Laser Marking a user guide for non engineers
Contents
1. 010 8518 5988 Fax 010 8518 1297 RM1205 9 12 F Tower 2 The Gateway 25 Canton Road Tsimshatsui Kowloon Hong Kong Tel 0852 2956 3118 Fax 0852 2956 0398 1048 Kadoma Kadoma shi Osaka 571 8686 Japan Tel 06 6908 1050 Fax 06 6908 5781 www mew co jp e acg 101 Thomson Road 25 03 05 United Square Singapore 307591 Tel 06255 5473 Fax 06253 5689 Copyright 2007 e Printed in Germany 1151 euen 11 072. Laser Marking a user guide for non engineers en HTT E SUNX Laser Markers from Panasonic Electric Works Panasonic Electric Works and SUNX In recent years the trend to mark and identify goods using laser marking technology has be come increasingly important especially when traceability is at stake Laser marker systems in modern production facilities are here to stay Compared with existing methods laser markers offer non contact non abrasive marking with superior quality and clear contours virtually maintenance free operation and low running costs Moreover laser marking systems are purely optical tools that require no additional printing materials such as toner ink or solvents The operating environment is also extremely flexible and efficient because laser markers can be easily programmed thus eliminating time consuming adjustments required by other marking systems The Panasonic group of companies taken together comprise one of the world s largest indus trial concerns Founded almost 90 years ago in Japan the Matsushita Electric Company has adopted the Panasonic name for many of its international trading operations In addition for optical sensing and laser marking technologies the group adopted the brand name SUNX Sunx has been a pioneer of many sensing innovations for more than a generation Panasonic Electric Works within its automation control components and systems activities is able to offer
3. If you have any further questions about Laser Marking or would like to discuss an application you can contact the UK based Sunx Laser Marking Team who will be happy to advise on what is and what is not possible For more information contact Sales amp Marketing Manager Laser Markers Sales Manager Panasonic Electric Works UK Ltd lrish Branch Office Sunrise Parkway Panasonic Electric Works Linford Wood Waverly Milton Keynes Old Naas Road MK14 6LF Dublin 12 Direct Tel 44 0 7768 013683 Direct Tel 00353 0 879 583385 Tel 44 0 1908 231555 Tel 00353 0 1 4600969 Fax 44 0 1908 231599 Fax 00353 0 1 4601131 E Mail info uk eu pewg panasonic com Web www SunxLaserMarkers co uk Sunx and Panasonic are brand names of Matsushita Electric Works Ltd of Japan E D SUNK Laser Marker Project Requirements Form Company Contact Name Position Address Telephone Fax E Mail Industry please tick Automotive LJ Bottling O Printing Packaging O Pharmaceutical O Other specify Project Details please indicate Metal g Plastic L Glass O Wood Stone O Other specify Additional Material Comments 2DCodel BarCode iDCodel DateTime Logo sizer Other specify Additional Marking Comments Stationary L On the Fly L Line Speed m min Throughput Rate parts min No of Lines of Code Target Mark Time ms No of Characters Digits or example of code Size of Characters Digits mm Potenti
4. an engineering solution to solve the many complex engineering issues that its customers face globally SUNX and Panasonic Electric Works Product Range Switches e Pressure sensing Vision Recognition Systems Laser Markers CO2 and Code Readers Bar Code 2D Datamatrix etc FAYb types e Timers Counters e Relays Electro Mechanical Solid State PhotoMOS e Programmable Controllers PLC e Connectors Micro Miniature and Standard e Inverters e Photoelectric Sensors e Human Machine Interfaces touch panels e Colour Mark Detectors e Servo Drives e Fibre Optic Sensors This guide has been published to help non engineers gain an insight into the technology of laser markers With all of the expertise of Panasonic Electric Works and Sunx it is also to illustrate how after a mark is made using the combined resources of products from both brands the Company is able to help the user to detect and verify the mark and or whatever data that mark or code may contain within the manufacturing and logistics processes Using its UK laser evaluation laboratory Sunx Panasonic is pleased to assess any given work piece or manufacturing process to establish if laser marking is feasible in the laboratory and to suggest how that mark could be achieved consistently within the manufacturing or assembly environment in which the product is manufactured Readers are invited to submit samples for evaluation of laser marking capability Index What is a Lase
