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Service Manual'- Volume 1

1. FILTering 110 dB DIAGnostic 90 dB at line frequency with patient cable and 51 kohm 47 nF imbalance 100 nA 0 5 V max 2 s after defibrillation 35 uVpp measured in the DIAGnostic mode and referred to the input with each lead connected to ground through shielded 51 kOhm 47 nF 5 mV Heart rate depends on upper alarm limit setting Upper alarm limit setting lt 150 Range 15 300 bpm 15 2 x upper heart rate limit Accuracy 1 Resolution 1 bpm Sensitivity 200 uV peak Pace pulse rejection pace pulse width 0 2 2 ms any amplitude relaxation time constant 15 ms to 200 ms Analog Output ECG wave on phone jack Constant gain 1000 FiLTering 0 5 30 Hz Bandwidth DIAGnostic 0 05 100 Hz Baseline offset lt 100 mV at gain of 1000 2c 10 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Alarms Technical alarm Leads Off occurs if electrode is detached dry or if electrode offset potential out of spec Indication Three dashes flash in place of heart rate numerics and audible alarm is given Medical alarms Asystole occurs when interval between two QRS complexes exceeds 4 seconds Indication lt 15 numerics flash and audible alarm is given Alarm range 15 150 bpm in steps of 5 bpm Heart rate alarm occurs when heart rate is outside of selected alarm limits Indication Flashing heart rate numerics and audible alarm given Alarm delay High rate 10 s Low rate 6 s Test e ECG si
2. When the Calibration Unit is delivered no gas cylinders are fitted Before putting the unit into service screw one cylinder of each type CAL 1 and CAL 2 into the appropriate opening in the rear panel The openings are marked CAL 1 and CAL 2 and accept the cylinders marked CAL 1 brown labelling and CAL 2 green labelling respectively Screw the cylinders in until hand tight 3 to 6 turns and then ensure that the pressure indicators are showing approximately 16 5 bar 10 7 bar Europe only When new the calibration unit will contain a small amount of normal air To expel this air before use and thus prevent inaccurate calibration turn the timer control fully clockwise after fitting the gas cylinders and allow it to run for the full period The calibration unit is now ready for use Storage of Gas Cylinders New gas cylinders should be stored in a cool place and not exposed to direct sunlight Disposal of Used Gas Cylinders Do not crush or incinerate used gas cylinders They may be disposed of as scrap metal Performance Assurance Checks 2a 17 Routine Maintenance Changing the Gas Cylinders HP 15210A Calibration Unit Before each calibration the gas pressure indicator on the HP 15210A front panel should be read If the indicator is in the black zone change the gas cylinder as follows a From the rear of the unit turn the empty gas cylinder anti clockwise until the cylinder is free 3 6 turns b Withdraw the e
3. 2 5 of full Scale 21 calibration or 2 0 of full Scale 100 calibration Warm up time using 15203A from standby less than 1 min transducer unpolarized less than 2 hours Instrument back up time greater than 4 days internal battery Alarms Medical Alarms audible and visual High Oz alarm limit selectable from 24 to 100 Low O alarm limit selectable from 18 to 90 Alarm delay 15 s Technical Alarm audible and Transducer disconnected visual Break in sensor cable Test Signal 21 O2 Carbon Dioxide 78834C General Warm up Time 30 min accuracy within 0 3 mmHg of its final value Stability 1 mmHg over 7 day period Response Time lt 125 ms for step from 10 to 90 The following errors are due to O2 N2O compensation and are additional to instrument accuracies given in the sections below I Continuous measurement of Oz Oz between 10 and 100 2c 62 Technical Specifications for all Monitors a O2 compensation error in CO reading less than 1 b N20 compensation N20 is assumed to be 100 minus 02 error in CO reading less than 1 II Standard compensation Oz parameter off a O2 compensation 45 Oz assumed error in COz reading lessthan 3 for actual O2 concentrations of 20 to 70 b N20 compensation if selected 55 N20 assumed error in CO reading less than 6 for actual O2 concentrations of 20 to 70 and actual N2O concentrations of 30 to 80 Instantaneous C
4. Disassembly section 3 After disassembly refit the timer control knob to the timer and the gas cylinders Test 2 Action Test 3 Action Regulator Control Block fs wea rts arse Figure 2a 12 Gas Flow Performance Check Test 2 3 Perform the test 1 again but this time place the tubing coming from the control block in the glass of water If the gas flow is normal in this test inspect the calibration chamber inlet and outlet pipes for blockage see Care and Cleaning If the gas flow is not adequate proceed to test 3 Remove the restriction 15210 23701 from the tubing Place the free end of the tubing coming from the control block into the glass of water Advance the timer first to CAL 1 and then to the CAL 2 positions In both timer positions observe the gas flow If the gas flow is normal in this test replace the restriction 15210 23701 If the gas flow is not adequate in either timer position the complete calibration unit must be reassembled and returned to the nearest HP service office for repair The function of the Timer may be checked using a normal watch or clock When turned fully clockwise the pointer should take approximately 15 minutes to reach the 12 o clock position and then a further 15 minutes before the gas supply is switched off Performance Assurance Checks 2a 21 Disassembly Tools Required m Pozidrive screwdriver size GNI m Normal screwdriver size 1 7 m Hex k
5. Each point contains one systolic one diastolic and two mean values Respiration Channel Length of apnea event s in seconds displayed as a vertical bar Maximum height of bar 60 s to 360 s dependent on selected trend time Resolution of bar ls Number of bars per display 192 Wave 2 min trend only m Display points per trend curve 468 Dual Temperature Channel T1 and T2 are displayed AT trend is directly readable from the display Range 25 C to 42 C Resolution 0 1 C Display points per trend 337 T1 and 48 T2 curve 2c 58 Technical Specifications for all Monitors tcpO4 and tcpCO Channel tcpO trend Range 0 to 600 mmHg 0 to90kPa dependent on selected scale Maximum Resolution 0 27 mmHg 0 04 kPa Display points per trend 384 curve tcpCQO trend Range 0 to 240 mmHg 0 to 36 kPa dependent on selected scale Maximum Resolution 0 27 mmHg 0 04 kPa Display points per trend 384 curve Pleth Channel 78834C The pleth trend curve shows peak to peak amplitude of the wave Range 0 to 1 1 represents amplitude after autogain freeze Resolution 2 Display points per trend 384 curve Oxygen Channel 78834C O trend Range 0 to 100 Resolution 1 volume of O Display points per 384 trend curve Carbon Dioxide Channel 78834C CO end tidal value trend Range 0 to 60 mmHg 9 kPa selected scale 40 mmHg 6 kPa or 0 to 90 mmHg 13 5 kPa selected scale 60 mmHg 9 kPa Resolu
6. Pleth amplifier Bandwidth Settling time Cardiotach Range 15 300 bpm 20 mm to 20 mm Isolectric points range 280 ms to 280 ms ST point range 0 to 280 ms Measurment point resolution 4ms Referred to R wave of QRS complex 20 min 1 2 4 8 and 24h at 10 sec 1 min resolution Graphical 78354C Tabular 78352C Automatic annotation measurement points change ECG lead change Manual Annotation available to the user at any time Permanent display of ST value below HR numeric Range 10 mm to 10mm Adjust steps 0 2 mm Alarm Delay 30 sec Erratic ST occurs when the variation between measured ST values over the sampling period exceeds limits for valid data Can t analyse ST occurs when insufficient good beats are collected over the sampling period to produce an ST value ST paced beats occurs when insufficient good beats are collected and more than 50 of the beats are paced over the sampling period 0 8 11 0 Hz 25 lt 3s 78354C 30 300 bpm 1 1 bpm Accuracy Resolution Trigger sensitivity 5 mm pp 32 mm display 10 mm pp 64 mm display 2c 22 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Graticule lines Lower line Upper line Autofix 25 of wave channel 75 of wave channel 50 of wave channel peak values on Pleth graticule lines Gain frozen after 60 s Test Pleth test signal 50 of wave channel 100 bpm Alarms Medical Ala
7. Switch 301 is the dip switch used to configure the software see Volume II EPROM U303 holds the software and RAM U304 provides a working area Clock U314 together with dividers U310 and U311 provide clock pulses to the microprocessor and the switched mode floating power supply The SpQ board has access to the motherboard during a 2 ms time slot within a 20 ms frame This is controlled by the interrupt line from the motherboard Buffers U305 U306 and U307 provide access to the main Address and Data buses and hence to the shared memory There is no Control bus as such but a read write line is included in the Address Bus 1 86 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 59 hier einf gen Figure 1 26 SpO Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 87 eoseeo ee eee 8 Ze 1 88 Theory Of Operation 780 System Interface Non Annotating 78353 66590 The system board provides the system and alarm interface to 780 systems The board provides the following functions 1 System control signals INOP Alarm reset Alarm on off Patient alarm Recorder run ohn Oo 2 2 Heart rate a Beat to beat or average 3 ECG or repiration wave Input Circuits Buffers U1 U2 and U3 provide the TTL to CMOS interface to the system board The control signals needed to the system board are decoded from the shared memory during the write cycle using a 8K X 8 EPROM U16 When the desired address appears on the bus a control s
8. m Statim If fitted A series of ten measurement cycles are taken over a five minute period Only one QRS complex causing a pressure oscillation in the cuff is sensed at each inflation level Alarms High and low pressure Alarm Limit Adjustments 78354C m 5 mmHg 1kPa steps 2 mmHg 0 5kPa steps for 10 to 30 mmHg 1 5 to 4kPa Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 25 Respiration Channel Respiration amplifier Patient Protection Protected against defibrillator Differential input impedance gt 1 Mohm at lt 50 Hz with ECG in parallel Sensing current lt 80 uA rms measured at 62 5 kHz Isolation voltage 5 kV Noise display lt 3 mm measured at full size Test signal amplitude equivalent to impedance change of 1 ohm 10 at a rate of 25 5 Respiration trigger Monitor automatically sets to automatic triggering AUTO MODE Auto trigger level is set automatically Sensitivity lt 180 mohm at a Resp rate of 30 rpm Respiration rate range 4 to 100 rpm Accuracy 3 rpm MANUAL MODE Trigger level dependent on display size Nominal level M Triggermark Signals must be greater than this mark to be triggered Alarms Respiration rate High rate 10 s Alarm delay HR RR coincidence manual mode only Apnea Alarm delay 10s 40s Fractional Inspired Oxygen Range 10 to 110 Resolution 1 Instrument Accuracy 2 5 of full Scale 21 calibration or 2 0 of full Scale 100 calib
9. of 1 ohm 10 at a rate of 60 5 Respiration trigger Monitor automatically sets to automatic triggering Auto trigger Auto trigger level is set automatically Sensitivity lt 180 mohm at a Resp rate of 60 rpm Respiration rate range lt 170 rpm Accuracy 3 rpm Manual trigger Trigger level dependent on CRT display size Nominal level M Triggermark Signals must be greater than this mark to be triggered 2c 44 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Respiration alarms Apnea alarm activated when no valid breath is detected within present apnea delay ime Delay time Indication High rate alarm range Coincidence alarm Indication Pressure Channel Pressure amplifier Range Sensitivity Gain accuracy Gain stability Gain adjustment range Non linearity Bandwidth Auto zero Range Zero accuracy Zero drift Response time Pressure wave display Graticule lines Pulse rate 10 to 40 s adjustable in ecrements of 5 s APNEA message 000 flashes alarm lamp flashes and audible alarm is given 50 170 rpm in steps of 5rpm in manual mode only activated if the interval between two detected QRS complexes equals the time between two breaths 12 5 HR RR message 35 mmHg to 300 mmHg 4 kPa to 40 kPa 5 uV V mmHg 37 5 uV V kPa or selected 40 uV V mmH 300 uV V kPa automatically 1 0 1 mmHg C 0 013 kPa C 10 0 5 12 Hz 200 mmHg
10. 24 kPa Vent the transducer to atmosphere by opening the stopcock and push the Zero button Close stopcock f Open the release valve on the manometer bulb and rotate the gauge dial outer ring so that zero pressure is indicated g Close the release valve and increase the manometer bulb pressure to 200 mmHg 30 kPa 225 mmHg h Press CAL MERCURY key Mercury calibration setup is displayed oman oT P 1 Am nr CURY E X stop 0 STORE i Brae No BACK TO Baw O Figure 2a 7 Mercury Calibration Set up Display L gt R Adjust the pressure value shown in the softkey display using the CAL MERCURY f or CAL MERCURY J key until it equals the reading on the manometer Performance Assurance Checks 2a 7 Press the STORE CAL key Note If the pressure value is already correct i e does not require adjustment then the calibration factor is also correct and is not necessary to press the STORE T CAL key CAL Cogn FACTOR 00 x stop a nooner 7 0 HAO 2 Figure 2a 8 Pressure Display after successful Calibration n gt gt Alternatively a resistive simulator for 0 and 200 mmHg functioning on the 40 uV V sensitivity range can be built according to Figure 2a 9 The simulation is connected to the pressure input and provides either a 0 mmHg or 200 mmHg input signal switch closed and switch open respectively This allows both the zeroing procedure and 200 mmHg calibration to be checked as in the previous
11. 26 kPa 1 0 mmHg 0 13 kPa 0 1 mmHg C 0 013 kPa C ls normal 3 channel wave range 32 mm overlapping wave 64mm Derived from P1 only not available with Opt E20 Range Accuracy Resolution 25 to 300 bpm 1 1 bpm Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 45 Graticule line labelling and resolution Range mmHg Graticulett line labelling Resolution mmHg cm lower uppert 64 mm 32 mm gt 45 O 30 8 16 10 90 O 60 16 32 20 180 0 120 32 64 25 270 O 180 48 96 Range kPa Graticule Line labelling Resolution kPa cm lower upper 64 mm 32 mm 0 5 4 5 0 3 0 78 1 56 1 0 9 0 O 6 1 56 3 12 2 5 225 0 15 4 16 8 33 3 8 3620 0 24 6 25 12 5 Alarms Technical Alarms Transducer disconnect Pressure disconnect Alarm delay 85 Medical Alarms High and low pressure Alarm delay 8s Pulse rate Range 25 to 300 bpm Test calibration Simulated test waveform and numerics m Pl 120 mmHg 15 kPa P1 60 mmHg 6 kPa Calibration signal steps 30 60 120 180 mmHg 3 6 15 24 kPa 2c 46 Technical Specifications for all Monitors 780 Annotating Interface General Annotating output for HP annotating recorders Delayed outputs for respiration wave and instantaneous heart rate CRG m Delay time 2 5 mins w Parameter off condition 1 V ECG System Outputs m Wave Bandwidth FlILtering 0 5 Hz to 25 Hz DIAGnost
12. Auxiliary signals and 50 mV parameters Internal processing accuracy Selectable channels for 50 mV external recorder Internal processing accuracy Delay mode 12 s delay time Bandwidth Channel 1 0 Hz to 50 Hz Channel 2 0 Hz to 15 Hz Parameters off condition 1 V ECG system outputs Wave Bandwidth FILTering 0 5 to 25 Hz OR 0 5 to 100 Hz ICU DIAGnostic 0 05 to 100 Hz OR and ICU Gain variable between 320 and 3200 dependent on display gain Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 31 DC Output HR Range 15 bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V to 3 V lt 15bpm 0V Accuracy 5 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Pressure system outputs The following accuracies are additional to those given in the Pressure Channel data Wave All the following voltages are 50 mV Range absolute 25 to 270 mmHg 0 25 V to 2 7 V 3 3 to 36 kPa 0 33 V to 3 6 V Range scaled 5 to 45 mmHg 0 50 V to 4 5 V 0 5 to 4 5 kPa 0 50 V to 4 5 V 10 to 90 mmHg 0 50 V to 4 5 V 1 0 to 9 0 kPa 0 50 V to 4 5 V 20 to 180 mmHg 0 40 V to 3 6 V 2 5 to 22 5 kPa 0 50 V to 4 5 V 25 to 270 mmHg 0 25 V to 2 7 V 3 3 to 36 0 kPa 0 33 V to 3 6 V Bandwidth 0 Hz to 12 Hz DC Output Range systolic 30 mmHg to 300 mmHg 0 3 V to 3 V 50mV diastolic and mean 4 kPa to 40 kPa 0 4 V to 4 V Scaled wave on selectable channels for external recorder with offset of 2 V Respiration system output W
13. RxDy 3 gt DTRy 20 lt 20 DTRy SGN GND 7 EEE 7 SGN GND y Channel 1 for 2 Watchdog Circuit The watchdog timer circuit receives the 20 ms signal as clock input and if the microprocessor does not reset the watchdog timer in time the watchdog resets all the components of the RS 232C interface board Theory Of Operation 1 101 Blatt von alte Seite 1 68 hier einf gen Figure 1 30 RS232C Block Diagram 1 102 Theory Of Operation Maintenance Checks introduction Chapters 2a 2b and 2c provide all the Mainenance Check information required for the 78XXX Series Patient and Neonatal Monitors The Maintenance Check chapters cover the following Chapter 2a Performance Assurance Checks Chapter 2b Specification Checks Chapter 2c Technical Specifications for all Monitors Maintenance Checks 2 1 2a Performance Assurance Checks Introduction This chapter contains performance assurance checks applicable to the 783XX and 788XX series of monitors Any checks which are valid for only one of the monitors are clearly labelled with the appropriate monitor number General Performance assurance checks done from the front panel verify that the unit is working is in good operating condition is safe for the staff and patient and is accurate to clinically significant levels Performance assurance including safety tests should be done after every repair When the performance assurance procedures are used as a peri
14. The SIC chip receives serial SDN data from the System Communication Control SCC The SIC uses a 12 bit shift register to convert incoming serial data into 12 bit parallel words to make it uP readable This data is then stored sequentially in the SIC buffer RAMs U4 U5 ready for transmission to the uP interface circuit Instrument data previously received by the SIC buffer RAM from the I O RAM is put into serial form by the SIC chip and at the correct time transmits this data over the SCC into the SDN The SIC reads stores and translates only those messages specified by the board uP Data Synchronization Circuit The data synchronization circuit U24 synchronizes the clock input of the SIC with the incoming data so that it samples accurately the SDN data The SCC has a 32 ms poll cycle time to completely sample each of the connected instruments in the branch The SDN receives async tap from the SCC and there follows a dead time of 4 ms whilst the SIC communicates with the uP and the I O RAM transmits data to SIC buffer RAM and the converse After this time has elapsed information can be transferred between the SDN and the SCC before the SCC switches to the next instrument High priority information is sent first all wave forms HR alarms etc The data synchronization and SDN transceiver circuit U26 U28 ensures that all the board s timings are correct Theory Of Operation 1 97 Control Logic U22 contains the watchdog circuit which in
15. Theory Of Operation larm Lamp Drive Circuit Contents 1 2 Board Full Lead 78354 66522 42 and 78354 66722112 TEE 1 22 Contents 2 Motor Circuit rioating Power Supply Contents 3 8 j a amp a 94 66510 520 2 78353 66590 Contents 4 Maintenance Checks Introduction Performance Assurance Checks Introduction Contents 5 2b Specification Checks S a Checks Test Eauipment 2c ardiotach raticule lines Contents 6 Contents 7 Contents 8 Contents 9 ECG Channel Contents 10 Plerhysmograph system outputs TSEC 78834C larm Limit EEE Contents 11 Fractional Inspired Oxygen 78834C A Ordering Information Main Sales and eee Offices Contents 12 Figures Allocation of Function Blocks to Time Slices Gas Flow Po Check Test 1 Gas Flow Performance Check Test 2 3 Contents 13 Cover Securing Screws veiwed from underneath Control Knob l Regulator Control Block Securing Screws Regulator and Valve Control Blocks Tubing and Flow Regulator Contents 14 Tables 1 1 Test Signals and Results 2 System Output Configurations 28 2b 1 Test Equipment Requirements for Sehen Checks 2b 2 mmHg Test Contents 15 Theory Of Operation Introduction This section contains an overall functional description of the following monitors
16. board for leaks The procedure is detailed in the following steps 1 Press the key to close the valves 2 Apply pressure to the cicuit until the pressure reads 280 mmHg The display shows values derived from the NIBP sensors 3 Observe the pressure reading after 60 seconds The pressure must not have decreased more than 6 mmHg 4 Press the key to open the valves and release the pressure Linearity Test This test checks the accuracy on the NIPB Parameter board across the measurable range The procedure is detailed in the following steps 1 Press the key to close the valves 2 Apply pressure to the circuit until the pressure guage reads 300 mmHg 3 Observe the pressure displayed is 300 mmHg 5 mmHg 4 Decrease the manometer pressure in 50 mmHg steps and check the pressure at 250 200 150 100 and 50 mmHg are accurate to within 4 mmHg 5 Decrease the manometer pressure to 0 mmHg the display must show a value between 0 and 3 mmHg 6 Press the key to open the valves and release the pressure RS 232C Interface Checks This check is to test if the RS 232C board is functioning correctly a Remove top cover and OPEN switch 7 on switch block 1 The baud rate should be switched to 19200 b Now enter monitor test mode by switching off instrument for at least 20 s then pressing softkeys rL or and X or simultaneously switch on the instrument but keeping the keys pressed until the three tones are heard The CRT gri
17. 0 1 kPa When Zeroing is completed d set Ratio Transformer to 50800 e press CAL softkey When calibration is completed the prompt tone sounds Display should show 200 mmHg 1 mmHg f Press STORE CAL softkey to store the calibrated value 2b 10 Specification Checks Pressure linearity check Set Ratio Transformer to values shown in Table 2b 2 and verify linearity by observing readings on display Readings should be within mmHg 0 2 kPa Transformer Test Settings for Pressure Output Linearity Table 2b 2 mmHg Test SETTINGS READING 40 uV 5uV mmHg kPa Test SETTINGS READING SETTINGS READING 40 uV kPa 5uv kPa 3 Specification Checks 2b 11 Plethysmograph channel PHONE JACK FUNCTION 1251 0223 0223 DOKN 1 GENERATOR TIP 3310B 0757 0465 RING o GND ii Figure 2b 9 Plethysmograph Channel Test Circuit Set function generator to sine wave Frequency 3 5 Hz Set amplitude to 10 Vpp Switch instrument on Connect test circuit to pleth input Pleth display with gridlines should appear Gain should be set automatically so that waveform is positioned between gridlines Set function generator to 0 8 Hz Verify that amplitude decrease is not more than approximately 25 Set function generator to 11 Hz Verify that amplitude decrease is not more than approximately 25 nor n op a Respiration Channel INOP check a Connect instrument to test circuit shown
18. 0 5 to 4 5 kPa 0 50 V to 4 5 V 1 0 to 9 0 kPa 0 50 V to 4 5 V 2 5 to 22 5 kPa 0 50 V to 4 5 V 3 3 to 36 0 kPa 0 33 V to 3 6 V Bandwidth 0 Hz to 12 Hz DC Output Range systolic diastolic and 30 mmHg to 300 mmHg 0 3 V to 3 V 50 mV mean 4 kPa to 40 kPa 0 4 V to 4 V 50 mV Scaled wave on selectable channels for external recorder with offset of 2 V Piethysmograph system outputs Wave Amplitude 2 5 Vpp at 50 display DC output HR Range 15 bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V to 3 V lt 15 bpm 0V Accuracy 5 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Temperature system output DC output Range 15 C to 45 C 0 5V to 2 5 V Accuracy 0 1 C for 25 C lt T lt 45 C 0 2 C for 15 C lt T lt 24 9 C Resolution 0 1 C at ambient temperature of 0 C to 40 C Note The only temperature available at the system output is T1 l Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 17 System 780 Non Annotating interface ECG Wave Frequency response FILTering 0 5 Hz to 25 Hz DIAGnostics 0 05 Hz to 100 Hz Output amplitude 2 5 Vpp at 50 display 5 Vpp at 100 display Heart Rate Range 15 to 300 bpm 0 15 to 3 V lt 15 bpm 0 V Accuracy 3 bpm Control Signals Reset active lt 0 3 V 30 mA Alarm off active lt 1 1 V 30 mA INOP active lt 1 1 V 30 mA Patient alarm active lt 1 1 v 30 mA Alarm Relay only loaded on request Voltage 30 V dc Current 2A Resistance 50 mohm 2c 18 Technical Spe
19. 2 V tcpO 5 and tcpCO system output The following accuracies are traditional to those given in the tcpO and tcpCOz channel data DC Output tcpO Range 0 to 450 mmHg 0 to 60 kPa 0 to 4 5 V 50 mV DC Output tcpCO Range 0 to 150 mmHg 0 to 20 kPa 0 to 3 V 50 mV Plethysmograph system outputs 78834C Wave Amplitude 2 5 Vpp at 50 display DC Output HR Range 15 bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V to 3 V OV for lt 15bpm Accuracy 5 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Oxygen system output 78834C DC Output Range 0 to 100 0 to 3 V Carbon Dioxide system output 78834C Wave Range 0 to 60 mmHg 0 to 6 kPa 0 to 3 0 V 0 to 90 mmHg 0 to 9 kPa 0 to 4 5 V Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 57 Trend General One long trend 24 8 4 or 2 h and one short trend 60 or 20 or 2 mins available on ECG heart rate 2 min is beat to beat respiration wave and apnea events and pressure systolic diastolic and mean Points on trend curve are averaged except respiration Alarms are shown as actual values Power off INOP and Alarms off are indicated ECG Channel Heart Rate Trend Range 50 to 210 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Display points per trend 384 468 for 2 min trend curve Pressure Channel The systolic diastolic and mean values are combined in one display Range dependent on selected pressure scale Resolution 1 2 mmHg 0 16 kPa Display points per trend 96 117 for 2 min trend curve
20. 60 Theory Of Operation Blatt von alte Seite 1 41 verkleinern und horizontal hier einf gen Figure 1 18 Temperature Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 61 eee e 1 62 Theory Of Operation Dual Temperature Board 78353 66554 and 78354 66554 The temperature measurement is based on the change in resistance of the transducer with changing temperature This signal in the form of a voltage is rectified and then A D converted Input Circuits Two reference resistors and two temperature inputs in the form of resistances are available at the input section of the board The microprocessor through relays K1 2 3 and transistor switches Q1 2 3 controls which of the resistances is transformed across T1 to the next stage The two reference values representing 40 C and 25 C are used for periodic calibration checks when the microprocessor checks for offset and drift errors Signal Rectification and A D Conversion The resistance transformed across T1 provides damping for the resonant circuit T1 C3 The excitation frequency for the resonant circuit is supplied via frequency divider U10 and amplifier U5 The voltage across the resonant circuit changes as the amount of damping changes with temperature This voltage signal is full wave rectified U6 giving an output dc level proportional to the input temperature signal This signal is then A D converted and goes to the digital circuits Digital Circuits The A D con
21. 66573 is secured and electrically connected to the tcpCO2 02 board and supplies atmospheric pressure information via connection X1 to this tcpCO2 Oz2 board Atmospheric pressure room air pressure is measured for calibration purposes Circuit Operation The barometer board consists of a pressure transducer U7 bridge network and appropriate circuit to provide the microprocessor U6 on the transcutaneous gas parameter board with an 8 bit digital word proportional to the barometric pressure The temperature compensated pressure transducer elements are arranged in a bridge circuit and powered by a dc voltage supply of 10 0 V generated by U5A and U6 Leg 2 of the bridge circuit is held at zero by zero driver U6 and barometer adjustment is made via potentiometer R11 The pressure output signal is amplified at U4 and its voltage output which is proportional to the atmospheric pressure is fed to the feedback input of digital to analog converter U2 The analog output of U2 is input to Schmitt trigger circuit U3 and this in turn is output BO to the microprocessor on the tcpCQ2 O2 parameter board A72 U2 is an 8 bit DAC which is used as an analog to digital converter via successive approximation as follows The microprocessor U6 initiates an 8 bit digital signal equal to 1 2 of the full scale output of U2 and the analog signal produced by U2 is internally compared with the feedback voltage from U4 The comparator U3 switches depending on whether t
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23. Bandwidth FiLTering 0 5 to 25 Hz DIAGnostic 0 5 to 100 Hz Amplitude 2 5 Vpp 50 display height DC Output HR Range average HR 15 bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V to3 V Range instant HR 15 bpm to 240 bpm 0 15 V to 2 4 v Accuracy 5 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Respiration system output Wave Bandwidth 2 5 Hz Amplitude 2 5 V at 50 display height DC Output RR Range 5 resp min to 150 resp min 0 1 V to 3 V Accuracy 3 resp min Temperature system output DC Output T1 5 C to 45 C 0 5V to 2 5V only Range 78834C T1 15 C to 45 C 0 5 V to 2 5 V Accuracy 0 1 C for 25 C lt T lt 45 C 0 2 C for 15 C lt T lt 24 9 C at ambient temperature of 0 C to 40 C Resolution 0 1 C 2c 56 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Pressure system output The following accuracies are additional to those given in the Pressure Channel data Wave All the following voltages are 50 mV Range scaled 5 to 45 mmHg 0 50 V to 4 5 V 10 to 90 mmHg 4 5 V 20 to 180 mmHg 0 40 V to 3 6 V 2 7 V 4 5 V 25 to 270 mmHg 0 5 to 4 5 kPa 1 0 to 9 0 kPa 0 50 V to 4 5 V 2 5 to 22 5 kPa 0 50 V to 4 5 V 3 3 to 36 0 kPa 0 33 V to 3 6 V H i O N n lt ct oO Bandwidth 0 Hz to 12 Hz DC Output Range systolic diastolic and 30 mmHg to 300 mmHg 0 3 V to 3 V mean 4 kPa to 40 kPa 0 4 V to 4 V Scaled wave on selectable channels for external recorder with offset of
24. Channel Range Resolution Accuracy at 0 C to 40 C ambient temperature Average time constant Numeric display update time Test temperature Auxiliary Input Channel General Input impedance Max voltage Bandwidth Input voltage range waveform Input sensitivity Baseline for external devices 15 C to 45 C 0 1 C 0 1 C 25 0 C to 45 0 C 0 2 C 15 0 C to 24 9 C 10s At 15 C 25 If out of range no display No alarm given T1 40 C T2 25 C 0 1 C AT 15 C 0 1 C gt 50 kohm 35 V lt 20 Hz 1 6 V 1 cm V 32 mm waveform channel 2 cm V 64 mm waveform channel 50 of waveform No graticule lines Auxiliary input 78205D Pressure module mmHg only Not possible with Opt E20 Graticule line labelling and resolution As for Pressure Channel see table Wave Input Sensitivity DC Input Range Sensitivity Accuracy 45 mmHg range 62 5 mm V 90 mmHg range 31 3 mm V 180 mmHg range 15 6 mm V 270 mmHg range 10 4 mm V 0 300 mmHg 35 kPa 100 mmHg V 10 kPa 3 mmHg 0 3 kPa Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 29 Auxiliary input 47210 Capnometer Wave Input Sensitivity 0 60 mmHg 0 9 kPa range 9 5 mm V 6 3 mm V graticule line at 40 mmHg 6 kPa 0 90 mmHg 0 13 5 kPa range 9 5 mm V 6 3 mm V graticule line at 60 mmHg 9 kPa DC Input Range 0 150 mmHg 0 17 5 kPa Sensitivity 50 mmHg V 5 kPa V Accu
