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Open Transport/PPP User's Manual

1. 9 123 4567 ia Status Connected at 14400 bps Connected to 17 221 08 017 Time connected 0 00 45 Time remaining Unlimited Send Feceive Click here for onscreen help You can click this button to open the Macintosh Guide and see topics related to OT PPP For further information see Displaying Onscreen Help in Chapter 1 10 Before You Begin 1 Installing Open Transport PPP This chapter explains how to install and set up your Open Transport PPP OT PPP software so that you can connect to the Internet or to other TCP IP networks Once you are ready to connect to a network and have set up OT PPP you can use OT PPP to access the PPP server of your choice Before you can connect to a network There are some conditions that you must meet before you can connect to a network Normally before you can connect to a network be it a corporate or governmental network or the Internet you need the following Your computer must be physically connected to a modem that is compatible with the computer whether the modem is built in to the computer or is external The modem must be connected to a telephone line You generally need an account on the server to which you are planning to connect Some servers let users without accounts log in as Guest Consult your Internet service provider or network administrator about what you need If you have an account the server will require you to enter your user name and
2. a lets you access TCP IP networks over PPP works with Open Transport lets you use remote terminals to save your connection routines as connect scripts a lets you use AppleScript to automate connecting and disconnecting a allows system administrators to lock the settings of the Modem PPP and TCP IP control panels so the settings can be distributed to users and remain unaltered What you need to know This book assumes you have no previous experience using PPP or TCP IP However it does assume that you are familiar with the network you are using or logging in to or the requirements of your Internet service provider For this information contact the network administrator or the Internet service provider What s covered in this manual 8 Before You Begin This manual contains the following chapters and appendixes Installing Open Transport PPP hardware and software requirements installing OT PPP Setting Up OT PPP setting up the Modem TCP IP and PPP control panels and their options saving a configuration Using OT PPP connecting via the PPP control panel connecting through a command line host using connect scripts connecting automatically dialing out manually and using the activity log Using Configurations using multiple configurations making different configurations active duplicating naming creating exporting importing and deleting configurations Troubleshooting solving several common
3. Open Transport PPP User s Manual Apple Computer Inc 1996 Apple Computer Inc All rights reserved Under the copyright laws this manual may not be copied in whole or in part without the written consent of Apple Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software license agreement The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer Inc registered in the U S and other countries Use of the keyboard Apple logo Option Shift K for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate Apple is not responsible for printing or clerical errors Apple Computer Inc 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino CA 95014 2084 408 996 1010 http www apple com Apple the Apple logo AppleScript Mac Macintosh and PowerBook are trademarks of Apple Computer Inc registered in the U S and other countries Netscape Navigator is a trademark of Netscape Communications Corporation PowerPC is a trademark of International Business Machines Inc used under license therefrom Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada Mention of third party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performan
4. The following scripts are available PPP Connect This script prompts you for basic information and starts the OT PPP connection Connection information not explicitly passed to the PPP connect verb is taken from the active PPP configuration PPP Disconnect This script disconnects OT PPP if there is an active PPP connection PPP Reconnect This differs from PPP Connect in that it attempts to reestablish a connection if PPP status returns idle for example if the PPP server disconnects you because of a timeout or similar reason PPP Save Log This script prompts you for the name and location of a new file that it will create for the current text of the OT PPP activity log The text is a tab delimited ASCII version of the full contents of the activity log file PPP Status This script displays the current status of the OT PPP software If there is no active connection the status is idle If there is a connection this script causes information such as connection time elapsed and time remaining to be displayed A time value of 1 means no limit 60 Appendix B Using AppleScript with OT PPP AppleScript OT PPP commands The AppleScript commands for OT PPP including parameters are listed here PPP connect Initiates a PPP connection PPP connect address string The connection address telephone number user name string The user name cannot use guest address password string The user password cannot
5. Directly in Chapter 3 Chapter 2 Setting Up OT PPP Setting PPP options The PPP options allow you to control various aspects of the OT PPP s behavior To access the options do the following Click the Options button in the PPP control panel A dialog box containing three tabs appears which allows you to set three sets of options protocol connection and redialing Setting the protocol options Click the Protocol tab to display the protocol options pp tions Redialing Protocol E Allow error correction and compression in modem E Use TCF header compression T Connect to a command line host Use terminal window a Use connect script tno script selected gt Import Script Export Script The first two options Allow error correction and compression in modem and Use TCP header compression are selected by default when you first install OT PPP They can improve performance Click the checkboxes to turn them off only if you experience difficulties in making or maintaining a connection see You are Unable to Connect to a Server in Chapter 5 Setting PPP options 25 The third option Connect to a command line host allows you to connect to a server that requires you to log in by entering information such as your login name and password into a terminal window If you are connecting through a command line host you need to click the Connect to a command line host checkb
6. a comma between parts of the number where a pause might be needed Inserting a second comma lengthens the pause For example the following entries cause OT PPP to dial a 9 to get an outside line then pause before dialing the rest of the number Jp DOO Zoe Ong Doz Z 4 Make sure you re using the correct modem script for your modem and that the script came from Apple or the manufacturer of your modem To test if the problem is your modem and script try connecting with a different modem 52 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting The server you re calling may require that you log in to a command line host through a terminal window Try selecting the Connect to a command line host protocol option From the PPP control panel click the Options button then click the Protocol tab to display the protocol options The server you re calling lets you connect directly but you ve selected the Connect to a command line host protocol option Try turning this option off From the PPP control panel click the Options button then click the Protocol tab to display the protocol options Try deselecting the Allow error correction and compression in modem protocol option From the PPP control panel click the Options button then click the Protocol tab to display the protocol options You can t maintain the connection If you are losing the connection check the following Servers sometimes develop problems that log us
