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Design and Installation manual

1. Timm Coupling APD LEE Temm Richgidraim Pitre EN 1401 UGAO Coupling ARD100110 Socket Rodding eye connections _ Rodding Eye Terminal UG amp 225 nor EE CERE I P IEE EE ELLE EGE a nF ie bre cs ns ot M A le M y Yd ers n a i were BES he oo iato Et 4 xa x a u ENIAD 90 Cut to Suit it Coupler 21 Ridgidrain Installation 1 5 Example of Vertical Backdrop 1500 Ridgidrain Rocker pipe 1500 Ridgidrain 1000mm long Amadanhan eH Rocker pipe detail Double Socket Coupler Option 22 Lrunammaannaonnanaan pen a Stub pipe 1500 Ridgidrain 600mm long 45 Junction 1 4 111 p a Minimum 150mm Concrete surround 1500 Ridgidrain cut and fit to suit Standard 1500 Ridgidrain 45 Bend 1500 Ridgidrain pipe set vertically Construction Joint 1500 Ridigdrain Wall of manhole chamber Splash guard pipe stopper in rodding eye if required by the aes statutory undertaker Invert of rodding eye not to be greater than 1 5m above top of benching unless specific man access requirements are provided 90 Bend Minimum 150mm Concrete surround nagan f rr ada E je 1 Hi n 1
2. 46 GENERAL The proposed application dictates the choice of system from Polypipe Civils range of structured walled thermoplastic pipes Product Description Application Ridgidrain Surface water drainage Road Rail Airports Landfill Sport facilities and Environmental systems Polysewer Gravity surface water Private amp adoptable sewer systems Ridgisewer and foul sewer systems capital work schemes The different water authorities have varying performance criteria Polypipe Civils offers a suitable product to meet this criteria General Introduction and Cover Depths 3 1 Minimum cover depths Polypipe Civils Limited recommends the following minimum depths of cover e 1 2 metres from the crown of the pipe to the surface under roads subject to Highways Agency requirements 0 9 metres from the crown of the pipe to the surface under roads not subject to Highways Agency requirements e 0 6 metres under field loading conditions Reduced cover depths may be allowable subject to specific design checks for particular circumstances such as parking areas physically restricted to light vehicles However it should be noted that the relevant adopting authority may have additional installation requirements Sewers for Adoption 6th Edition stipulates that sewers laid within a highway maintain a minimum depth of cover of 1 2m and a depth of 0 9m in all other areas Maximum cover depths The max
3. NOMINAL SIZE A B CODE C D E F Fabricated 100 100 JRD100100T 145 290 70 70 150 100 JRD150100T 190 425 95 70 150 150 JRD150150T 210 425 95 95 225 T00 JRD225100T 270 520 130 70 225 150 JRD225150T 250 520 130 95 225 225 225225 455 905 130 130 300 150 JRD300150T 350 560 140 95 300 225 JRD300225T 550 1010 140 130 300 300 JRD300300T 600 1110 140 140 375 150 JRD375150T 350 660 160 95 375 379 JRD375275T 485 915 160 160 400 150 JRD400150T 360 800 205 95 u 400 400 604004007 720 1500 205 205 450 150 JRD450150T 370 880 220 95 450 450 JRD450450T 835 1670 220 220 E s 500 150 JRD500150T 410 980 245 95 aa 500 500 JRD500500T 950 1840 245 245 600 150 JRD600150T 470 1120 280 95 600 600 JRD600600T 1100 2200 280 280 750 150 JRD750150T 700 1200 Spigot 95 750 750 JRD750750T 1000 1700 Spigot Spigot 900 150 JRD900150T 820 1200 Spigot 95 900 900 JRD900900T 1200 1900 Spigot Spigot TOSO 150 JRD1050150T 1020 1400 Spigot 95 1050 1050 JRD10501050T 1400 2100 Spigot Spigot A B Injection moulded dimensions in mm ET TT BBA Pending BRITISH BRITISH BBA AGREMENT AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 H068 CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 Check with Polypipe Civils for up to date details on certified products 11 Ridgidrain Pipe Dimensions 1 2 12 1 1 2 D bends Fabricated Injection Moulded _ NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B EW WAN n WY A 100 BRD10
4. Sports Fields amp Golf Courses Ridgidrain ADS products are suitable for the drainage of sports fields and golf courses Recent developments include its use in under pitch heating and moisture extraction Systems Environmental Systems Specialist products are easily fabricated from Ridgidrain ADS pipes and fittings Increasing awareness of the need to protect the quality and the quantity of our water supplies is demanding increasingly sophisticated systems Ridgidrain ADS is ideally suited for e Horizontal and vertical soakaway systems e Catchpits e Manholes e Pump and sampling chambers e Stormwater flow attenuation Use with petrol and oil separators Ridgidrain Pipe Dimensions 1 2 Plain ended carrier drain One coupling and two seals are required per joint NOMINAL NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID mm ODmm LENGTHm WEIGHT Kg m 100 RD100X6PE 100 118 6 0 8 150 RD150X6PE 150 178 6 1 6 225 RD225X6PE 225 267 6 3 6 300 RD300X6PE 300 355 6 5 4 375 RD375X6PE 375 435 6 74 400 RD400X6PE 400 457 6 8 2 Lan 450 RD450X6PE 450 512 6 10 2 BBA 500 RD500X6PE 500 569 6 11 8 nnnnnn 34 Te 600 RD600X6PE 592 674 6 15 5 750 RD750X6PE 766 883 6 34 0 ls P S 900 RD900X6PE 914 1040 6 46 0 BA EE 1050 RD1050X6PE 1065 1215 6 50 0 CERTIFICATE Plain ended filter drain One coupling is required per joint Two seals may b
5. As can be seen from figure 3 4 1 hydraulic conditions vary with depth of pipe flow Frictional losses occur between the pipe wall and fluid As water depth varies the ratio of wetted perimeter and area of flow changes At low flow depths the ratio of wetted perimeter to flow area is high This ratio decreases as depth increases until d approaches D As the pipe flow nears full conditions any increase in flow depth results in a significant increase of wetted perimeter compared with flow area As can be seen in figure 3 4 1 this results in maximum flow velocity occurring at near pipe full conditions 63 General Properties 3 4 64 Minimum Gradients Sedimentation reduces a pipe systems hydraulic capacity increases pollution concentration and in extreme cases may lead to partial or complete blockages Minimum pipe gradients are therefore specified to ensure the pipe flow regularly achieves a self cleansing velocity limiting long term sedimentation A velocity flow of 0 75mys is typically used as the minimum self cleansing velocity in system design However certain applications are required to comply with particular codes of practice Non adoptable drainage within a properties curtilage is defined by The Building Regulations Prescribing specific minimum pipe gradients for small diameter sewers Sewer systems proposed for adoption should be designed in accordance with Sewers For Adoption 6th Edition It specifies that
6. RIDGIDRAIN RIDGISEWER POLYSEWER Polypipe Company introduction Polypipe Civils is firmly established as the UK s leading manufacturer of ducting drainage and environmental systems to the utilities construction civil engineering and agricultural industries The main product systems manufactured by Polypipe Civils include The BBA and HAPAS certified Eco Vat rainwater harvesting systems High visibility fencing Ridgidrain Advanced Drainage System Ducting systems in a range of types Extensive range of SUDs solutions ADS in diameters from 100 to 900mm materials and colours including the Polystorm for stormwater management The Ridgisewer and Polysewer gravity market leading Ridgiduct range solutions sewer systems to WIS 4 35 01 Ducted access systems Manholes catchpits soakaways and Landcoil land drainage systems specialist fabrications in diameters up Specialist agricultural products to 2 metres Our Highest priority is the innovation and development of new and existing products with a continued dedication to the highest standards of quality and customer service Large research development and techical support teams have been implemented to Q06225 FM11944 FM318 support the launch of our ever expanding range of products to the industry All products are manufactured within our British Standards Institution accredited quality management to BS EN ISO 9001 and independently certified to
7. Ridgisewer and Polysewer Introduction 2 1 Ridgisewer and Polysewer first to be certified to WIS 4 35 01 Polypipe Civils was a key player in the industry wide project to achieve a generic specification for structured wall sewer pipe systems Polypipe continues to lead the way with Ridgisewer and Polysewer the first systems to achieve prestigious British Standards Institution kitemark status WIS 4 35 01 is the UK specification for thermoplastic structured wall pipes for gravity sewer applications The specification developed by Water UK in conjunction with participating members of the British Plastics Federation British Standards Institution British Board of Agr ment and the Water Research Centre follows extensive research and investigation and sets out a Ridgisewer and Polysewer Ridgisewer and Polysewer are the largest structured wall range in the industry featuring sizes from 150 to 900mm Polysewer pipes are manufactured in uPVC in diameters from 150 to 300mm uPVC is the most commonly used material for both single wall and structured wall pipes in diameters up to 300mm Applications Ridgisewer and Polysewer are suitable for gravity flow foul surface water and combined sewers Applications include private sewers capital projects and systems installed by developers and subsequently adopted by a statutory authority Sewer adoption is the process whereby responsibility for the maintenance and oper
8. 1998 BS EN 12256 1998 Plastic piping systems Thermoplastic fittings Test method for mechanical strength or flexibility of fabricated fittings London BSI British Standards Institution 1996 BS EN 1053 1996 Plastics piping systems Thermoplastics piping systems for non pressure applications Test methods for watertightness London BSI British Standards Institution 2002 BS EN 1437 2002 Plastics piping systems Piping systems for underground drainage and sewerage Test method for resistance to combined temperature cycling and external loading London BSI British Standards Institution 1995 BS EN 763 1995 Plastics piping and ducting systems Injection moulded thermoplastics fittings Test method for visually assessing effects of heating London BSI British Standards Institution 1997 BS 150 4433 2 1997 Thermoplastics pipes Resistance to liquid chemicals Classification Polyolefin pipes London BSI International Organisation for Standardization 1993 ISO TR 10358 1993 Plastics pipes and fittings Combined chemical resistance classification table London BSI International Organisation for Standardization 1993 ISO TR 7620 2005 Rubber materials Chemical resistance London BSI Department for Transport Local Government and the Regions 2000 The Building England amp Wales Regulations 2000 As amended London TSO Scottish Building Standards Agency 2004 The Building Scotland Regulations 200
9. Low pressure high volume Low pressure high volume units are typically lorry mounted with a large water carrying capacity and a facility for vacuum extraction of debris High pressure low volume High pressure low volume units are typically small trailer mounted units with a minimal water carrying capacity and generally do not have a facility for removing material from the system being cleaned Polypipe Civils always recommends the use of low pressure high volume units when jetting plastic pipes The appropriate unit type is largely dependant on the pipe diameter and whether jetting is being used for blockage removal or cleaning Cleaning generally requires higher flow rates to ensure finer deposits are re entrained into the sewage or surface water flow and transported downstream Larger and heavier material is kept in motion through the power of the jets progressively rolling the deposits down the pipeline Typically for the same power output an increase in flow rate can be more effective than increasing the pressure when removing debris Maximum Recommended Pressures The ability of a drain or sewer to withstand jetting without damage depends on its structural condition The maximum recommended pressure for plastic sewers and drains in good structural condition is 180 bar 2600 psi However material does not readily bond to polymer pipes due to their smooth non porous bore and low surface energy Research has shown that debris
10. Table 3 2 5 Percentage Deflection 0 020 0 587 x 100 Class S1 Gravel single size 3 41 ART Bed amp surround soil modulus 2 10 MN m Therefore acceptable Cover depth is gt 1 5 therefore buckling check with soil support only is required 3 2 4 Buckling check with soil support 1 Factor of Safety Ps Pv Pcrs Where 0 6 1 74 933 3642 067 kN m 0 6 x 1 201 x 243 275 kN m 175 30 kN m Pers 0 6 7 83 3642 7 kN m 0 6 x 1 972 x 243 275 kN m 287 84 kN m 1 0 426 Factor of Safety Fs 2 34 gt 2 0 Therefore adequate General Structural Design 3 2 Table 3 2 5 Modulus of Soil Reaction Embedment Compaction Mp Modulus Deflection Strain factor Df for various pipe stiffness Class as table of Soil Lag factor NA 8 and reaction Di deflection coefficient MN m kN m 1223 S0 10 15 300r more Class S1 Uncompacted 5 1 4 7 4 5 4 3 4 0 3 75 30 Kx 0 083 80 7 1 25 4 7 4 5 4 3 4 0 3 75 3 0 85 7 1 0 4 7 4 5 4 3 4 0 3 75 3 25 90 10 1 0 4 7 4 5 4 3 4 0 3 75 3 5 95 14 1 0 3 75 222 55 52 Uncompacted 3 1 5 4 7 4 5 4 3 4 0 3 79 3 0 Kx 0 083 80 2 1 25 4 7 4 5 4 3 4 0 3 15 3 0 85 7 1 0 4 7 4 5 4 3 4 0 3 75 3 25 90 10 1 0 4 7 4 5 4 3 4 0 2 79 3 5 95 20 1 0 25 55 53 85 5 1 6 2 5 5 4 75 4 25 4 0 3 25 Kx 0 100 90 7 1 25 1 15 6 6 2 9 4 7 4 25 2 9 95 14 1 0 4 75 2 9 Class S4 85
11. amp 160mm branches are for EN1401 pipes 150mm branches are for Polysewer All dimensions in mm Order seals seperately These junctions are made to order and are subject to lead times 45 equal junctions CODE C D E F 400 400 RSWEJ400Y 1000 1737 205 205 450 450 RSWEJ450Y 1050 1780 220 220 500 500 RSWEJ500Y 1100 1930 245 245 1 600 600 RSWEJ600Y 1309 2175 280 280 BRITISH B A BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 750 750 RSWEJ750Y 1000 2100 440 440 900 900 RSWEJ900Y 820 2300 440 440 All dimensions in mm These junctions are made to order and are subject to lead times Ridgisewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 90 unequal junctions A B CODE D E F 400 110 RSWJ400110T 360 750 196 46 400 160 RSWJA400160T 210 750 196 51 450 110 RSWJ450110T 385 815 215 46 450 160 RSWJ450160T 400 815 215 51 500 110 RSWJ500110T 415 920 240 46 500 160 RSWJ500160T 430 920 240 51 600 110 RSWJ6001 10T 465 1060 273 46 600 160 RSWJ6001607 480 1060 275 51 Ca BBA Es 750 110 RSWJ750110T 563 1330 440 46 CERTREATENG 092579 750 160 RSWJ750160T 581 1330 440 51 900 110 RSWJ900110T 639 1332 440 46 900 160 RSWJ900160T 657 1332 440 51 CODE C D E F 400 150 RSWPSJA00150T 375 50 196 51 450 150 RSWPSJ450150T 400 815 215 51 500 150 RSWPSJ500150T 430
12. fully perforated half perforated solid invert configuration Solid invert and carrier drainage pipe shall be installed with sealed joints Diameters 450mm and greater shall incorporate a factory fitted integral socket The pipe shall have a blue inner wall to facilitate CCTV surveying BRITISH x AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 H068 24 Model Specification Clauses The pipes shall be thermoplastic structured wall pipes and shall meet the impact Clause NG501 2 of the Manual of Contract Documents for The pipes shall be thermoplastic structured wall pipes and shall have Highway Works The pipes shall have a stiffness greater than 8kNm a current British Board of Agr ment certificate stating that they to BS EN ISO 9969 The system shall be stored handled transported are suitable for the drainage of surface waters The system shall be and installed in accordance with BS 5955 Part 6 1980 The pipes stored handled transported and installed in accordance with the shall be of carrier fully perforated half perforated solid invert provisions of BS 5955 Part 6 1980 The system shall be installed configuration Solid invert and carrier drainage pipe shall be installed with sealed joints Diameters 450mm and greater shall incorporate a with sealed joints Diameters greater shall incorporate a factory fitted factory fitted integral socket The pipe shall have a blue inner integral socket The pipe shall have a b