5. beam at the work surface This is known as M and in the ideal situation M should be as close to 1 0 as possible Sunx FAYb Laser Markers have an M rating of 1 4 LP W model has M 1 1 and therefore capable of producing some of the best quality marking from industrial use lasers A typi cal YAG laser has an M rating of 20 0 The difference between FAYb and YAG is the way in which the laser beam is produced FAYb is produced in single mode whereas YAG is multi mode This high quality beam factor means that using FAYb technology from Sunx the user will see a much higher quality marked image on his work piece yet at a lower power consumption Single mode ERA laser m gt Light intensity oe amu NT ng Bie HO Be The difference between SUNX FAYb 7 Focus on a small point to acquire single mode and YAG multi mode Multi mode high energy density is possible laser laser beams Koon et gt e ems ji G 40 MAGS Focus on a small point is difficult Operational Life and Maintenance Sunx FAYb Laser Markers are able to achieve a marking life of in excess of 30 000 hours That implies about 3 5 years of continuous 24 hours per day marking without the need for maintenance With some other technologies such as YAG the marking life is more or less synonymous with the operational life implying that the life of the laser will begin to be used up even when the laser is active but not marking A typical dio
6. of more traditional marking methods is still the preferred marking option Similarly for very high volume repetitive marking Laser Markers may not always be the most viable option Laser Marking is increasingly becoming the marking method of choice where flexibility ease of programming lack of maintenance elimination of consumables and high speed high quality operation are significant considerations for the end user How is the Laser Beam Positioned Setting up and positioning of the work piece can often be problematic However in a well designed Laser system it should be possible to use the principle of two converging low power and safe lasers that will converge at the point of focus to a sharp well defined light spot This is sometimes described as the Barnes Wallis effect that was named after the second world war design using lamps at a preset distance from a surface used in the Dambusters raid This pilot laser comes as standard with the LP 400 and LP V W series of Sunx Laser Markers It is often an optional extra from other manufacturers Optimum work distance Guide gt S Easy Setting of Work Distance with the Integrated Pilot Light on a Sunx Laser Marker Health 4 Safety When using any kind of laser in the work environment the user should always be aware of the potential for exposure to an unguarded laser beam The FAYb and CO types supplied by Sunx are Class 4 lasers whi
7. used for laser processing is delermined by the amount of laser light that has not been reflected The amount of heat thal is necessary to raise the temperature of an object by 1 C F Processing cannot be Specific heat performed when this amount is large because the temperature will not rise unless a large amount of energy is applied Tha specific heat of resins are generally low therefore processing ig possible with low laser power Heat conductivity that each object has inherently if heat is easily conducted processing becomes hard because more energy escapes For example ceramics have poor heat conductivity Therefore heat is generated only on the part that is radiated with the laser and that part swells and other parts crack Thermal conductivity Supplementary information Possibility of marking and processing by material Possible O Possible under some conditions x Impossible Note The poao tanangga depending on earns conditions Please contact our office for details Type Model nama Resin Rubber Mood Panar Ceramics Aluminum Iron Stariesssleel Glass LP V series qd 4 C D x FAYb Laser Marker LP W series Q O O x C j gt o COo Laser Marker x O Laser marking on metal Laser light used for marking is only the light that Laser types is absorbed by the melal the light that is not FAYb Note The FAY laser has the same CO reflected by the metal surface When marking an wavelen
8. S A Panasonic Electric Works Espafia S A Panasonic Electric Works Schweiz AG Panasonic Electric Works UK Ltd oc FETTET ttt pa eeseDseeees see eeoeed sear errr eee 6 g rT eee eae wa A i i h e Wi i Rudolf Diesel Ring 2 83607 Holzkirchen Tel 08024 648 0 Fax 08024 648 111 www panasonic electric works com Rep of PEWDE Josef Madersperger Str 2 2362 Biedermannsdorf Tel 02236 26846 Fax 02236 46133 www panasonic electric works at EnnshafenstraBe 30 4470 Enns Tel 07223 883 Fax 07223 88333 www panasonic electronic materials com De Rijn 4 Postbus 211 5684 PJ Best 5680 AE Best Netherlands Tel 0499 372727 Fax 0499 372185 www panasonic electric works nl Pr myslov 1 34815 Plan Tel 374 799 990 Fax 374 799 999 www panasonic electric works cz Succursale Frangaise 10 rue des petits ruisseaux 91370 Verri res le Buisson T l 01 60135757 Fax 01 60135758 www panasonic electric works fr Rudolf Diesel Ring 2 83607 Holzkirchen Tel 08024 648 0 Fax 08024 648 555 www panasonic electric works de Magyarorsz gi K zvetlen Kereskedelmi K pviselete 1117 Budapest Neumann Janos u 1 Tel 06 1 482 9258 Fax 06 1 482 9259 www panasonic electric works hu Dublin Tel 01 4600969 Fax 01 4601131 www panasonic electric works co uk Via del Commercio 3 5 Z 1 Ferlina 37012 Bussolengo VR Tel 045 6752711 Fax 045 6700444 www panasonic electric works it Bui
