STARTER KIT USER MANUAL FOR THE ST624X LCD
Contents
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3. 44 9 5 1 Direct Code LCD RAM Patching 44 9 5 2 Indexed Data ROM 44 9 5 3 Complete Message Display 45 10 HARDWARE INFORMATION 47 EISE Lc wa ak eus ON dus 47 10 2 Starter Kit Board 47 3 49 Introduction 1 INTRODUCTION The ST624x Starter Kit provides you with all you need to start designing developing and eval uating programs for ST624x microcontrollers immediately The ST624x Starter Kit includes The ST6 assembler and linker AST6 LST6 The 576 Windows debugger WGDB6 The Windows ST6 microcontroller programmer Epromer The ST6 Starter Kit board which serves as a demonstration board and low cost debug ging tool Some demonstration programs that show how ST6 microcontrollers use the Starter Kit board resources Some example programs Two ST62E46BF1 microcontrollers Acomplete set of paper documentation and online help The demonstration programs that come pre loaded on the ST62T40B microcontroller show how the powerful features of ST6 microcontrollers operate in a real environment The demon stration programs use the hardware resources provided on the Starter Kit board which in clude
4. 1 EIEN SOM LENI OXIMA OLX lal E 48 49 Hardware Information Notes Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable However SGS THOMSON Microelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SGS THOMSON Microelectronics Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied SGS THOMSON Microelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of SGS THOMSON Microelectronics 1998 SGS THOMSON Microelectronics All rights reserved Printed in France by Imprimerie AGL Purchase of IC Components by SGS THOMSON Microelectronics conveys a license under the Philips 122 Patent Rights to use these components in an 12 system is granted provided that the system conforms to the 1 C Standard Specification as defined by Philips SGS THOMSON Microelectronics Group of Companies Australia Brazil Canada China France Germany Italy Japan Korea Malaysia Malta Morocco The Netherlands Singapore Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand United Kingdom U S
5. 5 Power up the Starter Kit board You can now use Epromer to program the microcontroller that is plugged into the Starter Kit board NOTE Epromer does not work under Windows NT To run Epromer from Windows 3 x double click the Epromer icon in the ST6 Tools group To run Epromer from Windows 95 click Start Programs ST6 Tools then Epromer For instructions on how to operate Epromer click Help in the Epromer main window 8 2 In Circuit Programming You can perform in circuit programming of ST62E4x and ST62T4x EPROM OTP microcon trollers using your own board connected to the Starter Kit board via the connector P1 marked 1 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 8 2 1 Application Board Connections The following paragraphs specify the connection requirements between your application board and the Starter Kit board The application board must have a suitable 16 way connector 8x2 header HE10 to be con nected via a 16 way cable to connector P1 marked 1 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 on the Starter Kit board The following table shows the required pin connections Table 3 Signal interconnection to different ST6 families 8x2 Connector ST621X 2X ST624X ST626X 9X ms o os ms esr esr meer osco ma o vm vem wem _ Pin 2 448 VSS 33 49 Programming ST6 Microcontrollers Use of the Vpp connection
6. nector Table 2 J2 User s LCD Interface Connector Unused 2 Unused 33 0 20 49 p Connecting External Resources to the Starter Kit Board NOTE 1 The combi port 0 7 can be accessed J2 It is normally connected to the LCD pins but however these LCD pins can be disconnected with JP2 jumper in order to use the combi port After Reset these pins are configured automatically as LCD segment 2 The VLCD input pin is connected to 5V supply voltage through a jumper between pins 57 and 58 To connect another voltage source first remove this jumper and then feed pin 58 with the new VLCD voltage 3 For the Starter Kit LCD VLCD1 3 and VLCD2 3 are generated by the ST62T40B internal resistor divider If needed an external divider can be connected to these two pins as de scribed in ST6240 data book especially if VLCD 4 5V 21 49 Using The Starter Kit Board as a Hardware Simulator 6 USING THE STARTER KIT BOARD AS A HARDWARE SIMULATOR WGDBB6 576 debugger that runs under Windows lets you test your programs without having to program the EPROM of your target ST6 Depending how much information you want and how close to real life you want your test environment to be can use WGDB6 in one of three ways Asa software simulator If you use WGDB6 as a simulator you need not attach any addi tional hardware to your PC The ST6 simulator program that comes with WGDB6 and is run when you
7. To prevent signal level contention Pins 1 and 7 must be directly connected to PA6 and PA7 on the 16 way connector and must be isolated from other nodes on the application board Any direct connection to Vss or an output must be avoided These pins be connected to a CMOS input a 2 KQ pull up a 10 KOhm pull down or left open Internal pull up If pin 3 on the 16 pin connector is connected to the target device the same applies Connec tion to pin 3 is not necessary if a high voltage level is guaranteed by the board design Some pins are not connected to the 16 way connector and must be set to a high level dur ing programming This is normally achieved by the RESET signal sent by the programming tool through the 16 way cable setting the I O pins as inputs with an internal 300 pull up To keep these lines high direct connection of these pins to GND or to any other signal at low level even temporarily must be avoided Only connections to another CMOS input to an external pull up or a 10 MQ pull down is allowed The Vpp TM pin must not be directly connected to GND Vgg on the application board to avoid any conflict with the programming voltage provided by the programming tool via pin 13 on the 34 49 ky Programming ST6 Microcontrollers connector This pin should be pulled down by a resistor with minimum value of 10 KQ You must add 100 nF ceramic capacitor between Vpp Test and Vss 8 3 Setting Up the
