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C-Munipack 1.1 User's manual

1. 52 4 C MUNIPACK LIBRARY 4 3 Miscellaneous functions 4 3 1 Dark frame averaging This functions are used in the meandark tool for averaging of the dark correction frames The source files and the target file are stored in the FITS format int mdark_init const char optfile The function initializes the internal variables You must call the mdark_clean function when the processing was finished to free the memory allocated by this function The optfile parameter is not used in this version you should set it always to NULL The function returns zero on success or error code on failure int mdark_read const char infile This function reads single FITS frame and stores it to the memory The infile parameter specify the path and name of the file The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mdark_write const char outfile The mdark_write function computes the target frame by averaging corresponding pixels on source files The result is stored to the file in the FITS format The outfile parameter specify the path and name of the target file If it exists it is overwritten The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mdark_clean void This function frees the memory buffers allocated by the mdark_ functions 4 3 2 Flat frame mastering This functions are used in the autoflat tool for merging of the dark correction frames The source files and the ta
2. The Flexible Image Transport System FITS format is used for storing CCD frames by most of the existing CCD astronomy applications Since the specification is intended to be quite general if you decide to implement a software accepting FITS files one important disadvantage takes place there is no widely adhered specification of data and time format and that s why you can find many of them in practice The C Munipack software can automatically recognize several widely used formats All programs included in the C Munipack project uses the CFITSIO library version 3 006 for ma nipulating with FITS files The library was published under open source license and it is available on the internet The CCDOPS program uses special file format The advantage of this format is the simple com pression algorithm which considerably reduces the size of the files Also old models of cameras made by the OES GmbH Germany uses its own format for storing CCD data These two formats are supported by the C Munipack project Own implementation has been made in accordance to the available documents 5 2 Output files Final products of the reduction process are stored to output data files in simple ASCIT text format Such files can be imported to most of existing post processing software and they are compatible with original Munipack data files too 5 2 1 Light curve data files Light curves dependency of brightness on observation time are usually final pr
3. It is not allowed to perform this operation because there are no selected stars Run Choose stars dialog in Plotting menu first O Operation not allowed on closed file It is allowed to perform reading or writing on closed file If you see this message it is definitely a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author 67 R Reference file was not found The specified reference or catalogue file is not available for reading Check a the file is not opened in another application b you had entered the path and the file name correctly and the specified file exists and c you have got proper access rights for reading the file If you see this message in the Muniwin software it is probably a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author Reference star was not found Specified reference or comparison star was not found If you see this message in the Muniwin soft ware it is definitely a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author Resulting image cannot be empty The dimensions or the resulting image are zero Check the specified size of the image Resulting image is too large The dimensions or the resulting image are too high Check the specified size of the image S Syntax error in the catalogue file The specified catalogue file is not valid This error indicates the corruption of the catalogue file T There are no valid entries in table of input files You cannot perfo
4. dd mm ss ddmmss dd dddd S dd mm ss Sddmmss dd mm ss ddmmss or dd dddd Positive values and N prefix indicate locations on the north hemisphere negative values and S prefix indicate locations on the south hemisphere int empack_strtolon const char buf double lon The function translates a string representation of longitude to a real number in degrees The buf parameter is pointer to the null terminated input string the second parameter points to the variable where the output value shall be stored to If the transformation has been successful it returns zero Otherwise the MPK_INVALID_PAR code is returned Supported formats E ddd mm ss Edddmmss ddd mm ss dddmmss ddd dddd W ddd mm ss Wdddmmss ddd mm ss dddmmss or ddd dddd Positive values and E prefix indicate locations on the eastern hemisphere negative values and W prefix indicate locations on the western hemisphere void cmpack_lattostr double lat char buf The function translates latitude in degrees to its string representation The first parameter specifies the input value The buf parameter is pointer to the allocated memory at least 11 bytes where the null terminated output string shall be stored to The function has no return value Supported format D dd mm ss where D is the N or S prefix void cmpack_lontostr double lon char buf The function translates longitude in degrees to its string representation
5. 66 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ERROR MESSAGES Invalid format of time of observation The format of the observaton time is not valid Check the user manual for syntax of the date time values It is not allowed to delete the reference file It is not allowed to delete this frame from the table of input file because this is the reference file K Key not found If you see this message it is definitely a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author M Mean value of flat frame is zero The specified flat frame is not usable for flat field correction because it is completely black all pixels are set to zero Missing object s coordinates The object s equatorial coordinates are needed for this operation but they haven t been specified Missing observer s coordinates The observer s geographical coordinates are needed for this operation but they haven t been specified Open Preferences dialog and set the coordinates N No data loaded in memory The required data is not available because table is empty This error message definitely indicates a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author No file was successfully processed The operation has been completed without critical failure but no source file was processed correctly No input files There have been no input files specified on command line or in the dirfile Check the user manual for syntax of the command No stars selected
6. The first parameter specifies the input value The buf parameter is pointer to the allocated memory at least 12 bytes where the null terminated output string shall be stored to The function has no return value Supported format D ddd mm ss where D is the E or W prefix void cmpack_aztostr double az char buf The function translates azimuth in degrees to its string representation The first parameter specifies the input value The buf parameter is pointer to the allocated memory at least 16 bytes where the null terminated output string shall be stored to The function has no return value Supported format ddd mm ss XXX where XXX is replaced by direction code S SSW SW WSW W N 44 4 C MUNIPACK LIBRARY void cmpack_alttostr double alt char buf The function translates altitude in degrees to its string representation The first parameter specifies the input value The buf parameter is pointer to the allocated memory at least 10 bytes where the null terminated output string shall be stored to The function has no return value Supported format dd mm ss 4 1 2 Date and time transformations void empack_strtodate const char datestr int year int month int day The function parses a string representation of date and returns a date in form of three integer numbers representing year month and day The buf parameter is pointer to the null terminated input string th
7. The jd parameter specifies the Julian date the next two parameters are pointers to the allocated buffers at least 11 and 13 bytes where the null terminated output strings shall be stored to The function has no return value Supported formats see cmpack_timetostr and cmpack_datetostr 4 1 3 Mathematical functions void cmpack_robustmean int n float A float mean float sig The function computes robust mean value of n single precision real numbers stored in the A array The variable pointed by the mean parameter receives computed mean value while the standard deviation is passed out by the sig parameter The function has no return value void cmpack_fastsky int nx int ny float ccd int nmax float lobad float hibad float skymed float skysig The function computes rough estimation of value of sky brightness by means of the robust mean algorithm This routine is optimized to very fast estimation of frame background because it applies the robust mean algorithm to a subset of pixels of a source frame The nx and ny parameters are dimensions of the frame in pixels Frame data is given in the ccd parameter in the form of a array of single precision real numbers The nmax parameter specifies the upper limit for number of pixels used in computation There are also two values which are intended to discard bad pixels all pixels which value is less than or equal to the lobad parameter or greater than or equal to the hibad parame
8. instrumental magnitudes output format oa use the read all output format ot use the track list output format pfile optional parameter file equivalent with par Configuration files Example munilist ini The following command creates table of brightness of the star 2 stored on second posi tion in photometry files relative to the star 3 The output in short format is required the magnitudes will be differential instrumental magnitues V C C cmunipack bin gt munilist 2 3 testl mat test2 mat test3 mat testl mat test2 mat test3 mat C cmunipack bin gt type data dat JD V C sl Aperture 2 00 Filter Clear 2452909 31733 0 134 0 004 2452909 33373 0 147 0 004 2452909 35161 0 164 0 004 C Munipack bin gt _ 3 3 Other programs 3 3 1 Autoflat Flat frame composition The Autoflat program compose a set of flat fields and performs one flat field called master flat The source frames are normalized to brigtness defined level 10000 by default Then it computes the robust mean algorithm to the corresponding pixels to get the resulting value Applying this function you can achieve high quality correction frame to reduce the noise The separate correction frame has to be used for each filter if the color fliters were used Avoid eventual camera rotation on its mount All source frames must be in FITS format and of same dimensions Frames of the same color filter and exposition duratio
9. 017 O27 e 52909 35 52909 40 52909 45 52909 50 52909 55 52909 60 52909 65 yo A 2 1 BASIC PROCESSING OF THE OBSERVATION 9 12 Press the Save data button Locate the folder where you want to save the data file with the results and set the name of the output file Close the dialog by clicking on the Close button The output file contains on the first two lines the heading then the table containing data Each image corresponds to one row in the table in the first column is full Julian date the second one contains the relative brightness of the variable star in comparison to the comparison star and the third one contains the error of the brightness In the following columns are saved the brightness and the errors of the comparison star and the control stars for more detailed description see the documentation of the Munilist program JD V C sl V C1 s2 V C2 s3 C C1 s4 C C2 s5 C1 C2 s6 Aperture 1 Filter Clear JD geocentric 2452909 31733 0 528 0 007 1 822 0 014 2 024 0 016 1 294 0 014 1 496 0 016 0 202 0 020 2452909 35161 0 465 0 007 1 721 0 015 1 977 0 016 1 256 0 015 1 512 0 017 0 256 0 021 2452909 39432 0 371 0 007 1 644 0 014 1 871 0 016 1 273 0 014 1 500 0 016 0 227 0 020 2452909 43330 0 253 0 006 1 549 0 011 1 758 0 012 1 296 0 011 1 505 0 012 0 209 0 015 2452909 47561 0 084 0 007 1 364 0 013 1 588 0 015 1 280 0 013 1 504 0 015 0 224 0 018 2452909 52520 0 140 0 00
10. 736 0 026 C cmunipack bin gt type amass0001 dat JD V C sl V C1 s2 V C2 s3 C C1 s4 C C2 s5 C1 C2 s6 AIRMASS Aperture 1 Filter I JD geocentric 2453868 39368 1 164 0 017 1 750 0 025 1 949 2453868 39484 1 191 0 018 1 706 0 025 1 933 2453868 39598 1 138 0 017 1 736 0 026 1 918 C Munipack bin gt _ Example 2 Compute value of airmass coefficient for V1011 Her a 18529 328 22 34 24 The observation was made in Brno Czech republic A 16 40 16 6667 to the east of the zero meridian and 49 13 49 2167 to the north of the equator Julian date of observation is JD 2453868 39368 UT C cmunipack bin gt airmass airmass C Munipack 1 1 7 This is terminal mode Enter h command for help or q for exit Object s coordinates have not been set yet R A 182932 Enter R A 18 29 32 DEC 223424 Enter DEC 22 34 24 LON 16 6667 Enter LON E 16 40 00 LAT 49 2167 Enter LAT N 49 13 00 JD 2453868 39368 Enter Julian date 2453868 3937 Date amp time 2006 05 12 21 26 53 952 UT Az alt 270 22 45 E 30 47 18 Airmass X 1 949 JD q Enter Exiting terminal mode C Munipack bin gt _ 4 C Munipack library The C Munipack library provides high level interface for operating on CCD data It allows to use all functions from the C Munipack project in user s application It is used by the Muniwin program and it is also intended for
11. Optionally the program uses catalogues of variable stars to search the object s coordinates which are neccessary for computation of heliocentric correction and air mass coefficient The catalogue files are not included in the packages but they are freely available at the following locations e Sternberg Astronomical Institute General Catalogue Of Variable Stars http www sai msu su groups cluster gcvs gcvs index htm e Zejda M a kol Katalog BRKA http var astro cz brno GNU Free Documentation License Version 1 2 November 2002 Copyright 2000 2001 2002 Free Software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin St Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed Preamble The purpose of this License is to make a manual textbook or other functional and useful document free in the sense of freedom to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it with or without modifying it either commercially or noncommercially Secondarily this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others This License is a kind of copyleft which means that derivative works of the document must them selves be free in the same sense It complements the GNU General Public License which is a copyleft license designed for free softw
12. all files or the selected ones If you wish to convert files to temporary folder check Fetch convert files In order to perform the frames time correction check Do time correction and enter the time period in seconds to the editing field By similar way specify all the steps of reduction process you want to proceed along Click on the Process button to start the reduction process Process all files in the project C selected files only X Cancel IV Fetch convert files 7 Help TF Do time correction TF Do dark frame correction O M M Do flat frame correction c Munipack samples flat Flatc st E Y Run photometry Y Match stars using reference frame using catalogue frame 2 8 7 Make catalogue file In the Tools menu select the Make catalogue file item New dialog is open Enter the basic data of the observed object to editing fields If you share your catalogues with other observers complete the information about observer and instrument you used It is only required to enter the star name into the field Confirm by the OK button The catalogue file and the reference frame is saved into catalogue folder It is the cat subdirectory in the application directory by default but the path can be changed in the preferences zi Catalogue file name CR Cas Clear Dbject s designation CR Cas x Cancel RA 2000 23 04 52 DEC 2000 59 33 57 Observer s name David Motl Observatory Vyskov Mar
13. compute automatically the brightness and contrast of displayed image Uncheck the box if you want to use the values stored in the file header e Invert switches positive and negative display rendering Joxi Files Corrections Photometry Matching Plotting Tools Windows Help DY BDF 45 28 2 Input files e lt gt A ca tmpOO006 ts Date 2003 09 27 Time 00 36 07 000 Filter Clear Size 382 x 255 px Background 336 Range 432 C JMunipackisamplesidatalcrcas06 5T7 A 2 2 2 Preview window The preview window allows user to further inspect the content of a CCD frame or a result of reduction process The dialog window is open by double click on one of the files in the table of the input files On the basis on the current state of the reduction process it is automatically decided whether an original frame a temporary frame or a photometry file shall be displayed The preview window can be open also from the context menu Open item in this case it allows user to choose which style of preview shall be displayed by selecting corresponding item in the submenu Click the Close button to close the dialog It is possible to export a frame to a file in the JPEG PNG TIFF or BMP format the Export button The Print feature is also supplied 12 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM Displaying the CCD frame The information is arranged in the three pages which are switched by tabs on the upper part
14. dialog by pressing the OK button Flat frame correction gt Munipack Cancel amp samples Help I Show preview Autocontrast Invert m Modify all files in project Date 2003 05 30 Time 19 37 28 Filter Clear C selected files only 8 After all necessary corrections comes the photometry of the images e g finding the stars and determining their brightness From the Photometry menu choose the Photometry option and in the dialog press the OK button After finishing the processing of the images the number of the stars found on each of the images will be written to the file table MuniWin o x Files Corrections Photometry Matching Plotting Tools Windows Help D vV RDF o o tana N 2 Input files tmp00001 srt 2003 09 26 19 36 47 Photometry processed tmpO00002 srt 2003 09 26 20 26 09 Photometry processed tmp00003 srt 2003 09 26 21 27 39 Photometry processed tmpO00004 srt 2003 09 26 22 23 47 Photometry processed tmpO0005 srt 2003 09 26 23 24 43 Photometry processed tmpO0006 srt 2003 09 27 00 36 07 Photometry processed tmp00007 srt 2003 09 27 01 20 39 Photometry processed tmpO0008 srt 2003 09 27 01 59 03 Photometry processed tmp00009 srt 2003 09 27 02 37 38 Photometry processed tmp00010 srt 2003 09 27 03 11 21 Photometry processed tmp00011 srt 2003 09 27 03 48 00 Photometry processed 9 Now shall be done the composition of the pho
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16. filter Avoid eventual camera rotation on its mount The correction frame must be saved in one of supported image formats the program automatically ensures the conversion if neccessary Click on the Flat correction in the Corrections menu The dialog windows appears Find the directory and select the file with the flat frame Press the OK button If you are procesing data carried out from several observations then you will need an individual correction frame for each observation In this case perfomm the correction step by step In the table of input files select the frames open correction dialog check the Modify selected files only only option select the corresponding flat frame and start the correction Repeat the steps for each series of frames Selecting file containing the CCD image in supported format from the list an image preview with a brief information is shown at the left bottom of the dialog window The preview features can be modified by selecting the check boxes 18 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM e Preview turns the preview display on and off It s a good idea to turn off the preview on slow computers e Autocontrast check on if you want the program to compute automatically the brightness and contrast of displayed image Uncheck the box if you want to use the values stored in the file header e Invert switches positive and negative display rendering Flat frame correction E 10 xi Use flat frame 1
17. have been placed and close the dialog by the Open button General options Allows to modify the Muniwin application configuration and the user interface setting Tools Pref erences Save process logs to file switches on and off the message logging stored during the computa tion process The files have the log extension and are located in temporary folder see below off Debug mode verbose process logs this option switches on and off debug mode of processing outputs In this mode which is intended mainly for debugging purposes all print outs are very extensive off e Do not save image files to catalogue folder check this option to supress saving of the image files into the catalogue folder off Directory with temp files the path to the folder where the temporary files are stored This is the tmp subdirectory in the application directory by default Directory with cat files the path to the folder where the catalogue files are stored This is cat subdirectory in the application directory by default Directory with res files the path to the folder for the output files This is results subdi rectory in the application directory by default Electronic help language to select language of the help Photometry options The parameters of the photometry process can be set in Tools Preferences Photometry options Among many parameters of the aperture photometry procedure a special attention