9. al No of LMP Required Existing Method of Marking competition Timescale for Project Interested in Financing Leasing Options Yes O nol Additional Comments Please complete form and send with your samples to be laser marked to Bob Norfieid Panasonic Electric Works UK Lid Sunrise Parkway Linford Wood Milton Keynes MK14 GLF England Tel 44 0 1908 231555 Fax 44 0 1908 231599 Please include copies of any logos to be marked in did bmp jpeg hpgl format North America Europe AsiaPacific china Japan Panasonic Electric Works Please contact our Global Sales Companies in gt Headquarters gt Austria gt Benelux gt Czech Republic gt France gt Germany gt Hungary gt Ireland gt Italy gt Nordic Countries gt Poland gt Portugal gt Spain gt Switzerland gt United Kingdom Panasonic Electric Works Europe AG Panasonic Electric Works Austria GmbH PEW Electronic Materials Europe GmbH Panasonic Electric Works Sales Western Europe B V Panasonic Electric Works Czech s r o Panasonic Electric Works Sales Western Europe B V Panasonic Electric Works Deutschland GmbH Panasonic Electric Works Europe AG Panasonic Electric Works UK Ltd Panasonic Electric Works Italia s r l Panasonic Electric Works Italia s r l Panasonic Electric Works Nordic AB PEW Fire amp Security Technology Europe AB Panasonic Electric Works Polska sp z 0 0 Panasonic Electric Works Espafia
10. board plastic metal Often when operating at speed an inkjet printer nozzle will clog up or spray ink when and where it is not needed a problem that is immediately eliminated when using Laser Marking There is also no downtime for mainte nance to replace inks or solvents or unclog nozzles Once setup the Laser Marker will mark at the same consistently high quality at high speed for many thousands of hours without the need for adjustment Example of a Laser Marked Code by a Sunx Laser Marker at a Line Speed of 240m min Cooling Demands The power of Laser Markers is much lower when compared with that of cutting welding lasers but even so significant heat can still be generated by the lasing medium With some YAG Laser Markers it is necessary to incorporate sophisticated water cooling equipment into the overall system to help dissipate the heat that is generated by the medium Due to the nature of lasers there is usually a low efficiency power conversion within the laser components Advances in fibre technology for Laser Marking have overcome the need for expensive water cooling systems In the Sunx LP V FAYb Laser Marker Series the fibre inside the controller is 50 metres long and the consequently large surface area this provides means that air cooling is sufficient A system that is air cooled requires no consumables or maintenance Beam Quality One of the most significant features of any Laser Marker is the quality of the focused
11. ch is the standard classification for a Laser Marker The designer of the installation must ensure that any beam emitted by the laser is shielded or guarded against being reflected In particular if there is any opportunity for inadvertent direct viewing of the beam by users or passers by when it is unguarded then the operator and any viewer must wear suitable safety goggles that have been certified for use with the particular laser wavelength that is being emitted In most cases the Laser Marker will be incorporated into a piece of machinery that is supplied by third parties and it is expected that the machine designer will have taken into account such safety considerations Such guarding will typically bring the Class 4 laser installation into the Class 1 classification However the person or persons ultimately responsible for on site safety usually the person in charge of Health amp Safety should ensure that all necessary safety precau tions are in place and that they can not be over ridden except by persons who are trained and qualified to do so Accident Policy In the event that an accident should occur the user should have in place a clearly written procedure of how other personnel should react and to where any person who has been exposed to a potential ly damaging laser emission should be taken for example to hospital Some exposures may cause no damage Some will cause burning to body tissue Some may cause blindness to one or anoth
12. de pumped YAG laser will have a lifetime and marktime of 14 000 hours The 30 000 hour marktime figure quoted by Sunx implies that the operational life of the SUNX FAYb device is much greater than that of any other commercially available Laser Marker Sunx CO Laser Markers can run for min 12 000 hours typically more than 24 000 hours of marktime with minimal need for maintenance other than making sure the lens is kept clean from environmental dirt and dust Apart from the moving galvanometers of the laser beam focusing mechanisms and the fans for air cooling there are no moving parts within a laser system With FAYb and CO lasers from Sunx there are no consumables such as de ionised water or elements that may require servicing as are common in equivalent YAG lasers Alternatives to Laser Marking There are potentially many different considerations for the user to make before deciding on using a Laser Marker as their chosen method of marking The requirements of each application are unique and the user must decide upon many factors before committing to any method of marking Typical alternatives to Laser Marking include e Ink Jet printing Tampo Printing Chemical Etching Adhesive or Other Label Sand Blasting Consumables With few if any consumables depending on the laser technology selected Laser Marking is increasingly offering significant user benefits over most other marking methods However there are still instances where the use