25. Operation General Principle of Operation Cuff Inflation Arterial Occlusion Pressure Decrements Oscillations Safe Monitoring The cuff around the patients limb is connected to the board via a single tube The cuff is inflated by the pressure pump once or repeatedly depending on the measurement method used to a cuff pressure above the patients systolic pressure For the first measurement the cuff inflates to approximately 165 mmHg Adult 125 mmHg Pedi or 100 mmHg Neo For futher measurements the cuff inflates to approximately 20 mmHg above the previously measured systolic pressure When the cuff is greater than the systolic pressure then the artery is occluded and the pressure sensor only detects the cuff pressure Cuff Deflation The pressure in the cuff is automatically released by the deflation system on the board The deflation occurs in steps of approximately 7 mmHg until the cuff pressure is partially occluding the artery At this point the arterial pressure oscillations are superimposed on the sensed pressure and are extracted by the bandpass filter for measurement purposes As the cuff is deflated that is the pressure is progressively released the magnitude of the oscillations as a function of the cuff pressure increases until the mean arterial pressure is reached The minimum cuff baseline pressure which allows maximum amplitude of arterial pressure oscillations is identical to the mean arterial pressure Wh
26. QRS tone whereby appropriate jumpering S1 on Al Mother Board can provide a differentiation between the standard and the Japanese QRS tones Divider U1 divides the 62 5 kHz signal to provide two signals 976 Hz and 488 Hz These are used in conjunction with the alarm signal and the INOP signal respectively Gates U2A U2B are used to select the signal to be amplified by U3A Potentiometers are provided for QRS volume adjustment R22 and alarm volume adjustment R23 Theory Of Operation 1 19 All three signals are applied to audio amplifier U3C where they are amplified and applied directly to the loudspeaker The Audio Board also contains the external brightness potentiometer R24 and houses the input jack auxiliary inputs 2 and 21 Defibrillator Interface circuit 78353 66511 only the defibrillator interface circuit is located on the Audio Board When the defibrillator senses an ECG wave from either the tip or the ring of the phone jack it sends back to the tip of the phone jack a marker pulse which is detected by the Marker Detector Circuit The marker is indicated as a vertical line on the trace of the ECG wave Note The Audio board 78353 66509 does not include this circuit wv 1 20 Theory Of Operation Battery Board 78832 66519 Battery Charge Circuit When the unit is switched on battery BT1 is charged via U3C and U3D In this situation the 5 V supply to the parameter boards is supplied via Q2 The power on signal
27. Screen size Sweep speed Display mode Waveform display height 140 mm x 105 mm 178 mm diagonal 12 5 mm s 25 mm s or 50 mm s gives 8 s 4s or 2s of display respectively For respiration a speed of 6 25 mm s is also available fixed trace moving bar Channel 1 30 mm 10 Channel 2 normal Channel 3 mode 32 mm 10 m ar u np eee eee ee eee ee ee oe l Channel 2 overlapping Channel 3 mode Numeric update time Resolution ECG Channel Full lead ECG Amplifier 64 mm 10 2s 256 dots vertical 500 dots horizontal a Patient safety Protected against defibrillator and electrosurgery potentials Standard full lead selector Differential input impedance 5 Mohm Common Mode Rejection Ratio Electrode offset potential Baseline recovery Noise Cardiotach Digital cardiotach AUTO MODE Upper alarm limit setting Upper alarm limit range at 10 Hz and including patient cable FILTering 110 dB with Resp gt 106 dB DIAGnostic 90 dB with Resp gt 84 dB at line frequency with patient cable and 51 kohm 47 nF imbalance 0 5 V max 1s after defibrillation 35 uVpp measured in the DIAGnostic mode and referred to the input with each lead connected to ground through shielded 51 kohm 47 nF Heart rate depends on upper alarm limit setting lt 150 15 to 2 x upper alarm limit 2c 20 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Upper alarm limit setting Upper alarm limit r
28. Test calibration Calibration signal steps Simulated test waveform and numerics 25 to 300 bpm 1 1 bpm Transducer disconnect Pressure disconnect 8s High and low pressure 8 s Range 25 to 250 bpm 30 60 120 180 mmHg 3 6 15 24 kPa P1 120 mmHg 15 kPa P2 60 mmHg 6 kPa 2c 24 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Noninvasive Blood Pressure NIBP General Oscillometric method with inflatable cuff determines Mean arterial pressure MAP systolic and diastolic pressure Cuff pressure range 0 to 280 mmHg 37 kPa automatically released if pressure exceeds 315 10 mmHg 42 1 5 kPa Inflation time 6 to 10 s to 280 mmHg typical using standard adult cuff Deflation time 30 to 35 s typical Cuff pressure accuracy better than 3 mmHg 0 4 kPa for ambient temperature 15 C to 25 C better than 3 mmHg 0 6 of reading for ambient temperature 10 C to 35 C better than 3 mmHg 1 7 of reading for ambient temperature 0 C to 55 C Add rounding error of 1 2 digit 0 5 mmHg of 0 05 kPa to above accuracies Measurement Range Systolic 30 to 270 mmHg 4 to 36 kPa Diastolic 10 to 245 mmHg 1 3 to 32 kPa MAP 20 to 255 mmHg 2 6 to 34 kPa Note Measurements are only possible in the heart range 40 to 220 bpm Modes m Auto measurements are automatically repeated with a time interval set by the user 2 5 10 15 30 and 60 min mw Manual a single measurement is taken
29. a gain of 33 and provides the input to the A D converter U11 also clamps the signal to the 0 to 2 V range Feedback Loop Operation As an example assume that the voltage at the output of U8 is 3 V i e 1 5 kohm patient impedance In this case the voltage at the output of integrator U6 is 3 V and at the summing point 0 V see Figure 1 20 The resulting range for the A D converter via Ull is from 1500 10 ohms to 1500 10 ohms If the input impedance i e patient impedance exceeds 1500 10 ohms the microprocessor closes the analog switch via FET driver for approximately 3 ms During this time the feedback loop via U9 and R40 is closed This results in a fast change of the integrator output voltage until the voltage at the summing point is zero This process takes approximately lms see Figure 1 21 The microprocessor now opens the analog switch and the voltage at the integrator output is again fixed The new range in the example Figure 1 22 is 1510 10 ohms to 1510 10 ohms Theory Of Operation 1 67 Note All values are only used as examples and are not actual values u A D Conversion The A D converter has eight input channels two of which are internally connected to the reference voltage and the input ground pin The microprocessor controls the A D converter via the ramp start pin RS and the address pins AO Al A2 If the RS pin is low the capacitor C15 is charged to the voltage at the selected input channel If the RS pin goes
30. be converted i e pin 18 The output of the comparator U6 indicates to the uP if the value on the data bus is the equivalent of the unknown input analog voltage Digital Circuit The A D converted pressure signals are sent to the Z80L microprocessor U21 and after processing to the shared memory ROM U25 having 16K and RAM U26 with 2K memory provide the necessary storage and recall of cuff oscillation pressure information The ROM contains the program for the control of the measurement process Clock divider U17A provides the microprocessor with a 2 MHz pulse The watchdog timer circuit includes counter U19 and receives the same 2 ms input as the microprocessor If the microprocessor does not reset the watchdog timer interrupts with a reset signal Theory Of Operation 1 37 Safety and Valve Pump Control The purpose of this circuit is to release the pressure in the cuff if it exceeds 315 mmHg and also to provide the control signals for the valve and pump The overpressure safety circuit has five connections on the pressure valve and the valve is held closed via a 5 V relay switch If the pressure in the cuff exceeds 315 mmHg a metal bellows expands and cuts out the circuit holding the valve closed If the power fails the safety valve opens automatically to release any cuff pressure NIBP Parameter Software The software contains the following modules m A D conversion in U5 m systolic diastolic mean pressure detection amp c
31. cylinder Weight 2 4kg 5 3lbs without cylinder Note The 15210A is intended for use with Hewlett Packard CAL 1 and CAL 2 gas i cylinders 1 Part Number CAL 1 15210 60010 or 15210 64010 for EUROPE and JAPAN only Part Number CAL 2 15210 60020 or 15210 64020 for EUROPE and JAPAN only 2a 16 Performance Assurance Checks Operating Environment The environment where the HP 15210A will be used should be reasonably free from vibration dust corrosive or explosive gases extremes of temperature humidity etc The HP 15210A operates within specifications at ambient temperatures between 0 C and 55 C The maximum operating relative humidity is 95 at 40 C Ambient temperatures or humidities which exceed these limits could affect the accuracy of the calibration unit and cause damage to components Operating Information Each HP 15210A is delivered with a multilingual collection of stick on operating labels Each label summarizes day to day operating procedures using the Calibration Unit It is intended to be stuck to the top surface of the Unit however it may be attached to any flat grease free surface To attach label clean the surface where the label is to be placed with soapy water to remove any dirt or grease Dry the surface thoroughly Peel off the paper backing and carefully place the label in the required position Press down firmly with a clean dry cloth paying particular attention to the edges Fitting the Gas Cylinders
32. mm scale 1 56 2 34 Technical Specifications 78356A This section contains the technical specifications for the 78356A gas monitor The general instrument specifications are followed by those for the individual parameters General Patient safety a All inputs are CF type a Option NO1 meets safety requirements CSA C22 2 No 125 w Option NO2 meets safety requirements of IEC 601 1 m Option NO4 meets safety requirements of UL 544 m Defibrillator protection up to 5 kV Power requirements Operating voltage 115 V 230 V 10 15 IEC USA 115 V 230 V 10 22 Japan Frequency 50 60 Hz Power consumption 78356A 95 W max Environment Operating temperature 0 C to 55 C Storage temperature 40 C to 75 C Relative humidity 5 to 95 Size 160 mm high 320 mm wide 405 mm deep Weight 11 kg 24 lbs Trends stored at power off condition for a minimum of 1 hour Display Superaster video display Screen size 140 mm x 105 mm 178 mm diagonal Sweep speed 12 5 mm s 25 mm s or 50 mm s gives 8 s 4s or 2 s of display respectively For CO2 capnogram a speed of 6 25 mm s is also available Display mode fixed trace moving bar Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 65 Waveform display height Channel 1 30 mm 10 Channel 2 normal Channel 3 mode 32 mm 10 Channel 2 overlapping Channel 3 mode Numeric update time Resolution Inspired Oxygen Range Resolution Instrument Accur
33. opens a strong signal is produced that creates an unwanted peak Multiplexer and A D Conversion The software controlled multiplexer U9 selects one of the following input signals for output to the A D converter U11 m Static pressure channel 1 Output from U3 u Static pressure channel 2 Output from U6 m Oscillation channel m Reference voltage 3 8 V m Reference voltage 1 5 V m Reference voltage 5 0 mV The reference voltages are used for test purposes to ensure that the calibration is valid The output from the multiplexer pin 8 is buffered by the amplifier U10A before it is input to the A D converter U11 A D conversion is made by the type 7548 12 bit DAC U11 and comparator U12 by means of a successive approximation algorithm 1 44 Theory Of Operation A reference voltage for the DAC of 6 V is produced by U10B The reference element U13 delivers a stable 5 V reference EEPROM and Latch An EEPROM U350 stores the factory calibration values for the sensors and other values required by the software This non volatile memory has a capacity of 128 8 bit words Data is loaded and read serially by the 80C88A microprocessor U26 on the digital board The contents of the EEPROM are not lost when the module is unplugged The module is factory calibrated by applying an accurate pressure of 220 mmHg to the sensors The values produced are stored in the EEPROM and used for future reference A type 574 la
34. p p Generator HP 8011A Open Circuit Frequency Range lt 0 01 Hz to 500 kHz Frequency Response Sine Wave 1 0 01 Hz to 50 kHz REF 1 kHz at full amplitude into 50 Ohm Bandwidth dc to 100 MHz Sensitivity 10mV cm to 10 V cm Time Base 0 1 s cm to 0 5 s cm DC HP 3435 A DC Volts Range 0 000 V to 1 000V Voltmeter Accuracy 1mV Test Cables HP 1250 0781 BNC TEE one HP 11086A BNC BNC cable Components HP 10501 BNC Clipleads Cable Alligator Clips must be added 4 required HP 1251 1190 P C Edge Connector HP 0757 0465 100 kohm 1 Resistor HP 0757 0442 10 kohm 1 Resistor HP 0757 0401 100 kohm 1 Resistor HP 0698 3159 26 kohm Resistor HP 0813 0029 1 Ohm Resistor HP 0160 3552 1 F Capacitor HP 0160 3718 47 nF Capacitor HP 0160 3726 1 uF Capacitor HP 0757 0449 20 kohm Resistor HP 2100 2066 2 kohm Potentiometer HP 0813 0029 1 Ohm Resistor DC Power HP 6214A 1 V de Output Supply Gertsch Transformer Ratio Transformer Oscilloscope HP 1740A Specification Checks 2b 3 Gain Check This check verifies that the gain of the ECG amplifier is 1000 for instruments without a system board and is adjustable for instruments with system boards gains 300 to 3000 with full system board and 400 800 1600 and 3200 with simple system board System Board not Loaded Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 2b 1 a Set lead selector to Lead 1 b Adjust the test equipment as fo
35. passed via transformer T1 to the floating circuit The floating lead select logic consists of monostable multivibrators U7A U7B counter U8 and latch U9 The output signals are applied to lead selector U4 and right leg drive gates U10A B C Grounded Input Circuit Demodulator U11 provides the demodulated ECG signal From here the signal is routed to the bandpass filter U12 U14 which functions in conjunction with the FILTER DIAGnostic switching capability When the FILTER monitoring mode is selected the ECG signal is filtered giving a bandwidth of 0 5 Hz to 30 Hz The notch filter removes AC line frequency artifacts and the results of AC line rectification from the waveform display during electrosurgery The notch filter is bypassed in the DIAGnostic mode After these two filter stages the ECG signal is A D converted via DAC 10 bit U16 and comparator U17 on the basis of successive approximation In operation the microprocessor first guesses a number then U16 converts this to an analog signal and U17 compares it with the input voltage The output of the comparator returns to the microprocessor for further processing Theory Of Operation 1 27 Digital Circuits The A D converted ECG information is processed by the microprocessor U27 in the digital circuit and the results passed to the shared memory on the Display uP Board A2 The digital circuit also processes data from the shared memory ECG Parameter Software The ECG paramet
36. reading 78352A C 3B 4A C measure the 1 6 V source used e Push N or key On external scope the same amplitude as before should be observed within 10 783XX series POWER 100 K En SUPPLY 1 o o en zen 6214A VDC 1000 1 ATTENUATOR POWER 100 KN SUPPLY 6214A 1000 1 ATTENUATOR Figure 2b 5 1 mV Calibration Test Set up Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR This procedure checks that the monitor will provide 90 dB 86 dB with Resp common mode rejection of unwanted interference signals with up to 51 kOhm 47nF of electrode impedance imbalance Set function Generator to 20 V p p output 60 Hz Select DIAGnostic mode 1 2 3 Connect test equipment as shown in Figure 2b 6 4 Measure AC voltage on external scope 5 78352A C 3B 4A C only Set gain to Max Gain SIZE Test Limit V lt 320 mV 500mV with Resp Specification Checks 2b 7 Oe eed HS HE GE HE GER Gas HE Hm Ta FE gt N GE INCLUDES STRAY APACITANCE eee ee O FUNCTION GENERATOR 788XX Serien _ Ng ___ SHIELDED BOX L43S7A 14880A fo ERP ESE wwe secnessecss ewes PATIENT CABLE J P N 10801A TOIXX Series _ 143078 14467A REAR PANEL PATIENT CABLE PHONE JACK OSCILLOSCOPE SHIELDED BOX SHOULD BE AT A DISTANCE FRON GND TO MINIMIZE CAPACITY TO GND P N 10601A Figure 2b 6 Common Mode Rejection Set up Frequency Response This check verifies the ECG Amplifier bandpass i
37. signal is then routed via a selector switch U15 to the A D conversion stage The signal is A D converted by DAC U16 12 bit and comparator U17 on the basis of successive approximation This same A D conversion stage is also used for Temperature and Auxiliary signals Temperature Floating Input Circuit The temperature measurement is based on the change in resistance of the transducer with changing temperature This resistance is transformed across T2 to the grounded section Two reference values representing 40 C and 25 C are also available at the input stage for calibration checks which are carried out periodically by the microprocessor The microprocessor checks for offset and drift errors and removes the necessity for on board adjustments Temperature Grounded Circuit The resistance transformed across from the floating section provides damping for the resonant circuit T1 C26 R63 As the amount of damping changes with temperature the voltage across the resonant circuit also changes This voltage signal is routed via a driver stage to a full wave rectifier and filter The output is a dc level proportional to the input temperature signal This dc signal is offset to make optimum use of the temperature range and then routed to the A D conversion stage via selector switch U15 Theory Of Operation 1 57 Aux Input Circuit The Aux parameter signal is routed via selector switch U13 to the Aux buffer This selector switch can also gi
38. the unregulated 8 2 V pass U6D is the current sensing circuit and U6C the voltage sensing circuit for the 5 V supply Q11 is the switch for the battery mode The 4 V ref is generated by U3 and associated components It is used as the reference power source for the 5 V and the 40 V power supplies 12 V DC Supplies U1 and U2 are linear power regulators with internal current limiting They provide the 12 V and 12 V dc supplies respectively 17V DC Supply U5 is an adjustable power regulator with internal current limiting and overload protection It provides the 17 V dc supply 1 18 Theory Of Operation Audio Board 78353 66512 DEFIBRILLATOR Pro MOTHER BOARD N Rs sto t ORS ORS i TONE ORS JAPI n l u L J 2 VOLUME 976 Hz ALARM ALARM INOP ae TONE SELECT AND AMP m U2A B UIA ALARM T VOLUME IN RIGHT NESS our GRIGHTNESS v za BASIC SETTING j PO MOTHER BOARO i RE J Mm Te ee teen ee meee ES E A pate oe my ogee ete en eet Deren Meee en Comes A eee eee Nee Omas denen hs INHIBIT INPUT MARKER AMPLIFIER DETECTOR POULT to eco BOARD BUFFER CIRCUIT MARKER INPUT 26 H ECG BOARD MARKER WAVE OUT MUT i i The Audio Board receives three signals QRS alarm INOP from the Display uP Board ECG WAVE OUTPUT INTERFACE CIRCUIT em re cm eee ee Ay ai Figure 1 9 Audio Board Block Diagram Amplifier U3B creates the
39. to 3 V 0 V for lt 15 bpm Accuracy 5 bpm 2c 6 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Resolution SpO Pleth 1 bpm SpOz is measured using a dual wavelength optical transducer It measures pulse and SpQ3 Range Numeric display Settling time Accuracy Accuracy NELLCOR SpO Transducers 78352C Alarms Lower Alarm range Upper Alarm range Alarm delay 78352C HR derived from Pleth Alarm delay Pleth Amplifier Bandwidth Settling time lt 3s Cardiotach Range 30 300 bpm Accuracy 1 Resolution 1 bpm 0 to 100 saturation Averaging period selectable 1 2 4 8 16 beats with default 4 Typ lt 5s 1SD 80 to 100 t 1 5 65 to 80 2 5 0 to 65 unspecified iSD 80 to 100 3 0 50 95 step 1 default 90 70 99 OFF step 1 default OFF 6s 10 s High rate 10 s Low rate 6 s 0 8 11 0 Hz 25 Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 7 Graticule lines Lower line 25 of wave channel Upper line 75 of wave channel Autofix 50 of wave channel peak values on Pleth graticule lines Gain frozen after approximately 60 s Test SpO test signal 100 Pleth test signal 50 of wave channel 100 bpm 2c 8 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Technical Specifications 78353A This section contains the technical specifications for the 78353A The general instrument specifications are followed by those for the individual parameters G
40. 0 s adjustable in increments of 5 s Indication APNEA message 000 flashes alarm lamps flash and audible alarm is given High rate 50 to 170 rpm in steps of 5rpm alarm Range Coincidence alarm in manual mode only activated if the interval between two detected QRS complexes equals the time between two breaths 12 5 Indication HR RR message 780 Annotating Interface General Annotating output for HP annotating recorder Delayed outputs for respiration wave and instantaneous heart rate CRG Delay time 2 5 mins Parameters of 1V condition ECG System Outputs u Wave Bandwidth FiLtering 0 5 Hz to 25 Hz DIAGnostic 0 05 Hz to 100 Hz Amplitude 2 5 Vpp at 50 display height e DC output HR Range average HR 15 bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V to 3 V Range instant HR 15 bpm to 240 bpm 0 15 to 2 4V Accuracy 5 bpm Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 39 Resolution 1 bpm Respiration system output Wave Bandwidth 2 5 Hz Amplitude 2 5 V 50 display height DC output Range 5 resp min to 150 resp min 0 1 V to 3 V accuracy 3 resp min Temperature system output DC output T1 only Range AT 0 C to 30 C 0 V to 3 V Range T1 15 C to 45 C 0 5 V to 2 5 V Accuracy 0 1 C for 25 C lt T lt 45 C 0 2 C for 15 C lt T lt 24 9 C at ambient temperature of 0 C to 40 C Resolution 0 1 C AT is standard T1 is internally selectable Trend General One lo
41. 1 56 3 12 2 5 22 5 0 15 4 16 8 33 3 3 36 0 24 6 25 12 5 Pulse Rate Derived from P1 only not available with Opt E20 Range 25 to 300 bpm Accuracy 1 Resolation 1 bpm Alarms High and low pressure alarms occur when selected pressure is outside alarm limits Indication flashing pressure numerics and audible alarm Alarm delay 85 Pulse rate range 25 to 300 bpm Transducer disconnect alarm occurs when transducer not connected to instrument Indication P1 or P2 NO TRANSDUCER message three dashes flash in place of pressure numerics and an audible alarm is given Alarm delay 85 Pressure disconnect alarm occurs when mean pressure falls below 10 mmHg Indication P1 or P2 DISCONNECT message flashing numerics and audible alarm is given Alarm delay 85 Test calibration Simulated test waveform and P1 120 mmHg 15 kPa numerics P2 60 mmHg 6 kPa 2c 54 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Transcutaneous O and CO Channel tcpO and tcpCO General tcpO2 Numerical Display Range 3 Digits Non linearity Temperature Drift tcpCO2 Numerical Display Range 3 Digits Non linearity Temperature Drift Transducer Heating Selectable temperature settings Accuracy Maximum Heating Power Maximum Heating Power 78834C Temperature safeguards Temperature Sensors within transducer 0 to 800 mmHg 0 to 99 9 kPa 0 5 1 digit lt 0 1 per C 0 to 150 mmHg 0 to 20
42. 14307B 14467A PATIENT CABLE 788XX Series 14337A 14939B8A B PATIENT CABLE _ N NA 783XX Series a ee ae 788XX Series 1 j 4 Figure 2b 2 Trigger Sensitivity Check Set up ECG Amplifier Noise Check This procedure checks the maximum allowable ECG amplifier noise with reference the input a b C Connect test equipment as shown in Figure 2b 3 Switch to DIAGnostic mode Set lead selector to Lead I Test Limit Noise excluding hum should be lt 35 mVpp on external scope 78352A C 3B 4A C only Adjust to Max Gain Test Limit Noise excluding hum should be lt 115 Vpp on external scope Specification Checks 2b 5 100 HZ EXTERNAL LOW PASS FILTER OSCILLOSCOPE REAR PANEL PHONE JACK P N 106014 783XX Series SHIELDED CASE 100 HZ EXTERNAL LOW PASS FILTER OSCILLOSCOPE REAR PANEL PHONE JACK P N 105014 788XX Series SHIELDED CASE Figure 2b 3 ECG Amplifier Noise Test Set up PEAK TO PEAK NOISE 50 HZ i COMPONENT KISO mV Figure 2b 4 ECG Noise with 50Hz Component 1mV Calibration Accuracy Check This test checks the accuracy of the internal 1 mV calibration source a Connect test equipment as indicated in Figure 2b 5 b Switch to DIAGnostic mode c Set lead selector to Lead I 2b 6 Specification Checks d Measure the 1 V source used in the test setup with an accurate dc Voltmeter such as the HP 3435A Adjust the source for a 1 000 V
43. 230 V 10 15 IEC USA 115 V 230 V 10 22 Japan Frequency 50 60 Hz Power consumption 78833B 75 W max 78834A 80 W max Environmental Operating temperature 0 C to 55 C Storage temperature 40 C to 75 C Relative humidity 5 to 95 Size 78833B 4C 160 mm high 320 mm wide 405 mm deep Size 78834A C 160 mm high 425 mm wide 405 mm deep Weight 78833B 4C 11 kg 24 lbs Weight 78834A C 14 kg 31 lbs Trends stored at power off condition for a minimum of 1 hour Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 49 Display Superaster video display Screen size 140 mm x 105 mm 178 mm diagonal Sweep speed 12 5 mm s 25 mm s or 50 mm s gives 8 s 4s or 2s of display respectively For respiration a speed of 6 25 mm s is also available Display mode fixed trace moving bar Waveform display height Channel 1 30 mm 10 Channel 2 normal Channel 3 mode 32 mm 10 Channel 2 overlapping Channel 3 mode 64 mm 10 Numeric update time 2s Resolution 256 dots vertical 500 dots horizontal ECG Channel ECG Amplifier Patient Safety Protected against defibrillator and electrosurgery potentials Standard three lead selector Protected against defibrillator and electrosurgery potentials Standard three lead selector Differential input impedance 5 Mohm at 10 Hz and including patient cable ee er ere 1 Mohm at 10 Hz and including patient cable 78834C Common Mode Rejec
44. 3 to power motor drive coils in the transducer To control the motor speed the zero crossing at TP1 output U1B is detected by Schmitt trigger U3D which gives the microcomputer data about actual speed of the motor An internal algorithm of the microcomputer controls the gain of U5 to the achieve correct motor speed of 40 Hz When the start up pulse is generated the gain of U5 is 0 but in normal operation when the motor is running the gain is between 0 and 1 to compensate for variations in motor speed To achieve a symmetrical Motor Drive voltage UMD around zero the integrator U1D corrects the dc part of UMD by giving an offset to the flux integrator U1B dc restoring Temperature Control Circuit The sense thermistor of the transducer is part of a resistance bridge and its differential voltage is amplified by U1A and then Analog to Digital converted by U4 The microcomputer U2 uses an algorithm to filter the temperature data and provide a pulse width modulated signal at P21 Q4 and associated components make a flyback converter to provide a dc voltage to the heater thermistor in the transducer The thermistor is only supplied with power when the motor runs While the correct transducer operating temperature is being reached the message sensor warm up appears on the display 1 50 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 35 hier einf gen Figure 1 15 14360A Sensor Mechanical Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 51 1 52 Theory Of Operat
45. 8 993 2628 Australia New Zealand Hewlett Packard Australia Ltd 31 41 Joseph Street Blackburn Victoria 3130 Australia ACN 004 394 763 Tel 03 272 2895 Belgium Luxembourg Belgium Office Tel 32 2 761 31 11 Finland Tel 90 887 21 Germany Tel 06172 16 0 Middle East Africa Greece Turkey Geneva Office Tel 41 22 780 41 11 Spain Tel 91 626 19 01 Switzerland Tel 057 31 21 11
46. 90 0 60 31 2 15 6 Range kPa Resolution kPa cm Lower Upper 32 mm scale 64 mm scale O to 9 O 6 3 12 1 56 O to 13 5 0 9 4 69 2 34 Trend General Long trend 24 8 4 or 2h Short trend 60 or 20 mins One long trend and one short trend are available on each parameter Points on trend curve are averaged values Alarms are shown as actual values Power off INOP and Alarms off are indicated Oxygen Channel O trend Range 0 to 100 Resolution 1 volume of 02 Display points per trend 384 curve Carbon Dioxide Channel CO end tidal value trend Range 0 to 60 mmHg 9kPa selected scale 40 mmHg 6kPa or 0 to 90 mmHg 13 5kPa selected scale 60 mmHg 9kPa Resolution 1 mmHg 0 13 kPa Display points per trend 384 curve System Interface General Opt J11 only Auxiliary signals and parameters Internal processing accuracy 50 mV Selectable channels for external recorder Internal processing accuracy 50 mV Delay mode 12 s delay time 2c 68 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Parameters off condition 1V Instantaneous CO Range 0 90 mmHg 0 9 kPa 0 4 V Test square wave with 0 and 40 mmHg 30 bpm End Tidal CO Range 0 150 mmHg 0 15 kPa 0 3 V Test 40mmHg Respiration Rate Range 0 150 rpm 0 3 V Test 30 rpm 02 Range 0 100 0 3 V Test 100 O Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 69 Ordering Information Main Sales and Support Offices United States of
47. ATOR BLOCK Calibration Chamber Figure 2a 10 Block diagram Internal Components Each gas cylinder is screwed directly into a pressure regulator block These blocks ensure that in combination with the restriction the gas flow remains constant as the pressure in the cylinders falls with use From the regulation blocks the gas is channelled to the control block The gases pass into the control block via an opening in the side sealed with an O ring and filter The control block acts as a switch The operation of the switch is controlled by the timer section of the Control Block On turning the timer control fully clockwise CAL 2 gas is directed from the control block to the Calibration Chamber At the 12 o clock position of the timer control the Control Block automatically changes to CAL 1 gas The two phases of the timer each last 15 minutes At the end of the CAL 1 phases the gas supply to the Calibration Chamber is switched off A restriction piece is fitted in the tubing connecting the control block to the calibration chamber The restriction helps to regulate the gas flow When a tranducer is placed in the calibration chamber it rests on the O ring and thus prevents gas escaping To maintain a steady gas flow over the transducer surface an outlet is provided in the rear of the calibration chamber This outlet is connected to approximately 200mm of tubing for use in the Performance Test described on the next page Pe