18. image will be displayed The star nearest to the cursor of the mouse is marked with a cross On the image click on the measured variable star and a comparison star respectively you can also add several control stars If using the demo data use the stars according to the following picture Ad e x e A p fA ad AIP eae gt ee wre r po sew 5 E A EN we e A PARA 2 P e e O stas Y hoc 19 e gt EJ 40 ae Rir s OK j n e e 3 P A ear ss ry eer Save image file gt e 2 es ith en ore ih A Pla dE gt F LD v o e z e a Help gt r A Selected star tow 73 X 297 Y 247 The variable star tow 8 X 209 Y 146 13 81 0 01 mag The comparison star tow 6 X 231 Y 162 13 67 0 00 mag The check star 1 row 36 X 225 Y 174 14 98 0 01 mag oe 11 Confirm your choice by clicking on the OK button The program will compute the brightness of the chosen stars and displays the light curve a graph of the relative brightness of the variable star according to the comparison star in depence of the time measured in the shortened Julian date JD 2400000 0 A MAG le E us A Save data Save image 0 4 Print graph Help 0 34 I Show errors Columns 0 24 ai JD 2452909 479 V C 0 11 mag Selected point JD 2452909 47561 V C 0 081 0 007 mag Frame tmp00005 fts 0 0
19. is terminal mode Enter h command for help or q for exit Object s coordinates have not been set yet R A 2200 Enter R A 22 00 00 DEC 5810 Enter DEC 58 10 00 JDgeo 2452909 31733 Enter JD geoc 2452909 31733 Date amp time 2003 09 26 19 36 57 312 UT Hel corr 0 00267 d 3 min 50 909 s JD hel 2452909 32000 Date amp time 2003 09 26 19 40 48 221 UT JDhel q Enter Exiting terminal mode C Munipack bin gt _ 3 3 4 Munifind Finding variable stars The Munifind program is the useful tool used in semi automatic scaning of variable stars in the series of source files Itis based on the relation between the standard deviations of the brightness of the stars and their mean brightness The program reads all photometry files and compute the mean brightness and standard deviations of brightness of all stars The algorithm automatically removes stars that are missing on majority of source frames threshold parameter The comparison star is automaticaly selected or given by a optional parameter The output file is saved in text format and contains the table of mean magnitudes and standard devia tions Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin src file the program will read the source data from a single file ref n index of reference file autodetection par file optional parameter file munifind ini out fil
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21. men ps gineta e pn a a a e a a E ee 29 29 1 Show message log s cass ce torne de ge a oan aa E a a e a 29 219 2 Show results tcl ra Se hs ete a a eee ee eel eee 29 2 9 3 Show catalogue files o e 30 2 10 The Help menu mico diia a ink da o dd A a a 30 20 1 Open helpss 4 st ts wee Se es oe we Se a ee ese eee a 30 2 10 2 About MUMWIN 2 0 0 0 e E a a ee ee 30 3 Command line interface 31 3 1 Generic parameters and syntax rules a 31 3 2 Reduction pipeline a 31 3 2 1 Konve CCD image conversion o oo 000000 e eae 31 3 2 2 Timebat Time correction 2 2 2 ee 32 3 2 3 Darkbat Dark frame correction 0 00002 pees 33 3 2 4 Flatbat flat frame correction 0 00 eee ee eee 33 3 2 5 Muniphot Photometry 2 2 0 0 000 34 3 2 6 Munimatch Matching files o 00020000004 35 3 2 7 Munilist Making light curve 2 2 o o e 35 3 3 Other programs 0 ti es Ge tee Sd Ha A a 36 3 3 1 Autoflat Flat frame composition o e 36 3 3 2 Meandark Dark frame COMPpoSItI0ON o 37 3 3 3 Helcor Heliocentric correction o 38 3 3 4 Munifind Finding variable stars o o 39 3 3 5 Airmass Computing airmass coefficient o a 40 4 C Munipack library 42 4 1 Auxiliary functions 42 4 1 1 Coordinate transfo
22. of dout0001 fts dout0002 fts dout0003 fts will be generated All described programs supports this generic parameters h help prints short help 1 license prints the license v version prints the program name and its version q quiet quiet mode inhibits the screen printouts debug debug mode extends the screen printouts The list of input files is usualy entered directly on the command line If you are going to process a large set of files you can use the question marks for a single chars or the asterisk for a strings of chars The alternate way how to process a large set of files is the batch mode In this mode the list of input files is read from a given file or from the standard input The directory file for example named dirfile txt must have the text format and the names of the input files are written on the separate lines If the files are placed not in the current working directory you have to specify the proper path in full or shortened form Such file is created by the following command dir b st7 gt dirfile txt 3 2 Reduction pipeline 3 2 1 Konve CCD image conversion The Konve program converts CCD frames from the format used by camera controling software to FITS format The correction of time of observation or image flipping can be applied also The program can be run in several modes the mode is selected by command line parameters Besides the usual conversion mode it allows printi
23. of the apertures no 1 12 0 the aperture shall not be used e IS inner radius of the aperture for measuring the brightness of the sky 20 e OS outer radius of the aperture for measuring the brightness of the sky 30 5 5 2 Munifind ini Parameters for searching the variables The parameters used in the Munifind function are stored in this file e APERTURE number of the aperture used from 1 to 12 1 e THRESHOLD this value determines the percentage of the measurements in the set of the input files that are needed so that the star can be added to the output file 30 5 5 3 Munilist ini Parameters of the output files This file contains the parameters for the Munilist function e APERTURE no of the aperture used 1 e OUTFORM format of the output file O differential mag 1 instrumental mag 0 62 5 FILES 5 5 4 Munimatch ini Parameters for the matching function This file contains the parameters for the Munimatch function RSTARS number of stars from the reference file which will be used for matching 10 ISTARS number of vertexes of the searched for polygons 5 CLIP threshold for determining the inaccuracy of the polygons in the multiplies of standard deviation sigma 2 5 5 5 5 Muniphot ini Photometry options In this file the parameters for the Muniphot function are saved READNS the level of the noise per one image in ADU 15 00 GAIN the number of electro
24. open correction dialog check the Modify selected files only option select the corresponding dark frame and start the correction Repeat the steps for each frame series Selecting file containing the CCD image in supported format from the list an image preview with a brief information is shown at the left bottom of the dialog window The preview features can be modified by selecting the check boxes e Preview turns the preview display on and off It s a good idea to turn off the preview on slow computers e Autocontrast check on if you want the program to compute automatically the brightness and contrast of displayed image Uncheck the box if you want to use the values stored in the file header e Invert switches positive and negative display rendering lola Use dark frame B cs 3 Munipack amp data m Modify all files in project Date 2005 05 13 Time 21 04 24 000 C selected files only 2 4 3 Flat correction This correction always follows the dark frame correction The flat frame is carried out when the camera is pointed to uniformly illuminated background It eliminates variable gain of camera s chip CCD elements and also the optical system unbalanced sensitivity To reduce the noise and increase the quality of photometry you can combine a sequence of flat frames to obtain a Master flat frame The separate correction frame has to be used for each
25. probably a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author Frame not found The required frame is not available for reading If you see this message it is definitely a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author 65 G General error If you see this message it is definitely a bug in the software This is critical failure Something is wrong but the program cannot recognize the reason Please send a bug report to the author Input frames are not compatible different sizes The operation could not be completed because some of the source frames in the set have different size width or height This error is issued if you are trying to make a master flat frame or a master dark frame from a set of incompatible frames Insufficient memory The allocation of memory buffer failed It can indicate invalid value in the source frame or data file for example too large size of the frame If you see this message it is definitely a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author Invalid data in source file Invalid value was found in the body of the file This error indicates the corruption of the input file Invalid dimensions of image A dimension width or height of the specified frame is not valid This error indicates the corruption of the input file Invalid format of date of observation The format of the observaton date is not valid Check the user manual for syntax of the date time value
26. read the list of source files from stdin mask mask mask of output file s amass dat filel names of source files no wildcards ra hhmmss dec ddmmss lon dddmmss lat dddmmss omask cx E object s right ascension object s declination observer s longitude observer s latitude name of output file s equivalent with mask counter initial value 1 reverse mode jdhel jdgeo 3 3 OTHER PROGRAMS 41 Configuration files None Terminal mode commands ra hhmmss Sets right ascension dec ddmmss Sets declination lon dddmmss observer s longitude lat dddmmss observer s latitude h nebo Prints short help empty line Prints current coordinates q Exits program Example 1 The program adds values of airmass coefficient to the table stored in data dat file and the resulting table stores in helioc dat file The object s coordinates are a 1829328 6 22 34 24 the observer s coordinates are A 16 40 16 6667 to the east of the zero meridian and 49 13 49 2167 to the north of the equator C cmunipack bin gt airmass lon 16 6667 lat 49 2167 ra 182932 dec 223424 data dat airmass C Munipack 1 1 7 data dat gt amass0001 dat C cmunipack bin gt type data dat JD V C sl V C1 s2 V C2 s3 C C1 s4 C C2 s5 C1 C2 s6 Aperture 1 Filter I JD geocentric 2453868 39368 1 164 0 017 1 750 0 025 2453868 39484 1 191 0 018 1 706 0 025 2453868 39598 1 138 0 017 1
27. result of last operation etc This attributes are actualized after each step during reduction process Context menu which is open by click on right mouse button within the table consists of many useful features which allows to modify the appearance of the table The list can be set to one of three modes The Table mode lol Files Corrections Photometry Matching Plotting Tools Windows Help Devl DF Hv Qq w 2 Input files Date and time Filter Stars Results cicas01 st cicasO2 st crcas03 st crcasl4 st crcasO5 st crcas06 st cicasO7 st crcas08 st cicas09 st cicas10 st cicas11 st In this mode the content of the table is presented in simple table form The small icon in the first column indicates the process state or the error generated in the last procedure respectively More further informations about a frame is displayed in the Properties dialog the right mouse button click on any row select the Properties in the pop up menu By selecting the other items in this menu you can open the selected frame as an image or an chart in full resolution At the bottom of the window the status bar is placed showing the full path and name of the source file corresponding to the selected frame To display nonstandard columns i e date and time of observation in julian date mode temperate etc click on the right mouse button open the Data shown item The dialog window opens Ch
28. should be payed to the following FWHM and the Threshold These parameters control mainly the detection of stars on the CCD frames FWHM is the abbreviation of the term Full Width at Half Maximum inspect the stars on the frame to determine the proper value By decreasing the FWHM value the fainter stars will be found It is to be pointed out that too small value may take the artefacts on the background as regular stars The Threshold value sets the distance between the finest stars detected and the background sky noise The value is entered in sigma units 28 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM Read noise readout noise in electrons you should enter the proper value stated in the camera s documentation Gain number of electrons per ADU you should enter the proper value stated in the camera s documentation Low good datum lowest good datum of pixel in sigmas 7 00 High good datum highest goot datum of pixel in ADU 65535 00 for 16bit cameras FWHM of object expected full width at half maximum of the stars for first tries use the default value 3 00 Threshold the finest stars detection threshold eliminating out the artefacts in sigmas for first tries use the default value 4 00 Low sharpness cutoff low sharpness cutoff 0 20 High sharpness cutoff high sharpness cutoff 1 00 Low roundness cutoff low roundness cutoff 1 00 High roundness cutoff high roudness cutoff 1 00 Aperture optio
29. t consist of valid julian date are copied into output without any change In other cases the heliocentric correction is computed its value is added to or subtracted from read julian date and the old JD value is replaced by the new one in the same form full or short form number of decimal places The rest of the line remains unchanged In terminal mode the opening informations is displayed and the program prompts the user to enter object s coordinates First specify right ascension R A a confirm by the Enter key By the same way the declination DEC is set up The value is printed out as response to the command After setting up coordinates entering of a julian date is expected JDgeo gt or JDhe1 gt The user enters the julian date confirms by the Enter key and the program computes the value of heliocentric correction and prints out to console three values the geocentric and the heliocentric julian date and value of h c in days Other commands are descibed below Entering the q command exits the program Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin mask mask mask of output file s hkor dat filel names of source files no wildcards ra hhmmss object s right ascension hhmmss or hhmm dec ddmmss object s declination ddmmss ddmm ddmmss or ddmm omask name of output file s equivalent with mask SEx counter ini
30. which presents system for CCD frames reduc tion starts with source files conversion into the image format with computation of light curve of the selected stars 2 1 Basic processing of the observation The following procedure is the basic procedure for processing the observation of the short periodic variable stars From the internet pages of this project the package with demo data can be dowloaded this set of data can be used for testing this procedure Unpack the dowloaded archive to any empty folder at your hard disk 1 Launch the Muniwin program click on the Start button select Programs folder and in the Muniwin folder click on the Muniwin icon iix Files Corrections Photometry Matching Plotting Tools Windows Help DBtv H DF ol Hvl QAn v Input files FileName Dateandtime Temp Fite Stas r 2 From the Files menu choose Clear files You will be asked for confirmation press the Yes button The table of files in the window Input files should be now clear 3 From the Files menu choose option Add files With this dialog the images are inserted into the table of the input files In the left window find the folder containing the data the demo data are stored in the data subfolder If you want to add all the files from the folder push the All button If you don t want to mark the desired files in the table using a mouse You can also use the dialog for choosing the files based on their p
31. 6 1 167 0 010 1 364 0 012 1 307 0 010 1 504 0 012 0 197 0 014 2452909 55612 0 226 0 006 1 062 0 011 1 292 0 012 1 288 0 011 1 518 0 012 0 230 0 015 2452909 58279 0 165 0 006 1 136 0 011 1 334 0 012 1 301 0 011 1 499 0 012 0 198 0 015 2452909 60958 0 034 0 006 1 244 0 011 1 451 0 012 1 278 0 011 1 485 0 012 0 207 0 015 2452909 63300 0 059 0 007 1 356 0 012 1 566 0 014 1 297 0 012 1 507 0 014 0 210 0 017 2452909 65845 0 167 0 011 1 445 0 023 1 665 0 027 1 278 0 023 1 498 0 027 0 220 0 034 10 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM 2 2 The application s main window After the initialisation of the program the application s main window opens The main window consists of the menu bar the tool bar for quick access to frequently used functions and table of input files The program saves its present state to the project file located in the temporary folder so the last state is automatically restored after initialisation phase 2 2 1 The table of input files The table of input files is displayed in the program s main window In the first step of the reduction process the source image files are inserted to this table Those files can be located in different directories so you can process the images observed in different nights without necessity of copying them into one folder Each row in the table contains many attributes except source file name e g current state indicator temporary file name photometry file name
32. 9 03 UT 20 00 s 9 8 deg C Clear 6 During the conversion a new window will be opened in which the state of the process is displayed all the information is also presented there This window will be automatically closed after finishing the process Wait for the conversion of all the files to finish After finishing the icon in the file table will be changed the information about the time of observation the length of the exposition and the used filter will be added In case some of the files could not be converted the file will be marked with a special icon and in the Result column the error message will be reported LIM la Files Corrections Photometry Matching Plotting Tools Windows Help DFVYIBDF o 45 8 2 Input files 2003 09 26 19 36 47 2003 09 26 20 26 09 2003 09 26 21 27 39 2003 09 26 22 23 47 2003 09 26 23 24 43 2003 09 27 00 36 07 2003 09 27 01 20 39 2003 09 27 01 59 03 2003 09 27 02 37 38 2003 09 27 03 11 21 W tmp00011 tts 2003 09 27 03 48 00 7 In the next step make all the necessary corrections of the images The demo data needs only flat field correction because the rest of the corrections was done automatically during the 2 1 BASIC PROCESSING OF THE OBSERVATION 7 observation From the Corrections menu choose the Flat field option Search and mark the file containing a flat field correction image in the demo data use the flat20v st7 file from the subfolder flat and close the
33. EAR Kee he era 462 042 17 61 0 00 0 002 0 002 0 002 0 002 2 SLAG V26 232 323 12 588 12 408 122307 12 279 459 838 20 55 0 00 0 003 0 002 0 002 0 003 C Munipack bin gt _ 3 2 6 Munimatch Matching files The Munimatch finds corresponding stars in two photometry files One file is refered as reference file the second one is called source file The output of the matching process is the photometry file which the stars from source file is written in but their order is changed so corresponding stars are on the same indices in output and reference files Instead of a reference file which is usually one frame from a sequence being processed a catalogue file in XML format can be used The source and output files have to be in photometry file format The reference file should be in photometry or catalogue file format optionally If a set of files is processed then the reference file is common for all sources Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin ref file name of reference or catalogue file par file name of parameter file munimatch ini imagel names of source files no wildcards pfile optional parameter file equivalent with par Configuration files Munimatch ini Example The following command matches tmp0001 srt as source file and ref srt as reference file and the output writes to tmp0001 mat C cmunipack b
34. FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE 7 AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium is called an aggregate if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation s users beyond what the individual works permit When the Document is included in an aggregate this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate the Document s Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate 8 TRANSLATION Translation is considered a kind of modification so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permis sion from their copyright holders but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections You may include a translation of this License and all the license notices in the Document an
