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1. PROMPTS Prompt Description al Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart gt lt Transporter Name Name of the transporter to allocate 5 D a Selection Rule Rule for determining which of the transporters to allocate to the entity xi either Cyclical Random Preferred Order Specific Member Largest a Distance and Smallest Distance S 87 ARENA USER S GUIDE Transport 1 88 Prompt Description Save Attribute Denotes the attribute name that will store the unit number of the selected transporter Unit Number Determines the specific transporter unit in the transporter set to request Priority Priority value of the entity waiting at this module for the transporter specified 1f one or more entities are waiting for the same transporter anywhere in the model Entity Location The location to which the transporter will move after being allocated For free path transporters the entity location must be specified as a station For guided transporters the entity location may be specified as a station intersection or network link Velocity Speed at which the transporter is moved to the entity location in length units per unit time The unit time is specified in the Units field Units Velocity time units Queue Type Type of queue used to hold the entities while waiting to access the transporter either an individual Queue a queue Set an Internal queue or an Attribute or Expres
2. O O P 7 ARENA USER S GUIDE Number of entities that have taken the True branch PE A na a A jr Number of entities that have taken the False branch 32 Decide module DESCRIPTION This module allows for decision making processes in the system It includes options to make decisions based on one or more conditions e g if entity type is Gold Card or based on one or more probabilities e g 75 true 25 false Conditions can be based on attribute values e g Priority variable values e g Number Denied the entity type or an expression e g NQ ProcessA Queue There are two exit points out of the Decide module when its specified type is either 2 way by Chance or 2 way by Condition There is one exit point for true entities and one for false entities When the N way by Chance or by Condition type is specified multiple exit points are shown for each condition or probability and a single else exit The number of entities that exit from each type true false is displayed for 2 way by Chance or by Condition modules only TYPICAL USES m Dispatching a faulty part for rework m Branching accepted vs rejected checks m Sending priority customers to a dedicated process PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Indicates whether the decision is based on a condition if X gt Y or by chance percentage e g 60 yes
3. ro o UJ D 2 o v O O P 7 Attribute Name Name of representative entity attribute s that are assigned to original entities of the group Applies only when Member Attributes is Take Specific Representative Values Assign module DESCRIPTION LEA This module is used for assigning new values to variables entity attributes entity types Assign 1 entity pictures or other system variables Multiple assignments can be made with a single een Assign module TYPICAL USES Accumulate the number of subassemblies added to a part m Change an entity s type to represent the customer copy of a multi page form m Establish a customer s priority 35 ARENA USER S GUIDE 36 PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Assignments Specifies the one or more assignments that will be made when an entity executes the module Type Type of assignment to be made Other can include system variables such as resource capacity or simulation end time Variable Name Name of the variable that will be assigned a new value when an entity enters the module Applies only when Type is Variable Variable Array 1D or Variable Array 2D Row Specifies the row index for a variable array Column Specifies the column index for a variable array Attribute Name Name of the entity attribute that will be assigned a new value when the entity enters
4. 95 ARENA USER S GUIDE 96 PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Distance set name Beginning Station Starting station name Ending Station Ending station name Distance Distance between the beginning and ending station Network module DESCRIPTION The Network module defines a system map that a set of guided transporters will follow A network encompasses the set of links specified in its Network Links repeat group The parameters of a network link e g length intersections directions are defined in the Network Link module TYPICAL USES m Required when using guided vehicles PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Name of the network Network Link Name Name of network link included in the network Network Link module DESCRIPTION The Network Link module defines the characteristics of a guided transporter path between an intersection pair Beginning Intersection Name and Ending Intersection Name The Network module then references a set of network links to define a network that guides transporters follow for movement TYPICAL USES m Required when using guided vehicles 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Name of the network link Type The type of movement through the link Beginning Intersection Name Name of beginning intersection of the intersection pair that the link connects Ending Intersection Name Name of ending intersection of the interse
5. DESCRIPTION The Allocate module assigns a transporter to an entity without moving it to the entity s station location The entity then has control of the transporter to either move it to a particular location or to halt it for a breakdown or failure A particular transporter unit may be allocated to the entity or a selection rule may be used to determine which of the transporters will be assigned to the entity a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 2 D 83 ARENA USER S GUIDE 84 TYPICAL USES A mechanic allocates a forklift for scheduled maintenance m Allocate a taxi to pick up waiting passengers PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Transporter Name Name of the transporter to allocate Selection Rule Save Attribute Unit Number Priority Rule for determining which of the transporters to allocate to the entity The selection rule has the following options Cyclical Random Preferred Order Specific Member Largest Distance and Smallest Distance The attribute name that will store the unit number of the selected transporter Determines the specific transporter in the transporter set to allocate to the entity It is only visible if selection rule is Specific Member Priority value of the entity waiting at this module for the transporter specified if one or more entities are waiting for the same transporter anywhere in the
6. SN a Sst gt 1 SOFTWARE i User s Guide Doc ID ARENA UM001A EN P Rockwell Automation Contacting Rockwell Software Copyright Notice Trademark Notice Warranty Technical Support Telephone 1 440 646 5800 Technical Support Fax 1 440 646 5801 World Wide Web www software rockwell com 2004 Rockwell Software Inc a Rockwell Automation company All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America This manual and any accompanying Rockwell Software products are copyrighted by Rockwell Automation Any reproduction and or distribution without prior written consent from Rockwell Automation is strictly prohibited Please refer to the license agreement for details Commercial runtime models may be legally loaded and run only by employees of organizations with a commercial Arena license Models created using a research licenses may not be used for commercial use Any other use of a runtime model is illegal and unauthorized Commercial Arena software can be obtained by contacting Rockwell Software at 1 412 741 3727 or contacting your local representative listed under partners at www ArenaSimulation com lt http www ArenaSimulation com gt Arena and SIMAN are registered trademarks and the phrase Forward Visibility for Your Business and the Rockwell Software logo are trademarks of Rockwell Software Inc a Rockwell Automation company Microsoft Active X Visio and Visual Basic are registered tr
7. material from the tank e g valves or pumps at a specified rate Semi continuous flow operations may then be executed by discrete entities using the regulators via the Flow module If a system contains both semi continuous batch processes as well as high speed packag ing or filling operations then it may be desirable to use the Flow Process panel with the Arena Packaging template Enable the Packaging Input Connection and or Packaging Output Connection options to connect a Flow Process Tank graphically to a Valve or Machine module in the Packaging panel When an Arena model 1 e doe file is run the simulation results are stored in a Microsoft Access database mdb file by the same name e g the simulation results for Banking doe are stored in Banking mdb If statistics collection for all tanks 1s enabled in 99 o Oo a lo y O N 7 ARENA USER S GUIDE 100 the Project Parameters dialog AND Report Statistics is checked for an individual tank module then Arena will automatically create collect and report statistics for that tank TYPICAL USES PROMPTS Prompt Name Defines a location or holding area where bulk material is stored Defines a tank or vat holding liquids where the regulator represents a valve Defines a fluid like material storage vessel where the regulator represents a gate valve Defines a bulk storage area or pile where the regulator represents a piler reclaimer Description Th
8. symbol names statistical distributions e g NORM 10 2 arithmetic operators e g parentheses logical operators e g GT or gt attributes and variables An expression value may be referenced in another expression but recursive calls to the same expression are not allowed TYPICAL USES m Distribution for an entity arrival m Entity picture values Complex expression for order entry times 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The name of the expression whose characteristics are being defined This name must be unique Row Maximum number of rows in the defined expression Column Maximum number of columns in the defined expression Visible only when the number of rows is specified Expression Value Expression value associated with the expression name Failure module DESCRIPTION The Failure module is designed for use with resources When a failure occurs the entire resource regardless of its capacity is failed Failures are designed to be used with single capacity resources or with multiple capacity resources whose individual resource units all fail at the same time TYPICAL USES m Breakdown information for a machine 66 99 Cash register tape refill every x customers Random computer shutdowns or reboots PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The name of the failure associated with one or more resources Type Determines if th
9. the member requested The entity must have a value for the attribute before utilizing this option Resource Type Type of resource for seizing either specifying a particular Resource selecting from a pool of resources 1 e a resource Set Attribute or Expression Pick Station 1 Prompt Resource Name 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Description Name of the resource to seize Conveyor Name Name of the conveyor to access of Cells Number of contiguous cells the entity requires Connect Type Determines if the entity is to Route Convey or Transport to another station or Connect to another module Move Time Time to route from this module to the destination station Units Time units used for the move time Station Type The entity s destination station type either an individual Station a station based on an Attribute or Expression value or By Sequence Station Name Name of the individual destination station Attribute Name The attribute name that will be evaluated to indicate the station Expression The expression that will be evaluated to indicate the station PickStation module DESCRIPTION The PickStation module allows an entity to select a particular station from the multiple stations specified This module picks among the group of stations based on the selection logic defined with the module The entity may then route transport convey or connect to the station spec
10. 2 Drag a Dispose module to the right of the Decide module Arena will connect it to the Entity flow always 5 T begins with a Create primary True exit point of the Decide module We won t include a graphic display module and termi since you re now familiar with the drag and drop sequence nates with a Dispose module You may 3 To add the second Dispose module once again select the Decide module so that nae a Arena will automatically connect its False exit point to th Di dul d pee re y point to the new Dispose module an you need to generate drag another Dispose module below and to the right of the Decide module entities into the model and to remove them 4 Drag and drop another Dispose module placing it below and to the right of the Decide when their process shape completing the process flowchart ing is complete What is a module In Arena modules are the flowchart and data objects that define the process to be simulated All information required to simulate a process is stored in modules N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 For now we re working with flowchart modules those that are placed in the model window to describe the process In the Basic Process panel these are the first eight shapes Create The start of process flow Entities enter the simulation here Dispose The end of process flow Entities are removed from the simulation here Process An activity usually performed by o
11. 40 no The type can be specified as either 2 way or N way 2 way allows for one condition or probability plus the false exit N way allows for any number of conditions or probabilities to be specified as well as an else exit Conditions Defines one or more conditions used to direct entities to different modules Applies only when Type is N way by Condition Percentages Defines one or more percentages used to direct entities to different modules Applies only when Type is N way by Chance Percent True Value that will be checked to determine the percentage of entities sent out a given True exit If Types of conditions that are available for evaluation Variable Variable Array 1D Variable Array 2D Attribute Entity Type Expression 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL Prompt Description Named Specifies either the name of the variable attribute orentity type that will be evaluated when an entity enters the module Does not apply when Type is Expression Is Evaluator for the condition Applies only to Attribute and Variable conditions Row Specifies the row index for a variable array Applies only when Type is N way by Condition or 2 way by Condition and Variable is Array 1 D or Array 2 D Column Specifies the column index for a variable array Applies only when Type is N way by Condition or 2 way by Condition and Variable is Array 1 D or Array 2 D Value Expression that will be either compared to an at
12. COMEMOS 2 oa ias copo oe See ERs a e 112 IDISCESIS porras Geers neh ee E seno ee eee bis ao ie E 114 ARO rs oa beh ro e E oe ei y ao aiii E 115 Exponential ye gues oe aap res das pd o A oe ane E 116 Er Tania N 117 JOOD OD e s g a by oe oe pn oo ee es Oe oe ee ee 2 118 Pi 4 2 6 4 4 4 d65 45 2 Aare hee eS Shae mae bao eS bore wad ean 119 IN ONAN x5 ceed ech deans bt wo area ee gs SS Fe ee ee eres bore her ae 120 TONS SOM A alae SS 5 8 o ai Sree end 47 SFr ee eS Sok Aare eae 121 A a eae ees bok hd eee 122 UA ON lt lt 2 24 02 atara ebbd nee a hae edb oboe dee r ed 123 Neta rss ae ace de etek tera dG Seated Gece aba a ee aed 124 B Library Shapes and Symbols 127 Arena plb picture fileS o ooooooooooroooo rr 127 Arena plb libraries o ooooooooonono ooo 128 Arena Symbol Pactol Y sonoros cd irad ESES iire hn aa 128 The Symbol Factory application o oooooooooooo ooo ooo 128 C Using Visio and Arena 131 AMO dUCHON c20eeo toate ted bees eeees rece ons a reina a 131 The Visio Process Simulation add 131 Didi adaw co ous urbe lara reis arre 131 vi Place and connect shapes o ooooooooooooo Enter custom properties 0 0 0 0 cee eee ees Add data shapes 0 0 c ccc eens Simulate the process map in Arena 00005 Check the drawing 0 0 0 cece eee Transfer the drawing to Arena o o o ooooooo oo Simulate other Visio drawings o
13. Identifier field so that this object animates the Mortgage Review Clerk 3 Open the Workers picture library by clicking the Open button then browsing to the Workers plb file in the Arena application folder e g C Program Files Rockwell Software Arena and double clicking on it 4 To change the idle picture o Click the Idle button in the table on the left o Select from the picture library table on the right the picture of the worker sitting down o Click the Transfer button between the tables to use the worker picture for the Idle resource state 5 To change the busy picture o Click the Busy button in the table on the left You can plot many expressions on the same set of axes by adding multiple expressions in the Plot dialog Each can be color coded so that you can readily compare data such as workloads in processes waiting customers etc 2 GETTING STARTED o Select from the picture library table on the right the picture of the worker reading a document o Click the Transfer button between the tables to use the selected picture when the Mortgage Review Clerk 1s busy 6 Click OK to close the dialog box All other fields can be left with their default values 7 The cursor will appear as a cross hair Move it to the model window and click to place the Mortgage Review Clerk resource animation picture 8 If you d like to have the clerk appear a bit larger select the picture and use the resize handles to
14. Name This field is visible only if Queue Type is Queue and it defines the symbol name of the queue Set Name This field is visible only if Queue Type is Set and it defines the queue set that contains the queue being referenced Set Index This field is visible only if Queue Type is Set and it defines the index into the queue set Note that this is the index into the set and not the name of the queue in the set For example the only valid entry for a queue set containing three members is an expression that evaluates to 1 2 or 3 51 D e gt a lt o 5 O D a U O O D N 7 ARENA USER S GUIDE 52 Match 1 Prompt Description Attribute This field is visible only if Queue Type is Attribute The attribute entered in this field will be evaluated to indicate which queue is to be used Expression This field is visible only if Queue Type is Expression The expression entered in this field will be evaluated to indicate which queue is to be used Match module DESCRIPTION The Match module brings together a specified number of entities waiting in different queues The match may be accomplished when there is at least one entity in each of the desired queues Additionally an attribute may be specified such that the entities waiting in the queues must have the same attribute values before the match is initiated When an entity arrives at the Match module it is placed in one of up to five
15. Probability Density Function Parameters Range Mean Variance Applications NORMAL Mean StdDev or NORM Mean StdDev f x e O12 Ov 20 for all real x The mean u specified as a real number and standard deviation o specified as a positive real number 00 00 o2 The normal distribution is used in situations in which the central limit theorem applies 1 e quantities that are sums of other quantities It is also used empirically for many processes that appear to have a symmetric distribution Because the theoretical range is from to the distribution should only be used for positive quantities like processing times Poisson 1 POISSON Mean or POIS Mean Probability Mass p x Function o E e e A forxe 0 1 x pay O otherwise Parameters The mean A specified as a positive real number Range 0 1 Mean Variance A A STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS Applications The Poisson distribution is a discrete distribution that 1s often used to model the number of random events occurring in a fixed interval of time If the time between successive events is exponentially distributed then the number of events that occur in a fixed time interval has a Poisson distribution The Poisson distribution is also used to model random batch sizes 121 gt Oo wn ep Y p N O Q 7 ep o le 5 N ARENA USER S GUIDE Triangular a m b TRIANGULAR Min Mo
16. Review Process e rena Time per Entity application You a tai Replications 1 Time Units Hours ost per Entity can use the i Accumulated Cost Key Performance Indicators Other standard Queue All Entities ra window options dh con Non Value Added Cost 0 maximize Other Other Cost 0 minimize etc by ee Transfer Cost 0 clicking on the Cost Value Added Cost 5 541 window control Wait Cost 0 buttons or by Total Cost 5 541 pr GAWN ME All Resources Average window menu Buey Cost 5 541 Idle Cost 199 Usage Cost 0 Total Cost 5 740 d ese cass ave Maudin Ent Cass 700e L4 gt On the left side of each report window is a tree listing the types of information available in the report The project name in our case Mortgage Review 1s listed at the top of the tree followed by an entry for each category of data This report summarizes the results across all replications although in this model we have only one replication Other reports provide detail for each replication By clicking on the entries inside the category sections you can view various types of results from the simulation run The following table illustrates some of the questions you could answer from the Category Overview Report on our simple mortgage application process simulation 20 2 GETTING STARTED Question Report Section Answer On average how long did mortgage Total Time Entity Average 16 51 hrs applications spend in the modeled col
17. a process delay will be incurred with no resource constraints Seize Delay indicates that a resource s will be allocated in this module and delay will occur but that resource release will occur at a later time Seize Delay Release indicates that a resource s will be allocated followed by a process delay and then the allocated resource s will be released Delay Release indicates that a resource s has previously been allocated and that the entity will simply delay and release the specified resource s Applies only when Type is Standard Priority Priority value of the entity waiting at this module for the resource s specified if one or more entities are waiting for the same resource s anywhere in the model Not visible when Action is Delay or Delay Release or when Type is Submodel Resources Lists the resources or resource sets used for entity processing Does not apply when Action is Delay or when Type is Submodel 29 ARENA USER S GUIDE 30 Prompt Description Delay Type Type of distribution or method of specifying the delay parameters Constant and Expression require single values while Normal Uniform and Triangular require several parameters Units Time units for delay parameters Allocation Determines how the processing time and process costs will be allocated to the entity The process may be considered to be Value Added Non Value Added Transfer Wait or Other and the associated cost will be adde
18. according to the maximum rate s of the source regulator and or destination regulator Additionally the flow rate may be further constrained due to starvation or blocking from empty or full tanks The initial maximum rate of a regulator is specified in the Tank module A regulator s maximum rate may be changed during a run using the Regulate module The RegulatorMaxRate Regulator ID function returns the current maximum rate of a regulator The RegulatorRate Regulator ID function returns the current rate of a regulator The actual quantity transferred by an entity in the Flow module may be stored in the Quantity Save Attribute when the entity exits the module TYPICAL USES m Adding material to a tank m Removing material from a tank m Transferring material between two tanks 6 THE FLOW PROCESS PANEL o Oo AL O y O N 7 PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The module s identifier Type The flow type which may be Transfer Add or Remove Flow Destination Source Source Regulator Type Indicates how the source regulator will be specified as Regulator Regulator Set Attribute Expression Regulator Name Name of the source regulator Regulator Set Name Name of the regulator set that contains the source regulator name Set Index Index into the regulator set Attribute Name Name of the attribute that stores the source regulator name Expression Expression that evaluates to the
19. active at the start of the simulation When the entity enters the Stop module the conveyor will stop immediately regardless of the type of conveyor or the number of entities currently on the conveyor TYPICAL USES m Stop a baggage conveyor after a pre determined amount of time m Stop a conveyor for scheduled maintenance 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Conveyor Name Name of the conveyor to stop Transporter flowchart modules Petivate 1 Allocate 1 Activate module DESCRIPTION The Activate module increases the capacity of a previously halted transporter The trans porter unit that is activated will reside at the station location at which it was halted until it is moved or requested by an entity If there is an entity s awaiting a transporter at the time the unit is activated the entity will gain control of the transporter immediately TYPICAL USES Activate a forklift that was down for scheduled maintenance Activate gurneys in an emergency room after cleaning and restocking m Start additional wait staff at a restaurant PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Transporter Name Name of the transporter to activate Unit Number Determines which of the transporter units in the transporter set to activate Allocate module
20. ada meo sae ee eee e 50 THOU oy ote oo eo eh a ae al ed ee eo ee pia oe 50 Vitor e a ge ee ed pa Oe 52 PRON A EE 53 a 24 5 booms berks Bb 4d ooo meee Ses Bh Bee eae Rees 53 Rel bree eh dad Due os Oe eee A eee come eee 55 REMOVO A 56 SOI PETE E E E E a dea pos is E T EEE 37 o eera ba oe eed r a e ona eee 59 Simao crac rios aaa dad ee a bau e oa sees 60 CONTENTS A 61 AAN 61 Adjust Variable 22400048 5e02 i 0eeeeewe ced eee aa 62 Data MOSS oc cn ss nee eek eed Ried a ee OOS ded 63 Advanced A 63 EXPTESSION 6408 405 phi Sie soda be d Boateng de ee oa ida 64 A 26 cae oo boop conde deen oe dt eee de ae hades saa Pee ex 65 PUIG 6 oo 66 ds e ed a Oe eee nee Ade ee Gada eee ee 66 eiie o Bc anek ood bah due oe ea oben Ghee ees E E EE E be 67 SIQUSHO envasadas oe a anh oo bb ee Scab ang eas Ae ra bes 68 O s thu beware gute eae A IN 70 5 e The Advanced Transfer Panel 71 General flowchart modules 71 Piel NR A eae ee TEE 71 WCU E Ga eek od PY a eRe ees Rha eke es E ahi ed 73 PICK olde ocee par ceet ek eca hee wand ee ted Eola peewee eae ee eked 75 PickStation Stations dialog 0 0 0 cee teens 76 ROW score Hees oe eee oe E das Re 71 O aro a a e ie a 78 Conveyor flowchart moduleS o oo o oooooooooor eee eens 79 A A 79 Lo II ee aoe ake eee Oe uee 80 Ps ers a ts oe eee Oa nee a da ee eas 81 SITO ri a e eee 82 OD Seca toy seem ae eee Oe oe eee eee eee ee ee ce 82 Transporter flow
21. an entity During the time when it is idle cost will accumulate based on the idle hour cost The idle cost per hour is automatically converted to the appropriate base time unit specified within the Replication Parameters page of the Run gt Setup menu item 40 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL Prompt Description Per Use Cost of a resource on a usage basis regardless of the time for which it is used Each time the resource is allocated to an entity it will incur a per use cost StateSet Name Name of states that the resource may be assigned during the simulation run Initial State Initial state of a resource If specified the name must be defined within the repeat group of state names This field is shown only when a StateSet Name is defined Failures Lists all failures that will be associated with the resource m Failure Name Name of the failure associated with the resource a Failure Rule Behavior that should occur when a failure is to occur for a busy resource unit Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will be collected automatically and stored in the report database for this resource Variable module DESCRIPTION ro o UJ D 2 o v O O P 7 This data module is used to define a variable s dimension and initial value s Variables can be referenced in other modules e g the Decide module can be reassigned a new value with the Assign module and can be used in any expressi
