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PICkit 2 Programmer/Debugger User's Guide

1. 80 624 0001 N Jo lt noan CT zu UM OL sa UN LZ veu ovaasas sa gt 906 L8ININ 90 UM 001 591 UA L Y er T tO6E LBININ Sio L anndan ONLY 906 L8ININ 9 d ki wee Hn089 T T AED vio er UM OF 5028 euo Sum 07 NA n 000199HZ UE 3i 906 LSAW k iif lt seu 0 via eure E 124521 wee s c L shi ST N 191 afa UNO 9029004 sn oly 9t 906 LSWW i5 3101 uo o xnv Yo wee LOL A 8d 191 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 78 PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Index Numerics H 44 Pin Demo Board 31 EET PS 71 A Hex File Import 19 Hold Device 11 ANIMALE 71 AA u uuu 74 Auto Import Write Device 25 0 0 0000 12 B ei p
2. 28 3 3 Isolate ICSPCLK or PGC and ICSPDAT or PGD pins 28 EM iet Toe 29 9 5 VSS 30 3 6 Cable Lengths SEIT HT 30 3 7 Serial EEPROM and KeeLoq HCS Devices 30 Chapter 4 PICkit 2 Debug Express AA OO UC WI 31 4 2 PICkit 2 Debug Express Kit Contents 31 4 3 Installing the Hardware and Software 2 2 32 4 4 Using PICkit 2 Debug Express Ep Reads ait 32 4 5 Debug Express Tutorial TUE 36 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page iii PICkit 2 User s Guide Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 5 1 IBUGGUG0UOPE Aa 49 5 2 Frequently Asked Questions ie 49 5 3 PICkit 2 Debug Express MPLAB IDE Errors 54 Chapter 6 Updating the PICkit 2 Operating System 0 1 Introduction uuu tr et ER FERRY SERVER 61 6 2 Updating the PICkit 2 OS PICkit 2 Programmer Application 61 6 3 Updating the PICkit 2 OS MPLAB IDE 62 Chapter 7 PICkit 2 UART Tool LA MTOdUCUOM 2 92 LER 65 7 2 Connecting the PICkit 2 UART Tool 1 tira iterat caben tantis 65 7 3 Th
3. DS51553E page 10 2008 Microchip Technology Inc 2 Programmer Debugger Overview 1 4 1 The menu bar selects various functions of the PICkit 2 Programmer application A summary of the functions are File Import Hex Import a hex file for programming The hex file format INHX32 is supported Export Hex Export a hex file read from a device The hex file is created in the INHX32 format File History Up to the last four hex files opened displayed with their filepath These recent hex files may be selected to quickly import them Note that the file history will initially be blank on a new installation until a hex file is imported Exit Exit the program Device Family Select a device family to search for a connected device in that family Selecting the device family of the current part will clear all device data Some families which cannot be auto detected such as Baseline will bring up a drop down box from which supported devices may be selected Programmer Read Device Reads program memory data memory ID locations Configuration bits Write Device Writes program memory data EEPROM memory ID locations and Configuration bits Verify Verifies program memory data EEPROM memory ID locations and Configuration bits read from the target MCU against the code stored in the programming application Erase
4. If there is an error in the automatic download if you need a different operating system OS or if you have been instructed to do so you may manually update the OS To update the PICkit 2 firmware OS manually complete the following steps 1 Download the latest PICkit 2 firmware OS from the Microchip web site at www microchip com and place the file in the 2 installation directory By default the location is C Program Files Microchip MPLAB IDE PICkit 2 2 Select 2 as the debug tool Debugger gt Select Tool2PICkit 2 or program mer Programmer gt Select gt 2 DS51553E page 62 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Updating the PICkit 2 Operating System 3 Select Debugger gt Download OS or Programmer gt Download OS as in Figure 6 4 FIGURE 6 4 DOWNLOAD PICkit 2 OS FROM MPLAB IDE Select Tool Clear Memory Run Animate Step Into Step Over Reset Breakpoints Program Read Read EEDATA Connect Download OS Settings F9 F8 F2 Debugger Programmer T b b Programmer Tools Select Programmer gt Program Read Verify Erase Blank Check Read EEDATA Connect Download OS R Release from Reset Hold in Reset Settings 4 MPLAB IDE will proceed to download the latest firmware OS file to the PICkit 2 The progress of the OS update will be displayed in the Output window PICkit 2 tab a
5. 3 Program 72 73 74 EOD PM 2 Program Memory 14 Download OS 72 73 Programmer Application 10 Download PICkit 2 Programmer Operating System 12 Programming Functions 73 Push Bulton erret 8 E Enable Code Protect 11 R Enable Data 11 Read sa 23 72 73 74 ee te 11 24 73 74 Read 11 Explorer 1 eatis 31 Read Device Export Hex File 25 Export u 11 Read EEDATA ss 73 74 Read EEData 72 F Reading Recommended 4 Fast Programming 12 Readme zini 4 Pile 11 u u a uu 74 12 Release from Reset 73 Firmware Update 61 Reset Force PICkit 2 u uu u 12 74 Force Target ua uu u uu 12 PFOCESSON ER 72 Release 73
6. 71 2008 Technology Inc DS51553E page 79 PICkit 2 User s Guide s SetiOSCGAL 12 Settings Dialog ens 75 Settings tab 75 jid 72 T Target POWer 18 Target Vdd Source 12 Troubleshooting u u neenon ees 49 U Update Firmware 61 Update Operating System 61 eint it eet iere tte 8 Use VPP First Program 12 V ADE 13 18 19 29 49 MCI Rm 11 23 73 74 Verily Erased sisi eer crederet 74 Veny on 11 V a 28 49 30 W Warning Messages 75 Warnings 75 Warranty 4 Web Site Microchip 5 While 20 Wite DOVICC 11 Write PICkit Button 11 DS51553E page 80 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Index NOTES 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 81 MICROCHIP
7. Che PIC18F Microchip dsPIC33 r 4 VDD Pick 2 SMPS On 25 2 dsPIC30 SMPS Erase Blank Check MCLR x KEELOQ HCS Pro EEPROMS None Empty Erased If the Baseline 12 bit core KEELOQ HCS or EEPROMs device family is selected you must select the specific device from the device drop down box as shown in Figure 2 4 These devices do not have a device ID and do not support automatic detection CAUTION Ensure that the correct Baseline has been selected These devices do not contain a device ID to confirm device selection Choosing the wrong Baseline may cause an erasing of the OSCCAL value stored in the last memory location rr rs SC FC UU 5 2008 Technology Inc DS51553E page 17 PICkit 2 User s Guide FIGURE 2 4 SELECT BASELINE FLASH DEVICE PICkit 2 Programmer File Device Family Tools Help Baseline Configuration Device Select Part Select Part n Configuration 0000 User IDs Checksum AN mo e e e LLLLLLLLLELELEEL VDD PICKit 2 On MCLR None Empty Erased 25 SELECTING TARGET POWER The 2 can supply power to the target or the target may be powered externally 2 5 1 Target Powered from PICkit 2 If you are going to power the target board from the PICkit 2
8. 27 ICSPCLK ICSPDAT 28 Blank Check 11 24 73 74 Import Hex nione enero 11 Breakpolnts etti dep Ne 72 73 Import File 19 Install Hardware 15 Cable Length 30 s ne Ba E Calibrate VDD 8 Set Unit ID 12 k Check Communication 12 L Code Protect 11 23 D Sua EA 8 Connect eie 72 Low Pin Count Demo 31 Connecting nein pete intente 73 Connector 6 Pin 8 M Current LIMIT 22555 18 MGLR 73 74 Customer Notification Service 5 Microsoft Windows 49 Customer Support netese renere nne 6 MPLAB IDE uu S a 71 D Data EEPROM Memory 14 Operating System u eR 12 Data Protect 11 Operating System 61 Debug Express 31 OSCCAL M 12 Debugging Functions 71 P Device Selection 12 16 Documentation PGGIPGD aiia petet toe Led 28 CONVENTIONS
9. WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE AMERICAS Corporate Office 2355 West Chandler Blvd Chandler AZ 85224 6199 Tel 480 792 7200 Fax 480 792 7277 Technical Support http support microchip com Web Address www microchip com Atlanta Duluth GA Tel 678 957 9614 Fax 678 957 1455 Boston Westborough MA Tel 774 760 0087 Fax 774 760 0088 Chicago Itasca IL Tel 630 285 0071 Fax 630 285 0075 Dallas Addison TX Tel 972 818 7423 Fax 972 818 2924 Detroit Farmington Hills MI Tel 248 538 2250 Fax 248 538 2260 Kokomo Kokomo IN Tel 765 864 8360 Fax 765 864 8387 Los Angeles Mission Viejo CA Tel 949 462 9523 Fax 949 462 9608 Santa Clara Santa Clara CA Tel 408 961 6444 Fax 408 961 6445 Toronto Mississauga Ontario Canada Tel 905 673 0699 Fax 905 673 6509 ASIA PACIFIC Asia Pacific Office Suites 3707 14 37th Floor Tower 6 The Gateway Harbour City Kowloon Hong Kong Tel 852 2401 1200 Fax 852 2401 3431 Australia Sydney Tel 61 2 9868 6733 Fax 61 2 9868 6755 China Beijing Tel 86 10 8528 2100 Fax 86 10 8528 2104 China Chengdu Tel 86 28 8665 5511 Fax 86 28 8665 7889 China Hong Kong SAR Tel 852 2401 1200 Fax 852 2401 3431 China Nanjing Tel 86 25 8473 2460 Fax 86 25 8473 2470 China Qingdao Tel 86 532 8502 7355 Fax 86 532 8502 7205 China Shanghai Tel 86 21 5407 5533 Fax 86 21 5407 5066 China Shenyang Tel 86 24 2334 2829
10. You will also be warned that the hex file is larger than the selected device ifthe hex file contains memory locations that do not exist in the current device Any data for non existent locations will not be imported WRITING THE PROGRAM TO THE DEVICE After a device family has been selected and a hex file has been imported the target device can be programmed by clicking Write Figure 2 10 The device will be erased programmed with the hex code previously imported 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 Programmer Getting Started When erasing the device during programming a Bulk Erase method is used All Base line Mid Range and many dsPIC30F and PIC18F devices require a minimum VDD for the Bulk Erase Some of these devices support a low voltage row erase method that can be used at lower voltages but this method takes longer to erase the device See the Readme file under Help gt Readme for devices that support this feature If a device does not support row erasing a dialog will pop up to warn you if the device VDD is below the minimum required for a Bulk Erase Note If any Code Protect Data Protect Write Protect or Read Protect configu ration bits are currently set in the device the Bulk Erase method must be used prior to programming The lower voltage row erase procedure will not succeed FIGURE 2 10 BUTTONS WRITE Ces Ce Cem oce The status of the Write operation is displayed
11. 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 Programmer Debugger User s Guide DS51553E Note the following details of the code protection feature Microchip devices Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions There dishonest possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature All of these methods to our knowledge require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip s Data Sheets Most likely the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as unbreakable Code protection is constantly evolving We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products Attempts to break Microchip s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work you may have a right
12. Copy the AZD result to the delay lo B movwf Delay 1 AZDDelayLoop incfsz Delay f Waste time Fam Select Debugger gt Run or click Run to run the program The breakpoint will stop the program s execution when the program executes the line marked as a breakpoint Note Depending on the device breakpoint halts may skid past the breakpoint location In this case the program will halt on the line incfsz Delay f Mouse over ADRESH in the line above the breakpoint and it will show the value of the file register Figure 4 20 FIGURE 4 20 ADRESH REGISTER VALUE M 6FBB7DEMO ASM BAX btfsc ADCONO GO DONE goto 1 movf ADRESH w Copy the AZD result to the delay lo mowvrf Delaytl AZDDelayLoop incfsz Delay f Waste time goto AZDDelayLoop The Inner loop takes 3 instructions incfsz Delay l f The outer loop takes and additional goto A2DDelayLoop 2 76843 256 197376 instructions fig lu 2008 Technology Inc Adjust the potentiometer RP1 and continue the program execution by selecting Debug gt Run The program will run through the loop and halt again Mouse over ADRESH again to see that the A D result has not changed Thus it seems the A D conversion is not working The A D conversion initialization and setup occurs at the beginning of the program Select Debugger gt Reset
13. FIGURE 4 7 PICkit 2 DEBUG TOOL MPLAB IDE v7 62 07 File Edit View Project Programmer Tools Configure Window Help x m p HI pp OU Untitled Worksp Files 7 Symbols Select Tool Clear Memory Run Animate Halt Step Into Step Over Reset Breakpoints Program Read Read Connect Download 5 Settings None a Checksum 0 26 1 MPLAB ICD 2 156 3 MPLAB SIM 4 MPLAB ICE 2000 6 PICkit 2 2 version 0 0 3 12 Found PICkit 2 Operating System Version 2 1 1 001 There is a newer version of the P Downloading PICkit 2 OS 2 20 0 Target power not detected Powering from PIC PIC16F88 found Rev 0 2 PICkit 2 Ready u PIC16F887 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 37 PICkit 2 User s Guide 2 Select Debugger gt Settings to set up PICkit 2 operation Make sure the Connect on Startup checkbox is checked to enable the auto connection feature Figure 4 8 Then click OK FIGURE 4 8 PICkit 2 SETTINGS DIALOG PICkit 2 Settings Settings warnings Automatically v Connect on startup Program after successful build Run after successful program Dutput to debug file 3 Ifthe PICkit 2 did not connect automatically when it was selected as the debug tool
14. not attach a power sup ply to the target or the PICkit 2 will sense it and not give you the option to use PICkit 2 power For a target board not connected to an external power supply you will see the options displayed in Figure 2 5 FIGURE 2 5 ENABLE POWER FROM PICkit 2 Midrange device found voltage a box Read Write Verify Erase Blank Check J MCLR ae To enable power to the target device check the VDD PICkit 2 On checkbox as shown The default setting is Off i e the checkbox is unchecked Note target power supply is not detected the PICkit 2 will always supply power to the target during programming regardless of the VDD PICkit 2 checkbox state The voltage supplied to the target may be adjusted before or after enabling power by adjusting the Vpp PICkit 2 voltage box Figure 2 5 If a short or heavy current load is detected on the programmer supplied VDD then you will receive an error and VDD will be automatically disabled Refer to Figure 2 6 CAUTION The USB port current limit is set to 100 mA If the target plus the PICkit 2 exceed this current limit the USB port may turn off The target may be powered externally if more power is required DS51553E page 18 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 Programmer Getting Started FIGURE 2 6 Vpp ERROR PICkit
15. 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 55 PICkit 2 User s Guide PK2Error0016 Failed to find firmware files MPLABDir Description 2 Debug Express was unable to find the PICkit 2 Operating System firmware files Suggested Actions Thisis likely caused by an incomplete or corrupted installation See PK2Error0002 Suggested Actions PK2Error0017 Invalid hex file Filename Start End Description PICkit 2 Debug Express detected an error in PICkit 2 Operating System hex file Suggested Actions Since all Operating System hex files are provided by Microchip the issue is most likely a corrupted installation See PK2Error0002 Suggested Actions PK2Error0018 Unable to enter bootloader Description PICkit 2 Debug Express was unable to access the PICkit 2 unit bootloader while updating the PICkit 2 Operating System Suggested Actions Disconnect the PICkit 2 unit from USB and the target board While holding the PICkit 2 unit push button down plug the PICkit 2 unit back into the USB port The BUSY LED should flash slowly If it does not the bootloader may be corrupted Contact Microchip about the problem PK2Error0019 Failed PICkit OS read 1 2 3 4 Description An error occurred while communicating with the PICkit 2 bootloader Suggested Actions Remove the PICkit 2 unit from USB and the target board reboot the PC reconnect the PICkit 2 unitto USB and retry the operation If this does n
16. Performs a Bulk Erase of the target MCU OSCCAL and band gap values are preserved on parts with these features Blank Check Performs a Blank Check of program memory data EEPROM memory ID locations and Configuration bits Verify on Write When checked the device will be immediately verified after programming on a Write recommended When unchecked the device will be programmed but not verified on a Write Hold Device in Reset When checked the MCLR VPP pin is held low asserted When unchecked the pin is released tri stated allowing an external pull up to bring the device out of Reset Write on PICkit Button When checked a Write operation will be initiated by pressing the PICkit 2 push button Tools Enable Code Protect Enables code protection features of the microcontroller on future Write operations Note To disable code protect a device memory must be erased and rewritten Enable Data Protect Enables data protection feature of microcontrollers with data EEPROM memory on future Write operations Note To disable data protect all device memory must be erased and rewritten 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 11 PICkit 2 User s Guide Set OSCCAL Allows the OSCCAL value to be changed for devices where it is stored in the last location of Program Memory Target VDD Source Auto Detect The PICkit 2 will automatically detect whether the t
17. The PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger can program microcontroller devices that are installed in an application circuit using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP ICSP requires five signals VPP Programming Voltage when applied the device goes into Programming mode ICSPCLK or PGC Programming Clock a unidirectional synchronous serial clock line from the programmer to the target or PGD Programming Data a bidirectional synchronous serial data line Power Supply positive voltage Vss Power Supply ground reference However the application circuit must be designed to allow all the programming signals to be connected to the device without distorting the programming signals Figure 3 1 shows a typical circuit as a starting point when designing an application circuit for ICSP For successful ICSP programming the precautions in the following sections need to be followed Note For details on how a specific device is programmed refer to the device programming specification available from the Microchip web site at www microchip com FIGURE 3 1 TYPICAL ICSP APPLICATION CIRCUIT Isolation Circuitry Resistor or Schottky type diode PICkit 2 Programming 5V Header 1 VPPIMCLR l 2 VDD gt 3 Vss gt 4 ICSPDAT PGD gt 5 ICSPCLK PGC y sv 6 AUX 4 10k
18. mpasmwin options file options Curly brackets and pipe character Choice of mutually exclusive arguments an OR selection errorlevel 0 1 Ellipses Replaces repeated text var_name Represents code supplied by user var_name void main void 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 3 PICkit 2 User s Guide WARRANTY REGISTRATION Please complete the enclosed Warranty Registration Card and mail it promptly Sending in the Warranty Registration Card entitles users to receive new product updates Interim software releases are available at the Microchip web site RECOMMENDED READING This user s guide describes how to use PICkit 2 Other useful documents are listed below The following Microchip documents are available and recommended as supplemental reference resources 44 Pin Demo Board User s Guide 0541296 Consult this document for instructions on how to use the 44 Pin demo board as a development tool to emulate and debug firmware on a target board Low Pin Count Demo Board User s Guide DS51556 Consult this document for instructions on how to use Microchip Technology s low count device 8 pin 14 pin and 20 pin This document includes a series of tutorials MPLAB IDE Quick Start Guide 0551281 Describes how to set up the MPLAB IDE software and use it to create projects and program devices MPLAB IDE User s Guide Help 0551519 Cons
19. 2 PICkit 2 found connected Use VPP First Program Entry CHIP PIC Device Found Fast Progtamming UART Tool TI Read write Verify Check Communication x Program Memory Troubleshoot Enabled Hex Only 5 nnnn FFF Download PICkit 2 Operating System Note Ifthe device is read after it has been protected the protected memory regions will display all zeros Simply unchecking Enable Code Protect will not allow you to read the region You must erase and reprogram all device memory before you can read that memory region again ERASING AND BLANK CHECKING THE DEVICE The Erase function erases the program memory data EEPROM memory ID and Configuration bits regardless of the state of the Program Memory and EEPROM Data Enabled checkboxes However this function is not normally needed since the Write function performs an erase operation prior to programming the device To erase the device click Erase Figure 2 17 Note The PICkit 2 Erase function always uses the Bulk Erase method that requires a minimum VDD even on devices that support row erasing for the Write function You will be warned if VDD is below the minimum for the connected device FIGURE 2 17 BUTTONS ERASE Ce ses J The Blank Check function will read the entire device to determine if Program Memory EEPROM Data memory User IDs and C
20. 2 470 Ohm A MM VDD Vss n OR ZRA5 RAO ICSPDATE AAA To Application PN SIRAA RAT CSPCLKI NW Circuit 4 RA3 MCLR VPP 215 70 1 Target Microcontroller Device Typical Values 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 27 PICkit 2 User s Guide 3 2 ISOLATE VPP MCLR PORT When VPP voltage is applied the application circuit needs to take into consideration that the typical VPP voltage is 12V This may be an issue in the following situations If the VPP pin is used as a MCLR pin The application circuit is typically connected to a pull up resistor capacitor circuit as recommended in the device data sheet Care must be taken so that the VPP voltage slew rate is not slowed down and exceeds the rise time in the programming specification typically 1 us If a supervisory circuit or a push button is interfaced to the MCLR pin it is recommended that they be isolated from the VPP voltage by using a Schottky type diode or limiting resistor as shown in Figure 3 1 For more information about using supervisory circuits with ICSP see Application Note AN820 System Supervisors in ICSP Architectures 0500820 If the VPP pin is used as an I O port pin The application circuit that connects to the I O pin may not be able to handle the 12V voltage It is recommended to use a Schottky type diode or limiting resistor as shown in Figure 3 1 to isolate the circuitry 3 3 ISOLATE ICSP
21. FF FF FF BD50 Device User IDs Checksum Tools Help Configuration 0004 Messen 2 7 1 Writing to Specific Memory Regions If a device has EEPROM data memory the Enabled checkbox next to Program Memory and EEPROM Data will become available The checkboxes select which memory regions programming operations will be affected Refer to Table 2 1 for a description of how programming operations are affected by the checkboxes Erase and Blank Check always operate on all memory regions TABLE 2 1 MEMORY REGION SELECTION Program EEPROM Data Memory Enabled Enabled Write Read Verify Erase Blank Check Checked Checked All Memory Regions Memory Regions Checked Program Memory Memory Regions User IDS Configuration Checked EEPROM only All Memory Regions Not Allowed During a Write regions that are unchecked will remain unchanged in the device For example if Program Memory is unchecked while EEPROM Data is checked then a Write operation will only write EEPROM Data while Program Memory User IDs and Configuration Words in the device will remain unchanged If Program Memory is checked while EEPROM Data is unchecked then a Write operation will program Program Memory User IDs and Configuration Words while EEPROM Data in the device will remain unchanged Due to programming constraints in some devices the PICkit 2 Pr
22. Fax 86 24 2334 2393 China Shenzhen Tel 86 755 8203 2660 Fax 86 755 8203 1760 China Wuhan Tel 86 27 5980 5300 Fax 86 27 5980 5118 China Xiamen Tel 86 592 2388138 Fax 86 592 2388130 China Xian Tel 86 29 8833 7252 Fax 86 29 8833 7256 China Zhuhai Tel 86 756 3210040 Fax 86 756 3210049 ASIA PACIFIC India Bangalore Tel 91 80 4182 8400 Fax 91 80 4182 8422 India New Delhi Tel 91 11 4160 8631 Fax 91 11 4160 8632 India Pune Tel 91 20 2566 1512 Fax 91 20 2566 1513 Japan Yokohama Tel 81 45 471 6166 Fax 81 45 471 6122 Korea Daegu Tel 82 53 744 4301 Fax 82 53 744 4302 Korea Seoul Tel 82 2 554 7200 Fax 82 2 558 5932 or 82 2 558 5934 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Tel 60 3 6201 9857 Fax 60 3 6201 9859 Malaysia Penang Tel 60 4 227 8870 Fax 60 4 227 4068 Philippines Manila Tel 63 2 634 9065 Fax 63 2 634 9069 Singapore Tel 65 6334 8870 Fax 65 6334 8850 Taiwan Hsin Chu Tel 886 3 572 9526 Fax 886 3 572 6459 Taiwan Kaohsiung Tel 886 7 536 4818 Fax 886 7 536 4803 Taiwan Taipei Tel 886 2 2500 6610 Fax 886 2 2508 0102 Thailand Bangkok Tel 66 2 694 1351 Fax 66 2 694 1350 EUROPE Austria Wels Tel 43 7242 2244 39 Fax 43 7242 2244 393 Denmark Copenhagen Tel 45 4450 2828 Fax 45 4485 2829 France Paris Tel 33 1 69 53 63 20 Fax 33 1 69 30 90 79 Germany Munich Tel 49 89 627 144 0 Fax 49 89 627 144 44 Italy
23. If the box is checked then the device EEPROM will be overwritten with the window data If the box is not checked then the device EEPROM will not be erased or altered during a Write Device operation The checkbox does not affect Erase Device or Blank Check operations Both memory window checkboxes may not be cleared at the same time DS51553E page 14 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Chapter 2 PICkit 2 Programmer Getting Started 21 INTRODUCTION This chapter gives instruction on how to get started using the PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger to program Flash based PIC microcontroller units For information how to use the PICkit 2 with In Circuit Serial Programming refer to Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP For information on how to update the PICkit 2 operating system firmware refer to Chapter 6 Updating the PICkit 2 Operating System For information on using the PICkit 2 as a debugger in MPLAB IDE see Chapter 4 PICkit 2 Debug Express Installing the PICkit 2 Hardware Installing and Launching the PICkit 2 Programmer Application Connecting to the Device Selecting Target Power Importing a Hex File Writing the Program to the Device Verifying the Device Reading Device Memory Code Protecting the Device Erasing and Blank Checking the Device Automating Write Read Procedures 2 2 INSTALLING THE PICkit 2 HARDWARE T
24. Step Into Step Over Step Out Animate Real time execution occurs when you select Run in MPLAB IDE When the program is halted either by Halt or at a breakpoint you can step through the code The following toolbar buttons can be used for quick access to commonly used debug operations Debugger Menu Toolbar Buttons Run p Halt Animate DD Step Into m Step Over n Step Out jt Reset run the demo code 1 Double click on the 16F887Demo asm file from the Project window or select gt from the toolbar menu The code will appear in File window 2 Select Debugger gt Run or click Run 3 Turn the potentiometer RP1 located on the demo board and observe the LEDs Ifthe program were working properly the LEDs would rotate faster or slower depending onin which direction the potentiometer is turned However a bug has been intentionally placed in the code for debugging demonstration purposes See Section 4 5 9 Debugging the PIC16F887 Debug Demo Code for debugging instructions 4 Select Debugger gt Halt or click Halt to stop the program execution A green solid arrow will mark the line of code in the File window where the program halted 5 Select Debugger gt Reset gt Processor Reset to reset the program The arrow will disappear meaning the device is Reset 4 5 9 Debugging the PIC16F887 Debug Demo Code Any of the following issues can prevent the PIC16F8
25. Tool to RS 232 12 Volt signals Doing so may cause damage to the PICkit 2 unit your computer USB ports and the target serial port THE PICKIT 2 UART TOOL WINDOW To open the PICkit 2 UART Tool window select Tools gt UART Tool Figure 7 2 The PICkit 2 Programmer window will open and the PICkit 2 Programmer application win dow will close as the programmer cannot be used while the UART Tool is active and vice versa FIGURE 7 2 PICkit 2 UART TOOL WINDOW ASCII MODE a9 PICkit 2 UART Tool amx Mode Initializing Configuring PF Network detected String Macros Append 00 x0A v Wrap Text 5 m Send Clear Screen lear Screen Send v Echo On Connect PICkit 2 VDD amp target VDD ER Too The UART Tool has two modes ASCII and HEX The current mode is selected and dis played by the buttons on the upper right hand ofthe display The button corresponding to the active mode will be displayed depressed For example in Figure 7 2 the ASCII mode is active and so the ASCII button appears pressed The mode selection affects how serial data is displayed and entered in the window and the modes are explained in the next two sections DS51553E page 66 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 UART Tool The window be resized by clicking dragging on the lower right corner
26. User s Guide 4 4 7 Linker Scripts If your project uses a linker script special ICD linker script files must be used when debugging that reserve the resources used by the PICkit 2 Debug Express Each device has a separate debug linker file which contains an i at the end of the device name For example 16F8771i 1kr In Circuit Debug linker file for the PIC16F877 device 18F4520i 1kr In Circuit Debug linker file for the PIC18F4520 device When debugging with PICkit 2 Debug Express the ICD linker file should be used instead of the standard linker file 45 DEBUG EXPRESS TUTORIAL This tutorial is intended to be used with the PICkit 2 44 Pin Demo Board and PIC16F887 microcontroller This demo board comes with the PICkit 2 Debug Express kit and is available separately as part number DM164120 2 If this demo board is not available it is still recommended to read through this tutorial to get an overview of using the PICkit 2 as a debugger in the MPLAB IDE The source file used for the tutorial is installed with the PICkit 2 Programmer software 4 5 1 Selecting the Device To select a device in MPLAB IDE 1 Launch the MPLAB IDE application 2 From the MPLAB IDE menu bar select Configure gt Select Device Figure 4 5 FIGURE 4 5 MPLAB IDE MENU BAR 7 6207 oe File Edit View Project Debugger Programmer Tools Configure Window Help aie x Checksum 0 26 Confi
27. a debug Step operation is attempted Suggested Actions This situation will not normally happen as the user interface is disabled while PICkit 2 is servicing requests Wait for the original operation to complete PK2Error0012 Unable to open file Filename Description 2 Debug Express was unable to open the specified file Suggested Actions Ensure the file exists and file or directory permissions do not pre vent access to the file This may also be caused by an incomplete or corrupted installation See PK2Error0002 Suggested Actions PK2Error0013 Bad hex line File Line PK2Error0014 Invalid address in hex file File Line Address Description PICkit 2 Debug Express detected an error in a debug executive hex file Suggested Actions Since all debug executive hex files are provided by Microchip the issue is most likely a corrupted installation See PK2Error0002 Suggested Actions PK2Error0015 Failed Windows call WinFunc GetLastError Description A call to a Windows function within PICkit 2 Debug Express has failed This internal error is primarily meant for debugging purposes Suggested Actions This may be caused by existed system resources or a corrupted installation 1 Try rebooting your system to free up memory 2 Make sure you have a reasonable amount of free space on your hard drive and that it is not overly fragmented 3 See PK2Error0002 Suggested Actions for a corrupted installation
28. breakpoints in Program Memory or to edit the address of an existing Pro gram Memory breakpoint Only the Pass Count value for Program Memory breakpoints may be edited in the Advanced Breakpoint dialog To edit set or clear Program Memory breakpoints use the MPLAB IDE editor or the Debugger gt Breakpoints menu dialog 4 4 6 Breakpoint Skidding The in circuit debug implementation on PIC microcontrollers will halt execution on the instruction after the breakpoint instruction This means the breakpoint instruction will have executed when the debugger halts This is referred to as breakpoint skidding As a result there are some breakpoint behaviors to be aware of When a breakpoint is set on a GOTO CALL or RETURN instruction the debugger will halt at the destination instruction as the program branch instruction with the breakpoint will have executed Also when using the debugger Step Over function a breakpoint will be set on the instruction after the CALL instruction that the debugger is stepping over if there is available breakpoint If the CALL instruction is followed immediately by another CALL instruction this will result in the debugger halting at the destination of the second CALL instruction To prevent this NOP may be placed between the CALL instructions Note that 16 bit devices will halt two instructions after the breakpoint instruction 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 35 PICkit 2
29. in the status bar located under the Device Configuration window If the write is successful the status bar turns green and displays Programming Successful as shown in Figure 2 11 FIGURE 2 11 WRITE SUCCESSFUL STATUS PICkit 2 Programmer Programmer Tools Midrange Configuration Device 90 Configuration 0004 User IDs FF FF FF FF Checksum 50 DEEE QD If the write fails the status bar turns red and displays Programming Failed as shown in Figure 2 12 This error indicates that the data was corrupted during the programming sequence If this error is displayed try writing the program to the device again If the error continues see Chapter 5 Troubleshooting for assistance FIGURE 2 12 WRITE ERROR STATUS PICkit 2 Programmer m File Device Family Programmer Tools Midrange Configuration Device PIC16F690 Configuration 0004 User IDs FF FF FF FF Checksum BD50 Other write issues be displayed warnings will turn the status bar yellow as in Figure 2 13 In this case the PICkit 2 and demo board had become disconnected 2008 Technology Inc DS51553E page 21 PICkit 2 User s Guide FIGURE 2 13 WRITE WARNING STATUS PICkit 2 Programmer File Device Family Programmer Midrange Configuration No Device Found FF
30. select Debugger Connect to connect now The connection status will be visible in the Output window Depending on the version of the MPLAB IDE soft ware or the selected device a message may appear indicating that the firmware PICkit 2 operating system needs to be updated MPLAB IDE will automatically install new firmware 4 5 3 Creating an MPLAB IDE Project An MPLAB IDE project and workspace keep all files and settings for a development project together The Project Wizard helps you set up a new project 1 Select Project Project Wizard to set up the project The Project Wizard Welcome screen will display Figure 4 9 Click Next to continue to Step One FIGURE 4 9 PROJECT WIZARD WELCOME Project Wizard Welcome This wizard helps you create or configure a new MPLAB IDE project To continue click Next Cancel Help DS51553E page 38 2008 Technology Inc PICkit 2 Debug Express 2 Select the 16 887 device from the Device drop down box if it is not already selected Figure 4 10 Click Next to continue to Step Two FIGURE 4 10 STEP ONE SELECT DEVICE Project Wizard Step One A Select a device Device iv 3 For this project the MPASM assembler tool will be used Select Microchip MPASM Toolsuite from the Active Toolsuite drop down menu Figure 4 11 Make sure the
31. the following MPLAB IDE functions Debugger Menu Right Mouse Button Menu Toolbars A 2 1 Debugger Menu Run F9 Execute program code until a breakpoint is encountered or until Halt is selected Execution starts at the current program counter as displayed in the status bar The current program counter location is also represented as a pointer in the Program Memory window While the program is running several other functions are disabled Animate Animate causes the debugger to actually execute single steps while running updating the values of the registers as it runs Animate runs slower than the Run function but allows you to view changing register values in the Special Function Register window or in the Watch window Halt Animate use the menu option Debugger Halt the toolbar Halt or F5 Halt F5 Halt stop the execution of program code When you click Halt status information is updated 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 71 PICkit 2 User s Guide Step Into F7 Single step through program code For assembly code this command executes one instruction single or multiple cycle instructions and then halts After execution of one instruction all the windows are updated For C code this command executes one line of C code which may mean the execution of one or more assembly instruction and then halts After execution all the windows are updated Note Do not step into a SLEEP i
32. the PICkit 2 tab of the Output dialog window will display the current phase of operation When programming is complete the dialog should look similar to Figure 4 18 Note Debug executive code is automatically programmed in the upper program memory of the PIC16F 887 target device when the PICkit 2 is selected as a debugger Debug code must be programmed into the target device to use the in circuit debugging capabilities of the PICkit 2 FIGURE 4 18 OUTPUT WINDOW PROGRAM DEVICE FOR DEBUG Output Leg Build Version Control Find in Files 2 Initializing PICKit 2 version 0 0 3 12 Found PICkit 2 Operating System Version 2 20 0 Target power not detected Powering from PICkit 2 PIC16F887 found Rev 0 2 PICkit 2 Ready Resetting Programming Target 8 12 2007 3 47 38 PM Erasing Target Programming Program Memory 0x0 Ox4F Verifying Program Memory 0x0 0x4F Programming Debug Executive 0 1 00 0x1FFF Verifying Debug Executive 0x1F00 0x1FFF Programming Debug Vector Verifying Debug Vector Programming Configuration Memory Verifying Configuration Memory Debug mode entered DE Version 1 0 4 PICkit 2 Ready 2008 Technology Inc DS51553E page 43 PICkit 2 User s Guide 4 5 8 Running the 16 887 Debug Demo PICkit 2 Debug Express executes the program code in either real time Run or in steps
33. the tar get board instead of the production microcontroller However most header boards have RJ 11 debug which requires the 164110 RJ 11 to ICSP adapter kit to connect it to PICkit 2 Figure 4 1 illustrates using the AC162061 ICD Header for the PIC16F690 with the AC164110 adapter kit and Low Pin Count Demo Board FIGURE 4 1 USING THE PIC16F690 ICD HEADER BOARD EI AC164110 ICSP to RJ 11 Adapter ICD Header A f Een This diagram shows how to connect the PICkit 2 to an ICD Debug Target header with the ICSP to RJ 11 Adapter The AC162061 ICD Board lt header for the PIC16F690 is shown plugging into the DM164120 1 Low Pin Count Demo Board o 20000000 60000000 m 90 0 00 20000000 20000000 J Many Mid Range PIC microcontrollers and all PIC18 and 16 bit PIC microcontroller devices do not require ICD header and can be debugged directly through the ICSP programming connections This is true of the PIC16F887 included on the 44 Pin Demo Board which be debugged by simply connecting the demo board to the 2 as shown in Figure 4 2 FIGURE 4 2 CONNECTING THE DEMO BOARD TO THE 2 xs 00000000000 00000000 06066000560 28 OO O0 PIC microcontrollers that don t require ICD Header may be debugged directly o
34. to reset the program Select View Watch to open a new Watch window This window will allow you to watch the A D register value change as the program executes The Watch dialog opens with the Watch 1 tab selected as shown in Figure 4 21 DS51553E page 45 PICkit 2 User s Guide FIGURE 4 21 NEW WATCH WINDOW Watch MAX ADCONO Add Symbol Address Symbol Name Watch1 Watch 2 watch Watch 4 Note Itis not recommended to use the View gt File Registers and View gt Special Function Registers windows when debugging with PICkit 2 Debug Express When these windows are open the entire contents must be written then read back from the target device on every operation This may slow down debugging operations significantly Instead only add the SFR and File Register variables of interest to a Watch window as described in this tutorial 9 Select ADCONO0 from the first drop down list and then click Add SFR to add ADCONO to the Watch window Repeat this to add ADCON1 and ADRESH to the Watch window The selected SFRs should be visible in the Watch window as shown in Figure 4 22 FIGURE 4 22 ADD SFRs TO WATCH ADRESH lt Add Symbo 8 v Address Symbol Name ADCONO ADCON1 ADRESH Watch 1 Watch 2 Watch Watch 4 10 Select Debugger gt Run to the run the program Again the program will
35. to sue for relief under that Act Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and be superseded by updates It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WRITTEN OR ORAL STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE RELATED TO THE INFORMATION INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION QUALITY PERFORMANCE MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE Microchip disclaims liability arising from this information and its use Use of Microchip devices in life support and or safety applications is entirely at the buyer s risk and the buyer agrees to defend indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages claims suits or expenses resulting from such use No licenses are conveyed implicitly or otherwise under any Microchip intellectual property rights QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CERTIFIED BY DNV ISO TS 16949 2002 Trademarks The Microchip name and logo the Microchip logo Accuron dsPIC KEELOQ KEELOQ logo MPLAB PIC PICSTART PRO MATE and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries FilterLab Linear Active Thermistor MXDEV MXLAB SEEVAL SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of M
36. tools are set to the proper executables by default in the C Program Files Microchip MPASM Suite folder as follows MPASM assembler should be pointing to mpasmwin exe MPLINK object linker should be pointing to mplink exe MPLIB object librarian should be pointing to mplib exe Click Next to continue to Step Three FIGURE 4 11 STEP TWO SELECT LANGUAGE SUITE Project Wizard Step Two Select language toolsuite Active Tookuite Microchip MPASM Toolsuite Toolsuite Contents MPASM Assembler mpasmwin exe MPLINK Object Linker mplink exe MPLIB Librarian mplib exe Location C Program Files Microchip MPASM Suite mpasmwin exe Help My Suite Isn t Listed Show all installed toolsuites kaa 2008 Technology Inc DS51553E page 39 PICkit 2 User s Guide 4 Click Browse Figure 4 12 to locate create new project directory project name For this tutorial select the location C Program Files Microchip PICkit 2 v2 DBE Demo and give the project name such as 16 887 Debug Demo FIGURE 4 12 STEP THREE CREATE NEW PROJECT Project Wizard x us oet project or reconfigure the active project Create New Project File C Program Files Microchip PICkit 2 v2 DBE 6 887 D Browse Next gt 11 Cancel Hel
37. updating the programming software The latest software is available on Microchip s web site page for the PICkit 2 www microchip com pickit2 The PICkit 2 also may be used to debug selected devices See Chapter 4 PICkit 2 Debug Express for more details 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 7 PICkit 2 User s Guide The 2 unit is shown in Figure 1 1 FIGURE 1 1 PICkit 2 MCU PROGRAMMER DEBUGGER Legend 1 Status LEDs 3 Lanyard Connection 5 Pin 1 Marker 2 Push Button 4 USB Port Connection 6 Programming Connector 1 3 1 USB Port Connection The USB port connection is a USB mini B connector Connect the PICkit 2 to the PC using the supplied USB cable 1 3 2 Status LEDs The Status LEDs indicate the status of the PICkit 2 1 Power green Power is applied to the PICkit 2 via the USB port 2 Target yellow The PICkit 2 is powering the target device 3 Busy red The PICkit 2 is busy with a function in progress such as programming 1 3 3 Push Button The push button may be used to initiate the Write Device programming function when Programmer Write on PICkit Button is checked on the PICkit 2 Programmer application menu see item labeled 2 in Figure 1 1 The push button may also be used to put the PICkit 2 unit operating system firmware into Bootloader mode For more information on this feature see Chapter 6 Updating the PICkit 2 Operating Sys
38. web site at http support microchip com w ns rrsrs Ts r rrrF F DS51553E page 6 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Chapter 1 PICkit 2 Programmer Debugger Overview 11 INTRODUCTION This chapter introduces the PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger features and PICkit 2 Programmer application menu functions This chapter discusses PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger Contents PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger PICkit 2 Programmer Application 1 2 PICkit 2 DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMER DEBUGGER CONTENTS The PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger kit contains the following items 1 The PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger 2 USB cable 3 PICkit Starter Kit and MPLAB IDE CD ROMs Additionally the PICkit 2 Starter Kit and PICkit 2 Debug Express kit both contain a demo board with a PIC microcontroller device 1 3 PICkit 2 DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMER DEBUGGER The PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger is a low cost development program mer It is capable of programming most of Microchip s Flash microcontrollers and serial EEPROM devices For specific device support see the README file included on the PICkit 2 Starter Kit CD ROM Note The PICkit 2 is intended for development programming For production programming please consider the MPLAB PM3 device programmer or other third party programmers designed for a production environment New device support can be added by
39. you need to build the project Select Project gt Build All or right click on the project name in the Project Window and select Build All from the pop up menu The MPASM assembler will create a hex file with the same name as the source asm file The assembler s progress will be visible in the Build tab of the Output window Figure 4 16 FIGURE 4 16 OUTPUT WINDOW BUILD THE PROJECT Output BAX Build Version Control Find in Files PICkit 2 Clean Deleting intermediary and output files i i Clean Deleted file C Program Files Microchip PICkit 2 v2 DBE Demo PIC Clean Done Executing CAProgram Files Microchip MPASM Suite mpasmwin exe q Message 302 FILES MICROCHIPAPICKIT 2 V2 DBE DEMO Message 302 FILES MICROCHIPAPICKIT 2 V2 DBE DEMO Message 302 FILES MICROCHIPAPICKIT 2 V2 DBE DEMO Message 302 FILES MICROCHIPAPICKIT 2 V2 DBE DEMO Message 302 FILES MICROCHIPAPICKIT 2 DEMO Loaded C Program Files Microchip PICkit 2 VADBE Demo 16F88 7Demo l BUILD SUCCEEDED Wed Sep 12 13 49 38 2007 lt 2 4 5 6 Checking Configuration Bit Values The Configuration bits that will be programmed into the device are set from within the program using CONFIG directives Once the project is built the values of these bits can be verified using the Configuration Bits wind
40. 0 Jn po Ley T 89 7 1 u 1 HO XL 90H SSA s d f1L00942IN N SSA 5 qu 19 aj WAF Q vOM L Mro 8SnA Ldoorzou S 244 3On zdoO ISOLL LON DIOELL OSOLL OOH asn 099 218W 283 Y 71 M asn AS NOd LISH SEN 9VH 0OH19 79S0 for i PPR OIBW LINV VER T TSL PDA OdA ZdOO 6NV EgH NO OWNLNI eNV ZEM 1119 1950 1 Dos ZI 1OS MOS LLNI OLNVI ZHNOZ 4422 vas gt VaS ICS O LTS OLNIZLNV OSY LS ai yo L fT dis Bed 191 gt LNOZO NIGMH SS PNVISVE 2 s AOY LNOLO IMOOL PWY 2 H 2 4 93 191 gt rts N3349 MOTT3A aas 02 zsa esa Z 130 vL asna 0 0 LMS La OS 0SSZ38LO9ld 9 OM OL JE Lu zey 9 gt io 4 L gsn 8sn asn 8sn AS pajeindod jou 9 9 pue LON DS51553E page 77 2008 Technology Inc PICkit 2 User s Guide PICkit 2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM PAGE 2 OF 2 FIGURE B 2 191 00A 1vadsol 19dsol xnv
41. 2 Error PICkit 2 VDD voltage level error Check target amp retry operation To avoid heavy current load errors it is recommended to keep the target current consumption below 25 mA Large VDD capacitances should also be avoided as they slow down the VDD risetime The allowed VDD rise time is 500 us or less 2 5 2 Target Powered from External Supply The target device may also be powered externally By default the PICkit 2 will automat ically detect an externally powered board The heading Vpp PICkit 2 will be changed to Target the On checkbox will be replaced by a checkbox named Check and the detected VDD voltage is displayed in the grayed out voltage box as in Figure 2 7 Clicking the Check checkbox will update the detected VDD voltage displayed in the voltage box If no VDD voltage is detected when the checkbox is clicked then PICkit 2 will return to supplying VDD power to the target device Note The maximum external Vpp that may be used with the PICkit 2 is 5 0 Volts The minimum external Vpp that may be used with the PICkit 2 is 2 5 Volts FIGURE 2 7 EXTERNALLY POWERED TARGET Midrange device found AN MICROCHIP VDD Target Check Read L Write Verify Erase Blank Check MCLR 2 6 IMPORTING A HEX FILE To import a compiled program hex file to be programmed into the target device select File gt Import HEX as
42. 2 Settings dialog see Section 4 Settings Dialog Set up automatic options and enable disable warnings A 3 2 Toolbar Program the target device Program memory areas program memory EEDATA memory Configuration bits and ID locations Read target device memories Read memory areas program memory EEDATA memory Configuration bits and ID locations Read the target EEDATA memory Read EEDATA memory Verify the contents of the target device Verify programming of memory areas program memory EEDATA memory Configuration bits and ID locations Erase the target device memories Erase all data on the device including program memory EEDATA memory ID and Configuration bits Verify that target memories are erased Check to see that all device memory is erased blank Release from Reset Set the target MCLR pin to Vpp Hold in Reset Set the target MCLR pin to Vss Connect Establish communications between the PICkit 2 and the PC DS51553E page 74 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB IDE Reference 4 SETTINGS DIALOG Select Debugger gt Settings or Programmer Settings to open the settings dialog and set up PICkit 2 A 4 1 Settings Tab This tab of the PICkit 2 Settings dialog allows you to set automatic options Connect on startup When PICkit 2 is selected as the programmer immediately attempt to connect Program on When a project builds successfully immediately attempt to program the succes
43. 77 family require a minimum programming VDD of 4 75V Depending on the USB voltage the PICkit 2 may not be able to supply 4 75V on Vpp Program these parts using an external 5 0V power supply Some PIC18F parts require significant bypass capacitance on Vpp Try increasing the total bypass capacitance up to 10 uF PIC18FXXJXX PIC24X and dsPIC30F 33F devices require a 4 7 uF capacitor on the VDDCORE VCAP in order to function properly If not using a separate regulator to sup ply VDDCORE ensure that the ENVREG pin is tied to VDD Windows Error Unrecognized USB Device Question Why do l get an unrecognized device error when plugging my PICkit 2 into USB Answer This error may occur if PICkit 2 is plugged into USB while connected to a target circuit board When plugging PICkit 2 in a PC restarting or booting up a PC ensure the PICkit 2 is not connected to a target device This error may also occur when PICkit 2 is used with some USB hubs If the PICkit 2 is plugged into a USB hub port try plugging the PICkit 2 directly into a PC USB port PICkit 2 Not Found Question I have my PICkit 2 plugged into USB but the PICkit 2 Programmer application keeps saying PICkit 2 Not Found Answer Please see the answer for Windows Error Unrecognized USB Device PICkit 2 Programmer Application Locks Up Question Why is the PICkit 2 Programmer window locking up Answer Often times the software hasn t truly locked up Duri
44. 87 Debug Demo program from working properly 1 The A D converter value is not being written properly to the Delay routine 2 The A D converter is not enabled or has not been set to convert 3 A typing error in the source code has caused the program to function improperly To explore the issue listed first set a breakpoint at the line of code that writes the value of the A D result to the high order Delay byte 1 Place the cursor on the following line of code the 16F887Demo asm file movwf Delay 1 as shown in Figure 4 19 At this breakpoint the program will stop once the A D conversion has completed 2 Either right click on the line to display a drop down menu and select Set Breakpoint or double click on the line breakpoint symbol will appear next to the line as the letter B in a solid red octagon as shown in Figure 4 19 DS51553E page 44 2008 Microchip Technology Inc 2 Debug Express 4 19 SET BREAKPOINT CV M F887DEMO ASM InitRegisters l banksel Display moviw 0 80 movvrf Display clrf Direction clrf LookingFor Looking for a 0 on the button MainLoop movf Display w Copy the display to the LEDs mowvvrf PORTD nop wait total SuS for AZD amp to se nop wait lus nop wait lus nop wait 145 nop wait lus bsf ADCONO GO DONE start conversion btfsc ADCONO GO DONE this bit will change to zero when t goto 1 movf ADRESH w
45. Beta support indicates that the device is supported but has not yet undergone internal certification testing by Microchip 4 4 2 Reserved Resources Due to the built in in circuit debugging capability of ICD devices and the ICSP function offered by the debugger the PICkit 2 Debug Express uses some on chip resources when debugging It also uses program memory and file register locations in the target device during debugging These locations are not available for use by user code In MPLAB IDE registers marked with an R in register displays represent reserved registers For information on device resources that are needed for in circuit debugging please refer to the MPLAB ICD 2 Help found the MPLAB IDE under Help Topics The device reserved resource information found under Resources Used By MPLAB ICD 2 is the same for the PICkit 2 Debug Express 4 4 3 Using an ICD Header All Baseline and some Mid Range PIC microcontrollers require a special ICD device mounted on a debug header circuit board to enable the debugging feature For a list of these devices and the required ICD header board part number please see the Header Board Specification 0551292 The Header Board Specification is included on the PICkit 2 CD ROM and is available online at www microchip com DS51553E page 32 2008 Microchip Technology Inc 2 Debug Express Each ICD header board comes with the necessary device and is used
46. CLK OR PGC AND ICSPDAT OR PGD PINS The ICSPCLK or PGC and ICSPDAT or PGD pins need to be isolated from the application circuit to prevent the programming signals from being affected by the application circuitry ICSPCLK or PGC is a unidirection synchronous serial programming clock line from the programmer to the target ICSPDAT or PGD is a bidirectional synchronous serial programming data line If the design permits dedicate these pins for ICSP However if the application circuit requires that these pins be used in the application circuit design the circuitry in a manner that does not alter the signal level and slew rates Isolation circuitry will vary according to the application Figure 3 1 shows one possibility by using series resistors to isolate the ICSP signals from the application circuit DS51553E page 28 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Using In Circuit Serial Programming T 34 VDD During ICSP programming the device needs to be powered in accordance with the device specification Typically the device supply voltage is connected to the application circuit supply voltage The application circuit can be powered by the PICkit 2 or exter nally There are a few precautions that need to be observed in the situations covered in the following three sections 3 4 1 The application circuit is powered by the PICkit 2 The PICkit 2 supply voltage may set between the maximum and minimum voltages allowed by the device p
47. Ctrl c 7 3 3 Her Mode The UART Tool Hex mode displays the hex values of bytes received from the target s UART in the terminal display A line of bytes received by the UART Tool is preceded with the text RX A line of bytes transmitted by the UART Tool is preceded with the text TX In Figure 7 5 the four hex bytes 0x50 0x4B 0x53 and 0x41 were received from the target 0x50 was received first The three bytes 0x70 0x6B and 0x32 were then transmitted 0x70 first In Hex mode bytes may only be transmitted one way by typing a sequence of one or more hex values in one of the four Send Hex Seguences boxes To send a sequence click Send next to it hex sequence may contain from 1 to 48 bytes The Echo On checkbox has no function in Hex mode Data in the terminal display may be selected highlighted with the cursor and copied into the clipboard by right clicking and selecting Copy or pressing lt Ctrl gt lt c gt DS51553E page 68 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 UART Tool FIGURE 7 5 PICKIT 2 TOOL WINDOW HEX MODE 3 PICkit 2 UART Tool R 50 4 53 41 TX 70 6B 32 8 data bits parity 1 Stop bit ASCII newline 0x0D 0 0 Mode Send Hex Sequences Wrap Text Connect 2 VDD amp target VDD Send 7 3 4 Wrap Text This checkbox affects both modes ASCII and HEX When checked a displaye
48. Hex Write Device again If an error is encountered during hex file importing or device programming the application will automatically exit this feature mode 2 12 2 Read Device Export Hex File Button When clicked this button will read the target device and open an Export Hex File dialog 2 13 2 CALIBRATION AND UNIT ID The PICkit 2 VDD may be calibrated to account for variations in the unit hardware and the USB voltage of the port it is connected to A Unit ID string may also be assigned to a PICkit 2 unit to provide unique identification 213 1 Calibrating the PICkit 2 Calibration allows greater accuracy both in the Vpp voltage supplied to the target from PICkit 2 and the voltage detected on a powered target and reported in the software The calibration is stored in the PICkit 2 unit nonvolatile memory so the unit will remain calibrated even when used from within MPLAB IDE Itis important to note however that as the calibration is dependent on the USB voltage moving the PICkit 2 unit to a different USB port to or from a USB hub or to another computer port may invalidate the calibration To calibrate the PICkit 2 unit a multi meter or other means of accurately measuring voltages is required Disconnect the PICkit 2 unit from the target and select Tools gt Calibrate Vdd amp Set Unit ID to bring up the calibration wizard Follow the steps in the wizard to complete the calibration process Note Ev
49. Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 31 PICkit 2 User s Guide 4 3 4 4 INSTALLING THE HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE Install the PICkit 2 hardware as specified in Section 2 2 Installing the PICkit 2 Hardware Note Debug Express requires 4 7k Ohm pull down resistors on ICSPCLK and ICSPDAT Newer PICkit 2 units have a Red button and have the pull downs internally Older PICkit 2 units have a Black button and require that the pull downs be added on the target board Obtain a copy of the MPLAB IDE software application from the Microchip website or CD ROM enclosed with the kit and install it as directed Note Debug Express requires MPLAB IDE version 7 50 or later USING PICKIT 2 DEBUG EXPRESS 4 4 1 Determining Device Support For a list of current devices supported by PICkit 2 Debug Express see the Readme for PICkit 2 htm file in the Readmes subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory When selecting a device as discussed in Section 4 5 Debug Express Tutorial the Select Device dialog shown in Figure 4 11 shows the level of support for the selected device by Debug Express In the Debuggers section of the dialog the color of the circle next to 2 indicates the support level Red The device is not currently supported by PICkit 2 Debug Express Yellow The device has beta support in PICkit 2 Debug Express Green The device has full support in PICkit 2 Debug Express
50. Milan Tel 39 0331 742611 Fax 39 0331 466781 Netherlands Drunen Tel 31 416 690399 Fax 31 416 690340 Spain Madrid Tel 34 91 708 08 90 Fax 34 91 708 08 91 UK Wokingham Tel 44 118 921 5869 Fax 44 118 921 5820 01 02 08 DS51553E page 82 2008 Microchip Technology Inc
51. Table of Contents EE see ec acne E 1 Chapter 1 2 Programmer Debugger Overview 7 1 2 PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger Contents 7 1 3 2 Development Programmer Debugger 7 1 4 PICkit 2 Programmer Application 10 Chapter 2 2 Programmer Getting Started Ng 15 2 2 Installing the PICkit 2 Hardware 15 2 3 Installing Launching the PICkit 2 Programmer Application 16 2 4 Connecting to the Device 16 2 5 Selecting Target Power 18 2 6 rriporting a Flex File 19 2 7 Writing the Program to the Device asus a 20 2 8 Verifying the Device L 23 2 9 Reading Device Memory M OY 23 2 10 Gode Protecting the Device etait cias 23 2 11 Erasing and Blank Checking the Device se 24 2 12 Automating Write Read Procedures eins 24 2 13 PICkit 2 Calibration and Unit ID 25 Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP aa 27 3 2 Isolate VPP MCLR POrFt Pin
52. Tool Click Exit to close the UART Tool window and return to the PICkit 2 Programmer application main window The UART Tool terminal display data and settings will be preserved during any programming operations until the UART Tool is re entered If the PICkit 2 application is closed the UART Tool settings including String Macros and Hex Sequences will be saved and restored for the next time the UART Tool is used The terminal display buffer text and data is not saved when the application is closed DS51553E page 70 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Appendix A MPLAB IDE Reference A 1 INTRODUCTION In MPLAB IDE you first select PICkit 2 supported device and then PICkit 2 from either the Debugger or Programmer menu to add debugging or programming functions to MPLAB IDE respectively The functions made available are summarized here For more information about using the PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger with MPLAB IDE see Chapter 4 PICkit 2 Debug Express Debugging Functions Programming Functions Settings Dialog In addition PICkit 2 will be added to the MPLAB IDE status bar and a PICkit 2 tab will be added to the Output dialog See also Chapter 5 Troubleshooting for FAQs on using PICkit 2 Debug Express and descriptions of PICkit 2 MPLAB IDE error codes 2 DEBUGGING FUNCTIONS When you select PICkit 2 from the Debugger menu debug items will be added to
53. a hex file or by clicking Read to read the device memory The origin of the code is displayed in the Source block The Program Memory window displays the program code in hexadecimal The code may be edited in the window The checkbox next to the Program Memory window is only available on devices with EEPROM data memory If the box is checked then Program Memory User IDs and Configuration Words are written to read from and verified on the device If the box is unchecked then Program Memory User IDs and Configuration Words will not be erased or altered during a Write Device operation and will not be read or verified The checkbox does not affect Erase Device or Blank Check operations Both memory window checkboxes may not be cleared at the same time For supported serial EEPROM devices the device contents are displayed in the Pro gram Memory window instead of the Data EEPROM Memory window for easier viewing in the larger display area 1 4 9 Data EEPROM Memory Similar to Program Memory above data EEPROM code can be loaded into the PICkit 2 Programmer application by selecting File gt Import HEX to import a hex file or by clicking Read to read the device memory The origin of the code is displayed in the Source block The Data EEPROM Memory window displays the program code in hexadecimal The code may be edited in the window The check box next to the EEPROM Data window controls whether the EEPROM Data memory is written read and verified
54. age 34 2008 Microchip Technology Inc 2 Debug Express Pass Count set on breakpoint type pass countis the number of times the breakpoint condition is met before it halts execution For example setting a pass count of 2 on a Program Memory breakpoint means that instruction will execute twice without halting execution and the third time the instruction is executed the breakpoint will halt execution The default pass count for all breakpoints is 0 which means execution will halt the first time the breakpoint is encountered If advanced breakpoints are supported by the current device the MPLAB IDE menu option Debugger gt Advanced Breakpoints will be available to open the advanced breakpoint dialog If the current device does not support advanced breakpoints this menu option will be grayed out or absent Select the breakpoint to edit with the Break Point combo box FIGURE 4 4 ADVANCED BREAKPOINTS DIALOG PICkit 2 Advanced Breakpoints NOTE Program Memory breakpoints may nof be set cleared edited in this dialog except for the Pass Count Break Point 1 v v Set Breakpoint in File Registers Access Type Read File Register Address 0 58 Pass Count 0 0 255 Note The Advanced Breakpoint dialog will display breakpoints already set Program Memory However the dialog be used to set clear
55. ams gt Microchip gt PICkit 2 The programming interface appears as shown Figure 2 1 A listing of its features and functions be found Section 1 4 PICkit 2 Programmer Application FIGURE 2 1 PICkit 2 PROGRAMMING APPLICATION ME PICKit 2 Programmer o Fie Device Family Programmer Tools Help Midrange Configuration Device PIC16F690 Configuration OFFF User IDs FF FF FF FF Checksum FFFF PICkit 2 found and connected N PIC Device Found MICROCHIP Fe n 5 0 Read Write Verify Erase Blank Check MCLR Y Program Memory Enabled Hex Only iv Source None Empty Erased 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF EEPROM Data Auto Import Hex Enabled Hex Only v Write Device FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF Read Device 4 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF Esport Hex File FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF EE FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF iw PICkit 2 CONNECTING TO THE DEVICE The PICkit 2 is capable of programming a variety of Flash based Microchip PIC micro contro
56. arget device has its own power supply or needs to be powered by the programmer on each operation Force PICkit 2 The PICkit 2 will always attempt to supply VDD to the target device Force Target The PICkit 2 will always assume the target has its own power supply Calibrate amp Set Unit ID Opens a wizard that steps the user through calibrat ing the PICkit 2 VDD supplied voltage so it is more accurate and optionally assigning a Unit ID to identify between multiple PICkit 2 devices Use VPP First Program Entry When checked it allows the PICkit 2 to connect to and program devices with configurations and code that interferes with the ICSP signal pins preventing PICkit 2 from detecting them Using this feature requires that the PICkit 2 supplies VDD to the target Fast Programming When checked the PICkit 2 will attempt to program the device as fast as possible When unchecked the PICkit 2 will slow down ICSP communication This may be helpful for targets with loaded ICSP lines Check Communication Verifies USB communication with the PICkit 2 and ICSP communication with a target device by attempting to identify the connected device by its device ID UART Tool Puts the PICkit 2 in UART Mode and opens a terminal like interface for communicating with a PIC MCU device program through the USART pins See Chapter 7 PICkit 2 UART Tool for more information Troubleshoot Opens a wizard to
57. ble on Microchip s website MPLAB IDE allows the PICkit 2 to be used as an in circuit debugger as well as a programmer for selected devices only In circuit debugging allows you to run examine and modify your program while the device is embedded in your target hardware This greatly assists you in debugging your firmware and hardware together Special PICkit 2 Debug Express software interacts with the MPLAB IDE application to run stop and single step through programs One or more breakpoints can be set and the processor can be reset Once the processor is stopped the register s contents can be examined and modified For more information on how to use MPLAB IDE reference the following documentation MPLAB IDE User s Guide 0551519 MPLAB IDE Quick Start Guide DS51281 MPLAB IDE On line Help 4 2 PICkit 2 DEBUG EXPRESS KIT CONTENTS The 2 Debug Express kit DV164121 contains the following items 1 The 2 Development Programmer Debugger 2 USB cable 3 44 Pin Demo Board with device 4 2 Starter Kit and MPLAB IDE CD ROMs The following boards may also be used to debug To use the Low Pin Count Demo Board from the Starter Kit the AC162061 ICD Header and AC164110 adapter will be required To use the Explorer 16 board be aware that the connector labeled PICKIT2 incorrectly shows the location of PICkit 2 pin 1 on the silkscreen That is pin 1 is actually pin 6 2008
58. can t close the Help gt About dialog Answer These issues are frequently caused by non standard monitor DPI settings This can be corrected by setting the DPI to the Normal setting 96 do this 1 Right click on the Windows desktop background and select Properties from the pop up menu This will open the Display Properties dialog 2 Inthe Display Properties dialog select the Settings tab 3 this tab click Advanced to open the Monitor dialog 4 Inthe Monitor dialog select the General tab 5 this tab change the setting to Normal size 96 6 Click Apply then the OK button to close the dialog 7 Click OK to close the Display Properties dialog It may be necessary to restart the PC for the changes to take effect 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 53 PICkit 2 User s Guide Memory Locations are marked RR Question Why does the File Register window or Program Memory show some locations marked with RR Answer These are locations that are reserved by ICD debuggers including PICkit 2 Debug Express during debugging for the debug executive See Section 4 4 2 Reserved Resources Debug Express is Slow Question Why is debugging with PICkit 2 so slow Answer Opening the View gt File Registers or View gt Special Function Registers windows in the MPLAB IDE can significantly slow down debugging due to the volume of information being exchanged tho
59. cted Use VPP First Program Entry CHIP Device Found E Fast Programming UART 50 Check Communication Program Memory Troubleshoot Download PICkit 2 Operating System Enabled Hex Only v 5 3 Browse to the directory where the latest firmware OS file was saved 4 Select the PK2 hex file and click on the Open button The progress of the OS update will be displayed in the status bar of the program ming software and the Busy LED on the PICkit 2 will flash When the update completes successfully the status bar will display Operating System Verified and the Busy LED will go out The firmware OS update is then complete 6 3 UPDATING THE PICkit 2 OS MPLAB IDE When PICkit 2 is chosen as either the debug tool or programmer in MPLAB IDE MPLAB IDE will check the firmware version of the PICkit 2 to see if it is the latest ver sion If not it will attempt to automatically download the latest version Its progress is recorded in the Output window on the PICkit 2 tab Figure 6 3 FIGURE 6 3 UPDATE PICkit 2 OS PROGRESS Output BAX Build Version Control Find in Files PICkit 2 Initializing PICkit 2 version 0 0 3 12 Found PICkit 2 Operating Syam Version 1 20 0 m PKWarn0001 There is a newe PICkit 2 Operating lt Downloading PICkit 2 OS 2 20 0 Target power not detected Powering from PICkit 2 PICkit 2 Ready
60. d the device will be unable to enter debug mode In the MPLAB IDE Configuration Bits dialog these bits are usually referred to as the Comm Channel Select bits 4 4 5 Debug Express Breakpoints The number of active breakpoints supported by PICkit 2 Debug Express depends on the target device Most Baseline and Mid Range devices support 1 breakpoint with more breakpoints supported in some PIC18 and 16 bit devices The number of active breakpoints available for the current device in MPLAB IDE can be seen by selecting Debugger gt Breakpoints This will open a dialog Figure 4 3 showing any currently set breakpoints in Program Memory The Active Breakpoint Limit text box shows how many total breakpoints are available for the current device The Available Breakpoints text box shows how many breakpoints are currently unused FIGURE 4 3 BREAKPOINTS DIALOG FOR PIC16F887 Breakpoints Break at Program Memory Breakpoints Remove Active Breakpoint Limit Available Breakpoints 1 1 Heb Some 18 16 bit devices also support advanced breakpoints Advanced break points allow breakpoints to be setin File Register memory will halt execution when a specific File Register is read from or written to This breakpoint may also be set soit will only halt when specific value is read from or written to register Additionally DS51553E p
61. d line will automatically wrap at the right edge of the terminal display If unchecked then a received line will not wrap and a horizontal scroll bar will appear in the terminal display to allow the entire line to be viewed The terminal display will keep the last 200 lines of received data in the buffer The ver tical scroll bar may be used to view previous data or text 7 3 5 The Log to File button allows all text and data to be saved to a text file as it appears on the display Log to File Click Log to File to bring up a Save File dialog Specify the file location and name and click Save While the terminal display is being saved to the log file the Log to File button will turn green and display the text Logging Data Figure 7 6 FIGURE 7 6 LOG TO FILE IS ACTIVE Send Hex Sequences Send Wrap Text kaa Send Send Exit UART Tool 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 69 PICkit 2 User s Guide stop logging data from the display close the log file click Logging Data Note Only data appearing on the display after the log file is opened will be written to the log file Existing data is not saved To save existing data use Copy and Paste 7 3 6 Clear Screen Clear the Clear Screen button to clear all text or data from the terminal display window If data is being logged to a file clearing the screen will not affect the log file 7 3 7 Exit UART
62. e Breakpoints Remove enable or disable all breakpoints Run To Cursor Run the program to the current cursor location Formerly Run to Here A 2 3 Toolbars When PICkit 2 is selected as a debugger these toolbars are displayed in MPLAB IDE Standard debug toolbar Run Halt Animate Step Into Step Over Step Out Reset PICkit 2 debug toolbar Program Read Read EEData Connect PROGRAMMING FUNCTIONS When you select PICkit 2 from the Programmer menu program items will be added to the following MPLAB IDE functions Programmer Menu Toolbar A 3 1 Programmer Menu Program Program memory areas program memory EEDATA memory Configuration bits and ID locations Read Read memory areas program memory EEDATA memory Configuration bits and ID locations Verify Verify programming of memory areas program memory EEDATA memory Configuration bits and ID locations Erase Erase all data on the device including program memory EEDATA memory ID and Configuration bits Blank Check Check to see that all device memory is erased blank Read EEDATA Read EEDATA memory Connect Establish communications between the PICkit 2 and the PC Download OS Download PICkit 2 operating system firmware Release from Reset Set MCLR to VDD 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 73 PICkit 2 User s Guide Hold Reset Set MCLR to ground zero Settings Open the PICkit
63. e PICkit 2 UART Tool Window I 66 Appendix A MPLAB IDE Reference 1 Introduction 71 2 Debugging Functions c 71 A 3 Programming FunctioriS 73 PA Settings Dialog ETT 75 Appendix PICkit 2 Schematics 7 ed TA 79 Worldwide Sales and Service 82 rFnxwHsss lt ass Tn ss DS51553E page iv 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 MICROCHIP USER S GUIDE Preface NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS documentation becomes dated and this manual is no exception Microchip tools and documentation are constantly evolving to meet customer needs so some actual dialogs and or tool descriptions may differ from those in this document Please refer to our web site www microchip com to obtain the latest documentation available Documents are identified with a DS number This number is located on the bottom of each page in front of the page number The numbering convention for the DS number is DSXXXXXA where is the document number is the revision level of the document For the most up to date information on development tools see the MPLAB IDE on line help Select the Help menu and then Topics to open a list of available on line help files INTRODUCTION This chapter co
64. eck Program Memory v Enabled Hex Only AN VDD PICkit 2 Source C xamples 07 Reversible Reversible HEX x 0n MCLR 000 008 010 018 020 028 030 1683 30F7 01 3 0000 OFAL 1824 1985 2812 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 30FF 009E 01A4 149F 281 2830 1024 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 0085 1283 0822 1C9F 300D 1985 1003 1422 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 0187 1303 0087 281 0041 2832 1C23 1422 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3010 3001 0000 081 0 0 1424 2839 2812 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 009F 009F 0000 0041 2824 30FF 0 2 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF EEPROM Data Enabled Hex nly 1283 3008 0000 OFAO OBAL 0643 1803 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF Auto Import Hex Write Device FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF Read Device 4 Esport Hex File 2 PICkit 2 Programmer application will warn you if the hex does not contain any Configuration Words You can be sure these are included the file by selecting File gt Export MPLAB IDE to save file including configuration memory For MPLAB IDE usage see Chapter 4 PICkit 2 Debug Express
65. en when calibrated the 2 Vpp voltage is limited by the available USB port voltage PICkit 2 is unable to provide VDD voltage greater than a Schottky diode drop below the USB port voltage This voltage can be as low as 4 2 Volts especially in laptop computer ports 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 25 PICkit 2 User s Guide 213 2 The PICkit 2 Unit ID During the calibration procedure the string to identify it uniquely 2 may optionally be assigned Unit ID Once assigned the PICkit 2 Unit ID will display in the PICkit 2 Programmer software title bar and in the Status Window when first connecting to the PICkit 2 An example is shown in Figure 2 19 where the Unit ID is Lab B 1 The Unit ID is also displayed in the MPLAB IDE Output window when first selecting PICkit 2 as a Programmer or Debugger FIGURE 2 19 UNIT ID PICkit 2 Programmer Lab B 1 El File Programmer Midrange Configuration Device Family Device No Device Found User IDs FF FF FF FF Checksum 00 PICkit 2 connected ID Lab B 1 Tools Help Configuration 0000 AN VDD 2 5 0 On Blank Check FT DS51553E page 26 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSPTM 3 1 INTRODUCTION
66. er gt Select Tool gt None 2 Select PICkit 2 as programmer in the Programmer gt Select Programmer menu 3 Optional Set up the ID Configure gt ID Memory Figure 4 25 FIGURE 4 25 USER ID MEMORY User ID Memory User ID 7F7F7F7F Use Unprotected Checksum Cancel Help 4 Set up the parameters for programming on the Programmer gt Settings Program tab 5 Select Programmer gt Program Now the target will run independently DS51553E page 48 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 5 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter describes questions and answers to common problems associated with using the PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger It also gives information on the PICkit 2 Debug Express MPLAB IDE errors Frequently Asked Questions PICkit 2 Debug Express MPLAB IDE Errors 5 2 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Device is Not Recognized Current Limit Exceeded Microsoft Windows Driver Verify and Read Return All Zeros Microsoft Windows 95 98 NT VDD VPP Errors Programming Errors Windows Error Unrecognized USB Device PICkit 2 Not Found PICkit 2 Programmer Application Locks Up Low Pin Count Demo Board Push Button Not Working Using the Demo Board Lessons Programming Fails on Configuration Unable to Program PIC10F Devices The PICkit 2 AUX Pin PICkit 2 HEX File Format Window Display Problems Memory L
67. evert the VDD mode back to PICkit 2 supplied VDD if a target power supply is no longer detected FIGURE 1 5 TARGET SUPPLIED Vpp Midrange device found ss DD Target Read Write Verify Erase Blank Check pm 1 4 6 Device MCLR State The MCLR checkbox shown in Figure 1 4 and Figure 1 5 has the same functionality as the menu selection Programmer gt Hold Device in Reset When the box is checked the target device will be held in Reset When unchecked the target circuit is allowed to pull MCLR up to VDD to release the device from Reset This function can be used to prevent a device from executing code before and after programming Note If the target device allows the MCLR pin to be configured as an input port and it is configured as such PICkit 2 will not be able to hold the device in Reset 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 13 PICkit 2 User s Guide 1 4 7 Memory Source The Source bar displays the source of the currently loaded device data If read from hex file it will display the hex file name If read from a device it will display the part name None Empty Erased indicates the buffers are empty and it will display Edited once Program Memory or Data EEPROM Memory has been edited in the window 1 4 8 Program Memory Program code can be loaded into the PICkit 2 Programmer application by selecting gt HEX to import
68. failed to complete a debug operation such as a Halt or Step operation Suggested Actions See PK2Error0028 Suggested Actions PK2Error0030 Failed to read target file registers Description PICkit 2 Debug Express was unable to complete read of one or more target File Registers Suggested Actions See PK2Error0028 Suggested Actions PK2Error0031 I O Operation timeout Description A PICkit 2 USB operation timed out Suggested Actions Try the operation again If it continues to fail remove the PICkit 2 unit from USB and the target board reboot the PC reconnect the PICkit 2 unit to USB and retry the operation If this does not work try updating the firmware using the PICkit 2 Programmer application PK2Error0032 Failed Blank Check Address Expected Value Value Read Description A Blank Check operation failed The error message specifies the memory type and address involved and gives the expected blank value and the value actually read Note 2 Debug Express will terminate the Blank Check operation upon the first incorrect value read from the target Only this first incorrect value will be reported There may be others Suggested Actions Try erasing the device If the device is not blank after an erase check the ICSP connections as described in Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Pro gramming ICSP If the target device has AVDD AVss pins check that these are properly connected Ve
69. guration Bits Untitled Worksp ole ID Memory Settings Build Version Control Find in Files Files 9 Symbols PIC16F887 DS51553E page 36 2008 Technology Inc 2 Debug Express 3 Inthe Select Device dialog Figure 4 6 click on the Device drop down list and select your device In this tutorial choose the PIC16F887 device FIGURE 4 6 SELECT DEVICE DIALOG Select Device Device Device Family PIC16F887 v a iv Microchip Tool Support Programmers PICSTART Plus MPLABICD 2 PICkit2 PRO II MPLAB PM3 MPLAB REAL ICE Language and Design Tools ASSEMBLER v5 05 COMPILER vol Debuggers MPLAB SIM MPLABICD2 PICkit2 MPLAB REAL ICE MPLAB ICE 2000 MPLAB ICE 4000 MPLAB ICD Header Pcm16YRO No Module No Header 4 No other changes need to be made in this dialog box Click OK 4 5 2 Selecting PICkit 2 as the Debug Tool 1 Select Debugger gt Select Tool gt PICkit 2 MPLAB IDE will add PICkit 2 debug fea tures Figure 4 7 A the status bar will show PICkit 2 as the debug tool B a PICkit 2 debug toolbar will be added C the Debugger menu will change to add PICkit 2 debug functions and D the Output window will display communication status between the PICkit 2 and the target board on the PICkit 2 tab
70. he following sections For more information on how to install and use the PICkit 2 Programmer application see Chapter 2 PICkit 2 Programmer Getting Started Figure 1 3 PICkit 2 Programmer Application 2 Programmer E File Device Family Programmer Tools lt Menu Bar Midrange Configuration Device PIC16F690 Configuration OFFF lt Device Configuration User IDs FFFFFFFF Checksum FFFF 4 Status Window PICkit 2 found and connected PIC Device Found AN MICROCHIP CL 4 VDD Progress Bar LJ On 5 0 Read Write Verify Erase Blank Check MCLR Device VDD Program Memory Enabled Hex Source None Empty Erased 4 Memory Source 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF SERE Program Memory 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF 3FFF EEPROM Data Auto Import Hex Enabled Hex Only v Wiite Device 00 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF Read Device 4 10 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF Export Hex File E 20 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF ir FF FF FF FF E 30 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF PICkit 2 EEPROM Data Memory
71. help with troubleshooting connectivity from the PICkit 2 to the target device This is most useful where the programmer is unable to detect the target device at all Download 2 Programmer Operating System Performs a download of the PICkit 2 operating system firmware Help PICkit 2 User s Guide Attempts to launch the user s guide PDF Adobe9 Reader must be installed 44 Pin Demo Board Guide Attempts to launch the 44 Pin Demo Board User s Guide PDF Adobe Reader must be installed LPC Demo Board Guide Attempts to launch the Low Pin Count Demo Board User s Guide PDF Adobe Reader must be installed PICkit 2 Programmer on the web Opens www microchip com pickit2 in the default web browser Readme Opens the PICkit 2 Readme txt file About Opens a dialog with the PICkit 2 Programmer application version device file version and firmware version 1 4 2 Device Configuration The Device Configuration window displays the device User ID Configuration Word and Checksum It also displays OSCCAL and Band Gap for parts with those features For baseline 12 bit core devices serial EEPROM devices and 5 devices you must select the device from the Device drop down menu DS51553E page 12 2008 Technology Inc 2 Programmer Debugger Overview All other part family devices will be detected their device ID the name will be di
72. hnology Inc DS51553E page 57 PICkit 2 User s Guide the target board has its own power supply this pin must always be connected to the target VDD supply 7 The PICkit 2 unit has become disconnected from the target board or has an inter mittent connection on one or more pins Check the PICkit 2 connections to the target board 8 The incorrect Linker Script was used The i ICD linker script must be used when debugging For example 16F887i lkr must be used instead of 16F887 Ikr 9 The target application is attempting to use resources reserved for the debug executive causing the debug executive to become corrupted For example the target application is writing to a reserved File Register See Section 4 4 2 Reserved Resources 10 For PIC24 and dsPIC DSC devices the incorrect PGXn EMUXn port is selected in the Comm Channel Select Configuration bits Check that the port the PICkit 2 Debug Express is connected to is selected 11 A configuration setting may be preventing the target from operating properly and executing code The target will not enter Debug mode if it is unable to execute code 12 The device is code protected Check Configuration bits for code protect settings 13 An operation may be attempting in an invalid context For example PICkit 2 Debug Express cannot set a breakpoint if the target application is currently running PK2Error0029 Failed PICkit 2 operation Description PICkit 2 Debug Express
73. icrochip Technology Incorporated in the U S A Analog for the Digital Age Application Maestro CodeGuard dsPICDEM dsPICDEM net dsPICworks dsSPEAK ECAN ECONOMONITOR FanSense In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP ICEPIC Mindi MiWi MPASM MPLAB Certified logo MPLIB MPLINK mTouch PICkit PICDEM PICDEM net PICtail PIC logo PowerCal Powerlnfo PowerMate PowerTool REAL ICE rfLAB Select Mode Total Endurance UNI O WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A and other countries SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U S A All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies 2008 Microchip Technology Incorporated Printed in the U S A All Rights Reserved Printed recycled paper Microchip received ISO TS 16949 2002 certification for its worldwide headquarters design and wafer fabrication facilities Chandler and Tempe Arizona Gresham Oregon and design centers in California and India The Company s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC MCUs and dsPIC DSCs KEELOQ code hopping devices Serial EEPROMs microperipherals nonvolatile memory and analog products In addition Microchip s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001 2000 certified DS51553E page ii 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE
74. ject gt Build All to rebuild the project and then select Debugger gt Program to reprogram the device using the 2 14 Select Debugger gt Run to the run the program Again the program will stop after it reaches the breakpoint 15 Examine the values in the Watch window This time ADCONO should be 0x41 Figure 4 24 FIGURE 4 24 ADCON CORRECT VALUE Watch Woe ADCONO ADCON1 ADRESH Watch 1 Watch 2 Watch Watch 4 16 Right click on the line of code that marked by the breakpoint and select Remove gt Breakpoint or double click on the line to remove the breakpoint 17 Select Debugger gt Run to run the program real time Turn the potentiometer RP1 to change the value displayed on the LEDs Now it works The source code in this tutorial contained only one bug However real code may have more Using MPLAB IDE with PICkit 2 debugging functions you can successfully find and fix problems in your code 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 47 PICkit 2 User s Guide 4 5 10 Programming the Debugged Application When the program is successfully debugged and running the step is to program the device for stand alone operation in the finished design When doing this the resources reserved by the ICD are released for use by the application To program the application use the following steps 1 Disable PICkit 2 debug tool selecting Debugg
75. k Next Windows OS will automatically install the appropriate driver Do not use Microchip s MPLAB ICD 2 USB device driver Verify and Read Return All Zeros Question When Verify or Read are clicked the Program Memory window comes up with all zeros What is wrong Answer The device may be code protected Ensure code protection has not been selected in the Configuration Word Microsoft Windows 95 98 NT Question Can run on Windows 95 98 NT Answer No These operating systems either do not support USB or have drivers that are not compatible VDD VPP Errors Question Why do keep getting a VDD Error or VPP Error Answer This error indicates that the PICkit 2 is not able to drive Vpp or VPP to the intended volt age Check the circuit board for shorts for large current draw and verify that the target device is connected to the PICkit 2 in accordance with Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP Make sure that VDD capacitance is not reducing the VDD rise time longer than 500 us DS51553E page 50 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Troubleshooting Programming Errors Question Why am able to program some parts but not others Answer If some parts are configured for Low Voltage Programming a floating PGM pin can interfere with programming Use a resistor to pull this pin low when programming Some Mid Range parts such as the PIC16F72 73 74 76 77 family and PIC16F737 747 767 7
76. l warn the user before attempting to erase the device 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 29 PICkit 2 User s Guide 3 5 Vss The power supply ground reference Vss must be at the same potential as the application circuit 3 6 CABLE LENGTHS Minimize the distance the ICSP signals must travel by placing the ICSP connector as close to the application circuit device as possible Minimize any cable length between the PICkit 2 and application circuit device The goal is to keep the ICSP signals within the level and slew rate specifications for successful programming 3 7 SERIAL EEPROM AND KEELOQ HCS DEVICES The programming signals and connections for these devices are different than those for microcontrollers as described in Section 3 1 Introduction and Figure 3 1 See the PICkit 2 Programmer Readme file Help gt Readme for programming signal connectivity for these devices Additionally these devices are not intended to be programmed in circuit Attempting to program serial EEPROM devices while in circuit may fail due to conflicts with other devices on the serial bus rr c Fssr s s s sI DS51553E page 30 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Chapter 4 PICkit 2 Debug Express 4 1 INTRODUCTION In addition to the PICkit 2 Programmer application the PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger may be used with MPLAB IDE the free integrated develop ment environment availa
77. llers and serial EEPROM devices Supported devices are listed in the PICkit 2 Readme file on the CD ROM which can also be viewed by selecting Helo gt Readme When the PICkit 2 Programmer application is first opened it will attempt to identify the connected device by the device ID and display it in the Configuration window as shown in Figure 2 2 DS51553E page 16 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 Programmer Getting Started FIGURE 2 2 IDENTIFY DEVICE Wi PICkit 2 Programmer File Device Family Programmer Tools Midrange Configuration Device PIC16F690 Configuration OFFF User IDs FF FF FF FF Checksum FFFF PICkit 2 found and connected Device Found MICROCHIP If the device on the target is not correctly identified check the target power Section 2 5 Selecting Target Power and device ICSP connections before attempting to reselect or change the device At any time the device family may be selected to search for connectivity to a device in that family To connect to a device once the application is already running select the device family by clicking on the Device Family menu as shown in Figure 2 3 FIGURE 2 3 SELECT DEVICE FAMILY PICkit 2 Programmer J File Device Family Programmer Tools Help Midn Baseline Dev Midrange PIC18F Configuration 03 PIC18F_J_
78. n made click Back to return to any of the previous steps in the Project Wizard Figure 4 14 Otherwise click Finish FIGURE 4 14 PROJECT WIZARD SUMMARY Project Wizard Summary Click Finish to create configure the project with these parameters Project Parameters Device PIC16F887 Toolsuite Microchip MPASM Toolsuite File C Program Files Microchip PICkit 2 v2 DBE new workspace will be created and the new project added to that workspace 4 5 4 Viewing the Demo Project After completing the project setup and exiting the Project Wizard the Project window will display in the MPLAB IDE desktop window Figure 4 15 If it is not open select View gt Project to open it If needed files can be added to or removed from the project using the Project Window Right click on the file in the Project Window tree to display a pop up menu with options that include adding or removing files r c sn 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 41 PICkit 2 User s Guide FIGURE 4 15 PROJECT WINDOW FILE MENU gt pict 6F887 Debug Demo mcw BAX PIC16F887 Debug Demo mcp Source Files 2 16F887Det Header Files object Files Build Options Assemble Library Files Linker Script Other Files Edit Remove Files oy Symbols 4 5 5 Creating a Hex File To create a hex file for programming the device
79. nal out When being used with the UART Tool the PICkit 2 may not be able to supply VDD volt age to the target depending on the application version See the version Release Notes in the PICkit 2 Readme file However even when PICkit 2 is not supplying the target VDD the PICkit 2 VDD pin must be connected to the target VDD voltage or it will not be able to communicate The PICkit 2 UART Tool will work with target VDD voltages from 2 5 Volts to 5 0 Volts FIGURE 7 1 PICkit 2 UART TOOL Pin 1 Indicator Pin Description 1 No Connect 2 VDD Target 3 Vss ground 4 RX PICkit 2 In 5 TX PICkit 2 Out 6 No Connect O O1 OO N The 6 pin header 0 100 spacing accepts 0 025 square pins 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 65 PICkit 2 User s Guide 7 3 The format of the serial signals on pins 4 and 5 is inverted such that a Start Bit logic low Vss and a Stop Bit logic high Vpp serial data format is always 8 data bits no parity with one stop bit The BUSY LED on the PICkit 2 unit acts as an activity light for the serial connection Note Even though PICkit 2 may not supply the target Vpp the PICkit 2 Vpp pin must be connected to the target Vpp voltage or it will not be able to communicate CAUTION The PICKIT 2 UART Tool is intended for use at logic level signals only DO NOT connect the PICkit 2 UART
80. nd MPLIB and MPLAB LIB30 object librarians Emulators The latest information on Microchip in circuit emulators This includes the MPLAB REAL ICE and MPLAB ICE 2000 in circuit emulators In Circuit Debuggers The latest information on the Microchip in circuit debuggers This includes the MPLAB ICD 2 and PICkit 2 MPLAB IDE The latest information on Microchip MPLAB IDE the Windows Integrated Development Environment for development systems tools This list is focused on the MPLAB IDE MPLAB IDE Project Manager MPLAB Editor and MPLAB SIM simulator as well as general editing and debugging features Programmers The latest information on Microchip programmers These include the MPLAB PM3 device programmer and the PICSTART Plus PICkit 1 and PICkit 2 development programmers 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 5 PICkit 2 User s Guide CUSTOMER SUPPORT Users of Microchip products can receive assistance through several channels Distributor or Representative Local Sales Office Field Application Engineer Technical Support Customers should contact their distributor representative or field application engineer FAE for support Local sales offices are also available to help customers A listing of sales offices and locations is included in the back of this document See our web site for a complete up to date listing of sales offices Technical support available through the
81. nd the Busy LED on the PICkit 2 will flash When the update completes suc cessfully the text in the PICkit 2 tab will state that PICkit 2 Ready and the Busy LED will go out The firmware OS update is then complete 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 63 PICkit 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51553E page 64 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Chapter 7 PICkit 2 UART Tool 7 1 INTRODUCTION The PICkit 2 Programmer application versions 2 40 and later include the UART Tool feature This feature allows PICkit 2 to be used as serial UART terminal interface for communicating with a PIC microcontroller Potential uses include Displaying debug text output from the microcontroller Logging microcontroller data to a text file Developing and debugging a microcontroller UART interface Interfacing with and sending commands to the microcontroller during development The tool supports full duplex asynchronous serial communications from 150 to 38400 baud including custom non standard baud rates The PICkit 2 connects via the ICSP connector directly to microcontroller TX and RX pins at logic levels No transceiver is needed 7 2 CONNECTING THE PICkit 2 UART TOOL The PICkit 2 connects to the target serial port target as shown in Figure 7 1 The PICkit 2 TX signal out should connect to the target RX signal in and the PICkit 2 RX signal in should connect to the target TX sig
82. ng a programming operation the PICkit 2 application user interface is inactive Until the programming operation is com plete the Windows OS may stop updating the PICkit 2 if another application is brought into focus or the PICkit 2 has just been brought back into focus Once the programming operation is complete the application window will update For large memory parts pro gramming may take several minutes For 8 bit devices try waiting at least 2 minutes before concluding the software has truly locked up For 16 bit devices try waiting 5 minutes for the operation to complete 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 51 PICkit 2 User s Guide There few USB controller chipsets that appear to cause lockup problems with the PICkit 2 which seem to be more common in laptops This can usually be worked around by connecting a USB hub between the PC and the PICkit 2 unit or using USB Cardbus adapter Using a USB hub with an external power supply is recommended Low Pin Count Demo Board Push Button Not Working Question When run the Low Pin Count Demo Board Lessons why doesn t the push button work Answer When programming the lessons from within MPLAB IDE the IDE always maintains an output voltage on the PICkit 2 MCLR VPP pin On the Low Pin Count and 28 pin Demo Boards the push button signal is connected to the MCLR signal The PICkit 2 output interferes with the push button signal Use the PICkit 2 P
83. ng the PICkit 2 as serial UART terminal interface for communicating with a PIC microcontroller Appendix A MPLAB IDE Reference Describes how the 2 Programmer Debugger works with MPLAB IDE Appendix PICkit 2 Schematics Illustrates the PICkit 2 Programmer Debugger hardware schematic diagrams DS51553E page 2 2008 Technology Inc CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE Preface The following conventions may appear in this documentation DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS Description Represents Examples Arial font Italic Referenced books IDE User s Guide Emphasized text is the only compiler Initial caps A window the Output window A dialog the Settings dialog A menu selection select Enable Programmer Quotes A field name a window or Save project before build dialog Underlined italic with right A menu path File Save angle bracket Bold characters A dialog button Click OK A tab Click the Power tab Text in angle brackets lt gt A key on the keyboard Press Enter F1 Courier New font Plain Sample source code define START Filenames autoexec bat File paths c Nmcc18Nh Keywords asm _endasm static Command line options Opa Opa Bit values 0 1 Constants OxFF A Italic A variable argument file o where file can be any valid filename Square brackets Optional arguments
84. ns Use a target VDD voltage within the given range If the target VDD is close to one limit but within the given limits and this error appears try calibration the PICkit 2 unit with the PICkit 2 Programmer software so the target voltage is read more accurately PK2Error0024 PICkit 2 was unable to establish a valid Vpp on the target Attempted V Read V Description PICkit 2 was unable to provide the intended VDD voltage to the target This is usually caused by a heavy VDD load Suggested Actions Power the target board externally and or try calibrating the PICkit 2 unit with the PICkit 2 Programmer software PK2Error0025 Failed to load PICkit 2 Description PICkit 2 Debug Express encountered a fatal error while attempting to load in the MPLAB IDE Suggested Actions This is likely caused by an incomplete or corrupted installation See PK2Error0003 Suggested Actions PK2Error0027 Failed verify Address Expected Value Value Read Description A verify operation failed The error message specifies the memory type and address involved and gives the expected value and the value actually read A ver ify operation on a previously programmed and code protected part will fail as the code protection feature returns all zeroes when the memory is read Note PICkit 2 Debug Express will terminate the verify operation upon the first incorrect value read from the target Only this first incorrect value will be reported There may be
85. nstruction Step Over F8 In C code steps over the current line of code Step Out Not available Reset F6 Issue a Reset sequence to the target processor This issues a MCLR to reset the Program Counter to the Reset vector Breakpoints Open the Breakpoint dialog Set enable or disable breakpoints in this dialog For more information on this dialog see the MPLAB IDE on line help file Note You may also right click or double click on a line of code to set a simple breakpoint Program Download your code to the target device Read Read target memory Information uploaded to MPLAB IDE Read EEData Read target EEData memory Information uploaded to MPLAB IDE Connect Attempt to establish or re establish communications between the PC and PICkit 2 The progress of this connection is shown on the PICkit 2 tab of the Output dialog Download OS Download the latest PICkit 2 operating system Settings Open the PICkit 2 Settings dialog see Section A 4 Settings Dialog Set up automatic options and enable disable warnings A 2 2 Right Mouse Button Menu The following will appear on the right mouse menus in code displays such as program memory and source code files Set Remove Breakpoint Set or remove a breakpoint at the currently selected line DS51553E page 72 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MPLAB IDE Reference Enable Disable Breakpoint Enable or disable a breakpoint at the currently selected lin
86. ntains general information that will be useful to know before using PICkit 2 Items discussed include Document Layout Conventions Used in this Guide Warranty Registration Recommended Reading The Microchip Web Site Development Systems Customer Change Notification Service Customer Support 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 1 PICkit 2 User s Guide DOCUMENT LAYOUT This document describes how to use the PICkit 2 as a development tool to emulate and debug firmware on a target board The manual layout is as follows Chapter 1 PICkit 2 Programmer Debugger Overview Provides overview of the PICkit 2 Programmer Debugger Chapter 2 PICkit 2 Programmer Getting Started Provides Instructions on how to get started using the PICkit 2 Programmer Debugger to program Flash based PIC Microcontroller Units MCUs Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP Describes pro gramming with the PICkit 2 Programmer Debugger using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP Chapter 4 PICkit 2 Debug Express Provides a tutorial on using the PICkit 2 Debug Express debugger program Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Provides information on solving common problems and Debug Express errors Chapter 6 Updating the PICkit 2 Operating System Provides instruction on how to update your PICkit 2 Programmer Debugger s Operating System Chapter 7 PICkit 2 UART Tool Provides information on usi
87. o install the PICkit 2 hardware Plug one end of the USB cable into PICkit 2 USB connector Plug the other end into a USB port on your PC Connect the PICkit 2 to a target board via a 6 pin connector The target board can be the included demo board or any target equipped with the appropriate 6 pin connector Do not connect the PICkit 2 to a target board that has its own power supply if it is not connected to a powered USB port To connect the PICkit 2 to a target with an MPLAB ICD 2 style RJ 11 connector the AC164110 RJ 11 to ICSP Adapter kit is required When plugging the 2 into the USB it is recommended to disconnect it from any target board first Similarly when starting up or rebooting the host PC ensure it is disconnected from a target For more information about the PICkit 2 hardware see Section 1 3 PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 15 PICkit 2 User s Guide 2 3 2 4 INSTALLING AND LAUNCHING THE PICkit 2 PROGRAMMER APPLICATION Insert the PICkit 2 Starter Kit CD ROM into the CD ROM drive In a few moments the introductory screen should be displayed Follow the directions on the screen for installing the PICkit 2 Programmer application If the introductory screen does not appear browse to the CD ROM directory and open the PICkit Starter Kit Welcome htmfile Once installed start the PICkit 2 Programmer application by selecting Start gt Progr
88. ocations are marked RR Debug Express is Slow Debug Express Overshoots Breakpoint Device is Not Recognized Question Why am receiving a No Device Found message Answer Verify that the device is supported and that the target MCU is connected to the PICkit 2 in accordance with Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP Verify that 8 PIC24X and dsPIC33F devices have an appropriate capacitance on the VDDCORE VCAP pin in accordance with the device data sheet Verify that the device is a member of the currently active family displayed at the top of the Status window Select the correct family from the Device Family menu if needed See also the Programming Fails on Configuration topic 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 49 PICkit 2 User s Guide Current Limit Exceeded Question Why am receiving the error message USB Hub Current Limit Exceeded from the Microsoft Windows program Answer Verify that the application circuit is not drawing more than 25 mA from the PICkit 2 Microsoft Windows Driver Question After plugging the PICkit 2 unit into the USB port Windows 98 SE asks for a driver Where is the driver Answer The PICkit 2 uses the drivers included with Windows 98 SE When Windows 98 SE prompts for a driver select Search for the best driver for your device Then select the checkbox next to Microsoft Windows Update and clic
89. of the window 7 3 1 Setting the Baud Rate and Connecting The baud rate may be selected from the combo box in the upper left corner ofthe UART Tool window Several common baud rates are listed and by selecting Custom any baud rate from 150 to 38400 in 1 baud increments may be used Figure 7 3 FIGURE 7 3 BAUD RATE SELECTION Select Baud Once a custom baud rate has been set it will be available as the last item in the baud rate selection box Figure 7 4 Only one custom baud rate may be set at a time Select Custom again to change the custom baud rate FIGURE 7 4 CUSTOM 14400 BAUD RATE Select Baud v After selecting the baud rate click Connect to enable the UART Tool serial interface at the selected baud Once the serial interface has been enabled it may be disabled by clicking Disconnect The baud rate may only be changed while the interface is disconnected 7 3 2 ASCII Mode When ASCII mode is selected serial bytes received from the target s UART are dis played as ASCII characters in the main window terminal display All bytes are displayed consecutively To display a new line the target UART must transmit the character val ues 0 00 carriage return and OKOA line feed in sequence If one of these values is sent or they are sent in reverse order the character s will appear as an unprintable character box in the display Bytes may be transmitted in three wa
90. ogrammer application may read and re write EEPROM data memory during a Write to preserve it It is not allowed to have both memory regions unchecked 2 7 2 Automatic File Reload Prior to each Write the imported hex file time stamp is compared to the version on the disk If the version on the disk is newer it is reloaded This occurs only when a hex file has been read from the disk This feature ensures that the latest version built will be written to the device It may be used with the Tools Program on Button feature to program the latest MPLAB IDE build without switching to the PICkit 2 Programmer software simply by pressing the PICkit 2 unit push button DS51553E page 22 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 Programmer Getting Started 28 THE DEVICE Verify function verifies that the program device memory matches the file imported into the PICkit 2 Programmer application It compares all areas of memory including program memory data EEPROM memory ID and Configuration bits To verify the code import the file and click Verify Figure 2 14 Note that a Write operation is automatically verified if Programmer gt Verify on Write is checked FIGURE 2 14 BUTTONS VERIFY Case J ves If the code is the same the status bar turns green and displays Device Verified If a discrepancy is found the status bar turns red and displa
91. ogrammer application is launched it will check the firmware ver sion of the 2 to see if it is the latest version If not it will attempt to automatically download the latest version Figure 6 1 FIGURE 6 1 UPDATE PICkit 2 OS WARNING Update Operating System PICkit 2 Operating System must be updated before it can be used with this software version Click OK to download a new Operating System OK Cancel If there is an error in the automatic download if you need a different operating system OS or if you have been instructed to do so you may manually update the OS To update the PICkit 2 firmware OS manually complete the following steps 1 Download the latest PICkit 2 firmware OS from the Microchip web site at www microchip com and place the file in the PICkit 2 installation directory default the location is C Program Files Microchip PICkit 2 v2 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 61 PICkit 2 User s Guide 2 Select Tools gt Download PICKit 2 Operating System as shown in Figure 6 2 FIGURE 6 2 DOWNLOAD 2 OS E Wi PICkit 2 Programmer El File Device Family Programmer Tools Help Midrange Configuration Enable Code Protect Ctrl P Device PIC16F887 Enable Data Protect Ctrl D User IDs FF FF FF FF t VOD S b Checksum 28FF ake Calibrate VDD amp Set Unit ID PICkit 2 found and conne
92. onfiguration bits are erased All memory regions will be examined regardless of the state ofthe Program Memory and EEPROM Data Enabled checkboxes To Blank Check the device click Blank Check Figure 2 17 2 12 AUTOMATING WRITE READ PROCEDURES The PICkit 2 Programmer application has two buttons for automating multiple functions DS51553E page 24 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 Programmer Getting Started FIGURE 2 18 AUTOMATING BUTTONS Write Device Read Device PICkit 2 2 1241 Auto Import Hex Write Device Button This features allows the PICkit 2 Programmer application to automatically import a hex file and write it to a connected device when the hex file is updated for example on a new firmware build To use this feature click Auto Import Hex Write Device This will bring up an Import Hex file dialog defaulting to the first hex file in the file history under the File menu After selecting a file it will be written to the device The PICkit 2 Programmer application will now monitor the selected hex file for updates When the file has been updated has a newer time stamp the application will automatically re import the hex file and write to the target device While this feature is enabled other programming operations are disabled The Auto Import Hex Write Device button will remain depressed while this feature is active To stop using this feature click Auto Import
93. ot work try updating the firmware using the PICkit 2 Programmer application PK2Error0020 Failed PICkit OS verify Address Read Expected Description The download of a PICkit 2 Operating System to the PICkit 2 unit failed Suggested Actions Remove the PICkit 2 unit from USB and the target board reboot the PC reconnect the PICkit 2 unitto USB and retry the operation If this does not work try updating the firmware using the PICkit 2 Programmer application PK2Error0021 Unable to exit bootloader Description PICkit 2 Debug Express failed to exit the PICkit 2 bootloader mode after downloading a PICkit 2 Operating System to the unit Suggested Actions Remove the PICkit 2 unit from USB and the target board reboot the PC reconnect the PICkit 2 unitto USB and retry the operation If this does not work try updating the firmware using the PICkit 2 Programmer application PK2Error0022 PICkit 2 not found Description MPLAB IDE is not able to detect the PICkit 2 device on any USB port Suggested Actions See PK2Error0008 Suggested Actions PK2Error0023 Target VDD measured at X XV which is outside the operational range of this device minV maxV Description The target power supply is outside the voltage range supported by PICkit 2 for the current device This may be due to device Bulk Erase limitations or PICkit 2 hardware limitations DS51553E page 56 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Troubleshooting Suggested Actio
94. others Suggested Actions Ensure the device is not code protected Check the ICSP connec tions as described in Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP TV If the target device has AVDD and 55 pins check that these are properly connected Verify that PICT8FXXJXX PIC24X and dsPIC33F devices have an appropriate capac itance on the VDDCORE VCAP pin in accordance with the device data sheet Some PIC18F devices may require up to 10 uF of capacitance on the VDD pin to program properly PK2Error0028 Unable to enter debug mode Description PICkit 2 Debug Express is unable to connect to the debug executive in the target device Suggested Actions Common reasons for this error 1 If the target is a Baseline or Mid Range device PIC12F PIC16F it may require an ICD header to debug with See Section 4 4 3 Using an ICD Header 2 device oscillator is not working Check the Configuration bits and ensure the device has a working oscillator 3 Make sure to select Debugger gt Program in MPLAB IDE before trying to run or step your code 4 If you have a PICkit 2 with a black colored push button you may need pull down resistors to debug reliably See Section 4 3 Installing the Hardware and Software 5 The target board is not powered or is not powered properly Check the power supply 6 The PICkit 2 VDD output pin has not been connected to the target board Even if 2008 Microchip Tec
95. ow Select Configure gt Configuration Bits to open the window Figure 4 17 The following Configuration bits should now be set for this tutorial Config1 Oscillator Internal RC No Clock Watchdog Timer Off Power Up Timer On Master Clear Enable MCLR is external Code Protect Off Data EE Protect Off Brown Out Detect BOD and SBOREN Disabled Internal External Switch Over Mode Disabled Monitor Clock Fail safe Disabled Low Voltage Program Disabled DS51553E page 42 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 Debug Express Config 2 Self Write Enable No Protection Master Brown out Reset Sel Bit Brown out at 2 1V FIGURE 4 17 CONFIGURATION BIT SETTINGS Configuration Bits Leg Configuration Bits set in code Category Setting Oscillator Internal RC No Clock Watchdog Timer Off Power Up Timer On Master Clear Enable ZMCLR is external Code Protect Off Data EE Read Protect Off Brown Out Detect BOD and SBOREN disabled Internal External Switch Over Mode Disabled Monitor Clock Fail safe Disabled Low Voltage Program Disabled Brown Out Reset Sel Bit Brown out at 2 1 Self Write Enable No protection 4 5 7 Loading Program Code for Debugging To program the device select Debugger Program to program the 16F887Demo hex file into the PIC16F887 on the 44 Pin Demo Board Programming will only take a few seconds During programming
96. p 5 Add the project source file Figure 4 13 From the left pane window go to C Program Files Microchip PICkit 2 v2 DBE Demo Select and highlight the 16F887Demo asm file and click Add The file will be placed into the right pane window Note Other files can be added later The allows MPLAB IDE to decide whether the path to the file should rela tive or absolute for the project For a description of and how to change to other possible file addition modes see the MPLAB IDE documentation Do not change the setting for this project Click Next to continue to the Summary window Note For projects containing more than one assembly file e g multifile projects C code project you will also need to add a linker script file See the language tool documentation for more details DS51553E page 40 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 Debug Express 4 13 STEP FOUR ADD FILES Project Wizard Step Four E existing files to your project d s PICkit 2 v2 C Program Files Microchip PICKit DBE Demo 16F887Dem DBE Demo DBE Examples SK Examples 44 Pin Demo Low Pin Count L E PICkit 2 Readme E PICkit2 User Gu E PICkit2 ini F PlCki2V2 exe gt gt Cons 6 If any errors have bee
97. ram mode entry will usually get around the problem but it requires that the target device be powered from the PICkit 2 unit VDD pin DS51553E page 52 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Troubleshooting Unable to Program PIC10F Devices Question Why won t my PIC10F parts program in the Low Pin Count Demo Board Answer The Low Pin Count Demo Board supports 8 pin devices The PIC10F parts are 6 pin devices even though they can be ordered in an 8 pin DIP The PIC10F pinout is not compatible with the Low Pin Count Demo Board Instead the AC163020 PIC10F2XX Programming Adapter should be used The PICkit 2 AUX Pin Question What is the AUX pin for How do connect it Answer The PICkit 2 AUX pin is not used for programming PIC microcontrollers and should be left unconnected The AUX pin is only used when programming some Serial EEPROMS See the PICkit 2 Readme file Help gt Readme for EEPROM connection information PICkit 2 HEX File Format Question What HEX file format does the PICkit 2 Programmer application use Answer The PICkit 2 Programmer application uses the Intel Hex 32 Format often referred to as INHX32 However PICkit 2 does not support record types 03 and 05 Least Significant Bytes are at lower hex file addresses little Endian format Window Display Problems Question Why is the PICkit 2 Programmer application displaying Program Memory and or Data locations as all periods Why
98. rify that PICT8FXXJXX PIC24X and dsPIC33F devices DS51553E page 58 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Troubleshooting have an appropriate capacitance on the VDDCORE VCAP pin in accordance with the device data sheet Some PIC18F devices require up to 10 uF of capacitance on the pin to erase properly PK2Error0033 User aborted operation Description This error is usually given if PICkit 2 Debug Express has popped up a warning and the user opted to cancel the current operation For example PICkit 2 Debug Express may warn that a debug target cannot be programmed with the MCLR pin disabled If the user clicks Cancel in the warning dialog the programmed operation will be aborted with this error Suggested Actions None PK2Error0034 Failed to Initialize Description A PICkit 2 Debug Express component was unable to complete its initialization sequence Suggested Actions This is likely caused by an incomplete or corrupted installation See PK2Error0002 Suggested Actions PK2Error0035 Failed to retrieve XML Data node PK2Error0036 Failed to open PK2 Script File filename PK2Error0037 PK2 Script File structure size mismatch struct internal size file size PK2Error0038 Unable to fit block in IO buffer MemType Direction Blocksize Description PICkit 2 Debug Express internal error Suggested Actions This is likely caused by an incomplete or corrupted installation See PK2Error0002 Suggested Actions PK2E
99. rogrammer software application to program and run the Low Pin Count Demo Board Lessons Additionally future versions of the MPLAB IDE will optionally allow the MCLR VPP pin to be tri stated when the device is Released from Reset Check Programmer gt Settings for this option Note that this option would not apply during debugging Using the Demo Board Lessons Question Where are the included lessons Is there any documentation on them Answer The Starter Kit and Debug Express kit lessons may be installed from the included PICkit 2 CD ROM The lessons will be installed to the local hard drive under C NPk2 LessonsN The documentation for the lesson projects is in the user s guide for the included demo Board For the Starter Kit see the Low Pin Count Demo Board User s Guide DS51556 For the Debug Express Kit see the 44 Pin Demo Board User s Guide DS41296 Both of these documents may be opened from the PICkit 2 Programmer Help menu Programming Fails on Configuration Question Why does programming a device always fail on the Configuration Word s after which PICkit 2 won t recognize the device Answer This may be caused by a Configuration setting or program code that affects the ICSP PGD and pins This interference can prevent the target PIC MCU from entering programming mode Check the menu option Tools gt Use VPP First Program Entry when attempting a pro gramming operation on these devices This prog
100. rogramming specification unless the minimum is below 2 5V Be sure to set the voltage box to the appropriate voltage before programming the device or turning on Vpp CAUTION The USB port current limit is set to 100 mA If the target plus the programmer exceeds this current limit the USB port may turn off The target may be powered externally if more power is required Note Current draw should be limited to 25 mA when using the programmer to power the application circuit Ensure that the application circuit does not slow the VDD rise time to longer than 500 us 3 4 2 The application circuit is powered externally The PICkit 2 may be used with application circuits powered externally between 5 0V and 2 5V 3 4 3 Bulk Erase is used Some devices use a Bulk Erase function to erase program memory data EEPROM memory ID locations and Configuration bits Typically the Bulk Erase function requires a supply voltage of 4 5 to 5 5 Volts refer to the device programming specification for device specific requirements This voltage range can be a problem if the application circuit is designed to operate at a different supply voltage range In order to Bulk Erase the device the application circuit needs to take into consideration the Bulk Erase voltage requirement while protecting any voltage sensitive circuitry Ifthe application circuit VDD is below the minimum required for the Bulk Erase a dialog wil
101. rrent condition or problems with a USB hub DS51553E page 54 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Troubleshooting Suggested Actions Ensure the target board does not pull more than 25 mA of current from the 2 If it does use an external power supply with the target board A target board may interfere with PICkit 2 enumerating on USB When connecting PICkit 2 to a USB port booting or restarting a connected PC ensure the PICkit 2 is dis connected from the target board If the PICkit 2 is connected to a USB hub try connecting the PICkit 2 directly to a PC USB port When using PICkit 2 as a programmer or debugger in the MPLAB IDE do not run the PICkit 2 Programmer application or PK2CMD at the same time If the problem persists try connecting to PICkit 2 using the PICkit 2 Programmer application PK2Error0010 Failed to unload PICkit 2 Description MPLAB IDE was unable to disconnect from PICkit 2 as a debugger or programmer when switching to the other tool mode Suggested Actions Disconnect the PICkit 2 from USB reboot the computer then reconnect PICkit 2 to USB ensure the PICkit 2 is not connected to a target board If the problem persists contact Microchip PK2Error0011 PICkit 2 is already busy Unable to perform requested task Description PICkit 2 Debug Express has been asked to perform an operation while it is busy servicing a prior request For example a programming operation may still be process when
102. rror0039 Not halted in debug executive Description An operation was attempted that can only be completed when the target is halted while the target is running application code This may occur if PICkit 2 Debug Express is unable to halt the target Suggested Actions Halt the target before attempting the operation again PK2Error0040 Operation not supported for current device Description The attempted debug operation is not supported for the current target Suggested Actions None PK2Error0041 Failed to create Stream PK2Error0042 Failed Stream Read PK2Error0043 Failed IStream Write PK2Error0044 Failed IStream Open PK2Error0045 No STATSTG PK2Error0046 Failed IStream Read PK2Error0047 Failed Stream Write Description PICkit 2 Debug Express internal error Suggested Actions This is likely caused by an incomplete or corrupted installation See PK2Error0002 Suggested Actions 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 59 PICkit 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51553E page 60 2008 Microchip Technology Inc MICROCHIP PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE Chapter 6 Updating the PICkit 2 Operating System 6 1 INTRODUCTION How to update the operating system firmware for the PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger is described here Updating the PICkit 2 OS PICkit 2 Programmer Application Updating the PICkit 2 OS MPLAB IDE 6 2 UPDATING THE PICkit 2 OS PICkit 2 PROGRAMMER APPLICATION When the PICkit 2 Pr
103. s and information easily available to customers Accessible by using your favorite internet browser the web site contains the following information Product Support Data sheets and errata application notes and sample programs design resources user s guides and hardware support documents latest software releases and archived software General Technical Support Frequently Asked Questions FAQs technical support requests online discussion groups Microchip consultant program member listing Business of Microchip Product selector and ordering guides latest Microchip press releases listing of seminars and events listings of Microchip sales offices distributors and factory representatives DEVELOPMENT SYSTEMS CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION SERVICE Microchip s customer notification service helps keep customers current on Microchip products Subscribers will receive e mail notification whenever there are changes updates revisions or errata related to a specified product family or development tool of interest To register access the Microchip web site at www microchip com click on Customer Change Notification and follow the registration instructions The Development Systems product group categories are Compilers The latest information on Microchip C compilers and other language tools These include the MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 C compilers MPASM MPLAB ASM30 assemblers MPLINK and MPLAB LINK30 object linkers a
104. sful build device with the updated code Run after successful When a device program successfully immediately attempt to run the program program Output to debug Output debug information to a file whenever the program is run A 4 2 Warnings Tab This tab of the PICkit 2 Settings dialog allows you to enable or disable warning messages displayed in the Output window To enable disable specific messages click the check box next to the message to check uncheck it To enable disable all messages click Check All Uncheck All 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 75 PICkit 2 User s Guide NOTES DS51553E page 76 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 USER S GUIDE MICROCHIP Appendix B PICkit 2 Schematics PICkit 2 Development Programmer Debugger schematic diagrams are shown here Demo board schematics are found in their respective user s guides PICkit 2 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM PAGE 1 OF 2 FIGURE B 1 vos Jus sa Q 105 105 w 7 9 8 99 ov T 262192 oA ri on ri gsn d vo 019 e Ed ad guum d 9N asm ae asn 8Sn E E za 191 A 950
105. shown in Figure 2 8 FIGURE 2 8 IMPORT HEX FILE i PICkit 2 Programmer Device Family Programmer Tools Import Hex Export Configuration 3FFF 0700 Exit Checksum 2 Example source code and hex files may be found under the Install Lessons directory for the appropriate kit demo board on the PICkit 2 Starter Kit CD ROM The hex file Reversible hex from the folder 07 Reversible will be used 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 19 DS51553E page 20 PICkit 2 User s Guide Browse for the hex file and click Open The code is displayed in the Program Memory and EEPROM Data windows The name of the hex file is displayed in the Source block under Program Memory Note FIGURE 2 9 EXAMPLE HEX FILE IMPORTED The example lesson code is meant to be installed to the local hard drive from the CD ROM using the Setup files in the CD ROM directory Install Lessons The lessons are covered in the user s guide for the included kit Demo Board and this guide should be read before using the lesson projects and source code PICkit 2 Programmer File Device Family Programmer Tools Midrange Configuration PIC16F690 FF FF FF FF BD50 Device Configuration 0004 User IDs Checksum Hex file sucessfully imported Read Write Verify Erase Blank Ch
106. splayed on the Device line 1 4 3 Status Window The status window displays text status of the operations in progress If an operation is successful the status window will display a green background If an operation fails the status window will display red If an operation alerts a caution the status window will display yellow 1 4 4 Progress Bar The progress bar displays the progress of an operation 1 4 5 Device VDD The PICkit 2 may be turned and off by clicking the checkbox On The voltage may be setin the box on the right either by typing it directly or using the up down arrows to adjust it a tenth of a volt at a time The maximum and minimum allowed voltages will vary depending on the target device Ifthe On checkbox is unchecked PICkit 2 will automatically turn on the Vpp at the set voltage during any requested programming operation FIGURE 1 4 2 SUPPLIED Vpp Midrange device found Co VDD PICkit 2 1 On 5 0 Read Write Verify Erase Blank Check MCLR If the target device has its own power supply then the PICkit 2 will display the detected VDD voltage in the box on the right which will be grayed out to prevent being changed The checkbox text changes to check and clicking on the checkbox will update the detected VDD voltage value If Target Vpp gt Auto Detect is selected clicking on the checkbox will r
107. stop after 11 it reaches the breakpoint Examine the values of the ADCONO and ADCON 1 registers in the Watch window The ADCONO value is 0x40 b 01000000 This corresponds to the hex value designated in the program However this is not correct A review of the PIC 16F882 883 884 886 887 Data Sheet 0541291 Analog to Digital A D Converter Module section indicates that the last bit should be a 1 5 01000001 to turn on the A D module To fix this bug change moviw 0x40 to movlw 0x41 as shown in Figure 4 23 DS51553E page 46 2008 Microchip Technology Inc PICkit 2 Debug Express FIGURE 4 23 A D MODULE CODE CA M6F887DEMO ASM SetupAnalogPins banksel ANSEL address Register Page 2 bsf STATUS RP1 moviw 0 01 configure Port pin 0 Analog movwf ANSEL movlw 0x00 remaining pins are all digital movwf ANSELH SetupA2D banksel ADCONI address Register Page 1 moviw 0 00 AZD Left Justified references are mowvvrf ADCON1 banksel ADCONO address Register Page 0 moviw 0 41 movvrf ADCONO configure AZD for Fosc 8 Channel 0 InitRegisters banksel Display moviw 0 80 movvrf Display clrf Direction clrf LookingFor Looking for 0 on the button MainLoop v ram 2 12 Select File gt Save to save your changes 13 You must rebuild the project reprogram the device for the changes to take effect Select Pro
108. tem 1 3 4 Programming Connector The programming connector is a 6 pin header 0 100 spacing that connects to the target device See the pinout specification in Figure 1 2 For more information on how to use the PICkit 2 with In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP refer to Chapter 3 Using In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP DS51553E page 8 2008 Microchip Technology Inc 2 Programmer Debugger Overview FIGURE 1 2 PICkit 2 PROGRAMMER CONNECTOR PINOUT Pin 1 Indicator Pin Description 1 VPP MCLR 2 VDD Target 3 Vss ground 4 ICSPDAT PGD 5 ICSPCLK PGC 6 Auxiliary gt O O1 OO N 6 header 0 100 spacing accepts 0 025 square pins Note The programming connector pin functions are different for programming Serial EEPROMS HCS devices See the ReadMe Welo gt Readme included with the PICkit 2 programming software for these pinouts 1 3 5 Lanyard Connection To help prevent possible loss of the PICkit 2 a convenient lanyard connection is available on the programmer 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 9 PICkit 2 User s Guide 1 4 PICkit 2 PROGRAMMER APPLICATION The PICkit 2 Programmer application allows you to program all supported devices listed in the PICkit 2 Readme file The programming interface appears as shown in Figure 1 3 Its controls are listed in t
109. ugh the debugger Use a Watch window instead as discussed in Section 4 5 9 Debugging the PIC16F887 Debug Demo Code The debug interface is also directly affected by the target device oscillator speed When debugging with an oscillator less than 1 MHz a slowdown in debugging performance may be noticed Debug Express Overshoots Breakpoint Question Why isn t PICkit 2 Debug Express stopping on the breakpoint instruction Answer This behavior is referred to as breakpoint skidding and is covered in Section 4 4 6 Breakpoint Skidding 5 3 PICKIT 2 DEBUG EXPRESS MPLAB IDE ERRORS PK2Error0002 Allocation failure Component PK2Error0003 Missing component Component PK2Error0005 Failed to acquire component Component HRESULT PK2Error0006 Failed external call Component Method HRESULT Description An error occurred initializing a PICkit 2 component during an internal operation or when communicating with the MPLAB IDE environment The most probable cause is an incomplete or corrupted installation Suggested Actions 1 Uninstall all versions of MPLAB IDE from the PC 2 Reinstall the desired MPLAB IDE version 3 Ifthe problem persists contact Microchip PK2Error0008 Read failure GetLastError PK2Error0009 Write failure GetLastError Description MPLAB IDE was unable to communicate with the PICkit 2 Possible causes include the PICkit 2 not enumerating properly on USB a target board causing a USB overcu
110. ult this document for more information pertaining to the installation and features of the MPLAB Integrated Development Environment IDE software An on line Help version is also available In Circuit Serial Programmer ICSP Guide 0530277 This document contains helpful design guidelines for successful ICSP programming It includes application notes on hardware designs and the ICSP programming specifications MPASM Assembler MPLINK Object Linker MPLIB Object Librarian User s Guide DS33014 Describes how to use the Microchip PIC MCU assembler MPASM assembler linker MPLINK linker and librarian MPLIB librarian README for PICkit 2 Debug Express For the latest information on using the PICkit 2 Debug Express read the Readme for PICkit 2 htm file an HTML file in the Readmes subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory The Readme file contains updated information and known issues that may not be included in this user s guide Readme Files For the latest information on using other tools read the tool specific Readme files in the Readmes subdirectory of the MPLAB IDE installation directory The Readme files contain updated information and known issues that may not be included in this user s guide DS51553E page 4 2008 Microchip Technology Inc Preface THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE Microchip provides online support via our web site at www microchip com This web site is used as a means to make file
111. ver the In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP connections Debug Target Board The DM164120 2 44 Pin Demo Board with PIC16F887 is shown 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 33 PICkit 2 User s Guide 4 4 4 Configuration Bits Debug Express PIC microcontroller devices that do not require an ICD Header and may be debugged directly contain a DEBUG bit in the Configuration Word s that enables and disables the debug mode on the PIC microcontroller This bit is automatically set appropriately by the MPLAB IDE when using PICkit 2 Debug Express and should not be specified in source code configuration settings A DEBUG configuration bit value should not be specified source code Configura tion settings under normal conditions Doing so may cause the bit to be asserted when programming device outside the debugger This will cause the device to function not all at in the application circuit Many 16 bit PIC microcontroller devices such as PIC24 and dsPIC33 families multiple ICSP programming and debugging port pins labeled PGC1 EMUC1 and PGD1 EMUD1 PGC2 EMUC2 and PGD2 EMUD2 etc While any ICSP port may be used for programming only one port is active at a time for debugging The active EMU port is set in the device Configuration bits If the active port setting does not match the EMU port to which the PICkit 2 is connecte
112. ys 1 Click on the terminal display to select it Any characters typed on the PC keyboard will be immediately transmitted out of PICkit 2 2 Right click on the terminal display and select Paste from the pop up menu to paste any previous copied or cut text Ctrl v may also be used Any pasted data will immediately be transmitted out of PICkit 2 3 Use the String Macros at the bottom of the window 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 67 PICkit 2 User s Guide No transmitted characters will be displayed if the Echo On checkbox is unchecked Check this box to display transmitted characters along with received characters in the terminal display The String Macros at the bottom of the display allow up to four strings of characters to be entered Each string can be up to 60 characters long When Send next to a string is clicked the entire string will be transmitted in sequence out of the PICkit 2 The String Macros strings are saved even when the UART Tool is not in use When checked the Append CR LF checkbox above the string macro boxes will auto matically transmit the carriage return OxOD and line feed 0x0A characters at the end of a string when Send is clicked When unchecked nothing is transmitted after the string characters Text in the terminal display may be selected highlighted with the cursor and copied into the clipboard by right clicking and selecting Copy or pressing
113. ys where the error is located Error in Program Memory Data EEPROM Memory or Configuration Bits Table 2 1 illustrates how Verify is affected by the memory region checkboxes 2 9 READING DEVICE MEMORY To view the code written to the device click Read Figure 2 15 FIGURE 2 15 BUTTONS READ Cone ves ce The code is displayed in the Program Memory and EEPROM Data windows for your review If all zeros are displayed it is possible that the device is code protected See Section 2 10 Code Protecting the Device Table 2 1 illustrates how Read is affected by the memory region checkboxes 2 10 CODE PROTECTING THE DEVICE The Code and Data Protect functions enable the read protection features of the device To protect the program memory code complete the following steps 1 Import hex file 2 Select Tools gt Enable Code Protect as shown in Figure 2 16 3 Click Write Devices that have EEPROM data memory may protect it by selecting Tools Enable Data Protect 2008 Microchip Technology Inc DS51553E page 23 PICkit 2 User s Guide FIGURE 2 16 ENABLE CODE PROTECT Wi PICKit 2 Programmer m E File Device Family Programmer Tools Help Midrange Configuration Enable Code Protect Ctrl P Device PIC16F887 Enable Data Protect Ctrl D User IDs FF FF FF FF Target VDD Source gt Calibrate VDD amp Set Unit ID Checksum

PICkit 2 Programmer/Debugger User's Guide

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