35. Ing David Motl C Munipack 1 1 User s manual Copyright 2007 Ing David Motl Translation David Motl Jitka Kudrnacova and Petr Lut cha Version 1 7 January 20 2007 Permission is granted to copy distribute and or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Version 1 2 published by the Free Software Foundation with no Invari ant Sections no Front Cover Texts and no Back Cover Texts Introduction At the begining of the 21st century astronomical photometry has changed a lot Instead of visual and photoelectric observation the observers began to use CCD cameras The CCD cameras became cheaper and therefore more affordable even for amateur astronomers This gave rise to the demand for software tool for processing the CCD data which would be available for the amateur astronomer user friendly but also using reliable algorithms In April 2003 the C Munipack Project was started its goal was to supply astronomers with powerful but also user friendly tool for processing their CCD data At the time two similar tools existed MuniDOS a text mode program which is somewhat limited by the user interface Additionaly according to the authors the program is not using modern algorithms and no future development is planned The other available was Munipack written partly in Fortran and partly in C Munipack is modern and still maintained but there were several disadvantages the users of the Windows ope
36. M half width of the profile in horizontal direction in vertical direction and average of the previous two values respectively SNR ratio of the integral signal of the star to std deviation of the sky level expressed in magnitudes the SNR value equal to 2 5 mag means that the signal of the star is 100 times greater then noise of its background Displaying the photometry file The information is arranged in two pages which are switched by the tabs on the upper part of the dialog The chart is displayed on the first page The diameters of circles correspond to the magnitudes of stars Stars which could not be measured are painted in red color The second page consists of complete listing of all items from the header C Cmunipack tmp tmp00005 mat X Close Export Print Help Aperture Selected star 6 234 Y 151 3 13 80 0 005 mag By single click on a star the further data is displayed in the information panel which is located in the bottom right part of the dialog window The selected star is highlited by yellow color and labeled by its ordinal number You can also change the index of aperture used by means of the Aperture control 14 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM 2 3 The Files menu 2 3 1 Clear files This function deletes all items stored in the Input files table and cleans the directory with temporary files Files menu It does not remove the source files from the disk If you want to remove a
37. Munipack bin gt _ 3 2 4 Flatbat flat frame correction The Flatbat program applies flat field correction to a set of source frames It means that it divides the source frames by the flat frame pixel by pixel and the result is multiplied by median value of the flat frame The resulting image is written to output file The source frames and also flat frame must be in FITS format and of same dimensions Frames of the same exposition duration and color filter should be used The output file is in FITS format too 34 3 COMMAND LINE INTERFACE Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin flat file name of flat frame file mask mask mask of output file s flat fts imagel names of source files no wildcards fjfile name of flat frame file equivalent with flat omask mask of output file s equivalent with mask Cx counter initial value 1 Configuration files None Example The following command applies flat frame correction to dout0001 fts using flat fts as flat frame The output is writted to fout0001 fts C cmunipack bin gt flatbat flat flat fts fout0001 fts Using flat frame flat fts dout0001 fts gt fout0001 fts C Munipack bin gt _ 3 2 5 Muniphot Photometry The Muniphot program applies photometry to a single frame or a set of frames The output is written in text format to a file Such
38. S 53 4 3 3 Finding variable stars This functions are designated to help the user with finding variable stars on a set of CCD frames int mfind_init const char optfile int ap int thr The function reads the configuration file and initializes the internal variables You must call the mfind_clean function when the processing was finished to free the allocated memory The optfile parameter specify the path and name of the configuration file munifind ini If NULL value is given the program uses default path and name The ap parameter is the aperture index the thr parameter is the threshold in see 3 3 4 for further details The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mfind_readsrt const char srtfile This function reads single photometry file and stores it to the memory The infile parameter specify the path and name of the file The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mfind_readall const char srcfile This function reads photometry data stored in the file in the READALL format and stores it to the memory The srcfile parameter specify the path and name of the file The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mfind_compute int ref Call this function after reading all source files It computes mean magnitude and standard deviation of the stars discarding those of poor quality The output table is stored in the memo
39. See table 5 2 for short description of columns Geocentric Julian date of observation Relative shift in horizontal direction Relative shift in vertical direction Table 5 2 Description of track list file 5 2 3 Munifind s ouput data file An output file consists of table of indices mean magnitudes and standard deviations for all detected stars Such data is intended for detecting variable stars on a set of CCD frames Magnitudes are always in differential form they are relative to the comparison star Output files are stored in the ASCII format the end of the line is represented by CR LF in the DOS MS Windows environment and by LF in the Unix Linux environment First line contains a list 5 3 PHOTOMETRY FILES 59 of column names separated by single space character Second line consists of additional information and has no special formatting it must not start by number though On the following lines the table values are stored The values are separated by tab character or single space rows are separated by the end of line character see above Parsers must ignore all additional white characters See table 5 3 for short description of columns INDEX Ordinal number of a star in the reference file MEAN _MAG Mean relative magnitude of a star STDEV Standard deviation of previous value GOODPOINTS Number of measurements used for computation Table 5 3 Description of munifind s output file 5 3 Photometry fi
40. a ee cs 2 Munipack x Cara gt samples Help M Show preview Y Autocontrast Y Invert m Modify all files in project Date 2003 05 30 Time 19 37 28 Filter Clear C selected files only 2 5 The Photometry menu 2 5 1 Photometry The function performs the aperture photometry of the input frames All neccessary corrections have to be done prior the start The results of photometry photometry files are stored in the folder for temporary files with srt extension The file contains the data of position and brightness of each star on the source frame Select Photometry in the Photometry menu to open dialog window containing the option whether to process all files in the table or the selected ones only Click on the OK button to start the process During processing information messages are shown in the special dialog window Finally the pro gram actualizes the table of input files and inserts data to column Stars the number of stars found on each input frame LLM a Files Corrections Photometry Matching Plotting Tools Windows Help DY BDF o e E a 2 Input files 2003 09 26 19 36 47 Photometry processed 2003 09 26 20 26 09 Photometry processed tmp00003 srt 2003 09 26 21 27 39 Photometry processed tmp00004 srt 2003 09 26 22 23 47 Photometry processed tmp00005 srt 2003 09 26 23 24 43 Photometry processed impD0D06 srt 2003 09 27 00 36 07 Ph
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42. an item to open a chart in full resolution The preview shows the chart or the image if present the variable and the comparison stars are marked and labeled 2 10 The Help menu 2 10 1 Open help Click on Help Open help to open the electronic help By pressing F7 button everywhere in the pro gram the context help can be opened too The language of the help can be selected in the Preferences dialog 2 10 2 About Muniwin Opens the dialog with the information about the program version and origin of the program 3 Command line interface This section decribes the using of the programs of the C Munipack package which are invocated from a command line interface There allows to execute the reduction process from the command line or shell user application batch or script In the text all keywords are printed in teletype style the phrases which shall be replaced by a parameter value number file name etc are marked up by cursive font Default values of parameters are places in the square brackets 3 1 Generic parameters and syntax rules The mask parameters allows to set the naming of output files The mask consists of letters numbers and other characters allowed in the file name by the operating system The special meaning has the question mark or the sequence of it They will be replaced by the ordinal number of the output file the number is always indented by leading zeros to the same number of decimal places as the number
43. are We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software because free software needs free documentation a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does But this License is not limited to software manuals it can be used for any textual work regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference 1 APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS This License applies to any manual or other work in any medium that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License Such a notice grants a world wide royalty free license unlimited in duration to use that work under the conditions stated herein The Document below refers to any such manual or work Any member of the public is a licensee and is addressed as you You accept the license if you copy modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law A Modified Version of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it either copied verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language A Secondary Section is a named appendix or a front matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document s overall subject or to rel
44. arison star etc When a catalogue file is used instead of a reference file in matching phase of reduction the selection is automatically restored from that file Catalogue files are saved in XML based format The EXPAT library has been used for reading the files in XML based formats see the References section for details File structure cat_file root element of XML document Attributes None Model info selection stars info file header Attributes None Model object ra2000 dec2000 observer observatory telescope camera filter fov ori entation comment object ra2000 dec2000 object s designation and coordinates optional Attributes None Model PCDATA observer observatory observer s name observatory optional Attributes None Model FPCDATA telescope camera filter Description of telescope camera filter optional Attributes None Model PCDATA fov orientation field of view width x height rotation optional Attributes None Model PCDATA comment user comments Attributes None Model PCDATA selection table of selected stars Attributes None Model select 5 5 CONFIGURATION FILES 61 select assigns designation to a star by its identifier Variable star is labelled as var comparison star gt comp check stars chk1 chk2 etc Attributes id identifier label designation Model Empty stars table of all stars on the frame A
45. ated matters and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject Thus if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters or of legal commercial philosophical ethical or political position regarding them The Invariant Sections are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated as being those of Invariant Sections in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none The Cover Texts are certain short passages of text that are listed as Front Cover Texts or Back Cover Texts in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License A Front Cover Text may be at most 5 words and a Back Cover Text may be at most 25 words 71 A Transparent copy of the Document means a machine readable copy represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or for images composed of pixels generic paint programs or for drawings some widely available drawing editor and that is sui
46. ation in seconds The last parameter mode sets the conversion mode see table 4 4 If the initialization is successful it returns zero Otherwise the error code is returned int konv const char in const char out This function performs conversion of the source file specified by path and name in the in parameter The output data if they are generated are stored to the file specified by out parameter If the output data are not generated in this mode the value of the second parameter can be NULL It returns zero on success or error code on failure You must call konv_init routine first to initialize the internal variables and set the conversion mode 4 2 CCD FRAME REDUCTION 47 int konv_clean void This function frees the memory allocated by calling the konv_init routine Here is the recommended order of calling the above mentioned functions Names of the input and the output files are stored in the in and out arrays respectively konv_init NULL 0 0 0 0 NULL for i 0 i lt count itt konv in i out i NULL konv_clean NULL int konv_open void handle const char filename This function opens a file with CCD frame of any supported format and creates a descriptor which is used for accessing file data You must call the konv_close file to close the file and to free allocated memory The file can be stored in one of the supported CCD frame formats the automatic detection algorithm is used to determine the for
47. bservation optional Heliocentric correction in days optional Air mass coefficient optional Differential Difference of variable and comparison star magnitudes Error of V C value Difference of comparison and check star 1 Error of C Cl Instrumental Brightness of star 1 magnitudes E Error of MAGO Brightness of star 2 Error of MAG1 Table 5 1 Description of light curve file 5 2 2 Track list data files Track lists dependency of frame shift on observation time are usually used for determining the value of periodic error of the telescope mount A track list table consists of observation time in Julian date form followed by shifts in the horizontal X and the vertical Y axes in pixels relative to the reference frame Output files are stored in the ASCII format the end of the line is represented by CR LF in the DOS MS Windows environment and by LF in the Unix Linux environment First line contains a list of column names separated by single space character Second line consists of additional information and has no special formatting it must not start by number though On the following lines the table values are stored The values are separated by tab character or single space rows are separated by the end of line character see above Parsers must ignore all additional white characters Empty lines indicates that the corresponding frame was not successfully processed and thus shift values could not be determined
48. cat file ee B Print chart ipl Help 2 8 The Tools menu 2 8 1 Master dark The Master dark tool compose a set of dark frames and performs one dark frame called master dark Applying this function you can achieve a high quality correction frame to reduce the noise It is recommened to provide dark frames on the end of observation when the camera is enough uniformly cooled The source frames must be saved in one of supported image formats the program automatically ensures the conversion if neccessary The output file is always in FITS format Add the source dark frames to the table of input files and proceed their conversion Open the Tools menu and click on the Master dark item In the dialog window specify whether all files shall be processed or only the selected ones Confirm by the OK button In the following dialog select a directory and enter the name of output file to be saved Press the Save button 2 8 2 Master flat The Master flat tool reads a set of flat fields normalizes them to the set up level of brightness 10000 by default Then applying the robust median algorith to corresponding pixels on source frames the one flat field called master flat is composed With help of this function you can achieve high quality correction frame to reduce the noise The separate correction frame has to be used for each filter if the color fliters were used Avoid eventual camera rotation on its mount The source frames must be
49. chanice Enter informations about observed Telescope RL 300 1200 ERE tlescopa and camera used etc oe BEBK This data will be Filter Clear stored in the header part of catalogue file FOV 13x19 Orientation Notes 2 8 THE TOOLS MENU 27 2 8 8 Preferences The Preferences item in the Tools menu opens a configuration dialog used to modify the properties of the user interface related to parameters of the reduction process functions The options integrated in one functional block are assigned to an individual tab On each tab the Set defaults button is present to set the options in the current tab to default values In the following text the default values are printed out in the square brackets Backuping the configuration When you are going to do some experiments especially with photometry parameters it is advisable to back up your settings before You can achieve this simply by making copy of all files from the appli cation directory with ini extension though much simpler way is offered directly in the Preferencies dialog To backup your configuration click on the Backup button The standard dialog for saving files are open Move to the directory where the backup copy shall be placed to and close the dialog by Save button Similarly you can restore the configuration back In the Preferencies dialog press the Restore button The standard dialog for opening files are open Move to the directory where the backup files
50. d kout0003 fts C cmunipack bin gt konve crcas01 st7 crcas02 st7 crcas03 st7 KONVE Version 1 0 10 crcas01 st7 gt kout0001 fts File format Image size Date amp time Exposure Filter File format Image size Date time Exposure Filter ST 7 Compressed Image 382 x 255 pixels 2003 09 26 19 36 47 UT 20 00 s Clear ST 7 Compressed Image 382 x 255 pixels 2003 09 26 20 00 24 UT 20 00 s Clear crcas03 st7 gt kout0003 fts File format Image size Date amp time Exposure Filter ST 7 Compressed Image 382 x 255 pixels 2003 09 26 20 26 09 UT 20 00 s Clear C Munipack bin gt _ 3 2 2 Timebat Time correction The Timebat program applies time correction to the source frames It means that it adds given amount of time to the times of observation The program does not touch neither the image data nor other parameters in header The source frames and also dark frame must be in FITS format The output file is in FITS format too Parameters dirfile Q tcor sec mask mask name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin time correction in seconds mask of output file s tout fts 3 2 REDUCTION PIPELINE 33 imagel names of source files no wildcards t sec time correction in seconds equivalent with tcor omask mask of output file s equivalent with mask CX counter initial
51. d any Warranty Disclaimers provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer the original version will prevail If a section in the Document is Entitled Acknowledgements Dedications or History the re quirement section 4 to Preserve its Title section 1 will typically require changing the actual title 9 TERMINATION You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License Any other attempt to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Document is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance 10 FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE The Free Software Foundation may publish new revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns See http www gnu org copyleft Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License or any later version applie
52. developers who are going to start their own CCD data processing application On Windows operating systems the binary code is linked to the cmunipack dll file This file must be present in the same directory as the application s executable or at least on the place where the system can find it The CFitsio library is dynamically linked to this library so the cfitsio dll file is also required The Expat library is linked statically by default and thus no binaries is needed On Linux type operating system the binary code is linked to libcmunipack lt version gt so automati cally during execution of the make command and all necessary files are copied to proper folders by the make install command The CFitsio and Expat libraries are also required Definitions of constants data types and public functions are located in the public header file named cmunipack h included in the source code package 4 1 Auxiliary functions void cmpack_getversionid char buf int buflen The function stores the version identifier to the specified memory buffer The buf parameter is the pointer to the allocated memory the buflen parameter is the size of the buffer in bytes void cmpack_formaterror char buf int buflen int code The function translates the error code to its string representation The buf parameter is pointer to allocated memory the buflen parameter is the size of the buffer in bytes The code parameter specifies the error code This funct