7. a terminal window OT PPP now attempts to make the connection If you haven t saved your password you are prompted to enter it now The program attempts to make the connection During this attempt the Connect button changes to a Cancel button which you can press to cancel the attempted connection Once the connection is made the Connect button changes to a Disconnect button as shown here PPP Default Connect via Modem SS lt lt lt lt i Registered User O Guest Marine nare E Save password Number 9 123 4567 1 ee ee eee ea eee pow Status es Connected at 14400 bps Connected to 17 221 05 017 Time connected 0 00 49 Time remaining Unlimited Send Feceive The status window provides the connection speed time connected time remaining and the Internet address of the server host Note If you checked Connect to a command line host in the Protocol Options dialog box when you set up the PPP control panel for the configuration you re using you are connected to a terminal window see Connecting Through a Command Line Host later in this chapter To dial out manually instead of having the PPP control panel dial a preset number when you press Connect see Using Manual Dialing later in this chapter You can also set your options to connect automatically whenever you open a TCP IP application such as Netscape Navigator or Fetch See Connecting Automatically later i
8. at the other end of this connection message string r o The most recent message received for this connection baud string r o The baud rate established for this connection bytes in integer r o Number of bytes received during this connection bytes out integer r p Number of bytes sent during this connection AppleScript OT PPP commands 61 Error codes This section contains a partial list of the error codes that can be returned from OT PPP AppleScript commands with corresponding descriptions You can use this information to tailor your script s responses to errors Note The error numbers are not in strict sequence Some numbers in the sequence may be missing Other error codes may be returned from other parts of the Mac OS during execution of an OT PPP AppleScript command 7102 7103 7104 7105 7106 7107 7108 7109 7110 7111 7112 7113 7114 7115 7116 7117 7118 7120 OT PPP did not load properly at system start up OT PPP could not set up a port OT PPP is out of memory The requested action is not supported One or more resources are missing from OT PPP s installed files The Remote Access Connections file is not compatible with the installed version of OT PPP An action requiring a connection was requested when there was no connection The connection attempt or established connection was terminated by the user The user name is unknown The pa
9. most probably a password Consult your Internet service provider or network administrator about whether you need a password and whether the administrator has already assigned you a password You need specific information to set up the modem TCP IP and PPP as described in Chapter 2 Hardware and software requirements OT PPP requires the following hardware and software acomputer running the Macintosh operating system Mac OS with a 68030 68040 or PowerPC microprocessor a at least 8 megabytes MB of RAM a system software version 7 1 or 7 1 2 or system software version 7 5 3 or later not earlier versions of system 7 5 a Open Transport 1 1 1 or later Installing OT PPP Follow these instructions to install the OT PPP software 1 Open the OT PPP folder 2 Double click the Installer icon He OT PPP Installation 12 Chapter 1 Installing Open Transport PPP 3 Click Continue in the Welcome screen that appears An Installer screen similar to the one shown below appears Open Transport PPP Installation Easy Install F Click the Install button to install Open Transport PPF for PowerPC Macintoshes Destination Disk L Macintosh HD 4 Click Install The software is installed in the OT PPP folder or in the folder you have designated 5 Restart your computer The software is now ready to use Preparing to use OT PPP During the OT PPP installation two control panels are placed in your System Fol
10. options in the menus will be described as appropriate later in this manual Each of these control panels lets you enter specific items of information When you have entered the information you have created a configuration To learn about creating and using multiple configurations in case you have to log in to different networks or use different modems see Chapter 4 Setting up the Modem control panel The Modem control panel lets you specify which port your modem is connected to which modem you are using whether you want the modem speaker on or off whether your telephone uses touch tone or pulse dialing and whether to ignore the dial tone IMPORTANT If you are connecting through a serial cable rather than through a modem see Appendix D Follow these instructions to set up the Modem control panel 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu 2 Open the Modem control panel The following screen appears Modem Default Connect wia Modern Fort Setup Modem Global Village Gold Silve Y Sound i On O Off Dialing m Tone E Fulse E lgnore dial tone 18 Chapter 2 Setting Up OT PPP 3 4 In the Connect via pop up menu choose the port to which your modem is connected In the Modem pop up menu choose the modem you are using Modem scripts for many popular modems are included with the OT PPP software and are installed when you install the software IMPORTANT If your modem does not appear in the
11. the case you can see all the entries by exporting the log to a text file and opening or printing the file Exporting the log to a file To export the activity log to a file follow these instructions Click the Export button In the dialog box that appears choose a destination and a name for the file You can print the file or open it to read it Clearing the log To clear the log click the Clear button Using the activity log 43 Disconnecting To disconnect from the network do this Click Disconnect in the PPP control panel IMPORTANT Unless you set the Connections options to remind you to disconnect when you are finished with the network or to disconnect automatically you might forget to disconnect Be sure to disconnect or you are likely to find yourself piling up large charges from the telephone company and your Internet service provider See Remembering to Disconnect in the section Setting the Connection Options in Chapter 2 Note If you are using AppleScript your script can include the disconnect instruction PPP disconnect See Appendix B OT PPP disconnects automatically when you shut down or restart your computer In the case of PowerBooks putting the computer to sleep also causes OT PPP to disconnect automatically 44 Chapter 3 Using OT PPP Using Configurations The term configuration is used to describe all the settings that you specify for a control panel This chapter explains how to w
12. unable to connect to a server 52 You can t maintain the connection 53 ou are unable to dial manually 54 OT PPP connects when you start your Macintosh 54 CP IP applications don t start OT PPP automatically 54 Appendix A For System Administrators 55 Appendix B Using AppleScript With OT PPP 5S ample scripts 60 AppleScript OT PPP commands 61 Appendix C Additions to the CCL Scri Appendix D Using Null Modem Scripts 6 Index 69 Contents 5 Before You Begin The Apple Open Transport PPP OT PPP software allows you to connect your computer to remote TCP IP networks such as corporate networks and the Internet using a modem and the telephone system It includes control panels for your modem and for Point to Point Protocol PPP as well as onscreen help for using these control panels The Internet is the global network of networks It consists of an interconnection of countless computers and networks located throughout the world By connecting to the Internet you can gain access to a vast and rapidly expanding repository of information and a means of communicating nearly instantaneously with people all over the world OT PPP is part of Apple s Open Transport networking software It establishes connections using PPP which is an industry standard protocol for establishing remote connections and is one of the most commonly used networking protocols OT PPP provides the following capabilities
13. use guest address guest access boolean Guest access cannot use name or password terminal window boolean Open terminal window connect script alias Use this connect script quiet mode boolean The result code check the Open Transport PPP Errors List Result small integer The result code check the Open Transport PPP Errors list PPP disconnect Closes a PPP connection PPP disconnect after integer Number of seconds until disconnect Result small integer The result code check the Open Transport PPP Errors list PPP status Retrieves the status of a PPP connection Result PPPStatusParam The resulting status information PPP save log Saves the PPP log to a disk file PPP save log to file specification Name of the file to which the log is saved clearing entries boolean Should the log entries be cleared after saving appending boolean Should the log entries be appended to the disk file Result small integer the result code check the Open Transport PPP Errors list Class PPPStatusParam PPP connection status parameters Properties state unknown idle connecting connected disconnecting r o State of this connection seconds connected integer r o Time connected in seconds seconds remaining integer r o Time left for this connection in seconds user name string r o The name of the user for this connection server name string r o The name of the system
14. 5 Enter name server addresses If you have chosen Manually in the Configure pop up menu enter an IP address Obtain these from your network administrator or from your Internet service provider 6 Click OK 7 Close the TCP IP control panel then click Save in the dialog box that appears You are now set up to connect to a specific PPP server If you want to connect to a different one you must enter different information into the TCP IP control panel that is you must create a new configuration For information on creating and using multiple configurations see Chapter 4 22 Chapter 2 Setting Up OT PPP Setting up PPP The PPP control panel is the place where you enter information about your PPP connections To set up PPP follow these instructions 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu 2 Open the PPP control panel The following screen appears PPP Default Connect via Modem Connection m Registered User O Guest Save password Status Idle 3 Click Guest or Registered User Whether you should access the remote server as a guest or a registered user depends on the rules for that server Check with the server s administrator Note If you clicked Guest skip steps 4 through 6 4 Type your PPP user name in the Name text box Obtain this name from your Internet service provider or network administrator Setting up PPP 23 24 5 Type your PPP password in the Password text box Obtai
15. Use terminal window m Use connect script conmect 1 Import Script Export Script 4 Click OK in the Protocol Options dialog box When you connect automatically dial out manually see Connecting Automatically and Using Manual Dialing next in this chapter or click Connect in the PPP control panel the script takes over If you save the settings to create or modify a configuration the script you imported will control your initial interaction with the command line host when you use this configuration Connecting automatically If you configure PPP to connect automatically OT PPP automatically attempts a connection whenever you launch a TCP IP application such as Netscape Navigator or Fetch If you have not already configured PPP for automatic connection follow these instructions 40 Chapter 3 Using OT PPP 1 Click Options in the PPP control panel then click the Connection tab The dialog box shown here appears Options Redialing Connection Connect automatically when starting TEF IF applications L Use verbose logging Reminders E Flash icon in menu bar while connected E Prompt every minutes ta maintain connection E Disconnect if idle for minutes Click the Connect automatically when starting TCP IP applications checkbox to put an X in it Click OK and then close and save the configuration IMPORTANT If you are set up to connect automatically changes in the active co
16. ashing icon is displayed continuously over the Apple menu as long as you are connected The Prompt every minutes to maintain connection option allows you to specify the number of minutes between prompts If the option is selected a dialog box appears after the number of minutes you have specified in the number box has passed Press OK to maintain your PPP connection If you don t click OK to close the dialog box you are disconnected automatically a The Disconnect if idle for minutes option allows you to specify the number of minutes that can pass with no network traffic If the option is selected you are disconnected automatically after the interval you have specified in the number box has elapsed if there has been no activity IMPORTANT Be aware that your Internet service provider might also have a time limit after which you are disconnected automatically if there is no data exchanged to or from your computer 28 Chapter 2 Setting Up OT PPP Setting the redialing options There are three redialing options available a Off If the number you have dialed is busy the system will not redial automatically a Redial main number only If the number you have dialed is busy the system redials the main number You may enter the number of seconds between redialings and the number of redialings you want Redial main and alternate numbers If the number you have dialed is busy the system will redial a
17. ce or use of these products Contents Before You Begin 7 Installing Open Transport PPP 11 Before you can connect to a network 11 Hardware and software requirements 12 Installing OT PPP 12 Preparing to use OT PPP 13 Displaying onscreen help 14 Setting Up OT PPP 17 Setting up the Modem control panel 18 Setting up TCP IP for PPP 20 Setting up PPP 23 Setting PPP options 25 Setting the protocol options 25 Setting the connection options 27 Setting the redialing options 29 Saving your configuration 31 Where to go from here 31 4 Contents 3 Using OT PPP 33 Connecting directly 33 Connecting through a command line host 35 Using a terminal window 35 Using aconnect script 38 Saving aconnect script 38 Importing a connect script 39 Connecting automatically 40 Using manual dialing 42 Using the activity log 42 Exporting the log to a file 43 Clearing the log 43 Disconnecting 44 Using Configurations 45 Displaying the Configurations dialog box 46 Creating a new configuration 48 Making a different configuration active 48 Altering a configuration 49 Renaming a configuration 49 Exporting a configuration to a file 50 Importing a configuration 50 Deleting a configuration 50 Troubleshooting 51 Your modem isn t listed in the Modem control panel 51 You are unable to make acall 51 You can t hear the modem working 52 You are
18. creating and using multiple configurations see Chapter 4 Where to go from here 31 Using OT PPP Once you have set up the OT PPP software as described in Chapter 2 you need to know whether the remote server requires you to connect directly or through a command line host which you can do either by entering your login information into a terminal window or by using a previously saved connect script Whether you log in to the server directly or through a command line host you can set up PPP to connect automatically when you start a TCP IP application such as Netscape Navigator or Fetch You can also dial out manually or connect and disconnect by using an AppleScript applet See Appendix B for information on using AppleScript with OT PPP Connecting directly 1 To connect through the PPP control panel follow these instructions Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu 2 Open the PPP control panel The current PPP settings appear If this is your only PPP configuration or the configuration you want to use skip to Step 4 If you want to use a different saved configuration go to Step 3 In the File menu select Configuration then select the configuration you want to use and click Make Active The Configurations dialog box disappears leaving the PPP control panel displayed For a discussion of the Configurations dialog box see Chapter 4 34 Click Connect If you saved your password and if you are not using
19. der Modem a PPP You need to do the following Configure these control panels Modify your TCP IP configuration with the TCP IP control panel installed by Open Transport For instructions see Setting Up the Modem Control Panel Setting Up TCP IP for PPP and Setting Up PPP in Chapter 2 Installing OT PPP 13 14 Displaying onscreen help If you are using system software version 7 5 3 or later you have access to Macintosh Guide which displays help panels on screen that teach you how to use your software There are two ways to open onscreen help while using OT PPP Click the question mark in the lower left corner of a control panel PPP Default Connect via Modem Connection m Registered User oi Guest Password E Save password Number 9 1223 4567 Status Connected at 14400 bps Connected to 17 221 08 017 Time connected 0 00 49 Time remaining Unlimited Send Feceive Click here for onscreen help Chapter 1 Installing Open Transport PPP Macintosh Guide opens in the Look For mode with a list of topics related to the control panel you have opened Cde Topics Index Look For Click the arrow then type the 3 Click a phrase then click OF term you want help on lt About connecting to the Internet vith PPP How dol set up my modem set up TCP IP for PRP conmect to the Internet with PPP disconnect with PPP save my PPP information set red
20. ers out without explanation Try calling back later You might also try a different service provider If you have call waiting an incoming call can interrupt the connection In the PPP control panel precede the phone number with the code to turn off call waiting Check with your telephone company to find out the code to use Many servers automatically end a connection if it is inactive for a certain time Check with your Internet service provider or network administrator Some combinations of modems work better than others Your modem may not be a good match for the modem of the server you re calling If possible try calling an alternate number for the server or using a different modem You may have noisy phone lines If you can hear a crackle during a normal voice call have your line checked by your phone company You can t maintain the connection 53 You are unable to dial manually If you have trouble using the Dial Manually feature contact the modem manufacturer to be sure the modem script has been upgraded to support the latest features available with OT PPP OT PPP connects when you start your Macintosh If you don t want OT PPP to connect automatically to the Internet when you start up your computer make sure the Load only when needed checkbox in the TCP IP Options dialog box has an X in it You open the TCP IP Options dialog box by clicking the Options button in the TCP IP control panel If the Options butt
21. for setting a password is activated Proceed to step 4 If you have already used administration mode and have a password go to step 5 4 Click Change Password The Administration Password dialog box appears as follows Administration Password Set password for Administration access If you have already created a password the Administration Password dialog box appears as follows Administration Password Please enter the Administration password for access to this user mode 56 Appendix A For System Administrators Type the password type it in both boxes if you are creating an administration password for the first time and click OK The control panel now shows open locks alongside the various text boxes as shown in this illustration PPP Default Connect via Modem Connection io Registered User a Guest ane ri aot a E Save password vee ri Status Idle Locking control panels 57 6 Click the lock icons to lock the text boxes you want to lock In the following illustration all three text boxes have been locked PPP Default Connect via Modem Connection m Registered User O Guest Name name Password 88008 E Sawe password Mumber 9 123 4567 Status Idle To return to basic mode follow these instructions 1 Inthe Edit menu choose User Mode 2 Click Basic in the User Mode dialog box 58 Appendix A For System Administrators Appendix B Using AppleScrip
22. ial options far PPP set auto connect options for PPP use the PPP Activity Log change all modem settings at ance You can also do the following Choose Macintosh Guide in the Guide menu the at the right of the menu bar Click one of the three buttons at the top of the window If you clicked the Topics button the following window of Macintosh Guide appears E Ej S Index Look For About telecommiunications connecting to the Internet vith PPP How dol set up my modem T l ecommunications set up TCP IP for PPP Sharing Files connect to the Internet with PPP DOS Windows Apple I Files set command line host options for PPP Automating Tasks set redial options for PPP Tips amp Features jii set connection rerminder options for PPP set auto connect options for PPP E Create a connect script You can use Macintosh Guide in any of three ways by clicking the Topics Index or Look For button Installing OT PPP 15 setting Up OT PPP This chapter explains how to set up your OT PPP software so that you can connect to the Internet or to other TCP IP networks Once you are ready to connect to a network and have set up OT PPP you can access the PPP server of your choice Before you can use OT PPP you must set up three control panels TCP IP Modem and PPP Notice that these are also applications with their own menu bars You can pull down the menus to see what you can do in each control panel Individual
23. ialing attempts If you have chosen Redial main and alternate numbers type the alternate telephone number The main number is the number entered in the main screen of the PPP control panel 4 Click OK when you have finished specifying the options you want 30 Chapter 2 Setting Up OT PPP Saving your configuration If you have changed any settings in a TCP IP Modem or PPP control panel you are automatically prompted to save the current configuration when you close the control panel You are also prompted to save the configuration if you choose Configuration in the File menu of any of the above mentioned control panels The Configuration option in the File menu is discussed in Chapter 4 To save the changes you have made in the control panel s settings do this Click the Save button in the dialog box that appears when you close the control panel or when you choose Configuration in the File menu A Save changes to the current configuration Note There is no other way to save a configuration These control panels do not have Save or Save As commands in their File menus Where to go from here After you click OK to confirm your settings in each of the options dialog boxes the PPP control panel reappears You can press Connect to begin dialing out or you can close the control panel to save the configuration for later use For further instructions on connecting and using OT PPP see Chapter 3 For instructions on
24. ider national internet provider E t wia office Hport Duplicate Rename Delete Make Active You can display this dialog box or one like it with the TCP IP control panel the Modem control panel or the PPP control panel open 46 Chapter 4 Using Configurations IMPORTANT A change in the configuration in one control panel doesn t automatically change the configurations in other control panels that you need For example when you try to access a server that requires a new PPP configuration and a new TCP IP configuration you must select the appropriate configurations in both control panels You are urged to give all configurations for a given environment closely related names so that it is immediately apparent which configurations need to be used together You can create as many configurations as you like you can save them export them import them rename them and change them at any time Let s assume that you set up PPP by entering the appropriate settings in the PPP control panel and that you saved the settings when you closed the control panel thus creating a saved configuration If you were setting up the control panel for the first time the configuration would be saved under the name Default If several configurations have been created and saved then the last one that was active before the control panel was closed is the one that appears when you open the control panel Even if you have changed
