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Planet Technology WGS3-2620 User's Manual

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1. The VLAN Table Configuration of WGS3 404 is as the following VLAH Menu VLAH Table Configuration HEMBERS UHTAG VLAH 12345678 17345678 1 55555555 UUUUUUUU Hormal 5 Static R Reg Fixed x Forbidden U Untag T Tag Page Apply Total 1 Pages x UK lt Prev Page gt lt Hext Page gt Add Enter page number than press Apply to see VLAH group READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description VLAN The ID for the VLAN currently displayed Range 1 4094 MEMBERS Port entries may be marked as Normal Uses GVRP to determine port membership o Static Adds port as a static entry GVRP protocol is disabled R Registration Fixed Adds port as a static entry GVRP protocol messages are still forwarded through this port X Forbidden Disables GVRP for this VLAN on the specified port If a removed port is no longer assigned to any other group as an untagged port it will automatically be assigned to VLAN group 1 as untagged UNTAG opecify the outbound packets for this VLAN on this port should be tagged or untagged U The outbound packets for this VLAN on this port should be untagged T The outbound packets for this VLAN on this port should be tagged WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 56 4 5 4 3 Reset Address Table Mode WGS3 404 provide two address table modes SVL Shared VLAN Learning and IVL Independent VLAN Learning SVL Configuration
2. You can use the following configuration screen to set the timing interval and policies RIP uses to advertise route information RIP Configuration Default Route Defaut Route Disabled Static Route Fiati Rowe Disabled gnoreHostRoute Disabled Cancel Apply Parameter Default Description RIP Update Time 30 seconds The interval at which RIP advertises known route information Range 0 999 seconds where 0 disables route advertisements WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 186 Default Route Disabled Enables or disables advertising this switch as a default router Advertisement Static Route Disabled Enables or disables advertisement of static routes Advertisement 5 7 5 2 3 Configuring Global Settings for OSPF To implement OSPF for a large network you must first organize the network into logical areas to limit the number of OSPF routers that actively exchange Link State Advertisements LSAs You can then define an OSPF interface by assigning an IP interface configured on this switch to one of these groups This OSPF interface will send and receive OSPF traffic to neighboring OSPF routers You can further optimize the exchange of OSPF traffic by specifying an area range that covers a large number of subnetwork addresses This is an important technique for limiting the amount of traffic exchanged between Area Border Routers ABRs And finally you must specify a virtual link to any OSPF area that is not physically attached
3. Flow Control Jack Type Edit Default Enabled Enabled 10M Half Duplex Disabled SC or RJ 45 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual Description Indicates if the port has a valid connection to an external device Allows you to disable a port due to abnormal behavior e g excessive collisions and then re enable it after the problem has been resolved You may also disable a port for security reasons Enables or disables auto negotiation for the switch to find a optimum connection speed If auto negotiation is disabled the port will be set to the indicated speed and duplex mode Type Indicates the current speed and duplex mode Used to enable or disable flow control Flow control can eliminate frame loss by blocking traffic from end stations or segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill When enabled back pressure is used for half duplex and IEEE 802 3x for full duplex Note that flow control should not be used if a port is connected to a hub Shows the jack type for each port Click to edit communication parameters 156 5 7 1 2 Using Port Mirror for Analysis You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real time analysis You can then attach a packet analyzer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner When mirroring port traffic note that the target port must be included in the s
4. Layer 3 Gigabit Ethernet Switch 24 2G WGS3 2620 4G 4slot WGS3 404 User s Manual Trademarks Copyright c PLANET Technology Corp 2002 PLANET is a registered trademark of PLANET Technology Corp All other trademarks belong to their respective owners Contents subject to revision without prior notice Disclaimer Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable However no responsibility is assumed by for its use nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights Right reserved to change specifications at any time without notice The publisher assumes no responsibility for errors that may appear in this document nor does it make any commitment to update information it contains All brands and product names mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies Caution Do not use a RJ 11 telephone cable to connect your network equipment Important Safety Instructions e Read all of these instructions e Save these instructions for later use e Follow all warnings and instructions marked on the product e Unplug this product from the wall outlet before cleaning Do not use liquid cleaners or aerosol cleaners Use a damp cloth for cleaning e Do not use this product near water e Do not place this product on an unstable cart or stand The product
5. Mask Upstream Neighbor Protocol Up Time Source Address Mask Upstream Protocol Up Neighbor Time 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 16 10 1 15 19 DWMRP 15 Description An IP multicast group address with subscribers directly attached or downstream from this switch The IP subnetwork at the root of the multicast delivery tree This subnetwork contains a known multicast source Subnet mask that is used for the source address This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets The IP address of the network device immediately upstream for this group The multicast routing protocol associated with this entry The time elapsed since this entry was created WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 219 5 8 6 4 3 Displaying the DVMRP Routing Table The DVMRP Routing Table contains all the IP multicast routes learned by the DVMRP protocol The routes displayed in this table are used by this switch to forward new IP multicast traffic They do not reflect active multicast flows DWMRP Routing Table source Address Subnet Mask E Interface Metric Up Time Neighbor 10 1 0 0 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 1805 Parameter Description Source Address The IP subnetwork at the root of the multicast delivery tree This subnetwork contains a known multicast source Subnet Mask Subnet mask that is used for the source address This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets Upstream Neighbor The IP address of the
6. OSPF looks at more than just the simple hop count When adding the shortest path to any node into the tree the optimal path is chosen on the basis of delay throughput and connectivity OSPF utilizes IP multicast to reduce the amount of routing traffic required when sending or receiving routing path updates The separate routing area scheme used by OSPF further reduces the amount of routing traffic and thus inherently provides another level of routing protection In addition all routing protocol exchanges can be authenticated Finally the OSPF algorithms have been tailored for efficient operation in TCP IP Internets OSPF v2 is a compatible upgrade to OSPF It involves enhancements to protocol message authentication and the addition of a point to multipoint interface which allows OSPF to run over non broadcast networks as well as support for overlapping area ranges Area Configuration OSPF routers exchange information with other routers in their area to determine the shortest path to every destination Each router in a common area should therefore have an identical map of their local network topology At the top level the largest area is known as an Autonomous System and contains all the routers in your network However for large networks you should organize your OSPF routers into smaller contiguous areas to reduce the amount of routing information that has to be exchanged and to simplify network management When designing an OSPF network
7. lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description Area Identity An OSPF area that includes all the OSPF routers within the assigned address range IP Address The IP address used to calculate the area range Address Mask The subnet mask used to calculate the area range Advertisement Enables or disables advertising for this range NOTE To add a new OSPF Area Range use the Add button To delete an existing range highlight the table entry with the cursor and select Enter WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 81 4 5 6 2 3 3 OSPF Virtual Link Configuration All OSPF areas must connect to the backbone If an area does not have a direct physical connection to the backbone you can configure a virtual link that provides a logical path to the backbone To connect an isolated area to the backbone the logical path can cross a single nonbackbone area to reach the backbone To define the path you must specify one endpoint on the ABR that connects the isolated area to the common nonbackbone area and the other endpoint on the ABR that connects this common nonbackbone area and the backbone itself However note that you cannot configure a virtual link that runs through a stub or NSSA area Virtual links can also be used to create a redundant link between any area and the backbone to help prevent partitioning or to connect two existing backbone areas into a common backbone To configure a virtual link specify the transit area through whi
8. 1000FX 1000Base SX 1000Base LX WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 210 Designated Bridge 32768 DD SOAPEISESA 324768 DD SOAEISESA 32768 OOS04F 1 2E640 32 66 D SOAEISESA 32766 00304F1E540 32766 00304F1E540 32768 DD SOAEISESA 32768 DD SDAPEISESA 32 66 00304F15E540 32766 D SOAPFISESA Designated Port 123 1 128 2 125 3 125 4 125 5 125 5 125 7 125 8 las 123 10 Status Designated Cost Designated Bridge ID Designated Port ID Displays current state of this port within the Spanning Tree Disabled No link has been established on this port Otherwise the port has been disabled by the user or has failed diagnostics Blocking Port receives STA configuration messages but does not forward packets Listening Port will leave blocking state due to a topology change starts transmitting configuration messages but does not yet forward packets Learning Port has transmitted configuration messages for an interval set by the Forward Delay parameter without receiving contradictory information Port address table is cleared and the port begins learning addresses Forwarding The port forwards packets and continues the learning addresses The rules defining port status are A port on a network segment with no other STA compliant bridging device is always forwarding ftwo ports of a switch are connected to the same segment and there is no other STA device attached to this segment the port with th
9. Apply Delete Cancel Parameter Description MAC Address The MAC address of a host device attached to this switch Port The port to which the host device is attached NOTE To assign an address to a specific port enter it in the MAC Address field select the corresponding port and press Save To delete an address click 4 and press Delete for the required entry WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 161 5 7 1 5 Configuring the Static Multicast Address Table The Static Multicast Address Table can be used to assign a destination MAC address and the corresponding ports to the VLAN group used for a specific multicast service Static multicast addresses are never aged out and traffic with these addresses can be forwarded only to ports specified in this table Multicast Address Configuration MAC Address VLAN Port 616060 606060 1 2 Entry List MAC o Address VLAN Pot 7 Dz O 3 Toa Dis 6 a Toy 10 11 12 13 15 16 15 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 26 Apply Delete Cancel Parameter Description MAC Address The destination MAC address for a multicast service VLAN The VLAN corresponding to this multicast service Port The ports to which this multicast traffic can be forwarded Edit O 7 14 21 NOTE To assign a destination MAC address to one or more ports enter its address and the corresponding VLAN select the required ports and then press Apply To delete an address click and pr
10. WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 85 4 5 6 4 Static Route Configuration This switch can be configured to dynamically learn the routes to other IP networks subnets or hosts using unicast or multicast routing protocols If the route to a specific destination cannot be learned via these protocols or you wish to restrict the path used for transmitting traffic to a destination then it can be statically configured using the Static Route Table Before defining a static route remember that you must first configure at least one IP interface on this switch Static routes take precedence over dynamically learned routes and remain in the table until you remove them or the corresponding IP interface from this switch Static Houte Table Destination Hetwork Destination Mask VLAH Hext Hop Type 10 1 3 0 255 255 255 0 1 203 70 249 250 Indirect Page 1 Apply Total 1 Pages ca i lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt lt A did Add routing entry Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Entec gt to select Parameter Description Destination A destination network subnet or host Network Destination Mask The subnet mask that specifies the bits to match A routing entry will be used for a packet if the bits in the address set by the destination mask match the Destination Network VLAN The VLAN within which the gateway or destination address resides Next Hop The IP address of the router at the next hop Note that the network portion of the nex
11. and to support VLANs which extend beyond the local switch If GVRP is globally enabled for the switch then you can individually enable or disable GVRP for a specific port See 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration WGS3 2620 supports Quality of Service QoS by using two priority queues with Weighted Fair Queuing for each port Up to 8 separate traffic classes are defined in IEEE 802 1p So any packets with a priority equal to or higher than this threshold are placed in the high priority queue You can use 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration to configure the default priority for each port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 48 High Medium 6 4 2 Low Priority Aging Time 300 1 Only displayed on WGS3 2620 2 Only displayed on WGS3 404 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual WQGS3 404 supports Quality of Service QoS by using four priority queues High Medium Low and Lowest with Weighted Fair Queuing for each port Up to 8 separate traffic classes are defined in IEEE 802 1p So any packets with a priority equal to or higher than High Priority default is 6 are placed in the high priority queue and so do others Any packets with a priority lower than Low Priority default is 2 are placed in the lowest priority queue You can use 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration to configure the default priority for each port Time out period in seconds for aging out dynamically learned MAC addresses information Range 10 1000000 seco
12. depending on the VLAN tagged untagged configuration and VLAN ID for the output port Aging the switch performs the aging process for the MAC addresses VLAN gt pair in the MAC address table Once a pair is aged out the address table is modified WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 229 6 1 2 Multicast Switching For multicast switching the switch checks whether the received frame is a Bridge Protocol Data Unit BPDU If a BPDU is received the switch forwards the frame for processing by the Spanning Tree Protocol Otherwise the switch performs the following processes VLAN classification same as for unicast switching Learning same as for unicast switching e Filtering after learning the switch checks the same filtering criteria used for unicast switching except that there is no destination MAC address to check Forwarding the switch floods the received multicast frame to all ports within the VLAN excluding the source port At the same time the switch decides whether a VLAN tag needs to be added to or stripped from the frame depending on the VLAN tagged untagged configuration and VLAN ID for the output port e Aging same as for unicast switching 6 1 3 Spanning Tree Algorithm The Spanning Tree Algorithm that is the STA configuration algorithm as outlined in IEEE 802 1D can be used to detect and disable network loops and to provide link backup This allows the switch to interact with other bridg
13. include All VLANs All VLANs have access right to its management interface This is the default setting Mgmt VLAN Only the specified VLAN have access right to its management interface NOTE When using multilayer mode refer to Subnet Configuration on WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 147 5 7 5 1 Subnet Configuration WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 148 5 6 2 Assigning SNMP Parameters Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP The switch includes an on board SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware as well as the traffic passing through its ports A computer attached to the network called a Network Management Station NMS can be used to access this information Access rights to the agent module are controlled by community strings To communicate with the switch the NMS must first submit a valid community string for authentication The options for configuring community strings and related trap functions are described in the following figures and table 5 6 2 1 Configuring Community Names The following figure and table describe how to configure the community strings authorized for management access Up to 5 community names may be entered SNMP Communities Community Name Access status SS Waite s Enabled y private Only Enabled y fo Only Disabled fF Only Dia DAVE Cancel ELLE Parameter Descript
14. lt Heset ATL OK gt Refresh Hext Port lt Prev Port gt Return to previous panel Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Interfaces Group In Octets In Unicast Pkts In Non Unicast Pkts In Discards In Errors Alignment Errors Out Octets Out Unicast Pkts Description The total number of octets received on the interface including framing characters The number of subnetwork unicast packets delivered to a higher layer protocol The number of non unicast that is subnetwork broadcast or subnetwork multicast packets delivered to a higher layer protocol The number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being deliverable to a higher layer protocol One possible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer space The number of inbound packets that contained errors preventing them from being deliverable to a higher layer protocol The number of alignment errors mis synchronized data packets The total number of octets transmitted out of the interface including framing characters The total number of packets that higher level protocols requested be transmitted to a WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 95 Out Non Unicast Pkts Out Discards Out Errors CRC Errors Ethernet Like Single Collisions Deferred Transmissions Excessive Collisions Drop Events Octets
15. 128 A FRESE PING IHE SS EM al ues LI LP shawl iE laico 130 4 0 LOGGING OFF THE SYSTEM 4s ek EE ads 131 CHAPIEBHS WEBINTERFADGE Estudia aida 132 5 1 WEB BASED CONFIGURATION AND MONITORING cccceesceceeeseecceeseeceeuseuceeeeeeeeeueeuseeeeeeeeeeeausneeeeeenenees 132 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 5 2 NAVIGATING THE WEB BROWSER INTERFACE ccssececsecccseetensecsetecseeseneetensecueetauseneseeeetensetsusenaeteees 134 2T AOTC O 134 5 2 2 COMIGUIANOM OD HONS eating ape aioe erase auc seas 136 S FANER DISPLAY ert 137 Sal POM Sale PIS AV iaar Soh O sok ieee AEE dos 137 50 2 COMIGUANO ME Sena FON irsi State ate a era bane 139 SA MAN MENO sia 140 5 5 SYSTEM INFORMATION MENU castas 142 5 5 1 Displaying System Information ccccocoonccnncccconnnonocononononononnnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnanonnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnannnnonnnns 142 5 5 2 Displaying Switch Version Information cooooonccnccccconccnncnnoonnnnnononnnonononancnnnononancnnnnnnnnnnononnnnnns 143 02 C crUIU T be 143 SAO ESL AP a Aa e 144 5 o MANAGEMENT OSETUPAMENL i Eco cael 145 5 6 1 Changing the Network Configuration Layer 2 Mode of WGS3 2620 146 5 6 2 Assigning SNMP Paramelefrs a 149 50 21 Gontiguring Community Names ceo ocios 149 562 2 Comiguning lP Trap MANS O TS 150 5 6 3 User Login CONTQUI AION arco it E ives aO 151 5 6 3 1 Displaying the Current User Configuration sss nnne nnne nnns 151 5
16. 5 7 5 1 2 Modifying an IP Interface To modify an IP interface click on the edit icon amp for the required entry update the interface settings in the dialog box at the bottom of the screen use the Advanced button to configure the unicast and multicast routing protocols as described in the following sections and then press Save 5 7 5 1 3 Configuring RIP The Routing Information Protocol is used to specify how routers exchange routing table information See 6 2 6 1 RIP and RIP 2 Dynamic Routing Protocols When RIP is enabled on this routing switch it broadcasts RIP messages to all devices in the network every 30 seconds and updates its own routing table when RIP messages are received from other routers RIP messages contain both the IP address and a metric for each destination network it knows about and the metric indicates the number of hops from this device to the destination network You can use the following menu to specify authentication the protocol used for sending or receiving routing messages on this port the default metric used in calculating the best path and enable or disable Poison Reverse Modify RIP Configuration Authentication Type No Authentication y Authentication Key po Send Type RIPv1 Broadcast y Receive ype CE Default Metric o Poison Reverse Enabled Save Reset Cancel WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 178 Parameter Description Authentication Type Authentication
17. 6 4 Downloading System Software sees sss esses seen s nhan aas s saa aa aan 152 5 6 5 Saving or Restoring the System Configuration sess 153 vaBz leXee emi 154 SN NIE AMONU A ta Saini sacred Taino ins 155 5254 1 CONMIGUMMG Port Parameters nilo a E A e 155 Dr rA USING Tor MNOO ANALY SIS oeae idilio 157 5 7 1 2 1 Using Port Mirroring on WGS3 2620 5 austero ig si R Foren festos bi lod 157 5 7 1 2 2 Using Port Mirroring on WGS3 404 einne naaa e L aaa eaea aa Eaa a iR 158 Sito amp Olg rihnd PON TONKS srczetcerciea A 159 5 7 1 4 Static Unicast Address Table occipital anidan lirios 161 5 7 1 5 Configuring the Static Multicast Address Table ooonccccncccccoconnccnnncconononnccnnnonononannnnnnnnnonnnanennns 162 NA ZA SING THE BOGE MENU TL 163 5 7 2 1 Configuring Global Bridge Settings ccccooccnncccnnccconoonncconnnonononnncnnnnnononnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnononnnnns 163 5 742 L Congr o LA TOP IP OWS urinaria it ipa n sl lesa tiu eheu cs bepe dl una Lud mene UE 166 5 7 3 Configuring Virtual LANS ii REDE t te Baio de t ee RU Pentax da deat nata ens AAA 168 57 9 4 VISAN POr CONQUE coa 168 57 92 VEAN Table Congr aoM eis oett i 171 5 7 3 3 Reset Address Table MOde ia cocos oes eee s aem Do eens sedate ita d ecu na acne eee 173 5 74 CONNQUANG IGMP SACO ii ii lil 174 5 7 0 COMIQUANG TP SCHINOS cr id pad 176 5 72521 Subtiet CON IU ION a te a Da a ads le ate
18. AAA ra v ark AAA Rd rasa apre 5 2 22 Front lane DeschbiOb sss diodos cnica 5 2p EON DESCIDION ah mounted ae eei etn dace ance yee de i dum aids acte cu itte e M MI diets 6 220 E DABIS ECT T O ne a ee 6 2 2 3 Rear Panel of WGS3 2620 and WGS3 404 leise eene nennen nenne nnn ann nain 6 2 2 4 Module Hardware Description eiiis iiie sees sees naar nna aane nuni sas r snas asas nass an aaa 7 2 2 AT IPANGWDESEMONOM pM Meet E e 7 224 2 WGOW CTGT LED De TINO wns citus echar roa a teteb sg ck dd alto 7 2 2 4 3 WGSW C1SX LED Definition iiie revente nk da ek unciis rk P ra cea ri ems oe Ba na 8 2 3 MOUNTING THE S WI CHA a caressa osi sus satu esca ice liar Ded iue uate dd 8 2 9 1 MOUNTAG OWICheS Ia Fokus eo Mem A aiia oe At 8 24 CONNECTING THE SWITCH OVS TE Mitin quais e Doctus ool toes etu ovatae rese fa Rue tor Re DPA DUE 8 2 4 1 Making a Connection to an RJ 45 Port sessili isses sseee assess sns nna aaa h asas asas aaa asas ansa naa 9 2 4 2 Making a Connection to an Gigabit Fiber Module esses 9 2o PONERING ON THE OWITOBsdectesi tis devise ebd voe ave fee re ubi lid rem dier ra niae at veto ve p ve bre ee 9 20 VERIFYING o YS TEM OPEBATION wsesesd vedere est epi Day vedrai d ree Deve t vd ua ia na 10 CHAPTER 3 SWITCH MANAGEMENT cccsssscccsnssencnnensencnssnennnenecunnennsuenssnecennenseuonasnse
19. Address is learned in one VLAN that learned information is used in forwarding decisions taken for that address relative to all other VLANs SVL is suitable when you need to have asymmetric VLANs Under normal circumstances a pair of devices communicating in a VLAN environment will both send and receive using the same VLAN However there are some circumstances in which it is convenient to make use of two distinct VLANs one used for A to transmit to B the other used for B to transmit to A IVL Configuration and operation of the MAC address learning process with difference MAC address table for all VLANs If a given individual MAC Address is learned in one VLAN that learned information is not used in forwarding decisions taken for that address relative to any other VLAN IVL is suitable when two or more VLANs are connected by a bridge switch or there are duplicate MAC addresses on different VLANs Reset Sddress Table Mode Address Table Made owl mode Cancel Apply Parameter Default Description Reset Address SVL Specify the address table mode to be SVL or IVL Table Mode WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 173 5 7 4 Configuring IGMP Snooping This option is displayed on Device Control Menu for Layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 and on Protocol Configuration Menu under Device Control Menu gt IP Menu for Layer 3 mode of WGS3 2620 or WGS3 404 Multicasting is used to support real time applications such as video conferencing or streaming