48. HP 783XX Series and HP 788XX Series Service Manual Volume 1 Patient Monitors and Neonatal Monitors LA Packaro HP Part No 78354 9000B Printed in Germany March 1993 Edition 8 Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice Hewlett Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Hewlett Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material Hewlett Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished by Hewlett Packard This document contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced or translated to another language without the prior written consent of Hewlett Packard Company The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice Hewlett Packard Company Medical Products Group Europe Schickardstrasse 4 7030 Boeblingen Federal Republic of Germany Copyright Hewlett Packard Company 1991 All rights reserved Printing History New editions are complete revisions of the manual Update packages which are issued between editions contain additional and replaceme
49. Memory and Data Transfer Character Generation The screen has a capacity of 30 small characters or 15 large characters in horizontal direction and 18 small characters or 9 large characters in vertical direction 4 small characters can be joined together to make 1 large character The screen is thus divided up into a maximim of 540 small characters Each character position is definedby a specific address The hexadecimal addresses begin at the bottom left of the screen with address 000H progress up to the top left address 012H and finish at the top right of the screen with address 21BH Address QO12H Address 21BH 30 small 15 large Address QOOH Figure 1 4 Address Character Distribution on the screen With each address from the CRT controller U20 the numerics RAM UI6 passes information on the character to be displayed to latch U18 6 bit ASCII data information code for character definition plus one bit to define whether large or small character and one bit to define whether inverse or not The 10 bit data is passed to the character generator U12 the 6 bit character information the 3 bits from the column counter and the inverse bit The data from the character generator is then latched into the parallel serial shift register U11 for output to the video circuits on the Mother Board 1 8 Theory Of Operation The sweep is delayed by two clock signals so that it does not start until the character information has reached the pa
50. O Wave Display Waveform displayed with graticule lines in channel 2 height 32 mm or over channels 2 and 3 height 64 mm End Tidal CO Numerical Display Range 1 to 150 mmHg 0 to 20 kPa Instrument accuracy 2 mmHg 0 29 kPa 1 2 LSD CO2 0 to 40 mmHg 5 34 kPa 5 5 1 2 LSD CO 40 mmHg 5 34 kPa to 100 mmHg 13 3 kPa LSD Least Significant Digit Respiration Rate Numerical Display Range 0 to 150 rpm Instrument Accuracy 2 rpm Alarms Medical Alarms audible and CO2 WAVE Inspired Minimum Indicated when minimum value visual of CO wave lies above 4 mmHg 0 53 kPa End Tidal CO 1 High CO Limit selectable from 20 to 100 mmHg 2 to 14 kPa 2 Low CO2 Limit selectable from 10 to 95 mmHg 1 to 13 kPa Alarm Delay 15 s Respiration Rate High respiration rate Alarm delay 10 s Apnea alarm no change in selectable from 10 to 40 s instananeous CQ value Alarm delay Technical Alarms audible Transducer disconnected and visual Test Signal 0 40 mmHg 0 6 kPa square wave at 25 rpm 50 duty cycle Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 63 Graticule Line Labelling and Resolution Range mmHg Graticule Line Labeling Lower Upper O to 60 O 40 O to 90 O 60 Range kPa Lower Upper O to 9 0 6 0 to 13 5 0 9 2c 64 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Resolution 32 mm scale 20 8 31 2 Resolution 32 mm scale 3 12 4 69 mmHg cm 64 mm scale 10 4 15 6 kPa cm 64
51. Of Operation 1 55 1 56 Theory Of Operation Temp Pleth Aux Board 78353 66552 and 78354 66552 Pleth Floating Input Circuit The Pleth input signal is applied via diode clamp protection to the Pleth pre amplifier U1A U1C which is an active feedback amplifier giving a band pass characteristic The signal is then used in modulator U1B Q1 which provides a current directly proportional to the input Pleth signal This current is detected on the grounded side of the transformer T1 by means of a sensing resistor The transformer also provides the power to drive a constant current source U36 U3 Q2 which supplies the lamp Test Function Generator The frequency at the transformer is normally 250 kHz but for test purposes a 125 kHz frequency is applied This stimulates the test generator to output a square wave of 101 7 bpm which is input as a test signal to the Pleth preamplifier INOP Detection Circuit If the Pleth transducer is not connected the instrument can not operate When the transducer is disconnected the current to the lamp does not flow This is detected as a change in load by the INOP detector U18 with 78353 66552 board U8 with 78354 66552 which generates an INOP signal From latch U21 this signal is transferred to the digital Pleth circuits Pleth Sensor Circuit The signal detected across the sensing resistor in the grounded section is demodulated by the Pleth Sensor and passed through a bandpass filter U10 The
52. Operation 1 95 eeee 2 wet do 8 4 1 96 Theory Of Operation SDN Board 78353 66595 The SDN serial distribution network board has two prime functions 1 To receive data from the instrument s shared memory process it and make the information ready for onward transmission to the SDN network 2 To receive data from the SDN network process it and transmit it to the shared memory where it can be accessed by the instrument The SDN board permits interfacing with a Central Station HP 78508 504 509 and an Arrhythmia System HP 78720 via a system communication control SCC or via the SDN Interface in a Central Station The SDN board also allows communication with other instruments in the branch Connection to the SCC is by a single cable connected to the rear of the instrument Microprocessor Interface Circuit and I O RAM Incoming data from the instrument s shared memory is copied into the I O RAM U8 U9 through the buffers U11 U12 U13 during the 4ms time interval of the instrument poll cycle During the 4 ms dead time of the SDN poll cycle transmit data already in the I O RAM is copied into the SIC buffer RAM U4 U5 During the rest of the remaining 32 ms SDN poll cycle time the board s uP U10 can access data in the I O RAM to decode process using ROMs U19 U31 and EPROM U16 and to load in new transmit data RAM U21 serves as a interim store for data being processed by the uP System Interface Controller SIC
53. Pa C Response time ls 2c 12 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Pressure wave display Graticule lines normal 3 channel wave range 32 mm overlapping wave 64 mm Graticule line labelling and resolution Range mmHg Graticule line labelling Resolution mmHg cm lower upper 64 mm 32 mm 5 45 0 30 8 16 10 90 0 60 16 32 20 180 0 120 32 64 30 270 0 180 48 96 Range kPa Graticule line labelling Resolution kPa cm lower upper 64 mm 32 mm 0 5 4 5 O 3 0 78 1 56 1 0 9 0 0 6 1 56 3 12 2 5 22 95 O 15 4 16 8 33 4 0 36 0 0 24 6 25 12 5 Alarms 1 High and low pressure alarms occur when selected pressure is outside alarm limits Indication flashing pressure numerics and audible alarm Alarm delay 85 2 Transducer disconnect alarm occurs when transducer not connected to instrument Indication P1 or P2 NO TRANSDUCER message three dashes flash in place of pressure numerics and audible alarm 3 Pressure disconnect alarm occurs when mean pressure falls below 10 mmHg Indication P1 or P2 DISCONNECT message flashing numerics and audible alarm Alarm delay 8 s Calibration test signal Calibration signal steps 30 60 120 180 mmHg 3 6 15 24 kPa Simulated Test waveform and P1 180 mmHg 24 kPa numerics rate 100 bpm P2 60 mmHg 6 kPa Duty cycle 50 and frequency corresponds to 100 bpm Rear panel output Output voltage range 0 3 V to 3 0 V Resolution 10 mV mmHg 75 m
54. The ECG parameter software contains the following modules m ECG wave processing o A D conversion o Pace pulse rejection o Digital filtering o Autofix Autogain for the display o Beat detector o Trend o Fibrillation and Noise detection m Heart rate calculation e Alarm derivation o Leads off alarm oO Asystole alarm o High rate alarm oO Low rate alarm e Keyboard handling Communication with shared memory m Selftest and error handling The ECG parameter software is contained in one 16K x 8 EPROM U28 located on the ECG Board Trend capability The ECG trend times and display update times are listed below 3 1s 9 45 18 7 s 37 4 s 1 25 min 3 74 min 1 24 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 21 hier einfiigen Figure 1 10 ECG Board Block Diagram Full Lead Theory Of Operation 1 25 ECG Board 3 Lead 78832 66522 50 Hz and 78832 66542 60 Hz The ECG Board contains the entire circuitry required for ECG signal processing It consists of an analog section containing Floating input circuit Right leg drive INOP detection circuit Lead selector circuit Grounded input circuit with bandpass and notch filters A D converter Oo PR DND m and a digital section containing 7 Microprocessor 8 ROM 9 2 RAMS Floating Input Circuit The ECG input signals LL LA RA are applied via the overvoltage protection circuits to input amplifiers U1 U2 U3 which provide a gain of approxima
55. V kPa Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 13 Temperature Channel Patient safety Leakage current 10 uA Dielectric strength 5 kV Range 15 C to 45 C Resolution 0 1 C Accuracy 0 1 C 25 0 C to 45 0 C 0 2 C 15 0 C to 24 9 C Average time constant 10 s At 15 C Numeric display update time 2 s No temperature display if measured temperature is beyond limits Test temperature 40 C No temperature alarm Test temperature T1 40 C T2 20 C 0 1 C AT 15 C 04 C Auxiliary Input Channel General Input impedance gt 50 kOhm Input voltage 35 V Bandwidth gt 20 Hz Input voltage range 1 6 V waveform Input sensitivity 1 cm V 32 mm waveform channel 2 cm V 64 mm waveform channel Baseline for external devices 50 of waveform No graticule lines Auxiliary input 78205D Pressure module mmHg only Not possible with Option E20 2c 14 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Graticule line labelling and resolution As for Pressure Channel see table Wave Input Sensitivity 45 mmHg range 62 5 mm V 90 mmHg range 31 3 mm V 180 mmHg range 15 6 mm V 270 mmHg range 10 4 mm V DC Input Range 0 300 mmHg 35 kPa Sensitivity 100 mmHg V 10 kPa Accuracy 3 mmHg 0 3 kPa Auxiliary input 47210 Capnometer Wave Input Sensitivity 0 60 mmHg 0 9 kPa range 9 5 mm V 6 3 mm V graticule line at 40 mmHg 6 kPa 0 90 mmHg 0 13 5 kPa
56. XXX series e Turn the alarm capability off using the amp or The numerics should return to normal display and an ALARMS OFF or ALARMS OFF FOR 3 MIN message should be displayed f Return upper alarm limit to previous display Parameter Set up Keys With the monitor in test mode press each of the remaining parameter setup keys in turn to check that the correct display appears The softkey label displays for pressure plethysmograph and respiration are shown in Figure 2a 5 Pi ER 5 SESon mmea P 5 es Sra gt EE a H e H SS 9 CE CRD HA 2 CN e RESP BEE er EAN e HM Io PR 2 gt Figure 2a 5 Initial Set up Displays for Pressure Pleth and Respiration This concludes the checks for the keys and controls The remaining performance checks concern parameter signal input circuits and calibration procedures 23 6 Performance Assurance Checks Pressure Channel Check and Calibration The following procedure uses the calibration Gauge 14303A For these checks it is assumed that the transducer and pressure gauge are functioning correctly a Connect the gauge as shown in Figure 2 6 Set the stopcock so that the manometer bulb output is connected to both the gauge and the transducer H P 1295 A disposable dome with Linden fittings Figure 2a 6 Equipment for Pressure Calibration Switch instrument on Connect the transducer to the instrument Press the pressure setup key then set the scale to 180 mmHg
57. a gain of 1 The signals are then routed to lead selector switch U4 U3 The amplified U6 ECG signal is fed to modulator U6 The resulting AC voltage is transferred to the grounded section by transformer T2 Right Leg Drive The common mode error signal that serves as input to the right leg drive circuit is derived from the signals summed through R16 and R17 This common mode error signal drives the right leg drive amplifier U9A The output of the right leg drive amplifier returns to the patient through the patient cable serving to prevent 50 60 Hz power line interference Gates U10A B C switch this signal to the LL LA or RA input Q1 Q2 Q3 respectively according to which lead is selected I II III for the other lead positions connection via RL is used INOP Detection Circuit If any of the leads are disconnected right leg drive amplifier U5A generates an INOP signal logic high This signal is passed to INOP comparator U9B and then switched to modulator U6 It is transferred to the grounded circuit and once again detected U15 From latch U21 it is transferred to the digital ECG circuits Lead Selector Circuit U24 receives lead information from the microprocessor U27 via the data bus The serial output from U24 drives the opto coupler U39 via Q13 to transmit information to the floating circuit U8 receives this incoming serial data and transmits parallel output to the lead switches U4 U3 and to the gates U7 and U10 1 22 T
58. acy Warm up time using 15203A transducer Instrument back up time internal battery Medical Alarms audible and visual Alarm delay Technical Alarm audible and visual Test Signal Carbon Dioxide General Warm up Time Stability Response Time 64 mm 10 258 256 dots vertical 500 dots horizontal 18 to 110 1 2 5 of full Scale 21 calibration or 2 0 of full Scale 100 calibration from standby less than 1 min unpolarized less than 2 hours greater than 4 days High O alarm limit selectable from 24 to 100 Low O alarm limit selectable from 18 to 90 15 5 Transducer disconnected Break in sensor cable 21 O2 15 min accuracy within 0 3 mmHg CO2 1 mmHg over 7 day period lt 25 ms for step from 10 to 90 1 mmHg over 7 day period lt 25 ms for step from 10 to 90 The following errors are due to O2 N20 compensation and are additional to instrument accuracies given in the sections below I Continuous measurement of O2 O2 between 10 and 100 a Oz compensation error in CO reading less than 1 2c 66 Technical Specifications for all Monitors b N20 compensation N20 is assumed to be 100 minus 02 error in CQ2 reading less than 1 II Standard compensation Oz parameter off a O2 compensation 45 Oz assumed error in CO reading less than 3 for actual O concentrations of 20 to 70 b N2O compensation if sele
59. ained in one 32K x 8 EPROM U26 and in one 8K x 8 EPROM U50 on board 78354 66502 in one 16K EPROM U50 on boards 78354 66602 and 78354 66702 Note 78353 66502 Board U26 is 16K x 8 ij U47 U52 U54 and U55 z PON RESET not included 1 10 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 9 hier einf gen Figure 1 5 Display Microprocessor Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 11 1 12 Theory Of Operation Single Channel Interpolation Board 78352 66503 The Interpolation Board contains most of the control circuit for generating the video pulses for the waveform display The Monitor display uses a vertical raster format of 720 vertical lines with a vertical raster frequently of 40 kHz and a frame frequency of 50 Hz To eliminate the quantitization of sampled data the Interpolation Board utilizes a smoothing algorithm The smoothing algorithm interpolates four consecutive waveform samples Depending on the relative values of the four samples the intensity of the CRT beam is modulated to produce a continuous waveform with a constant line width The main functions of the Interpolation Board are listed below D A converter Sample and hold Shuffle mux Video pulse generator Ramp generator Raster line control Erase bar latch Wave length latch Start up delay RAM for A2 display board RAM 1 O ONDA W N H _ D A Convertor and Sample and Hold Circuits The waveform is stored in digital form in the
60. al equipment defibrillation discharge of static electricity b Transducer cable damaged Solution a There is no entirely satisfactory solution to this problem other than to remove the source of the interference b Replace transducer Performance Assurance Checks 24 27 9 Problem After application of the transducer to the skin it takes an unusually long time to reach a stable value Cause a Impaired vasodilation b No Contact fluid present or air enclosed between transducer and skin Solution a Evaluate patient status b Re apply transducer 10 Problem Transcutaneous reading remains at a constant value without fluctuations Little response to patient blood gas changes Cause a Physiologic cause b No Contact fluid present of air enclosed between transducer and skin c Skin burn with blister formation underneath transducer Solution a Evaluate patient status b Re apply transducer c Change transducer site reduce skin exposure time 11 Problem tcpCQ reading drifts significantly during measurements Cause a Damaged membrane b Transducer not stabilized before calibration Solution a Replace membrane b Wait for stabilization and recalibrate 12 Problem The transcutaneous reading deviates significantly from the result obtained from blood gas analysis Cause a Physiological cause b Inappropriate transducer temperature c Transducer incorrectly calibrated
61. alculation m alarm determination sm communication with shared memory a Watchdog timer to reset CPU m overpressure circuit controlled by CPU Trend NIBP parameter software contained in 16K ROM U25 NIBP Trend Times are 12 5 s 37 4s 1 25 min 2 5 min 5 min 15 min 1 38 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 33 hier einfugen Figure 1 13 Non Invasive Blood Pressure Board Block Diagram 78352 66535 Theory Of Operation 1 39 s bo 1 40 Theory Of Operation Non Invasive Blood Pressure NIBP Board 78352 66358 The new NIBP board 78352 96538 is used in the HP78352C HP78354C Adult and HP78834C Neonatal Monitors It is designed to be used with adult pediatric and neonatal patients in either an OR or ICU environment This new NIBP board uses surface mounted technology SMT This does not allow repairs to be carried out in the field Specifications Safety Cuff Pressure Range Cuff Inflation Rate Auto Mode Repitition STAT Mode Cycle Time Measurement Time Complies with UL544 IEC 601 1 CSA C22 2 No 125 Patient leakage current lt 10uA at 100V 60Hz a c Protected against damage from defibrillation and electrosurgery 0 to 280 mmHg 0 to 37 kPa less than 10 s typical for normal adult cuff 2 5 10 15 30 and 60 minutes Time Defaults 5 minutes OR 15 minutes ICU 5 minutes Auto Manual 35 s adult 20 s neonatal STAT 17s T
62. ange Accuracy Resolution Sensitivity Pace pulse rejection MANUAL MODE Heart rate range Accuracy Resolution Sensitivity Display gain Analog output w ECG wave on phone jack Gain Bandwidth Baseline offset Alarms Technical Alarm Medical Alarms Alarm delay Test Calibration ECG simulated test waveform and numerics Calibration signal lt 150 15 to 300 bpm 1 1 bpm 200 uV peak meets requirements of AAMI EC13 1983 standard for Cardiac monitors Automode 15 to 300 bpm 1 1 bpm 5 mV to 5 mV 3 mm mV to 30 mm mV channel 1 320 to 3200 dependent on display gain FILTering 0 5 to 25 Hz OR 0 5 to 100 Hz ICU DIAGnostic 0 05 to 100 Hz OR and ICU lt 100 mV at gain 1000 Leads Off Asystole Ventricular Fibrillation Heart rate High rate lt 10s Low rate lt 6s 100bpm 2 waveform 1 5 cm pp 1 mV 10 ST Segment Monitoring 78354 66722 Leads ST measurement Resolution One selectable from I H IH a VR a VL MCL1 V depending on the patient cable used Median value updated every 15 seconds Fixed 0 3 mm Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 21 Measurement Range Measurement Points Range ST measurement points reference Trends Trend Types Event Marker available in graphical trends only Parameter Display Physiological Alarms Inop Alarms Technical Alarms Plethysmograph Channel
63. anges in the conductivity of light through the finger in response to patient pulse By isolating the pulsatile component of the signal the SpO board eliminates the effects of absorption from tissue bone and venous blood The more heavily blood is oxygenated the brighter red it becomes Hence an algorithm comparing the conductivity of red and infra red light thereby measuring the colour of the blood can also offer an indication of oxygen saturation The SpOQ2 board is divided into two distinct areas floating and grounded These are connected by two high voltage optocouplers for data transfer together with the power transformer for power transfer Floating Section The sampling of signals from the photo diode is in four discrete phases a Dark Phase Neither red nor infra red LEDs are lit Only ambient light is measured b Red Phase The red LED is lit and the conductivity of the light through the finger measured c Infra Red Phase The infra red LED is lit and conductivity measured d Pleth Phase Infra red LED is lit and conductivity measured Consecutive frames composed of these four phases are repeated 375 times per second Both the lighting of the LEDs and the sampling of the signal from the photo diode is sequenced by a time multiplexor governed by the microprocessor In perfect conditions i e no noise and constant ambient light the signal from the photo diode may be represented thus Diagram not to scale Theo
64. arameter so that the Pleth and not the ECG provides the Heart Rate reading shown on the top right of the monitor display See the SpOz section in the appropriate operating guide 2 Press the instrument setup key GJ or 3 Press and hold down the test key The monitor indicates which key to press 4 As an alternative to 2 and 3 above go into Service Test Mode This gives a continuous hands off display To do this first leave the monitor switched off for 20 s then simultaneously press keys labelled M or and amp or Gilence Reset and turn on the instrument The monitor display should show a The SpO2 numeric displays 100 b The Heart Rate is 100 bpm c The SpOz wave is smooth and noise free Operating Mode a Attach the transducer to the finger of a normal healthy person b Plug the transducer into the 78XXX and switch on the instrument c After a few seconds the pleth wave should appear on screen Check that a The autogain adjusts the wave form displayed on screen such that it lies between the gridlines In this way it is about 50 of possible channel height b The SpO2 numeric displays 97 2 Providing the person being monitored is healthy and unstressed a reading far outside this range indicates a monitor or transducer error 2a 30 Performance Assurance Checks 2b Specification Checks Introduction The following specification checks should be used to ensure that the monitor is operatin
65. at the base of Q1 causes Q1 and hence Q2 to conduct U3B is switched on and acts as a diode bringing the base of U3A to 5 V Hence U3A is reverse biased and not conducting So the 5 V supply is routed from the input connector via Q2 to the parameter boards When the power is switched off Q2 is also switched off and the battery discharges power via U3A to the parameter boards Alarm Lamp Drive Circuit The alarm lamp signal and 20 ms SYNC signal are combined at gate UIA When the alarm lamp signal is low at the same time that the SYNC signal is low the flip flops U2A U2B are cleared and the lamps are off When there is one rising edge on the alarm lamp signal between SYNC pulses the output of U2B goes high and lamp L1 is switched on When there are two rising edges the output of U2A goes high and lamp L2 is switched on Theory Of Operation 1 21 ECG Board Full Lead 78354 66522 42 and 78354 66722 42 The ECG Board contains the entire circuit required for ECG signal processing It consists of an analog section containing Floating input circuit Right leg drive INOP detection circuit Lead selector circuit Grounded input circuity with bandpass and notch filters A D converter Oo fF WN m and a digital section containing 7 Microprocessor 8 ROM 9 RAM Floating Input Circuit The ECG input signals C LL LA RA are applied via the overvoltage protection circuits to input amplifiers U1 U2 which provide
66. ation by a pulse from the microprocessor forming a watchdog function If the microprocessor is not working correctly it will not reset the timer The timer then overflows and causes a hard reset of the microprocessor The program makes an internal check and then begins a warm start to recover from the failure Respiration Parameter Software The respiration parameter software has the following functions w Control Hardware functions and ADC m Prepare ADC reading for display m Respiration Trigger m Derive Alarm conditions e Evaluate Trends a Communicate with shared memory m Internal Selftest a Trend Theory Of Operation 1 69 Trend times are shown below Update Time 78353B 4A 3 1s 945 18 7 s 37 48 1 25 min 3 75 min 1 70 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 47 hier einf gen Figure 1 23 Respiration Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 71 1 72 Theory Of Operation Transcutaneous Partial CO and O Board 78834 66572 The tcpCO2 tcpO2 transcutaneous partial pressure parameter board A72 is used in conjunction with transducers 15204A and 15205A on neonatal instruments 78833A and 78834A It can process signals from either the 15204A tcpO2 transducer or the 15205A tcpCO2 transducer With certain monitor configurations 78834A neonatal monitor it is possible to have two of these parameter boards in the same instrument which enables the simultaneous measurement of tcpCQO2 and tcpQ3 Barometer boar
67. ave Bandwidth 2 5 Hz Amplitude 2 5 V at 50 display height DC Output RR Range 5 resp min to 100 resp min 0 1 V to 2 V Accuracy 3 resp min Plethysmograph system outputs Wave Amplitude 2 5 Vpp at 50 display DC Output HR 15 bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V to 3 V Range lt 15 bpm 0 V Accuracy 5 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Temperature system output DC Output T1 only 15 C to 45 C 0 5V to 2 5V Range Accuracy 0 1 C for 25 C 0 2 C for 15 C T lt T lt 45 C Opt N12 lt T lt 2 4 9 C 2c 32 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Resolution Trend General at ambient temperature of 0 C to 40 C One long trend 24 8 4 or 2 h and one short trend 60 or 20 mins available on each parameter Points on trend curve are averaged values Alarms are shown as actual values Power off INOP and Alarms off are indicated ECG Channel Heart Rate Trend Range Resolution Display points per trend curve Respiration Channel Respiration Rate Trend Range Resolution Display points per trend curve Pressure Channel 20 to 180 bpm 1 bpm 384 0 to 60 rpm 1 rpm 384 The systolic diastolic and mean values are combined in one display Range Resolution Display points per trend curve dependent on selected pressure scale 1 2 mmHg 0 16 kPa 96 Each point contains one systolic one diastolic and two mean readings Pleth Channel The pleth trend curv
68. ays 10 V p p at rear panel jack c Sweep Function Generator frequency over a range of 0 5 Hz to 70 Hz The Oscilloscope should show the response characteristic of Figure 2b 7 with instrument in FILTER mode d Manually sweep the frequency of the Function Generator to the line frequency of exactly 50 Hz Test Limit V notch lt 760 mV gt 22 4 dB Notch Depth Frequency Response Characteristic IV Base MEIN gt 22 44B 0 5Hz 40Hz 50Hz Figure 2b 7 Notch Filter Test Response Characteristic Pressure Channel These checks verify specification compliance of integral pressure circuitry Additional equipment required for these checks e Ratio Transfomer a Impedance Simulator box m Pressure Connector 1251 4953 Specification Checks 2b 9 Pressure Zero and Range Accuracy Check Connect instrument as shown in Figure 2b 8 PRESSURE UNIT RATIO IMPEDANCE CONNECTOR TRANSFORMER SIMULATOR 1251 4953 e e e e e e namm w wees FF 5 and 8 connected 5 uV V sensitivity 5 and 8 not connected 40 pV V sensitivity Wee oe Oe era a a oe ae a em Ri 0698 3444 3165 R2 0757 0398 75N Li 9140 0131 10 70 Figure 2b 8 Equipment for Zero and Range Accuracy Check Specification ZERO 1 mmHg 0 1 kPa a Set Ratio Transformer to 50000 b Press PRESS setup key c Press ZERO softkey for at least 1 s Prompt tone sounds when zeroing is completed DISPLAY should show 0 mmHg 1 mmHg 0 kPa
69. be ordered under 78354AK 888 If any other mercury manometer is used an expansion container volume 250 mi 10 must be connected to the pressure circuit to simulate the cuff air volume connecting material can be ordered under part number 78354 67001 See figure in Manometer Test Mode It should be noted that a mercury manometer is not as accurate as the recommended pressure gauge and if the manometer tolerance is gt 1 mmHg calibration cannot be done within HP specifications Calibration Procedure The calibration of the NIBP board is described in the following steps If the NIBP board is not for use in Germany ignore references to PTB and PTB sticker 1 Remove the PTB sticker to gain access to the calibration switch Press the calibration switch S2 with a screwdriver 2 3 Press the key to close the valves 4 Apply pressure to the circuit until the pressure guage reads 280 mmHg The display shows values derived from the NIBP sensors 5 Press and hold the key for more than one second to calibrate the board The display will replace the mmHg reading with a 0 and then 280 mmHg The calibration is now completed 6 Press the key to open the valves and release the pressure For Germany only 7 The board must be checked by PTB and access to the calibration switch is sealed with a PTB sticker Specification Checks 2b 17 Leakage Test This test checks both the NIBP board and the Test pressure circuit used to calibrate the
70. below 3 1s 94s 18 7 s 37 4s 1 25 min 3 74 min Theory Of Operation 1 77 Parameter Software The tcpO2 CO software can be divided into 2 main blocks These consist of the main program that takes care of processing tcpO2 tcpCO2 values and an interrupt program which looks after timing tasks such as A D conversion temperature control of the sensors and communication with the shared memory Communication with the shared memory takes place every 20 ms Software Block Diagram Power On Interrupt 20ms Test Key Task BE Routines Processing Control Initializ ee sfreerres Routines Error wenn same 5a Processing A D re Conversion Alarm En Background Processing Temperature lt Seeteetececea Control task Transducer Recognition Shared Control nes Memory ae p02 Communicat f s Processing SF eess lt Besserer I 1 pco2 Processing e i a Heating Power Processing I ee Barometer Pressure Processing Seeeeeerss en Trend Processing 1 78 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 53 hier einfugen Figure 1 24 TcpCO O Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 79 Barometer Board 78834 66573 The Barometer Board 78834