13. e codes bar codes 2D codes RSS GS1 codes logos and virtually any other desired mark or shape Adjustment of the software is easy and switching to a new code for marking can take just seconds X Mirror Laserbeam yp Y Mirror CO YAG FAYb Na px F Theta Lens Scan Area Laser Marking Methods There are many different methods that can be employed in order to create a mark on a workpiece Some materials can be marked by engraving only whereas with other materials there can be a choice of method to be employed Melting and Thermal Gouging Changes the surface material with extreme heat thus changing the reflection of the surface Annealing or Black Marking Encourages a modification to the microstructure of titanium and some steels creating a permanent up to 200 degrees Celsius non destructive mark Some times creates a colour change in the material e g green blue or red tinted marks in stainless steel Engraving Deep Marking Penetrates the surface of the material to cut out the desired mark In glass material micro cracks are created that can only be seen under a high powered microscope Internal Foaming and Carbonisation To create a colour change on some plastic materials tiny bubbles are generated just under the surface to make the mark Bleaching and Changing Colour A non destructive interaction with the molecules on the surface of the material occurs creating a colour change Rem
14. ed from a range of materials each having differing properties to set the desired qualities of the LASER Typical mediums for solid state lasers are elements such as Yttrium that is incorporated with Alu minium Garnet in a crystal form and is commonly known as YAG Some of the latest developments in LASER technology are using Ytterbium Yb as their medium whilst other technologies incorpo rate gas such as Carbon Dioxide CO2 Helium Neon or some other substance What is a Laser Marker There are a huge range of laser devices on the market ranging from simple pointers to sophisticated devices for medical procedures In industry there are some very high powered lasers for welding and cutting whereas others consume just a few watts Laser Markers incor porate a relatively low powered laser device that depending on the surface characteristic of the work piece selected can affect that surface by some form of reaction This is typically due to a heating effect on the material that is generated at the tip of the focused beam Power is focussed at the tip as seen in this laser beam profile of the Sunx FAYb Laser Marker Advantages of Laser Marking The advantages of Laser Marking depend on many factors such as the existing method of marking inkjet tamp print labels etc and the application itself high soeed complex time to mark material etc It can also depend on what is of most importance for the end cus
15. er part of the laser exposed eye that may not be repairable As with any industrial equipment it is the responsibility of the user s management to ensure that all appropriate training of personnel is in place and that all appropriate measures are taken to ensure the safety of their staff This includes when the machine incorporating the laser is in operation when it is not in operation and particularly when it is being serviced or maintained Fume extraction Depending on the material to be marked it is probable that one or another chemical in the form of gas smoke or dust will be released As with every well designed installation such pollutants must not be permitted to enter the environment The provision of a suitable fume extraction device is considered fundamental That product should be able to filter out even the smallest particles If needed the exhaust air of such extractors can be vented to the atmosphere external to the building where the machine is installed but local planning regulations must be a consideration where appropriate Please ask your local Laser Marker specialist if you need any advice Panasonic can supply third party high quality fume extractors Financing The cost of a high quality Laser Marking system is not insignificant The Laser Marker supplier although not actually being able himself to act as a financial advisor should be able to put the user should he she so require in touch with finance institutions that
16. gth as the YAG is performed on copper using the FAYb laser marker LP V10 the reflective rate of the copper is 90 Therefore when marking with 10 watts of laser output the laser light is marking with 10 watts x 100 90 1 watt of energy Ag Silver Cu Copper When marking is performed on iron it can be Al Aluminum marked with 4 watts So iron is easier to be Ni Nickel Hanan Fe Iron The amount of reflection varies depending on the metal surface conditions If the surface is a P M oe att 7 F oa Sa z ane textured the reflection is reduced Wavelength um i Ai Ry z Laser marking on resins Marking on resins takes the form of the patterns shown below depending on the materials The part radiated by the laser The part radiated by the laser is colored or the color is completely melts away such changed as IC packages The part radiated by the laser melts a little bit Possibility of being colored according to the material Colored O Colored under some conditions 4 Not colored xi Impossible to be marked Mate The possibility changes depending on the surface conditions blending elements and other reasons Please contact our office for details Type Model neme Acrylic Epoxy resin Urea resin pa pag NP MP LA FAYb Laser Marker LP 400 series _LP 300 series LP 200 series CO Laser Marker More Questions