20. Changes Description Device priority is used in selecting the root device root port and designated port The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device However if all devices have the same priority the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device The time interval in seconds at which the root device transmits a configuration message The maximum time in seconds a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure The maximum time in seconds the root device will wait before changing states i e listening to learning to forwarding The minimum interval between the transmission of consecutive Configuration BPDUs The priority and MAC address of the device in the Spanning Tree that this switch has accepted as the root device The path cost from the root port on this switch to the root device The number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root This switch communicates with the root device through this port If there is no root port then this switch has been accepted as the root device of the Spanning Tree network The number of times the Spanning Tree has been reconfigured Topology Up Time The time since the Spanning Tree was last reconfigured WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 103 4 6 3 2 Displaying the Current Spanning Tree Port information The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for spanning tr
21. It takes to transmit a link state update packet over this virtual link Range 0 3600 seconds The number of seconds between retransmitting link state advertisements to the router at the other end on the virtual link This value is also used when retransmitting database descriptions and link state request packets Range 0 3600 seconds The interval in seconds between sending Hello packets out the router interface Range 1 65535 seconds The number of seconds that a router s Hello packets have not been seen before the router at the other end of the virtual link is declared down This should be a multiple of the Hello interval Range 1 65535 seconds Authentication can be used to ensure that routing information comes from a valid source The options include none or a simple password A simple password must be provided if authentication is enabled An authentication string is case sensitive and can be up to 16 characters WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 192 5 7 5 2 4 Configuring BOOTP DHCP Relay If a DHCP BOOTP server is not located in the same subnet with a host you can configure this switch to forward any host configuration queries to a server located on another subnet or on another network Depending on the configuration setup the switch either Forwards the packet to a preferred server as defined in the switch configuration using unicast routing or Broadcasts the DHCP Request again to another directly attached IP
22. Monitor Henu System Restart Menu Exit this user interface program Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 131 Chapter 5 Web Interface 5 1 Web Based Configuration and Monitoring As well as the menu driven system configuration program this switch provides an embedded HTTP Web agent Using a Web browser you can configure the switch and view statistics to monitor network activity The Web agent can be accessed by any computer on the network using Internet Explorer 4 0 or above Web browser NOTE Current firmware version does not support Netscape Navigator Prior to accessing the switch from a Web browser be sure you have first performed the following tasks 1 Configure it with a valid IP address subnet mask and default gateway for Layer 2 mode using an out of band serial connection Provide a default gateway for Layer 2 operation of WGS3 2620 or a default route for WGS3 2620 multilayer operation and WGS3 404 see 4 5 6 5 Configuring the Default Route 2 Set a user name and password using an out of band serial connection see 4 4 4 User Login Configuration Access to the Web agent is controlled by the same user name and password as the on board configuration program NOTE Ifthe path between your management station and this switch does not pass through any device that uses the Spanning Tree Algorithm then you can set the switch port attached to your ma
23. Multiple Collisions Late Collisions Carrier Sense Errors Fragments Jabbers subnetwork unicast address including those that were discarded or not sent The total number of packets that higher level protocols requested be transmitted to a non unicast that is a subnetwork broadcast or subnetwork multicast address including those that were discarded or not sent The number of outbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being transmitted One possible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer space The number of outbound packets that could not be transmitted because of errors Number of Ethernet Cyclic Redundancy Check errors detected by this device The number of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by exactly one collision A count of frames for which the first transmission attempt on a particular interface is delayed because the medium was busy The number of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive collisions The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to lack of resources Number of octets passing through this port A count of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by more than one collision The number of times that a collision is detected later than 512 bit times into the transmission of a packet The number of times that the carrier sense
24. RFC 1157 SNMP v1 v2 Management RFC 1213 MIB Il RFC 1493 Bridge MIB RFC 1643 Ethernet MIB RFC 1724 RIP v2 MIB HFC 1757 RMON 4 groups stats history Alarms amp Events Protocols and IEEE 802 3 Ethernet Standards IEEE 802 3u Fast Ethernet IEEE 802 32 802 3ab Gigabit Ethernet WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 9 IEEE 802 3x Flow Control IEEE 802 1p QoS priority IEEE 802 1Q VLAN tag IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol RFC 768 UDP RFC 783 TFTP RFC 791 IP RFC 792 ICMP RFC 826 ARP RFC 854 Telnet RFC 1058 RIP RFC 1122 Host Requirements RFC 1256 ICMP Router Discover Protocol RFC 1519 CIDR RFC 1583 OSPF version 2 RFC 1723 RIP v2 RFC 1812 IP Router Requirement RFC 2068 HTTP RFC 2131 DHCP Relay RFC 2236 IGMPv2 DVMRP Environment Specification Power 65 watts 220 BTU Consumption Humidity WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual ae Chapter 2 Installing the Switch Before installing the switch verify that you have all the items listed under Package Contents Also be sure you have all the necessary tools and cabling before installing the switch Note that this switch can be installed on any suitably large flat surface or in a standard EIA 19 inch rack After installing the switch refer to the following chapter to set up its more advanced features such as Spanning Tree Protocol or VLAN port groups 2 1 Package Contents This package includes e WGS3 404 or WGS3 2620 e Quick Installation Guide e Rack mount bracket
25. Routing Table contains all the IP multicast routes learned by the DVMRP protocol The routes displayed in this table are used by this switch to forward new IP multicast traffic They do not reflect active multicast flows Source Address 192 166 1 0 197 165 3 U 197 165B 4 U Page 1 gt Use lt TAD DWHEP Routing Table Hask Upstream Mbr Interface Metric Up Time 2d 192 168 1 254 1 1 divs zd 192 168 3 250 I 1 E l4 197 16B 4 254 3 1 4137 zApply Total Pages lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt The page number READ WRITE or arcow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Source Address Subnet Mask Upstream Nbr Intf Metric Up Time Description The IP subnetwork at the root of the multicast delivery tree This subnetwork contains a known multicast source Subnet mask that is used for the source address This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets The IP address of the network device immediately upstream for this multicast delivery tree The IP interface on this switch that connects to the upstream neighbor See 4 6 6 1 Displaying Subnet Information The metric for this interface used to calculate distance vectors The time elapsed since this entry was created NOTE To scroll through the table use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then select Apply WGS3 L
26. Table Area ID Type Link State ID Router ID SH Age 192 168 1 0 Rr 5A 192 158 1 2754 192 158 1 254 Ux80000002 1025 Parameter Description Area Identity An OSPF area identifier configured for a group of OSPF routers Type The link state advertisement type RtrLSA Router LSA All area routers advertise the state of links from the router itself to the its local area NetLSA Network LSA The designated router for each area advertises the link state for each transit area i e an area with more than one attached router This LSA includes information about each router attached to the area including the designated router itself SumLSA Summary LSA Advertise the cost to a specific subnetwork outside the router s area or the cost to a specific autonomous system boundary router ExtLSA External LSA Advertises link state information for each known network outside the autonomous system Link State ID The identifier for the router originating this entry usually in the form of an IP address Router ID The IP address of the originating router Sequence No The link state sequence number used to remove previous duplicate LSAs Age The number of seconds since this LSA was originated 5 8 6 5 3 Displaying the Neighbor Table Each router exchanges link state information with all neighbors physically attached to the same network segment This table displays a summary of the link state for all adjacent neighbors Note that neighboring
27. Table DVMRP Neighbor Table Description Displays all active multicast groups including the multicast IP address and the corresponding VLANs See 4 6 5 IP Multicast Registration Table Displays all active multicast groups including the IP interface each entry appears on the entry age and the time left before the entry is aged out Displays all active multicast groups including the multicast source address the upstream neighbor the multicast routing protocol and the entry age Displays the source address for each known multicast service the upstream neighbor the IP interface each entry appears on the routing metric and the entry age Displays all the neighbor routers accessible through each IP interface including the entry age the time left before the entry is aged out the protocol version and the number of routing updates received from each neighboring router WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 116 4 6 6 4 1 Displaying IGMP Registration Table The switch provides a local registry of active multicast groups for each IP interface including the age and expiration time for each entry IHF Cache Group Address Intf Reporter Up Time Empire Wil Timer 2341 7 58 95 1 did 1 10 19 4200 37300 i Page Y lt Apply gt Total 0 Pages a i lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt The page number READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 117 Parame
28. The following figure and table describe bridge configuration for STA GMRP GVRP priority threshold and address aging time Bridge Configuration Spanning Tree Enabled GMRP Disabled Bridge Priority 02708 GVRP Disabled Hello Time seconds poo Priority Threshold 4 Forward Delay seconds TE Aging Time seconds 200 seconds Maximum Age seconds 20 Apply Cancel Parameter Default Description Spanning Tree Enabled Enable this parameter to participate in a STA compliant network Bridge Priority 932 768 Bridge priority is used in selecting the root device root port and designated port The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device However if all devices have the same priority the device WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 163 Hello Time 2 Forward Delay 15 Max Message 20 Age GMRP GVRP Disabled Disabled with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device Enter a value from 0 65535 Remember that the lower the numeric value the higher the priority Time interval in seconds at which the root device transmits a configuration message The minimum value is 1 The maximum value is the lower of 10 or Max Message Age 2 1 The maximum time in seconds the root device will wait before changing states that is listening to learning to forwarding This delay is required because every device must receive information about topology ch
29. User s Manual 134 The following is the web interface of WGS3 404 Y 26 taehon Layer 3 Gejatet Ethernet Swatch Serre Enternet Explorer M Fle Edt Yew Febe Too Help EJ z m 2 z ah ib Search e Pevortes i ptistory Ey ad iin id 1 0 254 gt PLANET TN amp Mai Viena IE urhem G M 2 zr E i Airit Laver 2 Cigar Ethemet E Dewees Control ose Liescnptson ra switch E jetpack system Object ID L36 14 110456 1 437 System Up Time Od 4h 28 mm SEs system Hame System Contact System Location Cancal Apply Tent Conmect to User Interface Support Send mal to bechrecal support Contact Contact io Web Page a Doe If this is your first time to access the management agent you should define a new Administrator name and password record it and put it in a safe place Select Mgt Setup User Cfg from the Main Menu and then enter a new name and password for the Administrator Note that user names and passwords can consist of up to 11 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive NOTE Your are allowed three attempts to enter the correct password on the third failed attempt the current connection is terminated WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 135 5 2 2 Configuration Options Configurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop down list Once a configuration change has been made on a page be sure to click on the Apply button at the bottom of the page to confirm the
30. addresses for all protocol traffic Multilayer Switching based on MAC addresses will be used for all non IP protocol traffic and routing will be used for all IP protocol traffic NOTE When the switch is set to multilayer mode the IP menus are enabled and the IP Configuration Layer 2 Mode menu is disabled When operating in multilayer mode you should configure an IP interface for each VLAN that needs to communicate with any device outside of the VLAN See Subnet Configuration WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 38 4 5 2 Layer 2 Menu The Layer 2 menu contains options for port configuration port mirroring port trunking and static unicast multicast address configuration These menu options are described in the following sections Layer 2 Henu Port Configuration AR Mirrnr Port Configuration Port Trunking Configuration Static Unicast Addresse Configuration Static Multicast Address Configuration UR Change the ayatem port configuration Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Menu Description Port Configuration Enables any port enables disables flow control and sets communication mode to auto negotiation full duplex or half duplex Mirror Port Configuration Sets the source and target ports for mirroring Port Trunking Configuration Specifies ports to group into aggregate trunks Static Unicast Address Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the u
31. advanced state short of beginning adjacency establishment Note that both the Designated Router and Backup Designated Router are selected from the set of neighbors in state 2 Way or greater ExStart This is the first step in creating an adjacency between the two neighboring routers The goal of this step is to decide which router is the master and to decide upon the initial sequence number Neighbor conversations in this state or greater are called adjacencies Exchange The router is describing its entire link state database by sending database description packets to the neighbor Each database description packet has a sequence number and is explicitly acknowledged All adjacencies in Exchange state or greater are used by the flooding procedure In fact these adjacencies are fully capable of transmitting and receiving all types of OSPF routing protocol packets Loading Link State Request packets are sent to the neighbor asking for more recent advertisements that have been discovered but not yet received in the Exchange state Full The neighboring routers are fully adjacent These adjacencies will now appear in router links and network links advertisements The number of events encountered that cause a neighbor state change since boot up WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 127 4 6 6 5 4 Displaying the Virtual Neighbor Table Virtual links can be used to link an area isolated from the backbone to create a redundant link bet
32. and expansion modules used in the switch WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual Na 4 3 1 Displaying System Information Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the switch or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table Syetem Information System Description 74426 Layer 3 Fast Gigabit Ethernet Switch Syatem Object ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 10455 1 467 Syetem Up Time 460957 0 day 1 hr 16 min 49 sec System Hame O System Contact System Location Apply DK gt Cancel The name of this system READ SWRITE Use lt TAR gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description System Description System hardware description System Object ID MIB II object identifier for switch s network management subsystem System Up Time Length of time the current management agent has been running Note that the first value is centiseconds System Name Name assigned to the switch system System Contact Contact person for the system System Location Specifies the area or location where the system resides Maximum string length is 99 but the screen only displays 45 characters You can use the arrow keys to browse the whole string WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 18 4 3 2 Displaying Switch Version Information Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware firmware version numbers for the main board as well as the fan power stat
33. and operation of the MAC address learning process with the same MAC address table for all VLANs If an individual MAC Address is learned in one VLAN that learned information is used in forwarding decisions taken for that address relative to all other VLANs SVL is suitable when you need to have asymmetric VLANs Under normal circumstances a pair of devices communicating in a VLAN environment will both send and receive using the same VLAN However there are some circumstances in which it is convenient to make use of two distinct VLANs one used for A to transmit to B the other used for B to transmit to A IVL Configuration and operation of the MAC address learning process with difference MAC address table for all VLANs If a given individual MAC Address is learned in one VLAN that learned information is not used in forwarding decisions taken for that address relative to any other VLAN IVL is suitable when two or more VLANs are connected by a bridge switch or there are duplicate MAC addresses on different VLANs VLAH Menu Reset Address Table Mode Reset Address Table Mode SVL xRestart xCancel Restart system with the Address Table Mode settings READ SSELECT Use TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options Parameter Default Description Reset Address SVL Specify the address table mode to be SVL or IVL Table Mode WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 57 4 5 5 Configuring IGMP Snooping This option is di
34. audio A multicast server does not have to establish a separate connection with each client It merely broadcasts its service to the network and any hosts which want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast switch router Although this approach reduces the network overhead required by a multicast server the broadcast traffic must be carefully pruned at every multicast switch router it passes through to ensure that traffic is only passed on to the hosts which subscribed to this service This switch uses IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol Snooping to monitor any attached hosts which want to receive a specific multicast service It looks up the IP Multicast Group used for this service and adds any port which received a similar request to that group You can use the IGMP Snooping Configuration screen to configure multicast filtering shown below IGMP Snooping Configuration IGMP Snooping Status Disabled IGMP Router Timeout Minutes b IGMP Group Timeout Minutes Bo Act as IGMP Querier Disabled Apply Cancel WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 174 Parameter IGMP Snooping Status IGMP Router Timeout IGMP Group Timeout Act as IGMP Querier Default Disabled Disabled Description If enabled the switch will monitor network traffic to determine which hosts want to receive multicast traffic This is also referred to as IGMP Snooping A switch port that stops receiving
35. buzzer 2 2 3 Rear Panel of WGS3 2620 and WGS3 404 The rear panel of WGS3 2620 and WGS3 404 has a power connector a Buzzer button and a console port The following picture shows their rear panel WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual M Console Buzzer Button Power Port Function This is where you will connect the AC power cord 100 240VAC is allowed Console This is where you will connect to the RS 232 serial port on your PC for configuring the management function discussed in Chapter 3 NOTE To depress the Buzzer button will change the reaction of the buzzer If the button is set to on the buzzer will ring as the system is under the status of overheat Set to off the buzzer will not work even if the system overheats 2 2 4 Module Hardware Description WGS3 404 provides 4 slots for optional Gigabit copper and fiber module The following picture show that front panel of gigabit expansion module 2 2 4 1 Panel Description WGSW C1GT Module Status LEDs WGSW C1SX Module Status LEDs Mbps FDX COL ACT T 1000 _ 1000Mbps _ 1000Base SX O 100 C uli O ACT O O C FDXCOL IG WGSW C1GT 10 100 1000Base T wosw cisx IX RX 2 2 4 2 WGSW C1GT LED Definition Color Function 1000 Green Lights to indicate that the Switch is sending or receiving data at 1000 Mbps aa Lights to indicate that the Switch is sending or receiving data at 100 Mbps Ligh
36. can be used to ensure that routing information comes from a valid Authentication Key Send Type Receive Type Default Metric Poison Reverse source A simple password must be provided if authentication is enabled An authentication string is case sensitive and can be up to 16 characters The protocol used for traffic sent out this port RIP1 Broadcast Route information is broadcast to other routers on the network using RIPv1 RIP2 Broadcast Route information is broadcast to other routers on the network using RIPv2 RIP2 Multicast Route information is multicast to other routers on the network using RIPv2 Do Not Send The switch will passively monitor route information advertised by other routers attached to the network The routing protocol messages accepted on this port includes RIP1 RIP2 RIP1 RIP2 or Do Not Receive A metric indicates the number of hops between the switch and the destination network The default metric is used for the default route in RIP updates originated on this interface A value of zero indicates that no default route should be originated in this case a default route via another router may be propagated Range 0 15 Directs routes back to an interface port from which they have been acquired but sets the distance vector metrics to infinity This is a method of preventing routing information from looping back to the source Note that Split Horizon is also enabled on th
37. condition was lost or never asserted when attempting to transmit a frame The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in length excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and had either an FCS or alignment error The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and had either an FCS or alignment error NOTES Statistics are refreshed every 10 seconds by default See 4 4 2 Configuring the Serial Port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 96 4 6 1 2 Displaying RMON Statistics Use the RMON Statistics screen to display key statistics for each port from RMON group 1 RMON groups 2 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP management software The following screen displays the overall statistics on traffic passing through each port RMON statistics provide access to a broad range of statistics including a total count of different frame types and sizes passing through each port Values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot HHUH Statistics Drop Evente D Jabhherg m Bytes 20423730 Collisions O Frames 18036 64 Byte Frames B591 Broadcast Frames DAA 65 127 Byte Frames 6829 Multicast Frames 17 98 120 255 Byte Frames 1384 CRC Aliqnments Errore d 56 511 Byte Frames o 727 Undersizec Frames 0 312 1023 Byte Frames 220 yergizre Frames i i 1024 1518 Byte Frames 165 Fragments O 1519 1536 B
38. default VLAN for the incoming port If the frame is tagged the switch uses the tagged VLAN ID to identify the broadcast domain of the frame Learning After VLAN classification the switch checks the source MAC address VLAN gt pair in the address table to see whether this pair is known If unknown the switch adds this pair to the address table If known the switch checks the pair for an incorrect Port ID If the PID associated with the pair in the address table is different from the receiving port the switch modifies the PID in the address table Filtering After learning the address the switch checks f the source or destination port is not in the forwarding state For example if it is in blocking state or has been disabled If the source or destination MAC address is to be filtered If the source PID is the same as the destination PID If any of these conditions are met the switch drops the received frame Otherwise it continues with the forwarding process as described below Forwarding During the forwarding process the switch checks whether the destination MAC address VLAN gt pair is unknown I unknown the switch floods the received frame to all ports in the VLAN excluding the source port If known the switch forwards the received frame to the port associated with the pair At the same time the switch decides whether a VLAN tag needs to be added to or stripped from the frame