22. and billing for parallel processing m Separate a previously batched set of documents 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Method of separating the incoming entity Duplicate Original will simply take the original entity and make some number of identical duplicates Split Existing Batch requires that the incoming entity be a temporarily batched entity using the Batch module The original entities from the batch will be split Percent Cost to Allocation of costs and times of the incoming entity to the outgoing Duplicates duplicates This value is specified as a percentage of the original entity s costs and times between 0 100 The percentage specified will be split evenly between the duplicates while the original entity will retain any remaining cost time percentage Visible only when Type is Duplicate Original of Duplicates Number of outgoing entities that will leave the module in addition to the original incoming entity Applies only when Type is Duplicate Original Member Attributes Method of determining how to assign the representative entity attribute values to the original entities These options relate to six of the special purpose attributes Entity Type Entity Picture Entity Sequence Entity Station Entity Jobstep and Entity HoldCostRate and all user defined attributes Applies only when Type is Split Existing Batch
23. associated queues based on the entry point to which it is connected Entities will remain in their respective queues until a match exists Once a match exists one entity from each queue is released to be matched The matched entities are then synchronized to depart from the module TYPICAL USES Assembling a part m Gathering various products for a customer order m Synchronizing a customer exit with a filled order PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Number to Match Number of matching entities that must reside in different queues before a match may be completed Type Method for matching the incoming entities If Type is Any Entities one entity must reside in each queue for a match to be made If Type is Based on Attribute one entity must reside in each queue with the same attribute value Attribute Name Attribute name that is used for identifying an arriving entity s match value Applies only when Type is Based on Attribute Pickup 1 i Readilinte 1 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL Pickup module DESCRIPTION The Pickup module removes a number of consecutive entities from a given queue starting at a specified rank in the queue The entities that are picked up are added to the end of the incoming entity s group TYPICAL USES m Gathering an order from various queue locations Gathering completed forms for an office order m Picking up students
24. at a bus stop for school PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Quantity Number of entities to pick up Queue Name Name of the queue from which the entities will be picked up starting at the specified rank Starting Rank Starting rank of the entities to pick up from the queue Queue Name ReadWrite module DESCRIPTION The ReadWrite module is used to read data from an input file or the keyboard and assign the data values to a list of variables or attributes or other expression This module is also used to write data to an output device such as the screen or a file When reading from or writing to a file the ReadWrite logic varies according to the Type of Arena File Name the Access Type of a file is specified in the File module E o gt en lt E 5 O D a U le O D 0 0 Sequential File or LOTUS Spreadsheet Access Types When an entity arrives at the Read Write module the specified file is examined to see if it is open active If not the file is automatically opened The values of the attributes variables or expressions other listed are read or written according to the format specified If you plan to import Lotus wks files into Excel see Lotus 1 2 3 Release 1 x WKS Format for guidelines 53 ARENA USER S GUIDE 54 Microsoft Excel Microsoft Access and ActiveX Data Objects Access Types When an entity arrives at the ReadWrit
25. b a X The beta is often used to represent random proportions such as the proportion of defective items in a lot 111 ARENA USER S GUIDE Continuous 112 Probability Density Function Cumulative Distribution Function Parameters CONTINUOUS CumP Val CumP Val c Xis y C X C if x x a mass of probability c at x1 Ax Et raar SL Sy 0 if x lt x4 Or x x The CONTINUOUS function in Arena returns a sample from a user defined distribution Pairs of cumulative probabilities c CumP and associated values x Val are speci fied The sample returned will be a real number between x and x and will be less than or equal to each x with corresponding cumulative probability c The x s must increase with j The cs must all be between 0 and 1 must increase with j and c must be 1 The cumulative distribution function F x is piecewise linear with corners defined by F x c forj 1 2 Thus for j gt 2 the returned value will be in the interval x x Range Applications A STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS with probability c c given that it is in this interval it will be distributed uniformly over it You must take care to specify c and x to get the effect you want at the left edge of the distribution The CONTINUOUS function will return exactly the value x with probability c Thus if you specify c gt 0 this actually results in a mixed discrete continuo
26. defined for the resource For example if a machine s capacity was scheduled to be available value of 1 during second shift according to 1ts base time pattern you could add an exception to change it to unavailable for second shift on a particular day e g December 30 2004 Exception data are edited via the Exception and Composite windows which are opened from the Edit gt Calendar Schedules gt Exceptions and Display Composite menu options TYPICAL USES m Overtime m Holidays Regularly scheduled meetings PROMPTS Prompt Description A 0 o Description Optional description of the exception gt i Value Type The data type defining the value for this exception Types include 8 Numeric State and Time Pattern A Value The value to be used during this exception period The Value Type dictates the information supplied in this field a Numeric a non negative real number e g 1 a State the name of a State defined via the States editor dialog box e g On Shift a Time Pattern a time pattern e g Standard Work Day Start Date The calendar date on which this exception should start Start Time The time on the Start Date at which this exception should start End Date The calendar date on which this exception should stop being applied to the resource If the Value Type is Time Pattern the values in the time pattern will repeat until this End Date End Time The time on the End Date at which this e
27. entity signifies the location of the entity within the queue The entity that caused the removal proceeds to the next module specified and is processed before the removed entity TYPICAL USES m Removing an order from a queue that is due to be completed next m Calling a patient from a waiting room for an examination m Retrieving the next order to be processed from a pile of documents Seize 1 i 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Queue Name Name of the queue from which the entity will be removed Rank of Entity Rank of the entity to remove from within the queue Seize module DESCRIPTION The Seize module allocates units of one or more resources to an entity The Seize module may be used to seize units of a particular resource a member of a resource set or a resource as defined by an alternative method such as an attribute or expression When an entity enters this module it waits in a queue if specified until all specified resources are available simultaneously Allocation type for resource usage is also specified TYPICAL USES Beginning a customer order seize the operator m Starting a tax return seize the accountant Being admitted to hospital seize the hospital room nurse doctor PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape q ol Allocation Determi
28. example uses of each module Flowchart modules Flowchart modules are the set of objects that are placed in the model window to describe the simulation process Create module DESCRIPTION This module is intended as the starting point for entities in a simulation model Entities are Create 1 Ee created using a schedule or based on a time between arrivals Entities then leave the i a module to begin processing through the system The entity type is specified in this created Pa module Number of entities TYPICAL USES nx DU m The start of a part s production in a manufacturing line 2 A document s arrival e g order check application into a business process 3 Acustomer s arrival at a service process e g retail store restaurant information P desk r PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Entity Type Name of the entity type to be generated Type Type of arrival stream to be generated Types include Random uses an exponential distribution user specifies mean Schedule uses an exponential distribution mean determined from the specified Schedule module Constant user specifies constant value e g 100 or Expression drop down list of various distributions Value Determines the mean of the exponential distribution if Random is used or the constant value if Constant is used for the time between arrivals Applies only when Type is Rando
29. exist once within a model Save Attribute Specifies the attribute to be used to store the index into the station set for an entity entering this module Set Members This repeat group permits you to define the individual stations that are to be members of the specified station set A station set must have at least one member station Active when Station Type is Set Station Name This field indicates the name of a station that is to be a member of this station set A given station can only exist within a model once There fore an individual station can only be the member of one station set and that individual station may not be the name of a station in another module Parent Activity Area Name of the Activity Area s parent for the station set member Associated Intersection Name of the intersection associated with this station set in a guided transporter network Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will automatically be collected and stored in the report database for this station set member and its corre sponding activity area Allocation Type of category to which the entity s incurred delay time and cost will be added Delay This field defines the delay that will be experienced by entities immediately upon arrival at the station Units Time units used for the delay time Transfer In If a resource transporter or conveyor was used to transfer the entity to th
30. field is not visible when the Transfer Type is None or Access Conveyor Transporter Name Name of the transporter to request Queue Type Type of queue either a single Queue queue Set Internal queue Attribute or Expression Queue Name Name of the individual queue Queue Set Name Name of the queue set Set Index Defines the index into the queue set Note that this is the index into the set and not the name of the queue in the set Queue Attribute Name The attribute name that will be evaluated to indicate which queue is to be used Queue Expression The expression that will be evaluated to indicate which queue is to be used Selection Rule Method of selecting among available transporters in a set Cyclical will cycle through available members Random will randomly select a member Preferred Order will always select the first available member Specific Member requires an input attribute value to specify which member of the set previously saved in the Save Attribute field Largest Distance selects the transporter farthest away and Smallest Distance selects the closest transporter Save Attribute Attribute name used to store the index number into the set of the member that is chosen This attribute can later be referenced with the Specific Member selection rule Active when Transfer Out is Request Transporter Index Set Attribute name whose value identifies the index number into the set of
31. have different types of entities in the same model For example customers moving through a check in counter at an airport might be separated into regular first class and priority entity types In some cases entity types might be of an altogether different form rather than classifications of some basic type For instance in a pharmacy prescriptions would be modeled as entities running through the process of being filled At the same time customers might be competing for the pharmacist s attention with medical inquiries they would also be modeled as entities N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 Review application Process module Remember that as we create the flowchart we re looking at the process from the perspec tive of the entity The Create module is a starting point for an entity s flow through the system being modeled Next in our case the application will be reviewed for complete ness by a Mortgage Review Clerk Because this will take some amount of time holding the entity at this point in the flowchart for a delay and requiring a resource to perform the activity we use a Process module We ll call this process Review Application For the time delay we also want to capture the natural variability that exists in most processes Very often for work done by people or equipment a triangular distribution provides a good approximation You specify the minimum time in which the work could be done the most lik
32. initial value s specified Specifying Statistics indicates to reset this variable to its initial value s whenever statistics are cleared Specifying System indicates to reset this variable to its initial value s whenever the system is cleared None indicates to never reset this variable to its initial value s except prior to the first replication Initial Values Lists the initial value s of the variable This value s may be changed with the Assign module Initial Value Variable value at the start of the simulation Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will be collected automatically and stored in the report database for this variable Schedule module DESCRIPTION This data module may be used in conjunction with the Resource module to define an operating schedule for a resource or with the Create module to define an arrival schedule Additionally a schedule may be used and referenced to factor time delays based on the simulation time Duration formatted schedules are defined within this module Calendar formatted schedules are defined by selecting Edit gt Calendar Schedules gt Time Patterns For more details refer to the section entitled Calendar schedule information on page 45 42 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL TYPICAL USES m Work schedule for staff including breaks Breakdown patterns for equipment Volume of customers arriving at a store m Learn
33. input attribute value to specify which member of the set previously saved in the Save Attribute field Largest Remaining Capacity and Smallest Number Busy are used for resources with multiple capacity Save Attribute Attribute name used to store the index number into the set of the member that is chosen This attribute can later be referenced with the Specific Member selection rule Set Index Index value into the set that identifies the number into the set of the member requested If an attribute name is used the entity must have a value for the attribute before utilizing this option Resource State State of the resource that will be assigned after the resource is seized The resource state must be defined with the Resource module Queue Type Determines the type of queue used to hold the entities while waiting to seize the resource s If Queue is selected the queue name is specified If Set is selected the queue set and member in the set are specified If Internal is selected an internal queue is used to hold all waiting entities Attribute and Expression are additional methods for defining the queue to be used Queue Name This field is visible only if Queue Type is Queue and it defines the symbol name of the queue Set Name This field is visible only if Queue Type is Set and it defines the queue set that contains the queue being referenced Set Index This field is visible only if Queue Type is Set an
34. of specifying the storage name as a Storage Set Attribute or Expression Default will remove an entity from the last storage that it entered Storage Name Name of the storage to which the entity will be added Applies only when the Type is Storage Set Name Name of the storage set from which the storage 1s to be selected Applies only when the Type is Set Set Index Index into the defined storage set that contains the desired storage name Applies only when the Type is Set Attribute Name of the attribute whose value contains the storage Applies only when the Type is Attribute Expression Expression that is evaluated to the storage into which the entity is placed Applies only when the Type is Expression Adjust Variable module DESCRIPTION The Adjust Variable module adjusts a variable to a target value at a specified rate This module might be used with the Rotate By Expression option in Global and Resource pictures to present smooth animated rotations of pictures It might also be used to approximate animate a continuous increase or decrease to a variable value over time When an entity enters an Adjust Variable module the Variable Name is adjusted to the To Value at the specified Rate The entity is held in the module until the adjustment is completed The Update Interval specifies the time interval between actual assignment updates of the variable value over the time period of the change A smaller update interval produces smo
35. on the conveyor Queue Type Determines the type of queue used to hold the entities either an individual Queue a queue Set and Internal queue or an Attribute or Expression that evaluate to the queue name a gt Queue Name Name of the queue that will hold the entity until 1t accesses the lt conveyor 3 a Set Name Name of the set of queues 5 gt Do 19 ARENA USER S GUIDE 80 Convey 1 Prompt Description Set Index Defines the index into the queue set Note that this is the index into the set and not the name of the queue in the set For example the only valid entries for a queue set containing three members is an expression that evaluates to 1 2 or 3 Attribute Name Defines the name of the attribute that stores the queue name to which entities will reside Expression Defines the name of the expression that stores the queue name to which entities will reside Convey module DESCRIPTION The Convey module moves an entity on a conveyor from its current station location to a specified destination station The time delay to convey the entity from one station to the next is based on the velocity of the conveyor specified in the Conveyor module and the distance between the stations specified in the Segment module When an entity enters a Convey module its Station attribute Entity Station is set to the destination station The entity is then conveyed to the destination station If the destination ty
36. order times and relevant information m File to write user model configuration data from menu input PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The name of the file whose characteristics are being defined This name must be unique Access Type The file type Operating System File Name of the actual file that is being read from or to which it 1s being Name written Connecting String Connection string used to open ADO connection to the data source Structure File structure which can be unformatted free format or a specific C or FORTRAN format End of File Action Type of action to occur if an end of file condition is reached Initialize Option Action to be taken on file at beginning of each simulation replication Comment Character indicating comment record 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL Prompt Description Recordset Name Name used to identify the recordset in ReadWrite module This name must be unique within the file Command Text Text of the command that will be used to open the recordset e g SQL statement procedure name table name Command Type Type of command entered in the CommandText Named Range The named range in the Excel workbook to which the recordset refers Table Name The name of the table in the Access database to which the recordset refers StateSet module DESCRIPTION The StateSet module is used to define states for a resource or number of resources The stat
37. represent 480 hours 20 days of simulated time matching our run length Click OK to close the Plot dialog box 23 N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 ARENA USER S GUIDE 24 8 The cursor changes to a cross hair Draw the plot in the model window by clicking to locate each of the two opposite corners e g the top left and bottom right corners placing the plot below the flowchart and to the right of the resource With the edits complete you may want to save them by clicking Save or pressing CtrI S Rerun the simulation Now that we ve made our animation more interesting and valuable let s run the simulation again Because we didn t change any of the process parameters 1 e data in the modules the simulation will provide the same results Click Run or press the F5 key to start the simulation As the simulation progresses you ll notice the Mortgage Review Clerk s picture change from idle sitting at the desk to busy reading a document and back again as mortgage application entities move through the Review Application process The plot shows some significant peaks in the number of applications that are under review caused by the combination of the variation in the time between arrivals of applications defined in the Create module and the time to process applications Process module mi IW ha Next steps You ve succeeded in modeling simulating visualizing and analyzing a simple mort
38. simulation model 0 0 0c eee nee eens 18 Simulate the process 18 View simulation reports 20 Enhance the visualization process 0 0 0 cc eee eens 21 ARENA USER S GUIDE Animate the mortgage review clerk resQurCe oo o ooooooooooooooo 22 Plot the number of applications in process n on 0 000 23 Rerun the simulati0d eee eee ee eee eens 24 NS A 24 3 The Basic Process Panel 27 Flowchart modules cee ee cee eee eee eee eens 27 CHCA 55 4 buses eee ee ed ee ee es Ee eee eee ee 27 IDISPOS accredited aa aaa 28 o nn A 29 Process Resource dialog sescissrsairiariss srta a aaa 31 DECIAS arnosorerdarrcando aser bae ene es eee 32 BOC 65245054 ete ee one bab eae cee dee noses sea ees bie 33 DEPardlS casarnos gs eee E ee ey ears tear oe ey ed 34 ASS 602424 4o nde ted ee es ao anaes 35 EO Gace ee A he pha eee eee oees chess 36 Data modulet e osos arar aer oho ed 38 POULY E E EE teehee encase gion cee tases EE se akaes 38 Do 2 odes no 5o5 0C heehee eee A 39 RESDUECO sai oe ees oe oe ee ee eee ays 40 VARADOS esmero eds een be eee een eee de ere 41 A AA 42 A 44 Calendar schedule information c cece eee ee eee nes 45 Time Pateri AA 45 Calendar Exceptions snecioniosa a don 47 CalenGar SUNS E 0 bas oh wie a ec 3 0 see ar an Bt ee ee 2 48 4 The Advanced Process Panel 49 Flowchart modules 40 DAY secos capo r eras desta ree pa eee ok 49 DIODO ross pearl
39. source regulator name Destination Regulator Type Indicates how the destination regulator will be specified as Regulator Regulator Set Attribute Expression Regulator Name Name of the destination regulator Regulator Set Name Name of the regulator set that contains the destination regulator name Set Index Index into the regulator set Attribute Name Name of the attribute that stores the destination regulator name Expression Expression that evaluates to the destination regulator name Stop Flow After Quantity The flow will be stopped after this quantity has been transferred Time The flow will be stopped after this time duration has elapsed Units The time units of the Time Signal Value The flow will be stopped if this signal value is received 103 ARENA USER S GUIDE Regulate 1 104 Prompt Description Priority The priority of the flow operation when allocating limited input or output to multiple flow operations occurring at a tank Allocation Determines how the time and costs accrued during the flow operation will be allocated to the entity Quantity Save Attribute Attribute to save the quantity transferred by the entity Regulate module DESCRIPTION The Regulate module provides discrete control for assigning the maximum rates of regulators defined in the Tank module TYPICAL USES Used to simulate such actions as the closing or opening of valves PROMPTS
40. specified rule TYPICAL USES m Loading shelves with product Separating a form for use in various departments PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Quantity Number of entities that will be dropped off from an incoming representative grouped entity Starting Rank Starting rank of the entities to be dropped off based on the entities in the group Member Attributes Method of determining how to assign the representative entity attribute values other than costs times to the dropped off original entities Attribute Name Name of representative entity attribute s assigned to dropped off original entities of the group Hold module DESCRIPTION This module will hold an entity in a queue to wait for a signal wait for a specified condi tion to become true scan or be held infinitely to be removed later with the Remove module If the entity is holding for a signal the Signal module is used elsewhere in the model to allow the entity to move on to the next module If the entity is holding for a given condi tion to be true the entity will remain at the module either in a defined or internal queue until the condition s becomes true When the entity is in an infinite hold the Remove module is used elsewhere in the model to allow the entity to continue processing TYPICAL USES 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL m Waiting for a traffic light to turn green m Hold
41. the Network and Network Link modules Each spreadsheet entry creates a single transporter set When using a transporter to transfer between modules or as the server in a Leave or Enter module the transporter must be defined using the Transporter module TYPICAL USES a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 4 D La m Forklifts that transfer parts between processing stations m Wheelchairs that move patients between diagnostic areas 93 ARENA USER S GUIDE 94 PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Name of the transporter Can be used to represent a set of multiple transporter units each unit within the set 1s capable of independent movement Number of Units Number of independent transporter units in the transporter set Type Specifies whether the transporter set 1s free path or guided Distance Set Specifies the name of the distance set that contains the station names and distances between which the free path transporter will travel Distances are defined in the Distance module Network Name Specifies the name of the network that defines the distances and zone configuration of all paths that the guided transporter set may follow Networks are defined in the Network module and the links segments that make up a network are defined using the Network Link module Velocity The initial velocity of the set of transporter units in length units per base time unit Units Velocity time units Accel
42. the entries e g go to Help gt Arena Help text you are asked to type is shown in Courier Bold e g in this field type Work Week and dialog box and window button names are shown in bold e g click OK Explore our examples Arena is accompanied by a number of sample models that illustrate many of the com monly used approaches for capturing the essence of manufacturing processes Examples are provided for both job shop and flow shop environments For a description of and list of Arena s examples go to Help gt Arena Help On the Contents tab choose Model Building Basics and then select Viewing Arena Example Models Get help Online help is always at your fingertips Arena incorporates the latest in help features including Whats This help that displays a brief description of fields in dialogs context sensitive help on menu and toolbar buttons and a help button on each of Arena s modules Just refer to the Arena help table of contents and index for a list of all help topics Use the SMARTs library As you craft models of your own manufacturing processes use our SMARTs library to explore how to best use Arena This suite of tutorial models covers topics ranging from modeling resources to animation techniques The library is organized into categories to help you find the right model with ease When you re wondering how to take the next step in your model browse the SMARTs library for a ready made solution For a list of c
