G12864 display manual - Scott Edwards Electronics
Contents
1. Type this Purpose effect lt cent1 L gt Clear text screen lt esc gt C 0 lt space gt Clear graphics screen to 0 zero blank New Features lt return gt Print some text lt esc gt F 1 lt space gt Switch to small font The G12864 now has lt return gt Print some text multiple fonts lt return gt Print some text highlight bars lt return gt Print some text faster line draw lt return gt Print some text quick ESC Z reset lt return gt Print some text and SMT hardware Print some text New Features lt return gt Print some text lt esc gt H 3 lt space gt Highlight title lt esc gt H 8 lt space gt Highlight line 3 small text lt esc gt H 16 lt space gt Highlight line 4 small text lt esc gt H 32 lt space gt Highlight line 5 small text lt esc gt H 64 lt space gt Highlight line 6 small text lt esc gt H 128 lt space gt Highlight line 7 small text Scott Edwards Electronics Inc P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 34 Example Program 1 PC Running QBASIC or QuickBASIC Program QGXDEMO BAS QBASIC QuickBASIC Demo of G12864 This program demonstrates the G12864 Serial Graphics LCD from Scott Edwards Electronics Inc with QBASIC or QuickBASIC Configure the G12864 for 9600 baud config switch 2 ON and escape codes config switch 4 OFF Connect powe2. That byte contains 10011111 binary or 159 decimal The other way to look at the screen is as individual pixels The only difference from the byte point of view is the vertical y coordinate ranges from 0 63 instead of 0 7 In other words the screen coordinates for individual pixels ranges from 0 0 at the upper left corner to 127 63 at the lower right H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 23 Overlay Logic The G12864 stores text and graphics in separate memory layers then combines them for display on the screen You can set the way that the layers are combined to achieve various visual effects Here are the three options e OR Black text shows only when it overlays a white portion of the graphics layer e XOR Black text shows as the inverse of the graphics it overlays e AND Black text shows only when it overlays a black portion of the graphics layer To understand these options more completely let s look at how individual pixels from each layer would combine with each of the logic options Text Graphics Logic Screen Remarks OR 0ORO 0 E OR E 0OR1 1 Ez OR m 10R0 1 E E OR E 10R1 1 XOR 0 XOR0 0 XOR fz 0 XOR 1 1 B XOR 1XOR0 1 ee XOR 1XOR1 0 AND 0 AND 0 0 AND 0 AND 1 0 E AND 1AND0 0 iiai E AND 1AND1 1 H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Ed
3. 70mph Pos 39 print 70mph Within programs there s a better way to send numbers just add 64 to the desired value and send that as a single byte Since a byte can hold up to 255 you can send any value from 0 to 191 with this technique FOR counter 70 TO 100 STEP 5 pause 1000 Wait a second serout LCD N9600 posCmd 64 23 Move to pos 23 by 1 byte method serout LCD N9600 DEC counter Print the count there serout LCD N9600 posCmd 64 39 DEC counter 5 mph Pos 39 text NEXT pause 2000 Wait 2 seconds serout LCD N9600 clrLCD Clear text screen Scott Edwards Electronics Inc P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 39 serout LCD N9 pause 2000 serout LCD N9 pause 1000 serout LCD N9 The loop be reverse and Recipe 2 Displaying an EEPROM screen 600 ESC E2 Display EEPROM screen 2 Wait 2 secs 600 ESC CO J Clear the graphics screen Wait 1 sec 600 ESC E 64 6 Show screen 6 using 1 byte low flashes the graphics screen by alternating bewtween normal video The R everse command is sent as text ESC R1 and using the one byte shortcut for 0 ESC R 64 FOR counter pause 1 1 LO 3 Flash the screen 3 times 000 Wait 1 sec
4. Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 1 128x64 pixel Serial Graphics LCD G12864 v2 0 The G12864 Serial Graphics LCD receives data at 2400 or 9600 bits per second bps and displays text and graphics Two fonts are supported 8x16 pixels 8mm character height and 6x8 pixels 4mm Both fonts are fully editable Text formatting is based on standard control characters such as carriage returns tabs linefeeds etc Graphics instructions plot points draw lines and manipulate bitmapped images The G12864 has 16kB of nonvolatile flash memory used to store images and fonts Creating and editing images is simple using standard PC paint software and a free conversion downloading utility Flash memory holds up to 14 full screen pictures for instant display Applications requiring more symbols can trade off picture storage for additional fonts up to 1024 symbols total 8x16 pixel font Text and graphics are drawn on separate memory layers making it possible to change one with affecting the other e g dear text leaving graphics intact Read Me Revision History This manual describes features supported by firmware version code 060 and higher Version codes are not sequential The firmware code is printed on a label affixed to the processor on the serial interface board the final three digits are the version code e Hardware version 2 0 060 December 1998 Hardware and firmware upgrade Version 2 0 serial interface hardwar
5. ESC Z does not clear either layer only the settings listed below Note that most graphics settings affect display of the text layer as well Graphics Text Ink 1 black Font 0 8x16 font screens 0 1 Drawing Mode 0 logic OR Inverse video text ctrl B off Overlay 0 logic OR Cursor status unchanged Reverse 0 both layers normal Cursor location unchanged Layers 0 both layers ON Byte write Address 0 H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 22 Painless Graphics Primer Here is a quick rundown on the operating principles of the display Digital Ink The LCD is a visible piece of memory Each pixel is a bit in memory The color of a pixel is controlled by the state of the corresponding bit 0 white 1 black Coordinate System Memory starts at the upper lefthand corner of the display with memory address 0 Byte addresses are numbered sequentially from 0 to 1023 left to right and top to bottom The figure below shows how rows of bytes in address order correspond to eight horizontal stripes of 128 bytes apiece 128 bytes per row ___ gt 0 127 8 rows 0 7 The magnified portion of the drawing shows the byte located at xy coordinate 0 0 In keeping with mathematical tradition x is the horizontal coordinate and y is the vertical
6. Pause 1 second Scott Edwards Electronics Inc P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com hilite PRINT 2 1 selection 64 CHR ESC To Bi Pause 2 seconds One byt CHR hilite This code draws a box on the screen wit Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 36 e shortcut for selection Show selection screen h the line and line to commands It s a little different from the recipe in the manual in that it uses only shortcut numbers instead of numeric text PRINT 1 CHRS clrTXT Clear text layer PRINT 1 CHRS ESC CO Clear graphics layer x1 10 64 yl 10 64 lst point 64 added to make shortcuts x2 117 64 y2 10 64 2nd point Here s the line command in the form lt esc gt L x1 yl x2 y2 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC L CHRS x1 CHR y1 PRINT 1 CHR x2 CHR y2 Now we can use line to commands This draws a line that starts from the endpoint of the previous line y2 53 64 New y coordinate PRINT 1 CHR ESC T CHR x2 CHR y2 x2 10 64 New x coordinate PRINT 1 CHR ESC T CHR x2 CHR y2 y2 10 64 New y coordinate PRINT 1 CHR ESC T CHR x2 CHR y2 SLEEP 2 t Ssss3s353S3S Recipe 5 P a This code demonstrates the new
7. of at least 100mA Because the circuit is designed for AC input it will also accept DC inputs of either polarity tip or You may also connect regulated 5VDC power directly to the pins of J 3 marked 5V and G nd Make sure that your power supply is regulated to 5VDC 0 25V and is capable of supplying up to 100mA Backlight Bright Jumper new in v2 0 hardware To increase the backlight brightness short the pins marked BRIGHT together with a jumper piece of wire etc With this modification backlight on current draw increases to 150mA Use this feature with power supplied through J 3 only 5Vdc not J 1 ac adapter A Power Supply Cautions Do not reverse 5V and GND when supplying 5VDC through J 3 Do not exceed 5 5VDC into 3 Overvoltage will damage the G12864 Do not connect anything to J 1 when supplying 5VDC through J 3 Do not tap into the G12864 s 5 volt supply to power other devices Do not unplug the AC adapter from the wall while it is plugged into J 1 Always disconnect the adapter at J 1 first Do not install the BRIGHT jumper if the G12864 will be powered through J 1 Provide regulated 5Vdc through J 3 instead making sure that your supply is rated for gt 150mA H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 6 Connecting Serial Input The G12864 accepts serial data from RS 232 10
