USER MANUAL - Nuclear Energy
Contents
1. 6 E 10 cias I ied PP AP 12 BASIC INPUT Utilis NL 14 a A 16 Fe Di qa do PR no gn E 18 ss A A E no o E 21 loves m o iar rca teeta tacts tte let kaha ete eam ta aoc et Taw aad isda aes heart Get date nena Laem ee eet 22 B A o TUS o 25 A a 26 deal AMP n 29 atea ic ND 33 sie A APA ez 34 asi nn e MEME eet 35 Distribution parameters non triangular distributions ocucstenatectues tcstumiuu ctis tucicus end timus i imiicmr utet SRL imi cu stos eiut entum 37 Distribution parameters triangular distributions esencia aaa 39 ADVANCED INPUT Ec MEME no AP nn RO o OAA ee ere eee are rere eer nye ET 42 ovas ao ge AA 44 MAMA rn 45 e 47 RETIENE Cuan as 49 OUTPUT ci to ee ee eee ee 52 INCAS o 1 i A E steep 53 o E EE 58 3 62 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Foreword The Integrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors INCAS is a MATLAB code that allows the User to run scenario simulations about nuclear investment projects in new reactor fleet INCAS code allows the User great2. INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Ver 2 0 b0 Oct 2012 USER MANUAL POLITECNICO DI MILANO DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY CeSNEF Nuclear Engineering Division NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Via La Masa 34 20156 Milano ITALY www nuclearenergy polimi it Project Leader Sara Boarin sara boarin polimi it Manual authors Sara Boarin Mattia Massone Marco Ricotti DISCLAIMER The use of the INCAS software is allowed and is ruled by the Collaboration Agreement with Politecnico di Milano INCAS is in its Beta phase and Politecnico di Milano assumes no liability for any damages of any kind directly or indirectly derived or arising from the correct or incorrect usage of INCAS or arising from the presence of any defects and or arising from the use of results obtained It is expressly understood acknowledged and agreed that you shall regardless of whether or not formally requested to do provide to Politecnico di Milano reasonable suggestions comments and feedback regarding the Software including but not limited to usability bug reports and test results with respect to Software testing INCAS software is intended for non commercial purpose only 2 62 SR 5 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Poen REACTO R UP CONTENTS ANISTON 4 MAIN CONCEPTS Peralada a UNICOS RMC
3. DNYIDENDS E 700 1 E ee Pee ree a O OO EODD 1500 eene PME pas j AA AN E ll PA O 1000 O I eee rmHeeeeeSeBReHRMMMMMM SReHHRes e E O EN arrancada tion m A E 0 sen bres V A A A ceteaeeeceseuess 500 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 TIME Quarters 60 62 NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP MCur NPV MCur INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors CAPITAL INVESTMENT SOURCES AT NPP LEVEL 4500 NA Equity 4000 ENS DEBT EOS SELF FINANCING 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 REACTOR EFFECTS OF FINANCIAL MIX ZEN 000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 D 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Equity Debt Equity 95 61 62 IN Mates moda 9 Fr IN id mi a d Co T f JE Ifi pi TIERE A aor a cd l Li LL A i LT UT L A hm A LR Ez INCAS main publications Financial case studies on Small and Medium size Modular Reactors S Boarin G Locatelli M Mancini M E Ricotti NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY vol 178 p 218 232 2012 Investment in different sized SMRs economic evaluation of stochastic scenarios by INCAS code S Barenghi S Boarin M E Ricotti ICAPP Int Conf Chicago USA 24 6 2012 p 2783 2792 ANS Ed Small medium sized nuclear coal and gas power plant a probab
4. 3 50 lt DE lt 60 3 25 60 lt DE lt 70 5 00 70 lt DE lt 80 6 75 DE gt 80 9 00 40 lt DE lt 50 2 50 Optimal financial mix The optimal financial mix is the debt equity mix to be used when covering negative cash flows in order to maximize the profit The NPV is calculated for different mix values and the one which gives the maximum value is considered to be the optimal mix the result belongs to the interval OPT tol OPT tol where OPT is the exact solution and tol the tolerance chosen by the User If the User chooses a fixed cost of debt the optimal financial mix is not calculated as its value is either 0 if the cost of debt is lower than the one of equity or 100 otherwise Levelised Cost Of Electricity LCOE The LCOE is calculated by means of the bisection method Construction delays The delay duration is determined by sampling The delay quarters are then added to the expected construction duration so obtaining the real construction duration If the construction shift option is enabled the delay start instant is chosen randomly between the start and the expected end of the construction Then all the reactors which construction start is subsequent to the delay start have their construction start instant increased by the delay duration 9 62 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors I O Files The INCAS p
5. As in stochastic calculation the financing mix is not calculated the related section is visible only in the deterministic case Additional details When the Back button is clicked the inserted data are kept 50 62 de INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Q C C 51 62 vote P AUS INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Output Options Window display As soon as the calculation is completed Screenshot Excel file output creation Save Scenario amp Show Results Show Results Aim This User interface is displayed when the calculation procedure has been completed The window presents to the User the choice between savingthe input scenario and the results in a MAT file and then show the latter e showing the results without saving them In both cases the User may choose to create an Excel file summarizing the scenario and the results Operating method The User may choose between 2 buttons Save Scenario amp Show Results the User is asked for the path and the name to give to the scenario input amp output MAT file then the file is saved the current window is closed and the results are shown e Show results closes the current window and shows the results In addition if Excel file output creation is checked an Excel file summarizing input and output
6. INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors negative The distributions whose boundaries are relaxed are e Annual escalation rate for construction cost e Annual increase of delay influenced construction cost e Annual inflation rate e Construction delay Mean value must always be between the lower and higher boundaries if the chosen distribution is the uniform one and so mean and standard deviation cells are disabled this limitation is reduced to the fact that the lower bound must be lower than the higher bound 38 62 Ags Cea Se 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Distribution parameters triangular distributions Window display Accessible from Reactor Data Set stochastic calculation only Accessible from Investment Input stochastic calculation only Accessible from Country Input stochastic calculation only Accessible from Construction Schedule stochastic calculation only Screenshot E Distr parameters Reference construction cost Parameters Setting X Normalized PDF Minimum 0 Lower cut 28 Mode 100 Higher cut 120 Maximum 140 Inserted values must follow a coherent All values must be non negative Aim The User interface is opened whenever the parameters of a triangular distribution must be modified i e after clicking a Check Set Verify parameters button Operating method This fun
