Density.m4l.v2 user manual
Contents
1. detune factor value 1 original pitch value 0 5 octave down 2 octave up keyboard button small button in the middle of pitch control show a chromatic keyboard for the chromatic pitch transposition Middle C 60 MIDI note is unchanged pitch rnd_pitch dial random range deviation in semitones scanning Slider playback scanning ratio value 1 original time value 0 5 half tempo time stretching 2 twice tempo time compressing 0 freezes playback at the current location negative values rate backwards play freeze button small button in the middle of scanning control switch between the value O freezes and the last control value jitter dial randomly moves the time pointer around the current value Scanning or scrubbing the value is expressed in milliseconds pan distance Q Gs kA volume slider grains amplitude in decibel pan dial left right grains distributions on the stereo front only pan manually distance slider stereo field width panningmode tab select between pan manually jittering random Ifo low frequency modulation beat Hz toggle only Ifo toggle between beat Hz sets the panning duration left right azimuth expressed in note ratios or frequency Hz Beat mode is synced with the Ableton Live global transport time you can change global time BPM1 from Ableton Live transport beat menu only Ifo each item switch represents the Relative Tempo expressed in note ratios2. sequence no action in random mode an snap amp __ snap_prob rand_amp Edit mode selection is done using this set of tabs view all displays all of the available data and allows you to edit the snapshots Snap mode displays and allows editing of the snap only Amp mode allows you to edit the volume of snapshot envelope Duration mode is used to change the step size of each value while Probability mode allows you to manipulate the likelihood of a snapshot Sequencer play mode men read steps in the explained way You can chose the number of the step columns and snapshots range row then fold unfold lets you chose to display all possible snapshots or only a specific set of snapshots Some kinds of transformations are available their names are auto explicative Through the four arrow keys at the bottom up and down snap number or left and right in time you can shift the entire sequence on curent p2 a 500s p 10 0ms s 100 r 500s port 432 ms transport link Snapshots Sequencer is an ADSR Attack Decay Sustain Release every step envelops the streams or main amplitude audio signal You can define a Attack Decay time and Sustain percentage at last Release time When Sequencer is turned off audio signals streams or main pass through normally 27 e Note and Tick Value Here is a listing of the note and tick values associated with common note durations Note value abbreviations t
3. you can change BPM Beat per minute from the Ableton Live transport N B you need activate the Ableton Live transport master clock panning rotate frequency slider when selected Ifo set the panning azimuth in Hz you can chose among five shapes sine triangle saw random and pencil by selecting pencil you can draw inside pan shapes window your custom curve 1 Beats per minute BPM is a unit typically used as a measure of tempo in music The BPM tempo of a piece of music is conventionally shown in its score as a metronome mark as illustrated to the right This indicates that there should be 120 crotchet beats quarter notes per minute In simple time signatures it is conventional to show the tempo in terms of the note duration on the bottom So a 4 4 would show a crotchet or quarter note as above while a 2 2 would show a minim or half note In compound time signatures the beat consists of three note durations so there are 3 quavers eighth notes per beat in a 6 8 time signature so a dotted form of the next note duration up is used The most common compound signatures 6 8 9 8 and 12 8 therefore use a dotted crotchet dotted quarter note to indicate their BPM Wikipedia 10 All the granular parameters have a prefixed values range Some of them have an additional feature you can divide or multiply the parameters output in order to extend range The rescaled value it will be passed to granulator engine but on d
4. B When you open storage window a message box will be displayed O snapshots all GUI widgets must be stopped transitions HV_pads etc Do you want continue this is to avoid an overhead of CPU when displaying storage window e transition curve All transition by defaults are linearly interpolation You can superimpose your interpolation curve at one or more subscribed widgets Four draw functions are available from toolbar or menu bar Open one of them and draw your curve This feature is saved on Density m4l device Draw a shape on the function window 0 OO tab1 24 In order to maps one or more subscribed clients with one of four functions draw you need open clients window and select table from pop up menu over interp header Now you must digit the table name that can be tab1 tab2 tab3 or tab4 an Client Objects stream L snaps Name _ Priority interp Data backward 0 threshold 0 50 0 density 0 table gt tab1 i distance 0 exponential c gt 2 00 0 590551 jitter 0 exponential c gt 0 50 648 818909 length 0 inverted thres gt 0 00 63 960632 O pan 0 linear s 192 O pitch 0 linear lt 9 543307 rnd_dens 0 table gt tab1 33 rnd_len 0 table gt tab1 15 748032 O rnd_pitch 0 linear lt 0 O scann 0 linear s fa scrub 0 table gt tab2 141 732285 in the above example we employ e tab1 like transition curve for density rnd_density rnd_length e tab2 like tran
5. colors used for selected grain length waveform The default is non inverted ATLACK vecay Sustain merease I C20 Cabo m Con o v Eto me bipolar v nothing v mils wrap men most right red frame set out of range fold wrap none default is wrap When the time pointer index scrub o auto scanning exceed the wavePad length i e wavePad length grain length the value is either wrapped or folded e fold higher indexes are folded back into this range i e values greater than one are reduced by one plus the amount that they exceed one e wrap higher indexes are wrapped around on the wavePad i e indexes greater than one starting from first wavePad index grater than two starting from second etc e loop similar to wrap buffer position playback is wrapped This is a bufGranul method use it carefully experimental e none no wrap fold out of range indexes bipolar menu switch to unipolar bipolar view mode unipolar mode shows values between 0 1 while in bipolar shows values between 1 1 e WavePad Snap You can set the WavePad snap mode selection range Snap causes the start and end points of the selection to automatically move to specific points in the buffer defined by the snap mode nothing disables snap to allow free selection This is the default grid specifies that the selection start and end points grain length should snap to the vertical grid lines zerocrossing zerocrossin