39. fans is failed the standby fan will be drove to run and the Fan LED will light on NEM LM mer Ov tratos passing tounen on on 2 When the internal temperature is equal to or higher than 60 degree C the standby fan will be drove to run and the Temp LED will light on Once the temperature is equal to or higher than 70 degree C the buzzer will sound You can press the buzzer On Off button to turn off the buzzer 3 Use the Mode button to select LED display mode 2 2 2 Front Panel of WGS3 404 The front panel of the WGS3 404 has 4 RJ 45 ports for 10 100 1000 Mbps in the middle The port status LEDs are indicated at the left The expansion modules are situated at the right 2 2 2 1 Front Panel Description LEDs System LEDs 10 100 1000 Mbps ports Expansion Ports Base T wosw cist IX WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 5 2 2 2 2 Port Description Ports of Ports Description 10 100 1000 4 These RJ 45 ports support network speeds of 10 100 or 1000 Mbps and can operate in full duplex modes Expansion These ports provide for the installation of one or two expansion Ports modules that establish a Fast or Gigabit Ethernet connection Note You may install an 1000Base SX or 1000Base T expansion module and use fiber optic or category 5 cabling 2 2 2 3 LED Definition The LEDs indicate the status of 10 100 1000 Mbps Ethern
40. for a particular destination it should receive an ICMP Redirect from that router identifying a better one 6 2 5 Proxy ARP When a node in the attached subnetwork does not have routing or a default gateway configured ARP Proxy can be used to forward an ARP request to a remote subnetwork When the switch receives an ARP request for a remote network and ARP Proxy is enabled it determines if it has the best route to the remote network and then answers the ARP request by sending its own MAC address to the requesting node That node then sends traffic to the switch which in turn uses its own routing table to forward the traffic to the remote destination End stations that require Proxy ARP must view the entire network as a WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 224 single network These nodes must therefore use a smaller subnet mask than that used by the switch or other relevant network devices Note that extensive use of Proxy ARP can adversely affect the performance of the switch because it may lead to increased ARP traffic and increased search time for larger ARP address tables 6 2 6 Routing Protocols The switch supports both static and dynamic routing e Static routing requires routing information to be stored in the switch either manually or when a connection is set up by an application outside the switch Dynamic routing uses a routing protocol to exchange routing information calculate routing tables and respond to changes in t
41. from the Root Bridge If a bridge does not get a Hello BPDU after a predefined interval Maximum Age the bridge assumes that the link to the Root Bridge is down This bridge will then initiate negotiations with other bridges to reconfigure the network to reestablish a valid network topology The following figure gives an illustration of how the Spanning Tree Algorithm assigns bridging device ports WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 230 Designated Port Designated Part Foot Part Foot Fort e E Designated Part meme ree NU U ome aw P Designated Fort Designated Fart Root Port ES Ront Port y f Root Port A WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 234 6 2 Layer 3 Switching The two major functions provided by a Layer 3 switch include IP Switching and Routing Path Management When the switch is set to multilayer mode it acts as a routing switch with support for standard IP routing and the ability to pass traffic between VLANs as required However when the switch is first set to multilayer mode no default routing is defined As with all traditional routers the routing function must first be configured to work RIP 6 2 1 Initial Configuration In the default configuration all ports belong to the same virtual LAN and the switch provides only Layer 2 functionality So you should first group all the ports that belong to the same subnet into virtual LANs By separating the switch into d
42. information Shows hardware firmware version numbers power status and expansion modules used in the switch Management Setup Menu 1 Serial Port Configuration SNMP Configuration User Configuration TFTP Download Configuration File Device Control Menu 3 System Mode Layer 2 Menu Bridge Menu VLAN Menu IGMP Snooping Configuration IP Menu Security WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual Network Configuration Includes IP Configuration Ping facility and HTTP Web agent setup Sets communication parameters for the serial port including baud rate console time out and screen data refresh interval Activates authentication failure traps and configures community access strings and trap managers Sets the user names and passwords for system access Downloads new version of firmware to update your system in band Save or restores configuration data based on the specified file Sets the switch to operate as a Layer 2 switch or as a multilayer routing switch Configures port communication mode mirror ports port trunking and static unicast multicast address Configures GMRP and GVRP for the bridge and STA for the global bridge or for specific ports Configures VLAN settings for specific ports and defines the port membership for VLAN groups Configures IGMP multicast filtering Configures the subnets for each VLAN group global configuration for unicast and multicast protocols BOOTP DHCP relay
43. link state database that contains information received from all the other routers within the same area There are four types of Link State Advertisements LSA Router LSAs advertise area links known by the originator and are issued by all routers Network LSAs advertise transit areas through which traffic can be passed to reach other areas in the system Network LSAs contain information about all the routers that provide a link across the transit area and are issued by Designated Routers Summary LSAs are issued by Area Border Routers ABR and advertise routing information for a single subnetwork outside the ABR s area or for an Autonomous System Boundary Router ASBR External LSAs are issued by the ASBR and contain information about external networks outside the AS Virtual Links All areas within an Autonomous System must connect to the backbone In cases where an area cannot be physically connected to the backbone you can create a virtual link which crosses a transit area to reach the backbone Virtual links can only span one intermediate area to reach the backbone Virtual links can be used as a redundant link preventing partitioning from the backbone They can also be used to merge two separate backbone areas WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 23 To create a virtual link you must specify an Area Border Router ABR and a common transit area at both ends of the link page 2 61 or 3 46 One ABR will border on the target are
44. multicast protocol packets for this interval will be removed from the IGMP forwarding list Range 3 5 minutes The time between spotting an IGMP Report message for an IP multicast address on a specific port before the switch removes that entry from its list Range 3 5 minutes If enabled the switch can serve as the querier which is responsible for asking hosts if they want to receive multicast traffic 1 This item is only displayed for Layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 For WGS3 404 and multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 the full IGMP protocol set is automatically enabled disabled along with DVMRP See 6 4 Multicast Filtering and 4 5 6 1 5 Configuring DVMRP 2 This item is only displayed for Layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 When IGMP is enabled for WGS3 404 and multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 the switch will always serve as the querier if elected WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 175 5 7 5 Configuring IP Settings If this switch is WGS3 404 or WGS3 2620 in multilayer mode the IP Menu will be displayed Use this menu to configure the IP subnets for each VLAN on your switch the unicast and multicast routing protocols static ARP entries static IP routes and the default IP route Parameter Subnet Configuration Protocol Configuration Static ARP Configuration Static Route Default Route Description IP Subnet Configuration Specifies the IP interface for VLANs configured on this switch including the subn
45. new setting The following table summarizes the Web page configuration buttons Web Page Configuration Buttons Button Action Apply Sets specified values in the SNMP agent Cancel Cancels specified values prior to pressing the Apply button Refresh Immediately updates values from the SNMP agent NOTE 1 To ensure proper screen refresh be sure that Internet Explorer 5 0 is configured as follows Under the menu Tools Internet Options General Temporary Internet Files Settings the setting for item Check for newer versions of stored pages should be Every visit to the page NOTE 2 When using Internet Explorer 5 0 you may have to manually refresh the screen after making configuration changes by pressing the browser s refresh button WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 136 5 3 Panel Display The Web agent displays an image of the switch s ports showing port links and activity Clicking on the image of a port displays statistics and configuration information for the port Clicking on the image of the serial port labeled Mgmt for WGS2 2620 only displays the Console Configuration screen Clicking on any other part of the front panel displays Displaying Switch Version Information M grat Link Lip Link Down Mode Active y ele ele o e els eo els e es ls el G Oe ee ee ee 5 3 1 Port State Display Click on any port to display a summary or port status as shown below as well as Etherlike statis
46. not attached to the network Port Mirroring A method whereby data on a target port is mirrored to a monitor port for troubleshooting with a logic analyzer or RMON probe This allows data on the target port to be studied unobtrusively Port Trunk Defines a network link aggregation and trunking method which specifies how to create a single high speed logical link that combines several lower speed physical links Remote Monitoring RMON RMON provides comprehensive network monitoring capabilities It eliminates the polling required in standard SNMP and can set alarms on a variety of traffic conditions including specific error types WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 258 Routing Information Protocol RIP The RIP protocol attempts to find the shortest route to another device by minimizing the distance vector or hop count which serves as a rough estimate of transmission cost RIP 2 is a compatible upgrade to RIP It adds useful capabilities for subnet routing authentication and multicast transmissions Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP The application protocol offering network management services in the Internet suite of protocols Serial Line Internet Protocol SLIP Serial Line Internet Protocol a standard protocol for point to point connections using serial lines Spanning Tree Protocol STP A technology that checks your network for any loops A loop can often occur in complicated or back up linked networ
47. one of the subnet IP interfaces configured on this switch See 5 7 5 1 Subnet Configuration The IP route type for the destination network This switch supports the following types Direct A directly connected subnetwork Indirect A remote IP subnetwork or host address A relative measure of the path cost from this switch to the destination network This value depends on the specific routing protocol WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 197 5 7 5 5 Configuring the Default Route Defines the router to which this switch will forward all traffic for unknown networks The default route can be learned from RIP protocol or manually configured If the switch does not contain a default route any packet that does not match an entry in the routing table will be dropped To manually configure a default route enter the next hop in the following table Default Route VLAN Next Hop Address 12 1 10 254 Metric fi Apply Delete Cancel Parameter Description VLAN The VLAN which has the IP interface to the default router Next Hop The IP address of the default router Address Metric The number of hops required to reach the default router WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 198 5 7 6 Configuring Security Filters You can use the Security menu to filter MAC and IP addresses Parameter Description MAC Filtering Specifies the source or destination MAC address for any traffic to be filtered from the Confi
48. only exchanged between adjacent neighbors Designated Router A Designated Router DR and Backup Designated Router BDR are selected by WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 236 the OSPF protocol for each area The Designated Router exchanges routing information with all other routers in its area and then floods Link State Advertisements LSAs to each router allowing them to update their database This eliminates the need for each router to exchange information with every other router in its area The OSPF protocol selects the DR and BDR based on the router with the highest priority or highest Router ID in case of a tie Area Border Router An Area Border Router ABR must be configured between each area and the backbone An ABR should be configured with an IP interface that connects directly to both the backbone and the area on which it borders However if an area is not physically connected to the backbone you can configure a virtual link that crosses a neighboring area to reach the backbone Just define an ABR 1 e virtual neighbor on the boundary between the isolated area and transit area as well as an ABR on the boundary between the transit area and the backbone An ABR can be situated between one or more areas but we advise limiting the maximum number of areas supported by a single ABR to three You can also define a virtual link as a backup path between an ABR and the backbone Area Range An ABR maintains a separate ro
49. or the default route Enables or disables the OSPF routing protocol The Advanced menu organizes an autonomous system into normal stub or not so stubby areas configures a range of subnet addresses for which link state advertisements can be aggregated and configures virtual links for areas that do not have direct physical access to the OSFP backbone to add redundancy or to merge backbone areas Enables or disables BOOTP DHCP Relay The Advanced menu defines the preferred servers or the outbound subnetworks for broadcasting a BOOTP DHCP request Enables or disables IGMP Snooping The Advanced menu sets the timeout for inactive multicast ports or for specific multicast flows when there are no longer any clients Enables or disables the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol NOTE Once RIP and DVMRP have been enabled globally you can enable or disable them for any specific subnet via the Subnet Configuration menu WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 185 5 7 5 1 Subnet Configuration 5 7 5 2 1 Setting the ARP Timeout You can use the following configuration screen to modify the aging time for dynamically learned entries in the ARP cache ARP Configuration ARP Timeout Minutes 2n Cancel Apply Parameter Default Description ARP Timeout 20 minutes The time that dynamically learned entries are retained in the ARP cache Range 0 999 minutes where 0 disables aging 5 7 5 2 2 Setting the RIP Advertisement Policy
50. port as shown below Layer Z Heng Mirror Port Configuration Port Mirroring ENABLED Tramnmzmissinn Path Mirrored Forts Tx J E HH 3 A Monitor Fort Tx 2 Monitor Port Bx 2 Apply 0K gt JA d gt Aa current screen setting Use lt TABD gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description Port Mirroring Enables or disables the mirror function Mirrored Ports Tx Rx The port whose transmitted or received traffic will be mirrored Press Add to specify mirrored ports Monitor Port The port that will duplicate the transmitted or received traffic appearing on the mirrored port NOTE You can mirror multiple ports to a single port to view traffic on WGS3 2620 However note that some packets may be dropped for moderate to heavy loading WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 41 4 5 2 3 Configuring Port Trunks Ports can be combined into an aggregate link to increase the bandwidth of a network connection or ensure fault recovery You can configure trunks between any two switches The ports on this switch can be grouped into a trunk consisting of two four or eight ports creating an aggregate bandwidth to 400 800 1600 4000 or 8000 Mbps when operating at full duplex Besides balancing the load across each port in the trunk the additional ports provide redundancy by taking over the load if another port in the trunk should fail However before making any physical connections between devices use the P
51. provide backup links between switches bridges or routers This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices that is an STA compliant switch bridge or router in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network and provide backup links that automatically take over when a primary link goes down For a more detailed description of how to use this algorithm refer to Spanning Tree Algorithm on Chapter Advanced Topics Fridge Hero Hridge Configuration 5panniri Tree Port Configuration T DK gt Change the bridge configuration Use lt TAB or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Menu Description Bridge Configuration Contains global bridge settings for STA including bridge priority hello time forward delay maximum message age GMRP GVRP traffic class priority threshold and address aging time Spanning Tree Port Contains STA settings for individual ports including port priority path cost and Configuration fast forwarding WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 46 4 5 3 1 Configuring Global Bridge Settings The following figure and table describe bridge configuration for STA GMRP GVRP priority threshold and address aging time Bridge Menu Bridge Configuration Spanning Tree MAP DISABLED Bridge Priority 32768 PYRE DISABLED Hello Time in amp g amp econds 2 Priority Threshold 4 Forward Delay in seconde 15 Aging Time in sg
52. routers are discovered by this device via Hello messages OSPF Neighbor Table IP Address ID Router ID Option Priority State Events 142 160 4254 T 142 160 4254 3 1 FULL b Parameter Description IP Address IP address of the neighboring router ID The index number of the router interface to which this neighbor is attached For IP protocol this value will always be zero Router ID The OSPF identifier for the neighboring router WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 223 Option Priority State Events The optional OSPF capabilities supported by the neighbor The neighbor s optional OSPF capabilities are also listed in its Hello packets This enables received Hellos to be rejected i e neighbor relationships will not even start to form if there is a mismatch in certain crucial OSPF capabilities The OSPF optional capabilities currently accepted include external routing capability and TOS capability You need to map the binary bits to the supported options For example 3 indicates both routing capability and TOS capability The neighbor s router priority This priority is used in electing the designated router for the area in which it exists This value will be set to zero if this router cannot be elected The communication state for two adjacent routers Down This is the initial state of a neighbor conversation It indicates that there has been no recent information received from the neighbor Attempt This state is only
53. s Cancel Apply Parameter Default Description Management Mode Console Mode Indicates that the port settings are for direct console connection Baud Rate 19200 The rate at which data is sent between devices Options 9600 19200 and 38400 baud Data Bits 8 bits Sets the data bits of the RS 232 port Options 7 8 Stop Bits 1 bit Sets the stop bits of the RS 232 port Options 1 2 Parity none Sets the parity of the RS 232 port Options none odd even Time Out 0 minutes If no input is received from the attached device after this interval the current session is automatically closed Range 0 100 minutes where 0 indicates disabled Auto Refresh 10 second Sets the interval before a console session will auto refresh the console information such as Spanning Tree Information Port Configuration Port Statistics and RMON Statistics Range 0 or 5 255 seconds where 0 indicates disabled WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 139 5 4 Main Menu Using the on board Web agent you can define system parameters manage and control the switch and all its ports or monitor network conditions The interface screen includes the menu tree on the left side and a list of commands beneath the image of the switch The following table briefly describes the selections available from this program Menu Description System Information Menu System Information Switch Information Provides basic system description including contact
54. static ARP table entries static routes and the default route Restrict access through MAC address or IP address 140 Jumbo Packet Menu Network Monitor Menu Port Statistics Layer 2 Address Table Bridge Menu VLAN Menu IP Multicast Registration Table IP Menu Restart System Menu Allows the switch to send jumbo packet up to 9k Displays statistics on network traffic passing through the selected port including information from the Interfaces Group Ethernet link MIB and RMON MIB Contains the unicast address table Displays Spanning Tree information for the overall bridge and for specified ports Displays dynamic port registration information for VLANs as well as all VLAN forwarding information for static and dynamic assignment Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch including the multicast IP addresses and corresponding VLANs Displays all the IP subnets used on this switch as well as the corresponding VLANs and ports Also contains the ARP table routing table and multicast table Restarts the system with options to reload factory defaults 1 Only displays when the WGS3 2620 is set to Layer 2 mode 2 Only displays when WGS3 2620 is set to multilayer mode and WGS3 404 3 Only displays when using WGS3 2620 4 Only displays when using WGS3 404 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 141 5 5 System Information Menu Use the System Information Menu to display a basic d
55. subnet specified in the switch configuration Specify the address for any DHCP server or specify the subnet address for an outbound IP interface already configured on this switch WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 193 5 7 5 1 Subnet Configuration as described in the following screens Index Server Address i E dit 10 123 JH 192 168 10 5 d Index Server Address Add Delete Cancel Parameter Description Index Server Used to define any preferred DHCP servers or the outbound subnetwork for Address relaying a DHCP request broadcast Up to five entries are permitted WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 194 5 7 5 3 Static ARP Configuration Use the following screen to display or edit entries in the Static ARP Table Entries added to this table are retained until the associated IP interface is deleted or the switch is reset to the factory defaults IP Address MAC Address Interface E dit 192 16 1 50 12 24 56 12 24 56 1 F IP Address MAC Address Interface Add Delete Cancel Parameter Description IP Address IP address statically mapped to a physical MAC address MAC Address MAC address statically mapped to the corresponding IP address Interface The index number of the IP interface that will use this static ARP entry See 5 7 5 1 Subnet Configuration or 5 8 6 IP Menu WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 195 5 7 5 4 Static Route Configuration This switch can be configured to d
56. system 5 5 2 1 WGS3 2620 Switch Information Hardware Version ROL Firmware Version v1 01 Serial Number 00 50 14 F 15 E6 40 Number of Ports 26 Power Status Active 31 LOOOMBase T 32 LOOUMBase T Parameter Description Hardware Version Hardware version of the main board Firmware Version System firmware version in ROM Serial Number Serial number of the main board Number of Ports Number of ports on this switch Power Status Power status for the switch Fan Power Status Shows if power to the fan is active or inactive G1 G2 Show Connected type of G1 and G2 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 143 5 5 2 2 WGS3 404 ManBoard 00 Hardware Version ROL Firmware Version VOb1 Seria Number 00 10 65 45 95 50 Port Number o Packet Memory Size BI Parameter Description Hardware Version Hardware version of the main board Firmware Version System firmware version in ROM Serial Number The serial number MAC address of the main board Port Number Number of ports on this switch Packet Memory Size Shows memory size for packet buffer It is always 6M bytes WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 144 5 6 Management Setup Menu After initially logging onto the system you can use this menu to configure access rights You should set user names and passwords User Configuration Remember to record them in a safe place You should also set the community string which controls access to the on board SNMP
57. table for MAC addresses Bridge Menu Displays Spanning Tree Bridge and Port information VLAN Menu Displays dynamic port registration information for VLANs as well as all VLAN forwarding information for static and dynamic assignment IP Multicast Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch including the Registration Table multicast IP addresses and corresponding VLANs IP Menu Displays all the IP subnets used on this switch as well as the corresponding VLANs and ports Also contains the ARP table routing table and multicast table System Restart Restarts the system with options to reload factory defaults Menu Exit Exits the configuration program 1 Only displays on WGS3 2620 when it is set to Layer 2 mode 2 Only displays on WGS3 404 and WGS3 2620 when it is set to multilayer mode 3 Only displays on WGS3 2620 4 Only displays on WGS3 404 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 16 4 3 System Information Menu Use the System Information Menu to display a basic description of the switch including contact information and hardware firmware versions Syetem Information Menu Syatem Information Switch Infarmation DK gt Dbisplay System Information Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select _ Menu Description System Information Provides basic system description including contact information Switch Information Shows hardware firmware version numbers power status