7. data is created in the position chosen by the User in this case a progress bar will be shown while the file is created Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation None 52 62 163 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors INCAS Output At the end of the calculation 3 result windows are created Screenshot deterministic Bl INCAS Output 1 o mtm Bankruptcy Total Financial Interests 3001 52 of which Interest During Construction 814 888 Overnight Capital Expenditures 24125 8 Total self financing 14917 7 Total Equity investment 4604 03 Total Debt investment 5418 92 53 62 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Bl INCAS Output 2 Pay Back Time When cumulated cash flows are O negative cumulated cash flows equal positive cumulated cash flows Cash Flow 5069 78 11 5 Average Debt Equity on Balance Sheet Financing mix Maximum Debt Equity 110 311 on Balance Sheet Maximum Debt Equity Critical year Debt coverage ratio Debt stock EBITDA 54 62 Y m AI INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Bl INCAS Output 3 Net Present Value Unlevered Cash Flow 7348 61 Free Cash Flow 7513 62 Internal Rate of Return Unlev
8. deterministic and stochastic calculation The form is not used in deterministic calculation 21 62 j A iS INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Investment Input Window display After Reactor library Back from Country Input Screenshot deterministic E E Investment Input E INVESTMENT SPECIFIC INPUTS User may change default values Number of reactors 8 Value must be positive Number of sites Value must be positive Debt amortization period years Value must be positive Average depreciation period for fixed assets years Value must be positive Dividend share during debt amortization period Value must be between 0 and 100 Dividend share after complete debt amortization Value must be between 0 and 100 Financing mix ratio Equity Equity Debt Value must be between 0 and 100 Cost of Debt and Equity Power output of the reference standard large LWR MWe Construction cost Constr cost for a reference standard large LWR Cur kWe Value must be positive Annual escalation rate for construction cost 975 Value must be non negative Share of positive free cash flow that shareholders get as dividend 22 62 AUS 43 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Screenshot stochastic E Investment Input INVESTMENT SPECIFIC IN
9. has been properly filled the User will be given the choice between default and User defined function expressed in the proper panel and plotting the User defined function will be possible The User can always see the plot of the default multiple unit function by using the Plot INCAS default function button When a plot button is clicked with another plot figure open the two plots will be superposed for comparison It is always possible to move to the next window Iterative calculation settings by clicking Continue or to go back to the Modularization by means of the Back button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation None 47 62 y A INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Additional details When the Back button is clicked the inserted data are kept 48 62 AO ext Se 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Iterative calculation settings Window display After Multiple units Screenshot E Advanced User Input 4 ITERATIVE CALCULATION SETTINGS Optimal financing mix ratio Levelized Cost Of Electricity Cur MWh Range can be expanded if it contains no zeros Max 120 Min 50 Tolerance All the values must be positive Minimum value must be lower than maximum one Warning increasing the range and reducing the to
10. is Set parameters and it has a yellow background colour similarly right after changing the distribution choice the caption becomes Verify parameters and the background colour is yellow Once the buttons have been clicked the caption becomes Check parameters The User can finalize the operation only after each distribution has been set verified and the edit boxes are all filled The stochastic version of the window also has the Variable cost button which launches the Variable O amp M costs window Additional details As the parameters of a triangular distribution are not compatible with the ones of the other distributions when changing the distribution selection from or to triangular one the parameters for that distribution are deleted 20 62 AO ext Se 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Variable O amp M costs Window display Accessible only from Reactor Data Set stochastic calculation only Screenshot E Variable O amp M cost Variable O amp M costs Variable costs on total O amp M costs 96 Aim The User is asked to introduce the variable O amp M cost percentage Operating method The User should fill the edit box with the required value it must be non negative otherwise the violating edit box is shaded in red and the User cannot get back to the Reactor Data Set window by means of the OK button Differences between
11. on construction duration 7 months E d Normal Check parameters Renegotiation instants v Delays cause construction schedule shift User may change default values Values must be positive 50 Decommissioning strategy for Reactor No 3 a Default Construction startegy file CSV Load file Back Continue gt i Schedule m AS Create file After renegotiation the extra risk rate during construction is no more due Aim This window is used for defining the construction schedule reactor type site construction start quarter duration delay parameters Operating method For each reactor to be built chosen with the Reactor number list the reactor type and the site must be chosen with the other two lists In addition the construction start quarter and the duration must be defined in the 2 edit boxes The default renegotiation instant which changes depending on the declared construction schedule can be changed by substituting the default value in the provided edit box Once modified the value will not be updated but the default value can be restored by clicking the Default button this will restore also the automatic update The User should fill the edit boxes with the required data complying with the corresponding constraints failing this the violating edit box is shaded in red and the violated constraint is written in bold In addition the User cannot modify any other react
12. settings Back from Learning Screenshot Back to Basic User Input Advanced User Input Aim This User interface is displayed after the Basic User Input or the Advanced User Input is finished The window presents to the User the choice between savingthe inserted data in a MAT file and run the calculation e running the calculation without saving the input data checking the data inserted in the Basic Input section continuing the input process with the Advanced section Operating method The User may choose between 4 buttons Save Input amp Run the User is asked for the path and the name to give to the scenario input MAT file then the file is saved the current window is closed and the calculation starts Runwithout saving closes the current window and the calculation starts Back to Basic User Input closes the current window and opens the Reactor Library window Back to Advanced User Input closes the current window and opens the Learning window 35 62 A INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation None Additional details The caption of the last button changes depending on the previous window 36 62 RAN es AUS 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Distributi