17. lding Materials Division Piazza della Repubblica 24 20154 Milano MI Tel 02 29005391 Fax 02 29003466 Sj ngsv gen 10 19272 Sollentuna Sweden Tel 08 59476680 Fax 08 59476690 www panasonic electric works se Citadellsvagen 23 21118 Malm Tel 040 6977000 Fax 040 6977099 www panasonic fire security com Al Krakowska 4 6 02 284 Warszawa Tel 22 338 11 33 Fax 22 338 12 00 www panasonic electric works pl Portuguese Branch Office Avda Adelino Amaro da Costa 728 R C J 2750 277 Cascais Tel 21 4812520 Fax 21 4812529 Barajas Park San Severo 20 28042 Madrid Tel 91 3293875 Fax 91 3292976 www panasonic electric works es Grundstrasse 8 6343 Rotkreuz Tel 041 7997050 Fax 041 7997055 www panasonic electric works ch Sunrise Parkway Linford Wood Milton Keynes MK14 6LF Tel 01908 231555 Fax 01908 231599 www panasonic electric works co uk North amp South America gt USA PEW Corporation of America 629 Central Avenue New Providence N J 07974 Tel 1 908 464 3550 Fax 1 908 464 8513 www pewa panasonic com Asia Pacific China Japan gt China gt Hong Kong gt Japan gt Singapore Panasonic Electric Works China Co Ltd Panasonic Electric Works Hong Kong Co Ltd Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Panasonic Electric Works Asia Pacific Pte Ltd Panasonic Level 2 Tower W3 The Towers Oriental Plaza No 2 East Chang An Ave Dong Cheng District Beijing 100738 Tel
18. may be able to offer one or another extended period financing option to help defer the cost of purchase Feasibility Studies Any reputable Laser Marker supplier should be able to test mark a given sample to show the quality of marking from the system From those samples the user can determine their preferred style of mark font position colour depth of mark etc Such a Feasibility Study can quickly determine whether a request is viable and if so which system is most suited to the application With variables such as power duration speed size of the mark requested mark colour etc it is useful to be able to call in the expertise of a supplier who will have a wide range of similar marked examples already tried and tested Sunx offer their sample marking service free of charge LMP fundamentals Processing by radiating laser light on objects is called laser processing Marking is one type of processing Laser processing includes the three conditions below Laser power total amount of energy conferred upon the objects laser peak output the length of time the laser is radiating the length of time the laser is not radiating Processing objects work Reflectivity Specific heat Thermal conductivity Spot diameter depending on the distances between objects The ratio of light reflected by an object s surface It changes depending on the object wavelengths Reflectivity and surface conditions The energy
19. nstaller there will be no need to change the marking parameters for many thousands of hours In sequential marking such as with expiry dates or item numbering the machine can be programmed to automatically make the necessary updates without user intervention However should subsequent events prove that human intervention is needed the password protected software can be accessed with ease and changes made with minor disruption to the production line The easy to program Sunx Laser Marker NAVI Software can be programmed remotely on a PC and quickly uploaded into the Laser Marker system In the unlikely event of a problem with programming the saved file can be e mailed to the UK based Sunx Laser Marker Technician who can check the file remotely and e mail the updated file to the on site engineer for uploading into the system thus quickly making it ready restart marking All settings that can be adjusted in the software can also be programmed and sent to the system using the RS232 protocol via a PLC Working on the fly Sunx Laser Marker systems are capable of marking on production lines that move at up to 240m min depending on the application Using an inbuilt encoder interface it is a matter of ease to integrate such high speed operations so that the laser is triggered and makes the mark precise ly where it is needed every time Laser Marking is rapidly becoming the preferred option for high speed bottling lines glass PET and packaging card
