Lith printing technique - troubleshooting
Contents
1. Wolfgang Moersch Lith printing technique troubleshooting error cause underexposed contrast too high no colour negative too hard see image below negative much too hard pale ee and rich underexposed too much sulphite too short development due to overexposure unsuitable developer no rich blacks configuration exhausted developer some warmtone emulsions lith in a brown black tone print too black i l lith black too wide over develope darkroom light too light or unsuitable wrong spectral range fog on the image borders not enough bromide for your paper several black dots of affected are all papers with high different size also on lith ability in combination with image borders most of highly diluted developer without the time happens only regeneration especially strong on after 3 to 5 prints Maco Expo R remedy increase exposure higher dilution of developer increase exposure two bath development pre expose paper if necessary above threshold increase exposure reduce sulphite decrease exposure or add bromide see paper table including fine tuning for papers regenerate or use fresh working solution tone briefly in a strong selenium solution get sooner out of the developer or add bromide if you cannot improve your darkroom light add bromide see paper table and add bromide use a stronger working solution increase the content of sulphite and regenerate with2. fresh solution or with sulphite after each print little black dots in the highlights staining and patterns of irregular black in highlights and mid tones irregular black stains see image 2 and image 3 light stains with blurred borders transparent when you try to see through the print image colour of the highlights not satisfying see image 1 pepper fogging chaotic infectious development can occur in an exhausted developer with a high content of semi quinone emulsion lay upside down on the bottom of the dish without agitation or if emulsion side up print swam up and partially fell dry for a short time inadequate hardening of the fibre base layer when processed for long durations a chemical damage of the Batytage which starts from the back of the print not enough light or unsuitable paper increase the content of sulphite don t be cheap on developer paper and time is much more expensive if your paper is prone to this regenerate regularly also see durability and capacity reduce the amount of developer to avoid buoyancy in any case agitate constantly for affected papers or individual emulsions shorten the times of development by using stronger working solutions partB change to a more colourful paper or use more light in a working solution with more bromide The following images illustrate some of the errors mentioned above The list will be amended on a regular basi
3. s Image 1 contrast too high no colour Reason much too little exposure Image 2 dark stains more or less big in size Reason the print was not agitated adequately There was too little developer in the dish so that the print vaulted upwards If parts of the surface fall dry infectious development instantly starts in those areas due to oxidation Image 3 dark stains more or less big in size Just quickly one more exposure while another print is still in the developer Too bad two island like patches of the print are above the surface You cannot see anything at first but towards the end of development rings appear where the print got air For more Information visit www moersch photochemie com
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