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Tektronix TDS 420 User's Manual

1. E Math f change Math waveform definition so crce acas ue ce E 6c cs hee caa bei oe xoa RID bna war E ao 4xor BioIeeiaefeeie negeepeeeeM eese enHME inae ied E EEEE rene Ie afe nr I ndo tente Ree Math3 ER inv Ch7 e Figure 3 48 More Menu For More See Sefecting Channels on page 3 89 Information 3 88 Reference Selecting Channels The selected channel is the channel that the digitizing oscilloscope applies all waveform specific activities to such as measurements or vertical scale and position Channel Readout The channel readout shows the selected channel in inverse video in the and Reference lower left corner of the display The channel reference indicator for the Indicator selected channel appears along the left side of the display See Figure 3 49 Ez fi nm sm T s niat x REI 1 Run 100kS s Sample save Current Setup To Setup i E user To Setup 2 factory Channel Reference n ees To Setup3 Indicator factory To setup Channel Readout 4 Factory Setup Figure 3 49 The Channel Readout Channel Selection Selecting channels on the TDS 400 series oscilloscopes is straightforward Buttons ET On the TDS 420 and TDS 460 the channel selection buttons are on the right of the display and are labeled CH 1 CH 2 CH 3 CH 4 and MORE On the TDS 410 the channel selection buttons
2. fem 4 M sosus Chi 280mv OK T Confirm Factory init 200mV 0 Factory Setup Figure 1 12 The Display After Pressing Autoset 1 12 Getting Started TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Example 1 Displaying a Waveform NOTE If the corners on your displayed signal look rounded or pointed see Figure 1 13 then you may need to compensate your probe The Probe Compensation section on page 3 67 explains how to do that JUL FUL Figure 1 13 Display Signals Requiring Probe Compensation Example 2 Multiple Waveforms In this example you learn how to display and control more than one wave form at a time Adding a Waveform The VERTICAL section of the front panel contains the channel selection buttons On the TDS 420 and TDS 460 Digitizing Oscilloscope they are CH 1 CH 2 CH 3 CH 4 and MORE Figure 1 14 On the TDS 410 they are CH 1 CH 2 and MORE JPEEENEENE VERTICAL an Figure 1 14 The Channel Buttons and Lights Each of the channel CH buttons has a light beside its label Right now the CH 1 light is on to indicate the vertical controls are set to adjust channel 1 The following steps add a waveform to the display 1 If you are not continuing from the previous example follow the instruc tions on page 1 6 under the heading Setting Up for the Examples 2 Press SETUP Recall Factory Setup main OK Confirm Factory Init side
3. R S button Sources Limit Test Figure 3 2 Acquisition Menu and Readout TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 5 Acquisition Modes Operation To bring up the acquisition menu Figure 3 2 press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU Acquisition Mode To choose how the digitizing oscilloscope creates points in the waveform record Press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU Mode main gt Sample Peak Detect Hi Res Envelope or Average side When you select Envelope or Average you can enter the number of wave form records to be enveloped or averaged using the general purpose knob NOTE If you selected the longest record length available in the Horizontal menu then you cannot select Hi Res as your acquisition mode This is because Hi Res mode uses twice the acquisition memory that the other acquisition modes use If Hi Res and the longest horizontal record length are selected at the same time the oscillo scope will run out of memory Repetitive Signal To limit the digitizing oscilloscope to real time sampling or let it choose between real time or equivalent time sampling Press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU Repetitive Signal main gt ON or OFF side ON uses both the real time and the equivalent time features of the digitizing oscilloscope a OFF Real Time Only limits the digitizing oscilloscope to real time sampling If the digitizing oscilloscope cannot accurately get enough samples for a complete waveform the oscill
4. Save Recall Setup Menu see page 3 84 Save Hecall Waveform Menu see page 3 86 Status Menu STATUS see page 3 93 HELP TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual SAVE RECALI WAVEFORM At a Glance To bring up these menus 30mV uoidoft i nc MOGO C Polarity amp Video Custonm Negative Hoidoff Select HighH L6W AME REMOVE Gating Reference Measrmnt Measrmnt j setup Leveis Snapshot for chi OFF H stogram Math 3 Ch2 Chi Ch2 Invicht i Reca Current ave Factory Setup 3 j ENTIS NX Recail Waveform Math Waveform f Status snapshot Trigger At a Glance Press these buttons Utility Menu Calibration see page Utility Menu Config see pages Utility Menu Diagnostics see the Service manual Utility Menu I O see page 3 76 Vertical Channel Menu see page 3 98 Zoom Menu see page 3 110 2 10 UTILITY DISPLAY UTILITY DISPLAY UTILITY SP LAY UTILITY DISPLAY VERTICAL MENU System To bring up these menus MN R E Execute tilia configure c0 I trud m s Sern im bandwidth FE Scale position aa Zoom factors Operating Basics Trigger Sources Triggering This section describes the edge trigger of the main trigger system and explores in a general sense the topic of triggering This oscilloscope also
5. FOR CONTINUED FIRE PROTECTION REI SPECIFIED TYPE AND RATING BERVICINO TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL Hes INSTRUMENT 44 r BE de ME es MORE e wu S OR FORIKGGN PA ENTS OB P amp TENT APPLICA F305 1 Load ANEORMATION AVAIL RE ms fit N 1 FUSE f250V 1EC 27 4 Ha a FLAME ih ALX TRIGGER FE VIDEO VGA AUX TRIGGER Serial Number Principal Power Switch Compatible Connector Provides auxiliary trigger page 1 3 page A 43 2 4 Operating Basics At a Glance Display Map When present the general The value entered with purpose knob makes coarse The acquisition Trigger position T the general purpose adjustments when absent status page 3 2 page 3 94 knob fine adjustments JR 250kS s P Trigger Level 220mV 1 desee marini rtm rs hs ehh E rs rs ee ee pae hende n 1 i The waveform indicates position of record icon vertical bar cursors in the waveform record page 3 98 When the general purpose knob is activated the knob icon appears here Shows what part of the waveform record is displayed page 3 40 yanana rg ranm rreren marna A r Trigger Level 220mV M QNNM Tan T ne Coarse K i 4 Cursor measuremenis page 3 11 Trigger level on waveform may be an arrow at right side of screen instead of a bar ome p decem RPM PB PERS DEG Rej Set to TTL Jaap ba Pe pa dag Gapped ee The side menu Lo 44 JA dc pb ded ub od 3 5L 3 serto
6. Remove Measrmnt main gt Measurement 1 Mea surement 2 and Measurement 4 side to remove those measurements Leave the rise time measurement displayed By default the measurement system will use the 10 and 90 levels of the waveform for taking the rise time measurement You can change these values to other percentages or change them to absolute voltage levels To examine the current values press Reference Levels main High Ref side The General Purpose Knob The general purpose knob the large knob is now set to adjust the high reference level Figure 1 19 High Ref 90 j Set Levels y in E units o ch kei ga Tow utate M etup Reference i Histogram ii Figure 1 19 General Purpose Knob indicators There are several important things to observe on the screen s The knob icon appears at the top of the screen That indicates that the genera purpose knob has just been set to adjust a parameter Getting Started Displaying a Snapshot of Automated Measurements Example 3 Automated Measurements x The upper right corner of the screen shows the readout High Ref 90 m The High Ref side menu item is highlighted and a box appears around the 9096 readout in the High Ref menu item The box indicates that the general purpose knob is currently set to adjust that parameter Turn the general purpose knob left and right and then use it to adjust the high level to 80 That sets the high measurement r
7. TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 27 Edge Triggering Rum 100KkS s Sample Edge Slope 4 M S00us Chi S P Coupling i DC i GV Figure 3 15 Main Trigger Menu Edge Type Coupling To select the coupling you want Press TRIGGER MENU Type main gt Edge pop up gt Cou pling main DC AC HF Rei LF Rej or Noise Rej side DC a AC OG m A KaT 3 28 DC passes all of the input signal In other words it passes both AC and DC components to the trigger circuit AC passes only the alternating components of an input signal above 30 Hz It removes the DC component from the trigger signal HF Rej removes the high frequency portion of the triggering signal That allows only the low frequency components to pass on to the triggering system to start an acquisition High frequency reiection attenuates signals above 30 kHz LF Rej does the opposite of high frequency rejection Low frequency rejection attenuates signals below 80 kHz Noise Rej provides lower sensitivity It requires additional signal ampli tude for stable triggering reducing the chance of falsely triggering on noise Reference Edge Triggering Slope To select the slope that the edge trigger occurs on 1 Press the TRIGGER MENU Type main Edge pop up Slope main to select the slope for the edge trigger 4 2 Alternatives for slope are the rising and falling edges L evel Press the TRIG
8. This is called the gated region 1 Press MEASURE Gating main Gate with V Bar Cursors side see Figure 3 28 Run iind Sampie 2 02ms 123ms j chr mpl 58dmV E Gate with HV Bar Cursors T c e ie 4 L pPePeiee6Beejeeeme Remove OWT Reference o Measrmnt Levels Snapshot Figure 3 28 Measure Menu Gating 2 Using the general purpose knob move the selected the active cursor Press TOGGLE to change which cursor is active Displaying the cursor menu and turning V Bar cursors off does not turn gating off Gating arrows remain on screen to indicate the area over which the measurement is gated You must turn gating off in the Gating side menu 3 54 Reference Measurement System NOTE Cursors are displayed relative to the selected waveform If you are making a measurement using two waveforms this can be a source of confusion If you turn off horizontal locking and adjust the hori zontal position of one waveform independent of the other the cursors appear at the requested position with respect to the se lected waveform Gated measurements remain accurate but the displayed positions of the cursors change when you change the selected waveform High Low Setup The High Low Setup item provides two choices for how the oscilloscope determines the High and Low levels of waveforms These are histogram and min max
9. Vii Date Time On hardcopies 3 33 To set 3 34 DC coupling 2 15 G 3 DC Main Trigger menu 3 28 Delay by Events Delayed Trigger menu 3 79 Delay by Lines Video Trigger menu 3 103 Delay by Time Delayed Trigger menu 3 79 Delay by Time Video Trigger menu 3 103 Deiay by Delayed Trigger menu 3 79 Delay measurement 3 56 G 3 Delay time G 3 Delay To Measure Delay menu 3 56 Delayed Only Horizontal menu 3 17 Delayed Runs After Main Horizontal menu 3 17 3 42 Delayed Scale Horizontal menu 3 42 DELAYED TRIG button 3 78 Delayed trigger 3 16 3 21 Delayed Trigger menu 3 78 3 27 Chi Ch2 3 79 Coupling 3 20 Delay by 3 79 Delay by Events 3 79 Delay by Time 3 19 Falling edge 3 20 Level 3 20 Rising edge 3 20 Set to 50 3 27 Set to ECL 3 20 Set to TTL 3 20 Slope 3 20 Source 3 19 Delayed Triggerable Horizontal menu 3 18 3 42 Delete Refs Save Recall Waveform menu 3 87 Deskjet 3 37 Deskjet Hardcopy menu 3 32 Differential active probes 3 71 Digitizing G 3 Digitizing rate 7 2 Display 2 5 3 9 Options 3 22 3 26 Record View 3 96 System G 3 Display T Trigger Point Display menu 3 23 DISPLAY button 3 22 Display menu 3 22 Contrast 3 23 Cross Hair 3 25 Display T Trigger Point 3 23 Dots 3 22 Dots style 3 45 Filter 3 24 Format 3 25 Frame 3 25 Full 3 25 Graticule 3 25 Grid 3 25 infinite Persistence 3 23 intensified Samples
10. i To Setup factory Chi zoomy BE To mv W soous Chi x 280mV more Reca Factory Setup Figure 1 21 Save Recall Setup Menu 7 Press one of the To Setup side menu buttons to store the current instru ment settings into that setup location Remember which setup location you selected for use later There are more setup locations than can be listed at one time in the side menu The more side menu item gives you access to all the setup locations Once you have saved a particular setup you can change the settings as you wish knowing that you can come back to that setup at any time Tn 8 Press MEASURE Positive Width side to add that measurement to the display Recalling a Setup To recall the setup Press SETUP Recall Saved Setup main Recall Setup side for the setup location you used in the last exercise The positive width measurement is now removed from the display because you selected it after you saved the setup This completes Getting Started You can restore the default settings by pressing SETUP Recall Factory Setup main gt OK Confirm Factory Init side 1 24 Getting Started Overview This section describes the basic concepts of operating the digitizing oscillo scope Understanding the basic concepts of your digitizing oscilloscope helps you use it much more effectively The first part At a Glance quickly shows you how the oscilloscope is orga nized and g
11. with choices of and waveform a bok DU qp m qr specific actions source Each channel s Wd 220mViy vertical scale page 3 98 Trigger a parameters evel 06 page 3 96 dM oldott The main menu with Horizontal scale and time choices of major actions base type page 3 40 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 5 At a Glance To Operate a Menu 1 Press front panel menu button ee gee ee ARA EMEN Y d vm c e c uev au dp dv MM CM RE uadit P Tektronix TDS 460 NE DSGLLOBCOPE ME ZEIRECAL APPLICATION fF MENUT ADRIENN sc hice EMITE DUM go HaroooPy CRUNSTOP 2 Press one of these buttons to select from main menu 3 Press one of these buttons to select from side menu if displayed 4 If side menu item has an adjustable value shown in reverse video adjust it with the general purpose knob 2 6 Operating Basics To Operate a Pop Up Menu At a Glance gs BI A nun Tektronix TDS 460 ts DIGITIZING OSCILLOSCOPE Run 1 80MS s Sample Custom Press to display pop ups Press it again to make selection A pop up selection changes the other main menu titles TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual fog hf sl Pip pA hl dl yA gl PNIS JEFE nfl Hf HERES EP NT PE PEE MOMS em Interlace OFF e We fe sol o Meet stggoss ose usngegeos oosqossgegeegesoqenddea B cocgsomen mmssnmangsngsannae ogegegesssomopege
12. 2 16 2 17 2 17 2 18 2 19 2 22 2 24 2 26 eal 3 3 3 5 3 7 3 11 3 12 3 13 3 14 iii Figure 3 8 Delayed Runs After Main sees eee 3 16 Figure 3 9 Delayed iriggerable 00 0 cece eee eee 3 16 Figure 3 10 How the Delayed Triggers Work Gace dris 3 18 Figure 3 11 Delayed Trigger Menu 00 ccc cece eee ee 3 20 Figure 3 12 Display Menu Style 0 0 0 eee ee eee 3 22 Figure 3 13 Trigger Point and Level Indicators 3 24 Figure 3 14 Edge Trigger Readouts 0 0 ee eee 3 27 Figure 3 15 Main Trigger Menu Edge Type s 3 28 Figure 3 16 Utility Menu System I O 2 0 00 ce eee eee 3 32 Figures Haldcoby FOLIIS sea 3 33 Figure 3 18 Date and Time Display sees 3 34 Figure 3 19 Connecting the Digitizing Oscilloscope Directly to ine Hardeapy DEVICE u a 3 36 Figure 3 20 Connecting the Digitizing Oscilloscope and Hardcopy Device Via a Converter 0 ec ee 3 36 Figure 3 21 Connecting the Digitizing Oscilloscope and Hardcopy Device Vid d PO ce ted eiecttadewsae i gies 3 37 Figure 3 22 Initial Help Screen 2 cece ee eee 3 39 Figure 3 235 Honzontal Conos arena 3 40 Figure 3 24 Record View and Time Base Readouts 3 41 Figure 3 25 Acquire Menu Create Limit Test Template 3 45 Figure 3 26 Measurement Readouts 2 2000s eee 3 52 Figure 3 27 Measure Manu u pre R RR wee
13. 3 22 intensity 3 23 Linear interpolation 3 24 Overall 3 23 Readout 3 23 Sin x x interpolation 3 24 Style 3 22 Text Grat 3 23 Trigger Bar 3 23 Variable Persistence 3 23 Vectors 3 22 Waveform 3 23 index XY 3 25 YT 3 25 Dots 3 22 Dots styie Dispiay menu 3 45 Dots Display menu 3 22 Dual Wim Math More menu 3 708 Dual lead adapter 3 66 Duty cycle 1 19 G 5 G 6 E Edge trigger 2 12 3 27 G 3 Readout 3 27 Edge Main Trigger menu 3 27 3 97 Edges Measure Delay menu 3 57 empty Saved waveform status 3 86 Encapsulated Postscript 3 37 Envelope acquisition mode 3 4 G 3 Envelope Acquire menu 3 6 EPS Color Hardcopy menu 3 32 EPS Image Hardcopy menu 3 32 EPS Mono Hardcopy menu 3 32 Epson 3 37 Epson Hardcopy menu 3 32 Equivalent time sampling 2 79 Equivalent time sampling random G 3 F Factory initialization settings A 39 A 42 factory Saved setup status 3 84 Fall time 3 50 G 3 Falling edge Delayed Trigger menu 3 20 Falling edge Main Trigger menu 3 29 Fields See Video Fields Filter Display menu 3 24 Fine Scale Vertical menu 3 100 Firmware version 3 93 Fixtured active probes 3 71 FORCE TRIG button 3 95 Format Display menu 3 25 Format Hardcopy menu 3 32 Frame Display menu 3 25 Frequency 1 19 3 50 G 3 Front Cover A 7 Front panel 2 3 Full Display menu 3 25 Full Vertical menu 3 700 Function Cursor menu 3 73 3 74 Fuse 1
14. 3 44 Cursor 3 73 Delayed Trigger 3 18 3 21 Display 3 22 Horizontal 3 17 Main 2 5 Main Trigger 3 27 3 97 Measure 2 9 3 52 3 58 More 2 9 3 87 3 107 Operation 2 6 Pop up 2 7 G 6 Save Recall 3 84 Save Recail Setup 2 9 Save Recall Waveform 2 9 3 86 Setup 7 7 Status 3 93 status 2 9 Utility 2 10 3 31 3 78 Video Trigger 3 101 Mid Ref Measure menu 3 56 Mid2 Ref Measure menu 3 56 Min Max Measure menu 3 55 Minimum 3 50 G 5 Mode Cursor 2 27 2 28 Mode amp Holdoff Main Trigger menu 3 30 Mode amp Holdoff Video Trigger menu 3 106 Mode Acquire menu 3 6 Modei number location 2 2 MORE button 3 45 3 87 3 89 3 107 More menu 2 9 3 87 3 107 Change Math waveform defini tion 3 708 Dual Wim Math 3 708 Math1 2 3 3 107 OK Create Math Waveform 3 708 Reference waveform status 3 87 Set 1st Source to 3 709 Set 2nd Source to 3 709 Set Function to 3 108 Set operator to 3 709 Set Single Source to 3 708 Single Wfm Math 3 708 N Neg Sync Video Trigger menu 3 703 Negative duty cycle 3 50 Negative overshoot 3 50 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Index Negative width 3 50 Noise Rej Main Trigger menu 3 28 Nominal Traits Defined A 70 Listed A 70 Noninterlaced Both Fields Video Trigger menu 3 104 Normal trigger mode 2 14 G 6 Normal Main Trigger menu 3 30 Normal Video Trigger menu 3 706 NTSC Video Standard 2 13 NTSC Video T
15. 3 50 G 5 Mean 3 50 G 5 MEASURE button 3 52 Measure Delay menu Create Measrmni 3 58 Delay To 3 56 Edges 3 57 Measure Delay To 3 56 OK Create Measurement 3 58 Measure Delay To Measure Delay menu 3 56 Measure menu 2 9 3 52 3 58 Gating 3 54 High Ref 3 56 High Low Setup 3 55 Histogram 3 55 Low Ref 3 56 Mid Ref 3 56 Mid2 Ref 3 56 Min Max 3 55 Reference Levels 3 55 Remove Measrmnt 3 53 3 59 Select Measrmnt 3 52 3 56 Set Levels in 96 units 3 55 Snapshot 3 58 Measurement Amplitude 3 49 G 1 Area 3 49 G 1 Burst width 3 49 G 2 Cycle area 3 49 G 2 Cycle mean 3 49 G 2 Cycle RMS 3 49 G 2 Delay 3 56 G 3 Duty cycle 1 19 G 5 G 6 Fall time 3 50 Frequency 1 19 3 50 G 3 Gated G 3 High 3 50 G 4 Low 3 50 G 5 Maximum 3 50 G 5 Mean 3 50 G 5 Minimum 3 50 G 5 Negative duty cycie 3 50 Negative overshoot 3 50 Negative width 3 50 Overshoot G 7 Peak to peak 3 50 G 6 Period 3 57 G 6 Phase 3 50 G 6 Positive duty cycle 3 57 Positive overshoot 3 57 Positive width 3 51 Propagation delay 3 50 Readout 3 52 Reference levels 1 20 Rise time 1 19 3 51 G 7 RMS 3 57 G 7 Undershoot G 6 Width 1 79 G 6 G 7 Measurement Accuracy Ensuring maximum 3 9 1 3 92 Measurements 2 26 2 28 3 49 3 59 Algorithms A 24 A 36 Automated 1 18 2 28 Cursor 2 27 3 11 Gated 3 54 Graticule 2 26 Snapshot of 3 58 Memory Waveform 3 87 Menu Acquire 3 6
16. Change Math waveform definition More menu 3 708 Channel 3 89 3 90 G 2 Readout 2 5 3 89 Heference Indicator 2 5 Selection buttons 1 74 3 89 Trigger input 2 71 2 12 Channel readout 2 5 Channel reference indicator G 2 Circuit loading G 2 CLEAR MENU button 1 10 1 19 2 2 2 7 3 58 Compact to miniature probe tip adapter 3 65 A 7 Compare Ch1 to Acquire menu 3 46 Compare Ch2 to Acquire menu 3 46 Compensation 3 67 Configure Utility menu 3 32 3 78 Connector BNC A 6 GPIB 2 4 3 77 Contrast Display menu 3 23 Conventions x Coupling 1 15 AC 2 15 DC 2 15 Ground G 4 input Signal 2 20 2 27 Trigger 2 75 Coupling Delayed Trigger menu 3 20 Coupling Main Trigger menu 3 28 Coupling Vertical menu 3 99 Create Limit Test Template Acquire menu 3 44 Create Measrmnt Measure Delay menu 3 58 Cross Hair Display menu 3 25 Current probes 3 72 Cursor Horizontal bar 2 27 3 11 Measurements 2 27 Mode 2 27 2 28 independent 2 27 2 28 Tracking 2 28 Paired 2 27 3 11 Vertical bar 2 27 3 11 CURSOR button 3 73 Cursor menu 3 13 1 seconds Hz 3 75 Function 3 73 3 14 H Bars 3 73 3 14 independent 3 74 seconds 3 75 Time Units 3 74 Tracking 3 74 Cursor Readouts 3 72 Cursor Speed 3 75 Cursors 2 27 3 11 3 15 G 2 Custom Video Trigger menu 3 102 Cycle area 3 49 G 2 Cycle mean 3 49 G 2 Cycle RMS 3 49 G 2 D DANGER statement on equipment
17. If the date and time are not set a message instructing you to do so is displayed If that is the case skip steps 3 and 4 and continue with step 5 Press Clear Menu to remove the menu from the display so the date and time can be displayed See Figure 3 18 The date and time is removed from the display when menus are displayed Press HARDCOPY to print your date time stamped hardcopy If you need to set the date and time of the oscilloscope Press SHIFT UTILITY Config pop up Set Date amp Time main Year Day Month Hour or Minute Figure 3 18 Date and Time Display Use the general purpose knob to set the parameter you have chosen to the value desired Hepeat steps 5 and 6 to set other parameters as desired Press OK Enter Date Time side to put the new settings into effect This sets the seconds to zero Reference Connection Strategies Hardcopy NOTE When setting the clock you can set to a time slightly later than the current time and wait for it to catch up When current time catches up to the time you have set pressing Ok Enter Date Time side synchronizes the set time to the current t me 9 Press CLEAR MENU to see the date time displayed with the new set tings 10 Press HARDCOPY to print your date time stamped hardcopy The ability of the digitizing oscilloscope to print a copy of its display in many formats see page 3 31 gives you flexibility in choosing a hardcopy device It al
18. If you turn off a channel that is a trigger source it continues to be the trigger source even though the waveform is not displayed See Saving and Recalling Waveforms on page 3 86 See Waveform Math on page 3 107 3 90 Reference Operation c Signal Path Compensation Signal Path Compensation SPC minimizes electrical offsets in the vertical horizontal and trigger amplifiers caused by changes in ambient temperature and component aging This allows you to make accurate measurements over a wide ambient temperature range You should run an SPC anytime you wish to ensure that the measurements you make are made with the most accuracy possible You should also run an SPC if the temperature has changed more than 5 C since the last SPC was performed Also run SPC before performing the Performance Verifica tion and the Adjustment Procedures NOTE When making measurements at volts division settings less than or equal to 5 mV you must run SPC at least once per week Failure to do so may result in the oscilloscope not meeting warranted per formance levels at those volts div settings Warranted characteris tics are listed in Appendix B Power on the digitizing oscilloscope and ailow a 20 minute warm up before doing this procedure Disconnect any input signalis you may have connected from all input channels STU When doing steps 3 and 4 do not turn off the oscilloscope until signal path compensation completes
19. Over 33 2 Over 15 High gt 488mV Low 16mv Max 3G4mvV Min 24my Ampl 904 mv Pk PK 52 amp mV Mean 137 2mV CycMean 123 6ntV RMS 270 4mV CyCRMS 258 0mV Area 684 40p s Be f Seiec Mensen iemove for Ch FRE seven mms cies aT MEGA Gets OFF up His t ram Figure 3 31 Snapshot Menu and Readout To use snapshot obtain a stable display of the waveform to be measured Pressing AUTOSET may help 1 Press MEASURE gt SNAPSHOT main 3 58 Reference 2 3 Measurement System Press either SNAPSHOT main or AGAIN side to take another snap shot Note the snapshot display tells you the channel that the snapshot is being made oh Push Remove Measrmnt Considerations When Taking Snapshots Be aware of the following items when using snapshot Be sure to display the waveform properly before taking a snapshot Snapshot does not warn you if a waveform is improperly scaled clipped low signal amplitude low resolution etc To vary the source for taking a snapshot simply select another channel math or ref memory waveform and then execute snapshot again A snapshot is taken on a single waveform acquisition or acquisition sequence The measurements in the snapshot display are not continu ously updated Be careful when taking automatic measurements on noisy signals You might measure the frequency of the noise and not the desired wave form Note th
20. The delayed time base like the main time base requires a trigger signal and an input source dedicated to that signal You can only use delay with the edge trigger There are two different ways to delay the acquisition of waveforms delayed runs after main and delayed triggerable Only delayed triggerable uses the delayed trigger system Delayed runs after main looks for a main trigger then waits a user defined time and then starts acquiring see Figure 3 8 Wait for Wait u iz Acquire B Main User Specified M Data Trigger Time 5 5 Figure 3 8 Delayed Runs After Main Delayed triggerable looks for a main trigger and then depending on the type of delayed trigger selected makes one of the three types of delayed triggerable mode acquisitions listed below see Figure 3 9 Acquire Data E Wait User Specified Time or Number 1 t of Delayed Trigger Events Wait for Delay Trigger Event MABI E S AA A N N C o RN eae aR a ERERERREEROOOCOC D MNDOOO ggg MEM SL M L lll ll l lJJB2 QV IQ COOQaAU COL E Rt tt FR Re date etat te lets Figure 3 9 Delayed Triggerable M After Time waits the user specified time then waits for the next delayed trigger event then acquires w After Events waits for the specified number of delayed trigger events and then acquires The digitizing oscilloscope is always acquiring samples to fili the pretrigger part of the waveform reco
21. any measurement in the snapshot display you can select and display the measurement individually and then check for a warning message A 36 Appendices Appendix D Packaging for Shipment If you ship the digitizing oscilloscope pack it in the original shipping carton and packing material If the original packing material is not available pack age the instrument as follows 1 Obtain a corrugated cardboard shipping carton with inside dimensions at least 15 cm 6 in taller wider and deeper than the digitizing oscillo scope The shipping carton must be constructed of cardboard with 170 kg 375 pound test strength If you are shipping the digitizing oscilloscope to a Tektronix field office for repair attach a tag to the digitizing oscilloscope showing the instru ment owner and address the name of the person to contact about the instrument the instrument type and the serial number Wrap the digitizing oscilloscope with polyethylene sheeting or equivalent material to protect the finish Cushion the digitizing oscilloscope in the shipping carton by tightly packing dunnage or urethane foam on ali sides between the carton and the digitizing oscilloscope Allow 7 5 cm 3 in on all sides top and bottom Seal the shipping carton with shipping tape or an industrial stapler TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 37 Appendix D Packaging for Shipment A 38 Appendices Settings Appendix E Factory Initiali
22. came with your probe Figure 3 34 shows both standard and optional probe accessories and how they attach to your probe These accessories either reduce ground lead inductance or make it physi cally easier to probe different kinds of circuits Standard probe accessories include the following items Retractable Hook Tip The retractable hook tip attaches to your signal test point for hands free operation of the probe The hook tip attaches to components having leads such as resistors capacitors and discrete semiconductors You can also grip stripped wire jumpers busses and test pins with the retractable hook For maximum flexibility with the hook tip use one of the six inch ground leads For precise measurements at high frequency however long ground leads may have too much inductance in these cases you can use one of the low inductance probe tip configurations instead To remove the hook tip simply pull it off the probe Reinstall it by pushing it firmly onto the ribbed ferrule of the probe tip see Figure 3 34 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manuai 3 61 Probe Accessories Marker Ring Standard Marker Ring Standard Compact to Miniature S Probe Tip Adapter y Optional iC Protector Tip A docu d Probe Tip to Circuit Board Adapter Standard Dual Lead Adapter gt Optional PUN Probe Tip to Chassis Qu Adapter Optional E Slip on Yo Ground Lead Standard I Alli
23. m Histogram sets the values statistically It selects the most common value either above or below the mid point depending on whether it is defining the high or low reference level Since this statistical approach ignores short term aberrations overshoot ringing etc histogram is the best setting for examining pulses m Min max uses the highest and lowest values of the waveform record This setting is best for examine waveforms that have no large flat por tions at a common value such as sine wave and triangle waves almost any waveform except for pulses To use the high low setup Press MEASURE High Low Setup main Histogram or Min Max side If you select Min Max you may also want to check and or revise values using the Reference Levels main menu Reference Levels Once you define the reference levels the digitizing oscilloscope uses them for ail measurements requiring those levels To set the reference levels 1 Press MEASURE Reference Levels main Set Levels side to choose whether the References are set in relative to High 10096 and Low 0 or set explicitly in the units of the selected waveform typically volts See Figure 3 29 Use the general purpose knob to enter the values m is the default selection It is useful for general purpose applica tions m Units is helpful for setting precise values For example if you are trying to measure specifications on an RS 232 C circuit you can set
24. t T e 4 Scan Rate amp Interlace Rate EET Rate 2 4 20 25KH2 i Rate 3 25 35KHz Rate 4 el 38 64KH2 i i Polarity Negative Figure 3 61 Video Trigger Scan Rate amp Interlace TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 105 Video Triggering For More Information 3 106 Mode amp Holdoff You can change the holdoff time and select the trigger mode using this menu item See Triggering on page 2 11 for more details on mode and holdoff Press the TRIGGER MENU Mode amp Holdoff main gt Auto or Normal side see Figure 3 62 In Auto mode the oscilloscope acquires a waveform even if a trigger does not occur e in Normal mode the oscilloscope acquires a waveform only if there is a valid trigger Run 1 90MS s Sample Holdoff 50 i T 1 modek 4 Holdoff 1d Noms 74 Frig d Rol ao Polarity Negative Figure 3 62 Video Trigger Menu Mode amp Holdoff To change the holdoff time press the Holdoff side Enter the value using the general purpose knob If you want to enter a large number press the SHIFT button before turning the knob When the light next to the SHIFT button is on and the display says Course Knobs in the upper right corner the general purpose knob speeds up significantly There are different default values for holdoff to insure a stable color burst in the sync pulse These holdoff values depend on
25. 11 The Video Trigger menu lets you select the source polarity class mode and holdoff It also gives you the option to delay by lines or time and lets you trigger on the first fleld second field or both Using the Class option you can select predefined setups NTSC PAL or SECAM or customize the setup 3 101 Video Triggering Press the TRIGGER MENU Type main Video pop up Class main gt NTSC PAL SECAM or Custom pop up Figure 3 58 a NTSC has a line rate of 525 lines per frame and a field rate of 60 Hz PAL has a line rate of 625 lines per frame and a field rate of 50 Hz u SECAM has a line rate of 625 lines per frame and a field rate of 50 Hz sw Custom lets you specify the frequency range of the video signal The different ranges are listed in the Scan Parameter side menu discussed later in this article Run 1 60MS s Sample E E interlaced i Fielg Orte Interlaced Field Two TAS re Noninteriaced Both Fields WENE Mode E ee i Hoideff Polarity Negative Figure 3 58 Video Trigger Menu Class Source You need to select which source you want the trigger to come from On the TDS 420 and TDS 460 press the TRIGGER MENU Source main Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 or Ch4 side On the TDS 410 press the TRIGGER MENU Source main Ch1 or Ch2 side 3 102 Reference Video Triggering Sync Polarity
26. 2 7 Figure 2 8 Figure 2 9 Figure 2 10 Figure 2 11 Figure 2 12 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Four Simultaneous Measurement Headouts General Purpose Knob Indicators 4 Snapshot of Channel 1 00 0 eee eee Save Recali Setup Menu s esses Triggered Versus Untriggered Displays Interlaced Frame ux iesy e sews ohn een ds ch ets ined Trigger Hoidoff Time Ensures Valid Triggering Siope and Level Controls Help Define the Trigger Acquisition Input Analog Signal Sample and Digitize Several Points May be Acquired for Each Point Used Real Time Sampling uii i ui Equivalent Time Sampling iuussssss Scaling and Positioning uua queo e RO ee wn ate Rx ASIE 2 oa adc d NS arare ptc aos m cpi doi a Kaen Graticule Cursor and Automated Measurements Cursor Modes ci i oC er How the Acquisition Modes Work 00 0005 Acquisition Menu and Readout 005 Acquire Menu Stop After 0 00 0 0 0 2 cece ee CURSOR AYRES into o ea Eat a eee Gu sor MOGDOS s oa Fu bc Sota EO D deo disci feno H Bars Cursor Menu and Readouts Paired Cursor Menu and Readouts 1 7 1 8 1 9 1 10 1 11 1 12 1 12 1 32 1 13 1 14 1 16 1 17 1 18 1 19 1 20 1 21 1 24 2 11 2 13 2 15
27. 3 2 4 G Gated Measurements 3 54 G 3 Gating Measure menu 3 54 General purpose high input resis tance probes 3 69 General purpose knob 1 20 2 6 G 4 GPIB 2 4 3 76 3 79 G 4 GPIB Hardcopy menu 3 32 GPIB Utility menu 3 78 Graticule 3 25 G 4 Measurements 2 26 Graticule Display menu 3 25 Grid Display menu 3 25 Ground coupling G 4 Ground lead inductance 3 60 H H Bars Cursor menu 3 13 3 14 H Limit Acquire menu 3 45 Hardcopy 3 31 3 38 G 4 oS Talk Only Utility menu HARDCOPY button 3 32 3 78 Hardcopy if Condition Met Acquire menu 3 46 Index Hardcopy interface Optional RS 232 Centronic A 7 Hardcopy menu BMP 3 32 Clear Spool 3 32 Deskjet 3 32 EPS Color 3 32 EPS Image 3 32 EPS Mono 3 32 EPS PCX 3 32 Epson 3 32 Format 3 32 GPIB 3 32 HPGL 3 32 Interleaf 3 32 Landscape 3 32 Laserjet 3 32 Layout 3 32 Port 3 32 Portrait 3 32 Thinkjet 3 32 TIFF 3 32 Hardcopy Utility menu 3 78 HELP button 3 39 Heip system 3 39 HF Rei Main Trigger menu 3 28 Hi Res acquisition mode 3 4 Hi res acquisition mode G 4 Hi Res Acquire menu 3 6 High 3 50 G 4 High frequency rejection 2 75 High Ref Measure menu 3 56 High speed active probes 3 71 High voltage probes 3 70 3 71 High Low Setup Measure menu 3 55 Histogram Measure menu 3 55 Holdoff trigger 2 14 G 4 Horiz Pos Horizontal menu 3 43 Horiz Scale Horizontal menu 3 42 Horizont
28. 343 1003 01 6 Inch Alligator Clip Ground Lead 196 3305 00 Screwdriver adjustment tool metal tip 003 1433 00 SMT KlipChip M 206 0364 00 Accessory Pouch 016 0708 00 Appendices Appendix A Options and Accessories Optional Accessories You can also order the following optional accessories Accessory Part Number Table A 4 Optional Accessories TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 Service Manual 070 8036 XX Plotter GPIB and Centronics Standard HC100 Plotter Centronics Standard HC200 Oscilloscope Cart K212 Rackmount Kit for field conversion 016 1166 00 Oscilloscope Camera C9 Oscilloscope Camera Adapter 016 1154 00 Soft Sided Carrying Case 016 1158 00 Transit Case 016 1157 00 GPIB Cable 1 meter 012 0991 01 GPIB Cabie 2 meter 012 0991 00 Security Cable 012 1388 00 Front Cover 200 3232 00 Pouch 016 1159 00 VGA Cable SN B030099 and below 73893013 NEC SN B030100 and above CTL3VGAMM 5 LCOM Accessory Probes The following optional accessory probes are recommended for use with your digitizing oscilloscope P6101A 1X 15 MHz Passive probe P6156 10X 3 5 GHz Passive low capacitance low impedance Zo probe Option 25 provides 100X P6009 Passive high voltage probe 100X 1500 VDC 4 Peak AC P6015A Passive high voltage probe 1000X 20 kVDC Peak AC 40 kV peak for less than 100 ms P6205 750 MHz probe bandwidth Active FET voltage probe P6204 Active high speed digital voltage pr
29. BERENEE Aeon on 320 MV d Frequency BEER RE NER ERR DIRE AE 100 MHz Ch 1 Period 10ns Pe I T IIV bL HH HHE H PLE Till Figure 2 11 Graticule Cursor and Automated Measurements Cursors Measurement The oscilloscope provides three measurement classes graticules cursors Sources and automated measurements Graticule Measurements Graticule measurements provide you with quick visual estimates For exam ple you might look at a waveform amplitude and say It is a little more than 100 mV You can perform simple measurements by counting the number of major and minor graticule divisions involved and multiplying by the scale factor For example if you counted five major vertical graticule divisions between a minimum and maximum values of a waveform and knew you had a scale factor of 100 mV division then you could easily caiculate your peak to peak voltage 5 divisions x 100 mV division 500 mV 2 26 Operating Basics Measurements Cursor Measurements Cursors are fast and easy to understand measurements You take measure ments by moving the cursors and reading their numeric values from the on screen readouts which update as you adjust their positions Cursors appear in pairs one cursor is active and the other inactive You move the active cursor the solid line using the general purpose knob The TOGGLE button lets you select toggle which cursor bar is active or inac tive The inacti
30. Coupling Changed by Autoset to Selected channel i Numericaily lowest of the displayed channels sample On RUN STOP button only Vectors If less than 50 set to 75 YT Centered within the graticule window As determined by the signal frequen Cy Main Only Unchanged Off Unchanged Edae Numerically lowest of the displayed channels the selected channel Midpoint of data for the trigger source Positive DC As determined by the signai level DC uniess AC was previously set AC remains unchanged Vertical Bandwidth Fuil Vertical Offset 0 volts Zoom Off Reference Description Horizontal Bar Cursors Cursor Measurements Use the cursors to measure the difference either in time or voltage be tween two locations in a waveform record Cursors are made up of two markers that you position with the general purpose knob You move one cursor independently or both cursors in tandem depending on the cursor mode As you position the cursors read outs on the display report measurement information There are three cursor types horizontal bar vertical bar and paired Fig ure 3 4 Horizontal bar cursors measure vertical parameters typically volts Vertical bar cursors measure horizontal parameters typically time or fre quency Vertical Bar Cursors Paired Cursors Figure 3 4 Cursor Types Paired cursors measure both vertical parameters typically volts and hori zontal paramet
31. Delayed Trigger menu so you can define the delayed trigger event 2 Press SHIFT DELAYED TRIG Delay by main gt Triggerable After Time or Events side Figure 3 11 3 Enterthe delay time or events using the general purpose knob Hint You can go directly to the Delayed Trigger menu see step 2 By selecting either Triggerable After Time or Events the oscilloscope auto matically switches to Delayed Triggerable in the Horizontal menu if you wish to leave Delayed Triggerable you still need to display the Horizon tai menu The Source menu lets you select which input is the delayed trigger source 4 On TDS 420 and TDS 460 press Source main Chi Ch2 Ch3 or Ch4 side On TDS 410 press Ch1 or Ch2 side TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 19 Delayed Triggering Run tOGkS s sample Delay by Time 60ns Tiiggerable after Time AN N AAA A N NAA ANN ud am 3 oV Ch2 T M soGjis Chi pesa A Figure 3 11 Delayed Trigger Menu 5 Press Coupling main DC AC HF Rej LF Rei or Noise Rej side to define how the input signal is coupled to the delayed trigger For descriptions of these coupling types see Triggering on page 2 11 6 Press Slope main to select the slope that the delayed trigger occurs on Choose between the rising edge and falling edge slopes When using Delayed Triggerable mode to acquire waveforms two trigger bars are displayed One
32. Firmware Version Status The Status menu lets you see information about the oscilloscope state To operate the Status menu Press SHIFT STATUS System Trigger Waveforms or I O side System displays information about the Horizontal Zoom Acquisition Display Measure and Hardcopy systems Figure 3 52 This display also tells you the firmware version Trigger displays parameter information about the triggers Waveforms displays information about the various waveforms including live math and reference I O displays information about the I O port s Run ifn nks Sampie T PENETER CTED Status M 161 TTGPos_Recinath Pos L_2hepene i Main 500us Main 58 500 f0divs 50 0 Diyd SQus Runs After IONS Zoom Status Vertical Horizontal j OFF 1 8 1 8 Sample OFF OFF OFF Reft None None None E isplay st cin i Tria T Vectors SINKY VF OH Short Display intensity Overall Text wfm Contrast 85 60 73 150 OFF Histogram Mid Re w Ref___Mid2 Ret 90 50 10 50 Hardcony format iavout Port interleaf Portratt GPIB T omV Hs Chi 7 EV cce gt Figure 3 52 Status Menu System TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 93 Trigger Buttons and Knobs 3 94 Triggering Triggers determine when the digitizing oscilloscope starts acquiring and displaying a waveform The TDS 400 series has two types of