13. 02 3923 150 300mm Certificate No KM55702 amp KM 55698 Note BBA certificates cover Ridgisewer and Polysewer pipes and fittings excluding couplers the most versatile system in the market these products can be cut and welded allows them to be used to manufacture a vast range of standard and made to measure fittings manholes catchpits and soakaways 2 Polysewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 Plain ended pipes NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID mm LENGTHm WEIGHT kg m 150 P5630 146 160 3 1 7 225 P51030 229 250 3 3 8 300 51230 301 330 3 6 3 150 P5660 146 160 6 17 225 PS1060 223 230 6 3 8 300 51260 301 330 6 5 3 STD AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 55698 Integrally socketed pipes NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID mm OD mm LENGTH m WEIGHT kg m 150 P5632 146 160 3 1 7 225 PS91032 229 250 3 3 8 300 P51232 301 330 3 6 3 150 P5662 146 160 6 0 7 225 51062 229 250 6 3 8 300 51262 301 330 6 6 3 BB popa AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 Y KM55698 ID OD Double socket couplings BRITISH NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B BBA x 150 PS601 150 183 V 225 PS1001 275 260 KM55698 300 PS1201 300 280 A All dimensions in mm Double socket slip couplings 4 BRITISH NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B BBA 150 PS600 150 183 225 PS1000 225 260 300 512
14. 3 1 5 6 2 5 5 4 75 4 25 4 0 3 5 Kx 0 100 90 5 1 25 7 75 6 6 5 5 4 7 4 25 3 5 95 10 1 0 4 75 3 5 Class S5 85 1 3 0 4 0 225 Kx 0 100 90 2 2 0 4 25 dud 95 7 1 25 4 5 3 5 Class B1 85 5 1 5 5 0 4 0 219 Kx 0 083 90 7 1 25 5 4 25 35 Class B2 85 3 2 0 5 5 5 4 25 3 5 Kx 0 083 90 5 1 75 6 0 5 0 3 5 1 Pipe stiffness referred to in this table are initial values 2 Where the designer can be certain that intial pressurisation will take place within one year of backfilling a value of 1 0 may be taken for the deflection lag factor Note 1 For construction details of embedment classes see table NAS Note 2 Quoted values of E assume pipe line will be installed below ground water Note 3 Mp indicates modified proctor density and corresponds to the heavy compaction test in BS 1377 Reference BS EN 1295 1 Table 3 2 6 Modulus of Soil Reaction for Native Soils in Various Conditions E Soil Type Modulus of soil reaction 1 0 Very Dense Dense Medium Dense Loose Very Loose Gravel Over 40 15 40 9 15 5 9 3 5 Sand 15 20 9 15 4 9 2 4 1 2 Clay silty sand 10 15 6 10 2 5 6 1 5 2 5 0 5 1 5 Clay Very hard 11 14 Hard 10 11 Very stiff 6 10 Stiff 4 6 Firm 3 4 Soft 1 5 3 Very soft 0 1 5 24 General Hydraulic Design 3 3 59 Velocities and flow rates for thermoplastic structured walled pipes be calculated using either the Manning or Colebrook Whi
15. 500 569 6 11 8 600 RD600X6 PorHP 592 674 6 15 5 DONDA 7 CERIFICATE No 750 RD750X3 P or HP 766 883 3 34 0 900 RD900X3 P or HP 914 1040 3 46 0 ID OD Ca Double Socket Couplings One coupling and two seals are required per joint NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 100 CRD100 140 133 150 CRD150 185 186 225 CRD225 260 289 300 CRD300 280 379 3 5 CRD375 335 460 400 CRDAOODS 410 490 450 CRD450DS 440 548 500 CRD500DS 490 605 600 CRD600DS 560 713 BRITISH Ds p r BOARD OF 750 CRD750 600 948 BBA 22 900 CRD900 600 1110 BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 1050 CRD1050 480 1280 E All dimensions in mm Sealing Rings EPDM seals to EN681 Part 1 EPDM seals are standard Optional nitrile seals are available but may be subject to order quantities and lead times NOMINAL SIZE CODE 100 SRD100 150 SRD150 225 SRD225 300 SRD300 375 SRD375 400 SRD400 at 450 SRD450 BRITISH BOARD OF 500 SRD500 BBA 600 SRD600 750 SRD750 Za 900 SRD900 BBA 1050 SRD1050 BBA Pending RE Ridgidrain Pipe Dimensions 1 2 10 45 junctions NOMINAL SIZE A B CODE C D E F 100 100 JRD100100Y 215 340 70 70 150 100 JRD150100Y 295 365 95 70 150 150 JRD150150Y 405 730 95 95 225 100 JRD225100Y 2320 520 130 70 225 150 JRD225150Y 305 520 130 95 225 225 JRD225225Y 575 1055 130 130 300 150 JRD300150Y 405 560 140 130 300 225
16. 65 150 BRD150X45 115 65 225 BRD225X45 270 130 300 BRD300X45 350 140 375 BRD375X45 420 160 400 BRD400X45 460 205 450 BRD450X45 530 220 500 BRD500X45 490 245 600 BRD600X45 560 280 750 BRD750X45 800 Spigot 900 BRD900X45 1000 Spigot 1050 BRD1050X45 1200 Spigot Injection Moulded dimensions in mm dupe h k h il f BRITISH BRITISH 1050mm Not BBA certified Ridgidrain Pipe Dimensions 1 2 90 bends Fabricated NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 100 BRD100X87 5 260 65 150 BRD150X87 5 375 90 225 BRD225X90 540 130 300 BRD300X90 590 140 3 5 BRD37 5X90 960 160 400 BRD400X90 780 205 450 BRD450X90 850 220 500 BRD500X90 985 245 600 BRD600X90 1120 280 0 o 750 BRD750X90 1000 Spigot B 900 BRD900X90 1200 Spigot A 105077 BRD1050X90 1400 Spigot Injection Moulded All dimensions in mm 1050mm Not certified A 90 lobster back bends NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B C D 225 BLBRD225X90 384 135 417 Spigot 300 BLBRD300X90 394 134 507 Spigot 375 BLBRD375X90 463 269 620 Spigot 400 BLBRD400X90 411 196 646 Spigot 450 BLBRD450X90 441 215 667 Spigot 500 BLBRD500X90 488 250 687 Spigot 600 BLBRD600X90 533 275 728 Spigot 750 BLBRD750X90 738 440 818 658 900 BLBRD900X90 770 440 882 690 BRITISH BRITISH BOARD OF BB A BOARD OF AGR MENT AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 02 H068 CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 Type 6 fin drain S
17. 920 240 51 600 150 RSWPSJ600150T 480 1060 2 5 51 50 150 RSWPSJ750150T 581 1330 440 51 900 150 RSWPSJ900150T 657 1332 440 51 110 amp 160mm branches are for EN1401 pipes 150mm branches are for Polysewer All dimensions in mm Order seals seperately These junctions are made to order and are subject to lead times 90 equal junctions A B CODE C D E F 400 400 RSWEJAOOT 00 1380 205 205 450 450 RSWEJ450T 850 1792 245 245 500 500 RSWEJ500T 850 1792 245 245 600 600 RSWEJ600T 1350 1975 280 280 150 750 RSWEJ750T 1000 1700 440 440 900 900 RSWEJ900T 1200 1900 440 440 dimensions in mm These junctions are made to order and are subject to lead times BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 Ridgisewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 3m junction single made to order CODE C D E F G 400 160 RSWJ400160Yx3S 440 3000 205 230 50 450 160 RSWJ450160Yx3S 467 3000 220 250 50 500 160 RSWJ500160Yx3S 496 3000 245 280 50 600 160 RSWJ600160Yx3S 548 3000 280 325 50 150 160 RSWJ750160Yx3S 652 3000 440 450 50 900 160 RSWJ900160Yx3S 728 3000 440 435 50 400 150 RSWPSJ400150Yx35 440 3000 205 230 50 450 150 RSWPSJ450150Yx35 467 3000 220 250 50 BA 2 500 150 RSWPSJ500150Yx35 496 3000 245 280 50 ceri A EMENT 600 150 RSWPSJ600150Yx35 548 3000 280 325 50 150 150 RSWPSJ750150Yx35 65
18. F m F FLI Where the minimum depth of cover can not be acheived protective measures should be undertaken This may take the form of one of the following However it should be noted that Sewer undertakers may have a particular protection method preference Concrete Protection Slab Road Construction pA Z ct lt Nn 1ess than 1 2m Minimum 150mm Reinforced concrete slab may 5 precast extending to trench walls and sufficiently strong to span across P Selected granular material This detail is recommended where depths of cover are less than recommended or where loading is excessive see section 3 1 idoma nn under pige Asmala This detail is preferable to a concrete bed and surround because the flexibility practicable but not of the pipe system is maintained less than 150mm 150mm 150mm Flexible Joint in Concrete Bed and Surround Compressible Board Compressible Board Joint filler board should be placed in contact with the end of the socket at a pipe joint and should extend through the full thickness of the concrete in contact with the pipe Flexible joints shall be at intervals of 5m or at each joint whichever is the greater 44 Ridgisewer Installation 2 5 Concrete Bed and Surround Road Construction S es c _ O Native soil 1ess than 1 2m y 150mm 150mm Concrete where necessary e g concr
19. ISO 1277 Leaktightness of seals Deflection BS EN ISO 1277 Long term strength and heat BS EN 1437 resistance Box Load Test 150 375mm only Internal puncture WIS 4 35 01 Appendix B Water Jetting WIS 4 35 01 Appendix C Longitudinal bending WIS 4 35 01 Appendix D Heat test BS EN 742 Stress relief of injection moulded Couplers BS 2782 Refer to WIS 4 35 01 for specific details of individual tests Pipe Specification Ridgisewer pipes are offered in stiffness class SN4 as standard In accordance with WIS 4 35 01 pipes may be manufactured in two stiffness classifications In order to satisfy the relevant stiffness classification when tested in accordance with BS EN ISO 9969 1995 the pipe must have a nominal short term ring stiffness not less than either e The stated nominal short term ring stiffness WIS 4 35 01 Table 6 or e The stated creep ratio WIS 4 35 01 Table 3 multiplied by a stated 2 year stiffness WIS 4 35 01 Table 3 Consequently in order to comply with WIS 4 35 01 Class 5 4 Ridgisewer does in fact have a short term ring stiffness no less than 8 kN m A comparison may be drawn with flexible highway drainage systems which are required to have a short term ring stiffness of 6kn m In addition to being manufactured under a BS EN ISO 9001 2000 quality management system Ridgisewer has undergone extensive testing by independent third parties resulting in the following certification e BSI Kite Mark Cert
20. JRD300225Y 620 1050 140 130 300 300 JRD300300Y 690 1310 140 140 375 150 JRD375150Y 445 660 160 95 27 5 319 JRD375375Y 650 1600 160 160 400 150 JRD4001 50Y 460 800 205 95 400 400 JRD400400Y 700 1700 205 205 450 150 JRD4501 50Y 495 880 220 95 450 450 JRD450450Y 900 1400 220 220 500 150 JRD500150Y 540 975 245 95 500 500 JRD500500Y 1050 2000 245 245 600 150 JRD600150Y 575 1120 280 95 600 600 JRD600600Y 1100 2020 280 280 750 150 JRD750150Y 700 1200 Spigot 95 750 750 JRD750750Y 1000 2100 Spigot Spigot 900 150 JRD9001 50Y 820 1200 Spigot 95 900 900 JRD900900Y 820 2300 Spigot Spigot 1050 150 JRD1050150Y 1020 1400 Spigot 95 1050 1050 JRD10501050Y 1600 2400 Spigot Spigot Injection moulded All dimensions in mm BBA Pending This product selector incorporates dimensions for the most common bends and junctions Junctions incorporating other angles and diameters and bends incorporating other angles are available as specials Manholes catchpits soakaways ducting drawpits pumping chambers and specialist items manufactured to customer specifications are also available For further information contact the Technical Department at Polypipe Civils Fabricated BRITISH BRITISH BOARD OF BB A BOARD OF AGREMENT AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 H068 CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 Check with Polypipe Civils for up to date details on certified products Ridgidrain Pipe Dimensions 1 2 90 junctions
21. Manual Contracts Documents of Highway works MCDHW The following standard details reference the MCDHW and illustrate pipe bed and surround requirements for carrier or filter drain installation Standard details Granular pipe bed and surround material consisting of natural and or recycled coarse aggregate or recycled concrete aggregate should have the following specification in accordance with clause 503 3 MCDHW For pipes on beds shown on HCD Drawing Number F1 as Types B F and S BS EN 13242 Coarse aggregate clause 4 3 2 Aggregate size mm Nominal pipe diameter mm Graded Single Size Up to 140 4 10 gt 140 to 400 2 14 or 4 20 4 10 6 10 or 10 20 gt 400 2 14 4 20 or 4 40 4 10 6 14 10 20 or 20 40 a Category for general grading requirements G_80 20 b Category for maximum values of fines content i Gravel f1 5 i Crushed rock recycled aggregate f4 resistance to fragmentation in Category LA5O in accordance with BS EN 13242 clause 5 2 and Table 9 d A water soluble sulfate content of less than 1 9 grams of sulfate as SO3 per litre when tested in accordance with BS EN 1744 1 clause 10 e All other requirements in Category NR Ridgidrain Installation 1 5 18 Standard details to the manual of contract document for highway works Type S Surface water carrier drains Type T Surface water carrier drains 600 max 600 max 2 X 300 min X 300 min 222
22. RSWCAOO 410 490 BBA AGREMENT 450 RSWC450 440 548 500 RSWC500 490 605 V 600 RSWC600 560 749 KM55701 All dimensions in mm Double socket slip couplings 2 NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B BBA 400 RSWS C400 3 92 490 CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 450 RSWSC450 A20 548 500 RSWSC500 470 605 600 RSWSC600 540 713 KM55701 All dimensions in mm Sealing rings NOMINAL SIZE CODE LZ 8 400 SRDSAOO BBA 450 SRDS450 CERTIDICATE 03 3579 500 SRDS500 600 SRDS600 V 750 5750 KM55701 900 SRDS900 Ridgisewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 45 unequal junctions A B CODE F 400 110 RSWJ400110Y 395 50 190 46 400 160 RSWJ400160Y 435 750 196 51 450 110 RSWJ4501 10Y 422 815 215 46 450 160 RSWJ450160Y 462 815 215 51 500 110 RSWJ500110Y 450 920 240 46 500 160 RSWJ500160Y 490 920 240 51 600 110 RSWJ6001 10Y 503 1060 2739 46 600 160 RSWJ600160Y 543 1060 275 34 750 110 RSWJ750110Y 545 1330 440 46 750 160 RSWJ750160Y 584 1330 440 51 900 110 RSWJ9001 10Y 629 1332 440 46 900 160 RSWJ900160Y 668 1332 440 51 AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 A Code C D E F f J BBA 400 150 RSWPSJAO0150Y 435 750 196 51 450 150 RSWPSJA50150Y 462 815 215 51 500 150 RSWPSJ500150Y 490 920 240 21 600 150 RSWPSJ600150Y 543 1060 275 34 50 150 RSWPSJ750150Y 584 1330 440 51 900 150 RSWPSJ900150Y 668 1332 440 21 110
23. can be easily removed from plastic pipes at pressures below 1500 psi It should be noted that where details of the sewer material or structural condition is unavailable and there is no evidence to suggest the pipe is in a good condition it is recommended that a maximum pump pressure of 130 bar 1900 psi is used Except in areas where brick masonry or pitch fibre sewers may be present a maximum 100 bar 1500 psi is recommended Recommended maximum jetting pressures may be as low as 80 bar 1200 psi for pipes in extremely poor structural condition 5 General Certification 3 7 Summary of Basic System Performance Tests The table below is intended to give an indication of the extensive performance tests carried out on structured walled thermoplastic pipes Reference should be made to the relevant system specification for performance requirement details PRODUCT PROPERTY STANDARD RIDGIDRAIN dodi POLYSEWER Ring flexibility BS EN 1446 X X Ring stiffness BS EN ISO 9969 X X X Creep Ratio BS EN ISO 9967 X X X Impact resistance BS EN 1411 X X X Leaktightness of joints BS EN ISO 1277 X X X Strength or flexibility of fabricated fittings BS EN ISO 12256 X X Water tightness of fabricated fittings BS EN 1053 X X X Long term strength and heat resistance BS EN 1437 X Box loading Heat test Injection moulded fittings BS EN 763 X X X Resistance to water Jetting Specification dependant X X X Longitudinal bending Specification depend
24. connection drill hole through manhole wall e Break out existing benching e The length of rocker pipe required is generally in accordance with the following table Table 1 Extracted from CESWI 6th Edition NOMINAL DIAMETER EFFECTIVE LENGTH mm m 150 to 600 0 60 675 to 750 1 00 over 750 1 25 e Position stub and rocker pipes e Concrete in to position e Proceed to lay full length pipes away from manhole 79 FAQ Section 3 8 Q How do repair a section of damaged pipe A The following procedure may be used to repair damage to an installed section of pipe e Excavate as required and remove the damaged section of pipe ensuring all cuts are square and clean e Remove sufficient backfill and bed and surround material to enable the insertion of slip couplings completely over the ends of the undamaged pipe Lubricate the inside of the couplings prior to installation e Fit sealing rings between the first and second pipe corrugations at each end of the undamaged pipe and lubricate e Cut a length of new pipe to replace the removed damaged section and fit sealing rings between the first and second corrugations at each end of pipe and lubricate e Insert the new pipe and centre the slip couplings over each joint e Form new bed and surround Reinstate backfill to trench Note Flexible rubber couplings may be used in place of slip couplings for diameters up to 600mm Flexible rubbe
