Rite Life Sensitometer 394 User's Manual
Contents
1. 2 Applying Power 3 2 Application and Procedures 4 Sensitometer Monitoring For Process Ss nee 4 Processing Procedure 6 Manual Data Recording Procedure 7 Automatic Data Recording Procedure Using the 391 Densitometer 9 Processor Troubleshooting 10 3 Using the Sensitometer 11 Setting Exposure Color 11 Selecting Single or Dual Exposure SJA ONIY neben 12 Adjusting Exposure Setting 393 12 Adjusting Exposure Setting 394 13 EXPOSING FIL as e etc iecit et 14 4 General Maintenance 16 Repair Information 16 Calibration Recertification 16 Cleaning the Instrument 17 Replacing the Battery 18 5 Technical Specifications 19 1 Getting Started Unpacking and Inspection After removing the instrument from the shipping carton inspect for possible damage If any damage has occurred during shipping immediately contact the transportation company Do not proceed with installation until the carrier s agent has inspected the damage If damage is not evident check to make sure that the following items are included e Sensitometer 393 or 394 e Operation Manual this document e Certificate o2. 02 Log Exposure Exposure Stability 02 Log Exposure per year Temperature Sensitivity 02 Log Exposure from 59 F 15 C 86 F 30 C Electrical Required 9 Volt alkaline battery Light Modulation 21 Step Wedge 0 15D per step Blue Color Peak Wavelength 460nm 10nm Green Color Peak Wavelength 510nm 10nm Warm up Time Instantaneous Recycle Time 2 Seconds Dimensions 8 5in 21 59cm W x 5 25in 13 34cm D x 3 0in 7 62cm H Weight 2 1 2 Ibs 1 13kg American National Standards Institute compliance except as noted This instrument may be covered by one or more patents Refer to the instrument for actual patent numbers Specifications and design subject to change without notice 19 20 eu Xrite X Rite Incorporated World Headquarters 3100 44th Street S W Grandville Michigan 49418 USA www x rite com Tel 1 888 826 3044 Fax 1 888 826 3045 or 616 534 0686 International Tel 1 888 826 3039 or 616 534 7663 Fax 616 534 0723 X Rite GmbH Stollwerckstra e 32 51149 K ln Germany Tel 49 22 03 91 45 0 Fax 49 22 03 91 45 19 X Rite GmbH Sochorova 705 CZ 682 11 Vyskov Czech Republic Tel 420 507 328197 Fax 420 507 328138 X Rite Asia Pacific Ltd Room 808 10 Kornhill Metro Tower 1 Kornhill Road Quarry Bay Hong Kong Tel 852 2 568 6283 Fax 852 2 885 8610 X Rite Ltd The Acumen Centre First Avenue Poynton Cheshire England Tel 44
3. D bracketed as DUAL are activated 13 Exposing Film Expose the selected film as follows 1 2 3 4 Select exposure color blue or green Select single or dual exposure 394 only Adjust exposure setting 1f required Insert the film emulsion side down if single with the back edge against the stop and the film centered in the unit 5 Press the expose button down and hold until the buzzer has sounded Always press straight down with firm even pressure across expose button 14 6 Release the expose button and remove the film immediately 7 Develop the film in the processor to be monitored refer to Section 2 8 Record data on film immediately after development refer to Section 2 IMPORTANT NOTES e Film must be inserted all the way to the back of the unit in order to be exposed properly e _ The sensitometer is calibrated to expose screen type films normally used for general radiography to an approximate density of 1 0D Base Fog on Step No 11 e Ifthe X Rite 390 391 Densitometer is used to measure film strips the sensitometric exposure must meet the following criteria The exposure must have a gamma of 7 or greater on steps 7 through 15 increasing density increments of at least 11D The film must have at least 1 25 inch of clear leader at both ends of the exposure The use of 8 x 10 or 18cm x 24cm film is recommended 15 4 General Maintenance
4. become more complete for a given film the relationships between Contrast Index and Processor Conditions will become apparent Always note the reason for out of tolerance processor condition on the Control Record NOTE When out of tolerance conditions are noticed always verify results with another test film before making any processor adjustments Speed Index Possible Cause High High or Developer Normal temperature too high Developer over replenished Improper safe lighting Improper solution mix Normal temperature too low Developer under replenished Inadequate developer circulation Improper solution mix Contaminated developer 10 3 Using the Sensitometer Setting Exposure Color Optimum sensitometric control occurs when the proper color light exposes the film Expose with the same color emitted from the intensifying screen recommended by the film manufacturer for the film being exposed For example when using blue emitting intensifying screen expose in BLUE position Slide the color switch on the front of the unit to the left for BLUE or to the right for GREEN NOTE The exposure time should be set in accordance with the manufacturers requirements See Adjusting Exposure Setting on the following pages 11 Selecting Single or Dual Exposure 394 only Depending on the type of film that is to be exposed the sensitometer can have either single sided or double sided exp