33. For a Record Point Figure 2 6 Several Points May be Acquired for Each Point Used TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 17 Acquisition 2 18 The digitizer can use the extra samples to perform additional processing such as averaging or looking for minimum and maximum values The digitizing oscilloscope creates a waveform record containing a user spe cified number of data points Each record point represents a certain voltage level that occurs a determined amount of time from the trigger event Record Length The number of points that make up the waveform record is defined by the record length You can set the record length in the Horizontal menu The digitizing oscilloscope provides record lengths of 500 1000 2500 5000 and 15000 points Option 1M provides a maximum record length of 60 000 points That option is available only at the time of original purchase it cannot be installed later Sampling Methods Sampling is the process of converting the analog input signal to digital data for display and processing The two general methods of sampling are real time and equivalent time Real Time Sampling in real time sampling the oscilloscope digitizes all the points it acquires after one trigger event see Figure 2 7 Use real time sampling to capture single shot or transient events Record Points Sampling Rate JLUUUUUUUU I Figure 2 7 Real Time Sampling Depending on how many channels you are using a
34. International Power Cords Besides the standard North American 110 V 60 Hz power cord Tektronix ships any of five alternate power cord configurations with the oscilloscope when ordered by the customer Table A 1 International Power Cords Option Power Cord A Universal European 220V 50Hz A2 UK 240 V 50 Hz A3 Australian 240 V 50 Hz A4 North American 240 V 60 Hz A5 Switzerland 220 V 50 Hz Option B1 Module Level Service Manual When Option B1 is ordered Tektronix ships a module level service manual with the oscilloscope Option 1M 60 000 Point Record Length This option provides a maximum record length of 60 000 points per acquisi tion 60 000 channel Warranty Plus Service Options The following options add to the services available with the standard warran ty The standard warranty appears on the back side of the title page in this manual x Option M2 When Option M2 is ordered Tektronix provides five years of warranty remediai service a Option M3 When Option M3 is ordered Tektronix provides five years of warranty remedial service and four oscilloscope calibrations a Option M8 When Option M8 is ordered Tektronix provides four calibra tions and four performance verifications one of each in the second through the fifth years of service Appendices Appendix A Options and Accessories Option 1K K212 Instrument Cart With this option Tektronix ships a three tray instrument ca
35. MQ This action returns the coupling impedance of channel 2 to its initial state 1 16 Getting Started Example 2 Multiple Waveforms Hnpedance ER 50 NIU CEREREM E NEPTIS OE ch Coupling E impedance I eR PRES orc Side Menu Title M Ssoous Chis 268mV sui 200mv Ch2 ToomV Coupling Bc Position 0 div Fire Scare 200mV div Bandwidth i Fui Figure 1 16 The Menus After Changing Channels Removing a Pressing the WAVEFORM OFF button removes the waveform for the cur Waveform rently selected channel If the waveform you want to remove is not already selected select that channel using the channel CH button 1 Press WAVEFORM OFF under the vertical SCALE knob Since the CH 2 light was on when you pressed the WAVEFORM OFF button the channel 2 waveform was removed The channel CH lights now indicate channel 1 Channei 1 has become the selected channel When you remove the last waveform ail the CH lights are turned off 2 Press WAVEFORM OFF again to remove the channel 1 waveform TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 17 Example 3 Automated Measurements Displaying Automated Measurements In this example you learn how to use the automated measurement system to get numeric readouts of important waveform characteristics To use the automated measurement system you must have a stable display of your signal Also the waveform must have all the
36. Polarity 3 703 TV Delay Mode 3 703 Video Class 3 102 Video Main Trigger menu 3 707 3 102 W WARNING statement in manual vii Warranted Characteristics Defined A 75 Listed A 15 Performance Conditions for A 15 Waveform G 9 Interval G 9 Math 3 107 3 109 Off priority 3 90 Wavetorm memory 3 87 WAVEFORM OFF button 7 77 3 26 3 90 Waveform Rate A 17 Waveform Display menu 3 23 Waveforms Math 3 107 Waveforms Status menu 3 93 Width 1 19 G 6 G 7 X XY Format 3 25 3 26 XY format G 9 XY Display menu 3 25 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Index Y YT Format 3 25 3 26 YT format G 9 YT Display menu 3 25 Z Zoom 3 110 3 112 ZOOM button 3 770 Zoom feature 2 25 Zoom menu Reset Zoom Factors 3 172 Zoom Off 3 772 Zoom Off Zoom menu 3 112 I 9 Index 1 10 m Index
37. Power on 1 4 1 5 Pretrigger G 7 Principal power switch 7 4 2 4 Printer DPU 411 A 1 DPU 412 A 1 Probe accessories Compact to miniature probe tip adapter 3 65 A 7 Dual lead adapter 3 66 IC protector tip 3 65 Long ground leads 3 63 Low inductance ground lead 3 63 Low inductance spring tips 3 64 A 7 Marker rings 3 63 A 7 Probe tip to chassis adapter 3 65 A 7 Probe tip to circuit board adapters 3 64 Retractable hook tip 3 67 SMT KlipChip 3 64 A 7 Probe Cal 1 5 Probe tip to chassis adapter 3 65 A 7 Probe tip to circuit board adapters 3 64 Probes Accessories 3 61 3 66 A 4 A 5 A 8 Active A 3 Active voltage 3 71 3 72 Additional A 3 By applications 3 74 3 75 Compensation 1 10 3 67 G 7 Connection 7 6 3 60 3 66 Current 3 72 Definition G 7 Differential active 3 77 Fixtured active 3 71 General purpose high input resis tance 3 69 High speed 3 71 High voltage 3 70 3 71 Low impedance Zo 3 70 Optical 3 73 Passive 3 67 Passive voltage 3 69 3 70 Selection 3 69 3 75 SMD A 3 Time to voltage converter 3 73 Propagation delay 3 50 Q Quantizing G 7 H Rack mounting A 3 Rate 1 Video Trigger menu 3 105 Rate 2 Video Trigger menu 3 105 Rate 3 Video Trigger menu 3 705 Rate 4 Video Trigger menu 3 105 Readout Acquisition 3 5 Channei 2 5 3 89 Cursors 2 5 Edge trigger 3 27 General purpose knob 2 5 Measurement 2 28 3 52
38. Q5 memory location labeled active see Figure 3 47 you overwrite the waveform that was previously stored there You can store waveforms in reference locations labeled empty without disturbing previously stored waveforms 2 Press save recall WAVEFORM Save Waveform main Refi Ref2 Ref3 or Ref4 side 3 86 Reference Saving and Recalling Waveforms Run 300kS7s Sample tres e a un ARE T E E zs n cite 1 OPEN save j Waveform i Fo Reft active empty Ta Ref4 empty od T M Soous Chif 20mvV 3 1 Figure 3 47 Save Waveform Menu Deleting Waveforms You can choose the Delete Refs main menu item and then select the refer ences you no longer need from the side menu Delete Refi Delete Ref2 Delete Ref3 Delete Ref4 or Delete All Refs Deleting All Waveforms and Setups The simultaneous removal of ail stored waveforms and setups using the feature called Tek Secure is described under Saving and Recalling Setups See Deleting All Setups and Waveforms on page 3 85 Recalling a Waveform To recail a waveform Press MORE Refi Ref2 Ref3 or Ref4 main Note that in Figure 3 48 the main menu items Ref2 Ref3 and Ref4 appear shaded while Ref1 does not References that are empty appear shaded in the More main menu TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 87 Saving and Recalling Waveforms Run IG0kK5 5 Sample
39. a Glance The At a Glance section contains illustrations of the display the front and rear panels and the menu system These illustrations help you understand and operate the digitizing oscilloscope This section also contains a visual guide to using the menu system Front Panel Map Left Side RAN POYNTER PAAA LIU NIE EA PEN E PAEA E A AA TE TIEF Tektronix TDS 460 Z3 oscuoscor 300 Mi Side Menu Buttons ON STBY Switch Main Menu Buttons CLEAR MENU page 1 3 page 2 6 Removes Menus from the Display Operating Basics Ata Glance Front Panel Map Right Side Measurement System page 3 49 Saving and Recalling Waveforms page 3 86 Hardcopy page 3 31 Display Modes page 3 22 Saving and Recalling Setups Remote Communication page 3 76 page 3 84 Acquisition Modes Autoset page 3 9 page 3 2 Shift when lit selects alternate menus printed in blue and coarse knob speed Help page 3 39 Status page 3 93 Cursor Measurements page 3 11 Selecting Channels page 3 89 Waveform Math page 3 107 Triggering page 3 94 Delay Triggering page 3 16 Edge Triggering page 3 27 Ground Video Triggering page 3 101 Vertical Control Removing Waveforms Zoom Horizontal Control page 3 98 page 3 89 page 3 110 page 3 40 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 3 At a Glance Hear Panel Map GPIB Connector Fuse Power Connector page 3 76 page 1 3 page 1 3
40. a When both TRIG D and READY are lighted it means the digitizing oscilioscope has recognized a valid main trigger and is waiting for a delayed trigger When it recognizes a delayed trigger it wil fill in the posttrigger portion of the delayed waveform TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 95 Triggering Trigger Display Readout At the bottom of the display the Trigger readout shows some of the key trigger parameters Figure 3 54 The readouts are different for edge and video triggers Main Time Base Time Div Main Trigger Main Trigger Source Ch 1 Slope Rising Edge Main Time Base Main Trigger Level V 500us Chi Coupling i DC j F av Figure 3 54 Example Trigger Readouts The record view at the top of the display shows the location of the triager signal in the waveform record and with respect to the display see Fig ure 3 55 Trigger Position and Level Indicators In addition to the numerical readouts of trigger level there are also graphic indicators of trigger position and level which you can optionally display These indicators are the trigger point indicator the long trigger level bar and the short trigger level bar Figure 3 55 shows the trigger point indicator and short style trigger level bar The trigger point indicator shows position It can be positioned horizontally off screen especially with long record length settings The trigger level bar shows only the trigger leve
41. acquired Sin x x computes record points in a curve fit between the actual values acquired It assumes ail the interpolated points fall in their appropriate point in time on that curve Intensity Display brightness Knob A rotary control see Low The value used as 0 in automated measurements whenever high ref mid ref and low ref values are needed as in fall time and rise time measurements The value is calculated using either the min max or the histogram method With the min max method most useful for general waveforms it is the minimum value found With the histogram method most useful for pulses it refers to the most common value found below the mid point See Appendix C Algo rithms for details Main menu A group of related controls for a major oscilloscope function that the oscilloscope displays across the bottom of the screen Main menu buttons Bezel buttons under the main menu display They allow you to select items in the main menu I Maximum Amplitude voltage measurement of the maximum amplitude Typically the most positive peak voltage Ar Mean Amplitude voltage measurement of the arithmetic mean over the entire waveform T Minimum Amplitude voltage measurement of the minimum amplitude Typi cally the most negative peak voltage Negative duty cycle A timing measurement representing the ratio of the negative pulse width to the signal period expressed as a percentage TDS 410 TDS 420
42. and positioned horizontally at the same time m All all waveforms displayed channels math and or reference can be zoomed and positioned horizontally at the same time See Zoom on page 3 110 for the steps to set the horizontal lock feature See Scaling and Positioning Waveforms on page 2 22 See Delayed Triggering on page 3 16 See Zoom on page 3 110 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 43 Limit Testing Limit testing provides a way to automatically compare each incoming wave form against a template waveform You set an envelope of limits around a waveform and let the digitizing oscilloscope find waveforms that fall outside those limits When it finds such a waveform the digitizing oscilloscope can generate a hardcopy ring a bell stop and wait for your input or ahy com bination of these actions When you use the limit testing feature the first task is to create the limit test template from a waveform Next specify the channel to compare to the template Then you specify the action to take if incoming waveform data exceeds the set limits Finaily turn limit testing on so that the parameters you have specified take effect Operation To access limit testing Press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU to bring up the Acquire menu Create Limit Test Template To use an incoming or stored waveform to create the limit test template first select a source 1 On TDS 420 and TDS 460 press Create Limit Test Template main
43. are labeled CH 1 CH 2 and MORE The MORE button allows you to select internally stored Math and Ref wave forms for display and manipulation The selected channel is indicated by the lighted LED above each button TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 89 Selecting Channels Operation For More Information Pressing CH 1 CH 2 CH 3 or CH 4 turns the channel on if it is not already on You do not use the channel selection buttons when triggering instead you select the trigger source in the Main Trigger menu or Delayed Trigger menu Removing Waveforms From the Display The WAVEFORM OFF button turns OFF the display of the selected channel waveform It will also remove from the display any automated measurements being made on that waveform When you turn off a waveform the digitizing oscilloscope automatically selects the next highest priority waveform Figure 3 50 shows how the oscilloscope prioritizes waveforms CH1 All models CH2 Ail models CH3 TDS 420 and TDS 460 CH4 TDS 420 and TDS 460 BON MATH1 MATH2 MATHS Pade i B REF 1 9 REF2 10 REFS 11 REFA Figure 3 50 Waveform Selection Priority If you are turning off more than one waveform and you start by turning off a channel waveform all channels will be turned off before going to the MORE waveforms If you start by turning off the MORE waveforms all the MORE waveforms will be turned off before going to the channel waveforms
44. can not grip You can use the KlipChip as a ground attachment as a signal attachment or to attach both to a ground and a signal m Fora ground attachment use the long ground lead described on page 3 63 terminated with a pin receptacle and connect the termination to the pin in one of the KlipChip shouiders m Fora signal attachment use a single lead adapter similar to the dual lead adapter described on page 3 66 and connect the termination to the pin in one of the KlipChip shoulders m For both ground and signal attachment combine two KlipChips with a dual lead adapter or use a single lead adapter and a long ground lead Optional Probe Accessories T N Optional probe accessories that you can order include the following Low Inductance Spring Tips The low inductance spring tips can be used whenever you are measuring devices with fixed spacings The spring tip is ideal for repetitive production use Select different length springs to match device spacings on a variety of components Because the spring tip ground lead simply contacts the ground reference instead of clipping onto it you can move the probe around your device under test with ease 3 64 Reference Probe Accessories Probe Tip to Chassis Adapter The probe tip to chassis adapter makes your test point accessible without removing instrument covers or panels It provides an easy access low in ductance test point anywhere on your circuit The
45. difference between the maximum and etes minimum amplitude in the entire waveform or gated region YS Phase Timing measurement The amount one waveform leads or lags another in i time Expressed in degrees where 360 comprise one waveform cycle 3 50 Reference Name isla Period jit Positive Duty Cycle Positive Over shoot _ i Positive Width a Rise time rer RMS Measurement System Table 3 4 Measurement Definitions Cont Definition Timing measurement Time it takes for the first complete signal cycle to hap pen in the waveform or gated region The reciprocal of frequency Measured in seconds Timing measurement of the first cycle in the waveform or gated region The ratio of the positive pulse width to the signal period expressed as a percent age T Positive Width o PositiveDutyCycle a x 100 Voltage measurement over the entire waveform or gated region Max High PositiveOvershoot Amplitude x 100 Timing measurement of the first pulse in the waveform or gated region The distance time between MidRef default 50 amplitude points of a positive pulse Timing measurement Time taken for the leading edge of the first pulse in the waveform or gated region to rise from a Low Ref value default 1096 to a High Ref value default 90 of its final value Voltage measurement The true Hoot Mean Square voltage over the entire wavetorm or gated region TDS 410
46. differentiate between the real and interpolated samples set the display style to Intensified Samples When you turn on the zoom feature the vertical and horizontal scale and vertical position knobs now control the dispiayed size and position of wave forms aliowing them to be expanded and repositioned on screen They cease to affect waveform acquisition but you can alter acquisition by using the corresponding menu items Zoom mode does not change the way horizontal position operates To use zoom do the following steps 1 Press ZOOM ON side The ZOOM front pane button should light up 2 Choose which waveforms to zoom by toggling Horizontal Lock side or by using the general purpose knob w None only the waveform currently selected can be magnified and positioned horizontally Figure 3 65 e Live ail channels can be magnified and positioned horizontally at the same time Waveforms displayed from an input channel are live math and reference waveforms are not live a All all waveforms displayed channels math and or reference can be magnified and positioned horizontally at the same time Reference Zoom NOTE Although zoom must be turned on to control which waveforms zoom affects the setting for Horizontal Lock affects which wave forms the horizontal control positions whether zoom is on or off The rules for the three settings are as is listed in step 2 Only the selected waveform the top one
47. list of typical characteristics starts on page A 21 Performance Conditions The electrical characteristics found in these tables of warranted characteris tics apply when the oscilloscope is adjusted at an ambient temperature between 4 20 C and 30 C has had a warm up period of at least 20 minutes and is operating at an ambient temperature between 0 C and 450 C unless otherwise noted Table A 14 Warranted Characteristics Signal Acquisition System Name Averaged Accuracy DC Gain Accuracy DC Voltage Measurement Description Measurement Type DC Accuracy Average of 216 waveforms t 1 596 x reading Net Offset Offset Accuracy 0 06 div Delta volts between any two X 1 576 x reading 0 1 div averages of 216 waveforms 0 8 mV 1 5 iNet Offset Offset Position x Volts Div Net Offset is the voltage level at the center of the A D converter dynamic range Offset Accuracy is the accuracy of this voltage level The samples must be acquired under the same setup and ambient conditions 3DC Gain Accuracy is confirmed in the Performance Verification Procedure by passing the checks for Offset Accuracy and DC Voltage Measurement Accuracy Averaged TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 15 Appendix B Specification Table A 14 Warranted Characteristics Signal Acquisition System Cont ze ANN P t a str EHI a ttti EEE HIC cct Name Description Accuracy Offset V
48. measured should be of the same frequency or one waveform should be a harmonic of the other Phase is a dual waveform measurement that is it is measured from a target waveform to a reference waveform To get a specific phase measurement specify the target and reference sources Phase is determined in the following manner 1 The first MidRefCrossing MCross I Target and third MCross3 in the source target waveform are found 2 The period of the target waveform is calculated see Period above 3 The first MidRefCrossing MCross1Ref in the reference waveform crossing in the same direction polarity as that found MCross Target for the target waveform is found 4 The phase is determined by the following MCrossIRef MCrossITarget i Period If the target waveform leads the reference waveform phase is positive if it lags negative Phase 360 Phase is not available in the Snapshot display A 32 Appendices Ht FG Appendix C Algorithms Positive Duty Cycle Timing measurement The ratio of the positive pulse width to the signal period expressed as a percentage PositiveWidth is defined in Positive Width following If Period O or undefined then return an error PositiveWidth x 100 Docs oe PositiveDutyCycle Tonos Positive Overshoot Amplitude voltage measurement PositiveOvershoot Mex High 999 Amplitude Note that this value should never be negative Positive Width T
49. now the Coupling item in the main menu is highlighted which means that the side menu shows the coupling choices At the top of the side menu the menu title shows the channe affected by the menu choices The menu title always matches the lighted channel button 7 Press Q side to toggle the selection to 50 O this changes the input coupling of channel 2 from 1 MQ to 50 Q The channel readout for channel 2 near the bottom of the graticule now shows an Q indicator TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 15 Example 2 Multiple Waveforms Run 190kS s Sample impedance 50 amp i T 1 Ache Coupling en ite o ta os ee a LEID US peste MESI desee ende tienen cand dnd terr e Wal ae dedere den Bender ppt mend Chi 260mV WP leomv M s00us Chi 268mV UTEM Bandwidtht Te Scale position Offset DE Full roomy s22dw ov Figure 1 15 The Vertical Main Menu and Coupling Side Menu Changing Controls Pressing a channel CH button sets the vertical controls to that channel tt to Another Channel also adds the channel to the display if that waveform is not already dis played 1 Press CH 1 Observe that the side menu title shows Ch1 Figure 1 16 and that the indicator next to CH 1 is lit Note the highlighted menu item in the side menu also changes from the 50 O channel 2 setting to the 1 MO imped ance setting of channel 1 2 Press CH 2 Q side to toggle the selection to 1
50. on page 3 49 for more information on automatic measurements See the TDS Family Option 2F Instruction Manual if your oscilloscope is equipped with that option for using cursors to measure Fast Fourier Trans formed integrated or differentiated math waveforms See Example 3 Automated Measurements on page 1 18 see Waveform Math on page 3 107 for using cursors to measure math waveforms 2 28 Operating Basics Overview This section describes the details of operating the digitizing oscilloscope It contains an alphabetical list of tasks you can perform with the digitizing oscilloscope Use this section to answer specific questions about instrument operation The following tasks are included m Acquisition Modes a Remote Communication m Autoset amp Roll Mode a Cursor Measurements w Saving and Recalling Setups Delayed Triggering m Saving and Recalling Wave forms u Display Modes m lecti hannels Edge Triggering Selecting Chan a Signal Path Compensation m Hardcopy P m Status Help a Triagerin a Horizontai Control ggerng m l a Vertical Contro m Limit Testing m Video Triggerin a Measurement System ggering a Waveform Math m Probe Selection mw Zoom Many of these tasks list steps you perform to accomplish the task You should read Conventions on page x of Preface before reading about these tasks TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 1 Description of Modes Acquisition Modes T
51. or Dual Wfm Math main to alter the present math waveform definition see Figure 3 64 The single and dual waveform operations are described separately in the following topics Run 1 60MS s Sample ist Source Chi E I Change Math Ji Definition i Set Ist Source to ML IC nm ua eb c Es E S j N t H f Select the type of Math function to define from the bottom row of bezel buttons Define the new function using the side buttons When you are zie with the selections press ry gt Create Math Wim ke Press CLEAR MENE to return to the More menu j without creating a Math waveform IPM OK EMV i Create Math Wim Figure 3 64 Dual Waveform Math Main and Side Menus Singie Wfm Math 1 Press MORE Mathi Math2 or Math3 main gt Set Function to side inv invert 2 To define the source waveform toggle Set Single Source to side or select that item and use the general purpose knob 3 When you are ready to perform the function press OK Create Math Wfm side 3 108 Reference Waveform Math Dual Wfm Math 1 Select the sources with MORE Math1 Math2 or Math3 main gt Set 1st Source to and Set 2nd Source to side Enter the sources by toggling the appropriate channel selection button or by using the gener ai purpose knob 2 Toenter the math operator press Set operator to side Toggle the button or use the general purpose knob Supported opera
52. percentage of the step amplitude TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 21 Appendix B Specification Table A 21 Typical Characteristics Time Base System Name Aperture Uncertainty Fixed Error in Sample Time Description For reai time or interpolated records having duration x1 minute 50 ps 0 03 ppm x Record Duration RMS For equivalent time records 50 ps 0 06 ppm x WIN RMS 50 ps 1The WI waveform interval is the time between the samples in the waveform record Aiso see the footnotes for Sample Rate Range and Equivalent Time or interpolated Waveform Rates in Table A 8 on page A 11 Table A 22 Typical Characteristics Triggering System Name Holdoff Variable Main Trigger Lowest Frequency for Successful Op eration of Set Level to 50 Function Sensitivity Edge Trigger Not DC Coupled Description Error Trigger Position Edge Triggering i Acquire Mode Sample Hi Res Average Peak Detect Envelope Main Horizontal Scale 100 ns div 2100 ms div Otherwise 20 Hz Trigger Coupling AC Noise Reject High Frequency Reiect Low Frequency Reject Trigger Position Error 1 WI 1 ns 2 WI 1 ns Minimum Holdoff Maximum Holdoff 1 s 5 x Min Holdoff is 5 x Min Holdoff 10 x sec div 5 x Min Hoidoff Typical Signal Level for Stable Trig gering Same as DC coupled limits for frequen cies above 60 Hz Attenuates signals below 60 H
53. sampie min and max pair DO NOT straddle MidRef 2 ifthe pair gt MidRef use the minima else use maxima If all pairs straddie MidRef use maxima See Figure A 4 The Burst Width measurement always uses both maxima and minima to determine crossings If some samples in the waveform are missing or off scale the measurements linearly interpolate between known samples to make an appropriate guess as to the sample value Missing samples at the ends of the measurement record are assumed to have the value of the nearest known sample When samples are out of range the measurement gives a warning to that effect for example CLIPPING if the measurement could change by extending the measurement range slightly The algorithms assume the samples recover from an overdrive condition instantaneously A 35 Appendix C Algorithms Both min and max samples are above MidRef so use minima Both min and max samples are below 7 MidRef so use 4 maxima MidRef Figure A 4 Choosing Minima or Maxima to Use for Envelope Measurements For example if MidRef is set directly then MidRef wouid not change even if samples were out of range However if MidRef was chosen using the 96 choice from the Set Levels in Units selection of the Measure menu then MidRef could give a CLIPPING warning NOTE When measurements are displayed using Snapshot out of range warnings are NOT available However if you question the validity of
54. the display Offset Offset lets you subtract DC bias from the waveform so the oscilloscope can acquire the exact part of the waveform you are interested in Offset is useful when you want to examine a waveform with a DC bias For example you might be trying to look at a small ripple on a power supply output It may be a 100 mV ripple on top of a 15 V supply With offset range you can display the ripple and scale it to meet your needs To use offset press VERTICAL MENU Offset main Use the general purpose knob to control the vertical offset If you want to reset the offset to zero press Set to 0 V side For More see Acquisition on page 2 17 Information See Scaling and Positioning Waveforms on page 2 22 ONL ARAA n E aM Man a ee 3 100 Reference Operation Video Triggering To bring up the Video Trigger menu Press the TRIGGER MENU Type main Video side see Fig ure 3 57 Run ind d sampe interlaced Field One qme nn Nonlnteriaced Roth Fields d MN nma m ur FO m Megative Figure 3 57 Main Trigger Menu Video Type Video Class TDS 416 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual The optional Video Trigger menu gives you a variety of selections for trigger ing on a video signal A video trigger event occurs when a video signal generates a horizontal or vertical sync pulse For more information see Triggering on page 2
55. the oscilloscope acquire a waveform even if a trigger does not occur Auto mode uses a timer that starts after a trigger event occurs If another trigger event is not detected before the timer times out the oscilloscope forces a trigger anyway The length of time it waits for a trigger event depends on the time base setting Be aware that auto mode when forcing triggers in the absence of valid triggering events does not sync the waveform on the display In other words successive acquisitions are not triggered at the same point on the waveform therefore the waveform appears to roll across the screen Of course if valid triggers occur the display becomes stable on screen Since auto mode forces a trigger in the absence of one it is useful in ob serving signals where you are only concerned with monitoring amplitude level Although the unsynced waveform may roll across the display it does not disappear as it would in normal trigger mode Monitoring of a power supply output is an example of such an application Normal and auto trigger modes aiso affect roli mode operation If roll mode is activated while in Normal trigger mode the roll mode is triggered If roll mode is activated while in Auto trigger mode the roli mode is untriggered See Roll on page 3 80 for more information Holdoff When a trigger event is recognized the oscilloscope disables the trigger system until acquisition is complete In addition the trigger system rema
56. trigger bar indicates the level set by the main trigger system the other indicates the level set by the delayed trigger system 7 Press Level main Level Set to TTL Set to ECL or Set to 50 side m Level lets you enter the delayed trigger level using the general purpose knob w Set to TTL fixes the trigger level at 1 4 V m Setto ECL fixes the trigger level at 1 3 V 3 20 Reference Delayed Triggering NOTE When you set the Vertical SCALE smaller than 200 mV the oscillo scope reduces the Set to TTL or Set to ECL trigger levels below standard TTL and ECL levels That happens because the trigger level range is fixed at 12 divisions from the center At 100 mV the next smaller setting after 200 mV the trigger range is 1 2 V which is smaller than the typical TTL 1 4 V or ECL 1 3 V level m Set to 50 fixes the delayed trigger level to 50 of the peak to peak value of the delayed trigger source signal For More See Triggering on page 2 11 Information See Triggering on page 3 94 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 21 Display Modes The digitizing oscilloscope can display waveform records in different ways The Display menu lets you adjust the oscilloscope display style intensity level graticule and format Operation Press DISPLAY to show the Display menu Run 16 0kS s Sample E t Display Style Ti I Vectors U DEN RART UI PEE UEN NONS DESE fee OAN OE
57. trigger source is any one of the input channels The channel you select as a trigger source functions whether it is displayed or not TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 11 Triggering AC OG x AC Line Voltage this trigger source is useful when you are looking at signals related to the power line frequency Examples include devices such as lighting equipment and power supplies Because the digitizing oscilioscope generates the trigger you do not have to input a signal to create it a Auxiliary Trigger this trigger source is useful in digital design and repair For example you might want to trigger with an external clock or with a signal from another part of the circuit To use the auxiliary trigger connect the external triggering signal to the Auxiliary Trigger input connector on the oscilloscope rear panel Types The digitizing oscilloscope provides two types of triggers for the main trigger system edge and video These triggers are described in individual articles found in the section n Detail A brief definition of each type follows s Edge the basic trigger You can use it with both analog and digital test circuits An edge trigger event occurs when the trigger source the signal the trigger circuit is monitoring passes through a specified volt age level in the specified direction the trigger s ope P Video Trigger Optional A video trigger helps simplify the triggering and viewing of video TV sig
58. val Negative polarity is the standard for horizontal and vertical synch puises However you may want to trigger on a positive polarity pulse when probing al circuitry that inverts the video signal You can easily change the polarity by using the Syne Polarity option Press the TRIGGER MENU Sync Polarity main Neg Sync or Pos Sync side TV Delay Mode You specify the delay for a video trigger with the TV Delay Mode option since video signals are composed of line information and other time speci fied components the TV Delay Mode option lets you delay by lines or time see Figure 3 59 Press the TRIGGER MENU TV Delay Mode main Delay by Lines or Delay by Time side Use the general purpose knob to enter the value If you want to enter a large number using the general purpose knob press the SHIFT button before turning the knob When the light next to the SHIFT button is on and the display says Coarse Knobs in the upper right corner the general purpose knob speeds up significantly Run 1 00MS s Sampie Delay by Lines 5 ae A TEENS ee Sere rie Delay by Time ons Sync Polaritv Negative Figure 3 59 Video Trigger Menu TV Delay Mode TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 103 Video Triggering 3 104 Scan If you selected NTSC PAL or SECAM in the Class menu there is a Scan menu that lets you choose between triggering on the first field the second field or both Press the TRI
59. valid trigger event and stop In Envelope or Average mode the digitizing oscilloscope makes the specified number of acquisitions to complete the averaging or envelop ing task If the oscilloscope is in equivalent time mode and you press Single Acquisition Sequence side it continues to recognize trigger events and acquire samples until the waveform record is filled amp Limit Test Condition Met side lets you acquire waveforms until wave form data exceeds the limits specified in the limit test Then acquisition stops At that point you can also specify other actions for the oscillo scope to take using the selections available in the Limit Test Setup main menu TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 7 Acquisition Modes NOTE In order for the digitizing oscilloscope to stop acquisition when limit test conditions are met limit testing must be turned ON using the Limit Test Setup main menu Setting up limit testing requires several more steps You can create the template waveform against which to compare incoming waveforms using the Create Limit Test Template main menu item You can then specify that the comparison is to be made and the channel to compare against the template using the Limit Test Sources main menu item For More See Acquisition on page 2 17 Information See Limit Testing on page 3 44 3 8 Reference Operation Autoset Defaults Autoset The autoset function lets you quickly obtain an
60. whether you select NTSC PAL or SECAM and if you trigger on interlaced field one or two see friggering on page 2 11 Heference Waveform Math You can mathematically manipulate your waveforms For example you might have a waveform clouded by background noise You can obtain a cleaner waveform by subtracting the background noise from your original waveform This manual describes the standard waveform math features invert add subtract and multiply See the TDS Family Option 2F Instruction Manual if your oscilloscope is equipped with that option Operation To perform waveform math press the MORE button to bring up the More menu Figure 3 63 The More menu allows you to display define and manipulate math functions Run 1 00MS s Sample t Change Math waveform definition Figure 3 63 More Menu Math1 Math2 and Math3 1 Press MORE Math1 Math2 or Math3 main to select the waveform that you want to display or change TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 107 Waveform Math NOTE If your digitizing oscilloscope is equipped with Option 2F Advanced DSP Math the menu item FFT will be at the same brightness as the menu items Single Wfm Math and Dual Wfm Math otherwise FFT wili be dimmed See the TDS Family Option 2F Instruction Manual for information on FFTs and other advanced math wave forms 2 Press Change Math waveform definition side Single Wim Math
61. your file to your hardcopy device First ensure your printer or plotter is properly attached to your PC Then copy the file For example if your file is called screen and your printer is attached to the lot parallel port type copy screen ipti B Your hardcopy device should now print a picture of the digitizing oscillo scope screen see Remote Communication on page 3 76 See the TDS Family Option 13 Instruction Manual Option 13 equipped instruments only Reference Operation Help The on line help system provides brief information about each of the digitiz ing oscilloscope controls To use the on line heip system Press HELP to provide on screen information on any front panel button knob or menu item see Figure 3 22 When you press that button the instrument changes mode to support on line help Press HELP again to return to regular operating mode Whenev er the oscilloscope is in heip mode pressing any button except HELP or SHIFT turning any knob or pressing any menu item displays help text on the screen that discusses that control The menu selections that are displayed when HELP is first pressed remain on the screen On line help is available for each menu selection displayed at the time the HELP button is first pressed If you are in help mode and want to see help on selections from non displayed menus you first exit help mode display the menu you want information on and press HELP again to re
62. 0 3 32 3 78 Off Bus 3 78 Port 3 78 System 3 32 3 78 Talk Listen Address 3 78 V V Limit Acquire menu 3 45 Variable Persistence Display menu 3 23 Vectors 3 22 Vectors Display menu 3 22 Vertical 3 9 Bar cursors 2 27 3 11 G 9 Control 3 98 3 100 Offset 2 23 3 100 Position 2 23 3 98 POSITION knob 2 23 Readout 3 98 Scale 3 98 SCALE knob 7 10 2 23 system 7 70 2 23 Vertical menu 100 MHz 3 700 20 MHz 3 700 Bandwidth 3 700 Coupling 3 99 Fine Scale 3 700 Full 3 700 Offset 3 700 Position 3 700 Set to Zero 3 700 VERTICAL MENU button 7 75 Vertical POSITION knob 3 98 Vertical Readout 3 98 Vertical SCALE knob 3 98 VGA display A 43 Video Class Video Trigger menu 3 102 Video Output Acceptable Cable A 20 Description A 73 Video Standards 2 13 Video Trigger Fields 2 72 interiacing 2 12 NTSC Standard 2 13 PAL Standard 2 13 SECAM Standard 2 13 Standards 2 13 Sync Pulse 2 12 Video trigger 2 12 3 101 Video Trigger Menu Neg Sync 3 703 Pos Sync 3 103 Video Trigger menu 3 101 Auto 3 106 Ch1 Ch2 3 102 Custom 3 102 Delay by Lines 3 703 Delay by Time 3 703 Interlaced Field One 3 704 Interlaced Field Two 3 104 Mode amp Holdoff 3 106 Noninteriaced Both Fields 3 104 Normal 3 706 NTSC 3 102 PAL 3 102 Hate 1 3 705 Rate 2 3 105 Rate 3 3 705 Rate 4 3 705 Scan Parameter 3 104 1 8 Index SECAM 3 102 Source 3 102 Sync
63. 0 lbs plus the weight of rackmount parts for the rackmounted digitizing oscilloscope Option 1R 16 3 kg 36 0 Ibs when the rackmounted digitizing oscilloscope is packaged for domestic shipment Rackmount conversion kit 4 5 kg 10 0 Ibs parts only 7 9 kg 17 5 Ibs parts plus pack age for domestic shipping TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 13 Appendix B Specification Table A 13 Nominal Traits Mechanical Cont Name Description Standard digitizing oscilloscope Height 191 mm 7 5 in when feet and accessories pouch are installed 165 mm 6 5 in without the accessories pouch installed Width 362 mm 14 25 in with handie Depth 471 mm 18 55 in oscilloscope only 490 mm 19 28 in with optional front cover installed 564 mm 22 2 in with handle fully extended Rackmount digitizing oscilloscope Height 178 mm 7 0 in Width 483 mm 19 0 in Depth 472 mm 18 6 in without front panel handles 517 mm 20 35 in with front panel handles instalied Overall Dimensions A 14 Appendices Warranted Characteristics Appendix B Specification This subsection lists the various warranted characteristics that describe the TDS 400 Digitizing Oscilloscopes Inciuded are electrical and environmental Characteristics Warranted characteristics are described in terms of quantifiable performance limits which are warranted This subsection lists only warranted characteristics A