8. on page 36 7 2 Exercise 2 1 With stktrain hex still loaded WGDB6O in the WGDB6 main window on the Commands menu click Reset to reset the program The Disassembler window opens with the line jp init highlighted this is the line pointed to by the reset vector 2 In the WGDB6 main window click the Cont button The program counter jumps to the init address which is the beginning of the program Look at the Starter Kit LCD it is first cleared then the word DISPLAY followed by KEY is displayed on it Press some keys on the starter kit keyboard and note the result the keys you press are displayed on the right side LCD Bear in mind that the program is being sim ulated and thus is not running in real time mode so you may have to keep keys pressed for several seconds until they are displayed on the LCD 3 In the WGDB6 main window click the Stop button 4 In the Disassembler window type m disp in the top right field next to the Page field and press the Enter key on your PC keyboard The disassembled code around the address m disp is displayed with the m disp ad dress highlighted Click the Break button in the Disassembler window to set a breakpoint 30 49 Exercises on the m_disp address program execution will now stop when the PC reaches this ad dress T Disassembler Misc Commands Break GoTo Inspect Help amp F a disp dui Celh A Disp Oxb08 0 180 4 fdr
9. A 4 49 49
10. Filter MCR 1 Symbol matching LMCR Symbol Details Close _ Inspect Add To Watch 2 From the Type drop down list choose data as shown above LMCR is a data address 3 In the Filter field type LMCR as shown above 4 Click Apply LMCR is now displayed in the Symbols matching box as shown above 5 Select LMCR in the Symbols matching box then click Inspect The Inspect window opens displaying the value of LMCR which is 0 Misc Edit Add Watch o 000 28 49 Exercises You are now going to change the value of LMCR to 36 1 In the Inspect window select the value 0 then on the Edit menu click Modify and over type the value 0 with 36 and click Set The contents of the inspect window are now 36 indicating that the new LMCR value is 36 The value 36 corresponds to the following configuration bits DS1 0 hold the values 0 0 defining 1 4 duty bits HF2 0 hold the values 1 1 0 setting 96256 main osc bits LF2 1 hold the values 1 1 0 setting the LCD frequency to 512 Hz 2 Look at the LCD on the Starter Kit board it now displays the message REMOTE If you already used the program the message may not be REMOTE It depends on what is in the memory You are now going to manually build the character A that will be displayed on the LCD 1 In the Inspect window on the Edit menu click Dump The dump window opens click on Data to displa
11. Indicator ey eee s ex 12 2 7 Hexadecimal Keyboard 1 12 2 8 Resistarice trimmoer bine A XU RUNE RE 14 2 9 Combi ponts 0 7 oa eM Red 14 3 INSTALLING THE STARTER KIT 15 3 1 Hardware and Software Requirements 15 3 2 installing ihe Software errs os eed PEE GE AS 15 3 3 Connecting the Power Supply 15 4 RUNNING THE DEMOS 254 ee uma xr so uae a e e xa e 17 at Whatthe Demos iere bee eb aetas 17 4 1 1 Demo 1 Key Display 17 4 1 2 Demo 2 Voltmeter 1 17 4 2 Running the Demonstration Programs 18 5 CONNECTING EXTERNAL RESOURCES TO THE STARTER KIT BOARD 19 6 USING THE STARTER KIT BOARD 5 A HARDWARE SIMULATOR 22 6 1 The Data Transmission Driver 2 23 6 2 Technical Limitations dde ot are 23 6 3 Error Messages
12. KIT LCD PANEL INTERFACE The following paragraphs describe how the starter kit LCD panel interfaces with the ST62T40B microcontroller LCD panel used on ST62T40B Starter Kit board has 8 alphanumeric digits Each digit is based on a 16 segment matrix operating in multiplexed mode 1 4 duty so that only 4 segment pins are required per digit Thus the following pins are required for the 8 digits 32 segment SEG pins 4common COM pins VLCD operating mode is 5V Digits are annotated from 0 to 7 respectively from right to left as shown by the following dia gram 8 ALPHANUMERIC DIGITS LCD 7 D D D D D D D DP DP DP DP DP DP digit digit digit digit digit digit digit digit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 VR0A1879 37 49 LCD Interface Each digit is made up of 16 segments A B C D and so on as shown by the following diagram D DP VR001879 Each segment can be set to ON or OFF depending on the state of its dedicated Segment and Common lines according to the boolean equation segment ON Seg line and Com line active Each DIGIT requires 4 SEG lines X 4 COM lines to be completely defined The following dia gram shows the graphic segments that are switched on according to each active COM
13. LCD control logic operates automatically and without interrupting the processor The LCD driver configuration is defined by the following ST6240 registers LMCR LCD Mode Control Register which defines the LCD backplanes duty cycle and the frame frequencies used by the LCD LCD RAM 24 bytes which sets each segment to ON or OFF by setting or resetting the corresponding bit According to the contents of the LCD RAM the drivers generate the segments and common signals which can directly drive an LCD panel Hardware configuration requirements are reduced to minimum The VLCD input pin must be fed with VLCD voltage independently of VMVDD according to your LCD panel specifications The VLCD1 3 VLCD2 3 pins are connected to intermediate VLCD voltages to enable external capacitive buffering or resistive shunting An internal resistor network is imple mented so that in most cases thus no additional components are necessary To interface with the LCD panel all you have to do is Determine the operating LMCR register value according to the LCD panel specifications Generate the correct VLCD voltage and if needed connect an external resistor network to the VLCD1 3 VLCD2 3 pins Determine the most suitable mapping between the LCD panel segments and the LCD RAM bits Once you ve completed the above steps controlling the LCD panel becomes as easy as mod ifying software bits 36 49 LCD Interface 9 2 STARTER
14. X output value 7 to digit 0 COM3 ED LSB inc X X set to fourth byte of CHAR A id F3 X output value 0 to digit 0 COM4 F3 LSB Four bytes are used to define a character with MSB and LSB equal to the 4 bit definition val ues In this way MSB and LSB are easily distinguished using the AND instruction for masking the non relevant nibble 9 5 3 Complete Message Display You can simplify the definition of complete messages using the AST6 ASCIZ directive This directive returns the ASCII code pattern of the characters indicated ended by NULL To ena ble you to use the ASCIZ directive the ST6240 character set is pre defined in the Data ROM so that it becomes simple to access a mapped character definition through the character s AS Cll code One Data ROM window contains 64 bytes As a character definition map requires 4 bytes 16 characters can be defined in a whole window This corresponds to a page of ASCII codes represented by the MSB of the ASCII code STA 45 49 LCD Interface For example characters A B through O whose ASCII codes are 40 41 42 through 4F Hex respectively represent the ASCII code page 4 and fill a Data ROM window as shown below ORG x00 beginning of a window 0 CHAR G8 byte 22 address 0 in the window byte AA byte BB byte 44 1 CHAR A byte 22 address 3 in the window byte EE byte 77 byte 00 through CHAR_O byte 22 address 3 the
15. eg Oxb0b ODE202 G amp S Jur Oxb0e ODE322 e Jd edh 0 11 ODE403 Jur amp e7h Oxb1l4 ODE 710 EG fdr amp s amp h Oxb1i ODES4E ldi ODD ldi QAM ldi QA ldi LEA 141 4 141 2 4 EB E1 80 02 22 03 10 4 Stepi 141 141 141 141 Pile ES ldi 1cd2 02 1283 22 1284 03 1287 10 leds 4E In the Disassembler window on Commands menu click Reset 6 Type init in the top right field next to the Page field and press the Enter key on your PC keyboard The program counter now jumps to the beginning of the program 7 the Commands menu click Continue This continues running the program until the breakpoint you placed on the line of m disp is reached Wait for program execution to stop 8 Click the Next button to execute the next line of the program and look at the LCD it dis plays one segment that has been turned on by the instruction 141 1 80 press ing the Next button to execute each instruction turn watching the effects each one has on the LCD You will notice that each time you press the Next button a few more segments are turned on until the word D1 SPLAY appears on the LCD Now that you are familiar with WGDB6 try stepping through the program yourself observing the effects each command has on the LCD and modifying data to see the effect it
16. run WGDB6 Simulator simulates the execution of your program letting you step through the code and see what happens as the program runs WGDB6 simulator includes Wave Form Editor which simulates the output of the pins on your target ST6 in relation to inputs that you define enabling you to see how its peripherals react to the inupts they receive With an ST6 hardware emulator Emulators are hardware systems that act as your target microcontroller at the same time capturing detailed information such as which areas of memory are accessed by the program and what happens when they are accessed In this case WGDB6 Emulator provides an interface between the emulator and your PC display ing data captured by the emulator and letting you implement the WGDB6 features in the emulator such as software or hardware breakpoints With the Starter Kit board as a hardware simulator This is a cross between the above two The WGDB6 software simulator simulates the execution of your program but each time the data space is accessed it accesses that of the ST6 that is plugged into your Starter Kit board Thus using the Starter Kit board with WGDB6 you can view how the real micro controller peripherals behave when your program is executed This section describes the third option how to use the Starter Kit board as a hardware simu lator You can use the Starter Kit board to emulate any ST624x microcontroller When simulating programs designed for oth
17. will lead you through the debugging process using WGDB6 When your program is ready Epromer provides you with an easy to use Windows interface which lets you prepare executable code then write it to the ST62E46B microcontroller that can be plugged into the SDIP56 ZIF socket on the Starter Kit board or your own in circuit ap plication board that is connected to the Starter Kit board The ST62T40B can t be erased or programmed it is already programmed and contains the demonstrations program To observe and evaluate the consequences of your program on the resources it controls you can run it on the ST62T40B microcontroller that is soldered on the Starter Kit board in Hard ware Simulation mode If it controls a resource that is not included on the Starter Kit board you can connect your own resource to the board Instructions for use Warning This product conforms with the 89 336 EEC directive it also complies with the EN55022 emis sions standard for ITE as well as with generic 50082 1 immunity standards The product is a Class A apparatus In a residential environment this device may cause ra dioelectrical disturbances which may require that the user adopt appropriate precautions The product is not contained in an outer casing and cannot therefore be immune against elec trostatic discharge ESD it should therefore only be handled at static safe work stations 577 5 49 Introduction The following diagram summarises the
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20. Ky ST624x KIT STARTER KIT FOR ST624x MCU FAMILY HARDWARE FEATURES SOFTWARE FEATURES m Immediate evaluation of 576240 with m Software simulator including LCD display and demonstration examples read write Program debugging within the user s real Assembler linker debugger application environment EPROM OTP programming utilities w On board programming of ST62E46 and Application examples ST62T46 m In circuit programming of ST62E4x and ST62T4x devices on the user s application board Nosnou sss 5 ST62 FAMILY STARTER FOR ST624x N 7 NEN February 1998 1 49 Table of Contents 571624 eyed ty sw eee Vs es 1 4 1 1 Where to go from here 7 2 THE STARTER KIT 8 2 1 The ST6 Microcontroller 2 nni e peverreer 8 2 2 ihe Stater Kit Board succeed th Gade Pele eas d 8 2 3 8 MHz 32 KHz Oscillators 2 12 2 4 8 alphanumeric Digit LCD 12 2 5 sous Medina Gwe sa me qucd Me ae aces Ra eds 12 2 6 LED
21. ST624x Starter Kit Board 2 555 550 SR 624X 4 Starter Kit Hardware The following diagram shows the layout of the Starter Kit board eee 5 62 40 I I I LI Ic In circuit programming connector P1 Remote resource interface J1 2 Programming or User operating mode 16 Remote LCD interface connector J2 selection jumper JP1 8 Mhz oscillator ST62T40B MCU 3 LCD protection with jumper JP2 if the combi port PCO 7 is used Kbod Powersupply JACK connector Js 10 RESET outon Powersupply LEDindcatorub2 11 49 Starter Kit Hardware 2 3 8 MHz and 32 KHz Oscillators An oscillator feeds the ST62T40B OSCIN input with an 8 MHz clock signal A 32 KHz oscillator is delivered with the board The required components crystal XT1 and ca pacitors C5 C6 are connected to the ST62T40B as described in the ST6240 Data Book 2 4 8 alphanumeric Digit LCD An 8 alphanumeric digit LCD is connected to the ST62T40B LCD driver outputs It has 32 seg ments that are driven by 4 COM outputs You can disconnect a part of the LCD by removing jumper JP2 if you want to use the combi port PCO 7 on the connector interface J2 For full de tails about the LCD see LCD Interface on page 36 2 5 Reset Button This activates the ST62T40B RESET input when pressed A
22. Starter Kit Board for In Circuit Programming 1 Power down the Starter Kit board 2 Select the PROG mode using the jumpers JP1 marked 2 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 as shown in the diagram below PROG WY 3 Connect the Parallel port P2 on the Starter Kit board to a spare parallel port on your PC us ing the cable provided with the starter kit 4 Connect your application board to the connector P1 marked 1 on the Starter Kit board di agram on page 11 on the Starter Kit board 5 Power up your Starter Kit board You can now use Epromer to program the microcontroller that is on your own board NOTE Epromer does not work under Windows NT To run Epromer from Windows 3 x double click the Epromer icon in the ST6 Tools group To run Epromer from Windows 95 click Start Programs ST6 Tools then Epromer For instructions on how to operate Epromer click Help in the Epromer main window If your application board is not powered by the Starter Kit you must connect it to a 5V DC pow er supply before you start programming 35 49 LCD Interface 9 LCD INTERFACE 9 1 ST6240 LCD DRIVER OVERVIEW This is a quick summary of the features of the ST6240 LCD driver Refer to the ST6240 data book for more detailed information The ST6240 LCD driver comprises LCD control logic a programmable prescaler a 24 byte wide dedicated LCD RAM 45 segments and 4 common outputs This drives up to 180 LCD segments The
23. T40B microcontroller are used for communi cations with the host PC and are thus not available for simulation 23 49 Using The Starter Kit Board as Hardware Simulator To use the Starter Kit board as a hardware simulator 1 Power down the Starter Kit board 2 Make sure that the ST62E46BF1 is not plugged into the SDIP56 MCU socket 3 Select the USER mode using the jumper JP1 marked 2 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 as shown in the diagram below PROG USER 4 Connect the Parallel port P2 on the Starter Kit board to a spare parallel port on your PC us ing the cable provided with the Starter Kit 5 Power up the Starter Kit board To run WGDB6 f you are using Windows 95 click the Start button point to Programs then ST6 Tools then click WGDB6 Simulator f you are using Windows 3 x double click the appropriate WGDB6 Simulator icon in the ST6 Tools program group Refer to WGDB6 User Guide in the ST6 Family Software Development Tools AST6 LST6 WGDBe User Manual for full instructions on how to use WGDB6 24 49 Using Starter Kit Board as a Hardware Simulator 6 3 Error Messages The following table lists the error messages you may encounter when using WGDB6 with the Starter Kit board Error message Description Error 116 Port A protected when using board This means that WGDB6 tried to access the PORT A registers These are used for communications with t
24. an LCD hexadecimal keyboard a resistance trimmer and an 8 MHz and a 32 KHz os cillator Using the ST6 assembler and linker AST6 LST6 you can assemble and link ST6 pro grams The ST6 Family Software development tools AST6 LST6 WGDBe User Manual will guide you through the steps of developing assembling and linking programs for the ST6 The Starter Kit software includes a set of example programs of typical ST6 applications These are installed in the directory C st6tools sk624Xi1 examples For a fast track solution for developing bug free programs for the ST6 without the hassle of writing assembler code try out the ST6 Realizer program Once you have developed your ST6 program you can use the Windows based ST6 program debugger WGDB6 SIMULATOR together with the Starter Kit board as a low cost but pow erful debugging tool WGDB6 includes an ST6 simulator that simulates the execution of your program and uses the ST6 that is plugged into the Starter Kit board to emulate all transac tions that are performed with the data space Thus using the Starter Kit board with WGDB6 you can view how the microcontroller peripherals behave when your program is executed WGDB6 includes powerful debugging features such as source level debugging instruction and conditional memory access breakpoints and selective trace recording The ST6 Family 409 r Introduction Software development tools AST6 LST6 WGDB6 User Manual and online help
25. board as an analog input 2 Polls the A D converter to detect whether a key is pressed 3 When a key is pressed it shifts the contents of the LCD one place to the left and displays the value of the pressed key on the right side of the LCD To stop the demonstration press the Reset button To quit the demonstration routine and by pass the presentation message press and release the Reset button while pressing any key on the Starter Kit keyboard 4 1 2 Demo 2 Voltmeter 1 Initialises the pins as follows Is initialised as 4 Analog input Connected to the trimmer RV1 PB4 20 mA direct LED drive output 2 Reads digital value of the voltage present on PA4 from the A D converter data register 3 Displays the read voltage value on the LCD panel When the read value reaches 4 volts the LD1 LED is switched on indicating that the voltage value is reaching its upper limit You can adjust the voltage value using the voltage trimmer marked 11 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 To stop the demonstration press the Reset button To quit the demonstration routine and by pass the presentation message press and release the Reset button while pressing any key on the Starter Kit keyboard The LED flickers when around 4 volts is reached This is because of the power supply voltage noise gt 20 mV or instability of the resistor trimmer 17 49 Running the Demos 4 2 Running the Demonstration Programs The ST62T40B m