6. device Fx e system requirement Macintosh Density m4l requires a Mac PPC or Intel machine running OS X 10 4 or later and 1 GB RAM Windows Density m4l requires a Windows XP Vista 7 machine and 1 GB RAM Density m4l requires Live 8 2 2 and Max For Live Details about Max For Live can be found at Ableton com This bundle will only work in Ableton Live not in the MaxMSP application Max for Live puts the power and potential of Max MSP inside Live Create all the instruments effects and extensions you ve ever wanted Go beyond the common and predictable and transcend the limits that conventional tools impose Build completely unique synths and effects create algorithmic composition tools or fuse Live and controller hardware into radical new music machines Join a society of makers and share ingenuity Max for Live was co developed by Ableton Live and Cycling 74 Density m4l uses QuickTime in order to read correctly media files including MP3 therefore QuickTime must be installed on your system On Windows we recommend a complete installation of QuickTime choosing all optional components e installation Macintosh Windows e Buy and download Density m4l zip Fx and Instrument Bundle e Double click to unzip e Drop to copy folder in Ableton Live Library Live Devices Instrument and or Fx gt E Resonators gt E Redux gt E Ping Pong Delay gt Gj Overdrive gt E Multiband Dynamics gt 0 Toots gt C Ptuggo gt
7. for curve lookup tab1 tab2 tab3 or tab4 Presets recalled will recall data between the two specified presets along the curve described in the table Tables are assumed to contain values between 0 and 100 representing the new fade amount 100 If the lookup fade amount does not fall exactly onto a table specified value linear interpolation is used to determine the new fade amount In Density m4l you have four draw functions to draw your curve see transition curve below 23 ANA Storage Slots streamSsnaps Name 2 3 4 99 de 100 GU pitch 21 732 24 24 0 24 volume 6 8 6 0002 6 6 0002 pan 0 0 0 0 0 rnd_pitch 0 0 0 0 0 jitter 0 025974 609 611 0 060998 2 0 scann 0 042838 0 042734 0 042838 1 0 042838 distance 1 1 1 0 5 1 pan freq 1 0002 1 1 0002 1 1 0002 rnd dens 13 3860 13 3845 13 3860 33 13 3880 rnd_len 14 9608 14 9592 14 9608 33 14 9608 density 6 987041 31 111677 659 645 100 173 042 length 868 072 269 918 190 387 85 206 983 scrub 18453 9 5536 54 19172 9 0 24547 6 7 AR The storage window displays any stored presets The active recalled preset is displayed in highlight green If any client value is changed are displayed in italics Eventually both of these windows will be configurable and editable so that they can provide display and editing control for clients and storage sets N
8. is enabled every time you start LIVE capture the write index continues from where it was last stopped If disabled the capture starts from beginning Append is enabled by default 17 Windowing e general The windowing module generate some classics envelopes and prototypes used for smoothing the grain amplitude The currently selected window it will be employed for the grain envelope during granulation You can deforming some envelopes shapes like gauss curve or additive draw a new shape freehand or through draw prototype Also you can load an audio file from disk until 6 audio files Aiff Wav or Mp3 supported Almost all Windowing WavePad functions are identical to Granular Streams WavePad See WavePad WavePad display WavePad Snap WavePad mouse for more details Unlike Granular Streams WavePad the Windowing WavePad buffer management have two additional functions e reset shape When you select from menu the first of them current envelope or shape will be restored at the original shape When you select reset all shapes all prototypes and envelopes they will be restored at the original shape resetshape and resetallshapes they work on the sixteen envelopes prototypes restoring originals shape While clear work either on the sixteen envelopes prototypes either on the six sound files slots writing O in the all buffer samples Windowing have an important parameter that allow you to chose BEE a size in samples for prototyp
9. scrub slider choosing a scanning mode Scanning method reflects causes a reflection when the cursor reaches the edge jitter outputting random numbers within a moving specified range around current scrub mouse position drunk will perform a drunk walk creating unpredictable paths spiral centripetal centrifugal or palindrome with phase deformation parameter The jitter step size number box 8 it will be showed only when jitter is selected This parameter sets the random amount of jittering around of the mouse position during scrub pad Automatic exploration in reflects jitter and drunk you can interact with the pad The values of mouse and direction will be the new coordinates of scanning Instead in spiral you cannot interact with pad X Y time The X Y indexes scanning ratio depends by the frequency X Y axes These are controlled by the two sliders showing value in seconds i e time 1 frequency 350s l You can set scanning time for the two axis 2D XY For example 3 50 sec for the X axe it means that horizontal slider scrub it take 3 50 sec to pass from left edge to right edge of the pad Y 5 00 sec X Y parameters they assumes different means according to selected scanning mode in reflects is expressed in time is the time it takes to move from X left right and Y up down in drunk is expressed in time is the deviation amount rnd X and rnd Y in spiral X is the time for each sub spiral Y
10. C M4t pilot y P Densitymat Pulsaret m4i_instr_devel Density m4t instr Density m4i Fx 5 e copyright This program is copyright shareware and it is not freeware You can download the unregistered version of the program and give it to your friends or to any other person as long as for no charge This program cannot be distributed in shareware compilations CDs without prior written approval from the author No responsibility is taken for any damage or losses caused by this package All program trademarks belongs to its respective author e purchase a license e Purchase the license software from Kagi http store kagi com 6FHML_LIVE amp lang en e you will receive an email with your download link and login data e unzip file e Open Ableton Live browse Live Devices and copy folder or devices files in Live library e Density m4l behave like a normal Ableton Live Device e update to v 2 Density m4l UPDATE is free For more details contact apeSoft ape kagi com e background The first official release of Density 2001 developed in Csound language and based on Eugenio Giordani s GSC4 Granular Synthesis for Csound GSC4 was the first patch for granular synthesis on Csound implementing Barry Truax model Density m4l can generate thousands of grains dynamically preferred this way rather than a fixed number of voices oscillators The overlapping factor grains depends only on the actual CPU power Thus you
