Zeiss Ikon Maximar Instruction Manual
Contents
1. 14 iid RGD a ASO go toni o By ER Compur Shutter Model S WITH DELAYED ACTION RELEASE 4 ty A Index showing the ex posure times D Finger release for the shutter E Diaphragm indicator F Setting button for the delayed action release I Setting lever for auto matic speeds and for exposures with the de layed action release O Bush in which to screw the flexible release R Rotating ring for regu lating the speeds which read off against index A When delayed action release is not in use proceed as follows T Long Time exposures Turn ring R till letter T is on the index mark A Pressure on lever D or on the flexible release inserted at O opens the shutter which will remain open till a second pressure closes it B Short Time exposures Turn ring R till letter B is on the index mark A Pressure on the release opens the shutter which will close as soon as this pressure ceases 152. 2 00 0 30 0 60 1 2 2 5 5 0 10 0 3 00 0 44 0 90 1 8 3 5 7 0 14 0 i 4 00 0 75 1 5 3 0 6 0 12 0 24 0 5 00 1 0 2 0 4 0 8 0 16 0 32 0 10 00 2 5 5 0 10 0 20 0 40 0 80 0 i Se a For all kinds of photographic work f the excellent Zeiss Ikon 3 Zeiss Ikon A G aiteaden i l Me ae Reco ital TT Src ee LP ypa j ei K ee acd ca Film packs i 2 RTE Ag tak ea Ra TIER ANSE TRS Ron ae ogo ERTE A wa ST ROS OSS OS acta ay Le SRA A ORR cena OTEN hy va Wee or 2 a tee i I 6958b 800 632 Printed in Germany Serca a amp Din baua FR ANNAR e sb C at eg os t AT ASAA RARR A SANS dpe aaa ANG DEAE aa asa Area ADA d A a adeat ama oae eee No IV Lighting Exposure Tim e Tables Objects which in the shade when the sun shines are not directly struck by the light rays come within 2 slightly clouded unlessTable II diffused light is already used Dr Max Leo System All rights reserved Sunny Sky Sky Sky Dark thun Ha J ene Dey ma Wear wits SHR couse Sunny sly tile att rm Fore After January February March April May June Northern j sy 2 t noon December November October September August July Hemisphere i l 5 7 T No V Diaphragm 6 6 t s s i F Nos maj 2 28 as AEIR 16 22 32 9 3 i i f i Continental Scale F 1 6 8 22 27 32 4 5 6 3 9 12 5 18 25 5 3 36
3. wa A ie lag Ge we a B 2 8 lt dz adiaiala la 3 3 9 fore noon 10 o clock Table I No landscape with foliage in the fore ground mer Table II No dryplate 18 Scheiner Table III No sunny sky with a a ih is w a 3 2 2 1 4 i a white clouds Table IV No and diaphragm f 18 Table V No Values found y Bigg TETO f No III Dr yplate No in table VI indicates 1 6 of a second as the correct exposure time TEE AAAA MA et asa a ai 7 re ae aE DE Scheiner 80 110 130 160 189i 190 210 230 270 300 Rim Pand dele barn Dai Hurter amp Driffield 400 820 1330 2760 351 5700 9300 12000135000 72000 yeler a Ee E R a E B R E i e Pea i S See ye prs 8 CoE a wes t Pebble bebele e j THESE values must be deducted from the sum total E 2 geni die BE esie ae pee msaya 4 ad ee ee es aoum aterm gt peren wh Fa NETE E E E et Sires eine terme SE ee w e ss shew ee aay amam late ae en eee t o oe ee Cen ee fae ee sanam ae ery one eu t e 5 pete E Wey E S E R O PEE TES See E fan BL OSS Gaat T rate ei A A ai aati E CREI i castes PIR Lt ib ana t aE a ER Re en at stares ANE a 5 shania S eas ro ane te ME NG Lagare oe ee PS LAFI ae a am Instantaneous exposures i g Turn ring R till the speed chosen is on index mark A Set the shutter by moving lever I to the right to the limit of motion Release the shutter by a
4. 10 2 s l d en Cis EAS ed a ees Rit 3 SEARRE a 12 7 is amp Fore After July August September October f Novemberi December Southern g af No VI Exposure Time noon June May April March February January Hemisphere j i a P _ i No II Object to be exposed Seconds 1 1300 1 1000 1 750 1 500 aao 1 as 3 200 8 405 1 1001 0 W o 1 30 172s 171s 1712 1 5 1 6 L i t Light diffused Landscape 7 Total o wy a jg P ETET Bt f wo gt Water l a PRES nue MRIS CR 8 16 z w Snow Seconds 1 4 1 3 1 2 12 15 25 30 50 Inside 3 i gle 5 Glacier a aa head CCT Toe S lele pei 8 iste fete Total anil BOCEZE EJ LET Ele tlek Ojo A l lel 5 bl e S Sarez 1 BIS Jaa Elaa E as 21 E PRATA EPA A L les euaz Sicle we 3 Ziel 3 2 Minutes 1 iva 2 314 6 8 12 15 25 30 50 60 90 120 180 240 360 Kl ol Eyisa 8a 5 Talalelei Ss amp KS 2 amp Bees esas 2 S Elegies ss NENESE n1 PEER AKEE RIPI FIT HPRH S e lS g e How to use it em 1 B i e ae oF 2 y q AET at s o i i oe r D Take from Tables I to V the red numbers respectively the total sum of which u a a jo E m ZIRI Yp E pe 5 c a ot 5 gives in table VI the time of exposure e g intended exposure End of May It p