53. dex of the comparison star Next three parameters points to the arrays where the data shall be stored to The jd array receives Julian dates the magnitudes and their errors are stored to the mag and the err arrays The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mfind_write const char outfile This function saves the table stored in the internal memory to file The outfile parameter specify the path and name of the output file The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned 54 4 C MUNIPACK LIBRARY int mfind_wdata int star const char outfile This function makes a light curve of a particular star and writes it to a file First parameter specifies the index of the star The outfile parameter is the path and name of the output file The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mfind_clean void This function frees the memory buffers allocated by the mfind_ functions 4 4 DATA TYPES AND CONSTANTS 55 4 4 Data types and constants Following constants are used on the library interface They are declared in the cmunipack h public header file 4 4 1 Error codes The constants presented in the table 4 2 are used for indication of a reason of failure MPK_MEMORY Insufficient memory MPK_CANNOT_OPEN_SRC Cannot open the source file MPK_CANNOT_OPEN_OUT Cannot open the destination file MPK_CANNOT_OPEN_PAR Cannot open the parameter fi
54. e file The result of the function is also photometry file which contains the stars from the source file but they are sorted in the order of the stars in the reference file The reference file is in most cases one frame chosen from the serie of the input frames The catalogue file can be also used instead it is special photometry file which contains the position of the stars and also the selection of variable and comparison stars A ox Use reference frame C catalogue file x cancel Select reference frame FileName gt Dateandtime Stars Help tmp00001 srt 2003 09 26 19 36 47 tmp00002 sit 2003 09 26 20 26 03 436 gd iria tmp00003 sit 2003 09 26 21 27 39 446 Pia tmp00004 sit 2003 09 26 22 23 47 607 7 Invert 2 tmp00005 srt 2003 09 26 23 24 43 387 tmp00007 srt 2 tmp00008 srt 2003 09 27 01 59 03 608 2 tmp00009 srt 2003 09 27 02 37 38 597 2 tmp00010 srt 2003 09 27 03 11 21 531 2 tmp00011 srt 2003 09 27 03 48 00 342 2 Date 2003 09 27 Time 00 36 07 000 Filter Clear Open the Matching menu and select the Match stars item In the dialog window choose the reference file select reference file option or catalogue file select catalogue file option Confirm the dialog by the OK button In most cases the best reference file has greatest number of stars detected and in the preview and there are no defects visible As well as in other dialogs the p
55. e next three parameters are pointers to the variables where the output values shall be stored to If the transformation is successful it returns zero Otherwise the MPK_INVALID_PAR code is returned Supported format yyyy mm dd void cmpack_strtotime const char timestr int hour int minute int second int milisecond The function parses a string representation of time and returns a time in form of four integer num bers representing hours minutes seconds and miliseconds The buf parameter is pointer to the null terminated input string the next four parameters are pointers to the variables where the out put values shall be stored to If the transformation is successful it returns zero Otherwise the MPK_INVALID_PAR code is returned Supported formats hh mm ss hh mm ss ssss double empack_strtojd const char datestr const char timestr The function parses a string representations of date and time and returns a full Julian date in form of double precision real number The datestr and the timestr parameters are pointers to the null terminated input strings with date and time respectively If the transformation is successful it returns Julian date Otherwise the zero value is returned Supported formats see cmpack_strtotime and cmpack_strtodate double empack_encodejd int year int month int day int hour int minute int second int milisecond The function converts a numeric representation of date and time to a Ju
56. e labeled s s2 If you want to enter new selection click on the Clear button and select the stars again The Reset button resets back the selection to the state stored in the catalogue file If you want to find a star by its number position in the file press the Show button and enter the index of the star Press and hold the right mouse button to hide the labels on the chart Confirm the selection by OK button The table of brightness is computed and the light curve graph is displayed in the separate dialog window see Plot Curve section The Stars button turns on and off the small circles which mark up the positions of all stars from the reference file The yellow and red cirles indicates the good and the invalid values of magnitude respectively ixi Y A ate Bi a a Ti Show g N w e 6 k oe ll e 3 O TA OK ea a e o a ee o Te wee Save image file a oe r te Ea y e x gt sg A s X Cancel E A e o Selected star tow 73 X 297 Y 247 The variable star tow 8 X 209 Y 146 13 81 0 01 mag The comparison star tow 6 X 231 Y 162 13 67 0 00 mag The check star 1 tow 36 X 225 Y 174 14 98 0 01 mag 2 7 2 Enter object s coordinates This item is shown in the menu only if the object s coordinates are needed in the reduction process computation of heliocentric correction or air mass coefficient The position ca
57. e name of output file munifind dat ap file aperture index 1 thr x threshold in precents 60 filel names of source files no wildcards ofile name of output file equivalent with out afile name of source file equivalent with src pfile optional parameter file equivalent with par 40 3 COMMAND LINE INTERFACE Configuration files munifind ini Example The following command demonstrates how to create a file of magnitudes and the devia tions from the source files test1 mat test2 mat and test3 mat C Munipack bin gt munifind testl mat test2 mat test3 mat testl mat test2 mat test3 mat Number of analyzed stars 588 reference star 1 Number of source files 3 Total number of data points 1013 Reference star used 1 Reference star errors 0 0 Number of good points required 2 Number of stars written to output 347 59 Number of points ruled out 0 0 Output file munifind dat C Munipack bin gt _ 3 3 5 Airmass Computing airmass coefficient The Airmass program computes value of the airmass coefficient from given julian date object s coordinates and observer s coordinates It works either in batch mode where the table stored in file is converted and saved to another file or in terminal mode where the user enters simple commands and queries by keyboard When running the batch mode the program reads the source file line by line and expects the JD value in the fir
58. easing these ex amples in parallel under your choice of free software license such as the GNU General Public Li cense to permit their use in free software
59. eck on off the columns you want to display hide and confirm the dialog by the OK button The Previews mode In this mode the small input file previews are shown in the window After one step of the reduction process is finished the previews are automatically actualised showing the result of the last step Similarly as in many other dialogs you can modify the previews properties e Autocontrast check on if you want the program to compute automatically the brightness and contrast of displayed image Uncheck the box if you want to use the values stored in the file header e Invert switches positive and negative display rendering 2 2 THE APPLICATION S MAIN WINDOW 11 axi Files Corrections Photometry Matching Plotting Tools Windows Help D Y BDF o9 45EbL 9 N 2 Input files tmp00001 fts tmp00002 fts tmp00003 fts tmp00004 fts tmpO0005 fts The Slideshow mode In this mode the image or photometry file chart in full resolution is rendered on the window After one step of the reduction process is finished the image is automatically actualised showing the result of the last step Use the arrows in the window to move to the first previous next or last frame in the table respectively You can also move to any frame by selecting it in the selection filed up right Similarly as in many other dialogs you can modify the properties of the preview e Autocontrast check on if you want the program to
60. ed XYZ means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below such as Acknowledgements Dedi cations Endorsements or History To Preserve the Title of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section Entitled XYZ according to this definition The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License but only as regards disclaiming warranties any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License 2 VERBATIM COPYING You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium either commercially or noncommercially provided that this License the copyright notices and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute However you may accept compensation in exchange for copies If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3 You may also lend c
61. ed the path and the file name correctly and the specified file exists and c you have got proper access rights for reading the file If you see this message in the Muniwin software it is probably a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author Data overflow has been occured during computation The result of computation is above its upper limit This is not critical failure but one or more pixels on the resulting frame aren t valid and they will be skipped in the following process Usually this error indicates bad quality of a dark or a flat frame used 64 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ERROR MESSAGES Data underflow has been occured during computation The result of computation is below its lower limit This is not critical failure but one or more pixels on the resulting frame aren t valid and they will be skipped in the following process Usually this error indicates bad quality of a dark or a flat frame used Default directory could not be created Please check the configuration The standard directory specified in the configuration is not valid Please open the Preferencies dialog in the Tools menu and check the specified paths Dimensions of dark frame and scientific image are different It is not allowed to use this specified dark frame for correction of the specified exposure file because they have different size width or height Dimensions of flat frame and scientific image are different It is not allowed to u
62. ent is stored to the com parameter The keylen vallen and comlen parameters specify the size of the buffers in bytes The function return zero on success or non zero value if the index is negative or beyond the end of the header Note Format independent set of virtual keys is not supported by this function int konv_g2de void handle float buf int flipx int flipy This function reads image data from the file to the array of single precision real numbers Image flipping is supported The handle parameter is the handle created by one of the konv_open functions The second param eter is the pointer to the allocated memory buffer which must be large enough to keep whole image Set the flipx and flipy parameter to non zero value to flip the image in x and y axis respectively int konv_close void handle This function closes the file and destroys the internal descriptor After calling this function the handle is no more valid and must not be used in any of the konv_xxx function The handle parameter is the handle created by one of the konv_open function The funtion returns zero on success or error code on failure Data type _background_ real Background level in ADU _bitpix_ integer Number of bits per pixel _date_ string Observation date yyyy mm dd _exposure_ real Exposure duration in seconds filter string Name of the pass band filter _height_ integer Image height in pixels _magic_ string File format descriptor _
63. er information click on the curve point by left mouse button The selected point is marked by yellow circle and the detailed information is shown at the panel right bottom part Track list graph a Ax OFFSETX X Close 5 Save data Save image 0 z Print graph Help TT Show error Columns OFFSETY JD 2452909 576 OFFSETX 6 93 2h 5 Selected point JD 2452909 55612 OFFSET 8 920 px 25 Frame tmp00007 fts 30 52909 35 52909 40 52909 45 52909 50 52909 55 52909 60 52909 65 JD To print the graph on the printer click on the Print graph to open a preview window Print button causes to open standard print dialog Confirm by the OK button You can also save the graph as JPEG PNG TIFF or BMP image to the file selecting the Save image button 2 8 5 Process new files The tool is designated for short period variables observation Using this tool it is possible to trace the variable behavior during the observation and eventually decide assisted by the continous light curve whether to resume or stop the variable scaning During the first run process the CCD frames by the standard procedure up to the selection of the stars and produce the light curve At this moment you can exit the Muniwin program it always saves the last state After acquiring a several further frames start the Muniwin program again open the Tools menu and select the Process new files item New dia
64. es in the Input files table and in the dialog check Modify selected files only option You can repeat this procedure to set proper times of observations for all source files axl Increase date and time of frames E by 3600 F seconds Y OK cyp El dave X Cancel C by differention of dates 7 Help MESA esa from 27 9 2003 0 36 07 to 27 9 2003 z 0 36 07 m Modify all files in project C selected files only 2 4 2 Dark correction This function subtract the dark frame from source files The dark frame is carried out by camera when the aperture is closed Instead of using the automatic autodark function of your CCD camera it is better to provide five to ten dark frames at the end of observation when the camera s chip is uniformly cooled Then use the Master dark function to make one composed frame to be used for correction This substantially supresses the noise The correction frame shall be saved in one of supported image formats the program automatically ensures the conversion if neccessary Click on the Dark correction in the Correction menu to open a dialog window Select the path where the dark frame file is located Press the OK button 2 4 THE CORRECTIONS MENU 17 You always should use an individual dark frame for each observation series taken from several nights Perform the correction step by step In the table of input files select the frames taken in one night
65. es not found MAT_XML_PARSE Error in the catalogue file AFL_DIFFERENET_SIZE Input frames are not compatible different sizes MDK_DIFFERENET_SIZE Input frames are not compatible different sizes MFI_TOO_FEW_DATA Too few data in source files MFI_REF_NOT_FOUND Reference star was not found Table 4 2 Error code constants 56 4 C MUNIPACK LIBRARY 4 4 2 Source file format constants The constants presented in the table 4 3 are used for identification of source file format in konv_ functions MPK_ FORMAT _UNKNOWN Unknown format MPK_FORMAT_FITS FITS image format MPK_FORMAT_SBIG ST x image format MPK_FORMAT_OES OES Astro format Table 4 3 Source file format constants 4 4 3 Conversion mode constants The constants presented in the table 4 4 are intended for specification of the working mode in konv_ functions MPK_CONVERT_NORMAL Normal conversion MPK_CONVERT_HEADER Create only header of FITS file MPK_CONVERT_INFO Print short info only MPK_CONVERT_DETAILS Print detailed info only Table 4 4 Conversion mode constants 4 4 4 Destination file format constants The following set of constants see table 4 5 is intended for specification output data format The values are given in parameter of the mlist_init function and the bitmap should contain exactly one of the constant out of format specifiers which defines file format see table 4 5 and optionally one or more modifiers from the Format modifiers categor
66. files are refered as photometry files in this paper Current version version uses aperture photometry algorithm only The source file must be in FITS format The output files are in Daophot compatible text format It does not generate coo and ap files in contrast to Muniphot of original Munipack The output files have the same name as the corresponding source files but extension is changed to srt Parameters Edirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin par file name of parameter file muniphot ini ap file name of aperture file apertures ini imagel names of source files no wildcards Configuration files Muniphot ini Apertures ini Example The following command computes photometry of fout0001 fts and stores the output to fout0001 srt file C cmunipack bin gt muniphot tmp0001 fts Image file tmp0001 fts Date time 2003 09 26 19 36 47 UT Picture size 382 x 255 pixels Sky value 310 7 25 7 ADU Mean amp median 310 7 310 7 ADU Rel error E E O 7 Stars found 354 Mag limit 18 1 0 2 per star in aperture 1 C cmunipack bin gt type tmp0001 srt NL NX NY LOWBAD HIGHBAD THRESH AP1 PH ADU RMNOISE 2 382 255 314 7 65000 0 110 15 2 00 2 30 15 00 3 2 REDUCTION PIPELINE 35 O 380 349 26 646 11 673 99 999 99 999 s ke E b ie PA 466 192 22 23 0 00 0 002 9 999 9 999 VID es 1 47 193 24 184 12 447 12 299 12 229 B
67. finished to free the memory allocated by this function The optfile parameter specify the path and name of the photometry configuration file muniphot ini the apfile parameter specify the path and name of the aperture configuration file apertures ini If NULL value is given the program uses default path and name The function returns zero on success and error code on failure int mphot const char sci const char out double jd int nostar The mphot function performs photometry on a single FITS file The source file is identified by its path and name in the sci parameter The out parameter specify the name of the output file it cannot be NULL If the jd parameter isn t NULL the time of observation is passed out through it Optionally you can set the nostar parameter to the pointer to variable where the number of the stars detected shall be stored to Zero is returned on success and error code on failure int mphot_clean void This function frees the memory buffers allocated by the mphot_init function 4 2 6 Matching stars This set of functions is intended for matching stars in a set of photometry files against one reference frame The source file must be a photometry file reference file can be either a photometry or a catalogue file The output is written always in photometry file format int match_init const char reffile const char optfile The function reads the reference file and the configuration file and initiali
68. from clipboard item By the similar way you can drag and drop files from any other file manager 2 3 3 Remove files This function removes selected rows from the table of the source files Input Files window If the window is switched to Slideshow mode it will remove currently displayed file only The function removes the links from the file table only 1t does not removes the source files physically If you want to remove all files in the table use rather Clear files function instead 2 3 4 Fetch Convert files This function starts the reduction of CCD observation It is always executed after the source files are inserted into the Input files table The program read and check the source files perform conversion to a working format if needed and store them into the temporary file folder All the following functions and tools always process those temporary files Click on the Fetch convert files in the Files menu Simple dialog window opens with one option only whether you want to fetch all files in the table or the selected ones only Click on OK button to start the conversion process Note that you also have to use this function at the beginning of conversion process if the source files are already stored in FITS format Fetch convert files E 21x Convert all files in project X Cancel Help C selected files only 16 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM 2 3 5 Open file The function is no
69. gues are not included in the installation package it is possible to download them from the internet see the References chapter The program needs to know where the appropriate files are located 2 9 The Windows menu 2 9 1 Show message log To view the messages log performed by last reduction step select the Show message log in the Win dows menu In the window context menu it is possible to copy the text to clipboard If you want to use the log printout for further processing you can set automatic saving into the files in the temporary file folder Files have 1og extension In the Tools menu open the Preferences dialog select the General tab and check the Save process logs to file option 2 9 2 Show results This window shows the content of output files directory e g data files charts They are automati cally saved into the results subdirectory in the application directory by default but the path can changed in the preferencies In the table double click to open a file prieview window Use right mouse button to open the context functions menu When the reduction process is finished it is recommended to move the files from the Results folder to other location so to avoid overwritting them by the next process The program provides three different ways copy the selected files into a directory using the Save files dialog move the selected ones using Drag and drop function or copy files via clipboard 30 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM T
70. he Save files dialog In the output files table select the files you want to save Then press right mouse button to open the context menu Select Save files The standard save dialog appears Choose a directory where you want to copy the files and confirm by the OK button The Drag amp Drop function Open Windows explorer This computer and choose the folder where the files shall be saved into In the Muniwin program open Results window and select the files Press and hold left mouse button and drag the files into the folder icon on system bar Wait till the window switches to foreground drag the files to the window area and then release the mouse button By similar way the drag and drop method can be used in other file managers The Copy amp Paste function In the Muniwin program open the Results window Select the files to copy and press the right mouse button In the context menu select Copy to clipboard Open Windows explorer This computer and choose the folder where the files shall be saved into Press the right mouse button again and select the Paste in the context menu By similar way the copy and paste method can be used in other file managers 2 9 3 Show catalogue files This window displays the content of catalogue folder Windows menu This is the cat subdirectory in the application directory by default but you can change the path in the preferences Directory with cat files on the General tab Double click on
71. his function reads single integer data from the file header The handle parameter is the handle created by konv_open function The key parameter specify which parameter shall be read The value is stored to the variable which pointer is given in the val parameter The function returns zero on success or error code on failure Note Besides the keywords stored in the file which are dependent on the file format the set of virtual keys is provided see table 4 1 int konv_getd void handle const char key double val This function reads single real number data from the file header The handle parameter is the handle created by konv_open function The key parameter specify which parameter shall be read The value is stored to the variable which pointer is given in the val parameter The function returns zero on success or error code on failure Note Besides the keywords stored in the file which are dependent on the file format the set of virtual keys is provided see table 4 1 48 4 C MUNIPACK LIBRARY int konv_gkyn void handle int index char key int keylen char val int vallen char com int comlen This function is intended for sequential reading of all data stored in the file header The handle parameter is the handle created by konv_open function The second parameter is the index of the keyword starting by zero The keyword is stored to the key buffer the value is stored to the val buffer and the comm
72. in gt munimatch ref ref srt tmp0001 srt Reference file ref srt tmp0001 srt gt tmp0001 mat Number of matched stars 268 from 354 76 Sum of square in the better case 0 1979 Tolerance 0 50 Transformation matrix 1 000 0 001 15 407 0 001 1 000 11 320 0 000 0 000 1 000 C Munipack bin gt _ 3 2 7 Munilist Making light curve The Munilist program reads photometry files and creates the table of magnitudes of selected stars in the dependence on a time The table is written to a output file in text format The format of the table depends on given parameters and on the number of selected stars The Munilist is usually the last step of reduction process The list of stars is given on command line the stars are identified by index number according to their order in the file not by the indices in the first column in the photometry file first star in the file has index 1 empty lines are included 36 3 COMMAND LINE INTERFACE Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin src file the program will read the source data from a single file var indices of variable star comparison stars and check stars par file name of parameter file munilist ini out file name of output file data dat ap n aperture index 1 imagel names of source files no wildcards os use the differential magnitudes output format default of use the
73. ion of corrected date and time shall be stored to Zero is returned on success or error code on failure int tcor_clean void Even though this function does nothing it should be called after processing because of compatibility of your code with future versions 4 2 3 Dark frame correction This functions are intended for dark frame correction of FITS frames Use the conversion functions first if the source or the correction file is saved in another format It is possible to modify the header of the original frame or to make a new FITS file int dark_init const char drk The function reads the correction frame and initializes the internal variables You must call the dark_clean function when the processing is finished to free the memory allocated by this function The drk parameter specify the path and name of the file with dark correction frame The function returns zero on success and error code on failure int dark const char sci const char out The dark function makes correction of the single FITS file The source file is identified by its path and name in the sci parameter The out parameter specify the name of the output file If the second parameter is NULL the source file will be changed Zero is returned on success and error code on failure int dark_clean void This function frees the memory buffers allocated by the dark_init function 4 2 4 Flat frame correction This functions are intended for flat frame c
74. ion supports only C Munipack s error codes greater than 1000 For translating FITSIO codes less than 1000 the CFitsio library provides its own translating function int cmpack_setoutput cmpack_cbtype cbproc int level The functions sets the message output procedure and verbosity level All messages are passed out to the callback function which must have one parameter of const char type and returns nothing The function MUST NOT free the buffer The cbproc parameter specifies the pointer to the callback function if it is set to NULL all messages will be discarded This is default behaviour The second parameter level modifies the amount of messages produced see MPK_LEVEL_xxx constants The function returns previous value of the level 4 1 1 Coordinate transformations int cmpack_strtora const char buf double ra The function translates a string representation of right ascension to a real number in angle hours The buf parameter is pointer to the null terminated input string the second parameter points to the variable where the output value shall be stored to If the transformation has been successful it returns zero Otherwise the MPK_INVALID_PAR code is returned Supported formats hh mm ss s hhmmss s or hh hhhhh int cmpack_strtodec const char buf double dec The function translates a string representation of declination to a real number in degrees The buf parameter is pointer to the null terminated input s
75. le MPK_NO_DIRFILE Dirfile not found MPK_NO_INPUT_FILES No input files MPK_NO_DATA No data loaded in memory MPK_UNKNOWN_FORMAT Unknown format of source file MPK_INVALID_SIZE Invalid dimensions of image MPK_INVALID_ PAR Invalid value of parameter MPK_INVALID_DATA Invalid data in source file MPK_INVALID_HEADER Error in header of the source file MPK_INVALID_DATE Invalid format of date or time of observation MPK_ERROR General error MPK_KEY_NOT_FOUND Key not found MPK_DATA_OVERFLOW An underflow has been occurred during computation MPK_DATA_UNDERFLOW An overflow has been occurred during computation MPK_CLOSED_FILE Operation not allowed on closed file MPK_FRAME_NOT_FOUND Frame not found MPK_INVALID_OBJRA Invalid format of right ascension MPK_INVALID_OBJDEC Invalid format of declination MPK_INVALID_OBSLON Invalid format of longitude MPK_INVALID_OBSLAT Invalid format of latitude MPK_MISSING_OBJCOORDS Missing object s equatorial coordinates MPK_MISSING_OBSCOORDS Missing observer s geographical coordinates DRK_CANNOT_OPEN_DRK Dark frame not found FLT_CANNOT_OPEN_FLT Flat frame not found FLT_DIFFERENET_SIZE Dimensions of flat frame and scientific image are different FLT_MEAN_ZERO Mean value of flat frame is zero FLT_DIVZERO An zero value has been occurred on flat frame MAT_CANNOT_OPEN_REF Reference file not found MAT_FEW_POINTS_REF Too few stars in the reference file MAT_FEW_POINTS_SRC Too few stars in the source file MAT_MATCH_NOT_FOUND Coincidenc
76. le and the detailed information are displayed at the panel right bottom part To print the graph on the printer click on the Print graph to open a preview window The Print button causes to open a standard print dialog Confirm by the OK button You can also save the graph as JPEG PNG TIFF or BMP image to the file by selecting the Save image button 2 7 4 View chart This dialog window shows the chart of last used selection of the stars On the window background the reference frame or the catalogue file is displayed and the stars are coloured and labeled by the same way as in the Choose stars dialog You can save the chart to JPEG PNG TIFF or BMP image or print on the printer Also the new catalogue file can be created from this dialog In the Plotting menu select the View chart to open dialog window If you want to save the chart into the image file click on the Save image button and in the standardised save dialog specify a directory and enter the file name Confirm by the Save button The charts are saved in the same directory as ouput data files see the section 2 9 2 by default This files are accessible in the Results dialog If you want to print the chart on the printer press the Print chart button The preview window appears In the window press Print button which opens a standard print dialog Confirm by the OK button 2 8 THE TOOLS MENU 23 C Cmunipack tmp tmp0o006 fts 0 Save image ie e e Ds Make
77. les Photometry files are made by the photometry phase during the reduction of CCD frames The pho tometry file consists of a header which carries important information on the corresponding frame and a list of all detected stars and their photometry data magnitudes and errors Output file of the matching routine is stored to another set of files they have the same format and can be distinguished by an extension Files saved by photometry have the srt extension and files generated by matching program have the mat extension Photometry files are stored in the ASCII format the end of the line is represented by CR LF in the DOS MS Windows environment and by LF in the Unix Linux environment The header is always stored on the first three lines In the first line there is a list of keywords which define meaning of values written on the next line see following table 5 4 The position of keywords mentioned in the table is decisive but values and keywords can be aligned to the left or to the right Empty space must be filled by space characters Third line must be always empty Note Because this format is not extensible it has been designed to be superseded in the version 1 2 in favour of new XML based format Keyword Positions Dese piion Format version always 2 Frame width in pixels 10 13 Frame height in pixels 15 21 Lowest valid pixel value in ADU 23 29 Highest valid pixel value in ADU 31 37 Threshold 39 45 Radiu
78. lian date The parameters specify the input values If the transformation is successful it returns Julian date Otherwise the zero value is returned void empack_datetostr int year int month int day char datestr The function converts a numeric representation of date to its string representation The datestr pa rameter is pointer to the allocated memory at least 11 bytes where the null terminated output string shall be stored to The function returns no value Supported format yyyy mm dd void cmpack_timetostr int hour int minute int second int msec char timestr The function converts a numeric representation of time to its string representation The timestr pa rameter is pointer to the allocated memory at least 13 bytes where the null terminated output string shall be stored to The function has no return value Supported format hh mm ss ssss 4 1 AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS 45 void cmpack_decodejd double jd int year int month int day int hour int minute int second int milisecond The function converts Julian date to numeric representation of a corresponding date and time The jd parameter specifies the Julian date the next seven parameters are pointers to the variables where the output values shall be stored to The function has no return value void empack_jdtostr double jd char datestr char timestr The function converts a Julian date to string representation of corresponding date and time
79. lid pen two dashed circles shows the annulus used for computing a value of local sky brightness C Munipack samples data crcas01 5T lol x Image info Details EE 2 Export Print Zi iss z IV Fit to window Y Autocontrast Center s 210 0 px Center y 125 0 px Max 5805 0 ADU Sky val 461 0 ADU Std dev 18 7 ADU FWHM s 1 93 px FWHM y 2 09 px FWHM 2 01 px SNR 8 0 mag The preview dialog allows to find out the basic photometric attributes of a star on the CCD frame before the photometry reduction phase is executed This feature is intended for checking whether a star is not overexposed and it allows to determine the approximate value of the FWHM value Full Width at Half Maximum The computation is initiated by single click on left mouse button within the image The highest peak is found in the vicinity to position where the user has clicked on Then the simplified photometry calculation is performed The results are print out to the information panel in the bottom right part of the dialog e Center x Center y centroid s position center of the star in pixels with respect to upper left corner of the image 2 2 THE APPLICATION S MAIN WINDOW 13 e Max pixel value in the local maxima in ADU Sky val local mean value of sky level in ADU computed by means of median algorithm Std dev standard deviation of sky level in ADU FWHM x FWHM y FWH
80. llocated by this function The optfile parameter specify the path and name of the configuration file munilist ini If NULL value is given the program uses default path and name The aperture index is set by the aper parameter The outfrm is bit mask of constants which specify the output format If the output format requires selection of the stars the nstar parameter must be the number of stars selected and the stars parameter must point to the array of indices of selected stars Some formats require object s celestial coordinates or observer s geographical coordinates The function returns zero on success or error code on failure int mlist_read const char infile int frame The functions reads and processes single photometry file The infile parameter specify the path and name of the source file The second parameter frame is the ordinal number of the frame which is hereafter used for identification of the frame int mlist_getpar int ncols int nrows This function stores the number of columns and the number of rows stored in the internal memory buffer Number of columns is stored to the variable specified in the ncols parameter the nrows parameter specify the variable where the number of rows shall be stored to The function returns zero on success or error code on failure int mlist_getcol int col char buf Call this function to get the name of particular column Columns are numbered starting by zero The col paramete
81. log window is open In the dialog select the second option and enter the path where the new frames are stored during the observation In case you are observing a number of variables or you are using several filters enter the file name mask and or filter name to the corresponding fields Confirm the dialog by the Process button The program detects the new files which meets specified conditions inserts them to the table of input files and performs the necessary conversion corrections photometry matching and finally plots actualized light curve graph Similarly you can continue up to the end of observation Process all unprocessed files in the current project add and reduce new files from the specified directory x Cancel C Munipack samples data a Help use only files which meet the following conditions i IV Filename st y Filter Clear 26 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM 2 8 6 Express reduction This tool offers the simple way how to reduce CCD observation in the batch mode Using the standard way the user is to procede step by step manually This dialog allows you to enter all necessary data in one dialog and then the program performs all required steps in succession First enter the source files into the input table by standard way using Add files dialog Then open the Tools menu and select the Express reduction item In the dialog window check the options to specify whether you want to process
82. mat of the file The filename parameter specify the path and name of the file The handle parameters is the pointer to the variable of void type which receives the pointer to the internal descriptor int konv_openf void handle const char filename int format This function opens a file with CCD frame of specified type and creates a descriptor which is used for accessing file data You must call the konv_close file to close the file and to free allocated memory This function doesn t perform format detection The filename parameter specify the path and file name of the file The handle parameters is the pointer to the variable of void type which receives the pointer to the internal descriptor The format parameter is one the MPK_FORMAT_xxx constants see table 4 3 int konv_gets void handle const char key char buf int buflen This function reads single string data from the file header The handle parameter is the handle created by konv_open function The key parameter specify which parameter shall be read The value is stored to the memory buffer which pointer is given in the buf parameter and the length of the buffer in bytes is in the buflen parameter The function returns zero on success or error code on failure Note Besides the keywords stored in the file which are dependent on the file format the set of virtual keys is provided see table 4 1 int konv_getl void handle const char key long val T
83. mp button on the control panel and select the star on the identification chart When done click on the Var button to switch back to variable selection mode By the help of the buttons on the panel the graph chart or the light curve can be saved as data or image file or can be sent to the printer 2 8 4 Plot track list The track list graph shows the relation between the stars shift on the frames against their positions on the reference file It may be used for computing the telescope mounting periodic error In the Tools menu click on Plot track list to open dialog window The julian date is on the horizontal axis of the graph and the offsets in pixels are on the vertical axis The list of available data in a file is dispalyed in the panel middle part The data file consists two contextual columns e OFFSETX offset in horizontal direction positive values mean the shift to the right negative to the left e OFFSETY offset in vertical direction positive values mean the shift to the bottom negative to the top In the dialog press the Save data and specify a directory where the file is to be saved Confirm by the Save button The output files are saved into the results subdirectory in the application directory by default but the path can be changed in the preferencies This folder is directly accessible in the user interface see the section 2 9 2 2 8 THE TOOLS MENU 25 In the light curve graph there is possible to display furth
84. n Muniphot ini Photometry options Alphabetical list of error messages References GNU Free Documentation License 50 51 52 52 52 53 55 55 56 56 56 57 57 57 57 58 58 59 60 61 61 61 61 62 62 63 69 70 1 Basic informations The C Munipack software package described in this manual is the huge software package which offers the complete solution for reduction of images carried out by CCD camera oriented at an observation of variable stars The specific programs of reduction process can be called from command line or via intuitive graphical user interface For developers a dynamic link library with powerfull interface is available The project is based on the previous Munipack package the programs have the same name but contrary to Munipack it is coded in C language and it contains a several new functions and tools in addition Assignment of the command line parameters and configuration files is similar in both projects exceptions are described in the project documentation Graphical user interface should be familiar for Munidos users but it takes full advantage of graphical environment and therefore the interface is more comfortable and enables user an improved control over reduction process in comparison with original interface of Munidos Project s WWW pages and FTP archive The latest version of the C Munipack s binaries source codes and documentations are available on the inter