25. inal window to close it When you finish the login a dialog box appears that lets you name and save the script 7 Name the script choose a destination for it and click Save to save the script 38 Chapter 3 Using OT PPP Importing a connect script Your system administrator or your Internet service provider may export a connect script for your use This section describes how to import the script To import a connect script follow these instructions 1 In the Protocol Options dialog box click the Connect to a command line host checkbox to put an X in it and click Use connect script The Protocol Options dialog box now looks like the following Options Redialing Protocol E Allow error correction and compression in modem E Use TCP header compression E Connect to a command line host a Use terminal window m Use connect script lt no script selected gt Import Script Export Script 2 Click the Import Script button A dialog box appears that lets you select a script to import Connecting through a command line host 39 3 Select the script you want to import then click Open or double click the name of the script The Protocol Options dialog box now contains the name of the script that is to be imported in this example connect 1 Options Redialing Protocol E Allow error correction and compression in modem E Use TCP header compression E Connect to a command line host ti
26. it and saved the changes its name stays the same unless you rename it The configurations dialog box allows you to do the following with the selected configuration Use it as the basis for creating a new configuration a Alter it Export it to a file a Make a duplicate of it Rename it a Delete it Displaying the Configurations dialog box 47 Creating a new configuration To create a new configuration begin by making a copy of an existing configuration Follow these instructions 1 With the configuration selected in the open Configurations dialog box click Duplicate The dialog box shown below appears Duplicate Configuration Duplicate Default as 2 Rename the configuration if you wish to and click OK 3 Make sure the name of the configuration is selected then click the Make Active button 4 Specify the settings you want in the new configuration 5 Close the control panel or choose Configuration in the File menu 6 Click Save to save the new configuration Making a different configuration active To use a configuration that is not currently active follow these instructions 1 Select the appropriate configuration in the Configurations dialog box 2 Click Make Active 48 Chapter 4 Using Configurations Altering a configuration To alter an existing configuration follow these instructions 1 Select the appropriate configuration in the Configurations dialog box 2 Click Make Active The contr
27. ly encountered problems Appendix A For System Administrators locking the telecommunications dialog boxes so that users cannot change the settings Appendix B Using AppleScript With OT PPP using AppleScript commands to run OT PPP for the advanced user Appendix C Additions to the CCL Scripting Language for Connect Scripts how the CCL scripting language deals with user names and passwords Appendix D Using Null Modem Scripts how to use the null modem setting in the Modem control panel Terminology used in this guide This section explains the terminology used in this manual to refer to various mouse and keyboard operations Basic mouse and keyboard operations In this guide some terms represent a Series of actions that you perform with the mouse the keyboard or both For example the word enter indicates that you type a character or a series of characters then press the Return key Here is a list of standard terms for mouse and keyboard operations and the meaning of each term Term Click Double click Drag Choose Select Type Press Action Press and then immediately release the mouse button Press and release the mouse button twice in quick succession without moving the mouse Position the pointer on an item on the screen such as an icon that you want to move Press and hold down the mouse button while moving the mouse until you have accomplished the desired task such as moving the icon to a new loca
28. n alternate number If the alternate number is also busy the system tries the main number again You may enter the main telephone number the alternate telephone number the number of redialings and the number of seconds between redialings Depending on the number of redialings you have specified the system continues to switch between the main and the alternate number as long as they both return busy signals Note If a number doesn t answer it is not redialed Only numbers that return a busy signal are redialed If the main number doesn t answer the alternative number is dialed once To set the redialing options follow these instructions Click the Redialing tab The dialog box has different choices available depending on which redialing option is active If redialing is off the dialog box looks something like the one shown here ECS Options Redial OFF Setting PPP options 29 2 To change the redialing option choose from the Redial pop up menu If you choose Redial main number only the following options appear Options Redialing Redial Redial main number onl Fedial it times Time between retries 5 seconds If you choose Redial main and alternate numbers the following options appear Options Redial Redial main and alternate numbers Fedial LO timez Time between retries seconds Alternate number 3 Type the number of seconds between redialings and the number of red
29. n the terminal window IMPORTANT An effective connect script is created by saving the session of a successful connection Because making a connection depends on many factors your first attempt s may not be successful For example the server s phone line may be busy when you try to connect Or you may have been disconnected by the server before you could log in and save the session If your first attempt connecting and logging in fails try again Saving a connect script You create a connect script by saving the interaction that takes place when you log in to a command line host manually To do so follow these instructions 1 Open a terminal window as described in the previous section Using a Terminal Window 2 Type all information as requested by the command line prompts 3 Before completing your login click the Settings button at the bottom of the terminal window The PPP Terminal Settings dialog box appears as shown in the previous section 4 Click the Prompt to save Connect Script on close checkbox to select it 5 Ifyou want the terminal window to be closed as soon as the login is complete click the Close Terminal when PPP is started checkbox to put an X in it 6 Click OK If the Close Terminal when PPP is started option in the PPP Terminal Settings dialog box is selected the PPP Terminal Settings dialog box closes If the option is not selected you must click the Continue button in the PPP Term
30. n this chapter Chapter 3 Using OT PPP Connecting through a command line host A command line host is a remote server that requires you to log in through a terminal window Typically you must provide a valid account name and password and perhaps other information Using a terminal window If you plan to connect to a command line host follow these steps 1 Click Options in the PPP control panel and click the Protocol tab The protocol options appear _ SSSSSSSSSSSp_ Options Redialing Protocol E Allow error correction and compression in modem EJ Use TCF header compression E Connect to a command line host m Use terminal window E Use connect script lt no soript selected Import Script Export Script 2 Click the Connect to a command line host checkbox to select it 3 Click Use terminal window 4 Click OK Connecting through a command line host 35 5 Click Connect in the PPP control panel Note In addition to starting your PPP connection by clicking Connect in the PPP control panel you have the option of starting OT PPP automatically when opening a TCP IP application See Connecting Automatically later in this chapter To connect by dialing out manually see Using Manual Dialing later in this chapter During the login attempt the program displays a terminal window similar to the following Ti PPP Terminal Cancel Continue 36 Chapter 3 U