71. bient light reading b Red Phase Switch governing LP RED is closed All others are open Capacitor LP RED is charged by the pulse resulting from the red LED reading The pulse received by amplifier A2 is equivalent to the value of ambient light red light minus ambient light c Infra Red Phase As b above but using capacitor LP INFRA d Pleth Phase As b above but using capacitor LP PLETH The second series of low pass filters following amplifier A2 is used for further noise rejection 1 84 Theory Of Operation The Transducer As well as the connections to the transducer relating to the LEDs and photo diode two more wires are used to check the transducer itself These are connected to resistor R2 within the transducer and enable monitoring to show a That the transducer is properly connected b What type the transducer is Multiplexer Resistor R1 together with the four phase output train from the photo diode are time multiplexed by U107 which in turn is driven by the micro processor uP LEDs The LEDs are driven by controlled current source U121 Two demands must be met a LEDs must be lit in their correct sequence to produce the four phases of the pulse frame b LEDs must be lit to an ideal intensity This is dependent upon the light absorption of the patient s finger The pulse train from multiplexor U107 is converted into a digital signal by the software in microprocessor U212 U204 A process o
72. cifications for all Monitors Technical Specifications 78353B and 78354A C This section contains the technical specifications for the 78353B and 78354A C The technical specifications are the same for both instruments with the following exceptions a the 78354A C can be configured to include NIBP CO2 O2 and SpQg b The 78353B is a 3 4 module instrument and the 78354A is a full module instrument instrument The 78354C comes in both sizes The general instrument specifications are followed by those for the individual parameters General Patient safety m All inputs are CF type m Option N01 meets safety requirements CSA C22 2 No 125 u Option NO2 meets safety requirements of IEC 601 1 m Option NO4 meets safety requirements of UL 544 m Defibrillator protection up to 5 kV Power requirements Operating voltage 115 V 230 V 10 15 IEC USA 115 V 230 V 10 22 Japan 78352C 100 V 200 V 15 5 Japan Frequency 50 60 Hz Power consumption 78353B 75 W max 78354A C 80 W max Enviromental Operating temperature 0 C to 55 C Storage temperature 40 C to 75 C Relative humidity 5 to 95 Size 78353B 4C 160 mm high 320 mm wide 405 mm deep Size 78354A C 160 mm high 425 mm wide 405 mm deep Weight 78353B 4C 11 kg 24 lbs Weight 78354A C 14 kg 31 Ibs Trends stored at power off condition for a minimum of 1 hour Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 19 Display ws Superaster video display
73. cludes a counter to interrupt the uP with a reset signal if the uP fails to reset itself in the normal way It also contains the decoder circuitry for the ROMs together with a buffer network between the SIC chip and shared memory transceiver Signature RAM The signature RAM U2 is accessed by both the SIC chip and uP The uP interface circuit keeps a record of all possible signatures in this RAM to indicate which signatures the SIC chip should address Note Instrument internal board frame is 20 ms 1 98 Theory Of Operation Blatt von alte Seite 1 65 verkleinern und hier einf gen Figure 1 29 SDN Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 99 RS 232C Interface Board 78354 66598 Instruments with RS 232C interfaces allow connection to external devices such as HP 150 PC ThinkJet Printer HP 2225D and Digital to Video Interface HP 78355A Other non HP devices may be connected but must be compatible Monitor Printer HP 2225D amp Fa 78352A 78353B 78354A 78352C 78354C 78833B 78834A 78834C General Principle of Operation The primary functions of the RS 232C interface are m access and sample relevant information in shared memory m to process and transmit information at the request of external devices such as HP 78355A and HP 150 PC or other PC on pressing the monitor s record softkey the interface processes and transmits data to a ThinkJet printer The RS 232C interface can also drive two devices independ
74. cpCOz Configuration default settings Site timer Off Correction Off 2a 14 Performance Assurance Checks HP 15210A Calibration Unit installation Description The HP 15210A Calibration Unit contains two gas cylinders CAL 1 mixture and CAL 2 mixture connected to a calibration chamber via a time controlled valve The valve is normally closed ensuring that no gas is lost when the unit is not in use When the timer is turned to CAL 2 this gas is directed to the calibration chamber for a period of 15 minutes After this time the valve automatically switches to CAL 1 which in turn runs for 15 minutes This section provides the necessary information for you to install and service the HP 15210A Pressure Indicator Chicano 15210A CALI Black Zone HP 15210A Calibration Unit Unpacking the Instrument If external damage to the shipping carton is evident ask the carrier s agent to be present when the unit is unpacked Initial Inspection Check the instrument for any external damage such as dents and scratches on panel surfaces If the shipping carton is not damaged check the cushioning material and note any signs of severe stress as an indication of rough handling in transit Retain the packaging material for possible repacking Claims For Damage If physical damage is evident when the Calibration Unit is received or the unit does not meet the specified operational requirements please notify the carrier and th
75. cted 55 N20 assumed error in CO reading less than 6 for actual O concentrations of 20 to 70 and actual N20 concentrations of 30 to 80 Instantaneous CO Wave Display Waveform displayed with graticule lines in channel 2 height 32 mm or over channels 2 and 3 height 64 mm End Tidal and Inspired Minimum CO Numerical Display Range 1 to 150 mmHg 0 to 20 kPa Instrument accuracy 2 mmHg 0 27 kPa for COz values CO 0 to 40 mmHg 5 34 kPa lt 40 mmHg 5 34 kPa 5 for CO2 values between 40 mmHg 5 34 kPa and 100 mmHg 13 3 kPa Respiration Rate Numerical Display Range 0 to 150 rpm Instrument Accuracy 2 rpm Alarms Medical Alarms audible and CO Inspired Minimum visual Indicated when minimum value of CO wave lies above 4 mmHg 0 53 kPa End Tidal CO High CO Limit selectable from 20 to 100 mmHg 2 to 14 kPa Low CO Limit selectable from 10 to 95 mmHg 1 to 13 kPa Alarm Delay 15s Respiration Rate High respiration rate Alarm delay 10 s Apnea alarm no change in instananeous CO value Alarm delay selectable from 10 to 40 s Technical Alarms audible Transducer disconnected and visual Test Signal 0 40 mmHg 0 6 kPa square wave at 25 rpm 50 duty cycle Graticule Line Labeling and Resolution Range mmHg Graticule Line Labeling Resolution mmHg cm Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 67 Lower Upper 32 mm scale 64 mm scale O to 60 O 40 20 8 10 4 O to
76. d Inaccurate blood gas analysis improper handling of blood sample Solution a Evaluate patient status and refer to Application use of correction factors b See Application Transducer Temperature c Re calibrate d Repeat analysis with blood gas analyzer 13 Problem Transducer can no longer be calibrated Cause a Air bubble within electrolyte layer b Transducer was not stabilized before calibration c Membrane working life exceeded Solution a Remembrane transducer b The tcpCOz transducer must be stabilized for 30 minutes before calibration This applies after each membrane change and after the transducer is plugged into the instrument c Remembrane transducer 2a 28 Performance Assurance Checks Selection of Transducer Temperature General The correlation between transcutaneous and arterial pO2 improves as the transducer temperature is increased However the skin becomes red as a result of the hyperemization at the measuring point caused by the heating up of the transducer Three factors affect the degree of reddening a Skin sensitivity at the point of contact b Transducer temperature c Application period In order to minimize the risk of blistering the temperature should be as low as possible and the application period limited in accordance with the selected temperature and the patients skin sensitivity Under certain circumstances it may take several days before the reddening of t
77. d 78834 66573 provides the transcutaneous parameter boards with atmospheric pressure information for calibration purposes and is secured to the parameter board with clips Only one barometer board is necessary even if the Monitor is configured to monitor both tcpCOz and tcpQo The floating and non floating circuits of the board are separated by opto couplers and a transformer Transducer Recognition The 15204A and 15205A transducers each have a coding resistor which enables the Monitor to recognize whether a CO or Oz transducer is connected The coding resistor forms part of a voltage divider and the resulting voltage produced when the transducer is connected to an instrument is fed to channel 8 of the analog mutiplexer U520 tcpCO Input 12 V 12 V are fed from the parameter board to the 15205A tcpCQ transducer for the internal amplifier supply The tcpCO z input amplifier U501C amplifies the output voltage from the amplifier situated inside the 15205A tcpCO transducer The output of U501C is fed to channel 3 of multiplexer U520 tcpO Input The tcpO2 input amplifiers U502 and U501D converts the current produced by the 15204A tcpO2 transducer into an analog voltage which is fed to channel 4 of analog multiplexer U520 L Polarization Voltage The 15204A tcpO transducer requires a polarization voltage for operation This polarization voltage of 745 mV is fed to the cathode of the transducer and is also required when the monitor i
78. d by the trend time selected see table 12 5 s 37 4s 1 25 min 2 5 min 5 min 15 min The screen is divided into 384 points and each trend data sample requires 4 points therefore the update time is calculated from trend time 384 x 4 1 32 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 29 hier einf gen Figure 1 12 Pressure Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 33 1 34 Theory Of Operation Non Invasive Blood Pressure NIBP Board 78352 66535 For the new NIBP board 78352 66538 used on 78xxxC monitors see Non Invasive Blood Pressure NIBP Board 78352 66358 General Principle of Operation The measurement of blood pressure is based on the oscillometric method in which an inflated cuff around the patient s limb partially occludes the artery The pulsatile arterial flow causes oscillations superimposed on the cuff pressure the amplitude of which can be analysed to obtain the systolic diastolic and mean pressure values The procedure is microprocessor controlled and summarized as follows Cuff inflation Arterial occlusion Pressure decrements Cuff pressure and oscillations On instruction from the operator via the keyboard the microprocessor instructs the pump to inflate the cuff to about 180 mmHg pressure The pressure in the cuff is measured by a plezo resistive transducer Signals from the transducer are sent to the microprocessor which switches off the pump when the required pressu
79. d by the uP to feedback the required pulse width modulated signal to maintain the selected temperature Two comparators U506A and U506B monitor the output of T1 bridge U504 If upper or lower specified temperature limits are outside the defined temperature limits the comparators switch off the heating coil this is for patient safety Analog Multiplexer The analog multiplexer U510 has eight analog inputs m Channel 1 floating ground m Channel 2 2 5 V reference voltage m Channel 3 tcpCO input m Channel 4 tcpOz input e Channel 5 Temp input T1 sw Channel 6 Temp input T2 m Channel 7 Battery voltage m Channel 8 Transducer recognition The multiplexer is controlled by counter U519 The output of the multiplexer is clamped between and 3 2 V by diodes CR505 and CR506 This output is then given an offset by U508B to produce only positive voltages These analog voltages are then fed in sequence to the analog pulse width conversion circuit U508A and U509 1 74 Theory Of Operation Analog to Pulse Width Conversion The analog to pulse width conversion operates as follows A a p 8 a o na gt y d On the rising edge of the incoming heating pulse the output of flip flop U523B is set high and switch S CR 508 is opened This starts the integration of 1V input of the integrator The integrator output increases until the VA analog input voltage has been reached At this time the comparator U509A resets the f
80. d should now appear on the display c Press softkey labelled 2 or and part numbers to ROMs loaded are displayed The display now appears RS232 5180 XX70 to indicate service test mode Now short Port 1 to Port 2 with appropriate cable cable is optional and can be ordered under number 78599AI H16 This cable is approx 1 5 m long During this self test Port 1 receives data from Port 2 and Port 2 receives data from port 1 2b 18 Specification Checks The display now appears RS232 5180 XX 0 which indicates board is functioning correctly If the symbol remains the RS 232C board is not functioning correctly Note XX are the 5th and 6th digits of an 8 digit EPROM part number i Specification Checks 2b 19 Barometer Board Adjustment The Barometer Board is factory calibrated Should it be necessary however to adjust the Barometer Board component level replacement etc it is necessary to remove the top cover of the instrument to access the adjustment potentiometer R11 Switch instrument on and plug in either the test box described in 2 2 8 or a 15204A 15205A transducer and proceed as follows m Press PCO or PO setup key m Press the MORE CONTRLS key m Press the BAROM PRESS key and display shows for example BAROM PRESS Indicating a barometric pressure of 722 mmHg for a monitor configured to mmHg or 96 3 for kPa version m Read off the barometer pressure from an accurate accuracy 0 5 mmHg ba
81. d source passes successively through the expired or inspired gas a filter wheel and an optical interference filter and is then detected by the photoresistor detector The detector output is processed by the CO parameter board The transducer is maintained at a constant temperature of 45 C to prevent condensation developing at the windows of the Airway Adapter the transducer clips onto this This also produces stable conditions for the optical filter inside the transducer to operate in This is controlled by the temperature control circuit The CO measurement technique is based on the absorbtion of infra red energy by CO2 A rotating filter wheel chops the in coming light to produce a series of pulses These pulses are used to calculate the value of CO present in the expired gas using algorithms The chopping filter wheel forms the rotor of the dc motor Four permanent magnets are placed symmetrically around the wheel to provide the magnetic attraction and repulsion from a drive coil pair mounted on the surrounding stator A properly phased drive signal is obtained from the motor drive circuits by integrating and amplifying the voltage from a pair of sensing coils also located on the stator The relationship of the drive coils sense coils and magnets are shown in the figure opposite The motor is started by magnetically positioning a permanent magnet over one sense coil then pulsing the drive coils The filter wheel contains 2 sealed chambe
82. de below covers mainly application and operator problems this troubleshooting is also covered in the O2 Operating Guide PN 15204 90001 and the CO Operating Guide PN 15205 90001 tcpO2 and tcpCO2 monitoring error codes which appear on the monitor display are detailed in Chapter 1 Volume 2 of this service manual PN 78354 90010 tcpO2 transducer 1 Problem Reading fluctuates Cause Switching of nearby electrical equipment defibrillation discharge of static electricity Solution There is no entirely satisfactory solution to this problem other than to remove the source of the interference 2 Problem After application of the transducer to the skin it takes longer than specified to reach a stable value Cause a Impaired vasodilation b Contact fluid layer too thick or air enclosed between transducer and skin Solution a Evaluate patient status b Re apply transducer 3 Problem Transcutaneous reading remains at a constant value without fluctuations Little response to patient blood gas changes Cause a Physiologic cause b Contact fluid layer too thick c Skin burn with blister formation underneath transducer Solution a Evaluate patient status b Re apply transducer c Change transducer site reduce skin exposure time 4 Problem Reading fluctuates towards high values Cause Transducer loosely attached Solution Replace adhesive ring Note pO in air is much higher than the paO z of the blood 2a 26 Performanc
83. dible alarm is given High rate lt 10s Low rate lt 6s 100bpm 2 waveform 1 5 cm pp 78834C 125 bpm 2 waveform 1 5 cm pp 1mV 10 Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 51 Temperature Channel Range 15 C to 45 C Resolution 0 1 C Accuracy 0 1 C 25 0 C to 45 0 C 0 2 C 15 0 C to 24 9 C Average time constant 10 s At 15 C Numeric display update time 2 s If out of range no display No alarm given Test temperature Ti 40 C T2 40 C 0 1 C Te 5 E98 Isolation voltage 5kV Respiration Channel Respiration amplifier Patient Protection Protected against defibrillator potentials Differential input impedance gt 1 Mohm at lt 50 Hz with ECG in parallel Sensing current lt 80 uA rms measured at 62 5 kHz Isolation voltage 5 kV Noise display lt 3 mm measured at full size Test signal amplitude equivalent to impedance change of 1 ohm 10 at a rate of 60 5 Respiration trigger Monitor automatically sets to automatic triggering Auto mode Auto trigger level is set automatically Sensitivity lt 180 mohm at a Resp rate of 60 rpm Respiration rate range lt 170 rpm Accuracy 3 rpm Manual mode Trigger level dependent on CRT display size Nominal level M Triggermark Signals must be greater than this mark to be triggered Respiration alarms Apnea alarm activated when no valid breath is detected within present apnea delay time 2c 52 Tec
84. e Range Accuracy Resolution Sensitivity No pace pulse rejection Analog Output ECG wave on phone jack Constant gain Bandwidth Baseline offset Alarms Technical alarm Leads off 15 350 bpm 1 of displayed value 1 bpm 250 uV peak 1000 FlLtering 0 5 to 25 Hz DIAGnostic 0 5 to 100 Hz lt 100mV at gain of 1000 occurs if electrode offset potential out of spec Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 43 Indication three dashes flash in place of heart rate numerics and audible alarm is given Medical alarms Asystole occurs when interval between 2 QRS compexes exceeds four seconds Indication lt 15 numerics flash alarm lamps flash and an audible alarm is given Heart rate alarm occurs when heart rate is outside of selected alarm limits Indication flashing heart rate numerics and audible alarm given Alarm range 15 30 bpm in steps of 5 bpm Alarm delay High rate 10 s low rate 5 s Test Calibration w ECG simulated test waveform and numerics 125bpm 2 waveform 2 5cm pp m Calibration signal 1 mV 10 Respiration Channel Respiration amplifier Patient Protection Protected against defibrillator Differential input impedance gt 1 Mohm at lt 50 Hz with ECG in parallel Sensing current lt 80 uA rms measured at 62 5 kHz Isolation voltage 5 kV Noise display lt 3 mm measured at full size Test signal amplitude equivalent to impedance change
85. e Assurance Checks 5 Problem tcpO reading drifts significantly during measurements Cause a Damaged membrane b Transducer not polarized before calibration Solution a Press lightly on the membrane surface with your finger If the tcpOz reading first falls slightly and then rises again the membrane is intact If the tcpO2 reading first rises and then falls or remains high the membrane is defective b Re calibrate 6 Problem The transcutaneous reading deviates significantly from the result obtained from blood gas analysis Cause a Physiological cause b Inappropriate transducer temperature c Transducer incorrectly calibrated d Inaccurate blood gas analysis improper handling of blood sample Solution a Evaluate patient status b See Selection of Transducer Temperature below c Re calibrate d Repeat analysis with blood gas analyzer 7 Problem Transducer can no longer be calibrated Cause a Air bubble within electrolyte layer b Transducer was not polarized before calibration c The measuring surface of the transducer is contaminated Solution a Repeat transducer preparation b The tcpO2 transducer must be polarized for 15 minutes before calibration This applies after each membrane change and after the transducer is plugged into the instrument c See Cleaning the Measuring Surface tcpCO z transducer 8 Problem Reading fluctuates Cause a Switching of nearby electric
86. e nearest Hewlett Packard Sales Service office immediately The Sales Service office will arrange for repair or replacement without waiting for settlement of the claim against the carrier Performance Assurance Checks 2a 15 Repacking for Shipment or Storage If the Calibration Unit is to be shipped to a Hewlett Packard Sales Service office securely attach a tag showing the name and address of the owner the model and serial number and the repair required or symptoms of the fault If available and reusable the original shipping carton and packaging material should be used to provide adequate protection during shipping The Hewlett Packard Sales Service office will provide information and recommendations on materials to be used if the original material is not available or reusable Instrument Identification Hewlett Packard uses a nine character sequence for instrument identification This serial number is located on a plate attached to the rear panel of the instrument Specification Gas supply 2 low pressure cylinders Gas Cylinder Type Disposable lightweight colour coded CAL 1 brown and CAL 2 green Gas flow 8 ml 4 2 ml per minute for 15210 64010 and 15210 64020 12 ml 4 2 ml per minute for 15210 60010 and 15210 60020 Cylinder pressure indicated by an integral pressure manometer Timer period CAL 1 20 minutes CAL 2 20 minutes Dimensions 90mm 35 4in high x 220mm 86 6in wide x 235mm 92 5in deep without
87. e necessary clock and timing signals for the uP U13 The input latch U23 reads slotcode SCO SC1 and SC2 the powerfail signal PF 20 ms clock option switches S1A for kPa or mmHg and S1B for respiration from CO2 and by X1 Calstick position out or in Trend capability The trend times and display update times are listed below 3 1s 945s 18 7 s 37 48 1 25 min 3 74 min Theory Of Operation 1 53 Oxygen Board 78354 66541 and 78356 66541 General Principle of Operation The Oz transducer measures oxygen concentrations in ambient or inspired air operating on the polarographic principle Preamplifier Circuit A battery on the Oz parameter board supplies a reference voltage to the anode of the transducer which after a warm up time causes the transducer to produce current when it is exposed to oxygen The current flows from the transducer to the O2 parameter board 78354 66541 or 78356 66541 where it is amplified and converted to a voltage This Oz signal is transferred to the non floating part of the O2 board by modulator U5 transformer T1 and demodulator UA After this signal has been filtered by R8 and C1 it passes to the the CO board 78354 66540 or 78356 66540 where it is A D converted and transmitted to the instrument shared memory The Oxygen value is displayed on the screen as a percentage 1 54 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 37 hier einfugen Figure 1 16 CO 0 Board Block Diagram Theory
88. e of limited display space 2a 10 Performance Assurance Checks Plethysmograph Channel Checks a Apply pleth transducer to ear or finger depending on type used b Plug pleth transducer into instrument After a few seconds pleth curve will appear on display c Autogain should adjust wave signal to lie between gridlines Barometer Board Checks The Barometer Board is factory calibrated and normally needs no adjustment The range of the built in barometer is 500 mmHg to 800 mmHg 67 kPa to 106 kPa with accuracy of 1 full scale The accuracy of the barometric pressure reading may be checked against an absolute barometer To do this connect a working tcpCO2 tcpO 2 transducer to the monitor and proceed as follows e Press pCO2 pO gt setup key m Press the MORE CONTRLS key m Press BAROM PRESS and the display shows for example BAROM indicating a barometric PRESS pressure of 722 mmHg for a monitor configured 722 to mmHg or 96 3 for kPa version a read off the barometer pressure from an accurate accuracy 0 5 mmHg barometer Barometer Board adjustment is described in Barometer Board Adjustment in Chapter 2b tcpCO tcpO Channel Checks and Transducer Troubleshooting Performance assurance checks of the tcpCOz tcpOz channel may be checked either w by connecting working transducers to the transcutaneous inputs and performing measurements and calibration procedures as described in the instrument and sensor operatin
89. e selectable from I II III a VR a VL MCL1 V depending on the patient cable used ST measurement Resolution Median value updated every 15 seconds Fixed 0 3 mm Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 3 Measurement Range Measurement Points Range ST measurement points Reference Trends Trend Types Event marker available in Graphical trends only Parameter Display Physiological Alarms Inop Alarms Technical alarms 20 mm to 20 mm Isolectric points range 280 ms to 280 ms ST point range 0 to 280 ms Measurment point resolution 4ms Referred to R wave of QRS complex 20 min 1 2 4 8 and 24 h at 10 sec 1 min resolution Graphical 78354C Tabular 78352C Automatic annotation measurement points change ECG lead change Manual annotation available to the user at any time Permanent display of ST value below HR numeric Range 10 mm to 10mm Adjust steps 0 2 mm Alarm Delay 30 sec Erratic ST occurs when the variation between measured ST values over the sampling period exceeds limits for valid data Can t analyse ST occurs when insufficient good beats are collected over the sampling period to produce an ST value ST paced beats occurs when insufficient good beats are collected and more than 50 of the beats are paced over the sampling period Noninvasive Blood Pressure NIBP General Oscillometric method with inflatable cuff determines Mea
90. e shows peak to peak amplitude of the wave Range Resolution Display points per trend curve 0 to 100 78354C 0 to 1 1 represents amplitude after autogain freeze 1 78354C 0 01 384 Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 33 AUX Channel CO end tidal value trend Pressure mean value trend Display points per trend curve 384 Single Temperature Channel Range 25 C to 42 C Resolution 0 1 C Display points per trend 384 curve Dual Temperature Channel T1 and T2 are displayed AT trend is directly readable from the display Range 25 C to 42 C Resolution 0 1 C Display points per 337 T1 and 48 T2 trend curve Oxygen Channel O trend Range 0 to 100 Resolution 1 volume of O2 Display points per 384 trend curve Carbon Dioxide Channel CO end tidal value trend Range 0 to 60 mmHg 9 kPa selected scale 40 mmHg 6 kPa or 0 to 90 mmHg 13 5 kPa selected scale 60 mmHg 9 kPa Resolution 1 mmHg 0 13 kPa Display points per trend 384 curve Respiration rate trend Range 0 to 60 rpm Resolution 1 rpm Display points per trend 384 curve 2c 34 Technical Specifications for all Monitors SpO5 Channel 78354C Range 60 to 100 Resolution 2 Display points per 384 trend curve Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 35 Technical Specifications 78832A This section contains the technical specifications for the 78832A The general instrum
91. ed memory for use in the pressure parameter circuit The additional EAROM in the digital circuits is used as a RAM and ROM facility for accurate storage and recall of the gain constant used by the internal software for the pressure signal display and output The watchdog timer U29 U26 U15 is a counter U15 which has a 2 ms input and is reset by a regular pulse via gate U29 If the microprocessor is not working correctly the pulse to U29 does not occur regularly and the counter is not reset The output from the counter overflows via gate U26 to cause a reset in the microprocessor program back to the initial power on sequence etc Theory Of Operation 1 31 Pressure Parameter Software The pressure parameter software contains the following modules m Pressure signal processing o Systolic diastolic mean detection and calculation o A D conversion ao gain fixing and storage for output and display m Alarm derivation m Communication with the shared memory m Self test and error handling m Watchdog timer o CPU reset m Auto zero m Trend Do 78353B and 78354A C trend times 20 min 60 min 2 h 4 h 8h 24h co 78833A 78833B and 78834A C trend times 2 min 20 min 60 min 2 h 4h 8 h 24h The pressure parameter software is contained in a 16K X8 EPROM U28 Note 1 Trend capability the pressure trend curve is the average values of mean diastolic and systolic pressures The trend information is updated at specified m times dictate
92. en the cuff pressure falls below the mean arterial pressure the oscillation magnitude decreases The systolic and diastolic blood pressure values are deducted from the oscillometric signal by extrapolation resulting in empirical values For the extrapolation the attenuation rate of the signal on both sides of the maximum readings are used The board has the following maximum limits which ensure the safety of the patient 1 A maximum measurement time of 120 seconds Adult and Pediatrics Modes 60 seconds Neonatal Mode 2 A maximum time of 120 seconds for a cuff pressure greater than 15 mmHg for adults and pediatric modes or 60 seconds for a cuff pressure greater than 5 mmHg for neonatal mode 3 An overpressure system with the following limits a 330 mmHg maximum for adult mode b 220 mmHg maximum for pediatric mode c 165 mmHg maximum for neonatal mode Theory Of Operation 1 43 NIBP Parameter Board 78352 66538 The Analog Board Hardware Description Pressure Transducers and Input Amplifier The static inflation pressure of the cuff is measured by two identical solid state transducers sensor 1 and 2 These transducers are mounted on either side of the input connector so that the same pressure is measured by both The transducers are duplicated for safety reasons so that there is always a backup if one fails If one channel produces a false value the second channel provides a reference signal by means of which the erro