8. serout LCD N9600 ESC R1 Reverse invert the graphics screen pause 1 000 Wait 1 sec serout LCD N9600 ESC R 64 Un invert graphics ESC R 0 NEXT pause 1000 serout LCD N9 Wait 1 sec 600 ESC C 64 Clear the graphics screen Recipe 3 Combining text and graphics pause 2000 Wait 2 secs FOR counter 1 TO 4 On each of the 4 lines serout LCD N9600 Menu Item DEC counter cr Print items 1 4 NEXT serout LCD N9600 ESC 0Ol1 Set O verlay to XOR 1 The following loop calls up screens 8 through 11 which selectively highlight lines of text FOR counter pause 1000 8 TO 11 Wait 1 sec serout LCD N9600 ESC E 64 counter Show screen spcified by NEXT value of counter 8 11 Recipe 4 Drawing a box pause 2000 Wait 2 secs serout LCD N9600 clrLCD ESC C 64 Clear text amp graphics screens The L ine command below draws a line from xy coordinates 10 10 to 117 10 It uses shortcut numbers 64 value to keep thing concise serout LCD N9600 ESC L 74 74 181 74 Draw 1st line When you draw a line the G12864 stores the xy coordinates of the end point In this case that would be 117 10 If you want to draw another line starting from that point you can use the line T o command The next instruction draws a line to 117 53 serout LCD N
9. 0 Disclaimer of Liability Scott Edwards Electronics Inc is not responsible for any special incidental or consequential damages resulting from the use of the hardware or software it sells Items manufactured and or sold by Scott Edwards Electronics Inc are not authorized for use in critical medical life saving or life support applications Warranty Return Repair Replacement Policy Scott Edwards Electronics Inc warrants this product against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 90 days If you discover a defect we will at our option repair replace or refund the purchase price Return the product with a description of the problem We will return your product or its replacement via standard shipping Expedited shipping is available at the customer s expense e Note Physically or electrically abusing the module removing the daughterboard from the LCD or attempting to repair or modify the module or the daughterboard voids this warranty Trademarks Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Inc BASIC Stamp is a registered trademark of Parallax Inc Other trademarked names that may be mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 4 Quick Checkout and Demonstration You can demonstrate th
10. 17 10 lt space gt Draw a line from xy coords 10 10 to 117 10 lt esc gt T 117 53 lt space gt Draw a line to xy coords 117 53 lt esc gt T 10 53 lt space gt Draw a line to xy coords 10 53 lt esc gt T 10 10 lt space gt Draw a line to xy coords 10 10 completes box lt esc gt C 0 lt space gt Clear graphics screen to 0 zero blank lt esc gt LJ J ZJ Draw a line from xy coords 10 10 to 58 10 lt esc gt T zw Draw a line to xy coords 58 53 lt esc gt T Jw Draw a line to xy coords 10 53 lt esc gt J J Draw a line to xy coords 10 10 completes box Note that you can send coordinates as either number strings like 10 followed by a throwaway character like comma or lt Space gt or as a single byte The byte value is the number 64 In the example 10 is represented by a byte value of 74 which is the ASCII code for J In a program you d send a byte value as a byte an unsigned char in C or a CHR in BASIC Any number up to 191 can be sent as a one byte shortcut H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 33 Recipe 5 Trying Out New Features Fonts and Highlighting This recipe demonstrates new features of the 060 firmware including the optional 6x8 pixel font and highlight bars Remember to use lt cntl Z gt instead of lt esc gt if your G12864 is set for lt cntl Z gt
11. 44050 aE Es 70 0010 30 65 000 30 53 700 30 128 x 64 BOT 0 04 0 48 052 uwo PHTCH 254 x 19 4826 Lel 500 HAX 850 MAO L00 MAX 14 00 MAO FOR LED BACKLIGHT H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 29 Handling and Using Liquid Crystal Display Modules LCDs can be damaged by careless handling The manufacturer offers these suggestions for safe handling of LCDs TheLCD module and serial interface electronics use CMOS components and should be handled with appropriate antistatic precautions Do not subject the LCD to temperatures outside its storage operating ranges Excessive heat or cold can degrade the polarizer cause bubbles in the LCD material or cause the polarizer to peel Do not touch push or rub the exposed polarizers transparent screens with anything harder than an HB pencil lead glass tweezers etc Hard pressure on the screen may distort the liquid crystal material In some cases the LCD will return to normal with time When the display surface becomes dusty wipe gently with absorbent cotton or other soft material like chamois soaked in petroleum benzine Do not scrub hard or you may damage the display surface Wipe off saliva or water immediately Contact with water over a long period of time may cause deformation or color fadi
12. 93 mph lt cnt1 P gt W 85 shortcut for 23 is 64 23 87 W is ASCII 87 lt cntl P gt g 99 mph shortcut for 39 is 64 39 103 g is ASCII 103 Note that you can send positions as either number strings like 23 followed by a throwaway character like lt space gt or as a single byte The byte value is the number 64 In the example 23 is represented by a byte value of 87 which is the ASCII code for W In a program you d send a byte value as a byte an unsigned char in C or a CHR in BASIC Recipe 2 Displaying an EEPROM Screen This recipe shows how to display an image stored in EEPROM and flash the image between normal and reversed modes It assumes that the factory installed screens are still stored in memory If they are not the images displayed will vary from the description Type this Purpose effect lt cntl L gt Clear text screen lt esc gt E 2 lt space gt Show EEPROM image 2 G12864 title screen lt esc gt E 6 lt space gt Show EEPROM image 6 Intruder Alert lt esc gt R 1 lt space gt Reverse invert the graphics screen lt esc gt R 0 lt space gt Un reverse the graphics screen Recipe 3 Combining Text and Graphics This recipe shows how to use a graphics layer image to highlight text It assumes that the factory installed screens are still stored in memory If they are not the images displayed will vary from the description Note the O in lt esc gt O 1 lt Space gt is
13. 9600 ESC T 181 117 Draw line to 117 53 To finish the box we ll combine two more line T os into one Serout serout LCD N9600 ESC T 74 117 ESC I 74 74 7 1 ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 40 Recipe 5 Demonstrate New Features pause 2000 Wait 2 secs serout LCD N9600 clrLCD ESC C 64 Clear text amp graphics screens serout LCD N9600 New Features Print banner in std font serout LCD N9600 ESC F 65 Switch to small font serout LCD N9600 The G12864 now has CR Print feature list serout LCD N9600 multiple fonts CR serout LCD N9600 highlight bars CR serout LCD N9600 faster line draw CR serout LCD N9600 qQuick ESC Z reset CR serout LCD N9600 and SMT hardware Now selectively highlight lines with ESC H This erases the graphics layer and draws 8 pixel high bars Note that we re using one byte shortcuts for the ESC H arguments pause 2000 Wait 2 secs serout LCD N9600 ESC H 67 Highlight line 1 of big font pause 1000 serout LCD N9600 ESC H 72 Highlight line 3 of small font pause 1000 serout LCD N9600 ESC H 80 Highlight line 4 of small font pause 1000 serout LCD N9600 ESC H 96 Highlight line 5 of sma
14. Quick Checkout and DemonstratiOn cccceecceeseeeeeeceneeeeeeeeeeeceaeeeeeeseaeeeeeeseaeeseeseaeeeeeseaeeseeeeeaeeseaeeeaeensaee 4 Configuring the GI 2864 oa cts fad besendebetsezensccsecen cnsetedetdees ensthesdeheadedusdunsusasiehcsdest ectbaacansdecupseyddbedeshectdestsedisenia 4 Connecting PWET sisirin celestial neat Sieve dr eee eee Maret Ged 5 Connecting Serial INDUt cece cceeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee sete seeeseaeeseaeseeesieeseeesneeesieeseaeseieeseaeseneetiaeeneeeeaeel 6 Display Contrast vcsiticccccecahss tool spat id Re LR A BG LAB 7 Erinla ACCUSING MEE abde sein tase estbeaittes canchtaecebels catevdsbeshadane S 7 Text Layer Control COd S eeecesceeseeceseeeseeeeeeeceeeeaeeesaeseaeeeseesaeeseaeesaeeseaeesaeessaeesseeseaeessaeseaeeeaeseaeeeneetaes 8 Graphics Layer INStruCtiONnS 0 ccccesceceeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeaeeeaeeeeaeeeaeeseaeeeaeeseaeeseaeeeaeeseaeesaeeseaeeseeeseaeesieeeeaeeetaees 15 Painless Graphics Primer c cceeceeeceeeeeeeeeeeneeseeeeeeeeseaeeseeeeaeecaeseaeesaaeesaeeseeeeeseeseaeeseeseaeeseeeeeaeeseeeenaeenes 22 Creating and Downloading Bitmap Fonts and Graphics ecceeceeeeeeceeeeeeceeeeeeeseeeeeaeeseaeeseeeeaeeeneeeas 24 Design Notes and Specifications cccecceeseeeeeeeeeeeeneeseeeeeaeeseaeeeaeesaeeeaeeseeeeceeseaeeseeseaeeseeeeeeeseeeeeaeenes 27 Recipes and Example Programs ccesccceceseeeeeeneeeeseeeneeeeeeeeeeeeseeeneseesensaeaeseseeessnenaeesneneeseeeeeeneeeennees 3
15. all font Ale 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 o2 IN RERE C a e 456r 29i 5 lt ABC z a ZeHIJELMHOFQESTUL E a 2f abcdef ghijk mrio o 2P APS Luvs eae th d 1324 T 172 127 63 ASCII character codes Add row and column values to get ASCII code Example capital A is in column 13 row 52 so the ASCII code is 65 Screen coordinates Columns are x coordinates rows are y coordinates In G12864 instructions and the Windows Paint program coordinates are in the form x y Example the upper left corner of A is at 8 32 1 P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 15 Graphics Instructions Escape Sequences The table on the next page lists the graphics instructions These are called escape sequences because they begin with the escape character ASCII 27 which distinguishes them from normal text If you set configuration switch 4 Esc Ctl Z to the ctl Z position then ctrl Z ASCII 26 substitutes for Escape Leave this switch in the Esc position unless you are using terminal software that does strange things changes screen colors moves the cursor in response to the escape sequences Even if you re using ctrl Z this manual still ref
16. ar the Graphics Layer ESC Cn Write the byte value represented by n 0O 255 to every byte address on the screen In most cases n is 0 which clears the screen to white However values of n from 1 to 254 may be used to produce striped patterns or 255 to clear the screen to black D ownload a Graphic ESC DG Download a bitmapped graphic to the graphics layer of the G12864 Note that the G in the command is literal send a capital letter G ASCII 71 in this position After sending this instruction a program should either wait for the G12864 to respond with the gt character ASCII 62 or pause without sending any further data for 500ms or more The download process accepts binary data so it temporarily suspends the G12864 s usual behavior of discarding nulls ASCII 0 Waiting for the gt or delaying for a half second ensures that the download instruction is processed before any subsequent data is sent A total of 1024 bytes make up a graphic screen These bytes map to the screen in exactly the same fashion as those sent via the write byte instruction working left to right and top to bottom See page 22 for a map of the graphics screen The G12864 starter package includes utility programs for converting and downloading BMP files H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 18 Sho
17. ata rate to 2400 or 9600 bps The serial parameters are no parity 8 data bits 1 stop bit BL off ON Set the display to start up with the backlight off or on The backlight setting can be overridden by sending cntl N on or cntl O off at any time ESC CNTL Z Select Escape ESC ASCII 27 or Control Z cntl Z ASCII 26 as the prefix for graphics commands This should be left in the ESC position unless your terminal software misbehaves changes screen colors repositions the cursor etc in response to ESC sequences H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 5 PROT WRITE Set the display to prevent or permit writes to flash memory In protect PROT mode the display ignores the command ESC X transfer graphics screen to flash In write mode the display permits ESC X Leave this switch set to PROT to prevent programs from accidentally overwriting flash memory BLANK SCRN2 Set the display to start up with a blank screen or with the image stored in EEPROM screen 2 NORM F LIP Set the unit to display right side up NORM or upside down FLIP This lets you route power and signal wires from the top or bottom of the display Connecting Power The G12864 has a built in voltage regulator The input isJ 1 a 2 1 by 5 5mm power jack Use this jack to connect a 7 VAC or 9 VDC power source capable
18. ctions The following data is preliminary and subject to change without notice Instructions not listed take less than 1 ms and therefore do not cause data to accumulate in the 64 byte buffer All times are from entry of the last parameter to processing of the next instruction H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 28 Instruction action max Display a text character 1 2 ms Backspace ASCII 8 1 1 ms Clear text cntl L 15 0 ms Clear graphics ESC C 15 0 ms EEPROM screen ESC E 55 0 ms Line plot ESC L or ESC T 10 0 ms Transfer a screen to EEPROM ESC X 150 0 ms Line plot time applies to version codes 030 and higher which have been substantially improved over earlier versions Mechanical Specifications and Mounting The LCD manufacturer s drawing below provides the basic dimensions in millimeters The serial interface is secured to the back of the display with 0 25 6 4mm standoff posts On the screen side of the display 0 375 9 5mm standoff posts with 2 56 threads permit the display to be mounted in a panel or enclosure Don t remove the standoff posts that support the G12864 pcb This could weaken or break the interface connections to the LCD 93004030 a233 000 0 0504050 RAS BH0040 30 2504050 Sis os 70 70030 11054050 66 0240 30 131
19. e 5 of small font SLEEP 1 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC H64 Highlight line 6 of small font SLEEP 1 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC H128 Highlight line 7 of small font SLEEP 2 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC Z3 Reset text and graphics settings MSS eae sae Bonus This code shows graphs a sine function using the plot command Since sine is a value from 1 to 1 it multiplies this value by 25 to get 25 and adds 31 to center it vertically on the screen I c It uses shortcut values of x and y to fill in the lt esc gt P x y command PRINT 1 CHR clrTXT Clear text layer PRINT 1 sine waves Print label PRINT 1 CHRS ESC CO Clear graphics layer FOR x 0 TO 127 Plot across entire screen y 31 INT 25 SIN 3 14156 20 x Calculate y PRINT 1 CHRS ESC P CHRS x 64 CHRS y 64 Plot xy NEXT END Scott Edwards Electronics Inc P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 38 Example Program 2 BASIC Stamp Il Program GXDEMO BS2 Demonstrate G12864 Serial Graphics LCD This program demonstrates many of the features of the G12864 Serial Graphics LCD Module from Scott Edwards Electronics Set the module to 9600 bps config switch 2 ON right Make sure that ESC ctl Z is set to ESC config 4 OFF left Connect the serial input of the module J3 pin ma
20. e G12864 without a serial connection Set configuration switch 1 to ON demo right position and connect the AC adapter to the power jack The display will run a slide show of all the preloaded images in flash memory In demo mode the G12864 ignores serial input When you are done with the demo disconnect power and move switch 1 to OFF run left before using the display s serial input With the display in run mode connect serial input through the DB9 connector Set your terminal software to 2400 or 9600 bps matching switch 2 on the G12864 with no parity 8 data bits 1 stop bit Connect power and type some text Browse this manual and try typing the various text and graphics instructions See the Recipes section page 30 for exercises that explore some of the display s capabilities Configuring the G12864 A bank of switches on the G12864 configures the display Set switches with power off OFF ON RUN DEMO Run serial display or demo slide show 2400 9600 Set baud rate to 2400 or 9600 bps BL off BL on Backlight off or on at startup ESC CTL Z Begin graphics codes with escape ESC or ctl Z PRTCT WRITE Write protect PRTCT or enable EEPROM BLANK SCRN2 Blank screen or EEPROM screen 2 at startup NORM FLIP Vertical screen orientation normal or flipped RUN DE MO Set the display to receive and display serial data run or to cycle through a slide show of preloaded graphics demo 2400 9600 Set the serial d