58. the Layer 3 switching database 6 2 4 ICMP Router Discovery Before a host can send IP datagrams beyond its directly attached subnet it must discover the address of at least one operational router on that subnet Typically this can be accomplished by reading a list of one or more router addresses from a configuration file at start up time On multicast links some hosts also discover router addresses by listening to routing protocol traffic The ICMP Router Discovery message is an alternative router discovery method that uses a pair of ICMP messages on multicast links It eliminates the need to manually configure router addresses and is independent of any specific routing protocol ICMP Router Discovery messages are called Router Advertisements and Router Solicitations Each router periodically multicasts a Router Advertisement from each of its multicast interfaces announcing the IP address es of that interface Hosts discover the addresses of their neighboring routers simply by listening for advertisements When a host attached to a multicast link starts up it may multicast a Router Solicitation to ask for immediate advertisements rather than waiting for the subsequent periodic ones to arrive Router Discovery messages do not constitute a routing protocol they enable hosts to discover the existence of neighboring routers but not which router provides a route to a particular destination If a host chooses a poor first hop router
59. the address The information displayed in the Address Table is indicated in the following figure and table Layer 2 Menu lUnicast Address Table Addrege Port Addres Port DO DU B43 30 27 FC l DO DUI E4 5D E9 EF BD 00 84 91 58 CF 1 00 00 14 A7 F2 3D 1 DU0 00 B4 A7 F3 71 1 00 00 B4 A7 FA 5 1 Dp DO E4 A8 DA D5 I DO 04 AC 9 6 C08 1D n 30 4F D0 T amp 523 1 00 10 4F 08 FB E0 1 DO 30 4E 06 30 Bb8 1 D 31 0 4F B b Di 1 D 30 4F DB 3B D1 l to 40 4F 0E FE bA I 100 310 4F 0B 31 539 1 00 40 54 02 06 XHE 1 00 48 54 12 67 39 i 00 50 54 86 5C 60 1 DU 60 57 17 nDU 7H l DOU 600 EO0 F3 DF 1F UD AU CS5 17 I3 ARE 1 UD AU CC GSb5 725 14A 1 n AU CC D5 DF 9 1 00 20 02 11 25 60 1 Page i cApply Total T Pages 241 e Hest Page gt Prev Page gt Return to previous panel Wee lt TAB gt or arrow keyg to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description Address The MAC address of a node seen on this switch Port The port whose address table includes this MAC address NOTE Use the lt Next Page gt and lt Prev Page gt buttons to scroll through the address table To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press lt Apply gt WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 100 4 6 3 Displaying Bridge Information The Bridge menu is used to display settings for the Spanning Tree Algorithm For a more detailed description of how to use this algorithm refer to 6 1 38
60. this switch Port Port entries may be marked as S Adds port as a static entry P Adds port as a static entry and sets the port s PVID to this VLAN ID NOTE Use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons to scroll through the table To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press Apply To modify a VLAN highlight the entry in the table and press Enter To add a new VLAN press Add WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 65 4 5 6 1 3 Modifying an IP Interface To modify an IP interface first highlight the IP address in the Subnet Configuration menu and then press Enter The Modify Subnet screen is nearly the same as the Add Subnet screen However it also includes an Advanced option that allows you to configure the unicast and multicast routing protocols as described in the following sections Modify Subnet IP Address 10 0 0 254 Subnet Mask 255 0 0 0 Proxy ARP DISABLED RIP DISABLED OSPF DISABLED DVHEP DISABLED Delete Apply VLAH ID Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to more Select Advanced Advanced Advanced lt OK gt Cancel READ WRITE other keys to make changes WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 66 4 5 6 1 4 Configuring RIP The Routing Information Protocol is used to specify how routers exchange routing table information See RIP and RIP 2 Dynamic Routing Protocols on Chapter Advanced Topics When RIP is enabled on this
61. thus confining broadcast traffic to the originating group This also provides a more secure and cleaner network environment For more information on how to use VLANs see 6 3 Virtual LANs The VLAN configuration screens are described in the following sections 5 7 3 1 VLAN Port Configuration You can use the VLAN Port Configuration screen to configure GARP the default VLAN identifier default port priority VLAN tagging on outgoing frames GVRP and GMRP status and filtering for incoming frames for VLAN groups this port does not belong to Port Number i GARP Configuration Teave Time Centiseconds Teave Al Time ONO Centkeconds VLAN and Priority por cM BYRE Enabled MRP Enabled Ingress Filtering Disabled y ens Apply Cancel Parameter Default Description GARP Group Address Registration Protocol is used by GVRP and GMRP to register or deregister client attributes for client services within a bridged LAN Join Time 20 The interval centiseconds between transmitting requests queries to participate in a group WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 168 Leave Time 60 The interval centiseconds a port waits before leaving a group This time should be set to more than twice the Join Time This ensures that after a Leave or LeaveAll message has been issued the applicants can re join before the port actually leaves the group Leave All Time 1000 The interval centiseconds between sending out a Lea
62. to the OSPF backbone Virtual links can also be used to provide a redundant link between contiguous areas to prevent areas from being partitioned or to merge backbone areas The OSPF global configuration consist a configuration page and a few sub menu OSPF Configuration Menu Router ID Selection STATIC INTE Router ID 192 168 1 254 AS Border Status Disabled RFC 1583 Compatibility Disabled Cancel Apply Parameter Default Description Router ID STATIC INTF Defines how the Router ID is determined There are three options Selection STATIC User can manual configure the Router ID STATIC INTF The VLAN 1 IP address will be used as Router ID ACTIVE INTE The first active interface will be used as Router ID Router ID VLAN 1 IP A 32 bit number assigned to each router running the OSPF protocol This number uniquely identifies the router within an Autonomous System RFC 1583 Disabled Enable or disable the compatibility to RFC 1583 OSPF version 2 Compatibility WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 187 Area ID Configuration OSPF Area Range Configuration OSPF Virtual Link Configuration Defines an area within which all OSPF routers actively exchange routing information to ensure that they all have an identical link state database Defines a range of subnetwork addresses An area range is used to summarize route information exchanged between Area Border Routers Defines a virtual link that can be use
63. traffic VLAN Forwarding Information VLAN Type Port Members l static 1234567891011 121314151617 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 A static 1 3 oetatic 2 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 212 5 8 5 IP Multicast Registration Table This table displays all the multicast groups active on the switch including the multicast IP address and the corresponding VLANs IP Multicast Registration Table VLAN Multicast IP Multicast Group Ports Learn By 1 234 7 5 99 2b IGMP Parameter Description VLAN A VLAN with host members that have asked to receive the indicated multicast service Multicast IP A source IP address that represents a specific multicast service Multicast Group The ports that belong to the indicated VLAN group Ports Learned By Shows if this entry was learned dynamically or via IGMP Snooping An entry is learned dynamically if a multicast packet was seen crossing the port or via IGMP Snooping if an IGMP registration packet was seen crossing the port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 213 5 8 6 IP Menu This menu contains IP subnets information the ARP cache routing table as well as multicast groups and multicast routing information Menu Subnet Information ARP Table Routing Table Multicast Table OSPF Table Description Displays all the IP subnets configured on this switch as well as the corresponding VLANs and ports Shows the IP to MAC addresses discovered by ARP Shows the routes through
64. tree and builds a routing table based on this information OSPF then utilizes IP multicast to propagate routing information A separate routing area scheme is also used to further reduce the amount of routing traffic You can use the following menu to specify the area identifier or other key routing parameters as described in the following table Subnet Configuration Modify OSPF Configuration Area ID LUMIMIUMI Router Priority A 1 Interface Cost 100 Transit Delay in seconds 1 Retransmit Interval in seconds 5 Hello Interval in seconds 10 Dead Interval in seconds 40 Poll Interval in seconds 120 Authentication Type HOHE Authentication Key HDS Eey Table Apply OK zCancel Area ID READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Default Area ID 0 0 0 0 Router Priority 1 Interface Cost 100 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual Description A 32 bit integer uniquely identifying an OSPF protocol broadcast area This identifier can be in the form of an IP address or integer Each port on the switch can be configured to represent one OSPF area You must first specify OSPF areas for global access in the Area ID Configuration menu before they can be used for a specific IP interface ID 0 0 0 0 is used for the OSPF backbone The priority used when selecting the designated router and designated backup router Range 0 255 Disable election 0 Explicitly sp
65. up WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 123 4 6 6 5 2 Displaying the Link State Table The link state table displays all advertisements in the link state database This database contains linkage information for all the areas to which this router is attached Note that all the routers within an area exchange information to ensure that they maintain an identical link state database This database can therefore be used to troubleshoot network configuration problems OSPF Link State Table Area Identity Type Link State Id Router ID Sequence Ho Age 0 0 0 0 RtrLsa 192 168 1 254 192 168 1 254 0x30000002 562 192 168 1 0 RtrLsa 192 168 1 254 192 168 1 254 0x30000003 516 Page Apply gt Total 1 ges 0K gt lt Prev Page lt Hext Page The page number READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 124 Parameter Area Identity Type Link State ID Router ID Sequence No Age Description An OSPF area identifier configured for a group of OSPF routers The link state advertisement type RtrLSA Router LSA All area routers advertise the state of links from the router itself to the its local area NetLSA Network LSA The designated router for each area advertises the link state for each transit area i e an area with more than one attached router This LSA includes information about each router attached to the area including the designated rout
66. valid for neighbors attached to non broadcast networks It indicates that no recent information has been received from the neighbor but that the router is attempting to contact the neighbor by sending Hello packets Init A Hello packet has recently been seen from the neighbor However bidirectional communication has not yet been established with the neighbor 2 Way Communication between the two routers has been established This is the most advanced state short of beginning adjacency establishment Note that both the Designated Router and Backup Designated Router are selected from the set of neighbors in state 2 Way or greater ExStart This is the first step in creating an adjacency between the two neighboring routers The goal of this step is to decide which router is the master and to decide upon the initial sequence number Neighbor conversations in this state or greater are called adjacencies Exchange The router is describing its entire link state database by sending database description packets to the neighbor Each database description packet has a sequence number and is explicitly acknowledged All adjacencies in Exchange state or greater are used by the flooding procedure In fact these adjacencies are fully capable of transmitting and receiving all types of OSPF routing protocol packets Loading Link State Request packets are sent to the neighbor asking for more recent advertisements that have been discovered but not yet
67. 0 82 xe Add Delete gt gt Parameter Description Trunk List The port groups currently configured as trunks New Setting The port groups that can still be configured as trunks To add a trunk highlight a port group in the New Setting list and press Add To delete a trunk highlight a port group in the Trunk List and press Delete Before disconnecting a port trunk take the following steps Before removing a port trunk via the configuration menu you must disable all the ports in the trunk or remove all the network cables Otherwise a loop may be created To disable a single link within a port trunk you should first remove the network cable and then disable both ends of the link via the configuration menu This allows the traffic passing across that link to be automatically distributed to the other links in the trunk without losing any significant amount of traffic WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 160 5 7 1 4 Static Unicast Address Table The Static Unicast Address Table can be used to assign the MAC address for a host device to a specific port on this switch Static unicast addresses are never aged out and cannot be learned by another port If any packets with a source address specified in this table enter another port they will be dropped The Static Unicast Address Table is described in the following figure and table Static Unicast Address Configuration MAC Address Port Edit 303030 303030 1 JP MAC Port
68. 000Base T and 1000Base SX modules WQGS3 2620 is with 24 port 10 100Mbps and 2 port 1000Mbps switches The 2 and four RJ 45 gigabit copper ports support 10 100 1000Mbps auto MDI MDI X detection that can directly connect to any Gigabit Ethernet Servers Switches L3 backbone with a straight Category 5 5e 8 wire UTP cable The wire speed switch engine provides up to 8 53 and 16Gbps switch fabric for L2 and L3 IP routing capability Up to 256 IP subnet L2 tagged VLAN are also available to segment the IP or MAC based networks IEEE802 1D Spanning Tree bridging Port mirroring and port trunking also support for optimal LAN connection and diagnose IGMP snooping filtering dual priority helps to build a multimedia networks like video conference etc Designed to offer the guaranteed IP Layer 3 routing with RIP OSPF and DVMRP support the WGS3 404 and WGS3 2620 empower the performance of pure IP based network easier then ever 1 1 Features e WGS3 404 is with 4 port 10 100 1000Mbps and 4 slot for 1000Base SX 1000Base T modules e WGS3 2620 is with 2 port 1000Mbps 24 port 10 100Mbps Ethernet Switch e Complies with IEEE 802 3 10Base T IEEE 802 3u 100Base TX IEEE 802 3z 1000Base SX and IEEE 802 3ab 1000Base T standards e IEEE 802 3x full duplex flow control compliant back pressure half duplex flow control e EEE 802 1p dual priority IEEE802 1Q VLAN Tagging IEEE802 1D Bridging compliant e 32K MAC address table auto ageing 64K IP addr
69. 12 gt gt Four ports as a trunk lt lt 13 01 14 02 gt gt lt lt 15 03 16 04 gt gt lt lt 17 05 18 06 gt gt lt lt 19 07 20 08 gt gt 21 09 22 105 23 11 24 12 gt gt Eight ports as a trunk 13 01 14 02 15 03 16 04 gt gt lt lt 1 05 18 06 19 07 20 08 gt gt 21 09 22 10 23 11 24 12 gt gt Gigabit Ethernet Ports as a trunk 25 26 gt gt e he ports that can be assigned to the same trunk on WGS3 404 are listed below Two ports as a trunk lt lt 1 2 gt gt lt lt 3 4 gt gt lt lt 5 6 gt gt 7 8 Four ports as a trunk lt lt 1 2 3 4 gt gt lt lt 5 6 7 8 gt gt e Ports can only be assigned to one trunk e he ports at both ends of a connection must be configured as trunk ports e he ports at both ends of a trunk must be configured in an identical manner including communication mode and VLAN assignments e None of the ports in a trunk can be configured as a mirror or monitor port e All the ports in a trunk have to be treated as a whole when moved from to added or deleted from a VLAN e he Spanning Tree Algorithm will treat all the ports in a trunk as a whole e Enable the trunk prior to connecting any cable between the switches to avoid creating a loop WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 159 Use the Trunk Configuration screen to set up port trunks as shown below Trunking List Hew Setting aclh dx 23 11 12 gt gt 17 516 619 72
70. 2 mode 2 This menu is only displayed on WGS3 404 or WGS3 2620 when it is set to multilayer mode WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 201 5 8 1 Displaying Port Statistics Port Statistics display standard statistics on network traffic from the Interfaces Group and Ethernet like MIBs as well as a detailed breakdown of traffic based on the RMOM MIB Parameter Description Port Statistics Displays standard statistics on network traffic passing through the selected port RMON Statistics Displays detailed statistics for the selected port such as packet type and frame size counters 5 8 1 1 Displaying Ethernet Port Statistics Port Statistics display key statistics from the Interfaces Group and Ethernet like MIBs for each port Error Statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed This information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch such as a faulty port or unusually heavy loading The values displayed have accumulated since the last system reboot Select the required port The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table Port Number 13 Interfaces In Octets 19791693 Out Cictets 26640496 In Urucast Pkts 150655 Out Urucast Pkts ligde In Hon Uricast Pkts AD 32 Out Haon IInicast Pkts 3333 i In Discards Out Discards In Errots Out Errors Alignment Errors CRC Errors Ethernet E mingle Collisions 0 Multiples Coll
71. 5 6 7 8 1 2 1 SISIsSIsI S5S S5 5 UU uu Add Mew Entry Click Edit 4 icon the following screen will be shown NXRSTU NXRSTU Wr deb cp rq DE M Shy OO DO C 6 qo amp 0S 6 sO C fm CS 3 CS CO X fe C ti g MO foto g Ch X O w OG w g C C CO im Co t v OO C o C i a Add Save Delete Cancel Parameter Description VLAN The ID for the VLAN currently displayed Range 1 4094 MEMBERS Port entries may be marked as Normal Uses GVRP to determine port membership o Static Adds port as a static entry GVRP protocol is disabled R Registration Fixed Adds port as a static entry GVRP protocol messages are still forwarded through this port X Forbidden Disables GVRP for this VLAN on the specified port If a removed port is no longer assigned to any other group as an untagged port it will automatically be assigned to VLAN group 1 as untagged UNTAG opecify the outbound packets for this VLAN on this port should be tagged or untagged U The outbound packets for this VLAN on this port should be untagged T The outbound packets for this VLAN on this port should be tagged WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 172 5 7 3 3 Reset Address Table Mode WGS3 404 provide two address table modes SVL Shared VLAN Learning and IVL Independent VLAN Learning SVL Configuration and operation of the MAC address learning process with the same MAC address table for all VLANs If an individual MAC
72. 55 Byte Frames Description The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to lack of resources Total number of bytes of data received on the network This statistic can be used as a reasonable indication of Ethernet utilization The total number of frames bad broadcast and multicast received The total number of good frames received that were directed to the broadcast address Note that this does not include multicast packets The total number of good frames received that were directed to this multicast address The number of CRC alignment errors FCS or alignment errors The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets long excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and were otherwise well formed The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and were otherwise well formed The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in length excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and contained either an FCS or alignment error The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and contained either an FCS or alignment error The best estimate of the total number of collisions on this Ethernet segment The total number of frames including bad packets received and transmitted that were 64 octets in length excluding frami
73. Baud Rate as following Pregs 1 Baud Rate 9600 Baud Rate 19200 Baud Rate 38400 Baud Rate 57600 Rate 115200 i number and then press lt ENTER gt 5 ie local console BaudRate to exact rate and press ENTER 2 When the system initialization screen appears as shown above press D to download system firmware and then indicate the code type r Runtime image or d Diagnostic image 3 Change your baud rate to the selected value and press Enter to enable download From the terminal emulation program select the file you want to download set the protocol to XModem and then initialize downloading NOTE 1 If you use Windows HyperTerminal disconnect lel set the baud rate and reconnect 2 The download file should be a binary file or an image file otherwise the agent will not accept it 4 A ter the file has been downloaded the console screen will display information similar to that shown below Press Enter to download to permanent memory change the baudrate back to 19200 press Enter to start decompressing the new firmware and then press Enter to open the Logon screen WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 290 Modem Download to OmQ0400020 SUCCESS Plermanent or iTlemporary Download P Update RunTime Image at 0x03040000 SUCCESS Change to original Baud Rate and Press ENTER to Run Application Decompress nOwWw 11 run time code starting now Starting Sys
74. GMRP GMRP allows network devices to register end stations with multicast groups GMRP requires that any participating network devices or end stations comply with the IEEE 802 1p standard ICMP Router Discovery ICMP Router Discovery message is an alternative router discovery method that uses a pair of ICMP messages on multicast links It eliminates the need to manually configure router addresses and is independent of any specific routing protocol WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 256 Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Commonly used to send echo messages i e Ping for monitoring purposes IEEE 802 1D Specifies a general method for the operation of MAC bridges including the Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE 802 1Q VLAN Tagging Defines Ethernet frame tags which carry VLAN information It allows switches to assign end stations to different virtual LANs and defines a standard way for VLANs to communicate across switched networks IEEE 802 3ac Defines frame extensions for VLAN tagging Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP A protocol through which hosts can register with their local router for multicast services If there is more than one multicast router on a given subnetwork one of the routers is elected querier and assumes the responsibility of keeping track of group membership IGMP Snooping Listening to IGMP Query and IGMP Report packets transferred between IP Multicast Routers and IP Multicast hos
75. HMP Configuration send Authentication Fail Traps ee SHMP Communitiss IP Trap Hanager KR send a trap or not when SHP anothentication fails READ SELECT Wee TAB or arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options Parameter Description Send Issue a trap message to specified IP trap managers whenever authentication of an Authentication Fail SNMP request fails The default is enabled Traps SNMP Assigns SNMP access based on specified strings Communities IP Trap Managers Specifies management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 29 4 4 3 1 Configuring Community Names The following figure and table describe how to configure the community strings authorized for management access Up to 5 community names may be entered amp HHP Configuration SHMP Communities Community Hame AcoegE Status 1 READ WRITE ENANLED 27 private READ ONLY EMABLED d th a a Apply YR gt Cancel The commmity name of entry 1 READ SWRITE Use lt TAB gt of arrow keys to move other keys to make changesg Parameter Description Community Name A community entry authorized for management access Maximum string length 19 characters Access Management access is restricted to Read Only or Read Write Status Sets administrative status of entry to enabled or disabled NOTE The default community strings are disp
76. IP DHOPJTEERAY isa dio 246 DS ECURIFY FEATURES LM TT m 247 6 ZT SNMP COMMUN SINOS dad MPa ue 247 637 2 User Name and PASSWOIOS dseieosuacitasee qu doris A E e E a T 247 OL SMA ACO CSS PIITOESu edu costa e e EA e 247 O AAAF AOISE FIOS ls St a Sidi era a 247 6 8 SNMP MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE 3 berba Sapete a 248 6 9 REMOTE MONITORING RAMONA 248 APPENDIX A TROUBLESHOOTING 11 creen eee nene nnn n n nnn nnn n nnn a nhan naue a nau sana a sanae rana un 249 AT TROUBLESHOOTING CHAR Tesir c em 249 A 2 UPGRADING FIRMWARE VIA THE SERIAL PORT cscscsccsssescuerescuerencuareneusucuerecuerencuarencuarenauusseaesensuers 250 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual APPENDIX B PIN ASSIGNMENTS cosita an aa ue co rh ccu Gegen aeu ax aa Ree orb cca Cena rei S aa ara ucc 252 CONSOLE PORT PIN ASSIGNMENTS us buskdes eerta vo tree ee et Re roter Dn beta ae rere id 252 DB 9 PORT PIN ASSIGNMENTS e dd e cem o Drs E 253 CONSOLE PORT TO 9 PIN COM PORT ON POC u cccccceccececcecsccecsccececaccecuecacseaucacsucacsececsecussecutecausecausecass 253 CONSOLE PORT TO 25 PIN DCE PORT ON MODEM sscececcecccecccceccccecaccecuececuccececauaecucceucausecsuaecsuaecass 255 GLOSSARY nist occ o tee ooo ADDE DI e ha Ao Ot oe nel 256 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual Chapter 1 Introduction Both WGS3 404 and WGS3 2620 are IP based Layer 3 Gigabit Ethernet Switch WGS3 404 is with 4 port 10 100 1000Mbps and 4 slot for 1