85. n be entered by two ways manually or selecting from the catalogue The first method is applicable when you know the equatorial coordinates of the observed object The second method is helpful to variable stars observers because the program can seek through a number of popular catalogues of variable stars and find records by star s designation or its part Because the catalogues are not included in the binary installation it is neccessary to set up the path to the files in the Preferencies dialog Catalogues page 2 7 THE PLOTTING MENU 21 Manual entering of coordinates In the Plotting menu click on the Enter object s coordinates item New dialog window is open In its upper section select Enter R A and Dec manually option and enter the right ascension and the declination to appripriate edit fields Examples 23 57 23 5 43 49 15 235723 5 43 49 15 or 23 95653 43 8208 You can also fill the object s designation this value will be used on printed charts and graphs Close the dialog by OK button zizi Enter object s coordinates 9 Y OK Search star catalogues X Cancel Hel Object s designation cr Cas Pio R A 2000 jz 0452 0 DEC 2000 59 3357 Reading coordinates from the catalogues In the Plotting menu click on the Enter object s coordinates item New dialog window is open Unlike the previous case select Search star catalogues option and fill the variable star s designati
86. n file failed Check a you had entered the path and the file name correctly and the specified file exists b the file is not opened in another application c you have got proper access rights for reading the file If you see this message in the Muniwin software it is probably a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author Cannot open the source file The source file is not available for reading Check a the file is not opened in another application b you had entered the path and the file name correctly and the specified file exists and c you have got proper access rights for reading the file Coincidencies not found The coincidencies between the reference file and the source photometry file were not found In most cases this error indicates that the shift between two frames is too high or you have mixed frames which belong to different star field This is not critical failure this frame will be skipped in the following process Cannot copy file to The copying of the file failed Check a the destination media and the target directory are writable b the files are not opened in another application c you have got proper access rights for reading and writing the files d you had entered valid paths and file names and the source file exists D Dark frame not found The specified dark correction frame is not available for reading Check a the file is not opened in another application b you had enter
87. n should be used The output file is in FITS format too Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin par file name of parameter file autoflat ini out file name of output file autoflat fts image names of source files no wildcards ofile name of output file equivalent with out pfile optional parameter file equivalent with par 3 3 OTHER PROGRAMS 37 Configuration files autoflat ini Example The following command computes median of frames test1 fts test2 fts a test3 fts than the resulting frame normalizes to level of 10000 and stores the output frame fo autoflat fts C Munipack bin gt autoflat testl fts test2 fts test3 fts Image file testi fits Median 459 0565 Skysig 18 4670 Image file test2 fts Median 475 4877 Skysig 18 6898 Image file test3 fts Median 496 4252 Skysig 18 0923 Output file autoflat fts Final median 10350 3 Final skysig 9 8 C Munipack bin gt _ 3 3 2 Meandark Dark frame composition The Meandark program compose a set of dark fields and performs one dark field called master dark It applies the robust mean algorithm to the corresponding pixels to get the resulting value Applying this function you can achieve high quality correction frame to reduce the noise All source frames must be in FITS format and of same dimensions Frames of the
88. net web pages and also on the anonymous FTP server http integral sci muni cz cmunipack ftp integral sci muni cz pub cmunipack On authors The project manager David Motl is also the author of the most part of the source codes Some small pieces of the sources originate from Munipack package coded by Filip Hroch Algorithms for aperture photometry originate from Daophot software by P B Stetson Munifind algorithm originates from Varfind tool coded by Luk Kr l The package uses the FITSIO library Dr William Pence NASA the Freelmage library maintained by Herv Drolon and the James Clark s EXPAT library See References section for further details Software license This program is free software you can redistribute 1t and or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation This program is distributed in the hope that 1t will be useful but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE See the GNU General Public License for more details Documentation license Permission is granted to copy distribute and or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Version 1 2 published by the Free Software Foundation with no Invari ant Sections no Front Cover Texts and no Back Cover Texts 2 The Muniwin program The Muniwin program is the graphical user interface
89. ng header informations of source files in short or detailed form You can convert header only while not copying the image Additional informations which shall be written to the output files can be given in parameter file Current version of program supports reading SBIG ST xx compressed and uncompressed files and the FITS files also Note that you can use FITS to FITS conversion for gathering files from many locations into one directory It will solve the file name collisions 32 Parameters dirfile par file mask mask tcor sec flip xy image pfile omask Cx flipxy header info details Configuration files Example 3 COMMAND LINE INTERFACE name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin optional parameter file none mask of output file s kout fts time correction in seconds 0 image flipping values x y xy names of source files no wildcards optional parameter file equivalent with par mask of output file s equivalent with out initial counter value 1 image flipping equivalent with flip converts headers only doesn t convert image data prints short header informations only prints full header informations only None The following command converts files crcas01 st7 crcas02 st7 and crcas03 st7 and writes the output to files kout0001 fts kout0002 fts an
90. not critical failure but one or more pixels on the resulting frame is not valid and they will be skipped in the following process References Algorithms and libraries Main part of the algorithms of reduction of CCD frames originate from the Munipack software by Filip Hroch Graphical user interface was inspired by the Munidos software Pence William Dr CFITSIO library http heasarc gsfc nasa gov fitsio Clark James EXPAT library http www libexpat org Hroch Filip Munipack http munipack astronomy cz e Novak R and Kral L Munidos http munipack astronomy cz Kral Luk s Varfind private communication Bakis Volcan Air mass computation algorithm private communication Pokorny Zden k Dr Astronomick algoritmy pro kalkul tory HaP hl m Prahy 1984 Drolon Herv et al Freelmage project http freeimage sourceforge net Development tools The source codes were compiled by freware C C compiler Minimalist GNU for Windows Graph ical user interface was developed in the Borland DEPHI version 7 environment Binary installation packages were created by means of the Nullsoft NSIS scriptable engine The Microsoft s HTML Help Workshop was used to create electronic help The documentation was typed in IATRx e MinGW Minimalist GNU for Windows http www mingw org e Nullsoft Scriptable Installation System http nsis sf net e MiKTeX project http www miktex org Variable stars catalogues
91. ns On this tab Tools Preferences the configuration window enables setting the apertures used in aper ture photometry The aperture index used in output data computation is defined in the image dots pixels Aperture 1 12 aperture radii 1 to 12 Inner sky radius inner radius of sky aperture 20 0 Outer sky radius outer radius of sky aperture 30 0 Matching options The Tools Preferences Match stars enables the parameters configuration used in frames matching In most cases it is not necessary to change the default values e No of stars used in matching number of stars used from the source photometry files Input data for the transformation matrix evaluation 10 e No of identification stars number of the polygons apexes used in the matching 5 e Sigma clipping factor the inaccuracy threshold of polygons angles 2 5 Plotting options In this section the functions for light curve plotting and setting the output data can be configured e Use aperture no index of the aperture used see the section 2 8 8 1 e Output format format of output data files differential magnitudes e Date amp time format format of date and time of observation geocentric julian date e Include heliocentric correction check this option to include the value of heliocentric correc tion to output files unchecked 2 9 THE WINDOWS MENU 29 Include air mass coefficient check this option
92. ns output value in days 4 2 CCD frame reduction 4 2 1 Frame conversion The konv_xxx functions are intended for reading CCD frames in all formats supported by C Munipack software and converting them to the FITS format These files are designated to form a unified interface for fetching CCD data to memory before displaying them on the screen int konv_format const char filename int format The function opens a file specified by full path and name in the filename parameter and checks its format Then the file is closed If the file format is supported it returns zero and the format identifier see table 4 3 is stored to the format parameter If failed the error code is returned int konv_init const char parfile int flipx int flipy long tcor int mode This function parses the configuration file and initializes the internal variables for conversion of CCD frames to the FITS format The function allocates several internal memory buffers so it s necessary to call konv_clean when the processed is finished If the pafile parameter isn t NULL it should specify the path and name of the configuration file This file contains the parameters which shall be inserted to the converted files and their respective values See the Files section for more details The flipx and flipy parameters turns on image flipping in horizontal and vertical direction respectively The tcor parameter is the time correction applied to the time of observ
93. ns per ADU the correct value should be set according to the CCD camera manual LODATA the lowest valid value of a pixel 7 00 HIDATA the highest valid value of a pixel 65535 00 16 bits FWHM expected width of an object halfway to the maximum in pixels Full Width at Half Maximum for which the calculation should be optimized For the first try use 3 00 TRESH threshold determining the level of the dimness of the stars that should be detected for the first try use 4 00 LOSHARP lower bound for the sharpness of the stars 0 20 HISHARP upper bound for the sharpness of the stars 1 00 LOROUND lower bound for the roundness of the stars 1 00 HIROUND upper bound for the roundness of the stars 1 00 Alphabetical list of error messages A Aperture radii must be between 1 0 and outer sky radius One or more aperture radii are less than one pixel or grater than outer sky annulus Probably the size of the annulus was changed but there are some large apertures in the table Check the table of aperture radii and specified sky annulus C Cannot open the destination file The destination file cannot be created or modified Check a the destination media and the target directory are writable b the file is not opened in another application c you have got proper access rights for writing the file d you had entered valid path and file name Cannot open the parameter file The reading of the configuratio
94. ny selected files from the table use the Remove files function instead 2 3 2 Add files Opens a dialog for files insertion into the table of input files It is always used at the beginning of reduction process or prior the start of Process new files tool This dialog is a standard way how to add files into the project The Drag amp Drop function and or Copy amp Paste can be used alternatively The Add files dialog Choose the Add Files item from the Files menu The dialog window appears Find the directory and select the files you want to add to the project Press the Add button The dialog remains open so you can include the files from another folder simply by changing the directory and repeat the addition Duplicities are automatically ignored The Close button closes the dialog zox Y Add X Close 7 Help Y Show preview Y Autocontrast IV Invert 2 Munipack 5 samples 11 files selected For selection of large number of files use the standard way with Ctrl or Shift keys or click on function buttons in the right panel e All select all files in the current folder e Invert inverts the selection of files e Select allows selection of the files based on their properties date and time of observation filter and file name Selecting file containing the CCD image in supported format from the list an image preview with a brief information is shown at the left bottom of the dialog
95. oduct of the reduction process A light curve table consists of observation time in Julian date form followed by magnitudes and their errors of all selected stars Two basic output working modes are provided in differential mode magnitudes stored in the table are differences between each pair of the stars On the other hand instrumental mode allows you to print out raw values computed by photometry Note that instrumental magnitudes cannot be compared to absolute ones which is found in the photometry catalogues without further processing Output files are stored in the ASCII format the end of the line is represented by CR LF in the DOS MS Windows environment and by LF in the Unix Linux environment First line contains al ways a list of column names separated by single space character Second line consists of additional information aperture filter etc and has no special formatting 1t must not start by number though 58 5 FILES On the following lines the table values are stored The values are separated by tab character or single space rows are separated by the end of line character see above Parsers must ignore all additional white characters Empty lines indicates that the corresponding frame was not successfully processed and thus a brightness of a variable or a comparison star could not be determined See table 5 1 for short description of columns Common part Geocentric Julian date of observation Heliocentric Julian date of o
96. of the dialog The CCD image is presented on the first page The second page consists of brief information about the frame Complete listing of all items from the header is displayed on the third page The controls located on the right panel of the dialog are intended for setting the preview options e Zoom this section sets the magnification of the image You can either select one item in the combo box or check the Fit to window field In the latter case the zoom is automatically adjusted to fit the window size e Autocontrast check on if you want the program to compute automatically the brightness and contrast of displayed image Uncheck the box if you want to use the values stored in the file header e Invert switches positive and negative display rendering e Show bad pixels check this option on to highlite overexposed or bad pixels on the frame The pixels whose value is equal to maximum 65535 by default equal to zero or even negative are dyed in red color e Pseudocolors switches grayscale and pseudocolor display rendering This function is useful for checking uniformity of the sky level after flat frame correction e Show scale check on to display the scale of the pixel values The lables shows values in ADU corresponding to intensity or color hue e Show apertures check this option to display the default aperture and the sky annulus The default aperture is displayed in form of a circle drawn by a so
97. on or its part to the Search field You had to enter at least three characters upper and lower case is ignored as well as extra or missing spaces and other common delimiters Press Enter button to start the searching Enter object s coordinates Y OK X Cancel Search CR Cas L Ene Help Results 2 records found Designation A DEC 2000 Source Comments CR Cas 230452 0 593357 BRKAH GSC 03997 01059 CR Cas 230452 0 593357 GCVS I II The results are presented in the table which contains all matched records In the first column the precise designation is displayed and followed by the right ascension and declination name of cata logue Additional information are shown in the last column in most cases it contains other possible designations of the variable star Go through the table and click on the row which you regard as best It is possible also to change the search string and repeat the searching Confirm the selection by OK button 2 7 3 Plot curve The data file contains the reduction process output Select the Plot Curve item in the Plotting menu in the to open a dialog window where a graph of the last generated light curve is displayed Using the control buttons on the panel the data can be saved in text or image format or printed on the printer 22 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM The ouput data file contains not only the brightness of the variable star with respect to the comparison s
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100. orrection of FITS frames Use the conversion functions first if the source or the correction file is saved in another format It is possible to modify the header of the original frame or to make a new FITS file int flat_init const char flt The function reads the correction frame and initializes the internal variables You must call the flat_clean function when the processing is finished to free the memory allocated by this function The fit parameter specify the path and name of the file with flat correction frame The function returns zero on success and error code on failure int flat const char sci const char out The flat function makes correction of the single FITS file The source file is identified by its path and name in the sci parameter The out parameter specify the name of the output file If the second parameter is NULL the source file will be changed Zero is returned on success and error code on failure int flat_clean void This function frees the memory buffers allocated by the flat_init function 50 4 C MUNIPACK LIBRARY 4 2 5 Photometry This set of functions is designed for detecting stars on FITS frames and measurement of their bright ness The output is written to a photometry file see chapter 5 3 int mphot_init const char optfile const char apfile The function reads the configuration files and initializes the internal variables You must call the phot_clean function when the processing is
101. otometry processed tmp00007 srt 2003 09 27 01 20 39 Photometry processed tmp00008 srt 2003 09 27 01 59 03 Photometry processed ImpODD009 srt 2003 09 27 02 37 38 Photometry processed imp00010 srt 2003 09 27 03 11 21 Photometry processed imp00011 srt 2003 09 27 03 48 00 Photometry processed If you want to apply the photometry only to a subset of input files for example after the changing of photometry parameters select the files in the Input files table open the photometry dialog check the Modify selected files only option Confirm by the OK button 2 6 THE MATCHING MENU 19 The photometry of the images saved in the temporary folder they are not changed by photometry can be reprocessed to achieve better results without any necessity to perform the conversion and correction of the frames again The program readilly allows to show the results of photometry Select the file in the table and press right mouse button In the pop up menu choose Open photometry file The new window with an image is displayed White circles on the blue background represent stars in the photometry file The diameter of circles matches the magnitude of found stars The red color circles correspond to stars which have been incorrectly detected the relevant value of magnitude is greater than 99 0 mag 2 6 The Matching menu 2 6 1 Match stars The matching of stars finds the cross references between the stars in the source file and the referenc
102. r is the column index starting by zero the buf parameter points to the allocated memory buffer where the name shall be stored to as null terminated string The function returns zero on success and error code on failure int mlist_getx int frm double jd double hcor double amass The function reads table data in special columns for all rows All four parameters must are pointers to the allocated memory where the data shall be stored to The number of items of the arrays must be equal to or greater than the number of rows see mlist_getpar function The function stores frame identifiers to the frm array Julian dates are copied to the jd array values of heliocentric correction is stored to hcor array and values of air mass coefficient is stored to the amass array The function returns zero on success and error code on failure int mlist_gety int col double val double err The function reads table data in particular column for all rows The first parameter is the column index starting by zero The val parameter is the pointer to the allocated array of doubles where the values shall be stored to The err parameter if present specify the address of the memory buffer where the errors of the values shall be stored to int mlist_write const char outfile This function writes table data to the file specified in the only parameter int mlist_clean void This function frees the memory buffers allocated by the mlist_ functions