43. the module Applies only when Type is Attribute Entity Type New entity type that will be assigned to the entity when the entity enters the module Applies only when Type is Entity Type Entity Picture New entity picture that will be assigned to the entity when the entity enters the module Applies only when Type is Entity Picture Other Identifies the special system variable that will be assigned a new value when an entity enters the module Applies only when Type is Other New Value Assignment value of the attribute variable or other system variable Does not apply when Type is Entity Type or Entity Picture Record module DESCRIPTION This module is used to collect statistics in the simulation model Various types of observa tional statistics are available including time between exits through the module entity statistics time costing etc general observations and interval statistics from some time stamp to the current simulation time A count type of statistic is available as well Tally and Counter sets can also be specified TYPICAL USES Collect the number of jobs completed each hour Count how many orders have been late being fulfilled Record the time spent by priority customers in the main check out line PROMPTS Prompt Name 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL Description Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Type of observational tally or count statistic to be generated Co
44. to deliver high quality products and services through business process modeling Businesses are seeking not simply to automate existing operations but to improve and redesign business processes to meet and exceed customers expectations for the delivery of products and services Many simulation systems are standalone running only on a desktop and having limited capabilities to integrate with other technologies such as company databases workflow engines and other desktop solutions At the same time leading corporations have discov ered the value of simulation technology Many companies require simulation to be used as standard procedure in support of process improvements A much greater return on investment is possible if process descriptions and simulation results can be accessed throughout the enterprise Microsoft Visio the leading desktop drawing product supplies a common graphics platform for representing business process models Visio s open architecture via ActiveX and Visual Basic for Applications enables the overall modeling tool to be customized to fit changing needs The models also can be shared throughout the enterprise by publishing on an intranet directly from Visio Arena software includes a built in interface to Visio mapping shapes from a Visio drawing to the appropriate simulation constructs in Arena Process hierarchy is captured in the Arena simulation model including activity based costing and process logic
45. will appear in the center of the dialog box To add a resource for this process click Add 2 GETTING STARTED 5 In the Resource Name field of the Resource dialog box type Mortgage Review Clerk Resource Name Mortgage Review Clerk 6 Click OK to close the Resource dialog box 7 Define the process delay parameters in the Minimum Most Likely Value and Maxi mum fields as 1 1 75 and 3 Note that the default delay type is Triangular and the default time units are in hours Minimum Value Most Likely asirio 8 Click OK to close the dialog box N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 For now we ll leave the default values for the other Process module properties Feel free to explore their purposes through online help or the Modeling Concepts and Resources models in the SMARTs library Complete Decide module sd After the mortgage application has been reviewed we determine whether to accept or LK gt return the application In Arena whenever an entity selects among branches in the process SS dl logic taking just one of the alternatives a Decide module is used o Fal For the mortgage application process we ll use a simple probability to determine the out come of the decision with 88 of applications accepted as complete When youusea 1 Double click the Decide module to open its property dialog box 2 way Decide module the entity 2 In the Name field type Comple
46. your process Example uses of each module are included in this section Flowchart modules Flowchart modules are the set of objects that are placed in the model window to describe the simulation process Delay module DESCRIPTION The Delay module delays an entity by a specified amount of time When an entity arrives at a Delay module the time delay expression 1s evaluated and the entity remains in the module for the resulting time period The time is then allocated to the entity s value added non value added transfer wait or other time Associated costs are calculated and allocated as well TYPICAL USES m Processing a check at a bank m Performing a setup on a machine m Transferring a document to another department PROMPTS F Prompt Description gt lt o Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape 3 a Allocation Type of category to which the entity s incurred delay time and cost will 3 be added P Delay Time Determines the value of the delay for the entity Units Time units used for the delay time 49 ARENA USER S GUIDE 50 Dropott 1 E a r Members Hold 1 i Dropoff module DESCRIPTION The Dropoff module removes a specified number of entities from the entity s group and sends them to another module as specified by a graphical connection Group user defined attribute value and internal attributes may be given to the dropped off entities based on a
47. 5 removing from a given queue 53 removing from queue and sending to a module 56 removing from storage 61 sequence flow through model 90 time delays 49 transfer to specified station 77 transferring to station or module 73 what are they 13 Entity module 38 entity picture sets 44 entity type sets 44 Erlang distribution 109 115 117 Exit module 81 Exponential distribution 109 116 Expression module 64 F Failure module 65 File module 66 Flow module 102 Flow Process panel Flow module 102 Regulate module 104 Regulator Set module 107 Release Regulator module 106 Seize Regulator module 105 Sensor module 101 Tank module 99 flowchart modules 11 27 flowchart objects 11 flowchart view 7 Free module 85 G Gamma distribution 109 117 grid 9 grouping within the model 33 H Halt module 85 Hold module 50 J Johnson distribution 109 118 L Leave module 73 Lognormal distribution 109 119 Match module 52 model window 6 flowchart view 7 spreadsheet view 7 modules 6 11 mortgage application example 5 Move module 86 N Normal distribution 109 120 O online help 2 operating schedule 42 P pause the simulation 19 PickStation module 75 Pickup module 53 picture libraries 127 BasicProcess plb 127 listing of standard files 128 pictures changing from idle to busy 22 plots 23 Pois
48. Prompt Description Name The module description Maximum Rate Assignments Regulator Type Indicates how the regulator will be specified defined as Regulator Regulator Set Attribute Expression Regulator Name Name of the regulator Regulator Set Name Name of the regulator set that contains the regulator Set Index Index into the regulator set Attribute Name Name of the attribute that stores the regulator name Expression Expression that evaluates to the regulator name New Maximum Rate The new maximum rate Units Time units of new maximum rate 6 THE FLOW PROCESS PANEL Seize Regulator module DESCRIPTION o A tank regulator may be used for only one flow operation at any given time o Oo AL O y O N 7 as P The Seize Regulator module allocates one or more regulators to an entity When an entity enters this module it waits in a queue until all specified regulators are available simultaneously An allocated regulator is released by an entity using the Release Regulator module TYPICAL USES Controls ownership of regulators and avoid multiple entities trying to use the same regulator in a Flow module simultaneously Chooses from a set of alternative regulators using a selection rule PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The module identifier Priority Priority value of the entity waiting at this module for the regulator s specified if on
49. a particular resource or selecting from a pool of resources 1 e a resource set The resource name may also be specified by an expression or attribute value Resource Name Name of the resource that will be released Set Name Name of the resource set from which a member will be released Attribute Name Name of the attribute that specifies the resource name to be released Expression Name of the expression that specifies the name of the resource to be released Quantity Number of resources of a given name or from a given set that will be Release Rule released For sets this value specifies only the number of a selected resource that will be released based on the resource s capacity not the number of members to be released within the set Method of determining which resource within a set to release Last Member Seized and First Member Seized will release the last first member from within the set that was seized Specific member indicates that a member number or attribute with a member number value will be used to specify the member to release Set Index Member index of the resource set that the entity will release Remove module DESCRIPTION The Remove module removes a single entity from a specified position in a queue and sends it to a designated module When an entity arrives at a Remove module it removes the entity from the specified queue and sends it to the connected module The rank of the
50. ademarks of the Microsoft Corporation All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective holders and are hereby acknowledged This Rockwell Software product is warranted in accord with the product license The product s performance will be affected by system configuration the application being performed operator control and other related factors This product s implementation may vary among users This manual is as up to date as possible at the time of printing however the accompanying software may have changed since that time Rockwell Software reserves the right to change any information contained in this manual or the software at anytime without prior notice The instructions in this manual do not claim to cover all the details or variations in the equipment procedure or process described nor to provide directions for meeting every possible contingency during installation operation or maintenance Contents 1 Welcome 1 What is Arena software oooooooooonorrrrn een ne eee ene e en eens l Intended audienta s arrssirissdrererd ditai a dis dc o dad l Where can I go for help o o o o o ooooooooorooo ooo 2 Reference the user s guides o o o ooooooooooro eee eens 2 Explore our CxaMpleS 4 424 ienaa i de datduw es a i E A cegdaus 2 Tel cy o 5 5 2 hace enn ed eee oe EE TE eee te oe 8 eee ee 2 Use the SMARTS library lt 222 2 lt 2000 40e6 Pe eeodee be hee5 45 do 2 Ac
51. ame Name of the attribute that stores the name of the regulator to release gt Expression Expression that evaluates to the name of the regulator to release 3 D Data module Data modules are the set of objects in the spreadsheet view of the model that define the characteristics of various process elements such as resources and queues Regulator Set module DESCRIPTION The Regulator Set module defines a set of regulators to select from and use in other Flow Process modules Seize Regulator Release Regulator Regulate Flow TYPICAL USES m Defines a grouping of regulators for logical purposes e g to select an available member from the set using a selection rule PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The set s identifier Regulator Name Regulator member in set 107 ARENA USER S GUIDE 108 B COM statistical Distributions Arena contains a set of built in functions for generating random numbers from the commonly used probability distributions These distributions appear on pull down menus in many Arena modules where they re likely to be used They also match the distributions in the Arena Input Analyzer This appendix describes all of the Arena distributions Each of the distributions in Arena has one or more parameter values associated with it You must specify these parameter values to define the distribution fully The number meaning and order of the parameter values depend on the distribution A
52. ame of the transporter to halt Unit Number Determines which of the transporter units in the transporter set to halt Move module DESCRIPTION The Move module advances a transporter from one location to another without moving the controlling entity to the destination station The controlling entity remains at its current module location until the transporter arrives at 1ts destination At that time the entity will be able to move to another module or task in the model If the transporter being moved is a free path transporter then the time delay to move the transporter from one station to the next is based on the velocity of the transporter and the distance between the stations specified in the Distance module If the transporter being moved is a guided transporter then the time delay to move the transporter depends not only on the velocity and distance to the destination but also the transporter s acceleration deceleration and any traffic 1t encounters on the way TYPICAL USES Move a broken forklift to a service station Move a worker to a break room m Move a waiter to the kitchen PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Transporter Name Name of the transporter to move Unit Number Determines which of the transporter units in the transporter set to move Destination Type Determines the method for specifying the transporter destination The Interse
53. ategories and their related SMARTS go to Help gt Arena Help On the Contents tab first click Model Building Basics and then Learning Arena with SMART Files 1 WELCOME Access the Arena Symbol Factory Arena animations can be enhanced using Arena Symbol Factory s extensive library of symbols These symbols can be used for entity resource transporter or global pictures or as graphic symbols within a model window You can copy these symbols directly to the Arena model window add them to your own libraries p b files or add them to any of the Arena picture library files Get phone support Rockwell Software provides full support for the entire Arena family of products Questions concerning installation how modules work the use of the model editor and the use of the software are handled by technical support ARENA TECHNICAL SUPPORT INCLUDES m for users on active maintenance a technical support hotline and e mail address staffed by full time experienced professionals help with installation problems or questions related to the software s requirements troubleshooting limited support regarding the interaction of Arena with other programs support of the Arena Object Model which is used in Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications If you call the support line 1 440 646 5800 you should be at your computer and be prepared to give the following information the product serial number the product version number the opera
54. attribute values Rule Determines how incoming entities will be batched Any Entity will take the first Batch Size number of entities and put them together By Attribute signifies that the values of the specified attribute must match for entities to be grouped For example if Attribute Name is Color all entities must have the same Color value to be grouped otherwise they will wait at the module for additional incoming entities Attribute Name Name of the attribute whose value must match the value of the other incoming entities in order for a group to be made Applies only when Rule is By Attribute Separate module DESCRIPTION This module can be used to either copy an incoming entity into multiple entities or to split a previously batched entity Rules for allocating costs and times to the duplicate are also specified Rules for attribute assignment to member entities are specified as well When splitting existing batches the temporary representative entity that was formed is disposed and the original entities that formed the group are recovered The entities pro ceed sequentially from the module in the same order in which they originally were added to the batch When duplicating entities the specified number of copies 1s made and sent from the module The original incoming entity also leaves the module TYPICAL USES Send individual entities to represent boxes removed from a container m Send an order both to fulfillment
55. cess steps in our model They are the data whether on paper or in electronic form that are associated with our client s request for a mortgage As we build the flowchart it s helpful to think of the process from the perspective of the entity the mortgage application asking questions like m Where do the mortgage applications enter the process What happens to them at each step What resources are needed to complete work First we ll draw the flowchart representing the mortgage application process Refer to the Mortgage Application Process Flowchart shown previously so you ll know what we Il be creating Create the mortgage application entities We ll start the flowchart using a Create module from the Basic Process panel This is the starting point for the flow of entities through the model 1 Drag the Create module from the Basic Process panel into the model window A default name Create 1 is given to the module when it s placed We ll return later to provide a more meaningful description as well as some data to support the simulation ARENA USER S GUIDE Every process flow starts with a Create module When you simulate the flowchart individual entities will be created according to timing information you supply in the Create module properties After it s created each entity moves from the Create module to the next shape in the process flow If your Create and Process weren t conne
56. cess the Arena Symbol Factory 0 0 0 000 ccc eens 3 jet PHONE SUPPO eisite daniel eyes E bo bade es 3 Get W CD SUDDON 42 4 4 duces a nodes 445 56s oe eee eed 00 93 oe dass 3 Gel Malin AAA 4 Gel consulto SCIVICES 2 224 5 2a0ecesed iaa Ren daeeoteveed eee ista 4 COMIC US ocueuada eed E eee se Lek bee had ee oon beans ote te Rane 4 2 Getting Started 5 TT OCUCHOM dare ae prada Cena gee be dd i 5 Our task Analyze a home mortgage application process 0000 eee 5 The Arena modeling environment 0 0 0 0 eee ees 6 Map your process in a flowchart 0 00 ee eee eens 7 Create the mortgage application entities 0 0 nananana nnana eee 7 Process the applications 0 0 00 ccc eee eens 8 Decide whether applications are complete ooooooooomoooooo 10 Dispose the applications to terminate the process 0 000 ee eee 10 What is a module secioner des ers ahs Hee ee edo Oh eS Se 11 Defne THOU GAIA esas rr repeat eii be ee 12 Initiate mortgage application Create module o ooooooooooo o 12 Review application Process module 0 0 0 eee 13 Whatare Calles esasan eaire rena be a Ae aoe dee et ed bo ee aN 13 Complete Decide module 1 0 0 0 0 eee eee eee 15 Accepted Returned Dispose module 00 000 16 Mortgage review clerk Resource module o oooooooooooooo o 17 Prepare for the simulation 0 0 0 0 00000 ccc o 18 Save the
57. chart modules nnana anaana eee een nes 83 PROS cs aro o he ets E sa EE ee Ga ee E E des 83 NU ee Ge ee a os 83 BCC a cora area ipods es es a dot ica caida 5 85 FAM ie sans ee os ea ee ee Bs sg ee ee dee 85 MONO gt 20 senses o EE se E se es eee aes es 86 KEQUES 4 04 4 a drad ded cha aoe che dara SGA heard ee Ad E aes ae eR a 87 Tan OOM 240i cb 3438 ata dk Ae AG 5S oR eee ah E oa ea 88 DatamodileS scsprsus sata ek hh eh eres bh a ee Re 90 SEQUENCS 42 45 5568 naar h A nae ae ee OS AG mada eh dia 90 Ls nn 92 mo 151 2 9000 1 SOPA RENE b bd ew ha a dor OSA nae Ae OS AGA maa e Baas 93 TANS POET out a exe da ae ae deed Wms ae ee ee 93 Dea conan co oc ee a a io es ee 95 Ns i ose ee oe ce hee ee arg ae ans ee a ee eo gs a 96 ARENA USER S GUIDE Network LIME ess ccnaacuoceee od tases e ada 96 ACHIVily Aled sisas A a toed od 97 6 The Flow Process Panel 99 Flowchart modules escocesa raros e 99 Talk osorno D eee eee eee tees ee ers a das 99 JO ae des ce one E atte a ee een 101 PHO 24 get oe a he A ee ee eS A oe hee ee 102 ReSuldle do t eeucuds tee os ane ee Sel eae eae end eee eee cee wees eae 104 Seize Regulalo slo tags ooo e s Cede ade ees tde teense sees 105 Release KReculator 42 22 2242 400805o0844netdde dde aer 106 Data modules esuteiadurrisiadosisoio dare ASR mee betas see Se eee 107 a OCl 4 ound 24s See Ane ee eee Me eee s SAGE RS See eee e ee seas 107 A Statistical Distributions 109 A ee oe ee ee oe ea 111
58. city at which the entity and transporter are moved to the destination station Units Velocity time units Guided Tran Destination Type Allows the specification of a guided transporter destination that is differ ent from the entity s destination This field is ignored if Transporter Name is a free path transporter 89 a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 4 D ARENA USER S GUIDE Prompt Description Station Name Defines the name of the station with an associated intersection to which the guided transporter will move Attribute Name Defines the name of the attribute that stores the station name with an associated intersection to which the guided transporter will move Expression Defines an expression that evaluates to the network location intersection station network link to which the guided transporter will move Intersection Name Defines the name of the intersection to which the guided transporter will move Network Link Name Defines the name of the network link to which the guided transporter will move Zone The specific zone number on Network Link Name Data modules 90 Data modules are the set of objects in the spreadsheet view of the model that define the characteristics of various process elements such as resources and queues Sequence module DESCRIPTION The Sequence module is used to define a sequence for entity flow through the model A sequence consists
59. cted auto matically when you placed the Process check the Object gt Auto Connect menu to verify that it s checked If it s not select it to turn on this option 4 Arena Modell Al x File Edit View Tools Arrange Object Run Window Help l x ne a eS an mme o lB of Aela yaa un w r N5 20DOCA f 2 A gt W y jew ae a be ube m sess PL Create Basic Process Hame Entity Type Type Value Units Entities per Arrival 1 Create 1 Entity 1 Random Expo 1 Hours First Creation Infinite 0 0 es Reports E Navigate Create module from Basic Process panel selected 111264123 Process the applications Next in our flowchart is a Process module from the Basic Process panel representing the Review Application step 1 So that Arena will automatically connect the Process to the Create module be sure that the Create module is selected 2 Drag a Process module from the Basic Process panel into the model window placing it to the right of the Create Arena will automatically connect the two modules As with the Create the Process module has a default name that we ll replace later 2 GETTING STARTED 4 Arena Modell Jad File Edit View Tools Arrange Object Run Window Help E a x Os Ce 46Q s Be oe B ffs JR R Fann n a A NSs gt o0sorA d 2 4 2 W HH 2S Claes josue ae ae A A B s Create 1 Proce
60. ction and Network Link options apply only to guided transporters Station Name Name of the individual destination station Request 1 F 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Prompt Description Attribute Name Name of the attribute that stores the destination station name to which entities will route Expression Expression that is evaluated to the destination station name where entities will route Intersection Name Defines the name of the intersection to which the guided transporter will move Network Link Name Defines the name of the network link to which the guided transporter will move Zone The specific zone number of the Network Link Name Velocity Specifies the temporary velocity at which the transporter is moved to the destination station Units Velocity time units Request module DESCRIPTION The Request module assigns a transporter unit to an entity and moves the unit to the entity s station location A specific transporter unit may be specified or the selection may occur based on a rule When the entity arrives at the Request module it is allocated a transporter when one is available The entity remains at the Request module until the transporter unit has reached the entity s station The entity then moves out of the Request module TYPICAL USES A sanded part requests a cart to take it to the paint shop m Customers in a restaurant are ready to order and thus request a waiter
61. ction pair that the link connects Beginning Direction Direction of link as it leaves the beginning intersection Ending Direction Direction of link as it enters the ending intersection Number Of Zones Zone Length Velocity Change Factor Number of zones in the link The length of each zone in the link The total length of the link 1s the number of zones multiplied by the zone length Multiplier that is to be applied to the current velocity of any vehicle traveling through the link Activity Area module DESCRIPTION An Activity Area 1s an area that can be associated with one or more stations These areas are used to collect statistics associated with a station Each activity area may have an associated parent activity area that is used to define the hierarchy of the system modeled Statistics are automatically rolled up through the activity area hierarchy TYPICAL USES A workstation A manufacturing line A manufacturing site m The entire enterprise a Oo gt a lt o O D a o a D 97 ARENA USER S GUIDE 98 PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Name of the activity area s parent Description Optional field to describe the activity area Organization Level Number used to define the hierarchy of the area Parent Activity Area Name of the activity area s parent Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will automaticall
62. ctor is not glued at both ends Edit Properties Go to Shape Close Help If multiple problems are detected each will be listed with a description and in the case of invalid or missing properties the field and value that are improper are listed To correct the errors in your drawing you can use the buttons at the bottom of the dialog box For errors in shape properties click the Edit Properties button which displays the shape s dialog box to correct the data In the case of connector problems click Go to Shape which displays and selects the shape that caused the problem as shown below Note that the Error Listing dialog box shrinks to allow more room for viewing the drawing Return to Error Lisl ZN Creale 1 Process 1 a a Decide 1 le After you ve corrected the problem you can return to the list of errors warnings by click ing the Return to Error List button Once you finish correcting any additional problems click the Close button You can check your drawing at any time correcting any or all errors that are detected Transfer the drawing to Arena When you re ready to simulate your process it s a simple matter of selecting the Simulate Drawing item from the Simulate menu This tool opens Arena and translates your Visio C USING VISIO AND ARENA process map into an Arena simulation model When the process is complete you have an Arena model containing modules from the Basic Process panel that