5. board closed b Brilliant view finder for use at waist level d Sighter not to be seen in the illustration e Focusing scale gg Knobs for pulling out the front carrying the lens Knob for actuating the rising front movement i Frame view finder Icono meter for use at eye ievel h k Spring for the retention of the focusing screen or the plate holder 1 Screw thread forthe tripod for horizontal exposures m Screw thread forthe tripod for vertical exposures not to be seen in the illustration p Knob for actuating the cross front movement s Struts locking the opened base board u Knob releasing the infinity position w Knob releasing the single extension y Locking device forthe rack and pinion knob for the focusing screw z z Knob actuating the rack and pinion movement ei BEFORE USING THE CAMERA Read the instructions carefully with the camera before you and make yourself familiar with all the various move ments shutter adjustments amp c By so doing you are less likely to make any mistakes when making your first exposures Do not use force No force need be applied in working any movements or adjustments of the camera or shutter All parts are care fully adjusted and tested and if any slight hitch occurs you may find that you are not handling the instrument quite correctly To open the camera Press on the concealed button a The base board will then spring ou
6. focusing or stand work the focusing screen should be used in preference to the scale Set the shutter on time and open it Give the lens full aperture to get as much light as possible on the screen Unfold the hood of the screen pull out screw z and by turning it move the lens forward till the picture on the ground glass becomes sharp The double Extension is useful in all cases where large figures are to appear in the picture and where the desired result is achieved either by approaching the object or by a variation of the focal length with the aid of supplementary lenses For use as supplementary lenses we recommend the Zeiss Distars and Proxars in conjunction witha Zeiss Tessar or a Dominar Anastigmat and the Zeiss Ikon Delta lenses with a Novar Distar and Delta lenses require a camera with a long double bellows extension they increase the focal length of the camera lens according to their different strengths at the highest nearly twice diminishing the image field while the objects contained in this field are enlarged Proxar lenses shorten the focal length of the camera lens and when used with a single extension camera show a larger image field while the objects contained in this field are reduced in size wide angle exposures AANA ia E a ewe BS Dh otis 1 Bape PRN i When used with a double extension they permit a much nearer approach from objective to object thus enlarging the object according to their differ
7. for speeds higher than 1 wth of a second When setting the shutter particularly when ZEISS using the delayed action release and higher IKON speeds it is advisable to exert a counter i pressure on the shutter bearer in order to Fel SS Ron ox G Jre sden avoid excessive wear of the mechanism and of the metal parts of the camera front Il 7071 10 732 Printed in Germany Din AG Bad C2355aE y Le aes h gt l gt 2 SA pee en we er ee ae re ee mpl tl E nee eee eek rae ee ee Maximer 912 cin aj t S a Spring catch for holding the base board closed b Brilliant view finder for use at waist level d Sighter not to be seen in the illustration e Focusing scale gpi Knobs for pulling out the front carrying the lens h Knob for actuating the rising front movement i Frame view finder Icono meter for use at eye level Pr saie pa ee a ead a ee k d pe t k Spring for the retention of the focusing screen or the plate holder i Screw thread for the tripod for horizontal exposures m Screw thread for the tripod for vertical exposures not to be seen in the illustration p Knob for actuating the cross front movement S Struts locking the opened base board Knob actuating the rack and pinion movement SME pra actin ene te eel aye Annes mle gee ee E Fe i a aa ER 2S ics A Frona 6 59 cm f s m a Spring catch for holding the base
8. may be made by depressing the lever D or by using the flexible release inserted at O The lens apertures or stops are altered by moving the small lever E the diaphragm scale will be found en graved on the plate immediately above lever E 13 Compur shutter gives Time Bulb and various instantaneous exposures _ For instantaneous exposures first of all set the diaphragm scale E to the stop aperture required then set the dial D with the letter M I against the pointer revolvethe dial R in the direction of the arrow from right to left never in the opposite direction or it will be damaged till the intended speed is opposite the indicator then depress the lever J and the shutter is set The exposure may be made by a pressure on the lever D or by using the flexible release inserted at O Long time exposures Set the dial T at Z T open the shutter by pressure on lever D or on the flexible release A second pressure closes the shutter Short time exposures Set the dial T at D B and open the shutter by pressure on release Immediately this pressure ceases the shutter will close Note The shutter is automatic for Time and Bulb exposures lever J becomes then locked and no attempt must be made to use it The lens apertures or stops are regulated by the small lever E the diaphragm scale and indicator will be found at the top of the shutter behind the dial R