11. Density m4l Ableton Live Instrument and Fx granular synthesis devices user manual v 2 0 6 www densitygs com apeSoft 2011 MAXFORLIVE Tre ableton 2 Starting e overview e system requirement e installation e copyright e purchase a license e update to v 2 e background e GUI layout e Quick access Granular streams e parameters e settings e WavePad WavePad management e WavePad display e WavePad Snap e WavePad mouse e WavePad scrub e LIVE granulation Windowing general e shape select e draw e additive e audio slot Snapshots e store recall e micro pad e transitions snapshots manage e subscribe un subscribe transition clients e transition curve Snapshots sequencer improviser unit e beats cycle 3 e time intervals e step sequencer e output e Note and Tick Value Hyper Vectorial Pad general explanation e pad mouse behavior e X Y time e miscellaneous MIDI OS I O e header e SYNC e widget mapping Overview e save load device e status bar e info window e float window e history e acknowledgments 4 Starting e overview The two Granular Synthesis devices for Ableton Live Instrument and Fx implements respectively a sound file granulator wav aiff or mp3 and live buffer granulator The first must be loaded this on Ableton Live MIDI track the second can be loaded either on audio or MIDI tracks like a normal Ableton Live
12. a file including MP3 files into the sample memory of a wavePad and requires that QuickTime be installed on your system If you are using Density on Windows we recommend that you install QuickTime and choose a complete install of all optional components 12 load replace v load replace savetofile openbuffer crop clear lastsel zoomout load replace open a file browser to load an audio file on the selected slot aiff wave mp3 supported Also you can drop a valid file on the wave pad if it s unsupported a message will be shown savetofile export the contents of the buffer as Wav or Aif audio file openbuffer opens the WavePad buffer window or brings it to the front if it is already open The windows is resizable but not editable you can scrolling the mouse over the buffer window crop will trim the audio data to the current selection It resizes the buffer to the selection length copies the selected samples into it and displays the result at default settings The buffer is erased except for the selected range This is a destructive edit and cannot be undone clear buffer erases the contents of buffer lastsel it causes the selection start and end points to revert to their immediately previous values This is helpful when you are making fine editing adjustments with the mouse and accidentally click in the wrong place or otherwise cause the selection to change unintentionally Repeated undo commands will toggle bet
13. ad or drag a sound file in a shape slot you must employ one of the six available slots 20 Snapshots e store recall A snapshot is a photo of graphical interface GUI parameters in the current state Each snapshots module can store up to 24 snapshots You can make transitions between two or more snapshots you can subscribe or unsubscribe determinate Density m4l parameters When you find an Interesting sound you can store new snapshot just shift click on a button in the snap pad thus the preset button will light orange You can recall a snapshot by simply clicking on the snap pad buttons all the widgets subscribed see later will be restored at current snapshot value immediately Alternatively a snap can be stored from pop up menu a message box will ask you to digit a snap number in see below for more explanations e micro pad The micro pad s goal is to obtain intermediate values between four snapshots interpolation You can configure four nodes snapshots locked lowest in the image nodes the mouse can only edit the nodes position and size unlocked slider the mouse can only changes the slider location refresh highest in the image enable disable auto recall snapshots see below for more details e transitions Transitions are a linear interpolation between two snapshots with one time duration You can start a transition only from the menu recall item Is important to understand that the transition
14. ak point to remove it unipolar Y ladsr Normaliz adsr trapezoid 19 Two defaults shapes are available adsr Attack Decay Sustain Release and a trapezoid default grain envelope You can switch between unipolar bipolar automatically when you change view perspective in windowing WavePad see Granular Streams WavePad display for more explanations e additive adaitive bipoier_v nothing v compes v 18 lcadir v 100 d s12 4 00 ED 0 128 384 e additive generate a composite waveform through weighted sums of sinusoids It works similarly to Csound Gen19 Each slider in the additive pad controls a specific partial amplitude You can change the total harmonics number for the spectrum top right numbox 18 clear all amplitude contributes of spectrum bringing to 0 Toggle on auto you will enable amplitude auto rescale thus the resulting shape it will be always normalized to one N B phase and offset are normalized 0 1 The two below num box of gen button sets the fine amplitude of a specific partial You need selects a partial number 1 in the example enter the amplitude value 0 5 in the example at last click on gen to apply change e audio slot In the shape select menu after the sixteen envelopes prototypes you will see six empty slots named usershape1 usershape2 etc You can employ them to load until six audio files form disk just like Granular streams WavePad See for further details If cannot lo
15. ances to be selected by the random procedure that an interval that has a weight of 1 step sequencer When a given time interval is chosen it is used as a step rate for driving the step sequencer The step sequencer is synced to Ableton Live global transport time so the steps are played in accordance with transport tempo The snap sequencer has many editing modes that allow for modifying the snapshots content snap amp etc e output The snap sequencer outputs a list of data each time a step is triggered Each data type snap amp amp _rand is interpreted in order to recall a snapshot with additional possibilities such as random amplitude of envelope and snap recall probability 26 Up to eight time intervals can be selected The choice is performed with a random interval weight function according to a weight probability for each possible interval an interval with a weight of 2 will have twice as many chances to be selected by the random procedure that an interval that has a weight of 1 You can set general changes probability 75 in the example 0 no interval change occur as all intervals probability weight to 0 Change and no change led yes no shows if the random parts it s to change or not Random number generator fall every change interval time 2 in the example beat sequence is displayed on the right The most left reset button resets sequencer to first step in permutation mode reinit
