User Guide
Contents
1. Figure 1 1 Kit Contents Receiver Application Board Antenna Transmitter Key Fob ISP Programming Adapter For investigating further capabilities of this kit the following are optional m JTAGICE mkll for debugging m IAR Embedded Workbench AVR C compiler for changing and recompiling the source code without porting it to another compiler precompiled source code with default configuration is provided on the CDROM AIMEL STK512 User Guide VE 1 3 5170C AVR 10 09 AIMEL Ea O Section 2 Getting Started This section contains the steps required to get a simple system with a receiver and two transmitters up and running Hardware assembly initial programming of the components teaching the transmitters to the receiver and demonstrating the transmission protocol are described in the following subsections 2 1 Hardware Assembly The kit hardware must be interfaced to the STK500 Step A Assemble the STK500 Board The STK500 Board must be set up properly before mounting the STK512 Interface Board The assem bled STK500 Board is shown in Figure 2 1 Figure 2 1 STK500 Board with Ribbon Cables and Microcontroller 10 pin Jumper pe Jumper NS STK512 User Guide 2 1 5170C AVR 10 09 Getting Started 1 Carefully remove any ICs in the green SCKT3200A2 socket 2 Insert the furnished ATMega88 into the SCKT3200A2 socket Note The orientation of the red stripe in the cable is not critical in the follow2. and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice Atmel does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein Unless specifically provided otherwise Atmel products are not suitable for and shall not be used in automotive applications Atmel s products are not intended authorized or warranted for use as components in applications intended to support or sustain life 2009 Atmel Corporation All rights reserved Atmel logo and combinations thereof AVR AVR Studio STK and others are registered trademarks or trademarks of Atmel Corporation or its subsidiaries Other terms and product names may be trademarks of others 5170C AVR 10 09 xM
3. the rolling code is transparent embedded in the transmitted message to the end user of a sys tem by default the software provided in this starter kit is designed to simply demonstrate the reliable receipt of transmissions originating from the transmitter key fobs A necessary component of this secure encryption algorithm is synchronization between the transmitter and receiver To demonstrate synchronization feature a situation must be created to cause a transmitter key fob s counter to become out of sequence with the receiver s respective counter With the source code provided the window of acceptance defaults to a value of 100 That is the transmitter key fob must increment its counter 100 times above the count the receiver remembers for that transmitter key fob This can be done by moving the transmitter key fob out of range of the receiver and pressing either Switch 2 or 3 more than 100 times When the transmitter key fob is again brought within range of the receiver note that the receiver will not respond to that transmitter key fob because the counters are out of sequence more than 100 This synchronization feature is further explained in section 3 1 1 of the AVR411 Secure Rolling Code Algorithm for Wireless Link Application Note that is furnished on the CDROM To simplify demonstrating the out of sync situation the size of the rolling window of acceptance vari able can be reduced This reduces the number of times the trans
4. 511 and re apply 5V supply Receiver in permanent sleep mode because Sleep mode of all 1s selected in OPMODE register Select different polling rate and re program OPMODE register Receiver Application Board rotated 180 when mounted on the STK512 Interface Board Verify that Receiver Application Board signal test points are placed toward the DIP switches LED s on STK512 Interface Board not active Power not applied Verify that Power is supplied to the STK512 Interface Board through either the Receiver Application Board or the STK500 Board VTG jumper Corresponding DIP Switch bit s not set Set the corresponding bit s to ON on the DIP Switch for that register Bias resistor s damaged Replace the corresponding bias resistor s on the back of the STK512 Interface Board with 1 k Incorrect firmware loaded into the STK512 Interface Board where I O port of the onboard microcontroller programmed to logic high Reload the STK512 Interface Board Firmware as described in Section 2 2 Registers in the receiver do not appear to be programming Power supplied is too low Verify that the power being supplied is 5V DATA Selector switch was not set to the STK511 position when Configure button pressed Set DATA Selector switch to STK512 and re press button STK512 Interface Board firmware has become corrupted Reload the STK512 Interface Board Firmware as described in Section 2 2 R