5. in any form or by any means electronic magnetic mechanical optical manual or otherwise without the prior written permission of an officer of X Rite Incorporated 2002 by X Rite Incorporated ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Limited Warranty X Rite Incorporated warrants each unit manufactured to be free of defects in material and workmanship for a period of twelve months If the fault has been caused by misuse or abnormal conditions of operations repairs will be billed at a nominal cost In this case an estimate will be submitted before work is started if requested The unit shall be returned with transportation charges prepaid There are no warranties of merchantability or fitness This warranty obligation is limited to servicing the unit returned to X Rite Incorporated or an authorized dealer for that purpose X Rite Incorporated offers a repair program for instruments out of original warranty coverage For more information contact X Rite Customer Service at 1 888 826 3044 Always include serial number in any correspondence concerning the unit The serial number is located on the bottom of the instrument This agreement shall be interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Michigan and jurisdiction and venue shall lie with the courts of Michigan as selected by X Rite Incorporated Table Of Contents 1 Getting Started tics 1 Unpacking and Inspection 1 Instrument Description
6. 0 1625 871100 Fax 44 0 1625 871444 X Rite M diterran e Parc du moulin de Massy 35 rue du Saule Trapu 91300 Massy France Tel 33 1 69 53 66 20 FAX 33 1 69 53 00 52 X Rite Italy Srl Via per Caronno 35 21040 Origgio Va Italy Tel 0039 02 96734266 Fax 0039 02 96730681 X Rite K K 4F 3 19 18 Shibaura Minato ku Tokyo 108 0023 Japan Tel 81 3 5439 5971 Fax 81 3 5439 5972 X Rite Asia Pacific Ltd Singapore Representative Office 14 Science Park Drive 02 04 The Maxwell Singapore Science Park Singapore 118226 Tel 65 7788 773 Fax 65 7788 645 P N 393 500 Rev O 4 28 04
7. 393 394 Sensitometer Operation Manual xrite FCC This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Canada This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications Le present appareil numerique n emet pas de bruits radioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques de la class A prescrites dans le Reglement sur le brouillage radioelectrique edicte par le ministere des Communications du Canada CAUTION Reverse connection of battery may cause damage to circuit Use only 9 volt alkaline batteries VORSICHT Eine umgekehrte Verbindung zur Akku k nnte die Schaltung besch digen Verwenden Sie nur 9 Volt Alkalibatterien ADVERTENCIA Conexi n inversa de las pi
8. PROCESSOR PROCESSOR TIME SENSI S N _ 2 DEVELOPER ______ REPLENISHMENT FIXER REPLENISHMENT EXP COLOR BLUE or GREEN EXP TYPE DUAL or SINGLE S Indx 134 Aa EE d 1 19 u Au ia Ye a N E I A eH 1 04 FT _ FT TI TT TITTI TI TITTTITTITITIITITTTITTITTTTTTTI C Indx 1 21 En a u x z e kii B mer s Ux s T J 0 91 FT T T TTITITTTITTITTTITTITITITTITITITITITITTT B fog 0 22 E J 0 19 ee ee ee 0 16 FT _ TF TFT TIT TITITT TI TITITTITTIITITITTTTITITTTTTI Developer Temperature 97 0 4 95 0 mum s ss e es BH 4 HN GA Mn 93 0 TI Il Il II IIIlI II III IIII IIIITIIITIIITITITITTI SSS8 amp g8S88 SG eS SODOSTOHSDODOOSOOSSOSSOOOOSODOOS RRECTIVE COMMENTS Processor Troubleshooting When troubleshooting out of tolerance processor conditions use Speed Index as the primary guide Speed Index is the most predictable indicator for all film types Base Fog is predictable but is the least sensitive Contrast Index reacts predictably for a given set of film conditions but may vary from film to film Listed below is a chart showing Speed Index and Base Fog reactions to common processor problem conditions As Control Records