63. d it defines the index into the queue set Note that this is the index into the set and not the name of the queue in the set For example the only valid entries for a queue set containing three members is an expression that evaluates to 1 2 or 3 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL Prompt Description Attribute This field is visible only if Queue Type is Attribute The attribute entered in this field will be evaluated to indicate which queue is to be used Expression This field is visible only if Queue Type is Expression The expression entered in this field will be evaluated to indicate which queue is to be used Search module DESCRIPTION i The Search module searches a queue a group batch or an expression to find the entity Search 1 7 rank for entities in a queue or group or the value of the global variable J that satisfies the specified search condition When searching a queue or group the value of the global F dol Found system variable J is set to the rank of the first entity that satisfies Search Condition or to 0 if Search Condition is not satisfied When searching an expression the global system variable J is set to the value of the first index value that satisfies the search condition or to zero if no value of J in the specified range satisfies the search condition When an entity arrives at a Search module the index J is set to the starting index and the search condition is then checked If the search cond
64. d to the appropriate category for the entity and process Minimum Parameter field for specifying the minimum value for either a uniform or triangular distribution Value Parameter field for specifying the mean for a normal distribution the value for a constant time delay or the mode for a triangular distribution Maximum Parameter field for specifying the maximum value for either a uniform or triangular distribution Std Dev Parameter field for specifying the standard deviation for a normal distribution Expression Parameter field for specifying an expression whose value is evaluated and used for the processing time delay Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will be automatically collected and stored in the report database for this process 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL Process module Resource dialog PROMPTS Prompt Type Description Specification of a particular resource or selecting from a pool of resources 1 e a resource set Resource Name Name of the resource that will be seized and or released Applies only when Type 1s Resource Set Name Name of the resource set from which a member will be seized and or released Applies only when Type is Set Quantity Number of resources of a given name or from a given set that will be seized released For sets this value specifies only the number of a selected resource that will be seized released based on the resource s capacity
65. dWrite module 53 Release module 55 Remove module 56 Search module 59 Seize module 57 Signal module 60 StateSet module 67 Statistic module 68 Storage module 70 Store module 61 Unstore module 61 62 Advanced Set module 63 Advanced Transfer panel 71 Access module 79 Activate module 83 Activity Area module 97 Allocate module 83 Convey module 80 Conveyor module 92 Distance module 95 Enter module 71 Exit module 81 Free module 85 Halt module 85 Leave module 73 Move module 86 Network Link module 96 Network module 96 PickStation module 75 Request module 87 Route module 77 Segment module 93 Sequence module 90 Start module 82 Station module 78 Stop module 82 Transport module 88 Transporter module 93 Allocate module 83 animating resources 22 animation 7 19 enhancing the graphics 21 animation scale factor 19 Arena Symbol Factory 128 adding shapes to Arena 128 Assign module 35 Auto Connect menu 8 B Basic Process panel 7 Assign module 11 35 Batch module 11 33 Create module 11 27 Decide module 11 32 Dispose module 11 28 Entity module 38 Process module 11 29 Queue module 39 Record module 11 36 Resource module 40 Schedule module 42 Separate module 11 34 139 ARENA USER S GUIDE 140 Set module 44 Variable module 41 Batch module 33 Beta distribution 109 111 business p
66. de Max or TRIA Min Mode Max 122 Probability Density Function Parameters Range Mean Variance Applications f x i X a m i xa m a b a fora lt x lt m Ax 2 b x mod O otherwise The minimum a mode m and maximum b values for the distribution specified as real numbers with a lt m lt b a b a m b 3 a2 m2 b2 ma ab mb 18 The triangular distribution is commonly used in situations in which the exact form of the distribution is not known but estimates or guesses for the minimum maximum and most likely values are available The triangular distribution is easier to use and explain than other distributions that may be used in this situation e g the beta distribution Uniform a b UNIFORM Min Max or UNIF Min Max Probability Density Function Parameters Range Mean Variance Applications f x 1 b a 0 x a b E fi lt x lt b b a oras xX8 Ax O otherwise A STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS The minimum a and maximum b values for the distribution specified as real numbers with a lt b a b a by 2 b a 2 12 The uniform distribution is used when all values over a finite range are considered to be equally likely It is sometimes used when no information other than the range 1s available The uniform distribution has a larger variance than other distributions that are used when information is lacking e
67. ded from the Arena Symbol Factory or other image source by pasting from your Clipboard into a specific library If you wish to create your own library of shapes simply select New from the Entity Picture Placement window The Current Library displays None Opened because the new library has not yet been named or saved Simply select Add for each library shape you wish to include in your new library file or an existing one and draw or paste the appropriate images onto the picture editor board Remember to drag and drop the Ride Point to the appropriate position on your image Arena Symbol Factory 128 Arena animations can also be enhanced using Arena Symbol Factory s extensive library of over 4 000 symbols These symbols can be used for entity resource transporter or global pictures or as graphic symbols within a model window You can copy these images directly to the Arena model window add them to your own libraries plb files or add them to any of the standard Arena picture library files The Symbol Factory application The Symbol Factory is launched from the main Arena toolbar by selecting Tools gt Arena Symbol Factory The application screen contains three distinct areas the Preview pane showing an enlarged image of the currently selected symbol the Categories pane containing the list of library symbols by groupings and the Symbol pane displaying images of all shapes contained within a selected category An exam
68. doe Al E File Edit View Tools Arange Object Run Window Help l xj Os SS SQ LA ola ope Ja ya YI mo w b e INS6 gt 2090A L4 2 4r 0 Mr rt MH Sale ge jew mete mao Jx lt Basic Process s Initiate nl iaa A a if Accepted Application i pp sl o aN 0 0 0 False aif Returned Decide Basic Process pT mme Type Percent True A 2 way by Chance 88 es Reports g Navigate For Help press F1 3675 1474 Ai Mortgage review clerk Resource module Along with our flowchart we also can define parameters associated with other elements of our model such as resources entities queues etc For the mortgage process we ll simply define the cost rate for the Mortgage Review Clerk so that our simulation results will report the cost associated with performing this process The clerk s costs are fixed at 12 per hour To provide these parameters to the Arena model you ll enter them in the Resources spreadsheet You can edit the fields forany 1 In the Basic Process panel click the Resource icon to display the Resources spread module using heei Arena s spread eo heet includi Sirer mo anI 2 Because we defined the Mortgage Review Clerk as the resource in the Review flowchart modules TE Just click on the Application process Arena has automatically added a resource with this name in the A e Resources spreadsheet Click in t
69. dsheet view 7 Start module 82 StateSet module 67 Station module 78 Statistic module 68 statistics defining collection 68 stepping through the simulation 19 Stop module 82 Storage module 70 Store module 61 T tally sets 44 Tank module 99 time delay 13 Time Pattern 45 time patterns 45 transfer an entity 77 Transport module 88 transporter assigning to an entity 83 capacity activation 83 changing to inactive status 85 moving from station to station 86 Transporter module 93 transporter modules 83 Triangular distribution 109 122 U Uniform distribution 109 123 Unstore module 61 V Variable module 41 variables assigning new values 35 definition 41 viewing reports 20 Visio 131 Visio Process Simulator 131 adding data shapes 135 entering custom properties 134 placing and connecting shapes 133 simulating the process map 135 starting a drawing 131 W Web support 3 Weibull distribution 109 124 writing data to output device 53
70. e 5 N ARENA USER S GUIDE Discrete Probability Mass Function Cumulative Distribution Function Parameters Range Applications 114 DISCRETE CumP Val CumP Val c X15 y Co Xa p x p G G4 where cy 0 AA TS C x Xy Xo X n The DISCRETE function in Arena returns a sample from a user defined discrete probabil ity distribution The distribution is defined by the set of n possible discrete values denoted by x x x that can be returned by the function and the cumulative proba bilities denoted by c c c associated with these discrete values The cumulative probability c for x is defined as the probability of obtaining a value that is less than or equal to x Hence c is equal to the sum of p x for k going from 1 to j By definition g a A A The discrete empirical distribution is often used to incorporate discrete empirical data directly into the model This distribution is frequently used for discrete assignments such as the job type the visitation sequence or the batch size for an arriving entity A STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS Erlang 5 k ERLANG ExpMean k or ERLA ExpMean k Probability Ax Density Function pa 1 oo B A k 1 forx gt 0 O otherwise D x Parameters If X1 X2 Xk are independent identically distributed exponential random variables then the sum of these k samples has an Erlang k distribution The mean of each
71. e failure is time based or count based Count Defines the number of resource releases for count based failures Valid when the Type is Count Up Time Defines the time between failures for time based failures Valid when the Type is Time Up Time Units Time units for the time between failures Up Time for time based failures Down Time Defines the duration of the failure Down Time Units Time units for the duration of the failure Down Time 65 D e gt a lt o 5 O D a U O O D N 7 ARENA USER S GUIDE 66 Prompt Uptime in this State only Description Defines the state that should be considered for the time between failures only for time based failures If state 1s not specified then all states are considered 1 e the time between failures does not depend on the time spent in a specific state but rather on the total simulation time For example you might want to define a failure to be based only on the state Busy and therefore the time between downtimes would be based on the amount of time that a resource is busy not simulated clock time File module DESCRIPTION The File module must be included whenever external files are accessed using the Read Write module This module identifies the system file name and defines the access method formatting and operational characteristics of the files TYPICAL USES m File containing predefined airline flight data m File specifying customer
72. e module the specified file is examined to see if an ADO connection to the file is open active If the file is currently closed then an ADO connection is automatically opened to the data source using either the Microsoft Jet OLE DB Provider if the Access Type is Microsoft Excel or Microsoft Access or the specified connection string if the Access Type is ActiveX Data Objects The Recordset ID is then examined to see if that recordset in the file is open A recordset refers to a table of data in the data store that is organized in columns 1 e fields and rows 1 e records If the recordset is currently closed then it is automatically opened using the recordset definition specified in the File module e g the specified named range or table name The recordset then remains open until the file is closed The values of the attributes variables or expressions other listed in the Assignments repeat group are then read from or written to the specified Record Number 1 row in the recordset The first entry in Assignments is read from or written to the first field in the record the second entry corresponds to the second field and so on Extensible Markup Language Access Type When an entity arrives at the Read Write module the specified file is examined to see if it is open active If not the file is automatically opened into a single ADO recordset The values of the attributes variables or expressions other listed are
73. e name to which the raw statistical data are written Applies only when Type is Tally Counter Output File Specifies the system specific file name to which the raw statistical data are written Applies only when Type is Counter Output File Specifies the system specific file name to which the raw statistical data are written Applies only when Type is Frequency Output or Time Persistent Constant or Range Specifies whether statistics are being collected based on the Expression Value being a Constant value or state of a resource or a Range of values Value Specifies the value when collecting statistics for a Constant value Therefore statistics will be collected against this category whenever the Expression Value equals this Value or whenever the resource is in this state If collecting statistics for a Range value this field specifies the lowest value in the range Therefore statistics will be collected against this category whenever the Expression Value is greater than Value and less than or equal to High Value High Value Specifies the highest value in the range if collecting statistics for a Range value Statistics will be collected against this category whenever the Expression Value is greater than Value and less than or equal to High Value 69 gt o gt a lt E 5 O D a U le O D 0 0 ARENA USER S GUIDE 70 Prompt Description Category Name Defines the symbol name for thi
74. e or more entities from other Seize Regulator modules are waiting for the same regulator s Regulators Regulator Type Indicates how the regulator to seize will be specified as Regulator Regulator Set Attribute or Expression Regulator Name Name of the regulator to seize Regulator Set Name Name of the regulator set that contains the regulator to seize Selection Rule Method of selecting among available resources in a set Cyclical will cycle through available members 1 2 3 1 2 3 Random will randomly select a member Preferred Order will always select the first available member as listed in the set 1 if available then 2 if available then 3 Specific Member requires an index value to specify which member of the set User Rule may be used to code custom selection rules The number argument is passed to the UserRule routine which may be coded in either VBA or a user coded dll Save Attribute Attribute name used to store the index number into the set of the mem ber that was selected This attribute can then later be referenced in Flow Regulate and Release Regulator modules to identify the regulator that was chosen and seized Set Index Index into the regulator set 105 ARENA USER S GUIDE 106 Release Regulator 1 Prompt Description Rule Number Specifies number argument that is passed to the UserRule routine Attribute Name Name of the attribute that stores the name of the regulator to seize Expression Expressi
75. e specified value will be assigned Value Value to be assigned to the variable specified a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 2 D 91 ARENA USER S GUIDE 92 Conveyor module DESCRIPTION The Conveyor module allows the definition of either an accumulating or non accumulating conveyor for entity movement between stations When using a conveyor to transfer between modules the conveyor must be defined using this module TYPICAL USES m Baggage handling belt Bottling conveyor PROMPTS Prompt Name Description Name of the conveyor Segment Name Name of the segment set defined in the segment module that is associ ated with the specified conveyor The segment set defines the stations between which the conveyor transfers entities Type Determines the conveyor type either Accumulating or Non Accumulating Velocity The initial speed at which entities move along the conveyor in length units per base unit time Units Velocity time units Cell Size The smallest portion of a conveyor that an entity can occupy Max Cells Occupied The maximum number of conveyor cells that any given entity will access at a time Accumulation Length The accumulation length of the entity This size is utilized in the simulation only when the conveyor type is Accumulating Initial Status Initial status of the conveyor either Active or Inactive Report Statistics Specifies
76. e tank s identifier Capacity Initial Level The tank s capacity The quantity in the tank at the start of the simulation Regulator Name Specifies a device that is used to add to or remove material from the tank e g a valve name Maximum Rate The initial maximum rate for the regulator Units Time units of maximum rate Packaging Input Specifies whether the tank is connected to and allows input flow from a Connection Valve module in the Packaging panel Packaging Output Specifies whether the tank is connected to and allows output flow to a Connection Valve or Machine module in the Packaging panel The Machine Type for the Machine module must be Filling Machine Animation Specifies whether to display default animation of the tank s level and net rate Report Statistics Specifies whether to report statistics on the tank Sensor 1 6 THE FLOW PROCESS PANEL Sensor module DESCRIPTION The Sensor module defines a detection device that monitors the level of material in a tank Tank module A sensor s location is specified using the Tank Name Location Type Level or Percentage prompts A sensor is activated when its location is crossed in the Crossing Direction AND the sensor is enabled When the sensor is activated one or more Actions may be executed Additionally the Create Discrete Entity option may be used to create a discrete entity and send it to custom logic T
77. e transferred to a module that defines a station by refer encing the station and routing conveying or transporting to that station or a graphical connection can be used to transfer an entity to another module When an entity arrives at a Leave module 1t may wait to obtain a transfer device resource transporter or conveyor When the transfer device has been obtained the entity may experience a loading delay Finally the entity 1s transferred from this module to a destination module or station TYPICAL USES m The end of a part s production in a series of parallel processes where the part needs a forklift to be transferred to shipping PROMPTS Prompt Description on a AAA AA AA gt Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart gt Allocation Type of category to which the entity s incurred delay time and cost will D be added S Delay Specifies a load time incurred after getting a transfer device s 73 ARENA USER S GUIDE 74 Prompt Units Description Time units used for the delay time Transfer Out Determines whether a resource Seize Resource transporter Request Transporter or conveyor Access Conveyor is required prior to transferring the entity out of this module Priority Indicates the priority of the module when either seizing a resource or requesting a transporter when there are entities waiting for that resource transporter from other modules This
78. either Route Convey Transport or Connect Save Attribute Defines the name of the attribute that will store the station name that is selected visible when the transfer method is Connect Route Time Move time of the entity from its current station to the station determined through this module Units Time units for route time parameters PickStation module Stations dialog PROMPTS Prompt Station Name Description Station name for the selection process All potential station names are required even though the Number En Route to station may not be a consideration in the PickStation evaluation Queue Name Visible only if Number in Queue is checked it defines the name of the queue corresponding to the station defined Resource Name Visible only if Number of Resources Busy is checked it defines the resource name corresponding to the station defined Expression Visible only if Expression is checked it defines an additional expression that will be considered in the station selection process 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Route module DESCRIPTION The Route module transfers an entity to a specified station or the next station in the station visitation sequence defined for the entity A delay time to transfer to the next station may be defined When an entity enters the Route module its Station attribute Entity Station is set to the destination station The entity is then sent to the destinat
79. ely value for the time delay and the maximum duration of the process During the simulation run each time an entity enters the process Arena will calculate a sample from the distribution information you ve provided in our case a triangular distribution Over the course of a long simulation run where thousands of individual samples are taken the times will follow the profile illustrated next 13 ARENA USER S GUIDE If more than one resource Is required for a process to be performed add as many as are necessary in the Process dialog s Resources list An entity won t commence its process delay until all listed resources are available 14 Frequency minimum mest likely maximum Value Returned For our Review Application process we ll use a minimum time of hour most likely value of 1 75 hours and a maximum of 3 hours We will assign a resource the Mortgage Review Clerk to perform this process 1 Double click the Process module to open its property dialog box 2 Inthe Name field type Review Application Name Review Application 3 To define a resource to perform this process pull down the Action list and select Seize Delay Release Archon Seize Delay Release Arriving entities will wait their turn for the resource to be available When its turn comes the entity will seize the resource delay for the process time and then release the resource to do other work 4 A list of resources
80. enabling an understanding of the distribution of cost and effort among process components As with Visio Arena supplies robust ActiveX support a Microsoft Office compatible interface and VBA to fulfill enterprise needs for best of breed software products The Visio Process Simulation add in e o E o O lt 2 O rs 5 2 gt D D If you use Visio you can immediately put Arena s process mapping tool to work with the Visio Process Simulator Created as an add in to Visio the Process Simulator includes a Visio template and stencil for mapping processes with shapes designed to mirror the flow chart and data modules in the Basic Process panel of Arena When you ve completed your Visio process map using these tools you re ready to simulate it in Arena Start a drawing To begin a drawing browse to the Process Simulation template which the Process Simulator installs in a Process Simulation folder under Visio s Solutions area This dialog 131 ARENA USER S GUIDE It s important to start your drawing by browsing to the Process Simulation template rather than opening or starting a new draw ing and directly attaching the Process Simulation stencil If you don t start your drawing with the template custom dialogs and other features may not be available 132 box typically appears when you first start Visio or you can bring it up via the File gt New gt Choose Drawing Type gt Brow
81. encil to establish flow When connecting shapes the Dynamic Connector is used for all except Decide and Separate which use special connectors to determine the type of each of the two possible outgoing connections The table below lists the shapes from which the connectors can start e g the True Connector can only start at a Decide shape Connector Valid Starting Shape True Connector Decide False Connector Decide Original Connector Separate Duplicate Connector Separate Dynamic Connector Create Process Batch Assign Record The sample flowchart below illustrates the use of these connectors including the Dynamic Connector which is unlabeled o o A le ie fo 7 o Decide shape a Fal True and ane gt False Origina He S Connectors Duplicate _e _ Separate shape Original and Duplicate Connectors 133 ARENA USER S GUIDE 134 Enter custom properties When you place shapes from the Process Simulation stencil default names appear e g Create 1 Process 1 to identify the steps in the process flow Typically you ll replace these names with descriptions of the process steps To do so simply select the shape and type the new name as with other standard Visio shapes The Process Simulation stencil s shapes also provide custom dialogs for defining property values including lists of valid options and other features to aid you in quickly characteriz i
82. enlarge it Plot the number of applications in process Our second animation enhancement is a plot of how many mortgage applications are under review as the simulation progresses This will give us a sense of the dynamics of the workload which can vary quite a bit when the random nature of processes 1s incorporated into a simulated model 1 Click the Plot button on the Animate toolbar 2 The Plot dialog box appears We ll plot a single expression the work in process WIP at the Review Application process To add the expression click Add 3 Inthe Plot Expression dialog box that appears right click in the Expression field to open the Expression Builder 4 We want to plot the number of entities in our Review Application process over time Select Review Application from the drop down list in the Process Name field then choose WIP from the Information drop down list Click OK to close the Expression Editor 5 From our reports in the earlier simulation run we noted that the maximum number of applications in the process was 9 Let s set our plot Maximum value to 10 6 Inthe History Points field type 5000 which will plot the most recent 5000 values of the variable during the simulation run Click OK to close the Plot Expression dialog box Note that Arena places the formula Review Application WIP in the Plot Expression field 7 To complete the plot definition change the Time Range to 480 Our plot s horizontal axis will
83. eration Specifies the acceleration in length units per unit time squared that is applied to return a guided transporter to its normal operating velocity after slowing down The unit time is specified in the Units field Deceleration Specifies the deceleration in length units per unit time squared that is applied to brake a guided transporter when it needs to slow down or stop The unit time is specified in the Units field Turning Velocity Defines the factor to be applied to a guided transporter s velocity when it Factor negotiates a turn In order for slow downs through turns to be performed automatically directions must be defined for all network links in the network Network Name Zone Control Rule Determines when a guided transporter controlling a zone releases it allowing another transporter access to that zone Units This field specifies the time units for the Acceleration and Deceleration entries 1 e per minute squared per hour squared etc Initial Position Status Repeat group that allows the specification of initial position One entry may be used for each unit in the transporter set as defined by Capacity Prompt Initial Position 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Description Determines the type of initial position for the transporter unit s Ifa free path transporter Default will place the transporter at the first station location specified in the Distance module Distance Set Ifa guided tra
84. erical order processing sales clerks operators PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The name of the resource whose characteristics are being defined This name must be unique Type Method for determining the capacity for a resource Fixed Capacity will not change during the simulation run Based on Schedule signifies that a Schedule module is used to specify the capacity and duration information for the resource Capacity Number of resource units of a given name that are available to the system for processing Applies only when Type is Fixed Capacity Schedule Name Identifies the name of the schedule to be used by the resource The schedule defines the capacity of a resource for a given period of time Applies only when type is Schedule Schedule Rule Dictates when the actual capacity change is to occur when a decrease in capacity is required for a busy resource unit Applies only when Type is Schedule Busy Hour Cost per hour of a resource that is processing an entity The resource becomes busy when it is originally allocated to an entity and becomes idle when it is released During the time when it is busy cost will accumulate based on the busy hour cost The busy cost per hour is automatically converted to the appropriate base time unit specified within the Replication Parameters page of the Run gt Setup menu item Idle Hour Cost per hour of a resource that is idle The resource is idle while it is not processing