64. 00 c ccs cece eee eee eere A 24 Appendix D Packaging for Shipment L A 37 Appendix E Factory Initialization Settings A 39 Appendix F Remote Display sss A 43 Contents Figure 1 1 Figure 1 2 Figure 1 3 Figure 1 4 Figure 1 5 Figure 1 6 Figure 1 7 Figure 1 8 Figure 1 9 Figure 1 10 Figure 1 11 Figure 1 12 Figure 1 13 Figure 1 14 Figure 1 15 Figure 1 16 Figure 1 17 List of Figures Rear Panel Controls Used in Stat Up DNSTBY BUNCH S aci a pcr epe Cbar ER PER OD s Connecting a Probe for the Examples SETUP BURON LOCAUON iae cct OO ares The Displayed Setup Menu luuss The Recall Factory Side Menu SET LEVEL TO 50 BURON aa on al os ca aaa The Display After Factory Initialization The VERTICAL and HORIZONTAL Controls TRIGGER Controls su RE REC ERR Rex ES AUTOSET Button LOCatON cvs oo ERES De e e The Dispiay After Pressing Autoset 222222 Display Signals Requiring Probe Compensation The Channel Buttons and Lights The Vertical Main Menu and Coupling Side Menu The Menus After Changing Channels Measure Main Menu and Select Measurement SV VON POOR POPE Figure 1 18 Figure 1 19 Figure 1 20 Figure 1 21 Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 Figure 2 3 Figure 2 4 Figure 2 5 Figure 2 6 Figure
65. 022 Conducted Class B EN 50082 1 immunity IEC 801 2 Electrostatic Discharge IEC 801 3 RF Radiated IEC 801 4 Fast Transients IEC 801 5 Surge Contents DALEY Summary sd eoe xw vane enun e CUP C C Dl CROACIE Preface Getting Started Operating Basics Overview At a Glance Triggering Acquisition To d KS X ho Ww AH WS WM b AH hb HH HHA HK M Y W He M B B S 9 X BN E b EY X E M NM a 4 OM bo hob Mo AK h M Kho WS X d W m onun B b b bh hM ROB ann 3 X X 9 M E x kee bo X RH Wk He HR Hee HH HHS 5 wo ma 9 TE WF 4d W U E b Yo EN B ROS T 5 BH NM BH E 3 HN NH NH 9 8H E X BN NH 32 NH BH K X E 3 2 y MY NW NB B M k X W W WW hM MW amp A b bk EH T NB EEE Y NH N X 94 NB NB NH XS 9 U 9 NUN BN NM NH NH GU Z N X 4 NM NM NH NH E 9 3 W 94 k K 4 MW bh 2 9 M X X E X 3 amp NW S X B WM 2 3 4 WW UV W NM H Wy 9 9 W6 T W W MK MW M h HD B NH EU NB HB NH 49 HN E X UV U KR NB EK HN EU X EK TY 4 NB 9 NBN E X E 3 5 BERR hb W 4H W k W Scaling and Positioning Waveforms cccereceeeseeens Measurements Reference Overview MCGUISINON MOGES an ei Autoset e n S BN NH NH D E E 9 2 X N BH 43 3 E B R KH HH KH 9 amp X W M NB NB NW M W HH W HH HH bk k Cursor Measurements 0 0 ccc ccc e neuen ween an RS are nn Delayed Tr
66. 1 14 Getting Started Example 2 Multiple Waveforms 3 Press AUTOSET 4 Press CH 2 The display shows a second waveform which represents the signal on channel 2 Since there is nothing connected to the CH 2 input connec tor this waveform is a flat line There are several other important things to observe m The channel readout on the display now shows the settings for both Ch1 and Ch2 m There are two channel indicators at the left edge of the graticule Right now they overlap m Thelight next to the CH 2 button is now on and the CH 1 light is off Because the knobs control only one channel at a time the vertical controls are now set to adjust channel 2 Thetrigger readout still indicates that the trigger is detecting trigger events on Ch1 The trigger source is not changed simply by adding a channel You can change the trigger source by using the TRIG GER MENU button to display the trigger menu 5 Turn the vertical POSITION knob clockwise to move the channel 2 waveform up on the graticuie Notice that the channel reference indica tor for channel 2 moves with the waveform 6 Press VERTICAL MENU Coupling main The VERTICAL MENU button displays a menu that gives you control over many vertical channel parameters Figure 1 15 Although there can be more than one channel displayed the vertical menu and buttons only adiust the selected channel Each menu item in the Vertical menu displays a side menu Right
67. 10 Glossary Numbers 1 seconds Hz Cursor menu 3 15 100 MHZ Vertical menu 3 100 20 MHz Vertical menu 3 700 A AC coupling 2 15 G 1 AC line voltage trigger input 2 72 AC Main Trigger menu 3 28 Accessories A 1 A 8 Optional A 5 Probes A 4 A 5 A 8 Software A 7 A 8 Standard A 4 A 6 A 7 Accuracy G 1 Acquire menu 3 6 3 44 Average 3 6 Average mode 3 44 Compare Ch1 to 3 46 Compare Ch2 to 3 46 Create Limit Test Template 3 44 Envelope 3 6 H Limit 3 45 Hardcopy if Condition Met 3 46 Hi Res 3 6 Limit Test 3 47 Limit Test Condition Met 3 47 Limit Test Setup 3 46 3 47 Limit Test Sources 3 46 Mode 3 6 OFF Real Time Only 3 6 OK Store Template 3 45 ON Enable ET 3 6 Peak Detect 3 6 Repetitive Signal 3 6 Ring Bell if Condition Met 3 46 HUN STOP 3 7 Sample 3 6 Single Acquisition Sequence 3 7 Stop After 3 6 3 47 Stop After Limit Test Condition Met 3 46 Tempiate Source 3 44 V Limit 3 45 ACQUIRE MENU button 3 6 3 44 Acquisition 2 17 2 21 3 9 G 1 Interval G 7 Modes Average 3 5 Envelope 3 4 Hi Res 3 4 Peak detect 3 2 Sample 3 2 Readout 3 5 Active cursor G 1 Active voltage probes 3 71 3 72 active Saved waveform status 3 86 Algorithms A 24 A 36 Aliasing 2 24 G 1 Amplitude 3 49 G 1 Area 3 49 G 1 Attenuation G 1 Auto Main Trigger menu 3 30 Auto Video Trigger menu 3 706 Automated Measurements Snapshot of 1 21 Automated measure
68. 16 Utility Menu System 1 O Setting Hardcopy Parameters To specify the hardcopy format layout and type of port using the hardcopy menu 1 Press SHIFT HARDCOPY MENU to bring up the Hardcopy menu 2 Press Format main Thinkjet Deskjet Laserjet Epson Interieaf TIFF PCX BMP EPS Image EPS Mono EPS Color EPS stands for Encapsulated Postscript or HPGL side Press more side to see ail of these format choices 3 Press SHIFT HARDCOPY MENU Layout main Landscape or Portrait side see Figure 3 17 4 Press SHIFT HARDCOPY MENU Port main to specify the output channel to send your hardcopy through Uniess your instrument is equipped with Option 13 the only choice is GPIB If your instrument is equipped with Option 13 see the TDS Family Option 13 Instruction Manual for setting up hardcopy over the RS 232 and Centronics ports 3 32 Reference Hardcopy Landscape Format Portrait Format Figure 3 17 Hardcopy Formats Printing the Hardcopy You can print a single hardcopy or send additional hardcopies to the spool queue while waiting for earlier hardcopies to finish printing To print your hardcopy ies Press HARDCOPY to print your hardcopy While the hardcopy is being sent to the printer the oscilloscope displays the message Hardcopy in process Press HARDCOPY to abort To stop and discard the hardcopy being sent press HARDCOPY again while the hardcopy in process message is st
69. 23 TVC 50123 tQualitative signal evaluat on use when a great deal of accuracy is not required such as when making go no go measurements 2Functional testing use when the device under test is being compared to some standard 3Quantitative Signal Evaluation use when detailed evaluation is needed TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 75 Hemote Communication You may want to integrate your oscilloscope into a system environment and remotely contro your oscilloscope or exchange measurement or waveform data with a computer You can control your oscilloscope remotely via the IEEE Std 488 2 1987 GPIB interface GPIB Protocol GPIB enables data transfers between instruments that support the GPIB protocols It provides m Remote instrument control m Bidirectional data transfer m Device compatibility m Status and event reporting Besides the base protocols Tektronix has defined codes and formats for messages to travel over GPIB Each device that follows these codes and formats such as the TDS 410 TDS 420 and TDS 460 supports standard commands Use of instruments that support these commands can greatly simplify development of GPIB systems GPIB Interface Requirements You can connect GPIB networks in many configurations if you follow these rules m No more than 15 devices including the controller can be on a single bus m Connect one device load every two meters about six feet of cable length to maintain bus el
70. 4 Appendices AC X LL Glossary AC coupling A type of signal transmission that blocks the DC component of a signal but uses the dynamic AC component Useful for observing an AC signal that is normaily riding on a DC signal Accuracy The closeness of the indicated value to the true value Acquisition The process of sampling signals from input channels digitizing the samples into data points and assembling the data points into a waveform record The waveform record is stored in memory The trigger marks time zero in that process Acquisition interval The time duration of the waveform record divided by the record length The digitizing oscilloscope displays one data point for every acquisition intervai Active cursor The cursor that moves when you turn the general purpose knob It is represented in the display by a solid line The readout on the display shows the absolute value of the active cursor Aliasing A faise representation of a signal due to insufficient sampling of high frequencies or fast transitions A condition that occurs when a digitizing oscilloscope digitizes at an effective sampling rate that is too slow to reproduce the input signal The waveform displayed on the oscilloscope may have a lower frequency than the actual input signal Amplitude The High waveform value less the Low waveform value Area Measurement of the waveform area taken over the entire waveform or the gated region Expre
71. 56 Heference Measurement System 2 Press Measure Delay to side repeatedly or turn the general purpose knob to choose the delay to waveform For TDS 420 and TDS 460 the choices are Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4 and Math1 Math2 Math3 Reft Ref2 Ref3 and Hef4 For TDS 410 the choices are Chi Ch2 and Math1 Math2 Math3 Refi Ref2 Ref3 and Ref4 Run er Sampie inr Delay to Chi T jj Delay from Selected wim Measure m to I Verify or change the waveform to which Dela ZEE will be measured the Search Direction and the Edges at which to measure when you are Satisfied with the selections press Create Measurement Press CLEAR MENU to return to the Measure H eni i menu without creating the Delay measurement Tom i Figure 3 30 Measure Delay Menu Deiay To Delay Edges The main menu item Edges lets you specify which edges you want the delayed measurement to be made between Press MEASURE Select Measrmnt main Delay side Edges main A side menu of delay edges and directions appears Choose from one of the combinations displayed on the side menu The upper waveform on each icon represents the from waveform and the lower one represents the fo waveform The direction arrows on the choices let you specify a forward search on both waveforms or a forward search on the from waveform and a backwards search on the to waveform The latter choice is useful for isolating a
72. C coupling the digitizing oscilloscope will not accurately display frequencies under 200 kHz Operating Basics Acquisition For More See Scaling and Positioning Waveforms on page 2 22 Information See Acquisition Modes on page 3 2 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 21 Scaling and Positioning Waveforms Scaling and positioning waveforms means increasing or decreasing their displayed size and moving them up down right and left on the display Two display icons the channel reference indicator and the record view help you quickly see the position of the waveform in the display see Figure 2 9 The channel reference icon points to the ground of the waveform record when offset is set to O V This is the point about which the waveform con tracts or expands when the vertical scale is changed The record view at the top of the display indicates where the trigger occurs and what part of the waveform record is displayed Record View pf Original Position Positioned Vertically Positioned Horizontally Scaled Vertically Scaled Horizontally Original Scale Figure 2 9 Scaling and Positioning 2 22 Operating Basics Vertical System Horizontal System Scaling and Positioning Waveforms You can adjust the vertical position of the selected waveform by moving it up or down on the display For example when trying to compare multiple waveforms you can put one above another and compare them or you
73. DS 460 User Manual 3 71 Probe Selection amplifiers to precisely connect your instrument to your device under test These probes have the same electrical characteristics as high speed active probes but use a smailer mechanical design Current Probes Current probes enable you to directly observe and measure current wave forms which can be very different from voltage signals Tektronix current probes are unique in that they can measure from DC to 1 GHz Two types of current probes are available one that measures AC current only and AC DC probes that utilize the Hall effect to accurately measure the AC and DC components of a signal AC oniy current probes use a trans former to convert AC current flux into a voltage signal to the oscilloscope and have a frequency response from a few hundred Hertz up to 1 GHz AC DC current probes include Hail effect semiconductor devices and pro vide frequency response from DC to 50 MHz Use a current probe by clipping its jaws around the wire carrying the current that you want to measure Unlike an ammeter which you must connect in series with the circuit Because current probes are non invasive with load ing typically in the milliohm to low Q range they are especialiy useful where low loading of the circuit is important Current probes can aiso make differ ential measurements by measuring the results of two opposing currents in two conductors in the jaws of the probe Figure 3 39 A6303 Current P
74. Delay Video Mode Option 05 Equipped Line Rate Class Four classes are provided as follows Instruments Only m NTSC which provides a default line rate compatible with the NTSC standard 525 60 m PAL which provides a default line rate compatible with the PAL standard 625 50 w SECAM which provides a default line rate compatible with the SECAM standard 625 50 m Custom which provides user selectable line rate ranges see Custom Line Rate Ranges below Custom Line Rate Ranges 15 KHz 20 kHz 20 kHz 25 kHz 25 kHz 35 kHz and 35 kHz 64 kHz Holdoff Automatically adjusts to 50 ms nominal for NTSC class to 140 ms nominal for PAL and SECAM Triggerable on Field Selections Odd Even or Both Delayed Acquisition Settable for delay by line number or runs after time delay SThe maximum frequency for a delaying events input 6The minimum puise width and rearm width required for recognizing a delaying event Table A 23 Typica Characteristics Data Handling Name Description Time Data Retention Nonvolatile Internal batteries installed at time of manufacture have a life of Memory 4 gt 5 years when operated and or stored at an ambient temperature from 0 C to 50 C Retention time of the nonvolatile memories is equal to the remaining life of the batteries TThe time that reference waveforms stored setups and calibration constants are retained when there is no power to the oscilloscope D
75. G 8 Save Setups 3 84 3 85 Save Current Setup Save Recall Setup menu 3 84 Save Waveform Save Recall Wave form menu 3 86 Save Recall SETUP button 3 84 Save recall SETUP button 1 7 Save Recall Setup menu 2 9 3 84 factory status 3 84 Recall Factory Setup 3 85 Recall Saved Setup 3 85 Save Current Setup 3 84 user status 3 84 Save Recall WAVEFORM button 3 86 Save Recali Waveform menu 2 9 3 86 active status 3 86 Delete Refs 3 87 empty status 3 86 Refi Ref2 Ref3 Ref4 3 87 Save Waveform 3 86 Saving Waveforms 3 86 Saving and recalling setups 7 23 3 84 Saving and recalling waveforms 3 86 Scan Parameter Video Trigger menu 3 104 SECAM Video Standard 2 13 SECAM Video Trigger menu 3 102 seconds Cursor menu 3 75 Select Measrmnt Measure menu 3 52 3 56 Selected waveform G 8 Selecting channeis 3 69 Self test 7 5 Set 1st Source to More menu 3 109 Set 2nd Source to More menu 3 109 Set Function to More menu 3 708 SET LEVEL TO 50 button 3 95 Set Levels in units Measure menu 3 55 Set operator to More menu 3 109 Set Single Source to More menu 3 108 Set to 1096 Horizontal menu 3 43 Set to 50 Delayed Trigger menu 3 21 Set to 50 Horizontal menu 3 43 Set to 50 Main Trigger menu 3 29 3 95 Set to 90 Horizontal menu 3 43 Set to ECL Delayed Trigger menu 3 20 Set to ECL Main Trigger menu 3 29 Set to TTL Delayed Trig
76. GER MENU Type main Edge pop up gt Level main Level Set to TTL Set to ECL or Set to 50 side Level lets you enter the trigger level using the general purpose knob m Set to TTL fixes the trigger level at 1 4 V amp Set to ECL fixes the trigger level at 1 3 V NOTE When you set the volts div smaller than 200 mV the oscilloscope reduces the Set to TTL or Set to ECL trigger levels below standard TTL and ECL levels This happens because the trigger level range is fixed at 12 divisions from the center At 100 mV the next small er setting after 200 mV the trigger range is 1 2 V which is smaller than the typical TTL 1 4 V or ECL 1 3 V level amp Set to 50 fixes the trigger level to approximately 50 of the peak to peak value of the trigger source signal TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 29 Edge Triggering Mode amp Holdoff You can change the hoidoff time and select the trigger mode using this menu item See Triggering on page 2 11 for more details 1 Press the TRIGGER MENU Mode amp Holdoff main Auto or Nor mal side x in Auto mode the oscilloscope acquires a waveform after a specific time has elapsed even if a trigger does not occur The amount of time the oscilloscope waits depends on the time base setting In Normal mode the oscilloscope acquires a waveform only if there is a valid trigger 2 To change the holdoff time press Holdoff side En
77. GGER MENU Scan main Interlaced Field One Inter laced Field Two or Noninterlaced Both Fields side see Figure 3 60 Run 1 60MS s Sample aaa a a Oe A errem neminem eve mme C 20a aus zn Tq ETT npe nm pem tone pnya gaa lk 2 le eee ee Re ie MCN nad dg wur ao Era e d ee PERS Rub Far ep ee a rS Saar Md iod Lr i EC ID n Qs Interlaced Field One nteriaced ield Two tNonlinterlaced Ld Both Fields polarity ar Negative Field 2 Figure 3 60 Video Trigger Scan Parameter If you choose Interlaced Fieid One the digitizing oscilloscope always triggers on the start of the first field in an interlaced frame If you choose Interlaced Field Two the digitizing oscilloscope always triggers on the first line of the second field in an interlaced frame lf you choose Noninterlaced Both Fields the digitizing oscillo scope alternates between triggering on the start of field one and field two Reference Video Triggering Scan Rate amp Interlace If you selected Custom in the Class menu the Scan Rate amp Interiace option lists several frequency range options see Figure 3 61 The options are Rate 1 15 20 kHz Rate 2 20 25 kHz Rate 3 25 35 kHz and Rate 4 35 64 kHz By toggling the button next to the Interlaced option you can trigger on interlaced field one interlaced field two or both fields noninteriaced Run 1 00MS s Sample interiace OFF
78. If the shape of the displayed waveform changes drastically you may have aliasing in order to represent a signal accurately and avoid aliasing you must sam ple the signal more than twice as fast as the highest frequency component For example a signal with frequency components of 500 MHz would need to be sampled at a rate faster than 1 Gigasamples second There are various ways to prevent aliasing Try adiusting the horizontal scale or simply press the AUTOSET button You can also counteract some aliasing by changing the acquisition mode in the Acquisition menu For example if you are using the sample mode and suspect aliasing you may want to change to the peak detect mode Since the peak detect mode searches for sampies with the highest and lowest values it can detect faster signal components over time Delayed Time Base You can set a main time base and a delayed time base Each time base has its own trigger There are two types of delayed time base acquisitions with each based on its triggering relationship to the main time base These are delayed runs after main and delay triggerable after time events or both acquisitions The delayed time base is useful in catching events that follow other events See Triggering on page 2 11 for more information on the delayed trigger 2 24 Operating Basics Zoom Autoset For More Information Scaling and Positioning Waveforms You can use zoom to see more detail without changin
79. If you interrupt or lose power to the instrument while signal path compensation is running a message is stored in the oscilloscope error log If such a case occurs rerun signal path compensation The error message re mains in the error log until cleared using specia service software 3 Press SHIFT UTILITY gt System main Cal pop up gt Signal Path main gt OK Compensate Signal Paths side Wait for signal path compensation to complete one to three minutes While it progresses a clock icon shown at left is displayed on screen When compensation completes the status message is updated to Pass or Fail in the main menu Verify the word Pass appears under Signal Path in the main menu See Figure 3 51 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 91 Signal Path Compensation Run 199k5 5 sample p 3 ren ren t er TRIN 4 l Signal Path JCompensat on Signal Path Compensation SPC corrects for DC inaccuracies caused by ambient temperature i variations and or long term drift SPC can be run at any time after the instrument is DAHER Gy and should be run whenever the 1 instrument s ambient temperature has changed i BY more than 5 C y affected DY Input signa with AC components Disconnect or otherwise Compensate i Signal Paths aqe reg gH Fred Reference Response i Response Pass Pass Pass Figure 3 51 Performing a Signal Path Compensation 3 92 Reference Operation
80. K V OV OW o t n e 2 4 2 amp B b I 34 k WW 4 He b bo do b d B b d b 4 Xx b t Y o NW 3 9 NW NW bh 4 8 B8 NM HN NW NW 4 4 NW 4 bh b X EK X X t 4 vr ee ee G3 XoO93 4 9 93 93 XoO amp er ee B 3 X DP X 9 3 9 93 f 4 O V 4 o o4 zu 9 X amp gt 4 8 Table A 24 Factory Initialization Defaults e o5 49 03 OM t b 9 ow o m amp 6 xd A 13 TT A 13 kis A 15 T A 17 T A 18 ac A 19 m A 19 Y A 20 A 21 T A 22 T A 22 T A 23 m A 39 A 43 Contents Symbols and Terms Safety Summary Please take a moment to review these safety precautions They are provided for your protection and to prevent damage to the digitizing oscilloscope This safety information applies to ali operators and service personnel These two terms appear in manuals statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the equipment or other property E statements identify conditions or practices that could result in personal injury or loss of life These two terms appear on equipment m CAUTION indicates a personal injury hazard not immediately accessible as one reads the marking or a hazard to property including the equip ment itself w DANGER indicates a personal injury hazard immediately accessible as one reads the marking This symbol appears in manuals Static Sensit
81. MENU SET LEVEL TO 50 FORCE TRIGGER M aks Figure 1 7 SET LEVEL TO 50 Button Figure 1 8 shows the display that results from the instrument reset There are several important points to observe TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual The trigger level bar shows that the waveform is triggered at a level near 5096 of its amplitude from step 4 The trigger position indicator shows that the trigger position of the waveform is located at the horizontal center of the graticule The channel reference indicator shows the vertical position of channel 1 with no input signal This indicator points to the ground level for the channel when its vertical offset is set to 0 V in the vertical menu when vertical offset is not set to 0 V the indicator points to the vertical offset level The trigger readout shows that the digitizing oscilloscope is triggering on channel 1 Ch1 on a rising edge and that the trigger level is about 200 300 mV The t me base readout shows that the main time base is set to a horizon tal scale of 500 us div The channel readout indicates that channel 1 Ch1 is displayed with DC coupling In AC coupling appears after the volts div readout The digitizing oscilloscope always displays channel 1 at reset Example 1 Displaying a Waveform Trigger Position indicator Channel Ground Reference Indicator Trigger Readout Time Base Readout Run tO0kS s Sample Be N Ben m A
82. Record view 2 5 Snapshot 3 58 Time base 2 5 Trigger 2 5 3 96 irigger Level Bar 3 23 Trigger Point 3 23 Readout Display menu 3 23 Real time sampling 2 78 Real time sampling G 7 Rear panel 2 4 3 78 Recall Setups 3 84 3 85 Recall Factory Setup Save Recall Setup menu 3 85 Recall Saved Setup Save Recall Setup menu 3 85 Recalling Waveforms 3 86 Record length 7 2 2 78 3 42 A 2 G 7 Record Length Horizontal menu 3 42 Record View 2 22 3 41 3 96 Record view 2 5 Refi Ref2 Ref3 Ref4 Reference waveform status 3 87 Refit Ref2 Ref3 Ref4 Save Recall Waveform menu 3 87 Reference levels 1 20 3 55 Reference Levels Measure menu Reference memory G 7 Remote communication 3 76 3 79 Remove Measrmnt Measure menu 3 53 3 59 Repetitive Signal Acquire menu 3 6 Reset Zoom Factors Zoom menu 3 112 Retractable hook tip 3 67 Ring Bell if Condition Met Acquire menu 3 46 Rise time 1 19 3 51 G 7 Rising edge Delayed Trigger menu 3 20 Rising edge Main Trigger menu 3 29 RMS 3 57 G 7 Roll G 7 Roll Mode 3 80 3 83 Triggered 3 82 Triggered with Single Sequence 3 82 Untriggered 3 80 Untriggered with Single Sequence 3 80 RS 232 Port optional 3 76 RS 232 Port optional 3 32 3 35 RUN STOP Acquire menu 3 7 S Safety vii oymbois vil Sampie acquisition mode 3 2 G 8 Sample interval G 8 Sample Acquire menu 3 6 sampling 2 78
83. S 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 21 Example 3 Automated Measurements The snapshot display includes the notation Ch 1 meaning that the measurements displayed are taken on the channel 1 waveform You take a snapshot of a waveform in another channel by first selecting that channel using the channel selection buttons The snapshot measurements do not continuously update Snapshot executes a one time capture of all measurements and does not update those measurements unless it is performed again 2 Press Again side to do another snapshot and update the snapshot measurements 3 Press Remove Measrmnt main to remove the snapshot display You can aiso press CLEAR MENU but a new snapshot will be executed the next time you display the Measure menu 1 22 Getting Started Saving a Setup Au Example 4 Saving Setups This example shows you how to save ali the settings of the digitizing oscillo scope and how to recall the setup later to quickly re establish the previously saved state The oscilloscope provides several storage locations where you can save the setups Besides being able to save several complete setups the digitizing oscillo scope remembers all the parameter settings when you power it off That feature lets you power on and continue where you left off without having to reconstruct the state of the digitizing oscilloscope First you need to create an instrument setup you want to save The next several steps e
84. S ARN PER OB EEN EE RE EEY DEF CAN E IONE DEN rr ER Lue PE LE ESR A PRPA PE gt Intersifled e Samples 3 i i i Infinite Pig Eu cT TEES EE T 298mV M3 00ms Chi 7 van Persistence Readout Filter Options Sintx3 N Style yie Graticule Vectors vi intensity Full Figure 3 12 Display Menu Style Display Style Press DISPLAY Style main Vectors intensified Sampies Dots Infinite Persistence or Variable Persistence side Figure 3 12 u Vectors has the display draw vectors lines between the record points amp Dots display waveform record points as dots Intensified Samples also displays waveform record points as dots However the points actually sampied are displayed intensified relative to the interpolated points The contrast between real and interpolated points is set to a fixed value 3 22 Reference Display Modes In addition to choosing intensified Samples in the side menu the oscillo scope must be interpolating equivalent time must be off or Zoom must be on with its horizontal expansion greater that 1X See interpolation on page 2 18 see Zoom beginning on page 3 110 amp Variable Persistence lets the record points accumulate on screen over many acquisitions and remain displayed oniy for a specific time interval In that mode the display behaves like that of an analog oscilloscope You enter the time for that option wit
85. SMT Probe 350 MHz P6048 TTL Logic Probe Probe Accessories The following optional accessories are recommended for use with the stan dard probe listed under Standard Accessories Table A 5 Probe Accessories Accessory Part Number Connector BNC BNC to Probe Tip Adapter 013 0226 00 Connector BNC 50 Q BNC to Probe Tip Adapter 013 0227 00 Connector Probe Package of 100 compact 131 4244 00 Connector Probe Package of 25 compact 131 5031 00 Appendices Appendix A Options and Accessories Table A 5 Probe Accessories Cont Accessory Part Number Screwdriver Adjustment Tool Package of five 003 1433 01 Compact to Miniature Probe Tip Adapter 013 0202 02 Probe Tip Holder holds three tips 352 0670 00 3 Inch Slip On Ground Lead 196 3113 03 Probe Holder Black ABS 352 0351 00 IC Protector Tip Package of 10 015 0201 07 IC Protector Tip Package of 100 015 0201 08 Marker Ring Set Two each of nine colors 016 0633 00 SMT KlipChip V 20 Adapters SMG50 Low Inductance Spring Tips Two each of five different 016 1077 00 springs and insulator Probe Tip to Chassis Adapter 131 4210 00 NOTE The next four items below can only be used with the Compact to Miniature Probe Tip Adapter Dual Lead Adapter 015 0325 00 BNC to Probe Tip Adapter 013 0084 01 G R to Probe Tip Adapter 50 Q 017 0088 00 Bayonet Ground Assembly 013 0085 00 Accessory Software The following option
86. Since video signals are used to transmit television signais they are highly standardized There are three dominant standards in the world today NTSC PAL and SECAM m The NTSC standard was developed in the United States and is used in the U S Canada and Japan It has a line rate of 525 lines per frame and a field rate of 60 Hz a The PAL standard is used in Europe and many other parts of the world it generally has a line rate of 625 lines per frame and a field rate of 50 Hz amp The SECAM standard is used in France and USSR It generally has a line rate of 625 lines per frame and a fieid rate of 50 Hz The oscilloscope lets you select from three predefined setups NTSC PAL or SECAM or you can customize the setup The custom option lets you analyze the wide variety of video signals that do not adhere to NTSC PAL or SECAM standards That option has several frequency ranges to choose from The trigger mode determines how the oscilloscope behaves in the absence of a trigger event The digitizing oscilloscope provides two different trigger modes normal and automatic TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 13 Triggering e Normal this trigger mode lets the oscilloscope acquire a waveform only when it is triggered If no trigger occurs the oscilloscope not ac quire a waveform You can push FORCE TRIGGER to force the oscillo scope to make a single acquisition amp Automatic this trigger mode auto mode lets
87. TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 51 Measurement System Measurement Display The readout area for measurements is on the right side of the waveform window You can display and continuously update as many as four measure ments at any one time When menus are displayed the readouts appear in the graticule area If the menu area is empty then the readouts are dis played to the far right see Figure 3 26 4 Chit Period 1 010ms 1 i chI width poli sesus Measurement Readout Area Mtt Morbi iq d t Duty 50 4 Ch Over 3 3 Figure 3 26 Measurement Readouts Operation To use the automatic measurements you first need to obtain a stable display of the waveform to be measured Pressing AUTOSET may help Once you have a stable display press MEASURE to bring up the Measure menu Figure 3 27 Selecting a Measurement Measurements are made on the selected waveform The measurement display tells you the channel the measurement is being made on 1 Press MEASURE Select Measrmnt main 2 Select a measurement from the side menu The following are hints on making automatic measurements You can only take a maximum of four measurements at a time To add a fifth you must remove one or more of the existing measure ments 3 52 Reference Measurement System a To vary the source for measurements simply select the other chan nel and then choose the measuremenis you want u Be careful wh
88. TDS 460 Digitizing Oscilloscopes and ail factory installed options in bereinstimmung mit den Bestimmungen der Amtsblatt Verfugung 1046 1984 funkenistort ist Der Deutschen Bundespost wurde das Inverkehrbringen dieses Ger tes angezeight und die Berechtigung zur berpr fung der Serie auf Einhalten der Bestimmungen einger umt TEKTRONIX NOTICE to the user operator The German Postal Service requires that Systems assembled by the operator user of this instrument must also comply with Postal Regulation Vig 1046 1984 Par 2 Sect 1 HINWEIS f r den Benutzer Betreiber Die vom Betreiber zusammengestellte Anlage innerhalb derer dieses Ger t eingesetzt wird muB ebenfalis den Voraussetzungen nach Par 2 Ziff 1 der Vig 1046 1984 genugen NOTICE to the user operator The German Postal Service requires that this equipment when used in a test setup may only be operated if the requirements of Postal Regulation Vig 1046 1984 Par 2 Sect 1 7 1 are complied with HINWEIS f r den Benutzer Betreiber Dieses Gerat darf in MeBaufbauten nur betrieben werden wenn die Voraussetzungen des Par 2 Ziff 1 7 1 der Vig 1046 1984 eingehalten werden IS e HAS ri f Tektronix EC Declaration of Conformity Tektronix Holland N V Marktweg 73A 8444 AB Heerenveen The Netherlands declare under sole responsibility that the TDS 410 Digitizing Oscilloscope meets the intent of Directive 89 336 EEC for Electromagnet
89. Template Source side Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4 Math1 Math2 Math3 Refi Ref2 Ref3 or Ref4 side On TDS 410 press Create Limit Test Template main Template Source side Chi Ch2 Math1 Math2 Math3 Ref1 Ref2 Ref3 or Ref4 side 5ee Figure 3 25 NOTE The template will be smoother if you acquire the template waveform using Average acquisition mode If you are unsure how to do this see Acquisition Modes on page 3 6 Once you have selected a source select a destination for the template 2 Press Template Destination side Refi Ref2 Ref3 or Ref4 3 44 Reference Limit Testing Run TOGKS s Sample Template Source Chl i 1 l Limit Test Template Template E Source j Template j Destination Ref t xV Limit s0mdiwv MEX CS Nx tH Limit 4Dmdiv OK Store Template ps M 50045 Chl 108mV Limit Test Limit Test Setup Sources j Figure 3 25 Acquire Menu Create Limit Test Template Now create the envelope by specifying the amount of variation from the template that you will tolerate Tolerance values are expressed in frac tions of a major division They represent the amount by which incoming waveform data can deviate without having exceeded the limits set in the limit test The range is from 0 the incoming waveform must be exactly like the template source to 5 major divisions of tolerance 3 Press V Limit side Enter
90. This feature finds use where this digitizing oscilloscope is used to gather security sensitive data such as is done for research or development projects G 8 Glossary Glossary Time base The set of parameters that let you define the time and horizontal axis attributes of a waveform record The time base determines when and how long to acquire record points Toggle button A button that changes which of the two cursors is active Trigger An event that marks time zero in the waveform record It results in acquisition and display of the waveform Trigger level The vertical level the trigger signal must cross to generate a trigger on edge mode Vertical bar cursors The two vertical bars you position to measure the time parameter of a waveform record The oscilloscope dispiays the value of the active moveable cursor with respect to trigger and the time value be tween the bars Waveform The shape or form visible representation of a signal Waveform interval The time interval between record points as displayed XY format A display format that compares the voltage level of two waveform records point by point It is useful for studying phase relationships between two waveforms YT format The conventional oscilloscope display format It shows the voltage of a waveform record on the vertical axis as it varies over time on the horizontal axis TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual G 9 Glossary G
91. Time and CH 4 TDS 420 and TDS 460 when both channels have equal volts division and coupling settings 450 ps for any other combination of two channels with equal volts division and coupling settings TDS 420 and TDS 460 Net Offset Offset Position x Volts Div Net Offset is the voltage level at the center of the A D converter s dynamic range Offset Accuracy is the accuracy of this voltage level 4Position Accuracy is confirmed in the Performance Verification Procedure Section 4 by passing the checks for Offset Accuracy and DC Voltage Measurement Accuracy Averaged 5The limits given are for the ambient temperature range of 0 C to 30 C Reduce the upper bandwidth frequencies by 2 5 MHz for each C above 30 C A 16 Appendices Appendix B Specification Table A 14 Warranted Characteristics Signal Acquisition System Cont Name Description 1 MQ 0 526 in parallel with 15 pF 2 0 pF Matched between chan nels to within 196 for resistance and 1 0 pF for capacitance Input Impedance DC 1 MO Coupled Input Impedance DC 50 Q Coupled 50 Q 1 with VSWR lt 1 2 1 from DC 150 MHz TDS 410 and TDS 420 Input Impedance DC 50 Coupled 50 Q 1 with VSWR lt 1 6 1 from DC 350 MHz TDS 460 Input Voltage Maximum DC 1 MQ Volt Div Rating AC 1 MQ or GND Coupled 0 1 V div 10 V div 400 V DC peak AC derate at 20 dB decade above 10 MHz until the minimum rating of 5 V DC peak AC is reach
92. User Manual Tektronix TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 Digitizing Oscilloscopes 070 5034 03 This manual is for TDS 400 oscilloscopes with all serial numbers instrument Serial Numbers Each instrument manufactured by Tektronix has a serial number ona panel insert or tag or stamped on the chassis The first letter in the serial number designates the country of manufacture The last five digits of the serial number are assigned sequentially and are unique to each instrument Those manufactured in the United States have six unique digits The country of manufacture is identified as follows B010000 Tektronix Inc Beaverton Oregon USA E200000 Tektronix United Kingdom Ltd London J300000 Sony Tektronix Japan H700000 Tektronix Holland NV Heerenveen The Netherlands Instruments manufactured for Tektronix by external vendors outside the United States are assigned a two digit alpha code to identify the country of manufacture e g JP for Japan HK for Hong Kong IL for Israel etc Tektronix Inc PO Box 500 Beaverton OR 97077 Printed in U S A Copyright Tektronix Inc 1993 1994 All rights reserved Tektronix products are covered by U S and foreign patents issued and pending The following are registered trademarks TEKTRONIX TEK TEKPROBE and SCOPE MOBILE WARRANTY Tektronix warrants that this product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three 3 years from the date of ship
93. ai accessories are Tektronix software products recom mended for use with your digitizing oscilloscope Table A 6 Accessory Software Software Part Number EZ Test Program Generator S45F030 Wavewriter AWG and waveform creation S3FT400 LabWindows S3FG910 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 7 Appendix A Options and Accessories Warranty Information Check for the full warranty statements for this product the probes and the products listed above on the back of each product manuals title page A 8 m Appendices Appendix B Specification This subsection begins with a genera description of the traits of the TDS 400 Digitizing Oscilloscopes Three subsections follow one for each of three classes of traits nominal traits warranted characteristics and typical characteristics General Tektronix TDS 400 Digitizing Oscilloscopes are portable instruments suitable for use in a variety of test and measurement applications and systems Key features inciude Four input channels on the TDS 420 and TDS 460 two input channels on the TDS 410 each with a record length of 500 to 15 000 points and 8 bit vertical resolution Option 1M extends the maximum record length to 60 000 points Video triggering capabilities with Option 5 Video Trigger Full programmability and printer plotter output Advanced functions such as continuously updated measurements Specialized display modes such as infinite and var