21. e converted to 90 surface mount construction for higher production Minor improvements to power supply and temperature compensation circuit Firmware upgrades add support for 6x8 pixel font multiple font pages of standard 8x16 font ESC F instruction and highlight instruction to automatically draw bars behind selected text for a menuing effect ESC H instruction e 030 September 1998 Improved speed and quality of line and line to functions Lines plot up to 5 times faster with less jaggedness and line to no longer replots the endpoint of the previous line which erases point in XOR mode e 026 J anuary 1998 Added cntl B and cntl C for inverse video text on off Added NORM F LIP to configuration switches e Hardware version 1 0 024 Original release November 1997 H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 2 This page is intentionally blank 1 P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 3 Table of Contents De SGriptio its 2c esttieaees et ene AAR PE A O EAS 1 Disclaimer Of LIA DIY ssteissi n an a a aae aridinis 3 Warranty Return Repair Replacement POliCy eesceeesseeeeeneeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeseneeeeseaeeeeeneeeeeneeeneaeess 3
22. e in the buffer Use control if you need a time delay Buffer Depth Probe ASCII 18 Control R Control R instructs the display to send the gt character ASCII 62 This permits an easy to implement form of serial flow control Here s how it works The G12864 has a 64 byte buffer that stores incoming serial data until the display is ready to process it This is necessary because some instructions can arrive faster than the display can process them For example at 9600 baud the clear screen instruction arrives in 1 04 ms but requires 15 ms to execute While the screen is being cleared the buffer accumulates data for later processing H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 12 Buffer Depth cont Many other instructions are processed much faster than they can arrive This gives the buffer a chance to empty However if the input contains a large proportion of time consuming instructions it s possible for the buffer to overflow and lose incoming data See the instruction time table on page 28 for the execution times of the various instructions One way to prevent overflow is to ask the sender to stop transmitting while the display catches up That assumes that the sender can send and receive serial data simultaneously full duplex and that it is capable of quickly shutting off its serial o
23. ent plot and line instructions ton where 0 is OR and 1 is XOR Note that this logic is only used in plotting black pixels If the ink is set to white the G12864 unconditionally uses white pixels To understand why the mode only applies to black pixels represented by logic 1s remember that ORing and XORing a 0 with another bit leaves that bit unchanged Set Layer O verlay Logic ESC On Set the logic used to combine the text and graphics layers according ton where Ois OR lis XOR and 2 is AND The drawing below shows the effects when text and graphics overlap OR XOR AND 0 1 2 P lot a Point ESC Pxy Plot a point at location x y using the current setting of ink and mode Valid x coordinates range from 0O 127 and y coordinates 0 63 R everse Layers ESC Rn Reverse change black to white and white to black the text and or graphics layers according ton where 0 is both layers normal 1 is graphics reversed 2 is text reversed and 3 is both reversed H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 21 Draw Line T o ESC Txy Draw a line from the last end coordinate specified in a line or line to command to point x y in the current ink color and drawing mode Valid x coordinates range from 0O 127 and y coordinates 0 63 Enable La Y ers ESC Yn Selectively turn the text and or g
24. ers to them as escape sequences If escape sequences aren t working disconnect the G12864 from power and move configuration switch 4 Esc Ctl Z to the Esc position off left Reconnect power and try again All escape sequences follow the same basic pattern escape l ete number For example the escape sequence for displaying a screen stored in flash EEPROM is ESC En where n is a number from 0 to 15 From the keyboard you would press the Escape key then E then a number key like 2 then a non numeric key like the space bar As soon as you press the space bar screen 2 would load into the graphics layer of the display The final non number character in the sequence the space in our example is thrown away it does not affect the display except to signal the end of the number Some escape sequences take more than one number You can use any non numeric character other than null ASCII 0 to separate the numbers As we saw in the previous example the last number must be followed by a non numeric throwaway character Numeric entries are always sent as decimal text like 123 or single byte shortcuts B Numbers up to 191 may be sent as one byte shortcuts J ust add 64 to the number and send that single byte value For example to send the number 101 you could either send the three bytes 101 or a single byte containing the value 64 101 165 i e A5 hex 10100101 binary When you send multiple numbers as shortcuts you do no
25. features of firmware version 060 and higher included in the surface mount version 2 0 hardware or available as an upgrade to older units A small 6x8 pixel font image must be installed in flash EEPROM screen 15 for this to work properly PRINT 1 CHRS clrTXT Clear text layer PRINT 1 CHRS ESC CO Clear graphics layer PRINT 1 New Features Print banner in default font PRINT 1 CHRS ESC F1 Switch to small font PRINT 1 The G12864 now has Print messages in small font PRINT 1 multiple fonts PRINT 1 highlight bars PRINT 1 faster line draw PRINT 1 quick ESC Z reset PRINT 1 and SMT hardware Scott Edwards Electronics Inc P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 37 Now we ll selectively highlight lines with ESC H This instruction erases the graphics layer draws 8 pixel high bar s on it and sets the XOR relationship between text and graphics layers SLEEP 2 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC H3 Highlight line 1 of big font SLEEP 1 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC H8 Highlight line 3 of small font SLEEP 1 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC H16 Highlight line 4 of small font SLEEP 1 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC H32 Highlight lin
26. g particular effects by manually typing instructions and data Once you understand the recipes you can translate them into the programming language of your choice Type the recipes exactly as shown don t add spaces or returns unless you see lt Space gt or lt return gt For control characters like lt cntl L gt hold down the control key and press another key L in this case For Escape codes press and release lt Esc gt then type the other characters specified Recipe 1 Positioning the Cursor This recipe shows how to position the cursor to print changing data without reprinting the entire screen Note the 0 in the lt esc gt C instruction is a zero not the letter O Remember to use lt cntl Z gt instead of lt esc gt if your G12864 is set for lt cntl Z gt Type this Purpose effect lt ent1 L gt Clear text screen lt esc gt C 0 lt space gt Clear graphics screen to 0 zero blank RECIPE NUMBER 1 lt return gt Text title Power lt return gt Label Speed lt return gt lt cnt1 P gt 23 lt space gt 75 Cursor to position 23 print 75 lt cnt1 P gt 39 lt space gt 87 mph Cursor to position 39 print 87 mph L ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 31 Recipe 1 continued lt cnt1 P gt 23 lt space gt 80 Cursor to position 23 print 80 lt cnt1 P gt 39 lt space gt 93 mph Cursor to position 39 print
27. go up one line Formfeed clear text screen Carriage return Backlight on Backlight off Accept cursor position entry Ignored Request buffer depth response gt Ctrl Z begin graphics instruction Escape begin graphics instruction Code Value ctrl ctrl A ctrl B ctrl C ctrl D ctrl E ctrl F ctrl G ctrl H ctrl l ctrl J ctrl K ctrl L ctrl M ctrl N ctrl O ctrl P ctrl Q ctrl R ctrl Z ctrl 1 Cursors not available with small 6x8 pixel font 2 ESC Ctl Z mode switch sets which code is used Fonts and the Cursor The G12864 has two text fonts the default 8x16 pixel font and a small 6x8 pixel font The small font does not havea cursor blinking pointer to indicate where the next character will print Turning the cursor on or off while the small font is in use has no effect until you switch back to the large font o NONA ON O Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 8 When this manual refers to cursor position it means the next printing position regardless of whether a cursor is visible For an in depth discussion of font options see ESC F on page 18 Scott Edwards Electronics Inc P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 9 Null ASCII 0 Control The G12864 ignores nulls without storing them in its data buffer Sending a null is the equivalent of a brief time dela