85. erminating Dispose modules These variables can be helpful in verifying the model For example if the probability in the Decide shape was entered incorrectly e g if you typed 12 the rejection probability instead of 88 the variables would show that many more applications were leaving the Returned branch You also can step through the simulation one event at a time Pause the simulation then click the Step button or press the F10 key Each time you step the simulation an entity is moved through the flowchart Usually you 1l see animation of the entity s movement 19 ARENA USER S GUIDE though sometimes no visual change will take place e g when the next event is creating a new entity When this occurs just step again to move forward to the next event View simulation reports After you ve watched some of the animated flowchart you can quickly run to the end of the simulation to view reports Pause the simulation then click the Fast Forward button to run the simulation without updating the animation At the end of the run Arena will ask whether you d like to view reports Click Yes and the default report the Category Overview Report will be displayed in a report window as shown below 1x8 8 Gt 100 z 4 1 of A crystal Each of Arena s Preview ee Mortgage Review Process F reports is Entity displayed in its E Tine 9 20 56AM Category Overview June 29 2004 one a tale ortgage
86. es may be associated with an autostate or may be new states for the resource The Resource module in the Basic Process panel references the stateset if any that a given resource will use TYPICAL USES m States for an operator such as busy with customer busy refilling shelves busy on phone m States for a machine such as random failure scheduled failure busy with setup busy with processing gt m States for a doctor such as scheduled appointments hospital rounds paperwork gt telephone calls 5 gt E PROMPTS o Prompt Description StateSet Name Name of set of states that the resource may be assigned during the simulation run State Name Name of the user defined state AutoState or Failure Used to associate the state name with an autostate such as Idle Busy Inactive or Failed or a particular Failure Name If not used the state must be assigned by using either the Assign module or the Resource State within the Seize or Process modules 67 ARENA USER S GUIDE Statistic module DESCRIPTION The Statistic module is used to define additional statistics that are to be collected during the simulation and also to specify output data files While summary statistics e g Average and Maximum are automatically generated for each statistic if you specify an output file then each individual observation e g each tally recorded is written out to an output file The types of statistics that may be def
87. ferred to systems with the Arena software By using the Process Simulation template and checking the process maps as they re created you can be confident that taking the step to move from static drawing to dynamic simulation will be seamless Publish process maps on a Web page You can share your process maps the drawing of your process flowchart with others by using Visio s HTML export feature to publish on an intranet To save the drawing in HTML format select the File gt Save As menu option in Visio and change the type to HTML Files Refer to Visio s online help for more information about the HTML export feature The value of modeling and analyzing your processes can be further exploited by saving process performance information with the process maps The results of simulation runs can be saved in HTML format providing a benchmark against which actual operations or other improvement concepts can be compared To save the reports click the Export button when you have an Arena report open and select the HTML option as the file type Index Numerics 2 way chance 32 2 way condition 32 A Access module 79 Activate module 83 ActiveX support 131 Activity Area module 97 adding plots to the model 23 Advanced Process panel 49 Advanced Set module 63 Delay module 49 Dropoff module 50 Expression module 64 Failure module 65 File module 66 Hold module 50 Match module 52 Pickup module 53 Rea
88. g the triangular distribution 123 gt Oo wn ep Y p N O Q 7 ep o le 5 N ARENA USER S GUIDE Weibull Z a Probability Density Function Parameters Range Mean Variance 124 WEIBULL Beta Alpha or WEIB Beta Alpha f x apra 1 p BY forx gt 0 Kx O otherwise Shape parameter and scale parameter specified as positive real values 0 00 p 5 r Where T is the complete gamma function see gamma distribution a a Applications A STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS The Weibull distribution is widely used in reliability models to represent the lifetime of a device If a system consists of a large number of parts that fail independently and if the system fails when any single part fails then the time between successive failures can be approximated by the Weibull distribution This distribution is also used to represent non negative task times that are skewed to the left 125 gt Oo eb o n O a n ep 5 c n ARENA USER S GUIDE 126 CR Library Shapes and Symbols Arena plb picture files Arena s picture libraries p b files contain images that you may use for entity resource and global pictures You can use the images in these libraries for any of these three types of picture animation You also can copy these pictures into your own libraries draw new pictures in Arena s picture edito
89. gage application process To further explore Arena s capabilities try solving a few of these extensions to the process 1 Add a screening process before the application is reviewed Applications can be screened in as little as 15 minutes Most often it takes about 25 minutes for the screening though sometimes it can require as much as 45 minutes Assign a Receptionist rate of 6 75 hour to perform the screening What proportion of the Receptionist s time will be used in this task 2 GETTING STARTED 2 Return some applications to the mortgage applicants after the screening process On completion of the screening 8 of the applications are returned Also because many of the deficient applications are caught in the new screening the percentage of applications that are accepted in the formal review is raised from 88 to 94 and the Mortgage Review process time is reduced by 10 By how much did the cost of reviewing an application change How about the total time to review applications To view completed Arena models for the main tutorial and these two extensions browse to the Examples folder and open Mortgage Applications doe Mortgage Extension I doe and Mortgage Extension 2 doe N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 25 ARENA USER S GUIDE 26 SY The Basic Process Panel This chapter describes the flowchart and data modules that you 1l use to model your process Additionally this chapter includes
90. ge Review Clerk working at a desk either busy or idle To gain a better sense of how many applications are waiting in the Review Application process over time we ll also add a dynamic plot of the work in process WIP simulation variable Our Arena model will appear as shown below after we add these two objects Note You can toggle between the split view flowchart and spreadsheet and a full screen view of either area by clicking the Split Screen toolbar button or selecting the View gt Split Screen menu item When in full screen view clicking the icons on the Basic Process panel displays the appropriate view flowchart for flowchart modules and spreadsheet for data only modules 21 ARENA USER S GUIDE 22 Initiate am Rewiew pplication f Application ee Mortgage Review Clerk resource Ce Work in Process plot Animate the mortgage review clerk resource During the simulation run our Mortgage Review Clerk resource can be in one of two states If no mortgage application entity is in process then the resource is idle We ll use a picture of a person sitting at a desk to depict idleness When an entity seizes the resource the Mortgage Review Clerk s state is changed to busy in which case our picture will show the person reviewing a document 1 Click the Resource button on the Animate toolbar 2 The Resource Placement dialog box appears Select the Mortgage Review Clerk from the drop down list in the
91. he Busy Hour cell and define the cost rate when the aa its clerk is busy by typing 12 Click in the Idle Hour cell and assign the idle cost rate by spreadsheet typing 12 17 N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 ARENA USER S GUIDE Basic Process Resource A PO OOO PU RIAD Mortgage Review Clerk Fixed Capacity 4 T a 2 0 0 Double click here to add a new row Prepare for the simulation To make the model ready for simulation we ll specify general project information and the duration of the simulation run Since we re just testing our first cut model we ll perform a short 20 day run 1 Open the Project Parameters dialog box by using the Run gt Setup menu item and clicking the Project Parameters tab In the Project Title field type Mortgage Review Analysis we ll leave the Statistics Collection check boxes as the defaults with Entities Queues Resources and Processes checked and also check the costing box 2 Next click the Replication Parameters tab within the same Run Setup dialog box In the Replication Length field type 20 and in the Time Units field directly to the right of Replication Length select days from the drop down list Click OK to close the dialog box Save the simulation model Now that you ve done some work on your model it seems like a good time to save it Click Save on the Standard toolbar or select the File gt Save menu item Arena will prompt
92. he Initial State field specifies whether the sensor is enabled or disabled at the beginning o Oo AL O y O N 7 of the simulation run If a sensor is disabled it will be ignored and never activate A sensor may be enabled disabled dynamically at any point during the simulation run by assigning the SensorState Sensor ID variable TYPICAL USES m Defines a device to monitor tank level so decisions can be made based on sensor state m Defines a device to initiate action when a tank becomes full empty or some other significant level is crossed m Defines a device to trigger re ordering of material when stock runs low m Defines a device to start and stop reclamations from a pile based on inventory level PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The sensor s identifier Tank Name The name of the tank where the sensor is located Level The level location of the sensor if Location Type is Specific Level Percentage 0 100 The percentage location of the sensor if Location Type is Percentage Capacity Crossing Direction The sensor is activated triggered when its location is crossed in this direction Initial State Specifies whether the sensor is enabled or disabled at the beginning of the simulation run If Sensor is Activated Action Type Specifies the type of action to perform Regulator Name The name of the regulator to regulate 101 ARENA USER S GUIDE 102 F
93. he number of customers within a grocery store place in storage upon entry PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Method of specifying the storage name as a Storage Set Attribute or Expression Storage Name Name of the storage to which the entity will be added Applies only when the Type is Storage Set Name Name of the storage set from which the storage is to be selected Applies only when the Type is Set Set Index Index into the defined storage set that contains the desired storage name a Applies only when the Type is Set gt om Attribute Name ofthe attribute whose value contains the storage Applies only 5 when the Type is Attribute D z Expression Expression that is evaluated to the storage into which the entity is 3 placed Applies only when the Type is Expression n Unstore module DESCRIPTION The Unstore module removes an entity from storage When an entity arrives at the Unstore 1 Unstore module the storage specified 1s decreased and the entity immediately moves to the next module in the model 61 ARENA USER S GUIDE 62 Adjust variable 1 TYPICAL USES m Removing the entity from an animation location when processing is complete m Tracking the number of customers within a grocery store unstore upon exit PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Method
94. hen Type is Counter Entity Type Name of the entity type within the entity type set Applies only when Type is Entity Picture Name Name of the picture within the picture set Applies only when Type is Entity Picture 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL Calendar schedule information Time Pattern DESCRIPTION A Time Pattern defines a series of values that change over time For example a worker might be on duty during a standard work shift from Monday through Friday The avail ability of the worker could be represented as a value of 1 when he s on duty 0 when he s off duty The time pattern that defines this availability schedule would list the changes from on duty to off duty over the week Time patterns are saved in an Arena model in the Schedule module with a Type set to Calendar Their data are edited via the Time Pattern window which is opened from the Edit gt Calendar Schedules gt Time Patterns menu option TYPICAL USES m Weekly work schedules e g 1 shift 5 day weeks 2 shift 4 day weeks m Daily work patterns e g 8 hour day with 30 minute lunch break m Arrival patterns e g weekly customer arrivals daily part orders eo PROMPTS a Prompt Description y le III III IE O Category The unique name of the category to which the time pattern belongs A i category named Uncategorized is provided by default Name The unique name of this time pattern Time Pattern Type The type of data to be defined
95. idual station can only be the member of one station set and that individual station may not be the name of a station in another module Parent Activity Area Name of the Activity Area s parent for the station set member 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Prompt Description Associated Intersection Name of the intersection associated with this station set in a guided transporter network Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will automatically be collected and stored in the report database for this station set member and its corresponding activity area Conveyor flowchart modules Access Access module DESCRIPTION The Access module allocates one or more cells of a conveyor to an entity for movement from one station to another Once the entity has control of the cells on the conveyor 1t may then be conveyed to the next station When an entity arrives at an Access module it will wait until the appropriate number of contiguous cells on the conveyor are empty and aligned with the entity s station location TYPICAL USES m Parts accessing a conveyor to be sent to a paint booth m Glass accessing a conveyor to be transferred to a cutting station PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Conveyor Name Name of the conveyor that the entity desires of Cells Number of contiguous conveyor cells the entity requires for movement
96. ified If the method chosen is connect the selected station is assigned to an entity attribute The station selection process is based on the minimum or maximum value of a variety of system variables and expressions TYPICAL USES m A part sent to a processing station based on machine s availability at each station A loan application sent to a set of loan officers based on the number sent to each officer Acustomer selecting among cashier lines based on the least number waiting in each line PROMPTS Prompt Name Description Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 2 D La 75 ARENA USER S GUIDE 76 Prompt Test Condition Description Test condition to use for the station selection process either Minimum or Maximum Number En Route to Station The number of entities transferring to the station is considered in the station selection process Number in Queue The number of entities in the queue at the station is considered in the station selection process Number of Resources Busy The number of busy resources at the station is considered in the station selection process Expression Determines if an additional user defined expression is considered in the station selection process Transfer Type Determines how an entity will be transferred out of this module to its next destination station
97. in this time pattern Types include Arrival Capacity Efficiency and Other Default Value Type The data type defining the default value for this time pattern Types include Numeric State and Time Pattern Default Value The value to be used for all time periods where no other value has been defined in this time pattern The Default Value Type dictates the information supplied in this field a Numeric a non negative real number e g 1 a State the name of a State defined via the States editor dialog box e g On Shift a Time Pattern another time pattern of matching Time Pattern Type e g Standard Work Day 45 ARENA USER S GUIDE Prompt Duration Description The length of this time pattern which establishes the period in which the time pattern will repeat For example a time pattern of Duration equal to 1 day will repeat every 24 hours This field is read only displaying the settings chosen in the Duration Edit dialog box for this time pattern Base Date The beginning calendar date of this time pattern Applies only when the time pattern type is Custom Scale Factor A multiplier to be applied to all values in the time pattern and specified as a non negative real value Lock Times Indicates whether the times defined in this time pattern are absolute clock times when Lock Times is True or are relative times from the beginning of the time pattern when Lock Times is False Time pattern
98. ined in the Statistic module are time persistent tallies observational data count based outputs and frequency based TYPICAL USES m Gathering observational data to compare two simulation configurations save data to file for a tally m Collecting additional statistics information such as number in queue plus number resources busy m Generating statistics on various states of an operator or machine m Tracking the number of customers in a grocery store using NSTO function and Store Unstore modules PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The name of the schedule being defined This name must be unique Type Type of statistic being defined Type may be Time Persistent Dstat observational Tally Counter Output or Frequency based Tally Name Defines the symbol name for the tally This name appears in the report as the tally identifier Applies only when Type is Tally Counter Name Defines the symbol name for the counter This name appears in the report as the counter identifier Applies only when Type is Counter Expression Name of the time persistent statistic value of the output statistic or expression for the frequency For frequencies if the Frequency Type is State this field is a resource name indicating that statistics are to be collected on the state of a resource If Frequency Type is Value this field simply specifies the expression on which statistics are to be collected Applies only when Type is Time Persi
99. ing a part for authorization m Checking the status of a machine or operator to continue a process PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Indicates the reasoning for holding the entity within a specified or internal queue Wait for Signal will hold the entity until a signal of the same value is received Scan for Condition will hold the entity until the specified condition becomes true Infinite Hold will hold the entity until it is removed from the queue by a Remove module Wait for Value Signal code for the waiting entity Applies only when Type is Wait for Signal Limit Maximum number of waiting entities that will be released upon receipt of a signal Applies only when Type is Wait for Signal Condition Specifies the condition that will be evaluated to hold the entity at the module If the condition is evaluated to true the entity leaves the module immediately If the condition is false the entity will wait in the associ ated queue until the condition becomes true Applies only when Type is Scan for Condition Queue Type Determines the type of queue used to hold the entities If Queue is selected the queue name is specified If Set is selected the queue set and member in the set are specified If Internal is selected an internal queue is used to hold all waiting entities Attribute and Expression are addi tional methods for defining the queue to be used Queue
100. ing curve factors for new workers PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The name of the schedule being defined This name must be unique Format Type Format of schedule being defined If format is duration the schedule is defined with a collection of value duration pairs If format is calendar the schedule is defined using the Time Pattern editor Type Type of schedule being defined This may be Capacity related for resource schedules Arrival related for the Create module or Other miscellaneous time delays or factors Time Units Time units used for the time duration information Scale Factor Method of scaling the schedule for increases or decreases in w Arrival Other values The specified Value fields will be multiplied by e the scale factor to determine the new values Not available for Capacity S type schedules 3 O Durations Lists the value and duration pairs for the schedule Values can be i capacity arrival or other type values while the duration is specified in time units Schedule pairs will repeat after all durations have been completed unless the last duration is left blank infinite Schedule data can be entered graphically using the graphical schedule editor or manually using the Value Duration fields Value Represents either the capacity of a resource if Type is Capacity arrival rate if Type is Arrival or some other value if Type is Other Examples of Other may be a factor that is used in a delay expression to scale a de
101. ion station using the route time specified If the station destination is entered as By Sequence the next station is determined by the entity s sequence and step within the set defined by special purpose attributes Entity Sequence and Entity Jobstep respectively TYPICAL USES Send a part to its next processing station based on its routing slip m Send an account balance call to an account agent m Send restaurant customers to a specific table PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Route Time Travel time from the entity s current location to the destination station Units Time units for route time parameters Destination Type Method for determining the entity destination location Selection of By Sequence requires that the entity has been assigned a sequence name and that the sequence itself has been defined Station Name Name of the individual destination station Attribute Name Name of the attribute that stores the station name to which entities will route Expression Expression that is evaluated to the station name where entities will route a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 4 D T ARENA USER S GUIDE Station 1 78 Station module DESCRIPTION The Station module defines a station or a set of stations corresponding to a physical or logical location where processing occurs If the Station module defi
102. is station this can be used to release free or exit the device If Release Resource is selected the specified resource is released If Free Transporter is selected the specified transporter is freed If Exit Conveyor is selected the specified conveyor is exited Transporter Name Name of the transporter to be freed upon arrival to the station Active when Transfer Name is Free Transporter Unit Number Unit number of the transporter if the transporter is multi capacity Conveyor Name Name of the conveyor to exit upon arrival to the station 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Prompt Description Resource Type Type of allocation either single Resource or resource Set Resource Name Name of the resource to release Active when Transfer Name is Release Resource Set Name Name of the resource set from which the resource is to be released Release Rule Determines which member of the set is to be released either the Last Member Seized First Member Seized or Specific Member Set Index Index into the set that determines which member of the set is to be released Attribute Name Name of the attribute that determines the instance number of the resource to release Expression Expression value that determines the instance number of the resource to release Leave module DESCRIPTION The Leave module is used to transfer an entity to a station or module An entity may be transferred in two ways It can b
103. ition is satisfied the search ends and the current value of J is retained Otherwise the value of J is increased or decreased and the condition is rechecked This process repeats until the search condition is satisfied or the ending value is reached If the condition is not met or there are no entities in the queue or group J is set equal to 0 gt gt TYPICAL USES a gt Looking for a particular order number in a queue D m Searching a group for a certain part type 3 Determining which process to enter based on availability of resources search an expression i PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Determination of what will be searched Search options include entities in a queue entities within a group batch or some expression s 59 ARENA USER S GUIDE 60 Signal 1 Prompt Description Queue Name Name of the queue that will be searched Applies only when the Type is Search a Queue Starting Value Starting rank in the queue or group or starting value for J in an expression Ending Value Ending rank in the queue or group or ending value for J in an expression Search Condition Condition containing the index J for searching expressions or containing an attribute name s for searching queues or batches Signal module DESCRIPTION The Signal module sends a signal value to each Hold module in the model set to Wait for Signal and
104. lay time during various parts of the day Duration Time duration for which a specified Value will be valid 43 ARENA USER S GUIDE 44 Set module DESCRIPTION This data module defines various types of sets including resource counter tally entity type and entity picture Resource sets can be used in the Process modules and Seize Release Enter and Leave of the Advanced Process and Advanced Transfer panels Counter and Tally sets can be used in the Record module Queue sets can be used with the Seize Hold Access Request Leave and Allocate modules of the Advanced Process and Advanced Transfer panels TYPICAL USES m Machines that can perform the same operations in a manufacturing facility m Supervisors check out clerks in a store m Shipping clerks receptionists in an office m Set of pictures corresponding to a set of entity types PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The unique name of the set being defined Type Type of set being defined Members Repeat group that specifies the resource members with the set The order of listing the members within the repeat group is important when using selection rules such as Preferred Order and Cyclical Resource Name Name of the resource to include in the resource set Applies only when Type is Resource Tally Name Name of the tally within the tally set Applies only when Type is Tally Counter Name Name of the counter within the counter set Applies only w