9. Repair Information Your 393 394 Instruments are covered by a one year limited warranty excluding alkaline battery and should be referred to the factory for repair within the warranty period Attempts to make repairs within this time frame may void the warranty X Rite provides a factory repair service to their customers Because of the complexity of the circuitry all repairs should be referred to the factory X Rite will repair any 393 394 past warranty The customer shall pay shipping cost to the factory and the instrument shall be submitted in the original carton as a complete unaltered unit Calibration Recertification X Rite sensitometers are calibrated at exposure setting 3 at the factory The exposure of Step 11 is adjusted to match factory standard instruments maintained by X Rite A certificate of calibration is provided with each instrument along with a calibration sticker that is initialed and dated by the Quality Assurance Inspector Because calibration requires a master instrument for comparison sensitometers do not have user accessible calibration adjustments X Rite offers a recertification program to verify sensitometer calibration Recertification is recommended every 12 months and can be arranged through X Rite s Customer Service Department 16 Cleaning the Instrument Y our instrument requires very little maintenance to achieve years of reliable operation However a few simple cleaning proc
10. e times the power switch can remain in the On position The only time that the power switch must be turned Off is when the instrument is transported or the battery replaced Y our sensitometer is designed to operate from a 9 Volt alkaline battery for approximately one year When the battery is low the circuit will not allow any exposures to occur Should your unit become inoperative replace the battery first refer to Section Five If this does not rectify the problem refer the instrument to X Rite or an authorized service center for proper servicing There are no user serviceable components in the sensitometer 2 Application and Procedures Sensitometer Monitoring For Process Control The sensitometer exposes film with a known quantity of light through a 21 step light modulator The maximum light is emitted from Step No 21 Each successive step emits approximately 70 7 of the light emitted from the step adjacent to it 15 log exposure The processed film responds to this exposure in a predictable manner A plot of optical density measured on the processed film against relative log exposure values is known as the D Log E curve Figure One shows the response of a typical radiographic film to exposure with the sensitometer The portion of the curve that changes most with variations in processing is called the straight line portion of the curve It is not necessary to plot D Log E Curves to monitor aut
11. e film selected to monitor a given processor should be representative of the film used with that processor Scheduling Sensitometric Control Every processor in use should have a separate control chart plotted to monitor its behavior The more frequent the data points the better the control feedback A control film should be run at start up of the processor and at least once a day Use sensitometry whenever trouble is suspected or a change has been made to the process Processing Procedure 1 Allow the processor temperature and X Rite chemistry to reach equilibrium when starting up the processor before processing film 2 Films should be processed immediately after being exposed Any delay between exposure and processing should be consistent from film to film 3 Runa full width film for cleanup at start up 4 Orient the film into the processor in a consistent manner making sure the film is inserted per processor manufacturer s specification i 3 6 n 8 9 10 11 iy LL a ALL e ot a F T os TIME DATE IDNO 5 After processing of film is complete record the date time and processor identification number on the film in the designated areas Manual Data Recording Procedure Establishing Normal Speed Index Contra
12. edures should be performed from time to time General Cleaning The exterior of the instrument may be wiped clean with a cloth dampened in water or a mild cleaner whenever required NOTE DO NOT use any ketone solvents to clean the unit this will cause damage to the cover Cleaning the Step Tablet The step tablet should be cleaned of dust and lint periodically to maintain consistent exposures 1 Holding air can in upright position insert tube into exposure slot Make sure the air is clean and free of moisture 2 Using a back and forth motion spray air in to exposure slot from one end to the other do this several times This procedure should remove any accumulated dust and lint 17 Replacing the Battery A low battery condition prevents exposures from occurring Always Replace The Battery before referring the unit for service 1 Turn Power Switch Off and remove battery access cover by sliding outward 2 Disconnect old 9 Volt battery from the circuit and discard WARNING Connecting the battery leads backward may cause circuit failure 3 Connect a replacement 9 Volt Alkaline battery to the circuit recognizing proper polarity and insert into the compartment 4 Reinstall battery access cover and turn power On Battery Access Cover 9 Volt Alkaline Battery 18 5 Technical Specifications Design Conformance A N S I PH2 9 1974 Unit to Unit Repeatability
13. f Calibration e Registration Card e Important Notice Your instrument was packaged in a specially designed carton to assure against damage If reshipment is necessary the instrument should be packaged in the original carton If the original carton is not available contact X Rite at 1 888 826 3044 to have a replacement shipped to you Instrument Description The Process Optimization Sensitometer is a battery operated dual color single or dual 394 only sided exposure sensitometer designed for quality control of cine and X ray processing systems It produces a repeatable stepped exposure on applicable film Its ease of operation enables anyone with little instruction to expose repeatable sensitomerty strips with either blue or green exposing light simulating the light from blue and green intensifying screens Advanced low power circuitry allows a long battery life without sacrificing performance Replacement battery is a 9 Volt alkaline type Exposure Button Single Dual Exposure Switch 394 Power Switch 393 Color Switch Applying Power The sensitometer is shipped from the factory with the battery installed and power switch in the Off left position slide switch to the On right position The battery switch for the 393 is located on the front of the instrument The battery switch for the 394 is located on the bottom of the instrument Because there is no drain on the battery during non us
14. las causar a da o al circuito Use solamente las pilas alcalinas de 9 voltios ATTENTION Un raccordement invers des piles peut endommager le circuit Utiliser seulement des piles fer nickel de 9 volts AVVERTIMENTO Connesione inversa delle pile pu causare danno al circuito Usare solamente le pile alcaline di 9 volt CE DECLARATION Manufacturer s Name X Rite Incorporated Manufacturer s Address 3100 44 Street S W Grandville Michigan 49418 U S A Model Name Sensitometer Model No 393 and 394 Directive s Conformance EMC 89 336 EEC WARNING This is a class A product In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures Proprietary Notice The information contained in this manual is derived from patent and proprietary data of X Rite Incorporated This manual has been prepared solely for the purpose of assisting in the use and general maintenance of this instrument The contents of this manual are the property of X Rite Incorporated and are copyrighted Any reproduction in whole or part is strictly prohibited Publication of this information does not imply any rights to reproduce or use this manual for any purpose other than installing operating or maintaining this instrument No part of this manual may be reproduced transcribed transmitted stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer language
15. omatic processors in normal laboratory environments A simpler method is to record the three parameters from the D Log E Curve which contain most of the data The following three parameters on the curve should be monitored to give pertinent processing data e Base Fog Step No 1 on the D Log E Curve is called Base Fog the least exposed portion of the film It is the base support density plus any silver emulsion density developed in the area where negligible exposure should occur e Speed Index The step on the exposed film with a density nearest 1 OD Base Fog is called Speed Index This step is a direct indicator of film speed 4 Variations in processor conditions are monitored on this step e Contrast Index An indicator of the slope of the straight line portion of the D Log E Curve is called Contrast Index Select the step closest to but not larger than 2 20D Subtract from this step the step closest to but not lower then 0 45D Contrast Index is used to monitor processor variations in conjunction with the Speed Index FIGURE 1 D Log E Curve Optical density versus relative log exposure for typical radiographic film D LOG E CURVE Nu O A o 25 A y I L 2 M e j E 15 A SPEED INDEX CONTRAST INDEX S SEN I 10 _ E N gt Y BASE FOG E co e RELATIVE LOG EXPOSURE Selection and Use of Film Th