13. 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Screenshot stochastic E Electricity market amp Country input Electricity Market Model Mean Reversion Parameters selection Initial Price Cur MWh Normal Check parameters Price paid to the Producer I e NPP Reversion Speed Uniform m Long run mean Cur MWh Normal Check parameters Standard deviation Cur MWh Uniform E Trend 1 Uniform Nustrative simulation based on selected distributions mean values 4 g a Country specific inputs User may change default values Parameters selection Value must be between O Corporate tax rate 35 and 100 Risk free rate is not required if the cost of debt is fixed manually Annual inflation rate Normal Aim This User interface allows to introduce the electricity market and country specific inputs The User is asked to introduce 5 8 values Operating method The User should fill the edit boxes with the required data complying with the corresponding constraints failing this the violating edit box is shaded in red and the violated constraint is written in bold In addition the User cannot continue to the next window Once every edit box has been properly filled the User can pass to the following input window Construction schedule by clicking Continue It is always possible to go back to the Inves
14. ACTORS GROUP 5 62 ae 43 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Formulas and assumptions Capital costs The total saving factor is the product of e scale factor e modularization factor e multiple unit factor e learning factor e design factor The scale factor is given by y MW scale MW ef so it goes from o to 0 The modularization factor depends on the reactor type i e its size p according to 0 ifp lt 34MW 1 if p gt 1100 MW 5 8174 10 D p 1 9304 107 p 24992 10 5 p 41 6 107 p 0 54691 otherwise and can be modified by the User D 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Reactor Power The multiple unit factor is given by 6 62 ae 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors 1 bb S 1 S where S is the number of reactor units of the same type in construction or already built on the site the asympthotic learning bb default value is 0 141 that can be changed by the User multiple The learning factor for each reactor is influenced by 3 parameters e the number of reactors of the same type in construction or already built on a different site W e the number of reactors of the same type on the same site which are at least 1 3 built C All these parameters linearly decay according to the oblivion parameters the decay always starts w
15. EE CASH FLOWS Cash MCur 50 100 150 200 250 300 TIME Quarters 58 62 350 NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors COST OF DEBT AND WACC EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEBEEEEEE EE EE EE EE ERA LAR RL EE FEE EE EEEEE EE EE EE ILLIA TERE EE EE LEE EEUU I PREEERERRRRRERRRRREREEREEEE FFEREEREEREEREREEREEEEREERERREEEEREEEEEEEREEREEEEREEREEREREEREEREEEEREEREEEEEEEEFEEEEEEEEEREEREE MCur 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 TIME Quarters CAPITAL INVESTMENT SOURCES 1000 ENS Equity ER SELF FINANCING 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Bn 90 100 110 TIME Guarters 59 62 der NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Debt MCur INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors DEBT STOCK 6000 eee de q 5000 e A000 Po ee 9 9 3 9 o9 9 o9 o9 o9 9 o 9 n n 9 n n n n n Dn o9 n8 n9 g 3000 2 2000 F ee ee eRe eee o 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 errr o9 9 o9 o9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 9 o9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 o9 9 o 9 9 o9 o9 9 o9 o9 o9 9 o9 o o9 o9 n on n 1000 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 TIME Guarters SINGLE PERIOD FREE CASH FLOWS 2500 ak FREE CASH FLOA
16. PUTS User may change default values Number of reactors 8 Value must be positive Number of sites 3 Value must be positive Debt amortization period years 12 Value must be positive Average depreciation period for fixed assets years 8 Value must be positive Dividends Dividend share during debt amortization period 75 20 Value must be between 0 and 100 Dividend share after complete debt amortization 9 90 Value must be between 0 and 100 Financing mix ratio Equity Equity Debt 6 Value must be between 0 and 100 Cost of Debt and Equity seta Power output of the reference standard large LWR MWe 1000 Value must be higher than 35 MW Construction cost Constr cost for a reference standard large LWR Cur kWe Normal Y Verityparameters Annual escalation rate for construction cost Triangular Setparameters D amp D cost for a reference standard large LWR Cur kWe Normal Z lt Back Continue gt Share of positive free cash flow that shareholders get as dividend Aim In this window the User is asked to introduce 11 12 values related to the investment Operating method The User should fill the edit boxes with the required data complying with the corresponding constraints failing this the violating edit box is shaded in red and the violated constraint is written in bold In addition the User cannot continue to the next window The co
17. alues Once every edit box has been properly filled the User can pass to the following input window Multiple units by clicking Continue It is always possible to go back to the Learning window 45 62 by means of the Back button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation None Additional details When the Back button is clicked the inserted data are kept 46 62 TEC ae 5K INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Multiple units Window display After Modularization Back from Iterative calculation settings Screenshot E Advanced User Input 3 uu MULTIPLE UNITS User defined function Cost saving horiz asymptote for n th unit on the site F 80 with reference to the same specific reactor type Inserted value must be between O and 100 Select function for the data processing O Default function User defined function lt Back Continue gt Aim This window allows modifying the default parameters for the multiple unit factor calculation Operating method The default multiple unit function can be substituted by a User defined one which requires a parameters to be put in the edit box The needed value is a percentage and so must be included between 0 and 100 if the edit boxes does not comply with this constraint it will be shaded in red Once the edit box
18. ction button When a plot button is clicked with another plot figure open the two plots will be superposed for comparison 42 62 SERA Ca o Ja 63K INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors The User can modify the oblivion parameters by means of the special button which will open a dedicated window Learning oblivion parameters It is always possible to move to the next window Modularization by clicking Continue or to go back to the Input Finalization by means of the Back button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation None Additional details When the Back button is clicked the inserted data are kept 43 62 E amp 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Learning oblivion parameters Window display Accessible from Learning Screenshot E Learning oblivion parameters LEARNING OBLIVION Time to delete on site learning years Time to delete worldwide learning years All the values must be positive Aim This User interface allows changing the oblivion parameters Operating method The User should fill the edit boxes with the required value they must be positive otherwise the violating edit box is shaded in red and the User cannot get back to the Learning window by means of the OK button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation Non