16. bers 70 and 6 current range will be reported OSC assumes default values between 0 and 1 You can also change OSC input range For example we control gain1 through wii 1 accel roll OSC data incoming from OSCulator and Nintendo WII we rescale the range for controlling only a middle part of parameter Inv invert the I O range for the widget Most right menu I O sync off set the output mode for current widget see sync for better understand and numbox 1 00 on top right set the exponential base value default 1 linear The number is converted according to the following expression y b e a log c ex log c 35 Overview e save load device i 2 Junipolary nothing v samplesw 100 lt q 512 lt 4 1 00 Normalize Hzoom Vzoom 50 Just like an Ableton devices Density m4l device can be saved by clicking on the save button and digit a name You can load Density m4l device Instrument or Fx drag and dropping over an Ableton Live channel See Ableton Live user manual e Status bar 163 TABARRO_96khz wav 053 96000 35729 72 In the Density m4l status bar are shown sound files information and grains overlaps factor On the left we have grain overlaps factor you need enable tiny orange button Follows WavePad sampled file informations like current file name current file length in sample current file sampling rate current file length in milliseconds e info window To avoid annoying hint messages when
17. e sent only when you release the mouse button after clicking inside the WavePad up edownup causes selection start and end to be sent both when you continuous click inside the WavePad and when the mouse button is released econtinuous causes selection start and end to be sent on click none down down release and throughout the drag operation whenever the values change 8569 009766 00 00 08 569 SS SSS _ e WavePad scrub Top left we have the fine scrub and below the elapsed time display hh mm ss ms Clicking on waveform icon you will open buffer window see menu buffer management fine scrub clicking and dragging up and down on the number box with the mouse moves the displayed value up and down and outputs the new values continuously In the float number box dragging to the left of the decimal point changes the value in increments of 1 Dragging to the right of the decimal point changes the fractional part of the number in increments of 0 01 The numbers can be entered into a number box by clicking on it with the mouse and typing in a number on the computer keyboard Typing the Enter keys or clicking outside the number box Buffer window scrub mouse down button behave like scub on WavePad see above for more details N B WavePad zoom has a time zoom selection opening the buffer will display the entire contents of the buffer LIVE granulation 15 load replace ll
18. ectorial Pads see HV_Pad open sequencer improviser unit See Snapshots Sequencer 1 you can enable or disable auto recall if enabled selecting a snap from the menu it will start the transition if disabled it will be only selected 2 gsnaps will restore all Density m4l subscribed parameters at default values granular parameters and setup parameters 22 tab1 tab2 tab3 and tab4 open transition curve window see transition curve below speedlimit set update time limit for transitions and micropad nodes interpolations N B all the presets are saved in the Ableton Live project or device however you can manage individually save load snap bank for example useful for exchanging presets between the streams e subscribe un subscribe transition clients The two windows client and storage are both non interactive AOO Client Objects stream1snaps Name Priority Interp Data density 0 linear 34 324196 distance 0 linear 0 858665 jitter 0 linear 1 303557 length 0 linear gt 583 201843 pan 0 linear 0 pan freq 0 linear 1 000049 pitch 0 linear 2 437552 rnd dens 0 linear 23 702206 rnd len 0 linear 21 508684 rnd_pitch 0 linear 0 scann 0 linear 0 651778 volume 0 linear 6 Y 0 scrub linear 1 client window accessible from the client window menu item see above shows the current subscriptions widgets list ever header name priority interpolation and data belo
19. eft_w EEE ee isap 2 005 lt 100 ms lt syne 1 4 w Eme E 25 0 m loop lappend UAA S IAA S La AT gt o gt JG TA A RRAN VARATA Density m4l FX captures a mono input from channel writes into a buffer The granulator engine read form the buffer you can use all granulation parameters in real time LIVE granulation involve a realtime input mono capture from ADC Analog to Digital Converter Samples are written cyclically ring buffer in the WavePad buffer All the granular parameters work also in real time for LIVE although LIVE granulation it need of a samples gap i e a delay between the writing reading indexes in order to trigger LIVE granulation The physical input channels ADC is set by the Ableton mixer see Ableton user manual for explanations teft_ Sige 200s Jl 100 ms lt Eve 1a z E E250 m loop lappend From left to right we have input channel select and gain in dB you can monitoring the input level and rescale the input amplitude signal you can also select left or right channel from input men ADC Analogic to Digital Converter Live granulation is mono you can also mix both channels l r merge buffer length 2 00 s in milliseconds for LIVE buffer In the example we allocated a buffer that contains 1 450 milliseconds Turning on LIVE rec you will see on the WavePad two indexes red is writer index while read is scrub index gray If scanning is 1 the two pointers will move at c
20. es or envelope shape You can also resize buffer dynamically entering a new value expressed in samples 512 default Ni se Hzoom N B when you resize a shape you will reset original default shape e shape select There are 16 pre generated shapes rectangle blackman curve gauss hamming hanning draw sine cosine OO N 0 Ui e o wN oa O triangle saw square lt lt ak ok N gt sigmoid Sin x x _ K 18 15 random 16 additive Some of them have additional controls parameters bold Selecting one of them their additional parameters will be shown curve show three box number on the top top right 150 ms we have deformation update rate in milliseconds Since these parameters work in real time you can set a speed limit time to avoid cpu overhead The other two parameters 1 00 and 0 72 sets middle border curve deformation Linke curve gauss show on the top the speed limit update rate and only a Gaussian standard deviation parameter draw unipolar y samples v done Normalize Hzoom Vzoom 50 E In Density m4l the grain envelope shape default is draw bold italic when selected appear yellow button draw done This allows you to superimpose at the WavePad a function break points where you can track the envelope segments You can add new break points by clicking on the function superimposed pad or shift click on a specific bre