94. ained either from an external power supply or from the oscilloscope itself NOTE When you connect an active probe to the oscilloscope such as the P6205 the input impedance of the oscilloscope automatically becomes 50 2 If you then connect a passive probe like the P6138 you need to set the input impedance back to 1 MO Vertical Control on page 3 98 explains how to change the input impedance High Speed Active Probes Active probes offer low input capacitance 1 to 2 pF typical while maintain ing the higher input resistance of passive probes 10 kQ to 10 MQ Like Zo probes active probes are useful for making accurate timing and phase measurements However they do not degrade the amplitude accuracy Active probes typically have a dynamic range of 10 to 15 V Differential Probes Differential probes determine the voltage drop between two points in a circuit under test Differential probes let you simultaneously measure two points and to display the difference between the two voltages Active differential probes are stand alone products designed to be used with 50 Q inputs The same characteristics that apply to active probes apply to active differential probes Fixtured Active Probes In some smail geometry or dense circuitry applications such as surface mounted devices SMD a hand held probe is too big to be practical You can instead use fixtured or probe card mounted active probes or buffered TDS 410 TDS 420 amp T
95. al 3 9 Bar cursors 2 27 3 11 G 4 Control 3 40 3 43 Position 3 40 POSITION knob 2 23 Readouts 3 47 Scale 3 40 SCALE knob 1 10 2 23 System 1 10 2 23 Horizontal menu 3 77 Delayed Only 3 77 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Index Delayed Runs After Main 3 17 3 42 Delayed Scale 3 42 Delayed Triggerable 3 18 3 42 Horiz Pos 3 43 Horiz Scale 3 42 Intensified 3 77 3 19 Main Scale 3 42 Record Length 3 42 Set to 10 3 43 Set to 50 3 43 Set to 90 3 43 Time Base 3 17 3 41 Trigger Position 3 42 HORIZONTAL MENU button 3 17 Horizontal POSITION knob 3 40 Horizontal Readouts 3 41 Horizontal SCALE knob 3 40 HPGL 3 31 HPGL Hardcopy menu 3 32 1 O Status menu 3 93 1 O Utility menu 3 32 3 78 IC protector tip 3 65 Icons 7 2 Independent Mode Cursor 2 27 2 28 Independent Cursor menu 3 14 Infinite Persistence Display menu 3 23 installation 7 3 1 4 Intensified Samples Display menu Intensified Horizontal menu 3 17 3 19 Intensity 3 23 G 5 Intensity Display menu 3 23 Interlaced Field One Video Trigger menu 3 104 interlaced Field Two Video Trigger menu 3 704 Interiacing 2 12 Interleaf 3 37 Interleaf Hardcopy menu 3 32 Interpolation 2 78 3 24 G 5 K Knob G 5 General purpose 7 20 2 6 G 4 Horizontal POSITION 1 10 2 23 3 40 Horizontal SCALE 1 70 2 23 3 40 MEASURE 2 28 Trigger MAIN LEVEL 7 71 2 16 Vert
96. al and time to voltage probes Most of these types are discussed here see your Tektronix Products Catalog for more information Passive voltage probes measure voltage They employ passive circuit com ponents such as resistors capacitors and inductors There are three com mon classes of passive voltage probes m General purpose high input resistance a Low impedance Zo m High voltage General Purpose High Input Resistance Probes High input resistance probes are considered typical oscilloscope probes The P6138 probes included with the digitizing oscilloscope are passive probes The high input resistance of passive probes typically 10 MO pro vides negligible DC loading and makes them a good choice for accurate DC amplitude measurements However their 8 pF to 12 pF over 60 pF for 1X capacitive loading can distort timing and phase measurements Use high input resistance passive probes for measurements involving m Device characterization above 15 V thermal drift applications x Maximum amplitude sensitivity using 1X high impedance m Large voltage range between 15 and 500 V Qualitative or go no go measurements TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 69 Probe Selection Low impedance Zo Probes Low impedance probes measure frequency more accurately than general purpose probes but they make less accurate amplitude measurements They offer a higher bandwidth to cost ratio These probes must be termin
97. amp TDS 460 User Manual G 5 Glossary Apr A Negative overshoot measurement Amplitude voltage measurement NegativeOvershoot Amplitude Negative width A timing measurement of the distance time between two amplitude points falling edge MidRef default 50 and rising edge MidRef default 50 on a negative pulse Normal trigger mode A mode on which the oscilloscope does not acquire a waveform record unless a valid trigger event occurs It waits for a valid trigger event before acquiring waveform data Oscilloscope An instrument for making a graph of two factors These are typically voltage versus time Peak Detect acquisition mode A mode in which the oscilloscope saves the minimum and maximum samples over two adjacent acquisition intervals For many glitch free signals that mode is indistinguishable from sample mode Peak detect mode works with reai time non interpolation sampling only Peak to Peak Amplitude voltage measurement of the absolute difference be tween the maximum and minimum amplitude Period A timing measurement of the time covered by one complete signal Cycle It is the reciprocal of frequency and is measured in seconds Phase A timing measurement between two waveforms of the amount one leads or lags the other in time Phase is expressed in degrees where 360 comprise one complete cycle of one of the waveforms Waveforms measured should be of the same frequency or one waveform shoui
98. anage the time base and horizontal waveform positioning on the screen When you use either the horizontal SCALE or POSITION knobs you affect all the wave form records displayed When you use either the horizontal SCALE or POSITION knobs you affect ail the waveform records displayed If you want the POSITION knob to move faster press the SHIFT button When the light above the shift button is on and the display says Coarse Knobs in the upper right corner the POSI TION knob speeds up significantly A HORIZONTAL dros tionD HORIZONTAL MENU SCALE D Figure 3 23 Horizontal Controis Reference Horizontal Control Horizontal Readouts At the top of the display the Record View shows the size and location of the waveform record and the location of the trigger relative to the display see Figure 3 24 The Time Base readout at the lower right of the display shows the time division settings and the time base main or delayed being referred to see Figure 3 24 Record View Time Base j li S A pu Main Only ME PAPA HART ORRIN RRR Delayed j Triggerable see Delayed Trig Menu Time Base Readout Figure 3 24 Record View and Time Base Readouts Horizontal Menu The Horizontal menu lets you select either a main or delayed view of the time base for acquisitions It aiso lets you set the record length set the trigger position and change the position or scale Main and Delayed Time Bas
99. and the signal trigger The oscilloscope takes samples independent of the trigger position and dispiays them based on the time difference between the sample and the trigger The digitizing oscilloscope supports five acquisition modes u Sample a Peak Detect w Hi Res mw Envelope Average Sample acquisition mode which acquires in real time is the mode most commonly used You can read about Sample and the other acquisition modes in Acquisition Modes beginning on page 3 2 Envelope and Average acquisition modes disable Rol mode You can read about Holl mode beginning on page 3 80 Bandwidth refers to the range of frequencies that an oscilloscope can ac quire and display accurately that is with less than 3 dB attenuation You can set different bandwidths with the digitizing oscilioscope Lower bandwidth settings let you eliminate the higher frequency components of a signal The TDS 400 offers Full 100 MHz and 20 MHz bandwidth settings You can couple your input signal to the digitizing oscilloscope three ways You can choose between AC DC or Ground GND You also can set the input impedance a DC coupling shows both the AC and DC components of an input signal m AC coupling shows only the alternating components of an input signal amp Ground GND coupling disconnects the input signal from the acquisi tion a Input impedance lets you select either 1 MO or 50 Q impedance NOTE If you select 50 O impedance with A
100. ange Equivalent Time or Interpo 200 MSamples s to 50 GSamples s lated Waveform Rate2 3 Range Seconds Division 1 ns div to 20 s div Range Time Base Delay Time 0 to 20 seconds settings of 20 uis and slower are displayed in roll mode Reference Frequency Time Base 100 MHz Record Length Selection 500 points 1 000 points 2 500 points 5 000 and 15 000 points Record lengths of 30 000 and 60 000 points are avail able with Option 1M 4 iThe range of real time rates expressed in samples second at which a digitizer samples signals at its inputs and stores the sampies in memory to produce a record of time sequential samples 2The range of waveform rates for equivalent time or interpolated waveform records 3The Waveform Rate WR is the equivalent sample rate of a waveform record For a waveform record acquired by real time sampling of a single acquisition the waveform rate is the same as the real time sample rate for a waveform created by interpola tion of real time samples from a single acquisition or by equivalent time sampling of multiple acquisitions the waveform rate is faster than the real time sample rate For all three cases the waveform rate is 1 Waveform Interval for the waveform record where the waveform interval Wl is the time between the samples in the waveform record 4The maximum record length of 60 000 points available with Option 1M is selectabie with ali acquisition modes except Hi Res and Average I
101. angezeigt und die Berechtigung zur Uberpr fung der Serie auf Einhalten der Bestimmungen eingeraumt TEKTRONIX NOTICE to the user operator The German Postal Service requires that Systems assembled by the operator user of this instrument must also comply with Postal Regulation Vfg 243 1991 Par 2 Sect 1 HINWEIS f r den Benuizer Beireiber Die vom Betreiber zusammengestellte Anlage innerhalb derer dieses Gerat eingesetzt wird muB ebenfalls den Voraussetzungen nach Par 2 Ziff 1 der Vig 243 1991 gen gen NOTICE to the user operator The German Postal Service requires that this equipment when used in a test setup may only be operated if the requirements of Postal Regulation Vig 243 1991 Par 2 Sect 1 8 1 are complied with HINWEIS fur den Benutzer Betreiber Dieses Ger t dart in MeBaufbauten nur betrieben werden wenn die Voraussetzungen des Par 2 Ziff 1 8 1 der Vig 243 1991 eingehalten werden Certificate of the Manufacturer Importer We hereby certify that the TDS 420 and TDS 460 Digitizing Oscilloscopes and ali factory installed options comply with the RF Interference Suppression requirements of Postal Regulation 1046 1984 The German Postal Service was notified that the equipment is being marketed The German Postal Service has the right to re test the series and to verify that it complies TEKTRONIX Bescheinigung des Herstellers Importeurs Hiermit wird bescheingt da das TDS 420 and
102. at pushing any button in the main menu except for Snapshot or any front pane button that displays a new menu removes the snapshot from dispiay Use High Low Setup page 3 55 Reference Levels page 3 55 and Gated Measurements page 3 54 with snapshot exactly as you would when you display individual measurements from the Select Measrmnt menu For More See Appendix c Algorithms on page A 24 Information See Measurements on page 2 26 see Example 3 Automated Measurements on page 1 18 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 59 Probe Accessories The probe you use and how you connect it to a signal source affect the oscilloscope acquisition of the waveform record Two important factors are ground lead inductance introduced by the probe and the physical layout of your circuit and component devices Ground Lead For an amplitude measurement to be meaningful you must give the mea Inductance surement some point of reference The probe offers you the capability for referencing the voltage at its tip to ground To make your measurement as accurate as possible the probe ground lead should be connected to the ground reference However when you touch your probe tip to a circuit you are introducing new resistance capacitance and inductance into the circuit Figure 3 32 Probe Nasen Tip Inductance L Probe 10 0 pF Vsour ce Ground Lead inductance Ly Figure 3 32 A Probe Adds Resistance Capacitance a
103. ata is maintained by lithium poly carbon monofiuoride TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manua A 23 Measurement Variables A 24 Appendix C Algorithms The Tektronix TDS Series Digitizing Oscilloscope can take 25 automatic measurements By knowing how the instrument makes these calculations you may better understand how to use your instrument and how to interpret your results The TDS Series Digitizing Oscilloscope uses a variety of variables in its calculations These inciude High Low High is the value used as the 10096 level in measurements such as fall time and rise time For example if you request the 10 to 90 rise time then the oscilloscope will calculate 10 and 9096 as percentages with High repre senting 100 Low is the value used as the 0 level in measurements such as fall time and rise time The exact meaning of High and Low depends on which of two calculation methods you choose from the High Low Setup item in the Measure menu These are Min max and Histogram Min Max Method defines the 0 and the 100 waveform levels as the lowest amplitude most negative and the highest amplitude most positive samples The min max method is useful for measuring frequency width and period for many types of signals Min max is sensitive to waveform ringing and spikes however and does not always measure accurately rise time fali time overshoot and undershoot The min max method calculates the High and Low
104. ated in a 50 Q scope input Input capacitance is much lower than high Z passive probes typically 1 pF but input resis tance is aiso lower 500 to 5000 Q typically Although that DC loading degrades amplitude accuracy the lower input capacitance reduces high frequency loading to the circuit under test That makes Zo probes ideal for timing and phase measurements when amplitude accuracy is not a major concern ZO probes are useful for measurements up to 40 V High Voltage Probes High voltage probes have attenuation factors in the 100X to 1000X range The considerations that apply to other passive probes apply to high voltage probes with a few exceptions Since the voltage range on high voltage probes varies from 1 kV to 20 kV DC peak AC the probe head design is mechanically much larger than for a passive probe High voltage probes have the added advantage of lower input capacitance typically 2 3 pF P6015A Figure 3 38 The P6009 and P6015A High Voltage Probes 3 70 Reference Active Voltage Probes Probe Selection Active voltage probes sometimes called FET probes use active circuit elements such as transistors There are three classes of active probes a High speed active a Differential active m Fixtured active Active voltage measuring probes use active circuit elements in the probe design to process signals from the circuit under test All active probes require a source of power for their operation Power is obt
105. can overlay the two waveforms on top of each other To move the selected waveform turn the vertical POSITION knob You can also alter the vertical scale The digitizing oscilloscope shows the scale in volts per division for each active channel toward the bottom left of the display As you turn the vertical SCALE knob clockwise the value de creases resulting in higher resolution because you see a smaller part of the waveform As you turn it counter clockwise the scale increases allowing you to see more of the waveform but with lower resolution Besides using the position and scale knobs you can set the vertical scale and position with exact numbers You do that with the Vertical menu Fine Scale and Position selections and the generai purpose knob Offset Vertical offset changes where the channel reference indicator is shown with respect to the graticule Offset adds a voltage to the reference indicator without changing the scale That feature allows you to move the waveform up and down over a large area without decreasing the resolution Offset is useful in cases where a waveform has a DC bias One example is looking at a small ripple on a power supply output You may be trying to look at a 100 mV ripple on top of a 15 V supply The range available with offset can prove valuable as you try to move and scale the ripple to meet your needs Adjusting the horizontal position of waveforms moves them right or left on the display That is usefu
106. can only show voltage differences when they remain on screen If the paired cursors are moved off screen horizontally Edge replaces the voltage values in the cursor readout Operation To take cursor measurements press CURSOR to display the Cursor menu Figure 3 6 Function Select the type of cursors you want using the Function menu item Press CURSOR gt Function main gt H Bars V Bars Paired or Off side TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 13 Cursor Measurements Position of Vertical Bar Cursors Useful for Locating Cursors Outside the Display Run 250kS 5 Sai pie Fee e Cursor Readout Paired Selected Cursor Solid Vertical Bar Solid Horizontal Bar j Were rs ener V Seal TOR Non selected Cursor BEE RER EEE ER Dashed Vertical Bar Fu nello IE ode Solid Horizontal Bar aM seconds Figure 3 7 Paired Cursor Menu and Readouts Mode Select the cursor mode you want using the Mode menu item 1 Press CURSOR Mode main gt Independent or Tracking side Independent makes each cursor positionable without regard to the position of the other cursor Tracking makes both cursors positionable in tandem that is both cursors move in unison and maintain a fixed horizontal or vertical distance between each other 2 If Independent was selected in step 1 use the general purpose knob to move the selected active cursor Press TOGGLE to change which
107. ccuracy DC Voltage Measurement Measurement Type DC Accuracy Not Averaged Any Sample 1 596 x reading Net Offset l Offset Accuracy 0 13 div 0 6 mV Delta Volts between any two 1 596 x reading 0 26 div samples 1 2 mV Frequency Limit Upper 100 MHz 100 MHz Bandwidth Limited Frequency Limit Upper 20 MHz 20 MHz Bandwidth Limited Nonlinearity lt 1 DL differential lt 1 DL integral independently based Step Response Settling Error Volts Div Setting Step Settling Error Amplitude 20ns 500ns 20ms 1mV div 99 5 mV div lt 2V lt 0 5 lt 0 2 0 1 100 mV div 20 V S20 s05 lt 02 995 mV div 1 V div 10 V div 200 V 20 lt 05 0 2 iNet Offset Offset Position x Volts Div Net Offset is the voltage level at the center of the A D converter dynamic range Offset Accuracy is the accuracy of this voltage level The samples must be acquired under the same setup and ambient conditions 3A DL digitization level is the smallest voltage level change that can be resolved by the 8 bit A D Converter with the input scaled to the volts division setting of the channel used Expressed as a voltage a Di is equal to 1 25 of a division times the volts division setting The values given are the maximum absolute difference between the value at the end of a specified time interval after the mid level crossing of the step and the value one second after the mid level crossing of the step expressed as a
108. cessible from the outside of the instrument therefore they can only be replaced by a service technician A 12 Appendices Appendix B Specification Table A 12 Nominal Traits GPIB interface Video Output and Power Fuse Name Description Interface GPIB GPIB interface complies with IEEE Std 488 1 1987 and IEEE Std 488 2 1987 Output Video Provides a video signal non interlaced with levels that comply with ANSI RS343A For oscilloscopes SN B030099 and below output is through a rear panel DB9 connector For oscilloscopes SN B030100 and above output is through a rear panel DB 15 connector Fuse Rating Either of two fuses may be used a 25 x 1 25 UL 198 6 3AG 5 A FAST 250 V ora 5 mm x 20 mm IEC 127 4 A T 250 V Each fuse type requires its own fuse cap Table A 13 Nominai Traits Mechanical Name Description Cooling Method Forced air circulation with no air filter Construction Material Chassis parts constructed of aluminum alloy front panel constructed of plastic laminate circuit boards constructed of glass laminate Plastic parts are polycarbonate Finish Type Tektronix Blue textured finish on aluminum cabinet Weight standard digitizing oscilloscope 8 6 kg 19 0 ibs oscilloscope only 10 2 kg 22 5 lbs with front cover accessories and accesso ries pouch instailed 14 5 kg 32 0 lbs when packaged for domestic shipment Rackmount digitizing oscilloscope 8 2 kg 18
109. ch against a common template or against its own template consider the following operating characteristics You should set Horizontal Lock to None in the Zoom side menu push ZOOM and toggle Horizontal Lock to None a With horizontal lock set as just described the oscilloscope repositions each waveform horizontally to move the first sample in the waveform record that is outside of template limits to center screen m Ifyou are comparing each waveform to its own template the position of each waveform template tracks that of its waveform TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 47 Limit Testing m Ifyou are comparing two or more waveforms to a common template that tempiate tracks the position of the failed waveform If more than one waveform fails during the same acquisition the template tracks the position of the waveform in the highest numbered channel CH 4 or CH 2 depending on the TDS mode number of your digitizing oscillo scope For More See Acquisition on page 2 17 Information See Acquisition Modes on page 3 2 see Display Modes on page 3 22 See Zoom on page 3 110 3 48 l Reference Measurement System There are various ways to measure properties of waveforms You can use graticule cursor or automatic measurements This section describes auto matic measurements cursors and graticules are described eisewhere See Cursor Measurements on page 3 11 and Measurements on page 2 26 Automatic measuremen
110. ch other Press TOGGLE to temporarily suspend cursor tracking You can then use the genera purpose knob to adjust the distance of the solid cursor relative to the dashed cursor A second push toggies the cursors back to tracking Cursor Readouts The cursor readout shows the absolute location of the selected cursor and the difference between the selected and non selected cursor The readouts differ depending on whether you are using H Bars or V Bars H Bars the value after A shows the voltage difference between the cursors The value after shows the voltage of the selected cursor relative to ground see Figure 3 6 m V Bars the value after A shows the time or frequency difference be tween the cursors The value after shows the time frequency of the selected cursor relative to the trigger point 3 12 Reference Cursor Measurements a Paired the value after one A shows the voltage difference between the the two short horizontal bars the other A shows the time or frequency difference between the two long vertical bars The vaiue after shows the voltage at the short horizontal bar of the selected cursor reiative to ground see Figure 3 7 Run E00kS s Sampie Cursor Readout H Bars 7 RC EE ji Cursor Function Non selected cursor Dashed line Sefected cursor Solid line E lt r Units seconds Function H Bars Figure 3 6 H Bars Cursor Menu and Readouts Paired cursors
111. changes size Run 259KS s Sampie Horizontal Lock All e ped Vestrae ar tse tae ELDER snam e rane fen nma mammae nnn ad ERZ Zoot SIE nmm nnm nn mm Aan A O ome Xm arta ides FH DEDERE NER ahaa a mae A Ee EN E H o rizontal i f d j Lo Ck 4 E W l i E i Reset Zoom Factors Figure 3 65 Zoom Mode with Horizontal Lock Set to None Setting Interpolation To change the interpolation method used Press DISPLAY Filter main gt Sin x x Interpolation or Linear Inter polation side TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 111 zoom Reset Zoom To reset ail zoom factors to their defaults Table 3 7 press ZOOM Reset Zoom Factors side Table 3 7 Zoom Defaults Parameter Setting Zoom Vertical Gain 1X Zoom Horizontal Position Tracking Horizontal Position Zoom Horizontal Gain 1X Press ZOOM Off side to return to normal oscilloscope non zoom operation For Further See Acquisition on page 2 17 Information See Display Modes on page 3 22 3 112 Reference Options Appendix A Options and Accessories This section describes the various options as well as the standard and optional accessories that are available for the TDS 410 TDS 420 and TDS 460 Digitizing Oscilloscopes Options include Option 02 Front Cover and Pouch With th s option Tektronix ships a front cover and pouch with the instrument Option 05 Video Trigger This option pro
112. cquisition Delayed Triggerable By Events Main Trigger Point F Delayed Trigger Waveform Record es Main wee Trigger Source Delayed Trigger Source w m oom om e MM 9 M ar Start Posttrigger Acquisition dial ik peal p Trigger on nth Delayed Trigger Event Delayed Triggerable By Time Main Trigger Point picem Delayed Trigger Waveform Record Main Trigger Source Delayed Trigger Source e e M m de 4 V le Time Delay From Delay Trig Menu Start Posttrigger Acquisition First Trigger After Delay Figure 3 10 How the Delayed Triggers Work Delayed Triggerable 1 Press HORIZONTAL MENU Time Base main Delayed Only side Delayed Triggerabie side 3 18 Reference Delayed Triggering By pressing Intensified side you can display an intensified zone that shows where the delayed timebase record may occur a valid delay trigger event must be received relative to the main trigger on the main timebase For Delayed Triggerabie After mode the start of the intensified zone corresponds to the possible start point of the delayed timebase record The end of the zone continues to the end of main timebase since a delayed time base record may be triggered at any point after the delay time elapses To learn how to define the intensity level of the normal and intensified waveform see Display Modes on page 3 22 Now you need to bring up the
113. cursor is active and moves A solid line indicates the active cursor and a dashed line the inactive cursor Or li Tracking was selected in step 1 use the general purpose knob to move both cursors in tandem Press TOGGLE to temporarily suspend cursor tracking then use the general purpose knob to adjust the dis tance of the solid cursor relative to the dashed cursor Press TOGGLE again to resume tracking A solid line indicates the adjustable cursor and a dashed line the fixed cursor MM nar 3 14 Reference For More Information Cursor Measurements Time Units You can choose to display vertical bar cursor results in units of time or frequency Press CURSOR Time Units main seconds or 1 seconds Hz side Cursor Speed You can change the cursors speed by pressing SHIFT before turning the general purpose knob The cursor moves faster when the SHIFT button is lighted and the display reads Coarse Knobs in the upper right corner See Measurements on page 2 26 See Waveform Math on page 3 107 for information on cursor units with multiplied waveforms If your oscilloscope is equipped with the advanced DSP math option see the TDS Family Option 2F instruction Manual for information on cursor units with integrated differentiated and FFT waveforms TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 15 Delayed Triggering The TDS 400 Series oscilloscopes provide a main time base and a delayed time base
114. d Waveform t dt 5 tart RMS End Start x Sampleinterval For details of the integration algorithm see below Integration Algorithm the integration algorithm used by the digitizing oscilloscope is as follows 8 B W t dat is approximated by Wiat where A A W t is the sampled waveform W t is the continuous function obtained by linear interpolation of W t A and B are numbers between 0 0 and RecordLength 1 0 If A and B are integers then 8 Bust iij Wade Sm W 7 ja A 2 A A 34 Appendices Measurements on Envelope Waveforms Missing or Out of Range Samples TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Appendix C Aigorithms where s is the sample interval Similarly B B 2 Wit at is approximated by wo dt where A A W t is the sampied waveform W t is the continuous function obtained by linear interpolation of WE A and B are numbers between 0 0 and RecordLength 1 0 If A and B are integers then B 2 8 1 2 i 2 wo eee S wo Wii x 1 WG 1 A jax A where s is the sample interval Time measurements on envelope waveforms must be treated differently from time measurements on other waveforms because envelope waveforms contain so many apparent crossings Unless otherwise noted envelope waveforms use either the minima or the maxima but not both determined in the following manner 1 Step through the waveform from Start to End until the
115. d Also see the footnotes for Sample Rate Range and Equivalent Time or interpolated Waveform Rates in Table A 8 on page A 11 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 17 Appendix B Specification Table A 15 Warranted Characteristics Time Base System Cont Name Description Accuracy Delta Time For single shot acquisitions using sample or high resolution acquisi Measurement tion modes and a bandwidth limit setting of 100 MHz 1 WI 150 ppm of Reading 650 ps For repetitive acquisitions using average acquisition mode with 28 averages and a bandwidth limit setting of FULL 1 WI 150 ppm of Reading 300 ps TFor input signals 5 divisions in amplitude and a slew rate of 2 2 0 divisions ns at the delta time measurement points Signal must have been acquired at a volts division setting 2 5 mV division and not in Events mode The WI waveform interval is the time between the samples in the waveform record Also see the footnotes for Sample Rate Range and Equivalent Time or interpolated Waveform Rates in Table A 8 on page A 11 Table A 16 Warranted Characteristics Triggering System Name Description Accuracy Trigger Level or Threshold 296 of Setting Net Offset 0 2 div x volts div setting DC Coupled Offset Accuracy for any channel as trigger source and for signals having rise and fall times 2 20 ns Sensitivity Edge Type Trigger DC 0 35 division from DC to 50 MHz increa
116. d be a harmonic of the other Pixel A visible point on the display The oscilioscope display is 640 pixels wide by 480 pixels high Pop up Menu A sub menu of a main menu Pop up menus temporarily occupy part of the waveform display area and are used to present additional choices associated with the main menu selection You can cycle through the options in a pop up menu by repeatedly pressing the main menu button underneath the pop up Positive duty cycle A timing measurement of the ratio of the positive pulse width to the signal period expressed as a percentage Glossary IN r ia J Glossary Positive overshoot Amplitude voltage measurement Max High PositiveOvershoot Amplitude x 100 Positive width A timing measurement of the distance time between two amplitude points rising edge MidRef default 50 and falling edge MidRef default 5096 on a positive pulse Posttrigger The specified portion of the waveform record that contains data acquired after the trigger event Pretrigger The specified portion of the waveform record that contains data acquired before the trigger event Probe An oscilloscope input device Quantizing The process of converting an analog input that was sampled such as a voltage to a digital value Probe compensation Adjustment that improves the low frequency response of a probe Real time sampling A sampling mode where the digitizing oscilloscope samples fast enou
117. d display a stable waveform of usable size Autoset automaticaily sets up the front panel controls based on the characteristics of the input signal It is much faster and easier than a manual controi by controi setup Autoset makes adjustments in these areas M Acquisition m Display amp Horizontal m Trigger M Vertical NOTE Autoset may change vertical position in order to position the wave form appropriately It always sets vertical offset to 0 V 1 Press the Channel Selection button such as CH 1 corresponding to your input channel to make it active 2 Press AUTOSET If you use autoset when one or more channels are displayed the digitizing oscilloscope selects the lowest numbered channel for horizontal scaling and triggering Vertically all channels in use are individually scaled If you use autoset when no channels are displayed the digitizing oscillo scope turns on channel one CH 1 and scaies it Table 3 2 on the following page lists the autoset defaults TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 9 Table 3 2 Autoset Defauits Control Acauire Mode Acquire Repetitive Signal Acquire Stop After Display Style Display Intensity Overall Display Format Horizontal Position Horizontal Scale Horizontal Time Base Horizontal Record Length Limit Test Trigger Position Trigger Type Trigger Source Trigger Level Trigger Slope Trigger Coupling Trigger Holdoff Vertical Scale Vertical
118. e To select between the Main and Delayed views of the time base Press HORIZONTAL MENU Time Base main Main Only intensified or Delay Only side By pressing Intensified you display an intensified zone that shows where the delayed trigger record length could occur relative to the main trigger The start of the intensified zone corresponds to the possible start point of the delayed trigger The end of the zone corresponds to the end of the waveform record TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 41 Horizontal Control To learn how to change the intensity of the normal and intensified waveform see Display Modes on page 3 22 You also can select Delayed Runs After Main or Delayed Triggerable For more information on how to use these two menu items see Delayed Trigger ing on page 3 18 Trigger Position To define how much of the record is pretrigger and how much posttrigger information use the Trigger Position menu item Press HORIZONTAL MENU Trigger Position main Set to 10 Set to 50 or Set to 90 side or press Pretrigger side and use the general purpose knob Record Length To set the waveform record length press HORIZONTAL MENU Record Length main The side menu lists various discrete record length choices NOTE If you selected the longest record length available in the Horizontal menu then you cannot select Hi Res as your acquisition mode This is because Hi Res mode uses twice t
119. e a Mit f 19 El er cquisitions i X Gig Data D Start 19 Ee CT CE ERBEN SHE ERBEN ojojosioeieioelse Triggered Roll New Data Points Start at Trigger Point Es gt Hf A AA OMM New Data Trigger Point 3 i After Trigger N Acquisition Sequence Restarts Start at Trigger Point IEEE RUN UN EA Ll Acquisitions speeed TO TO Stop M I rtrrn HO wii t Ny ES 1 lt old Data ae T Trigger Point Figure 3 44 Roli Mode 500 Point Record Length TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 81 Roll Operation 3 82 Triggered Roll Triggered roll mode displays newly acquired data points at the selected trigger position and moves older waveform data points to the left When the pretrigger portion of the waveform record is filled and a valid trigger is re ceived the waveform stops moving left and new data points are displayed to the right of oid data points When a compiete waveform record is acquired the sequence restarts Use triggered roll to capture a succession of triggered events in normal interactive debugging Triggered Roll with Single Sequence Triggered roll mode with single sequence displays newly acquired data points at the selected trigger position and moves older waveform data points to the left When the pretrigger portion of the waveform record is filled and a valid trigger is received the waveform stops moving left and new data points are displayed to the right of old data p
120. e are four roll modes see Figure 3 44 Untriggered roll Untriggered roll with single sequence a Triggered roll a Triggered roll with single sequence Untriggered Roll Untriggered roll mode displays newly acquired data points at the right edge of the waveform record while moving older waveform data points to the left To stop acquiring data press RUN STOP Use untriggered roli to continuously observe a slow process knowing that you can always see the most recent view of what is happening Untriggered Roll with Single Sequence Untriggered roll mode with single sequence displays newly acquired data points at the right edge of the waveform record while moving older wave form data points to the left Acquisitions automatically stop after a complete waveform record is acquired Use untriggered roli with single sequence to observe the first portion of an experiment for later viewing For example at 20 seconds per division at 30K record length there are 60 screens or 600 divisions or 12000 seconds of acquired data points Untriggered roll with single sequence would capture an experiment over a lunch hour and hold it for later viewing 3 80 Reference Roll Untriggered Roll New Data Points New Data Points i AN Fan ANY a i TM Prin P Continue tefeletefetele es orereistels Untriggered Roll With Single Sequence Noi Data Points Complete Waveform Record i 10 f Q Acquisitions MI L9 7 JO Stop m p
121. e averages all samples taken during an acquisition interval to create a record point That average results in a higher resolution lower bandwidth waveform This mode only works with real time non interpolated sampling If you set the time base so fast that it requires real time interpolation or equivalent time sampling the mode automatically becomes Sample although the menu selection does not change A key advantage of Hi Res is its potential for increasing resolution regardless of the input signal Table 3 1 and the equations shown below illustrate how you can obtain up to 15 significant bits with Hi res mode Note that the resolution improvements are limited to speeds slower than 500 ns div Also resolutions above 15 bits are not allowed by internal hardware and compu tation limitations Si Sampling Interval for TDS 400 10 ns Time Div _ TO us Div Number Of Points Div 50 Points Div m At Sample Interval Nd Number of points per decimation interval At 20 Si Resolution Enhancement bits 0 5 x LOG Nd 2 extra bits Table 3 1 Additional Resolution Bits Time Base Speed Bits of Resolution 8 bits 1 us and faster 2usto5us 9 bits 10 us to 20 us 10 bits 50 us to 100 us 11 bits 200 us to 500 us 12 bits 1msto2 ms 13 bits 5 ms 14 bits 10 ms and slower 15 bits Envelope Mode Envelope mode lets you acquire and display a waveform record that shows the extremes in variation o
122. e input signal to the vertical attenuator for the selected channel and to set its input impedance Press VERTICAL MENU Coupling main gt DC AC GND or Q side DC amp DC coupling shows both the AC and DC components of an input signal AC V amp AC coupling shows only the alternating components of an input signal GND m Ground GND coupling disconnects the input signal from the acquisi tion Q m Input impedance lets you select either 1 MO or 50 QO impedance NOTE If you select 50 Q impedance with AC coupling the digitizing oscilloscope will not accurately display frequencies under 200 kHz Also when you connect an active probe to the oscilloscope such as the P6205 the input impedance of the oscilloscope automati cally becomes 50 If you then connect a passive probe like the P6138 you need to set the input impedance back to 1 MQ TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 99 Vertical Control Bandwidth To eliminate eliminate the higher frequency components change the band width of the selected channel Press VERTICAL MENU Bandwidth main Fine Scale Press VERTICAL MENU Fine Scale main to make fine adjustments to the vertical scale using the general purpose knob Position Press VERTICAL MENU Position main to let the general purpose knob control the vertical position Press Set to 0 divs side if you want to reset the reference point of the selected waveform to the center of
123. eases the time or difficulty of servicing the product THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX WITH RESPECT TO THIS PRODUCT IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE TEKTRONIX RESPONSIBILITY TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF THIS WARRANTY TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES German Postal Information Certificate of the Manufacturer Importer We hereby certify that the TDS 410 Digitizing Oscilloscope and all factory installed options comply with the RF Interference Suppression requirements of Postal Regulation Vfg 243 1991 Amended per Vfg 46 1992 The German Postal Service was notified that the equipment is being marketed The German Postal Service has the right to re test the series and to verify that it complies TEKTRONIX Bescheinigung des Herstellers Importeurs Hiermit wird bescheinigt daB der die das TDS 410 Digitizing Oscilloscope und aile fabrikinstallierten Optionen in Ubereinstimmung mit den Bestimmungen der Amtsblatt Verfugung Vig 243 1991 und Zusatzverf gung 46 1992 funkentst rt sind Der Deutschen Bundespost wurde das Inverkehrbringen dieses Ger tes
124. ector style selection has no effect when you select XY format You cannot display Math waveforms in XY format They disappear from the display when you select XY For More see Acquisition on page 2 17 Information 3 26 Reference Edge Trigger Headouts Operation Edge Triggering An edge trigger event occurs when the trigger source passes through a specified voltage level in a specified direction the trigger slope You will likely use edge triggering for most of your measurements You can select the edge source coupling slope level and mode auto or normal The Trigger readout shows some key trigger parameters Figure 3 14 Main Time Base Time Div Main Trigger Source Ch 1 Main Trigger Slope Rising Edge Main Time Base Main Trigger Level Source chi Coupling DE 676v aia ELA Holdoff i E E ee Figure 3 14 Edge Trigger Readouts The Edge Trigger menu lets you select the source coupling slope trigger levet mode and hoidoff To bring up the Edge Trigger menu Press TRIGGER MENU Type main Edge pop up see Figure 3 15 Source To select which source you want for the trigger On TDS 420 and TDS 460 press TRIGGER MENU Type main Edge pop up Source main Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 Ch4 AC Line or Auxiliary side On TDS 410 press TRIGGER MENU Type main gt Edge pop up Source main Ch1 Ch2 AC Line or Auxiliary side