19. ction reads the parameters only for the triangular distribution cut at the two sides shown in the following picture 39 62 The User should fill the edit boxes with the required data complying with the corresponding constraints failing this the violating edit box is shaded in red and the violated constraint is written in bold Once all the edit boxes have been properly filled the normalized value of f x is given for each point Once every edit box has been properly filled the User can get back to the calling window by means of the OK button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation The form is not used in deterministic calculation Additional details By default all the values of the distribution must be positive however for the distributions listed below this constraint does not apply in any case the standard deviation must be positive The distributions whose boundaries are relaxed are e Annual escalation rate for construction cost e Annual increase of delay influenced construction cost e Annual inflation rate e Construction delay It must always be true that Minimum lt Lower cut lt Mode lt Higher cut lt Maximum 40 62 der INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP 41 62 vote P AUS INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Learning W
20. e 44 62 AUS INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Modularization Window display After Learning Back from Multiple units Screenshot E Advanced User Input 2 E MODULARIZATION 1000 like EPR like Power output MWe 1117 IRIS LR Nuscale like mPower like Modularization saving factor 6 Inserted value must be between 0 and 100 Aim This User interface allows defining custom modularization values for each reactor type different from the ones calculated automatically which are dependent on the reactor power Operating method The list on the left side shows the reactors in the library and can be used to select the reactor to take into consideration The power output of the selected reactor is displayed and the modularization factor the default one if never modified is shown in the edit box The modularization is a percentage and so it must be included between 0 and 100 failing this the violating edit box is shaded in red and the violated constraint is written in bold In addition the User cannot modify any other reactor than the selected one It is possible to plot the modularization values of all the reactors in the library on the default function by clicking on Plot on default function Also it is always possible to reset the default modularization values for all the reactors by means of Restore default v
21. e of any defects and or arising from the use of results obtained It is expressly understood acknowledged and agreed that you shall regardless of whether or not formally requested to do provide to Politecnico di Milano reasonable suggestions comments and feedback regarding the Software including but not limited to usability bug reports and test results with respect to Software testing INCAS software is intended for non commercial purpose only CREDITS Sara Boarin Mattia Massone Marco Ricotti Aim The window present the User with the choice between defining a new deterministic scenario 14 62 a f ae j 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors defining a new stochastic scenario opening an input scenario In this last case the User selects a file and chooses between e running the input file without modifications e modifying the input scenario before running it e showing the results of an already calculated scenario converting an already calculated scenario into an Excel output file Operating method At start the User may choose between 3 buttons New DETERMINISTIC scenario New STOCHASTIC scenario Select input file The first two buttons close the current window and open the next one Reactor library in order to define a new scenario once chosen the calculation type cannot be changed without closing INCAS and the created files cannot be
22. elays 100 Value must be between 0 and 100 Annual construction cost increase due to delay 96 uniform _ Set distribution parameters To be applied only to the fraction affected by delays or Aim This window is used for adding new reactors or to modify existing ones in the reactor library The User is asked the features peculiar to the reactor expressed as 13 values to be introduced Operating method The User should fill the edit boxes with the required data complying with the corresponding constraints failing this the violating edit box is shaded in red and the violated constraint is written in bold In addition the User cannot finalize the reactor definition modification Once every edit box has been properly filled the definition modification can be finalized by clicking OK It is always possible to abort a new reactor definition by means of the Cancel button while it is not possible when modifying an existing reactor Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation Only for the stochastic calculation some data are substituted with distributions The distribution parameters can be set by clicking the Set Verify Check parameters button a 19 62 GER A Jap INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Distribution parameters window will open after selecting the distribution type from the menu At start each distribution button caption
23. ered Cash Flow Free Cash Flow Optimal financing mix ratio Equity Debt Equity 35 CGomesponding NP LISSE S eee MCur 7618 37 Levelized Cost of Electricity Range enlarged 1 times Unlevered Cash Flow Cur MWh 41 4063 Conv Error corresponding NPV 85 0685 Conv Error NPV capex IDC 0 501125 Free Cash Flow 41 4063 Conv Error corresponding NPV 83 1977 Conv Error NPV capex IDC 0 490104 55 62 Screenshot stochastic Bl INCAS Output 1 Bankruptcy probability Total Financial Interests of which Interest During Construction Overnight Capital Expenditures STD DEY 80 44 7214 13686 2 13261 6 2721 29 3321 18 46774 2 40952 2 9715 44 2071 9 18590 7 20794 6 24218 9 29550 1 Bl INCAS Output 2 Pay Back Time When cumulated cash flows are O negative cumulated cash flows equal positive cumulated cash flows Cash Flow Average Debt Equity on Balance Sheet Financing mix Maximum Debt Equity on Balance Sheet Maximum Debt Equity Critical year Debt coverage ratio Debt stock EBITDA 56 62 STD DEV 10 6771 35783 6 51089 7 24 9 9 2019 73 7137 966 286 11 55 51 3372 Bl INCAS Output 3 Net Present Value Unlevered Cash Flow Free Cash Flow 1803 45 Internal Rate of Return Unlevered Cash Flow 25 6304 Free Cash Flow 37 8474 Levelized Cost of Electricity Unlevered Cash Flow 78 8125 Conv Error corr
24. esponding NP 15 9675 Conv Error NPY capex IDC 155 779 Free Cash Flow 72 4375 Conv Error corresponding NP 33 8093 Conv Error NPY capex IDC 201 189 Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation In the stochastic case each result is associated with a standard deviation and has a View graph button that shows the frequency distributions of the obtained results in the various scenarios calculated throughout the MonteCarlo simulation Additional details The values of the Output 1 are actualized 163 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors STD DEY 11781 7 4224 65 78 9961 112 223 43 6083 63 5011 279 354 37 6765 993 5627 303 259 id 5 s EE lt a 3 3 i s JNE The caption of the LCOE panel reports a message in red if no zeros have been found 57 62 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Output plots At the end of the calculation 6 plots are created Line chart Cumulated free cash flows time Line chart Cost of debt time and WACC time Area chart Capital investment sources time Area chart Debt stock time Line chart Free cash flow time and Dividends time Superposed bar chart Capital investment sources reactor Line chart NPV financial mix Screenshots x 10 CUMULATED FR
