with annex E of ANSI TIA EIA 568 B 2 and shall meet or exceed the values shown Table 8 3 Category 5e Channel Return Loss Frequency Category 5e MHz dB fis the frequency in MHz Table 8 4 Category 5e Channel Return Loss Frequency Category 5e MHz dB
116. trial backbone 15 control applications 13 control components 15 Information applications 13 Innerduct install fiber optic 69 Insertion loss 105 Install fiber optic cable 68 Installing bulkhead feed throughs 82 Installing cable 8 Installing switches 82 Installing the cable 83 IP65 IP67 sealed connectors 8 58 J Jackets oil and chemical resistant 56 L LC connector 64 Length channel limits 92 electrical 97 permanent limits 92 physical 97 M M12 4 D coded connector cord set 23 M12 4 pin connector 79 Maintenance equipment connection 83 MICE apply concept 10 classifications 2 tutorial 9 Mitigation examples 11 Modular network construction 24 N Network access 5 certification 94 channel requirement 5 component placement 6 components active 59 diagnostic error counters 94 failure determination 95 hubs 5 lay out 5 media 5 planning 4 ports 6 security 5 segment 17 switches 6 verification 94 Network failures active test tools 94 passive tester 93 test tools 93 tools for determining 93 Non earthed reference voltage design 53 Index P Passive testers 93 Patch cords 57 84 Patch panel fiber optic 70 modular construction 24 overview 6 Pathways 44 Permanent link test configuration 88 103 Physical length 97 104 Plan fiber optic cable 68 Planning network 4 Plenum rated cables 56 Ports 6 Pull strength cable 74 Pulling tension fiber optic 77 R Raceway considerations 44 Racks and cabi
117. ur control system a b Determine placement of major components such as switches and devices Determine the length of channel cabling needed to reach each device The placement of switches may need to be adjusted to meet Ethernet s 100 m 328 ft segment limit Evaluate your grounding system Determine environmental requirements based on the MICE table Table 1 1 on page 1 2 including shock and vibration ingress protection requirements temperature the presence of chemicals and electrical noise Select and order materials based on above requirements Plan your installation to provide adequate protection from damage by machinery Plan your installation to provide maximum isolation separation from noise generating devices Install the network Verify the network Certify the network EtherNet IP Media System Quick Start Selecting and Laying Out Network Media The following presents an overview of primary considerations for selecting appropriate media and laying out your network Which data rate should be used For the best noise immunity use the lowest data rate at which your application will run 10 Mb s and 100 Mb s keeping in mind that optical fiber generally provides higher noise immunity than other cabling options Channel requirements Component selection should be based on current and future bandwidth and application needs e 2 pair or 4 pair cabling e CAT 5 5e 6 e Optical fiber The minimum
118. ur manufacturer for specific performance capabilities Cable lengths between connecting hardware greater than 10 cm must be counted in the total channel link appropriate cable length budget Alternate configurations should be field tested to ensure adequate performance Table 3 14 Number of Connections in a Channel Desired Number of Category Channel Mated Connector Performance Connections Required Category Cable Required IP65 IP67 sealed connectors If your application exposes cable and connectors to liquid dust or airborne contaminants as described in the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 use the appropriately rated connector IP65 IP67 sealed connectors and bulkhead feed throughs should be utilized See Chapter 2 Important Not all connectors are suitable for harsh environments Carefully select connectors for the intended environment Only consider connectors recognized by the ODVA Industrial EtherNet IP specification Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Placement of Active Network Components You must consider the environment when specifying selecting and determining placement of active network components Unless they are industrially hardened active network components should be installed in suitable enclosures to protect them from the harsh environment per the MICE table Table 5 1 on page 5 72 The temperature and vibration inside the enclosures closets should also be considered since the enclosures may not be
119. urrents can occur with induction furnaces for instance The term non earthed also is used if a parallel resistor and capacitor R C circuit is fitted between the communications shield and earth See Figure 3 21 Many devices are fitted with an R C circuit of this type to improve interference immunity In addition the non earthed arrangement ensures that uncontrolled equalization currents do not destroy devices on the network The relevant safety regulations shall be observed Most EtherNet IP devices are designed with the R C circuit between the jack shield and earth ground on the device Power Device with Communications Xformer Din Rail Bus Bar Q Q jn Li e ooo oo Communications Cabling EE R C in communications device Figure 3 21 Schematic diagram of a plant with non earthed reference voltage 3 53 Planning Your EtherNet IP Copper Cabling Earthing and Bonding 3 54 Shielded Cabling 0 d lt 9 Figure 3 22 Ground noise loop in shielded cables If your device is other than a switch or hub and provides a low resistance 500 k ohms ground at the jack do not connect the shield at the device end of the cable Simply cutting back the shield and insulating it from the connector plug s shell can accomplish breaking the ground See Figure 3 23 and Figure
120. using the jacket strip tool as shown in Figure 5 7 If you damage the shield drain or insulation cut off the end of the cable and start over Figure 5 7 Stripping ScTP cables 2 Separate the individual wire pairs Untwist only back to the jacket edge as shown in Figure 5 8 3 Fold the drain wire and or shields back in line with the cable as shown in Figure 5 8 4 Align the wires into color groups as shown in Figure 5 8 Important f you are wiring to T568A then the white orange and orange pair is split across blue and white blue If you are wiring to T568B then green white and green is split across blue and white blue pair Network Installation Figure 5 8 Wire preparation 5 Hold the conductors in the proper orientation and trim off the excess length using a pair of sharp cutters The finished length beyond the jacket should be less than 0 5 inch 6 Confirm the correct orientation of the conductors and insert the conductors into the connector body Note that each wire has its own slot Follow T 568A or T568B wiring convention as shown in Figure 5 3 Figure 5 9 Inserting the wires into the connector body 7 Push the cable into the shielded connector body until all the wires touch the end of the connector body The jacket should be inserted far enough into the connector body that the cable clamp will engage and hold 8 Insert the connector into the crimp tool as shown in Figure 5 10 If the shield is not t
121. xtractions Gold shall be 24 karat minimum WI Figure 2 8 M12 4 connectors 4 pole M12 circular connectors shall meet the EtherNet IP specification Important Follow manufacturer s assembly instructions to avoid possible degradation or compromise of performance Note D Coding Keyways l D M12 4 D Coded M12 4 D Coded Plug Jack Figure 2 9 M12 4 connector keying 2 21 Overview of the EtherNet IP Media System Cord Sets 2 22 Cordsets can be built on site using cable and field attachable connectors or can be purchased as factory made over molded cord sets There are a minimum of four possible types of plug to plug configurations e Non sealed 8 way plug to 8 way plug e Sealed 8 way plug to sealed 8 way plug e M12 4 D coded plug to M12 4 D coded plug e 8 way modular plug to M12 4 D coded plug Each may come as shielded or unshielded In addition connector housings for the shielded types can be obtained as metal shell variants All of the above may also be purchased as crossover cables Chapter 5 provides details on the pin signal and pair assignments for each of the four cables plus the crossover cables Rules for mixing 2 pair and 4 pair cabling in the same channel When utilizing 4 pole M12 D coded connectors use 2 pair cables shielded or unshielded Due to interference between the pairs of a cable do not use 4 pair cable with 4 pole M12 D coding connectors Two pair c

EtherNet/IP Media Planning and Installation Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents