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ENGIN-X User Manual

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1. Figure 12 Metris Scan screen showing graphical manipulation icons and Filtermeshrandom option 8 2 8 Shutting down the CMM Move the CMM arm to the right upwards and outwards to ensure successful homing next time it is turned on Before removing the laser head make sure you turn the laser off by clicking the I lo button in the Camera Preview window Remove the head using the T bar key Close Metris Scan Shut down the computer Turn the CMM power off by twisting the red power switch anti clockwise Turn off the air compressor by pressing the red emergency stop button 45 8 3 Further information This chapter has highlighted only the basics of the use of the CMM Additional topics which you may like to learn about include filtering and meshing point clouds and combining point clouds from scans of the same object in different orientations These topics are well described in the Metris Scan manual which is kept in the filing cabinet in the ENGIN X cabin in the CMM Metris file You may also wish to use touch probes to gain coordinate information about holes and bores etc If so ask one of the Instrument Scientists 46 9 Data analysis using EX SBA 9 1 Introduction to EX SBA EX SBA the ENGIN X Script Based Analysis software is a system to explore and analyse the neutron diffraction spectra measured at ENGIN X EX SBA is a powerful system to manipulate plot and analyse diffraction data from polycrystal
2. ssssesssesesssesseseseeeseseeseets 27 6 3 2 Remote control using the VI cccccccececscececeeececececscecsceesceesceeseeeecs 27 6 4 Remote Control using Open Genie COMMANAS cc cceeeesseescccceeeeseessceceeseeees 28 oN yor en 20g des ieee ois ee EEEE 28 ae chem tow tte eet tee a 30 locates deceedec ete E 30 ec cia ata econo alton EA NNE A E EEE 30 se cod See E E E cae 31 Se ci tate aaa es a 31 e a E 32 E E AAA E S ter eee 33 E A E eae 33 e ct ticesee 33 TA ne ar a oe ee TTT NTT RTT Oem 34 e a cise obdneciee dee emens teeta 35 4 1 Starting and stopping the Stress Rig ee Doti lope Deene sg aaah pas ld dana toca tba aiandi 36 Dee ees E E ate encase 36 PEER erry ere eer rere er nmr earner te 37 SE ANE PEE E 38 E fe deter toa a Acta eee et anes 38 Ge reece tac eee 38 Bs a oe Ocak ee E EE EE 39 8 2 2 Homing the CMMhiw ccc ccccsscccccsscccccesssccscesescsecssceesessssessceseeeueaenenss 39 TAE E T 39 E ee eestor 40 8 2 5 Calibrating the laser beadle i lie sesvadedessanedee 41 T EE E A SE 42 82 7 Usma youi POM Coud eeri iseenese Seeka 44 PAE EA TET EE E ee 45 O E E E eee te as 46 E E E EE 47 E E cece eee 47 AE E E A ie enre erat 47 AEAEE A E EEE EE 48 ET E ET E E 48 ENE E A E E E E N 49 DO Analyzing a sinele TUN s erirsiino secsddenSdevcede tunieecedasddceenesgoguebavecs A aae 53 VTE A 53 E EE E 55 E re E E E EEA 56 E EEE E EA 57 O 7 1 Sirain scan sinele peak tng ercsi aienos
3. convert strain to a string variable mytitle myrun stress sts_str strain stn_str concatenating strings to make a new string variable change title mytitle update the title Note the use of the as_string command for converting a real variable to a string variable so that it can form part of the title The 2f qualifier specifies the format in this case the stress and strain variables are rounded to 2 significant figures after the decimal point Loops Loops are one of the primary tools for writing succinct scripts The relevant Open GENIE keywords are LOOP FROM TO and ENDLOOP For example the script below performs an 11 step x scan from an x motor position of 5mm to 5mm i e in steps of 1mm LOCAL i xcen xrange nsteps xstep xpos mytitle xcen 0 centre position xrange 10 scan range nsteps 11 number of steps xstep xrange nsteps 1 step size LOOP i FROM 1 TO nsteps start the loop xpos xcen xrange 2 xstep i 1 define the new position motor x xpos start the motor waitfor seconds 10 give the motor some time to move 21 BEGIN waitfor seconds 11 change title xscan x as_string yloc waitfor uamps 20 END ENDLOOP Conditional loops Infinite loops can also be set up by not using a counting variable A conditional statement can be used to exit the loop using the EXITIF command For example the following script which is appropriate for a stress rig experiment inc
4. warranty This is free software and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions type licence for details Ke KKK gt gt rfocus 23131 2 ET d enginx focus ENG23131_2 his is of type G3 intermediate meting block 1 from file d enginx focus ENG23131_2 his s in file d enginx focus ENG23131_2 his sane K range now 6899 36292845747 to 41206 6657362958 40 Neutron counts us 20 TUM anes s 2x10 2 5x 10 3x10 Time of Flight s For Help press F1 i Bstart FO OL BW BW C Denn wENGIN E TetPad S MUSICM M2 Fist K inbox Mi EN Open 6 E PGOLEDr k SRE 1634 49 Figure 14 Displaying a spectrum using EX SBA For instance rfocus 23131 2 will focus the data recorded by bank number 2 South during the run number 23131 and will display the spectrum on the screen together with some information from the run in this case a ferritic steel specimen with a cold expanded hole in it see Figure 14 You can assign a name to this spectrum if you would like to see it later on or if you want to perform some algebraic operation on it You do that by typing my_spectrum rfocus run bank e g my_spectrum rfocus 23131 1 You can display the spectrum at any time by typing display my_spectrum or d my_spectrum You can set the X limits of the graph Figure 15 by typing d my_spectrum xmin xmax For instance d
5. 44 9 45 0008 mm 45 0 NIANIE Instron Status Ready i System OK il Setpoints Position 311 5800 _ T Step time 6 Load 310 0 Strain Go to Setpoint i i ci Logging amp Reading Logging O Reading Interval Geconds 2 00 Number of points to average 315 Data Logging Interval seconds 460 00 z Graph Tools Position a ETTR Load 16 01 11 16 02 30 16 03 20 16 04 10 16 05 00 16 05 50 16 06 40 16 07 30 16 08 20 16 09 10 16 10 00 16 11 11 Timebase hhimm ss 40 00 Stran Enter Stress Rig Command Special Commands Reply From Stress Rig _ Enter Zebadee Lommana Message Heceived trom LAMAL Heply Sent to LAMAL Lommand Lache imeout LAMAL senal Fort No Figure 7 The Stress Rig VI 7 4 1 Starting and stopping the Stress Rig VI You should stop and re start the Stress Rig VI every time you replace your sample Otherwise the correct cross sectional area for the new sample will not be read and the stresses which are logged will be incorrectly scaled To stop the VI click near to a scale until the mouse pointer becomes a small hand w Then press Ctrl full stop To re start the VI press the play button gt This will bring up the Strain vs Load screen which plots strain versus stress during the test Click on the Stress Rig tab to bring up the view of the Stress Rig VI once more 35 7 4 2 Data logging The values o
6. Pause Run Resume Run Abort Run To read amp modify DAE parameters press w OK STOP Send Command Figure 3 DAE VI After beginning in one of these ways the display at the top of the dashboard should read ENGINX IS RUNNING This indicates that the data acquisition electronics are counting the number of neutrons arriving at the detectors A data acquisition interval is known as arun The number of the current run is shown at the top right of the dashboard i e 14115 in Figure 2 This number will automatically increment every time you finish a run and begin a new one After beginning a run you should give it a title The easiest way to do this is from the Open Genie command line using the command cha title my title including the quote marks The new title will be displayed on the dashboard Tip Keep titles to less than 24 characters Although longer titles will be happily displayed on the dashboard they will be truncated in the datafiles To end data acquisition you can either type end at the Open Genie command line or hit the End Run button in the DAE VI This will return the display at the top of the dashboard to ENGINX IS SETUP Upon ending a run a binary datafile is created called ENGXXXXX RAW where XXXXX is the run number containing all the information on the data acquired during that run Tip The dashboard contains other useful information For example
7. a single word please q CANCEL fecxh Number of phases n lt 3 please 1 Template Materials Aluminium Al Alpha alumina A1203 Beryllium Be Calcium fluoride CaF2 Cerium oxide ceo2 Chromium cr Copper Cu Alpha Iron Fe_alpha Gamma Iron Fe_gamma Molybdenum Mo Nickel Ni Lead Pb Silicon Si Alpha Silicon carbide SiC_alpha Beta Silicon carbide SiC_beta Grey Tin Sn_alpha Grey Tin Sn_beta Alpha Titanium Ti_alpha Beta Titanium Ti_beta Alpha Uranium U_alpha Tungsten Cw Tungsten Carbide wc Alpha Zirconium Zr_alpha Name of phase 1 e g Zr_alpha fe_alpha Sample temperature K 293 After a lot of output you will be told that the sample has been defined and a simulated spectrum corresponding to this material will be displayed You will be asked whether you wish to proceed with this sample just in case you ve made a mistake 0 PREPARE O PREPARE Current material is fecxh 0 PREPARE Do you want to define a new material y n n And after more output to the screen the system will show you a first approximation to the measured spectrum inform you about the number of peaks found within the specified TOF range and ask whether you wish to proceed HEAEHHHHHEAEHAAHEEAEHAAHEEAAAAREEEEAAARRREA AAR RES The current sample is fecxh 54 The shorter TOF to be used in the analysis is 13000 0 The longer TOF to be used in the analysis is 40000 0 There are 8 reflections within thi
8. always allow 11 seconds after beginning a run change title First run change the title waitfor uamps 20 count neutrons for 20UA hrs END end data acquisition xpt 10 motor x xpt change the x motor position and repeat waitfor seconds 10 BEGIN waitfor seconds 11 change title Second run waitfor uamps 20 END ALWAYS end scripts with a carriage return 5 4 2 Script writing pitfalls read this section before running scripts There are some less than user friendly aspects of Open Genie which should be noted before attempting to issue scripts Take note of the points below in order to avoid Open Genie objecting to your syntax or worse issuing wrong commands e All variables which you use in the script should be declared using the LOCAL command as shown above e Open Genie is very fussy about variable types It expects a decimal point for real variables and is unhappy if it sees one in an integer variable Note the waitfor commands in the above script uamps is assigned a real variable with a decimal point 20 but rather illogically seconds is assigned an integer value e g 12 You simply have to learn which variables should be real and which integer and then make sure you assign them with or without a decimal point e It is necessary to end all scripts with a carriage return Open Genie is rather unpredictable as to whether or not it is concerned about upper or lower case Generally it is importa
9. spectrum from all the elements ina G enginx_focus b is the bank number 1 bank the individual spectra are or 2 summed together taking account of the differences in time of flight by a process called time focussing The focussed spectra are stored in the his files Table 4 EX SBA file types and locations Tip In order to perform data analysis using your own computer you will need to copy across either the RAW or the his files It is strongly recommended that you copy 47 the his files rather than the RAW files which are very large and in most cases are unnecessary The his files should be copied into the my_drive enginx focus directory on your computer 9 3 How to use this chapter If you have installed EX SBA on your own computer see section 9 9 then the datafiles required for the examples used in this chapter are included in the installation You can therefore follow the chapter through as a tutorial typing the commands as written and observing the output The commands to be typed are shown in green Italics are used for generic descriptions of arguments do not type these as shown but instead put in the specific arguments e g rfocus 23131 1 rather than rfocus run bank If you are a first time user of ENGIN X it is highly recommended that you complete this exercise before arriving It should not take more than an hour or so and will make data analysis much more straightforward for you
10. DAE bytes 93400128 1 Periods fo mms 24967 1 2513 Spectra 9287 Channels Good Raw frames 0 0 2402 x 14 999500 ounts o DAE Genie Jaws 1 Jaws 2 Jaws 3 Eo Stress Rig Suain vs Load Signal Generatar Eurotherm details Eurotherms Eurotherm config MCR News Beam Status Help Bug Repatting Zebadee 4 Tabs or Computer My VI Enter Zebadee Command Message Received From CAMAC Reply Sent to CAMAC Command Cache Timeout CAMAC Serial Port No start SET CONFIGURATIONS E3 Windows Command P CF RayOfLight exe Open GENIE 1 Address C u xscan10 isc B OOD 1745 Figure 1 View of Ray of Light Instrument Control Program i Dashboard The dashboard gives information about the present neutron data acquisition More detail will be described in section K A Acquiring a diffraction spectrum ii _ Tabs Click on one of the tabs to display the graphical interface for the corresponding VI This is then shown below labelled VI in Figure 1 4 2 2 Introduction to the Open Genie command line Clicking on the Genie tab in Ray of Light should bring up an Open Genie command window If it does not you may need to click on the Open Genie icon in the Task Bar Note that there may be two Open Genie windows open If so only the most recently opened will accept data acquisition commands Use the window labelled Open Genie 2 If in doubt you c
11. ENGIN X Positioner Almost all ENGIN X experiments use the positioner to a greater or lesser extent so it is worthwhile familiarising yourself with its operating procedures 6 1 1 Description of the Positioner The positioner system consists of the following components The positioner itself An operator panel mounted in the hutch on a wheeled station A handheld control pad The main controller which is the first beige cabinet on the right hand side as you enter the tunnel e Control software on the Instrument Control PC The positioner has three orthogonal linear motor drives X and Y horizontal and Z vertical In addition a rotary drive supplies rotation about the vertical axis this drive is interchangeably called 8 or W The motorised travel of the Jaws 3 slits towards and away from the sample is controlled in exactly the same way as the positioner drives It will therefore be treated as an additional drive denoted S or Shutter summarises the characteristics of each of the drives Drive Amount of travel Nominal accuracy X 500mm 0 005mm Y 500mm 0 005mm Z 500mm 0 005mm 0 370 0 002 S Shutter 500mm 0 01mm Table 2 Positioner drive specifications The positioner has two modes of operation local control when you control its motion using the handheld controller within the experimental hutch and remote control when you issue commands via the Instrument Contro
12. ENGIN X instrumentation Specific operating instructions are given in later sections 3 1 Design principles ENGIN X has been designed with the primary aim of making engineering elastic strain measurements essentially the accurate measurement of polycrystalline material lattice parameters at a precisely determined location in an object The instrument is a time of flight neutron diffractometer which is optimised for this purpose in terms of intensity resolution sample environment ease of use and capacity for both large and small samples 3 2 Incident beam The instrument receives neutrons from a 100K liquid methane moderator The moderator sample distance primary path length is 50m and the sample detector distance secondary path length is 1 5m The beam travels to the sample along a curved supermirror guide with m 3 There are two sets of counter rotating disc choppers located along the beam path at distances of 6 4m and 9 6m from the moderator allowing the frequency of neutron pulses to be set to various values between 5Hz and 50Hz and enabling the wavelength range to be chosen according to the experiment The lowest achievable wavelength is defined by the curvature of the incident neutron guide and is approximately 0 5A Two pairs of motorised slits named Jaws I and Jaws 2 are located along the incident beam path at distances of 4m and 1 5m respectively from the sample position and allow the incident horizontal and vertical angul
13. components e Hydraulic pump This is positioned outside the ENGIN X building in the kennel It can only be run with the cooling system running the cooler is a large box located outside the kennel The power supply is 3 phase switched on via a large red switch on the wall above and to the right of the pump The stress e Intermediate hydraulic stage This sits on a portable frame close to the stress rig e Load frame e Control tower e National instruments GPIB interface box This controls the communication between the stress rig control tower and NDXENGINX the ENGIN X control computer e Front panel The front panel allows full local control of the stress rig including cyclic loading alteration of limits etc Please use only the features which you have been shown by the Instrument Scientist 7 2 Safety The stress rig can exert large forces very rapidly For ductile samples metals there is little chance of shards being produced during failure but it is possible that compression samples could be squeezed out from the grips at high speed There is also the possibility of getting fingers or other body parts trapped Caution should be exercised at all times when using the stress rig Ensure that no one can operate the rig remotely while someone else is inserting removing a specimen This can be achieved by locking the control computer NDXENGINX Tests should not be run when 30 people can interfere or be close to the rig Ther
14. during your experiment 9 4 Starting EX SBA If you are using the ENGIN X data analysis computer enginx click on the KSu icon on the desktop to launch EX SBA If you are using your own computer click on enginx bat in the directory my_drive ENGINX where my_drive is the name of the drive you installed EX SBA on Upon starting EX SBA you will be asked for an experiment name You should type a single word e g my_name which will be used to create a directory g my_name where all the results of your analysis will be stored Two windows will be shown a text console for input and output of text and a graphics window where all the plots will be shown see Figure 13 You can print any graph from this window using the colour printer located in the ENGIN X cabin Alternatively you can copy the graphs and paste them onto any other Windows program 48 EA PGOLEDriver PEOLED1 la x File Edt View Window Help Dos i ee 2 2 rel Open GENIE GCL code directory d genie gel annm User directories ittnnnnnnnamnnnmmmmnnnnnii GSAS files directory d test gsas_files Input Output directory d test in_out_files 24 lines scanned compiled Loading Smalltalk inage fron d engingNenginx_geni loading TCE connands Cif needed From Crebrogren Filec CCLRC ISIS Facility open GENTENcre telNinterface tel op n GENIE U2 2 BUILD 53 library version 1 kann iag on x86 Windows _N 1 built with MS visual C US o
15. have any queries please get in touch with your local contact Also please let us know if you spot something in the manual which you do not believe to be accurate ENGIN X is an evolving instrument and details of its operation are liable to change over time Some useful contact details are listed below Name Phone Mobile Mobile Extension internal external Javier Santisteban 5434 Ed Oliver 5792 1242 07765 852892 e mail I Santisteban rl ac u e c oliver rl ac u From outside RAL dial 44 0 1235 44 and then the extension Please only ring mobiles during office hours or to contact your local contact during an experiment Table 1 Contact details 2 Preparing for your experiment 2 1 Before you arrive This section details the things you should do before arriving at ISIS 2 1 1 Contact the Instrument Scientist Well in advance of your experiment you should contact the Instrument Scientist to inform them of your plans and discuss your requirements In particular if your experiment involves the use of non standard procedures or equipment please make these known as early as possible so that preparations can be made If you are intending to bring your own equipment this must be brought to ISIS at least two days before the start of your experiment to allow safety checks to be carried out 2 1 2 Arrange your experimental team You should arrange for colleagues to assist you on the e
16. make use of scripts to perform sequences of runs changing parameters such as position or sample environment factors stress temperature etc between runs Scripts are text files containing commands which you could otherwise issue directly at the command line e g to change position or begin a run However you can also make use of Open Genie structures such as loops if statements and arrays to give your scripts extra functionality and to make them smaller and more readable You can also use blank lines and indentations to improve legibility Scripts should be written in a text editor such as Notepad and saved with the extension isc e g myscript isc 5 4 1 A simple example of a script A short example script appropriate for a strain scanning experiment is given below The script moves the positioner s x motor to 2 values Smm and 10mm acquiring a diffraction spectrum at each position see Chapter 6 for more information about using the positioner The script is annotated by comments which come after the sign This tells Open Genie to ignore the rest of the line The example highlights some of the important aspects of script writing LOCAL xpt always declare variables at the start using the LOCAL command xpt 5 set the value of your variable motor x xpt send the positioner x motor to position xpt see Chapter 6 19 waitfor seconds 10 give the motor time to move BEGIN start data acquisition waitfor seconds 1
17. my_spectrum 20000 28000 50 A PGOLEDriver PEOLED1 le x File Edit View Window Help oleja Hee See Instrument ENGINY User Donn Run number 23131 Run slort times 20 Moy 2003 05 20 30 S S Spectrum Full bonk Plat dole 30 Jon 2004 15 37 344 0100 Grauong 1 Locotion enginvirow_dote ENG2 3151 row feexhx0 51 y15 02 z 0 00 Linked Jun 27 2003 69 36 46 library versio KRunning on x86 Windows_NT 5 1 built with M Neutron counts us III AIHA LIA IIIA IL IMAI IAAI AI Copyright lt C gt 1996 2882 CCLRC Rutherfor Open GENIE comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WAR type warranty This is free software 4 4 4 4 4 to redistribute it under certain condit 2x10 2 2x10 2 4x10 2 6x10 2 8x10 for details HII HO AOA DH IH IKI HAI ASH Time of Flight us gt gt rfocus 23131 2 ET di enginx focus ENG23131_2 his is of jeading block 1 from file d enginx focus blocks in file d enginx focus ENG23131_ EBIN X range now 6899 36292845747 to 41206 gt gt myspectrum rfocus 23131 ET di enginx focus ENG23131_2 his is of leading block 1 from file d enginx focus blocks in file d enginx focus ENG23131_ EBIN X range now 6899 36292845747 to 41206 gt gt d myspectrum 20000 28000 P ieptayoa using bin grouping of 1 For Help press F1 E a A stan FDL A Denn E Enan FL TewtPad A Musicm 2 Fisic K3 inbox mi E8 Open 6 E PEOLED e 8E 1638 Figure 15 Setti
18. the Current Total uA line displays the present beam current and the integrated current over the duration of the present run You can also log experimental variables using the dashboard such as the Jaws 3 settings or the current positioner positions Click Add Remove to bring up a list of variables Select those you wish to log using shift click and click OK The variables which are being logged will be displayed above the Add Remove button on the dashboard give it a minute to update 15 4 5 Viewing your spectrum ENGIN X is equipped with a custom written software suite for the full analysis of diffraction spectra known as EX SBA Chapter 9 gives a complete description of this software including showing you how to fit diffraction profiles in order to extract elastic strains In order to get started however this section tells you how to view the diffraction spectrum you have acquired 4 5 1 The ENGIN X Data Analysis Computer Data analysis is performed on the PC in the far right corner as you enter the cabin This computer is known simply as ENGINX Your raw datafile and log files will be automatically copied to this computer a few seconds after the run is ended Q On the desktop click on the BKS icon to launch EX SBA This will bring up two windows an Open Genie command window and a graphics window labelled PGOLEDriver In the command window you will be asked for a one word directory name Your working directory will b
19. the screen Use default values for Open Genie installation 5 Reboot the computer 6 Run the program by double clicking on c ENGINX enginx bat or my_drive ENGINX enginx bat From the web 1 Logon as Administrator 2 Unzip enginx_CD zip into an empty directory 61 3 Run setup_enginX bat from the unzipped files 4 Follow the instructions on the screen Use default values for the Open Genie installation 5 Reboot the computer 6 Run the program by double clicking on c ENGINX enginx bat or my_drive ENGINX enginx bat After the system is installed there should be a directory called C enginx or D enginx etc depending on the drive you selected with the following folders in it FOCUS GENIE PAR RAW_DATA TEMPLATES 9 9 1 Installation Troubleshooting If the EX SBA program does not run properly it is likely to be because the installation program could not update the path and system variables So check the following a Go to Start gt Settings gt Control Panel gt System Advanced gt Environment Variables b Edit the PATH variable in the System variables box and add the following at the end if not present C GSAS EXE C enginx genie batch Note replace C for my_drive i e the drive you selected during installation c If not already defined define a new variable in the System variables box Variable Name GSAS Variable Value C GSAS Note replace C for my_drive i e the driv
20. the top consisting of several buttons including one which shows a small arrow gt l This is the run button To start the VI click on the run button Most VIs have a QUIT button Press this to halt the VI Alternatively click somewhere on the VI such that the pointer becomes a small hand w You can then halt the VI by simultaneously hitting CTRL and the full stop key 5 2 The DAE VI The DAE VI has already been introduced in Section Look again at Figure 3 The buttons down the right hand side relate to simple data acquisition commands which can also be issued via the Open Genie command line Those which were not introduced in Section 4 4 were e Pause Run use this to pause the run if for example you wish to enter the hutch for some reason in the middle of a run The display at the top of the dashboard will change to ENGINX IS PAUSED The same action can be achieved by typing pause at the command line e Resume Run use this to resume after having paused a run Alternatively type resume at the command line e Abort Run you can abort the present run by hitting this button but beware the data will be lost forever Alternatively type abort at the command line e Save Run use this if you wish to view a spectrum from the present run without actually ending the run This will create a file of exactly the same format as the datafile created at the end of a run but with the name ENGXXXXX SO01 instead of ENGXXXXX RAW
21. to the plot 58 A rd ee alas Right Button to define limits press X to start itting O W_MULTI_FIT HHHHHHHH HHH a aoa GO If so press RETURN and you will be prompted to click on the graph to define the x limits either side of the peak Click left to set x bounds for region to fit right to continue Click on either side of the peak and press x with the graphics window still selected to continue fitting Hopefully the fit will then be performed successfully in which case it will be shown graphically and you will be prompted to accept it Are you happy with this fit y n y Eventually all fitting will be finished and plots of peak position intensity and width will be shown for each peak hkl indices shown at the top of the window against the variable you selected run number in this case To view the plots for each peak select one of the PGOLED windows from the Window drop down menu see Figure 19 EH PGOLEDriver PGOLEDS Ioj x File Edit view window Help delal New Window Cascade Tile Arrange Icons 5 1 a 1 enginx_genie im iA 2 PGOLED1 3 PGOLED2 3 E o a 5 PGOLED4 6 PGOLEDS r 7 PGOLED6 a 8 PGOLED S a 2 v 9PGOLEDS 8 Q a 2 3135x10 2314x104 2 3145 104 T of a m W x i 9 a Si D 2 3135x10 2314x104 2 3145x104 Run number Figure 19 Plots generated for the 321 diffraction peak using the analyze_scan command 59 Answer y
22. yellow red 40 e Tf you still cannot find a trace it may be because your surface is too shiny White developer powder is available for spraying on such surfaces 8 2 5 Calibrating the laser head The laser head can point in a range of directions over a hemisphere to allow the operator to select the most appropriate orientation s for their scan A calibration must be performed for each head orientation The orientation is defined by 2 angles angle A which defines the rotation of the probe away from the arm of the CMM 0 to 105 and angle B which defines the rotation about the axis of the arm 180 to 180 For example A 90 B 180 points the probe straight downwards For convenience the calibrations for a set of commonly used orientations are stored in a file These are labelled according to the angles A and B e g A 90 0 B 180 0 The calibrations are set to automatically expire after a 1 month period so you may have to re calibrate as described here The head calibrations are known in Metris as qualifications and calibrations are performed by scanning a reference sphere e If unseen bring up the Qualification Manager window Figure 10 by clicking the i icon on the 2 row of icons at the top of the Metris Scan screen Qualification Manager a Ii Load iE Save 21 File No file loaded r Qualified orientations P LC15_Sphere w LK20_sphere Create E Qualify All 1 A Figure 10 Qualificat
23. 3a eM a Dieng E Enan os FL TenPad D A MUSICMAT I2 FistClass E9 Open GENIE E PGOLEDriver 38 1730 Figure 17 Fitted and experimental spectra using the analyze command 9 6 2 Exporting GSAS datafiles If you would prefer to perform your own analysis using GSAS independently of EX SBA you can export a spectrum in GSAS dat format by typing gsas_file This will prompt you for the run and bank numbers and then tell you the location and filename of the file which is created Ask the Instrument Scientist to provide you with 55 the correct instrument parameter file To produce GSAS files for multiple runs use the command batch_gsas_file and follow the prompts Caution When exporting to GSAS format peak intensities are scaled by a certain factor which varies from run to run If you want to compare peak intensities between runs you will need to re apply these scale factors after your GSAS analysis Ask the Instrument Scientist how to access these scale factors 9 6 3 Fitting a single peak To find the exact position of a single peak use the command fit_peak and then specify the run and bank numbers and the TOF range to fit over For instance gt gt fit_peak Run number 23131 Bank number 1 Minimum TOF 25000 Maximum TOF 30000 which after intermediate output plots the fit on the graphics screen Figure 18 and gives the fitted peak position in TOF O FIT_PEAK Peak positio
24. Analysis software EX SBA and SSCANSS The details of these packages are given in separate chapters below Instrument control and data analysis are performed in the ENGIN X cabin 10 4 Getting Started The purpose of this section is to provide the basic information required to obtain a diffraction profile using ENGIN X The subsequent manual chapters will give you more detailed information on individual components of the ENGIN X hardware and software 4 1 Interlock system As with other instruments at ISIS ENGIN X makes use of an interlock system to ensure that no one remains in the experimental hutch while the beam is open Your local contact will show you the procedure to open and close the hutch but it is also written here for your reference 4 1 1 Closing up the hutch e After ensuring no one else is in the hutch press the white search button on the far wall diagonally left from the hutch entrance A warning bell will ring to inform people that the hutch is about to be closed Note if you have opened the door to the tunnel far left from the hutch entrance you will need to press the search button at the far end of the tunnel and close the tunnel door before hitting the main search button e Close the hutch entrance If the latch prevents the door from closing this is because you have either forgotten to press the search button s or allowed too much time to pass In either case press the button s again e Insert the spri
25. ENGIN X User Manual Edward Oliver Javier Santisteban Jon James Mark Daymond Judith Dann TheOpen University ay LEF ISISK Last modification date 16 August 2004 Beat E EA pia Shir A Loan ntact ed aCe 5 Sern EA 6 Peete i N EEEE E 6 a seca aceon betes 6 PAE ET TREE E P 6 E E E E S 6 2 1 4 Plan your experimental schediwlel icccccccccsccecssavccasccecectececesctcvecdestecccageneveceess 6 Ec re ree 7 EEEE E AEA ee 8 TETE E olen E T E T 8 E TE EA E A S 8 PEA A EE EE E ENEO 8 E eeepc hae ate aed 8 e a E O EE EET TOSA E A ET E AAN 9 B6 Sample environne ssis asena ri i i ii ia 9 B7 PRAT coupent oisin raini EEEN EE R 9 EEN EET A ee 10 4 g Db ETE A EA EI A AE NNE O ET E A E TEE 11 E ELAI TN PE E E E 11 e E E T E T 11 EE A R 11 A EEE N 12 EAE ETS 12 SEPETE 13 a E EE 13 e 14 EEEN EA E E ET 16 EEE 16 O E E 17 5 1 Launching and baltine Vig eccna aa 17 FE A A E E E A oT rerentre 17 Pit er URE E A E E AA A E E 18 T E E deh acta cease esac 19 4 1 A simple example of a SCYIPte 0 cece ccceccececcccescceccecececcescccecceseeceaseneceees 19 4 2 Script writing pitfalls read this section before running A O A 20 p SA e E E T 21 E 24 E E ETTET 24 EE N N N 24 PE E T E R 25 E E EEA EAE 25 E E ERE E EE 25 0 2 3 Seile he Zro poH eanais en Eni EEES REES 26 O 2d HONE AN ARIS er E I E E E E E Nin 26 Ce E ae ae E E T 26 OREA OE eee 26 6 3 1 Switching between local and remote control
26. If you hit Save Run again it will create ENGXXXXX S02 and so on you can save as many times as you like The same action is achieved at the command line by the command updatestore To view the spectrum on the data analysis computer you have to change the default extension by issuing the command set ext s01 or set ext s02 etc Then you can issue the xfocus run bank command to view the spectrum as explained in Section 4 5 1 e STOP this button stops the VI It does not stop the current run There should be no need for you to press it Tip Although the shutter can be closed while ENGIN X is running always remember to pause if you wish to enter the hutch during a run Otherwise the normalisation of 17 your spectrum will be incorrect Also remember to resume once you come out of the hutch again it is easily forgotten To access the tabs at the top of the VI you need to press the Change button You can then click on the tabs to bring up different sets of information about the DAE settings However these settings are mainly for the Instrument Scientist and you should not need to change anything other than perhaps the information contained under the User Information tab Here you can enter information such as your name and institution The other tab which is commonly used is the Time Channel Boundaries tab where the time of flight window for data acquisition is set start time and end time This window depends upon the chop
27. TIVE von _ Dial C Function meser Cw Keypad Figure 6 Schematic of the stress rig front panel 7 3 2 Starting up the stress rig The Instrument Scientist will ensure that the stress rig is set up correctly hydraulic hoses attached electrical connections made etc However at some stage it may be necessary for you to turn the rig on The procedure for this is as follows e Flick the white on off switch on the back of the controller You should see the lights on the front panel flicker and the display will indicate that several tests are being performed These take a couple of minutes to complete e Press and hold the yellow hydraulics on button on the front on the controller After a few seconds you should hear a sound as oil flow is initiated You can then 32 take your finger off the button If the button does not remain lit try holding for longer e Hit the actuator off low high buttons on the front of the controller in that order e The load cell will need to be automatically calibrated Ensure the cell is not under any load then press the set up button see corresponding to the load channel Various menu options will be shown on the lower display Navigate through the menus by selecting Cal gt Cal gt Auto gt Go The auto calibration will be performed and the green LED below the set up button will stop flashing Hint After starting up the rig a red LED labelled STATUS may flash on the f
28. The second option Find pin position should be used when a pin scan is performed i e when a thin wire is scanned through the beam in order to find the location of the neutron gauge volume This is usually done when there is a suspicion that the system maybe misaligned as a result of hitting the incident slit for instance Find pin position fits a Gaussian through the intensity profile to find at which position the pin is centred in the gauge volume 9 8 Building your own program You can build your own measurement or analysis program with Open Genie by writing all the steps you want to do into an ASCII file See the Open Genie User Manual http www isis rl ac uk OpenGENIE manuals htm to learn the syntax 9 9 Installing EX SBA It is worth installing EX SBA on your own computer to learn how to use it as well as to be able to do data analysis when you have left ISIS To install follow the instructions in this section System Requirements Windows 2000 XP or NT 4 0 with Administrator powers and 100MB of hard drive EX SBA can be installed from a CD that it is available during your visit to ENGINX or can be downloaded as a zipped file from www isis rl ac uk engineering From the CD 1 Logon as Administrator 2 Insert the CD and follow instructions Use the default options 3 If CD doesn t start automatically run setup_enginX bat from the root directory of the CD 4 Follow the instructions on
29. a the VI but using Open Genie commands contained in scripts An example of a script suitable for a stress rig experiment has been given in section 5 4 4 summarises the available stress rig commands General form of command plus example Function and notes Stressrig help brings up a summary of all stress rig commands stressrig time value Example stressrig time 10 0 sets the step time to the specified value This command has the same effect as typing a value into the step time box on the VI stressrig control channel Example stressrig control strain transfers control to the specified channel which can be one of stress strain or position stressrig setpoint channel value Example stressrig setpoint stress 150 changes the setpoint of the specified channel stress strain or position Then ramps to the specified value if and only if the stress rig is in the appropriate control mode stressrig query channel Example stressrig query position returns the current value of the channel to the screen var stressrig query channel Example cur_stn stressrig query strain alternative Open Genie syntax for the query command allowing the returned value to be assigned to a variable This is useful for scripts where for example you may wish to exit a loop depending on the value of a certain variable see the example script given in section 5 4 4 Table 3 Stress rig
30. ace move the head to the position you wish to start scanning at Click Mark on the Scan window The coordinates of the current head position will be shown on the line labelled Start 42 e Scans can be single line scans or an area or volume scan The dimensions of the line area volume are defined in the rows labelled Length Width and Height in the Scan window see Figure 11 The choice of line area or volume scan is made by selecting or de selecting these rows by toggling the lights on the right between red and green ES x Name New scan 2 E A 0 0 B 0 0 x o a Output to disk Value x Start 228 100 294 857 57 3121 ol Length Width e Height el BE Scan TA Add to macro PI 0 0000 1 0 5000 LO 1 0000 Continuous x Figure 11 The Scan window in Metris Scan Performing a line scan e Move the head to the end of the line along which you wish to scan and click Mark again The new head coordinates will be shown on the Length row and the light at the end of the row will go green to indicate that the line scan is activated e Click the Scan button your line scan will then be run and the point cloud data displayed on screen Performing an area scan e After defining the length coordinates click the Length light to turn it back to red Then click Scan the head will move back to the start position but not perform the line scan e Click the Length light to turn it green once again thi
31. an open a new Open Genie window from the Start Menu In the Open Genie window you can issue commands to perform the same operations as via the graphical interface However you can also issue scripts containing a series of commands To find out how to do this see section 5 4 Using scripts 4 3 Checking sample alignment In order to align a sample you will need to use the ENGIN X positioner Use of this is described in Chapter 6 However for this Getting Started guide it is assumed that you want to get a single diffraction profile from a sample which can simply be placed 13 on a suitable mount upon the positioner table Nevertheless you will still need to check that the gauge volume as defined by the incident slits and the radial collimators lies within the sample In order to do this look through the theodolite which sits on the left as you enter the hutch and through the telescope which sits on the other side of the incident beam climb under the beam guide These should both be centred on the gauge volume so move your sample until it is centred in the sights of both the theodolite and telescope Tip The theodolite can be adjusted to point at any angle Before you look through it check the display to ensure that it is looking in the horizontal plane Hz at 0 and in the vertical plane V at 90 Only then will it be aligned to look at the gauge volume The angle can be adjusted by using the small knobs on the theodoli
32. ar divergence to be modified 3 3 Definition of scattering volume The user is usually mainly concerned with the instrumentation which lies downstream of Jaws 2 A third set of motorised slits named Jaws 3 defines the gauge cross section of the incident beam This can be varied between 0 2 10 mm wide and 0 2 30 mm high Jaws 3 sits on a motorised arm and can be moved towards and away from the sample position The outgoing beam dimension is defined by the use of radial collimators There are four sizes of collimator defining gauge lengths of 0 5 1 2 and 4mm The collimators are kinematically mounted for accurate positioning You should decide which size of collimator is most appropriate for your experiment taking account of the trade off between spatial resolution and intensity 3 4 Sample positioning Beyond Jaws 3 lies the ENGIN X positioner This is a motorised positioning table with 3 orthogonal translation axes and a vertical rotation axis It is capable of holding loads of up to 1 5T Samples are accurately aligned using the positioner and theodolites which sit at nominal angles of 45 to the incident beam Use of the positioner is described in Chapter A robotic arm for rotary sample positioning is in the process of being commissioned A goniometer can also be borrowed from the ROTAX beamline if agreed in advance Automated positioning can be achieved using SSCANSS Strain SCANning Simulation Software Details of the us
33. categories It will be appreciated if you try to find the solution in this list yourself before contacting your local contact at 3am 14 1 Data acquisition e Runs are ending as soon as they begin e g after 0 2 uamps Check the script Is there a waitfor seconds 15 line after BEGIN Without this subsequent commands e g waitfor uamps xxx may be ignored e Open Genie on the control computer doesn t obey your commands Have you re started Ray of Light After doing this you must always start a new Open Genie window Start gt Open Genie The old window will not listen to you In any case try opening a new window and see if it will accept your commands e Open GENIE complains at script Have you declared all variables Make sure scripts end with a new line e Script runs directly after issuing loadscript command Is there a minus sign in the script title Open Genie won t like it 14 2 Data analysis e Binning of spectra looks wrong too few points Have you performed a wall scan using wallscan on Make sure wallscan off has been issued afterwards otherwise the TOF resolution will be wrong e Spikes in spectra 64 You can limit the maximum intensity in the spectra using the command xfocus spikes run bank ymax Example xfocus spikes 33456 2 1000 This creates a new his file with the spikes chopped e Spectrum appears empty This may be because the spectrum is plotted on the wrong y scale due to a large spike
34. ctrumt 20000 28000 Displayed using bin yrauping of 1 Re a add spectrum2 red For Help press F1 BS asi Asa O BE BW amp O Denge 0 Enano EE TextPed 10 A MUSICMAT 2 FistCiess f Open GE E PGOLEDrive 38E 16 54 Figure 16 Displaying two spectra on the same plot in EX SBA By default all the spectra are displayed in TOF but you can change the units of a spectrum to be shown on a d spacing scale by typing units d my_spectrum and the next display command will then plot the spectrum on a d spacing scale The rfocus command only actually performs focussing if it does not detect a focussed spectrum datafile i e a his file in the appropriate directory my_drive enginx focus on your own computer or G enginx_focus on enginx If no his file exists it invokes the xfocus command which actually carries out the focussing You can force focussing to be carried out over writing the his file if it exists by typing xfocus run bank For instance xfocus 23430 1 If this does not work check that the corresponding raw file in this case ENG23430 RAW is present in the raw file directory my_drive enginx raw_data on your own computer or G data on enginx One reason that you may wish to re focus and overwrite the his file is that the TOF range is too small so that some of the spectrum is truncated This can occur if you 52 change samples and alter the DAE settings i e extend the TOF range To r
35. d the current motor positions into a variable issue the command curpos pt The variable curpos then contains all the current positions If for example you wish to output the current x position to the screen issue the command printn curpos x 6 5 Aligning your sample Given below is a procedure which uses one theodolite and the positioner to align the centre of a cuboidal sample with the centre of the neutron beam For more complex sample geometries it may be beneficial to make use of the SSCANSS software see Chapter 10 for details e Use the theodolite on the left hand side as you enter the hutch Ensure from the display that line of sight is set correctly 1 e with the vertical angle V set to 90 00 and the horizontal angle Hz set to 0 00 If the angles are not correct they can be adjusted using the knobs on the left and right of the theodolite e Mount your sample on the positioning table so that one edge is parallel to the x axis e Rotate 0 to 45 so that the x axis is perpendicular to the line of sight of the theodolite 28 Jog z so that the top edge of the sample is aligned with the crosshairs Record the value of z Jog z so that the bottom edge is aligned with the crosshairs and again record the value Move z to the average of the two recorded values to ensure that the sample is vertically centred on the beam If you wish you can SET DATUM for the z axis at this point Repeat this procedure for the x a
36. dle of the Camera Preview window see Section 8 2 4 Click Next The CMM should now automatically scan the sphere for all head orientations If this is your 1 attempt at calibrating it may be worth hovering over the emergency stop button until you are confident that the procedure is working properly At the end click Accept The Qualification Manager should now show green symbols indicating that all head orientations have been calibrated Click the Save As button and save the calibrations using the filename convention date_yourname qIf e g july04_oliver qlf 8 2 6 Scanning Turn the laser on as explained in section 8 2 3 and bring up the Qualification Manager window as explained in section 8 2 5 Click the load button on the Qualification Manager and open the most recent qlf file named by month of creation If a window appears warning you that the qualifications have expired follow the instructions given in section for re calibrating Otherwise selection the probe orientation you wish to use e g A 90 0 B 180 0 and click Activate Make sure the head can rotate freely without obstruction then click Yes to rotate the head Move the head over the object you wish to scan until you see a trace in the Camera Preview window see section for details If unseen bring up the Scan window by clicking the a icon towards the top right of the Metris Scan screen The Scan window is shown in Figure 11 Keeping an eye on the tr
37. e given that name and will reside on the G drive To view a spectrum the data from all of the detector elements has to be summed taking account the differences in flight path This process is known as focussing You can separately focus bank 1 the North detector bank and bank 2 the South bank To focus a run and view the resulting spectrum type xfocus run bank arguments separated by spaces e g xfocus 14115 1 for run number 14115 bank 1 This will display your spectrum in the graphics window Tip You may wish to perform some or all of the analysis on your laptop There should be no difficulty in setting this up and it offers the advantages that you will not need to transfer your data at the end of your experiment and can easily continue your analysis after you have left See Section 9 9 to find out how to install the data analysis software EX SBA and Section for details of connecting your laptop to the network 16 5 Instrument Control This Chapter gives more information on using the Ray of Light interface and Open Genie command line for the purpose of controlling the instrument However separate chapters are devoted to the control of some of the more important or complex pieces of equipment 5 1 Launching and halting VIs As noted previously some of the VIs begin running directly after boot up of the control computer whereas others are started as and when you need them A VI which is not running will have a panel at
38. e of this software are given in Chapter 110 3 5 Detectors The diffraction detector banks sit behind the radial collimators There are currently two diffraction detector banks which are centred on horizontal diffraction angles of 90 to the incident beam and span angular ranges of 30 in both horizontal and vertical directions The North bank also called bank 1 lies furthest from the entrance to the experimental hutch while the South bank bank 2 sits just in front of the entrance Each bank consists of 1200 ZnS Li scintillator detector elements arranged in 5 units stacked vertically above one another each comprising 240 horizontally stacked elements The spatial resolution of the detector elements is 3mm horizontally x 150mm vertically The scintillator detector elements are monitored via fibre optics using photomultiplier tubes The horizontal dimension provides an angular contribution to resolution which matches the flight path and thus defines the highest resolution mode that the instrument is anticipated to run in There is also a pixellated transmission detector This lies in front of the beam stop i e along the direction of the incident beam behind the sample position and can be manually slid forward towards the sample This detector comprises a 10x10 array of 2x2mm detector elements on a vertical and horizontal pitch of 2 5mm 3 6 Sample environment A 50kN hydraulic stress rig with a horizontal loading axis can be
39. e set the range use the commands enginx bank 1 t_min 1000 set bank 1 minimum TOF to 1000us enginx bank 1 t_max 99000 set bank 1 maximum TOF to 99000us and similarly for bank 2 The TOF range you require will most likely be within these extremes When you next issue a focus command the TOF range will then be reset to that contained within the RAW file Occasionally electronic spikes appear on a focussed spectrum which result in a spectrum having a very large number of counts restricted to only one or two TOF channels If that happens you can use a more advanced and slower focussing routine by typing xfocus spikes This will prompt you for the run number and bank to be focussed and will also ask for a maximum number of counts to be allowed on an individual TOF channel A value of 5000 counts will work for most cases but if it doesn t you can play with this value until you get a spectrum with no spikes in it 9 6 Analyzing a single run 9 6 1 Rietveld refinement of a single run For neutron strain scanning we need to know the precise value of the lattice parameter for each of the runs we have measured For a single run this can be done by typing analyze The system will then ask you a series of questions including the run and banks to be analyzed the TOF range to be used and the material composing the sample The program will perform a Pawley type full spectrum refinement using the GSAS code and it will s
40. e you selected during installation d If not already defined define another new variable in the System variables box Variable Name PGPLOT_FONT Variable Value C GSAS PGL GRFONT DAT Note replace C for my_drive i e the drive you have selected during installation If you still have problems ask the Instrument Scientist 62 10 SSCANSS Documentation for SSCANSS is in the process of being produced Watch this space 11 Monitoring your experiment For many experiments it is not necessary for someone to be in attendance at the beamline 24 hours a day Nevertheless mistakes and mishaps are all too common and it is very worthwhile to keep a regular check on your experiment even when you are not present There are a few simple ways you can do this e Check the dashboard via the web The dashboard can be viewed on the web at select ENGINX from the drop down menu e Check the webcams There are two webcams which view the sample position The web addresses are webcam 1 and webcam 2 These can only be viewed on the RAL site e Check the present and averaged beam current The present beam current can be viewed via the dashboard although note that it will read 0 0uA if the instrument is in SETUP mode The averaged current over the last hour and day can be viewed at http www isis rl ac uk status index htm 12 Further information 12 1 Networking your laptop in the ENGIN X cabin Network cables and ethe
41. ed off and on again for some reason This usually results in the current 0 position being set as zero in which case you will need to home the 6 axis to find the true zero position After homing 9 you should move to 0 16 and SET DATUM This ensures that the x axis is aligned parallel to the neutron beam when 0 0 6 2 5 Limits If you drive an axis too far it will trigger an end of travel microswitch and move slightly back away from the switch An alarm will sound Press the ACCEPT selection key on the operator panel to resume operation 6 3 The Ray of Light Positioner VI The Positioner VI is accessed by clicking on the Positioner tab on the Ray of Light display on the Instrument Control PC The VI display is shown in Figure 5 If the VI is not running you will see various icons along the top including the play button gt Hit this to start the VI Key Tip Remember that in order to use the VI the hutch Master Key must be stowed in the green interlock box see Section 4 1 26 334 91 Figure 5 The Positioner VI 6 3 1 Switching between local and remote control Click the Control Mode switch at the bottom right of the VI to toggle between local and remote control When in remote mode the Remote indicator light on the right of the switch should be lit i e bright green it is unlit in Figure 5 If it fails to light check that the hutch is closed up 6 3 2 Remote control using the VI Caution W
42. efore the rig should be surrounded by barriers when used outside the hutch In the hutch tests should only be carried out when the entrance is shut Hydraulic re dis connections should only be made under supervision of an Instrument Scientist and never while power is supplied to the hydraulic pump Emergency stops are located on the pump the control tower and the load frame these will turn off the pump and terminate any programs which are running 7 3 Local operation of the stress rig For in situ testing during neutron data acquisition you will probably control the stress rig remotely from the ENGIN X cabin However to mount samples you will need to use the front panel to control the stress rig locally You do not need to switch between local and remote control this is done automatically 7 3 1 The front panel Local operation is controlled using the front panel A schematic of the front panel is shown in There are 2 LCD displays the upper display provides information such as the present stress or actuator position The lower display supplies options for you to select You choose an option by pressing one of the selection keys below the display 31 INS TRON Upper display Limit buttons Set up Control mode selection STRAIN 1 WAVEFORM Cil c C3 OAD WAVEFORM C4 Upper display WAVEFORM selection Load protect Lower display Selection Setpoint keys button WAVEFORM GENERATOR scans co ADAP
43. eless data acquisition for long periods of time 14 4 Stress rig and furnace e Communication lost between stress rig and control computer flashing red error message Stress Rig Error Generated GPIB 65 Write in Read values from Instron vi gt Stress Rig vi Possible reasons LabVIEW Cannot add Resource or NI 488 GPIB bus error The most guaranteed way of restoring communication is to turn off the ENGIN X control computer stress rig controller on off switch on back and the National Instruments GPIB interface box small box on floor near stress rig controller Then re boot the computer and turn the stress rig controller back on When both are running turn on the GPIB box Finally re start the stress rig VI click the arrow on the top left hand corner Don t forget to start logging your variables again after re starting the VI e Optical furnace fails to light up Check the cooling water flow meter attached to supply pipe Sometimes even when there is flow the meter reports no flow as indicated by unlit LED Tapping the meter may be sufficient to rectify the problem if so the red LED will light up Check that the maximum power output is not set too low in the VI Check communication between the computer and furnace controller e g if you change the setpoint temperature on the VI is it updated on the controller display e Stress rig does not respond after issuing stressrig setpoint command Is the stres
44. en the slit dimensions need to be changed The rest of the time it is switched off to avoid unwanted oscillations of the slits due to feedback in the motor system To alter the slit dimensions On Ray of Light click on the Jaws 3 tab see below Run the VI by clicking the play button gt Wait for the Status Figure 4 top right to change from Initialising to OK In the Symmetrical Gap Setpoints box Figure 4 centre enter the required vertical and horizontal gaps in mm in the corresponding boxes Hit the MOVE button Figure 4 centre Wait until the Status changes from Moving to OK Hit the Quit button Figure 4 bottom right Check that the reported slit dimensions top left are sufficiently close to the required setpoints If not wait for the VI to stop running and repeat the procedure Pw S BO OV ON 18 Genie Jaws T Jaws 2 Jaws 3 Postioner Stress Rig Strain vs Load Signal Generator Eurotherme MCR News Beam Status Helal Bug Rlapating Zebadee J mputer stwork 2 North jaw ee 0 00 de Bin At t command string J a West jaw S F J 0 00 a 946 00 Home Position semd Fi ee South jaw F2 0 00 Quit End Figure 4 Jaws 3 VI 5 4 Using scripts You will quickly find that manually starting and stopping runs using the DAE VI or the Open Genie command line is not only tedious but impractical Therefore most experiments
45. ery slow It is therefore a good idea to reduce the number of points by filtering To do this select ty your point cloud by making sure that the icon is depressed and then clicking on the point cloud this should surround it by a red box outline as illustrated in Figure 12 You can then select FilterMeshrandom from the Point Cloud drop down menu also illustrated illustrated in Figure 12 This will give you various options to filter points and then mesh them together if required For details see the Metris Scan manual which is clearly written and kept in the ENGIN X filing cabinet in the CMM Metris file Please put it back afterwards After processing your point cloud you will need to save it Do this by selecting the cloud and then selecting File gt Export For an unmeshed point cloud you can then choose either option Selection to File export as a mbf file or Pointcloud s Polyline s export as an ascii text file 44 Metris Scan 3 1 BE_inner_all mbf g File View PointCloud Polyline Object Fit Transform Scan Tools Settings Window Help lee S alele ole ziz i wal alle elelalal l FR L er _Helzle allel AE E ala E l a elese 8 Qual 3 x B een gt a Graphical ad om a Ka S manipulation B ouai 4 icons w af 9 Panl Smooth l Sibtract oe Register Scanlines a v d EJ 5 a 5 5 jal zl B 5 e Ql a Q a Create Duality Qualify All i
46. es to the following question Do you want to define the average peak strain y n y This will calculate the average strain over all diffraction peaks Keep pressing RETURN until you get the Open Genie prompt once more You can use the plots generated by analyze_scan but you may well wish to use the data to create your own plots For this purpose the routine writes ascii files with all the fitted data The files are stored in the in_out_files sub directory of your working directory If you scroll up the output on the console window you will see messages telling you the name and location of each file such as Peak positions for peak 3_2_1 have been written to c temp in_out_fi les tutorial1_bank_1_pos_3_2_1 0UT The files contain tabulated data with clear headings such as run number d_space and error 9 7 2 Strain scan Rietveld refinement Instead of single peak fitting you can use analyze_scan to perform a full spectrum Rietveld refinement using GSAS by issuing the command analyze_scan gsas Again you can try this with run numbers 23131 to 23148 specifying single phase ferrite Fe_alpha as the material The routine will take you through similar options as the single peak fitting version e g defining the sample material setting TOF limits etc Do not be put off by some rather strange intermediate plots At the end of the routine the refined lattice parameters will be written to an ascii file w
47. f stress strain and position can be logged every few seconds to a text file Logging is controlled by the panel labelled Logging and Reading to the bottom right of the VI see Figure 7 To start logging e Change the reading interval data logging interval and number of points to average to your desired values Recommended values are Isec 5 points and 5sec this will write the instantaneous values of position stress and strain to a file every 5sec together with the values averaged over the last 5sec e Press the button labelled Logging off The button will turn yellow and the label will change to Logging on e Click on the Strain vs Load tab on the Ray of Light display You should see a plot of strain against stress with the frequency specified by your data logging interval The plot is only updated if logging is switched on The log files are written to the directory d logs Stress Rig on the Instrument Control PC A new file is created each time you run the VI The filenames contain the date and time of the file creation e g Stress Rig 2004 04 07 April Wednesday14 11 25 dat The files are in ascii format and contain labelled columns of data open a file in Notepad to have a look at it 7 4 3 Changing stress strain position To change stress strain or position using the VI use the panel labelled Setpoints e Alter the step time if required this is the ramp time over which the variable will be changed 20sec
48. f you expect to work within S5MPa to 250MPa set limits of e g SMPa and 300MPa Usually you should choose the effect of tripping a limit as transfer to position control and hold at present position This allows easy recovery if limit trip is accidental but is effective in stopping specimen failure To set a limit 34 press the appropriate limit button see Figure 6 e g max load or min position e From the menu select the present value this will then enable you to input a new value via the keypad e Select the action you wish to be taken should the limit be tripped e g transfer to position control turn actuator off e Select On Off to turn the limit on this is indicated by a red light next to the limit button 7 4 Remote control of the stress rig The stress rig is controlled from the Instrument Control PC using the Stress Rig VI This is accessed by clicking the tab labelled Stress Rig on Ray of Light A typical view of the VI is shown in Figure 7 On the left the current values of position stress and strain are shown numerically In the centre updating plots of these variables are shown versus time Control of the VI is done using the panels on the right hand side DAE Genie Jaws 1 Jaws 2 Jaws 3 Positioner Stress Rig Strain vs Load Signal Generator Eurotherms MCR News Beam Status Help Bua Reporting Zebadee g Back o po eah i Folders T i Ja Address Se uA gt Eco inks
49. hen operating the positioner remotely take special care to ensure that you do not issue commands which may cause a collision To issue motor commands via the VI follow this procedure e Inthe New Position column type the motor position you wish to move to in the box corresponding to the relevant axis e Inthe New Position column hit the Set button In the Go column hit the button corresponding to the relevant axis This will start the motor moving 27 e After allowing sufficient time for the motor to move hit the Read button in the Current Position column This will update the current positions for all axes allowing you to verify that the movement took place successfully If you think you have issued an incorrect value and then pressed the Go button hit the Stop button as soon as possible to prevent a collision 6 4 Remote Control using Open Genie commands In addition to remote control of the positioner using the VI you can also issue Open Genie commands The main purpose of this is for incorporating a large number of movements into a script for strain scanning The basic command is motor A pos where A should be replaced by either x y z t s depending on the axis where t stands for theta i e the rotation axis and pos is the value you wish to move to For example if you wished to move x to 20 5mm you would issue the command motor x 20 5 either from the Open Genie command line or from within a script To rea
50. how the experimental calculated and difference spectra on the screen For those who have experience with GSAS all the files used during the GSAS refinement are stored in the directory my_drive my_directory gsas_files or in G my_directory gsas_files on enginx As an example you can try the analyze command with run 23131 consisting of ferritic steel Fe_alpha following the steps below gt gt analyze Run number 23131 Bank 1 The system will focus the run and will show you the resulting spectrum Then after a lot of output to the screen it will ask you the TOF range that you want to use for the Rietveld analysis Tip For strain scanning experiments it is sensible to use a minimum TOF which is not too short as peaks at small d spacings tend to very overlapped and will not contribute greatly to the refinement but will cause it to proceed much more slowly 53 O PREPARE Please look at the plot and decide Minimum TOF to use in the refinements 13000 Maximum TOF to use in the refinements 40000 And after a lot of output to the screen you will be asked to define the material composing the sample from a list of possibilities You can give any name to your sample fecxh in this case but it must be a single word If your material is not in the list please contact the Instrument Scientist You will also be asked for the sample temperature 0 PREPARE Sample not defined O PREPARE Please define the sample New sample name
51. in intensity Try the tip above for removing spikes in the spectra e Information lost from titles Maximum length of titles is 24 characters anything else will be lost even though it is seen on the dashboard e dat files created using batch_gsas_file don t have full TOF range Before issuing batch_gsas_file set the TOF range to greater than required e g enginx bank 1 t_min 1000 enginx bank 1 t_max 99000 for bank 1 similarly for bank 2 14 3 Positioner e Positioner has crashed Go into the tunnel The positioner controller is the large beige cabinet directly to your right Twist the large red power switch labelled Danger 240V wait for a few seconds then twist back on Wait for the display on the operator panel to prompt you to press the green Control On button and then do so Home theta and follow instructions on paper stuck on the operator panel set datum at 0 16 If you have entered the tunnel you will need to hit the search button inside it when closing up the hutch e Positioner tries to go to ridiculous position e g very large x or y Have you defined a scan about the present position but forgotten to read it in HIT STOP if you are unsure e Positioner is not moving to the positions specified no error message Make sure the positioner is in remote control not local the remote control button on the control GUI should be showing bright green WARNING this is a common error which has resulted in us
52. in wavelength space e g from 0 5 to 3 6A or 2 to 5 1A Fora greater wavelength window the choppers must be operated at lower frequency e g 16 67Hz or 12 5Hz with a corresponding reduction in intensity Some examples of chopper and DAE settings are given in Appendix A Chopper and DAE Settings e Count times Ultimately the count time required to obtain a diffraction spectrum of sufficient accuracy will determine how many measurements you can make The count time depends on all of the above parameters gauge volume chopper frequency etc as well as the sample properties and the path length of material through which the beam must travel 2 2 When you arrive Experiments generally begin at 10am Please arrange to arrive before this time or on the previous day to give you time to complete the following tasks before the beginning of your beamtime e Report to the MCR main control room for the issue of your access pass and film badge These must be carried with you at all times during your visit e Go to the User Office building R3 lower ground floor to collect your meal vouchers ISIS will no longer pay for meals eaten outside the site restaurant e Watch the safety video and read the safety pack with which you will be provided e Meet up with your local contact e Collect your sample record sheet s ask your local contact where to collect them 3 Description of ENGIN X This section summarises the main components of the
53. ion Manager in Metris Scan e Click the Load button and check that the browser window is open at the folder E Qualifications The calibrations are stored in qlf files named by the calibration month For example March04 qlf contains the calibrations for March 2004 Open the most recent of these files 41 If the message Expired qualifications have been added to the list These are no longer valid is displayed you will need to re calibrate click OK to close the message Otherwise you should be OK To re calibrate mount the white 15mm diameter reference sphere in an accessible position on the CMM table the sphere screws into a mounting rod an extension rod is available to mount it at the correct height On the Qualification Manager check to see whether the symbol next to LC15_Sphere is green or grey calibrated or uncalibrated If it is green right click on LC15_Sphere and select Sphere has moved This informs the CMM that the sphere has been newly positioned on the table and not to assume it is located at a previous position Accept the warning which is issued On the Qualification Manager click Qualify All In the dialogue box which is brought up check that LC15_Sphere is selected under the Sphere dropdown menu Click Start Using the handheld control pad move the head to a position where it can freely rotate without risk of collision Click Next Move the head over the sphere so that a trace appears in the mid
54. ions provide a basic guide to measuring point cloud data using the Metris laser head For information on other procedures meshing using touch probes etc consult the Instrument Scientist 38 8 2 1 Start up Turn on the air compressor by pressing the yellow button If there is no response check that the emergency stop button is released by twisting it the try pressing the yellow button again With the CMM turned off ensure that the CMM arm is towards the right hand side of the machine and not at the bottom of its travel if not push it there manually This is to ensure that the machine can find its home position correctly Turn on the CMM by twisting clockwise the large red power switch on the right hand side of the control cabinet Flick the black power switch on the control PC which is housed at the bottom of the control cabinet access from the left hand side Log on as administrator no password 8 2 2 Homing the CMM Start LK Studio Inspect by double clicking the icon on the desktop Mount the laser head by inserting the T bar key and turning it clockwise you should hear a bleep indicating that the head has located correctly mounting the head is very simple but ask your local contact to show you the first time Select the CMM drop down menu and choose On line At the prompt press the MASTER START button on the control pad firstly ensuring that the emergency stop button also on the pad is released Then c
55. issiias 57 E TE ET SPCR TREY 60 Seren rn nar vere ene ere or eer 60 E deaueaes 60 P E A E nec aenel 61 eRe E eee aeons earner mt en eee eer er omer Rae mre 61 e rere nt reey neereetr Ter vette Peeve reer etree 62 ADS SS ANS ip ood osc csp vi de ceathac a de eige dea E EE E E Sestia eines 63 11 Monitoring your CXperiment cccceeccssccccccccccessssscscccccsceesscssesccescseeessessesseeseeees 63 12 Further information aise ov oe sacle saves dense dea See aavbcnesvand loveveeasadsvoed davdvvdstadivsedeasisseevageveds 63 12 1 Networking your laptop in the ENGIN X Cabin cece cccceeeeccceeeeeeseesceees 63 1 Introduction The purpose of this document is to help you gain the maximum benefit from the use of ENGIN X In conjunction with the information provided on the ENGIN X website www isis rl ac uk engineering your experiment and to analyse your results it will help you to successfully plan and safely run You should not need to read the entire manual but it would be helpful if you familiarise yourself with the sections which are relevant to your experiment before arriving at ISIS This will save time once you are here and help to prevent simple mistakes If you are a new user it would be particularly useful for you to read Chapter 4 Getting Started Chapter 13 Pitfalls and to familiarise yourself with the data analysis software EX SBA by downloading it see Section and following the examples in Chapter 9 If you
56. ith filename of the form _GSAS OUT e g tutoriall_bank_1_GSAS OUT Again the file will be written to the in_out_files sub directory and an output message will confirm the name and location 9 7 3 Exporting GSAS files analyze_scan gsas only performs a simple refinement for example it assumes untextured material You may therefore wish to export GSAS dat files As explained in section using the command batch_gsas_file to produce these files Also pay attention to the note of caution shown in section 9 7 4 Analyzing integrated intensities Sometimes you will not be interested in peak positions but only in the integrated intensity of each spectrum For example this will be the case if are scanning through the surface of a sample to find its location In this case use the command integrate_scan and follow the prompts You can try to improve the contrast of the scan by specifying the material and only integrating intensity over the TOF regions where you expect 60 peaks to occur or you can define a TOF region of interest over which to integrate or you can integrate over the whole spectrum After plotting the intensities the routine will offer you two analysis options The first option Find location of surfaces should only be used for a scan that has traversed two surfaces in so called transmission mode Such a scan will produce a symmetric intensity plot since the path length is the same for all runs
57. l PC 6 1 2 Safety The positioner drives are extremely powerful and could easily crush body parts which got in their way For this reason an interlock is fitted so that the positioner cannot be moved in remote control when the door to the hutch is open This ensures that noone can issue commands remotely when there is a chance that someone in the hutch might get trapped by one of the drives Switching between local and remote control modes is achieved on the instrument control PC see section 6 3 2 and can only be done when the MASTER KEY is stowed in the green interlock box see section 4 1 above When using the positioner in local control ensure your own safety by following these simple common sense rules e Ensure you know how to use the positioner if in doubt ask 24 e Exercise caution whenever any part of the body is within the movement range of the positioner especially when changing samples Be aware of the locations of the emergency stop buttons e Two people should be present whenever samples are being changed NO ONE should enter the area under the decking while power is applied to the positioner 6 2 Local Control of the Positioner Note if the display on the operator panel reads REMOTE PC IS IN CONTROL you will have to use the Instrument Control PC to transfer back to local control Read section for details To operate the positioner locally you need to use the operator panel and the handheld control
58. lick OK on the computer Ensure that the CMM arm can movely freely up and down and towards the left without danger of collision Then accept the computer prompt by clicking OK The arm will then move to its home position click OK to accept the end of the initialisation Close Studio Inspect 8 2 3 Starting Metris Scan laser scanning software Laser scanning is done using the Metris software Icons for this software are located in a box on the PC s desktop labelled Metris Software Double click the Stop Communication icon Double click the Restart Communication icon Double click Metris Scan 3 1 If an error message appears click Retry If the same message appears again start the process again stopping and restarting communication several times I Switch on the laser This is done by depressing the o button in the Camera Preview window Figure 9 check that a laser spot appears If the Camera Preview window is not showing bring it up by clicking the Ey icon located towards the right of the second row of icons at the top of the Metris Scan window 39 Camera Preview E Laser intensity j 11 Cy Quality filter 5 Figure 9 Camera Preview in Metris Scan 8 2 4 Moving the laser head The CMM probe arm can be moved using the handheld control pad as follows e Operate the control pad whilst facing towards the ENGIN X cabin Then the X and Y arrows on the pad correspond to the real mo
59. line specimens The most common operations have been made accessible through simple menu driven programs EX SBA is written using the Open Genie programming language developed at ISIS see EX SBA uses the computer package GSAS see www ncnr nist gov programs crystallography software gsas html for automatic Rietveld refinement of the diffraction spectra You can use EX SBA either on the data analysis PC or on your own laptop The latter has the advantage that you will not need to transfer all your data at the end of the experiment and you can easily carry on data analysis once you have left For details of installing EX SBA see section 9 9 9 2 File types and locations The following table summarises the files used by EX SBA and where they are stored File type Description Location ENGnnnnn RAW The raw datafile containing the On ndxenginx at where individual TOF spectra recorded by D data nnnnn is the run no the data acquisition electronics for and also on enginx every single detector element at G data ENGnannn_myvar txt Ascii log files containing the values On enginx at where of a particular variable as a function G data myvar is an of time through the run The instrument variable variables to be logged are chosen e g X Y Z from the dashboard see section load strain tempf ENGnnnnn_b his To create a single diffraction On enginxat where
60. mal point key on the keypad Therefore the value is entered by typing in the correct digits followed by zeros to push the decimal point to the correct position To input a negative value select shown on the LCD using the selection key After inputting the number hit Enter on the keypad e Hit Start on the handheld control pad to start the motor It is a good idea to keep your eye on the positioner while it is moving and be ready to hit the stop or emergency button if it looks like a collision might take place 20 e When the movement is complete check on the LCD that Act Pos is equal to Pos Cmd i e that the positioner has correctly moved to the specified setpoint 6 2 3 Setting the zero position At any stage you can set the current motor position as the zero point For example you may wish to set the zero point when a sample edge is lined up with the cross hairs in the theodolite To set the zero press the SET DATUM key on the operator panel The display will read This will store the current N AXIS position as datum Continue YES NO Select YES using the appropriate selection key 6 2 4 Homing an axis The true zero position of an axis is found by a procedure which moves the motor to a particular encoder reference point The procedure is started by pressing the HOME key on the keypad and may take a couple of minutes to complete You should not need to home an axis unless the positioner has to be power
61. mounted on the positioning table for in situ testing of materials Testing can be performed at temperatures up to 1200 C and within inert atmosphere using a radiant furnace Temperatures from 30 C to 150 C can also be achieved using grips cooled or heated by a refrigerated heated oil bath All this temperature control equipment can also be used independently of the stress rig 3 7 Auxiliary equipment A Coordinate Measurement Machine CMM is located outside the experimental hutch This equipment can be used to accurately measure the relief of a component s surface using a combination of a Metris laser scanning head and touch probes The coordinates can be stored in a format which can be read by SSCANSS allowing automated positioning and data analysis A second hydraulic stress rig for offline use in the process of being commissioned A 2T radio controlled crane is used to move heavy equipment Only holders of CCLRC crane operator licences are permitted to use the crane Anyone can take the training course to gain a licence this might be useful for frequent users Ask your local contact for details or send an email to Dennis Abbley D D Abbley rl ac uk 3 8 Computing An important part of the development of ENGIN X has been in the production of software tools for the control of the instrument and analysis of data The major components of the software suite are the Ray of Light instrument control program the ENGIN X Script Based
62. n 26280 693359375 0 864083230495452 microseconds A PGOLEDriver temp bmp laix Fie Edt View Window Help oela el lee Run 23131 Bank 1 Detector Full bonk G fecxhx0 51 y15 02 z 0 00 T T Neutron counts us Difference ompleted execution 27x10 2 8x10 multiplied H a 233358435266017 before writing the GSAS file 7 POSAR FILE coas file Saved in c temp gsas_f iles 23131_1 dat Tirne of Flight js fittin Uis NENG23191_1 his is of type G3 internediate mile neng inxs focus ENGZ3131_1 his e 2SN XNNF NENG23131_1 his EBIN X range now 6878 45839428225 to 41103 877873845 EBIN X range now 25000 0 to 30000 found _ERF_FUNC iat ae _ERF_FUNC 8 in function cache of c engink genie d1l1 og_transmission jODULE beginning execution of erf_func from c enginX genie d1l og_transn lission d11 jODULE completed execution of erf_func fee Ans to Voigt exponential peak shape EBIN X range nas 25608 8 to 309000 8 VEIT PEAR ef in poet PEAK Peak position 26286 693359375 864083230495452 microseconds For Help press FL a ho Bstart ow Open GENIE E PGOLEDriver temp bmp F iB pg 16 02 56 Figure 18 Fitting a single peak in EX SBA To find the peak position in units of d spacing give the alternate command fit_peak d 9 7 Analyzing a scan EX SBA allows you to analyze a series of runs in one go A series of runs is referred to as a scan Scan
63. ng loaded bolt into the Fortress Interlocks lock and turn upwards This will enable you to remove the slave key from the door by turning anticlockwise Note the bolt and key can be a bit stiff shake the bolt a little if you have trouble turning it e Put the slave key in the available slot on the blue key housing box to the right of the door push in and turn clockwise e Remove the MASTER KEY labelled with a tag from the blue box turn anticlockwise and insert in the slot in the green box sitting directly below the blue box turn clockwise e The location of the master key in the green box ensures that all of the slave keys are housed in the blue box and thus that access to the hutch is not possible Therefore at this point it is safe to press the OPEN button on the orange box sitting directly above the blue key house This opens the shutter and lights the BEAM ON indicator light Key tip Always make sure you have opened the shutter before beginning data acquisition or you will not count any neutrons 4 1 2 Opening the hutch Press the CLOSE button on the orange box and then follow the rest of the procedure for closing the hutch but in reverse order except for pressing the search button 11 4 2 Instrument Control Computer A brief introduction to the software used to control ENGIN X is given here because you will need to use the Instrument Control PC right from the outset of your experiment The Instrument Contr
64. ng x limits on a plot in EX SBA You can compare different spectra by plotting them on the same graph Figure 16 Suppose that you have defined spectrum1 and spectrum2 by spectruml r focus 23132 1 spectrum2 r focus 23140 1 To compare them you first plot one d spectrum1 20000 28000 and then add the second spectrum into the graph by typing add spectrum2 red where the last word indicates the colour to be used blue red green yellow orange cyan purple There is a list of all possible colours in the Open Genie Reference Manual 51 A PGOLEDriver PGOLED1 la x Fie Edit View Window Help oleja Hee Eee Instrument ENGINY User Donn Run number 23132 Run slort time 20 Moy 2003 05 28 55 S S Speclrum Full bonk Plat dole 30 Jon 2004 15540440100 Grouping 1 Locotion enginvirow_dolo ENGI3137 row feexhx0 33 y2 43 z 0 00 ct Open GENIE a a S 2 3 a a lt p 5 v eed phd deere he ERE a k S oe 4 4 4 z Nenginx f ocus is is of ty 3 2 2K10 2 4xK10 2 6x10 2 8 Reading block 1 from file d Nenginx sfocus ENG231 REBIN range now 6076 65230469980 to 41111 298739 n nf Fii IR range now to i Time of Flight us gt gt spectrum2 rfocus 23148 1 T d enginx focus ENG2314 _1 his is of type G Reading block 1 from file d Nenginx sfocus ENG231 i blocks in file d enginx focus ENG23146_1 his IREBIN X4 range now 6876 65238469386 to 41111 2987391 D gt ad spe
65. now choose option 1 specify the run sequence 23131 to 23148 give the scan a name and choose bank 1 First run 23131 LAST RUN 23148 ame of scan e g scanl to create output files names tutoriall Bank After intermediate output you will be asked to select the independent variable to plot fitted values against EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EE EEE EE EEE EEE EEE EE EE Please select independent variable of the scan ERB EERE SEEPS EEE EEE EEE ES BEE EE EEE NE EERE EEEEE HERE 1 X positioner 2 Y positioner 57 3 Z positioner 4 THETA positioner 5 Run number 6 External x values from file 9 No plots 0 Exit RGR IEA EEE EEE EEE A A E EEE EEE BEEBE PEER Please select your option 5 For now choose to plot versus run number option 5 You will then be asked to define the positions of peaks in the spectrum You can do this graphically or by specifying them in an ascii file However if you know your material you can simply specify the crystal structure BEE GALE EEL OLIA LSI ICSE MII How do you want to define the peak intervals HEFHHHHHHAHAEAEHEHEHHHAHEHHEAEAEREREHERE AHHH EE 1 By selecting the material 2 By an external file 3 oe CO JEFF EEE EAE Please select your option O PREPARE Please look at the plot and decide REBIN X range now 6878 43839428225 to 41103 877873845 Minimum TOF to use in the refinements 13500 Maximum TOF to use in the refinements 40000 If yo
66. nt to write the basic programming keywords e g IF LOOP ENDIF in upper case but the higher level instrument control commands e g motor begin can be written in either upper or lower case 5 4 3 Running scripts You should save scripts on the u drive on NDXENGINX To run the script you first issue the following commands at the Open Genie command line given here for a script called myscript isc loadscript u myscript isc this command loads the script into memory You will be informed in red text if errors were detected in the script If the script is loaded successfully it is run by issuing 20 myscript without the isc extension 5 4 4 Script writing tips There are various programming structures which you can use to improve the functionality and legibility of your scripts In general it helps to have short scripts which can be easily read through to check for errors with potentially damaging consequences Titles and string variables You can incorporate the present values of variables such as position stress etc into titles For example the following statements read the current values of stress and strain reported from the stress rig see Chapter 7 and incorporate them into the title cur_sts stressrig query load read current stress cur_stn stressrig query strain read current strain sts_str as_string cur_sts 2f convert stress to a string variable stn_str as_string cur_stn 2f
67. ol PC is known as NDXENGINX and is located directly in front of you as you enter the ENGIN X cabin Communication with the various components of the ENGIN X hardware is all conducted via this PC There are two methods of communication 1 Viathe Ray of Light graphical interface 2 Via the Open Genie command line Ray of Light is useful for performing operations a step at a time while the Open Genie command line is required in order to issue lengthy sequences of operations as control scripts 4 2 1 Introduction to the Ray of Light Instrument Control Program Ray of Light is based on the LabView programming language and consists of a number of graphically based programs known as Virtual Instruments or VIs which control various parts of the ENGIN X instrumentation Some of these VIs are launched automatically when the computer is booted others are started as and when they are needed A typical view of the Ray of Light screen is shown in Figure 1 Various components of the screen are indicated on the right hand side and are described below 12 i IS Bag UN ISI S Ray Of Light Instrument Control Program ENING Ea a206 RB Number 0 Tue 14 Aug 2001 16 43 44 Status SETUP Slit 3 ese Theta 44 994270 D hb d Title Si_xtal jH2 x 15 0 5 een as Oar Current run time 24 MAR 2004 Monitor Period 1 y 0 001000 User Type Instrument Manager Current Total 3 0 0 0 0 rom mms 20024 Temp4 20 000000
68. pad The operator panel consists of an LCD display a keypad and an Emergency Stop button The handheld control pad has five buttons Start Stop Jog ve Jog ve and Emergency Stop Key Tip If you think a collision is about to take place hit the Stop button or if more urgent hit one of the Emergency Stop buttons To re start after hitting an Emergency Stop button twist the button clockwise to release it and hit the green Control On button on the main controller in the tunnel 6 2 1 Jogging a motor If you want to change the position gradually as you observe the movement follow these instructions for jogging a motor e Press the relevant axis key X Y Z W S on the operator panel If for example you pressed X the panel will read X AXIS IS SELECTED e Press the Jog ve or Jog ve button on the handheld control pad Hold down until the position has changed by the required amount The motor will stop driving as soon as you remove your finger from the button 6 2 2 Moving to a setpoint If you wish to drive a motor to a specific position follow the instructions below e Press the relevant axis key X Y Z W S on the operator panel The LCD display will show which axis you have selected the current setpoint Pos Cmd and the current actual position Act Pos e To change the setpoint select Edit using the selection keys under the LCD display You can then type in the required setpoint There is no deci
69. per settings and you should not attempt to alter it unless you have been instructed by your local contact The time of flight TOF width over which data is binned can also be set under the Steps heading The default value is 0 0002 in units of AT T where AT is the width of the time window and T the TOF The wider the bins the lower the resolution of your spectrum but the smaller the size of the RAW files This reduces the down time between runs so using wide time bins e g setting to 0 01 can be useful if you wish to acquire a number of spectra quickly and are interested only in the total intensity rather than accurate peak positions for instance if you are scanning through the wall of a sample to accurately locate its position Tip Instead of making the time bins wider in the DAE VI you can issue the command wallscan on from the command line This sets the bin setting as 0 01 which is appropriate for wall scans However remember to revert to high resolution afterwards by issuing the command wallscan off Otherwise your diffraction spectra will be blocky and probably useless 5 3 The Jaws Vis The three pairs of incident slits Jaws 1 Jaws 2 and Jaws 3 are each controlled by a separate VI You should not need to change the settings of Jaws 1 or Jaws 2 without first consulting your local contact However the VIs operate in exactly the same way as the Jaws 3 VI which is described here The Jaws 3 Vlis only activated wh
70. r greater Copyright lt C 1996 2062 CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Lab Open GENTE comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTS 5 for details type warranty This is free software and you are welcone to redistribute it under certain conditions type licence for details D gt a For Help press F1 pm a E soj O S OEA L Denn ENGIN FL TeaPad 4 MUSICM IN 2 Fisc 5 imbox Mi E Open G E PGOLED Figure 13 EX SBA start up screen 9 5 Viewing a spectrum After you have created a run i e a file ENGnnnnn RAW you can look at the TOF spectra stored in it Each ENGIN X detection bank consists of 1200 small detectors that need to be added together in order to produce a spectrum having the statistical quality required for strain determination You do that by typing rfocus run bank E PGOLEDriver PGOLED1 Fie Edt View Window Help 24 lines scanned compiled Ole e S12 oading Smalltalk image from d engink enginx_genie im oading TCL commands if needed from C Program Files CCLRC ISIS Facil Run 23131 Bonk 2 Detector Full bonk GENIE sre tcl interface tcl feexhx0 513y15 02 z 0 00 pen GENIE U2 2 BUILD 53 a pr inked Jun 27 2003 69 36 46 library version 1 2 Running on x86 Windows_NT 5 1 built with MS Visual C U5 6 or greate Copyright lt C 1996 2882 CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Lab Open GENIE comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY for details type
71. rements the stress in SMPa intervals using a loop and stops if the strain increases by more than 5 LOCAL start_stn cur_sts cur_stn start_stn stressrig query strain read initial strain see section 7 4 4 cur_sts 0 centre position LOOP start the loop cur_sts cur_sts 5 increment stress variable by 5MPa stressrig setpoint stress cur_sts change stress see section waitfor seconds 21 give stress rig time to ramp stress BEGIN start data acquisition waitfor seconds 11 change title stress as_string cur_sts waitfor uamps 20 END cur_stn stressrig query strain read current strain EXITIF cur_stn gt start_stn 5 exit loop if strain has increased by 5 ENDLOOP Arrays Arrays are another useful tool for writing succinct scripts if you wish to increment a variable but not in constant sized steps For example the following script which is appropriate for strain scanning fills an array with a number of x positions and then uses a loop to run through these positions LOCAL nsteps xarr i nsteps 5 xarr dimensions nsteps define the array xarr 1 0 1 fill the array with x values xarr 2 0 2 xarr 3 0 5 xarr 4 1 0 xarr 5 2 0 22 LOOP i FROM 1 TO nsteps start the loop motor x xarr i drive x to the i th position waitfor seconds 10 BEGIN start data acquisition waitfor seconds 11 change title x scan as_string xarr i 1f waitfor uamps 45 END ENDLOOP 23 6 The
72. rnet connection points are available in the cabin Plug in and set your laptop to obtain an IPaddress automatically 12 2 Archiving of data You should try to ensure that by the time you leave ENGIN X you have focussed your data i e produced his files and take these away with you You will then be able to work with them on your own installation of EX SBA It is unlikely you will need the raw data again but if you do ask your local contact to retrieve it from the data archive The data is archived on the ISIS network at the network share in directories named according to cycle you will need a password to access this Log files are stored in the same directories The stress rig datafiles are stored in the directory logs Stress Rig 63 13 Pitfalls READ THIS SECTION Bear in mind the short checklist below to avoid making simple mistakes which might lead to accidents poor quality data or long periods of lost beamtime Have you moved Jaws 3 as close as possible to your sample Have you put the positioner into remote control Have you opened the shutter If you have performed a wall scan have you subsequently issued wallscan off to reduce the width of the DAE time bins 5 Are all variables in your script of the correct type E g waitfor seconds 15 integer motor x 0 floating point waitfor uamps 40 floating point PARIS 14 Troubleshooting Listed below are a range of problems and possible solutions grouped into
73. ront panel If you press the button below it and select Frame status from the lower display this will indicate that the oil filter is blocked However this error message usually disappears once the hydraulic oil has had time to heat up If it does not go away after about half an hour ask the Instrument Scientist to replace the oil filter 7 3 3 Choosing the control mode The stress rig operates in either stress strain or position control This means that depending on the selected mode it will try to maintain either constant stress strain or actuator position To change mode e Hit the corresponding control mode selection button indicated on Figure 6 e From the options shown on the lower display choose IMMED for immediate transfer of control 7 3 4 Moving the actuator arm The actuator arm has a travel of 100mm from 50mm to 50mm Before you insert a specimen you will need to move it to roughly the right position e Select position control as explained in section 7 3 21 Press Set Point button above the dial e Either tap in the value you require on the key pad and press ENTER this will change the position instantaneously and so should be done with CAUTION e Or rotate the dial to change the position gradually 7 3 5 Inserting removing a specimen Depending on your sample type there are a range of different grips for holding specimens screw thread Hounsfield type compression etc In most cases
74. s is a reasonable time for lots of increments e Slide the blue arrow to the channel stress strain position you wish to choose as the control mode This will instantaneously change control to that channel e Input the value you wish to ramp to in the text box on the right of the blue arrow Don t worry the stress rig won t start ramping yet Note you should specify the absolute value not the value relative to the current value Also note strains should be given in e When you are ready press the Go to Setpoint button This will turn yellow and remain yellow for the step time indicating that ramping is under way e If the response is not what you expect hit the orange STOP button This should stop ramping If it does not you can hit the red PANIC STOP button but note that this will turn the actuator off and thus remove all stress from the sample Caution When you change control mode by moving the blue arrow don t assume that the value which appears in the setpoint box is the current value of the channel It is easy to assume this and then attempt to apply an increment by adding some value to that shown In fact the value shown is the last setpoint applied to this channel which may be substantially different to the current value This could cause you to apply a somewhat larger increment than you had intended 36 7 4 4 Stress rig script commands Most of the time you will control the stress rig not directly vi
75. s may have different purposes e g to study the strain variation within a specimen or to find the location of a surface from the intergrated intensity The main command for analyzing scans is appropriately called analyze_scan The best way to learn the various options available using this command is to try running it on some example spectra For this purpose focussed datafiles his files for runs 23131 to 23148 are included in the EX SBA installation These runs correspond to a radial line scan of a cold expanded hole made of ferritic steel Fe_alpha This section takes you through an example exercise but it is well worth trying out some other options on your own 9 7 1 Strain scan single peak fitting To fit peak profiles to a number of peaks within a series of spectra follow the procedure below gt gt analyze_scan ERB EERE SEEPS EEE BEE IEEE EEE EEE EEE TEBE EEE H HHHHH Please define your scan 444 EEE EEE EE EE EE EEE EE EEE EE EEE EE EEE EEE EE EE EEE 1 Sequential set of runs 2 Custom set of runs from file 3 Partial saves O Exit EREEEREEL EERE EERIE EEE EEE EEE REE PTE BE EERE CREE Please select your option 1 Option 2 allows you to specify a non sequential set of runs by reading them from an ascii file option 3 allows you to use intermediate s created using the updatestore command from a single run for example to see how the lattice parameter error falls with counting time For
76. s range The lower reflection in this range is 1 1 x at 37190 0 The higher reflection in this range is 4 0 O at 13150 0 The peak with maximum intensity is 1 1 0 at 37190 0 ee E Do you want to use these settings y Do you want to fit the data y n y After yet more intermediate output the system will show you a plot of the experimental and GSAS refined spectra Figure 17 and output the fitted lattice parameters and errors EERIE LEILA IEE SELES IE HEAL AIL EL attice parameter a 2 865597 0 000022999999999 Lattice parameter b 2 865597 0 000022999999999 Lattice parameter c 2 865597 0 000022999999999 PERERA ALE REISE LIAL EA PGOLEDriver PGOLED1 18 x File Edit View Window Help ojee e ee n 23131 Bonk 1 Detector N A GSAS file fecxh Chi 0 404 feen 51 y15 02 z 0 00 i m Normolized counts 2 0 2 4 0 Difference MODULE iepientny execution of read_phase JODULE completed execution of read_phase p REFINE7Latt ice paesentere read ri PPT Found Reser it GRAM _READ_HISTOGRAM x10 3 5x10 dil woe rE MODULE eee e i read_histogr L 1 1 1 5x10 2x10 2 5x10 3 Time of Flight s ODULE completed e read_histogr sin halfwidth o read _READ_PEAK_INFO eginning execution of read_peak_in pet peat execution of ee in fi AHNA nAn AN ANANA MA RNA RNNNR AMMAN MANNIN AA RENEN For Help press F1 Asan O
77. s rig in the correct control mode E g if you issue stresssrig setpoint stress xxx then the stress rig will only respond if it is already in load control mode To change the control mode issue stressrig control channel e g stressrig control stress 66 15 Appendix A Chopper and DAE Settings Listed below are some commonly used chopper settings time of flight window settings C6 6 2m chopper C9 9 4m chopper Material Frequen Opening TOF window Max d cy Hz Times us us A C6 C9 Min Max Al 25 1367 2050 10000 49999 2 4 a Ti 25 1733 2600 14000 53999 2 55 bcc fcc Fe 25 1067 1600 6000 45999 2 1 Ni Calcite 17 1133 1700 6000 65999 3 1 Ni y y 17 2133 3200 15000 74999 3 6 FePd 25 1200 1800 8000 47999 2 25 Zr 23 2333 3500 19000 58999 2 7 V Nb 12 5 1000 1500 5000 84999 67 16 Appendix B ENGIN X commands This appendix lists Open Genie and EX SBA commands commonly used at ENGIN X but is not an exhaustive list Follow the hyperlinks for examples of the use of the commands Open Genie instrument control commands 68
78. s will then highlight the Width line to enable you to define the width of the area scan 43 e Move the head in a direction perpendicular to the line scan to define the width of the area and then click Mark Now both the Length and Width lights should be green e Click Scan to perform the area scan Performing a volume scan e The depth of field of the laser head is 15mm Therefore if the relief on your surface varies by more than this depth you will have to scan at different approach distances by doing a volume scan as described here The procedure is simply an extension of that described above for an area scan Follow the procedure for defining an area scan but do not click Scan at the end e Instead deactivate the Length and Width lines by turning the lights red and then click Scan to return the head to the start position e Reactivate the Length and Width lines turn the lights green to highlight the Height line e Move the head in a direction perpendicular to the Length and Width dimensions to define the 3 dimension of the volume scan e Click Scan to start 8 2 7 Using your point cloud As the scan is completed the point cloud will gradually be displayed on the screen You can manipulate the display zoom rotate etc using the icons on the left of the Metris screen see Figure 12 Generally the number of points contained in the cloud will be far greater than you require and this will cause processing to be v
79. script commands Caution Before issuing a setpoint command make sure that the stress rig is in the correct control mode Otherwise the command will effectively be ignored 37 8 The Coordinate Measurement Machine The Coordinate Measurement Machine CMM is used to probe the locations of many points on the surfaces of components It produces datasets of many hundreds or thousands of point coordinates These datasets are known as point clouds The point cloud data can be imported either in its original form or after meshing into the SSCANSS package which can then be used as a virtual laboratory for experimental planning execution and analysis This chapter provides getting started operating instructions for the CMM for more detail ask an Instrument Scientist or consult the manuals which are stored under CMM in the filing cabinet in the ENGIN X cabin Figure 8 The CMM 8 1 Physical components The CMM system is comprised of the following components e The LK HC 90 CMM itself shown in Figure 8 operated by a handheld control pad e The control cabinet and PC which sit to the left of the CMM The Hydrovane air compressor located at the top of the stairs a large blue box e The Metris Laser head touch probes reference spheres and other accessories stored in the drawer labelled CMM in the desk on your right as you enter the ENGIN X cabin 8 2 Basic operating instructions These instruct
80. te DON T move the large handles on its stand or it will need to be re aligned 4 4 Acquiring a diffraction spectrum Before acquiring a diffraction spectrum the instrument should be in SETUP mode This is indicated on the dashboard an example of which is shown in Figure 2 ENGINX RUN RB Number 0 Mon 10 Mar 2003 15 26 24 User JAD Tel 1802 Title collimatorscan y 5x 10 0005 Current runtime 10 MA amp R 2003 Good Raw frames 686 689 Current Total wA 0 0 1 1531 DAE bytes 1371152 1 Periods 2413 Spectra Figure 2 Dashboard You can begin data acquisition in two ways i Type begin at the Open Genie command prompt ii Use the DAE Data Acquisition Electronics VI in Ray of Light This is accessed by clicking on the DAE tab The DAE VIis illustrated in Figure 3 Data acquisition is started by clicking the Begin Run button at the top right of the VI Tip Ray of Light is not very sensitive to mouse clicks When clicking on a button it should appear to depress slightly If you do not see this happen be aware that the click may not have registered Get into the habit of checking whether your intended action is actually being executed and be prepared to click again if nothing has happened This will not usually cause any problems 14 Data Acquisition Electronics Time Chamel Boundaries General Information Instrument Information Sample Environment User Information RunStatus SETUP End Run
81. the sample is located within the grips and then the actuator arm is slowly moved towards the grip and located by inserting a pin Move the actuator arm using the dial as explained in the previous section Tip it is a good idea to turn on load protect when inserting a specimen This ensures that only very small loads may be applied Firstly ensure that position control is selected Then press the load protect button as shown on Figure 6 and select On Off from the lower display to toggle on and off When on a red LED is lit next to the load protect button 33 A typical sequence of actions for inserting a specimen are given below e Measure the cross sectional area of your sample e Input this value in mm into the front panel by pressing the setup button for the load channel see and navigating through the menus selecting cal gt cal gt mm2 gt mm2 and then inputting your value via the keypad e Insert your specimen by moving the actuator arm as described above Turn off load protect and gradually dial up the position until a load of approximately 5MPa is applied e Transfer to stress control Attach an extensometer if required Two extensometers are available for room temperature and high temperature use respectively Your local contact will show you how to attach them If using the room temperature extensometer remove the zero point pin e Balance not calibrate the extensometer by pressing the setup bu
82. tton for the strain 1 channel and navigating through the menus selecting cal gt cal gt balance e If possible press the setpoint button and use the dial to gradually dial up the applied stress up to a value which will not alter the state of your sample e g 50MPa for stainless steel This helps to ensure that the extensometer is properly seated Then dial the stress back down to 5MPa When you wish to remove your specimen transfer to position control and turn load protect on This should remove the load and slacken off the grips You should then be able to remove the pin unscrew the screw threads or whatever is required for your particular grip system Tip For some grip designs load protect can cause problems and not allow you to move the actuator arm If you have this problem turn load protect off However before doing this ensure that the position setpoint is set to the current position Otherwise the actuator arm may move suddenly when you turn load protect off and possibly wreck your sample Caution Make sure you are not in strain control before you attempt to remove an extensometer The extensometer strain will change when you touch it and this will confuse the controller if it is trying to maintain constant strain with potentially sample wrecking results 7 3 6 Setting limits It is good practice to set limits to the maximum and minimum stresses strains or positions which you expect to work within For instance i
83. u are going through this exercise having just completed the analyze exercise you will already have defined a sample named fecxh with a ferrite crystal structure fe_alpha In that case continue as below otherwise you will need to give a sample name choose the fe_alpha crystal structure and specify a sample temperature 0 PREPARE O PREPARE Current material is fecxh 0 PREPARE Do you want to define a new material y n n The routine will then perform peak fits on the first run This allows you to check that you have defined the material correctly in which case you can accept the settings JHE HEHEHE EEE The current sample is fecxh The shorter TOF to be used in the analysis is 13500 0 The longer TOF to be used in the analysis is 40000 0 There are 7 reflections within this range The lower reflection in this range is 1 1 30 at 37200 0 The higher reflection in this range is 3 2 l at 14060 0 The peak with maximum intensity is 1 1 0 at 37200 0 HHFHHHHEHHEHAHHHAHAEAHAEHEHE HEHEHE RARE Do you want to use these settings y The program will then go ahead and fit profiles to all diffraction peaks in the TOF range for all spectra displaying the results graphically Occasionally a fit may be unsuccessful in which case the output will read O W_MULTI_F1I1T HHEHEHEAEAEAEAHAHAHAAEAEARAERERAAEAEAEAEARRA RE O W_MULTI_FIT Refinement not succesful Please define the limits manual ly O W_MULTI_FIT Press any key then go
84. vement directions e Ensure that the emergency stop button is released by twisting and press the MASTER START button if it is lit e Use the left hand knob for horizontal movements X and Y and the right hand knob for vertical movements Z The laser head has a field of view of 15mm For successful scanning you need to position the head at the correct distance from the object so that a trace is seen in the Camera Preview as in Figure 9 This may take a little practice so apply the following tips Use the alignment laser spot to roughly position the head over the object e Look closely to see a thin line of laser light It is this which actually performs the scanning If you cannot see it on the object adjust the position of the head until you can e Move the head towards or away from the object until the laser line roughly intersects the spot This occurs when the head is approximately the correct distance away from the object about 10cm from the tip of the head to the object s surface e Keep an eye on the Camera Preview adjusting the head position until the trace appears Centre it in the window as well as possible e You may need to adjust the laser intensity using the sliding scale on the Camera Preview If having trouble finding the trace set the intensity to maximum e The colour bar on the right of the Camera Preview indicates the intensity of reflected light Adjust the intensity until this fluctuates between green and
85. xis by jogging x so that the left and right sample edges are aligned with the cross hairs and then moving to the average position Rotate 6 to 45 so that the y axis is perpendicular to the line of sight of the theodolite Repeat the jogging procedure to centre on the y axis Rotate 0 back to 0 29 7 The INSTRON stress rig A 50kN Instron hydraulic stress rig is available on ENGIN X for in situ mechanical loading Please do not attempt to use the rig unless you have received proper training from your local contact even if you have had experience using hydraulic loading systems elsewhere The stress rig can be used on the ENGIN X positioner within the hutch or outside the hutch It is moved in and out of the hutch using the crane only the Instrument Scientists are permitted to do this The rig can be operated in two ways e Locally using the front panel e From the control computer WDXENGINX using the Stress Rig VI Full but not necessarily user friendly operating instructions for the stress rig are available in the set of grey Instron folders which sit on the windowsill in the ENGIN X cabin Among these the folder labelled Operator s guide dynamic testing provides basic operating instructions for the stress rig However this chapter gives a basic description of the equipment and summarises the operating procedures most commonly used 7 1 Physical components The stress rig system consists of the following
86. xperiment Generally two or three people are required to ensure full use of the beamtime 24 hours a day Please remember that your local contact is there to help you but not to run your experiment 2 1 3 Contact the ISIS User Office Register with the User Office isisuo rl ac uk tel 44 0 1235 445592 using the form sent to the original contact applicant for the experiment They will book accommodation for you as required The earlier you do this the better your chances of securing the best accommodation the on site guesthouse R70 is very convenient if you will need to perform sample changes in the middle of the night 2 1 4 Plan your experimental schedule Before arriving for your experiment you should have thought in some detail about the schedule of measurements you intend to make This means thinking about the following parameters which your local contact can help you decide upon Incoming beam size 0 2 10 mm wide 0 2 30 mm high e Outgoing beam size 0 5 1 2 and 4 mm available For stress rig experiments space restrictions mean that only the 4mm option is possible e Wavelength range required This will determine the settings for the disc choppers and data acquisition electronics DAE The choppers are most commonly operated at 25Hz giving a 40000us time of flight window which corresponds to a wavelength window of about 3 1A However by altering the chopper opening times this window can be placed anywhere

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