77. LMs see RFCs 1219 and 1878 OSPF Area Range Configuration Area Identity IP Address Address Mask Advertisement Delete 182 188 1 0 182 158 1 0 A al Advertise m 192 168 2 0 192 168 2 0 259 259 759 Advertise m 192 168 4 0 192 168 4 0 255 255 27550 Advertise m Add Mew Entry Parameter Description Area Identity An OSPF area that includes all the OSPF routers within the assigned address range IP Address The IP address used to calculate the area range Address Mask The subnet mask used to calculate the area range Advertisement Enables or disables advertising for this range WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 190 5 7 5 2 3 3 OSPF Virtual Link Configuration All OSPF areas must connect to the backbone If an area does not have a direct physical connection to the backbone you can configure a virtual link that provides a logical path to the backbone To connect an isolated area to the backbone the logical path can cross a single nonbackbone area to reach the backbone To define the path you must specify one endpoint on the ABR that connects the isolated area to the common nonbackbone area and the other endpoint on the ABR that connects this common nonbackbone area and the backbone itself However note that you cannot configure a virtual link that runs through a stub or NSSA area Virtual links can also be used to create a redundant link between any area and the backbone to help prevent partitioning or to connect two existing ba
78. N Menu IGMP Snooping Configuration IP Menu2 Security Menu Description Configures port communication mode mirror ports port trunking and static addresses Configures the Spanning Tree Protocol for the bridge or for specific ports GMRP and GVRP for automatic registration of multicast and VLAN groups traffic class priority threshold and address aging time Configures VLAN settings for specific ports and defines the port membership for VLAN groups Configures IGMP multicast filtering Configures the subnets for each VLAN group global configuration for ARP and Proxy ARP unicast and multicast protocols static ARP table entries static routes and the default route Configures MAC and IP Address filtering 1 Only displayed for Layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 2 Only displayed for WGS3 404 and multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 154 5 7 1 Layer 2 Menu The Layer 2 menu contains options for port configuration port mirroring and port trunking These menu options are described in the following sections Menu Description Port Configuration Enables any port enables disables flow control and sets communication mode to auto negotiation full duplex or half duplex Mirror Port Sets the source and target ports for mirroring Configuration Port Trunking Specifies ports to group into aggregate trunks Configuration Static Unicast Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in t
79. OO ME AOGICSS TADO A bce dace e tds 110 4 6 6 1 Displaying Subnet InforMatiON cooocncocconnnnccccoocnnccncononnccnononnncencononnnoncnnnnncencnnnnnnennnnnnnenennnananennns 111 A COZ ARF Tableta aiii 112 AGE ROUN TADE aeia r a er ee ene eee 113 4 6 6 3 1 Displaying Detailed Routing Information cccccccccseeeeeeecseeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaas 115 4 6 6 4 MUlCaSt Table xc M 116 4 6 6 4 1 Displaying IGMP Registration Table oooncccccoconnconcccooncnncononnnnncnnnnncnnononannnnnonnnnrnnnnonanennnnnos 117 4 6 6 4 2 Displaying the Multicast Forwarding Cache cccccssscccccceeeceeeeeeeeceeeseeeeeeeesaeeeeeeeseaeseeeesaaees 119 4 6 6 4 3 Displaying the DVMRP Routing Table cccccooocccnccccocccnccononccnncononcnnnonnnnronnnonanononnnanennnnnnns 120 4 6 6 4 4 Displaying the DVMRP Neighbor Table ccccccsseeccecceeeeceeeceeeeceeecaeeeeeesaeeeeessaaeeeeessaeaes 121 AO OI OSPF TIDE ps ees aces cs es cats bobo uen EG dss ae CU ed ease eee 122 4 6 6 5 1 Display Interface Table lt a 123 4 6 6 5 2 Displaying the Link State Table esses nennen 124 4 6 6 5 3 Displaying the Neighbor Table ooocccccccoccccnccccocconconconcnnnononccononnnnncnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnonnnnenennnnos 126 4 6 6 5 4 Displaying the Virtual Neighbor Table coccoooncccccccocconccononcnnnoononcnnnnonancnnnonnnncnnnnonanennnnnos
80. OSPF areas for global access in the Area ID Configuration menu before they can be used for a specific IP interface ID 0 0 0 0 is used for the OSPF backbone The priority used when selecting the designated router and designated backup router Range 0 255 Disable election 0 Explicitly specify the cost of sending a packet on the interface Range 1 65535 180 Transit Delay 1 second Retransmit Interval 5 seconds Hello Interval 10 seconds Dead Interval 40 seconds Poll Interval 120 seconds Authentication Type NONE Authentication Key WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual The estimated number of seconds it takes to transmit a link state update packet over this interface Range 0 3600 seconds The number of seconds between retransmitting link state advertisements to router adjacencies on this interface This value is also used when retransmitting database descriptions and link state request packets Range 0 3600 seconds The interval in seconds between sending Hello packets out the router interface This interval determines how fast topology changes will be detected However for small intervals more overhead will be incurred in exchanging routing information Range 1 65535 seconds The number of seconds that a router s Hello packets have not been seen before its neighbors declare the router down This should be a multiple of the Hello interval Range 1 65535 seconds Sets the poll interval in sec
81. PC WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 253 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 254 Console Port to 25 Pin DCE Port on Modem Switch s 9 Pin CCITT Signal Modem s 25 Pin Serial Port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 255 GLOSSARY Bandwidth Utilization The percentage of packets received over time as compared to overall bandwidth BOOTP Boot protocol used to load the operating system for devices connected to the network Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol DVMRP A distance vector style routing protocol used for routing multicast datagrams through the Internet DVMRP combines many of the features of RIP with Reverse Path Broadcasting RPB GARP VLAN Registration Protocol GVRP Defines a way for switches to exchange VLAN information in order to register necessary VLAN members on ports along the Spanning Tree so that VLANs defined in each switch can work automatically over a Spanning Tree network Generic Attribute Registration Protocol GARP GARP is a protocol that can be used by endstations and switches to register and propagate multicast group membership information in a switched environment such that multicast data frames are propagated only to those parts of a switched LAN containing registered endstations Formerly called Group Address Registration Protocol Group Attribute Registration Protocol See Generic Attribute Registration Protocol Generic Multicast Registration Protocol
82. PF backbone To modify or delete an existing Area ID highlight the table entry with the cursor and select Enter WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 80 4 5 6 2 3 2 OSPF Area Range Configuration After you configure an area identifier you can specify a subnetwork address range that covers all the individual networks in this area This technique limits the amount of traffic exchanged between Area Border Routers ABRs by allowing them to advertise a single summary range By summarizing routes the routing changes within an area do not have to be updated in the backbone ABRs or in other areas To optimize the route summary first configure all the OSPF routers in an area so that they fall within a contiguous address range The route summary consists of an address and mask where the mask can be a Variable Length Subnet Mask VLSM Using VLSMs allows you to configure each subnetwork within a larger network with its own subnet mask This provides a longer subnet mask that covers fewer host IP addresses thereby reducing the size of the routing tables that have to be exchanged For more information on VSLMs see RFCs 1219 and 1878 OSPF Area Range Configuration Area Identity IP Address Address Mask Advertisement 192 168 2 0 192 168 2 0 255 255 255 0 Advertise 192 168 4 0 192 168 4 0 255 255 255 0 Advertise Page 1 Apply Total lages X RK Prev Page gt lt Hext Page gt A dd Add OSPF area entry Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move
83. S S 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 wf 2 S NININININININININ NIN IN NIN NININ NIN NIN N NIN N 3 N RIXIN N NH N N N N N N N N N N NM N NH N NM M N NH N N VID NXRS NXRS NXRS NXRS NXRS NXRS OOO Oo y ORC ES a Om Oo stot Oo at tO OOC g COCO 9 X g oeooce S aoc CO owe eo ClO Cie OO Cis Ooo Oya OOO Os oo Se Oooo OIC oo Ci COC CCC Cell O O Call CC O Ozal O O O Ozal O O Os Cit fo fies CS C C Cg Ae Pele Canc Parameter Description VLAN The ID for the VLAN currently displayed Range 1 4094 Port Port entries may be marked as N Normal Uses GVRP to determine port membership o Static Adds port as a static entry GVRP protocol is disabled H Registration Fixed Adds port as a static entry GVRP protocol messages are still forwarded through this port X Forbidden Disables GVRP for this VLAN on the specified port If a removed port is no longer assigned to any other group as an untagged port it will automatically be assigned to VLAN group 1 as untagged Note To add a new VLAN enter a new VLAN number in the VID field select the port members and press Add Save To modify a VLAN click on the edit icon amp for the required entry modify the port settings and press Add Save To delete a VLAN click on the edit icon for the required entry then press Delete WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 171 The VLAN Table Configuration of WGS3 404 is as the following 1 2 3 4
84. Spanning Tree Algorithm Bridge Menu panning Tree Bridge Information Spanning Tree Port Information ZR Display the spanning tree information Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Entec gt to select Menu Description Spanning Tree Bridge Displays a full list of STA values used for the bridge Information Spanning Tree Port Displays a list of STA values used for each port including status designated Information cost designated bridge and designated port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 101 4 6 3 1 Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Bridge Information The STA Bridge Information screen displays a summary of STA information for the overall bridge To make any changes to these parameters use the Bridge STA Configuration menu The parameters shown in the following figure and table describe the current bridge STA settings Bridge Menu Spanning Tree Bridge Information Priority 37768 Hello Time in seconds i 2 Max Age in seconds 0 Forrard Delay in seconds 15 Hold Time in seconds i Designated Root 32768 0010851499400 Boot Cost i Raat Port f Configuration Changes i i Topology Up Time 104148 0 day 0 hr 17 min 21 sec ZDE Return to previous panel Use lt Entec gt to select WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 102 Parameter Priority Hello Time Max Age Forward Delay Hold Time Designated Root Root Cost Root Port Configuration
85. TTP Configuration SNMP Communities IP Trap Manager Configuration File Layer 2 3 Multilayer 3 Port Configuration Mirror Port Configuration Port Trunking Configuration Static Unicast Address Configuration Static Multicast Address Configuration System Mode 3 Bridge Configuration Layer 2 Menu Bridge Menu VLAN Menu Device Control Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu VLAN Port Configuration VLAN Table Configuration Reset Address Table Moder 4 IP Menu 2 IGMP Snooping Configuration 1 Security Menu Jumbo Packet Menu 4 Subnet Configuration Protocol Configuration Static ARP Configuration Static Route Default Route Port Statistics RMON Statistics l Port Statistics Network Monitor Layer 2 Address Table Spanning Tree Bridge Information Menu Bridge Menu Spanning Tree Port Information VLAN Menu IP Multicast Registration Table 1 VLAN Forwarding Information Subnet Information ARP Table MAC Filtering Configuration IP Filtering Configuration 2 Routing Table System Restart Menu Multicast Table OSPF Table Exit 1 Displayed for layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 only 2 Displayed for multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 and WGS3 404 only 3 Displayed for WGS3 2620 only 4 Displayed for WGS3 404 only WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 14 4 2 Main Menu With the system configuration program you can define system parameters manage and control the switch and all its ports or moni
86. The management agent is based on SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol This SNMP agent permits the switch to be managed from any PC in the network using in band management software The management agent also includes an embedded HTTP Web agent This Web agent can be accessed using Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 0 or later from any computer attached to the network The system configuration program and the SNMP agent support management functions such as e Enable disable any port e Set the communication mode for any port e Configure SNMP parameters e Add ports to network VLANs e Configure IP routing and multicast VLANs e Display system information or statistics e Configure the switch to join a Spanning Tree e Download system firmware 3 2 Required Connections 3 2 1 Console Port Out of Band Connections Attach a VT100 compatible terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program to the serial port on the switch s rear panel Use the null modem cable provided with this package or use a null modem connection that complies with the wiring assignments shown in Appendix B of this manual When attaching to a PC set terminal emulation type to VT100 specify the port used by your PC i e COM 1 4 and then set communications to 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity and 19200 bps for initial configuration Also be sure to set flow control to none Refer to Configuring the Serial Port for a complete description of configu
87. Time Designated Root Root Cost Root Port Configuration Changes Topology Up Time The maximum time in seconds the root device will wait before changing states i e listening to learning to forwarding The minimum interval between the transmission of consecutive Configuration BPDUs The priority and MAC address of the device in the Spanning Tree that this switch has accepted as the root device The path cost from the root port on this switch to the root device The number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root This switch communicates with the root device through this port If there is no root port then this switch has been accepted as the root device of the Spanning Tree network The number of times the Spanning Tree has been reconfigured The time since the Spanning Tree was last reconfigured WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 209 5 8 3 2 Displaying the Current STA for Ports The parameters shown in the following figure and table are for port STA Information STA Port Information Port Type Status 1 LOOBASE T at Disabled a LOOBASE T St Disabled E LOUBASE TH Disabled 4 I00B45E TX Disabled 5 IO BASE TxX Disabled B IO BASE TX Disabled T IO BASE TX Disabled Es IO BASE TX Disabled g IO BASE TX Disabled 10 LOOBAGE T 2 Disabled Parameter Iu Description Type Shows port type as 100BASE TX 10BASE T 100BASE TX Designated Cost i O sl O ps cu O PEN c 1G BASE T 1000BASE T
88. Total i Pages CER 2 Prev Page CcHext Page gt Flush RIP Return to previous panel Wee lt TAR gt of arrow keyg to move Enter to zelarik WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 113 Protocol Hurt Local Parameter Destination Network Destination Mask VLAN Next Hop Type Protocol Description A destination network subnet or host The subnet mask that specifies the bits to match A routing entry will be used for a packet if the bits in the address set by the destination mask match the Destination Network The VLAN within which the gateway or destination address resides The IP address of the router at the next hop The IP route type for the destination network This switch supports the following types Direct A directly connected subnetwork Indirect A remote IP subnetwork or host address Myself A switch IP address on a specific IP subnetwork Bcast A subnetwork broadcast address Mcast An IP multicast address Invalid An illegal IP address to be filtered The route was learned in one of the following ways Local Manually configured Mgmt Set via SNMP ICMP Obtained via ICMP redirect RIP Learned via RIP protocol OSPF Learned via OSPF protocol Other Learned by some other method NOTE Use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons to scroll through the routing table To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press Apply Selec
89. You can use this menu to display the OSPF router linkages for the autonomous system based on the Link State Table Neighbor Table and Virtual Neighbor Table OSPF Table Henu Interface Table Link State Table Heighbor Table Virtual Heighbor Table 0K Display interface database Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move Enter to select Parameter Description Interface Table Displays interface OSPF status Link State Table Displays a summary link state advertisements Neighbor Table Displays current neighbor routers Virtual Neighbor Table Displays current virtual neighbors WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 122 4 6 6 5 1 Display Interface Table This function allow you to display each IP interface s OSPF status OSPF Interface Table IP Address Rtr ID Designated Etr Backup DE Status Erents 192 168 1 254 D 197 168 1 254 0 0 0 0 DR 1 Page Apply Total 1 ages UE lt Prev Page lt Hext Page The page number READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description IP Address IP address of the interface Rtr ID The OSPF identifier for the neighboring router Designated Rtr The designated router IP address for the broadcast network on the interface Backup Rtr The backup designated router IP address for the broadcast network on the interface Status The interface status Events The number of events encountered that cause a neighbor state change since boot
90. a and the transit area while the other borders on the transit area and the backbone The configuration on each router must include the transit area identifier and the ABR at the other end of the link 6 2 7 Non IP Protocol Routing The switch supports IP routing only Non IP protocols such as IPX and AppleTalk can not be routed by this switch and will be confined within their local VLAN group unless bridged by an external router To coexist with a network built on other multilayer switches the subnetworks for non IP protocols must follow the same logical boundary as that of the IP subnetworks A separate multi protocol router can then be used to link the subnetworks by connecting to one port from each available VLAN on the network WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 238 6 3 Virtual LANs Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains which can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle a lot of traffic such as NetBUEI or IPX In conventional networks with routers broadcast traffic is split up into separate domains to confine this traffic to the originating group and provide a much cleaner network environment Instead of using physically separate subnets which are linked by traditionally slow routers this switch creates segregated broadcast domains based on easily configurable VLANs and then links these VLANs as required with wire speed routing An IEEE 802 1Q VLAN is a group of ports that can be located anywhere in the
91. a stubby area that cannot send or receive external LSAs or a not so stubby area NSSA that can import external route information into its area Area ID 192 168 0 1 192 168 7 1 Page lt OK gt Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes IP Menu OSPF Area Configuration Type HORMAL HORMAL Apply Total lt Prev Page lt Hext Page The page number WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 79 lages Add READ WRITE Parameter Description Area ID An OSPF area identifier configured for a group of OSPF routers For information on how to assign this identifier to a specific interface see4 5 6 1 5 Configuring OSPF Type Indicates area type Normal An area which can send or receive external route information Stub An area which cannot send or receive external route information It relies on a single default route provided by its Area Border Router ABR to access destinations outside of the stub A stub can be used to reduce the amount of topology data that has to be exchanged over the network NSSA A not so stubby area cannot send but can receive external route information The ABR imports external routes and floods this information to all routers within the NSSA An Autonomous System Boundary Router ASBR can import external routes and flood this information to the entire Autonomous System NOTE To add a new Area ID use the Add button The default 0 0 0 0 indicates the OS
92. agent via in band management software SNMP Configuration The items provided by the Management Setup Menu are described in the following sections Menu Description Network Configuration Includes IP setup and HTTP setup for the on board Web agent Serial Port Sets communication parameters for the serial port including baud rate console Configuration time out and screen data refresh interval See Configuring the Serial Port SNMP Configuration Activates authentication failure traps and configures communities and trap managers User Configuration Sets the user names and passwords for system access TFTP Download Downloads new version of firmware to update your system in band Configuration File Saves or restores configuration data based on the specified file Only displays on WGS3 2620 when it is set to Layer 2 mode WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 145 5 6 1 Changing the Network Configuration Layer 2 Mode of WGS3 2620 Use the Network Configuration menu to set the bootup option configure the switch s Internet Protocol IP parameters The screen shown below is described in the following table IP Configuration IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway IP IP State Mot Access Apply Cancel Parameter Interface Type IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway IP IP State VLAN ID pooo User Confizmed AI VLANs Description Indicates IP over Ethernet IP address of the swit
93. al 89 4 5 7 1 Configuring MAC Address Filters Any node that presents a security risk or is functioning improperly can be filtered from this switch You can drop all the traffic from a host device based on a specified MAC address Traffic with either a source or destination address listed in the Security Filtering Configuration table will be filtered HAC Security Filtering tontiguration 00 30 4P 56 76 90 01 23 45 67 89 01 Faye 1 Apply Total 1 Pages ail lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt lt A de gt Return to previous panel Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move Enter to select NOTE Toadd a MAC address to the security filtering use Add To delete an address highlight it with the cursor and press Enter To scroll through the address table use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press Apply WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 90 4 5 7 2 IP Filtering Configuration If any node presents a security risk you can filter all traffic for this node by entering its address into the IP Security Filtering Configuration Any packet passing through the switch that has a source or destination IP address matching an entry in this table will be filtered IP Security Filtering Configuration 192 168 1 5 192 168 5 210 Page 1 lt Apply gt Total 1 Pages a i lt Prev Page gt lt Hext Page gt lt A did Addl IPF address filter U
94. al The default is 120 seconds Use this option to specify how to authenticate neighboring OSPF routers There are three options NONE Not to authenticate neighboring routers SIMPLE Use password to authenticate neighboring OSPF routers The password is assigned on Authentication Key field With SIMPLE authentication the password goes in clear text over the network Thus anyone with a sniffer software on the OSPF network segment would be able to pull the OSPF password and the network attacker would be one step closer to compromising your OSPF environment MD5 Use MD5 to authenticate neighboring routers With MD5 authentication the key does not pass over the network MD5 is a message digest algorithm specified in RFC1321 MD5 should be considered the most secure OSPF authentication mode You have to specify an active MD5 key on MD5 Key Table When use SIMPLE authentication type enter the password here The password can be any string of keyboard entered characters up to 8 bytes in length All neighboring routers on the same network must have the same password to exchange OSPF information 70 MD5 Key Table When use MD5 authentication mode you have to specify an active MD5 key on this table Up to 8 key can be added on the table but only one can be Active The others should be left to be Valid To remove the key set the status to be Invalid and select Apply Each key consists of two parameters Key ID An identifier
95. al Fu uu E nd ed dea uu O 234 62270 FOUNO FrOlOCOlS ti AAA AA A RU RM Du A T A E T 239 6 2 6 1 RIP and RIP 2 Dynamic Routing Protocols cccoooncnccccccnccnoncncconcnnnnnnnonnnnononnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnos 235 6 2 6 2 OSPFv2 Dynamic Routing Protocol i et te heen chia ect easel dee Messi i nasi ie ees 236 6 2 NONA P Protocol FTOULIDQ iioii Vans ba Lore Ple pa Ea eR Me suu code A de Mi dva auus Fo RAUM UE RUP MERE IS 238 030 VIRTUAL LAN c D M 239 653 1 ASSIGRING POS TO VLAN S ii A ved patebit lampade id 240 623512 MEAN ClaSSiliCa Om e uCT E 240 AA OVE ADDING A ase hnssetcoeecuacesauecactestschsadee hneos icodhsseee cup series seeks anet saeesarecesiedvas 240 Goto POR DdSeG V HANS 2 rt 240 6 3 1 4 Automatic VEAN Registration GVRP utes tects he reeset ees ince cheater ticks puta Ue ER nene RS Rei ER REFUS 240 6 3 2 Forwarding Tagged Untagged Frames ssi ss sea sees nenne nns nna ann rash nana 241 eo Connecuno VEAN GIOUDS ooi tudo tb RE nie ie Et E EE ba 242 64 MULTICAST FILTERING mu veiiicet inu pui a i Gao Chus bayisa adi ob deae isis 243 BL T AGM SHOODING a 243 SP ZA IE OS O PE 243 64 3 GIVI FIOIOCOL natos das 244 644 DVMHBHEBROBWDIRO JF TOLOGOLssia di Sapete rot Gut dasehinetivs Sab ucadad duit duci Patin A dae 244 6 5 CLASS OF SERVICE COS SUPPORT esci cnn 245 66 BOOIT