31. n this password from your Internet service provider or network administrator To save your password click the checkbox next to Save Password If Save Password isn t selected you need to enter your password every time you log in This is more secure but less convenient In the Number text box type the telephone number for the service to which you will be connecting Enter the number exactly as you would dial it manually including outside line access and area code if necessary Note A problem is sometimes caused when the touch tone signals occur too quickly To alleviate this problem you can type a comma in the telephone number for example after the area code to insert a brief pause in the dialing See You are Unable to Connect to a Server in Chapter 5 for details IMPORTANT Even if you are not using a modem that is if you have selected Null Modem in the Modem control panel you still need to type a number in the Number box See Appendix D for more information PPP is now ready to use You can however fine tune the configuration using the available options as described in the next section Setting PPP Options If you don t want to use the options and aren t ready to dial in to the network immediately do this Click the close box and click Save when you are prompted to save the configuration If you don t want to use the options and you want to dial in to the network now see the section Connecting
32. nfiguration do not become effective until you save the configuration See Saving Your Configuration in Chapter 2 Start the TCP IP application This is a one time only procedure if you have saved the changed configuration Every other time you start a TCP IP application with a configuration for automatic connection the connection attempt occurs automatically so you don t need to repeat these steps If you didn t save as described in Step 3 you are not connected automatically when you start a TCP IP application IMPORTANT The connection does not terminate automatically when you quit the TCP IP application In order to terminate the connection you must manually click the Disconnect button in the PPP control panel see Disconnecting later in this chapter If you forget to do so your telephone charges continue to mount as do the fees charged by your Internet service provider Connecting automatically 41 Using manual dialing Connecting manually means dialing the phone number before establishing the connection You might need to dial manually for example if you want to make an operator assisted call Note In order to place a call manually you must have a telephone attached to your modem To connect manually do this From the PPP menu choose Dial Manually then follow the instructions on your screen If the connection fails click Cancel then choose Dial Manually again from the PPP menu Using the acti
33. nnect via pop up menu IMPORTANT If PPP is not listed the software has not been properly installed Try reinstalling OT PPP 20 Chapter 2 Setting Up OT PPP The screen displays the options available for the choices you ve made TCP IP Setup Configure Using PPP Server hal IF Address lt will be supplied by server gt Subnet mask lt will be supplied by server gt Router address will be supplied by server Search domains Choose your configuration method from the Configure pop up menu Consult your network administrator or your Internet service provider for advice on what to choose The most common selection and the default is Using PPP Server which causes OT PPP to request an IP address from the server when it connects If you choose Using PPP Server the dialog box that appears informs you that the IP address the subnet mask and the router address are supplied by the server as shown above If your network administrator advises you to choose Manually from the pop up menu the dialog box requests the IP address Setting up TCP IP for PPP 21 Ask for your network administrator s advice before choosing either of the remaining options TCP IP Fe Setup Configure Subnet mask lt will be supplied by server gt Router address will be supplied by server Search domains Mame serwer addr Note Some administrators describe a manual configuration as static
34. ntaining the configuration to import 2 Select the name of the file that contains the configuration then click Open The configuration appears in the list in the Configurations dialog box Deleting a configuration To delete a configuration follow these instructions 1 Select the name of the configuration in the list and click Delete A dialog box appears that lets you confirm that you want to delete the configuration 2 Click Delete to delete the configuration 50 Chapter 4 Using Configurations 5 Troubleshooting This chapter helps solve some common problems Your modem isn t listed in the Modem control panel The modem script for your modem might not be properly installed Refer to the OT PPP Read Me file in the Open Transport PPP folder on your hard disk for the list of modem scripts that came with OT PPP Modem scripts should be in the Modem Scripts folder which is located in the Extensions folder in your System Folder If you don t have the script check with one of the following sources to see if a modem script is available your modem manufacturer s technical support line a your Apple authorized dealer a Apple s World Wide Web site http www apple com You are unable to make a call If you can t make a call something may be wrong with your telephone line your modem or the modem setup Make sure your modem is connected properly and turned on Refer to your modem documentation if you have an
35. ol panel configuration that is the settings that are displayed when the control panel is open If you make changes to any of the settings or options in the control panel and don t save them see Saving Your Configuration later in this chapter those changed settings will not apply to automatic connections WARNING Although you can set the PPP control panel to connect you automatically to the Internet or other PPP server when you start TCP IP applications you can t set PPP to disconnect automatically when you close TCP IP applications You always need to disconnect manually using the Disconnect button in the PPP control panel or by using an appropriate AppleScript applet see Appendix B If you forget to do so your telephone charges continue to mount as do the fees charged by your Internet service provider The Reminders options discussed next can help you prevent this See also Disconnecting in Chapter 3 Setting PPP options 27 If you click the Use verbose logging checkbox to select it the activity log saves information that is more detailed than it does if Use verbose logging is not selected For information on the activity log see Using the Activity Log in Chapter 3 You can select Reminders options to help you avoid staying connected longer than you intend To select an option click to put an X in its checkbox If the Flash icon in menu bar while connected option is selected a fl
36. ol panel reappears 3 Change the settings or options you wish to alter 4 Close the control panel or redisplay the Configurations dialog box to save the change See Saving Your Configuration in Chapter 2 Renaming a configuration To rename a configuration follow these instructions 1 With the Configurations dialog box open select the configuration and click Rename A dialog box similar to the following appears Rename Configuration Enter new name for Default 2 Enter anew name and click OK Renaming a configuration 49 Exporting a configuration to a file To distribute a configuration to others follow these steps 1 Select the configuration in the list 2 Click the Export button A dialog box appears that lets you name a file that will contain the configuration and specify a destination for it 3 Type a name and specify a destination then click Save Note The name you give the file does not change the name of the configuration it merely names the file that contains the configuration When you give the file to another user and that user imports the configuration into his or her system the configuration will still have the name of your original configuration See the next section Importing a Configuration Importing a configuration To import a configuration follow these instructions 1 With the Configurations dialog box open click Import A dialog box appears that lets you choose the file co