21. g instead of snapping the selection to a uniform grid this mode searches for zero crossings of the buffer data The seconds menu from the top millisec sets the unit of time measurement used by the display a Uithtltiedem milliseconds sets the display unit to milliseconds eSamples causes time values to be shown as sample positions in the target buffer The first sample is numbered 0 unless the display has been shifted by the offset samples mm message phase 7 ephase causes time to be displayed according to phase within the buffer npm normalized so that the O refers to the first sample and 1 refers to the last N B 14 grid values for phase must be normalized 0 1 see later e bpm specifies beats per minute as the time reference unit relative to a master tempo and number of beats per bar both of which you can set with the bpom message hos doms CRE The numbox 3 00 specifies spacing of the grid lines ilgria v mimis wf 3 00 for current unit of time measurement used by the display N B grid values for phase must be normalized 0 1 e WavePad mouse The way that the WavePad responds to mouse clicking and mouse dragging varies according to enone selection start and end values are not sent in response to mouse lu v activity edown causes the current selection start and end values to be sent only when you click inside the WavePad eup causes selection start and end to b
22. hape correctly e windowing draw refined gui save reload correctly the windowing shape e reseall now does not clear all snapshots some bugs fixed 0 0 features instrument and fx Ableton Live devices integration e dynamic wave pad scrub e wrap around selection e crop normalize draw etc grid quantize zero crossing bpm phase and samples fine scanning explorations envelope windowing menage up to 12 pre generated shape prototypes envelope windowing loading and menage one sound files aiff wav mp3 instrument save sound file loaded in device preset dynamic envelope buffer load save normalize crop resize length etc snapshots presets memory up to 24 fast buttons snapshots store recall e clients manage include exclude widgets from transitions e micro pad interpolating between four snapshots e HV_pad i e hyper vectorial pad 9 snapshots pad 4 pad near and auto explorer spiral dunk reflects engine Snapshots sequencer rhythms improviser unit snapshots list e Ableton Tempo synchronize triggers shorts key fully managing save load hot swap as a normal Ableton Device drag and drop support stream windowing wave pads audio files panning rotation manual cycle random 38 e acknowledgments would like to thanks Eugenio Giordani and Nicola Casetta a special thanks to Renato Alberti Felix Petrescu and Pasquale Ascione Density m4l Max external
23. hat can be used in Density m4l to specify time are in bold 128n One hundred twenty eighth note 15 ticks 64n Sixty fourth note 30 ticks 64nd Dotted sixty fourth note 45 ticks 32nt thirty second note triplet 40 ticks 32n thirty second note 60 ticks 32nd Dotted thirty second note 90 ticks 16nt Sixteenth note triplet 80 ticks 16n Sixteenth note 120 ticks 16nd Dotted sixteenth note 180 ticks 8nt Eighth note triplet 160 ticks 8n Eighth note 240 ticks 8nd Dotted eighth note 360 ticks 4nt Quarter note triplet 320 ticks 4n Quarter note 480 ticks 4nd Dotted quarter note 720 ticks 2nt Half note triplet 640 ticks 2n Half note 960 ticks 2nd Dotted half note 1440 ticks 1nt Whole note triplet 1280 ticks 1n Whole note 1920 ticks In Density m4l you can find also this formula of value 28 Hyper Vectorial Pad general explanation S Y mF w FIV eer Ee ee i aria HV_pad i e Hyper Vector Pad is 2D parameter interpolation user interface Displays nodes in a 2 dimensional space and calculates the distance from a pointThe distance factor determine the weight between snapshots interpolation Like for snapshots module we have ten HV_Pad grouped in a unique window You can open HV_Pad window from the tool bar button 1 See VMCI Virtual Midi Control Interface http Awww csounds com maldonado thanks Gabriel Maldonado 29 HV_Pad exte
24. have not limits in grains number for second density Below an easy granulation model grano interrupt ims aig segnale Transfer aud Sianal irouah global d SHES SS SAS SSSSSSSHSHESHESA SS SSSSHRHSHSHESEEE SESS SSRHRHHEEEE ESSERE ERR HHHEEER ERR RRR eee DensityGSC Csound version is still available for free at www alessandro petrolati it densitygsc html it works on Windows XP but not in Windows Vista it seems magically resurrected with Windows DensityGSC is a discontinued product New Density m4l is completely rewritten in Max Msp 5 available for both Macintosh and Windows standalone applications and M4L Max For Ableton Live devices More stable flexible improved audio quality restyling GUI look Graphic User Interface with native effects Hv_pads FiltersEQ Snapshots Sequencers improviser unit etc e GUI layout The most important Density m4l parameters are placed inside of only one window Density m4I GUI Graphic User Interface is divided in two parts WavePad Granular parameters Snapshots presets from left to right and WINDOWING MODULE most right Many controls are accessible via pop up menu WINDOWING generate and edit waves prototypes shapes employed for envelope granulation Density m4l Instrument Density m4i_instr CE Alek Deny Gusin Feisese 7 5 draw __ unipolar v nothing _w samples v done 1 Coo mE do m en 0 Noss RE store new F load
25. ir w 1 00 lt j 512 lt 100 6 EA 64 limiter Ginste c3 v wrap _w bipotar v nothing mitlis w 100 conti x 200s lt loadireplace w wrap 1 1 1 347 ms 124Hz 7 st Density m4l Fx Density m4i Fx 2 0 6 e oo Sexton cone DETREI 700 denen piion mijen md gene vous anap_t vE Timm C00 m Oozs Na Cdo me UROL ctore new JP loear v 000 d s12 100 6 DE E lt inter ine C3 v wrap v bipolar w nothingw milis v 1 00 conti v Ak ek D E pen ition rmd_pitch bd 7 4 1 ost DMT wer aron gt v 3 4 lT aa Granular parameters 33 0 6 0 dB Snapshots presets Windowing module e Quick access You can quickly open From left to right Snapshots sequencer improviser unit eHyper Vectorial Pads OSC I O mapping About 8 Granular Streams e parameters In this section we will examine the Granular Synthesis parameters Please refer to web for more explanations about granular synthesis You can interact with Density m4I parameters on the GUI Graphic User Interface in the follows ways 1 Click and drag scroll on vertical sliders or dials to change the value see mousing mode for more details 2 Holding down the Command key Macintosh or the Control key Windows while mouse scroll for precise value control 3 Select a widget clicking on the name and use keyboard up down arrows 4 Drag up down the display