25. overloaded will deflect further to generate greater passive earth pressures until the system regains equilibrium Pipe deformation The deformation of flexible pipes under load results in the ovalisation of the pipe a reduction in the vertical diameter and an increase in the horizontal diameter As the horizontal diameter of the pipe increases it derives support from the sidefill and trench wall This passive earth pressure increases as the pipe deforms further until the pipe soil system comes into equilibrium Further deformation will not occur thereafter unless a higher vertical load is applied to the pipe soil system or consolidation or creep of the materials occurs over a long period of time It is internationally recognised that when a pipe is installed in accordance with an appropriate code of practice increases in deflection virtually stops after a short period of time The duration of time is dependent on soil and installation conditions but generally does not exceed two years Serviceability limits Deformation of flexible pipes must occur if the pipe soil system is to reach equilibrium Therefore deformation is not detrimental but a natural action allowed for in flexible pipe design European research on flexible pipes has shown that pipe deformations of more than 3096 have occurred in practice without signs of structural failure However it is accepted that a limit on vertical deformation is necessary to ensure adeq
26. process Both graphical and tabular methods have been published to assist in the determination of a pipes hydraulic property Typically a chart or table valid for a particular pipe roughness details four dependant variables D Sf v amp Q Therefore if any two variables are known it is possible to determine the remaining two variables Extensive work has been carried out in this field by H R Wallingford who have published data in a tabular format R Wallingford and D I H Barr Tables for the hydraulic design of pipes sewers and channels 7th Edition Volume 1 Figures 3 3 2 3 3 3 and 3 3 4 are graphical examples based on typical roughness co efficients used in structured thermoplastic pipe design 59 General Hydraulic Design 3 3 60 Fi 3 3 2 Flow Chart for ks 0 06mm IIT HR EN 000 LINE LP NV PP NI A NTI NTON AT TINT TET _ LUN LEDUIN HEIN T QUERER ART DU Vn MAIN NAN ANTE TET ANTT AA HUY KUNE LE WEE NUK PINE LINEN 18 ALCON TINT RAR HANYA A MANN 5 MOI General Hydraulic Design 3 3 3 3 2 Flow Chart for ks 0 6mm N ML i IN li JN A TUE m NN NL MILL DU
27. respectively the critical pressure for buckling of flexible pipes Where the depth of cover is less than 1 5m an addition check is performed to mimic the temporary case of adjacent excavations Buckling check without soil support Factor of Safety Fs gt 1 5 Pe Where Pers 24 x EI D The short term value of pipe modulus E is used to calculate Pers 55 General structural Design 3 2 3 2 3 Design Example Product 600mm 0 Ridgisewer 5 4 Calculation of soil modulus adjustment factor Application Adoptable sewer beneath an A road Pipe O D Bc 672mm Burial Depth 3 0m to pipe crown Trench width Ba Bc 300mm Native Soil Very loose gravel 972mm Table 3 2 6 E Kx DLPe 4 Ps Assuming native soil is a Very Loose Gravel D 8El D 0 061E Native Soil Modulus 3 MN m Pe 19 6 x 3 0 0 985 0 544 97 2 67 2 58 8 kN m 5 1 985 0 456 972 672 10 3 1 97 2 67 2 No soil density data available therefore 19 6 kN m here assumed Clause NA 6 3 BS EN 1295 1 Overall Soil Modulus E 10 MN m x 0 3642 Ps 26 kN m Figure 3 2 4 3 642 MN m DL 170 3 2 5 0 083 Table 3 2 5 A 0 083 1 0 x 58 8 26 0 E D 1 74 kN m Polypipe Civils Technical Data D 8 1 74 0 061 x 3642 Table 2 4 2 0 0298 Overall Soil Modulus E E 2 Deflection A 0 0298 x D 0 0298 x 0 672m 0 020
28. see section 3 1 where loading is excessive This may take the form of either a concrete slab or concrete bed and surround Concrete Covering Slab This detail is preferable to a concrete bed and surround because the flexibility of the pipe system is maintained X pipe diameter Native soil aline Bee lee 4 Reinforced concrete slab may be precast extending to trench walls and sufficiently strong to span across Selected granular material 100mm min under pipe As small as practicable but not less than 150mm Concrete Bed and Surround A concrete bed surround is not preferred as it creates a concrete ground beam of relatively low flexural strength Concrete surround of 150mm minimum thickness 28 day strength at least 20 MPa Transverse steel to keep longitudinals in position Joint filler board should be placed in contact with the end of the socket at a pipe joint and should extend through the full thickness of the concrete in contact with the pipe Flexible Longitudinal steel joints shall be at intervals of 5m or at each joint reinforcements of total area whichever is the greater 0 596 of concrete area symmetrically installed 23 Ridgidrain Infiltration 1 6 Infiltration Devices Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems SUDS is becoming more prevalent in drainage design Please refer to Polypipe Stormwater management technical manual One
29. the same type and class of material as the remainder ii A of the pipes in the run zy Therefore strict accordance with the MCDHW gully connections can only be formed with 150mm 0 Ridgidrain pipe dispensation would required from I the approving authority for the use of Ridgiflex C Polypipe Civils Limited has successfully supplied Ridgiflex extensively within the market place including road schemes with no reported problems with respect to installation or maintenance References 3 9 92 British Board of Agr ment 2002 Roads and Bridges Agr ment Certificate No 02 H068 Ridgidrain Advance Drainage System Watford BBA British Board of Agr ment 1990 Roads and Bridges Agr ment Certificate No 90 054 Polyethylene Road Gullies Watford BBA British Board of Agr ment 2002 Agr ment Certificate No 02 3923 Polysewer Gravity Sewer System Watford BBA British Board of Agr ment 2002 Agr ment Certificate No 03 3979 Ridgisewer Gravity Sewer System Watford BBA British Board of Agr ment 2002 Agr ment Certificate No 00 3678 Ridgidrain Advance Drainage System Watford BBA British Standards Institution 1997 BS EN 1295 Part 1 1997 Structural design of buried pipelines under various conditions of loading London BSI British Standards Institution 1990 BS 1377 1 1990 Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes General requirements and sample preparat
30. to the judgement of the engineer 3 2 2 Prediction of buckling resistance The buckling resistance of buried flexible non pressure pipelines is a combination of the pipes inherent buckling resistance and support afforded by the pipe surround The critical buckling pressure of a buried pipe is substantially greater than that for unrestrained pipes subject to external loading BS EN 1295 1 1995 recommends buckling calculations be performed to ensure that a sufficient factor of safety exists when the critical buckling pressure is compared against actual buckling pressure It should be noted that when performing the following calculation with a weak native soil the resultant factor of safety may fall just below the recommended value of 2 0 In Polypipe s experience buckling has not been a critical mode of failure where pipe deflections are less than 15 A buckling check with a factor of safety just below the recommended minimum despite a predicted level of deformation within the appropriate performance limit may be attributed to how the buckling calculations use short and long term pipe modulus Stiffness commonly also known as Young s modulus may be defined as E Where E Young s Modulus kN m o Stress kN m Strain dimensionless NOTE In this instance strain relates to the amount of pipe deflection This equation shows that if stress is constant and strain deflection increases then a material s modulus must the
31. x AGREMENT Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works CERTIFICATE No 93 078 www polypipecivils co uk shall be non woven and meet the requirements of the For updated model specifications please visit our website N NN N 26 RIDGISEWER POLYSEWER The full Ridgisewer and Polysewer range runs from page 24 41 Ridgisewer amp Polysewer is Polypipe s innovative system for adoptable surface foul and combined sewers Ridgisewer amp Polysewer meet all of the demanding requirements of WIS 4 35 01 the new water industry specification for sewer pipes including new tests for resistance to maintenance operations Ridgisewer amp Polysewer offer benefits including e Full compliance with WIS 4 35 01 e Reduced health and safety risks in handling storage and installation with a weight approximately 696 of equivalent sizes of concrete pipe e Resistance to high pressure water jetting in accordance with the WRc code of practice e Longer lengths and with integral sockets for reduced jointing operations e Jointing systems that remain intact even under extreme site conditions e Inbuilt robustness for installation and maintenance operations e Flexible construction to resist differential settlement e Superior chemical impact and abrasion resistance e Immunity from sulphate attack or corrosion due to sewer gases e Durable long life material Integrally socketed pipes from 150 900mm
32. 00 300 280 All dimensions mm Polysewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 Sealing rings NOMINAL SIZE CODE 150 PSSP1 225 PSSP2 300 PSSP3 BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 Spigot adaptors to EN1401 1 NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B C D E 225 PS10102 250 225 241 134 92 5 300 PS12102 315 300 265 144 114 All dimensions in mm Each adaptor is supplied with one seal BRITISH BBA Socket adaptors to EN1401 1 NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B C D E 150 PS689 160 150 147 70 y 225 51089 250 225 240 110 CPAS 300 51289 315 300 286 125 114 All dimensions mm Each adaptor is supplied with two seals La BRITISH BOARD OF AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 Level invert reducers NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B C D E 225x150 PS1021 225 150 287 9425 300x225 PS31221 300 220 345 114 925 La BRITISH BOARD OF AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 All dimensions in mm Each reducer is supplied with two seals 45 equal junctions CODE A B C D E F 5605 150 150 285 445 95 95 PS1005 225 225 408 647 92 5 92 5 PS1205 300 300 508 812 114 114 All dimensions in mm ZA N Each junction is supplied with three seals BRITISH BA 90 equal junctions CODE D E F P5623 150 150 186 400 69 69 All dimensions in mm Each junction is supplied with three seals BRITISH BOARD OF
33. 0X11 25 170 95 150 BRD150X15 95 65 B IM E lj 225 BRD225X11 25 190 125 P is j Be _ 300 BRD300X11 25 265 135 375 BRD375X11 25 300 165 TM 400 BRD400X1 1 25 375 205 VoM 450 BRD450X1 1 25 415 220 M 500 BRD500X11 25 490 245 600 BRD600X1 1 25 535 280 B B I 750 BRD750X11 25 600 Spigot A Ua 900 BRD900X11 25 800 Spigot 1050 BRD1050X11 25 1000 Spigot T BB A BRITISH ICONE Check with Polypipe Civils for up to AGR MENT BBA AGREMENT Injection Moulded All dimensions in mm date details on certified products CERTIFICATE No 02 H068 CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 1050mm Not BBA certified 22 5 bends idis SS Injection Moulded NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B i 100 BRD100X22 5 170 95 150 BRD150X30 130 65 225 BRD225X22 5 260 125 300 BRD300X22 5 255 135 375 BRD375X22 5 310 165 400 BRD400X22 5 395 205 450 BRD450X22 5 460 220 500 BRD500X22 5 465 245 600 BRD600X22 5 535 280 B 750 BRD750X22 5 700 Spigot A 900 BRD900X22 5 900 Spigot 1050 BRD1050X22 5 1100 Spigot Injection Moulded All dimensions in mm witi Polypipe Calls far upto BBA gt BBA ate details on certified products CERTIFICATE No 02 H068 CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 1050mm Not BBA certified 45 bends Fabricated TT Injection Moulded NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 100 BRD100X45 185
34. 2 3000 440 450 50 900 150 RSWPSJ900150Yx35 728 3000 440 435 50 160mm branches are for EN1401 pipes 150mm branches for Polysewer All dimensions in mm Order seals seperately if required 3m junction double made to order A B CODE C D E F G 400 160 RSWJ400160Yx3D 440 3000 205 230 50 450 160 RSWJA50160Yx3D 467 3000 220 250 50 500 160 RSWJ500160Yx3D 496 3000 245 280 50 600 160 RSWJ600160Yx3D 548 3000 280 325 50 750 160 RSWJ750160Yx3D 652 3000 440 450 50 900 160 RSWJ900160Yx3D 728 3000 440 435 50 400 150 RSWPSJA00150Yx3D 440 3000 205 230 50 450 150 RSWPSJA50150Yx3D 467 3000 220 250 50 500 150 RSWPSJ500150Yx3D 496 3000 245 280 50 600 150 RSWPSJ600150Yx3D 548 3000 280 325 50 RN 750 150 RSWPSJ750150Yx3D 652 3000 440 450 50 900 150 RSWPSJ900150Yx3D 728 3000 440 435 50 A T 160mm branches are for EN1401 pipes 150mm branches are for Polysewer All dimensions in mm Order seals seperately if required Ridgisewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 11 25 bends All dimensions in mm These bands are made to order and are subject to lead times BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 400 RSWB40011 25 375 205 TYPE 450 RSWB45011 25 415 220 1 500 RSWB50011 25 490 245 600 RSWB60011 25 535 280 SIGH RSWB75011 25 600 440 2 RSWB90011 25 800 440 CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 All dimensions in mm These bands ar
35. 2 5 300 51203 203 114 re All dimensions mm b MN bs Ste Each bend is supplied with two seals S ru v a v WM A BRITISH BOARD OF AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 90 bends NOM SIZE CODE A B 150 PS611 190 63 225 PS1011 316 5 92 5 300 51211 385 114 All dimensions in mm 4 Each bend is supplied with two seals i La BRITISH i End caps NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 150 PS6101 150 150 225 PS10101 225 98 300 PS12101 300 121 BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 All dimensions in mm Socket plugs NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B C D 150 PS620 215 178 85 76 225 PS1020 308 248 101 92 L Lo 300 PS1220 395 329 110 101 A All dimensions in mm BRITISH BOARD OF AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 24 Polysewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 Adaptors to other pipe systems NOMINAL SIZE CODE DESCRIPTION 150 P5634 Double socket to super clayware pipe 150 P5696 Double socket to thick clayware pipe 150 56105 Double socket to Ultrarib adapter 225 PS10105 Double socket to Ultrarib adapter 300 512105 Double socket to Ultrarib adapter Each adaptor is supplied with two seals For adaption to 225mm and 30mm clay pipe flexible couplings to WIS 4 41 01 should be used BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 S
36. 4 As amended London TSO The Department of Finance and Personnel 2000 The Building Regulations Northern Ireland 2000 As amended London TSO Highways Agency 2005 Manual Of Contract Documents For Highway Works As Amended London TSO Highways Agency 2001 Advice Note HA 40 01 Determination Of Pipe And Bedding Combinations For Drainage Works Design Manual For Roads And Bridges Volume 4 Section 2 Part 5 Railtrack PLC 1997 Model Clauses for Specifying Civil Engineering Works Sections 185 186 Track Drainage Issue No 1 Revision B London Railtrack PLC RT CE C 008185N H R Wallingford and D Barr 1998 Tables for the hydraulic design of pipes sewers and channels Volume 1 amp 2 7th Edition London Thomas Telford Water Research Centre 2005 Sewer Jetting Code of Practice 2nd Edition Swindon WRc Water Research Centre 2006 Sewers for Adoption A Design and Construction Guide for Developers 6th Edition Swindon WRc Water Industry Specification 2000 WIS 4 35 01 Specification For Thermoplastics Structured Wall Pipes Joints And Couplers With A Smooth Bore For Gravity Sewers For The Size Range 150 900 Inclusive Swindon WRc ISSN 1353 2510 Water Industry Specification 1994 WIS 04 08 02 Specification for imported granular and selected as dug bedding and sidefill materials for buried pipelines Swindon WRc 83 Polypipe Civils Head Office Union Works Bishop Meadow Road