26. e Starter Kit board as a simulator see Using The Starter Kit Board as a Hardware Simulator on page 22 2 2 The Starter Kit Board The Starter Kit board includes the following resources A Reset button 8 alphanumeric digit LCD A hexadecimal keyboard ALED indicator Aresistance trimmer One 8 MHz and one 32 KHz oscillator A SDIP56 socket to program the ST62E46B or ST62T46B It comes with its own power supply unit that can be plugged into an AC mains source or a DC source with the following characteristics Voltage 16V min 20V max Current 100 mA min 8 49 7974 The Starter Kit Hardware It includes the following connectors A parallel port connector P2 for connection to the host PC when it is used as a hardware simulator or for programming Aremote resource interface J1 Anin circuit ST6 programming board connector P1 Aremote LCD connector J2 to which you can connect your own LCD Below is a block diagram of the Starter Kit board LCD NINE WIM 32 4 STG246B IN CIRCUIT ST62T40B 2 EPROM PARALLEL PROGRAMMER PROGRAMMING CONNECTION TO PC AND SOFTWARE SIMULATOR 516240 1 0 CONNECTION USER APPLICATION VROOIa65 9 49 The Starter Kit Hardware 10 49 SES 1 4 EU Oa 2 2 2 KEYBOARD
27. e assigned to the 16 bits defined above as shown in the following table Table 6 LCD RAM Bits Mapping Bit 7 3 Bit 6 2 Bit 5 1 Bit 4 0 com x A G F B J t E j k M D DP N 41 49 LCD Interface 9 4 Character Definition Examples The following examples show the definition of characters using the previously described meth od 9 4 1 Character A Definition The following diagram represents the A character to be displayed on the LCD panel DP VR0C1879 The following table gives the corresponding bit pattern to be set in the LCD RAM to display the character A on the LCD panel The bits set to 0 are left blank and the bits set to 1 are shaded The right column provides the corresponding hexadecimal value This description is valid for all characters The position of the displayed character depends only on the addresses and the position LS MS nibble 42 49 LCD Interface 9 4 2 Character 3 Definition The following diagram shows the character 3 to be displayed on the LCD VR0D1879 The following table gives the corresponding bit pattern to be set in the LCD RAM to display the character 3 on the LCD panel The set of 4 x 4 bits representing the character set can be stored in the ST624x DATA ROM and easily used by display software through indexed access
28. er microcontrollers make sure that you do not use resources that are not available on the microcontroller your application is designed for 22 49 Using The Starter Kit Board as a Hardware Simulator 6 1 The Data Transmission Driver Data is transferred between the simulated peripheral registers and the ST62T40B registers via the host PC s parallel port The DEMOKIT2 HEX program which is in the ST62T40B mi crocontroller that is soldered on the Starter Kit board includes the transmission driver The data transfer driver uses the following pins ST62T40B SIMULATOR USAGE parallel port PA2 PAO Write data to MCU RESET Hardware reset of peripherals NM Initiates data transfer ___ SDOP PA1 Read data from MCU Note Do not connect any external resources to the corresponding J1 connector pins when us ing the Starter Kit board as a peripheral emulator 6 2 Technical Limitations The Starter Kit board has the following limitations when used with WGDB6 as a hardware sim ulator Real time program execution is not supported The program execution speed depends on your PC Resetting the 5 62 40 by power up pressing the Reset button or external reset does not reset the simulated ST6 core To perform a complete simulated reset use the WGDB6 reset command instead Interrupts sent by the ST62T40B microcontroller are not supported by the WGDB6 simula tor The pins NMI PAO PA1 and PA2 on the STe2
29. es STA 43 49 LCD Interface 9 5 Starter Kit LCD Panel Character Set Software Model As described in the previous paragraphs LCD connection and character mapping drive a soft ware model of the LCD displayable objects These objects are available for DISPLAY routines to drive LCD panel display during program execution The following paragraphs describe three methods of displaying characters on the LCD 9 5 1 Direct Code LCD RAM Patching This is the most simple way to display digits on an LCD The mapped character values are di rectly patched into the corresponding LCD RAM locations The bit map values are contained in the immediate values of write instructions This method should only be used for very simple applications few characters displayed few times or for rapid evaluation The following block of code shows how to use direct code LCD RAM patching to display the character A at digit 0 where x is the value of the MSB digit 1 disp 0 141 El x2 value 2 to digit 0 COMI addr El LSB ldi E7 xE value E to digit 0 COM2 addr E7 LSB ldi ED x7 value 7 to digit 0 COM3 addr ED LSB ldi x0 value 0 to digit 0 4 addr LSB 9 5 2 Indexed Data ROM The mapped values of character sets are defined into ST6240 Data ROM area refer to ST6240 databook The AST6 LST6 byte directive and w and d labels define and access the Data ROM area A gene
30. has on the LCD 31 49 Programming ST6 Microcontrollers 8 PROGRAMMING ST6 MICROCONTROLLERS You can use the Starter Kit board in conjunction with the program Epromer to program ST62E46B or ST62T46B microcontrollers You can also perform in circuit programming of ST62E4X or ST62T4X OTP EPROM microcontrollers using your own board connected to the Starter Kit board via the connector P1 marked 1 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 NOTE The PA5 PA6 PA7 and RESET pins are used to perform programming operations If these pins are connected to an external resource via J1 you must either disconnect them see Con necting External Resources to the Starter Kit Board on page 19 or set them to high imped ance state during programming operations This section describes how to set up the Starter Kit board for programming microcontrollers and lists the connection requirements for in circuit application boards 8 1 Setting Up the Starter Kit Board 1 Power down the Starter Kit board 2 Plug the ST62E46B T46B microcontroller you want to program into the MCU socket on the Starter Kit board 3 Select the PROG mode using the jumper JP1 marked 2 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 as shown in the diagram below PROG Tr USER 32 49 p Programming ST6 Microcontrollers 4 Connect the Parallel port P2 on the Starter Kit board to a spare parallel port on your PC us ing the cable provided with the starter kit