96. ame VLAN as the source port See 5 7 3 2 VLAN Table Configuration 5 7 1 2 1 Using Port Mirroring on WGS3 2620 On WGS3 2602 you can use the Mirror Configuration screen to mirror one or more ports to the monitor port as shown below Enable Port Mirroring Tx Mirrored Port Tx Monitored i O 2 3 Iw a i 5 g 1 7 Port 8 9 10 11 Diz Dis 1a 15 16 17 EET 19 20 21 3 22 23 24 25 26 Rx Mirrored Port Rx Monitored 1 E Os Mia s Dos O 7 Port E 9 10 11 Diz 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 3 22 23 24 25 26 cn Parameter Description Enable Port Mirror Enables or disables the mirror function TX Mirrored Port The port whose transmitted traffic will be mirrored TX Monitored Port The port that will duplicate the transmitted traffic appearing on the mirrored port RX Mirrored Port The port whose received traffic will be mirrored RX Monitored Port The port that will duplicate the received traffic appearing on the mirrored port NOTE Youcan mirror multiple ports to a single port to view traffic such as that crossing a port trunk However note that some packets may be dropped for moderate to heavy loading WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 157 5 7 1 2 2 Using Port Mirroring on WGS3 404 On WGS3 404 the monitor port have to be on port 8 Enable Port Mirroring Mirroring mode RX_Mode Mirror Port 1 y Monitor Port 8 Save Reset Parame
97. and their immediately neighboring multicast router switch IGMP is as a multicast host registration protocol that allows any host to inform its local router that it wants to receive transmissions addressed to a specific multicast group A router or multicast enabled switch can periodically ask their hosts is they want to receive multicast traffic If there is more than one router switch on the LAN performing IP multicasting one of these devices is elected querier and assumes the responsibility of querying the LAN for group members It then propagates the service requests on to any neighboring multicast switch router to ensure that it will continue to receive the multicast service Based on the group membership information learned from IGMP a router switch can determine which if any multicast traffic needs to be forwarded to each of its ports At Layer 3 multicast routers use this information along with a multicast routing protocol such as DVMRP to support IP multicasting across the Internet Note that IGMP neither alters nor routes any IP multicast packets A multicast routing protocol must be used to deliver IP multicast packets across different subnetworks Therefore when DVMRP routing is enabled for a subnet on this switch the switch will automatically enable IGMP WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 243 6 4 3 GMRP Protocol GARP Multicast Registration Protocol GMRP allows network devices to register end stations with multicas
98. anges before it starts to forward frames In addition each port needs time to listen for conflicting information that would make it return to a blocking state otherwise temporary data loops might result The maximum value is 30 The minimum value is the higher of 4 or Max Message Age 2 1 The maximum time in seconds a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure All device ports except for designated ports should receive configuration messages at regular intervals Any port that ages out STA information provided in the last configuration message becomes the designated port for the attached LAN If it is a root port a new root port is selected from among the device ports attached to the network The minimum value is the higher of 6 or 2 x Hello Time 1 The maximum value is the lower of 40 or 2 x Forward Delay 1 GARP Multicast Registration Protocol GMRP allows network devices to register end stations with multicast groups If GMRP is globally enabled for the switch then you can individually enable or disable GMRP for a specific port See 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration IGMP and IGMP Snooping also provide multicast filtering For multilayer mode the full IGMP protocol set is automatically enabled disabled along with DVMRP See 6 4 2 IGMP Protocol and 4 5 5 Configuring IGMP Snooping GARP VLAN Registration Protocol GVRP defines a way for switche
99. architecture first create a backbone area to which all other areas are adjacent Note that when you enable OSPF for any IP interface on the ES3627 it is assigned to the backbone by default Area 0 0 0 0 As a general rule no area should not contain more than 50 routers To create a new area designate an Area ID that will be used by all of the other routers in this area specify the area type as Normal Stub or NSSA page 2 59 or 3 44 and then assign the ID to an interface page 2 52 or 3 39 A Stub does not accept or send external routing information Instead it uses a single default route for destinations outside the area Stubs further minimize the amount of routing data that has to be stored or exchanged with other areas An NSSA Not So Stubby Area is similar to a Stub except that it can import external route information into its area Note that if there are not external routes into your network then there are no advantages to configuring a Stub or NSSA Neighbors Neighboring OSPF routers within a common area are found using Hello messages These messages also list the other routers from which the originator has received hello messages When a router finds its address in the hello messages received from another router both routers initiate communications as neighbors Only after these routers successfully exchange and synchronize their routing tables will they be considered fully adjacent page 2 98 or 3 69 Routing information is
100. arding cache and DVMRP routing information OSPF Table Displays a link state advertisement summary the neighbor table and the virtual neighbor table WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 110 4 6 6 1 Displaying Subnet Information You can display a list of all the IP interfaces configured on this switch This table includes the gateway address corresponding VLAN and member ports that use this address Subnet Information 1 2 IF Address Subnet Hask WLAH 12314567869012343567890123456 z203 70 249 118 255 255 255 0 1 5555585 55555855 555555585585 197 168 1 32354 255 755 755 0 2 5 5 Page E Apply Total 1 Fages ZR lt Prev Page gt lt Hext Page gt The page mmber HEAD FETTE Use TAB or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description IP Address The address for an IP interface on this switch Subnet Mask A template that identifies the address bits in the host address used for routing to specific subnets Each bit that corresponds to a 1 is part of the network subnet number and each bit that corresponds to 0 is part of the host number VLAN The VLAN group associated with this IP interface Port Members The ports that can be reached through this IP interface WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 111 4 6 6 2 ARP Table Address Resolution Protocol ARP defines a method for finding a host s Ethernet address from its Internet address This table shows the IP to MAC address cac
101. ation VLAN Menu IP Multicast Registration Table 1 VLAN Forwarding Information Subnet Information ARP Table Routing Table System Restart Menu Multicast Table OSPF Table 1 Displayed for layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 only 2 Displayed for multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 and WGS3 404 only 3 Displayed for WGS3 2620 only 4 Displayed for WGS3 404 only WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 133 5 2 Navigating the Web Browser Interface To access the Web browser interface you must first enter a user name and password The administrator has Read Write access to all configuration parameters and statistics The default user name for the administrator is admin with no password 5 2 1 Home Page When your Web browser connects with the switch s Web agent the home page is displayed as shown below for WGS3 2620 The home page displays the Main Menu on the left side of the screen and System Information on the right side The Main Menu links are used to navigate to other menus and display configuration parameters and Statistical data 9 PLANET Main Menu zu EXEC ioe zx Mgmt Se 248420 Lever 3 Fagt Gigabat Eihernet SM Device Control revente E ZH Network Manis System Object IT 1 3 5 1 4 1 10456 1 457 NAS RR OA acter Up Time Odlh mmn iis System Mame Svstem Contac System Location Telnet Conpect do User Interface Supgert Se0d mail to technical soppari Contact Contact to Web Page WGS3 Layer 3 Switch
102. ation MAC address and the corresponding ports to the VLAN group used for a specific multicast service Static multicast addresses are never aged out and traffic with these addresses can only be forwarded to ports specified in this table Add Hulticast Address Entry Port 1 2 LAH Address 1275456 0901275456 09017 3456 1 51 60 60 50 50 50 M ZR lt Canoel gt Save data and return to previous panel Use lt TAB or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description VLAN The VLAN corresponding to this multicast service Address The destination MAC address for a multicast service Port The ports to which this multicast traffic can be forwarded NOTE To assign a destination MAC address to one or more ports use Add To delete or modify an address highlight it with the cursor and press Enter To scroll through the address table use the lt Next Page gt and lt Prev Page gt buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press lt Apply gt WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 45 4 5 3 Using the Bridge Menu The Bridge menu is used to display or configure settings for the Spanning Tree Algorithm as well as the global bridge settings for GMRP GARP Multicast Registration Protocol and GVRP GARP VLAN Registration Protocol traffic classes priority threshold and address aging time The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops and to
103. attached to a VLAN aware device if you want it to carry traffic for one or more VLANs and the device at the other end of the link also supports VLANs Then assign the port at the other end of the link to the same VLAN s However if you want a port on this switch to participate in one or more VLANs but the device at the other end of the link does not support VLANs then you must add this port as an untagged port that is a port attached to a VLAN unaware device 6 3 1 1 VLAN Classification When the switch receives a frame it classifies the frame in one of two ways If the frame is untagged the switch assigns the frame to an associated VLAN based on the PVID of the receiving port But if the frame is tagged the switch uses the tagged VLAN ID to identify the port broadcast domain of the frame 6 3 1 2 Port Overlapping Port overlapping can be used to allow access to commonly shared network resources among different VLAN groups such as file servers or printers Not supported for multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 Note that if you implement VLANs which do not overlap but still need to communicate you can connect them by setting this switch to multilayer mode and assigning an IP interface address to the different VLANs See Connecting VLAN Groups 6 3 1 3 Port based VLANs Port based or static VLANs are manually tied to specific ports The switch s forwarding decision is based on the destination MAC address and its associated port Theref
104. atus Enabled Allows you to disable a port due to abnormal behavior e g excessive collisions and then re enable it after the problem has been resolved You may also disable a port for security reasons Auto Negotiate Enabled Enables or disables auto negotiation for port soeed duplex mode and flow control Default Type 10HDX If auto negotiation is disabled the port will be set to the indicated speed and duplex mode Current Type Indicates the current speed and duplex mode Flow Control Off Used to enable or disable flow control Flow control can eliminate frame loss by blocking traffic from end stations or segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill When enabled back pressure is used for half duplex and IEEE 802 3x for full duplex Note that flow control should not be used if a port is connected to a hub Jack Type RJ 45 or SC Shows the jack type for each port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 40 4 5 2 2 Using a Mirror Port for Analysis You can mirror traffic from any source port to a target port for real time analysis You can then attach a logic analyzer or RMON probe to the target port and study the traffic crossing the source port in a completely unobtrusive manner When mirroring port traffic note that the target port must be included in the same VLAN as the source port See Configuring Virtual LANs You can use the Port Mirror Configuration screen to mirror one or more ports to the monitor
105. ayer 3 Switch User s Manual 120 4 6 6 4 4 Displaying the DVMRP Neighbor Table The DVMRP Neighbor Table contains the switch s DVMRP neighbors as discovered by receiving DVMRP protocol messages DVHRP Heighbor Table Interface Heiqhbor Address UpTime ExpireTime Ver HocwvRoute 1 10 2 32 214 1044 zh J 18 a 1B8 1 15 19 1044 2 J 14 Page Y lt Apply gt Total 0 Pages a i lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt The page number READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description Intf The IP interface on this switch that connects to the upstream neighbor See 4 6 6 1 Displaying Subnet Information Neighbor Address The IP address of the network device immediately upstream for this multicast delivery tree UpTime The time since this device last became a DVMRP neighbor to this switch ExpireTime The time remaining before this entry will be aged out Ver The neighboring routers DVMRP version number RevRoute The total number of routes received in valid DVMRP packets from this neighbor This can be used to diagnose problems such as unicast route injection as well as giving an indication of the level of DVMRP route exchange activity NOTE To scroll through the table use the lt Next Page gt and lt Prev Page gt buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then select lt Apply gt WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 121 4 6 6 5 OSPF Table
106. bles or disables the OSPF routing protocol The Advanced menu organizes an autonomous system into normal stub or not so stubby areas configures a range of subnet addresses for which link state advertisements can be aggregated and configures virtual links for areas that do not have direct physical access to the OSFP backbone to add redundancy or to merge backbone areas Enables or disables BOOTP DHCP Relay The Advanced menu defines the preferred servers or the outbound subnetworks for broadcasting a BOOTP DHCP WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 3 request IGMP Snooping Enables or disables IGMP Snooping The Advanced menu sets the timeout for inactive multicast ports or for specific multicast flows when there are no longer any clients DVMRP Enables or disables the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol NOTE Once RIP and DVMRP have been globally enabled you can enable or disable them for any specific subnet via the Subnet Configuration menu WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 74 4 5 6 2 1 Setting the ARP Timeout You can use the following configuration screen to modify the aging time for dynamically learned entries in the ARP cache ARP Configuration AP Timeout Minutes 20 lt Apply gt DRES lt C ance L gt ARP timraut value minutes READ SWRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Default Description ARP Timeout 20 minutes The time that dynamically learn
107. ceived traffic directed to the IP multicast group address See 5 8 6 1 Displaying Subnet Information Reporter The IP address of the source of the last membership report received for this IP Multicast group address on this interface If no membership report has been received this object has the value 0 0 0 0 Up Time The time elapsed since this entry was created Expire Time The time remaining before this entry will be aged out The default is 260 seconds V1 Timer The time remaining until the switch assumes that there are no longer any IGMP Version 1 members on the IP subnet attached to this interface The default is 400 seconds If the switch receives an IGMP Version 1 Membership Report it sets a timer to note that there are Version 1 hosts present which are members of the group for which it heard the report If there are Version 1 hosts present for a particular group the switch will ignore any Leave Group messages that it receives for that group WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 218 5 8 6 4 2 Displaying the Multicast Forwarding Cache The switch maintains a cache of multicast routing entries used to calculate the delivery tree in multicast routing protocols The Multicast Forwarding Cache includes the subnetwork that contains the multicast source and the nearest upstream neighbor for each known multicast group address Multicast Fonvarding Cache Group Address 234 7 6 99 Parameter Group Address Source Address
108. ces Therefore lower values should be assigned to ports attached to faster media and higher values assigned to ports with slower media Path cost takes precedence over port priority The default and recommended range is Ethernet 100 50 600 Fast Ethernet 19 10 60 Gigabit Ethernet 4 3 10 The full range is 0 65535 This parameter is used to enable disabled the Fast Spanning Tree mode for the selected port In this mode ports skip the Blocked Listening and Learning states and proceed straight to Forwarding NOTE Since end nodes cannot cause forwarding loops they can pass through the Spanning Tree state changes more quickly than allowed by standard convergence time Fast Forwarding can achieve quicker convergence for end node workstations and servers and also overcome other STA related timeout problems Remember that Fast Forwarding should only be enabled for ports connected to an end node device WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 167 5 7 3 Configuring Virtual LANs You can use the VLAN configuration menu to assign any port on the switch to any of up to 256 LAN groups In conventional networks with routers broadcast traffic is split up into separate domains Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains This can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle traffic such as IPX or NetBEUI By using IEEE 802 1Q compliant VLANs you can organize any group of network nodes into separate broadcast domains
109. ch the endpoint routers connect and the address of the router on this side of the link OSPF Virtual Link Configuration Area ID Heighhbor Router ID Status 192 168 3 0 192 168 3 254 Down Page 1 App ly Total lages z R lt Prev Page lt Hext Page Add Add OSPF area entry Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description Area ID An identifier for the transit area the virtual link crosses Neighbor IP The IP address of the OSPF router on this end of the virtual link WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 82 Modifying a Virtual Link You can modify or delete a virtual link by selecting the required entry in the table with your cursor and pressing Enter The screen will display configuration options as shown in the following example Parameter Area ID Neighbor IP Transit Delay Hetransmit Interval Hello Interval2 Dead Interval2 Authentication Type Authentication Key Delete Modify OSPF Virtual Link Area ID 192 168 3 0 Heighbor Router ID 192 168 353 254 Transit Delay Retranzmit Interval 4 5 Hello Interval 10 Dead Interval 40 Authentication Type HOHE Authentication Key HDS Key Table DK Cancel Config the transit delay READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Default 1 second 5 seconds 10 seconds 40 seconds None Description An identifier for the transit area the virtual link cross
110. ch this ID switch must communicate with the root of the Spanning Tree WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 105 4 6 4 Displaying VLAN Information These menus display information on the ports that have been automatically learned via GVRP and all those ports that have been configured by dynamic or static means to forward VLAN traffic VLAH Information FLAN Dynamic Registration Information VLAH Forwarding Information DK gt Display VLAN dynamic registration information Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Entec gt to select Menu Description VLAN Dynamic Shows the ports that have been automatically learned via GVRP Registration Information VLAN Shows all those ports that have been configured by either dynamic or static means to Forwarding forward VLAN traffic Information WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 106 4 6 4 1 VLAN Dynamic Registration Information This table shows the ports that have been automatically learned via GVRP VLAH Dynamic Registration Information Port I VLAM 123456 7890123456 7890123456 I D D Dynamic 2 Tr Di Page 1 Apply Total 1 Pages zu i e Frer Page gt Hest Page gt Return to previous panel Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select NOTES To scroll through the dynamic registration table use the lt Next Page gt and lt Prev Page gt buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and the
111. ch you are managing The system supports SNMP over UDP IP transport protocol In this environment all systems on the Internet such as network interconnection devices and any PC accessing the agent module must have an IP address Valid IP addresses consist of four numbers of 0 to 255 and separated by periods Anything outside of this format will not be accepted by the configuration program Subnet mask of the switch This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets Gateway used to pass trap messages from the system s agent to the management station Note that the gateway must be defined when operating at Layer 2 if the management station is located in a different IP segment Specifies whether IP functionality is enabled via manual configuration or set by Boot Protocol BOOTP Options include USER CONFIG IP functionality is enabled based on the default or user specified IP Configuration This is the default setting BOOTP Get IP IP is enabled but will not function until a BOOTP reply has been received BOOTP requests will be periodically broadcasted by the switch in an effort to learn its IP address BOOTP values can include the IP address default gateway and subnet mask The VLAN used for management access when Mgmt VLAN is selected See the next item WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 146 Mgt Access Specifies which VLAN have access right to its management interface Options
112. children and leaf flags Range 10 8000 seconds NOTE IGMP is automatically enabled disabled along with DVMRP See 6 4 2 IGMP Protocol WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 2 4 5 6 2 Protocol Configuration Use the Protocol Configuration screen to globally enable or disable unicast or multicast routing protocols for the switch Parameter ARP Proxy ARP RIP OSPF DHCP Relay Protocol Configuration Proxy ARP DISABLED RIP DISABLED Advanced OSPF DISABLED Advanced DHCP Relay DISABLED Advanced IGHP Snooping DISABLED Advanced DVMEP DISABLED Apply UE zCancel System ARP protocol advanced status Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Description Sets the aging time for dynamic ARP entries Enables or disables Proxy ARP globally for the switch This feature allows the switch to forward an ARP request from a node in the attached subnetwork that does not have routing or a default gateway configured to a remote subnetwork See 6 2 5 Proxy ARP If Proxy ARP is globally enabled for the switch then you can enable or disable it for a specific interface See 4 5 6 1 1 Adding an IP Interface or 4 5 6 1 3 Modifying an IP Interface Enables or disables the Routing Information Protocol The Advanced menu sets the interval at which the switch advertises known routes and also enables disables advertising for static routes or the default route Ena
113. ckbone areas into a common backbone To configure a virtual link specify the transit area through which the endpoint routers connect and the address of the router on this side of the link OSPF Virtual Link Configuration Area ID Neighbor Router ID Status Edit 192 158 3 0 192 158 3 254 Down d Add Mew Entry Parameter Description Area ID An identifier for the transit area the virtual link crosses Neighbor IP The IP address of the OSPF router on this end of the virtual link Modifying a Virtual Link You can modify or delete a virtual link by click edit icon for the required entry The screen will display configuration options as shown in the following example WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 191 Modify OSPF Virtual Link Configuration Area ID f H 158 3 U Neighbor Router IP f H7 158 3 254 Transit Delay fin seconds Retransmit Interval tin seconds E Hella Interval fin seconds Im Dead Interval fin seconds 4n Authentication Type None Authentication key WDS Table Save Delete Reset Cancel Parameter Area ID Neighbor IP Transit Delay Retransmit Interval Hello Interval2 Dead Interval2 Authentication Type Authentication Key Default 1 second 5 seconds 10 seconds 40 seconds None Description An identifier for the transit area the virtual link crosses The IP address of the OSPF router on this end of the virtual link The estimated number of seconds
114. cted later than 512 bit times into the transmission of a packet The number of times that the carrier sense condition was lost or never asserted when attempting to transmit a frame 203 Fragments The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in length excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and contained either an FCS or alignment error Jabbers The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and contained either an FCS or alignment error NOTE Statistics are refreshed every 10 seconds by default See 5 3 2 Configuring the Serial Port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 204 5 8 1 2 Displaying RMON Statistics Use the RMON Statistics screen to display key statistics for each port from RMON group 1 RMON groups 2 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP management software The following screen displays the overall statistics on traffic passing through each port RMON statistics provide access to a broad range of statistics including a total count of different frame types and sizes passing through each port Values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot Parameter Drop Events Received Bytes Received Frames Broadcast Frames Multicast Frames CRC Alignment Errors Undersize Frames Oversize Frames Fragments Jabbers Collisions 64 Byte Frames 65 127 Byte Frames 128 2