28. gt F 0 0 h M aac ABCDEF GHIUKLMNO PORSTUUUXYZL 1 N 197 63 ASCII character codes Add row and column values to get ASCII code Example capital A is in column 1 row 64 so the ASCII code is 65 Screen coordinates Columns are x coordinates rows are y coordinates In G12864 instructions and the Windows Paint program coordinates are in the form x y Example the upper left corner of A is at 8 32 H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 14 Screen 1 bitmapped font for characters 96 159 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 i 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 _ abcdefghijkimo _spgrstuvuxyz S 127 63 ASCII character codes Add row and column values to get ASCII code Example s is in column 3 row 112 so the ASCII code is 115 Screen coordinates Columns are x coordinates rows are y coordinates In G12864 instructions and the Windows Paint program coordinates are in the form x y Example the upper left corner of s is at 24 16 Optional Small Font 6x8 pixels 160 characters 1 flash screen Screen 15 optional small font characters 32 191 Use ESC F instruction to switch to sm
29. ich may also be sent as control I causes the cursor to jump to the next multiple of four column position without otherwise affecting the display For example if the cursor is at position 0 sending TAB moves it to position 4 Tabs wrap to the next line or from the last line back to the first line Smart Linefeed ASCII 10 Control J Control causes the cursor to drop down to the same column of the next line If the cursor is on the last line it will wrap to the first line The linefeed function is smart because it ignores redundant linefeeds sent immediately after a carriage return Vertical Tab ASCII 11 Control K Control K causes the cursor to move up to the same column of the preceding display line If the cursor is on the first line it will wrap to the last line Clear Screen ASCII 12 Control L Control L clears the entire text layer and moves the cursor to position O upper left corner of the display Return ASCII 13 Control M Return Key Return which may also be sent as control M sends the cursor to the first column of the next line of the display If return is immediately followed by a linefeed the linefeed will be ignored Backlight On if equipped ASCII 14 Control N Control N turns on the LED backlight if installed If not control N is ignored H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864
30. it contains the standard font and a set of sample images An easy way to get started is to open one of these files with Paint modify it and save it under a different file name Don t use any other format or settings Check the file size it will be always be 1086 bytes for a 128x64 uncompressed black and white BMP file H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 25 Installing and Using the Downloading Programs The downloading programs are on the starter disk or on the downloads page of www seetron com These PC based programs convert BMP files to binary format and download them to your display via the serial port Windows 95 and 98 Drag and Drop On the starter disk open the folder DRAGDROP You ll see a series of files named BMP2COM E XE where represents the com port number the program uses Pick the program whose matches the com port you plan to use and copy it to your hard drive You may also drag the program icon to your Windows desktop to create a shortcut Set your display to 9600 bps and ESC CtI Z to ESC Connect it to the com port and power it up Drag a BMP file onto the BMP2COM icon or shortcut The file will be converted and downloaded to the display Answer the on screen prompts to transfer the picture to flash memory if desired See gt note below about the PROT ect sw
31. itch Windows 3 1 and MS DOS On the starter disk open the folder DOS Copy the file BMPX EXE to your hard drive A good location is the directory folder named DOS since this is where other DOS related program and command files reside A good second choice would bein the same directory as the BMP file s that you plan to work with Connect the G12864 toa PC serial port COM 1 or COM2 and power it up To download a BMP file get tothe DOS prompt by quitting Windows if needed and type BMPX COM1 9600 filename BMP Substitute com2 if you are using that port and or 2400 if your G12864 is set for that speed If the file is in the current directory then you may use just the file name If it s in a different directory you must provide the complete path e g C PAINT MY_FONT1 Note that if the filename ends in BMP you may omit the file extension when typing the command The program will convert the bitmap file to the correct format for the G12864 then download it to the display Answer the on screen prompts to transfer the picture to flash memory gt The display will not transfer a picture to flash EEPROM if configuration switch 5 is set to PROT write protect Turn off the display and change the switch setting before trying again The software does not provide any error message when this occurs H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seet
32. ll font pause 1000 serout LCD N9600 ESC H 128 Highlight line 6 of small font pause 1000 serout LCD N9600 ESC H 192 Highlight line 7 of small font pause 2000 serout LCD N9600 ESC Z 67 Reset text and graphics layers Bonus Plotting a sinewav serout LCD N9600 clrLCD ESC C 64 Clear text amp graphics The loop below displays several cycles of a sine wave using the BS2 s SIN function It plots the wave centered vertically on the screen above and below y coord 32 FOR counter 0 TO 127 sinX 32 SIN 8 counter 8 serout LCD N9600 ESC P 64 counter 64 sinX NEXT STOP Demo over 7 1 ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com
33. more info pwrPos 64 23 Position of the power data spdPos 64 39 Position of the speed data FOR power 50 TO 85 STEP 5 SLEEP 1 PRINT 1 CHRS posCmd CHRS pwrPos power speed power 1 2 Phoney calculation PRINT 1 CHRS posCmd CHRS spdPos speed mph NEXT T gt S gt gt gt gt gt Recipe 2 A Recipe 2 shows how to display EEPROM screens PRINT 1 CHRS clrTXT Clear text layer PRINT 1 CHRS ESC E2 Display EPROM image 2 SLEEP 2 Delay 2 seconds PRINT 1 CHRS ESC CO Clear graphics layer PRINT 1 CHRS ESC E6 Display EPROM image 6 FOR flashes 1 TO 3 SLEEP 1 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC R1 Reverse graphics SLEEP 1 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC RO Normal graphics NEXT SLEEP 2 Pause 2 seconds es ces Recipe 3 Nee esses ee a Recipe 3 shows a useful technique for combining text and graphics to selectively highlight portions of the text PRINT 1 CHRS clrTXT Clear text layer PRINT 1 CHRS ESC CO Clear graphics layer PRINT 1 Menu Item 1 Display text followed by return PRINT 1 Menu Item 2 eon PRINT 1 Menu Item 3 eee PRINT 1 Menu Item 4 PRINT 1 CHRS ESC O1 Set O verlay to 1 XOR FOR selection 8 TO 11 EEPROM screens 8 11 are highlight bars SLEEP 1
34. nce with bitmapped graphics you should find the instructions easy to understand The startup default settings allow you to get visible results immediately If you are unfamiliar with terms like xy coordinates XOR etc see the Painless Graphics Primer that follows the detailed escape sequence descriptions Set configuration switch 5 to PROT before experimenting with the graphics instructions This will prevent you from accidentally overwriting the flash memory which contains the text fonts and demo pictures If you do overwrite the flash you may reload the fonts and images from disk P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 17 Set byte write A ddress ESC Ax y Set the address for the next byte write instruction ESC B n The x coordinate can range from 0 to 127 y from 0 to 7 Write a B yte ESC Bn Write the byte value represented by n 0O 255 to the current screen address set by the instruction ESC A x y Bytes are treated as vertical columns of bits with the low bit Isb at the top diagram page 22 Bits set to 1s show as black pixels Os as white After this instruction the write byte address is automatically incremented by 1 If your program requires writing bytes to sequential screen locations left to right and top to bottom you need only to set the starting address C le