25. ethod used for calculating the cost of debt and equity and asks the User for the needed data Operating method The User should choose the method for calculating the cost of debt and equity automatic or manual by means of the buttons based on the choice the right edit boxes are enabled and the other ones are disabled All the values must be positive otherwise the violating edit box is shaded in red and the User cannot get back to the Investment Input window by means of the OK button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation None Additional details When the button selection is changed only the second edit box value is kept while the other ones are reset If the cost of debt selection is set to Manual the optimal financial mix will not be calculated 25 62 amp 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP c Country Input Window display After Investment Input Back from Construction Schedule Screenshot deterministic CLLBL E Country Input COUNTRY SPECIFIC INPUT User may change default vales Electricity price Cur MWh Electricity price annual increase rate 96 Nominal risk free rate 9o Annual inflation rate 9 6 Corporate tax rate 96 Inserted values must be positive Price paid to the Producer Le NPP 26 62 ERA Tha ol eo Ja
26. flexibility in the input parameters setting to represent different investment strategies and scenario conditions electricity price operating performances sources of financing etc In this way sensitivity analysis are possible to appreciate the impact of each input variable on the economic performance on the investment project or to set the most suitable investment strategy to reach the project objectives i e LCOE minimisation profitability maximisation risk control etc Moreover the User can define some parameters as probability distribution and perform stochastic calculation the program calculates many times the scenario each time after sampling the distribution variables and gives the expected value and the standard deviation of each result INCAS measures several indicators of performance under different perspectives financial soundness cost effectiveness profitability etc The User is allowed to save the scenario input settings in order to recover them and in case modify selected parameters running the program running the with new input value This manual is a guide for the Users who will make use of INCAS In the first section the basic concepts and the main used formulas will be explained the following sections will explain in detail each window that can be encountered during INCAS execution 4 62 der INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR RE
27. he ones of the other distributions when changing the distribution selection from or to triangular one the parameters for that distribution are deleted When Back is clicked the inserted data are kept If the number of reactors is changed the data possibly previously inserted in the Construction Schedule might be deleted e if itis increased the data are completely preserved e if itis reduced the data are kept within the limits of the new n e if the cell is emptied the data are completely lost Similarly if the number of sites is changed e if itis increased the data are completely preserved e if it is reduced the reactors built in sites with higher number than the new value are set to the maximum value e ifthe cell is emptied the data are completely lost 24 62 ae 43 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Cost of debt and equity Window display Accessible from Reactor Data Set Screenshot E Cost of debt and equity _ Cost of debt Cost of equity nome wana Quarters used for the moving average EE Sensitivity to market risk 0 88 Extra risk rate during construction 95 6 Return of the stock market 9 All the values must be positive OK If the cost of debt is manually fixed the optimal financial mix is not calculated as the answer is trivial Aim The User interface allows changing the m
28. heck parameters button a Distribution parameters window will open after selecting the distribution type from the menu For each reactor it the User can introduce different parameters or disable the delay possibility operating on the special checkbox If the Delays cause construction schedule shift checkbox is enabled the delay of each reactor will defer the construction start of all the reactors whose construction has not been started yet when the delay occurs On the other hand if it is disabled the construction of each reactor will not be exactly the one defined in the schedule Right after changing the distribution choice the distribution button caption becomes Verify parameters and the background colour is yellow Once the buttons have been clicked the caption becomes again Check parameters The User can finalize the operation only after each distribution has been set verified and the edit boxes are all filled Moreover for each reactor the Decommissioning strategy can be changed by means of the button provided which will open a special window If not modified the strategy is the default 31 62 A a me we AE INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors one Additional details At start all the reactors are of the first type and in the first site the reactor starts at instant 0 and the duration is one quarter The debt renegotiation occurs by default at
29. hen the last reactor is complete and stops when a construction starts The learning factor is expressed by default as learning 0 48 W C 0 41 1 W CY 0 11 C where 0 0896733809708740 0 0513991525066443 0 1281563514906820 0 1520030934450500 a p y learning 0 2 4 5 g 10 12 14 15 18 20 Reactor Units C It can be defined also by log 1 a log 1 b learning C 192 1 W og2 if the User defines the parameters a and b The design factor depends on the reactor type The unitary overnight construction cost is given by the product of the total saving factor and the construction cost of a reference standard LWR 7 62 AOAN a eae 1 St AE INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors The total overnight construction cost is obtained by taking into consideration the effect of construction delay The delay influenced cost fraction is increased by a factor ConstrDuratione fr r ConstrDurationyer 1 escalationgesay i The capital cost expenditure is distributed according to a sine function in the interval 0 tr Relation between different reactors All the reactors contribute to a common money pool where the reactors with positive Unit Cash Flow UCF put the money left after paying financial interests and debt stock amortization quota from this pool the reactors with negative UCF can withdraw the amount t
30. hey need to balance their cash flow UCF which are still negative are covered with debt and equity investment mix defined by the User If the total equity stock becomes negative the investment is considered as failed due to bankruptcy and the calculation is stopped Dividends Dividends similarly to taxes are calculated on the global net profit O amp M cost The O amp M cost is given by the formula t 1 OM nit 1 inflation MW CF t 4 1 0M _ vartable CF OM t Decontamination amp Decommissioning cost The D amp D cost is given by the formula factorpp 1 995024876 0 001 MW beginpp DD ef factorpp MW life DDstart DDyinat beginpp 1 inflation 4 Electricity cost model According to the mean reversion model the electricity price for each period t is given by the formula ee t 1 ee t speed Irm 1 1 trend 1 t ee t res std where e is a random variable distributed according to a normal distribution with null mean and unitary standard deviation Cost of debt Unless the User chooses a constant value for it the cost of debt is Kd rfr premium extra 8 62 E Cl TM ae 63K INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors before the renegotiation and Kd rfr premium afterwards The risk premium is given by the following table DE Debt Debt Equity Risk premium