37. 8 8822 Fax 0141 778 2703 Hydrotub Polypipe S A S Z A des Sablons 13 Chemin des Petits Eboulis 77230 Dammartin en Go le France Tel 00 33 4 02 52 42 Fax 00 33 164025434 Polypipe Group Head Office Broomhouse Lane Edlington Doncaster DN12 1ES Tel 01709 770000 Fax 01709 770001 Internet www polypipe com M pie D N The full Ridgidrain range runs from page 6 25 The companies integrated to form Polypipe Civils were each manufacturers of British Board of Agr ment BBA certified twin wall pipe systems in their own right since the 1980s One of the first acts of Polypipe Civils was to take the best features from each system and combine them into the fully integrated Ridgidrain twin wall system Ridgidrain ADS pipes are manufactured from both high density polyethylene HDPE and polypropylene PP Although HDPE and PP are from the same family of polymers HDPE was selected for the smaller diameters due to its greater flexibility and PP was selected as the most economic alternative for achieving high stiffness large diameter pipes All couplings and common fittings manufactured using precision moulding technology in either HDPE or PP Seals are manufactured in EPDM as standard with nitrile seals available for special applications The ease with which these products can be cut and welded allows them to be used to make a vast range of both standard and made to measure fitti
38. 9 Pallets or pipes should be supported at a minimum of two places during mechanical handling operations and care should be taken to ensure that they are not damaged by slings or forks Hooks should never be used Couplings and fittings may be supplied individually in bulk bags or on shrink wrapped pallets Note that shrink wrapping is not designed to be load bearing Uncovered storage is subject to the recommendations provided in the section on ultraviolet light resistance Figure 3 5 1 Storage and Handling Recommendations General Site Instructions 3 5 General Handling Polyethylene PE uPVC and polypropylene PP materials are not considered to be skin irritants Fine particles may cause irritation if they get into the eyes uPVC and PP are chemically stable at normal temperatures There are no known toxic dermatitic or environmental hazards associated with Ridgisewer Ridgidrain amp Polysewer products Storage PE and PP should not be stored in contact with very strong oxidising acids Fire Hazards PE uPVC and PP are combustible but burn slowly In a fire they will melt and burning droplets may fall and propagate the fire In the event of a fire the use of water jets should be avoided in the early stages and water sprays used instead Water sprays foam and dry powder may be used Comprehensive COSHH data sheets are available from Polypipe Civils Technical Department Disposal Uncontam
39. 979 880 395 386 900 RSWSP900 1136 1032 399 390 All dimensions in mm a D BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 Ridgisewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 Rocker pipes NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID OD LENGTH m 50 RSWRP 50 765 880 1 900 RSWRP900 909 1032 1 V KM55701 Order seals seperately Stub pipes NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID OD LENGTH m 50 RSWST750 765 880 1 V 900 RSWST900 909 1032 1 KM55701 Order seals seperately WRC Approved PT 193 1102 Ridgitite saddles CARRIER CODE PIPE CLASSIFICATION CORRUGATION HEIGHT PIPE DIAMETER WNC 300 SLDPS300 Polysewer 15 18 400 450 SLD375450 Ridgisewer 29 33 500 SLD500 Ridgisewer 35 38 600 SLD600 Ridgisewer 41 44 177 HOL177 Hole saw Ridgisewer Pipe Specification 2 3 40 WIS 4 35 01 is the UK specification for thermoplastic structured wall pipes for gravity sewer applications Developed by Water UK in conjunction with participating members of the British Plastics Federation British Standards Institution British Board of Agr ment and Water Research Centre following extensive research and investigation It sets out a comprehensive range of performance based tests summarised in the table below PROPERTY STANDARD Ring flexibility BS EN 1446 Short term ring stiffness BS EN ISO 9969 Long term ring stiffness BS EN ISO 9967 Creep ratio Impact resistance BS EN 1411 Leaktightness of seals Distortion BS EN
40. AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 29 Polysewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 30 45 unequal junctions CODE A B C D E F in 5635 5 150 110 242 5 400 62 5 P51035RS 225 110 280 5 517 92 5 67 5 PS1031 225 150 324 537 92 5 82 5 PS1031RS 225 160 328 567 92 5 82 5 A PS1235RS 300 110 311 523 114 67 5 PS1231 300 150 348 586 114 82 5 P21231RS 300 160 356 573 114 82 5 PS12100 300 225 458 704 114 100 D La All dimensions in mm Each junction is supplied with three seals CERTIFICATE No 02 2823 B 90 unequal junctions CODE A B C D E F LE PS643RS 150 110 182 301 69 65 A All dimensions in mm D Each junction is supplied with three seals BBA BRITISH BOARD OF AGREMENT O cU 15 bends NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 150 5609 115 95 4 X 225 PS1009 123 5 92 5 300 51209 152 114 dimensions mm Each bend is supplied with two seals B A ct BBA AGREMENT O UI T 30 bends a NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 150 5667 115 95 YL 225 PS1067 1435 92 5 300 PS1267 177 114 7 All dimensions in mm bt E AM Each bend is supplied with two seals Lt BRITISH BOARD OF AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 Polysewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 45 bends NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B VEG 1 T 150 PS603 135 95 225 51003 164 5 9
41. AXIMUM MATERIALS SPECIFIED IN mm see note 4 PARTICLE SIZE mm BRITISH STANDARDS SEE NOTE 2 100 10 10mm nominal single size Over 100 to 500 15 10 or 14mm nominal single size or 14mm to 5mm graded Over 150 to 300 20 10 14 or 20mm nominal single size or 14mm to 5mm graded or 20mm to 5mm graded Over 300 to 550 20 14 or 20mm nominal single size or 14mm to 5mm graded or 20mm to 5mm graded Over 550 40 14 20 or 40mm nominal single size or 14mm to 5mm graded or 20mm to 5mm graded or 40mm to 5mm graded Notes 1 Nominal bore is used in preference to DN because of the different nominal size classifications for flexible pipes 2 Processed granular materials to include aggregates to BS 882 air cooled blast furnace slag to BS 1047 and lightweight aggregates to BS 3797 3 All temporary and enabling works are by others 4 Nominal bore is used in the preference to DN because of the different nominal size classifications for flexible pipes 5 The constructor should check with the adopting authority for local variations to this detail 6 This document is uncontrolled and updates will not be issued automatically 43 Ridgisewer Installation 2 5 Rocker Pipe Detail Rocker Pipe A Stub Pipe 750mm Ridgisewer 1000 1000 4 mn Product Code RSWRP750 RSWSTP750 900mm Ridgisewer 1250 1000 i COR Product Code RSWRP900 RSWST900 surround a Ridoisewer g T T Rida 1 tub
42. BS4660 coupler u Iti M Iti ada ptor CERTIFICATE No 90 R054 Midi gully HDPE gully Corrugated for extra strength CODE NOMINAL DEPTH CAPACITY DIAMETER mm mm LITRES RG300600 300 600 24 Accessories Code Description 06402 110mm BS4660 adaptor RGSB Silt Bucket RGG Grating Silt bucket BS4660 Coupler Lubricant Ridgiflex gully mum connection pipe p nr uet CODE QUANTITY kg PITT LUBX1 1 Corrugated for extra strength LUBX2 5 2 5 2 CODE SIZE mm LENGTH m Lubricant must be used MP for all sealed joints RF150X25 150 25 Q Ridgidrain Pipe Specification 1 3 Pipe detail specifications A recent addition to the Manual Contract Document of Highway Works Volume 1 Series 500 is clause 518 This clause specifies a comprehensive range of performance and structural requirements for thermoplastic structured walled pipes and fittings summerised in the table below PROPERTY STANDARD Ring Stiffness Creep Ratio Impact resistance Leaktightness of joints Distortion Leaktightness of joints Deflection High volume low pressure jetting Longitudinal bending Rodding resistance BS EN ISO 9969 BS EN 50 9967 BS EN 1411 with d25 stricker of 1Kg BS EN ISO 1277 BS EN ISO 1277 WRc Jetting Test Method MCDHW Clause 518 11 MCDHW Clause 518 12 Extracted from Manual Contract Documents of Hig
43. British and European standards Contents Structured Wall Pipe Systems Contacts Ridgidrain 1 1 Introduction 1 2 Pipe Dimensions 1 3 Pipe Specification 1 4 Pipe Design Properties 1 5 Installation 1 6 Infiltration led Model Specification Ridgisewer and Polysewer 2 1 Introduction Applications 22 Pipe Dimensions 2 3 Pipe Specifications 2 4 Pipe Design Properties 2 9 Installation 2 6 Model Specification General 3 Introduction Cover Depths 3 2 Structural Design 3 3 Hydraulic Design 3 4 General Properties 3 5 Site Instructions Jointing Trench Preparation Pressure Testing CCTV Surveying 20 Maintenance W Certification 3 8 FAQ 3 9 References 15 16 18 24 24 26 26 28 40 42 43 45 46 46 48 58 63 68 70 72 72 74 5 6 77 82 STRUCTURED WALL PIPE SYSTEMS Twin wall pipes are a structured wall alternative to conventional single wall smooth bore pipes Twin wall pipes are manufactured by a continuous twin extrusion process The outer wall is extruded first the profile being precisely created by forming into mould blocks with air pressure and vacuum assistance The inside wall Is extruded inside the corrugated outer wall and is fused to the outside wall by compression The fusion process results in a full strength connection between the inside and outside walls of the pipe Manufactured using state of the art equipment Ridgidrain Ridgisewe
44. Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 5RE Tel 01509 615100 Fax 01509 610215 Email enquiries polypipecivils co uk www polypipecivils co uk Polypipe Civils All rights reserved Copyright in this publication belongs to Polypipe Civils and all such copyright may not be used sold copied or reproduced whole or part in any manner in any media to Polypipe person without our prior written consent
45. RAND PTT NNT AT FEIN LE HN NUTT LT LLEGUE UN LEE DLE AU NT AL ALLO LE NIET ATTN IN HE la deze ER lt nN M M HUE NUNC INT JAN o e e 8 S 5 o 61 General Hydraulic Design 3 3 62 Fi 3 3 4 Flow Chart for ks 1 5mm 3 LN MN EL MS TIRER NDINI LAN BLUE LE LLL TE QU DINE PI TAN PP NAT TT ANE RUN TP IN I IN WTN NENT UN INE ULNA NN INA General Properties 3 4 Urban drainage pipes commonly flow part full with the depth of water affecting the hydraulic conditions Figure 3 4 1 Proportional Velocity and Discharge Figure 3 4 1 gives a relationship of part pipe flow fluid velocity and discharge against full pipe flow Once a proportional depth is determined figure 3 4 1 may be used to determine an appropriate factor to apply to full flow values 0 94 0 81 Discharge Q Proportional depth Velocity V 0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 1 1 12 Proportional velocity and discharge
46. ant X X X Rodding resistance internal puncture Specification dependant X X X Ridgidrain WRc Jetting Test Method High volume low pressure Ridgisewer Polysewer WIS 4 35 01 Appendix C Ridgidrain MCDHW Volume 1 Clause 518 11 Ridgisewer Polysewer WIS 4 35 01 Appendix D Although the same procedure is used in both system specifications a different term is used FAQ Section 3 8 What special requirements are needed near structures Movement joint should be placed at a maximum Mid ced distance from the top of the pipe spacing of 5 metres or at each joint whichever to the underside of the slab is less than is the greater Joints shall be constructed in a 200mm the pipe should be encased in nur ok Temim tibhre board concrete Concrete slab If the depth of cover is greater than 300mm normal bedding shall be used assuming the pipe will not be trafficked Q What is the crushing strength of Polypipe Civils pipes A Unlike concrete or clay pipes polymeric pipes do not have a specific crushing strength but are typically characterised by ring stiffness Thermoplastic pipes deform under loading and rely on the pipe bed and surround material in addition to the existing ground to restrain any deformation Therefore a structural check taking into account site conditions may be required to ensure adequate pipe performance Refer to Section 3 2 General structural design Q How well does Polypipe Civils p
47. ater Connect the manometer to the appropriate port of one of the stoppers Allow the pressure to stabilise for several minutes increasing the pressure to 100mm head of water if it drops 2 3 4 Increase the pressure in the pipe until a pressure of 100mm of water 0 01 Bar is reached 5 6 Record any change in pressure over a 5 minute period Without further pumping it should not drop below 75mm head of water Air test problems are generally due to faulty equipment or test procedures and the following advice may be of assistance e Always install pipes in accordance with Polypipe Civils recommendations and the applicable specification e Check that the test equipment does not leak and is in proper working order by testing a short length of pipe submerged in a water bath e Ensure that the test stoppers tubes and pump are in good condition and that all seals are correctly fitted e Ensure that the pipe bores are free from dirt and debris that could affect sealing of the test bungs e Ensure that the test stoppers are placed tightly squarely and in the pipe barrel not the fittings Water Test Method e Ensure that all openings are properly sealed including those to be buried underground prior to testing and backfilling e g gulley and lateral pipe connections e Although convenient the air test is more sensitive than water tests and failure is not conclusive The air test is very sensitive to temperatur
48. ation of sewers constructed by Developers is transferred to a Sewerage Undertaker or Sewerage Agent Council Within England Wales and Northern comprehensive range of performance based tests including Long term structural performance e Joint integrity under extreme conditions Resistance to the effects of routine maintenance operations including internal impact and high pressure water jetting e External impact Ridgisewer pipes are manufactured in high stiffness polypropylene in sizes 400 to 900mm offering stiffness well in excess of other plastic products combined with exceptional durability The ranges include complete systems of couplings seals bends junctions and specialist fabrications The ease with which Ireland such adoption is carried out under Section 104 of The Water Industry Act 1991 It should be noted that adoptions of surface water sewers may also take place under the Highways Act 1980 and the Ridgidrain range is normally specified for these applications Polypipe is actively seeking formal approval for Ridgisewer and Polysewer from all UK Water Companies For up to the minute advice contact our Technical Department or visit our website e Material tests to ensure long term durability WIS 4 35 01 replaces all existing certifications for structured wall plastic sewer pipes BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 400 900mm BRITISH BOARD OF AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No
49. aulic performance Landfill There is no industry wide specification for landfill leachate and methane gas control applications Ridgidrain ADS products have been widely and successfully used on landfill sites for e Horizontal basal leachate drainage systems e Vertical leachate wells e Horizontal methane gas control systems beneath landfill capping layers e Vertical methane gas vents e Cut off drains Roads amp Highways By providing an unrivalled product range and holistic solutions Polypipe can deliver performance and speed to meet customers and ultimately the Highways Agency s tight deadlines High quality BBA certified products ensure polypipe Civils remains the leader in this market sector ntegral sockets in diameter 400 900mm A blue inner wall for ease of CCTV surveying and product identification Availability in carrier fully perforated and half perforated solid invert configurations e Easily cut to length without special tools e Excellent chemical resistance including sulphates detrimental to ordinary concrete e Full compliance with the requirements of Building Regulations and the Highways Agency 100 900mm only Use of higher performance virgin polymers for the pipe inner wall e Independent certification by the British Board of Agr ment BRITISH BRITISH BOARD OF BOARD OF AGREMENT AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 CERTIFICATE No 02 H068 100 900 100 900