103. range_ real Pixel value range in ADU _temperature_ real CCD temperature in deg C _time_ string Observation time hh mm ss sss _width_ integer Image width in pixels Table 4 1 Format independent virtual keys for reading CCD frames 4 2 2 Time correction This functions are intended for modification of the time of observation stored in FITS files Use the conversion functions first if the source file is saved in another format It is possible to modify the header of the original frame or to make a new FITS file int tcor_init long tcor This function initializes the internal variables for time correction of CCD frame files Although the function doesn t allocate any internal buffers you should call the tcor_clean function when the processed has been finished for compatibility reasons The tcor parameter specify the time correction applied to the time of observation in seconds Positive values of the correction shift the time to the future and negative values shift it to the past int teor const char sci const char out char date char time The function makes time correction of the single FITS file The source file is identified by its path and name in the sci parameter The out parameter specify the name of the output file If the second 4 2 CCD FRAME REDUCTION 49 parameter is NULL the source file will be changed You can optionally provide two memory buffers in the third and four parameters where the string representat
104. rating system would have severe problems with its compilation and the graphical interface that program offers is available only for unix based operating systems Of course there are some commercial products avaiable on the market some of them are really good but these products are not affordable for amateur astronomers since they have to pay for everything by themselves I would like to thank to all my colleagues who contributed with their ideas advice and suggestions to this program Namely to Filip Hroch for sharing the Munipack source code and for helping with porting it from Fortran to C to Luk Kr l for sharing his Varfind source code to Miloslav Zejda Ond ej Pejcha and Petr Svoboda for helping with testing and valuable suggestions to the user interface and to Jitka Kudrna ova and Petr Lu cha for help with english version of the documentation Brno May 2006 Author Contents 1 Basic informations 4 2 The Muniwin program 5 2 1 Basic processing of the observation o o e e 5 2 2 The application s main WIOd0W e 10 2 2 1 The table of input files o o a 10 2 2 2 Previewwindow a gpa E e ee 11 2 3 The Files Menu co 26 ae ht ew a a OE ae ee eS ee Ge aln 14 23 1 Clear files cet eto ek See ER A SE ae ee WES eee 14 2392 Add files 2 4 ak Bae eho a ae Se Ree a Eee EWE See 14 2 33 Remove files os Gee yok eee Ee ee ae ye ee ES A ee 15 2 3 4 Fetch Conver
105. review of the selected file is displayed in the right bottom As soon as the process finishes the informations in the Input files window are updated The data in the Stars column is changed and they show the fraction of x y where x is the number of successfully matched stars and the letter y stands for the total number of stars in the source photometry file For the matching procedure does not affect the source photometry files it can be repeated more times to get best results without need to repeat the photometry 20 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM 2 7 The Plotting menu 2 7 1 Choose stars This function performs the final step of reduction process It finalizes the selected variable star light curve related to the comparison and check stars In the dialog the user selects the variable comparison and or check stars on the reference frame Open the Plotting menu and select the Choose stars item The maximized dialog window appears showing the reference frame or the chart from catalogue files respectively Sequentially click on the variable star small red circle mark with the label var then click on comparison star green color circle with comp label and optionally you can select several check stars chk1 chk2 etc If the catalogue file with the matching stars is used the stars will be automatically selected user checks the selection only If the output format is set to instrumental magnitudes the selection is similar but the stars ar
106. rget file are stored in the FITS format int aflat_init const char optfile The function reads the configuration file and initializes the internal variables You must call the mflat_clean function when the processing was finished to free the memory allocated by this function The optfile parameter specify the path and name of the configuration file autoflat ini If NULL value is given the program uses default path and name The function returns zero on success or error code on failure int aflat_read const char infile This function reads single FITS frame and stores it to the memory The infile parameter specify the path and name of the file The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int aflat_write const char outfile float skymed float skysig The aflat_write function computes the target frame by means of the robust mean algorithm on all corresponding pixels on source files The result is stored to the file in the FITS format The outfile parameter specify the path and name of the target file If it exists it is overwritten The optional skymed parameter receives average brightness of the output frame and the skysig parameter is set to the value of standard deviation of its brightness The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int aflat_clean void This function frees the memory buffers allocated by the aflat_ functions 4 3 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION
107. rm this operation because the table of input files is empty Use Add files dialog in Files dialog to add files to the table Too few data in source files There are too few frames to perform this operation This error is issued by Varfind utility if there are less than two input frames Check the user manual for requirements of this operation Too few stars in the reference file There are not enough stars in the reference or catalogue file In most cases this error indicates that the frame is of very low quality clouds closed shutter Select another reference frame and repeat the mathing process again Too few stars in the source file There are not enough stars to perform star matching In most cases this error indicates that the original frame is of very low quality clouds closed shutter This is not critical failure this frame will be skipped in the following process U Unknown error status If you see this message it is definitely a bug in the software This is critical failure Some routine or module reported an error code which is not in the code table Please send a bug report to the author Unknown format of source file The format of the source file is not supported It can indicate the corruption of the input file 68 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ERROR MESSAGES Z Zero value has been occured on flat frame can t divide by zero The result of computation is not valid because divisor is zero This is
108. rmations e 42 4 1 2 Date and time transformations 02 0002 eee 44 4 13 Mathematicalfunctions 0 0020 2b eee 45 4 1 4 Astronomical functions 2 2 2 0 00 eee ee ee 45 4 2 CCD frame reduction 00 002 ee ee 46 4 2 1 Frame Conversion 46 42 2 Tim correction see oae a ee A 48 4 2 3 Dark framecorrection o 49 4 2 4 Flat frame corrections s x oteto ara a e e ee 49 AZ Photometry 2 a ded E wet he aE Tet 50 4 3 4 4 5 Files 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 4 2 6 4 2 7 Miscellaneous functions 4 3 1 4 3 2 4 3 3 Data types and constants 4 4 1 Errorcodes 4 4 2 Source file format constants 4 4 3 Conversion mode constants 4 4 4 Destination file format constants Imput files Output files 5 2 1 Light curve data files 5 2 2 Track list data files 5 2 3 Munifind s ouput datafile Photometry files Catalogue files Configuration files 5 5 1 5 5 2 5 5 3 5 5 4 5 5 5 Matching stars LASUNG kek Hor ae Bebo amp x Dark frame averaging Flat frame mastering Finding variable stars Aperturesini Munifind ini Parameters for searching the variables Munilist ini Parameters of the output files Munimatch ini Parameters for the matching functio
109. roperties this dialog is opened by clicking at the Select button Add files to project 3 lol xi Ec z as01 S E _ Sete Invert Y Add X Close Help Y Show preview I Autocontrast ec amp Munipack 2 samples 11 files selected 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM 4 Push the Add button If you want to process data taken in several nights at once use the same procedure to add those files to the table After insering all the files you want to process close the dialog by pushing the Close button olx Files Corrections Photometry Matching Plotting Tools Windows Help DY 4DE 4 4Erx 98 8 m 2 Input files FileName Dateandtime Fiter Stas fiesute cicasO0l st crcas02 st crcas03 st crcas04 st crcas05 st cicasOb st cicasO7 st crcas08 st crcas09 st cicas10 st cicas11 st 5 Now do the conversion of the input data into the FITS file format and save the data to the temporary files folder This step must be done even when the input data are stored in the FITS file format the program will just copy the files into the temporary folder From the Files menu choose the Fetch convert files option and in the dialog press the OK button Converting image files C Munipack samples data crcas08 ST C Munipack samples data crcas08 77 C Cmunipack tmp tmpo000s fts 382 x 255 pixels 1 x 16 bits gt 2003 09 27 01 5
110. rovided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties for example statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front Cover Text and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back Cover Text to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version Only one passage of Front Cover Text and one of Back Cover Text may be added by or through arrangements made by any one entity If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of you may not add another but you may replace the old one on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one The author s and publisher s of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version 5 COMBINING DOCUMENTS You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents unmodified and list them all as Invari ant Sections of your combined work in its license notice and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers The combined work need
111. ry If the ref parameter is not zero it specifies the index of the comparison star Use zero value to enable automatic detection of best comparison star The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mfind getpar int nstars int nimages int ref The functions reads several internal variables filled by means on the mfind_compute function The nstars parameter receives the number of table rows number of stars the nimages parameter receives number of frames processed and the ref points to the variable which receives the index of the com parison star used The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mfind_get double mag double stddev The function reads table data from internal memory computed by means of the mfind_compute func tion The parameters point to two arrays of doubles where data shall be stored to The mag array receives mean magnitudes and standard deviations are stored to the stddev array The array must be large enough call mfind_getpar function to determine the number of stars The function returns zero on success Otherwise the error code is returned int mfind_gdata int star double jd double mag double err The function makes a light curve of a particular star First parameter specifies the index of the star Magnitudes are always relative to the comparison star Call mfind_getpar function to determine the number of frames and the in
112. s First follow all steps of observed frames reduction through processing the photometry files In the Tools menu select the Find variables The program computes all stars brightness data at all frames and selects one comparison star The dialog window opens At top left area a graph of mag vs stdev is shown On the right part the identification chart with variable star marked up is presented Also the selected star light curve graph is shown Le cx h Var Be Comp stdev E Import d 3 a o var do We BR savechar Ae Misavedata oe s AO PEO LS gt so o Y I Show errors Sie 7 o Shee AE i 5 gt PEP ia 0 2 04 Click on variable star e Comp staris H6 at 02 230 7161 7 a Var star is 8 at 208 7 145 8 E mag 0 123 0 0 stdey 0 259 02 52909 35 52909 40 52909 45 52909 50 52909 55 52909 60 52909 65 JD Click at any point of the graph left The program marks the point with red circle with the var label The same way the corresponding star is marked up on the identification chart In the bottom part of the dialog window the light curve graph of the star is plotted Sequentially indicate all stars you suspect to be a variable star The comparison star is marked with green circle with the comp label Although the comparison star is automatically selected the selection does not need be ideal To change the comparison star manually click on Co
113. s Invalid format of date or time of observation The format of date or time is not supported It can indicate the corruption of the input file Unfor tunately there is not any standard how to save a date and time of observation to FITS file so every program uses its own special format Although current version of C Munipack can read many differ ent formats it may happens that your program uses the another one Send me one frame or two as sample see email address above and I will add it to the sources promptly Invalid format of latitude The format of the geographical latitude is not valid Check the user manual for syntax of the geo graphical coordinates Invalid format of longitude The format of the geographical longitude is not valid Check the user manual for syntax of the geographical coordinates Invalid format of declination The format of the object s declination is not valid Check the user manual for syntax of the equatorial coordinates Invalid format of right ascension The format of the object s right ascension is not valid Check the user manual for syntax of the equatorial coordinates Invalid value of parameter This error is issued when a value of a parameter is outside the range or is not valid Check the configuration file and consult the user manual for meaning of parameters If you see this message in the Muniwin software it is probably a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author
114. s of first aperture in pixels 47 53 A D converter gain e per ADU 55 61 Readout noise 63 77 Julian date of center of the exposure 79 94 Filter band 96 105 Exposure time in seconds 107 113 Mean computed value of FWHM Table 5 4 Description of photometry file header From the fourth line to the end of file each triple of lines carries information on particular star The values are stored in the ASCII format on first two lines positions are decisive see the table 5 5 for details Values can be aligned to the right or to the left Empty space must be filled by space characters Each third line must be always empty 60 5 FILES Tine Positions Beserpion Ordinal number or numeric identifier Horizontal position of center of a star Vertical position of center of a star Instrumental magnitude of a star aperture 1 Instrumental magnitude of a star aperture 2 Mean sky level v ADU local background Standard deviation of sky level Unused always zero Error of magnitude aperture 1 Error of magnitude aperture 2 aaa SS Table 5 5 Description of photometry files data 5 4 Catalogue files Using catalogue files can speed up your work in case you often observe particular star field for example long term monitoring of a variable star The structure of the data stored in a file is very similar to a photometry file but it contains the selection of stars variable star comp
115. s to it you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published not as a draft by the Free Software Foundation If the Document does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published not as a draft by the Free Software Foundation ADDENDUM How to use this License for your documents To use this License in a document you have written include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page 75 Copyright YEAR YOUR NAME Permission is granted to copy distribute and or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Ver sion 1 2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation with no Invari ant Sections no Front Cover Texts and no Back Cover Texts A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License If you have Invariant Sections Front Cover Texts and Back Cover Texts replace the with Texts line with this with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES with the Front Cover Texts being LIST and with the Back Cover Texts being LIST If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts or some other combination of the three merge those two alternatives to suit the situation If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code we recommend rel
116. same exposition duration should be used The output file is in FITS format too Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin out file name of output file meandark fts imagel names of source files no wildcards ofile name of output file equivalent with out Configuration files None Example The following command computes mean of frames test1 fts test2 fts a test3 fts and stores the output frame fo meandark fts C Munipack bin gt meandark testl fts test2 fts test3 fts MEANDARK Version 1 0 10 Image file testl fts Image file test2 fts E tests eee Output file meandark fts C Munipack bin gt _ 38 3 COMMAND LINE INTERFACE 3 3 3 Helcor Heliocentric correction The Helcor program converts geocentric julian date jdgeo to heliocentric date jdhel or back It works either in batch mode where the table stored in file is converted and saved to another file or in terminal mode where the user enters simple commands and queries by keyboard When running the batch mode the program reads the source file line by line and expects the JD value in the first column which must be divided at least one of common used dividers semicolon comma space tab char The JD value can be in full 2453xxx x or short 53xxx x form Decimal places must be separated by point not comma The lines which doesn
117. saved in one of supported image formats the program automatically ensures the conversion if neccessary The output file is always in FITS format Add the source flat frames to the table of input files and proceed their conversion apply the Dark correction also Open the Tools menu and click on the Master flat In the dialog window specify whether all files shall be processed or only the selected ones Confirm by the OK button In the following dialog select a directory and enter the name of output file to be saved Press the Save button 2 8 3 Find variables The CCD observation allows to measure brightness of all stars occuring in the field of the telescope It may happen that on a series of frames that appart from observed star there occures also another variable star By the following steps you can perhaps discover a new variable star The Find variables dialog is the useful tool that provides semi automatic scaning of variable stars in the series of source files It is based on the relation between the standard deviations of the brightness of the stars and their mean brightness The program reads all photometry files and compute the mean 24 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM brightness and standard deviations of brightness of all stars The algorithm automatically removes stars that are missing on majority of source frames For the star of lower magnitude the deviation of brightness exhibits higher value than deviation for stars with a higher brightnes
118. se this specified flat frame for correction of the specified exposure file because they have different size width or height Directory could not be created The creation of the specified directory failed Check a the destination media and the target directory are writable b you have got proper access rights for writing to the destination directory c you had entered valid path and directory name Dirfile not found The file with list of input frames doesn t exists or cannot be opened for reading Check a the file is not opened in another application b you had entered the path and the file name correctly and the specified file exists and c you have got proper access rights for reading the file E Error in header of the source file Invalid format keyword or value was found in the header of the file This error indicates the corrup tion of the input file Error while reading file Reading of the input file has failed during the operation F File is open in read only mode If you see this message it is definitely a bug in the software Please send a bug report to the author Flat frame not found The specified flat correction frame is not available for reading Check a the file is not opened in another application b you had entered the path and the file name correctly and the specified file exists and c you have got proper access rights for reading the file If you see this message in the Muniwin software it is