93. eneral Patient safety a option N04 meets safety requirement UL544 m option N02 meets safety requirement IEC 601 1 Power requirements Operating voltage Frequency Power consumption Environmental Operating temperature Storage temperature Size Weight Display Superaster video display Screen size Sweep speed Display mode Waveform display height Channel 1 To dub oe ee ee ee ee GE oe ee ee ee et Win mm mm Channel 2 Channel 3 mode Channel 2 Numeric update time Resolution 115 V 230 V 10 15 IEC USA 115 V 230 V 10 22 Japan 50 60 Hz 55 W 0 C 55 C 40 C 75 C 78353A 160 mm high 320 mm wide 405 mm deep 78353A 11 kg 24 lbs 140 mm x 105 mm 178 mm diagonal 12 5 mm s 25 mm s or 50 mm s gives 8 s 4sor 2s of display respectively fixed trace moving bar 30 mm 10 overlapping 64 mm 10 Channel 3 mode 2s 256 dots vertical 500 dots horizontal Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 9 ECG Channel 3 lead ECG Amplifier Patient safety Patient isolation Differential input impedance Common Mode Rejection Ratio Auxiliary current Electrode offset potential Baseline recovery Noise Maximum input signal Cardiotach Digital cardiotach Protected against defibrillator and electrosurgery potentials Standard full lead selector 12 MOhm below 60 Hz 5 MOhm at 10 Hz and including patient cable
94. ent specifications are followed by those for the individual parameters General Patient safety e All inputs are CF type m Option N01 meets safety requirements of CSA C22 2 No 125 a Option N02 meets safety requirements of IEC 601 1 m Option N04 meets safety requirements o UL 544 m Defibrillator protection up to 5 kV Defibrillator protection up to5 kV Power Requirements Operating voltage Frequency Power consumption Environmental Operating temperature Storage temperature Relative humidity Size Weight Display Superaster video display Screen size Sweep speed Display mode Waveform display height Numeric update time Resolution per waveform 115 V 230 V 10 15 USA IEC 115 V 230 V 10 22 Japan 50 60 Hz 40 W 0 C to 55 C 40 C to 75 C 5 to 95 160 mm high 320 mm wide 405 mm deep 11 kg 24 lbs 140 x 105 mm 178 mm diagonal 12 5 mm s 25 mm s or 50 mm s gives 8 s 4 s or 2 s of display respectively For respiration a speed of 6 25 mm s is also available fixed trace moving bar Channel 1 30 mm 10 Channel 2 32 mm 10 2s 256 dots vertical 500 dots horizontal 2c 36 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Trends are stored at power off for a minimum of 1 hour ECG Channel ECG Amplifier Patient Safety Protected against defibrillator and electrosurgery potentials Standard full lead selector Differential input impedance 1 Mohm a
95. ently and configuration can be changed while the monitor is in operation ROM RAM ROM U7 capacity is 24K and RAMs U9 11 capacity is 32K 1 100 Theory Of Operation Counter timer Circuit Counter timer U4 provides the correct timing for data to be read from the instument s shared memory U40 on uP display board A3 U4 detects the 2 ms time slice within the 20 ms frame slot for the interface board to access shared memory data Two other counters are used as clock dividers for generating the baud rates for the serial interface Baud rate for channel 1 Port 1 is fixed to 19200 Baud rate for channel 2 Port 2 can be changed by altering the switch settings on switch block 1 Channel 2 Baud rates 19200 9600 2400 and 1200 Serial Interface The serial interface U6 combines the following tasks u performs parrallel serial conversion a communicates asynchronous in accordance with ANSI Standard RS232 m data format is 8 bit without parity 1 start 1 stop bit m two independent full duplex channels m communication control via hardware handshake w the following handshake signals are used o DTR Data Terminal Ready output enables the transmitter of the connected device interface board is ready to receive o CTS Clear To Send enables the transmitter of the RS 232C interface external device is ready to receive see cable wiring below RS232 interface external devices SHLD GND 1 gt I 1 SHLD GND TxDy 2
96. er Board and the display enable DE signal for the interpolation circuits on AB Clock Generation Clock chip Ul provides the clock signal for the clock divider U6 The clock signals generated here are used in the entire instrument 2 ms Interrupt Signal Generation The 2 ms interrupt circuit U2 U3 U8 is used to generate the shared memory access timing signals Alarm Trigger Generation The CPU generates the QRS alarm and INOP trigger signals and latches these from the data bus into U32 alarm latch U32 passes the trigger signals to the Audio Board for further processing Theory Of Operation 1 9 Power Fail Circuit In the event of power fail the shared memory U40 is buffered for at least 15 s If power returns after these 15 s the power fail signal is delayed 30 ms after the reset signal This creates a power on reset i e instrument set up is reconfigured If power returns before the 15 s are up the instrument set up is maintained Display Software The Display software contains the following modules m Initialisation of CRT controller m Self tests ROM RAMS sounds test and error handling m Service tests CRT adjust wave interpolation check m Keyboard handling m Soft key labeling m Display editing m Processing and issuing of alarms m Wave handling wave addressing wave RAM loading erase a bar control m Communication with the parameter software via the common shared memory The display software is cont
97. er software contains the following modules a ECG wave processing o A D conversion o Digital filtering o Autofix gain for the display o Beat detector w Heart rate calculation m Alarm derivation o Leads off alarm a Asystole alarm o High rate alarm o Low rate alarm m Keyboard handling Communication with shared memory m Selftest and error handling The ECG parameter software is contained in one 8K x 8 EPROM U28 located on the ECG Board 1 28 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 25 hier einfugen Figure 1 11 ECG Board Block Diagram 3 Lead Theory Of Operation 1 29 Pressure Board 78353 66532 Single Channel and 78353 66534 Dual Channel Note Where block functions are repeated in both pressure channels only channel 1 j is described The pressure board contains all the circuits required for processing two pressure signals The board supplies an excitation voltage to the transducers and processes the resulting transducer output signals for display and system use Transducer Excitation Circuits Frequency divider U19 U10 Ull divides down a 1 MHz square wave input to give a 2400 Hz square wave output This is filtered to give a sine wave which is input to the push pull amplifier stage Q1 Q2 This stage provides the excitation voltage and current to the transducer across transformer T3 Transducer Signal Demodulation Circuits The input signal from the transducer is transferred across transformer T1 to i
98. ero calibration Press Og setup key again to return to normal display Performance Assurance Checks 2a 9 CO2 Service Setup 1 As in 1 above Press CO setup key to enter CO setup key until display indicates A BET Press key labelled or until STORE appears on display Altitude can now be adjusted 2 3 Press l 4 5 Using appropriate keys adjust altitude reading to the correct value of that instrument s particular installation location i e height above sea level adjustment is made in 100 m steps Press CO setup key once again to return to normal display CO2 02 parameters are now calibrated adjusted and ready for use Note Note O zero calibration needs to be performed when either O2 or CO boards i are replaced because the Og zero calibration information is stored in the NOVRAM U27 located on the CO board 78354 66540 Temperature Channel Checks a Switch the instrument on b Connect precision resistor 2814 0 ohm 0 025 PN 0811 3444 to the temperature input This represents an input of 20 C 0 2 C Check that the temperature numerics displayed are correct c Connect precision resistor 984 20 ohm 0 025 PN 0811 1681 equivalent to 450 C 0 10 C to the temperature input Check again that temperature numerics are correctly displayed Note On 78834A A22 the temperature display alternates between T1 and T2 when both temp channels are loaded at a rate of about 1s This is becaus
99. esolution 0 1 C Accuracy at 0 C to 40 C 0 1 C 25 0 C to 45 0 C ambient temperature 0 2 C 15 0 C to 24 9 C Average time constant 10 s At 15 C Numeric display update time 2 s If out of range no display No alarm given Test temperature T1 40 C D2 25 C 0 17 AT 15 C 0 1 C Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 5 Trend General One long trend 24 8 4 or 2 h and one short trend 60 or 20 mins available on each parameter Points on trend curve are averaged values Alarms are shown as actual values Power off INOP and Alarms off are indicated ECG Channel Heart rate trend Range 20 to 180 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Display points per trend 384 curve Pressure Channel The systolic diastolic and mean values are combined in one display Range dependent on selected pressure scale Resolution 1 2 mmHg 0 16 kPa Display points per trend 96 curve Each point contains one systolic one diastolic and two mean readings Dual Temperature Channel T1 and T2 are displayed T trend is directly readable from the display Range 25 C to 42 C Resolution 0 1 C Display points per trend 337 T1 and 48 T2 table System Interface System outputs Wave Bandwidth FILting 0 5 25 Hz OR 0 5 100Hz ICU DIAGnostic 0 05 100 Hz OR and ICU Gain Variable between 320 and 3200 dependent on display gain DC Output HR Range 15bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V
100. eter R24 on the Audio Board Horizontal Deflection Circuit The slow horizontal sweep driver circuit generates a ramp amplitude which drives the horizontal deflection yoke This circuit is contained in integrated circuit U5 The oscillator in U5 is synchronized by a positive going pulse at pin 2 SLOW SYNC signal Synchronization is inhibited during flyback time The oscillator frequency is set with potentiometer R21 The linearity can be adjusted with potentiometer R22 A 17 V supply is applied to Pin 8 Pin 9 provides the output to the deflection coil Vertical Deflection Circuit The fast vertical sweep driver circuit utilizes the FAST SYNC signal from the Display uP Board A2 to develop a ramp amplitude which drives the vertical deflection yoke and in turn deflects the cathode ray from the bottom of the screen to the top 18 us and then quickly back to the bottom 7 us L2 is used to adjust the picture height and L3 the linearity Theory Of Operation 1 5 High Voltage Circuits The flyback transformer T1 is used to generate the high voltages required by the CRT and the video amplifier The five supplies are A positive voltage of 10 kV for electron acceleration This is the anode voltage A positive 100 V supply for grid G2 of the CRT A positive 300 V supply for grid G4 of the CRT focus A supply of virtual 0 V for grid G1 of the CRT A positive 70 V supply for the video amplifier om G NF Contr
101. ey Allen key size SW 3mm 1 Cover Removal see Figure 2a 13 Figure 2a 13 Cover Securing Screws veiwed from underneath a Remove both gas cylinders from calibration unit b Remove the four screws on the base of the unit see diagram c Slide the cover off towards the rear of the unit 2 Timer Control Knob Grub Screw Figure 2a 14 Control Knob a Ihe timer control knob is secured with a grub screw located in the side of the knob see diagram Loosen this screw approximately 2 turns The knob can now be pulled off 2a 22 Performance Assurance Checks 3 Regulator Control Block Removal Figure 2a 15 Regulator Control Block Securing Screws a Complete operations 1 and 2 above b Remove the connection pipe from the rear of the Calibration Chamber c Unscrew the four remaining screws on the unit base to release the Regulator Control Block d The two screws on the regulator block side can now be removed to separate the regulator block from the control block Be careful not to misplace the O ring and filter which are fitted between the two blocks Figure 2a 16 Regulator and Valve Control Blocks Performance Assurance Checks 2a 23 4 Flow Regulator Restriction Removal Figure 2a 17 Tubing and Flow Regulator a Complete operations 1 2 and 3 b The flow regulator can now be removed by pulling the tubing off 2a 24 Performance Assurance Checks Parts List Regulator Bi
102. f successive approximation is used in conjunction with DAC U153 and comparator U152 DAC U120 controls the LED driver U121 using positive and negative analog pulses of 0 125 mA thereby triggering it to light red and infra red LEDs respectively This produces the required pulse train The intensity of illumination is determined by the current of this triggering pulse Notice that the link to the opto couplers is taken from the microprocessor Selftest Selftesting is achieved by closing the two switches marked Selftest This has the effect of disconnecting the transducer signal and replacing it with an input taken directly from the controlled current source used to drive the LEDs Software can then check almost all of the frontend circuit by measuring ranges and gain of the signal received Theory Of Operation 1 85 Grounded Section The grounded section of the SpO2 board is completely digital It is essentially a dedicated microcomputer and amongst other tasks performs the following a Calculation of the 5pO2 saturation percentage b Control of the user determined alarms c Control of the INOP alarms d Establishment of automatic magnitude wave display e Calculations concerned with trending Since the layout of this section will be familiar to most readers only a few comments on unusual features will be made Input is via the two opto couplers U201 and U202 shared with the floating section of the board
103. g guides or s using a comprehensive transducer simulation test box which apart from verifying specifications see TcpCO2 tcpO2 Channel in Chapter 2b can also simulate normal operation of both the 15204A 15205A transducers This is important in order to distinguish between transducer defects and parameter board defects For information on this simulation test box contact the nearest HP Service Office regarding price and availability Performance Assurance Checks 2a 11 IMPORTANT NOVRAM reprogramming The circuitry on the tcpCO2 tcpO2 parameter board 78834 66572 includes a NOVRAM used primarily to 1 store reference values derived from specific components on the parameter board s input amplifier circuitry These reference values are parameter board specific and are programmed as part of the factory parameter board final test procedure 2 to store operator configuration settings If component level repair is made on tcpCO2 tcpO2 input amplifier circuitry U501 U502 etc see schematic of parameter board or if the NOVRAM itself has to be replaced then NOVRAM reprogramming MUST be performed by HP Service in order to ensure accurate transcutaneous gas measurements Note Exchange boards are already programmed at the factory as in 1 above and do not require reprogramming by HP Service Only configuration settings t as in 2 above must be reprogrammed and this is only necessary if the default settings have been altered see follow
104. g in accordance with the published specifications Note All specification checks assume that the internal controls of the monitor are Mm adjusted as described under Adjustments VOLUME 2 In addition these checks verify proper operation of various circuits in the monitor and can be used w As part of the incoming inspection check of the monitor along with the performance assurance checks w Periodically if maximum reliability is desired w Before or after repairs or adjustments along with the performance assurance checks prior to returning the monitor to regular service Specification Checks Test Equipment See Table 2 1 ECG Channel Note During all ECG channel checks the monitor must be programmed to output the ECG wave at the rear panel jack see Volume 2 ECG Amplifier Input offset a Connect DVM to jack on rear panel b Set ECG channel to DIAGnostic mode c Connect patient cable to the ECG input and short all 3 inputs together Test Limit V lt 100 mV Input offset 78352A 3B 4A only a Adjust to Max Gain b Connect DVM to jack on rear panel Specification Checks 2b 1 c Set ECG channel to DIAGnostic mode d Connect patient cable to the ECG input and short all inputs together Test Limit V lt 300 mV 2b 2 Specification Checks Table 2b 1 Test Equipment Requirements for Specification Checks Required Recommended Minimum Characteristics Type Model Function HP 3310B Output Level 20V
105. ge 115 V 230 V 10 15 IEC USA 115 V 230 V 10 22 Japan 78352C 100 V 200 V 10 22 Japan Frequency 50 60 Hz Power consumption 75 W max 78352C 55 W max Environment Operating temperature 0 to 55 C 78352C 0 to 40 C Storage temperature amp 40 to 75 C amp 5 to 95 relative humidity Size 160 mm high 320 mm wide 405 mm deep Weight 11 kg 24 lbs Trends stored at power off condition for a minimum of 1 hour Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 1 Display Superaster video display Screen size 140 mm x 105 mm 178 mm diagonal Sweep speed 12 5 mm s 25 mm s or 50 mm s gives 8 s 4s or 2s of display respectively For respiration a speed of 6 25 mm s is also available Display mode fixed trace moving bar Waveform display height Channel 1 64mm 10 78352C 55mm 10 Numeric update time 258 Resolution 256 dots vertical 500 dots horizontal 500 dots horizontal ECG Channel Full lead ECG Amplifier Patient Safety Protected against defibrillator and electrosurgery potentials Standard full lead selector Differential input impedance 5 Mohm at 10 Hz and including patient cable at 10 Hz and including patient cable Common Mode Rejection Ratio FILTering 110 dB with Resp gt 106 dB e DIAGnostic 90 dB with Resp gt 84 dB at line frequency with patient cable and 51 kohm 47 nF imbalance Electrode offset potential 0 5 V max Baseline
106. he feedback voltage is higher or lower than the initial 1 2 fullscale first guess value On the basis of this output BO is fed back to the microprocessor U6 and the most significant bit of the 8 bit word is set High or Low The same then occurs for the next bit bit 2 and this continues unti 8 comparisons have been made The digital signal then present at the input of Ul and therefore at the input of U2 is equal to the digitized voltage value from output of U4 5 V 12 V and 12 V are also fed from the parameter board to the barometer via connector X1 A 4 Vref signal is fed from the mother board via the parameter board where it is required for A D conversion DAC U2 and generation of the transducer bridge voltage at U5A The barometric range is between 500 mmHg and 800 mmHg pressure which is equal to a signal output at U4 of between 0 04 mV and 38 71 mV 1 80 Theory Of Operation Blatt von alte Seite 1 55 hier einfugen Figure 1 25 Barometer Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 81 1 82 Theory Of Operation Oxygen Saturation Pleth SPO Board 78354 665 10 520 The Oxygen saturation pleth SpO2 parameter is based upon the principle of Pulseoximetry whereby arterial bloodflow through tissue is detected optically An adaptor holds two LEDs emitting red and infra red light respectively against one side of the patient s finger nose or toe Against the other side it holds a photodiode The device is able to register small ch
107. he following tests check that the keys and controls are fully operational These displays are typical and will depend on the monitor Option Typical Monitor Service Test Mode Displays 78352A C Display 78353A 3B 4A 4C Display FILTER 50 120 FILTER 50 120 H 100 i N N j N a 100 j P 120 0 u ALARMS SUSPENDED FOR 3 MIN 1 80 P 60 0 ALARMS OFF 0 e SERVICE TEST N NP P ty 0 SEAVICE TEST REPEAT 5 MIN T2 2500C ALARMS 5100 150 T1 40 0 C EEE EEE ee fea i T1 40 0 P1 S 100 150 Opt nol 4 Alarms Off Opt Nol 4 Alarms off Opt no2 Alarms suspended for 3 min Opt No2 Alarms suspended for 3 min 78832A 3A 3B 4A 4C display 78356A display FILTER 80 180 24125 ALARMS OFF AAAA e 10 ALARMS SUSPENDED FOR 3 MINI 60 P18 100 150 1 RR 62 0 40 21 SERVICE TEST 72 25 0 C 2 5 T1 400 APNEA gt 203 Performance Assurance Checks 2a 3 Display Intensity With the monitor in service test mode m Rotate the screwdriver intensity control on the side of the rear panel fully counter clockwise The display should be faintly visible m Rotate the intensity control fully clockwise The display should now be bright and well focussed The retrace should not be visible Figure 2a 2 Display Intensity m Check the automatic intensity control by covering the photo resistor for a few seconds The display should become less bright Figure 2a 4 Position of Photoresisto
108. he skin disappears Note The tcpCO gt transducer characteristics are dependent on the selected transducer temperature Therefore after this temperature is changed a full tg calibration must be performed Under the following clinical situations there is according to the present level of knowledge limited or no correlation between transcutaneous and arterial blood gas tensions Profound peripheral vascoconstriction Circulatory centralization shock Arterial occlusive diseases Arterio venous shunts e g Ductus arteriosus Edema of the skin e g Oedema neonatorum and other amomalies Hypothermia during surgery an A S A o S o tep Transducer Auto Cleaning The transducerAuto Cleaning feature is only available in conjunction with the 15204A transducer The measuring surface must be cleaned when air calibration is no longer possible indicated by the message ERROR POLISH SENSOR or after receiving persistant error messages during zero calibration The measuring surface can be cleaned electro chemically or manually Manual cleaning is only necessary when the electro chemical process is not available on the monitor or not able to restore the correct operation of the transducer e g in the case of severe deposits on the measuring surface For further information on this cleaning process consult transducer operating guide PN 15204 90001 Performance Assurance Checks 2a 29 SpO Channel Checks Test Mode 1 Set the SpO p
109. heory Of Operation Grounded Input Circuit Demodulator U11 provides the demodulated ECG signal From here the signal is routed to the bandpass filter U12 U14 which functions in conjunction with the FILTER DIAGnostic switching capability When the FILTER monitoring mode is selected the ECG signal is filtered giving a bandwidth of 0 5 Hz to 30 Hz Pace Pulse Rejection the demodulated signal is directed to the pace pulse hybrid circuit which detects pace pulses and transmits this information to uP via Latch U21 This signal is then transferred to the instrument s shared memory The notch filter removes AC line frequency artifacts and the results of AC line rectification from the waveform display during electrosurgery The notch filter is bypassed in the DIAGnostic mode After these two filter stages the ECG signal is A D converted via DAC 10 bit U16 and comparator U17 on the basis of successive approximation In operation the microprocessor first guesses a number then U16 converts this to an analog signal and U17 compares it with the input voltage The output of the comparator returns to the microprocessor for further processing Digital Circuits The A D converted ECG information is processed by the microprocessor U27 in the digital circuit and the results passed to the shared memory on the Display uP Board A2 The digital circuit also processes data from the shared memory Theory Of Operation 1 23 ECG Parameter Software
110. high C15 is discharged via a constant current source in the A D converter The output of the A D converter is a pulse width modulated signal where the pulse width is proportional to the input voltage A Initial conditions R30 CLAMPING 3V CE OV AMPLIFIER 1 5 2 ANALOG SWITCH Figure 1 20 Feedback Loop Operation Stage 1 B Patient impedence increases to 1 5 kohm 10 3 02V R30 soo1y CLAMPING 1 54 22 1092 pry EN ANALOG SWITCH Figure 1 21 Feedback Loop Operation Stage 2 C Summing point again at zero volts R30 3 02V OV 1 5482 1092 Figure 1 22 Feedback Loop Operation Stage 3 1 68 Theory Of Operation Test Signals Test signals T1 and T2 are applied to switch U2 bringing to ground one or both points across which the differential voltage is measured The combinations of test signals and functions are shown in Table 1 1 Table 1 1 Test Signals and Results 0 0 1000 0 1 500 1 0 NO FUNCTION 1 1 MEASURING Key 0 CMOS low level 1 CMOS high level Digital Circuits The A D converted respiration and INOP signals are processed by the microprocessor U13 in the digital circuits and the results are passed to the shared memory on the display microprocessor board A2 The digital circuits also process information from the shared memory for use in the respiration parameter board i Channel 1 of timer U16 is reset regularly during normal oper
111. hnical Specifications for all Monitors Delay time Indication High rate alarm Range Coincidence alarm Indication Pressure Channel Pressure amplifier Range Sensitivity Gain accuracy Gain stability Gain adjustment range Non linearity Bandwidth Auto zero Range Zero accuracy Zero drift Response time Pressure wave display Graticule lines 10 to 40 s adjustable in increments of 5 s APNEA message 000 flashes alarm lamps flash and audible alarm is given 50 to 170 rpm in steps of 5rpm in manual mode only activated if the interval between two detected QRS complexes equals the time between two breaths 12 5 HR RR message 25 mmHg to 300 mmHg 3 3 kPa to 40 kPa 5 uV V mmHg 37 5 uV V kPa or 40 uV V mmHg 300 uV V kPa selected automatically 1 0 1 mmHg C 0 013 kPa C 10 78834C 7 0 5 0 to 12 Hz 200 mmHg 26 kPa 1 0 mmHg 0 13 kPa 0 1 mmHg C 0 013 kPa C ls Normal 3 channel wave range 32 mm Overlapping wave 64 mm Graticule line labelling and resolution Range mmHg RO 45 10 90 Graticule line labelling Resolution mmHg cm lower upper 64mm 32mm 0 3 8 16 0 60 16 32 Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 53 20 180 0 120 32 64 25 270 0 180 48 96 Range kPa Graticule line labelling Resolution kPa cm lower upper 64mm 32mm 0 5 4 5 0 3 0 78 1 56 1 0 9 0 0 6
112. hows a further pressure drop 3 9 Specification Checks 2b 15 Press S S key for lt 1 s to advance to Mode 5 Mode 5 Overpressure mode The system pressurizes to approximately 300 mmHg at which point the overpressure valve should open and release the pressure The calibration cycle is now complete and display returns to Mode 0 Remember to close switch S2 for normal operation Reseting Modes At any time during the test modes the Monitor can be reset and return to Mode 0 by pressing the S S key for longer than during mode checks about 1 s Manometer Test Mode The overall operation of the NIBP parameter board and accuracy of the pressure transducer may be checked without the need to remove the top cover of the instrument or to change switch settings No adjustments are possible in this mode This test can be used to check the entire pressure range tolerances with an external manometer To do this test connect the instrument manometer and external pumping device as shown below eee Rubber bellows s AN ERRERA Pressure rrr m Or other un u 4 8 we a HIHI DEINEN a u e ROROA en OORS CHR Enter service test mode by switching off instrument for at least 20 s then pressing keys ML or and amp or simultaneously switch on the instrument but keeping the keys pressed until the three tones are heard The system can now be pressurized using the external pressurizing device If the NIBP parameter boa
113. iagram Theory Of Operation 1 17 Power Supply Board 78351 66506 5 V DC Supply In order to increase the efficiency of the analog dc power circuit 5 V two unregulated dc voltages 8 2 V and 6 V are provided The 6 V dc supply is connected to the sensing circuit if ever it falls below a threshold of 5 5 V the 8 2 V dc is connected instead and remains connected until the 6 V dc returns to a value higher than 5 5 V 8 2 V waes DC 6V uwec DC ar aot it 5 5 V reresnoco 5Voc I ae ee e a am to ovy ne Figure 1 8 Voltage Sensing and Regulation The unregulated 8 2 V dc is applied to transistor Q4 and the unregulated 6 V dc to transistor Q5 The unregulated 6 V is divided by R15 R16 and applied to sensing amplifier U6A The 4 V ref is applied to 1 1 amplifier U6B which alters the polarity of the signal to give a constant 4 V at the base of transistor Q7 If the unregulated 6 V is higher than the 5 5 V threshold CR12 conducts setting the output of U6A to 3 4 V Since the base potential of Q6 is now lower than that of Q7 Q7 is rendered conductive This causes driver transistor Q5 to conduct letting the 6 V pass to provide the 5 V If the unregulated 6V is lower than the 5 5 V threshold CR12 is reverse biased and CR11 conducts the output of U6A is now at 4 6V which means that the base potential of Q6 is higher than that of Q7 Q6 and Q4 are rendered conductive letting
114. ic 0 05 Hz to 100 Hz Amplitude 2 5 Vpp at 50 display a DC output HR Range average HR 15 bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V to 3 V Range beat beat HR 15 bpm to 240 bpm 0 15 V to 2 4 V Accuracy 5 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Respiration system output Wave Bandwidth 2 5 Hz Amplitude 2 5 V 50 display height DC output RR Range 5 resp min to 150 resp min 0 1 V to 3V Accuracy 3 resp min Pressure system output P1 only Wave scaled Range 5 V to 45 mmHg 0 3 V to 4 5 V Paes 10 V to 90 mmHg 0 3V to 4 5 V RER 20 V to 180 mmHg 0 3 V to 3 6 V ha axes 25 V to 270 mmHg TR 0 5 to 4 5 Kpa soaa 1 to 9 Kpa EEF 2 5 to 22 5 Kpa er 3 3 to 36 Kpa Accuracy 50 mV Bandwidth 0 Hz to 12 Hz DC output 30 to 300 mmHg 0 3 V to 3 V 50 mV Range S D M 4 to 40 Kpa 0 4 V to4 V 50 mV 70 25 V to 2 7V 0 5 V 0 4 5 V 0 5 V to 4 5 V 0 5 V to 4 5 V 70 33 V to 3 6 V Scaled wave on selectable channels for external recorder with offset of 2 V Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 47 Trend General One long trend 24 8 4 or 2 h and one short trend 60 or 20 or 2 mins available on ECG heart rate 2 min is beat to beat respiration wave and apnea events and pressure systolic diastolic and mean Points on trend curve are averaged values except respiration Alarms are shown as actual values Power off INOP and Alarms off are indicated ECG Channel Heart Rate Trend Range 50
115. ically removes deposits Floating Power Supply The floating power supply consists of an alternator on the non floating section of the parameter board T1 T2 Q1 Q2 T2 transforms the dc voltage from the non floating to the floating section of the Beard On the floating side 7 different dc voltages are eee 12 V 12 V LV LV 5 V 2 5 Vref and 1 Vref Digital Circuits The pulse width modulated signals received by the uP U6 are processed by the firmware EPROM U9 and the results are passed onto the monitors shared memory on the display uP board A2 U1 U2 and U3 are buffers for communication with the shared memory Clock The 16 MHz clock U12 and divider circuit U10 produce a 4 MHz clock frequency for the 6303 uP system and a 250 kHz frequency for driving the floating power supply circuit 1 76 Theory Of Operation Watchdog Circuit Watchdog circuit provides reset information to the uP if an error condition is present in the system for more than 400 ms EAROM The additional EAROM in the digital circuits is used to store offset voltages of the floating hardware Barometer Board Information The 8 bit data word from the Barometer board latch U1 on A73 is fed directly onto the data bus Bits BO feedback for successive approximately A D conversion on the barometer board and BI barometer board recognition are interfaced to the data bus via buffer U15 Trend capability The trend times and display update times are listed