125. ectrical characteristics Generally each instru ment represents one device load on the bus amp The total cumulative cable length must not exceed 20 meters about 65 feet u At least two thirds of the device loads must be turned on when you use your network There must be only one cable path from each device to each other device on your network see Figure 3 40 and you must not create loop configurations III A DRIVAMALANAMAM SHAMAN Fra E UU EUER LT ANA HN PHP RR UU RU RU CU UU RU RU UN UU A AAA t M HUM PHH ida Hai UU a eT Aa e nr rr rT eT TE Te TTT mur 3 76 Reference Remote Communication GPIB Device GPIB Device GPIB Devicel GPIB Device GPIB Device GPIB Device IGPIB Device Figure 3 40 Typical GPIB Network Configuration Cables An IEEE Std 488 1 1987 GPIB cable available from Tektronix part number 012 0991 00 is required to connect two GPIB devices Connector A 24 pin GPIB connector is located on the oscilloscope rear panel The connector has a D type shell and conforms to IEEE Std 488 1 1987 You can stack GPIB connectors on top of each other see Figure 3 41 Figure 3 41 Stacking GPIB Connectors TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 77 Remote Communication Operation 3 78 GPIB Parameters in the Utility menu you need to define two important GPIB parameters mode and address You need to set the mode to taiker listener talk only or off the bus You also need to specify the p
126. ed 1 mV div 9 99 mV div 400 V DC peak AC derate at 20 dB decade above 10 kHz until the minimum rating of 5 V DC peak AC is reached Input Voltage Maximum DC 50 or 5 V rms with peaks less than or equal to 30 V AC 50 Coupled Lower Frequency Limit AC Coupled lt 10 Hz when AC 1 MO coupled lt 200 kHz when AC 50 coupled 9The AC Coupled Lower Frequency Limits are reduced by a factor of 10 when 10X passive probes are used Table A 15 Warranted Characteristics Time Base System Name Description Accuracy Long Term Sample Rate 150 ppm over any 21 ms interval and Delay Time Accuracy Absolute Time and Delay For singie shot acquisitions using sample or high resolution acquisi Time Measurements 2 tion modes and a bandwidth limit setting of 100 MHz 1 WI 150 ppm of Reading 450 ps For single shot acquisitions using sample or high resolution acquisi tion modes and a bandwidth limit setting of 20 MHz 1 WI 150 ppm of Reading 1 3 ns For repetitive acquisitions using average acquisition mode with 28 averages and a bandwidth limit setting of FULL 1 WI 150 ppm of Reading 200 ps For input signals gt 5 divisions in amplitude and a slew rate of 2 2 0 divisions ns at the delta time measurement points Signal must have been acquired at a volts division setting 5 mV division and not in Events mode The WI waveform interval is the time between the samples in the waveform recor
127. eference to 80 Hint To make large changes quickly with the general purpose knob press the SHIFT button before turning the knob When the light above the SHIFT button is lit and the dispiay says Coarse Knobs in the upper right corner the general purpose knob speeds up significantly You have seen how to display up to four individual automated measure ments on screen You can also pop up a display of almost all of the auto mated measurements available in the Select Measrmnts side menus This snapshot of measurements is taken on the waveform currently selected using the channel selection buttons As when displaying individual measurements you must have a stable dis play of your signal and that signal must have ail the segments necessary for the measurement you want 1 Press Snapshot main to pop up a snapshot of all available single waveform measurements See Figure 1 20 Run 106kKS s Sampie E Em 1 TUO TE snapshot WE REN Snapshot on SUN Period 1 800ms 999 84 Hz Width 300s Width 509ps Brsiwd 4 000ms R se Sus Fall Sis Duty 58 0 Duty 50 0 Over 13 2 Over 556 High 512mv LOW T6mv Max 528mv Min 16mV Ampl 496mVv Pk Pk 54d mV Mean 262 8mV CycMean 262 4mv RMS 361 6mv CycRMS 360 4mV 1 31126mVvs CycArea 262 40pVSs Ran Tov Remove Reference i Measrm D S iov I Tor ch M Measrmnt eis Dee Figure 1 20 Snapshot of Channel 1 TDS 410 TD
128. en taking automatic measurements on noisy signals You might measure the frequency of the noise and not the desired waveform Your digitizing oscilloscope helps identify such situations by displaying a low signal amplitude or low resolution warning message Run 60kS s Sample t irere ipee rem Select Measurement d E loc ee eer re ee ear Pa es E diet Remove Measrmnt for chi Measrmnt Figure 3 27 Measure Menu Removing Measurements The Remove Measrmnt selection provides explicit choices for removing measurements from the display according to their readout position Measurement 1 is the top readout Measurement 2 is below it and so forth Once a measurement readout is displayed in the screen area it stays in its position even when you remove any measurement readouts above it To remove measurements 1 Press MEASURE Remove Measrmnt main 2 Selectthe measurement to remove from the side menu If you want to remove all the measurements at one time press Ali Measurements side TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 53 Measurement System Gated Measurements The gating feature lets you limit measurements to a specified portion of the waveform When gating is Off the oscilloscope makes measurements over the entire waveform record When gating is activated vertical cursors are displayed Use these cursors to define the section of the waveform you want the oscilioscope to measure
129. enter help mode Press any button or turn any knob for information about that control Changing a control while in heip mode wHl not affect the oscilloscope settings Press HELP again to exit the heip mode Press the SHIFT button with various front panel menu buttons to bring up help screens for shifted menus Acquire menu Application menu Hardcopy menu Delayed Trigger menu Singie Trigger menu Status menu and Utility menu Press SHIFT before turning the general purpose horizontal position or vertical position knobs to increase their responsiveness That is the same knob turn will produce a much greater effect such as cursor or waveform movement when the SHET button is in the lighted ON state Sm z00mv AT S00gH CH J 172mV Figure 3 22 Initial Help Screen TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 39 Horizontal Knobs 3 40 Horizontal Control You can control the horizontal part of the display the time base using the horizontal menu and knobs By changing the horizontal scale you can focus on a particular portion of a waveform By adjusting the horizontal position you can move the waveform right or left to see different portions of it That is particularly useful when you are using larger record sizes and cannot view the entire waveform on one screen To change the horizontal scale and position use the horizontal POSITION and horizontal SCALE knobs see Figure 3 23 These knobs m
130. er waveform record This mode is particularly useful for studying phase relationships To set the display axis format Press DISPLAY Format main gt XY or YT side When you choose the XY mode the input you have selected is assigned to the X axis and the digitizing oscilloscope automatically chooses the Y axis input see Table 3 3 Table 3 3 XY Format Pairs X Axis Channel Y Axis Channel User Selectable Fixed Ch 1 Ail models mE Ch 2 All models eS Ch 3 TDS 420 and TDS 460 oniy Ch 4 TDS 420 and TDS 460 only TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 25 Display Modes For example if you press the CH 1 button the digitizing oscilloscope dis plays a graph of the channel 1 voltage levels on the X axis against the chan nel 2 voltage levels on the Y axis This occurs whether or not you are dis playing the channel 2 waveform in YT format If you later press the WAVE FORM OFF button for either channel 1 or 2 the digitizing oscilloscope deletes the XY graph of channel 1 versus channel 2 Since selecting YT or XY affects only the display the horizontal and vertical scale and position knobs and menus control the same parameters regard less of the mode selected Specifically in XY mode the horizontal scale continues to control the time base and the horizontal position continues to control which portion of the waveforms are displayed XY format is a dot only display although it can have persistence The V
131. ers typically time simultaneously Look at Figure 3 4 Note that each of the two paired cursors has a long vertical bar paired with a short horizontal bar The short horizontal bars measure vertical parameters typically volts the long vertical bars measure horizontal parameters typically time or frequency See Cursor Readouts on page 3 12 for more information TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 11 Cursor Measurements NOTE When cursors measure certain math waveforms the measurement may not be of time frequency or voltage Cursor measurement of those math waveforms that are not of time frequency or voltage is described in Waveform Math which begins on page 3 107 For those oscilloscopes equipped with Option 2F the advanced DSP math option the instruction manual shipped with the option de scribes the use of cursors to measure such waveforms and the measurement units that resuit There are two cursor modes independent and tracking independent Mode Tracking Mode i i x lt Oniy Selected Cursor Moves Both Cursors Move in Tandem Figure 3 5 Cursor Modes In independent mode you move only one cursor at a time using the general purpose knob The active or selected cursor is a solid line Press TOGGLE to change which cursor ts selected in tracking mode you normally move both cursors in tandem using the general purpose knob The two cursors remain a fixed distance time or voltage from ea
132. etween the digitizing oscilloscope and the RS 232 or Centronics hardcopy device see Figure 3 20 For example a National Instruments GPIB PRL a GPIB to Centronics converter permits you to make screen prints on a Tektronix HC200 Dot Matrix printer with just a Centronics port Hardcopy Device e g Tek HC200 Digitizing Oscilloscope GPIB Cable Centronics or i RS 232 Cable GPIB to Centronics or GPIB io RS232 Converter Figure 3 20 Connecting the Digitizing Oscilloscope and Hardcopy Device Via a Converter Using a Controller You can put a controller with two ports between the digitizing oscilloscope and the hardcopy device see Figure 3 21 One port must be a GPIB and the other must be either an RS 232 or a Centronics port Reference Hardcopy GPIB Cable N Centronics or J RS 232 Cabie Digitizing Hardcopy Device Oscilloscope Figure 3 21 Connecting the Digitizing Oscilloscope and Hardcopy Device Via a PC If your controller is PC compatible and it uses the Tektronix GURU or S3FG210 National Instruments GPIB PCII IIA GPIB package you can operate this setup as follows 1 Use the MS DOS cd command to move to the directory that holds the software that came with your GPIB board For example if you installed the software in the GPIB PC directory type cd GPIB PC 2 Run the IBIC program that came with your GPIB board Type IBIC 3 Type IBFIND DEV1 where DEV1 is the name for the digitizing oscill
133. ftware programmability GPIB hardcopy output On instru ments equipped with option 13 hardcopy output using the RS 232 or Centronics ports On board printer capability with option 3P instruments Compiete measurement and documentation ability m intuitive graphical icon operation blended with the familiarity of traditional horizontal and vertical knobs m Four channels and four eight bit digitizers on TDS 420 and TDS 460 Two channels and two eight bit digitizers on TDS 410 m On line help at the touch of a button The Appendices list options accessories and the product specifications 1 2 Getting Started Operation Start Up Before you use the digitizing oscilloscope ensure that it is properly installed and powered on To properly install and power on the digitizing oscilloscope do the following installation U Be sure you have the appropriate operating environment Specifications for temperature relative humidity altitude vibrations and emissions are included in Appendix B Specification at the rear of this manual Leave space for cooling Do this by verifying that the air intake and exhaust holes on the sides of the cabinet where the fan operates are free of any airflow obstructions Leave at least 2 inches 5 1 cm free on each side WARNING To avoid electrical shock be sure that the power cord is discon nected before checking the fuse Check the fuse to be sure it is the proper ty
134. g the acquired signal When you press the ZOOM button a portion of the waveform record can be expanded or compressed on the display but the record points stay the same Zoom is very useful when you wish to temporarily expand a waveform to inspect small feature s on that waveform For example you might use zoom to temporarily expand the front corner of a pulse to inspect its aberrations Use zoom to expand it horizontally and vertically After you are finished return to your original horizontal scale setting by pressing one menu button The zoom feature is also handy if you have acquired a waveform while using the fastest time per division and want to further expand horizontally Autoset lets you quickly obtain a stable waveform display Autoset automati cally adjusts a wide variety of settings including vertical and horizontal scaling Other settings affected include trigger coupling type position slope mode and display intensities Autoset on page 3 9 describes in detail what autoset does See Autoset on page 3 9 See Delayed Triggering on page 3 16 See Horizontal Control on page 3 40 See Vertical Control on page 3 98 See Zoom on page 3 110 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 25 Measurements The digitizing oscilloscope not only displays graphs of voltage versus time it also helps you measure the displayed information see Figure 2 11 Cursor Automated Readouts Measurements Graticule
135. gator Clip MEN Ground Lead x 1 Po dd Standard Sp Retractable Hook Tip __ Standard Low inductance KlipChip Standard Spring Tip Optional Low inductance Ground Lead Standard Figure 3 34 Probe Accessories 3 62 Reference Probe Accessories Marker Rings The marker rings help you keep track of individual probes and signal sources when you have a complicated test setup Use the marker rings whenever you want to identify a particuiar probe Long Ground Leads Use long ground leads when a long reach is important and high frequency information is not Long ground leads are ideal for quick troubleshooting when you are looking for the presence or absence of a signal and are not concerned with the precision of the measurement Because of the high inductance associated with long ground leads you should not use them for precise measurements above approximately 30 MHz or for pulses with rise times less than about 11 ns You can choose between a ground lead terminated with an alligator clip and a lead terminated with a square pin receptacle Low Inductance Ground Lead Low inductance ground leads reduce ground lead inductance Compared to a typical six inch ground lead with an inductance of approximately 140 nH the low inductance tip assembly has an inductance of approximately 32 nH That means that your measurements are relatively free of probe related high frequency degradation up to appro
136. ger menu 3 20 Set to TTL Main Trigger menu 3 29 Set to Zero Vertical menu 3 700 Setup menu 1 7 Setups Save and recall 3 84 3 85 Shipping A 37 index Side menu G 8 Side menu buttons 2 2 G 8 Signal Path Compensation 7 5 3 91 3 92 G 8 Sin x x interpolation 2 19 3 24 G 5 Sin x x interpolation Display menu P Single Acquisition Sequence Acquire menu 3 7 Single Wfm Math More menu 3 708 Single Shot sampling 2 78 Slope G 8 Slope Delayed Trigger menu 3 20 Slope Main Trigger menu 3 29 Slope Trigger 2 16 SMT KlipChip 3 64 A 7 Snapshot Readout 3 58 Snapshot of Measurements 7 27 3 58 Snapshot Measure menu 3 58 Software 1 2 software version 3 93 Source Delayed Trigger menu 3 79 Source Main Trigger menu 9 27 Source Video Trigger menu 3 102 SPC G 8 Specification A 9 spooler Hardcopy 3 33 Start up 7 3 STATUS button 3 93 Status menu 2 9 3 93 Firmware version 3 93 YO 3 93 System 3 93 Trigger 3 93 Waveforms 3 93 Stop After Limit Test Condition Met Acquire menu 3 46 Stop After Acquire menu 3 6 3 47 Style Display menu 3 22 Switch principal power 7 4 2 4 Sync Polarity Video Trigger menu 3 103 Sync Pulse 2 12 System Status menu 3 93 System Utility menu 3 32 3 78 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual I 7 index T Talk Listen Address Utility menu 3 78 Tek Secure 3 85 G 8 Tek Secure Erase Memory U
137. gh to completely fill a waveform record from a single trigger event Use real time sampling to capture single shot or transient events Record length The specified number of sampies in a waveform Reference memory Memory in a oscilloscope used to store waveforms or settings You can use that waveform data later for processing The digitizing oscilloscope saves the data even when the oscilloscope is turned off or unplugged Rise time The time it takes for a leading edge of a pulse to rise from a LowRef value typically 10 to a HighRef value typically 90 of its ampli tude RMS Amplitude voltage measurement of the true Root Mean Square voltage Roll An acquisition mode useful at slow Horizontal SCALE settings Roil mode allows the waveform to be viewed as it is acquired point by point The waveform appears to roli across the display TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual G 7 Glossary dub Sample acquisition mode The oscilloscope creates a record point by saving the first sample during each acquisition interval That is the default mode of acquisi tion Sample interval The time interval between successive samples in a time base For real time digitizers the sample interval is the reciprocal of the sam ple rate For equivalent time digitizers the time interval between successive samples represents equivalent time not real time Sampling The process of capturing an analog input such as a voltage at a di
138. h the general purpose knob amp Infinite Persistence lets the record points accumulate until you change some control such as scale factor causing the display to be erased intensity Intensity lets you set overall text graticule and waveform intensity bright ness levels To set the contrast intensity of the delay portion of a waveform Press DISPLAY Intensity main Overall Text Grat Waveform or Contrast side Enter the intensity percentage vaiues with the general purpose knob All intensity adjustments operate over a range from 20 close to fully off to 100 fully bright Contrast operates over a range from 100 no contrast to 250 intensified portion at full brightness NOTE The intensified setting for Timebase in the horizontal menu causes a zone on the waveform to be intensified relative to the rest of the waveform If the contrast is set to 100 you can not distinguish the intensified portion from the rest of the waveform because both are the same brightness Display Readout Readout options control whether the trigger indicator trigger level bar and current date and time appear on the display The options also contro what style trigger level bar long or short is displayed 1 Press DISPLAY Readout main 2 Toggie Display T Trigger Point side to select whether or not to display a T indicating the trigger point You can select ON or OFF The trigger point indicates the positio
139. has a delayed trigger system It is described in Section 3 Triggers determine when the digitizing oscilloscope starts acquiring and displaying a waveform They help create meaningful waveforms from unsta ble jumbles or blank screens see Figure 2 1 eee eee f i nn sae MEREIESREENE Fey pee BENANMERNM SS ia Ge Triggered Waveform Untriggered Waveforms Figure 2 1 Triggered Versus Untriggered Displays The trigger event establishes the time zero point in the waveform record and all points in the record are located in time with respect to that point The digitizing oscilloscope continuously acquires and retains enough sample points to fill the pretrigger portion of the waveform record that part of the waveform that is displayed before or to the left of the triggering event on Screen When a trigger event occurs the digitizing oscilloscope starts acquiring samples to build the posttrigger portion the waveform record displayed after or to the right of the trigger event Once a trigger is recognized the digitizing oscilloscope does not accept another trigger until the acquisition is complete The basic trigger is the edge trigger An edge trigger event occurs when the trigger source the signal that the trigger circuit monitors passes through a specified voltage eve in a specified direction the trigger slope You can derive your trigger from various sources a Input channels the most commonly used
140. he GPIB interface m The TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 Reference gives you a quick over view of how to operate your digitizing oscilloscope The TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 Performance Verification tells how to verify the performance of the digitizing oscilloscope m The TDS Family Option 2F Instruction Manual describes use of the Advanced DSP Math option for TDS oscilloscopes equipped with that option only a The TDS Family Option 13 Instruction Manual describes using the option al Centronics and RS 232 interfaces for obtaining hardcopy for TDS oscilloscopes equipped with that option only m The TDS Family Option 3P Printer Pack instruction Manual describes using the optional printer pack for obtaining hardcopy for TDS oscillo scopes equipped with that option only mw The TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 Service Manual provides information for maintaining and servicing your digitizing oscilloscope to the moduie level TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual ix Conventions In the Getting Started and Reference sections you will find various proce dures which contain steps of instructions for you to perform To keep those instructions clear and consistent this manual uses the following conven tions Names of front panel controls and menu labels appear in boldface print Names also appear in the same case initial capitals all uppercase etc in the manual as is used on the oscilloscope front panel and me
141. he acquisition memory that the other acquisition modes use If Hi Res and the longest horizontal record length were allowed to be selected at the same time the oscilloscope would run out of memory Horizontal Scale To change the horizontal scale time per division numerically in the menu instead of using the Horizontal SCALE knob Press HORIZONTAL MENU Horiz Scale main Main Scale or Delayed Scale side and use the general purpose knob to change the scale values NOTE When you set the Horizontal SCALE to 50 ms or slower the oscillo scope enters Roll mode You can read about Roll mode beginning on page 3 80 3 42 Reference For More Information Horizontal Control Horizontal Position You can set the horizontal position to specific values in the menu instead of using the Horizontal POSITION knob Press HORIZONTAL MENU Horiz Pos main Set to 10 Set to 50 or Set to 90 side to choose how much of the waveform is displayed to the left of the display center You can also control whether changing the horizontal position setting affects all displayed waveforms just the live waveforms or only the selected wave form The Horizontal Lock setting in the Zoom menu determines which waveforms the horizontal position knob adjusts whether zoom is on or not Specifically it acts as follows a None only the waveform currently selected can be zoomed and posi tioned horizontally m Live ali channels can be zoomed
142. he acquisition system has several options for converting analog data into digital form The Acquisition menu lets you determine the acquisition mode whether or not to permit equivalent time sampling and how to start and stop acquisitions The digitizing oscilloscope supports five acquisition modes m Sample m Peak Detect HiRes m Envelope M Average The Sample Peak Detect and Hi Res modes operate in real time on a singie trigger event provided the digitizing oscilloscope can acquire enough samples for each trigger event Envelope and Average modes operate on muitiple acquisitions The digitizing oscilloscope averages or envelopes several waveforms on a point by point basis Figure 3 1 illustrates the different modes and lists the benefits of each Use it to help select the appropriate mode for your application Sample Mode In Sample mode the oscilloscope creates a record point by saving the first sample of perhaps many during each acquisition interval An acquisition interval is the time covered by the waveform record divided by the record length This is the default mode Peak Detect Mode Peak Detect mode saves the highest and lowest sample in two adjacent intervals That mode only works with real time non interpolated sampling If you set the time base so fast faster than 500 ns that it requires real time interpolation or equivalent time sampling the mode automatically changes from Peak Detect to Sample although
143. he bus Reference Remote Communication Y GPIB iConfigurationi E TalkzListen e The GPIB Configuration Menu Har tepny Talk Oniy L FORCE Porn 4 4 3 O O wg 5 qos x 4 Doa og 5 or 3 a os d o D or o o 3 3 4 i 4 s fg n Me sstabncmntectaltecntten sites Bauhaus eder dard nein nnb nTandendnnie mend nias neon Pnim A PeeedbeIen peijede reminder ntn enne o M queesjestepeesojienddtes Latofat teet jet air enr tot udi a Mae Li du Ph ad Bl dh ai Pal Ka peni a Da Kata an a eg E i i in PERE EEREN PERES PEE HER EAE AA ER TON AL PE TOA EE TO E ME TOR E TR CEE TR BA EE DER ABS TOR E A ata L AA DR A S PAR RECEN Off Bus min eremo emm ns Configure alky Listen Figure 3 43 Utility Menu For More See Hardcopy on page 3 31 Information See the TDS Family Programmer Manual See the TDS Family Option 13 Instruction Manual Option 13 equipped instruments only TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 79 Roll mode lets you see acquired data points without waiting for the acquisi tion of a complete waveform record Roll mode gives you interactive feed back For example when a sweep is 10 divisions long and the sweep rate is 1 second per division 10 seconds are required to fill the waveform record Without roll mode you must wait 10 seconds to see that the position contro is set wrong With roll mode you can start seeing results almost immediately Roll Modes Ther
144. he waveform data must fall below 10 of the amplitude from the MidRef point before the measurement system is armed and ready for a positive crossing Similarly after a positive MidRef crossing waveform data must go above 1096 of the amplitude before a negative crossing can be measured Hysteresis is useful when you are measuring noisy signals because it allows the digitizing oscilloscope to ignore minor fluctuations in the signal MCross Calculations MCross1 MCross2 and MCross3 refer to the first second and third MidRef cross times respectively See Figure A 1 The polarity of the crossings does not matter for these variables but the crossings alternate in polarity that is MCross could be a positive or nega tive crossing but if MCross is a positive crossing MCross2 is a negative crossing The oscilloscope caiculates these values as follows 1 Find the first MidRefCrossing in the waveform record or the gated region This is MCrossl 2 Continuing from MCross1 find the next MidRefCrossing in the waveform record or the gated region of the opposite polarity of MCrossI This is MCross2 3 Continuing from MCross2 find the next MidRefCrossing in the waveform record or the gated region of the same polarity as MCross This is MCross3 MCrossiPolarity is the polarity of first crossing no default It can be rising or falling StartCycle is the starting time for cycle measurements It is a floating point number w
145. i Source Coupling Ch f DC aL pes CERES Figure 3 45 Trigger Mode Menu For More See Trigger Modes on page 2 13 Information TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 83 Operation 3 84 Saving and Recalling Setups You may want to save and reuse setups for many reasons For example after changing the setting during the course of an experiment you may want to quickly return to your original setup You can save and recall up to ten instrument setups from internal oscilloscope memory The information is retained even when you turn the oscilloscope off or unplug it To save the current setup of the digitizing oscilloscope 1 Press SETUP Save Current Setup main STOP Before doing step 2 that follows note that if you choose a setup location labeled user you will overwrite the user setup previously stored there You can store setups in setup locations labeled factory without disturbing previously stored seiups 2 Choose one ofthe ten storage locations from the side menu To Setup 1 To Setup 2 see Figure 3 46 Now the current setup is stored in that location Rum MS Sampie i Setup Sw uud To Setup ME Tosetup 2 1 l user i factory mmm nem a mmnra ams pn m ee To Setup t l 1 factory i t M 500s Chi 20mV Figure 3 46 Save Recal Setup Menu Reference For More Informati
146. iable persistence A unique graphical user interface GUI an on board help mode and a logical front pane layout which combine to deliver a new standard in usability Advanced waveform math with Option 2F Advanced DSP Math Com pute and display the integral of a waveform the differential of a wave form and the FFT Fast Fourier Transform of a waveform TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 9 Appendix B Specification Nominal Traits This subsection contains a collection of tables that list the various nominal traits that describe the TDS 400 Digitizing Oscilloscopes Included are electrical and mechanical traits Nominal traits are described using simple statements of fact such as Four ali identical for the trait Input Channels Number of rather than in terms of limits that are performance requirements Table A 7 Nominal Traits Signal Acquisition System Name Description Bandwidth Selections _ 20 MHz 100 MHz and FULL TDS 410 and TDS 420 150 MHz TDS 460 350 MHz Digitizers Number of TDS 410 Two both identical TDS 420 and TDS 460 Four all identical Digitized Bits Number of 8 bits Input Channels Number of TDS 410 Two both identical called CH 1 and CH 2 TDS 420 and TDS 460 Four all identical called CH 1 through CH 4 Input Coupling DC AC or GND Input Resistance Selections 1 MQ or 500 Ranges Offset All Channels Volts Div Setting Offset Range 1 mV div to 99 5 mV div nai A 100 mV di
147. ic Compatibility Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the official Journal of the European Communities EN 50081 1 Emissions EN 55022 Radiated Class B EN 55022 Conducted Class B EN 50082 1 Immunity IEC 801 2 Electrostatic Discharge IEC 801 3 RF Radiated IEC 801 4 Fast Transients IEC 801 5 Surge D tv t Tektronix EC Declaration of Conformity Tektronix Holland N V Marktweg 73A 8444 AB Heerenveen The Netherlands declare under sole responsibility that the TDS 420 Digitizing Oscilloscope meets the intent of Directive 89 336 EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the official Journal of the European Communities EN 50081 1 Emissions EN 55022 Radiated Class B EN 55022 Conducted Class B EN 50082 1 Immunity IEC 801 2 Electrostatic Discharge IEC 801 3 RF Radiated IEC 801 4 Fast Transients IEC 801 5 Surge tM Tektronix EC Declaration of Conformity Tektronix Holland N V Marktweg 73A 8444 AB Heerenveen The Netherlands declare under sole responsibility that the TDS 460 Digitizing Oscilloscope meets the intent of Directive 89 336 EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the official Journal of the European Communities EN 50081 1 Emissions EN 55022 Radiated Class B EN 55
148. ical POSITION 7 70 2 23 3 98 Vertical SCALE 1 10 2 23 3 98 L Landscape Hardcopy menu 3 32 Laserjet 3 31 Laserjet Hardcopy menu 3 32 Layout Hardcopy menu 3 32 Levei Delayed Trigger menu 3 20 Level Main Trigger menu 3 29 Level Trigger 2 76 LF Rej Main Trigger menu 3 28 Limit Test Condition Met Acquire menu 3 47 Limit Test Setup Acquire menu 3 46 3 47 Limit Test Sources Acquire menu 3 46 Limit Test Acquire menu 3 47 Limit testing 3 44 3 48 Linear interpolation 2 78 3 24 G 5 Linear interpolation Display menu 3 24 Long ground leads 3 63 Low 3 50 G 5 Low frequency rejection 2 15 Low impedance Zo probes 3 70 Low Ref Measure menu 3 56 Low inductance ground lead 3 63 Low inductance spring tips 3 64 A 7 M Main menu G 5 Main menu buttons 2 2 G 5 Main Scale Horizontal menu 3 42 Main Trigger Menu Falling edge 3 29 Rising edge 3 29 Main Trigger menu 3 27 3 97 AC 3 28 Auto 3 30 Ch1 Ch2 3 27 Coupling 3 28 DC 3 28 Edge 3 27 3 97 HF Rej 3 28 Level 3 29 LF Rej 3 28 Mode amp Holdoff 3 30 Noise Rej 3 28 Normal 3 30 Set to 50 3 29 3 95 Set to ECL 3 29 Set to TTL 3 29 Slope 3 29 Source 3 27 Type 3 27 3 97 3 101 3 102 Video 3 101 3 102 Marker rings 3 63 A 7 Math Waveform Differential A 1 FFT A 1 Integral A 1 Optional Advanced A 7 Math waveforms 3 107 Math1 2 3 More menu 3 707 Maximum
149. iggering wusste Display Modes TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual BOR E 9 NU RB NM D HF K 2 2 R N NW E W X t X X X W 92 VW VW W B W kk X W W W 9 KKH HM DE vii 2 1 2 2 2 11 2 17 2 22 2 26 3 1 3 2 3 9 3 11 3 16 3 22 Appendices Glossary Index HaFICODU ier vor Ce XS Vac c da VOCARE AP TCR 3 31 HED 2 2 EP 3 39 Horizontal CORO 4 ess c ao noe eR sede SCRAP ECU R 400 Ca a 3 40 LAM TESUNG Mee PT Rm 3 44 Measurement System eueeeelu een nn 3 49 Probe Accessories an kk psa c OR ween eee Oe eae 3 60 Probe Compensation uel eese een 3 67 Probe Selection viia ed RE EUG d ERE E cud 3 69 Remote Communication esses nnn 3 76 MON wessen EPIO E RUE INCL LS I eee E 3 80 Saving and Recalling Setups sseeeseleeseeeee 3 84 Saving and Recalling Waveforms esee 3 86 Selecting Channels ccc cece ee ceueavecccuecaneauuen 3 89 Signal Path Compensation 0 0 0 0 0 0 cece eee eee eter e eese nh 3 91 SEAlUS ciccia Does dads ima db Pede Here 3 93 HOUSE oi COCA TA Fa ean ee Rea CR DOR Fa eae 3 94 Ver cal CONTE u a 3 98 VIOO II GOOMNG casco d ilo Eo OR OA ra Rh B 3 101 WAVGIONT MAIN isn A TENE 3 107 ZDOM Ru ET 3 110 Appendix A Options and Accessories suus A 1 Appendix B Specification 0 0 0 0c e ener n arcane enn nenne A 9 Appendix C Algorithms 2 0 0 0
150. ill on screen To add additional hardcopies to the printer spool press HARDCOPY again after the hardcopy in process message is removed from the screen You can add hardcopies to the spool until it is full When the spool is filled by adding a hardcopy the message Hardcopy in Process Press HARDCOPY to abort remains displayed You can abort the ast hardcopy sent by press ing the button while the message is still displayed When the printer empties enough of the spool to finish adding the last hardcopy it does so and then removes the message To remove ali hardcopies from the spool Press SHIFT HARDCOPY MENU Clear Spool main OK Confirm Clear Spool side The oscilioscope takes advantage of any unused RAM when spooling hardcopies to printers The size of the spool is therefore variable The number of hardcopies that can be spooled depends on three variables m ithe amount of unused RAM B the hardcopy format chosen m the complexity of the display Date Time Stamping Your Hardcopy You can display the current date and time on screen so that it appears on the hardcopies you print To date and time stamp your hardcopy TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 33 Hardcopy 3 34 Date and Time Display Press DISPLAY Readout Options main Display Date and Time side to toggle the setting to On The date and time are backed up by a battery and need not be set each time you power up the oscilloscope
151. iming measurement The distance time between MidRef default 5096 amplitude points of a positive pulse If MCross1Polarity then PositiveWidth MCross2 MCross1 eise PositiveWidth MCross3 MCross2 Hise Time Timing measurement Time taken for the leading edge of a pulse to rise from a LowRef value default 10 to a HighRef value default 90 Figure A 3 shows a rising edge with the two crossings necessary to calcu late a Rise Time measurement 1 Searching from Start to End find the first sample in the measurement zone less than LowRef 2 Fromthis sample continue the search to find the first positive crossing of LowRef The time of this crossing is the low rise time or TLR Use linear interpolation if necessary 3 From TLR continue the search looking for a crossing of High Ref Up date TLR if subsequent LowRef crossings are found If a HighRef cross ing is found it becomes the high rise time or THR Use linear interpolation if necessary 4 RiseTime THR TLR TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 33 Appendix C Algorithms Rise Time PTEN TLR THR High oes ie eres eee ree HighRef SENEE ETE Figure A 3 Rise Time RMS Uf eS VEU Amplitude voitage measurement The true Root Mean Square voltage If Start End then RMS the interpolated value at Waveform Start Otherwise En
152. ins disabled during the holdoff period that follows each acquisition You can set holdoff time to heip ensure a stable display For example the trigger signal can be a complex waveform with many possible trigger points on it Though the waveform is repetitive a simple trigger might get you a series of patterns on the screen instead of the same pattern each time Digital pulse trains are good examples see Figure 2 3 Each pulse looks like any other so many possible trigger points exist Not ail of these result in the same display The holdoff period allows the digitizing oscilloscope to trigger on the correct edge resulting in a stable display Holdoff is settable from 096 minimum holdoff available to 100 maximum available To see how to set holdoff see Mode amp Holdoff on page 3 30 The minimum and maximum holdoff varies with the horizontal scale See Holdoff Variable Main Trigger on page A 22 of Appendix B for the typical minimum and maximum values 2 14 Operating Basics Triggering Acqu sition Acquisition interval interval Trigger Points Trigger Level Hoidoff Holdoff Holdoff Triggers are Not Recognized During Holdoff Time Figure 2 3 Trigger Holdoff Time Ensures Valid Triggering Coupling Trigger coupling determines what part ofthe signal is passed to the trigger circuit Available coupling types include AC DC Low Frequency Rejection High Frequency Hejection and Noise Rejection DC w DC coupling
153. ith values between 0 0 and RecordLength 1 0 inclusive StartCycle MCross1 EndCycle is the ending time for cycle measurements It is a floating point number with values between 0 0 and RecordLength 1 0 inclusive EndCycle MCross3 A 26 Appendices MidRef Hysteresis x Amplitude Appendix C Algorithms MCross1 StartCycle MCross3 MCross2 EndCycle MidRef 9 M ern e ae nn t MidRef Hysteresis x Amplitude A Je Measurement Algorithms daf Dana of Du 1 debe Figure A 1 MCross Calculations Waveform 0 0 RecordLength 1 0 holds the acquired data TPOS is the location of the sample just before the trigger point the time reference zero sample In other terms it contains the domain reference location This location is where time 0 TSOFF is the offset between TPOS and the actual trigger point In other words it is the trigger sample offset Values range between 0 0 and 1 0 samples This value is determined by the instrument when it receives a trigger The actua zero reference trigger location in the measurement record is at TPOS TSOFF The automated measurements are defined and calculated as follows Amplitude Amplitude High Low Area The arithmetic area for one waveform Remember that one waveform is not necessarily equal to one cycle For cyclical da
154. ive Devices These symbols appear on equipment amp A DANGER Protective ATTENTION High Voltage ground earth Hefer to terminai manual TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual vii Specific Precautions viii Observe all of these precautions to ensure your personal safety and to prevent damage to either the digitizing oscilloscope or equipment con nected to it Power Source The digitizing oscilloscope is intended to operate from a power source that will not apply more than 250 Vaus between the supply conductors or be tween either supply conductor and ground A protective ground connection through the grounding conductor in the power cord is essential for safe system operation Grounding the Digitizing Oscilloscope The digitizing oscilloscope is grounded through the power cord To avoid electric shock plug the power cord into a properly wired receptacle where earth ground has been verified by a qualified service person Do this before making connections to the input or output terminals of the digitizing oscilo scope Without the protective ground connection all parts of the digitizing oscillo scope are potential snock hazards This includes knobs and controls that may appear to be insulators Use the Proper Power Cord Use only the power cord and connector specified for your product Use only a power cord that is in good condition Use the Proper Fuse To avoid fire hazard use only the fuse specified in the