20. oving Covering Layer For example on a label the laser would remove the coating on a printed area and expose the underlying material thus making a good contrast for the mark Transferring Material An extra material Special ink label etc is applied to the material by the power of the laser beam An experienced Sunx Laser Marker Applications Engineer can advise on what marking methods are applicable and best suited to your application and create various marks on your samples so you can decide your preferred method of marking amp Simplicity of Programming As in most aspects of life experience and training are fundamental to achieving an ideal outcome With Laser Markers from Sunx the design engineers have been able to utilise their many years of Laser Marking experience and incorporate it into a very sophisticated yet simple to use software program that is easily accessed using either the inbuilt software a personal computer or a hand held touch screen interface panel The user can input almost any shape design logo number letter style or code into the software and position it easily for quick programming Using the experience of previously developed and perhaps similar markings the laser power can be set along with scan speed and many other variants and after usually only a few test evaluations a mark of the highest quality is obtained In many applications once the system has been set up by the machine supplier i
21. r What is a Laser Marker Advantages of Laser Marking What is the meaning of LMP FAYb Recent Developments How is the Mark made Advantages of Laser Marking Simplicity of Programming Working on the fly How is the Laser Beam positioned Health amp Safety Accident Policy Fume Extraction Financing Feasibility Studies Marking and processing Laser Markers Laser Marking on Metal Laser Marking on Resins More Questions O O N Aa da a RA AA What is a LASER In 1958 two separate teams one at Columbia University and another at Bell Telephone Laborato ries were working independently and each came up with the concepts that were later developed to become known as the LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation ALASER light source can have various properties that are designed to meet the needs of the end application Typically a LASER emits a narrow low divergence beam that is set at a defined wavelength In contrast the light from an incandescent light bulb is emitted over a wide angle depending on the bulb shape it may be considered as more or less spherical and in a wide wavelength spectrum The physics of laser technology is highly complex and it is not for this simple guide to go into such detail For in depth discussion the user is referred to one of the many sites available on the internet The wavelength of the LASER is determined by an active medium The medium can be select
22. tomer to achieve from the mark high quality mark permanent coding etc Laser marking is one of the few methods of marking that creates a permanent mark which is fast becoming a legal requirement in areas such as food amp drink pharmaceutical and automotive industries Inks that claim to be permanent can still be removed given enough time and determination by the experienced counterfeiter Marking with a laser is envi ronmentally friendly as there are no solvents or inks required and the systems can have a very low power consumption What is the meaning of LMP Some Laser Markers can be used to precision cut certain thin materials such as some plastics and cabling and thus the abbreviation LMP is often used which stands for Laser Marking and Procesing FAYb Recent Developments Recent developments include the use of fibres as in fibre optics that are sometimes described as FAYb Fibre Amplified Ytterbium This is a development by Sunx that took the ageing YAG tech nology and enhanced it to become the foremost technology in Laser Marking By utilising fibre tech nology the lifetime of the laser medium is greatly enhanced to typically 30 000 hours marktime and 70 000 hours lifetime The beam is also better focussed inside the fibre and gives superior marking quality when compared with YAG or CO2 Laser Markers FAYb technology also requires lower power consumption than YAG lasers which is good for helping the environment and red
23. ucing energy bills How is the Mark Made There are various ways in which a Laser Marker can create a mark Raster Marking Mask Marking and Vector Marking F Raster Marking Esas E KE This is a similar principle to a dot matrix printer except a me using lasers to create the mark It can be used in very high speed applications requiring text only no images logos where high quality of marking and lots of text is not important Mask Marking A laser beam is directed over a fixed template that is ideal for repetitive marking where the settings do not change on a frequent basis This has a very short marking time but has major limitations due to its inflexibility Mask Marking can be quite an expensive method of Laser Marking as the tem plate needs to be designed created and replaced with each adjustment to the marking parameters Reversed image aQ Cr Mask Marking Vector Marking This is the most common method of laser marking The laser beam is directed by two mirrors that are controlled via a high speed galvanometer driver The beam is focussed onto the workpiece by an optical lens and mirrors that are controlled by a sophisticated computer programme The light beam position and focus can be changed to meet the demands of the user enabling straight and curved lines to be accurately marked This is the most flexible method of marking and can solve applications in virtually every industry that requires dat
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search