5. 9 Getting Started 2 2 Initial Programming After setting up the hardware insert the accompanying CD into the computer s CDROM drive Note If you want to use something other than the pre compiled demonstration software and EEPROM files included on the CD there is additional programming information in Section 3 Programming Notes 1 Apply power to the STK500 by moving the power switch toward the edge of the board 2 If not already done install and or open AVR Studio 3 When the first box appears entitled Welcome to AVR Studio 4 click Cancel to program the devices doesn t require that a Project be used 4 Click on the black IC icon with AVR it is in one of the top rows of the AVR Studio screen Note When hovering over this symbol with the mouse pointer connect to the selected AVR pro grammer appears This indicates that this is the correct icon A pop up window labeled STK500 appears 5 AVR Studio is now ready to program the transmitter s and receiver 2 2 1 Programming the ATmega88 to Control the Receiver 1 Select the Program tab and then select ATmega88 from the pull down menu 2 Select the Advanced tab and then select read signature to ensure that communication with the device is functioning properly Ifthe read attempt is successful a number will show in the window If not a pop up will appear describing the failure Consult the STK500 documentation to handl
6. 9 78054 Saint Quentin en Yvelines Cedex France Tel 33 1 30 60 70 00 Atmel Japan 9F Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg 1 24 8 Shinkawa Chuo ku Tokyo 104 0033 Japan Tel 81 3 3523 3551 Fax 81 3 3523 7581 Fax 33 1 30 60 71 11 Product Contact Sales Contact www atmel com contacts Web Site Technical Support www atmel com avr atmel com Literature Requests www atmel com literature Disclaimer The information in this document is provided in connection with Atmel products No license express or implied by estoppel or otherwise to any intellectual property right is granted by this document or in connection with the sale of Atmel products EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN ATMEL S TERMS AND CONDI TIONS OF SALE LOCATED ON ATMELS WEB SITE ATMEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER AND DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS IMPLIED OR STATUTORY WARRANTY RELATING TO ITS PRODUCTS INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON INFRINGEMENT IN NO EVENT SHALL ATMEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT CONSEQUENTIAL PUNITIVE SPECIAL OR INCIDEN TAL DAMAGES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS BUSINESS INTERRUPTION OR LOSS OF INFORMATION ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS DOCUMENT EVEN IF ATMEL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES Atmel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document
7. STK512 AVR based Uni directional Radio Starter Kit Featuring Secure Rolling Code RF Transmission Encryption User Guide Note This Radio Starter Kit is not self contained It is based on an Atmel AVR STK 500 Flash Microcontroller Starter Kit that must be obtained separately AMEL 5170C AVR 10 09 AMEL EEE O Table of Contents Section 1 INFO UCNON een ee 1 1 1 17 PODOS O sinn ae sn en SEE SE en tm ne tn need nent dire ete teen 1 1 1 2 General Descriptores ire insiste en a tete int tte die late lee 1 1 1 3 Evaluation Kit Fealures un see ea 1 1 1 4 Included in the Kit 444404444444H Rnennnnnnnnennnnnnnnnennnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnennnnnsnnnnnnnn ann 1 2 Section 2 COS RSS a eg 2 1 2 1 Hardware Assembly sen 2 1 2 2 Initial Programming anne ait ehe 2 6 2 2 1 Programming the ATmega88 to Control the Receiver 2 6 2 2 2 Programming the Transmitter s 2 7 2 3 Teach the Transmitters to the Receiver nn 2 8 2 4 The Demonstrati n zu nike dine beaten eee 2 9 Section 3 Programming NOTES een 3 1 3 1 Configurations dernier near a NE aN E SE EEE 3 1 3 2 Project COMpPIlAtiOn acess runter nein 3 2 3 3 EEPROM Image Generation sisi 3 2 Section 4 Troubleshosing Gilde anne u ep eee 4 1 STK512 User Guide i 5170C AVR 10 09 AMEL EEE O Section 1 Introduction Congr