26. is the total duration until reach all pad area 31 The spiral mode will enable two related parameters centripetal moves from outside to inside when it reaches the limit again repeat centrifugal does the opposite palindrome is a combination of both The spiral phase deformation number box 0 25 0 no spiral 0 25 circular gt 0 25 crushed gt 0 5 clockwise rotation e miscellaneous Auto exploration is possible only when the Ableton Live transport is enabled see Ableton Live user manual on off toggle auto exploration according to selected mode The red circled number box sets the interpolation update time in milliseconds this is a speed limit to avoid an overhead of cpu with complex interpolations be careful with short times 32 OSC I O e header Open OSC I O from quick access buttons you can configure the OSC Open Sound Control protocol through the header AOC MIDI OSC 1 0 Input 3009 wii A button m Output 1974 localhost 127 0 0 1 prefixiD o OSC 1 Dispatch messages through an OpenSound Control address hierarchy with pattern matching Values are serialized and sent over the network as OSC compatible UDP Input port 3009 set input port to send messages to at host Output port 1974 set output port to send messages Green left buttons enable disable respective OSC I O Very important default values for I O ports 30 09 1974 are the author birthday date We need also config
27. isplay you will see old prefixed widget range settings Streams setup TUT AM A See oS ea I 00 m 5 n 00 00 00 000 a Through the keyboard you can active de active granular streams polyphonically you can also set the ADSR attack decay sustain release event envelope You can either use the MIDI message note on off to trigger streams remotely From left to right number box 6 in the image sets general Synth polyphony i toggle enable disable linear interpolation for sample and envelope oscillators left arrow set the granulator to read samples backward you cannot confuse it with a negative scanning ratio value This setup parameter set directions reading samples inside of the grain therefore you can have a normal time scanning with an inverse grain time The number box 64 in the image change the grains overlapping factor maximum numbers of simultaneous voices Default is 64 the max value allowed is 512 limiter enable disable the peak limiter which allows for the specified control of signal amplitude all note off turn off all playing notes by sending a message to each instance with a playing note The message consists of the MIDI pitch most recently received via the keyboard note or midinote message 11 followed by a 0 meaning zero velocity or note off C3 menu is the keyboard octave transposition C3 key is gray emphasized e WavePad WavePad is the audio buffer used to
28. k new dialog box windows does not stop audio new tool bar quick functions access e new HV_pad 2D nodes parameters interpolation e add HV_pad jitter exploration add HV_pad in reflects jitter and drunk now you can interact with the pad HV_pad on off monitor bar in main HV_Pad window new Parameters rescale multiply divide 4 2 x2 x3 x4 panning now update correctly value when you select manual 37 panning removed auto update knob when automatic or random snap seq add global transport enable disable trigger FILTER add filters types select FILTER add cutoff gain and Q S fine controller FILTER dry wet knob e FILTER dynamic filter allocation until 24 FILTER auto generate filter bands Harmonic Geometric Scalar and Fibonacci FILTER frequency zoom in out New detailed user manual online e WAVEPAD new scan mode wrap mirror once WAVEPAD new out of range mode loop WAVEPAD out of range mode none now can be disabled WAVEPAD SR Size Rescale bug fixed now you can load and play correctly any sound file e SNAP SEQ step jump bug fixed e SNAP SEQ add portamento transition SNAP SEQ some gui adjustments o_ 1 5 features add windowing multi files samples support until 6 add additive multisliders csound gen10 like additive mutisliders transitions save presets in the device snapshots clear when init device bug fixed e windowing draw defaults all now reset s
29. load the audio file You can load an audio file from pop up menu load replace item or dragging a sound file directly on the pad Supported audio files WAV Next Sun AIFF MP3 file informations will be displayed on status bar below the WavePad 16 3 Til riley 1096 Of 144 01 V2 Ul B load replace wrap Normalize 0 00 Hzoom Vzoom 50 Canto 8 wav 44100 9810 66 De wire On the right side of the WavePad you can choose the type of action select loop move and draw The tools select from the top and loop allows you to scroll the buffer manually scrubbing and settings grain length If automatic scanning parameter is at work unfrozen ratio 0 clicking and scrubbing on the WavePad will disable temporally automatic scanning as soon as you press mouse down button The automatic playback scanning it will be resumed at the current position when you release mouse up button loop second from the top unlike to select controlling also the grain length Drag it horizontally for time scrubbing and vertically for grain length move hand allows you to select a part zoom of loaded audio file N B the selected part it will be employed for current granulation Automatic scanning will read cyclically loop wraparound the current selection draw pencil allows you to draw directly on the pad e WavePad management load replace Y wrap vw from left to right 1 Density uses QuickTime to convert a medi
30. nds the functions of micro pad interpolating until 24 snapshots together thus you can modify hundreds of parameters with a single mouse motion according to a structure configured by the user This control method is called Hyper Vectorial Synthesis Control Normally the user interacts with these areas with the mouse or through self scanning exploration however a remote MIDI control is possible by assigning the X Y pointers see Ableton Live user manual 4 In the image below from number box red circle you can sets automatic v 9 lt f 50 0ms 4 the number of nodes you can set a specific configuration system nodes by clicking and dragging center of node to move it or Option Key alt to change node size x N B The nodes are numbered progressively therefore each node on the pad must be corresponds by a stored preset snapshot If you employ an empty snapshot the interpolation between them will not work properly Also you cannot disabling completely the nodes node area 0 to avoid fall in the same problem e pad mouse behavior 30 The pop up menu allow you to chose mouse behavior eAutomatic allows the mouse to change the nodes position size and slider pad scrub Nodes the mouse can only edit the nodes position and size alt mouse scroll to change node size click and drags on the node number to move it eSlider the mouse can only changes the slider location pad scrub You can automatize HV_pads