115. culating the Layer 3 checksum If the destination node is on the same subnetwork as the source network then the packet can be transmitted directly without the help of a router However if the MAC address is not yet known to the switch an Address Resolution Protocol ARP packet with the destination IP address is broadcast to get the destination MAC address from the destination node The IP packet can then be sent directly with the destination MAC address If the destination belongs to a different subnet on this switch the packet can be routed directly to the destination node However if the packet belongs to a subnet not included on this switch then the packet should be sent to a router with the MAC address of the router used as the destination MAC address and the destination IP address of the destination node The router will then forward the packet to the destination node via the correct path The router can also use the ARP protocol to find out the MAC address of the destination node of the next router when necessary Note In order to perform IP switching the switch should be recognized by other network nodes as an IP router either by setting it as the default gateway or by redirection from another router via the ICMP process When the switch receives an IP packet addressed to its own MAC address the packet follows the Layer 3 routing process The destination IP address is checked against the Layer 3 address table If the address is
116. d to connect an OSPF area not physically adjacent to the OSPF backbone or to create a backup link to any area WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 188 5 7 5 2 3 1 OSPF Area Configuration OSPF protocol broadcast messages i e Link State Advertisements are restricted by area to limit their impact on network performance Before assigning an Area ID to a specific OSPF interface you must first specify the Area ID in this table Each entry in this table identifies a logical group of OSPF routers that actively exchange Link State Advertisements LSAs to ensure that they share an identical view of the network topology You can configure the area as a normal one which can send and receive external Link State Advertisements LSAs a stubby area that cannot send or receive external LSAs or a not so stubby area NSSA that can import external route information into its area OSPF Area Configuration Area ID Type Edit 192 165 1 0 NORMAL 182 158 2 0 NORMAL 192 168 3 0 MOR MAL 192 165 4 0 NORMAL Add New Entry Parameter Description Area ID An OSPF area identifier configured for a group of OSPF routers For information on how to assign this identifier to a specific interface see4 5 6 1 5 Configuring OSPF Type Indicates area type Normal An area which can send or receive external route information Stub An area which cannot send or receive external route information It relies on a single default route provided by its Area Border Rou
117. dn uisum ossa is 55 4 5 4 3 Reset Address Table MOde cccccssccccccssseececceeseececceeeeeeecseaeeeeesaaaeceesseeeeeeeseaaaeeeessaaeeeeesseaeeeeeeaas 57 4 5 5 Contigo IGMP SNOOP O iures A AA E 58 45O CONTIGUA O IP SOI S A A AA A A da 60 45031 SUN EL CAR e eb iO ok coe 62 A5 6 11 AGGING sn IP IMteradO sucia 63 4 55 2 CODgurmdg POM Oro US total laa arde 65 4 5 6 1 3 Modiiying an IP ITIferfaeg ici 66 AM Rom x COMMOUnING AIR to E 67 4 55 4 5 Conlguting OSPF acacia ceu as ied 69 45 515 C orilidurig D VM EI assu oa E UMSO 72 4 5 6 2 ProlocoL COTMIGUEOHOL Ses ace 2ad mcenia uite leelo 73 4 5 6 2 1 Setting the ARP TiMe Oul ccccccssccccccessseecceeesececccesseceecseusececsseaeeecseaueeeeessaaeeesssagssseeesssaages 75 4 5 6 2 2 Setting the RIP Advertisement Policy oooccccccoonconcccconcnncnononcnnononancnnnnonancnnnnnnnncnnnnnnancnnnnnnnnnns 76 4 5 6 2 3 Configuring Global Settings for OSPF occccccccnncccccconoccconoonncnnnnnonononnnonnnononnonnnnnnononnnanennnnncnnnnnos 77 45 52 3 1 9SPE Area CONAM aca ico 79 4 5 6 2 3 2 OSPF Area Range Configuration oocccccncccccconnncnnncccnnnonnnnnnnnnonnnonnnnnnnnononnnnnnnnnnnnnnnonanennns 81 4 5 6 2 3 3 OSPF Virtual Link Configuratio sser tito e ro ita 82 4 5 6 2 4 Gonftig ring DHOP Relay ae n specu abeo ects aou Re dc t uix de ede Dae teed oor Ga sese ut ode rada le d re Moe 84 4 5 6 3 Stali ARP CONGUraO eer c e 85 4 56 4 Static Route Configuratio se
118. e VLAN tag However to forward a frame from a VLAN unaware device to a VLAN aware device the switch first decides where to forward the frame and then inserts a VLAN tag reflecting this port s default VID The default PVID is VLAN 1 for all ports but this can be changed VLAN aware VLAN aware switch switch VLAN 1 2 VLAN 1 3 802 1Q 802 1Q tags tags VLAN aware switch trunk VLAN 1 2 3 802 1Q tags VLAN aware switch 1 2 3 VLAN 1 3 Q untagge d VLAN aware VLAN aware switch switch WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 244 6 3 3 Connecting VLAN Groups The switch supports communication within a common VLAN using store and forward switching However if you have devices in separate VLANs that must communicate and it is not practical to include these devices ina common VLAN then the VLANs can be connected via Layer 3 routing provided by this switch Traditional routers use only physical port numbers in their routing tables which provides no support for VLANs By contrast this device supports Layer 3 routing by using both logical and physical port numbers to support VLANs and Layer 3 switching simultaneously By using the abstraction of a logical port number to represent a collection of physical switch ports in the same VLAN Layer 3 switching can occur from one VLAN to another transparently without changing the routing protocol and IP routing software while Layer 2 switching is still used for
119. e functions along with other advanced features are described in this chapter 6 1 Layer 2 Switching When a frame enters a port its destination MAC address is checked in the address database to see which port leads to this destination If the destination address belongs to the incoming port the frame is dropped or filtered If the destination port is found on another port the frame is forwarded to that port and queued for output But if the destination address is not found in the address database the frame is sent to one or more output ports based on the rules for handling tagged or untagged VLAN frames If the source MAC address of the frame was not found in the address database it is recorded along with the incoming port number where it entered the switch This information is then used to make later decisions for frame forwarding During switching the switch performs multiple steps including VLAN Classification Learning e Filtering Forwarding Aging The following sections provide additional information about the tasks the switch performs during unicast and multicast switching WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 228 6 1 1 Unicast Switching This section describes VLAN classification learning filtering and forwarding for unicast switching VLAN Classification When the switch receives a frame it classifies the frame in one of two ways If the frame is untagged the switch classifies the frame into the
120. e gt to scroll options WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 58 Parameter IGMP Snooping Status IGMP Router Timeout IGMP Group Timeout Act as IGMP Querier 7 Default Disabled Disabled Description If enabled the switch will monitor network traffic to determine which hosts want to receive multicast traffic This is also referred to as IGMP Snooping A switch port that stops receiving multicast protocol packets for this interval will be removed from the IGMP forwarding list Range 3 5 minutes The time between last spotting an IGMP Report message for an IP multicast address on a specific port and the switch removing that entry from its list Range 3 5 minutes If enabled the switch can serve as the querier which is responsible for asking hosts is they want to receive multicast traffic 1 This item is only displayed for Layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 For WGS3 404 and multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 the full IGMP protocol set is automatically enabled disabled along with DVMRP See 6 4 Multicast Filtering and 4 5 6 1 5 Configuring DVMRP 2 This item is only displayed for Layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 When IGMP is enabled for WGS3 404 and multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 the switch will always serve as the querier if elected WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 59 4 5 6 Configuring IP Settings If this switch is WGS3 404 or WGS3 2620 in multilayer mode see WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User
121. e menu to start On TFTP Client Set the mode to binary specify the IP address of the target switch and the directory path name of the file to transfer Then start transferring the configuration from the TFTP client or the switch and wait until the transfer completes For example type tftp i 203 70 249 118 GET source wgs3 txt on Windows 2000 s command prompt to download switch s configuration and type tftp 203 70 249 118 PUT wgs3 txt to upload the configuration file to switch WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 36 4 5 Device Control Menu The Device Control menu is used to control a broad range of functions including port mode port mirroring port trunking Spanning Tree Virtual LANs IP subnets multicast filtering and routing protocols Each of the setup screens provided by these configuration menus is described in the following sections Device Control Memi syatem Mode Layer 7 Heng Bridge Hem VLAH Henu IGMP Snooping Configuration security Henu DK gt Change system operation mode Use lt TAB or arrow keys to move lt Entec gt to select Menu Description System Mode Sets the switch to operate as a Layer 2 switch or as a multilayer routing switch Layer 2 Menu Configures port communication mode mirror ports and port trunking Bridge Menu Configures the Spanning Tree Protocol for the bridge or for specific ports GMRP and GVRP for automatic registration of
122. e message after waiting for a short random delay but without waiting for the periodic cycle RIP 2 is a compatible upgrade to RIP RIP 2 adds useful capabilities for plain text authentication multiple independent RIP domains variable length subnet masks and multicast transmissions for route advertising RFC 1388 There are several serious problems with RIP that you should consider before deciding which routing protocol to use for your network First of all RIP version 1 has no knowledge of subnets both RIP versions can take a long time to converge on a new route after the failure of a link or router during which time routing loops may occur and its small hop count limitation of 15 restricts its use to smaller networks WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 235 Moreover RIP version 1 wastes valuable network bandwidth by propagating routing information via broadcasts nor does it consider enough network variables to make the best routing decision 4 8 6 2 6 2 OSPFv2 Dynamic Routing Protocol OSPF overcomes all the problems of RIP It uses a link state routing protocol to generate a shortest path tree then builds up its routing table based on this tree OSPF produces a more stable network because the participating routers act on network changes predictably and simultaneously converging on the best route more quickly than RIP Moreover when several equal cost routes to a destination exist traffic can be distributed equally among them
123. e smaller ID forwards packets and the other is blocked All ports are blocked when the switch is booted then some of them change state to listening to learning and then to forwarding The cost for a packet to travel from this port to the root in the current Spanning Tree configuration The slower the media the higher the cost The priority and MAC address of the device through which this port must communicate to reach the root of the Spanning Tree The priority and number of the port on the designated bridging device through which this switch must communicate with the root of the Spanning Tree WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual SOA a 5 8 4 Displaying VLAN Information These menus display information on the ports that have been automatically learned via GVRP and all those ports that have been configured by dynamic or static means to forward VLAN traffic Menu Description VLAN Dynamic Shows the ports that have been automatically learned via GVRP Registration Information VLAN Forwarding Shows all those ports that have been configured by either dynamic or static Information means to forward VLAN traffic 5 8 4 1 VLAN Dynamic Registration Information This table shows the ports that have been automatically learned via GVRP VLAN Dynamic Registration Information VLAN Port Members 1 A E 5 8 4 2 VLAN Forwarding Information Shows all those ports that have been configured by either dynamic or static means to forward VLAN
124. ecific multicast service Multicast Group Port The ports that belong to the indicated VLAN group Lists Learned by Shows if this entry was learned dynamically or via IGMP Snooping An entry is learned dynamically if a multicast packet was seen crossing the port or via IGMP Snooping if an IGMP registration packet was seen crossing the port NOTE To scroll through the address table use the Next Page gt and lt Prev Page buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press Apply WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 109 4 6 6 IP Address Table This menu contains IP subnet information the ARP cache routing table as well as multicast groups and multicast routing information IP Address Table Subnet Information ARP Table Routing Tahle Hultioast Table OSPF Tahle UR Display and change the static route table Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Menu Description Subnet Displays a list of all the IP interfaces configured on this switch Information ARP Table Shows the IP to MAC addresses discovered by ARP Routing Table Shows the routes through which all recognized Ethernet networks and the corresponding VLAN can be reached Multicast Table Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch including the multicast IP address and the corresponding VLANs Also includes the IGMP registration table the multicast forw
125. ecify the cost of sending a packet on the interface Range 1 65535 69 Transit Delay 1 second Retransmit Interval 5 seconds Hello Interval 10 seconds Dead Interval 40 seconds Poll Interval 120 seconds Authentication Type NONE Authentication Key WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual The estimated number of seconds it takes to transmit a link state update packet over this interface Range 0 3600 seconds The number of seconds between retransmitting link state advertisements to router adjacencies on this interface This value is also used when retransmitting database descriptions and link state request packets Range 0 3600 seconds The interval in seconds between sending Hello packets out the router interface This interval determines how fast topology changes will be detected However for small intervals more overhead will be incurred in exchanging routing information Range 1 65535 seconds The number of seconds that a router s Hello packets have not been seen before its neighbors declare the router down This should be a multiple of the Hello interval Range 1 65535 seconds Sets the poll interval in seconds for this interface If a neighboring router has become inactive Hello Packets have not been seen for Router Dead Interval then it may still be necessary to send Hello Packets to the dead neighbor These Hello Packets are sent at the reduced rate which should be much larger than Hello Interv
126. econdej 300 Hax age in seconds 20 Apply lt O0K gt lt Canoel gt The status of the spanning tree READ SELECT Wee TAB or arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options Parameter Spanning Tree Enabled Default Bridge Priority 32 768 Hello Time 2 Description Enable this parameter to participate in a STA compliant network Bridge priority is used in selecting the root device root port and designated port The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device However if all devices have the same priority the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device Enter a value from 0 65535 Remember that the lower the numeric value the higher the priority Time interval in seconds at which the root device transmits a configuration message The minimum value is 1 The maximum value is the lower of 10 or Max Message Age 2 1 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 47 Forward Delay 15 Max Message 20 Age GMRP GVRP Priority Threshold Disabled Disabled 4 The maximum time in seconds the root device will wait before changing states that is listening to learning to forwarding This delay is required because every device must receive information about topology changes before it starts to forward frames In addition each port needs time to listen for conflicting information that would make it return to a blocking state other
127. ed entries are retained in the ARP cache Range 0 999 minutes where 0 disables aging WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 75 4 5 6 2 2 Setting the RIP Advertisement Policy You can use the following configuration screen to set the timing interval and policies RIP uses to advertise route information RIP Configuration RIF Update Time Seconds 30 Default Route Advertisement DISABLED Static Boute Advertisement i DISABLED Iqnore Host Route DISABLED Apply ZUR lt Canoel gt RIP timeout value i seconds READ SWRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Default Description RIP Update Time 30 seconds The interval at which RIP advertises known route information Range 0 999 seconds where 0 disables route advertisements Default Route Disabled Enables or disables advertising this switch as a default router Advertisement Static Route Disabled Enables or disables advertisement of static routes Advertisement Ignore Host Route Disabled If enabled the switch will not import a default route from other routers WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 6 4 5 6 2 3 Configuring Global Settings for OSPF To implement OSPF for a large network you must first organize the network into logical areas to limit the number of OSPF routers that actively exchange Link State Advertisements LSAs You can then define an OSPF interface by assigning an IP interface configured on this switch
128. ed on the Link State Table Neighbor Table and Virtual Neighbor Table Parameter Description Interface Table Displays interface OSPF status Link State Table Displays a summary link state advertisements Neighbor Table Displays current neighbor routers Virtual Neighbor Table Displays current virtual neighbors 5 8 6 5 1 Display Interface Table This function allow you to display each IP interface s OSPF status OSPF Interface Table IP address T Designated Router Backup DR Status Events 192 166 171 254 0000 192 166 1 254 0 0 0 0 DR 1 Parameter Description IP Address IP address of the interface Rtr ID The OSPF identifier for the neighboring router Designated Rtr The designated router IP address for the broadcast network on the interface Backup Rtr The backup designated router IP address for the broadcast network on the interface otatus The interface status Events The number of events encountered that cause a neighbor state change since boot up 5 8 6 5 2 Displaying the Link State Table The link state table displays all advertisements in the link state database This database contains linkage information for all the areas to which this router is attached Note that all the routers within an area exchange information to ensure that they maintain an identical link state database This database can therefore be used to troubleshoot network configuration problems WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 222 OSPF Link State
129. ee port Information Bridge Menu Spanning Tree Port Information Port 1 12 m e RR CAR m M RAE RR RR Port Type Status Degignated De amp ignated Designated Cost Bridge Port Imm MEM NEU E CREE REMO E CE CE E E REM REMO E O OMM O GERM REM REM E CREE NEM E E OMM REMO E GREM NEM E E CREE GEM E CU NEM E CU O E E CEEM E E REM RERO E E NEM E E EM RENS GERM REM REM E CEEM eee eee eee ee ee LHOTE FORWARD TING i 77768 OD LOB 1489400 128 1 z 100TX DISABLED 32768 00108548940 128 2 3 10DTX DISARLED i 37768 00108 5489400 134 3 E 100TX DISABLED 3276804 00105054039400 120 4 100TX DISABLED 32768 001065489400 128 3 E 1LOOTxX DISABLED i 47 76H 001089489400 124 6 Y 100 TX DISABLED 32768 001065489400 178 7 E LUUT DISABLED i J776 001089489400 12H 8 E 100TX DISABLED 32760 00106540 9400 128 95 10 10DTX DISABLED n 37768 001085489400 128 10 11 LUOTx DISAHLED ih ATZTFfG6B 8 0 01B0H 489430t 121 11 17 100 TX DISABLED LL 32768 0010654589400 128 17 DK lt Prev Page gt lt Hext Page gt Return to previous panel Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Entec gt to select WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 104 Parameter Type Status Designated Cost Designated Bridge ID Description Shows port type as 100TX 10BASE T 100BASE TX 1000T 1000BASE T 1000FX 1000Base SX 1000Base LX Displays current state of this port within the Spanning Tree Disabled No link has bee
130. elnet there may already be four active sessions Try connecting again at a later time Can t access the e Be sure you have set the terminal emulator program to VT100 on board configuration compatible 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity and 19200 bps program via a serial port connection Check that the null modem serial cable conforms to the pin out connections provided in Appendix B Forgot or lost the Reinstall the switch firmware as described on the next page password Otherwise contact Technical Support for help WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 249 A 2 Upgrading Firmware via the Serial Port You can upgrade system firmware by connecting your computer to the serial port on the switch and using a console interface package that supports the XModem protocol See 3 2 Required Connections 1 Restart the system by using the Restart System command or by pulling out the power cord to reset the power waiting five seconds and plugging it back in POST Version EgR A03 819 2000 Power On Self Test POST Int Loopback Testina SCC DARET Channel Testing the System SDRAM Int Loopback Testing UART Channel Int Loopback Teeting UART Channel CPU Self Test Test Accessing Agent s Config EEPROM FlashROM CheckSum Teste If you want to download image file Plea D gt to download Download Runtime image press E Download Diagnostic image press fad Clear the system parameter block Please input the
131. en aia a eaaa a i ai ea Aa ae aiaa 201 5 8 1 Displaying Port Sta USOS a ia aa a A edad 202 5 8 1 1 Displaying Ethernet Porn StaliStiCs ud ei a a ean E ese 202 5 912 Displaying RMON Statistics morae aa a e EE 205 5 6 2 Layer Z AOdless TADOS ads 207 5 8 2 1 Displaying the Unicast Address Table esee nennen nennen nnne nnns 207 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 5 6 3 DISDIAVING Bridge IDTOFIgUOEY A A aida 208 5 8 3 1 Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Informati0N cccooocnnncccnncccononononnccnononnncnnnnnnononannnnnnnnnnnnnanenons 208 5 9 3 2 Displaying the Curent SLATO POMS 2 23 t aede TER DR e om ise oa 210 5 8 4 Displaying VLAN Information c1cccccccseeeecssneeeccaueecssauseessaeeessaueeessauaeessauenessanenessaneessssaaansess 212 5 8 4 1 VLAN Dynamic Registration Information cccccseeccceeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeesaueeeeseceeeesaeeeesseeeeesaneeeenas 212 5042 VLAN Forwarding AMO LIMA TOWN ete sectoaen ead eria me eee nn tao e eee ttr a tog aec cna eq de eR ao 212 5 0 5 IP Multicast Registration Table 2 i Ati dd a div eu xa V d d 213 OO MON o s eitis A E PM M PD RU D ML aan 214 5 8 6 1 Displaying Subnet Information a dt ions 214 SAN Pin PADIS A O E Rm 215 0 90 09 ROUNO OIC EN ERE TU 215 95 9 6 4 Mulicast Tablada dada 217 5 8 6 4 1 Displaying IGMP Registration Table oooncccccocnnncnccononncnnoononcnnnnonannonnnnnannnnnnonnnrnnnnonanennnnnnss 218 5 8 6 4 2 Displaying the Mult
132. er itself SumLSA Summary LSA Advertise the cost to a specific subnetwork outside the router s area or the cost to a specific autonomous system boundary router ExtLSA External LSA Advertises link state information for each known network outside the autonomous system The identifier for the router originating this entry usually in the form of an IP address The IP address of the originating router The link state sequence number used to remove previous duplicate LSAs The number of seconds since this LSA was originated WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 125 4 6 6 5 3 Displaying the Neighbor Table Each router exchanges link state information with all neighbors physically attached to the same network segment This table displays a summary of the link state for all adjacent neighbors Note that neighboring routers are discovered by this device via Hello messages OSPF Heighbor Table IP Address ID Router ID Option Priority State Erents 197 168 4 254 O 197 168 4 254 3 1 Full 6 Page Apply Total O ages lt OK lt Prev Page gt lt Hext Page gt The page number READ WRITE Use TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description IP Address IP address of the neighboring router ID The index number of the router interface to which this neighbor is attached For IP protocol this value will always be zero Router ID The OSPF identifier for the neighboring router Option The
133. es The IP address of the OSPF router on this end of the virtual link The estimated number of seconds It takes to transmit a link state update packet over this virtual link Range 0 3600 seconds The number of seconds between retransmitting link state advertisements to the router at the other end on the virtual link This value is also used when retransmitting database descriptions and link state request packets Range 0 3600 seconds The interval in seconds between sending Hello packets out the router interface Range 1 65535 seconds The number of seconds that a router s Hello packets have not been seen before the router at the other end of the virtual link is declared down This should be a multiple of the Hello interval Range 1 65535 seconds Authentication can be used to ensure that routing information comes from a valid source The options include none or a simple password A simple password must be provided if authentication is enabled An authentication string is case sensitive and can be up to 16 characters WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 83 4 5 6 2 4 Configuring DHCP Relay If a DHCP server is not located in the same subnet with a host you can configure this switch to forward any host configuration queries to a server located on another subnet or on another network Depending on the configuration setup the switch either e Forwards the packet to a preferred server as defined in the switch configuration using un