8. User Guide Getting Started 2 3 Teach the Transmitters to the Receiver 2 8 5170C AVR 10 09 In order for the rolling code to work each transmitter must convey to teach the receiver three data ele ments its unique serial number its secret key and its sequence counter value The learn mode is physically activated at the receiver during which time authorized transmitters can transmit their specific information This teaching and learning process is accomplished by the following steps For security purposes when the receiver enters the learn mode all previous data concerning transmit ters should be erased This is discussed in further detail in section 3 2 of the AVR411 Secure Rolling Code Algorithm for Wireless Link Application Note that is furnished on the CDROM This requirement has not been implemented in this starter kit in order to allow further investigation into this mode Familiarize yourself with the following instructions before beginning the teaching process Also keep your transmitter key fobs readily available The default timeout to teach a transmitter is 10 seconds before the receiver will exit the learn mode 1 Enter learn mode on the receiver by pressing the SW5 button on the STK500 The LED marked LEDS illuminates indicating that the receiver is in learn mode 2 Within 10 seconds press Switch 1 on the transmitter key fob you want the receiver to recognize Inadvertently pressing any other button or
9. age is explained in comment blocks in the files themselves and should not be altered Always keep a backup copy of the original default configuration Table 3 1 Basic Configuration Parameters Default Parameter Name Value Description KEY_BITS 128 Size ofthe AES cipher key in bits Allowed values are 128 192 and 256 bits where 256 bits is the most secure option Size in bytes of the message field containing a transmitter s serial SERIAL NG BYTES number Allowed values are 1 2 and 4 bytes COMMAND CODE BYTES 4 Size in bytes of the message field uns the requested command Allowed values are 1 2 and 4 bytes SEQ COUNTER BYTES 4 Size in byte of the message field containing the sequential counter value Allowed values are 1 2 and 4 bytes Size in bytes of the message field containing the MAC The value must MAC BYTES 4 not be larger than 16 bytes More bytes give a more secure authentication Maximum number of transmitters that one receiver can learn This MAX_TRANSMITTERS 5 number is limited by the amount of free EEPROM memory A compile error will occur of the number is chosen too large WINDOW SIZE 100 The size of the rolling window of acceptance Note 1 Serial number command code and sequential counter value fields must not exceed 16 bytes A compile error will occur if the total size exceeds this limit STK512 User Guide 3 1 5170C AVR 10 09 Programming Notes 3 2 Project Compi
10. ansmitter s 1 Onthe STK500 remove the 6 pin cable from the SPROG2 header plug it into the ISP program ming adapter Next insert the transmitter application board into the adapter as shown in Figure 2 6 Figure 2 6 Transmitter Key Fob with 6 pin Cable On the Program tab of the STK500 pop up window select the ATtiny44 from the pull down list In the Advanced tab select read signature to ensure that communication with the device is func tioning properly If the read attempt is successful a number will show in the window If not a pop up will appear describing the failure Consult the STK500 documentation to handle any failures 4 Select the fuses tab and ensure that the Fuses are set as shown in Table 2 2 Table 2 2 Transmitter ATtiny44 Fuse Settings Fuse Name Setting Preserve EEPROM memory Checked Brown out detection disabled Checked Int RC Osc 8 MHz 64 ms Checked Divide clock by 8 internally Not Checked Watchdog Timer always on Not checked 5 From the CD in the folder software IAR TX Release Exe program the flash of the ATtiny45 with TX a90 6 From the CD in the folder software Precompiled program the EEPROM of the Tiny45 with TX_EEPROM_AES128_ID1 7 Repeat this process for the second transmitter except with the file TX_EEPROM_AES128_ID2 The transmitters are now programmed and ready for use AMEL a 5170C AVR 10 09 STK512
11. atulations on your purchase of the Atmel AVR based Uni directional Radio Starter Kit featuring Secure Rolling Code RF Transmission Encryption This kit uses an Atmel STK 500 Flash Microcon troller Starter Kit that must be obtained separately This User s Guide describes how to use this Starter Kit Section 2 Getting Started describes how to assemble and program the hardware to demonstrate a wireless link that uses a secure rolling code algo rithm Section 3 Programming Notes describes optional programming for the advanced user 1 1 Purpose This starter kit demonstrates a Secure Rolling Code Algorithm transmission protocol for use in a unidi rectional wireless communication system Typical applications for this algorithm are garage door openers remote keyless entry passive entry and remote car start systems 1 2 General Description This kit demonstrates the transmission protocol with one receiver and a pair of associated transmitters However a typical system can support many more transmitters Characteristics of this protocol are m transmission encryption value that is valid only once preventing interception and re transmission to gain unauthorized access m Message content that is virtually impossible to predict even if previous messages are known For a thorough technical coverage of the hardware software and theory read the application note AVR411 Secure Rolling Code Algorithm for Wireless Link that is includ