50. d e Centre flexible rubber coupling over spigot end of junction and tighten coupling e Form new bed and surround e Reinstate backfill to trench d Ridgitite Saddle Typically the diameters of such lateral connections would be either 110 amp 160mm 0 BS EN 1401 1 pipes or 150mm internal diameter clayware or thermoplastic structured wall pipes Therefore Polypipe Civils has developed the Ridgitite saddle to facilitate connection of these particular pipe diameters to existing pipelines Available for nominal pipe diameters 300 to 600mm It should be noted when connecting larger diameter pipes it is generally normal practice to construct a manhole 81 FAQ Section 3 8 Q Do Polypipe Civils offer a flexible gully connection TT a Dpi 44 indi m 150mm 0 Ridgiflex is manufactured by Polypipe Civils specifically to provide a Em EU i ee flexible connection pipe from the gully to the main carrier drainage he TT NON M Please note if the drainage system is to be installed in accordance with the He AN y s LAN um Manual Contract Documents for Highway Works Clause 508 7 stipulates B NUIT AE S A SATa U Gully connection pipes shall be either flexible or rigid not exceeding 0 7m NAT Muf in length with flexible joints for a distance of 2m from the gully Junction pipes D AN al shall be manufactured of
51. d be halved for solid invert pipes Table 1 3 2 Filter drain perforation specification 750 900mm NOMINAL SIZE SLOT WIDTH mm mm 750 3 4 900 3 4 PERFORATED AREA PER METER mm m 9720 min 9720 min The above values are for full circumferentially perforated pipes The number of perforations and the total perforated area should be halved for half perforated solid invert pipes Rough guide only 15 Ridgidrain Pipe Design Properties 1 4 16 Flotation Although unlikely to occur the potential for flotation should be checked in installations where the water table is above the pipe invert level Table 1 4 1 details uplift forces for the following conditions Pipe bore empty This is applicable to empty carrier drainage systems The uplift forces are due to air trapped within the corrugations and the pipe bore Pipe bore full This is applicable to filter drainage pipes and filled carrier drainage pipes The uplift forces are due to air trapped within the corrugations Table 1 4 1 Uplift Forces for Fully Submerged Pipes DIAMETER PIPE BORE FULL PIPE BORE EMPTY mm kN m kN m 100 0 013 0 090 150 0 030 0 201 225 0 068 0 458 300 0 136 0 829 375 0 187 1 253 400 0 191 1 393 450 0 250 1 775 500 0 321 2 216 600 0 466 3 129 750 0 704 5 225 900 0 823 7 260 1050 1 191 9 930 N B Fluid density of 1000kg m assumed An appropriate factor of safety should be used to ensure prevention of floatation after installati
52. e changes and must not be performed unless the pipe temperature is stable Failures due to testing immediately after backfilling a pipe that has previously been heated in the sun are common A 19 temperature change in the air inside the pipe will result in a pressure change sufficient for the test to fail 1 Appropriate stoppers should be fitted blocking the pipe ends and any junctions 2 A standpipe or flexible pipe should be fitted at the top end of the pipeline a maximum of 1 2 metres above the crown at the high end and 6 metres at the low end of the pipeline 3 The pipe should be filled with water and allowed to stabilise for 2 hours topping it up as required 4 The loss of water from the pipeline should be determined by measuring the quantity of water added to the pipeline to maintain the level during the 30 minute test period 5 The rate of water loss should not exceed 1 litre per hour per linear metre of drain per metre of nominal pipe diameter The maximum allowable loss of water during the 30 minute test is given in Table 3 5 3 13 General Site Instructions 3 5 74 Table 3 5 3 Maximum Allowable Water Losses During 30 Minute Water Test DIAMETER mm MAXIMUM LOSS l m 100 0 05 150 0 075 225 0 1125 300 IS 275 01975 400 0 2 450 02225 500 0225 600 0 3 750 0 375 900 0 45 1050 0523 Mandrel Testing Mandrel testing is frequently specified to prove the quality of installation on smaller diamet
53. e compacted granular material The bedding material is laid below the pipe to provide uniform support and to permit small adjustment of the pipe s line and level In cases where the as dug material is suitable as pipe surround imported bedding is not required and the trench bottom should be loosened Otherwise a minimum 100mm bedding depth of granular material should be placed in the trench bottom prior to laying the pipes Bricks stones blocks of wood or other similar objects should never be placed below the pipe even temporarily to facilitate adjustment of line and level This is because such objects like large stones may cause high local stress concentrations and pipe deformations If objects are placed temporarily beneath a pipe while bedding is added or rearranged they will rapidly become covered difficult to locate and easily forgotten Pipes should be jointed in accordance with Polypipe Civils recommendations Air testing in accordance with the advice on page 71 is recommended prior to placement of the sidefill and backfilling to ensure correct workmanship Sidefill placement After a section of the pipe has been installed and successfully tested the sidefill the most important structural component of the fill Should be placed The material should be placed evenly on both sides of the pipe and compacted in accordance with the specification Single sized coarse granular materials such as stone or gravel may achieve the nece
54. e made to order and are subject to lead times 22 2 bends NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 400 RSWB40022 5 375 205 450 RSWB45022 5 415 220 1 5500 RSWB50022 5 490 245 600 RSWB60022 5 535 280 750 RSWB75022 5 700 440 2 900 RSWB90022 5 900 440 p 0 BRITISH BBA ZZ AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 All dimensions in mm These bands are made to order and are subject to lead times BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT O 45 bends NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B 400 RSWB40045 375 205 460 RSWB45045 415 220 1 500 RSWB50045 490 245 600 RSWB60045 535 280 TYPE 750 RSWB75045 800 440 2 900 RSWB90045 1000 440 CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 37 Ridgisewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 90 bends NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B C 400 RSWB40090 411 196 646 450 RSWB45090 441 215 667 500 RSWB50090 488 250 687 600 RSWB60090 533 275 728 750 RSWB75090 738 440 818 900 RSWB90090 770 440 882 All dimensions in mm These bends are made to order BRITISH and subject to lead times BA s End caps NOMINAL SIZE CODE 400 RSWEC400 450 RSWEC450 Zan 6 0 0 RSW E Co 0 0 CERTIFICATE AGR MENT 750 50 900 RSWEC900 All dimensions in mm Socket plugs NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B D 400 RSWSPA00 520 457 204 195 450 RSWSP450 578 511 188 197 500 RSWSP500 635 568 225 216 600 RSWSP600 741 672 261 252 750 RSWSP750
55. e required per joint for half perforated solid invert pipe Perforated Half Perforated NOMINAL NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID mm LENGTH m WEIGHTKg m 100 RD100X6PE PorHP 100 118 6 0 8 150 RD150X6PE PorHP 150 178 6 1 6 225 RD225X6PEPorHP 225 267 6 3 6 300 RD300X6PE P or HP 300 355 6 5 4 375 RD375X6PE PorHP 375 435 6 7 4 400 RD400X6PE P or HP 400 457 6 8 2 A N 450 RD450X6PEPorHP 450 512 6 10 2 500 RD500X6PE Por HP 500 569 6 11 8 BBA x 600 RD600X6PE Por HP 592 674 6 15 5 750 RD750X6PE PorHP 766 883 6 34 0 Well Lis Lan 900 RD900X6PE Por HP 914 1040 6 46 0 BRITISH 1050 RD1050X6PE Por HP 1065 1215 6 50 0 BA 55s Integrally socketed carrier drain One seal is required per joint NOMINAL NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID mm OD mm _ LENGTH WEIGHT Kg m 400 RD400X6 400 457 6 8 2 450 RD450X6 450 512 6 10 2 500 RD500X6 500 569 6 11 8 600 RD600X6 592 674 6 15 5 750 RD750X3 766 883 3 34 0 900 RD900X3 914 1040 3 46 0 BA s BA 1 AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 BBA Pending Ridgidrain Pipe Dimensions 1 2 Integrally Socketed Filter drain One seal may be required per joint for half perforated solid invert pipe P Perforated HP Half Perforated NOMINAL NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID mm LENGTH m WEIGHTKg m 400 RD400X6 P or HP 400 457 6 8 2 450 RD450X6 P or HP 450 512 6 10 2 lt lt 500 RD500X6 PorHP
56. e soil system The soil modulus adjustment factor Ci is used to take into account the influence of native soil properties on the overall soil modulus E General Structural Design 3 2 Figure 3 2 1 Design Chart for Construction Traffic Loading 500 200 Tyre Pressure 700kNm Tyre Pressure 300kNm 100 5 Tyre Pressure 700kNm 2 Tyre Pressure 300kNm e S 50 E Static wheel load of 30 tonne enhanced E by an impact factor of 2 0 20 Static wheel load of 10 tonne enhanced 40 6 by an impact factor of 2 0 10 Pressures calculated for 1m length of pipe 5 0 5 1 2 5 10 Cover depth Reference BS EN 1295 1 51 Structural Design 52 Vertical pressure kN m 200 100 50 20 10 0 5 1 Reference BS EN 1295 1 2 Cover Depth m 10 Structural Design Cover Depth m Reference BS EN 1295 1 Factor 53 Structural Design 54 KN m2 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 0 5 6 J 8 91 Reference BS EN 1295 1 3 Cover Depth m 6 7 8 910 General structural Design 3 2 It should be noted that the advice and guide values provided by this manual and BS EN 1295 for the various design parameters is generally conservative These values are provided to facilitate design where precise details of types of soil and installation conditions are not available The choice of design assumptions is left
57. er pipes The size of mandrel is typically specified as 10mm less than the minimum diameter of the pipe Flexible pipes deflect to a degree due to installation and backfilling The Highways Agency typically limits post construction deflection to 5 therefore the maximum recommended size of mandrel will be 10mm smaller than 95 of the original inside diameter of the pipe to be tested CCTV Surveying The blue inner wall of Ridgidrain Ridgisewer and the coloured wall of Polysewer pipe systems facilitates CCTV surveying This is because it is difficult to adequately light pipes with a black inner wall General Maintenance 3 6 Maintenance Structured walled thermoplastic pipe systems do not require routine maintenance However where the design flows through a pipe system is insufficient long term deposition of silt and or solids may occur Maintenance is therefore normally limited to de silting solids removal Access Access to the system should be provided by conventional means such as manholes catchpits inspection chambers or rodding points Rodding Structured walled pipe systems may be rodded using standard flexible drain rods Water Jetting It is recommended that water jetting operations follows the procedures laid out within Sewer Jetting Code of Practice 2nd Edition WRc 2005 Observing all other relevant pieces of legislation and recognised codes of practice Introduction There are two principle types of jetting unit
58. ete grade C20 pipe depth lt 1 2m under roads e MINIMUM 150mm below pipe base Diagram B A Il 150mm min under pipe 2 C20 grade concrete Diagram ess than 150mm Incorporate flexible joints through concrete surround at mouth of pipe sockets Polysewer and Ridgisewer Ridgisewer Model Specification 2 6 Gravity Sewer Pipes For applications subject to design and installation in accordance with Sewers for Adoption a design and construction guide for developers 6th Edition The pipes shall be thermoplastic structured wall pipes and shall comply with the relevant provisions of WIS 4 35 01 Polysewer and Ridgisewer Gravity Sewer Pipes For applications subject to Civil engineering specification for the water industry 6th Edition The pipes shall be thermoplastic structured wall pipes and shall comply with the relevant provisions of WIS 4 35 01 Ridgigully The surface water gullies shall be single piece gullies moulded in HDPE and shall have a current British Board of Agr ment Roads and Bridges certificate The outlet shall be trapped as standard and capable of being converted to an untrapped gully by removal of the factory installed stopper The gully shall be corrugated for enhanced stiffness and to key into the concrete surround Gullies shall be installed in accordance with the Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works BRITISH 2 AGREMENT 02 3923 KM55698 CERTIFICATE No
59. foul sewers should achieve a minimum flow velocity of 0 75m s at one third design flow and surface water sewers 1 0m s at pipe full flow Design Example Pipe Size Determination A pipeline is to carry a discharge of 0 015 cubic metres per second 15 litres per second when laid at a gradient of 1 in 180 Data Design discharge Q 0 015 lt Pipe gradient S 1 in 180 Roughness height ks 0 6mm Using Figure 3 3 3 for ks 0 6mm find the intersection point of a discharge of 0 015m s on the left hand scale and a gradient of 1 in 180 on the bottom scale The intersection point yields the following Pipe size selected 225mm Discharge capacity 0 038m s at full bore flow Using a rearrangement of the continuity equation Q A Velocity 0 038m s 0 040m 0 95m s at full bore flow above the self cleansing velocity of 0 75m s Velocity As the discharge capacity of the pipe exceeds the design discharge the flow velocity should be checked Step 1 Calculate the proportional discharge This is the ratio of the design discharge to the full bore flow discharge capacity Proportional discharge 0 015m s 0 038m s 0 39 Step 2 Using Figure 3 4 1 the proportional discharge curve read on the bottom scale yields a proportional depth of 0 44 read on the left scale A proportional depth of 0 44 yields a proportional velocity of 0 95 Step 3 Calculate the velocity of the design discharge by multiplying the f
60. g table Table 1 Extracted from CESWI 6th Edition NOMINAL DIAMETER EFFECTIVE LENGTH is Stub and rocker pipes may be formed in the Ridgisewer system by simply cutting pipe sections 150 to 600 0 60 on site to create the lengths required Specific rocker and stub pipes are available for the nominal 675 to 750 1 00 750 amp 900mm pipe diameters only over 750 125 Non Adoptable sewers In the absence of a detailed specification we recommend that the provisions outlined in a relevant code of practice be followed In this regard we would draw your attention to BS 5955 Part 6 1980 Plastics Pipework thermoplastics materials Part 6 Code of practice for the installation of plasticized PVC pipework for gravity drains and sewers Clause 7 3 reads as follows The provision of at least one flexible joint is recommended within 300 mm of the external face of the wall of any building and at each entry or exit point of all manholes and inspection chambers Where abnormal settlement is expected it is desirable to incorporate two flexible joints to form a rocker length of pipe Q Do Polypipe Civils offer catchpits and chambers A Polypipe Civils Limited has an extensive fabrications department that can produce chambers using either its Ridgidrain or Ridgisewer pipe system Catchpits and chambers are specifically fabricated to client specifications offering base channel and coupling options to enable the construction
61. g term pipe stiffness parameter Values generally range from 1 0 to 1 5 dependant on the type of pipe surround used and its level of compaction given in table 3 2 3 A well installed gravity flow pipe utilising a single sized granular bed amp surround a value of 1 0 is typically taken for the deflection lag factor Deflection Co efficient Kx A bedding factor used to represent the extent of lateral support provided by the pipe bedding Pipes receiving support over the full 180 lower half of the pipe a value of 0 083 should be used whereas bedding providing only a line load support a value of 0 100 would be more appropriate Please refer to table 3 2 3 for a deflection co efficient appropriate to the classification of bed amp surround used Soil modulus E E 2 amp E 3 Soil modulus is the parameter with the most influence on the structural calculation as soil stiffness will generally be significantly greater than the pipe stiffness Modulus values have been determined from empirical measurements and are indicated in table 3 2 5 amp 3 2 6 for the native soil and pipe bed amp surround material respectively Where the native soil forming the trench walls is a weak material the level of support provided by this material will be significantly lower than an engineered pipe surround Therefore only considering the modulus of the engineered pipe bed amp surround would over estimate the overall modulus of the pip