155. ives some very general operating instructions It also contains an overview of all the main menus This part includes w Front Panel Map m Rear Panel Map m Display Map Basic Menu Operation m Menu Map The second part explains the following concepts m The triggering system which establishes conditions for acquiring signals Properly set triggers can convert displays from unstable jumbles or blank screens into meaningful waveforms See Triggering on page 2 11 The acquisition system which converts analog data into digital form See Acquisition on page 2 17 m The waveform scaling and positioning system which changes the dimensions of the waveform display Scaling waveforms involves in creasing or decreasing their displayed size Positioning means moving them up down right or left on the display See Scaling and Positioning Waveforms on page 2 22 w The measurement system which provides numeric information on the displayed waveforms You can use graticule cursor and automated measurements See Measurements on page 2 26 At the end of each topic For More Information points you to sources of more information To explore these topics in more depth and to read about topics not covered in this section see Reference Page 3 1 lists the topics covered p AA A M M M9MM 9 MPP 9 M a a AA P a EE EE MMLLB BA M E AAA OV REED AD MEER D M d d dd TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 1 At
156. l and it remains on screen regardless of the horizontal position as long as the channel providing the trigger source is displayed 3 96 Reference Triggering Sampie Run 1 008575 Trigger Position Relative to the Display and Waveform Record Trigger Point Indicator indicating the Trigger Position on the Waveform Record Trigger Bar indicating the Trigger Levei on the Waveform Record Figure 3 55 Record View Trigger Position and Trigger Level Bar Readouts Both the trigger point indicator and level bar are displayed from the Display menu See Display Readout on page 3 23 for more information Trigger Menu Each trigger type edge and video has its own main trigger menu which is described in a separate part of this section see For More Information To select the trigger type press TRIGGER MENU Type main Edge For More See Delay Triggering on page 3 16 Information See Edge Triggering on page 3 27 See Video Triggering on page 3 101 See Triggering on page 2 11 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 97 Vertical Control You can control the vertical position and scale of the selected waveform using the vertical menu and knobs Vertical Knobs By changing the vertical scale you can focus on a particular portion of a waveform By adjusting the vertical position you can move the waveform up or down on the display That is particularly useful when you are comparing two or more waveforms T
157. l Lead Adapter The dua ead adapter makes an easy connection to 0 025 diameter connec tor pins Figure 3 35 One lead connects to a ground reference pin and the other to the signal pin The adapter prevents burring and pin damage that can result when a retractable hook tip is used on soft pins A single lead adapter is also available These adapters can also be used with the SMT KlipChip to provide access to very small signal and ground test points Although the dual lead adapter is an improvement over the long ground leads in terms of added inductance measurements at frequencies greater than 30 MHz may require using one of the low inductance ground leads Because of the length of the signal lead the dual lead configuration is also more susceptible to signal crosstalk than other tip configurations Figure 3 35 Dual Lead Adapter 3 66 Reference Probe Compensation Passive probes require compensation to ensure maximum distortion free input to the digitizing oscilloscope and to avoid high frequency amplitude errors see Figure 3 36 Probe Compensated Correctly Probe Overcompensated Probe Undercompensated Figure 3 36 How Probe Compensation Affects Signals Operation To compensate your probe 1 Connectthe probe to the probe compensation signal on the front panel 2 Press AUTOSET NOTE When you connect an active probe to the oscilloscope such as the P6205 the input impedance of the oscilloscope automatically bec
158. l when the record length of the waveform is so large greater than 500 points that the digitizing oscilloscope cannot display the entire waveform record at one time You can also adjust the scale of the waveform For example you might want to see just one cycle of a waveform to measure the overshoot on its rising edge You adjust the horizontal scale of the displayed waveform records using the horizontal SCALE knob and the horizontal position using the horizontal POSITION knob The digitizing oscilloscope shows the actual scale in the bottom right of the display The scale readout shows the time per division used Since ali live waveforms use the same time base the digitizing oscilloscope oniy displays one value for ail the active channels TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 23 Scaling and Positioning Waveforms Aliasing oO 1 When aliasing happens you see a waveform with a frequency lower than the actual waveform being input or a waveform is not stable even though the light next to TRIG D is illuminated Aliasing occurs because the oscilloscope cannot sample the signal fast enough to construct an accurate waveform record Figure 2 10 Actual High Frequency Waveform Apparent Low Frequency Waveform Due to Aliasing Sampled Points Figure 2 10 Aliasing One simple way to check for aliasing is to slowly change the horizontal scale time per division setting
159. lectronic Converters P6703A 1100 to 1700 nm DC to 1 GHz 1 V mW P6711 500 to 950 nm DC to 250 MHz 5 V mW P6713 1100 to 1700 nm DC to 300 MHz 5 V mW 3 74 Time to Voltage Converter TVC 501 Time delay pulse width and period measurements Reference Probe Selection Probes by Another way to classify probes is by application Different applications demand different probes Use Table 3 6 to select a probe for your applica Application m Table 3 6 Probes by Application Telecommuni industrial Consumer High Energy Certification cations amp Electronics Computer Pulsed Power Regulatory amp High Speed Electronics Compliance Probe Type Logic Testing Passive high impedance P6138 P61381 4 P6138123 P61381 2 3 P61381 2 3 voltage P6101A1 P6101A12 P6101A1 P6101A1 2 P6101A12 Active high speed digital P620523 P62052 3 P62052 3 P62052 3 P62052 3 voitage Low impedance Zo P61561 2 3 P6156123 low capacitance Passive high voltage P60091 2 P60091 2 3 P60091 2 P60091 2 3 P60091 2 3 P6015A1 4 3 P6015A1 2 3 P6015A1 2 3 Active differential voltage P60462 3 P6046 P6046 3 Current AM 503S2 3 AM 503523 AM 503823 AM 50352 3 AM 503982 3 P6021 2 P6021 2 P602112 P60211 2 P602112 CT412 CT1 22 3 CT412 Fixtured A650123 A650123 P6501253 P65012 3 Optical P6701423 P6701423 P6701A2 3 P6703A 3 P6703A2 3 P6703A2 3 P6711 P67112 3 P67112 3 P671323 P67132 3 P67132 3 Time to voltage converter TVC 50133 TVC 50123 TVC 501
160. lue used as 10096 in automated measurements whenever high ref mid ref and low ref values are needed as in fali time and rise time measurements May be caiculated using either the min max or the histogram method With the min max method most useful for general waveforms it is the maximum value found With the histogram method most useful for pulses it refers to the most common value found above the mid point See Appendix C Algo rithms for details Holdoff trigger A specified amount of time after a trigger signal that elapses before the trigger circuit will accept another trigger signal That helps ensure a stable display Horizontal bar cursors The two horizontal bars that you position to measure the voltage parameters of a waveform The oscilloscope displays the value of the active moveable cursor with respect to ground and the voltage value between the bars Glossary Glossary Interpolation The way the digitizing oscilloscope calculates values for record points when the oscilloscope cannot acquire ali the points for a complete record with a single trigger event That condition occurs when the oscilloscope is limited to real time sampling and the time base is set to a value that exceeds the effective sample rate of the oscilloscope The digitizing oscilioscope has two interpolation op tions near or sin x x interpolation Linear interpolation calculates record points in a straight line fit between the actual values
161. ment If any such product proves defective during this warranty period Tektronix at its option either will repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product In order to obtain service under this warranty Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the performance of service Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix with shipping charges prepaid Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located Customer shall be responsible for paying ali shipping charges duties taxes and any other charges for products returned to any other locations This warranty shall not apply to any defect failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care Tektronix shail not be obligated to furnish service under this warranty a to repair damage resuiting from attempts by personnel other than Tektronix representatives to install repair or service the product b to repair damage resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment or c to service a product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such modification or integration incr
162. ments Name Description Source Voltage and Frequency 90 to 132 VAC rms continuous range for 48 Hz through 62 Hz 100 to 132 VAC rms continuous range for 48 Hz through 440 Hz 180 to 250 VAC rms continuous range for 48 Hz through 440 Hz 240 Watts 370 VA Power Consumption TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 19 Appendix B Specification Table A 19 Warranted Characteristics Environmental Safety and Reliability Name Description Atmospherics Temperature 0 C to 50 C operating 40 C to 75 C non operating Helative humidity 0 to 95 at or below 30 C 0 to 75 31 C to 50 C Altitude To 15 000 ft 4570 m operating to 40 000 ft 12190 m non operating Emissions Meets or exceeds the requirements of the following standards Vig 243 1991 Amended per Vfg 46 1992 FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart B Class A EN50081 1 European Community Requirements EN55022 Radiated Emissions Class B ENS5022 Conducted Emissions Class B ousceptibility Meets Or exceeds ihe requirements of the following standards EN50082 1 European Community Requirements IEC 801 3 Radiated Susceptibility 3 V meter from 27 MHz to 500 MHz unmodulated Performance Criteria 0 2 division waveform displacement or 0 2 division increase in p p noise when the oscilloscope is subjected to the EMI specified in the standard IEC 801 2 Electrostatic Discharge Performance Criteria D Dynamics Random vibrati
163. ments You make automated measurements merely by pressing a few buttons The digitizing oscilloscope does all the calculating for you Because these mea surements use the waveform record points they are more accurate than cursor or graticule measurements Press the MEASURE button for the automated measurement menus These menus let you make amplitude typically in volts sometimes in 96 time typically in seconds or hertz and area in volt seconds measurements You can select and display up to four measurements at a time See Table 3 4 on page 3 49 for a list of all the automatic measurements and their definitions You can make automated measurements on the entire waveform record or just on a specific part The gating selection in the Measurement menu lets you use the vertical cursors to limit the measurement to a section of the waveform record The snapshot selection in the Measurement menu lets you display almost all of the measurements at once You can read about snapshot under Snapshot of Measurements on page 3 58 Automated measurements use readouts to show measurement status These readouts are updated as the oscilloscope acquires new data or if you change settings For More see Appendix C Algorithms on page A 24 for details on how the digitizing Information oscilloscope calculates each automatic measurement See Cursor Measurements on page 3 11 for more information on cursor measurements see Measurement System
164. ments 7 18 2 28 3 49 Automatic trigger mode 2 74 G 1 Autoset 1 11 2 25 3 9 3 10 G 2 AUTOSET button 7 17 3 9 3 97 Auxiliary trigaer 2 12 Average acquisition mode 3 5 G 2 Average mode Acquire menu 3 44 Average Acquire menu 3 6 B Bandwidth 7 2 2 20 G 2 Bandwidth Vertical menu 3 100 Before you begin 7 5 BMP 3 31 BMP Hardcopy menu 3 32 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Index Burst width 3 49 Button ACQUIRE MENU 3 6 3 44 AUTOSET 1 11 2 24 3 9 3 91 CLEAR MENU 7 70 1 19 2 2 2 7 3 58 CURSOR 2 27 3 13 DELAYED TRIG 3 78 DISPLAY 3 22 FORCE TRIG 3 95 HARDCOPY 3 32 3 78 HELP 3 39 HORIZONTAL MENU 3 77 MEASURE 3 52 MORE 3 87 3 89 3 107 ON STBY 7 4 2 2 Save recall SETUP 7 7 3 84 Save recall WAVEFORM 3 86 SET LEVEL TO 50 3 95 STATUS 3 93 TOGGLE 2 27 3 14 G 9 TRIGGER MENU 3 27 3 97 3 107 UTILITY 3 32 3 78 VERTICAL MENU 7 75 WAVEFORM OFF 7 77 3 26 3 90 ZOOM 2 25 3 110 Buttons CH1 CH2 3 89 Channel selection 1 14 3 89 Main menu 2 2 Side menu 2 2 C Cables 3 77 3 78 Cart Instrument K212 A 3 CAUTION statement in manuals vii statement on equipment vij Centronics Port optional 3 32 8 35 3 76 Certificate of Calibration and Test Data Report A 3 CH1 CH2 buttons 3 89 Ch1 Ch2 Delayed Trigger menu 3 19 Ch1 Ch2 Main Trigger menu 3 27 index Ch1 Ch2 Video Trigger menu 3 102
165. mum amplitude Typically the most negative peak voltage Examine all Waveform samples from Start to End inclusive and set Min equal to the smallest magnitude Waveform value found Negative Duty Cycle Timing measurement The ratio of the negative pulse width to the signal period expressed as a percentage NegativeWidth is defined in Negative Width below If Period 0 or undefined then return an error NegativeWidth OF Poa N NegativeDutyCycle Negative Overshoot Amplitude voltage measurement Low Min x 100 NegativeOvershoot Ampltide Note that this value should never be negative unless High or Low are set out of range Negative Width Timing measurement The distance time between MidRef default 50 amplitude points of a negative pulse TDS 410 TOS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 31 Y Appendix C Algorithms If MCross1Polarity then NegativeWidth MCross2 MCross1 else NegativeWidth MCross3 MCross2 Peak to Peak EA Amplitude measurement The absolute difference between the maximum and minimum amplitude PeaktoPeak Max Min Period fue Timing measurement Time taken for one complete signal cycle The recip rocal of frequency Measured in seconds Period MCross3 MCrossl Phase AY Timing measurement The amount of phase shift expressed in degrees of the target waveform cycle between the MidRef crossings of two different waveforms Waveforms
166. n Hi Res and Average the maximum record iength is 15 000 points TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 11 Appendix B Specification Table A 9 Nominal Traits Triggering System Name Description Hange Events Delay 1 to 9 999 999 Ranges Trigger Level or Threshold Source Range Any Channel 12 divisions from center of screen Line 400 Volts Table A 10 Nomina Traits Display System Name Description 640 pixels horizontally by 480 pixels vertically in a display area of 5 04 inches horizontally by 3 78 inches vertically Video Display Resolution Waveform Display Graticule A single graticule 401 x 501 pixels 8 x 10 divisions with divisions that are 1 cm by 1 cm Waveform Display Grey Scale 16 levels in infinite persistence and variable persistence display styles Table A 11 Nominal Traits Data Storage Name Description Standard Instrument Total capacity is 60 000 points Option 1M Equipped Instrument Total capacity is 60 000 points one to four waveforms acquired with any combination of record lengths that add up to 60 000 points For available record lengths see Record Length Selection on page A 11 of this sec tion Capacity Nonvolatiie Waveform Memory Capacity Nonvolatiie Setup Memory Ten setups Batteries Required Two lithium poly carbon monofiuoride Both are type BR2 3A UL listed Both are rated at 3 0 volt 1 2 amp hour Batteries are not ac
167. n of the trigger in the waveform record 3 Toggie Trigger Bar Style side to select either the short or the long trigger bar or to turn the trigger bar off See Figure 3 13 Note that both styles are shown for illustrating purposes but you can only display one style at a time TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 23 Display Modes The trigger bar is only displayed if the trigger source is an active dis played waveform Also two trigger bars are displayed when delay triggerable acquisitions are displayed one for the main and one for the delayed timebase The trigger bar is a visual indicator of the trigger level Sometimes especially when using the hardcopy feature you may wish to display the current date and time on screen For more information about displaying and setting date and time see Date Time Stamping Your Hardcopy on page 3 33 4 Press Display Date Time side to turn it on or off Push Clear Menu to see the current date and time Note that if the date and time have not been set since the oscilloscope was last powered on a message is displayed with instructions for setting date and time nS ST stele teat j Run 30 0MS s Sample Display Date Time ON amp i Options 3 5 7 i bre Bisplay T i 2 i Trigger Point QN Trigger Point Indicator Trigger Bar Long Style Trigger Bar Short Style A Readout Oplions Style T Fitter Gratic
168. nals The video trigger option lets you trigger on positive or negative sync pulses It lets you select interlaced field one interlaced field two both fields or noninterlaced You also can define the signal to be NTSC PAL SECAM or a custom class Sync Pulses since sync pulses occur at the end of each line and picture Ime in a video signal they are the logical event to trigger on The oscilloscope can trigger on a positive or negative sync pulse Although the standard uel gt polarity for video signals is negative the positive polarity option is useful when probing circuitry that inverts a video signal Interlacing and Fields a video picture or frame is drawn using two separate video signals called fields The two fields alternate drawing the horizontal lines in a frame field one is the field that draws all the odd num bered lines and field two draws ali the even number lines interlacing is the act of drawing a frame by alternating between field one and field two see Figure 2 2 Some video formats especially those used in computer monitors use noninterlaced formats cens eae ae ST eT yee en Trigger Modes Triggering Beg nning Beginning of Field 1 of Field 2 End of End of Field 1 Field 2 Figure 2 2 interlaced Frame The oscilloscope lets you choose between triggering on interlaced field one interlaced field two or triggering alternately on field one and field two both fieids Video Standards
169. nd inductance For most circuits the high input resistance of a passive probe has a negligi ble effect on the signal The series inductances represented by the probe tip and ground lead however can result in a parasitic resonant circuit that may ring within the bandwidth of the oscilloscope Figure 3 33 shows the effect of the same signal through the same probe with different ground leads Ringing and rise time degradation may be hidden if the frequency of the induced ringing is beyond the bandwidth of the oscilloscope If you know the self inductance L and capacitance C of your probe and ground lead you can calculate the approximate resonant frequency fo at which that parasitic circuit resonates TES om guessnnnun DT x JLC Reducing the ground lead inductance raises the resonant frequency Ideally the inductance is low enough that the resulting frequency is above the frequency at which you want to take measurements For that purpose the probes include several accessories to help reduce ground lead inductance A ae i S dn snnt PAARE Sr t AA ttd rh WHY HS ttt t t Ha PA HABUERINT YS NAP VITA HP CMM 3 60 Reference Standard Probe Accessories Probe Accessories LLL LUE LL LL II INH TAI TFT LL LIBI L LLL 4 Ground Lead Low Inductance Ground Lead Figure 3 33 Signal Variation Introduced by Probe Ground Lead 1 ns division The following descriptions explain how to use many of the accessories that
170. nd is positive area below ground is negative AUi Burst Width Timing measurement The duration of a burst Measured over the entire wave form or gated region Cycle Mean Voltage measurement The arithmetic mean over the first cycle in the wave form or the first cycle in the gated region yg Cycle RMS Voltage measurement The true Root Mean Square voltage over the first cycie in the waveform or the first cycle in the gated region TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 49 Measurement System Table 3 4 Measurement Definitions Cont Name Definition 4 f Delay Timing measurement The time between the MidHef crossings of two different traces or the gated region of the traces ES Fall Time Timing measurement Time taken for the falling edge of the first pulse in the waveform or gated region to fall from a High Ref value default 9096 to a Low Ref value default 1096 of its final value J Li Frequency Timing measurement for the first cycle in the waveform or gated region The reciprocal of the period Measured in Hertz Hz where 1 Hz 1 cycle per second ITF High The value used as 100 whenever High Ref Mid Ref and Low Ref values are needed as in fall time and rise time measurements Calculated using either the min max or the histogram method The min max method uses the maxi mum value found The histogram method uses the most common vaiue found above the mid point Measured
171. nd the speed of the time base at some point the digitizing oscilloscope may not get enough samples to create a waveform record At that point the digitizing oscilloscope creates the waveform record in one of two ways depending on whether you have limited the oscilloscope to real time sampling or enabled equivalent time sampling you make that choice in the Acquisition menu During real time sampling the digitizing oscilloscope uses a process called interpolation to create the intervening points in the waveform record There are two options for interpolation linear or sin x x Linear interpolation computes record points between actual acquired sam ples by using a straight line fit t assumes ail the interpolated points fail in their appropriate point in time on that straight line Linear interpolation is useful for many waveforms such as pulse trains Operating Basics Acquisition Sin x ix interpolation computes record points using a curve fit between the actual values acquired It assumes ail the interpolated points fali along that curve That is particularly useful when acquiring more rounded waveforms such as sine waves Actually it is appropriate for general use although it may introduce some overshoot or undershoot in signais with fast rise times NOTE When using either type of interpolation you may wish to set the display style so that the real samples are displayed intensified relative to the interpolated samples The ins
172. ndCycle then CycleRMS Waveform Start Otherwise EnaCycle Waveform t dt irt Cycle cleRMS NI EndCycle StariCycle x SampleInterval Appendices Appendix C Algorithms For details of the integration algorithm see page A 34 Delay OF Timing measurement The amount of time between the MidRef and Mid2Ref crossings of two different traces or two different places on the same trace Delay measurements are actually a group of measurements To get a specit ic delay measurement you must specify the target and reference crossing polarities and the reference search direction Delay the time from one MidRef crossing on the source waveform to the Mid2Ref crossing on the second waveform Delay is not available in the Snapshot display Fall Time i Timing measurement The time taken for the falling edge of a pulse to drop from a HighRef value default 9096 to a LowRef value default 10 Figure A 2 shows a falling edge with the two crossings necessary to calcu late a Fall measurement 1 Searching from Start to End find the first sample in the measurement zone greater than HighRef 2 From this sample continue the search to find the first negative cross ing of HighRef The time of this crossing is THF Use linear interpolation if necessary 3 From THF continue the search looking for a crossing of LowRef Up date THF if subsequent HighRef crossings are found When a LowRef crossing is fo
173. nfusing waveforms and delivers a coherent real time view The TVC adds three measurement functions to the voltage versus time capability of your oscilloscope time delay versus time pulse width versus time and period versus time TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 73 Probe Selection Probes by Type Tabie 3 5 lists TDS 400 compatible probes classified by type Table 3 5 TDS 400 Compatible Probes Probe Type Tektronix Model Description Passive high impedance P6138 std 10X 350 MHz voltage P6101A 1X 15 MHz Passive low impedance Zo P6156 10X 3 5 GHz for 50 Q inputs 1X 20X 100X optional low capacitance P6562 SMT 350 MHz Passive high voltage P6009 100X 1 5 kV DC peak AC P6015A 1000X 20 kV DC peak AC Active high speed voltage P6205 DC to 750 MHz FET Active differential voltage P6046 1X 10X DC to 100 MHz Active fixtured voltage A6501 Buffer Amplifier 1 GHz 1 MO 10X P6501 Microprobe with TekProbe Power Cable 750 MHz Opt 02 1 MQ 10X Current AM 503S AC DC Uses A6302 Current Probe AM 5035 AC DC Uses A6303 Current Probe Opt 03 P6021 AC 120 Hz to 60 MHz P6022 AC 935 kHz to 120 MHz CT 1 CT 2 Designed for permanent or semi permanent in circuit installation CT 1 25 kHz to 1 GHz 50 input CT 2 1 2 kHz to 200 MHz 50 Q input CT 4 Current Transformer for use with AM 5035 and P6021 Peak pulse 1 kA 0 5Hz to 20 MHz with AM 5035 Optical P6701A 500 to 950 nm DC to 850 MHz 1 V mW Opto E
174. ng the top part of the display has an icon indicating where the trigger occurs in the waveform record You select in the Horizontal menu what percentage of the waveform record will contain pretrigger information Many users find displaying pretrigger information a valuable troubleshooting technique For example if you are trying to find the cause of an unwanted glitch in your test circuit it may prove valuable to trigger on the glitch and make the pretrigger period large enough to capture data before the glitch By analyzing what happened before the glitch you may uncover clues about the source of the glitch The slope contro determines whether the oscilloscope finds the trigger point on the rising or the falling edge of a signal see Figure 2 4 You set trigger slope by selecting Slope in the Main Trigger menu and then selecting from the rising or falling slope icons in the side menu that appears The level contro determines where on that edge the trigger point occurs see Figure 2 4 Positive Going Edge Negative Going Edge Trigger Slope Can be Positive or Negative Figure 2 4 Slope and Level Controls Help Define the Trigger The digitizing oscilloscope lets you set the main trigger level with the trigger MAIN LEVEL knob See Delayed Triggering on page 3 16 See Edge Triggering on page 3 27 See Horizontal Controls on page 3 40 see Triggering on page 3 94 Operating Basics Sampling and Digitizing Acquisiti
175. nnect a signal to a channel and display it the signai dis played may not be scaled and triggered correctly Use the autoset function and you should quickly get a meaningful display When you reset the digitizing oscilloscope you see a clear stable display of the probe compensation waveform That is because the probe compensa tion signal happens to display well at the default settings of the digitizing oscilloscope 1 To create an unstable display siowly turn the trigger MAIN LEVEL knob see Figure 1 10 first one direction then the other Observe what hap pens when you move the trigger level above the highest part of the displayed waveform Leave the trigger level in that untriggered state 2 Press AUTOSET see Figure 1 11 and observe the stable waveform display TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 11 Exampie 1 Displaying a Waveform EN TRIGGER INI MAIN LEVEL MAIN LEVEL Knob DEAD TRIG TRIGGER MENU Figure 1 10 TRIGGER Controls SAVE RECALL APPLICATION POMENU ACQUIRE MENU HARDCOPY RUNISTOP AUTOSET Button Figure 1 11 AUTOSET Button Location Figure 1 12 shows the display after pressing AUTOSET If necessary you can adjust the waveform using the knobs discussed earlier in this example Run 06K5 s Sample d E 1 een Sa ees a Tu Eh un amos A EEEE Dalle C i v PETER vj i a CR QR EA it quoi EM m E nennen ER
176. nnel One type of input used for signal acquisition Channel Reference Indicator The indicator on the left side of the display that points to the position around which the waveform contracts or expands when vertical scale is changed This position is ground when offset is set to 0 V otherwise it is ground plus offset Coupling The association of two or more circuits or systems in such a way that power or information is transferred from one to the other You can couple the input signal to the trigger and vertical systems sever ai different ways Cursors Paired markers that you use to make measurements between two waveform locations The oscilloscope displays the values ex pressed in volts or time of the position of the active cursor and the distance between the two cursors Cycle area A measurement of waveform area taken over one cycle Expressed in volt seconds Area above ground is positive area below ground is negative Cycle mean An amplitude voltage measurement of the arithmetic mean over one cycle Cycle RMS The true Root Mean Square voltage over one cycle Glossary d 4 U TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Glossary DC coupling A mode that passes both AC and DC signal components to the circuit Available for both the trigger system and the vertical system Delay measurement A measurement of the time between the middle reference crossings of two different waveforms Delay time The time bet
177. nnel Readout 0 00 eee 3 89 Figure 3 50 Waveform Selection Priority 0 0 0 e eee 3 90 Figure 3 51 Performing a Signal Path Compensation 3 92 Figure 3 52 Status Menu System 0 0 200 c cee 3 93 Figure 3 53 TRIGGER Controls and Status Lights 3 94 Figure 3 54 Example Trigger Readouts 0 0 0 2 eee eae 3 96 Figure 3 55 Record View Trigger Position and Trigger Level Bat MESUDUIS v Sum de reed do dae heather ar 3 97 Figure 3 56 Vertical Readouts and Channel Menu 3 99 Figure 3 57 Main Trigger Menu Video Type 0 5 3 101 Figure 3 58 Video Trigger Menu Class seen 3 102 Figure 3 59 Video Trigger Menu TV Delay Mode 3 103 Figure 3 60 Video Trigger Scan Parameter uuuuue 3 104 Figure 3 61 Video Trigger Scan Rate amp Interlace 3 105 Figure 3 62 Video Trigger Menu Mode amp Holdoff 3 106 Figure 3 63 More MOR 2 2 0 05 40 es Based 3 107 Figure 3 64 Dual Waveform Math Main and Side Menus 3 108 Figure 3 65 Zoom Mode with Horizontal Lock Set to None 3 111 Figure A 1 MCross Calculations 0 020s ee eee A 27 Figure A 2 Fall Time us A 30 Figure A 3 Rise Times an aa A 34 Figure A 4 Choosing Minima or Maxima to Use for Envelope MOASUTEMERES sun ds er Date Quei prar Rc ed A 36 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Ma
178. nterleaf m Tag Image File Format TIFF m PC Paintbrush PCX Microsoft Windows file format BMP m Encapsulated Postscript Image Mono Plot and Color Plot Some formats particularly Interleaf Postscript TIFF PCX BMP and HPGL are compatibie with various desktop publishing packages That means you can paste files created from the oscilloscope directly into a document on any of those desktop publishing systems EPS Mono and Color formats are compatibie with the Tektronix Phaser Color Printer HPGL is compatible with the Tektronix HC100 Plotter and Epson is compatible with the Tektronix HC200 Printer Before you make a hardcopy you need to set up communications and hardcopy parameters This discussion assumes that the hardcopy device is already connected to the GPIB port on the rear panel If that is not the case see Connection Strategies on page 3 35 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 31 Hardcopy Setting Communication Parameters To set up the communication parameters 1 Press SHIFT UTILITY System main I O pop up Confi gure main see Figure 3 16 2 Press Hardcopy Talk Only side Rum er Sample GPIB Address 1 mn i ni qo we GPIB Konfiguration Taik Listen Address i Faymann i Off Bus i 4 arene seme 4 ee B a 200mv Ch2 100mV M 300us Chl 48mV run Configure UELUT Figure 3
179. nual vi List of Tables Table 1 1 Fuse and Fuse Cap Part Numbers Table 3 1 Additional Resolution Bits Table 3 3 XY Format Pairs Table 3 4 Measurement Definitions Table 3 5 TDS 400 Compatibie Probes Table 3 6 Probes by Application Table 3 7 Zoom Defaults Table A 1 International Power Cords Table A 2 Standard Accessories Table A 3 Probe Accessories Table A 4 Optional Accessories Table A 5 Probe Accessories Tabie A 6 Accessory Software Table A 7 Nominal Traits Signal Acquisition System Table A 8 Nominal Traits Time Base System Table A 9 Nominal Traits Triggering System Table A 10 Nominal Traits Display System Tabie A 11 Nominal Traits Data Storage Table A 12 Nominal Traits GPIB Interface Video Output and Power Fuse Table A 13 Nominal Traits Mechanical Table A 14 Warranted Characteristics Signal Acquisition oystem Table A 15 Warranted Characteristics Time Base oystem Table A 16 Warranted Characteristics Triggering System Table A 17 Warranted Characteristics Probe Compensator JUDA asa ciclo iol ui ae set ben Bak HEERES EUREHBEHTERBHRRERE Table A 18 Power Requirements 0 00 00 ccc ee eee eee eae Table A 19 Warranted Characteristics Environmental Safety and Reliability Table A 20 Typical Characteristics Signal Acquisition System Table A 21 Typical Characteristics Time Base System Table A 22 Typical Characteristics Triggering Sys
180. nus Front panel names are ail upper case letters for example VERTICAL MENU CH 1 etc Instruction steps are numbered The number is omitted if there is only one step When steps require that you make a sequence of selections using front panel controls and menu buttons an arrow marks each transition between a front panel button and a menu or between menus Also whether a name is a main menu or side menu item is clearly indicated Press VERTICAL MENU Coupling main DC side Band width main gt 100 MHz side Using the convention just described results in instructions that are graphically intuitive and simplifies procedures For example the instruc tion just given repiaces these five steps 1 Pressthe front pane button VERTICAL MENU 2 Press the main menu button Coupling 3 Press the side menu button DC 4 Press the main menu button Bandwidth 5 Press the side menu button 100 MHz sometimes you may have to make a selection from a popup menu Press TRIGGER MENU Type main Edge popup In this exam pie you repeatedly press the main menu button Type until Edge is highlighted in the pop up menu Preface Overview This section presents a product descr ption start up information and four examples discussing the basic functions of the digitizing oscilloscope Use the At a Glance section starting on page 2 2 to help you locate the correct knobs buttons and menus m Example 1 teaches y
181. o scope you defined using the IBCONF EXE program that came with the GPIB board NOTE If you defined another name then of course use it instead of DEV1 Also remember that the device address of the digitizing oscilloscope as set with the IBCONF EXE program should match the address set in the digitizing oscilloscope Utility menu typically use T Making hardcopies using some hardcopy formats may generate time out on your controller If a time out occurs increase the time out setting of your controller software TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 37 Hardcopy For More Information 3 38 4 Type IBWRT HARDCOPY START Be sure the digitizing oscilloscope Utility menu is set to Talk Listen and not Hardcopy Talk Only or you get an error message at this step Setting the digitizing oscilloscope Utility menu was described in the start of this Hardcopy section under the heading Setting Communication Parameters 5 Type IBHDF Filename where Filename is a valid DOS file name you want to call your hardcopy information It should be lt 8 characters long with up to a 3 character extension For example you could type ibrdf screen 6 Exitthe IBIC program by typing EXIT 7 Type COPY Filename Output port lt B gt where Filename is the name you defined in step 5 and Output port is the PC output port your hardcopy device is connected to such as LPT1 or LPT2 Copy the data from
182. o change the vertical scale and position use the vertical POSITION and vertical SCALE knobs The vertical controls only affect the selected wave form The POSITION knob simply adds screen divisions to the reference point of the selected waveform Adding divisions moves the waveform up and sub tracting them moves the waveform down You also can adjust the waveform position using the offset option in the Vertical menu discussed later in this article If you want the POSITION knob to move faster press the SHIFT button When the light next to the SHIFT button is on and the display says Coarse Knobs in the upper right corner the POSITION knob speeds up significant ly Vertical Readouts The Vertical readout at the lower part of the display shows each displayed channel the selected channel is in inverse video and its volts division setting see Figure 3 56 Vertical Menu The Vertical menu Figure 3 56 lets you select the coupling bandwidth and offset for the selected waveform It also lets you numerically change the position or scale instead of using the vertical knobs 3 98 Reference Vertical Control Run T 00MS s Sampie impedance 1M i T j t I d impedance E i d 4 t M56 ois Chi i emi coupting POOOR IMESCHET position C a SD amv Vertical Readout 260mdiv Figure 3 56 Vertical Readouts and Channe Menu Coupling To choose the type of coupling for attaching th
183. obe FET DC to 1 GHz DC offset 50 input Use with 1103 TekProbe Power Supply for offset control P6046 Active differential probe 1X 10X DC to 100 MHz 50 Q input TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 5 Appendix A Options and Accessories A 6 w A6501 Buffer Amplifier active fixtured 1 GHz 1 MQ 10X B P6501 Option 02 Microprobe with TekProbe power cable active fix tured 750 MHz 1 MQ 10X m AM 503S DC AC Current probe system AC DC Uses A6302 Current Probe m AM 5038 Option 03 DC AC Current probe system AC DC Uses A6303 Current Probe m P6021 AC Current probe 120 Hz to 60 MHz m P6022 AC Current probe 935 kHz to 120 MHz amp CT 1 Current probe designed for permanent or semi permanent in circuit installation 25 kHz to 1 GHz 50 Q input u CT 2 Current probe designed for permanent or semi permanent in circuit installation 1 2 kHz to 200 MHz 50 Q input u CT 4 Current Transformer for use with the AM 5035 A6302 and P6021 Peak pulse 1 kA 0 5 Hz to 20 MHz with AM 5035 A6302 m P6701A Opto Electronic Converter 500 to 950 nm DC to 850 MHz 1 V mW P6703A Opto Electronic Converter 1100 to 1700 nm DC to 1 GHz 1 V mW a P6711 Opto Electronic Converter 500 to 950 nm DC to 250 MHz 5 V mW P6713 Opto Electronic Converter 1100 to 1700 nm DC to 300 MHz 5 V mW VC 501 Time to voltage converter Time delay pulse width and period measurements amp P6562
184. oints When the waveform record is full acquisitions stop Use triggered roli with single sequence to capture one triggered event To turn on roli mode 1 Setthe Horizontal SCALE to 50 ms per division or slower NOTE Envelope Average acquisition modes or any of the persistence modes display modes inhibit roll mode 2 if you want an untriggered roll mode press TRIGGER MENU Mode main Auto side If you want a triggered roli mode press TRIGGER MENU Mode main Normal side See Figure 3 45 3 lf you want a single sequence roli mode press SHIFT gt ACQ MENU Stop After main gt Single Sequence side To stop acquisitions in roll mode If you are not in Single Sequence you must press RUN STOP to stop roll mode If you are in Single Sequence roll mode acquisitions stop automati cally when a complete record is acquired To turn off roli mode 1 Setthe Horizontal SCALE to 20 ms per division or faster Heference Roll NOTE Envelope Average acquisition modes or any of the persistence modes display modes also turns off roli mode 2 lf you are in a single sequence roli mode and want to leave single se quence mode press SHIFT gt ACQ MENU Stop After main gt RUN STOP side Holdoff 9 SiGe Single Seq 309 575 Roll Trigger Mode Indicators Normal PEE E Trig d Roll reddendi des ae jenen endende ebore dee sede oepepenjebendio enne bm
185. olts Div Setting Offset Accuracy 1 mV div 9 95 mV div 0 4 x Net Offset 0 9 mV 0 1 div 10 mV div 99 5 mV div 0 496 x Net Offset 41 5 mV 0 1 div 100 mV div 995 mV div 0 4 x Net Offset 15 mV 0 1 div 1 V div 10 V div x 0 496 x Net Offset 150 mV 0 1 div P a a T E EEE ERR EROR EI lett Rn ee TINY Accuracy Position 1 596 x Position x Volts div Offset Accuracy 0 04 div ISBT CN e UU EEE Pe Rd SLE CRM DEM AGENT QEON IUUD Te netomat a EREMO Analog Bandwidth DC 50 Q Coupled Volts Div Bandwidth and DC 1 MQ with Standard acces 5 mV div 10 V div DC 150 MHz sory Probe Attached TDS 410 and TDS 420 2 mV div 4 98 mV div DC 110 MHz 1 mV div 1 99 mV div DC 90 MHz CRECEN a a dep pP MR lr RITU Analog Bandwidth DC 50 Q Coupled Volts Div Bandwidth and DC 1 MO with Standard acces T sory Probe Attached 5 ERIS 10 V div DC 350 MHz TDS 460 2 mV div 4 98 mV div DC 250 MHz 1 mV div 1 99 mV div DO 100 MHz Cross Talk Channel Isolation Volts Div Isolation 500 mV div 240 1 at 50 MHz for any two channels having equal volts divi sion settings 9 95 mV div 240 1 at 50 MHz for any two channels having equal volts divi sion settings 10 mV div 500 mV div 280 1 at 100 MHz and 230 1 at full bandwidth for any two chan nels having equal volts division settings Delay Between Channels Full Band 200 ps between CH 1 and CH 2 ail models and between CH 3 width Equivalent