12. combination of buttons will transmit an ordinary message that will be ignored by the receiver since the receiver is expecting a longer teach message Once the receiver receives the teach message the learn mode LEDS blinks off once and you have another 10 seconds to teach the next transmitter If LED5 does not blink the message was not received correctly perhaps due to interference or an incorrect button combination Repeat steps 1 and 2 until successful Figure 2 7 Transmitter Key Fob Button Numbering Switch 3 Switch 1 STK512 User Guide Getting Started 3 Repeat steps 1 and 2 for to teach additional transmitters 4 When the last transmitter has been taught to the receiver wait for the 10 second learn mode timeout to expire At this Point LED5 goes off and the receiver is ready to accept regular messages from the transmitters Note Whenever the maximum number of transmitters is reached LED5 blinks to indicate that a transmitter has been learned but there is not another 10 second delay LED5 goes off immediately after blinking 2 4 The Demonstration On the STK500 LEDO through LED4 represent a sequential circular counter i e LEDs 0 through 4 illu minate in sequence and then LEDs 0 through 4 again illuminate in sequence etc Pressing Switch 3 on a learned transmitter key fob increments the code counter and the illuminated LED pressing Switch 2 the counter and the illuminated LED de increments Since
13. d with the LEDs and red DIP switches to the left hand side To verify the orientation check that the EXPANDO pins on the Inter face Board plug into the EXPANDO socket on the STK500 Board Press firmly so that the board pins seat well 3 Install jumpers on all five pairs of pins JP2 next to the configure button as shown in Figure 2 4 5170C AVR 10 09 STK512 User Guide Getting Started Figure 2 4 STK512 Jumper Placement eaer F nts LEE 34 3 Chec gt Bau Birchkleischki ASK S 2 Lai 2 St 8 a 1 AIMEL 2 4 VE STK512 User Guide 5170C AVR 10 09 Getting Started Step C Mount the Receiver Application Board The Receiver Application Board must be mounted on the STK512 Interface Board The completed assembly is shown in Figure 2 5 Figure 2 5 Completed Receiver Assembly oot L ananns Caution After the next step if the receiver board is removed from the interface board sockets use EXTREME caution The pins on the receiver board are very easily bent and broken Use a rocking motion to lift the board straight perpendicular out of the socket 1 Orient the receiver board above the Interface Board as shown in Figure 2 5 Carefully insert the Receiver Application Board into the STK512 Interface Board sockets 2 Install the antenna onto the SMB connector 3 Supply the STK500 with 12 V power by connecting it to a PC using the RS232 port AMEL STK512 User Guide E 2 5 5170C AVR 10 0
14. e any failures 3 Select the Fuses tab and ensure that the Fuses are set as shown in Table 2 1 Table 2 1 Receiver ATmega88 Fuse Settings Fuse Name Setting Boot Flash section size 1024 Checked Brown out detection disabled Checked Int RC Osc 8 MHz 64 ms Checked Divide clock by 8 internally Not Checked Watchdog Timer always on Not checked 4 From the CD in the folder software IAR RX Release Exe program the flash of the ATMega88 with RX_fffMHz a90 Note fff is 315 434 868 or 915 the frequency specified for this kit 5 From the CD in the folder software Precompiled program the EEPROM of the ATMega88 with RX_EEPROM_AES128 hex The ATMega88 is now programmed to control the receiver Note About receiver programming the two rows of DIP switches on the interface board provide the capability to set the OPMODE and LIMIT registers of the receiver IC These DIP switches are NOT used by this demon stration software as the receiver is programmed by the ATmega88 More can be found about how these switches work by consulting the appropriate Data Sheets for the receiver ICs used in this kit To avoid acci dental misprogramming of the receiver IC when using this demonstration kit avoid pushing the white CONFIGURE button when the black slide switch is in the STK512 position AMEL 2 6 RE O STK512 User Guide 5170C AVR 10 09 Getting Started 2 2 2 Programming the Tr