35. ng Don t allow the LCD to come into contact with oil and fats Condensation on the surface and contact terminals due to cold will damage stain or dirty the polarizers After products are exposed to low temperatures they must be allowed to warm up before coming is contact with room temperature air Do not attach anything to the display screen This may leave scratches or marks Do not touch the display screen with bare hands This will stain it Skin oils and cosmetics are detrimental to the polarizers Do not drop or jar the LCD module as you may crack or chip the glass H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 30 Installing the LCD Module TheLCD manufacturer suggests the mounting arrangement shown below The protective plate would be a transparent window the fitting plate would be the pane or enclosure The standoff posts are threaded for 2 56 machine screws Protective plate Fitting plate LCM Recipes and Example Programs The G12864 accepts standard RS 232 style serial so it can be used with hundreds of different computers and dozens of combinations of programming language and operating system So it s a lost cause to try to present a comprehensive set of example programs We recommend that you use a terminal program to try some of the recipes techni ques for achievin
36. ng position of the newly set font that will not overwrite any part of a previously printed character on the same line Depending on the screen location spacing between characters of different fonts can vary from 0 to 5 pixels The small font does not have a visible cursor if the cursor is on when the small font is invoked it will disappear until the large font is reinstated H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual Generate H ighlight Bar ESC Hn G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 19 Draw a highlight bar on the graphics layer and switch the overlay logic to XOR equivalent to ESC O 1 This instruction is designed to highlight a selected line or lines of text by inverting it printing it white on black Highlight clears all previous contents of the graphics layer The value of n 0 255 determines which 8 pixel high line s will be highlighted The 64 pixel height of the display is broken up into 8 lines each 8 pixels high and numbered 0 7 from top to bottom of the screen The value of n is an 8 bit number For each bit of n 0 7 ESC H makes the corresponding screen line black if the bit is 1 or white if the bit is 0 A simpler way to look at it is as a series of magic numbers that highlight particular lines of text depending on the font in effect at the time To highlight multiple lines add up the numbers from the list
37. nnecting serial devices If the serial output is logic level 0 5V make sure that it is inverted In terms of serial communication this means that the stop bit condition should be low OV and the start bit condition should be high 3 5V or higher H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 7 Display Contrast Control The control marked CONTRAST sets the initial contrast of the LCD display The G12864 s temperature compensation circuit automatically maintains contrast throughout the operating range of 0 to 50 C 32 to 122 F You may tweak the contrast setting by adjusting the contrast control very slightly while viewing an image on the display Getting Acquainted The best way to get acquainted with the G12864 is to connect power and serial data as outlined in the previous sections boot up a terminal communications program like the Windows Terminal accessory or Procomm for DOS and type some text and instructions The text you type in your terminal software will appear on the display When you set up your terminal program remember to e Set the program and the display for the same baud rate e Configure the program for no parity 8 data bits 1 stop bit e Turn off hardware handshaking e Set the program for the com port to which the display is connected e To see
38. r Print label followed by return PRINT 1 Speed Here s the cursor positioning command This PRINT statement combines the command with the text to be printed Notice that there s a throwaway character separating the number 23 from the text 75 You could use any character except null ASCII 0 in that position PRINT 1 CHRS posCmd 23 75 Go to position 23 print 75 PRINT 1 CHRS posCmd 39 87mph Go to position 39 print 87mph SLEEP 2 Delay for 2 seconds Scott Edwards Electronics Inc P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 35 Here is the other way to send position values as single bytes with no throwaway Just add 64 to the position and send that as a CHRS which is just BASIC s term for a byte The G12864 will accept _any_ number in this shorthand so it s a valuable technique to learn PRINT 1 CHRS posCmd CHRS 64 23 80 Pos 23 print 80 PRINT 1 CHRS posCmd CHRS 64 39 93mph Pos 39 print 93mph Here s a looped version with variables Note that when BASIC formats a variable as text as when you PRINT a variable like power it adds spaces before and after If you don t like the spaces convert the value to a string with STRS and use LTRIMS and or RTRIMS to trim spaces See the BASIC docs for
39. r and serial input This program uses COM1 change the OPEN instruction if you re using COM2 Delay Subroutine using Nulls SUB pause time AS INTEGER DEFINT A Z T iw 5al Q tt D ve Constants Defining LCD Instructions These constants assign names to the LCD instructions The numbers are the ASCII values listed in the manual For example cntl L is the clear screen instruction the ASCII value is 12 So printing CHR 12 to the LCD clears the screen CONST clrTXT 12 Cntl L clear the text layer CONST bksp 8 Backspace CONST posCmd 16 Position the cursor CONST ESC 27 Escape code Demonstration Program Set up serial port COM1 disable handshaking CD CS DS OP OPEN COM1 9600 N 8 1 CD0 CS0 DS0 OP0 FOR OUTPUT AS 1 This code works the same as recipe 1 from the G12864 manual It clears the screen prints some text then positions the cursor to change just portions of the text Notice that some PRINT statements end in semicolons and others don t PRINT normally adds a carriage return to all data When you don t want a return as when you send instructions adding a semicolon prevents it PRINT 1 CHRS clrTXT Clear text layer PRINT 1 CHRS ESC CO Clear graphics layer PRINT 1 RECIPE NUMBER 1 Print the title followed by return PRINT 1 Powe
40. r for incorporation into mass produced consumer equipment It has not been tested to EMC EMI ESD standards The same is true of most single board computers and other subassemblies whose specs do not specifically include compliance data It is up to the purchaser to determine whether the G12864 is suitable for the intended use This unit is designed and manufactured to high standards of quality This notice is simply intended to head off invalid assumptions that might affect decisions about using the G12864 in consumer products Maximum Ratings and Electrical Characteristics The following data is preliminary and subject to change without notice The G12864 consists of two subassemblies an LCD graphics module and a custom serial controller Where the ratings of these two devices vary the more conservative rating is shown in the table Parameter min max typical unit Operating temperature range 0 0 50 0 C 32 0 122 0 F Storage temperature range 20 0 70 0 C 4 0 158 0 F Supply voltage to J1 Vin 7 0 10 0 9 0 Vdc 6 0 8 0 7 0 Vac Supply voltage to J2 Vsupply 4 5 5 5 5 0 Vdc Current draw backlight off 25 0 15 0 mA Current draw backlight on 100 0 75 0 mA Input voltage serial 1 15 0 0 5 V Input voltage serial 0 3 0 15 0 V Output voltage serial 1 9 0 0 0 5 0 V Output voltage serial 0 3 0 Vsupply 4 5 V Processor clock speed 16 0 MHz Maximum Execution Times for LCD Instru
41. raphics layers on off according to the value of n where 0 is both on 1 is graphics off 2 is text off and 3 is both off Note that when one layer is off the overlay logic for combining layers is ignored F or example when the overlay logic is set to AND text is visible only where it overlays black portions of the graphics screen If the graphics screen is turned off the entire text screen becomes visible If the overlay logic remained in effect the text screen would disappear not useful since it duplicates the effect of ESC Y 3 X fer transfer Graphics Screen to EEPROM ESC Xn Transfer the current graphics screen to flash EEPROM screen n wheren is in the range 0 15 This instruction may be disabled by setting configuration switch 5 tothe PROT write protect position Transferring data to EEPROM is a time consuming process so the G12864 sends a gt character ASCII 62 when done The gt is sent even if the transfer is locked out by the PROT setting gt Use caution with XFERS since EEPROM screens 0 and 1 and optionally 15 contain fonts If you accidentally overwrite a font text may change to hieroglyphics You will have to restore the fonts from the included starter disk Z ap Settings to Defaults ESC Zn Restore many default power on settings for text graphics or both layers in accordance with the value of n where is graphics 2 is text and 3 is both ESC Z 0 has no effect Default settings are listed below