9. pressure on the lever D or on the flexible release Lever D is used Instru ct1ons only for instantaneous exposures When the shutter is set for T or B this lever is locked Besides the engraved speeds of 1 1 2 1 5 1 10 1 25 1 50 and lioo of a second a speeds can be obtained c 7 ii by placing the index A between two of the engraved M C R This remark does not apply to speeds Diges i ax imar am eras than io th of a second The Iris diaphragm for Plates and Film Packs Set the diaphragm scale indicator E to the number re presenting the aperture of the iris it is desired to use POR E awe te st for using the When using the delayed 7 i action release proceed as follows i Trona Cameras Instantaneous Work with the delayed action re lease for speeds from 1 up to 1 100th of a second for Plates and Film Packs Set shutter as previously described by means of lever J with extra luminous lens Then push button F aside in the direction of the arrow i and move lever I a little farther on till it is arrested Zeiss Tessar F 3 5 a second time h A pressure on lever D will set the clock work of the de A layed action release in motion and after about 12 seconds j i Ooy ye the release will discharge the shutter at the set speed i Pg ah R oy fe i indicated on dial R i i p Ls T p ae G NOTE The delayed action release is not available for use with time exposures nor
10. the narrow side of the camera The wire frame is hinged on one side and is swung into position as required The sight a ee AE rae aR Te at ee eae pr manas Daat ee Sees is behind the wire frame and should be used as close to the eye as possible The advantages of the Iconometer finder when raising the camera above walls hedges and other ob stacles are obvious another point of importance is that the view is photographed at eye level Space used The for i brilliant vertical iew find The rising front movement The front is raised perpendicularly by the screw h This movement is very useful when photographing high buildings amp c or when it becomes necessary to reduce foreground The cross front movement has the same use for horizontal pictures and is moved by using the screw p With the Maximar 10x15 cm the cross movement of the objective is effected by loosening the screw t which must be tightened again to hold the front firmly in position The cross movement of the Maximar 10x15 cm Ve ovu USdUY Le aising OL Cross front the camera should be on a stand and the camera body must be always in a perfectly perpendicular position The Plate holders Plate holders of the single metal type and Film Pack adapters are used and fit in place of the focusing screen The plates must be inserted in the dark room but an examination of the holders should be made before load ing to see
11. ard Be careful that the cable release when being placed within the camera does not damage the bellows GENERAL SUGGESTIONS These suggestions apply generally to all plate cameras Keep camera and lens free from dust Dirt and dust are enemies of the photographer espe cially dust and especially to the user of a small camera Dust is particularly annoying not to say disastrous to good results in the case of small negatives For where in contact prints a few dust marks on the negative may do no harm when an enlargement is made every dust mark is enlarged and makes an ugly blemish on the print Be careful therefore frequently to dust out the inside of the camera with a clean lintless cloth or camel s hair brush or both The lenses should also be kept clean and should be unscrewed from their mounting occasionally and carefully and gently wiped off with a soft cloth an old but clean linen handkerchief is good and afterward dusted with a camel s hair brush Be very careful not to scratch the lenses Important to focus correctly It is a good plan to train one s ability at focusing before depending on the scale in actually making exposures With the camera on a tripod or other firm support open the lens and focus for various distances Select some object that you judge to be ten feet from the camera Be a set the focus by scale at ten feet and then see hy looking at the ground glass whether your guess w
12. as a good one Do this for longer and shorter distances verifying your judgment with a tape measure and after a little practice of this kind your ability to judge distances will be greatly improved Use of the film pack The pack provides perhaps the most convenient form of daylight loading film It is certainly more quickly loaded than roll film and the changing of film between expo sures is at least as quickly effected Then above all is the auvantage the pack affords of ground glass focu sing when desired this being particularly valuable in cameras whose long bellows extension can be used for close range work only when the operator can focus on the ground glass Certain characteristics of film pack must be borne in mind however and certain precautions observed to get best results Film does not and cannot be expected because of its flexible nature to present such a perfectly flat plane surface as does a glass plate Therefore it is advisable when using film packs to employ a rather smaller lens opening than would be used with a plate the added depth thus obtained compensating to a large degree for any slight uneveiiness in the film surface It is well also not to leave the slide out of the film pack holder any longer than necessary for this allows more air to reach the film If the air is warm and damp the film that is exposed to it will absorb moisture and will swell thus causing it to bulge out This may be o