15. ed on the accompanying CD 1 3 Evaluation Kit Features Advanced Encryption Standard AES and its Cipher based Message Authentication Code CMAC mode of operation for transmitter authentication m Multiple transmitters supported PC command line tools for cryptographic key management Up to 256 bit key sizes supported 315 434 868 MHz ISM band frequencies ATA577 1 73 74 and ATA8741 42 43 UHF ASK FSK transmitters with embedded ATtiny44 microcontroller a a m Less than 30 ms response time a a STK512 User Guide 1 1 5170C AVR 10 09 Introduction m ATA5723 24 28 and ATA8203 04 05 UHF ASK FSK receivers m User programmable transmitters with 6 pin ISP m Sleep modes for minimal power consumption 1 4 Included in the Kit Note This Radio Starter Kit is not self contained It is based on an Atmel STK500 Flash Microcontroller Starter Kit that must be obtained separately This starter kit includes all the essential components needed to demonstrate an AVR based uni direc tional radio that features a Secure Rolling Code RF Transmission Encryption protocol Contents of this kit are listed and shown in Figure 1 1 m Transmitter application board ISP programming adapter for Transmitter Receiver application board with external antenna STK512 Interface Board ATMega88 microcontroller not shown CDROM containing software Data Sheets and other documentation not shown 1 2 AMEL 5170C AVR 10 09 STK512 User Guide Introduction
16. egisters may be programming correctly with no visible signs of change Some external source may be holding the Data line low Monitor the Data Test point with an oscilloscope to check for presence of the acknowledge bit Receiver Application Board rotated 180 when mounted on the STK512 Interface Board Verify that Receiver Application Board signal test points are toward the DIP switches STK512 User Guide 4 1 5170C AVR 10 09 Troubleshooting Guide Table 4 1 Troubleshooting Solutions Continued Problem Unable to load STK512 Interface Board firmware Reason STK512 Interface Board not correctly connected to STK500 Solution Verify EXPANDO and EXPAND1 are properly oriented ISP ribbon cable not connected properly Ensure ribbon cable connected between ISP6PIN header and SPROG3 header Check orientation of pin 1 on headers Incorrect device selected Select ATmega8515 from the Device menu Verify that the signature byte matches in the Advanced tab Device present in STK500 sockets Remove all devices from the programming sockets of the STK500 ISP jumper not shorted on STK512 Interface Board Connect shunt Power and serial cable not connected to STK500 Verify setup of the STK500 hardware Transmitter not responding to button press Battery dead Open Transmitter Application Board case and replace coin cell battery Demo Software corrupted Reload the de
17. eshooting section for each board Data Selector switch not set to STK500 position Set the switch to the proper position and re run the demo Microcontroller socket on STK500 not populated The demo uses an ATmega88 microcontroller in the STK500 to decode the received signal Corrupted software in the STK500 microcontroller Reload the Receiver Decode software as shown in Section 2 10 pin ribbon cable not connected properly Verify that the 10 pin ribbon cable is properly connected to the LEDS header from the PORTC header on the STK500 Incompatible modulation used on the transmitter and receiver Verify that transmitter and receiver are both set for the same modulation type ASK versus FSK Receiver set to permanent sleep Check for Sleep bits in the OPMODE register set for all 1s Receiver limits incorrect Verify correct register settings as given in Section 2 Receiver antenna not connected Connect external whip antenna to Receiver Application Board 4 2 5170C AVR 10 09 AMEL STK512 User Guide AIMEL 460 Headquarters Atmel Corporation 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose CA 95131 USA Tel 1 408 441 0311 Fax 1 408 487 2600 International Atmel Asia Unit 1 5 amp 16 19 F BEA Tower Millennium City 5 418 Kwun Tong Road Kwun Tong Kowloon Hong Kong Tel 852 2245 6100 Fax 852 2722 1369 Atmel Europe Le Krebs 8 Rue Jean Pierre Timbaud BP 30
18. ing steps as long as pin 1 is con nected to pin 1 3 Using a 6 pin jumper cable supplied with the STK500 connect the two male headers ISP6PIN and SPROG2 4 Using a 10 pin jumper cable supplied with the STK500 connect the two male headers PORTC and LEDS 5 Using a 10 pin jumper cable supplied with the STK500 connect the two male headers PORTD and SWITCHES 6 Place jumpers on the following headers as shown in Figure 2 2 VTARGET AREF RESET XTAL1 OSCEL a 3 pin header Place a jumper next to the 1 printed on the board Figure 2 2 Detail of Jumper Placement on the STK500 _ Jumper Headers 2 2 AIMEL IMEL STK512 User Guide 5170C AVR 10 09 Getting Started Step B Assemble and Attach the STK512 Interface Board The STK512 Interface Board must be assembled and mounted on the STK500 Board The completed assembly is shown in Figure 2 3 Figure 2 3 Assembled STK512 Interface Board ll TEE 28 EE cAi a elicSeehelill 3 1 Orient the STK500 as shown in the Figure 2 3 Caution After the next step whenever the interface board is removed from the STK500 sockets use caution if a tool is used for leverage It is easy to bend pins or otherwise damage the STK500 and or the interface board Use a rocking motion while steadily pulling not prying it straight from the sockets 2 Insert the STK512 Interface Board into the EXPANDx sockets oriente