16. osure selected If the film to be exposed is a single emulsion type slide the exposure switch to the SINGLE position and expose Emulsion Side Down Expose double emulsion type films in the DUAL switch position Adjusting Exposure Setting 393 The sensitometer has the capability of seven different exposure times for both blue and green The factory preset exposure setting is 3 If different exposure times are required refer to the chart on the next page or bottom of unit for the settings Each exposure setting will move the speed index on the film one step The dipswitch used to change the exposure time is located on the bottom of the unit When the blue color is selected switches A B C D bracketed as blue are 12 activated When the green color is selected switches A B C D bracketed as green are activated Adjusting Exposure Setting 394 The sensitometer has the capability of seven different exposure times for both single and dual The factory preset exposure setting is 3 for both single and dual If different exposure times are required refer to the chart below or bottom of unit for the settings Each exposure setting will move the speed index on the film one step The dipswitch used to change the exposure time is located on the bottom of the unit When single emulsion is selected switches A B C D bracketed as SINGLE are activated When the dual emulsion is selected switches A B C
17. st Index and Base Fog The normal speed index contrast index and base fog values are established on a representative film when the processor is considered to be operating in an optimum fashion Run several film samples and determine the average values for speed index contrast index and base fog using a transmission densitometer Step wedge areas are as uniform as is possible to produce There are however some errors at the edges of the step area Therefore always measure density at the center of the step Use a 2mm aperture to give best repeatability Record the following data on the process control record e Developer Temperature Temperature of developer solution in processor during processing e Normal Base Fog Step number one density the least exposed step on the wedge e Normal Speed Index The density of the step closest to 1 0D base fog The step number should remain the same for a given processor and film type e Normal Contrast Index Select the step closest to but not larger than 2 20D Subtract from this step the step closest to but not lower than 0 45D NOTE Monitor subsequent films on the same steps selected for normal contrast index e Date Month Day Year Processor Number Processor identification Emulsion Number Film batch identification e Developer Type Developer vendor identification e Fixer Type Fixer vendor identification e Film Type Film vendor identification e Expo
18. sure Color Exposure light blue or green e Developer Replenisher Rate The rate of developer replenishment e Fixer Replenisher Rate The rate of fixer replenishment e Processing Time Film process time input to output A box of film should be set aside from regular stock for exclusive sensitometer use New film stock will require re establishment of normal values because small density changes are possible between film batches Daily Plotting of Data on Process Control Record Plot the Speed Index Contrast Index Base Fog and Developer Temperature results on the process control record each time a control film is developed Record data immediately so that it is not lost or changed Automatic Data Recording Procedure Using the 391 Densitometer When the X Rite 391 densitometer is used to measure process control films it will automatically calculate and store the values for speed index contrast index and base fog The unit will also store up to 32 measurements of film data for twelve processors Printing Process Control Records The 391 densitometer will printout the process control record when interfaced to a printer see below X RITE Process Control Densitometer METROPOLITAN HOSPITAL LOCATION Xray lab A BEGIN DATE XX XX XX GRAPH DATE XX XX XX TYPE OF FILM _____ _ EMULSION NUMBER EXPIRATION
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