62. h i ina b T A 4 ssossustipubusUr 42 ONE SITAM a S o Ww 12 7 BO Wiss cds v Polypipe Civils believe that the Ridgidrain Advanced Drainage System reduces the effect of differential settlement rocker pipes would only be required where abnormal settelment Is expected Provisions outlined in the relevant code of practice should be followed with respect to rocker pipe requirements In the absence of a specification we would draw your attention to BS 5955 Part 6 1980 Plastic Pipework Thermoplastic materials Part 6 Code of practice for the installation of plasticized PVC pipework for gravity drains and sewers Clause 7 3 states The provision of at least one flexible joint is recommended within 300mm of the external face of the wall of any building and at each point of all manholes and inspection chambers Where abnormal settlement is expected it is advisable to incorporate two flexible joints to form a rocker length of pipe Sewers for adoption Edition 6 Clause 4 6 6 recommends the length of rocker pipe required adjacent to structures Detailed in the table below Pipe Diameter Min Rocker Pipe mm Length L m 150 to 600 0 600 675 to 750 1 000 Over 750 1 250 Ridgidrain Installation 1 5 Special protective measures X 4 600 max Protective measures are suggested where depths of cover 5 less than recommended
63. hway Works Volume 1 Series 500 Table 5 9 In addition to being manufactured under a BS EN ISO 9001 2000 quality management system Ridgidrain ADS has undergone extensive testing by third parties resulting in the following certification Building Regulations BBA Certificate No 00 3678 5 BBA Certificate No 02 068 La BRITISH BRITISH BOARD OF BOARD OF AGREMENT AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 CERTIFICATE No 02 H068 Ridgidrain ADS pipes are manufactured in carrier drain fully perforated filter drain and half perforated solid invert filter drain configurations as standard Contact the Technical Department at Polypipe Civils for details of custom slotting options for specialist applications Ridgidrain ADS filter drainage pipes provide a much greater perforated area than the minimum requirement of 1000mm of perforations per metre length as specified in Volume 1 of the Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works Table 1 3 1 Filter drain perforation specification 100 600mm NOMINAL SIZE SLOT WIDTH PERFORATED AREA mm mm PER METER mm m 100 1 0 2 0 2400 min 150 1 0 2 5 3120 min 225 1 0 2 7 3000 min 300 1 0 3 4 4800 min 275 1 5 3 6 6000 min 400 3 0 4 0 8400 min 450 3 0 4 0 10920 min 500 3 0 4 0 9240 min 600 3 0 4 0 9140 min The above values are for full circumferentially perforated pipes The number of perforations and the total perforated area shoul
64. ificate No KM55701 2 e BBA Certificate No 03 3979 BRITISH BBA CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 NAN Ridgisewer Pipe Design Properties 2 4 Deformation Figures Table 2 4 1 Short term pipe design din ti NOMINAL SIZE MEAN DIAMETER E EI D mm m S x 10 kN m x 103 kN m Polysewer 150 0 151 18 2 2800 14 65 225 0 237 55 2800 11 52 300 0 311 110 0 2800 10 19 Ridgisewer 400 0 422 604 7 1500 12 06 450 0 474 760 0 1500 10 65 500 0 527 972 9 1500 9 96 600 0 619 1375 9 1500 8 70 750 0 808 4071 0 1500 11 58 900 0 952 4081 0 1500 7 09 Table 2 4 2 Long term pipe design Pope NOMINAL SIZE MEAN DIAMETER E EI D mm m T x 10 kN m x 10 kN m Polysewer 150 0 151 18 2 500 2 62 225 0 237 D 500 2 06 300 0 311 110 0 500 1 82 Ridgisewer A00 0 422 604 7 300 2 41 450 0 474 760 0 300 2 13 500 0 527 972 9 300 1 99 600 0 619 1375 9 300 1 74 750 0 808 4071 0 300 2 32 900 0 952 4081 0 300 1 42 Flotation Table 3 3 Uplift forces for fully submerged pipes Although unlikely to occur the potential for Flotation Force Flotation Force flotation should be checked in installations DIAMETER Pipe Bore Full Pipe Bore Empty where the water table is above the pipe invert mm KN m KN m level Table 3 3 details uplift forces for the Polysewer following conditions 150 0 006 0 170 225 0 013 0 417 Pipe bore empty 300 0 036 0 734 This is applicable to empty carrier drainage systems The uplift fo
65. imum allowable depth of cover will depend on e The stiffness of the natural soil in which the trench is cut e The density of the overburden e Magnitude of dynamic loads due to trafficking e Hydrostatic loading Acceptable factor of safety against buckling e The stiffness of the pipe bed and surround e Specified maximum limit of deflection When installed in competent ground with compact granular bed and surround such as 5 to the Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works 6 metres can be taken as a safe depth of cover without the requirement for a further design check Greater depths of cover are acceptable but a specific design check would be required in accordance with section 3 2 47 General structural Design 3 2 48 Pipe structural performance Pipes are typically categorised as rigid or flexible depending upon the material from which they are manufactured Rigid pipes such as concrete have a high inherent strength and resist applied loading by a bending action within the pipe walls They are generally stiffer than the pipe surround material in particular the sidefill and consequently support a higher load than the sidefill material For design purposes they are generally assumed to support the entire vertical load transmitted through the backfill material placed above the level of the pipe crown Figure 1B Failure of rigid pipes occurs when the vertical loading exceeds its load capacit
66. inated waste can be recycled into other products If disposed in landfill uPVC PE and PP do not emit dangerous gases or contribute to groundwater pollution Comprehensive COSHH data sheets are available from the Polypipe Civils Technical Department Table 3 5 2 Pallet Quantities NOMINAL SIZE NUMBER OF PRODUCT mm LENGTHS PER PALLET 100 85 Ridgidrain 150 46 Polysewer amp Ridgidrain 225 23 Polysewer amp Ridgidrain 300 9 Polysewer amp Ridgidrain 375 5 Ridgidrain 400 5 Ridgisewer amp Ridgidrain 450 2 Ridgisewer 500 2 Ridgisewer 600 2 Ridgisewer All other diameters are supplied in individual lengths as standard 69 General Site Instructions 3 5 70 Jointing Systems Ridgisewer and Ridgidrain ADS pipes are manufactured with two types of jointing system Separate double socket couplings Integral sockets Available with Pipe diameters 400 900mm Figure 6 2 Jointing Systems Sealed Systems Polypipe s structured walled pipe systems are leak tight when installed in accordance with the relevant recommendations Sections 1 5 amp 2 5 The sealing systems currently comply with Method 4 of BS EN 1277 2003 Joints are tested to 0 5 and 0 3 Bar of pressure it should be noted that Polypipe s structured walled pipe systems are designed for gravity applications only Recommended maximum angular deviation limits at joint sockets are as follows 100 600mm Sn 750mm and larger les General Site Instr
67. ingle wall corrugated pipe to BS 4962 1989 supplied assembled with plastic fin and wrapped in geotextile Available in 80 100 and 160mm diameters Insert required diameter in place of L in product code These items are made to order and are subject to lead times Minimum order 10 packs per size CODE DEPTH mm LENGTH m FDLX12 5X600 600 12 5 FDLX12 5X700 700 12 5 FDLX12 5X800 800 12 5 FDLX12 5X900 900 12 5 FDLX12 5X1000 1000 12 5 FDLX12 5X1100 1100 12 5 FDLX12 5X1200 1200 12 5 FDLX12 5X1500 1500 12 5 FDLX12 5X1930 1930 12 2 6 is also available in 50m lengths with BBA integral draw string for insertion of pipe on site CERTIFICATE No 93 R078 13 Ridgidrain Pipe Dimensions 1 2 14 Type 8 filter drain Single wall corrugated pipe to BS 4962 1989 Supplied wraped in geotextile CODE DIAMETER mm LENGTH m GE60X150 60 150 tm GE80X100 80 100 GE100X100 100 100 CERTIFICATE No 89078 GE125X75 125 75 up to 100mm GE160X45 160 45 GE200X40 200 40 Available from stock Type 9 geotextile sheet La BRITISH BOARD OF AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 93 R078 CODE DEPTH mm LENGTH mm TX4 5X100 4 5 100 Ridgigully HDPE road gully Corrugated for extra strength CODE NOMINAL NOMINAL CAPACITY DIAMETER mm DEPTH mm LITRES RG450750 450 750 80 RG450900 450 900 104 Gully adaptors Code Description UG602 160mm
68. ion London BSI British Standards Institution 2002 BS EN 13242 2002 Aggregates for unbound and hydraulically bound materials for use in civil engineering work and road construction London BSI British Standards Institution 1989 BS 4962 1989 Specification for plastics pipes and fittings for use as subsoil field drains London BSI British Standards Institution 1980 BS 5955 6 1980 Plastics pipework thermoplastics materials Code of practice for the installation of unplasticized PVC pipework for gravity drains and sewers London BSI British Standards Institution 1996 BS EN 1446 1996 Plastics piping and ducting systems Thermoplastics pipes Determination of ring flexibility London BSI References 3 9 British Standards Institution 1995 BS EN ISO 9969 1995 Thermoplastics pipes Determination of ring stiffness London BSI British Standards Institution 1995 BS EN ISO 9967 1995 Thermoplastics pipes Determination of creep ratio London BSI British Standards Institution 1996 BS EN 1411 1996 Plastics piping and ducting systems Thermoplastics pipes Determination of resistance to external blows by the staircase method London BSI British Standards Institution 2003 BS EN 1277 2003 Plastics piping systems Thermoplastics piping systems for buried non pressure applications Test methods for leaktightness of elastomeric sealing ring type Joints London BSI British Standards Institution
69. ions may be used with ur les Im E ae 3 la n FR LULA Tnm is RNG IE RE af TG pe m a concrete surround in place of brickwork z Haee D AP yh xj vr rr i T 1 1 ANA i Pneu Polini E Se Ay Surround and backfill material Concrete Surround cd m zm T p i Polypspe Drainage to SMW Claus co 3 1 5 ti cri j i pipe t SHV Claus to S H W Clause 215 AS 2001 Edition ew k pos 908 7 2D01 VAL LEE TN QA cM i eri Us OB Surround and backfill material i Ace Gr SSSR EM to S H W Clause 514 ti 15027 Ridgulrain and Ridigifiex WEDI to ENT Ulis Concrete to S H W Clause 508 6 In situ soil BRITISH BBA x AGREMENT CERTIFICATE No 90 R054 Ridgidrain Installation 1 5 Midi gully Gully Riser Finished verlate bevel Pohpipe Cris offer Class B125rabng and frame epos o d Bra LH ON rs Mu lier fast riva na nF at dati a 3E L R a oe Era at itane 5i i ur qe tes 4 ith d uai d de tl Y QU Lits H RARS Eno SS DAL uv Connection HAN memet IE Standard connections Connection 110mm EN1401 to 100mm Ridgidrain Connection 160mm EN1401to 150mm Ridgidrain
70. ipe systems cope with differential settlement A Polypipe Civils thermoplastic pipes weigh less than 696 of the equivalent size of concrete pipe resulting in a lower imposed pressure on the formation soils Thermoplastic structured walled pipes are generally better able to cope with differential settlement than rigid pipe systems such as clay or concrete Differential settlement of more traditional materials leads to stress concentrations in the pipe wall and premature failure Thermoplastic pipe systems will merely deform further until the pipe soil system regains equilibrium Additional joints may be easily and quickly introduced in thermoplastic pipe runs increasing the system flexibility FAQ Section 3 8 Q Do need to install rocker pipes when forming chamber connections A Although thermoplastic structured walled pipe systems are able to accommodate a degree of differential settlement we recommend that the provisions outlined in a relevant code of practice be followed Sewers proposed for adoption under Section 104 of the Water Industries Act 1991 Sewers for Adoption 6th Edition states a flexible joint should be provided as close as possible to the outside face of any structure into which a pipe is built In addition a rocker pipe be provided to allow for differential settlement that may occur between the structure and pipeline The length of rocker pipe required is generally in accordance with the followin
71. ith spigot and socket joints and O ring seals at 6 to 9m intervals 0 06 SLIMED SEWERS Flowing half full velocity approximately 0 75 ms 0 6 125 Flowing half full velocity approximately 1 2 ms 0 15 0 3 However certain codes of practice such as Sewers for Adoption 6th Edition SFA stipulates a minimum pipe roughness irrespective of the sewer type Where Foul gravity sewer design Ks 1 5mm Clause 2 12 5 Surface water sewer design Ks 0 6mm Clause 2 13 SFA As can be seen from table 3 3 1 these values are very conservative The very low surface energy inherent with thermoplastic pipes makes significant biological growth or adhesion of other materials unlikely to occur A value of 0 009 is recommended for the roughness coefficient when Mannings equation is used All charts in this section are based on the Colebrook White equation Kinematic viscosity v Kinematic viscosity is a ratio of a fluids viscosity and density Viscosity is independent of pressure and depends on temperature only therefore values vary according to the type of fluid and its ambient temperature For design purposes 1 141 x 10 m s may be used Water at 15 C The volume of flow may then be calculated using the continuity equation O yh Where Flow rate m s v Water velocity A Cross sectional area of pipe bore Determining the correct pipe size gradient or discharge capacity using the Colebrook White equation is an iterative
72. key SUDS technique is to encourage surface water to infiltrate into the ground at source The Ridgidrain pipe system is available in unperforated half perforated and fully perforated configurations The perforated and half perforated pipes may be used to form several different infiltration devices With carrier pipes used to transport surface water to the point of infiltration enabling a single integrated system to be used where required Typical infiltration structures using the Ridgidrain system are Ring soakaway Horizontal tank soakaway Trench soakaway Infiltration trench As part of a drainage blanket increasing its storage capacity and reducing the volume of stone required Please refer to Polypipe Stormwater Management Technical Manual for further information of SUDS and infiltration structure design Ridgidrain Model Specification Clauses 1 7 Ridgidrain ADS Filter Carrier Drainage Pipes For applications subject to the Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works in diameters up to 900mm The pipes shall be thermoplastic structured wall pipes and shall have a current British Board of Agr ment Building Regulations or HAPAS certificate stating that they comply with volume 1 clause 518 of the Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works The system shall be stored handled transported and installed in accordance with the Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works The pipes shall be of carrier
73. le For design purposes the flexible calculation procedure is normally used for pipes manufactured from steel thermoplastic and GRP The following procedure is extracted from BS EN 1295 1 Clause NA 6 Ovalization A _ Kx DiPe Ps Clause NA 6 2 4 BS EN 1295 1 D BEI D 4 0 061E Where A Pipe deflection D Pipe diameter Pe Vertical Soil Pressure eH Ps Surcharge pressure due to vehicle wheels Figure NA 6 BS EN 1295 1 Di Deflection lag factor 1 Non pressure application Table NA 6 BS EN 1295 1 Kx Deflection Co efficient 0 083 Based on a Class 51 embedment Table NA 6 BS EN 1295 1 EVD Product modulus Polypipe Civils Technical Data E Overall soil modulus Overall Soil Modulus E EC Where Le Bed amp surround soil modulus Table NA 6 BS EN 1295 1 Gi Soil modulus adjustment factor Soil modulus adjustment factor C esas Sen eee Cr Mo OMA Clause NA 6 2 4 BS EN 1295 1 Where Bc Pipe O D Bd Trench width Bc 300mm Native Soil Modulus Table NA 1 BS EN 1295 1 49 General structural Design 3 2 50 Vertical soil pressure Pe The vertical dead load applied to the pipe system is typically restricted to the soil pressure generated by the pipe backfill material The load is taken as the pressure imposed by the prism of soil directly overlying the pipe No allowance is made within the standard for the effect of shear between