19. lation This step can be skipped if you only want to use the precompiled source code with default settings If not compile projects for both the transmitter and the receiver Detailed compilation instructions and fuse settings are giving in the source code documentation 3 3 EEPROM Image Generation 3 2 Allocate serial numbers and secret and shared keys for the system components Then use the supplied command line tools to generate one HEX file for every unit The secret key for the transmitters should be discarded after generating the HEX file They are not needed and could compromise system security if they get into the wrong hands Make sure that all transmitters that will be associated with a receiver have the same shared key as the receiver Note 1 The supplied tools are only meant for prototyping and evaluation For full production use a secure key management infrastructure should be established AMEL E STK512 User Guide 5170C AVR 10 09 AIMEL EEE Table 4 1 Troubleshooting Solutions Problem LED on Receiver Application Board not active Reason Power is not applied or is less than 5V Section 4 Troubleshooting Guide Solution Verify that 5V is supplied to the Receiver Application Board via on board pins or through the STK512 Interface Board connection to the STK 500 VTG jumper DATA Selector switch was not set to the STK511 position when power was applied Set DATA Selector switch to STK
20. mitter key fob switches must be pressed to cause an out of sync condition Similar to the above approach incremented counter values can be changed through manipulation of the counter value variable directly in software Atmel recommends appropriate variable monitoring capabili ties be available before attempting this approach Whichever approach is used the transmitter key fob and receiver counter can be resynchronized by having the receiver relearn the transmitter key fob AMEL STK512 User Guide sy 2 9 5170C AVR 10 09 AIMEL EEE Section 3 Programming Notes The following describes optional programming that is not necessary to use the kit to demonstrate the roll ing code algorithm over an RF link In addition to the information below the accompanying CD contains a readme html file that documents user programming of both the receiver and transmitter This information is included for the advanced user who wishes to experiment with the kit and its expanded capabilities 3 1 Configuration There are numerous options for the system e g cryptographic key sizes message field sizes etc The parameters are given as define macros in the config h files in both the transmitter and receiver source code folder The most important parameters are given in It is important that the parameters for the trans mitter and receiver code are the same The configuration file contains several other advanced parameters Parameter us
21. sired software according to Section 2 2 Switch contact not made Ensure proper contact of the button to the Transmitter Application Board No activity on Transmitter Application Board LED s Low Battery voltage Replace coin cell battery Transmitter is in sleep mode Press button to wake from sleep mode Demo Software corrupted Reload the desired software according to Section 2 2 Transmitter Application Board LED s constantly lit Demo Software corrupted Reload the desired software according to Section 2 2 Unable to program Transmitter Application board through ISP header Incorrect orientation of the ribbon cable connecting the ISP header to the STK500 Verify the orientation of both sides of the ribbon cable Power not supplied to transmitter on board microcontroller Supply 3 volts to the transmitter microcontroller through the coin cell battery or via the STK500 Wrong device selected in the STK500 software Select ATtinyl3 from the Device menu Verify that the signature We matches in the Advanced tab Power and serial cable not connected to STK500 Verify setup of the STK500 hardware Demo not working STK500 LED s not responding to transmitted signal Incorrect orientations of the Receiver Application Board or STK512 Interface Board Verify the hardware is assembled correctly as shown in Section 2 Power not properly supplied to all boards See the troubl
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