37. older There is a preexisting file using an OT PPP type or creator There is a preexisting folder using an OT PPP folder name and location The Remote Access Connections file is not open An unknown PPP control protocol type was received PPP received a packet with an invalid length PPP received a negotiable option with an invalid value PPP received a negotiable option with invalid flags PPP ran out of memory while negotiating with the peer PPP encountered an error with no useful information PPP is in an invalid state continued Errorcodes 63 7163 7164 7165 7166 7167 7168 The user canceled the password entry dialog The user did not respond to the password entry dialog in time An unknown Open Transport serial port was referenced The OT PPP logical port is not configured No AppleTalk services endpoints are available The user canceled the modem script ASK or the Manual Dialing dialog 64 Appendix B Using AppleScript with OT PPP Appendix C Additions to the CCL Scripting Language for Connect Scripts This appendix is provided for users who are familiar with the CCL scripting language The following varStrings have been added to the CCL scripting language for the user name and password Name A411 or 4U Password 12 or P When the connect script is executed the strings stored in the Name and Password boxes of the PPP control panel replace these varStrings However when you save a c
38. on is not visible you must set the User Mode to Advanced or Adminstartion Choose User Mode from the Edit menu to open the User Mode dialog box TCP IP applications don t start OT PPP automatically Be sure that the Connect automatically when starting TCP IP applications option in the PPP control panel s Connection options is selected See Setting the Connection Options in Chapter 2 54 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Appendix A For System Administrators Locking control panels If you are the system administrator OT PPP allows you to set a password and to lock the Modem TCP IP and PPP control panels so that only you or whoever knows the password can change the configurations This is a useful feature if you plan to create configurations to distribute to your users but you don t want them to change the settings For information on exporting a configuration to a file for distribution see Chapter 4 To lock a control panel s configuration follow these instructions 1 Create the configuration by entering the appropriate settings in the control panel 2 Inthe Edit menu choose User Mode The User Mode dialog box appears looking something like this User Mode Select user mode eo Basic O Administration Note The TCP IP control panel has an Advanced mode as well as Basic and Administration 3 Click Administration If you haven t used administration mode previously the Change Password button
39. onnect script the user name and password that you entered are replaced by U or 11 and P or 12 respectively This is done so that your name and password are not shown in clear ASCH form for others to see The U and P varStrings are provided as mnemonics for the user name and password However you cannot use them as parameters of CCL for commands that require a varString index such as IFSTR Appendix D Using Null Modem Scripts If you are connecting through a serial cable rather than through a modem follow these instructions 1 Inthe Modem control panel use the Modem pop up menu to select Null Modem 57600 2 inthe PPP control panel type a number in the Number box even though this is a dummy telephone number and is meaningless The Connect button is not available unless a telephone number has been typed in the Number box Since a large majority of the users are using a modem the control panel was designed this way to avoid the common user error of neglecting to enter a telephone number
40. ork with the configurations you have saved If you need to log in to different TCP IP servers for example if you need to log in to an Internet service provider and one or more corporate networks you need different TCP IP and PPP configurations for each server If you carry a laptop computer to different locations each location will probably have its own modem and is likely to need a different modem configuration If for each control panel you save a configuration for each situation that requires a different configuration all you need to do is make the appropriate configurations active at the appropriate time Displaying the Configurations dialog box In Chapter 2 you learned how to set up and save a configuration Every configuration has a name The first configuration you make and save after installing OT PPP is automatically saved under the name Default Whenever you change a configuration or create a new configuration you can give it a name To perform these and other tasks use the Configurations dialog box To display the Configurations dialog box follow these instructions 1 Inthe File menu choose the Configurations option If you have changed anything in the PPP control panel click Save in the dialog box that appears if you wish to save the changes After you click Save the Configurations dialog box appears similar to the one here Configurations Active configuration Default Default Import local internet prov
41. ox to select it as described in Connecting Through a Command Line Host in Chapter 3 The subsidiary options work as follows a Use terminal window This option allows you to open a terminal window in which you can enter the information needed for logging in to a command line host See Using a Terminal Window in Chapter 3 a Use connect script This option allows you to use the Import Script button in the Configurations dialog box described in Chapter 4 to attach a script to the configuration You are then able to automate your interaction with the terminal window Note You can create a connect script for your host by logging in and connecting through a terminal window then saving the contents of the terminal window See Using a Connect Script in Chapter 3 26 Chapter 2 Setting Up OT PPP Setting the connection options Click the Connection tab to display the connection options Redialing Connection Connect automatically when starting TCP IF applications Use verbose logging Reminders E4 Flash icon in menu bar while connected E Prompt every minutes ta maintain connection E Disconnect if idle for minutes If you click the Connect automatically when starting TCP IP applications checkbox to select it PPP attempts to connect whenever you open a TCP IP application such as Netscape Navigator or Fetch OT PPP dials the number and uses the settings in the active PPP contr
42. pop up menu be sure that OT PPP is properly installed If it is see Your Modem Isn t Listed in the Modem Control Panel in Chapter 5 Note The Apple Modem Script Generator an extra item available with OT PPP allows you to create your own modem scripts Although the Modem Script Generator is not a supported Apple product many users have found it to be very helpful in creating their own modem scripts Click the settings you want On or Off for the modem speaker Tone or Pulse for dialing If your phone has a nonstandard dial tone or no dial tone click the Ignore Dial Tone checkbox to select it You are now set up to connect through a specific modem If you want to connect through a different one you must enter different information into the Modem control panel that is you must create a new configuration For information on creating and using multiple configurations see Chapter 4 Setting up the Modem control panel 19 Setting up TCP IP for PPP The TCP IP control panel lets you specify detailed information about the network you plan to log in to and the communications protocol you plan to use in this case PPP Follow these instructions to set up the TCP IP control panel 1 Choose Control Panels from the Apple menu 2 Open the TCP IP control panel A setup screen similar to the following appears TCP IP Connect wia Ethernet Y Setup Configure Fo Search domains o i 3 Choose PPP from the Co