74. lue inner wall to facilitate wall to facilitate CCTV surveying CCTV surveying BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 00 3678 The surface water gullies shall be single piece gullies moulded in Narrow filter drains shall be of Type 8 and shall have a current HDPE and shall have a current British Board of Agr ment Roads British Board of Agr ment Roads and Bridges certificate The pipe and Bridges certificate The outlet shall be trapped as standard and shall be kitemarked to BS4962 1989 and the geotextile shall capable of being converted to an untrapped gully by removal of the be non woven and meet the requirements of the factory installed stopper The gully shall be corrugated for enhanced Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works stiffness to key into the concrete surround Gullies shall be installed in accordance with the BRITISH Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works BA s The geotextile shall have a current British Board of Agr ment Roads CERTIFICATE No 90 R054 and Bridges certificate and be installed in BRITISH BBA 2 AGREMENT Fin drains shall be of Type 6 or Ridgidrain and shall have a current Documents for Highway Works CERTIFICATE No 33078 accordance with the Manual of Contract British Board of Agr ment Roads and Bridges certificate The pipe shall be kitemarked to BS4962 1989 and the geotextile BRITISH BBA
75. n width nominal pipe dia 50mm Geotextile Core Backfill Height Polypipe Civils Perforated pipe Surround and backfill ra d material to S H W Clause 515 In situ soil Pipe surround tm BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 93 R078 Type 8 Narrow filter drain Min width nominal pipe dia 50 Granular material to SHW clause 515 2001 Edition Height Polypipe Civils Linflex type 8 perforated pipe 50mm Geotextile sock Surround and backfill 75mm material to S H W Clause 515 Pipe surround p BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 93 R078 In situ soil Ridgigully grating and frame bo SHW Ge Himm below fell level Funus leas ri D n E L D Siia r7B ap NT 4 aH ef priant a T u fa LE 5 C EM HE rata man meme eee sen anne pU CN L b re 7h ie Brickwoek to SHW eee es TS NA 2400 Series po ce pn Tm of Plate gully mier ln LE t 5 h cut down to suit MR p Tif r cdenth rr gt ETHER TR I x M Sr 3l p s xo d 2 mm m m ri Optional gully rising sect
76. nap cap amp seals NOMINAL SIZE CODE DESCRIPTION 150 56103 To adapt 87 5 bends and 45 unequal junctions to EN1401 pipes 150 56104 To adapt 87 5 junctions to 1401 pipes p BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 Rodding eye NOMINAL SIZE CODE DESCRIPTION 150 56225 Sealed oval top in aluminium BRITISH BOARD OF AGR MENT CERTIFICATE No 02 3923 32 Ridgisewer Pipe Dimensions 2 2 Plain ended pipes NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID mm OD mm LENGTH m WEIGHT kg m 400 RSWAOOX6PEA4 400 457 6 9 4 450 RSWA50X6PEA4 450 511 6 11 8 500 RSW500X6PEA 500 568 6 13 3 600 RSW600X6PE4 587 672 6 15 3 400 RSWAOOX3PE4 400 457 3 9 4 450 RSW450X3PE4 450 511 3 11 8 500 RSW500X3PE4 500 568 3 13 3 600 RSW600X3PE4 587 672 3 15 3 V BBA X BOARD BT KM55701 CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 Integrally socketed pipes NOMINAL SIZE CODE ID mm OD mm LENGTH m WEIGHT kg m 400 5 400 6154 400 457 6 9 4 450 RSWA5OX6ISA 450 511 6 TIS 500 RSW500X6IS4 500 568 6 13 3 600 5 600 6154 58 672 6 15 3 400 RSW400X31S4 400 457 3 9 4 450 RSWA5OXSISA 450 511 3 11 8 500 RSW500X31S4 500 568 3 13 3 600 5 600 3154 587 672 3 12 3 50 RSW750X3ISA4 765 880 3 35 V BB A 900 5 900 3154 909 1032 2 38 KM55701 CERTIFICATE No 03 3979 Double socket couplings NOMINAL SIZE CODE A B BRITISH 400
77. ngs manholes catchpits and soakaways Ridgidrain introduction 1 1 The twin wall structure provides a high stiffness flexible and economic alternative to conventional designs Applications Airports The Ridgidrain ADS system is approved by the British Airports Authority for runway and land drainage Ridgidrain products have also been approved for use on RAF bases and many other airports Railways The Ridgidrain ADS system is approved for track drainage by Railtrack as well as high speed rail operators throughout Europe Polypipe Civils Limited is a qualified supplier to the industry under the terms of the Link Up scheme e UK Specification Railtrack plc e Model Clauses for Specifying Civil Engineering Works Sections 185 186 e Track Drainage Issue No 1 Revision B Link up Ridgidrain ADS features e Full range from 100 1050mm 1050mm BBA Pending e Fewer joints means faster installation and less potential for leakage e Structured wall design for a high ring stiffness e Optimised weight for reduced health and safety risks and ease of transport handling and installation Ridgidrain pipes have a weight less than 696 of the equivalent size of concrete pipe e Strong yet flexible design allows pipeline to withstand some ground movement and differential settlement Robust impact and abrasion resistant construction Low friction inner wall for far superior hydr
78. o m gt 501 X X 6 or 100 min 5 is the preferred granular bed and surround detail Type Z is recommended where depths of cover are less than 1 2m Joint filler board shall be placed in contact with the end of the socket at a pipe joint and shall extend through the full thickness of the concrete in contact with the pipe These should be placed at each pipe joint Class 8 material to S H W Clause 503 3 iv Surround may be formed to a radius batter or to a horizontal surface Concrete to S H W Clause 503 3 iii 0 2 0 X 600 max X 300 min Granular material to S H W Clause 503 3 i Pi o Uo D Material to S H W Clause 503 3 ii e g sand _ In situ soil 150 SHW Specification for Highway Works X All dimensions in mm X 4 100 min X pipe diameter Ridgidrain Installation 1 5 Standard details to the manual of contract document for highway works Type G Filter drains Type H Filter drains X 600 max X 600 max 300 min 300 min Type B filter material to SHW Clause 505 Mix ST2 concrete ut Type A or C filter material to S H W Clause 505 or granular material to S H W Clause 503 3 i iN In situ soil SHW Specification for Highway Works All dimensions in mm X pipe diameter 19 Ridgidrain Installation 1 5 20 Standard details Type 6 Fin drain Mi
79. of exposure to ultraviolet light are limited to colour changes A much longer period of exposure would be necessary before the structural or mechanical properties of the products could be affected Due to aesthetic considerations uncovered storage for periods longer than approximately 3 months BBA is not generally recommended Thermal characteristics All components of the Ridgisewer amp Polysewer system are suitable for use over a wide range of temperatures Table 3 4 3 Thermal Resistance DIAMETER MAXIMUM MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE 9 CONTINUOUS TEMPERATURE 9 Polysewer 755 Contact the technical department for individual advice Ridgisewer 100 80 Ridgidrain 80 60 Based on intermittent exposure to temperature Extra care in handling may be required at temperatures below 0 Ridgisewer amp Polysewer pipes are most commonly installed underground where the effects of thermal expansion are restrained by friction between the pipe and its bed and surround material The effects of thermal expansion should be considered for any installations in which the pipes are not fully restrained Commonly accepted values for the coefficient of thermal expansion are provided in table 3 4 4 Table 3 4 4 Thermal Expansion MATERIAL COEFFICIENT mm mK PVC 0 08 0 14 0 17 General Properties 3 4 Chemical Resistance of the materials used in the Polypipe s thermoplastic structured wall pipe systems have excellent chemical resis
80. of a complete plastic drainage system Plastic chambers have been used for many years for the construction of manhole chambers on non adoptable sewers however it should be noted that Sewers For Adoption presently specifies that manholes to be of brickwork or pre cast concrete construction FAQ Section 3 8 Q How are pre fabricated chambers installed A The burial depth and expected imposed loading dictate the recommended form of installation Please refer to the figure below Lockable Galvanised Steel Lid See Polypipe Chis drawing 18120 D1 Min 150mm Cancrete 150mm Bej Gronulor Surround Bed amp Surround Single Sred To BS BB2 Monhole Chamber zi5mm Ridglkdrain B S Coupling 225mm 8 pipe Gronulor Surreund Tigang Single Sued To BS BAD UNLOADED AREA Depth lt 30m LOADED AREA In unloaded situations where the depth to invert is limited to 3 0m a granular bed and surround may be used In all other situations a concrete bed and surround is recommend How do I form a connection with an existing concrete manhole A It is normal practice when making connections to existing manholes for the soffit of the new pipe to be at the same level as the soffit of the outgoing pipe When making connections to existing manholes the following procedure should be carried out e Excavate down side of manhole to level of base e At location of proposed
81. om roads and car parks Where hydrocarbons are present in higher quantities for example a garage forecourt nitrile seals should be specified in place of the standard EPDM seals upstream of the separator Unaffected by any naturally occurring compound in soils including humic and fulvic acids found in peaty soils Unaffected by sulphates in any concentration and sulphuric acid non fuming Affected only by a limited number of industrial chemicals that are only rarely found in the environment in sufficient concentration to be detrimental to the Polypipe s thermoplastic structured wall pipe systems This may only occur in heavily contaminated industrial sites where concentrations may be high enough to warrant further investigation Disposal of industrial chemicals into drains should not occur due to environmental regulations Spillages should be contained and result in short term exposure and it should be noted that any effects may be reversible and are dependent on concentration frequency and duration of exposure The current world wide inventory of industrial chemicals extends to many millions of compounds and no definitive list detailing their effect on polymers exists For further information or detailed advice contact the Technical Department at Polypipe Civils Limited The following information is required in order to evaluate fully the suitability of Polypipe s thermoplastic structured wall pipe products for any given applicati
82. on e The chemical s e The concentration of the chemical s e The frequency and duration of exposure e The maximum temperature of the chemical s e The design life of the pipe system 67 General Site Instructions 3 5 68 Safety amp General Advice Ridgisewer and Ridgidrain ADS products should be transported handled and installed in accordance with the requirements of BS5955 Part 6 1980 and for applicable contracts the Highways Agency Manual of Contract Documents for Highway Works and Sewers for Adoption Storage and Handling Recommendations Pipes up to 400mm in diameter are supplied in pallets which should be carried by a forklift or similar vehicle and should not be dropped from the delivery or craned by their timber frames If pallets are craned soft slings should be used Pallets may be stacked up to a height of 3 pallets as shown but only if carefully stacked on firm level ground Care should be taken when cutting the steel strapping as it could flail and cause injury 450mm and larger pipes are normally supplied in individual lengths but may also be palleted Loose pipes should be stored between securely anchored supports not more than 1 8m apart Loose pipes should not be thrown dropped or dragged along the ground Care should be taken to ensure that pipes particularly those with integral sockets are not damaged during unloading and or transport on site Extra care should be taken at temperatures below 0
83. on Please note Ridgidrain pipes may float if a substantial depth of water is in the trench during installation Structural Properties Where a detailed structural design check to determine the installed performance of the Ridgidrain system is to be carried out values from tables 1 4 2 amp 1 4 3 may be used for design purposes Please refer to Section 3 2 for structural design methodology of flexible pipe systems Table 1 4 2 Short Term Pipe Design Properties NOMINAL MEAN EI D SIZE mm DIAMETER m m m x 10 kN m x 10 kN m 150 0 158 47 2 800 9 43 225 0 239 113 7 800 6 62 300 0 320 264 7 800 6 41 375 0 395 543 7 800 7 05 400 0 417 486 9 1100 7 38 450 0 471 699 3 1100 7 34 500 0 525 934 3 1100 7 07 600 0 622 1324 1 1100 6 04 750 0 811 3820 2 2800 19 98 900 0 950 3125 9 2800 10 20 1050 1 118 6510 4 2800 13 04 Ridgidrain Pipe Design Properties 1 4 Structural Properties Table 1 4 3 Long term pipe design properties NOMINAL MEAN EI D SIZE DIAMETER m m m x 10 kN m x 103 kN m 150 0 158 47 2 230 2 71 225 0 239 113 7 230 1 90 300 0 320 264 7 230 1 84 375 0 395 543 7 230 2 03 400 0 417 486 9 280 1 88 450 0 471 699 3 280 1 87 500 0 525 934 3 280 1 80 600 0 622 1324 1 280 1 54 750 0 811 3820 2 580 4 14 900 0 950 3125 9 580 2 11 1050 1 118 6510 4 580 2 70 Ridgidrain Installation 1 5 Installation of the Ridgidrain system is typically carried out in accordance with the
84. r a stronger lighter economic and robust alternative to conventional pipe systems The proposed application dictates the choice of system from Polypipe Civils range of structured walled thermoplastic pipes Product Description Application Ridgidrain Surface water drainage Road Rail Airports Landfill Sport facilities and Environmental systems Polysewer Gravity surface water Private amp adoptable sewer systems Ridgisewer and foul sewer systems capital work schemes The different water authorities have varying performance criteria Polypipe Civils offers a suitable product to meet this criteria CONTACTS Polypipe Civils Division Polypipe Civils Limited Head Office Union Works Bishop Meadow Road Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 5RE Tel 01509 615100 Fax 01509 610215 Internet www polypipecivils co uk Polypipe Civils Ltd Sales Offices London Home Counties East Anglia Tel 01509 615102 Southwest Midlands Wales Tel 01509 615125 Utilities Northwest Northeast Ireland Tel 01509 615110 Scotland Tel 01509 615133 Estimating Tel 01509 615126 Estimating Fax 01509 615153 Fax all sales enquiries and orders to 01509 265945 Email Sales Enquires sales polypipecivils co uk Technical Offices Technical support Tel 01509 615150 Technical support Fax 01509 615205 Polypipe Civils Ltd Sales Office Scotland 2410 London Road Mount Vernon Glasgow G32 8XZ Tel 0141 77
85. r couplings are required for repairs to pipes 750 and larger 80 Q How do retrofit a pipe junction A Where a new connection to an existing pipeline is required and an appropriate junction was not incorporated as it was being laid a junction may be inserted into the pipeline Junction types vary depending on the pipe system and diameter However they may be divided into the following forms a Both ends of the main branch are socketed b One end of the main branch has a socket c The main branch is plain ended Accordingly the following procedures differ slightly depending on which junction is used a Double Socket Junctions e On the ground surface cut two short lengths of pipe At one end of both short lengths fit sealing rings between the first and second pipe corrugations Insert the two short lengths of pipe into the sockets of the main branch Fit sealing rings between the first and second pipe corrugations at each end At the proposed location of the junction cut out the appropriate length of existing pipe e Remove sufficient backfill bed and surround material to enable the insertion of slip couplings or flexible rubber couplings over the ends of the existing pipe e Fit sealing rings between the first and second pipe corrugations at each end of the existing pipe e Install slip couplings over the ends of the existing Ridgisewer pipe e Insert junction and centre