31. nging to subscribed widgets A few types of interpolation can be changed off no interpolation linear Linear interpolation Presets recalled will be interpolated using a standard linear algorithm threshold Threshold Takes optional argument float which sets the threshold Presets recalled will recall data from the first preset specified when the fade amount is below the threshold and will recall data from the second preset specified when the fade amount is greater than or equal to the threshold e g threshold fade lt thresh value a fade gt thresh value b inverted threshold Inverse threshold Takes optional argument float which sets the threshold Presets recalled will recall data from the first preset specified when the fade amount is greater than or equal to the threshold and will recall data from the second preset specified when the fade amount is less than the threshold e g inverted thresh fade lt thresh value b fade gt thresh value a exponential curve Power curve Takes an additional argument float which sets the exponent to which the fade amount will be raised Presets recalled will recall data between the two specified presets along the curve described Power curves can be used to create faster or slower attacks and decays for the fade envelope table Table specified curve Takes optional additional argument see transition curve below which specifies the name of a table to use
32. ntendo Wiimote can talk to major MIDI sequencers or your favorite console emulator or even the Kyma sound design workstation And your iPad iPhone iPod Touch or Lemur can do just the same with great ease of use htto Avwww osculator net 33 OSC out mode for all widgets 150 ms_ off az io eoff no OSC outs data eon send OSC data continuously N B this overwrite all settings of prefixiD the widgets Every time you move a Density m4l parameter on the GUI or when a transition sequencer HV_pad is at work sync values are sent To avoid an overhead of outputs data through the number box 150 ms you can change MIDI OSC output update rate in milliseconds For instance during the snapshots transitions you should limiting sync data in order to preserve a normal cpu overhead OSC out update rate expressed in milliseconds set the speed limit OSC output data e widget mapping We have two widgets mapping kinds 1 Cc_raw 2 Cc_scale Cc_raw is addressed to mapping Density m4l buttons toggle parameters Cc_raw read write OSC returning integer values between 0 and 127 Learn function waits to feel an OSC address when it happens the the control is set up on the OSC path address Now you can controlling Density m4l parameter via OSC Of course you can manually change OSC address Toggle to learn and send an OSC data in order to assign incoming OSC address In the example the OSC play stop address are assigned to play st
33. occurs from the current parameters positions toward the selected snapshot actual GUI widgets positions gt gt gt toward selected snapshot time duration 21 You can change the transition time 2 00 sec in above image The transitions can occur simultaneously on the streams and or on the main If auto recall see above is enabled selecting from the menu a snapshot slot to start the transition e snapshots manage store new store snap number clear clear all renumber recall pause resume stop reinit parameters save to disk load from disk client window storage window tabi tab2 store new snapshot using the next empty preset slot store snap number enter a number or a list separated by space to store clear current selected snapshot clear all snapshot a message box will ask you to confirm renumber sort all snapshots stored into consecutive beginning with 1 recall start a transition toward current snap number pause resume current transition if occur stop transition cancel current transition if occur reinit parameters resets subscribed parameters at default value only for the current streams or main save to disk current snapshots bank load from disk current snapshots bank client window open clients list to subscribe unsubscribe setting interpolation type and more storage window open storage window displays any stored presets open HV_PADS Hyper V
34. onstant speed The time distance that separates them is delay gap you can change delay gap from numbox 100 ms default write read settings a new delay time in milliseconds between the write read indexes i e the granulation secondary buffer If link is enabled when you trigger a keyboard event the LIVE rec is automatically turned on Normalize 0 09 16 The synchronism between the two indexes write read can be done manually scrolling reading index on the WavePad clicking sync button or in automatic enabling sync yellow toggle sync toggle correlates write read indexes Read index it will be pulled by the write The time of synchronization is expressed in BPM each item of beat menu only Ifo represents the Relative Tempo expressed in note ratios you can change BPM Beat per minute from the Ableton Live global transport N B you need activate Ableton Live transport see Ableton manual for futher details on e reset from left restore write in whole WavePad zooming out view If loop is disabled it will trigger one shot buffer write fade in out 25 0 ms in milliseconds you can set a fade in out to avoid clicks every time you turn on off the capture LIVE If loop write mode is enabled when write index reaches the wavePad right limit write index wrap around of the WavePad if disabled capture will be stopped when write index reaches the end of WavePad Loop is enabled by default lf append mode
35. op Density m4l parameter if sync is enabled Density m4l also is able to send OSC data It is possible change OSC path value entering a new one learn wii pry accel gt E An OSC message can be a list if you want read an element of the list you can select an OSC input item from the list default first element In the example Nintendo WII device send the accelerometer values like a three list items selecting 3 to read only third incoming I O sync pop up menu set output mode for current widget see sync for better understand The most right men toggle set the controller kind e toggle switch from 1 and 0 every time MIDI OSC I O 0 e button send 1 every time MIDI OSC input 0 e incr and decr increment or decrement regardless of direction by one step every time MIDI OSC input 0 when values 127 or 0 are reached the next value is wrapped e incr decr it counts upward until it reaches 127 then counts down until it reaches 0 then up then down and so on 34 controller mode read raw data from MIDI OSC input raw data MIDI between 0 and 127 Cc_scale extends Cc_raw functions you can choose a certain range on which rescale the parameter for example control length which is associated covers a range 70 6 76 units In the example incoming OSC data is scaled on a part of the entire parameter range by the orange horizontal selection You can also also change min max values for the parameter box num
36. s and abstractions CENTRE NATIONAL D 2006 Gmem bufGranul http www gmem org CREATION MUSICAL l All rights reserved WweiAw wea aKwe CNMAT OpenSoundControl OSC route http www cnmat berkeley edu MAX All rights reserved Density was created with Max5 http www cycling74 com The Author Alessandro Petrolati apesSoft All rights reserved 2010 2011 ape kagi com www densitygs com www alessandro petrolati it