31. ibution are deleted When the Back button is clicked the inserted data are kept 28 62 OLITE D o F in M j vi i ig MILANO y ALI INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Construction Schedule Window display After Country Input Back from Number of simulations stochastic calculation only Screenshot deterministic E Construction Schedule CONSTRUCTION STRATEGY eur Reactor number Design Site number Construction start Construction duration Starting instant quarters AP1000 Value must be Value must be positive 0 1 Renegotiation instant User may change default values Value must be positive 1 Default Construction file CSV Loadfile file Back Schedule Createfilb file After renegotiation the extra risk rate during construction is no more due 29 62 AUS INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Screenshot stochastic E Construction Schedule CONSTRUCTION SCENARIO SCHEDULE Reactor number Design Site number Construction start Starting instant 1 gt AP1000 like 3 4 Value must be non negative 2 EPR like 2 12 v Delay possibility E 3 4 LR s Delay input for Reactor No 3 Nuscale like 6 mPower like Delay
32. ilistic analysis of their financial performances and influence of CO2 cost G Locatelli M Mancini ENERGY POLICY vol 38 p 6360 6374 2010 Economic features of integral modular small to medium size reactors M D Carelli P Garrone G Locatelli M Mancini C Mycoff P Trucco M E Ricotti PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY pp 403 414 vol 52 4 2010 IR w S EA INCAS code is offered free of charge to Universities Research Centres and Institutions for non commercial purposes upon the signature of a Collaboration Agreement with POLIMI a TEX Contact us INCAS Project Leader Ms Sara Boarin sara boarin polimi itt Further info and documents oS A INCAS web site www nuclearenergy polimi it research incas php i a n i a E p a ANC WIL POLITECNICO DI MILANO DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY CeSNEF Nuclear Engineering Division NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP B Via La Masa 34 20156 Milano ITALY 7 www nuclearenergy polimi it
33. indow display After Input Finalization once chosen Advanced User Input Back from Modularization Screenshot EY Advanced User Input 1 LEARNING Plot INCAS default function User defined function Plot user defined function Cost saving for each on site power capacity doubling 20 Cost saving for each world power capacity doubling with reference to the same specific reactor type Inserted values must be between 0 and 100 select function for the data processing Default function Plot Delta function Default User User defined function Oblivion parameters Aim This window allows modifying the default parameters for the learning factor calculation Operating method The default learning function can be substituted by a User defined one which requires 2 parameters to be put in the edit boxes The values to be inserted are percentages and so must be included between 0 and 100 edit boxes not compliant to this constraint will be shaded in red Once both edit boxes have been properly filled the User will be given the choice between default and User defined function expressed in the proper panel and plotting the User defined function will be possible It will be also possible to plot the difference between the User defined function and the default one The User can always see the plot of the default learning function by using the Plot INCAS default fun
34. lerance will affect the calculation run time Aim Optimal financial mix and LUEC are calculated using iterative methods In this window the User is asked to introduce the tolerance that will be used for stopping the iterations and a guess interval for LCOE Operating method The User should fill the edit boxes with the required data complying with the given constraints failing this the violating edit box is shaded in red and the violated constraint is written in bold In addition the User cannot continue to the next window For LCOE calculation an initial guess interval is required however if the checkbox is enabled in case no solution can be found in the given interval INCAS will move or expand it on the contrary if the checkbox has been unchecked if no solution can be found in the given interval 49 62 AUS 43 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors INCAS will not return the LCOE among the result As the optimal financial mix calculation may be long the User can exclude it using the checkbox the checkbox is always unchecked and disabled if the cost of debt is fixed by the User Once every edit box has been properly filled the User can pass to the following input window Input Finalization by clicking Continue It is always possible to go back to the Multiple units by means of the Back button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation
35. ministic and stochastic calculation The default reactor library is different in the two cases Additional details If the construction strategy has already been set and a reactor is deleted the strategy is kept however if the deleted reactor is in use its design is substituted with the first one in the library 17 62 NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Reactor Data Set Window display Accessible only from Reactor library Screenshot deterministic E Reactor Data Set REACTOR SPECIFIC DATA SET Reactor type Power output MWe Capacity factor Operating life years O amp M unit cost Cur MWh Fuel cycle unit cost Cur MWh D amp D unit cost Cur MWh Design saving factor on construction costs 96 Reactors of the same type already built in the world Number of reactors Learning is buit if NPPs have been deployed by the same Contractor in some cases learning is transferred through Operators of the same Countny system Years since last deployment Expected construction duration quarters Delays Overnight constr costs share affected by constr schedule delays Annual construction cost increase due to delay 96 To be applied only to the fraction affected by delays building yard and labour 18 62 AI INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Already used names cannot be Value must be higher than 35 MY Value must be between O a
36. nd 100 Value must be positive Value must be non negative Yalue must be non negative Value must be non negative Value must be between 0 and 100 Value must be non negative Value must be non negative Value must be positive Value must be between O and 100 Value must be non negative AUS 63K INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Screenshot stochastic Bl Reactor Data Set LO Ss REACTOR SPECIFIC DATA SET Reactor name EPR Already used names cannot be used Power output MWe 1600 Value must be higher than 35 MWY Operating life years 8 Value must be positive Design saving factor on construction costs 76 Value must be between 0 and 100 Expected construction duration quarters Value must be positive Stochastic distribution definition Capacity factor Uniform _ Set distribution parameters O amp M specific fixed cost Cur kW Uniform T erste cost Fuel cycle specific cost Cur MWh Normal Verify distribution parameters Reactors of the same type already built in the world Number of reactors Value must be non negative Learning is built if NPPs have been deployed by the same Contractor in some cases learning ijs tranferred through Operators of the same Countny systerm Years since last deployment Value must be non negative Delays Overnight constr costs share affected by constr schedule d