43. sing OT PPP 6 When the terminal window appears enter the information requested pressing Return at the end of each response By default when the connection is established PPP closes the window If the window doesn t close automatically click the Continue button to close it You can choose whether or not the terminal window closes when you connect with PPP To make your choice click Settings AT PPP Terminal Settings E Clase Terminal when PPP is started E Prompt to save Connect Script on close If the Close terminal window when PPP is started checkbox is not selected the terminal window is displayed until you click Continue Note To learn how to automate the process of logging in through a terminal window by creating a connect script see the next section Using a Connect Script Also be aware that if you don t respond to a server prompt in the terminal window you will eventually be disconnected from the server The amount of time it takes for this to happen depends on the server to which you are connecting When the timeout occurs the server s modem sends hangup strings such as ATFV or Connecting through a command line host 37 Using a connect script A connect script is a set of pretyped responses to a command line host s requests for user name password and any other information the host may require A connect script lets you connect to a command line host without typing responses i
44. ssword is invalid An unexpected error with no useful information has occurred One or more of the installed OT PPP files is damaged The requested action could not be performed because OT PPP was busy The OT PPP logical port is in an unknown state The OT PPP logical port is in an invalid state The OT PPP logical port has detected an invalid serial protocol Login is disabled for the given user The server administrator requires the user to enter a password continued 62 Appendix B Using AppleScript with OT PPP 7122 7123 7124 271235 7126 7128 7129 7130 7131 7132 7133 7134 7135 7136 7138 7139 7140 7141 7142 7144 7145 7146 7147 7148 7152 7153 OT PPP could not initialize Open Transport The requested action could not be performed because OT PPP is not fully initialized yet TCP IP is inactive and cannot be loaded TCP IP is not yet configured PPP is not selected as the TCP IP interface in the current TCP IP configuration The requested PPP protocol was rejected by the PPP peer PPP authentication failed PPP negotiation failed PPP was disconnected locally The PPP peer disconnected unexpectedly The PPP peer is not responding The OT PPP log file is not open The OT PPP log file is already open The OT PPP log entry could not be retrieved OT PPP can not locate the active System Folder OT PPP can not locate its Preferences f
45. t with OT PPP This appendix assumes that you already know how to use AppleScript You can use AppleScript to create scripts to automate an entire network transaction for example to establish a remote connection copy a file to a server and then disconnect Open Transport PPP contains an AppleScript scripting addition called PPP Commands This extension adds new commands to the AppleScript commands for creating and maintaining OT PPP connections The Open Transport PPP installer places PPP Commands in the Scripting Additions folder in your Extensions folder After you have set up the Modem and PPP control panels you can use AppleScript scripts to operate your OT PPP software After you create the script and save it as an applet its icon looks much like the following amp FFF Connect When you double click this icon the script runs and handles your PPP connection Sample scripts The OT PPP installation disk contains several sample scripts to show you some ways of using AppleScript commands To run a script double click its icon to view the contents of the script drag its icon onto the Script Editor application Before you use these scripts make sure that you have set up the PPP control panel as discussed in Chapters 2 3 and 4 The sample scripts are not meant to replace the functionality of the PPP control panel Moreover you might need to edit the sample scripts somewhat to make them useful in your environment
46. tion and then release the mouse button Activate a command in a menu by positioning the pointer on the menu title and dragging usually downward through the menu until the command you want is highlighted Then release the mouse button Designate where the next action will take place To select an object such as an icon position the pointer on the object and click the mouse button once When selected the object appears highlighted To select text drag across the text until the entire range of text that you want to select is highlighted Type a series of characters without pressing the Return key Press a single key or key combination without pressing the Return key afterward Before YouBegin 9 Onscreen help If you are using Mac OS 7 5 3 or later Macintosh Guide is available to assist you with questions you may have while using OT PPP To open Macintosh Guide choose the Macintosh Guide option in the Guide menu which is designated by the following icon located near the right hand end of the menu bar 2 You can look for information by topic or by index key word or you can type a word indicating what you are looking for For topics relating to OT PPP click the Telecommunications topic area The TCP IP PPP and Modem control panels have a question mark button in the lower left corner PPP Default Connect via Modem Connection ee eee ee a ae Pe ih Registered User a Guest Marne name E Save password Mumber
47. vity log OT PPP maintains a log of all connections and connection attempts To view the activity log do this Choose Activity Log from the PPP menu A screen such as the following appears Activity Log 124 entries displayed 1026 total in log file Date Time Message o 24 96 2 06 PH Termination request received from the remote side 9 24 96 2 06 PM Connection canceled 9 24 96 2 06 PM Terminal canceled by user 9 24 96 2 06 PM Dialing 9 996 6294 9 24 96 2 05 PM Connection terminated 9 24 96 2 04 PM Connection established at 14400 bps 9 2496 2 04 FM Connection ready for TCP IF o 2496 2 04 PH Dialing 9 996 6294 9 24 96 2 03 PM Connection canceled 9 24 96 2 03 FM Termination request received fram the remote Side 9 2496 2 03 PM Authentication failed 9 24 96 2 03 PH Dialing 9 996 6294 D or tear 42 Chapter 3 Using OT PPP To maintain more detailed information in the activity log click the Use Verbose Logging checkbox in the Connection option of the PPP control panel to put an X in it The Activity Log window allows you to export the log to a file and to clear the log see Exporting the Log to a File and Clearing the Log next Note The top of the Activity Log window contains a line that shows the number of entries displayed and the total number of entries in the log file Because of memory constraints the Activity Log window might not be able to display all the entries If this is
48. y problems Make sure your modem type and port are correctly selected in the Modem control panel You can t hear the modem working Most modems have built in speakers that let you hear that the modem is working While connecting to a remote server you can hear the dial tone the tones of the numbers being dialed and the sounds of the modems communicating with each other After a connection is successfully established the modem typically turns the speakers off If you can t hear these sounds try the following Make sure that the Sound option in the Modem control panel is set to On If your modem has a volume control make sure that it is not turned all the way down You are unable to connect to a server If your modem is working but you can t connect to the server try the following suggestions in the order in which they are listed here until you are able to connect Verify the phone number of the server you re trying to call Dial the number using a regular telephone and listen for the whistle of a modem Make sure that you re calling a PPP server Make sure you re a registered user on the server or that the server is set up for guest access If you try to connect as a registered user check that you ve entered your user name and password correctly Passwords are case sensitive capitalization matters You may need to create pauses while the telephone number is being dialed Insert

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