31. he board Error 117 Communication error with ST624x This means that a problem occurred during board communications between the host PC and the board Perform the checks listed below 6 4 Troubleshooting If there is a communication problem between WGDB6 and the Starter kit board the title WGDB6 Simulator appears the WGDBS6 title bar In this case you shoud check the follow ing That the Starter Kit board is correctly powered up That the parallel port cable is correctly connected That the device jumper JP1 is in the USER position That no ST62E46B is plugged into the Starter Kit board ky 25 49 Exercises 7 EXERCISES This section describes two exercises in which you use your ST6 Starter Kit board as a hard ware simulator with WGDB6 In the first excercise you re going to learn how to use WGDB6 to reset the LCD on your Starter Kit board then display the letter A on it In the second excercise you re going to use WGDB6 to step through the instructions that display messages on the keyboard 7 1 Exercise 1 1 Connect your Starter Kit board as a Hardware Simulator following the instructions given in Using The Starter Kit Board as a Hardware Simulator on page 22 Press the Reset button on the Starter Kit Run WGDB6 Simulator If you are using Windows 95 click the Start button point to Programs then ST6 Tools then click WGDB6 Simulator If you are using Windows 3 x double click the appropr
32. heeded Hew Oe eda ee ea 25 6 4 Troubleshooting uk a cd US Ede pie 25 T EXERCISES 2225 Lene ux ue ee ee eee Ree a E 26 A EErEE T 2 Heed aide Ha alee Ge net PP CD Kaen ce Ane 26 Te Exercise 2 epe ioe sce noe io Ze a taret e eed e ee ead et a 30 8 PROGRAMMING ST6 MICROCONTROLLERS 32 8 1 Setting Up the Starter Kit Board 32 8 2 In Circuit Programming 2 33 8 2 1 Application Board Connections 33 8 3 Setting Up the Starter Kit Board for In Circuit Programming 35 2149 r Table of Contents 9 ECD INTEREACE 36 9 1 ST6240 LCD DRIVER OVERVIEW 36 9 2 STARTER KIT LCD PANEL INTERFACE 37 9 3 Interfacing The LCD Panel with the ST6240 LCD Driver 40 9 4 Character Definition 42 9 4 1 Character A Definition 42 9 4 2 Character 3 Definition 43 9 5 Starter Kit LCD Panel Character Set Software
33. her of these connectors you must disconnect the resources that are al ready connected to the ST62T40B to avoid external resource Starter Kit board resource con flicts The following tables list the Starter Kit board resources and the corresponding J1 and J2 con nections and indicates the jumper that disconnects each resource Table 1 J1 User s I O Interface Connector 5V supply 1 OSC32out 2 4 NOTE 1 The 5V supply is available up to 200mA max current 2 32KHz oscillator is mounted on PCB at XT1 C5 and C6 locations 7577 19 49 Connecting External Resources to the Starter Kit Board 3 PBO is connected to Analog Keyboard Array output It can be disconnected by removing jumper JP4 4 PB1 may be connected to Analog Keyboard reference voltage input for interrupt mode It be disconnected by removing jumper 5 5 PB4 is connected to LED LD1 It can be disconnected by removing jumper JP3 6 PA4 is connected to the trimmer RV1 It can be disconnected by removing jumper JP6 7 PA5 PA6 7 are used to perform data transfer in programming mode PROG configu ration In case these signals are connected to external user s sources those sources must be disconnected or set to High Z state during programming operations PAO PA1 PA2 are used to perform data transfer with PC simulator software They are not available for external usage in this operating mode Thus they are not present on J1
34. iate WGDB6 Simulator icon in the ST6 Tools program group The message REMOTE is displayed on the LCD of the Starter Kit board The WGDB6 main window opens 1 576240 Starter Kit File Windows Commands Load the file Stktrain hex i In WGDB6 on the File menu click Open ii Browse to the directory c st6tools sk624xXi1 iii Select the file stktrain hex then click OK 4 The Disassembler window now opens displaying the source code of stktrain hex 26 49 p Exercises 5 Reset the simulated program on the Commands menu click Reset The disassembler window opens displaying the line Oxffe which is set by the reset vector T Disassembler mel XI Misc Commands Help Break GoTo Inspect Nexti Stepi 0 0 Oxffe 0980 j 0 00 ice a The LCD panel on the Starter Kit board is now clear indicating that the WGDB6 simulator performed a physical reset of the ST62T40B plugged into the starter kit board When the reset was performed all segment outputs were set to OFF by setting the HFE bits 2 1 and 0 of the LMCR register to 0 The LMCR register sets the LCD control mode For full details about the LMCR see the ST6240 Data Book ky 27 49 Exercises You are now going to locate the register LMCR and change its value 1 Inthe WGDB6 main window on the Windows menu click Browser The Browser dialog box opens E Browser Symbol Selection Type data Module
35. icrocontroller labelled DEMOKIT2 is programmed with the demonstration software To run the demonstrations 1 2 3 Power down the Starter Kit board Make sure that the ST62E46B is not plugged into the SDIP56 ZIF MCU socket Select the USER mode using the jumpers marked JP1 marked 2 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 as shown in the diagram below PROG fm USER Disconnect the cable from the parallel port P2 connection if it is connected 5 Power up the Starter Kit board Press and release the Reset button on the Starter Kit board When the message Press key 1 2 is displayed on the LCD press either 1 to run the Keyboard demonstration or 2 to run the Voltmeter demo To stop the current demonstration and view the other demonstration repeat step 6 above Or to avoid the display of the presentation message press any key on the Starter Kit keyboard then while keeping the key pressed press and release the Reset button 18 49 Connecting External Resources to the Starter Kit Board 5 CONNECTING EXTERNAL RESOURCES TO THE STARTER KIT BOARD You can connect your own external resources to the pre programmed ST62T40B to debug or evaluate your programs using the connector J1 marked 17 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 You can also connect your own LCD to the ST62T40B LCD driver using the connector J2 marked 16 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 To be able to use eit