37. on parameters non triangular distributions Window display Accessible from Reactor Data Set stochastic calculation only Accessible from Investment Input stochastic calculation only Accessible from Country Input stochastic calculation only Accessible from Construction Schedule stochastic calculation only Screenshot E Distr parameters Reference construction cost Parameters Setting Standard deviation Distribution Range Lower bound EE Upper bound 533 Mean value must be within the boundaries OK All values must be non negative Aim The User interface is opened whenever the distribution parameters except for triangular ones must be modified i e after clicking a Check Set Verify parameters button Operating method The User should fill the edit boxes with the required data complying with the corresponding constraints failing this the violating edit box is shaded in red and the violated constraint is written in bold Once every edit box has been properly filled the User can get back to the calling window by means of the OK button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation The form is not used in deterministic calculation Additional details By default all the values of the distribution must be positive however for the distributions listed below this constraint does not apply in any case the standard deviation must be non 37 62 SR E AUS 43
38. or than the selected one When the schedule definition is complete the User may pass to the next window by clicking Continue It is always possible to go back to the Country Input by means of the Back button The inserted schedule can be graphically visualized with the button Schedule which is active with the same condition as the Continue one 30 62 ADA a n Jap nd INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors E Figure 1 Construction schedule File Edit View Insert Tools Desktop Window Help AODREN TACE Sites o aaa fon renee eee eee es E 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Quarters By means of the Construction strategy file panel it is possible to handle the schedule definition using CSV files rather than the graphical interface in this way the time for the operation is decreased but it requires more skills and it is easy to cause errors For more information about CSV files in INCAS please have a look to the I O Files paragraph of this manual Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation Only for the stochastic calculation the construction duration must not be introduced as it corresponds to the default value for the selected design modified depending on the delay parameters which on the contrary must be introduced The delay duration is defined by means of a distribution which can be customized by clicking the Set Verify C
39. rogram reads and write three different file types each one with a different function MAT files The MAT file MATLAB workspace files created by INCAS contains all the variables needed to run the program without performing the User input operation Each file is characterized depending on the informations contained input only or input and output and the associated calculation type deterministic or stochastic Files created for a calculation type cannot be used for the other one and cannot be converted in any way On the contrary input files can be converted into input and output files by running the program and saving the results Files of this type cannot be created by the User without using INCAS EXC files The EXC file Microsoft Excel spreadsheet created by INCAS is a summary of the input data and of the output results It is organized according to a base format file which must be attached to the INCAS program in the same folder of the EXE file This file represents only a way to present the final results in a clear way while it cannot be used as input file CSV files The CSV format Comma Separated Values is used for the construction strategy files As defining a construction strategy by means of the GUI may be long the User can write the strategy in a CSV file by means of a spreadsheet application or a simple word processor with significant time saving On the other hand the file must follow strict s
40. signs select reactor from list box to check reactor specific data set The user may define new reactor types Check reactor specific data set EPR like IRIS LR Nuscale like Define new reactor type mPower like Delete reactor type Aim This User interface is the first window of the new scenario definition procedure The User is presented with a default reactor library different depending on the calculation type which may be changed by changing data of a reactor already included in the library e adding a new reactor to the library e deleting a reactor from the library Operating method The list on the left side shows the reactors in the library and can be used to select the reactor to take into consideration The features of this reactor can be displayed and modified by the 16 62 Sst ae INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors button Check reactor specific data set which loads a Reactor data set window Otherwise the reactor can be erased from the library with the button Delete reactor type It is also possible to define new reactors types from scratch with the button Define new reactor type which opens an empty Reactor data set window When the reactor library definition is complete the User may pass to the next window by clicking Continue provided that the library is not completely empty Differences between deter
41. st of debt and equity parameters must be defined in a separate window accessible with the Set data button The window must be visited at least once the yellow background indicates that this requirement has not been fulfilled yet before continuing to the next form Once every edit box has been properly filled the User can pass to the following input window Country Input by clicking Continue It is always possible to go back to the Reactor library by means of the Back button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation Only for the stochastic calculation some data are substituted with distributions The distribution parameters can be set by clicking the Set Verify Check parameters button a Distribution parameters window will open after selecting the distribution type from the 23 62 Xu 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors menu At start each distribution button caption is Set parameters and it has a yellow background colour similarly right after changing the distribution choice the caption becomes Verify parameters and the background colour is yellow Once the buttons have been clicked the caption becomes Check parameters The User can finalize the operation only after each distribution has been set verified and the edit boxes are all filled Additional details As the parameters of a triangular distribution are not compatible with t