86. rces are due to air trapped 400 0 190 1422 within the corrugations and the pipe bore 450 0 244 1 804 500 0 314 2 240 Pipe bore full 600 0 443 3 098 This is applicable to filter drainage pipes and 750 0 734 5 243 filled carrier drainage pipes The uplift forces are 900 0 867 7 233 due to air trapped within the corrugations N B Fluid Density of 1000kg m assumed The difference in flotation forces between Ridgsewer SN4 and SN8 pipes is negligible The worst case figure is used An appropriate factor of safety should be used to ensure prevention of flotation after installation Please note that Ridgisewer and Polysewers pipes may float if a substantial depth of water is in the trench during installation Ridgisewer Installation 2 5 Structural properties Where a detailed structural design check is required values from tables 2 4 1 amp 2 4 2 may be used for design purposes Please refer to Section 3 2 for structural design methodology of flexible pipe systems Installation Installation of the Polysewer Ridgisewer system is typically carried out in accordance with Sewers for Adoption 6th Edition Sewerage undertakers approving Polysewer Ridgisewer have adopted the following installation detail Granular Bed amp Surround Native soil Selected granular material 100mm min under pipe As small as practicable but not less than 150mm Extract from Table A2 WIS 4 08 02 PIPE NOMINAL BORE MM NOMINAL M
87. refore decrease This empirical relationship holds true for laboratory based creep testing of the pipe where the pipe deflection strain is not limited or restrained Therefore as deflection of the pipe increases over time it s modulus apparently decreases leading to a lower long term stiffness value If making a similar assumption for pipes installed in the ground where the imposed load stress is assumed to be constant after backfilling If a pipe continues to deflect an increase in strain over time according to the above empirical relationship the pipe modulus must therefore decrease However research has shown that exhumed pipes do not decrease in stiffness but in fact have a post installation stiffness equal to or actually higher than that when it was manufactured Passive earth pressures generated in the side fill restrict deformation of a pipe buried in the ground Once installed any significant increase in pipe deformation requires the pipe and soil structure to creep or deform or a change in the imposed loading to occur The stiffness of the backfill surrounding the pipe vastly superior to that of the pipe itself plays the most significant part in this pipe soil system Buckling check with soil support 1 Factor of Safety Fs Ps Py Pars Where Pcr D S EIU D 99 The long and short term values of the pipe modulus E are used to calculate Pei and Pcrs
88. slip couplings over each joint e Form new bed and surround e Reinstate backfill to trench FAQ Section 3 8 b Spigot and socket junctions Measure the effective length of the junction ie from inside face of collar to end of spigot At the proposed location of the junction insertion cut out the appropriate length of existing pipe Remove sufficient backfill material and bed and surround material at one end of the existing pipe to enable the insertion of a flexible rubber coupling or slip coupling Remove sufficient backfill bed and surround material at the other end of the existing pipe to enable the junction socket to be pushed home Plain ended junctions e Measure the effective length of the junction ie from inside face e At the proposed location of the junction insertion cut out the appropriate length of existing pipe e Remove sufficient backfill bed and surround material at both ends of the existing pipe to enable the insertion of flexible rubber couplings or slip coupling e Insert junction e Centre flexible rubber coupling over spigot end of junction and tighten coupling e Form new bed and surround e Reinstate backfill to trench e On the end of the existing Ridgisewer pipe to receive the junction socket fit a sealing ring between the first and second corrugation e Insert socket of junction over end of existing Ridgisewer pipe to which sealing ring has been fitte
89. ssary density without compaction Compaction of these materials is recommended where trench walls are relatively soft and weak For well graded granular soils compaction will be necessary It is important that compacting equipment does not come into contact with the pipe at any stage of compaction The sidefill material should normally extend a minimum 100mm above the pipe crown Backfill placement The backfill material that lies within 300mm of the pipe crown should be free from particles stones exceeding 40mm diameter Heavy compaction should not be applied until the cover to the pipe is a minimum of 300mm in order to avoid the imposition of large stresses to the pipe The material that is placed more than 300mm above the pipe crown should be placed and compacted in layers not greater than 300mm thick or in compliance with the specification It is important that trench sheets if used to support the trench are removed progressively prior to compaction of the sidefill and backfill N B Refer to sections 1 5 and 2 5 for standard installation details General Site Instructions 3 5 Recommendations on Pressure Testing Structured walled thermoplastic pipes may be tested using conventional air or water testing Air Test Method 1 Block the ends of the pipe including any branches using sealed expanding stoppers Fill a U tube manometer with water to the correct level ensuring that there are no trapped air bubbles in the w
90. tance characteristics especially when compared with traditional materials such as concrete For example sulphates and sulphuric acid non fuming have no measurable effect on polyethylene and polypropylene yet are severely detrimental to ordinary concrete However under rare conditions there are substances that can have an effect on plastic and rubber materials and detailed chemical resistance information is available in the following standards e CP312 Part 1 1973 Code of practice for plastics pipework thermoplastics material General principles and choice of material e BS ISO 4433 2 1997 Polyolefin pipes Thermoplastics pipes Resistance to liquid chemicals Classification Part 2 e BS ISO 4433 3 1997 PVCu Thermoplastics pipes Resistance to liquid chemicals Classification Part 3 e SO TR 10358 1993 Plastic pipes and fittings Combined chemical resistance classification table e ISO TR 7620 2005 Rubber materials Chemical resistance A number of statements can be made on the chemical resistance of the Polypipe s thermoplastic structured wall pipe system Under typical installation conditions the system is Unaffected by pH in the range of 0 1 14 Unaffected by inorganic salts in any concentration including heavy metals Unaffected by dilute aqueous solutions of organic chemicals such as detergents Unaffected by low concentrations of hydrocarbons and oils in normal use such as run off fr
91. te equations The Colebrook White equation forms the basis of this guide as it has been shown to provide accurate results for a wide range of flow conditions and is the method commonly used in the UK For circular pipes flowing full the Colebrook White equation may be expressed as M 2V 29S D logio x 5 zd 3 70 0 29510 Where v Mean water velocity g Gravity Sf Hydraulic gradient hf L D Internal pipe diameter ks Pipe roughness V Kinematic viscosity An alternative approach is required when utilising the Colebrook White equation to determine either the pipe diameter or hydraulic gradient variables Hydraulic gradient S Hydraulic gradient is governed by the pipe slope Pipe roughness ks A mean measurement of the height that surface roughness projects from the pipe wall Measured in terms of an equivalent sand roughness Sewer type and age will influence the choice of pipe roughness Except for calculating initial flow conditions consideration should also be given to environmental factors such as sediment and biological slime deposits Typical values of roughness Ks for use in the Colebrook White equation are given in table 3 3 1 General Hydraulic Design 3 3 Hydraulic Properties Table 3 3 1 Selected Roughness Coefficient Values ks SUITABLE KS VALUES mm MATERIAL GOOD NORMAL POOR CLEAN AND NEW PIPES Twin wall pipes with coupling joints 0 003 0 006 Standard pipes w
92. the backfill material and the trench walls Where the density of the backfill material is not available 19 6 kN m may be assumed for design purposes Surcharge pressure due to trafficking Ps The imposed pressure from vehicle trafficking is largely dependant on the depth of cover above the pipe Consequently construction traffic may pose the worst case load condition particularly if precautions are not taken on site as cover depths are commonly less than when construction is complete Surcharge loads calculated using Boussinesq s theory may be derived from figures 3 2 4 amp 3 2 1 Pipes laid near railway lines are also subjected to dynamic loading Two catagories of design loading are generally adopted for design Type RU loading covers all current and projected rolling stock on UK railways Type RL loading covers only passenger rapid transit systems The vertical stress at the appropriate depth for both types of loading is given in fig 3 2 2 for single track loading Where multiple tracks occur the vertical stress should be multiplied by an appropriate factor taken from fig 3 2 3 Deflection Lag factor DL An empirical factor used to account for relaxation or creep of the pipe soil system and other general long term settlement effects A conservative design approach is taken by assuming no beneficial effect is derived from frictional forces between the trench walls and backfill material in addition to the use of a lon
93. to the pipe until the central register of the coupler butts up to the pipe end It may be easier to start the pipe into the coupling if pushed at a slight angle initially Pipes can be supplied either integrally socketed or plain ended Adaptors are available for the connection to other pipe systems Making the connection Push the pipe fully onto the coupling on the adjacent length by hand or if required by levering it into place with timber sections It is likely that 750mm and larger sizes will require mechanical assistance Robust timber should be used to protect the pipe and spread the load under these conditions It may be easier to start the pipe into the coupling if the pipe is inserted at a slight angle to the coupling initially Ensure that the alignment of the pipes is satisfactory and that the angular deflection is not excessive 71 General Site Instructions 3 5 72 Trench Preparation Trenches should not be excavated too far in advance of pipe installation and should be supported by trench boxes where required by Health and Safety requirements Trenches should be as narrow as practicable generally between 300 and 600mm wider than the outside diameter of the pipe Where multiple pipes are installed in a trench sufficient spacing should be allowed between them to ensure that there are no voids and the material can be fully compacted Local soft spots in the trench base should be excavated and filled with a suitabl
94. uate long term pipe performance Appropriate deflection serviceability limits should be set on a case by case basis For example greater limits may be allowable in a deep landfill installation compared to a pipe buried at a shallow depth under a road Deflection limits within the UK varies depending on the relevant adopting authority For design purposes the Highways Agency specifies a maximum allowable deformation of 596 for thermoplastic structured walled pipes while the water industry tends to specify 6 General Structural Design 3 2 Methods of flexible pipe design Numerous methods of pipeline design have been developed influenced by the prevailing conditions in the country in which the development occurred The most established method of design for flexible pipes is that produced by Spangler Although originally developed for large diameter thin walled corrugated steel culverts under embankment conditions the method has been adopted in much of the world for all types of flexible pipes This design method is recommended for the UK in BS EN 1295 Part 1 and forms the basis of this section Prediction of long term pipe deformation BS EN 1295 1 1998 Structural design of buried pipelines under various conditions of loading is the standard used within the UK in assessing pipeline design The various different types of pipe systems available are differentiated according to cross sectional behaviour as rigid semi rigid or flexib
95. uctions 3 5 Jointing Instructions This advice applies to all Polypipe structured walled thermoplastic pipes seals and fittings Note that sealing rings and lubricant may not be required for unsealed systems Components from other manufacturers systems should not be used without the written permission of Polypipe Civils Limited Polypipe Civils Limited does not guarantee any part of systems in which unauthorised components have been used Pipe preparation The thermoplastic pipes are easily cut to length on site preferably using a coarse toothed saw or heavy duty jigsaw Cuts should be made midway between corrugations and be square to the pipe Before jointing ensure that the ends of the pipe are free of sharp edges swarf and dirt or grit Sealing ring The correct sealing ring should be lubricated using Polypipe lubricant and fitted between the first and second pipe corrugations Ensure that the fitted seal is fully seated in the corrugation and is not twisted Any exceptions on special products will be identified on the product labelling All Polypipe seals are of the compression type and are not directional Lubricant Clean the inside of the coupling if necessary and apply sufficient Polypipe lubricant to the sealing ring and inside bores of the coupling making sure they are kept clean until the joint is made Lubricant must be used on all sealed joints Fitting the coupling Push the coupling over the seal and on
96. ull bore flow velocity by the proportional velocity 0 95 x 0 95m s 0 90m s Therefore the velocity of flow at the design discharge exceeds the self cleansing velocity General Properties 3 4 Abrasion Resistance Plastic pipe materials have excellent resistance to abrasion and are typically the material of choice for slurry pipelines associated with mining and quarrying Comparative testing performed by the University of Darmstadt detailed in Figure 3 4 2 clearly demonstrates that high density polyethylene and polypropylene have superior abrasion resistance to rigid pipes manufactured from traditional materials Ridgisewer pipes are manufactured in polypropylene PP and Polysewer pipes are manufactured in uPVC Ridgidrain pipes 100 375mm are manufactured in High Density Polyethylene HDPE and 400 1050mm are manufactured from Polypropylene PP Figure 3 4 2 Abrasion Resistance ASBESTOS CEMENT PIPE noe ACC FIE F 1 E wu E TET em x Tv sj i 1 L ET Ts F E y m d Au i eU ul J JU 1 Ji JU 65 General Properties 3 4 66 Ultraviolet light resistance As standard Ridgidrain Ridgisewer amp Polysewer products are designed and manufactured from materials with sufficient resistance to withstand the potential effects of ultraviolet light for periods of up to 3 months The initial effects
97. y and causes fracture of the pipe wall Figure 2B In order to perform satisfactorily the pipe must therefore be strong enough to support the design loading in addition to being laid on a stiff bedding material which must ultimately support the loads transmitted through the pipes The bedding must not allow differential settlement of the pipeline to occur since this would result in stress concentrations in the pipe wall and result in failure I O A Flexible y JR Rigid Figure 1 Illustration of performance mechanisms Compared with rigid pipes flexible pipes are versatile and have important structural performance advantages Unlike rigid pipes flexible pipes have excellent resistance to differential settlement Plastic pipes when overloaded will simply deform Figure 2A further to generate greater passive earth pressures until the system regains equilibrium In contrast overloaded rigid pipes are subject to fracture that can result in catastrophic failure of the system JN JN D PA O Q A Flexible B Rigid Figure 2 Illustration of overloading effect As a consequence of the differing performance mechanisms flexible pipes have structural performance advantages over rigid pipe systems e Flexible pipes offer excellent resistance to differential settlement and ground movement e When overloaded rigid pipes are subject to fracture and failure of the system Plastic pipes when

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