36. ies of the ST6240 Segments S9 to S39 and outputs COM1 2 3 4 of ST6240 LCD driver are connected to the LCD panel inputs as described in the following diagram 539 537 535 533 531 529 527 525 576240 523 OUTPUTS 521 519 S17 S15 S13 511 59 COM4 LCD PANEL e ED 2 digit 7 35 3 34 4 digit 6 33 5 32 6 digit 5 31 7 30 8 digit 4 29 9 28 10 digit 3 27 11 26 12 digit 2 25 13 24 14 digit 1 23 15 22 16 digit 0 21 17 COM4 COM1 20 18 COM3 COM2 19 540 538 536 534 532 530 528 526 524 522 520 518 516 514 512 510 COMI COM ST6240 OUTPUTS VR001880 40 49 r LCD Interface The following table lists the location of each digit definition in the ST6 RAM Note that the memory is not entirely used Table 5 Digit Locations in LCD RAM cDRAMAddress 57060504 03020100 Em Ei Dots Em Dei EN biz beri Peto tm bus tm bgiz Fh Dgtz Die Each digit is represented by 4 bits MSB for odd digits LSB for even digits in each COM memory area Each set of 4 bits x 4 COMs ar
37. is optional depending whether the application board supply can or cannot be disconnected If the application board supply is disconnected you can supply it through pins 14 and 16 of the connector as long as the total load current does not exceed 100 mA and the capacitive load is less than 50 pF If the application board has its own power supply its voltage must be set to 5 so that logic levels are compatible with those of the Starter Kit board OSCin Synchronises the programming operations using a clock generated by the programming tool OSCin is located on the application board and must be directly connected to Pin 5 on the 16 way connector No isolation is needed as long as a quartz crystal or ceramic resonator is used in the application If an external clock generator is used in the application it must be discon nected during in circuit programming RESET Controls the programming mode entry To prevent signal level contention RESET must be di rectly connected to Pin 9 on the 16 way connector and must be isolated from other nodes on the application board Any direct connection to Vss or an output must be avoided This pin can be connected to a CMOS input a 2 KQ pull up a 10 KOhm pull down or left open In ternal pull up The capacitive load of the RESET pin should not exceed 1 UF Pins 1 and 7 on the 16 way connector are used to establish communications between the programming tool and the microcontroller
38. o 5V DC It is used for A D conversion demonstra tion evaluation The trimmer be disconnected from the PA4 I O pin by removing the JP6 jumper ST62T40B 4 TRIMMER _ 4 RV1 JUMPER GND 2 9 Combi ports 0 7 The port of the ST6240B is used for the LCD segments It can be used as a normal port hardware simulation mode The port PCO 7 can be accessed on J2 prior to use it remove the 8 jumpers on JP2 marked 14 on the Starter Kit board diagram on page 11 Thus the LCD won t be affected by the in puts on the port PCO 7 and won t be damaged 14 49 Installing the Starter Kit 3 INSTALLING THE STARTER KIT 3 1 Hardware and Software Requirements To be able to install and run the ST6 Starter Kit you need a PC with 1 2 Floppy Disk Drive A free Centronics compatible parallel port connector MS Windows 3 11 NT or 95 A CD ROM Disk Drive 3 2 Installing the Software If diskettes are provided you must install the software with them in order to have the latest re lease 1 Place the 5 624 11 diskette into your floppy disk drive 2 Windows Explorer or File Manager view the contents of the diskette then double click the Setup file or icon 3 Follow the instructions as they appear on screen If only the ST62 CDROM is provided then 1 Place the ST62 CDROM provided into your CDROM disk drive 2 In Windows Explorer or File Manager view the content
39. possible uses of the Starter Kit board and the hard ware setup required for each one To program ST6s on your own in circuit programming board Starter Kit In circuit board programming board PC running Epromer P1 connector SY Parallel port X connected to P2 To program ST6s using the Starter Kit board PC running Epromer ST6 to be programmed Starter Kit board Parallel port connected to P2 To run the demonstrations ST62T40B Programmed with DEMOKIT2 HEX Starter Kit board To use the Starter Kit board as a hardware simulator PC running igi Simulator ST62T40B Programmed with DEMOKIT2 HEX QI Parallel port connected to P2 6 49 Introduction 1 1 Where to go from here The following table directs you to where you should look for further information about using the ST6 Starter Kit Find out about the Starter Kit board and ST6 The Starter Kit Hardware on page 8 of this book microcontrollers provided with the kit Install the Starter Kit software and connect the Installing the Starter Kit on page 15 of this book power supply to the board Find out what the demonstration applications do Running the Demos on page 17 of this book and run them Learn how to develop source code for AST6 and ST6 Family Software development tools AST6 LST6 LST6 WGDB6 User Manual Prepare the Starter Kit board for use as an ST6 Using The Starter Kit Board a
40. power on reset circuit is also pro vided 2 6 LED Indicator A LED is connected to the ST62T40B PB4 I O pin which is defined as output to demonstrate the ST6 LED driving capacity It can be disconnected from 4 by removing the jumper JP3 PB4 3900 JP3 LED VROO1875 2 7 Hexadecimal Keyboard hexadecimal keyboard is connected to the ST62T40B PBO I O pin defined as A D Convert er input via an analog interface resistor array The voltage value on the A D converter input is equal to 5V 16 x the key number thus giving an image of the pressed key 12 49 The Starter Kit Hardware The following table lists the Resistor array values and their corresponding voltage key values KF 4 687V Jumper JP5 sets the keyboard operation mode polling or IRQ according to the following dia gram JP5 JP5 This position This position selects polling selects IRQ Jumper JP4 disconnects the keyboard output from PBO when it is removed enabling you to connect your own external source to PBO via the J1 connector For an example of the analog keyboard application refer to the SGS Thomson application note AN431 Using ST6 Analog Inputs for Multiple Key decoding 13 49 Starter Kit Hardware Analog Keyboard diagram R14 2 8 Resistance trimmer A 10 KQ resistance trimmer feeds the ST62T40B PAA I O pin when programmed as A D Converter input with a variable voltage 0 t