105. ll perform in its as is configuration and under a myriad of possible to be alternatives so that you can confidently choose the best way to run your business Our task Analyze a home mortgage application process In this chapter we will examine a simple mortgage application process to illustrate how you can model simulate visualize and analyze with Arena To begin we ll look at the process of receiving and reviewing a home mortgage application We will build the flow chart shown below introducing you to the process of modeling and simulating with Arena Initiate R Review L d N Accepted Application Application lg el aa o 0 gt 0 False Returned ARENA USER S GUIDE The Arena modeling environment If Arena 1s not already running start 1t from the Windows Start menu and navigate to Programs gt Rockwell Software gt Arena The Arena modeling environment will open with a new model window as shown below 4 Arena Modell Of x Fie Edit View Tools Arange Object Run Window Help 2 x Oe Fe 46Q sm e lor pos e YD rm momo O l Project Bar es Reports te Navigate For Help press F1 Spreadsheet view Flowchart view To model your process in Arena you ll work in three main regions of the application au ne ae window The Project Bar hosts panels with the primary types of objects that you will work the left of the Arena with application wind
106. low 1 Prompt Description New Maximum Rate The new maximum rate for the regulator Units Time units of new maximum rate Signal Value The signal value to send Variable Name The name of the variable to assign New Value The new variable value Create Discrete Entity Specifies whether to create a discrete entity when the sensor is activated triggered Animation Specifies whether to display a covered uncovered global picture for the sensor Flow module DESCRIPTION The Flow module is used in conjunction with the Tank module to model semi continuous flow operations such as adding material to a tank removing material from a tank or trans ferring material between two tanks When an entity enters the Flow module a flow operation of the specified Type is initiated 1 e Add Transfer or Remove The tanks affected by the flow are determined by the regulators specified as the source and or destination A regulator is a device e g a valve that is used to add or remove material from a tank A tank s regulators are defined in the Tank module The entity is held in the Flow module until its flow operation is completed The flow operation is completed when the first of three possible conditions is satisfied m When the specified Quantity has been transferred m When the specified Time has elapsed m When the specified Signal Value is received via a Signal module The flow rate of the entity is regulated
107. luggage from the baggage claim conveyor PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Conveyor Name Name of the conveyor on which the entity will exit If left blank the previously accessed conveyor is assumed of Cells Number of contiguous conveyor cells the entity will relinquish a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 2 D 81 ARENA USER S GUIDE 82 Start 1 Start module DESCRIPTION The Start module changes the status of a conveyor from inactive to active The conveyor may have been deactivated from either the Stop module or by initially being set to inactive at the start of the simulation The velocity of the conveyor may be changed permanently when the conveyor is started TYPICAL USES m Start a bottling conveyor after scheduled maintenance m Start a baggage claim conveyor when bags have arrived PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Conveyor Name Name of the conveyor to start Velocity Speed of the conveyor once it begins to operate This value will change the speed of the conveyor permanently until it is changed in another module Units Velocity time units Stop module DESCRIPTION The Stop module sets the operational status of a conveyor to inactive The conveyor may have been activated from either the Start module or by initially being set to
108. m or Constant Schedule Name Identifies the name of the schedule to be used The schedule defines the arrival pattern for entities arriving to the system Applies only when Type is Schedule 27 ARENA USER S GUIDE HA i Dispose 1 i Number of entities that have been disposed 28 o Prompt Description Expression Any distribution or value specifying the time between arrivals Applies only when Type is Expression Units Time units used for interarrival and first creation times Does not apply when Type is Schedule Entities per Arrival Number of entities that will enter the system at a given time with each arrival Max Arrivals Maximum number of entities that this module will generate When this value is reached the creation of new entities by this module ceases First Creation Starting time for the first entity to arrive into the system Does not apply when Type is Schedule Dispose module DESCRIPTION This module is intended as the ending point for entities in a simulation model Entity statistics may be recorded before the entity is disposed TYPICAL USES m Parts leaving the modeled facility The termination of a business process Customers departing the store PROMPTS Prompt Name Description Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Record Entity Statistics Determines whether or not the incoming entity s statistics will be recorded Statistic
109. mirror the shapes you used from the Visio Process Simulation stencil including the properties and connections you specified in Visio In Arena you can set the simulation run length on the Run gt Setup page If you do not define the run length you can stop the simulation at any time by clicking the Pause button then the End button To run the simulation click Arena s Go button Your entities will animate the flowchart as the simulation proceeds just as if you had created the model directly in Arena Because the process 1s being simulated in Arena with the standard Basic Process modules you have all of Arena s capabilities at your disposal including reports on all aspects of your process via the Reports panel selections After you have simulated your process you can save the Arena model doe file to continue work in Arena or you can close it to return to Visio for continued modifications Because the transfer of the Visio drawing 1s from Visio to Arena but not vice versa from Arena to Visio it s usually best to return to Visio However you might want to save the Arena model in case you want to review the simulation or results as you re refining the Visio process map Simulate other Visio drawings In addition to simulating process maps using the Process Simulation add in you can also simulate process maps created using other Visio stencils Arena provides a shape map editor to define the relationship between the shapes in
110. model Entity Location This field is used to determine the transporter closest to or farthest from the requesting entity when using the Largest Distance or Smallest Distance transporter selection rules For free path transporters the entity location must be specified as a station For guided transporters the entity location may be specified as a station intersection or network link Queue Type Type of queue used to hold the entities while waiting to allocate the transporter either an individual Queue a queue Set an Internal queue or an Attribute or Expression that evaluate to the queue name Queue Name Name of the individual queue Queue Set Name Name of the queue set that contains the queue being referenced Set Index The index into the queue set Note that this is the index into the set and not the name of the queue in the set For example the only valid entries for a queue set containing three members is an expression that evaluates to 1 2 or 3 Attribute Name The attribute name that will be evaluated to the queue name Expression The expression that will be evaluated to the queue name Free 1 Halt 1 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Free module DESCRIPTION The Free module releases the entity s most recently allocated transporter unit If another entity 1s waiting in a queue to request or allocate the transporter the transporter will be given to that entity If there are no wai
111. mpt Description Name The name of the queue whose characteristics are being defined This name must be unique Type Ranking rule for the queue which can be based on an attribute Types include First In First Out Last In First Out Lowest Attribute Value first and Highest Attribute Value first A low attribute value would be 0 or 1 while a high value may be 200 or 300 Attribute Name Attribute that will be evaluated for the Lowest Attribute Value or High est Attribute Value types Entities with lowest or highest values of the attribute will be ranked first in the queue with ties being broken using the First In First Out rule Shared Check box that determines whether a specific queue is used in multiple places within the simulation model Shared queues can only be used for seizing resources e g with the Seize module from the Advanced Process panel Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will be collected automatically and stored in the report database for this queue 39 ARENA USER S GUIDE Resource module DESCRIPTION This data module defines the resources in the simulation system including costing infor mation and resource availability Resources may have a fixed capacity that does not vary over the simulation run or may operate based on a schedule Resource failures and states can also be specified in this module TYPICAL USES Equipment machinery cash register phone line m People cl
112. ne or more resources and requiring some time to complete Decide A branch in process flow Only one branch is taken Batch Collect a number of entities before they can continue processing Separate Duplicate entities for concurrent or parallel processing or separating a previously established batch of entities Assign Change the value of some parameter during the simulation such as the entity s type or a model variable Record Collect a statistic such as an entity count or cycle time Simulation settings are defined in the Run gt Setup gt Replication Parameters dialog box There is also a set of data modules for defining the characteristics of various process elements such as resources and queues 11 ARENA USER S GUIDE 12 Define model data Create 1 ED 0 Now that we ve drawn the basic flowchart for our mortgage application process let s define the data associated with the modules including the name of the module and infor mation that will be used when we simulate the process Initiate mortgage application Create module First let s visit the Create module which will be named Initiate Mortgage Application Its data will include the type of entity to be created in our case a mortgage Application We also need to define how often mortgage applications are initiated We ll use an average of 2 hours between applicants as a starting point for our model and we ll make this a random ac
113. nes a station set it is effectively defining multiple processing locations The station or each station within the defined set has a matching Activity Area that is used to report all times and costs accrued by the entities in this station This Activity Area s name is the same as the station If a parent Activity Area is defined then it also accrues any times and costs by the entities in this station TYPICAL USES m Defining a lathe area m Defining a set of toll booths m Defining a food preparation area PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Station Type Type of station being defined either as an individual Station or a station Set Station Name Name of the individual station Set Name Name of the station set Parent Activity Area Name of the Activity Area s parent Associated Intersection Name of the intersection associated with this station in a guided transporter network Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will automatically be collected and stored in the report database for this station and its corresponding activity area Save Attribute Attribute name used to store the index number into the station set of the member that is selected Station Set Members Names of the stations that are members of this station set Station Name A given station can only exist once within a model Therefore an indiv
114. nes the ordered list of stations an entity visits for the sequence named as well as attribute and variable assignments to be made at each of the stations in the sequence Station Name Name of the next station in the visitation sequence Step Name A step name may optionally be associated with each station in the visitation sequence The same step name may appear in different sequences but not more than once in a given sequence Next Step Name of the next step to be visited in the visitation sequence If left blank the default 1s for steps to be performed in the order in which they are defined in the sequence Assignments Repeat group is used to define attribute variable picture picture set or other assignments Assignment Type Type of assignment to be made before transferring the entity to the station specified in this step of the sequence Assignment type may be Attribute Variable Picture Picture Set or Other Attribute Name Name of the attribute to which the specified value will be assigned Variable Name Name of the variable to which the specified value will be assigned Picture Name of the picture that will be assigned to the entity s Entity Picture value Picture Set Name of the picture set for assigning an Entity Picture value to an entity Set Index Index into the picture set that will be used for assigning Entity Picture Other Defines any model status variable or special purpose attribute to which th
115. nes to which category the resource usage cost will be allocated 5 for an entity going through the Seize module 2 Priority Priority value of the entity waiting at this module for the resource s 3 bos ei O specified if one or more entities from other modules are waiting for the D same resource s Type Type of resource for seizing either specifying a particular resource or selecting from a pool of resources i e a resource set The name of the resource may also be specified as an attribute value or within an expression Resource Name Name of the resource that will be seized Set Name Name of the resource set from which a member will be seized Attribute Name Name of the attribute that stores the resource name to be seized 57 ARENA USER S GUIDE 58 Prompt Description Expression Expression that evaluates to a resource name to be seized Quantity Number of resources of a given name or from a given set that will be seized For sets this value specifies only the number of a selected resource that will be seized based on the resource s capacity not the number of members to be seized within the set Selection Rule Method of selecting among available resources in a set Cyclical will cycle through available members e g 1 2 3 1 2 3 Random will randomly select a member Preferred Order will always select the first available member e g 1 if available then 2 if available then 3 Specific Member requires an
116. ng process data To open the dialog box either double click on the shape or right click and select Edit Shape Properties from the pop up menu as shown below Create 1 Edit Shape Properties de Cut Copy Eal Faste Duplicate View Format Shape Ea Help Either of these actions will display the appropriate dialog box for the shape The dialogs that Arena presents for 1ts corresponding modules are designed to match those in Visio so that you re working in a familiar interface whether mapping your process in Visio or Arena Create Name Entity Type Create 1 Entity 1 T Time Between Actas Aaa Type Value Units Random 1 Hours Entities per Arrival Mas Arrivals Minutes Days Cancel Help You only need to add the data shapes if you want to change any of the default values Otherwise they are not needed in the Visio drawing they ll automatically be added to the spreadsheets when you transfer the drawing to Arena C USING VISIO AND ARENA The property values that you define via the custom dialog boxes are stored with the indi vidual shapes When you transfer the process map to Arena these parameters are used for simulation Add data shapes To define the data modules e g Entity Resource for the model of your process you place shapes directly in the drawing for each of the elements you want to define When the individual da
117. ngular distribution with a minimum value of 10 mode most likely value of 15 and maximum value of 22 In the following pages we provide a summary of each of the distributions supported by Arena listed in alphabetical order for easy reference Each includes the density or mass function parameters range mean variance and typical applications for the distribution If you have existing data and want to select the appropriate distribution for use in your model use Arena s Input Analyzer Click on Tools gt Input Analyzer to launch the program or launch it from the Windows Start menu Beta p a Probability Density Function Parameters Range Mean Variance Applications A STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS BETA Beta Alpha fx xP x B B a forO lt x lt 1 Ax 0 otherwise where 2 is the complete beta o as 1 0 function given by B B a jt Uo a gt Oo wn ep Y p N O Q 7 ep o le 5 N Shape parameters Beta B and Alpha a specified as positive real numbers 0 1 Can also be transformed to a b as described below pan gt R Ba B a B at1 Because of its ability to take on a wide variety of shapes this distribution is often used as a rough model in the absence of data Also because the range of the beta distribution is from 0 to 1 the sample X can be transformed to the scaled beta sample Y with the range from a to b by using the equation Y a
118. not the number of members of a set to be seized released Selection Rule Method of selecting among available resources in a set Cyclical will cycle through available members e g 1st member 2nd member 3rd member 1st member 2nd member 3rd member Random will randomly select a member Preferred Order will always select the first available member 1st member if available then 2nd member if available then 3rd member etc Specific Member requires an input attribute value to specify which member of the set previously saved in the Save Attribute field Largest Remaining Capacity and Smallest Number Busy are used for resources with multiple capacity Applies only when Type is Set Save Attribute Attribute name used to save the index number into the set of the member that is selected This attribute can later be referenced with the Specific Member selection rule Does not apply when Selection Rule is Specific Member If Action is specified as Delay Release the value specified defines which member the index number of the set to be released If no attribute is specified the entity will release the member of the set that was last seized Set Index The index number into the set of the member requested Applies only when Selection Rule is Specific Member If Action is specified as Delay Release the value specified defines which member the index number of the set is to be released 31 ro o UJ D 2 o v
119. nsfer device used to transfer the entity to the Enter module s station may be released The station or each station within the defined set has a matching Activity Area that 1s used to report all times and costs accrued by the entities in this station This Activity Area s name is the same as the station If a parent Activity Area is defined then it also accrues any times and costs by the entities in this station TYPICAL USES m The start of a part s production in a series of parallel processes where the part s forklift needs to be released m The start of a document s processing after the document has been created where the mail clerk resource needs to be released PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Station Type Type of station either a single Station or station Set M Station Name Name of the individual station A given station can only exist once gt within a model 5 Parent Activity Area Name of the Activity Area s parent E Associated Intersection Name of the intersection associated with this station in a guided transporter network D 71 ARENA USER S GUIDE 12 Prompt Report Statistics Description Specifies whether or not statistics will automatically be collected and stored in the report database for this station and its corresponding activity area Set Name Name of the station set A given station set can only
120. nsporter Default will place the transporter at the first network link specified in the Network module Network Name Station Name Name of the station for the transporter s initial position Intersection Name Defines the name of the intersection at which the guided transporter unit will be initialized Network Link Name Defines the name of the network link at which the guided transporter unit will be initialized Zone Defines the zone number on the network link at which the guided transporter unit will be initialized Initial Status Establishes the initial status Active or Inactive of the transporter unit Size Based On Determines whether the guided transporter s size will be specified in length units or number of zones Size Value Specifies the initial transporter size in number of length units or zones according to the Size Based On field Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will be collected automatically Distance module DESCRIPTION The Distance module is used to define the travel distances between all stations that free path transporters may visit It consists of a distance name and a list of station pairs and individual distances TYPICAL USES m Defining the distance a forklift travels between processing stations m Defining the distance hospital gurneys travel between various diagnostic areas a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 4 D La
121. ntity is spending time in a non value added activity Initial Waiting Cost Initial cost value that will be assigned to the waiting cost attribute of the entity This attribute accrues the costs incurred when an entity is spending time in a wait activity e g waiting to be batched or waiting for resource s at a Process module Initial Transfer Cost Initial cost value that will be assigned to the transfer cost attribute of the entity This attribute accrues the costs incurred when an entity is spending time in a transfer activity 38 Prompt Initial Other Cost 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL Description Initial cost value that will be assigned to the other cost attribute of the entity This attribute accrues the costs incurred when an entity is spending time in another activity Report Statistics Specifies whether or not statistics will be collected automatically and stored in the report database for this entity type Queue module DESCRIPTION This data module may be utilized to change the ranking rule for a specified queue The default ranking rule for all queues 1s First In First Out unless otherwise specified in this module There 1s an additional field that allows the queue to be defined as shared TYPICAL USES m Stack of work waiting for a resource at a Process module m Holding area for documents waiting to be collated at a Batch module ro o UJ D 2 o v O O P 7 PROMPTS Pro
122. odule from the Basic Process panel which deter mines whether the mortgage application 1s complete 1 Ifyou re using the Auto Comnect feature 1 e it s checked on the Object gt Auto Connect menu be sure that the Process module is selected so that the Decide will be connected to it 2 Drag a Decide module to the right of the Process module Arena Modell Off x File Edit View Tools Arange Object Run Window Help l x JOSE ESSR eelo oe lB o ela aa i w RR N6720 20A 2 A a Mr XHA ooo os mee um ha gt XA The Create 1 Process 1 Decide 1 p f Ar A gt 0 i h fase Decide Basic Process es Reports Ig Navigate Decide module from Basic Process panel selected 2538 196 A If the mortgage application has a complete set of information it will leave the Decide module from the right side of the diamond shape representing the True condition Incom plete applications False result to the Decide test will leave via the bottom connection Dispose the applications to terminate the process Next we ll place the Dispose module from the Basic Process panel representing accepted applications connecting to the True right output from the Decide shape Then we ll complete the flowchart with another Dispose for returned applications 1 Select the Decide shape so that our first Dispose will be connected automatically 2 GETTING STARTED
123. of an ordered list of stations that an entity will visit For each station in the visitation sequence attributes and variables may be assigned values Each station in the visitation sequence is referred to as a step or jobstep in the sequence Three special purpose attributes are provided for all entities The Sequence attribute Entity Sequence defines the sequence that an entity is to follow a value of 0 indicates that the entity 1s not following any sequence In order for an entity to follow a sequence its Sequence attribute must be assigned a value e g in the Assign module The Jobstep attribute Entity Jobstep stores the entity s current step number in the sequence This value is updated automatically each time an entity is transferred You typically do not need to assign explicitly a value to Jobstep in the model The PlannedStation attribute Entity PlannedStation stores the number of the station associated with the next jobstep in the sequence This attribute is not user assignable It is 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL automatically updated whenever Entity Sequence or Entity JobStep changes or whenever the entity enters a station Jobstep names must be globally unique TYPICAL USES Define a routing path for part processing m Define a sequence of steps patients must take upon arrival at an emergency room PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Name of the sequence Steps Repeat group that defi
124. of the component exponential distributions and the number of exponential random variables k are the parameters of the distribution The exponential mean is specified as a positive real number and k is specified as a positive integer Range 0 Mean k B Variance fk B 2 Applications The Erlang distribution is used in situations in which an activity occurs in successive phases and each phase has an exponential distribution For large k the Erlang approaches the normal distribution The Erlang distribution is often used to represent the time required to complete a task The Erlang distribution is a special case of the gamma distribution in which the shape parameter a is an integer A 115 gt Oo wn ep Y p N O Q 7 ep o le 5 N ARENA USER S GUIDE Exponential 116 Probability Density Function Parameters Range Mean Variance Applications EXPONENTIAL Mean or EXPO Mean Mc 1 l rad B R gt fx B forx gt 0 O otherwise o x The mean specified as a positive real number 0 00 p This distribution is often used to model inter event times in random arrival and break down processes but it is generally inappropriate for modeling process delay times In Arena s Create module the Schedule option automatically samples from an exponential distribution with a mean that changes according to the defined schedule This is particu larly useful in ser
125. ogresses youll see small entity pictures resembling pages moving among the flowchart shapes Also a variety of variables change values as entities are created and processed as illustrated below Decide Number of entities out each branch Create Number of entities created Initiate eee Application ar aaa Review ai pom pplication Tm lt r Accepted N a 78 D 6 False a Y Mortgage E gt Review rs T PA 4 Retumed Process Number of entities 13 currently in process Dispose Number of entities disposed If the animation is moving too fast you can slow it down by adjusting the animation scale factor For this you have two choices m Open the Run Setup dialog box via the Run gt Speed gt Animation Speed Factor menu item and enter a smaller value e g 0 005 for the scale factor or m Use the less than lt key during the run to decrease the scale factor by 20 Be sure that the model window is active not the Navigate panel or gt and lt won t take effect Pressing lt repeatedly is an easy way to fine tune the animation speed The greater than gt key speeds up animation by 20 To pause the simulation click the Pause button or press the Esc key With the automatic flowchart animation you can see how many entities have been created are currently in the Review Application process have left each branch of our Decide module and have left the model at each of our t