116. ignal is generated at the output of the EPROM which causes the corresponding data to be latched in U4 U9 U12 and U15 Mutiplexer U14 selects either beat to beat heart rate for neonatal applications or average heart rate for adult applications programmed by switch setting Beat to beat Heart Rate In the case of beat to beat heart rate the information is latched into U12 The information is then subsequently moved to U13 and then converted into an analog output by D A converter U8 and opamp U7 Average Heart Rate Average heart rate information is presented in 9 bit format a lower and an upper byte When the lower byte arrives it is latched into U12 When the upper byte arrives bit 9 is latched into U15 and the lower byte is shifted into U13 so that the D A converter sees 9 bits at once These are then converted as described above Theory Of Operation 1 89 System Control Signals The system control signals are present in shared memory as a status byte Status byte recorder run high alarm on high alarm reset high not used high emergency alarm high patient alarm high INOP high The status byte is latched in U9 INOP alarm on off and reset are open collector outputs with Umax 30 V and Imax 30 mA No INOP open collector INOP 0 V Alarm off open collector Alarm on 0 V No alarm reset open collector Alarm reset 0 V ECG Wave The analog ECG wave comes to the system board from the mother b
117. illations of similar amplitude By checking two subsequent oscillations it is possible to reject artefact due to patient movement The baseline cuff pressure and oscillation magnitudes are stored in the memory and the cuff pressure is further decremented Subsequent oscillation magnitudes will show decreases until no significant oscillations are seen The microprocessor displays the arterial mean pressure together with the systolic and diastolic pressures The cuff is completely deflated and depending on the selected cycle time is inflated to when the next measurement is to be made Note There are still some oscillations present above and below the systolic and ya diastolic values Safety circuit If the cuff pressure exceeds 315mmHg 10 the safety circuit cuts in to release the pressure via the release valve and an error message is displayed The circuit is essentially a bellows which expands under pressure and trips a microswitch opening the release valve The block diagram below illustrates the general principle of the non invasive blood pressure Blatt von alte Seite 1 31 hier einf gen 1 36 Theory Of Operation NIBP Parameter Board 78352 66535 The NIBP parameter board is located on the extended mother board of the full module 78354A The board contains the pressure transducer release valve and all the circuitry necessary to operate the pressure pump and process the pressure signals A safety circuit prevents the cuff fr
118. in Figure 2b 10 b Rotate the potentiometer until is displayed in the respiration numerics field This should occur at 2 1 kOhm 15 Adult Respiration between LL and RA Neonate Respiration between LL and LA 2b 12 Specification Checks oman op 20K 17 RA 2K re AR j 10K 1 1 1 RL Figure 2b 10 Test Circuit for INOP check Respirotach range check Specification 0 to 170 rpm Connect instrument to test equipment as shown in Figure 2b 11 Set function generator to negative pulse dc offset negative Adjust level and offset level for negative 1 V pp signal Set frequency to 0 06 Hz respiration rate displayed should be 4 rpm Set frequency to 2 8 Hz respiration rate displayed should be 168 rpm FUNCTION GENERATOR OSCILLOSCOPE OQ Q A Figure 2b 11 Test Equipment for Respirotach Range Check Specification Checks 2b 13 NIBP Calibration and Adjustments The following procedure describes how to calibrate and make adjustments to the NIBP parameter board The procedure is the same for the 78352A C and 78354A C instruments but the displays are different 78352A C has more display space available The 78352A C displays are shown in italics to the left of the 78354A C displays First remove top cover of instrument to access switch block S1 on NIBP board On switch block 1 switch 2 should be in the open position in normal operation switch 2 should be in the closed position NIBP Diagram v
119. ing paragraphs NOVRAM reprogramming NOVRAM reprogramming as in 1 above The NOVRAM reprogramming procedure is relatively easy and requires a special NOVRAM calibration jig The individual parts with part numbers and wiring connection are shown below sensor recognition thermistor 1 thermistor 2 42 2k 1 tcpCO2 input 0698 3450 3x 1 2k 0 01 0699 1119 2x 2 253k 0 01 connector 0699 1120 1251 4115 Note The calibration jig is suitable for both tcpCOz and tcpOz circuits 2a 12 Performance Assurance Checks Proceed as follows switch instrument on normal operating mode m plug in the calibration jig m if the measured reference values are in the allowed range the pCO2 and pO numerics show the CAL message after 2 to 3 s if not the calibration jig or the parameter board is not functioning correctly m press pCO or pOz setup key and setup display should now show the CAL RUNNING message if a combined pCO and pOz setup key exists the display gives you a choice of which to select eg PO SETUP or PCO2 SETUP press either one Cal zco RUNNING Press and hold STOP softkey until the CAL message disappears and display changes to normal calibration entry setup a Data CAL in the case of tcpCO2 monitoring CAL The NOVRAM reprogramming 1 procedure is now complete NOVRAM reprogramming as in 2 above Configuration settings must also be reprogrammed since the NOVRAM also stores current opera
120. ion Preamplifier The preamplifier U8A converts the incoming signal current from the biased photoresistor detector to obtain the CO voltage signal U8B and U15 build a variable gain stage to generate enough dynamic range for the A to D conversion U15 is contolled by the microprocessor U13 Microcomputer U2 derives an auto zero AZ signal from the incoming motorphase During this zero signal the output of U8 will be integrated by U9 and output U9 controls the current source made up by Q8 Q9 and Q10 which in turn loads capacitor C6 to a voltage that gives the correct current 93 uA to the photoresistor detector This current source is supplied by 80 V derived by the circuit around T1 Analog to Digital Conversion The values of the four samples VR VH VS and VZ are measured by a dual slope integrating technique Comparator U11 detects the zero crossing of the integrating slopes This information is used by the internal timer of the microprocessor U13 to determine the relative value of the four samples This A D converter is also used to measure the analog O2 voltage from the O2 board by switching 2 and S3 of U16 Digital Circuits The digital part of the CO parameter board builds a uP system which consists of microprocessor U13 16K EPROM U28 2K RAM U26 NOVRAM U27 address decoder U25 input latch U23 and shared memory buffers U20 U21 and U22 The clock U32 counter U29 and the shift registers U30 and U31 are used to provide th
121. ironmental Operating temperature 0 C to 55 C Storage temperature 40 C to 75 C Relative humidity 5 to 95 Size 160 mm high 320 mm wide 405 mm deep Weight 11 kg 24 lbs Irends are stored at power off for a minimum of 1 hour Display Superaster video display Screen size 140 x 105 mm 178 mm diagonal Sweep speed 12 5 mm s 25 mm s or 50 mm s gives 8 s 4 s or 2 s of display respectively For respiration a speed of 6 25 mm s is also available Display mode fixed trace moving bar Waveform display height Channel 1 30 mm 10 Channel 2 normal 32 mm 10 Channel 3 mode 2c 42 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Numeric update time Resolution per waveform ECG Channel ECG Amplifier Patient Safety Channel 2 overlapping 64 mm 10 Channel 3 mode 2s 256 dots vertical 500 dots horizontal Protected against defibrillator and electrosurgery potentials Standard three lead selector Differential input impedance gt 1 Mohm at 10 Hz and including patient cable Common Mode Rejection Ratio a FiLTering 106 dB a DIAGnostic gt 86 dB at line frequency with patient cable and 51 kohm 47 nF imbalance Electrode offset potential Baseline recovery Noise Cardiotach 0 5 V max 2s after defibrillation lt 35 uVpp measured in the DIAGnostic mode and referred to the input with each lead connected to ground through shielded 51 kohm 47 nF Digital cardiotach beat to beat heart rat
122. is not possible to go on to Mode 2 unless zeroing has been done Mode 2 Gain adj The pump pressurizes the system to approximately 280 mmHg Note The system will first pressurize release to approximately 0 and then repressurize to approximately 280 mmHg 78352A C 78354A C S XYZ N XYZ X D X PO 2 PD 2 Adjust Gain pot R12 until display equals gauge pressure which is approx 280 0 Press S S key for lt 1 s to advance to Mode 3 Mode 3 Range check This Mode provides a linearity check of the pressure sensor and input circuit The pump pressurizes the pneumatic system to approximately 50 mmHg and the pressure displayed on the instrument should be checked against the gauge pressure reading Each time the S S key is pressed the pump steps up the pressure and the values on the display are again checked against the gauge pressure reading This operation is to be repeated in steps of approximately 50 mmHg upto approximately 250 mmHg Press S S key for lt 1 s to advance to Mode 4 Mode 4 Leakage mode System pressurizes to approximately 280 mmHg continues upwards from last step in Mode 3 Wait 60 s This is shown counting down on the display in the mode number field When the 60 s is up the field above the mode number field indicates the leakage rate e g 78352A C 78354A C S 3 N D 9 P T 4 ft 4 Which indicates a leakage rate of 3 9 mmHg 60 s Maximum leakage rate should not be gt 6 mmHg 60 s If you wait longer the display s
123. is reversed by the display enable signal Erase Bar Latch The erase bar latch U4A provides waveform blanking fading effect of erase bar by using Data DO information Wave Length Latch The wave length latch U3A is used to blank the wave after a defined number of raster lines have been displayed Start up Delay The start up delay U7 U3B drives MUX A decoder U9A U32 and MUX B decoder U2 and ensures that the wave is blanked until all four samples are stored for the next frame 1 14 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 11 hier einf gen Figure 1 6 Single Channel Interpolation Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 15 Three Channel Interpolation Board 78353 66503 The Interpolation Board 78353 66503 contains the control circuit for generating the video pulses for the waveform display The main functions of the Interpolation Board are listed below D A conversion Waveform smoothing Load Control Load Timing Video Pulse generation Ramp generation Ramp timing Erase bar latch O NDA A Ww NO The 783XX and 788XX monitor series use a vertical raster format of 720 vertical lines with a vertical raster frequency of 40 kHz and a frame frequency of 50 Hz To eliminate the quantization of sampled data the Interpolation Board uses a smoothing algorithm The smoothing algorithm interpolates four consecutive waveform samples and is carried out separately for each of the three channe
124. kPa 1 1 digit lt 0 1 per C 37 42 42 5 43 43 5 44 44 5 45 C 0 1 C 833 mW using transducers 15204A and 15205A 640 mW using transducers 15207A and 15208A 833 mW using transducers 15204A and 15205A 600 mW using transducers 15207A and 15209A 2 78834C 2 15204A 15205A 15209A 1 15207A To prevent overheating the heating power is switched off and an error message delay 30 s is generated under each of the following conditions a temperature greater than 46 C b temperature out of range c temperature sensor broken or shorted d microprocessor operation is interrupted Alarms Medical Alarms Audible and Visual High tcpO2 limit selectable from 20 to 300 mmHg 2 to 40 kPa Low tcpOsa limit selectable from 10 to 95 mmHg 1 to 9 5 kPa High tcpCO2 i limit selectable from 20 to 150 mmHg 2 to 20 kPa Low tcpCO limit selectable from 10 to 95 mmHg 1 to 9 5 kPa Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 55 Alarm Delay 8 s Technical Alarms Audible Transducer disconnected and Visual Site timer elapsed limit selectable from 1h to 7 hs in steps of 1 h Test Signal tcpO2 60 mmHg 8 0 kPa tcpC Oz 40 mmHg 5 3 kPa 780 Annotating Interface General Annotating output for HP annotating recorders Delayed outputs for respiration wave and instantaneous heart rate CRG Delay time 2 5 mins Parameter off condition 1V ECG system outputs Wave
125. kPa Diastolic 10 to 100 mmHg 1 5 to 13 kPa Mean 20 to 120 mmHg 2 5 to 16 kPa 5 mmHg 1 kPa steps 2 mmHg 0 5 kPa steps for 10 to 30 mmHg range maximum 165 mmHg 22 kPa The measurement of the blood pressure is based on the ocillometric method in which an inflated cuff around the patients limb partially occludes the artery The pulsitile arterial flow causes oscillations superimposed on the cuff pressure the amplitude of which can be analyzed to obtain the systolic diastolic and mean pressure values The procedure is microprocessor controlled Measurement Method The board offers an adult pediatric or neonatal mode The board also offers three methods of obtaining the non invasive blood pressure m Manual This method takes one measurement of systolic diastolic and mean on each request m Auto This method takes repeated blood pressure measurements of systolic diastolic and mean at specific user selected time intervals a STAT This method imediately takes repeated blood pressure measurements of systolic diastolic and mean over a period of five minutes This method uses a faster measurement procedure Related Literature e Hewlett Packard Application Note Systolic Pressure Monitoring A Comparison of the Oscillometric Auscultatory and Invasive Techniques 5954 2388 a The Direct and Indirect Measuring Of The Blood Pressure Geddas L A Chicago Year Book Medical Publishers 1970 104 5 1 42 Theory Of
126. lip flop U523B so the output goes low and the switch S is closed to reset the integrator The output Q of flip flop U509A is therefore the pulse width modulated signal a 20ms ze HEAT a SIGNAL Ma Gm aegeaX amp a a p w m a wees du amp Q tx lt ty gt The integrator output increases until the VA analog input voltage level has been reached and the integrator is reset S1 closed The output of comparator U509A is therefore the pulse Theory Of Operation 1 75 width modulated signal having widths tx ty and is proportional to the incoming analog voltages The 8 bit pulse width modulated signals corresponding to the 8 analog voltages at multiplexer U520 and a 9th synchronization pulse is transmitted serially and represents a measurement cycle every 180 ms Heat Pulse PIU LIU UU ULE cel I LI LILI LILI LI LIL Sync GND REF pCO2 902 Ti T2 Batt Sensor Each pulse width signal is proportional to the input signals to multiplexer U520 The pulse width modulated signals are then measured and the resulting information is processed by uP U6 Repolarization The 15204A tcpO2 transducer can be electrically cleaned by repolarization The uP U6 initiates via softkey a repolarization signal which is routed from the non floating to floating circuit of the parameter board through relay K1 The repolarization signal reverses the polarization voltage applied to the 15204A tcpOz sensor s cathode and electr
127. llows Function Generator m Frequency 10 Hz a Function Sine Wave e Output Level 5 V p p measure with the oscilloscope at the output of the Function Generator while the Function Generator is connected to the 1000 1 divider circuit Then reconnect the oscilloscope as shown in Figure 2b 1 Test Limit The signal amplitude on oscilloscope should be between 4 2 V and 5 8 V p p System Board Loaded Option J10 or J11 m using the same test setup adjust the output of the function generator to 1 V pp m adjust for maximum size of the displayed ECG wave on the monitor Test Limit The signal amplitude on the oscilloscope should be between 2 4 V and 3 9 V 783XX Series 14307B 14467A PATIENT CABLE 788XX Series 14337A 14338A PATIENT CABLE TEST CIRCUIT u en REAR PANEL PHONE JACK OSCILLOSCOPE nu GND FUNCTION GENERATOR ECG OUT P N 10501A Figure 2b 1 ECG Amplifier Gain Frequency Response Test Set up 2b 4 Specification Checks Gain Check 78352A C 3B 4A C only m Variable gain of 320 to 3200 m Select Max Gain m Press ECG SIZE several seconds until signal is Max Trigger Sensitivity Check m Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 2b 2 m Set output level of function generator to 0 25 V pp heart rate should be displayed and flash light is visible u Test Limit Trigger should occur at 0 250 V TEST CIRCUIT Ext 33108 TRIGGER IN 783XX Series
128. ls Depending on the relative values of the four samples the intensity of the CRT beam is modulated to produce a continuous waveform with a constant line width The waveform is stored in digital form in the wave RAM U14 It is converted in DAC 1 2 or 3 into an analog voltage in order to perform the smoothing algorithm The smoothing algorithm uses four waveform samples In the Hybrid circuits the dc levels of the four waveform samples are compared with the output signals of the ramp generators resulting in a series of pulses The output combinational logic within the video intensity logic circuits logically combines these pulses so as to produce four digital outputs corresponding to four levels of CRT beam intensity These video pulses are transferred to the video circuits on the mother board to the Z axis amplifier Data input and output from the DAC stage is controlled by the load control circuit which also supplies a waveform blanking signal for each channel to the erase bar latch The load timing circuit controls the timing and sequence of signals into and out of the Hybrid circuits The load timing circuit also provides a wave blanking signal to blank all waves direct to the video intensity logic circuits The erase bar latch provides selective waveform blanking fading effect of erase bar 1 16 Theory Of Operation Blatt von alte Seite 1 13 verkleinern and horizontal hier einf gen Figure 1 7 Interpolation Board Block D
129. mpty cylinder c Take a full gas cylinder of the appropriate type CAL 1 or CAL 2 and insert it squarely into the rear of the unit Turn clockwise until hand tight d Check that the pressure indicator is no longer in the black zone Care and Cleaning Keep the surfaces of the calibration unit clean and free of dust and dirt Clean regularly with a lint free cloth or sponge dampened in soapy water Avoid using alcohol or ammonia based cleaners which may damage the Calibration Unit Other strong cleaners such as Povidine RR Lysol R and Mikroklene R are not recommended since they may stain the unit Do not pour any liquid on the instrument while cleaning Never use an abrasive material such as steel wool or metal polish Cleaning agents and disinfectants should only be used in cases of stubborn dirt If used carefully remove any remaining traces of cleaning agent or disinfectant with clean water Note Do not allow water to enter the calibration chamber y To clean the calibration chamber use cotton wool soaked in soapy water to remove any deposits which may collect in the bottom of the chamber Dry the chamber thoroughly after cleaning In the case of severe blockages a thin length of wire may be used to free the outlet pipe 2a 18 Performance Assurance Checks Theory of Operation AS CYLINDER __ GAS CYLINDERS CONTROL Restriction STON Pelaio REGULATOR BLOCK 2 REGUL
130. mulated test waveform and numerics 100 bpm 2 waveform 1 5 cm pp m Calibration signal 1 mV 10 Trend Mode In trend mode an averaged heart rate is displayed instead of the ECG waveform e Range 50 to 210 bpm Resolution 1 bpm In all trend modes actual high or low HR alarms are shown as peaks of the appropriate height Plethysmograph Channel Pleth amplifier Bandwidth 0 8 11 0 Hz 425 Settling time lt 3s Cardiotach Range 15 300 bpm Accuracy 1 Resolution 1 bpm Trigger sensitivity 5 mm pp 32 mm display 10 mm pp 64 mm display Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 11 Graticule lines Lower line 25 of wave channel Upper line 75 of wave channel Autofix 50 of wave channel peak values on Pleth graticule lines Gain frozen after approx 60 s Test Pleth test signal 50 of wave channel 100 bpm Alarms Medical Alarm Heart Rate derived from PLETH Alarm delay High rate 10 s Low rate 6 s Pressure Channel Pressure amplifier Range 30 mmHg to 300 mmHg 4kPa to 40 kPa Sensitivity Automatic 5 uV V mmHg 37 5 uV V kPa Manual 40 uV V mmHg 300 uV V kPa Storage cycles of sensitivity values 1000 cycles Gain accuracy 1 Gain stability 0 1 mmHg C 0 013 kPa C Non linearity 0 5 Bandwidth 12 Hz Minimum transducer load 120 Ohm Auto zero Range 200 mmHg 26 kPa Zero accuracy 1 0 mmHg 0 13 kPa Zero drift 0 1 mmHg C 0 013 k
131. n arterial pressure MAP systolic and diastolic pressure Cuff pressure range Inflation time Deflation time Cuff pressure accuracy 0 to 280 mmHg 37 kPa automatically released if pressure exceeds 315 10 mmHg 42 1 5 kPa 6 to 10 s to 280 mmHg typical using standard adult cuff 30 to 35 s typical Better than 3 mmHg 0 4 kPa for ambient temperature 15 C to 25 C Better than 3 mmHg 0 6 of reading for ambient temperature 10 to 35 C 2c 4 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Better than 3 mmHg 1 7 of reading for ambient temperature 0 to 55 C Add rounding error of 1 2 digit 0 5 mmHg of 0 05 kPa to above accuracies Measurement Range Systolic 30 to 270 mmHg 4 to 36 kPa Diastolic 10 to 245 mmHg 1 3 to 32 kPa MAP 20 to 255 mmHg 2 6 to 34 kPa Note Measurements are only possible in the heart range 40 to 220 bpm y Modes Auto Measurements are automatically repeated with a time interval set by the user 2 5 10 15 30 and 60 min Manual m A single measurement is taken Statim m If fitted A series of ten measurement cycles are taken over a five minute period Only one QRS complex causing a pressure oscillation in the cuff is sensed at each inflation level Alarms High and low pressure Alarm Limit Adjustment 78352C s 5mmHg 1kPa steps a 2mmHg 0 5kPa steps range 10 30 mmHg 1 5 4 kPa Temperature Channel Range 15 C to 45 C R
132. n diagnostic and monitoring modes and also the CRT display bandpass b C Connect test equipment as shown in Figure 2b 1 Switch to DIAGnostic mode and set Lead Selector to I Set Function Generator to 10 Hz sinewave with an output level of approximately 0 8 V pp and connect to A on Test circuit Adjust Function Generator to give external scope amplitude of 8 cm at sensitivity of 0 2 V cm Set Function Generator to 0 5 Hz and measure the amplitude on the external scope Test Limit Amplitude on Scope gt 5 66 cm 3 dB down Set Function Generator to 100 Hz and measure amplitude on external prone Test Limit Same test limit as described in e Select FILTER mode Set Function Generator to 10 Hz and adjust manually for an amplitude of 8 cm on external scope sensitivity 0 2 V cm Set Function Generator to 0 5 Hz and measure amplitude on external scope j Set Function Generator to 10 Hz then measure the amplitude on monitor CRT Set Function Generator to 0 5 Hz and 30 Hz The amplitude decrease should not be more than 3 dB 78352A C 3B 4A C two modes w ICU Mode 100 Hz 3 dB m OR Mode 30 Hz 3 dB Notch Filter 2b 8 Specification Checks Notch Filter Test a Connect equipment as shown in Figure 2b 1 and apply power to each instrument b Set Function Generator output for a 10 V pp 10 Hz sine wave across test circuit points A and C and adjust ECG amplitude until Oscilloscope displ
133. nfiguration is passed via the display microprocessor and stored in the shared memory where it is accessed by the parameter board for appropriate action When the parameter board reports back that the action has been carried out the data is passed to the Display Board microprocessor which initiates the appropriate display Theory Of Operation 1 1 Shared Memory and Data Transfer General Data transfer in the 783XX series the 788XX series and the 78356A is carried out via a common memory area to which all function blocks have access This common memory is the Shared Memory chip U40 on A2 Display uP board The local bus systems are separated from the main shared memory bus by tri state buffers Power Fail In the event of power fail the configuration of the instrument at the time of power fail is held in the shared memory for 15 seconds Time Slices In order to prevent collisions in the main bus each function block is assigned a defined 2 ms time slice within the 20 ms CRT frame period In this time slice it has sole right of access to the shared memory ee 20ms OO LINE COUNTER START i l l TIME tirrr n er SLICE P 21312 1515 Ieje SYSTEM INTERFACE DISPLAY PARAMETER IN SLOT Figure 1 1 Allocation of Function Blocks to Time Slices 1 2 Theory Of Operation Blatt von alte Seite 1 3 hier horizontal einf gen Figure 1 2 Shared Memory System Theory Of Operation 1 3 1 4 Theory Of Operation Mothe
134. ng trend 24 8 4 or 2 h and one short trend 60 or 20 or 2 mins available on ECG heart rate 2 min is beat to beat respiration wave and apnea events Points on trend curve are averaged values except respiration Alarms are shown as actual values Power off INOP and Alarms off are indicated ECG Channel Heart Rate Trend Range 50 to 210 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Display points per trend 384 468 for 2 min trend curve 2c 40 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Respiration Channel Length of apnea event s in seconds displayed as a vertical bar Maximum height of bar 60 s to 360 s dependent on selected trend time Resolution of bar ls Number of bars per display 192 Wave 2 min trend only 468 Display points per trend curve Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 41 Technical Specifications 78833A This section contains the technical specifications for the 78833A The general instrument specifications are followed by those for the individual parameters General Patient safety a All inputs are CF type m Option N01 meets safety requirements of CSA C22 2 No 125 m Option N02 meets safety requirements of IEC 601 1 u Option N04 meets safety requirements o UL 544 a Defibrillator protection up to 5 kV Defibrillator protection up to 5 kV Power Requirements Operating voltage 115 V 230 V 10 15 USA IEC 115 V 230 V 10 22 Japan Frequency 50 60 Hz Power consumption 40 W Env
135. non inverting input of U12B When the motor is switched on the inrush current is limited to about 700 mA When the motor is running the current is reduced to between 300 and 400 mA depending on the load Diode CR9 CR2 protects the transistors from the back emf generated when the motor is switched off Theory Of Operation 1 45 The Digital Board Hardware Description The Digital Board is based around one microprocessor an 80C88 U250 This processing power is needed to generate an NIBP reading The 80C88 processes the signals from the analog board and runs the NIBP algorithm Application software is stored on the 128 k x 8 EPROM U320 and the 32 k x 8 RAM U360 The address decoder U330 generates the chip select signals for the DAC U210 and the latches U100 U310 U340 U400 U410 A Watchdog ASIC U240 supervises the processor If either the time interval is too long or the data bits are wrong the ASIC sends a reset signal to restart the microprocessor 1 46 Theory Of Operation Bitte Faltblatt von alter Seite 2 50a VOLUME 2 hier einf gen Figure 1 14 Non Invasive Blood Pressure Board Block Diagram 78352 66538 Theory Of Operation 1 47 a a bos sab 1 48 Theory Of Operation Partial CO Pressure Board 78354 66540 and 78356 66540 General Principle of Operation The concentration of carbon dioxide CO2 is measured directly and continuously from the patient s expired gases Light arriving from an infra re
136. nput amplifier U1 This amplifier has a proportional gain of X1 or X8 for 40 uV or 5 uV transducers respectively When a 5 uV transducer is used pins 5 of the front panel connector are shorted together causing a light emitting diode to conduct activating a light sensitive transistor U17 This transistor conduct switching FET Q7 on With Q7 conducting R1 is connected to ground thus increasing the gain of the amplifier U1 by a factor of 8 After amplification the signal is filtered U2 before demodulation The synchronous demodulator U2 U3 rectifies the signal using an operational amplifier which has alternately an inverting gain and non inverting gain The excitation voltage signal is used to switch the amplifier between inverting gain and non inverting gain A 12 Hz low pass filter U7 then removes the excitation frequency to leave the dc pressure signal This signal goes via amplifier U19A to the system output and also via the selector switch U12 to the analog to digital A D conversion stage Analog to Digital Conversion The analog to digital conversion uses a DAC U14 and comparator U13 in a method based on successive approximations In this method the microprocessor supplies a number then U14 converts this to an analog signal and U13 compares it with the input voltage The output of the comparator returns to the microprocessor for further processing 1 30 Theory Of Operation Transducer Disconnected Detection If the tran
137. nt pages to be merged into the manual by the customer The dates on the title page change only when a new edition or a new update is published Preface This manual covers the following models es MODELS 78352A 78352C 78353A 78353B 78354A 78354C PATIENT MONITORS a MODELS 78832A 78833A 78833B 78834A 78834C NEONATAL MONITORS a MODEL 78356A GAS MONITOR The contents of this manual Volume One apply to HP Models 78352A C 78353A 78353B 78354A and 78354C series 78832A 78833A 78833B 78834A C series and 78356A with the following serial numbers prefixed MODELS PREFIX MODEL PREFIX 2640G 78832A 2412G First Issue 78833A 2413G 2348G 78833B 2610G 2612G 78834A 2611G 2613G 78834C First Issue First Issue 2717G Instruments with higher serial numbers may contain production changes In such cases refer to the Manual Change sheets and Publication Change Notices enclosed with this manual Hewlett Packard reserves the right to make changes in its products without notice in order to improve design or performance characteristics Hewlett Packard products are sold on the basis of the specifications valid on the day of purchase Hewlett Packard is not obliged to update instruments which have already been retailed CONTENTS OVERVIEW This manual contains service information for the Hewlett Packard 78352 3 4 78832 3 4 and 78356A monitors The information is divided into two sections m Chapter 1 Theory of Operation ws Chap
138. oard U5 and associated components switch the gain of this wave in such a way that the analog wave appearing at the output of U6 is approximately the same size as the display wave The gain factor is also present in shared memory and is latched by U4 Respiration Wave In units with respiration parameter it is possible by changing the switch settings to have the respiration wave at the output instead of the ECG wave This signal requires no further processing and passes via buffer amplifier U6B to the output 1 90 Theory Of Operation Blatt von alte Seite 1 61 verkleinern und horizontal hier einftigen Figure 1 27 780 System Board Non Annotating Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 91 780 Interface Board Annotating 78353 66592 The system board takes parameter and alarm information from the shared memory and processes this information to provide output signals at the system output connector Digital Circuits Parameter and alarm information in digital form from the shared memory is processed by the microprocessor U1 in the digital circuits before D A conversion U25 U28 The watchdog timer U17 U19 consists of a counter which has a 20 ms input and is reset regularly during normal operation by a pulse from the microprocessor When the microprocessor is not working correctly the pulse does not occur and the counter is not reset In this case the output of the counter overflows via gate U19 to cause a hard reset to the microprocess
139. ock Left 15210 67202 Regulalor Block Right 15210 67203 Flow Regulator Restriction 15210 23701 Sa Figure 2a 18 Replaceable Parts for 15210A Replaceable Parts for the 15210A Flat sealing ring to seal gas bottle 15210 47101 15210 47107 15210 47106 15210 62401 15210 67701 15210 67202 15210 67203 15210 23701 0905 0678 15210 27401 0515 0777 15210 04101 15210 04102 15210 24702 15210 68703 Sealing ring Membrane foil Clock Valve control block Regulator block left Regulator block right Flow regulator restriction 8mm ring between valve control block and regulator block Timer control knob Screw M6x8 for timer control knob Cover bottom Cover top Spacer hexagonal nut for mounting regulator block Set of restrictions for adjusting gas flow Performance Assurance Checks 2a 25 Transducer Troubleshooting tcpOz transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen and tcpCO transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen monitoring is a very application intensive procedure requiring the operator to maintain and correctly calibrate the transducers to avoid measurement problems The physiological correlation between blood gas analysis derived partial O2 and CO values and transcutaneous partial O2 and CQ Ineasuremenis must also be considered before suspecting a transducer or instrument malfunction The general troubleshooting gui
140. odic check they should be scheduled to cover monitors that are not in use i e at unoccupied beds For safety tests a safety tester should be used For ease of use and efficiency the RIGEL Safety tester Model 233 is recommended Figure 2a 1 For safety test procedure see operating instructions of Model used tut row n l RIGEL oi 6 207 4 O 0 id 0 mi s bd cap omens T v I pent iganta e uy 5 en ga oa a ee A a Ath Hd nalra mE Byd Bet erie ae rn OO Obi Bs Ehren iga Stent PRG N ae Figure 2a 1 Rigel Safety Tester Performance Assurance Checks 2a 1 Note If a patient cable is used additional leakage current will be introduced because of the cable s capacitance to ground The maximum acceptable u leakage current measured at the end of the patient cable is 20 uA while the specification at the instrument is 10 uA However the placement of the patient cable totally adjacent to a ground plane will increase the capacitance to ground during the test procedure and may increase the leakage current beyond the maximum test limit Since this capacitance to ground is difficult to control the test should be performed without a patient cable Test equipment For the performance assurance checks the internal test function is used The following test equipment is required m Patient simulator recommended Neurodyne Dempsey Model 211A US Model 212A Europe ws Temperature probe o
141. ol of the focus and black level is obtained by dividing the supply down with resistor chains Both of these chains have potentiometers in them so that adjustments can be made R38 for focus and R55 for black level Power On Reset A power on reset signal is generated from the 5 V supply via U10A B and associated components It is used to reset all CPUs in the instrument 5 V Buffering The power on reset signal and 5 V are applied to transistors Q11 and Q10 respectively to generate the buffered 5 V for use on the Display uP Board A2 This is used in the event of power fail to save stored data for approximately 15 s Extender Board The extender board 78354 66504 in the full modules 78354A C and 78834A C the instrument is connected to the mother board with ribbon cables and supports additional parameters 1 6 Theory Of Operation Blatt von alte Seite 1 5 hier einf gen Figure 1 3 Mother Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 7 Display uP Boards 78353 66502 16K byte 78354 66502 40K byte 78354 66602 and 78354 66702 48K byte The Display uP Board is the heart of the instrument It contains the following functions Shared memory Character generation numerics Slow fast sync signal generation Clock generation 20 ms and 2 ms interrupt signal generation Alarm trigger generation Power fail circuit Keyboard handling The shared memory and data transfer are already described in Shared
142. om overpressurizing and is also mounted on the parameter board Pressure Transducer The pressure transducer is of the piezo resistive type and supplied with 10V dc from amplifier U1 Pressure applied to the transducer causes a change in resistance and the output signal ranges between 0 70 mV Amplification and Filtering The pressure transducer s output signal is amplified by 76 152 at U3 Cut off frequency at U3 is 100 Hz The amplified signal is sent to switch U8 directly and via the band pass filter network The signal arriving directly at U8 contains information on cuff pressure baseline cuff pressure and oscillation pressure but the signal arriving from the band pass filter network contains only oscillation pressure information The band pass filter network comprises of a 2nd order LP filter fc 10 Hz and a 1st order filter fc 1 Hz The switch in the filter network from U13 latch is included to obtain a fast decrease time for improved oscillation pressure detection Switch U8 switches alternately at a rate determined by software depending on the presence of oscillations Analog to Digital Conversion The analog to digital conversion uses a 12 bit DAC and comparator U5 amp U6 The method used is successive approximation under the control of the uP In order to suppress noise the supply to the DAC includes the accurate 8 V from the reference supply U7 The uP loads a value into the DAC which is compared to the voltage to
143. on alte Seite 2 31 hier einf gen Connect a pressure gauge 0 320 mmHg to the parameter input socket of the monitor via tubing used to connect a cuff to the monitor Recommended pressure gauge kit can be ordered under 78354AK 888 If any other mercury manometer is used an expansion container volume 250 ml 10 must be connected to the pressure circuit to simulate the cuff air volume connecting material can be ordered under part number 78354 67001 It should be noted that a mercury manometer is not as accurate as the recommended pressure gauge and if the manometer tolerance is gt 1 mmHg calibration cannot be done within HP specifications Switch on instrument and the following information will appear on the screen where the blood pressure values normally appear 78352A C 78354A C S 0 N D 0 P 0 I 0 The bottom numbers indicate the current Mode of calibration and can be 0 5 If 0 is displayed the monitor is in Mode 0 which has no function 2b 14 Specification Checks Press Start Stop S S key for lt 1 s to advance to Mode 1 Mode 1 Offset adj 78352A C 78354A C S 0 N 0 6 D 6 Pt 1 D 1 Adjust the Offset pot R3 until the displayed value equals zero i e 0 on 78352A C or 0 0 on 78354A C The symbol represents a decimal point on the 78354A C and the numbers opposite S amp D on the 78352A C mean 0 6 in this example both displays are reading 0 6 mmHg Press S S key for lt 1 s to advance to Mode 2 Note It
144. or The program checks this condition and then begins a warmstart to recover from the failure Analog Circuits In the analog circuits the parameter signals except ECG 60 Hz and temperature are transferred via a multiplexer U41 to a row of sample and hold filters The temperature and ECG 60 Hz go directly to two separate high resolution sample and hold filters are then routed to the system output connector The alarm signal information alarm on off INOP patient alarm is transferred to the analog circuits via latch U12 The signals are filtered in the alarm interface circuits and then routed to the system output connector The system output configurations are shown in Table 1 2 System Board Software The system 780 board software contains the following modules m Self test m Offset correction value storage a Output configuration storage m Signal processing 1 92 Theory Of Operation Table 1 2 System Output Configurations Configurations 0 6 ECG wave analog pleth wave encoded pleth wave encoded pleth wave tcpO2 deselect deselect signal gnd recorder encoded recorder encoded recorder tcpCO gt data alarm data alarm data heart rate average INOP reset patient alarm temp 1 er ee MEME a Sl BSR resp rate 12 recorder encoded recorder encoded recorder Temp 2 return INOP return INOP return scaled absolute scaled absolute scaled tcpCO2 ECG wave pressure 2 pressure 2 pressu
145. orm displayed with graticule lines in channel 2 height 32 mm or over channels 2 and 3 height 64 mm End Tidal CO Numerical Display Range 1 to 150 mmHg 0 to 20 kPa Instrument accuracy 2 mmHg 0 29 kPa 1 2 LSD CO2 0 to 40 mmHg 5 34 kPa 5 5 1 2 LSD CO 40 mmHg 5 34 kPa Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 27 to 100 mmHg 13 3 kPa LSD Least Significant Digit Respiration Rate Numerical Display Range 0 to 150 rpm Instrument Accuracy 2 rpm Alarms Medical Alarms audible and CO WAVE Inspired Minimum visual Indicated when minimum value of CO wave lies above 4 mmHg 0 53 kPa End Tidal CO 1 High CO Limit selectable from 20 to 100 mmHg 2 to 14 kPa 2 Low CO Limit selectable from 10 to 95 mmHg 1 to 13 kPa Alarm Delay 15s Respiration Rate High respiration rate Alarm delay 10 s Apnea alarm no change in instananeous CO value Alarm delay selectable from 10 to 40 s Technical Alarms audible Transducer disconnected and visual Test Signal 0 40 mmHg 0 6 kPa square wave at 25 rpm 50 duty cycle Graticule Line Labelling and Resolution Range mmHg Graticule Line Labeling Resolution mmHg cm Lower Upper 32 mm scale 64 mm scale O to 60 0 40 20 8 10 4 O to 90 O 60 31 2 15 6 Range kPa Resolution kPa cm Lower Upper 32 mm scale 64 mm scale O to 9 0 6 3 12 1 56 O to 13 5 0 9 4 69 2 34 2c 28 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Temperature
146. procedure C lt _____ _ _ B 270N E SWITCH 3101 1075 INPUT SEXCITATION D gt A Figure 2a 9 Resistive Simulator for 0 and 200mmgh 2a 8 Performance Assurance Checks Note When two pressure boards 1 x PRESS and 2 x PRESS are loaded in u 78354A they should be in the positions shown below Slot JEISAA B A Pi P1 P2 A21 A24 P2IP3 Pi A22 front panel P3 po P4 CO and O Calibration and Adjustments The following procedure describes how to calibrate and make adjustments to the CO and Oz parameter boards Calibration adjustments are necessary when the following conditions apply New installation m set correct altitude to allow for variations in atmospheric pressure for CO only Replacing CO2 board m set correct altitude w set Calstik value m perform Os zero Replacing O2 board u O zero calibration O Zero Calibration l Press First enter service test mode by switching off instrument for at least 20s then pressing softkeys M or and or simultaneously switch on the instrument but keeping the keys pressed until the three tones are heard 2 Plug in short circuit plug PN 78354AK 890 or 78354 47601 3 Press O2 setup key and display will change 5 Press ALARMS key until Al is indicated on display Press and hold key normally gt 5s labelled or until display changes to key for about 1s This completes the O2 z
147. r T1 In the grounded section the transformer forms part of a bridge network to which a 62 5 kHz sinusoidal signal is applied This signal is derived from a 1 MHz square wave which is first divided U1 and then filtered to give an approximate sine shape at 62 5 kHz The changing voltage across the bridge which is proportional to the changing impedance across the electrodes is input to the differential voltage amplifier Q2 3 4 5 The differential signal is then rectified using a synchronous demodulator U4 The output signal from the demodulator is integrated U5 and filtered to remove the excitation frequency and give a dc respiration signal INOP Detection This respiration signal is applied to a clamping amplifier U10 to limit the voltage to the 0 2 V range necessary for the analog to digital A D converter Together with a voltage derived from the input of the synchronous demodulator this absolute value of the respiration signal is used to check whether an INOP condition exists patient impedance gt 2 kohms or patient cable disconnected Respiration Wave Signal Circuits The dc respiration signal is also applied to the summing point R30 R31 Amplifiers U9 and U6 form a feedback compensation loop and when the analog switch Q7 8 9 is closed the feedback loop works to bring the summing point to zero When the analog switch is open the voltage at the output of the integrator U6 is fixed The clamping amplifier U11 has
148. r Board 78353 66501 and 78354 66501 The Mother Board contains the video circuits for the display and the interconnections between the boards which are slotted into the respective connectors on the board The main functions of the Mother Board are listed below Interconnection of boards slotted into the mother board Video amplifier Horizontal deflection circuits slow sweep driver Vertical deflection circuits fast sweep driver High voltage circuits Power on reset 5 V buffering NJ Ooh WN The monitor display is a raster scanned CRT It utilizes magnetic deflection and is refreshed at a rate of 50 Hz The CRT displays 720 vertical lines and operates at a vertical sweep frequency of 40 kHz The Display uP Board supplies the horizontal sync signal SLOW SYNC the vertical sync signal FAST SYNC and the video drive signals to the Mother Board Video Amplifier Four waveform video inputs 4 4 3 4 2 4 1 4 and two numerics inputs VIDEO NUM VIDEO NUM INVERSE are applied to the video amplifier circuits U2 U3 The waveform and the numerics signals are applied to the CRT alternately The positive 70 V supply for the video amplifier is taken from the high voltage circuits It is fed directly to the cathode voltage regulator circuit which also contains the black level adjust capability The basic trace intensity is dependent on the signal from the front panel photo resistor and the setting of the brightness potentiom
149. r Monitor in C series monitors Checks in ECG Setup Mode With the monitor in test mode press the ECG setup key to display the ECG Setup 1 softkey labels Now check the following functions ECG Gain Press the T and keys repeatedly to check the maximum and minimum gain respectively a Maximum gain of ECG trace 30 mm mV Minimum gain of ECG trace 3 mm mV 2a 4 Performance Assurance Checks Filter Diagnostic Mode Check 1 Check that the top of the pulse of the ECG test waveform slopes as shown on the right FILTER mode 2 Press the softkey labelled FILTER to select DIAG nostic mode 3 Check that the top of the pulse is approximately horizontal squarewave and that there is a definite difference from the FILTER mode pulse Filter Diagnostic pulse shapes Performance Assurance Checks 2a 5 Alarms a Press XX or key to turn alarm capability on only necessary if ALARMS OFF or ALARMS OFF FOR 3 MIN message is displayed b Press the ALARMS key to access the ECG alarm setup c Decrease the upper alarm limit using HIGH _ key to 95 bpm in 783XX series to 120 bpm in 788XX series After 10 s an audible alarm should sound and the numerics should flash alternately in normal and inverse display The alarm lamps should also flash alternately in 788XX series d Press the amp or key to silence the alarm The numerics should now be displayed in inverse display and the alarm lamps stop flashing in the 78
150. r can be detected The transducers use a bridge circuit to measure the pressure of the cuff Two amplifiers U1 U2 or U4 U5 supply the bridge excitation voltage of 5 V U1 and 5 V U2 The excitation voltage is symmetrical so that a single ended output is generated for A D conversion The voltage on the voltage divider R6 R7 8 is 1 875 V at zero pressure with no offset The amplifier U2 adjusts the supply voltage for the transducer so that the voltage on the output pin 4 sensor output is equal to the offset voltage from R38 R39 5 mV The other output of the transducer pin 2 is amplified by U3 which has a gain of 111 Oscillation Channel An oscillation channel filters and amplifies the oscillations superimposed on the static cuff pressure The signal first passes through a low pass filter U7B with R25 R26 C23 C24 with a cutoff frequency of 3 5 Hz The dc voltage is removed by two software controlled high pass filters C25 R27 and C27 R34 with a cutoff frequency of 0 4 Hz The recovered oscillation signal is amplified by U7A and output to the multiplexer U9 Transistor Q1 increases the gain of U7A for neonatal blood pressure monitoring Increased gain is needed when measuring neonatal blood pressure because of the smaller oscillations Switches U8A and U8C switch the time constant of the high pass filter to achieve rapid baseline recovery each time the cuff is deflated This is required because each time the deflation valve
151. r resistor Pressure simulation box Figure 2a 9 or pressure gauge 14303A m Respiration simulation boxes Figure 2b 10 and Figure 2b 11 General checks 1 Check power cord and power plug for good mechanical condition 2 Clean CRT and key panel see operating guide for cleaning 3 Open top cover Inspect all internal cables and connections and circuit board insertion into mother board Look for evidence of overheated or damaged components or any other suspicious symptoms 4 Disconnect all signal inputs to the monitor 5 Apply power to the monitor checking for smooth operation of the on off switch 6 Close top cover Monitor Service Test Mode Most of the performance assurance checks are done using the internal test function To enter service test mode first leave monitor switched off for 20 s then press keys labelled amp or and M or simultaneously and keeping them pressed switch the monitor on As soon as the monitor is switched on the automatic self test routine begins For a detailed explanation of the error messages which may appear at this point refer to Volume 2 of the manual Chapter I When the test is successfully completed three tones sound one after the other QRS tone alarm tone and leads off tone 2a 2 Performance Assurance Checks The screen display should be as shown below Note Y If the self test is successfully completed and the display is as shown the software is working correctly T
152. racy 3 mmHg 0 3 kPa Speed selection 6 25 mm s SpO Pleth SpOz is measured using a dual wavelength optical transducer It measures pulse and SpQg Range 0 to 100 saturation Numeric display Averaging period selectable 1 2 4 8 16 beats with default 4 Settling time lt 5s typical Accuracy 1SD 80 to 100 1 5 65 to 80 2 5 0 to 65 unspecified Accuracy with HP M1190A 15D transducer 78354C 80 to 100 1 5 65 to 80 2 5 0 to 65 unspecified Accuracy with NELLCOR 1SD transducers 78354C 80 to 100 3 Alarms Lower Alarm range 50 95 step 1 default 90 Upper Alarm range 70 99 OFF step 1 default OFF Alarm delay 10 s HR derived from Pleth High Rate 10 s Alarm Delay Low Rate 6 s 78354C Low Rate 10 s Pleth Amplifier Bandwidth 0 8 11 0 Hz 25 Settling time lt 5s 2c 30 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Cardiotach Range 30 300 bpm Accuracy 1 Resolution 1 bpm Graticule lines Lower line 25 of wave channel Upper line 75 of wave channel Autofix 50 of wave channel peak values on Pleth graticule lines Gain frozen after 60 s approximately Test SpO test signal 100 m Pleth test signal 50 of wave channel 100 bpm Alarms HR derived from High Rate 10 s Low Rate 6 s Pleth Alarm delay 78354C Low Rate 10 s System Interface General Opt J11 only Note There is no annotation of NIBP and SpO values Y
153. rallel serial shift register U11 i e with one clock pulse address 1 data is latched into the parallel serial register address 2 data is latched into U18 and address 3 data presented to the numerics RAM from the CRT controller The CRT controller U20 is programmed to provide 24 fast sweeps per row of addresses The character size information is passed to column counter U14 to determine the number of fast sweeps per column With an 8x8 dot matrix per small character this gives 3 fast sweeps for every column for a small character and 6 fast sweeps for every column for a large character The character size information is also passed to the load and clock multiplexer The shift rate for small characters is twice as high as the shift rate for the large characters In the wave area the characters are smaller than in the numeric area 4x6 dot matrix instead of 5x7 dot matrix All characters in the wave area and the inverse characters in the numeric area are displayed with half intensity Information from the CPU can only be written into the numerics RAM during the 2 ms horizontal retrace time For large characters the ASCII information is written into the numerics RAM four times altogether Add x Ada X Add x Large character addressed Add X Add X Small character four times Slow fast Sync Signal Generation addressed once The CRT controller U20 also provides the slow sync and the fast sync signals for the video circuits on the Moth
154. range 6 3 mm V 4 2 mm V graticule line at 60 mmHg 9 kPa DC Input Range 0 150 mmHg 0 17 5 kPa Sensitivity 50 mmHg V 5 kPa V Accuracy 3 mmHg 0 3 kPa Speed selection 6 25 mm s Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 15 System 780 Annotating Interface Note There is no annotation of NIBP and SpO values Y General Auxiliary signals and parameters Internal processing accuracy 50 mV Selectable channels for external recorder Internal processing accuracy 50 mV Delay mode 12 s delay time Bandwidth Channel 1 0 Hz to 50 Hz Channel 2 0 Hz to 15 Hz Parameters off condition 1V ECG System Outputs Wave Bandwidth FILtering 0 5 Hz to 25 Hz DIAGnostic 0 05 Hz to 100 Hz Amplitude 2 5 Vpp at 50 display 78354A Gain variable between 320 and 3200 dependent on display gain DC output HR Range 15 bpm to 300 bpm 0 15 V to 3 V lt 15 bpm 0V Accuracy 5 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Pressure system outputs The following accuracies are additional to those given in the Pressure Channel data Wave All the following voltages are 50 mV Range absolute 0 25 V to 2 7 V 25 to 270 mmHg Range scaled 5 to 45 mmHg 0 50 V to 4 5 V 10 to 90 mmHg 0 50 V to 4 5 V 20 to 180 mmHg 0 40 V to 3 6 V 25 to 270 mmHg 0 25 V to 2 7 V Range absolute 0 33 V to 3 6 V 25 to 270 mmHg 2c 16 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Range scaled
155. ration Warm up time using 15203A from standby less than 1 min transducer unpolarized less than 2 hours Instrument back up time greater than 4 days internal battery 2c 26 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Alarms Medical Alarms audible and visual High Oz alarm limit selectable from 24 to 100 Low QO alarm limit selectable from 18 to 90 Alarm delay 15 s Technical Alarm audible and Transducer disconnected visual Break in sensor cable Test Signal 21 O2 Carbon Dioxide General Warm up Time 15 min accuracy within 0 3 mmHg C023 78354C 30 min accuracy within 0 3 mmHg of its final value Stability 1 mmHg over 7 day period Response Time lt 125 ms for step from 10 to 90 The following errors are due to O2 N2O compensation and are additional to instrument accuracies given in the sections below I Continuous measurement of O2 Oz between 10 and 100 a O2 compensation error in CO reading less than 1 b N20 compensation N20 is assumed to be 100 minus 02 error in CO reading less than 1 II Standard compensation Oz parameter off a O2 compensation 45 O2 assumed error in CO reading lessthan 3 for actual O concentrations of 20 to 70 b N20 compensation if selected 55 N20 assumed error inCOz reading less than 6 for actual O2 concentrations of 20 to 70 and actual N20 concentrations of 30 to 80 Instantaneous CO Wave Display Wavef
156. rd is functioning correctly the display should read the same as the pressure gauge manometer e g if gauge reads 60 mmHg the display should show N P0 60 within tolerances Press S S key to release pressure in system Note This test mode does not use the internal pump of the monitor f 2b 16 Specification Checks NIBP Calibration and Adjustments HP78xxxC Only The following procedures detail how to calibrate and test the NIBP board 78352 96538 fitted in the 78352C 78354C and 78834C monitors There are three procedures described in the following paragraphs They are 1 Calibration Procedure 2 Leakage Test Procedure 3 Linearity Test Procedure Note For use in Germany the calibration of NIBP boards must be accompanied by confimation by the PTB The calibration switch is then sealed with a ug sacrificial PTB sticker so the board cannot be susequently calibrated without destroying this sticker For the calibration procedure you will need first to remove the top cover of the monitor to gain access to the calibartion switch For all the procedures you will need to place the monitor in Service Test mode This is done by switching off the monitor for at least 20 s holding down the and keys simultaneously and switching on the monitor A pressure gauge 0 320 mmHg needs to be connected to the parameter input socket of the monitor via tubing used to connect a cuff to the monitor Recommended pressure gauge kit can
157. re 2 pressure 2 pressure 2 wave 60 wave 60 wave scaled absolute scaled absolute pressure 1 pressure 1 pressure 1 pressure 1 wave 300 wave wave systolic absolute pressure 1 pressure 2 wave diastolic absolute pressure 1 pressure 3 wave mean heart rate CO wave pressure 2 b to b absolute pressure 1 wave 300 CO resp resp COr2 wave resp wave wave wave mm systolic cardio pressure 2 respirogram mode resp wave systolic pressure 2 pleth wave scaled pressure 2 wave Theory Of Operation 1 93 Table 1 2 System Output Configurations continued Configurations 0 6 recorder recorder scaled delayed NIBP wave channel 2 channel 2 pressure 1 pressure 1 wave wave ALARM ON OFF diastolic absolute diastolic pressure 2 pressure 2 pressure 2 wave 60 mean ET CO pressure 1 N recorder control control recorder control delayed delayed HR b to b channel 1 state 1 state 5 channel 1 state 1 ECG wave HR b to b output configuration for CO O parameter xx for cardiorespirogram mode switch 1 on system board should be open ak Me ae no Aux Wave because it is available as analog signal xk k ak ak output configuration not available in German Language Option PTB only available in 788XX series 1 94 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 63 hier einf gen Figure 1 28 780 System Board Annotating Block Diagram Theory Of
158. re is reached At cuff pressures of about 180 mmHg the artery is occluded no blood flow and the pressure transducer detects only the cuff pressure The pressure in the cuff is released in steps of about 7 mmHg until the pressure partially occludes the artery At this point the artery pressure oscillations are seen superimposed on the cuff pressure Below cuff pressure of 30 mmHg the steps reduce to 2 mmHg As the pressure in the cuff is progressively released the magnitude of the oscillation as a function of the cuff pressure increases until the arterial mean pressure is reached When the cuff pressure falls below the arterial mean pressure the oscillation magnitude decreases as illustrated in the following diagram air pressure in cuff _ maximum oscillation ATAWA AAAA E arterial pressure curve pressure time Note This is a schematic representation only to demonstrate that the maximum oscillation is reached as the arterial mean pressure is approached The i microprocessor waits for two pressure cycles before decrementing to the next step see Oscillations paragraph Theory Of Operation 1 35 Oscillations Results The pressure transducer detects both the cuff baseline pressure and pressure oscillation These signals are amplified and filtered to separate the cuff baseline pressure and the pressure oscillations The micro processor compares successive pressure oscillation magnitudes until it detects two osc
159. recovery 1 s after defibrillation Noise 35 uVpp measured in the DIAGnostic mode and referred to the input with each lead connected to ground through shielded 51 kohm 47 nF Cardiotach Digital cardiotach AUTO MODE Heart rate depends on upper alarm limit setting Upper alarm limit setting lt 150 Range 15 to 2 x upper alarm limit Upper alarm limit setting gt 150 Range 15 to 300 bpm 2c 2 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Accuracy Resolution Sensitivity Pace pulse rejection MANUAL MODE Heart rate range Accuracy Resolution Sensitivity Display gain Analog output ECG wave on phone jack Gain Bandwidth Baseline offset Alarms Technical alarm Medical alarms Alarm delay Test Calibration 1 1 bpm 200 uV peak meets requirements of AAMI EC13 1983 standard for Cardiac monitors Automode 15 to 300 bpm 1 1 bpm 5 mV to 5 mV 3 mm mV to 30 mm mV channel 1 78352C only 6 mm mV to 55 mm mV 320 to 3200 dependent on display gain FILTering 0 5 to 25 Hz OR 0 5 to 100 Hz ICU DIAGnostic 0 05 to 100 Hz OR and ICU lt 100 mV at gain 1000 Leads Off Asystole Ventricular Fibrillation Heart rate High rate lt 10s Low rate lt 6s ECG simulated test waveform and numerics a 100 bpm 2 waveform 1 5 cm pp m 78352C Only waveform 2 7 cm pp Calibration signal 1 mV 10 ST Segment Monitoring 78354 66722 Leads On
160. rformance Assurance Checks 2a 19 Gas Flow Performance Checks Hewlett Packard recommends that the following gas flow check is conducted once a year Test Procedure Test 1 1 Check that the pressure indicators are not in the black zone i e that there is an adequate supply of gas in the cylinders 2 Remove the Calibration Unit cover see disassembly 3 At the rear of the calibration chamber are two plastic tubes One tube goes to the control block and the other is not connected at one end Take the free end of the latter piece of tubing and immerse it in a glass of water 4 Place a transducer in the calibration chamber in the normal manner the transducer prevents gas leaving the chamber other than via the outlet tubing at the rear 5 Turn the timer control to CAL a steady stream of bubbles should be observed in the water This indicates a normal gas flow 6 Turn the timer control to CAL 2 again a steady stream of bubbles should be observed to indicate a normal gas flow pacxano 15210A CALI CAL2 O 22 a Calibration Chamber with Transducer Tubing N Bubbles in Water Figure 2a 11 Gas Flow Performance Check Test 1 Action If no air bubbles are observed or if bubbles are only released occasionally the supply of gas is not adequate In this case proceed to tests 2 3 2a 20 Performance Assurance Checks For tests 2 and 3 the Regulator Control Block must be removed from the unit See