13. ent strengths at the highest to nearly double its natural size While pressing the scale e to one side with the middle finger use index and thumb to pull out the lens carrier by the two pegs gg to the extreme end of the base runner as far as it will go and actuating the rack and pinion movement with the aid of the knurled head z focus sharply on the ground glass screen When pulling out the front of the Trona 6 59 cm seize the knobs gg with thumb and middle finger and at the same time exert pressure with the fourth finger on the knob w When using a supplementary lens focus at full aper ture of the diaphragm but except for portrait work reduce it for the exposure to get a good definition all over the plate and a better depth of focus With Trona camera and Tessar 1 3 5 the focusing has to be done very carefully as these extra luminous lenses have a limited depth of focus and the full opening should be used only for portraits highest speeds or very bad light conditions The finders The well known Brilliant or reflecting view finder calls for no special explanation It is normally in posi tion for a vertical picture and turns on a pivot for hori zontal pictures Take care that it is returned to its normal position before closing the camera In addition to the Brilliant finder the camera has a direct vision Iconometer view finder which consists of a wire frame at the front and peep sight at
14. ess likely to jar the camera than the trigger and the re flecting finder is usually better to use than the direct vision finder for comparatively slow exposures with the camera held in the hand Steady handed people are readily able to make as slow an exposure as or even 1 second without jarring the camera but is about as slow as most people are sure of without a firm sup port for the camera Use a tripod whenever you can There is no law against using the camera on a tripod It is really best to use a tripod or other firm support for even a very small camera when it is at all possible or convenient sm ET cha 2 ne A eee nb in eta ee te Automatic shutters Derval and Klio Derval for long and short time exposures and instantancous speeds of 1 25 1 50 and loth of a second Klio for long and short time exposures and instantancous speeds of 1 1 2 1 5 1 10 1 25 3 50 and J i0 th of a second Long Time exposures set the dial R at T Z open by pressure on lever D or preferably by the flexible release a second pressure closes the shutter Short Time exposures set the dial R at Band open the shutter by pressure on re lease immediately this pressure ceases the shutter will close Instantaneous exposures first of all set the diaphragm scale E to the stop or aperture required then set the dial R till the intended speed is opposite the indicator and the shutter is ready The exposure
15. exactly how the plates will be inserted A spring with two tongues is pressed back with the thumb the plate is then inserted by slipping under the rebate at the other end and pressed against while the spring is released The two tongues then cover the plate and keep it in position The Exposure After having finished focusing remove the focusing screen by means of catch k and insert the plate holder Regulate lens opening and shutter speed according to the efficient circumstances page 13 16 and remove the sheath of the plate holder Take care not to touch the release till the very mo ment of exposure Expose by pressure on the release Return the sheath into the plate holder take this off and replace the focusing screen Closing the camera _ As each part and fitting is placed in the smallest space possible it is necessary to see that everything is in its normal position before attempting to close the camera Then press on the two knobs gg and the focusing scale e push back the front as far as it will go till itis locked by the spring knob g and by depressing the two side struts s push the base board against the camera body till it is locked by spring catch a if it does not close easely do not use force look again and make sure that the parts are in their proper positions the brilliant view finder in position for vertical pictures the front in the position marked by white dots z or y pushed inw