126. on There are three methods for manually editing the Initial Values of a Variable module m Via the standard spreadsheet interface In the module spreadsheet right click on the Initial Values cell and select the Edit via spreadsheet menu item The values for two dimensional arrays should be entered one column at a time Array elements not explicitly assigned are assumed to have the last entered value m Via the module dialog box In the module spreadsheet right click on any cell and select the Edit via dialog menu item The values for two dimensional arrays should be entered one column at a time Array elements not explicitly assigned are assumed to have the last entered value m Via the two dimensional 2 D spreadsheet interface In the module spreadsheet click on the Initial Values cell 41 ARENA USER S GUIDE TYPICAL USES Number of documents processed per hour Serial number to assign to parts for unique identification m Space available in a facility PROMPTS Prompt Name Description The unique name of the variable being defined Rows Number of rows in a dimensional variable Columns Number of columns in a dimensional variable Statistics Check box for determining whether or not statistics will be collected This field is visible when the rows and columns are not specified single variables Clear Option Defines the time if at all when the value s of the variable is reset to the
127. on and any traffic it encounters on the way When an entity enters the Transport module its Station attribute Entity Station is set to the entity s destination station The entity is then transported to the destination station If the station destination is entered as By Sequence the next station 1s determined by the entity s Sequence and Jobstep within the set special purpose attributes Entity Sequence and Entity Jobstep respectively TYPICAL USES m A forklift transports a pallet of parts to the next processing station A mail cart transports packages from the mailroom to the order processing station PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Transporter Name Name of the transporter to move If blank the most recently requested or allocated transporter is assumed Unit Number Determines which of the transporter units in the transporter set to transport Entity Destination Type Determines the method for specifying the entity destination station logic Selection of By Sequence requires that the entity has been assigned a sequence name and that the sequence itself has been defined Station Name Name of the individual station Attribute Name Name of the attribute that stores the station name to which entities will route Expression Expression that is evaluated to the station where entities will route Velocity Specifies the temporary velo
128. on that evaluates to the name of the regulator to seize Release Regulator module DESCRIPTION The Release Regulator module is used to release tank regulators that have been allocated to an entity using the Seize Regulator module This makes those regulators available to other entities waiting to seize the regulator s When the entity enters the Release Regulator module it gives up control of the specified regulator s Any entities waiting in queues for those regulators will gain control of the regulators immediately TYPICAL USES m Releases control of a regulator A regulator is a device that adds or removes material from tank e g a valve PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The module identifier Regulators Regulator Type Indicates how the regulator to release will be specified defined as Regulator Regulator Set Attribute Expression Regulator Name Name of the regulator to release Regulator Set Name Name of the regulator set that contains the regulator to release Release Rule Method of determining which regulator within a set to release Last Member Seized and First Member Seized will release the last first member from within the set that was seized Specific Member indicates that a member number or attribute with a member number value will be used to specify the member to release Set Index Index into the regulator set 6 THE FLOW PROCESS PANEL Prompt Description Attribute N
129. ooooo o Use Visio and Arena in your organization Distribute the Process Simulation add in Index Publish process maps on a Web page CONTENTS vii ARENA USER S GUIDE viii a A Welcome What is Arena software Arena software enables you to bring the power of modeling and simulation to your business It is designed for analyzing the impact of changes involving significant and complex redesigns associated with supply chain manufacturing processes logistics distribution and warehousing and service systems Arena software provides the maximum flexibility and breadth of application coverage to model any desired level of detail and complexity Typical scenarios include m Detailed analysis of any type of manufacturing system including material handling components m Analysis of complex customer service and customer management systems m Analysis of global supply chains that include warehousing transportation and logistics systems m Predicting system performance based on key metrics such as costs throughput cycle times and utilizations m Identifying process bottlenecks such as queue build ups and over utilization of resources m Planning staff equipment or material requirements Rockwell Software offers a full suite of products to provide enterprise wide simulation templates for various vertical markets and an optimization template Intended audience Arena software i
130. other animation in plots or rotating pictures that reference the variable as well as more accurate time persistent statistics collected on the variable A larger update interval produces faster run speeds TYPICAL USES 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL Rotate a resource picture to 180 degrees at a rate of 5 degrees per second PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier This name is displayed on the module shape Variable Type Specifies the array characteristics of the variable being adjusted Row Specifies the row index if the variable is an array Column Specifies the column index if the variable is a 2 D array Variable Name Specifies the name of the variable to adjust To Value Specifies the target value that the variable will be adjusted to Rate Specifies the rate at which the adjustment will be made Units The time units of the rate Update Interval Specifies the interval between updates of the variable s value as the variable is adjusted at the specified rate Units The time units of the update interval Allocation Type of category to which the entity s incurred delay time and cost in the module will be added Data modules Data modules are the set of objects in the spreadsheet view of the model that define the characteristics of various process elements such as resources and queues Advanced Set module DESCRIPTION The Advanced Set module specifies
131. ow l but can tearoffor m Basic Process Advanced Process and Advanced Transfer panels Contain the dock at another modeling shapes called modules that you 1l use to define your process position like any toolbar y Reports panel Contains the reports that are available for displaying results of simula tion runs m Navigate panel Allows you to display different views of your model including navigating through hierarchical submodels 2 GETTING STARTED In the model window there are two main regions The flowchart view will contain all of your model graphics including the process flowchart animation and other drawing elements The lower spreadsheet view displays model data such as times costs and other parameters As we model the mortgage application process we 1l work in all three of these regions of Arena Map your process in a flowchart Let s start by examining what we re going to do Build a flowchart The word itself flowchart suggests two of the main concepts behind modeling and simulation We Il be building a chart also referred to as a process map or a model that describes a flow This raises a key question in process modeling What exactly is it that will flow through the chart N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 We re modeling the process of reviewing mortgage applications These mortgage applica tions are the items referred to as entities that will move through the pro
132. pe is specified as By Sequence the next station is determined by the entity s Sequence and Jobstep within the sequence special purpose attributes Entity Sequence and Entity Jobstep respectively TYPICAL USES m Convey bags from a location to the baggage claim area m Convey parts from a load station to processing station PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Conveyor Name Name of the conveyor on which the entity will convey If left blank the previously accessed conveyor is assumed Destination Type Method for specifying the entity destination By Sequence Station Attribute or Expression Selection of By Sequence requires that the entity has been assigned a sequence name and that the sequence itself has been defined 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Prompt Description Station Name Name of the individual station Attribute Name Attribute that stores the station name to which entities will route Expression Expression that is evaluated to the station name where entities will route Exit module DESCRIPTION The Exit module releases the entity s cells on the specified conveyor If another entity is waiting in queue for the conveyor at the same station when the cells are released it will then access the conveyor TYPICAL USES m Cases exit a conveyor for packing Bad parts are removed from the conveyor and disposed m Passengers remove
133. ple of the application is shown below with the Machining category selected B LIBRARY SHAPES AND SYMBOLS sa Arena Symbol Factory Stamping machine File Edit View Options Help Categories Flow Meters Food General Mig Heating HVAC Icons and Bitmaps Industrial Misc Intemational Symbols 154 Symbols 154 Symbols 3 01 Laboratory Maps and Flags Material Handling Mining Misc Pipes Misc Symbols 1 Misc Symbols 2 Miners Motors Uy e wm o Lo D 72 o ok wm lt 3 ej O 72 The basic operation of Symbol Factory simply requires you to select an object from a category list click Edit gt Copy and then paste the symbol into your picture editor window or the Arena application window for static shapes Details on the Arena Symbol Factory can be found in the extensive online help embedded in the application You must have suitable license activation to use the full Symbol Factory capabilities In Arena training evaluation Basic Edition and run time versions Arena Symbol Factory is only available in demo mode Demo mode limits use to only the first symbol in each category New categories cannot be created and symbols cannot be moved added deleted imported or exported in demo mode 129 ARENA USER S GUIDE 130 Using Visio and Arena Introduction Since the mid 1980s Business Process Improvement BPI and simulation have become leading methodologies to allow corporations
134. queue sets storage sets and other sets and their D e gt a lt o 5 O D a U O O D N 7 respective members A set defines a group of similar elements that may be referenced via a common name and a set index The elements that make up the set are referred to as the members of the set Queue sets may be specified within a Seize or material handling type module Storage sets may be used in the Store and Unstore module Other sets may include sets of attributes or other miscellaneous elements 63 ARENA USER S GUIDE 64 TYPICAL USES m Various checkout queues in a grocery store queues Animation locations for performing operations storages PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The name of the advanced set whose members are being defined This name must be unique Set Type Type of set that is being defined which may include Queue Storage or Other types of sets Queue Name Name of the queues that are included within a queue set Storage Name Name of the storages that are included within a storage set Other Name of the members that are included within an other type set Expression module DESCRIPTION The Expression module defines expressions and their associated values Expressions are referenced in the model by using their name Expressions can optionally be specified as one or two dimensional arrays An expression value may be formed using combinations of integers real numbers
135. r or add pictures from the Arena Symbol Factory to any plb file View the online help topic Animating Objects to learn more about adding symbols to your picture libraries The Basic Process library supplies a set of default entity pictures that are preloaded into your Arena models When you start a model Arena adds the pictures from BasicPro cess plb to the entity picture list see the Edit gt Entity Pictures menu Also the predefined names associated with these pictures are added to the entity picture list e g Picture Report in the Entity module and Entity picture placement dialog Example pictures in Basic Process plb e O Report Bike Airplane Man Woman Blue Ball Red Ball H HII lo wap T 7 Uy e wm o Lo D 72 o ok wm lt 3 ej O 72 Green Ball Yellow Ball Boat Box Diskette Letter Red Page Blue Page Yellow Page Green Page Envelope Truck Van Widgets T Telephone Package Fax 127 ARENA USER S GUIDE Arena plb libraries The list of standard Arena picture libraries includes Buldings plb Equipment plb Faces plb Factory plb General plb Machines plb Medical plb Objects plb Office plb Office Equipment plb People plb Symbols plb Vehicles plb Workers plb Common shapes may be placed from any of these categories or they may be ad
136. releases the maximum specified number of entities When an entity arrives at a Signal module the signal is evaluated and the signal code is sent At this time entities at Hold modules that are waiting for the same signal are removed from their queues The entity sending the signal continues processing until 1t encounters a delay enters a queue or is disposed TYPICAL USES m Analyzing traffic patterns at an intersection signal when the light turns green Signaling an operator to complete an order that was waiting for a component part PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Signal Value Value of the signal to be sent to entities in Hold modules Limit Maximum number of entities that are to be released from any Hold modules when the signal is received 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL Store module DESCRIPTION The Store module adds an entity to storage The Unstore module may then be used to remove the entity from the storage When an entity arrives at the Store module the storage specified is incremented and the entity immediately moves to the next module in the model Storages are useful for displaying entity animation while an entity undergoes processing in other modules Additionally statistics may be kept on the number of entities in storage TYPICAL USES Animating a part through a number of delay operations load setup process unload m Tracking t
137. rocess modeling 131 C Calendar Exceptions 47 Calendar States 48 chart 7 collecting statistics 36 Continuous 112 Continuous empirical distribution 109 112 Convey module 80 conveyor definition for entity movement 92 distance between stations 93 flowchart modules 79 movement 79 status 82 Conveyor module 92 counter sets 44 Create module 7 27 creation of entities 27 Customer Support Center 3 D data modules 11 27 38 107 data objects 11 Decide module 10 15 32 decision making processes 32 defining model data 12 Delay module 49 Discrete empirical distribution 109 114 Dispose module 10 16 28 disposing of entities 28 Distance module 95 Distributions beta 109 111 continuous empirical 109 112 discrete empirical 109 114 Erlang 109 115 exponential 109 116 gamma 109 117 Johnson 109 118 lognormal 109 119 normal 109 120 Poisson 109 121 probability 109 triangular 109 122 uniform 109 123 Weibull 109 124 document conventions 2 documentation set 2 drawing elements 7 Dropoff module 50 duplicating entities 34 E Enter module 71 entities 7 added to storage 61 allocation of resources 57 combining from different queues 52 creating 27 defining types 38 disposing 28 duplicating 34 holding in queue 50 moving from one group to another 50 on conveyors 79 releasing transporters 8
138. rs and we can accommodate one person or twenty You design the course that s right for you Simply contact our consulting services group to discuss how we can help you achieve success in your simulation efforts Get consulting services Rockwell Automation provides expert consulting and turnkey implementation of the entire Arena product suite Please contact our offices for more information Contact us We strive to help all of our customers become successful in their manufacturing improve ment efforts Toward this objective we invite you to contact your local representative or Rockwell Software at any time that we may be of service to you Support E mail Arena Support software rockwell com Corporate E mail Arena Info software rockwell com Support phone 1 440 646 5800 URL www ArenaSimulation com URL www rockwellsoftware com m gt Y Getting Started Introduction While you may not realize 1t quite yet you now have the power to transform your business Whenever you and others in your organization are wondering what 1f you can look into the future to find the answer With Arena you can Model your processes to define document and communicate Simulate the future performance of your system to understand complex relationships and identify opportunities for improvement N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 Visualize your operations with dynamic animation graphics Analyze how your system wi
139. s with relative times are typically used as building blocks for other time patterns For example a shift time pattern with Lock Times as False might be created that establishes the timing of breaks relative to the start of the shift A weekly pattern with Lock Times as True then could use that shift pattern repeatedly to establish the working schedule for first shift starting at 7 00 second shift starting at 15 00 etc Time Spans List Values to apply for this time pattern and the time periods during which the values should apply If any time spans overlap those defined further down in the list supercede values defined above Value Type The data type defining the value for this time span Types include Numeric State and Time Pattern Value The value to be used during this time span Valid entries are as described for the Default Value Start Starting time for the time span defined as a day hour minute second and millisecond Day values are specified as a day number for custom durations or a day of week for 1 week durations All times are specified in 24 hour format e g 3 00 PM is 15 hours 0 minutes End Ending time for the time span specified as described for the Start time 46 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL Calendar Exceptions DESCRIPTION An Exception defines a value that 1s to be applied for a resource over some fixed period of time The exception value overrides the base value
140. s a negative value the unbounded form is used with as the parameter Lognormal o Probability Density Function Parameters Range Mean Variance Applications A STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS LOGNORMAL LogMean LogStd or LOGN LogMean LogStd ne Denote the user specified input parameters as LogMean 4 and LogStd o Then let yy In uu 7 o hy and o jiako su up the probability density function can then be o written as n 207 Ax OXN 27 for x gt 0 O otherwise Mean LogMean gt 0 and standard deviation LogStd o gt 0 of the lognormal random variable Both LogMean and LogStd must be specified as strictly positive real numbers 0 2 LogMean 44 et ro he Lee LogStd o 1 grata eo 1 The lognormal distribution is used in situations in which the quantity is the product of a large number of random quantities It is also frequently used to represent task times that have a distribution skewed to the right This distribution is related to the normal distribution as follows If X has a lognormal 44 a distribution then In X has a normal u o distribution Note that u and o are not the mean and standard deviation of the lognormal random variable X but rather the mean and standard deviation of the normal random variable InX 119 gt Oo wn ep Y p N O Q 7 ep o le 5 N ARENA USER S GUIDE Normal z o 120
141. s category This name appears in the summary report as the category identifier If left blank the identifier will simply be the Value or Range Category Option This field indicates whether or not a particular category is to be excluded from the Restricted Column in the summary report Storage module DESCRIPTION The Storage module defines the name of a storage Storages are automatically created by any module that references the storage so that this module is seldom needed The only time this module is needed is when a storage is defined as a member of a storage set or specified using an attribute or expression TYPICAL USES m Defining an animate storage for a set of storages PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The name of the storage set being defined This name must be unique The Advanced Transfer Panel This chapter presents the modules from the Advanced Transfer panel which includes the modules needed for modeling the movement of entities from one location to another Example uses of each module are included in this section General flowchart modules r Enter 1 Flowchart modules are the set of objects that are placed in the model window to describe the simulation process Enter module DESCRIPTION The Enter module defines a station or a set of stations corresponding to a physical or logical location where processing occurs When an entity arrives at an Enter module an unloading delay may occur and any tra
142. s designed for manufacturing or business process consultants and analysts and industrial or systems engineers It is typically deployed as an enterprise business analysis and productivity tool We assume that you are familiar with the basic concepts and terms used in these types of systems You are interested in improving business or manufacturing productivity and are responsible for evaluating and predicting the impact of proposed strategic and tactical changes to help improve performance A familiarity with computers and the Microsoft Windows operating system is assumed A familiarity with the concepts and terms used in simulation is also helpful ARENA USER S GUIDE Where can I go for help Our commitment to your success starts with the suite of learning aids and assistance we provide for Arena Whether you re new to simulation or a seasoned veteran putting a new tool to use you ll quickly feel at home with the Arena software Reference the user s guides The documentation set for this package is comprised of user manuals for the software and template components as well as a separate Variables Guide reference that provides complete descriptions of Arena variables found in the Arena product templates DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS Throughout the guides a number of style conventions are used to help identify material New terms and concepts may be emphasized by use of italics or bold file menu paths are in bold with a gt separating
143. s include value added time non value added time wait time transfer time other time total time value added cost non value added cost wait cost transfer cost other cost and total cost Indicator of a submodel process Process 1 o 4 Number of entities currently in process Process module DESCRIPTION 3 THE BASIC PROCESS PANEL This module is intended as the main processing method in the simulation Options for seizing and releasing resource constraints are available Additionally there is the option to use a submodel and specify hierarchical user defined logic The process time 1s allo cated to the entity and may be considered to be value added non value added transfer wait or other The associated cost will be added to the appropriate category TYPICAL USES ro o UJ D 2 o v O O P 7 m Machining a part m Reviewing a document for completeness m Fulfilling orders m Serving a customer PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Method of specifying logic within the module Standard processing signifies that all logic will be stored within the Process module and defined by a particular Action Submodel indicates that the logic will be hierarchically defined in a submodel that can include any number of logic modules Action Type of processing that will occur within the module Delay simply indicates that
144. se Templates menu The Process Simulation template sets up the Visio environment to work with Arena and opens a new drawing Drawings that are started with this template will automatically display the Process Simulation stencil provide custom dialog boxes for editing shape properties and add a Simulate menu to Visio for checking your drawing and transferring it to Arena The Process Simulation stencil which is opened with your new drawing contains shapes that will capture your process flow and data The shapes mirror those in Arena s Basic Process panel so you can use Visio to define fully a model of your process including all of the parameters needed to exploit the power of simulation analysis The first 14 shapes in the Process Simulation stencil correspond to the Arena flowchart and data modules with the same names In addition the Visio stencil contains five connector shapes for properly defining the process flowchart H il de Page 1 You can change the Visio page layout or size via the File gt Page Setup menu For many process maps a Standard page size and Landscape orientation work C USING VISIO AND ARENA Place and connect shapes To define the process flow portion of your model drag and drop flowchart shapes e g Create Process Dispose from the Process Simulation stencil into your drawing just as you would with other standard Visio stencils Then use the connectors from the Process Simulation st
145. sion that evaluate to the queue s name Queue Name Name of the individual queue Set Name Name of the queue set Set Index The index into the queue set Note that this is the index into the set and not the name of the queue in the set For example the only valid entries for a queue set containing three members is an expression that evaluates to 1 2 or 3 Attribute Name The attribute name that will be evaluated to the queue name Expression Expression evaluated to the queue name Transport module DESCRIPTION The Transport module transfers the controlling entity to a destination station After the time delay required for the transport the entity reappears in the model at the Station module Free path transporters are always moved to the same station destination as the entity Guided transporters may be moved to a different network location than the entity s station destination using the Guided Tran Destination Type 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL If a free path transporter is being used then the time delay to move the entity and transporter from one station to the next is based on the velocity of the transporter and the distance between the stations specified in the Distance module If a guided transporter is being used then the time delay to transport the entity depends not only on the velocity and distance to the guided transporter s destination but also the transporter s acceleration decelerati
146. son distribution 109 121 Probability distribution 109 process flowchart 7 process mapping 131 process maps 7 checking the drawing 135 publishing on a Web 138 INDEX simulating other Visio drawings 137 transferring the drawing to Arena 136 Process module 8 13 29 Process Simulation distributing the add in 137 stencil 132 Project Bar 6 Project Parameters dialog 18 Q Queue module 39 queueing 33 R ranking rules 39 reading data from input file 53 ReadWrite module 53 Record module 36 Regulate module 104 Regulator Set module 107 141 ARENA USER S GUIDE 142 Release module 55 Release Regulator module 106 Remove module 56 reports 20 Request module 87 resource constraints seizing and releasing 29 Resource module 17 40 resource sets 44 resource states 40 resources defining states 67 definition 40 failures 40 releasing units previously seized 55 schedule definition 42 Route module 77 running the simulation 24 S sample models 2 saving your model 18 Schedule module 42 Search module 59 Segment module 93 Seize module 57 Seize Regulator module 105 Sensor module 101 Separate module 34 Sequence module 90 Set module 44 sets definition 44 Signal module 60 simulating your process 18 simulation run length 137 SMARTs library 2 12 15 snap 9 split view 21 splitting batches 34 sprea