161. rm Range Alarm delay Pressure Channel Pressure amplifier Range Sensitivity Transducer load impedance Gain accuracy Gain stability Gain adjustment range Non linearity Bandwidth Auto zero Range Zero accuracy Zero drift Response time Heart Rate derived from PLETH 15 to 250 bpm High rate 10 s Low rate 6 s 25 mmHg to 300 mmHg 3 3 kPa to 40 kPa 5 uV V mmHg 37 5 uV V kPa or 40 uV V mmHg 300 uV V kPa selected automatically 120 500 Ohm 1 0 1 mmHg C 0 013 kPa C 10 783540 7 0 5 0 to 12 Hz 200 mmHg 26 kPa 1 0 mmHg 0 13 kPa 0 1 mmHg C 0 013 kPa C ls Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 23 Pressure wave display Graticule lines Graticule line labelling and resolution Range mmHg s9 gt 45 10 90 20 180 25 270 Range kPa 0 5 4 5 1 0 9 0 2 5 22 5 3 3 36 Pulse Rate Normal 3 channel wave range 32 mm Overlapping wave 64 mm Graticule line labelling Resolution mmHg cm lower upper overlapping normal 0 3 8 16 O 60 16 32 0 120 32 64 0 180 48 96 Graticule line labelling Resolution kPa cm lower upper overlapping normal O 3 0 78 1 56 0 6 1 56 3 12 0 15 4 16 8 33 O 24 6 25 12 5 Derived from P1 only not available with Opt E20 Range Accuracy Resolation Alarms Technical Alarms Alarm delay Medical Alarms Alarm delay Pulse rate
162. rometer and adjust the potentiometer R11 until the display reads the barometer reading The Barometer Board is now adjusted 78834 66573 R11 Location of R11 2b 20 Specification Checks TcpCQ tcpQ Channel Complete specification checks can only be performed using a special comprehensive test box Linearity temperature control cable defect simulation etc can be verified with this special test box Note This test box is different from the NOVRAM calibration jig described in tcpCO2 tcpO2 Channel Checks and Transducer in Chapter 2a Contact the 4g nearest HP Service Office for details and availability SpO Board Due to the sophisticated nature of the output input signal of the SpOz board it is not possible to test the device with a simple test circuit Specification Checks 2b 21 2C Technical Specifications for all Monitors Introduction This chapter contains technical specifications in instrument numerical order Technical Specifications 78352A C This section contains the final specifications for the 78352A C The general instrument specifications are followed by those for the individual parameters General Patient safety m All inputs are CF type a Otion NO1 meets safety requirements CSA C22 2 No 125 a Option NO2 meets safety requirements of IEC 601 1 m Option NO4 meets safety requirements of UL 544 u Defibrillator protection up to 5 kV Power requirements Operating volta
163. rs one filled with CO which is used as a reference absorbtion and other chamber filled with N2 which does not absorb infra red light An additional empty chamber in the filter wheel gives information on CO enclosed in the transducer The resulting analog signal at output of transducer s preamplifier is shown below Theory Of Operation 1 49 CO Parameter Board 78354 66540 and 78356 66540 The CO parameter boards 78354 66540 and 78356 66540 contains the following main circuits m Motor and Temperature circuit Preamplifier a Analog to Digital conversion m Digital circuits necessary to process data and transmit data to the instrument s shared memory Motor Circuit When a transducer is connected to an instrument pin C on J1 is connected to ground which in turn forces pin 11 on microcomputer U2 also to ground The microcomputer recognizes the presence of a transducer and sends a pulse to the start up pulse generator U3 Q1 via port 10 pin 13 of U2 The start up pulse generator sends a pulse to power the sense coils of the transducer and start the filter wheel rotating If filter wheel start up is not successful the start up pulse generator repeats with a second pulse 2 s later until motor runs When the filter wheel rotates a sine wave voltage appears on the sense coils and the sine wave will be phase shifted by integrator U1B and amplified by variable gain stage U5 U1 The variable gain amplifier drives power amplifier Q2 and Q
164. ry Of Operation 1 83 Notice how the line joining d readings indicates the amplitude modulated plethysmograph wave The function of the floating section of the board is two fold a To enable accurate reading of light conductivity by removing noise and compensating for ambient light in the pulse train b To drive the two LEDs ESU Rejection Two 4KHz low pass filters contained in U102 and U104A remove frequencies produced by Electro Surgery Units Ambient Light Rejection High pass filter U104A rejects ambient light Amplification The output stream from the photodiode is amplified at various points a Amplifier in U104A which converts current to voltage b Variable amplifier in U104A This is software controlled and monitored by comparator U111 which checks for wave clipping c Amplifier contained in U104A The pulse train is also shifted here such that the signal becomes symetrical to zero Compensation for Ambient Light The series of switched low pass filters LP RED LP INFRA and LP PLETH are used together with the capacitor labelled DARK to separate the four phases within each frame of the pulse train and compensate for the effects of ambient light The sequence of operation is software controlled and takes place as follows a Dark Phase Switch governing capacitor Dark is closed Switches governing LP RED LP INFRA and PLETH are open Capacitor DARK is charged by the pulse resulting from the am
165. s Test Calibration m ECG simulated test waveform and numerics 125bpm 2 waveform 2 5cm pp u Calibration signal 1 mV 10 Temperature Channel Range 15 C to 45 C Resolution 0 1 C Accuracy 0 1 C 25 0 C to 45 0 C 0 2 C 15 0 C to 24 9 C Average time constant 10 s At 15 C Numeric display update time 2 s If out of range no display No alarm given Test temperature Ti 40 C T2 40 C 0 1 C TEPCEQALT Isolation voltage 5kV Respiration Channel Respiration amplifier Patient Protection Protected against defibrillator potentials Differential input impedance gt 1 Mohm at lt 50 Hz with ECG in parallel Sensing current lt 80 uA rms measured at 62 5 kHz Isolation voltage 5 kV Noise display lt 3 mm measured at full size Test signal amplitude equivalent to impedance change of 1ohm 10 at a rate of 60 5 rpm 2c 38 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Respiration trigger Monitor automatically sets to automatic triggering Auto mode Auto trigger level is set automatically Sensitivity lt 180 mohm at a Resp rate of 60 rpm Respiration rate range lt 170 rpm Accuracy 3 rpm Manual mode Trigger level dependent on CRT display size Nominal level M Triggermark Signals must be greater than this mark to be triggered Respiration alarms Apnea alarm activated when no valid breath is detected within present apnea delay time Delay time 10 to 4
166. s rectified and then A D converted Input Circuits Two reference resistors and two temperature inputs in the form of resistances are available at the input section of the board The microprocessor through relays K1 2 3 and transistor switches U7 controls which of the resistances is transformed across T1 to the next stage The two reference values representing 40 C and 25 C are used for periodic calibration checks when the microprocessor checks for offset and drift errors Signal Rectification and A D Conversion The resistance transformed across T1 provides damping for the resonant circuit T1 C1 The excitation frequency for the resonant circuit is supplied via frequently divider U3 and amplifier U4 The voltage across the resonant circuit changes as the amount of damping changes with temperature This voltage signal is half wave rectified U1 giving an output dc level proportional to the input temperature signal This signal is then dual slope A D converted U8 and goes to the respiration board digital circuits Digital Circuits The A D converted temperature information is processed by the microprocessor U13 in the digital circuits and the results passed to the shared memory on the display microprocessor board Temperature Parameter Software The software controls hardware functions relays switches etc and A D conversion Software also checks calibration using the reference resistors and detects INOP conditions 1
167. s switched off and the transducer is still connected allowing it to remain polarized and ready for use This polarization voltage produced by the 2 5 V dc supply and associated circuitry is backed up by a rechargeable battery BT501 The output of the battery is fed to channel 7 of multiplexer 0520 for monitoring the battery voltage Theory Of Operation 1 73 Heater Circuit Both the 15204A and 15205A transducers contain a heating coil When in operation the heating coil heats up the patients skin to enhance the diffusion of gases through the skin The temperature of the skin and therefore of the heating coils must be carefully kept within specified limits of the selected temperature heating coil temperature can be selected using softkeys choice of 37 C or in the range 42 C to 45 C in steps of 1 2 C The microprocessor U6 provides a pulse width modulated heat signal which is transferred from the non floating to the floating circuits via opto coupler U23 The heating coil circuit U510B produces a dc heating voltage which is fed to the heating coil This signal is also used for the synchronisation of data transfer Temperature Control Transducers 15204A and 15205A each have two internal thermistors which form part of a bridge circuit T1 thermistor with U504 and associated components and T2 with U505 with associated components The output of the thermistor bridges are fed to channel 5 and channel 6 of multiplexer U520 This information is use
168. sducer is not connected a change in load current is sensed by resistor R22 in the push pull amplifier stage Q2 Q3 This resistor is connected to a differential amplifier U19B which amplifies the voltage across the resistor Hence when the current in R22 changes as the result of transducer disconnection the output of the amplifier U19B will also change This output voltage goes to the selector switch and then to the A D conversion stage Here it is converted into a digital signal for use in the digital circuits to generate an INOP signal when necessary and for storage in the shared memory to initiate pressure signal display Zero Calibration and Test Functions A DAC U8 and amplifier U5 are used to provide calibration and test functions to the input amplifier U1 The same circuits also provide zero compensation for the transducer When testing the board the input from the transducer to the input amplifier U1 is grounded using a signal applied from latch U24 on the digital section of the board The alternative test and calibration inputs are provided by the DAC U8 as a result of the digital inputs to U8 from the microprocessor Digital Circuits The A D converted pressure information and transducer disconnected signal are processed by the microprocessor U27 in the digital circuits and the results are passed to the shared memory on the display microprocessor board A2 The digital circuits also process information from the shar
169. t 10 Hz and including patient cable Common Mode Rejection Ratio Electrode offset potential Baseline recovery Noise Cardiotach a FlLTering 106 dB m DIAGnostic gt 86 dB at line frequency with patient cable and 51 kohm 47 nF imbalance and respiration in parallel 0 5 V max 2s after defibrillation lt 35 uVpp measured in the DIAGnostic mode and referred to the input with each lead connected to ground through shielded 51 kohm 47 nF Digital cardiotach beat to beat rate Range Accuracy Resolution Sensitivity No pace pulse rejection Analog Output ECG wave on phone jack Constant gain Bandwidth Baseline offset Alarms Technical alarm Indication 15 350 bpm 1 of displayed value lbpm 250 uV peak 1000 FlLtering 0 5 to 25 Hz DIAGnostic 0 5 to 100 Hz lt 100mV at gain of 1000 Leads off occurs if electrode offset potential out of spec three dashes flash in place of heart rate numerics and audible alarm is given Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 37 Medical alarms Asystole occurs when interval between 2 QRS compexes exceeds four seconds Indication lt 15 numerics flash alarm lamps flash and an audible alarm is given Heart rate alarm occurs when heart rate is outside of selected alarm limits Indication flashing heart rate numerics and audible alarm given Alarm range 15 30 bpm in steps of 5 bpm Alarm delay High rate 10 s low rate 5
170. tch U100 is connected to the data bus and stores the switch settings for MUX U9 and switch U8 It also transmits the signals to start the pump motor and close Valve 1 Hardware Description Note No opto couplers are required on this board because the board is grounded 7 Valve Drivers Two valves are used to inflate and deflate the different types of cuff Valve 1 is normally open the valve for the adult cuff and Valve 2 is normally closed the valve for the neonatal cuff Valve 2 has two switches Q3 Q4 Q9 and Valve 1 has only one switch Q2 Q8 There are two switches to open and close Valve 2 to save power A relatively high current is needed to change the state of the switch but a very low current is required to hold the selected state Latch U310 on the Analog Board supplies the VALVE_2 signal The valve is then held closed with a reduced current from transistor Q3 limited by resistors R53 R54 and R55 It is not necessary to use the same power conservation technique for Valve 1 because it is activated very rarely in comparison with the adult valve When it is activated Valve 1 is opened only for a very short period Diodes CR8 CR3 and CR4 CR5 are protection diodes to limit the induction voltage if the valves are switched off Pump Motor The pump motor is controlled by U12A Q5 and the current limiting resistor R73 R74 R75 R76 The pump is activated when a 5 V signal PUMP is received from latch U100 at the
171. tely 15 The signals are then routed to lead selector switch U4 The amplified ECG signal is fed to modulator U6 The resulting AC voltage is transferred to the grounded section by transformer T2 Right Leg Drive The common mode error signal that serves as input to the right leg drive circuit is derived from the signals summed through R21 and R22 This common mode error signal drives the right leg drive amplifier U5A The output of the right leg drive amplifier returns to the patient through the patient cable serving to prevent 50 60 Hz power line interference Gates U10A B C switch this signal to the LL LA or RA input Q1 Q2 Q3 respectively according to which lead is selected INOP Detection Circuit If any of the leads are disconnected right leg drive amplifier U5A generates an INOP signal logic high This signal is passed to INOP comparator U5B and then switched to modulator U6 It is transferred to the grounded circuit and once again detected U15 From latch U21 it is transferred to the digital ECG circuits 1 26 Theory Of Operation Lead Selector Circuit Frequency selector U18 U19 is clocked by the 1 MHz signal from clock divider U30 It also receives lead select data DO to D3 from latch U22 The frequency selector is used for lead select coding 45 46 kHz Lead I 31 25 kHz Lead II 38 47 kHz Lead III 25 kHz TEST Signal low 18 52 kHz TEST Signal high The signal is then sent to power driver Q6 Q7 and
172. ter 2 Maintenance Checks o Chapter 2a Performance Assurance Checks o Chapter 2b Specification Checks D Chapter 2c Technical Specifications for all Monitors Further sections covering disassembly and reassembly of the monitor switch programming and adjustments schematic diagrams and replaceable parts lists are contained in Volume 2 of the manual part number 78354 90010 Documentation relating to these monitors 78352A Operating Guide 78352 90001 78353B 4A Operating Guide 78354 90001 78352C 4C Operating Guide 78354 92001 78352A 2C 3B 4A 4C Installation Guide 78354 90011 78833B 4A Operating Guide 78834 91001 78834C Operating Guide 78834 92001 78833B 4A 4C Installation Guide 78834 90011 78356A Operating Guide 78356 90001 78356A Installation Guide 78356 90011 Note 78352A 78352C monitors are and 78832A monitors are 78353A referred to 788334 referred to 78353B in text as 78833B in text as 78354A 783XX Series 78834A 788XX Series 78354C 78334C Special Notation Notes cautions and or warnings may accompany the instructions in this manual They are defined below Note Notes provide emphasis to information or additional information off line i from a procedure Caution Cautions highlight procedures that must be followed to avoid damage to the recorder Warning Warnings highlight procedures that must be followed to avoid hazards to human life or safety Contents 1
173. tion 1 mmHg 0 13 kPa SpO Channel 78834C Range 60 to 100 Resolution 2 Display points per 384 trend curve Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 59 SpO Pleth 78834C SpO is measured using a dual wavelength optical transducer It measures pulse and SpO Range 0 to 100 saturation Numeric display Averaging period selectable 1 2 4 8 16 beats with default 4 Settling time lt 5s typical Accuracy HP M1190A Transducer 1SD 80 to 100 1 5 65 to 80 2 5 0 to 65 unspecified Accuracy NELLCOR Transducers 15D 80 to 100 3 0 Alarms Lower Alarm range 50 95 step 1 default 90 Upper Alarm range 70 99 OFF step 1 default OFF Alarm delay 10 s HR derived from Pleth Alarm Delay High Rate 10s Low Rate 10s Pleth Amplifier Bandwidth 0 8 11 0 Hz 25 Settling time lt 5s Cardiotach Range 30 300 bpm Accuracy 1 Resolution 1 bpm Graticule lines Lower line 25 of wave channel Upper line 75 of wave channel Autofix 50 of wave channel peak values on Pleth graticule lines Gain frozen after 60 s approximately 2c 60 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Test SpO test signal 100 Pleth test signal 50 of wave channel 100 bpm Pulse rate alarm limits High and Low 30 to 250 bpm Ranges Noninvasive Blood Pressure NIBP General Oscillometric method with inflatable cuff determines Mean arterial pressure MAP s
174. tion FlLTering 110 dB with Resp gt 106 dB Ratio DIAGnostic 90 dB with Resp gt 84 dB at line gt frequency with patient cable and 51 kohm 47 nF imbalance Electrode offset potential 0 5 V max Baseline recovery 2 s after defibrillation 788340 aan 1 s after defibrillation Noise lt 35 uVpp measured in the DIAGnostic mode and referred to the input with each lead connected to ground through shielded 51 kohm 47 nF 2c 50 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Cardiotach Digital cardiotach beat to beat rate AUTO MODE Upper alarm limit range Accuracy Resolution Sensitivity No Pace pulse rejection MANUAL MODE Heart rate range Accuracy Resolution Sensitivity Display gain Analog output m ECG wave on phone jack Gain Bandwidth Baseline offset Alarms Technical Alarm Medical Alarms Indication Alarm delay Test Calibration ECG simulated test waveform and numerics Calibration signal 15 to 300 bpm 1 1 bpm 250 uV peak 15 to 350 bpm 1 1 bpm 5 mV to 5 mV 3 mm mV to 30 mm mV channel 1 320 to 3200 dependent on display gain FILTering 0 5 to 25 Hz DIAGnostic 0 5 to 100 Hz lt 100 mV at gain 1000 Leads Off occurs if electrode is detached dry or if electrode offset potential out of spec Asystole occurs when interval between two QRS complexes exceeds four seconds lt 15 numerics flash alarm lamps flash and an au
175. to 210 bpm Resolution 1 bpm Display points per trend 384 468 for 2 min trend curve Respiration Channel Length of apnea event s in seconds displayed as a vertical bar Maximum height of bar 60 s to 360 s dependent on selected trend time Resolution of bar ls Number of bars per display 192 WAVE 2 min trend only Display points per trend 468 curve Pressure Channel The systolic diastolic and mean values are combined in one display Range dependent on selected pressure scale Resolution 1 2 mmHg 0 16 kPa Display points per trend 96 117 for 2 min trend curve Each point contains one systolic one diastolic and two mean values 2c 48 Technical Specifications for all Monitors Technical Specifications 78833B and 78834A C This section contains the technical specifications for the 78833B and 78834A C The technical specifications are the same for both instruments with the following exceptions a The 78833B is a 3 4 module instrument and the 78834A is a full module instrument b The 78834C comes in both sizes The general instrument specifications are followed by those for the individual parameters General Patient safety m All inputs are CF type as Option N01 meets safety requirements CSA C22 2 No 125 ws Option NO2 meets safety requirements of IEC 601 1 m Option NO4 meets safety requirements of UL 544 w Defibrillator protection up to 5 kV Power requirements Operating voltage 115 V
176. tor configured settings which are necessary to ensure accurate tcpCO tcpO2 measurements Proceed as follows m plug in working transducer or calibration jig m press pCO pO 2 setup key m if cal jig connected press STOP softkey until CAL RUNNING message disappears as described previously u if cal jig connected press BACK TO SETUP softkey m press MORE CONTRLS sofkey m press MORE CONTRLS softkey again to access configuration setup a press CHANGE CONFIG softkey m now enter the previous operator configured settings in the case of tcpCO2 monitoring these are correction facility site timer facility gain and offset values in the Correction Setup mode and in the case of tcepO2 monitoring are room temperature relative humidity site timer facility a press STORE key to store data in NOVRAM w repeat for other pO2 or pCO if two separate inputs exist Performance Assurance Checks 2a 13 The NOVRAM reprogramming 2 is now complete Note If this NOVRAM reprogramming 2is not performed the NOVRAM will automatically revert to the default values for the configuration settings listed as follows Note If possible note the configuration settings before performing NOVRAM component repair so that the same values and status can be er re entered this of course will not be possible if the NOVRAM itself is defect tcp02 Configuration default settings Site timer Off Room temperature 25 C Relative Humidity 50 a t
177. u 78352A 78352C 78353A 78353B 78354A 78354C series of adult monitors m 788324 78833A 78833B 78834A 78354C series of neonatal monitors m 78356A gas monitor Also more detailed descriptions of the individual sub assemblies are contained in this section Functional description The measured physiological signals are routed directly to the parameter board where they are amplified and then A D converted The digital information is processed by the parameter board microprocessor The digital section of the Parameter Board contains the microprocessor the ROM storing the parameter program and a general purpose memory RAM The results of the parameter processing are transferred to the shared memory Here they are accessed by the display microprocessor for further processing The shared memory which is located on the Display uP Board is used to store all parameter and waveform information This information is used by the display microprocessor to update the wave RAM and the numerics RAM The wave information is routed from the display microprocessor through a D A converter to the Interpolation Board At the same time alphanumeric information from the numerics RAM character generator is parallel serial converted The video driver on the Mother Board combines these two signals to drive the CRT The CRT controller on the Display uP Board triggers the driver circuits on the Mother Board Data entered via the keyboard e g alarm limits lead co
178. ve a zero signal for calibration purposes and allows software recognition of the parameter cable which is connected by identifying the particular series resistor in that cable The output signal from the detection circuit is then fed via selector switch U15 to the A D conversion stage Digital Circuits The A D converted parameter information is processed by the microprocessor U27 in the digital circuit and the results passed to the shared memory on the Display microprocessor board The digital circuits also processes information from the shared memory Temp Pleth Aux Parameter Software The software contains the following modules a Pleth o Autofix gain oO Manual gain o Peak finding o Heart rate processing o INOP detection o Trend 78354 66552 BD m Temp o Calibration checks o INOP detection m Aux o Auto zero Do Parameter identification o Scaling The PAT parameter software is contained in one 16K x 8EPROM U28 TREND 8K x 8 RAM U32 loaded NO TREND 2K x 8 RAM U32 loaded Trend times are as follows Update Time 3 1s 9 45 18 7 s 37 48 1 25 min 3 74 min 1 58 Theory Of Operation Faltblatt von alte Seite 1 39 hier einf gen Figure 1 17 Temp Pleth Aux Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 59 Temperature Board 78832 66552 and 78834 66552 The temperature measurement is based on the change in resistance of the transducer with changing temperature This signal in the form of a voltage i
179. verted temperature information is processed by the microprocessor U27 in the digital circuits and the results passed to the shared memory on the display microprocessor board Temperature Parameter Software The software controls hardware functions relays switches etc and A D conversion Software also checks calibration using the reference resistors and detects INOP conditions ws Board 78353 66554 contains 1K x 8 RAM and 8K x 8 EPROM u Board 78354 66554 contains 2K x 8 RAM and 8K x 8 EPROM Theory Of Operation 1 63 Trend Board 78354 66554 has trend capability The trend times and display update times for single and dual temperature are shown in table Update Time m T2 Single Temp 9 4 18 7 s 37 4s 1 25 min 1 42 min 4 27 min 3 74 min Note Single temperature each data sample requires 1 point of screen Dual i temperature T2 is updated every eighth point with respect to T1 1 64 Theory Of Operation Blatt von alte Seite 1 43 verkleinern und horizontal hier einf gen Figure 1 19 Dual Temperature Board Block Diagram Theory Of Operation 1 65 se 8 to 1 66 Theory Of Operation Respiration Board 78832 66562 The changing impedance during respiration between two ECG electrodes RL amp LL is measured and the signal processed to give a high resolution respiration signal output input Circuits The voltage across the two leads is transferred to the grounded section across transforme
180. wave RAM 1 U35 It is converted in U5 into an analog voltage in order to perform the smoothing algorithm The smoothing algorithm uses four waveform samples Analog multiplexer A U8 acts as a 4 PST switch rotating one position in between every raster line The sample and hold circuit U10 therefore holds the dc level of the present and previous 3 waveform samples Shuffle Mux Analog multiplexer B U11 U12 makes alternately available to the video pulse generator the four stored dc levels in the correct time relationship Video Pulse Generator The weighted comparators U14 U15 U16 U17 generate a series of pulses in response to the waveform samples The video pulse generator circuit translates the pulses from the weighted comparators into video pulses that are used by the video circuits on the Mother Board A1 Theory Of Operation 1 13 Ramp Generator The ramp generator U28 Q1 Q2 generates a ramp for each raster line fast sweep The ramp signals are used by the weighted comparators for each sample that is displayed The output combinational logic within the video pulse generator logically combines these pulses so as to produce four digital outputs corresponding to four levels of CRT beam intensity Raster Line Control During data input to the DA converter U5 the raster line control U1A U1B sends a WAIT signal back to the Display uP Board in order to synchronize the CPU which operates as a line counter This status
181. ypical at HR greater than 60 bpm Cuff Pressure Accuracy Display Update INOP Alarms 15 C to 25 C 3 mmHg 10 C to 35 C 3 mmHg 0 6 or reading 0 C to 55 C 3 mmHg 1 7 or reading Auto Manual STAT lt 2 s after end of measurement Trigger if a static pressure an overpressure or an overlong measurement time is detected Patient Modes The new NIBP board 78352 66538 is designed to be used with adult pedatric and neonatal patients The Measurement Ranges Limit Alarms and Overpressure Safety Limits are listed for each patient mode in turn Adult Mode Measurement Ranges and Limit Alarms Systolic 30 to 270 mmHg 4 to 36 kPa Diastolic 10 to 245 mmHg 1 5 to 32 kPa Mean 20 to 255 mmHg 2 5 to 34 kPa Theory Of Operation 1 41 Limit Alarm Adjustment Overpressure Safety Limits Pediatric Mode Measurement Ranges and Limit Alarms Limit Alarm Adjustment Overpressure Safety Limits Neonatal Mode Measurement Ranges and Limit Alarms Limit Alarm Adjustment Overpressure Safety Limits Measurement Principle Oscillometric Measurement 5 mmHg 1 kPa steps 2 mmHg 0 5 kPa steps for 10 to 30 mmHg range maximum 330 mmHg 44 kPa Systolic 30 to 180 mmHg 4 to 24 kPa Diastolic 10 to 150 mmHg 1 5 to 20 kPa Mean 20 to 160 mmHg 2 5 to 22 kPa 5 mmHg 1 kPa steps 2 mmHg 0 5 kPa steps for 10 to 30 mmHg range maximum 220 mmHg 30 kPa Systolic 30 to 130 mmHg 4 to 17
182. ystolic and diastolic pressure Cuff pressure range 0 to 280 mmHg 37 kPa automatically released if pressure exceeds 315 10 mmHg 42 1 5 kPa Inflation time 6 to 10 s to 280 mmHg typical using standard adult cuff Deflation time 30 to 35 s typical Cuff pressure accuracy better than 3 mmHg 0 4 kPa for ambient temperature 15 C to 25 C better than 3 mmHg 0 6 of reading for ambient temperature 10 C to 35 C better than 3 mmHg 1 7 of reading for ambient temperature 0 C to 55 C Add rounding error of 1 2 digit 0 5 mmHg of 0 05 kPa to above accuracies Measurement Range Systolic 30 to 130 mmHg 4 to 17 kPa Diastolic 10 to 200 mmHg 1 3 to 13 kPa MAP 20 to 120 mmHg 2 5 to 16 kPa Note Measurements are only possible in the heart range 40 to 300 bpm Modes m Auto measurements are automatically repeated with a time interval set by the user 2 5 10 15 30 and 60 min m Manual a single measurement is taken Technical Specifications for all Monitors 2c 61 m Statim If fitted A series of ten measurement cycles are taken over a five minute period Only one QRS complex causing a pressure oscillation in the cuff is sensed at each inflation level Alarms High and low pressure Alarm Limit Adjustments m 5 mmHg 1kPa steps 2 mmHg 0 5kPa steps for 10 to 30 mmHg 1 5 to 4kPa Fractional Inspired Oxygen 78834C Range 10 to 110 Resolution 1 Instrument Accuracy

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