16. ight from windows on two sides to 1 second Interior view well lighted by two or more windows light not shut off by trees or other objects 2 to 10 seconds In the case of interior views it is usually advisable for the sake of depth securing both near and distant objects sharply focused to use a stop not larger than F 16 and lengthen the exposure accordingly Remember that 11 each successively smaller stop requires a doubling of the exposure so that with F 16 a well lighted room would require an exposure of 12 seconds to 1 minute Most interiors require a much longer exposure than that Overexposure isn t nearly so much to be feared as underexposure in the great majority of subjects Fortunately for the photographer who cannot always determine the absolutely correct exposure for the parti cular subject the plate or film provides considerable latitude If the right exposure for a given subject were let us say one second probably anything from half a second to four seconds would give a very satisfactory result Camera should be held steady Much of the amateur photographer s trouble can be traced to an unsteadiness of the camera at the instant of exposure This results inevitably in a blurring of the details in the picture It is especially important in the case of small negatives from which enlargements may be desired that the camera be very steady when the exposure is made The use of the flexible release is l
17. p The npe indicated in this chart apply e elena eel ili pc i follows ae EES a In the North from 300 septentrional latitude as for kiami Europe Siberia China Japan North Africa U S A Canada In the South from 30 meridional latitude as for ata ital Argentine Chili The Cape Southern Australia ee F Take one half of the values obtained by means of this 4 table for the following countries At the Equator and northward as far as 300 septentrional a as for example Mexico Sudan India February March in the months of January December November October at the Equator and southward as far as 300 meridional latitude as for example Ecuador Venezuela Brasil Bolivia Peru South Africa Central and North Australia especially t to countries situated Tite PE APENE ce A chi AE r S A a SS a OC a e ations TTI wes E wz r a Ra Bews v in the months of June May April July August September A r eee 7 J a A i Flash light table i re indicating the quantity of powder to be used in gramms for dry plates ae x Scheiner 18 Take half for 210 Scheiner and double for 140 Scheiner 4 e Distance Diaphragm f from flash p to object F 4 F 5 6 F 8 F 11 F 16 F 22 a F 4 5 F 6 3 F 9 F 125 F 18 F 25 1 00 0 15 0 30 0 60 1 2 2 5 5 0 om 1 50 0 22 0 44 0 90 1 8 3 5 7 0
18. t and should be drawn down till it snaps into position by means of the side struts s Focusing The bellows should be extended by griping knobs gg between forefinger and thumb pressing them towards each other and pulling the standard front out till stopped by the infinity catch co The lens is now in position for photographing objects at distances surpassing those marked on the scale To focus on nearer objects measure or estimate the distance as accurately as possible then draw out knob z and by turning it move the index which glides over the focusing scale upon the number which corresponds to the distance Then fix the extension by pushing knob z inward With the Trona Camera 9x12 cm draw out the lock y in order to be able to turn the knob z and secure the front by pushing the catch inwards iene ay Spe tw 2 ETa r 5 Se o E OOA AROE ee E With the Trona Camera 6 5x9 cm the lock y is not pulled out but simply swivelled outwards and in wards Furthermore when desiring to photograph at near distances with this camera it is necessary to release the infinity catch by exerting pressure on the knob u The focusing can be done also without using knob z by pressing with one hand the scale e inward and drawing the front forward with the other hand till the edge of the pointer which runs over the scale rests on the number which corresponds to the distance from the object For very accurate
19. vercome to a certain extent by changing the film that is drawing a new section into position just be fo re instead of just after the exposure If the film pack holder slide is withdrawn before the bellows is extended the suction caused by extending the bellows is apt to cause the film to bulge S SSS S _ _ SS a ay E ara D EXPOSURE SUGGESTIONS Right exposure lies at the very foundation of all success ful photography The following are exposures for com mon subjects that will probably be not far out of the way They are calculated for a lens opening of F 6 3 and should give fairly full light action on fast film or plates Each succeeding larger hi ng requires only half the exposure of the foregoing i e if F 6 3 works at tfa Of a second F 4 5 will do the same at iop and F 3 5 at 1 oq9 Outdoors Intense sunlight no shadow detail required such as open landscapes or views on the water second Bright sunkieht open view but some shadow detail required second Open view in light that would be called cloudy bright or view with near objects lighted by sun but containing more or less shadow details which should be plainly shown to 1 second Under trees or on a porch where principal part of view is in shadow whether partly illuminated by direct sunlight or not to 1 second Indoors Portrait near window well lighted and using reflector or having l
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