42. rked SER to BS2 pin PO GND to GND and 5V to 5V Alternatively you can omit the 5V connection and run the G12864 off its AC adapter MPORTANT If you run the G12864 off the BS2 s 5V regulator do not turn on the backlight The BS2 regulator cannot supply enough current to power it Define names for LCD instructions bps LCD con 0 Output pin to LCD clrLCD con 12 Clear LCD text screen posCmd con 16 Position cursor N9600 con 4054 Baudmode for inverted 9600 bps output N2400 con 418d Baudmode for inverted 2400 bps ESC con 27 Escape character Note the constant CR for carriage return is predefined in the BS2 Define variables counter var byte Byte counter for miscellaneous purposes sinX var byte Sine of x used in sine plot demo Recipe 1 positioning the cursor pause 1000 serout LCD N9600 ESC CO Clear graphics screen serout LCD N9600 clrLCD RECIPE NUMBER 1 cr Clear screen show text serout LCD N9600 Power cr Speed More text The following lines position the cursor by sending the positioning command followed by a decimal number e g DEC 23 and a space throwaway character This is the same way you would type the command serout LCD N9600 posCmd DEC 23 65 Move to pos 23 print 65 serout LCD N9600 posCmd DEC 39
43. ron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 26 Font Structure The text fonts are stored in the same format as normal full screen images The default 8x16 pixel font consists of two screens stored at flash memory locations 0 and 1 Each character occupies a specific 8 by 16 pixel rectangle of these screens as shown in the illustrations on pages 13 and 14 If you want to use an additional font or fonts just create more font pictures and store them in higher flash memory locations To switch to an alternative font just send the appropriate ESC F ont instruction The optional 6x8 pixel font always resides at flash memory location 15 If you don t want to use this font you can place an ordinary full screen graphic in this location or use it as the second page of an alternative 8x16 pixel font If you create your own fonts you should probably use the ones from the disk files alphaO bmp alphal bmp and alphal5 bmp as starting points J ust open the appropriate file with Paint and make your changes H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 27 Design Notes and Specifications The G12864 is designed to speed prototyping and enable the creation of bench top instruments requiring a serially driven text graphics display It is not meant for direct use by non technical users o
44. s below For example to highlight lines 1 and 2 of the large font use ESC H 15 because 3 line 1 plus 12 line 2 is 15 Default Large 8x16 Font 3 12 48 192 highlight line 1 highlight line 2 highlight line 3 highlight line 4 Optional Small 6x8 Font 1 2 24 38 16 32 64 highlight line 1 highlight line 2 highlight line 3 highlight line 4 highlight line 5 highlight line 6 highlight line 7 128 highlight line8 Set I nk Color ESC In Set the color of pixels used in subsequent plot and line instructions to n where 0 is white and 1is black Scott Edwards Electronics Inc P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 e www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 20 Draw L ine ESC L x1 y1 x2 y2 Draw a line from the coordinates x1 y1 to x2 y2 in the current ink color and drawing mode Valid x coordinates range from 0 127 and y coordinates 0 63 If your application requires you to erase previously draw black lines by overwriting them with white lines or black lines in XOR mode make sure to draw the erasing line from the same starting point as the line to be erased For example to erase a line from 0 0 to 50 50 make sure that the erasing line starts at 0 0 not 50 50 Otherwise the erasure may leave behind some stray pixels Set Graphics M ode ESC Mn Set the logic used to combine new black pixels with old in subsequ
45. t need any characters to separate them nor any throwaway character s H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 16 Function Escape Sequence Set screen address for byte write ESCAxy Write byte value n to present screen address ESC Bn Write byte value n to all screen addresses n 0 to clear ESC Cn Download full screen graphic 1024 bytes ESC DG Display EEPROM screen n on graphics layer n 0 15 ESC En Set font to large 0 or small 1 or select font memory page ESC Fn Create black highlight bar s on graphics layer and set XOR ESC Hn Set ink for points and lines to n 1 black O white ESC In Plot a line from x1 y1 to x2 y2 Set graphics mode to n O0 OR 1 XOR ESC L x1 x2 y1 y2 ESC Mn Set overlay of text graphics layers to n O OR 1 XOR 2 AND ESC On Plot a point at x y ESC Pxy Reverse layers by n O neither 1 graphics 2 text 3 both ESC Rn Plot line from last line end to x y ESC T xy Disable layers by n O neither 1 graphics 2 text 3 both ESC Yn Transfer image from graphics layer to EEPROM screen n 0 15 ESC Xn Restore default settings according to n 1 graphics 2 text 3 both ESC Zn NOTE At startup the text and graphics layers are cleared and all graphics settings are 0 except Ink which is 1 to plot dark pixels on a light background If you have some experie
46. the letter O Remember to use lt cntl Z gt instead of lt esc gt if your G12864 is set for lt cntl Z gt Type this Purpose effect lt cnt1 L gt Clear text screen lt esc gt C lt space gt Clear graphics screen to 0 zero blank ENU ITEM lt return gt Text 0 MI lt space gt MENU ITEM M MI lt space gt lt return gt Text ENU ITEM lt return gt Text ENU ITEM lt space gt b Ww NHN H lt space gt lt return gt Text H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 32 Recipe 3 continued lt esc gt O 1 lt space gt Set overlay logic to XOR lt esc gt E 8 lt space gt Show image 8 Highlight bar line 1 lt esc gt E 9 lt space gt Show image 9 Highlight bar line 2 lt esc gt E 10 lt space gt Show image 10 Highlight bar line 3 lt esc gt E 11 lt space gt Show image 11 Highlight bar line 4 See recipe 5 for a demonstration of the new ESC H instruction which can draw highlight bars Recipe 4 Drawing a Box This recipe shows how to use the line and line to instructions Remember to use lt cntl Z gt instead of lt esc gt if your G12864 is set for lt cntl Z gt Type this Purpose effect lt ent1 L gt Clear text screen lt esc gt C 0 lt space gt Clear graphics screen to 0 zero blank lt esc gt L 10 10 1
47. uld be left in the ESC position unless you find that ESC codes cause undesirable changes in the screen format of your terminal program H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 13 Printable Characters ASCII 32 characters from flash memory The G12864 comes with the default 8x16 pixel font loaded into flash memory screens 0 and 1 and the optional 6x8 pixel font in flash screen 15 see small font diagram on the next page The disk that accompanies the starter package also contains the font screens in bitmap BMP form so that you may edit them J ust remember that editing these screens changes what appears as text If you edit the A so that it looks like Z and download this altered font you ll get Z whenever you send A to the display If you need more symbols either assign them to the high ASCII characters 128 and above or create an additional font and load it into a higher flash memory location 2 4 6 14 To access your new font use the ESC F instruction as described on page 18 F or more information on creating and downloading graphics see page 24 Default Font 8x16 pixels 128 characters 2 flash screens Screen 0 bitmapped font for characters 32 95 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 o 1 2 3 4 ag zie 10 11 12 13 14 15 P R A Ce ii 6789 lt
48. utput Many small controllers are incapable of full duplex and many large ones have such deep output buffers that they cannot stop quickly The buffer depth probe overcomes both problems To use it write your program so that it sends ctrl R ASCII 18 before transmitting to the G12864 Wait for the gt character ASCII 62 to be returned This indicates that the buffer is empty so your program can now send up to 64 bytes without overflow Many applications will not require any flow control at all The time required for your program to prepare data will usually give the display enough time to empty the buffer For minor timing adjustments consider sending an occasional null character ASCII 0 or inserting a brief time delay in your program Ignored ASCII 19 25 misc control characters ASCII codes 19 through 25 are ignored but do take space in the buffer Use control null if you need a time delay Graphics Prefix ASCII 26 Control Z When configuration switch 4 is set to cntl Z on control Z tells the G12864 to expect one of the graphics instructions described in the next section The switch should be left in the ESC position unless you find that ESC codes cause undesirable changes in the screen format of your terminal program Graphics Prefix ASCII 27 Control ESC When configuration switch 4 is set to ESC off Escape tells the G12864 to expect one of the graphics instructions described in the next section The switch sho