119. st column which must be divided at least one of common used dividers semicolon comma space tab char The JD value can be in full 2453xxx x or in short 53xxx x form Decimal places must be separated by points not by commas The lines which doesn t correspond to a table header or doesn t consist of valid julian date are copied into output without any change In other cases the airmass coefficient is computed its value is added to the end of the line The AIRMASS field is added to the header line of the table In terminal mode the opening informations is displayed and the program prompts the user to enter the right ascension of the object R A a excepts confirmation by the Enter key By the same way the declination DEC is set up The value is printed out as response to the command Then by the same way again the observer s geographical longitude LON and latitude LAT is entered Use positive values of latitude for locations to the north of equator Positive values of longitude means that the observation place is located to the east of zero meridian After setting up all coordinates entering of a julian date is expected JD The user enters the julian date and the program computes and prints out the values of azimuth altitude and value of airmass coefficient All commands are descibed below Entering the g command exits the program Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will
120. t files 0008 88 e e Pee 15 2 3 3 Open dle mh a a ek a e bel al hes ode ee ees a 16 ZO EXIGE aa ta da o A At ate idk at A 16 2 4 The Corrections menu 2 2 2 16 DAT Fimescorrecuons abe a a Boil has td BA ae E 16 24 2 Dark Correcta a weak boa Ske on beh ee ee Ree SS 16 24 3 Flat correction amp 4 ir eae he Se os eh ew ee Ed a s 17 2 5 The Photometry mena 20 0 000000 00000005 18 IL Photometry aars 2 22 ae ed Pa e a es 18 2 6 The Matching mea 0 0 000000 00000004 19 ZOL Match stars s 40 2 ts ee A ee Ee OE es 19 2 7 The Plotting menus anani 6 9 e ee ek ee Ee a Oe as 20 DL Choose stais da eK Bikes A ee aes ee Oe TOG Re 20 2 72 Enter object s coordinates 2 2 2 0 0 0 000 000 00 4 20 Zla PIOUCWIVE iach ce ok Sete eR a A Bes ee PR Sa soa 21 DIA Niewschar ts a a dra bos ee a hw A a ge RAO Re a A KR Soe 22 2 8 The Tools menu ac ears sk Seed A aoe EES We Ra 23 2 8 Mast rdark gt uti Marie a dia Ge GE a EA 23 28 2 Master flat arc a ee BA Pos EE ea a 23 2 83 Find Variables ia Saree we a Sia eee ead Ge Ee a LA 23 23 4 Plot track stas e oae d batea el a Ee BA Pos ES lat a 24 2 8 9 Process New TIES is ce foo aye OE ed BW a oe tra te a 25 2 8 0 Express teductiOn c s acp sa 4 Soe ee eo oe oe Se ee tee a 26 2 8 7 Make catalogue file o o e e 26 288 e Preferences aria amosa cee ee dies o Ba shel PINs iia tm Se soe Se Y 27 2 9 The Windows
121. t intended for reduction process purpose This additional function only assists to displaying the content of any file The file must contain CCD frame photometry file catalogue file or text table in one of supported formats see the section 5 Select the Open file in the Files menu to open dialog window Specify the directory and select the file which you want to open Click on Open to confirm the selection The program automatically detects the file format and opens appropriate preview window Use the Close button to close the preview window 2 3 6 Exit Click on Exit in Files menu to close the program 2 4 The Corrections menu 2 4 1 Time correction The time correction modifies the date and time of observations by adding or subtracting a specified time interval The correction can be used repeatedly on one file since the function is cumulative so the intervals are sumarised For example if you add 60 seconds and then add 40 seconds the resulting observation time will be shifted by 100 seconds Click on the Time correction in the Corrections menu to open dialog window Select the options to choose the way how to enter the time interval You can enter either the exact value in seconds or days or enter interval by specifying two dates In this case the program will compute the difference between the dates and modifies the observations times by appropriate number of seconds If you want to modify several source files only select the fil
122. table for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup or absence of markup has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text A copy that is not Transparent is called Opaque Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup Texinfo input format LaTeX input format SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD and standard conforming simple HTML PostScript or PDF designed for human modification Examples of trans parent image formats include PNG XCF and JPG Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors SGML or XML for which the DTD and or processing tools are not generally available and the machine generated HTML PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only The Title Page means for a printed book the title page itself plus such following pages as are needed to hold legibly the material this License requires to appear in the title page For works in formats which do not have any title page as such Title Page means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work s title preceding the beginning of the body of the text A section Entitl
123. tar and all check stars but also the relative brightness of the comparison star with respect to check stars and all other combinations These values are used to check whether the comparison star is not variable too A table with a list of available data in file occurrs in the panel bottom part the first column is displayed by default To view another light curve select the appropriate row in the table The Show errors option allows to switch on off displaying the error lines Light curve graph y tae resent A E So A Save data Save image 0 4 Print graph Help 03 T Show errors Columns i JD 2452909 479 V C 0 11 mag Selected point JD 2452909 47561 V C 0 081 0 007 mag Frame tmp00005 fts 2 52909 35 52909 40 52909 45 52909 50 52909 55 52909 60 52909 65 The final processed files containing data of light curve shall be saved properly either to source files folder or to user specified one In the dialog window press Save data button and specify a directory and filename confirm by the Save button The output files are saved into the results subdirectory in the application directory by default The path can be changed in the preferencies menu This folder is accessible directly from the user interface see the section 2 9 2 In the light curve graph it is possible to display further information click on the curve point by left mouse button The selected point is marked by yellow circ
124. ter are not included in the computation The variables specified in the skymed and skysing parameters receive values of mean value and standard deviation respectively The function has no return value void cmpack_fullsky int nx int ny float ccd float skymed float skysig The function computes a value of sky brightness by means of the robust mean algorithm This routine 1s optimized to the precision because in countrast to the previous routine it uses all pixels of a source frame The nx and ny parameters are dimensions of the frame in pixels Frame data is given in the ccd parameter in the form of a array of single precision real numbers The variables specified in the skymed and skysing parameters receive values of mean value and standard deviation respectively The function has no return value 4 1 4 Astronomical functions double cmpack_siderealtime double 3d The function computes value of Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time The jd parameter specifies the date and time in for of Julian date corresponding value of sidereal time in days is returned double cmpack_airmass double jd double obj_ra double obj_dec double obs_lon double obs_lat The function computes value of air mass coefficient The jd parameter specifies the date and time in form of Julian date The obj_ra parameter is right ascension of an observed object in hours obj_dec 46 4 C MUNIPACK LIBRARY parameter is declination of an object in degrees Next
125. tial value 1 y reverse mode jdhel jdgeo Configuration files None Terminal mode commands r Sets reverse mode jdhel jdgeo n Sets normal mode jdgeo jdhel ra hhmmss Sets right ascension dec ddmmss Sets declination h nebo Prints short help empty line Prints current coordinates q Exits program Example 1 The program converts geocentric julian dates in data dat file to heliocentric dates and the resulting table stores in helioc dat file Object s coordinates are R A 22 00 DEC 58 10 C cmunipack bin gt helcor mask helioc dat ra 2200 dec 5810 data dat HELCOR Version 1 1 7 data dat gt helioc dat C cmunipack bin gt type data dat JD V C sl V C1 s2 V C2 s3 C C1 s4 C C2 s5 C1 C2 s6 3 3 OTHER PROGRAMS Aperture 2 00 Filter Cle 2452909 31733 0 134 0 004 2452909 33373 0 147 0 004 2452909 35161 0 164 0 004 C cmunipack bin gt type helio JD V C sl V C1 s2 V C2 s3 C Aperture 2 00 Filter Cle 2452909 31478 0 134 0 004 2452909 33118 0 147 0 004 2452909 34906 0 164 0 004 C Munipack bin gt _ 0 212 0 220 0 236 c dat C1 s ar 0 212 0 220 0 236 39 0 004 0 004 0 004 C C2 s5 C1 C2 s6 0 004 0 004 0 004 Example 2 Convert GJD 2452909 31733 to heliocentric date and back using terminal mode Object s coordinates are R A 22 gt 00 and DEC 58 10 C cmunipack bin gt helcor helcor C Munipack 1 1 8 This
126. to include the value of air mass coefficient to output files unchecked Observatory name of the observatory optional empty Longitude longitude of the observatory Examples E 16 02 45 160245 or 16 0458 Positive values correspond to locations to the east and negative values are regarded as locations to the west of zero meridian empty Latitude latitude of the observatory Examples N 49 13 00 491300 or 49 2167 Positive values correspond to locations to the north and negative values are regarded as locations to the south of equator empty Note 1 Instrumental magnitudes are intended for further processing only and allows experienced users perform their own post processing algorithms they are not absolute magnitudes and so they do not correspond to the values listed in stellar catalogues Note 2 Observatory name is always optional The coordinates are required only if the air mass coefficient shall be computed This feature is disabled by default Tools This section is intended for configuration of auxiliary utilities which are accessible in the Tools menu The meaning of the parameters are discused in the description of the tools see chapter 2 8 Catalogues This section of the Preferencies dialog is intended for observers of variable stars It is neccessary to fill the data only if you want to search the object s coordinates during the reduction process in the catalogues of variable stars The catalo
127. tometric files made in the previous step e g finding the corresponding stars on all the files using one chosen image From the Matching menu choose the Match stars option In the dialog click on the option Reference frame and mark the image you want to use as the reference one and confirm your choice by pushing the OK button Star matching ioj x Use reference frame Y OK C catalogue file X Cancel Select reference frame FileName Date andtime Stas_ Help tmp00001 srt 2003 09 26 19 36 47 2 tmpO0002 srt 2003 09 26 20 26 09 436 Y Show preview 2 tmp00003 srt 2003 09 26 21 27 39 446 IV Autoconstrast 2 tmp00004 srt 2003 09 26 22 23 47 607 Invert 2 tmp00005 srt 387 tmp00007 srt 2003 09 27 01 20 39 579 vane tmp00008 stt 2003 09 27 01 59 03 608 aa age ace ate lt A 9 tmp00009 srt 2003 09 27 02 37 38 597 tmp00010 srt 2003 09 27 03 11 21 531 tmp00011 stt 2003 09 27 03 48 00 342 Es 5 Date 2003 09 27 Time 00 36 07 000 Filter Clear 2 THE MUNIWIN PROGRAM If using the demo data choose the tmp00006 srt image The best image is usually the one with the most stars on it and in the preview displayed in the right bottom corner of the dialog this image should not be visibly damaged 10 The last part of the reduction is matching of the light curve in the Plotting menu click on Choose stars In the dialog window the reference
128. tring the second parameter points to the variable 4 1 AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS 43 where the output value shall be stored to If the transformation has been successful it returns zero Otherwise the MPK_INVALID_PAR code is returned Supported formats ddd mm ss s dddmmss s or dd dddd void cmpack_ratostr double ra char buf The function translates right ascension in hours to its string representation The first parameter spec ifies the input value The buf parameter is pointer to the allocated memory at least 9 bytes where the null terminated output string shall be stored to The function has no return value Supported format hh mm ss void cmpack_dectostr double dec char buf The function translates declination in degrees to its string representation The first parameter specifies the input value The buf parameter is pointer to the allocated memory at least 11 bytes where the null terminated output string shall be stored to The function has no return value Supported format ddd mm ss int cmpack_strtolat const char buf double lat The function translates a string representation of latitude to a real number in degrees The buf pa rameter is pointer to the null terminated input string the second parameter points to the variable where the output value shall be stored to If the transformation has been successful it returns zero Otherwise the MPK_INVALID_PAR code is returned Supported formats N dd mm ss Nddmmss
129. ttributes width height frame size in pixels Model s s reference position and magnitude of stars Attributes id identifier x y position in pixels relative to left top corner of the frame m instru mental magnitude e std deviation of magnitude Model Empty 5 5 Configuration files Configuration files of the C Munipack package are text files every parameter is written on a separate line There is always a parameter key followed by an equals sign then a value is present Op tionally there can be a comment separated by the sharp character In some cases the value can be enclosed in parentheses or in single quotes The spaces or tabs white space are ignored if they are at the beginning of the line or around an equals sign or at the end of the line The end of the line should be represented by CR LF in the DOS MS Windows environment and by LF in the Unix Linux environment It is allowed to add comments to the file each line starting with a sharp character up to the end of the line is considered a comment and ignored The lines containing only white spaces or comments are ignored too 5 5 1 Apertures ini The definitions of the apertures used in the photometry are stored in the Apertures ini file The values are always in pixels Not all of the lines need to be defined if there is some unused aperture it is skipped and the brightness of the star with this aperture is not calculated e Al A2 A12 radius
130. two parameters specify observer s geographical coordinates in degrees The function returns output value which is positive if the object is above the horizon and negative if the object is below the horizon void cmpack_rdtolb double obj_ra double obj_de double obj_la dou ble obj_be The function transforms coordinates from the equatorial system to the ecliptical one The obj_ra parameter is right ascension of an observed object in hours obj_dec parameter is declination of an object in degrees The next two parameters are pointers to the variables which receive corresponding ecliptical coordinates in degrees The function has no return value void empack_sun double jd double sun_ls double sun_rs The function computes celestial position of the Sun and distance between the Sun and the Earth The jd parameter specifies the date and time in form of Julian date The sun_ls parameter receives the ecliptic longitude of the Sun and the corresponding distance between the Earth and the Sun in astronomical units AU is passed out by the sun_rs parameter double cmpack_hcor double obj_la double obj_be double sun_ls dou ble sun_rs The function computes value of heliocentric correction The input parameters specify the ecliptic coordinates of the observed object in degrees obj_la and obj_be and the ecliptic longitude and the distance of the Sun in degrees and astronomical units respectively sub_ls and sun_rs The function retur
131. value 1 Configuration files None Example The following command shifts time of observation of kout0001 fts by 1 hour to the future The output shall be written to tout0001 fts file C cmunipack bin gt timebat tcor 3600 kout0001 fts Time correction 3600 s kout0001 fts gt tout0001 fits C Munipack bin gt _ 3 2 3 Darkbat Dark frame correction The Darkbat program applies dark frame correction to a set of source frames It means that it sub tracts the dark frame from source files and the results writes to the output file The source frames and also dark frame must be in FITS format and of same dimensions Frames of the same exposition duration should be used The output file is in FITS format too Parameters dirfile name of text file with list of source files the program will read the list of source files from stdin dark file name of dark frame file mask mask mask of output file s dark fts imagel names of source files no wildcards dfile name of dark frame file equivalent with dark omask mask of output file s equivalent with mask CX counter initial value 1 Configuration files None Example The following command applies dark frame correction of kout0001 fts using dark fts as dark frame The output is written to dout0001 fts C Munipack bin gt darkbat dark dark fts dout0001 fts Using dark frame dark fts kout0001 fts gt dout0001 fts C
132. window Double click on preview opens a dialog with full resolution image The preview features can be modified by selecting the check boxes e Preview turns the preview display on and off It s a good idea to turn off the preview on slow computers 2 3 THE FILES MENU 15 e Autocontrast check on if you want the program to compute automatically the brightness and contrast of displayed image Uncheck the box if you want to use the values stored in the file header e Invert switches positive and negative display rendering The Drag amp Drop function From the Windows menu open the Show Input files window Using Windows explorer This com puter find the folder where the source files are located Mark the files you want to process press and hold the left mouse button Drag the files onto Muniwin icon on system bar Wait till the program switches to foreground then move the mouse to the Input files window and release the mouse button By the similar way you can drag and drop files from any other file manager The Copy amp Paste function From the Windows menu open the Show Input files window Using Windows explorer This com puter find the folder where the source files are located Mark the files you want to reduce and press the right mouse button In the context menu select the Copy item Switch back to Muniwin program and in the Input files window press the right button again In the context menu select the Paste
133. y Category Format specifiers Format modifiers MPK_FORMAT_DIFFMAG Differential magnitudes MPK_FORMAT_INSTMAG Instrumental magnitudes MPK_ FORMAT _READALL The Read all format MPK_FORMAT_TRACKLST Track list format MPK_FORMAT_JDHEL Store helioc JD instead of geocentric one MPK_FORMAT_HELCOR Include value of heliocentric correction MPK_FORMAT_AIRMASS Include value of air mass coefficient Table 4 5 Destination file format constants 5 Files In this chapter you will find the description of all file formats used in the C Munipack project Fol lowing text is arranged into four sections In the first part the supported formats of input files are introduced The detailed description of output files is included in the second section Next part con sists of the description of photometry and catalogue files In the closing part the configuration files are described All keywords and invariant phrases which are included directly in the files are printed in cursive font Names of files and directories are printed in teletype face Default values of parameters are places in the square brackets 5 1 Input files In this section of the user manual the overview of CCD file formats is introduced The FITS format which has become a standard in practice is most common of them In the C Munipack project this format has been also chosen for storing temporary image data between the individual parts of the reduction pipeline
134. zes the internal variables You must call the match_clean function when the processing was finished to free the memory allo cated by this function The reffile parameter specifies the path and name of the reference file The oprfile parameter is the path and name of the configuration file munimatch ini If NULL value is given the program uses default path and name The function returns zero on success and error code on failure int match const char infile const char outfile int mstar The match function performs star matching on a single photometry file The source file is identified by its path and name in the infile parameter The outfile parameter specify the name of the output file it cannot be NULL If the mstar parameter isn t NULL the total number of stars matched is passed out through it Zero is returned on success and error code on failure int match_clean void This function frees the memory buffers allocated by the match_init function 4 2 CCD FRAME REDUCTION 51 4 2 7 Listing This set of functions are used for matched processing photometry files and making output data reports in various format int mlist_init const char optfile int aper int outfrm int nstar int stars const char ra const char dec const char lon const char lat The function reads the configuration file and initializes the internal variables You must call the mlist_clean function when the processing was finished to free the memory a

C-Munipack 1.1 User's manual

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