42. t the program properly Using other methods for closing the window such as the close button in the menu bar will provoke the appearance of a warning box asking for quit confirmation Bl Quit INCAS program Nevertheless also quitting by means of the proper QUIT button will require a confirmation by the User Bl Quit INCAS program Unsaved data will be lost Are you sure you want to quit mur The INCAS program automatically quit once the calculation is finished 12 62 dee INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP 13 62 N INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors NUCLEAR REACTORS GROUP Main menu Window display At program launch Screenshot INCAS Small medium size reactors Proprietary of Politecnico di Milano Department of Energy Nuclear Reactors Group Version 2 0 b0 October 2012 Selected file information Calculation type DETERMINISTIC Data type INPUT ONLY New DETERMINISTIC scenario New STOCHASTIC scenario LEGAL DISCLAIMER The use of the INCAS software is allowed and is ruled by the Collaboration Agreement with Politecnico di Milano INCAS is in its Beta phase and that Politecnico di Milano assumes no liability for any damages of any kind directly or indirectly derived or arising from the correct or incorrect usage of INCAS or arising from the presenc
43. the quarter according to the formula X Cstart Cdur reneg ceil n The file loading cannot change neither the number of reactors nor the number of sites in addition the reactor types must be previously declared Delay and D amp D parameters validity are not checked so the User must be sure that the inserted data are valid for this reason the User is asked for a confirmation before proceeding with the data import In case of errors in these data the execution continues but errors may occur As the parameters of a triangular distribution are not compatible with the ones of the other distributions when changing the menu selection from or to triangular distribution the parameters for that distribution are deleted When the Back button is clicked the inserted data are kept 32 62 Ags Cea Se 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Decommissioning strategy Window display Accessible from Construction Schedule stochastic calculation only Screenshot E Decommissioning strategy DECOMMISSIONING STRATEGY Rate of return applied on D amp D fund 96 real Start of D amp D operation years Delay from end of plant s operating life All the values must be positive OK Aim The User interface allows changing the decommissioning strategy for the selected reactor Operating method The User should fill the edit boxes with the required
44. tment Input by means of the Back button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation Only for the stochastic calculation some data are substituted with distributions The distribution parameters can be set by clicking the Set Verify Check parameters button a Distribution parameters window will open after selecting the distribution type from the 27 62 rs r Nzi Jap 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors menu At start each distribution button caption is Set parameters and it has a yellow background colour similarly right after changing the distribution choice the caption becomes Verify parameters and the background colour is yellow Once the buttons have been clicked the caption becomes Check parameters The User can finalize the operation only after each distribution has been set verified and the edit boxes are all filled The default distribution parameters for the first part of the form can be restored with the RESET button Only for stochastic calculation it is possible to produce a possible electricity price evolution based on the inserted distribution parameters by using the button Example price time series Additional details As the parameters of a triangular distribution are not compatible with the ones of the other distributions when changing the distribution selection from or to triangular one the parameters for that distr
45. used for the other calculation type After clicking on the last button the User is asked to choose a MAT file previously created with INCAS to load Then a panel reporting the calculation type associated with the file which cannot be changed in any way and the information contained in it input scenario or input amp output is shown The panel contains 4 buttons which may be or not enabled depending on the data type e Run as it is closes the current window and starts the calculation based on the loaded file without any change in the scenario Modify amp run closes the current window and open the next one Reactor library in order to modify the loaded data Show results for input amp output files only closes the current window and shows the output results contained in the file without running again the calculation Create Excel for input amp output files only closes the current window and creates and Excel file with the output results contained in the file without running again the calculation Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation None 15 62 ARO Tas in ae 43 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Reactor library Window display After Main menu Back from Investment Input Going back to the Basic Input from Input Finalization Screenshot E Reactor Library Reactor library includes the following de
46. value they must be positive otherwise the violating edit box is shaded in red and the User cannot get back to the Construction schedule window by means of the OK button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation The form is not used in deterministic calculation 33 62 ARO Tas in ae 43 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Number of simulations Window display After Construction Schedule stochastic calculation only Screenshot E Number of simulations Number of simulations Aim The User interface allows inserting the number of simulations to be performed Operating method The User should fill the edit box with the required data it must be positive otherwise the box is shaded in red Once the edit box has been properly filled the User can pass to the following input window Input Finalization by clicking Continue It is always possible to go back to the Construction Schedule by means of the Back button Differences between deterministic and stochastic calculation The form is not used in deterministic calculation 34 62 p F 2 A AUS dl INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Input Finalization Window display After Construction Schedule for deterministic calculation After Number of simulation for stochastic calculation After Iterative calculation
47. yntax rules listed at the end of this section and it is much easier making errors The program can also create a CSV file starting from an existing construction strategy the so created file can be useful to perform massive changes and to make oneself familiar with this alternative input way Syntax rules e One line corresponds to a single reactor e The values in a line must be separated by the semicolon The number of reactors must be the one declared in Investment Input window see later e The reactor type must be expressed as a number representing the place in the reactor library e This order in the values must be followed For deterministic calculation reactor type site number construction start construction duration 10 62 3 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors e For stochastic calculation reactor type site number construction start delay distribution parameters 6 values distribution type mean mode st deviation lower cut minimum maximum higher cut D amp D parameters 2 values rate of return D amp D operation start e Comment lines can be included by starting the line with a double slash 11 62 Sar 163 INCAS INtegrated model for the Competitiveness Assessment of Small medium modular reactors Quitting program On each primary input window of the INCAS program there is a QUIT buttons which is the only way to qui
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