41. ric display call subroutine accesses the character definition map through the parameter passed by the calling program The disp 0 subroutine see below displays a character at digit O and clears digit 1 MSB of the same LCD RAM locations An efficient generic display subroutine should manage the digit number as input parameter and perform the read modify write only on the concerned nibble in the LCD RAM byte MSB or LSB This is done by the display subroutine delivered with the ST6240 Starter Kit library please read the README file provided in the SK6240LIB directory A character is defined by 4 x 4 bit words 16 bits To optimize the character set size in Data ROM it is useful to compact these 16 bits into 2 bytes however this method increases the dis play routine complexity 44 49 ky LCD Interface For the ST6240 Starter Kit demo routines the character set is defined as follows for example character A CHAR_A byte 22 byte byte 77 byte 00 The character is displayed using the following routine disp A 0 ldi RWSR CHAR A w set Data ROM Window register ldi X CHAR A d X set to point to CHAR A call disp O0 subroutine that displays digit 0 disp 0 ld El X output value 2 to digit 0 COMI LSB inc X X set to second byte of CHAR A ld E7 X output value E to digit 0 2 E7 LSB inc X X set to third byte of CHAR A ED
42. s a Hardware hardware simulator with WGDB6 Simulator on page 22 of this book Learn how to use WGDB6 for debugging your ST6 Family Software development tools AST6 programs LST6 WGDB6 User Manual Prepare the Starter Kit board for programming Programming ST6 Microcontrollers on page 32 of ST6 microcontrollers using Epromer this book Prepare the Starter Kit board for connecting your In Circuit Programming on page 33 of this book own in circuit programming board Learn how to use Eprommer for programming The Epromer online help ST6 microcontrollers Connect your own hardware resource or LCD to Connecting External Resources to the Starter Kit the Starter Kit board Board on page 19 of this book Perform some introductory excercises using Exercises on page 26 WGDB6e Learn how the LCD interface works LCD Interface on page 36 r 71 49 Starter Kit Hardware 2 THE STARTER KIT HARDWARE This section describes the ST6 microcontrollers and the Starter Kit board that come with the ST6 Starter Kit A full schematic of the Starter Kit board is provided in Hardware Information on page 47 2 1 The ST6 Microcontroller The Starter Kit includes two ST62E46BF1 microcontrollers The ST62T40B microcontroller is pre loaded with the code DEMOKIT2 HEX which includes the demonstration programs see Running the Demos on page 17 as well as the commu nications protocol program that enables you to use th
43. s of the CDROM browse to st62oncd ftools sk624Xi1 and double click the Setup file or icon 3 Follow the instructions as they appear on screen 3 3 Connecting the Power Supply If you have AC mains supply connect the Jack plug on the power supply cable provided to the J3 input socket then connect the mains plug to a mains source If you have DC mains supply connect the male plug on the power supply cable provided to the J3 input socket then connect the mains plug to a mains source with the following characteris tics Voltage 16V min 20V max Current 100 mA min To avoid a short circuit always connect the power input cable to the starter kit board before connecting it to a mains power supply 15 49 Installing the Starter Kit If you use your own 3 5 mm power supply plug its polarity must be as follows E 16 49 Running the Demos 4 RUNNING THE DEMOS This section describes the demonstration programs that are provided with the Starter Kit and explains how to run them 4 1 What the Demos Do The following paragraphs describe the demos that come pre loaded with the ST6 Starter Kit demos See Running the Demonstration Programs on page 18 below for details on how to select and run a demo The source files of these demos are provided with the Starter Kit software in the file C st6tools sk624Xi1 sk624Xli DEMOKIT2 ASM 4 1 1 Demo 1 Key Display 1 Initialises the pin PBO which is connected to the key
44. window byte 66 byte 66 44 last address in the window For example the ASCII code of character A is 41 hex 4 specifies the Data ROM window number 1 indexes the number of the character in the Data ROM window The available LCD character set that is delivered with the ST6240 Starter Kit library is defined using this method This allows the asci dis subroutine to display a character defined by its ASCII code and Mdis mes subroutine to display a complete message built using the ASCIZ AST6 directive on the LCD panel Refer to the files SK6240LI INI and SK6240LI ASM in the SK624XLI directory for a description of these subroutines 46 49 ky Hardware Information 10 HARDWARE INFORMATION 10 1 Part List Pam J oe 2 5 6 2 X Z 8 2V Zener diode R19 2 7KQ P2 J2 JP1 to JP6 J4 2nd power supply conn 10 2 Starter Kit Board Schematic 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10K resistor trimmer R14 4 5 2 4 6 1 47 49 Hardware Information
45. y the contents of the data space starting at the address 040 dump Display Help Hot Refresh C Program Data 0 00 Address 080 0 00 7 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 24 00 00 00 Iy b x 00 02 00 80 02 00 00 00 00 10 4 00 00 00 00 80 Tau res Of0 45 00 00 00 00 00 14 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00 02 ES 2 e 100 memory at this address 110 No memory at this address 120 No memory at this address 130 memory at this address 140 memory at this address 150 No memory at this address 160 No memory at this address 2 Inthe Address field in the Dump window type the address 0 amp 0 then press the Enter key on your keyboard This moves the cursor to the beginning of the LCD RAM area Observe the values from 0 0 to 0F7 these correspond to the letters REMOTE that are displayed on the LCD Overtype all these values with the value 00 by repeatedly pressing the 0 key on your keyboard you will note that all LCD panel segments are turned off 29 49 Exercises 3 To build the letter A in the Dump window overtype the values 00 with the following values At this address Which corresponds to this Type this value value conn con ed ted ots Look at the LCD the character A is now displayed at digit 0 Now try writing some of your own characters using the information provided in LCD Interface
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