147. ss 1 f LJ Decide Separate Record CIEGO Queue Process Basic Process mame Type action DelayType unto Process 1 Standard Delay Triangular Hours eS Reports E Navigate Process module from Basic Process panel selected 1597 805 A Note If no connection appears between Create and Process click the Object gt Connect menu item or the Connect toolbar button to draw a connection Your cursor will change to a cross hair Start the connection by clicking the exit point gt of the Create module then click the entry point m of the Process module to complete the connection How do I use Snap and Grid If your flowchart shapes aren t lining up properly you can use Arena s snap and grid features to straighten them out First check the Snap option on the View menu so that newly placed shapes will be positioned at regular snap points To realign the shapes you ve already placed select the main module shapes the yellow boxes by holding the Ctrl key and clicking on each shape Then click the Arrange gt Snap to Grid menu option to adjust their positions to align with grid points You can display the grid by checking the Grid option on the View menu Both snap and grid are turned off by clicking on the menu option again turning off the check box N e ep D 5 To eZ esp y D 2 ARENA USER S GUIDE 10 Decide whether applications are complete After the Process we have a Decide m
148. stent Output or Frequency Frequency Type Indicates whether statistics are being collected on the state of a resource State or on an expression Value Applies only when Type is Frequency 68 Prompt Report Label 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL Description Defines the symbol name for the expression This name appears as the report label associated with the expression in the reports If a statistic has already been defined through a different module the Report Label field will automatically appear Applies only when Type is Time Persistent Output or Frequency Limit May be used to define the terminating condition for a simulation replication When the counter reaches or exceeds the specified limit the simulation replication ends and the report is generated Applies only when Type is Counter Initialization Option Indicates if the counter will be initialized reset to zero between simulation replications If the field is specified as No and multiple replications are performed then the value of the counter at the end of a replication will be retained as the initial value at the beginning of the next replication When specified as Yes the counter value is set to 0 at the beginning of each replication When set to Replicate the counter value will be cleared when the other statistics e g tallies time persistent are cleared as specified in Setup Tally Output File Specifies the system specific fil
149. summary of the distributions in alphabetical order and parameter values is given in the table below Summary of Arena s Probability Distributions Distribution Beta BETA Continuous CONT Discrete DISC Erlang ERLA Exponential EXPO Gamma GAMM Johnson JOHN Lognormal LOGN Normal NORM Poisson POIS Triangular TRIA Uniform UNIF Weibull WEIB Parameter Values gt Oo eb o n O a n ep 5 c n Beta Alpha CumP Val CumP Val CumP Val CumP Val ExpoMean k Mean Beta Alpha Gamma Delta Lambda X1 LogMean LogStd Mean StdDev Mean Min Mode Max Min Max Beta Alpha 109 ARENA USER S GUIDE 110 To enter a distribution in an Arena field you type the name of the distribution or its four letter abbreviation followed by 1ts parameters enclosed in parentheses You may use spaces around punctuation to help read the distribution A few examples appear below UNIF 3 5 6 Uniform distribution with a minimum value of 3 5 a maximum value of 6 NORMAL 83 12 8 Normal distribution with a mean of 83 a standard deviation of 12 8 DISCRETE 0 3 50 0 75 80 1 0 100 Discrete probability distribution that will return a value of 50 with probability 0 3 a value of 80 with cumulative probability 0 75 and a value of 100 with cumulative probability of 1 0 See Discrete Probability for a description of these parameters TRIA 10 15 22 Tria
150. ta shapes are transferred to Arena they will not appear in the model window but will be added to the appropriate spreadsheets instead For example if processes in your flowchart are performed by resources named Clerk and Supervisor you would place two Resource shapes and specify their characteristics cost capacity by opening the property dialog boxes Resource Mame Type Fixed Capacity i Resource 2 E Capacity f gt Costs Busy Hour Idle Hour Per Use Simulate the process map in Arena By using the Process Simulation stencil in Visio you can define document and commu nicate your business processes When you want to predict how your process will operate examine it for bottlenecks and compare possible changes to make informed decisions you can transfer your process map from Visio to Arena where the process will come to life with simulation and animation Check the drawing While you re working with your process map you can check it for any missing or incorrect data or connections To check your drawing use the Check Drawing item from the Simulate menu After the drawing has been examined a list of any warnings errors is displayed as shown below for a drawing that has a connector that 1s not glued at both ends 135 e o Cc gt Ce lt oO o gt a gt Dm gt od ARENA USER S GUIDE 136 Unglued Connection Error Details The conne
151. te that enters the module leaves via one of the two exit Hame points If you want to make copies of an Complete i entity to model parallel processes use a Separate module 15 ARENA USER S GUIDE 3 For the Percent True field type 88 to define the percent of entities that will be treated with a True decision 1 e will depart through the exit point at the right of the Decide module Percent True 0 1 00 an ls 4 Click OK to close the dialog box Accepted Returned Dispose module In our simple process for reviewing mortgage applications all the work that we re inter ested in is done Now we ll remove the mortgage applications from the model terminat ing the process with a Dispose module Because there are two possible outcomes of the mortgage application process applications can be accepted or returned we re using two Dispose modules that will count the number of applications under each outcome a Dispose 1 0 1 Double click the first Dispose module connected to the True condition branch of the Decide module to open its property dialog box and in the Name field type Accepted Mame Accepted Click OK to close the dialog box 2 Double click the other Dispose module to open its property dialog box In the Name field type Returned Mame Retumed 16 2 GETTING STARTED 3 Click OK to close the dialog box Arena Mortgage Applications
152. the Visio stencils and the modules in Arena s Basic Process panel Arena s online help describes how to use this feature which is accessed by opening the Tools gt Options menu and clicking on the Visio Options tab Use Visio and Arena in your organization The combination of Visio and Arena can widen and deepen the reach of process improve ment in your organization You can exploit the accessibility of Visio to ease the transition from drawing pictures to mapping processes All types of process constituents from those who govern the business to the staff who execute the process can directly influ ence the definition of how the process works now and what future to be operations will provide the most dramatic improvements e o Cc gt Ce lt oO o gt a gt Dm gt od Distribute the Process Simulation add in The Process Simulation add in is automatically installed with Arena and is available to all Visio users with no additional fees or licenses required You can distribute the add in 137 ARENA USER S GUIDE 138 throughout your organization so that everyone who has an interest in the process defini tion can access 1t directly through Visio With this approach process maps can be created and shared throughout the organization on any desktop with a Visio license When simulation and animation are needed to visualize and analyze the behavior of the process the drawings can be trans
153. then read from or written to the specified Record Number 1 e row in the recordset TYPICAL USES Reading in airline arrival departure information Prompting an end user for model configuration data menu m Writing order information to a data file such as order arrival order fill time order completion time PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Method of reading or writing used Data may be read from a file or from the keyboard Data may be written to a file or to the screen Arena File Name Name used to identify the file within the File module Applies only when reading from or writing to a file Release 1 i Prompt Overriding File Format 4 THE ADVANCED PROCESS PANEL Description Format for writing or reading the data This format will override any format specified in the structure field of the File module A FORTRAN or C format enclosed in double quotes may be used to describe the type and location of each field Recordset ID Access Type Identifies the recordset in Arena File Name that will be accessed Applies only when the file specified in the File module 1s Microsoft Excel Microsoft Access or ActiveX Data Objects Record Number Access Type Record number i e row in Recordset ID to read from or write to Applies only when the file specified in the File module 1s Microsoft Excel Microsoft Access ActiveX Data Objec
154. ting entities at the time the transporter unit is freed the transporter will wait idle at the freeing entity s station location unless otherwise specified in the Transporter module TYPICAL USES m A part awaiting a shipping truck frees its forklift An airport transfer cart completes its trip PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Transporter Name Name of the transporter to free A blank value assumes the most recently allocated or requested transporter Unit Number Determines which of the transporter units in the transporter set to free Halt module DESCRIPTION The Halt module changes the status of a transporter unit to inactive If the transporter is busy at the time when an entity enters the Halt module the status is considered busy and inactive until the entity that controls the transporter frees the unit If the transporter is idle at the time when an entity halts the transporter it is set to inactive immediately Once a transporter unit has been halted no entities will get control of the transporter until it is activated TYPICAL USES m Stop a forklift for scheduled maintenance m Disable a broken gurney in an emergency room a Oo gt a lt o O D a o 2 D La 85 ARENA USER S GUIDE 86 PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique name of the module that will be displayed in the flowchart Transporter Name N
155. ting system you are using the exact wording of any messages that appeared on your screen a description of what happened and what you were doing when the problem occurred a description of how you tried to solve the problem Get Web support In addition to phone support the Rockwell Automation Customer Support Center offers extensive online knowledgebases of tech notes and frequently asked questions for support of non urgent issues These databases are updated daily by our support specialists To receive regular e mail messages with links to the latest tech notes software updates and firmware updates for the products that are of interest to you or to submit an online support request go to support rockwellautomation com supportrequests And be sure to check the Arena User Zone section of our Web site at www ArenaSimula tion com The User Zone links to a peer to peer forum on Arena topics and has a link to a ARENA USER S GUIDE download page where you can check for possible software updates patches If you can t find the answer you need contact your local representative or Arena technical support Get training Do you need training Rockwell Software offers a standard training course comprised of lecture and hands on workshops designed to introduce you to the fundamental concepts of modeling with Arena We also offer customized training courses designed to meet your specific needs These courses can be held in our offices or you
156. tivity to represent the natural variation in the timing of mortgage applications being submitted 1 Double click the Create module to open its property dialog box 2 Inthe Name field type Initiate Mortgage Application Name Initiate Mortgage Application a 3 For the Entity Type name our entities by typing Application Entity Type application ha 4 Type 2 in the Value field of the Time Between Arrivals section Value 2 5 Click OK to close the dialog box For now we ll leave the default values for the other Create module properties Feel free to explore their purposes through online help or the Entity Arrivals models in the SMARTs library 2 GETTING STARTED What are entities El Appendix A describes the distributions available in Arena Entities are the items customers documents parts that are being served produced or otherwise acted on by your process In business processes they often are documents or electronic records checks contracts applications purchase orders In service systems entities usually are people the customers being served in a restaurant hospital airport etc Manufacturing models typically have some kind of part running through the process whether it s raw material a subcomponent or finished product Other models might have different types of entities such as data packets in network analysis or letters and boxes in package handling facilities You may
157. to the tally or counter set 37 ro o UJ D 2 o v O O P 7 ARENA USER S GUIDE Data modules Data modules are the set of objects in the spreadsheet view of the model that define the characteristics of various process elements such as resources and queues Entity module DESCRIPTION This data module defines the various entity types and their initial picture values in a simulation Initial costing information and holding costs are also defined for the entity TYPICAL USES m Items being produced or assembled parts pallets Documents forms e mails faxes reports m People moving through a process customers callers PROMPTS Prompt Description Entity Type The name of the entity type being defined This name must be unique Initial Picture Graphical representation of the entity at the start of the simulation This value can be changed during the simulation using the Assign module Holding Cost Hour Hourly cost of processing the entity through the system This cost is incurred when the entity is anywhere in the system Initial VA Cost Initial cost value that will be assigned to the value added cost attribute of the entity This attribute accrues the costs incurred when an entity is spending time in a value added activity Initial NVA Cost Initial cost value that will be assigned to the non value added cost attribute of the entity This attribute accrues the costs incurred when an e
158. tribute or variable or that will be evaluated as a single expression to determine if it 1s true or false Does not apply to Entity Type condition If Type is Expression this value must also include the evaluator e g Color lt gt Red Batch module ro o UJ D 2 o v O O P 7 DESCRIPTION This module is intended as the grouping mechanism within the simulation model Batches can be permanently or temporarily grouped Temporary batches must later be split using the Separate module Batches may be made with any specified number of entering entities or may be matched together based on an attribute Entities arriving at the Batch module are placed in a queue Numberofeonttias until the required number of entities has accumulated Once accumulated a new represen waiting to be tative entity 1s created batched TYPICAL USES Collect a number of parts before starting processing m Reassemble previously separated copies of a form Bring together a patient and his record before commencing an appointment 33 ARENA USER S GUIDE The original leaves on this branch en Separate 1 Onpral SEE p l cubicle Duplicates leave on this branch 34 PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Method of batching entities together Batch Size Number of entities to be batched Save Criterion Method for assigning representative entity s user defined
159. ts or Extensible Markup Language Variable Type Type of information that will be read or written Attribute Name Defines the symbol name of the attribute to be written or read Variable Name Defines the symbol name of the variable to be read or written Row Specifies the row index for a variable array Column Specifies the column index for a variable array Other Defines the expression for reading or writing other types of information Release module DESCRIPTION The Release module is used to release units of a resource that an entity previously has seized This module may be used to release individual resources or may be used to release resources within a set For each resource to be released the name and quantity to release are specified When the entity enters the Release module it gives up control of the specified resource s Any entities waiting in queues for those resources will gain control of the resources immediately TYPICAL USES E o gt en lt E 5 O D a U le O D 0 0 m Finishing a customer order release the operator Completing a tax return release the accountant m Leaving the hospital release the doctor nurse hospital room 99 ARENA USER S GUIDE Remove 1 r Jigira E Remoued Eni y 56 PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Unique module identifier displayed on the module shape Type Type of resource for releasing either specifying
160. umn process What was the average cost of reviewing Total Cost Entity Average 22 99 a mortgage application column What was the longest time an application Total Time Process Maximum 33 45 hrs spent in review column a ie N What was the maximum number of Number Waiting Queue 21 applications 5 applications waiting for review Maximum column 2 g What proportion of time was the Utilization Resource Average 97 a Mortgage Review Clerk busy column z D a After you ve browsed the Category Overview Report you can close it by clicking on the window icon to the left of the File menu and clicking Close You can look at other reports by clicking on their icons in the Project Bar Each report will be displayed in its own window To return to the model window close all of the report windows or select the model file from the Window menu After you have viewed the reports and returned to the model window end the Arena run session by clicking the End button Enhance the visualization process Now that we ve completed the basic steps for analyzing the mortgage application process we can return to our model and embellish the graphical animation to gain further insight into the process dynamics Animation also can be of great benefit in enticing others in the organization to be interested in process improvement We ll add two animation components to the mortgage model First we ll show our Mortga
161. unt will increase or decrease the value of the named statistic by the specified value Entity Statistics will generate general entity statistics such as time and costing duration information Time Interval will calculate and record the difference between a specified attribute s value and current simulation time Time Between will track and record the time between entities entering the module Expression will record the value of the specified expression Attribute Name Value Tally Name Name of the attribute whose value will be used for the interval statistics Applies only when Type is Interval Value that will be recorded to the observational statistic when Type is Expression or added to the counter when Type is Count This field defines the symbol name of the tally into which the observation is to be recorded Applies only when Type is Time Interval Time Between or Expression Counter This field defines the symbol name of the counter to Name increment decrement Applies only when Type is Counter Record into Set Tally Set Name Check box to specify whether or not a tally or counter set will be used Name of the tally set that will be used to record the observational type statistic Applies only when Type is Time Interval Time Between or Expression Counter Set Name Name of the counter set that will be used to record the count type statistic Applies only when Type is Count Set Index Index in
162. us distribution returning exactly x with probability c and with probability l c a continuous random variate on x x as described above The graph of F x above depicts a situation where c gt 0 On the other hand if you specify c 0 you will get a truly continuous distribution on x x as described above with no mass of probability at x in this case the graph of F x would be continuous with no jump at x As an example use of the CONTINUOUS function suppose you have collected a set of data x Xx X assumed to be sorted into increasing order on service times for exam ple Rather than using a fitted theoretical distribution from the Input Analyzer you want to generate service times in the simulation directly from the data consistent with how they re spread out and bunched up and between the minimum x and the maximum x you observed Assuming that you don t want a mass of probability sitting directly on x you d specify c 0 and then c j 1 n 1 for7 2 3 n x Xi The continuous empirical distribution is often used to incorporate actual data for continu ous random variables directly into the model This distribution can be used as an alterna tive to a theoretical distribution that has been fitted to the data such as in data that have a multimodal profile or where there are significant outliers 113 gt Oo wn ep Y p N O Q 7 ep o l
163. vice applications such as retail business or call centers where the volume of customers changes throughout the day Gamma Z a Probability Density Function Parameters Range Mean Variance Applications A STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS GAMMA Beta Alpha or GAMM Beta Alpha BOO 1 x P pil Ax l a O otherwise where I is the complete gamma function given by Tr a ie Lol gy gt Oo wn ep Y p N O Q 7 ep o le 5 N Shape parameter and scale parameter 6 specified as positive real values 0 ap ap For integer shape parameters the gamma 1s the same as the Erlang distribution The gamma is often used to represent the time required to complete some task e g a machining time or machine repair time 117 ARENA USER S GUIDE Johnson 118 Probability Density Function Parameters Range Applications JOHNSON Gamma Delta Lambda Xi or JOHN Gamma Delta Lambda Xi j j 1 Unbounded Family Bounded Family Gamma shape parameter 7 Delta shape parameter gt 0 Lambda scale parameter 4 and Xi location parameter 1 00 Unbounded Family 6 6 A Bounded Family The flexibility of the Johnson distribution allows it to fit many data sets Arena can sample from both the unbounded and bounded form of the distribution If Delta 6 is passed as a positive number the bounded form is used If Delta is passed a
164. whether or not statistics will be collected automatically 5 e THE ADVANCED TRANSFER PANEL Segment module DESCRIPTION The Segment module defines the distance between two stations in the segment set of a conveyor The beginning station ending station and segment are used to create the appropriate segment set which defines the path of the conveyor Typically more than one Segment module is used to define the segment set TYPICAL USES m Distillery operation that has a path from bottling to labeling to the boxing area m Baggage handling area that has a path from check in to a holding area to a staging area PROMPTS Prompt Description Name Name of the segment Beginning Station The name of the first station that is located on the conveyor Next Station The name of the next station that is located on the conveyor Length Distance between this station and the previous station Transporter module DESCRIPTION The Transporter module allows the definition of a free path or guided transporter device for entity movement from one location to another Free path transporters move freely between stations and are not influenced by other transporter traffic The Distance module specifies the distances between stations Guided transporters on the other hand are restricted to run on fixed paths such as tracks or rails Movement may be affected by traffic congestion from other vehicles Guided transporters travel on networks defined using
165. xception should start being applied Exception Type The type of data to be defined in this time pattern Types include Capacity and Efficiency Application The list of resources to which this exception should apply 47 ARENA USER S GUIDE 48 Calendar States DESCRIPTION A Calendar State defines a name that can be used in place of a numeric value when defin ing time patterns and exceptions This can be useful if a particular value e g the number of workers in a pool of labor needs to be entered in multiple places but may need to be modified By entering the state name in the time patterns exceptions you can modify the value associated with the state which will apply the new value in all of those places States are defined by opening the States editor dialog box from within the time pattern and exceptions editors TYPICAL USES Labor pool sizes m Standard efficiency values m Base arrival rates PROMPTS Prompt Description Name The unique name of the calendar state Value The non negative real value to be associated with this state Color The color associated with displaying this state Hatch The hatch pattern associated with displaying this state Arena does not use the Color and Hatch values they are utilized by other RSBizWare products The Advanced Process Panel This chapter presents the modules included on the Advanced Process panel where you ll find additional functionality for modeling
166. y be collected and stored in the report database for this activity area Y 6 The Flow Process Panel To meet high volume production requirements manufacturing operations in the consumer packaged goods industry usually involve semi continuous batch processing and or high speed packaging operations While some of these operations can be modeled using discrete approximations often a better approach is required The Arena Flow Process template is one of a family of application solution templates ASTs built on the Arena simulation system The flowchart and spreadsheet data modules in the Flow Process panel were designed specifically to model combined discrete continuous systems e g batch processing and material flow If a system contains semi continuous batch processes as well as high speed packaging or filling operations then it may be desirable to use modules from the Flow Process template with those from the Packaging template Flowchart modules Flowchart modules are the set of objects that are placed in the model window to describe the simulation process Tank module DESCRIPTION The Tank module defines a location where material is held or stored The Capacity is the maximum quantity that may be stored in the tank The nitial Level is the quantity in the tank at the beginning of the simulation or when the system is cleared The Regulators repeat group specifies a list of devices that may be used to add or remove
167. you for a destination folder and file name Browse to the target folder in which you want to save the model e g C My Documents and type a name e g Mortgage Review in the file name field Arena s model files store all of the model definition including the flowchart other graph ics you ve drawn and the module data you entered When you perform a simulation run the results are stored in a database using the same name as the model file Simulate the process 18 With these few short steps we are ready to predict the future The mortgage application model contains all of the information needed to run the simulation Start the simulation run by clicking the Go button or clicking the Run gt Go menu item Arena first will check to determine whether you ve defined a valid model then will launch the simulation If Arena displays an error message you can use the Find button in the error window to locate the source of the problem You can change between the error and model windows by selecting them from the Window menu The animation scale factor is the amount of simulated time between successive screen updates Smaller values provide smoother slower animation If the run finishes before you have a chance to explore these controls answer No when you re asked if you want to view the results Then click Start Over on the Run toolbar to begn the run again 2 GETTING STARTED As the simulation pr

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