49. v2 0 11 98 page 11 Backlight Off if equipped ASCII 15 Control O Control O turns off the LED backlight if installed If not control O is ignored Position Cursor ASCII 16 Control P Control P puts the display into cursor positioning mode In this mode there are two ways to move the cursor to a particular position on the screen e Text method Send the display position as text For example from a terminal program press control P then type 49 followed by a space to exit the mode As soon as the space is typed the cursor will jump to position 49 2nd character of the 4th line with the default 8x16 font Note that the space or other non numeric character other than null that terminates position mode is ignored One byte binary method Send the display position as a single byte value equal to the position plus 64 For example from a terminal program press control P then type A The cursor will jump to position 1 2nd character of the 1st line because the ASCII code for A is 65 The G12864 subtracts 64 from the binary value to arrive at the screen position Note that cursor positioning is always in terms of the font in effect at the time of the instruction The default 8x16 pixel font formats to 4 lines of 16 characters so valid positions are 0 63 The optional 6x8 pixel font formats to 8 lines of 20 characters with valid positions of O 159 Ignored ASCII 17 Control Q Control Q is ignored but takes spac
50. volt or logic level 5 volt sources Most serial ports output toa DB9 male connector Use a straight through male to female DB9 cable to connect to J 2 Cables are available from J ameco 800 831 4242 pn 25700 Digi K ey 800 344 4539 pn AE1020 ND and other computer suppliers If your computer has a DB25 serial port connector use a DB25 to DB9 adapter The figure below shows the wiring of the G12864 s DB9 connector J 2 Handshaking connections are looped back cross connected so that they are disabled The G12864 uses only the TxD transmit data RxD receive data and SG signal ground lines If your application does not require bidirectional communication and your computer controller doesn t have a DB9 style serial connector you may connect serial output TxD and signal ground to the pins of J 3 marked S erial and G nd respectively Straight DB9 male through DE9 female computer cable G12864 DOD J csesies ssa RxD Q TxD TxD RxD DTR gt SG SG Sh OC ee ee RTS Q 7 oes RI NOTE Dashed lines represent unused connections may be omitted if making custom cable Only three connections are required RxD receive data TxD transmit data and SG signal ground If you are using this display with a single board computer see the manufacturer s documentation for information on co
51. w E EPROM Image ESCEn Transfer a full screen image from flash EEPROM screen n to the graphics layer Valid numbers are 0 through 15 Screens 0 and 1 are the default text font screen 15 is the optional small font Set F ont ESC Fn Switch between the default 8x16 pixel font and an optional 6x8 pixel font in flash memory screen 15 A font picture must be installed at this location for the small font to display properly Also lets you change the flash memory location from which the default 8x16 pixel font is read Use these values of n to switch between fonts 0 large font 8x16 pixels el small font 6x8 pixels To change the flash memory source of the large 8x16 font 0 flash screens 0 and 1 2 flash screens 2 and 3 4 flash screens 4 and 5 6 flash screens 6 and 7 6 flash screens 8 and 9 e 10 flash screens 10 and 11 e 12 flash screens 12 and 13 e 14 flash screens 14 and 15 The small font is always drawn from flash screen 15 The default large font is formatted as 4 lines of 16 characters the small font as 8 lines of 20 The large font prints edge to edge across the 128 pixel screen while the small font is printed with a 4 pixel margin on either side See the figures on pages 13 and 14 When you switch between large font and small font and print on the same line small variations in spacing will occur depending on the particular screen position The display follows this commonsense rule it uses the next printi
52. wards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 24 Creating and Downloading Bitmap Fonts and Graphics The G12864 lets you create and download your own text font and graphics screens Its 16kB of flash EEPROM stores the text font and up to 14 full screen images This memory is nonvolatile it retains its contents even with power removed but can be rewritten up to 100 000 times You can create fonts and images using standard PC based graphics programs Conversion and downloading utilities are included with the starter kit The utilities handle graphics files in the following format e Windows bitmap BMP format e Black and white only 1 bit per pixel e No compression e 128 by 64 pixels This file format is supported by the Windows Paint accessory included with both Windows 3 1 and 95 98 Many other graphics programs support this format as well Here s how to set up the Paint accessory e Pull down the I mage menu and select Attributes e Typein a Width of 128 and Height of 64 e Under Units click on Pels e Under Colors click on Black and white e When you re done click OK The Paint accessory is a good choice for creating and editing these images because it lets you work pixel by pixel and can display a grid and or xy coordinates You can import pictures from most other programs via cut and paste The disk that comes with the starter k
53. y Delay depend on serial speed 2400 baud 4 16 milliseconds 9600 baud 1 04 milliseconds Cursor Home ASCII 1 Control A Control A moves the cursor to position O upper left corner of the display Begin Inverse video Text ASCII 2 Control B Control B puts the display into inverse video mode in which text is printed with light pixels on a dark background End Inverse video Text ASCII 3 Control C Control C ends the inverse video mode begun with control B Blank Cursor ASCII 4 Control D Control D makes the cursor invisible If the 6x8 font which has no cursor is in effect the cursor will be off when if the unit is switched to the large font V bar Cursor On ASCII 5 Control E Control E turns on a blinking vertical bar cursor The cursor is only available with the 8x16 default font To turn off the cursor send control D V bar Cursor On ASCII 5 Control E Same as control E Ignored ASCII 7 Control G Control G is ignored but takes space in the buffer Use control if you need a time delay H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Users Manual G12864 v2 0 11 98 page 10 Backspace ASCII 8 Control H Bksp Key Backspace which may also be sent as control H causes the cursor to back up one column and print a space leaving the cursor in that column Horizontal Tab ASCII 9 Control Tab Key Tab wh
54. your typing on the PC monitor set the program for half duplex With the display powered and connected anything you typein the terminal program will appear on the LCD in the default 8x16 pixel font If it does not check the settings and connection If text is garbled chances are that the baud rate is incorrect The G12864 understands control characters like tab return and backspace plus many others sent with the control Ctrl key See the instruction summaries that follow for detailed information H P O Box 160 Sierra Vista AZ 85636 USA Scott Edwards Electronics Inc ph 520 459 4802 fax 520 459 0623 www seetron com Text Layer Control Codes The table below lists the text layer control codes A separate section beginning on page 15 lists the graphics instructions To send control codes from most terminal programs hold down the control key and press another key For example to send ctrl L clear text screen hold down Ctrl and press L To send control codes from a program transmit a byte containing the appropriate ASCII value For example ctrl L has an ASCII value of 12 see table A program would send a byte value of 12 OC hex or 00001100 binary to clear the screen Function Null Delay Cursor home Begin inverse video text End inverse video text Hide cursor Show cursor Show cursor Ignored Backspace Horizontal tab go to next 4x column Smart linefeed go down one line Vertical tab
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