37. sition curve for scrubb e pan pitch rnd_pitch and scann are unsubscribed from the snapshots transitions system See client window above for more explanations 25 Snapshots sequencer improviser unit s Gus A 1460 _snap sequencer SE coro ps a o s R SER ow BS eneport m sl a oo mora weigh o 2 step 8 snap 11 amp 127 prob 100 mdAmp 12 loop 1 8 reset 24 1 sm yes no current 4n coc _ Pee a4 Snapshots sequencer rhythm improviser unit i e the extended name the aim of this device is to control the snapshot sequence88 by improvising with different rhythmic pulses The sequencer shown on vertical the snapshots numbers while in horizontal steps sequence e beats cycle A metronome is synced to Ableton Live global transport time and outputs a trigger on each beat The beats are counted in what we re defining as a a cycle of lt n gt beats Cycle sub patcher Each time the cycle restarts we re choosing whether or not we want to change the current time interval This is set by using a probability factor ChangeProb sub patcher If the program decides to change the time interval a trig is sent e time intervals Since eight time intervals can be selected The choice is performed with a random function according to a weight probability for each possible interval an interval with a weight of 2 will have twice as many ch
38. ure host 127 0 0 1 output entering an IP address or hostname clicking on localhost to assign default ip value i e local host 127 0 0 1 OSC monitor show OSC I O data you can select with mouse the text string address OSC path and paste it on widget controller see below You can enter a prefix ID can be numbers and or text for the the OSC output address When an incoming OSC message is synced on a widget parameter this read and write values employing the same path address Some time is useful append an id prefix to differentiate path in order for instance to send message to another device N B OSCulator can be employed like MIDI OSC monitor beyond supplying advanced features N B All settings will be saved on the project See overview for more explanations e sync Sync system allow you synchronize software parameters with hardware devices Thus Density m4l send out through OSC ports parameters data Default sync is disabled for all widgets then no OSC data are sent You can select enable sync out for each widget controller or superimpose a common feature at all widgets see below For example you can enable sync for all widgets controllers by selecting the item from header menu Sync have five outputs mode 1 OSC is a CNMAT Max objects can be found at htto Awww cnmat berkeley edu MAX 2 OSCulator is a software that can be used with many different hardware devices and software For example with OSCulator your Ni
39. value the number box below each parameter 5 Click on the number box value enter a numeric value and press enter key 6 Send a MIDI CC or Ableton Live automation see Ableton user manual The granulation engine is updated every new generated grain the frequency of grains scattering depending from density parameter expressed in Hz grains for seconds The vertical sliders provides a deterministic values while the dials knobs provides random values Summing the two values deterministic random will be produced a value that is passed to the granulator In the follow example the pitch value deterministic is rescaled with rnd_pitch random pitch_result pitch birnd rnd_pitch pitch 2 Where birand is bipolar random generator The random range is expressed in therefore 0 it means only deterministic value 100 pitch_result can vary in the range pitch_result pitch pitch 2 rnd_pitch 5 In the example rnd_pitch green frame starting from 80 is reduced to 5 in the middle 9 With a great rnd_pitch each grain can have an high random pitch mask range Carrying rnd_pitch toward lowest values the random pitch mask is reduced until 0 which means no random pitch grain scattering length slider grain duration in milliseconds rnd_length dial random range deviation in of length density slider grain for seconds in Hz rnd_density dial random range deviation in of density pitch s ider
40. ween the last two selection states zoom out resets the entire Hzoom horizontal zoom time display Clicking Normalize to scale the sample values in the WavePad buffer 0 dB so that the highest peak matches the value of 1 Scroll number on the right to manually adjust value e g normalize 1 50 scale the sample values in the buffer so the highest peak matches the value given by the argument This can cause either amplification or attenuation of the audio but in either case every value is scaled When a sound file is loaded default value is 0 it means original wave amplitude value greater then 0 are saved and loaded in the project N B Normalized value of 0 can be interpreted like 1 original file amplitude if you have not change it before 2 normalizing at 0 value i e 0 001 amplitude gain 60 db load replace mirror wrap default turn around waveform length in auto scanning mode scann gt 0 mirror read forward backward the waveform once reads the waveform one once and turn off all notes when the end of waveforn is reached e WavePad display Clicking Hzoom to reset horizontal zoom entire time display of file 13 Clicking on Vzoom you resets vertical amplitude zoom default 50 Mouse scrolling on right number 50 to set an amplitude zoom amount N B unlike Normalize Vzoom is not a destructive amplitude rescaling but only a graphics rescale Red framed button on most top right toggles inverting the
41. you are working on the GUI Density m4l sends all hints in the Ableton Live Info window In the clue window you can read some informations about Density m4l GUI widget when the mouse is over it See Ableton Live user manual Density m4i_instr_devel load replace w 36 e float window r Have you noticed all Density m4l windows contains in a corner generally top right a tiny orange a button toggle it to set float no float window When toggle float current window will be always in front This feature is saved on project like general setup e history ver 2 0 6 april 2011 polyphonic granulation now you can play Density m4l from master keyboard polyphonically polyphonic keyboard triggers e keyboard octave transposition ADSR Attack Decay Sustain Release note envelope add limiter amplitude signal ver 2 0 5 april 2011 transport link bug fix when Hot Swap device e HV_pad save last X Y position in device Snap sequencer save last step count in device e new OSC I O support new ape Filter independent device FILTER now is an independent device FILTER improved and refined FILTER enabled for transitions new micropad 2D nodes ver 2 0 4 april 2011 Snap sequencer save last step count in device e new OSC I O support ver 2 0 2 features march 2011 transport link bug fix when Hot Swap device e HV_pad save last X Y position in device ver 2 0 march 2011 e new GUI loo
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