186. omes 50 2 If you then connect a high resistance passive probe like the P6138 you need to set the input impedance back to 1 MQ Step 4 explains how to change the input impedance You now need to limit the bandwidth and change the acquisition mode 3 Press VERTICAL MENU Bandwidth main 20 MHz side TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 67 Probe Compensation 4 fyou need to change the input impedance press Coupling main Then toggle the side menu selection Q to get the correct impedance 5 Press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU Mode main Hi Res side 6 Adjust the probe until you see a perfectly flat top square wave on the display Figure 3 37 shows where the adjustment is located Figure 3 37 P6138 Probe Adjustment For More See Probe Accessories on page 3 60 Information See Probe Selection on page 3 69 3 68 Reference Passive Voltage Probes Probe Selection The probes included with your digitizing oscilloscope are useful for a wide variety of tasks However for special measurement situations you some times need different probes This section helps you select the right probe for the job Once you have decided the type of probe you need use Table 3 5 page 3 5 to determine the specific probe compatible with your TDS 400 Digitizing Oscilloscope Or use Table 3 6 page 3 6 if you want to select the probe by application There are five major types of probes passive active current optic
187. on 0 31 g rms from 5 to 500 Hz 10 minutes each axis operating 2 46 g rms from 5 to 500 Hz 10 minutes each axis non operating To maintain emission requirements when connecting to the IEEE 488 GPIB interface of this oscilloscope use only a high quality doubie shieided braid and foil GPIB cable The cabie shield must have low impedance connections to both connector housings Acceptable cables are Tektronix part numbers 012 0991 00 01 02 and 03 To maintain emission requirements when connecting to the VGA compatible video output of this oscilloscope use only a high quality double shielded braid and foil video cable with ne cores at either end The cable shield must have low impedance connections to both connector housings An acceptable cable is NEC part number 73893013 Use an appropriate adapter when other than a 9 pin monitor connection is needed 3Does not apply to rackmounted instrument A 20 Appendices Appendix B Specification Typical This subsection contains tables that list the various typica characteristics Characteristics that describe the TDS 400 Digitizing Oscilloscopes Typical characteristics are described in terms of typical or average performance Typical characteristics are not warranted This subsection lists only typical characteristics A list of warranted charac teristics starts on page A 15 Table A 20 Typical Characteristics Signal Acquisition System Name Description A
188. on Acquisition is the process of sampling the analog input signal converting it into digital data and assembling it into a waveform record The oscilloscope creates a digital representation of the input signal by sampling the voltage level of the signal at regular time intervals Figure 2 5 oN 45 0 V 5 0 V f M f XN ev ov ov ov j NZ 7 5 0V 5 0 V input Signal Sampled Points Digital Values Figure 2 5 Acquisition Input Analog Signal Sample and Digitize The sampled points are stored in memory along with corresponding timing information You can use this digital representation of the signal for display measurements or further processing You specify how the digitizing oscilloscope acquires data points and as sembies them into the waveform record The trigger point marks time zero in a waveform record All record points before the trigger event make up the pretrigger portion of the the waveform record Every record point after the trigger event is part of the posttrigger portion Ali timing measurements in the waveform record are made relative to that trigger event Each time it takes a sample the oscilloscope digitizer produces a numeric representation of the signal The number of samples may be larger than the number of points in your waveform record In fact the oscilloscope may take several samples for each record point Figure 2 6 interval for One Waveform Record Point umi Samples
189. on Saving and Recalling Settings Recalling a Setup To recall a setup press SETUP Recall Saved Setup main Recall Setup 1 Recall Setup 2 side Recalling a setup does not change the menu that is currently displayed If you recall a setup that is labeled factory in the side menu you recall the factory setup The conventional method for recalling the factory setup is described below Recalling the Factory Setup To reset your oscilloscope to the factory defaults Press SETUP Recall Factory Setup main gt OK Confirm Factory Init side See Factory Initialization Settings on page A 39 for a list of the factory de faults Deleting All Setups and Waveforms Tek Secure Sometimes you might use the digitizing oscilloscope to acquire waveforms that are confidential Furthermore before returning the oscilloscope to general usage you might want to remove all such waveforms and any setups used to acquire them Be sure you want to remove a waveforms and setups because once they are removed you cannot retrieve them To use Tek Secure to remove all stored setups and waveforms Press SHIFT UTILITY gt System main Config pop up Tek Secure Erase Memory main OK Erase Ref amp Panel Memory side Executing Tek Secure accomplishes the following tasks m Replaces ali waveforms in reference memories with zero sample values m Replaces the current front panei setup and ali setups stored in se
190. ontrast Display intensity text Display intensity waveform Display intensity overall Display interpolation filter Display style Display trigger bar style Dispiay trigger T Display variable persistence Edge trigger coupling Edge trigger level Edge trigger slope Edge trigger source 10 ns Changed by Factory Init to 60 ns Delay by Time Delayed Runs After Main No Change YT Full 12596 60 80 85 Sin x x Vectors short On 500 ms DC 0 0 V Rising Channel 1 Horizontal delay trigger position 50 Horizontal delay trigger record 500 points 10 divs length Horizontal delay time division 50 us Horizontal main trigger position 50 Horizontal main trigger record length A 40 500 points 10 divs Appendices Appendix E Faciory Initialization Settings Table A 24 Factory Initialization Defaults Cont Controi Changed by Factory Init to Horizontal main time division 500 us Horizontal time base Main only Limit Testing Off Limit Testing hardcopy if condi Off tion met Limit Testing ring bell if condi Off tion met Main trigger holdoff 096 Main trigger mode Auto Main trigger type Edge Math1 definition Ch 1 4 Ch 2 Math2 definition Ch 1 Ch 2 FFT of Ch 1 for Op tion 2F instruments Math3 definition Inv of Ch 1 Measure Delay to Channel 1 Ch1 Measure Delay edges Both rising and forwa
191. oscope uses the interpola tion method selected in the display menu to fill in the missing record points That is it uses either the linear or sin x x interpolation algorithm see Acquisition on page 2 17 for details about sampling Stop After You can choose to acquire exactly one waveform sequence or to acquire waveforms continuously under manual control Press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU Stop After main gt RUN STOP button only Single Acquisition Sequence or Limit Test Condition Met side see Figure 3 3 Reference Acquisition Modes Run 1906kS s Sample imr n M RUNZSTOP l button only 1 single E j Acquisition Se nr Limit Test Condition Met us M TUM s00us chif 96mV h epet ive stop After Sample ON IRES button Figure 3 3 Acquire Menu Stop After m RUN STOP button only side lets you start or stop acquisitions by toggling the RUN STOP button Pressing the RUN STOP button once stops the acquisitions The upper left hand corner in the display indi cates Stopped and shows the number of acquisitions If you press the button again the digitizing oscilloscope resumes taking acquisitions m Press Single Acquisition Sequence side That selection lets you run a single sequence of acquisitions by pressing the RUN STOP button in Sample Peak Detect or Hi Res mode the instrument acquires a wave form record with the first
192. ou how to reset the digitizing oscilloscope display and adiust waveforms and use the autoset function Example 2 explains how to add control and delete multiple waveforms m Example 3 introduces you to the automated measurement system B Example 4 discusses saving and recalling the digitizing oscilloscope setups Before you perform these examples read Conventions on page x If you perform the examples use the Operating Basics and Reference sections to learn about the digitizing oscilloscope arrangement and specific functions TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 1 Product Description LE oo o c C SER BERG T Your Tektronix digitizing oscilloscope is a superb too for acquiring display ing and measuring waveforms Its performance addresses the needs of both benchtop lab and portable applications with a 350 MHz maximum analog bandwidth on TDS 460 150 MHz maximum analog bandwidth on TDS 410 and TDS 420 100 Megasamples second maximum digitizing rate E Roll mode and triggered roll mode for display of slower waveforms amp Waveform Math Invert a single waveform and add subtract and multi ply two waveforms On instruments equipped with option 2F integrate or differentiate a single waveform or perform an FFT fast fourier transform on a waveform to display its magnitude or phase versus its frequency i amp Upto 15 000 point record length per channel 60 000 point optional B Full GPIB so
193. over the entire waveform or gated region HEN Low The value used as 0 whenever High Ref Mid Ref and Low Ref values are ii needed as in fali time and rise time measurements May be calculated using either the min max or the histogram method With the min max method it is the minimum value found With the histogram method it refers to the most common value found below the mid point Measured over the entire waveform or gated region I Maximum Voltage measurement The maximum amplitude Typically the most positive peak voltage Measured over the entire waveform or gated region af Mean Voltage measurement The arithmetic mean over the entire waveform or gated region I Minimum Voltage measurement The minimum amplitude Typically the most negative RN peak voltage Measured over the entire waveform or gated region t t Negative Duty Timing measurement of the first cycle in the waveform or gated region The Cycle ratio of the negative pulse width to the signai period expressed as a percent age NegativeWiath Parod ee NegativeDutyCycle E Negative Over Voltage measurement Measured over the entire waveform or gated region a ee shoot Low Min o NegativeOvershoot Amplitude x 10096 Negative Width Timing measurement of the first pulse in the waveform or gated region The Dez distance time between MidRef default 50 amplitude points of a negative pulse T Peak to Peak Voltage measurement The absolute
194. parts list for your product matched by type voltage rating and current rating Do Not Remove Covers or Panels To avoid personal injury do not operate the digitizing oscilloscope without the panels or covers Electric Overload Never apply a voltage to a connector on the digitizing oscilloscope that is outside the voltage range specified for that connector Do Not Operate in Explosive Atmospheres The digitizing oscilloscope provides no explosion protection from static discharges or arcing components Do not operate the digitizing oscilloscope in an atmosphere of explosive gases Safety Preface This is the User Manual for the TDS 410 TDS 420 and TDS 460 Digitizing Oscilloscopes If you are a new user try the Getting Started section to become familiar with the operation of your digitizing oscilloscope The Concepts section covers basic principles of the operation of the oscilio scope These articles help you understand why your instrument works the way it does Use the n Detail section to learn how to perform specific tasks See page 3 1 for a complete list of tasks covered in that section The Appendices provide an option and accessories listing product specifi cation and other useful information Related Manuals The following documents are related to the use or service of the digitizing oscilloscope m The TDS Family Programmer Manual describes using a computer to control the digitizing oscilloscope through t
195. passes all of the input signat In other words it passes both AC and DC components to the trigger circuit AC m AC coupling passes only the alternating components of an input signal AC components above 10 Hz are passed if the source channel is in 1 MQ coupling components above 200 kHz are passed in 50 Q cou pling It removes the DC components from the trigger signal ATAT w High frequency rejection removes the high frequency portion of the triggering signal That allows only the low frequency components to pass on to the triggering system to start an acquisition High frequency rejection attenuates signals above 30 kHz Pla m Low frequency rejection does the opposite of high frequency rejection Low frequency rejection attenuates signals below 80 kHz Noise Rejection lowers trigger sensitivity It requires additionai signal amplitude for stable triggering reducing the chance of falsely triggering on noise Trigger Position The adjustable trigger position defines where on the waveform record the trigger occurs It lets you properly align and measure data within records The part of the record that occurs before the trigger is the pretrigger portion The part that occurs after the trigger is the posttrigger portion TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 15 Triggering Slope and Level E I o Trigger Level Can be Adjusted Vertically For More Information 2 16 To help you visualize the trigger position setti
196. pe and rating Figure 1 1 You can use either of two fuses Each fuse requires its own cap see Table 1 1 The digitizing oscilloscope is shipped with the UL approved fuse installed Check that you have the proper electrical connections The digitizing oscilloscope requires 90 to 132 V for 48 through 62 Hz 100 to 132 V or 180 to 250 V for 48 through 440 Hz and may require up to 240 W Connect the proper power cord from the rear pane power connector Figure 1 1 to the power system TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 3 Start Up WARNING AY AVOID BU GOK FHE FHE PR C MO PERTEZCTIVE GROUND Power Connector Fuse Principal Power Switch Figure 1 1 Rear Panel Controls Used in Start Up Table 1 1 Fuse and Fuse Cap Part Numbers Fuse Fuse Part Fuse Cap Part Number Number 25 inch x 1 25 inch UL 198 6 3AG 159 0906 00 200 2264 00 5 A FAST 250 V 5 mm x 20 mm IEC 127 4 A T 159 0255 00 200 2265 00 250 V Power On 1 Checkthat the rear panel principal power switch is on Figure 1 1 The principal power switch controls all AC power to the instrument 2 Ifthe oscilloscope is not powered on the screen is blank push the front panei ON STBY button to toggle it on Figure 1 2 The ON STBY button controls power to most of the instrument circuits Power continues to go to certain parts even when this switch is set to STBY Once the digitizing oscilloscope is installed you can leave the
197. pically 90 to a LowHef value typically 1096 of its amplitude Frequency A timing measurement that is the reciprocal of the period Measured in Hertz Hz where 1 Hz 1 cycle per second Gated Measurements A feature that lets you limit automated measurements to a specified portion of the waveform You define the area of interest using the vertical cursors Glossary re GND asa General purpose knob The large front panel knob You can use it to change the value of the assigned parameter GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus An interconnection bus and protoco that allows you to connect multiple instruments in a network under the control of a controller Also known as IEEE 488 bus It transfers data with eight parallel data lines five contro lines and three handshake lines Graticule A grid on the display screen that creates the horizontal and vertical axes You use it to visually measure waveform parameters Ground GND coupling Coupling option that disconnects the input signal from the vertical system Hardcopy An electronic copy of the display in a format useable by a printer or plotter Hi Res acquisition mode An acquisition mode in which the digitizing oscilloscope averages all samples taken during an acquisition interval to create a record point That average results in a higher resolution lower bandwidth wave form That mode only works with reai time non interpolated sam pling High The va
198. played Setup Menu TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 7 Example 1 Displaying a Waveform 2 Pressthe button directly below the Recall Factory Setup menu item The display shows side menus along the right side of the screen The buttons to select these side menu items are to the right of the side menu Because an accidental instrument reset could destroy a setup that took a long time to create the digitizing oscilloscope asks you to verify the Recall Factory Setup selection see Figure 1 5 3 Press the button to the right of the OK Confirm Factory Init side menu item see Figure 1 6 OK Confirm Factory Init Confirm Menu item and Buiton anu iL WL Factory Init Figure 1 6 The Recali Factory Side Menu NOTE This manual uses the following notation to represent the sequence of selections you made in steps 1 2 and 3 Press save recall SETUP gt Recall Factory Setup main gt OK Confirm Factory Init side e Note that a clock icon appears on screen The oscilloscope displays this icon when performing operations that take longer than several seconds 4 Press SET LEVEL TO 50 see Figure 1 7 to be sure the oscilloscope triggers on the input signal ETT ArH HA A a RU EU UENIUNT AMPIA Are JA ANA HV irae EUTROPIO ene rer 1 8 Getting Started SET LEVEL TO 50 Button Display Elements Example 1 Displaying a Waveform am TRIGGER NI MAIN LEVEL DELAYED TRIG TRIGGER
199. principa power switch on and use the ON STBY button as the power switch 1 4 Getting Started Start Up Run FOGKS s Sampie D i ac INA EE E T j Tektronix Committed to Excellence TDS 460 Digitizing Oscilioscope FV v2 0 15 c Copyright Tektronix inc 1991 1997 AH rights reserved Power On self check PASSED Push CLEAR MENU to proceed ON STBY Button M 560us Chi GV 38 Dec 1992 07 35 14 Figure 1 2 ON STBY Button Self Test The diaitizing oscilloscope automatically performs power on tests each time it is turned on It comes up with a display screen that states whether or not it passed self test If the self test does not detect any problems the status display screen disappears a few second after the self test is complete Check the self test results If the self test fails call your local Tektronix Service Center Depending on the type of failure you may still be able to use the oscilloscope before it is serviced Power Off Press the ON STBY switch to turn off the oscilloscope Before You Begin Signal Path Compensation SPC lets you compensate your oscilloscope for the current ambient temperature helping to ensure maximum possible accuracy for your most critical measurements See Signal Path Compensa tion on page 3 91 for a description of and operating information on this key feature TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 5 Setting Up for the Example
200. probe tip to chassis adapter has the same low inductance properties as the probe tip to circuit board adapter described previously To use your probe with these adapters unscrew and remove the ribbed ferrule Compact to Miniature Probe Tip Adapter The compact to miniature probe tip adapter allows you to use accessories that are designed to accept a larger probe tip These accessories include the IC protector tip single and dual lead adapters and others To install the adapter unscrew and remove the ribbed ferrule and screw the adapter on in its place The IC protector tip discussed below is installed on the adapter tip when shipped Remove the protector tip by pulling it off before using the adapter with other accessories IC Protector Tip The IC protector tip simplifies probing inline IC packages The shape of the IC protector guides the probe tip to the IC pin and prevents accidental shorting of pins by the probe tip It is used with the compact to miniature probe tip adapter When using that tip the spacing pitch between leads should be greater than or equal to 0 100 inches 100 mils Because the IC protector tip prevents you from using the low inductance tips you must use one of the longer ground leads For that reason you should take into account ground lead inductance effects on measurements at frequencies greater than about 30 MHz TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 65 Probe Accessories Dua
201. r Limit Test Condition Met corre sponds to the Limit Test Condition Met menu item in the Stop After main menu You can turn this button on in the Limit Test Setup menu but you cannot turn it off In order to turn it off press Stop After and specify one of the other choices in the Stop After side menu Now that you have set the instrument up for limit testing you must turn limit testing on in order for any of these actions to take effect 3 Ensure that Limit Test side reads ON If it reads OFF press Limit Test side once to toggle it to ON When you set Limit Test to ON the digitizing oscilloscope compares incoming waveforms against the waveform template stored in reference memory according to the settings in the Limit Test Sources side menu You can compare a single waveform against a single template more than one waveform against a single template or more than one waveform with each one compared against its own template How Limit Test operates depends on which type of these comparisons you choose Single Waveform Comparisons When making a single waveform versus a single template comparison consider the following operating characteristics a he waveform is repositioned horizontally to move the first sample in the waveform record that is outside of template limits to center screen The position of the waveform template tracks that of the waveform Multiple Waveform Comparisons When comparing one or more waveforms ea
202. rd When and if delay criteria are met it takes enough posttrigger samples to complete the delayed waveform record and then displays it Refer to Figure 3 10 for a more detailed look at how delayed records are placed in time relative to the main trigger 3 16 mi Reference Operation Delayed Triggering You use the Horizontal menu to select and define either delayed runs after main or delayed triggerable Delayed triggerable however requires further selections in the Delayed Trigger menu Delayed Runs After Main 1 Press HORIZONTAL MENU Time Base main Delayed Only side Delayed Runs After Main side Use the general purpose knob to set the delay time If you press Intensified side you dispiay an intensified zone on the main timebase record that shows where the delayed timebase record occurs relative to the main trigger For Delayed Runs After Main mode the start of the intensified zone corresponds to the start of the delayed timebase record The end of the zone corresponds to the end of the delayed record To learn how to define the intensity level of the normal and intensified waveform see Display Modes on page 3 22 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 17 Delayed Triggering Pretrigger Record Posttrigger Record Delayed Runs After Main Main Trigger Point Rae Delayed Trigger Waveform Record meem Main 4 Trigger Source i EUN ka Time Delay 3 i From Horiz Menu Start Posttrigger A
203. rd searching Measure High Low Setup Histogram Measure High Ref 90 and O V units Measure Low Ref 10 and 0 V units Measure Mid Ref 50 and 0 V units Measure Mid2 Ref 50 and 0 V units Saved setups No change saved waveforms No change Vertical bandwidth all channels Fuli Vertical coupling all channels DC Vertical impedance termination 1MO ali channels Vertical offset all channels OV Vertical position all channels 0 divs Vertical volts div all channels 100 mV div Zoom horizontal ail channels 1 0X TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 41 Appendix E Factory initialization Settings Table A 24 Factory Initialization Defaults Cont Control Changed by Factory Init to Zoom horizontal lock Ail Zoom horizontal position 50 0 5 the middie of the display ali channels Zoom state Off Zoom vertical ali channels 1 0X Zoom vertical position all chan 0 divs nels no MM TEETH AAA a A t SS HHRMA HE A 42 Appendices Appendix F Remote Display You can connect a remote display to the VGA connector on the rear panel Table A 4 on page A 5 gives the part number of a properly snielded cable that is commercially available NOTE Both the red and blue signal lines are grounded This conf guration results in a green display on a color monitor TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 43 Appendix F Remote Display A 4
204. repeatediy until the Frequency item appears then press Frequency side Observe that the frequency measurement appears within the right side of the graticule area The measurement readout includes the notation Ch1 meaning that the measurement is taken on the channel 1 wave form To take a measurement on another channel select that channel and then select the measurement tu 7 Press Positive Width side more side gt Rise Time side Pd Positive Duty Cycle side EL il All four measurements are displayed Right now they cover a part of the graticule area including the displayed waveforms 8 To move the measurement readouts outside the graticule area press CLEAR MENU see Figure 1 18 Sampie Run 100KS s f 4 Chl Freq 999 00 H2 Chi Width J Sols deben Ch1 Rise i 84s 1 LOW i resotution Chi Duty u 50 8 18 Dec 1992 68 08 10 Figure 1 18 Four Simultaneous Measurement Readouts TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 19 Example 3 Automated Measurements Hemoving Measurement Headouts Changing the Measurement Heference Levels 4 nasal General Purpose Knob Setting and Readout General Purpose Knob Icon Highlighted Menu Item with Boxed Readout Value 1 20 The Measure menu lets you remove measurements you no longer want displayed You can remove any one measurement or you can remove them all with a single menu item Press MEASURE
205. rigger menu 3 102 O OFF Real Time Only Acquire menu 3 6 Off Bus Utility menu 3 78 Offset Vertical 2 23 3 100 Offset Vertical menu 3 100 OK Create Math Wfm More menu 3 108 OK Create Measurement Measure Delay menu 3 58 OK Erase Ref amp Panel Memory Utility menu 3 85 OK Store Template Acquire menu 3 45 ON Enable ET Acquire menu 3 6 ON STBY button 1 4 2 2 Optical probes 3 73 Option 2A A 7 Option 2B A 2 Options A 1 A 8 Oscilloscope G 6 Overall Display menu 3 23 Overshooi G 7 P Packaging A 37 Paired cursor 2 27 3 11 PAL Video Standard 2 73 I 5 index PAL Video Trigger menu 3 702 Passive voltage probes 3 69 3 70 PCX 3 31 PCX Hardcopy menu 3 32 Peak detect acquisition mode 3 2 Peak Detect Acquire menu 3 6 Peak to peak 3 50 G 6 Performance Characteristics Nominal See Nominal Traits Typical See Warranted Characteris tics Warranted See Warranted Charac teristics Period 3 57 G 6 Persistence 3 23 Phase 3 50 G 6 Pixel G 6 Plotter HC 100 A 3 Pop up menu 2 7 G 6 Port Hardcopy menu 3 32 Port Utility menu 3 78 Portrait Hardcopy menu 3 32 Pos Sync Video Trigger menu 3 703 Position Vertical 2 23 3 98 Position Vertical menu 3 700 Positive duty cycle 3 51 Positive overshoot 3 57 Positive width 3 57 Postscript 3 37 Posttrigger G 7 Pouch A 1 Power connector 1 3 Power cords A 1 A 2 Power off 1 5
206. rimary communication address To set up remote communications ensure that your oscilloscope is physical ly cabled to the controller and that the oscilloscope parameters are correctly set Plug an IEEE Std 488 2 1987 GPIB cable into the GPIB connector on the oscilloscope rear panel and into the GPIB port on your controller see Fig ure 3 42 SETS SBN STERIC Controller Figure 3 42 Connecting the Digitizing Oscilloscope to a Controller To set remote communications parameters Press SHIFT UTILITY gt System main gt VO pop up Port Selection Now you need to configure the port to match the controller see Fig ure 3 43 Press SHIFT UTILITY gt System main gt I O pop up Port main GPIB pop up gt Configure main Talk Listen Address Hardcopy Talk Only or Off Bus side Choose Talk Listen Address for normal controller based system opera tion Use the general purpose knob to define the address w Use Hardcopy Talk Only to use the hardcopy port of your digitizing oscilloscope Once the port is configured this way the oscilloscope will send the hardcopy data to any listeners on the bus when the HARDCO PY button is pressed If the port is configured any other way and the HARDCOPY button is pressed an error occurs and the digitizing oscilloscope displays a message saying the selected hardcopy port is currently unavailable m Use Off Bus to disconnect the digitizing oscilloscope from t
207. robe Used in the AM 5035 Opt 03 3 72 Reference Probe Selection Optical Probes Optical probes let you blend the functions of an optical power meter with the high speed analog waveform analysis capability of an oscilloscope You have the capability of acquiring displaying and analyzing optical and elec trical signals simultaneously Applications include measuring the transient optical properties of lasers LEDs electro optic modulators and flashlamps You can also use these probes in the development manufacturing and maintenance of fiber optic contro networks local area networks LANs fiber based systems based on the FDDI and SONET standard optical disk devices and high speed fiber optic communications systems NOTE When you connect an optical probe to the oscilloscope the input impedance of the oscilloscope automatically becomes 50 Q If you then connect a high input resistance passive probe you need to set the input impedance back to 1 MQ Vertical Control on page 3 98 explains how to change the input impedance Time to Voltage The instantaneous time interval to voltage converter TVC continuously Converter converts consecutive timing measurements to a time interval versus time waveform Timing variations typically appear as left to right motion or jitter on an oscilloscope Time base or trigger holdoff adjustments may improve display stability but they do not show timing dynamics The TVC untangles the often co
208. rt the K212 Option 1P HC100 4 Pen Plotter With this option Tektronix ships a four color plotter designed to make wave form plots directly from the digitizing oscilloscope without requiring an external controller it handies A4 and US letter size media Option 1R Rackmounted Digitizing Oscilloscope Tektronix ships the digitizing oscilloscope when ordered with Option 1R configured for installation in a 19 inch wide instrument rack Customers with instruments not configured for rackmounting can order a rackmount kit 016 1166 00 for field conversions Instructions for rackmounting the digitizing oscilloscope are shipped with the option 1H Option 22 Additional Probes With this option Tektronix ships two additional probes identical to the two standard accessory P6138 probes normaliy shipped with the instrument This provides one probe for each front panel input Option 23 Active Probes With this option Tektronix ships two active high speed voltage probes the P6205 10X FET Option 25 P6562 AS Probes With this option Tektronix ships four P6562A SMD probes Option 29 TD100 Data Manager With this option Tektronix ships a TD100 Data Manager which provides a 40 MByte hard drive 3 5 inch floppy drive and TDS Data Manager software Option 9C Certificate of Calibration and Test Data Report Tektronix ships a Certificate of Calibration which states this instrument meets or exceeds all warranted specifications and
209. s All the examples use the same setup Once you perform this setup you do not have to change the signal connections for any of the other examples Remove all probes and signal inputs from the input BNC connectors along the lower right of the front panel Then using one of the probes supplied with the digitizing oscilloscope connect from the CH 1 connector to the PROBE ADJ connector Figure 1 3 Figure 1 3 Connecting a Probe for the Examples 1 6 Getting Started Example 1 Displaying a Waveform In this first example you learn about resetting the digitizing oscilloscope displaying and adjusting a waveform and using the autoset function Resetting the All examples begin by resetting the digitizing oscilloscope to a known facto Digitizing ry default state Reset the oscilloscope when you begin a new task and need to start fresh with known default settings Oscilloscope 1 Press the save recail SETUP button to display the Setup menu Fig ure 1 4 SAVE RECALL APPLICATION MENU ACQUIRE MENU oS WAVEFORM SN MEASURE Ee Ss qo E SETUP Button UTILITY RUPEM CURSOR DISPLAY s Figure 1 4 SETUP Button Location The digitizing oscilloscope displays main menus along the bottom ofthe screen Figure 1 5 shows the Setup main menu Recall Factory Setup Menu Item and Button TERMI NUM EM ATETA PATA RAN PUPA I e MP Mae i Confirm Factory init Figure 1 5 The Dis
210. s 3 59 chy Figure 3 28 Measure Menu Gating 00 0 ee eee 3 54 Figure 3 29 Measure Menu Reference Levels 4 3 56 Figure 3 30 Measure Delay Menu Delay To 2 cece eee 3 57 Figure 3 31 Snapshot Menu and Readout 3 58 Figure 3 32 A Probe Adds Resistance Capacitance and gelene osea eee traen sch eee eee dp qut ek abd 3 60 Figure 3 33 Signal Variation Introduced by Probe Ground Lead TAS ONSON zu ites xd eR Rt ECC s 3 61 Figure 3 34 Pr be ACCeSSOFIBS uad ex RS eu 3 62 Figure 3 35 Dual Lead Adapter ie soar R see ees 3 66 Figure 3 36 How Probe Compensation Affects Signals 3 67 Figure 3 37 P6138 Probe Adjustment seeeeeeee 3 68 Figure 3 38 The P6009 and P6015A High Voltage Probes 3 70 Figure 3 39 A6303 Current Probe Used in the AM 503S Opt O3 3 72 Figure 3 40 Typical GPIB Network Configuration s 3 77 Figure 3 41 Stacking GPIB Connectors 0c cece eee 3 77 Figure 3 42 Connecting the Digitizing Oscilloscope to a Controller 3 78 Figure 3 43 Ulli MENU euere 3 79 Figure 3 44 Roll Mode 500 Point Record Length 3 81 Figure 3 45 Trigger Mode Menu eee 3 83 Figure 3 46 Save Recall Setup Menu s esses 3 84 Figure 3 47 Save Waveform Menu 0 0 0 0 cee ce eee eee Figure 3 48 More Menu 2 ccc cence nn 3 88 3 87 o Contents Figure 3 49 The Cha
211. screte point in time and hoiding it constant so that it can be quan tized Two general methods of sampling are real time sampling and equivalent time sampling Selected waveform The waveform on which all measurements are performed and which is affected by vertical position and scale adjustments The light next to one of the channel selector buttons indicates the current selected waveform Side menu Menu that appears to the right of the display These selections expand on main menu selections Side menu buttons Bezel buttons to the right of the side menu display They allow you to select items in the side menu Signal Path Compensation SPC The ability of the oscilloscope to minimize the electrical offsets in the vertical horizontal and trigger amplifiers caused by ambient tem perature changes and component aging You should run SPC at the following times when the ambient temperature varies more than 5 C from the last SPC when using settings equal to or less than 5 mV per division and when performing critical measurements Slope The direction at a point on a waveform You can calculate the direc tion by computing the sign of the ratio of change in the vertical quantity Y to the change in the horizontal quantity The two values are rising and falling Tek Secure This feature erases all waveform and setup memory locations setup memories are replaced with the factory setup Then it checks each location to verify erasure
212. segments necessary for the measurement you want For example a rise time measurement requires at least one rising edge and a frequency measurement needs at least one complete cycle 1 If you are not continuing from the previous example follow the instruc tions on page 1 6 under the heading Setting Up for the Examples Press SETUP Recall Factory Setup main OK Confirm Factory Init side Press AUTOSET Press MEASURE to display the Measure main menu see Figure 1 17 Rum 100kS s Sample I Positive Duty Cycle sur Negative Duty Cycle Uem mmm nem M 50048 Chi f 276mV more i 20f7 Ren move icm Measrmnt Reference Gating THign tow OFF setu tevels Figure 1 17 Measure Main Menu and Select Measurement Side Menu Getting Started Example 3 Automated Measurements 5 fitis not already selected press Select Measrmnt main The readout for that menu item indicates which channel the measurement wil be taken from Ail automated measurements are made on the selected channel The Select Measurement side menu lists some of the measurements that can be taken on waveforms There are many different measure ments available up to four can be taken and displayed at any one time Pressing the button next to the more menu item brings up the other measurement selections Press Frequency side If the Frequency menu item is not visible press more side
213. side menu press the same side menu button to toggle to one of the reference memories in which you stored a template or use the general purpose knob Valid selections are any of the four reference waveforms Ref1 through Ref4 or None Choosing None turns limit testing off for the specified channel NOTE Specify the same reference memory you chose as the template destination if you wish to use the template you just created If you have created more than one template you can compare one channel to one tempiate and the other channel to another template Limit Test Setup Now specify the action to take if waveform data exceeds the limits set by the limit test template le Press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU Limit Test Setup main to bring up a side menu of possible actions Ensure that the side button corresponding to the desired action reads ON m ff you want to send a hardcopy command when waveform data exceeds the limits set toggle Hardcopy if Condition Met side to ON Do not forget to set up the hardcopy system See Hardcopy on page 3 31 for details m Ifyou want the bell to ring when waveform data exceeds the limits set toggle Ring Bell if Condition Met side to ON mw Ifyou want the digitizing oscilloscope to stop when waveform data exceeds the limits set toggle Stop After Limit Test Condition Met side to ON Reference Single and Multiple Waveforms Limit Testing NOTE The button labeled Stop Afte
214. sing to 1 division at Coupled 350 MHz TDS 410 and TDS 420 or 500 MHz TDS 460 for any channel as trigger source Sensitivity Video Type TV Field and 0 6 division of video sync signal TV Line Pulse Width minimum Evenis Deiay 5 ns Auxiliary Trigger Input Connector BNC at rear panel input Load equivalent to three TTL gate loads Input Voltage maximum 5 VDC to 10 VDC Auxiliary Trigger Maximum Input Fre 10 MHz quency Duty Cycle High and low levels must be stable for 2 50 ns Net Offset Offset Position x Volts Div Net Offset is the voltage level at the center of the A D converter dynamic range Offset Accuracy is the accuracy of this voltage level 2The minimum sensitivity for obtaining a stable trigger A stable trigger results in a uniform regular display triggered on the selected slope The trigger point must not switch between opposite slopes on the waveform and the display must not roll across the screen on successive acquisitions The TRIG D LED stays constantly lighted when the SEC DIV setting is 2 ms or faster but may flash when the SEC DIV setting is 10 ms or slower A 18 Appendices Appendix B Specification Table A 17 Warranted Characteristics Probe Compensator Output Name Description Output Voltage and Frequency Characteristic Limits Probe Compensator Voltage 0 5 V base top 5 into a 1 MQ load Frequency 1 kHz 5 Table A 18 Warranted Characteristics Power Require
215. so makes it easier for you to place oscilloscope screen copies into a desktop publishing system However since the digitizing oscilloscope has only a GPIB interface port and many hardcopy devices have only RS 232 or Centronics ports you need a connection strategy for sending the hardcopy data from the digitizing oscil loscope to the printer or plotter Three such strategies exist NOTE If your instrument is equipped with Option 13 your oscilloscope has an RS 232 port and a Centronics port in addition to the GPIB port See the TDS Family Option 13 Instruction Manual for setting up to hardcopy directly through the RS 232 and Centronics ports Use a printer plotter with a GPIB connector m Use a GPIB to Centronics or GPIB to HS 232 converter box m Send the data to a computer with both GPIB and RS 232 or Centronics ports Using a GPIB Based Hardcopy Device You can connect the digitizing oscilloscope directly to a GPIB based hardco py device see Figure 3 19 An example of a GPIB hardcopy device is the Tektronix HC100 Plotter TDS 416 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 35 Hardcopy 3 36 E cocococoocco Digitizing N Hardcopy Device Oscilloscope 03 e g Tek HC100 GPIB Cable Figure 3 19 Connecting the Digitizing Oscilloscope Directly to the Hardcopy Device Using a GPIB to Centronics or GPIB to RS 232 Converter You can put a GPIB to Centronics or GPIB to RS 232 interface converter box b
216. specific pair of edges out of a stream TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 57 Measurement System Creating the Delay Measurement Once you have specified the wave forms you are measuring between and which edges to use you need to notify the digitizing oscilloscope to proceed with the measurement Press Delay To main OK Create Measurement side To exit the Measure Delay menu without creating a delay measurement press CLEAR MENU which returns you to the Measure menu Snapshot of Sometimes you may want to see all of the automated measurements on screen at the same time To do so use Snapshot Snapshot executes all of Measurements the single waveform measurements available on the selected waveform once and displays the results The measurements are not continuously updated Ail of the measurements listed in Table 3 4 on page 3 49 except for Delay and Phase are displayed Delay and Phase are dual waveform measurements and are not available with Snapshot The readout area for a snapshot of measurements is a pop up display that covers about 8096 of the graticule area when displayed see Figure 3 31 You can display a snapshot on any channel or ref memory but only one snapshot can be dispiayed at a time Run 100KkS s Sample 3 Snapshot on S11 Period 1 850ms Freq 340 56 H2 Width 516s width 1 340ms Snapshot Display Brstwd 4 206ms Rise Sus Fali 8MS Duty 27 6 Duty 72 4
217. ssed in volt seconds Area above ground is positive area below ground is negative Attenuation The degree the amplitude of a signal is reduced when it passes through an attenuating device such as a probe or attenuator That is the ratio of the input measure to the output measure For example a 10X probe will attenuate or reduce the input voltage of a signal by a factor of 10 Automatic trigger mode A trigger mode that causes the oscilloscope to automatically acquire if triggerable events are not detected within a specified time period TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual G 1 Glossary a JUUL IE IE Autoset A tunction of the oscilloscope that automatically produces a stable waveform of usable size Autoset sets up front panel controls based on the characteristics of the active waveform A successful autoset sets the volts div time div and trigger level to produce a coherent and stable waveform display Average acquisition mode in this mode the oscilloscope acquires and displays a waveform that is the averaged result of several acquisitions That reduces the apparent noise The oscilloscope acquires data as in sample mode and then averages it according to a specified number of averages Bandwidth The highest frequency signal the oscilloscope can acquire with no more than 3 dB x 0 707 attenuation of the original reference signal Burst width A timing measurement of the duration of a burst Cha
218. stablish a two waveform display with a measurement on one waveform The setup created is complex enough that you might prefer not to go through aii these steps each time you want that display 1 If you are not continuing from the previous example follow the instruc tions on page 1 6 under the heading Setting Up for the Examples 2 Press SETUP Recall Factory Setup main OK Confirm Factory Init side 3 Press AUTOSET 4 Press MEASURE Select Measrmnt main Frequency side Press the more side menu item if the Frequency selection does not appear in the side menu 5 Press CH 2 CLEAR MENU 6 Press SETUP Save Current Setup main to display the Setup main menu see Figure 1 21 Note that the setup locations shown in the side menu are labeled eO either user or factory If you save your current setup in a location labeled user you overwrite the user setup previously stored there If you work in a laboratory environment where several people share the digitizing oscilioscope check with the other users before you overwrite their setup Setup locations labeled factory have the factory setup stored as a default and can be used to store current setups without disturbing previously stored setups TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 1 23 Example 4 Saving Setups Run 190kS s Sampie J Save Current Setup To Setup factory TI here To Setup3 factory en 4
219. ta you may prefer to use the cycle area rather than the arithmetic area if Start End then return the interpolated value at Start Otherwise End Area Waveform t dt 5 lari TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 27 Appendix C Algorithms JUUL AR A 28 For details of the integration algorithm see page A 34 Cycle Area Amplitude voltage measurement The area over one waveform cycle For non cyclical data you might prefer to use the Area measurement If StartCycle EndCycle then return the interpolated value at StartCycle EndCycle CycleMean Waveform t dt Start Cycle For details of the integration algorithm see page A 34 Burst Width Timing measurement The duration of a burst 1 Find MCross on the waveform This is MCrossStart 2 Findthe last MCross begin the search at EndCycle and search toward StartCycle This is MCrossStop This could be a different value from MCrossl 3 Compute BurstWidth MCrossStop MCrossStart Cycle Mean Amplitude voltage measurement The mean over one waveform cycle For non cyclical data you might prefer to use the Mean measurement If StartCycle EndCycle then return the interpolated value at StartCycle EndCycle Waveform t dt StartCycle Cycle Mea EndCycle Staricyele x Sampleinterval For details of the integration algorithm see page A 34 Cycle RMS The true Root Mean Square voltage over one cycle If StartCycle E
220. tem Table A 23 Typical Characteristics Data Handling Table A 25 VGA Output Connector Pins 8s NW 4 4 0 e 9 2 X3 9 amp 9 amp gt kk HW 2 4 d X 9 00 Table 3 2 Autoset Defaults yO 7 VA leu PR S RE RA RIEN 0 4 RB o3 4 OV RoB o Rok Bo amp ok obo amp oRO OR o rok Bo Ro amp BoOR oh a xoa a 3 4 n Co anua X X 4 9 amp O8 o O8 X C C O S X 4 C B t x b e e b h M M amp 9 2 M E Y bo hh hh t o x amp amp oc a MW y E E amp C 3 E 9 A b 3 b M A 94 b b K A 330 9834 NW 9 W W b 9 9 WW MW 9 amp b bh 9 AX 4 b lt Ab ho ho h hM b hh ho bo bh A P 4t M C c 4 4 d A 5 AB oW Ww qvo o4 n qd 6 y OR SOP ER amp d h Bow 5 oH hh 9 Y 2 x3 amp B 3 b 9 EX 4 amp amp 4 amp Ww p M gt C P 34 E X 4 DO NW 3 4 3 9 4 0 4 4 wW h b Bo 4 bM o bh 9 hh A b b h o k ee Fe bo Fe X OR MV gt V S MB 3 ko Wo we 6 5 h o bo Ro ho 9 b k d d M ow gt 9 hM s amp t 8 8 8 4 8 bh 9 4 39 eee s s 3 Y TZ 9 O HM 2 ua y y d b gt k Kr BN OQ 4 3 X X B8 4 xk b M s a anna Wo C AR 40983 AH 9 ROV OR oO
221. ter the value in 96 using the general purpose knob If you want to enter a large number using the general purpose knob press the SHIFT button before turning the knob When the light next to the SHIFT button is on and the display says Coarse Knobs in the upper right corner the general purpose knob speeds up significantly Holdoff is settable from 0 minimum holdoff available to 10096 maximum avallable See Holdoff Variable Main Trigger on page A 22 of Appendix B for the typical minimum and maximum values Holdoff is automatically reset to 096 when you change the main time base time division setting However it is not reset if you change the delayed time base time division that is when the time base setting in the Horizontal menu is Intensified or Delayed Only For More See Triggering on page 2 11 Information See Triggering on page 3 94 3 30 Heference Hardcopy Formats Operation Hardcopy You can get a copy of the digitizing oscilloscope display by using the hard copy feature Depending on the output format you select you create either an image or a plot images are direct bit map representations of the digitiz ing oscilloscope display Plots are vector plotted representations of the display Different hardcopy devices use different formats The digitizing oscilloscope supports the following formats amp HP Thinkjet m HP Deskjet w HP Laserjet x Seiko DPU 411 412 a HPGL Color Plot Epson w I
222. the levels precisely to RS 232 C specification voltage values by defining the high and low references in units TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 55 Measurement System 2 Press High Ref Mid Ref Low Ref or Mid2 Ref side a 7 E d er E Lf m High Ref Sets the high reference level The default is 90 Mid Ref Sets the middle reference level The default is 5096 Low Ref Sets the low reference level The default is 10 Mid2 Ref Sets the middle reference level used on the second waveform specified in the Delay or Phase Measurements The default is 50 Sample Set Levels in Ba units 4 Reference Levels J ChtAmpl PS 504 my one tum mo gh Tow Reference P u Levels Snapshat elec Remove Measrmnt foren Measrmnt Figure 3 29 Measure Menu Reference Levels Delay Measurement The delay measurement lets you measure from an edge on the selected waveform to an edge on another waveform You access the Delay Measure ment menu through the Measure main menu Press MEASURE Select Measrmnt main Delay side This brings up the Measure Delay main menu Figure 3 30 Delay to To select the waveform you want to measure fo use the main menu item Delay to The waveform you are measuring from is the selected waveform 1 Press MEASURE Select Measrmnt main Delay side Delay To main Measure Delay to 3
223. the menu selection does not change Reference Acquisition Modes a amp Single Waveform Acquisition Samples Acquired in Four Acquisition Displayed Waveform Drawn Acquisition intervals Mode Record Points on CRT interval 1 Uses first sampie in interval Use for fastest acquisition rate This is the default mode omer coeur Uses highest and os ein a samples in two intervals Use to reveal aliasing and for glitch detection Provides the benefits of enveloping with the speed of a single acquisition Calculates average of ali samples n interval Use to reduce apparent noise Provides the benefits of averaging with the speed of a single acquisition Jd Multiple Waveform Acquisitions Acquisition Waveform Drawn Three Acquisitions from One Source Mode on CRT Acquisition 1 Finds highest and Uses Peak Detect Mode for Each Acquisition lowest record points over many acquisitions Use to reveal variations in the signal across time Mediana Mofa dl Moo AAA Ml pg p fA FUWETUTUPIPPTFIUWWIRTUEIA PA VAN d Pu a Pi AUS d L T LA ds J IL Calculates average value for Uses Sample Mode for Each Acquisition each record point over many acquisitions Use to reduce apparent noise in a repetitive signal Figure 3 1 How the Acquisition Modes Work TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 3 Acquisition Modes Hi Res Mode In Hi Res mode the digitizing oscilloscop
224. the vertical voltage tolerance value using the general purpose knob 4 Press H Limit side Enter the horizontal time tolerance value using the general purpose knob 5 When you have specified the limit test template as you wish press OK Store Template side This action stores the specified waveform in the specified destination using the specified tolerances Until you have done so the template waveform has been defined but not created If you wish to create another limit test template store it in another des tination to avoid overwriting the template you just created If you wish to view the template you have created press the MORE button Then press the button corresponding to the destination refer ence memory you used The waveform appears on the display NOTE To view the waveform data as well as the template envelope use the Dots display style see Display Modes on page 3 22 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 45 Limit Testing 3 46 Limit Test Sources Now specify the channel that will acquire the waveforms to be compared against the template you have created 13 On TDS 420 and TDS 460 press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU Limit Test Sources main Compare Chi to Compare Ch2 to Compare Ch3 to or Compare Ch4 to side On TDS 410 press SHIFT ACQUIRE MENU Limit Test Sources main Compare Chi to Compare Ch2 to side Once you select one of the channels as a waveform source from the
225. tility menu 3 855 Temperature compensation 3 9 1 3 92 Template Source Acquire menu 3 44 Text Grat Display menu 3 23 Thinkjet 3 31 Thinkjet Hardcopy menu 3 32 TIFF 3 31 TIFF Hardcopy menu 3 32 Time base G 9 Time Base Horizontal menu 3 17 3 41 Time Units Cursor menu 3 75 Time to voltage converter 3 73 TOGGLE button 2 27 3 14 G 9 Tracking Mode Cursor 2 28 Tracking Cursor menu 3 14 Trigger 2 1 1 2 16 3 9 G 9 AC Line Voltage 2 72 Auxiliary 2 12 Coupling 2 15 Delayed 3 16 3 21 Edge 2 72 3 27 G 3 Holdoff 2 14 Level 2 76 G 9 Mode 2 13 Position 2 75 3 42 Readout 3 96 Slope 2 11 2 16 Source 2 11 Status Lights 3 95 Types 3 97 Video 2 12 3 101 Trigger Bar 2 5 Trigger Bar Style Display menu 3 23 Trigger Level Bar Readout 3 23 Trigger MAIN LEVEL knob 1 11 2 76 3 94 TRIGGER MENU button 3 27 3 97 3 101 Trigger Point Readout 3 23 Trigger Position Horizontal menu 3 42 Trigger Status Lights 3 95 Trigger Status menu 3 93 TV Delay Mode Video Trigger menu 3 103 Type Main Trigger menu 3 27 3 97 3 101 3 102 Typical Characteristics Defined A 21 Listed A 27 U Undershoot G 6 user Saved setup status 3 84 UTILITY button 3 32 3 78 Utility Menu OK Erase Ref amp Panel Memory 3 85 Tek Secure Erase Memory 3 85 Utility menu 2 10 3 31 3 78 Configure 3 32 3 78 GPIB 3 78 Hardcopy 3 78 Hardcopy Talk Only 3 32 1
226. tions Typically set to 90 You can set it from 0 to 100 MidRef the waveform midale reference level Typically set to 50 You can set it from 0 to 100 LowRef the waveform low reference level Used in fall and rise time cal culations Typically set to 1096 You can set it from 0 to 100 Mid2Ref the middle reference level for a second waveform or the second middie reference of the same waveform Used in delay time calculations Typically set to 50 You can set it from 0 to 100 Other Variables The oscilloscope also measures several values itself that it uses to help calculate measurements RecordLength is the number of data points in the time base You set it with the Horizontal menu Record Length item Start is the location of the start of the measurement zone X value It is 0 0 samples uniess you are making a gated measurement When you use gated measurements it is the location of the left vertical cursor TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 25 Appendix C Algorithms End is the location of the end of the measurement zone lt value It is RecordLength 1 0 samples unless you are making a gated measurement When you use gated measurements it is the location of the right vertical cursor Hysteresis The hysteresis band is 10 of the waveform amplitude It is used in MCross1 MCross2 and MCross3 calculations For example once a crossing has been measured in a negative direction t
227. tors are and 3 Press OK Create Math Wfm side to perform the function NOTE lf you select for multiply in step 2 the cursor feature measures amplitude in the units volts squared VV rather than in volts V For More If your oscilloscope is equipped with option 2F you can also create inte Information grated differentiated and Fast Fourier Transform waveforms If your oscillo scope is equipped with that option see the 7DS Family Option 2F Instruction Manual TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 109 Zoom and Interpolation Operation 3 110 Zoom At times you may want to expand or compress a waveform on the display without changing the acquisition parameters You can do that with the zoom feature When you zoom in on a waveform on the display you expand a portion of it The digitizing oscilloscope may need to show more points for that portion than it has acquired If it needs to do this it interpolates The instrument can interpolate in either of two ways linear or s n x ix The interpolation meth ods are described on page 2 18 When you zoom the display redraws the waveforms using the interpolation method you selected in the Display menu linear interpolation or sin x x If you selected sin x x the default it may introduce some overshoot or undershoot to the waveform edges If that happens change the interpola tion method to linear following the instructions on page 3 111 To
228. triggers edge and video Although these two triggers are unique they have some common character istics that can be defined and modified using the Trigger menu buttons and knob This article discusses these common characteristics To learn about the general concept of triggering see Triggering in the Con cepts section To learn more about using specific triggers and using the delayed trigger system see For More Information on page 3 97 The trigger buttons and knob let you quickly adiust the trigger level or force a trigger see Figure 3 53 SEB TRIGGER lli MAIN LEVEL DELNE TRIG TRIGGER MENU TRIG D Trigger Status Lights READY ARM SET LEVEL FORCE TO 50 TRIGGER Figure 3 53 TRIGGER Controls and Status Lights MAIN LEVEL Knob The MAIN LEVEL knob lets you manually change the trigger level when triggering in Edge mode It adjusts the trigger level or threshold level instantaneously no matter what menu if any is displayed Reference Readouts Triggering To Set to 50 You can quickly obtain an edge trigger by pressing SET LEVEL TO 50 The oscilloscope sets the trigger level to the halfway point between the peaks of the trigger signal You can also set the level to 50 in the Trigger menu under the main menu item Level if Edge is selected Note that the MAIN LEVEL knob and menu items apply only to the main trigger level To modify the delayed trigger level use the Le
229. tructions under Display Style on page 3 22 explain how to turn on intensified samples Equivalent Time Sampling The digitizing oscilloscope only uses equi valent time sampling if you have enabled the equivalent time option in the Acquisition menu and the oscilloscope is not able to get enough samples with which to create a waveform record and the time base is faster than 500 ns In equivaient time ET sampling the oscilloscope acquires samples over many repetitions of the event Figure 2 8 It shouid only be used on repeti tive signals Record Points 1st Acquisition Cycle JUL JL IL 2nd Acquisition Cycle Lo JL JL 3rd Acquisition Cycle JL JL JL nth Acquisition Cycle O SENE Figure 2 8 Equivalent Time Sampling The oscilloscope takes a few samples with each trigger event and eventually constructs a waveform record using the samples from multiple acquisitions That feature lets you accurately acquire signals with frequencies much higher than the digitizing oscilloscope real time bandwidth The digitizing oscilloscope uses a type of equivalent time sampling called random equivalent time sampling Although the samples are taken sequen tially in time they are random with respect to the trigger That is because the oscilloscope sample clock runs asynchronously with respect to the input TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 19 Acquisition Acquisition Modes Bandwidth Coupling DC AC GND Q 2 20 signal
230. ts are generally more accurate and quicker than for example manuaily counting graticule divisions The oscilloscope continu ously updates and dispiays these measurements There is also a way to dispiay all the measurements at once see Snapshot of Measurements on page 3 58 Automatic measurements calculate waveform parameters from acquired data Measurements are performed over the entire waveform record or the region specified by the vertical cursors if gated measurements have been requested See page 3 54 for a discussion of gated measurements They are not performed iust on the displayed portions of waveforms The TDS 400 Series Digitizing Oscilloscopes provide you with 25 automatic measurements see Tabie 3 4 Definitions The following are brief definitions of the automated measurements in the digitizing oscilloscope for more details see Appendix C Algorithms page A 24 Table 3 4 Measurement Definitions Name Definition Voltage measurement The high value less the low value measured over the entire waveform or gated region Amplitude High Low if Amplitude Area Voltage over time measurement The area over the entire waveform or gated region in volt seconds Area measured above ground is positive area below ground is negative A Cycle Area Voltage over time measurement The area over the first cycle in the waveform or the first cycle in the gated region in volt seconds Area measured above grou
231. tup memory with the factory setup s Calculates the checksums of ali waveform memory and setup memory locations to verify successful completion of setup and waveform erasure m ifthe checksum calculation is unsuccessful displays a warning mes sage if the checksum calculation is successful displays a confirmation message See Example 4 Saving Setups on page 1 23 See Factory Initialization Settings on page A 39 TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 85 Saving and Recalling Waveforms You can store a waveform in any of the four internal reference memories of the digitizing oscilloscope That information is retained even when you turn the oscilloscope off or unplug it You can save any combination of different size waveform records as long as they total no more than 60 000 record points The digitizing oscilloscope can display up to 11 waveforms 9 on TDS 410 at one time That includes waveforms from the input channels four refer ence waveforms and three math waveforms Saving waveforms is useful when working with many waveforms and chan nels If you have more waveforms than you can display you can save one of the waveforms and then stop acquiring if That lets you display another waveform without forcing you to loose the first one Operation To save a waveform do the following steps 1 Select the channel that has the waveform you want to save Before doing step 2 that follows note that if you use a reference
232. ueh re E 5 Recall Factory Channel Readout Adjusting the Waveform Display Figure 1 8 The Display After Factory Initialization Right now the channel time base and trigger readouts appear in the grati cule area because a menu is displayed You can press the CLEAR MENU button at any time to remove any menus and to move the readouts below the graticule The display shows the probe compensation signal It is a 1 kHz square wave of approximately 0 5 V amplitude You can adjust the size and placement of the waveform using the front panel knobs Figure 1 9 shows the main VERTICAL and HORIZONTAL sections of the front panel Each has SCALE and POSITION knobs 1 Turn the vertical SCALE knob clockwise Observe the change in the displayed waveform and the channel readout at the bottom of the dis play Getting Started Example 1 Displaying a Waveform NEN VERTICAL 4H HORIZONTAL E POSITION ZOOM MENU WAVEFORM OFF Figure 1 9 The VERTICAL and HORIZONTAL Controls 2 Turn the vertical POSITION knob first one direction then the other Observe the change in the displayed waveform Then return the wave form to the center of the graticule 3 Turn the horizontal SCALE knob one click clockwise Observe the time base readout at the bottom of the display The time base shouid be set to 200 us div now and you should see two complete waveform cycles on the display Using Autoset When you first co
233. ule Vectors ensity Sin x x ull GENI See IINE Figure 3 13 Trigger Point and Level Indicators Filter Type The display filter types are sin x x interpolation and linear interpolation For more information see page 2 18 Press DISPLAY Filter main Sin x x Interpolation or Linear Interpo lation side 3 24 Reference Display Modes NOTE Interpolation occurs when the horizontal scale is set to rates faster than 500 ns div or when using the ZOOM feature to expand wave forms horizontally The filter type linear or sin x x depends on which is set in the Display menu Otherwise interpolation is not needed See Sampling and Digitizing on page 2 17 for a discus sion of sampling including interpolation Graticule Type To change the graticule Press DISPLAY Graticule main Full Grid Cross Hair or Frame side m Full provides a grid cross hairs and a frame w Grid displays a frame and a grid a Cross Hair provides cross hairs and a frame Frame displays just a frame Format There are two kinds of format YT and XY E up m YT is the conventional oscilloscope display format It shows a signal voltage the vertical axis as it varies over time the horizontal axis C2 XY format compares the voltage levels of two waveform records point by point That is the digitizing oscilioscope displays a graph of the voltage of one waveform record against the voltage of anoth
234. und it becomes TLF Use linear interpolation if neces sary 4 FallTime TLF THF TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 29 Appendix C Algorithms Fall Time in THF TLF LowRef Figure A 2 Fall Time Frequency Timing measurement The reciprocal of the period Measured in Hertz Hz where 1 Hz 1 cycle per second If Period 0 or is otherwise bad return an error Frequency 1 Period High eae 100 highest voltage reference value See High Low earlier in this section Using the min max measurement technique High Max Low E M 0 lowest voltage reference value calculated See High Low eariier in this section Using the min max measurement technique Low Min Maximum J dA Amplitude voltage measurement The maximum voltage Typically the most positive peak voltage A 30 Appendices Du m Appendix C Algorithms Examine all Waveform sampies from Start to End inclusive and set Max equal to the greatest magnitude Waveform value found Mean The arithmetic mean for one waveform Remember that one waveform is not necessarily equal to one cycle For cyclical data you may prefer to use the cycle mean rather than the arithmetic mean If Start End then return the interpolated value at Start Otherwise End Waveform t dt Start For details of the integration algorithm see page A 34 Minimum Amplitude voltage measurement The mini
235. v to 995 mV div 10V 1 Vidiv to 10 V div 100 V Range Position 5 divisions Range Sensitivity 1 mV div to 10 V div Displayed vertically with 25 digitization levels DLs per division and 10 24 divisions dynamic range with zoom off A DL is the smallest voltage level change resolved by the 8 bit A D Converter with the input scaled to the volis division setting of the channel used Expressed as a voltage a DL is equal to 1 25 of a division times the volts division setting 2The sensitivity ranges from 1 mV div to 10 V div in a 1 2 5 sequence of coarse settings Between consecutive coarse set tings the sensitivity can be finely adjusted with a resolution of 1 of the more sensitive setting For example between 50 mV div and 100 mV div the volts division can be set with 0 5 mV resolution A 10 Appendices Appendix B Specification Table A 7 Nominal Traits Signal Acquisition System Cont Name Description Rise Time Volts Div Setting Rise Time TDS 410 and TDS 420 5 mV div 10 V div 2 3 ns 2 mV div 4 98 mV div 3 2 ns 1 mV div 1 99 mV div 3 9 ns Rise Time Volts Div Setting Rise Time TDS 460 5 mV div 10 V div 1 0 ns 2 mV div 4 98 mV div 1 4 ns 1 mV div 1 99 mV div 3 5 ns 3Rise time is defined by the following formula Rise Time ns BW MHZ Table A 8 Nominal Traits Time Base System Name Description Range Sample Rate 3 2 5 Samples s to 100 MSamples s R
236. values as follows High Max and Low Min Histogram Method attempts to find the highest density of points above and below midpoint of a waveform It attempts to ignore ringing and spikes when determining the 0 and 100 levels This method works well when measuring square waves and pulse waveforms The oscilloscope caiculates the histogram based High and Low values as foliows Appendices Appendix C Algorithms 1 it makes a histogram of the record with one bin for each digitizing level 256 total 2 it splits the histogram into two sections at the halfway point between Min and Max also called Mid 3 The level with the most points in the upper histogram is the High value and the levei with the most points in the lower histogram is the Low value Choose the levels where the histograms peak for High and Low If Mid gives the largest peak value within the upper or lower histogram then return the Mid value for both High and Low this is probably a very low amplitude waveform If more than one histogram level bin has the maximum value choose the bin farthest from Mid This aigorithm does not work well for two level waveforms with greater than about 100 overshoot HighRef MidRef LowRef Mid2Ref The user sets the various reference levels through the Reference Level selection in the Measure menu They include the following HighRef the waveform high reference level Used in fall time and rise time calcula
237. ve cursor is a dashed line on the display To get the cursor menu press the CURSOR button There are three kinds of cursors available in that menu Horizontal bar cursors measure vertical parameters typically volts w Vertical bar cursors measure horizontal parameters typically time or frequency m Paired cursors measure both vertical parameters typically volts and horizontal parameters typically time or frequency There are also two modes for cursor operation available in the cursor me nu independent and tracking See Figure 2 12 independent Mode _ Only Selected Cursor Moves Tracking Mode a za ee Both Cursors Move in Tandem Figure 2 12 Cursor Modes a independent mode cursors operate as was earlier described that is you move one cursor at a time the active cursor using the general purpose knob and you use the TOGGLE button to toggie which cursor bar is active TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 2 27 Measurements m Tracking mode cursors operate in tandem you move both cursors at the same time using the general purpose knob To adjust the solid cursor relative to the dashed cursor push the TOGGLE button to suspend cursor tracking and use the general purpose knob to make the adjust ment A second push toggles the cursors back to tracking You can read more detailed information about how to use cursors in Cursor Measurements beginning on page 3 11 Automated Measure
238. vel item in the Delayed Trigger menu Force Trigger By pressing the FORCE TRIG front panel button you can force the oscillo scope to immediately start acquiring a waveform record even without a trigger event Forcing a trigger is useful when in normal trigger mode and the input signal is not supplying a valid trigger By pressing FORCE TRIG you can quickly confirm that there is a signal present for the oscilloscope to acquire Once that is established you can determine how to trigger on it press SET LEVEL TO 50 check trigger source setting etc The oscilloscope recognizes and acts upon FORCE TRIG even when you press it before the end of pretrigger holdoff However the button has no effect if the acquisition system is stopped The digitizing oscilloscope has display readouts and status lights dedicated to monitoring the trigger circuitry Trigger Status Lights There are three status lights in the Trigger control area Figure 3 53 indicat ing the state of the trigger circuitry The lights are labeled TRIG D READY and ARM u When TRIG D is lighted it means the digitizing oscilloscope has recog nized a valid trigger and is filling the posttrigger portion of the waveform When READY is lighted it means the digitizing oscilloscope can accept a valid trigger event and it is waiting for that event to occur When ARM is lighted it means the trigger circuitry is filling the pretrigger portion of the waveform record
239. ver several acquisitions You specify the number of acquisitions over which to accumulate the data The oscilloscope saves the highest and lowest values in two adjacent intervals similar to the Peak Detect mode But Envelope mode unlike Peak Detect gathers peaks over many trigger events Reference Acquisition Readout Acquisition Readout Acquisition Modes After each trigger event the oscilloscope acquires data and then compares the min max values from the current acquisition with those stored from previous acquisitions The final display shows the most extreme values for ail the acquisitions for each point in the waveform record NOTE Envelope and Average acquisition modes disable Roll mode You can read about Holl mode beginning on page 3 80 Average Mode Average mode lets you acquire and display a waveform record that is the averaged result of several acquisitions This mode reduces random noise The oscilloscope acquires data after each trigger event using Sample mode It then averages the record point from the current acquisition with those stored from previous acquisitions The acquisition readout at the top of the display Figure 3 2 shows the state of the acquisition system running or stopped The running state shows the sampie rate and acquisition mode The stopped state shows the number of acquisitions acquired since the last stop or major change Average 76 DAI TUUS Feate Stop After imit Test
240. vides a video trigger It lets you trigger on positive or negative sync puises It also lets you select interlaced field one interlaced field two or both fields noninterlaced You can define the signal class to be NTSC PAL SECAM or you can customize the class Option 13 RS 232 Centronics Hardcopy Interface With this option Tektronix ships the oscilloscope equipped with a RS 232 and a Centronics interface that can be used to obtain hardcopies of the oscilloscope screen Option 2F Advanced DSP Math With this option the oscilloscope can compute and display three advanced math waveforms integral of a waveform differential of a waveform and an FFT Fast Fourier Transform of a waveform Option 3P Printer Pack With this option Tektronix ships a Seiko DPU 411 thermai printer cables manual and an accessory pouch mounted to the top of the oscilloscope Hardcopies of the screen are produced on four inch thermal paper The pouch holds the printer and has additional room for accessories Option 2A 60 000 Point Record Length and Video Trigger This option combines Option 1M 60 000 point records and Option 05 Video Trigger TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 1 Appendix A Options and Accessories Option 2B 60 000 Point Record Length Video Trigger and Advanced DSP Math This option combines Option 1M 60 000 point records Option 05 Video Trigger and Option 2F Advanced DSP Math Options A1 A5
241. was calibrated using standards and instruments whose accuracies are traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology an accepted value of a naturali physical constant or a ratio calibration technique The calibration is in compliance with US MIL STD 45662A This option also includes a test data report for the instru ment TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual A 3 Appendix A Options and Accessories Standard Accessories The following standard accessories are included with the digitizing oscillo scope Table A 2 Standard Accessories Accessory Part Number Programmer Manual 070 8709 XX Reference 070 8035 XX Performance Verification 070 8721 XX U S Power Cord 161 0230 01 Probes qty two P6138 10X Passive x 4 single uni Probe Accessories These are accessories to the standard probe listed previously P6138 Except for the probe tip to circuit board adapter they can also be ordered separately Table A 3 Probe Accessories Accessory Part Number Retractable Hook Tip mm 013 0107 06 Body Shell tip cover 204 1049 00 Probe Tip to Circuit Board Adapter No customer ord qty two standard optionally available in package of erable part num 25 as 131 5031 00 ber for doubie unit 6 Inch Slip On Ground Lead 196 3113 02 Low Inductance Ground Lead 195 4240 00 Marker Rings Set qty eighteen rings which includes 016 0633 00 two each of nine colors Ground Collar
242. ween the trigger event and the acquisition of data Digitizing The process of converting a continuous analog signal such as a waveform to a set of discrete numbers representing the amplitude of the signal at specific points in time Digitizing is composed of two steps sampling and quantizing Display system The part of the oscilloscope that shows waveforms measurements menu items status and other parameters Edge Trigger Triggering occurs when the oscilloscope detects the source passing through a specified voltage level in a specified direction the trigger slope Envelope acquisition mode A mode in which the oscilloscope acquires and displays a waveform that shows the variation extremes of several acquisitions Equivalent time sampling ET A sampling mode in which the oscilloscope acquires signals over many repetitions of the event The TDS 400 Series Digitizing Oscillo scopes use a type of equivalent time sampling called random equiv alent ime sampling Y utilizes an internal clock that runs asynchronously with respect to the input signal and the signal trigger The oscilloscope takes samples continuously independent of the trigger position and displays them based on the time differ ence between the sample and the trigger Although the samples are taken sequentially in time they are random with respect to the trigger Fall time A measurement of the time it takes the trailing edge of a pulse to fail from a HighRef value ty
243. ximately 250 MHz The low inductance tip has a partially insulated flexible ground pin that allows you to ground the probe and still have a limited amount of reach with the probe tip Because the ground lead simply contacts the ground refer ence instead of clipping onto it you can move the probe around your device under test with ease The assembly is well suited to densely popu lated circuit boards and multi pin connectors TDS 410 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual 3 63 Probe Accessories Probe Tip to Circuit Board Adapters The probe tip to circuit board adapters let you design minimum inductance test points into your next circuit board That adapter provides maximum performance for the probe because it virtually eliminates the ground induc tance effects of the probe Instructions for installing the probe tip to circuit board adapters are pack aged with the adapters For the best performance and ease of testing Tektronix strongly recommends that you incorporate the probe tip to circuit board adapters or the probe tip to chassis adapters described below into your next design To use your probe with these adapters unscrew and remove the ribbed ferrule Use the probe tip directly with the adapter SMT KlipChipTM The SMT KlipChip provides hands free attachment to a physically small signal or ground source The low profile of the KlipChip allows you to grasp surface mounted devices that the full size retractable hook tip
244. z Three and one half times the DC coupled limits 4 One and one half times the DC coupled limits from DC to 30 kHz Attenuates signals above 30 kHz One and one half times the DC coupled limits for frequencies above 80 kHz Attenuates signals below 80 kHz The trigger position errors are typically less than the values given here These values are for triggering signals having a slew rate at the trigger point of 0 5 division ns 2The waveform interval WI is the time between the samples in the waveform record Also see the footnote for the character istics Sample Rate Range and Equivalent Time or Interpolated Waveform Rates in Table A 8 on page A 11 3The minimum sensitivity for obtaining a stable trigger A stable trigger results in a uniform regular display triggered on the selected slope The trigger point must not switch between opposite slopes on the waveform and the display must not roll across the screen on successive acquisitions The TRIG D LED stays constantly lighted when the SEC DIV setting is 2 ms or faster but may flash when the SEC DIV setting is 10 ms or slower 4See the characteristic Sensitivity Edge Type Trigger DC Coupled in Table A 16 which begins on page A 18 A 22 Appendices Appendix B Specification Table A 22 Typical Characteristics Triggering System Cont Name Description Frequency Maximum for Events Delay 90 MHz Width Minimum Puise and Rearm 5 ns Events
245. zation Settings The factory initialization settings provide you a known state for the digitizing oscilloscope Factory initialization sets values as shown in Table A 24 Table A 24 Factory Initialization Defaults Control Acquire mode Acquire repetitive signal Acquire stop after Acquire of averages Acquire of envelopes Channel selection Cursor H Bar 1 position Cursor H Bar 2 position Cursor V Bar 1 position Cursor V Bar 2 position Cursor mode Cursor function Cursor time units Delayed edge trigger coupling Delayed edge trigger level Delayed edge trigger slope Delayed edge trigger source Delay trigger average Deiay trigger enveiope TDS 416 TDS 420 amp TDS 460 User Manual Changed by Factory init to Sample ON Enable ET RUN STOP button only 16 10 Channel 1 on all others off 10 of graticule height 3 2 divs from the center 90 of the graticule height 3 2 divs from the center 10 of the record length 9096 of the record length independent Off seconds DC OV Rising Channel 1 16 10 A 39 Appendix E Factory Initialization Settings Table A 24 Factory Initialization Defaults Cont Control Delay time delayed runs after main Delay time delayed triggerable after main Deiay events triggerable after main Delayed delay by Delayed time base mode Display clock Display format Display graticule type Display intensity c
246. zu opgogosesog Il Scan Rate amp i interlace Rate 1 I 15 20KHz Rate 2 20 25KH2 Rate 3 AI 2SKHZ Rate 4 33 64KH2 Polarity Negative Press here to remove menus from screen w 2 7 At a Glance Menu Map Press these buttons To bring up these menus ACQUIRE MENU Acquire Menu see page 3 2 E ME eoe Ue stop After Limit Test Limit Test reat e Mod Limit Test Sample E ov R S button Sources Template APPLICATION MEASURE Application Menu see the Programmer manual for more details Cursor Menu Mod see page 3 11 Indep bon ij f i i DELAYED TRIG Delayed Trigger Menu jen see page 3 16 Borisns XM source coupling Slope Level KHOE EE Time Chi DC fo 3 UTILITY qi Miis DISPLAY see page 3 t Stvie Readout Filter Graticule Format di E DOM intensity Options siaco x Full YT MENU Hardcopy Menu HABDCOPY see page 3 31 SCHERER Format Layout Port Clear UU CI to onia tnterleaf Portrait GPIB 5poal Horizontal Menu HORIZONTAL N MENU see page 3 40 Tine Baca Trigger Record T mom ne o5H ion en Cale man 500 divi 2 8 Operating Basics Press these buttons DELAYED TRIG Main Trigger Menu Edge TREE see page 3 27 s DELAYED TRIG Trigger Menu Video TRIGGER see page 3 101 MENU Measure Menu APPLICATION see page 3 49 UE More Menu MORE see page 3 107

Tektronix TDS 420 User's Manual

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