134. escription of the switch including contact information and hardware firmware versions Menu Description System Information Provides basic system description including contact information Switch Information Shows hardware firmware version numbers power status and expansion modules used in the stack 5 5 1 Displaying System Information Use the System Information screen to display descriptive information about the switch or for quick system identification as shown in the following figure and table system Information System Description 24 2G Layer 5 Fast Cigabit Ethernet Switch System Object ID 1 5 5 1 4 1 10456 1 462 System Up Time od h 6 min Us system Name NENNEN system Contact NENNEN system Location NEN m e Parameter Description System Description System hardware description System Name Name assigned to the switch system Object ID MIB II object identifier for switch s network management subsystem Location Specifies the area or location where the system resides Contact Contact person for the system System Up Time Length of time the current management agent has been running Maximum string length is 99 but the screen only displays 45 characters You can use the arrow keys to browse the whole string WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 142 5 5 2 Displaying Switch Version Information Use the Switch Information screen to display hardware firmware version numbers for the switch
135. ess Delete for the required entry To modify an address press amp forthe required entry to copy the configuration to the edit fields make any necessary changes then press Apply WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 162 5 7 2 Using the Bridge Menu The Bridge menu is used to configure settings for the Spanning Tree Algorithm as well as the global bridge settings for GMRP GARP Multicast Registration Protocol and GVRP GARP VLAN Registration Protocol traffic classes priority threshold and address aging time The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to detect and disable network loops and to provide backup links between switches bridges or routers This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices that is an STA compliant switch bridge or router in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network and provide backup links that automatically take over when a primary link goes down For a more detailed description of how to use this algorithm refer to 6 1 3 Spanning Tree Algorithm Menu Description Bridge Configuration Contains global bridge settings for STA including bridge priority hello time forward delay maximum message age GMRP GVRP traffic class priority threshold and address aging time STA Port Contains STA settings for individual ports including port priority path cost and fast Configuration forwarding 5 7 2 1 Configuring Global Bridge Settings
136. ess at most e Pv4 Layer 3 routing supporting RIP 1 2 OSPF DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol e 8 53G 19 2G non blocking Store and Forward switching architecture e RS 232 console interface for console program managements Web Telnet Support e Port based Trunking support increase the bandwidth between switches 2 4 8 port in one trunk e 255 port based VLANs eliminate the broadcast packet increase the LAN security for different segments e GMP multicast snooping and filtering e Port mirroring for port traffic diagnose with sniffer programs e RMON group 1 2 3 9 support e 19 1U height rack mounting e 100 240VAC 50 60Hz universal Power input e FCC CE class A compliant WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual ad 1 2 Specification HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS _100Base TX Ports 2400 Module Slot 100Base TX include FDX ACT Speed 1000Base T 1000Mbps Category 5 5e or above 8 wire 430 mm x 334 mm x 44 mm W x D x H SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS Architecture High Performance Store amp Forward Switching Architecture Buffer Memory Switching fabric 8 53Gbps 19 2Gbps Table Layer 3 64K IP entry rate Layer 3 wired speed forwarding Trunking 10 100 Ports Up to 8 ports per trunk Up to 4 ports per trunk Gigabit Ports 2 gigabit ports as a trunk Port Mirroring Monitor port transmitting receiving activity Dual priority queues for each port Protocol Layer 2 Transparent to higher layer protocols Network
137. et Length i53 Apply Cancel Parameter Default Description Load Default Size YES Select YES to use default packet size 1536 To enable Jumbo Packet function Toggle it to NO Jumbo Packet 1536 Specify the maximum packet size allowed on this switch Size Range 1536 to 9216 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 200 5 8 Monitoring the Switch The Network Monitor Menu provides access to port statistics address tables STA information VLANs registration and forwarding information multicast groups and subnet addresses Each of the screens provided by these menus is described in the following sections Menu Port Statistics Layer 2 Address Table Bridge Menu VLAN Menu IP Multicast Registration Table IP Menu Description Displays statistics on port traffic including information from the Interfaces Group Ethernet like MIB and RMON MIB Contains the unicast address table Displays Spanning Tree settings for the overall switch and for specific ports Displays ports dynamically learned through GMRP or GVRP and ports that are currently forwarding VLAN traffic Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch including the multicast IP address and the corresponding VLANs Displays all the IP subnets used on this switch as well as the corresponding VLANs and ports Also contains the ARP table routing table and multicast menu 1 This menu is only displayed if WGS3 2620 is set to Layer
138. et address and routing protocols Port Group Configuration See 5 7 3 2 VLAN Table Configuration Configures ARP timeout enables Proxy ARP sets the preferred servers for BOOTP DHCP Relay as well as enabling configuring unicast and multicast protocols globally for this switch Used to map an IP address to a specific physical MAC address Used to configure static routes to other IP networks subnetworks or hosts Defines the router to which this switch will forward all traffic for unknown networks WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 176 5 7 5 1 Subnet Configuration Use this menu to specify an IP interface for any VLAN configured on this switch that needs to communicate with a device outside of its own group that is another network segment You also need to define a VLAN for each IP subnet connected directly to this switch Note that you must first create a VLAN as described under 5 7 3 Configuring Virtual LANs before configuring the corresponding subnet IP Subnet Configuration Destination Network Subnet Mask VLAN Proxy Arp RIP OSPF DVMHBP Edit 192 168 1 254 255 255 2550 1 x af Pd d Add Mew Entry Edit IP Subnet Configuration Destination Network Q3 158 1 254 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 VL AH Proxy Arp RIP m Advanced gt gt OSPF Advanced gt DvMRP Advanced gt gt Save Delete Reset Cancel Parameter Description IP Address The IP address associated with the s
139. et ports Over Heat Fan Failure and Power The LEDs are explained in the following tables LED Color Indication System Power Lights to indicate switch is receiving power Fan Failure m Lights to indicate one of the fans is failed and standby fan is running Over Heat Lights to indicate the internal temperature is equal to or higher than 60 degree C 10 100 1000 Ports Green Lights to indicate the Switch is actively receiving or sending the data over the port FDX COL Yellow Lights green to indicate that the port is operating in full duplex mode Blinks orange periodically to indicate that the connection is experiencing collisions Green Lights to indicate that the Switch is sending or receiving data at 1000 Mbps Green Lights to indicate that the Switch is sending or receiving data at 100 Mbps Yellow Lights to indicate that the Switch is sending or receiving data at 10 Mbps 1 There are two 4 inch fans and one 2 inch fan in the unit Normally one of the 4 inch fans and 2 inch fan is running Another 4 inch fan is standby and not working Once one of the two running fans is failed the standby fan will be drove to run and the Fan LED will light on 2 When the internal temperature is equal to or higher than 60 degree C the standby fan will be drove to run and the Temp LED will light on Once the temperature is equal to or higher than 70 degree C the buzzer will sound You can press the buzzer On Off button to turn off the
140. eters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table Veer Configquratian User Hami Accesa Right Console Telnet HT TF gue s t CUES T DISABLED DISABLED ERAEL ED a dama r ADHIH ERAHLED ENAULED ENABL ED AAA cR Return to previous panel Use lt TABD gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description User Name Specifies a user authorized management access to the switch via the console Telnet or HTTP Access Right There are two options ADMIN Read Write for all screens GUEST Read Only for all screens Console Authorizes management via the console Telnet Authorizes management via Telnet HTTP Authorizes management via HTTP that is Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 0 or later version lt does not support Netscape currently WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual E To add a new user select Add When you add a user the following screen is displayed Veer Configuration Add User lacer Ham Passwort Access Bight 1 GUEST Console A coese DISABLED Telnet Access DISABLED HTTP Access i EHABLETD lt 0K gt a IFTE rama lt Canoel gt READ WRITE Wee lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description User Name Telnet or HTTP Password sensitive Access Right Console Access Authorizes management via the console Telnet Access Authorizes management via Telnet HTTP Access version Specifies a user autho
141. figuration file to the switch from the client PC NOTE Saving and restoring switch configuration settings can then be initiated by using any TFTP client utility such as the command line utility included in Windows NT 2000 XP For example using Windows NT from a DOS window command prompt enter the TFTP command in the form TFTP i host GET PUT source destination To transfer a file On Switch Specify the IP address of the TFTP client and select Download from switch or Upload to Switch Then select Start from the menu to start On TFTP Client Set the mode to binary specify the IP address of the target switch and the directory path name of the file to transfer Then start transferring the configuration from the TFTP client or the switch and wait until the transfer completes For example type tftp i 203 70 249 118 GET source wgs3 txt on Windows 2000 s command prompt to download switch s configuration and type tftp i 203 70 249 118 PUT wgs3 txt to upload the configuration file to switch WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 153 5 7 Device Control Menu The Device Control menu is used to control a broad range of functions including port mode port mirroring port trunking Spanning Tree Virtual LANs IP subnets multicast filtering and routing protocols Each of the setup screens provided by these configuration menus is described in the following sections Menu Layer 2 Menu Bridge Menu VLA
142. figure the default priority for each port Time out period in seconds for aging out dynamically learned MAC addresses information Range 10 1000000 seconds WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 165 5 7 2 2 Configuring STA for Ports The following figure and table describe port STA configuration STA Port Configuration Port Type BOBASE TX 2 BOBASE TX 3 DOBASE TX 4 1O0BASE TH 5 BOBASE TX 5 BOBASE TX 7 LOOBASE TH B 100BA43E TX g 100B4 E TE 10 BOBASE TX Priority 128 128 128 128 1l 128 128 128 128 128 128 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 166 Cost p MOP MOP w w TUTT FastForwarding Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Parameter Type Priority Path Cost Fast Forwarding Default 128 100 19 4 Disabled Description Shows port type as 100TX 10BASE T 100BASE TX 1000T 1000BASE T 1000FX 1000Base SX or 1000Base LX Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same the port with the highest priority that is lowest value will be configured as an active link in the opanning Tree Where more than one port is assigned the highest priority the port with lowest numeric identifier will be enabled The range is O 255 This parameter is used by the STA algorithm to determine the best path between devi
143. following sections Use Hetwork Monitor Menu Port Statistica Layer 7 Address Table Bridge Hem VLAH Henu IP Menu DK gt Display port atatistica lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Entec gt to select Menu Port Statistics Layer 2 Address Table Bridge Menu VLAN Menu IP Multicast Registration Table IP Menu 7 Description Displays statistics on port traffic including information from the Interfaces Group Ethernet like MIB and RMON MIB Contains the unicast address table Displays Spanning Tree settings for the overall switch and for specific ports Displays ports dynamically learned through GMRP or GVRP and ports that are currently forwarding VLAN traffic Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch including the multicast IP address and the corresponding VLANs Displays all the IP subnets used on this switch as well as the corresponding VLANs and ports Also contains the ARP table routing table and multicast menu 1 This menu is only displayed if WGS3 2620 is set to Layer 2 mode 2 This menu is only displayed on WGS3 404 or WGS3 2620 when it is set to multilayer mode WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 93 4 6 1 Displaying Port Statistics Port Statistics display standard statistics on network traffic from the Interfaces Group and Ethernet like MIBs as well as a detailed breakdown of traffic based on the RMOM MIB Statistics Me
144. for an existing VLAN The VLAN Table Configuration of WGS3 2620 and WGS3 404 are slightly different For WGS3 2620 the VLAN Table Configuration is as the following VLAH Memnu VLAH Table Configuration Fart 1 a WLAH 12315676901234567690123456 ee SAA AS 55555555 Hormal 2 SS ln imieniien itii a Static ER Reg Fixed A Forbidden Page 1 cApply Total 1 Pages aU Prev Page gt lt Hext Page gt Ada Return to previous panel Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select The configuration parameter for WGS3 2620 is as the following Parameter Description VLAN The ID for the VLAN currently displayed Range 1 4094 Port Port entries may be marked as Normal Uses GVRP to determine port membership o Static Adds port as a static entry GVRP protocol is disabled R Registration Fixed Adds port as a static entry GVRP protocol messages are still forwarded through this port X Forbidden Disables GVRP for this VLAN on the specified port If a removed port is no longer assigned to any other group as an untagged port it will automatically be assigned to VLAN group 1 as untagged NOTE Use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons to scroll through the table To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and press Apply To modify a VLAN group highlight the entry in the table and press Enter To add a VLAN group press Add WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 55
145. for each IP subnet connected directly to this switch Note that you must first create a VLAN as described under Configuring Virtual LANs before configuring the corresponding subnet If you need to manage the switch in band then you must define the IP subnet address for at least one VLAN IP Subnet Configuration Intf IP Address Subnet Mask VLAH RIP OSPF DVHRP Status 1 192 168 1 754 255 255 255 0 1 DISABLED DISABLED DISABLED OH Page lt Apply gt Total Intf 1 MAX value is 32 X UR lt Prev Page gt xHext Page gt Add The page number READ WRITE Parameter IP Address Subnet Mask VLAN RIP OSPF DVMRP Use TAB or arrow keys to more other keys to make changes Description The IP address associated with the specified VLAN interface In general it is the router IP address for the specified VLAN members A template that identifies the address bits in the host address used for routing to specific subnets Each bit that corresponds to a 1 is part of the network subnet number and each bit that corresponds to 0 is part of the host number The VLAN associated with this IP interface Routing Information Protocol for unicast routing Open Shortest Path First unicast routing protocol Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol NOTE Use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons to scroll through the subnet configuration table To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then pre
146. from 1 to 255 Key An alphanumeric password of up to 16 bytes 1 The Area ID is used to specify a group of contiguous networks and hosts OSPF protocol broadcast messages are restricted by area to limit their impact on network performance 2 his value must be the same for all routers attached to a common network WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 2734 4 5 6 1 6 Configuring DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol is used to route multicast traffic to nodes which have requested a specific multicast service via IGMP See 6 4 4 DVMRP Routing Protocol To configure DVMRP you must specify the routing metric probe interval and neighbor router timeout Suhnet Configuration Hodify DVMBP Configuration Metrica mg Probe Interval in seconda id Heighhor Timeout in gecomndisgb 35 lt Apply gt lt gt Cancel Hetrica READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Default Description Metrics 1 hop This value is used to select the best reverse path to networks that are connected directly to an interface on this switch Range 1 31 hops Probe Interval 10 seconds The interval between sending neighbor probe messages to the multicast group address for all DVMRP routers Range 5 30 seconds Neighbor 35 seconds The interval to wait without hearing from a DVMRP neighbor before Timeout declaring it dead This is used for timing out routes and for setting the
147. g Community NAMES ccccccccseeseeeeceeeceaeeeeeeceeeeeseeeceeeeesseeesseeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeesssaeassseeeeeeees 30 4 4 3 2 Configuring IP Trap Managers ccccccccsssssseeceeeeceeeeseceeceeeseeeeeceeeeeseeeeueeceeeeessaeaeeeeeeeesssaesaaaaeeeeeees 31 444 USEF LOGIN GCODlIQUI aom esie odio sas aeo rete oll ahah tar SM ULL E Eds 32 4 4 5 Downloading System Sowara 0 a E 34 4 4 6 Saving or Restoring the System Configuration sessi 35 45 DEVICE CONTROL VIN Wish ceases ccc von bor De a 37 4 5 1 Setting the System Operation Mode reei E 38 LoL LWZ MONU mM A O II a tetia 39 4 5 2 1 Configuring Port Pararmlelers itc a a a 40 4 5 2 2 Using a Mirror Port for Analysis WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 45 2 3 0nftgubma ONL ERUFIKS 9 65 91 0001 oni io ii 42 4 5 2 4 Configuring the Static Unicast Address Table oooconnnccnnccccononnncnnnnonononnnccnnnnononononnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnns 44 4 5 2 5 Configuring the Static Multicast Address Table oooonccccnccccccoonccononononononoconnnononononnnnnnnnnnnnanannnnnns 45 A ISI MIS Bridge MEN dci 46 4 5 3 1 Contiguring Global Bridge Setas ui da O 47 4 5 9 2 Configuring gt PATON POS A a a a a e 50 4 254 COMMOUNIO VAAL EAINS oo iata ts tas 52 4 54 1 MEAN Port Configuration ss seen e pete ue E HE Msn tum n mdi E EE LO Sedes 52 4 5 4 2 VLAN Table CohfigulatiOETo s s ettodiocdos ket v cite io eda cuba et los iae desta aestu olx dude vt od i edades ta ird
148. ganize any group of network nodes into separate broadcast domains confining broadcast traffic to the Originating group This also provides a more secure and cleaner network environment For more information on how to use VLANs see 6 3 Virtual LANs The VLAN configuration screens are described in the following sections 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration You can use the VLAN Port Configuration screen to configure GARP the default VLAN identifier default port priority VLAN tagging on the attached link GVRP and GMRP status and filtering of incoming frames for VLAN groups to which this port does not belong VLAH Menu VLAN Port Configuration BARF Configuration Join Time BET centiseconas Leare Time 60 Centizsecormds Leare All Time 1000 Centizecoanidsa WLAH and Priority Port VID 1 Fort Default Priority 0 LAN Tagging Ex ALL Tx Untag EP EBHAELET RP EBMABLED Ingrese Pillering DISABLED Port i lt Apply gt lt DE gt lt Cancel gt lt Prev Fort Hent Port gt The join time for the port READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 52 Parameter Default GARP Join Time 20 Leave Time 60 Leave All Time 1000 Description Group Address Registration Protocol is used by GVRP and GMRP to register or deregister client attributes for client services within a bridged LAN The interval centiseconds between transmitting requests queries to
149. guration switch IP Filtering Specifies the source or destination IP address for any traffic to be filtered from the Configuration switch This menu item is only displayed for WGS3 404 or multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 5 7 6 1 Configuring MAC Address Filters Any node that presents a security risk or is functioning improperly can be filtered from this switch You can drop all the traffic from a host device based on a specified MAC address Traffic with either a source or destination address listed in the Security Filtering Configuration table will be filtered MAC Filtering Configuration MAC Address Edit 00304F 012345 JF MAC Ad dress Add Delete Cancel 5 7 6 2 Configuring IP Address Filters If any node presents a security risk you can filter all traffic for this node by entering its address into the IP Security Filter Any packet passing through the switch that has a source or destination IP address matching an entry in this table will be filtered IP Filtering Configuration IP Filter Entry List Edit 10 1 1 1 d IP Address Add Delete Cancel WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 199 5 7 7 Jumbo Packet Configuration This menu is only available for WGS3 404 In general Ethernet only allow maximum 1518 bytes packet size This option allow the switch to transmit up to 9216 bytes packet size to increase data transmission efficiency Jumbo Packet Configuration Load Default Size ves Jumbo Pack
150. h ports contain group members and send data out to those ports only This procedure is called multicast filtering The purpose of IP multicast filtering is to optimize a switched network s performance so multicast packets will only be forwarded to those ports containing multicast group hosts or multicast routers switches instead of flooding traffic to all ports in the subnet VLAN The switch routing switch supports IP multicast filtering not only by passively monitoring IGMP Query and Report messages and DVMRP Probe messages to register end stations as multicast group members Layer 2 but also by actively sending GMRP Query messages to learn the location of multicast routers switches and member hosts in multicast groups within each VLAN Layer 3 This switch also supports the DVMRP multicast routing protocol required to forward multicast traffic to other subnets 6 4 1 IGMP Snooping A Layer 2 switch can passively snoop on IGMP Query and Report packets transferred between IP multicast routers switches and IP multicast host groups to learn the IP multicast group members It simply monitors the IGMP packets passing through it picks out the group registration information and configures multicast filters accordingly IGMP Snooping generates no additional network traffic allowing you to significantly reduce the multicast traffic passing through your switch 6 4 2 IGMP Protocol The Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP runs between hosts
151. he Ethernet Switch You can try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient the receiving radio or TV antenna where this may be done safely To the extent possible relocate the radio TV or other receiver away from the Switch Plug the Ethernet Switch into a different power outlet so that the Switch and the receiver are on different branch circuits If necessary you should consult the place of purchase or an experienced radio television technician for additional suggestions CE Mark Warning In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures Revision User s Manual for PLANET Layer 3 Gigabit Ethernet Switch Model WGS3 404 WGS3 2620 Rev 2 0 October 2002 Part No EMQ WGS3 v1 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION curia iii 1 D uz REM A 1 e OPE CII CANON M 2 CHAPTER 2 INSTALLING THE SWITCH iii idad 4 eL PACKAGE CONTENTO sos iea put o dod dp du utet oM Mog Ed En lcd OP Qn Neq MEUM DRE UM M ELLO EDUNIE 4 272 DESCRIPTION odi 4 22 APOE PANG OF WOGSS 2620 d lom aa I E EV e Du a 4 S FONE Panel DES cc HU 4 2 2 1 2 POP Describa uM eee M MM AME ee ME 4 NIUE DENION TT UT UU M 5 2 2 2 Front Panel OF WOSS MOd i ober AAA AA
152. he discovered via ARP ARP Table IP Address HAC Address VLAH Port 192 188 D 7 D cD 18 f 19 aaa4 1 1 192 168 0 2 20 031 78 19 44 01 i 1 197 168 111 156 00 20 cc 566 26 ha l 1 192 168 1 253 00 03 24 00 06 H08 1 1 203 70 249 1 00 00 h4 5d amp 9 ERf 1 1 JID3 TD T19 7 ngn 60 67 17 Du 7hb l 1 203 70 249 7T 00 c0 02 19 62 15 1 1 203 TO 749 10 00 06 209 a232 67 41 1 1 203 70 749 11 00 04 ac 96 08 1d 1 1 TD3 7D 749 71 00 00 64 c05 43 gt bc0 1 1 203 70 249 22 00 O00 bi 92 76 al 1 1 203 70 749 75 00 30 4f h 3c b9 1 1 Page 1 CK Firet Page gt lt Hext Page gt Return to previous panel Use lt TAB or arrow keys to move lt Entec gt to select Parameter Description IP Address IP addresses for which ARP has resolved the physical address through a broadcast message MAC Address MAC address that maps to the corresponding IP address VLAN The VLAN group to which this host has been assigned Port The port to which this host device is attached WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 112 4 6 6 3 Routing Table The Routing Table lists the routes through which all recognized Ethernet networks and corresponding VLAN can be reached This table includes all routes learned through routing protocols or manual configuration Routing Table M ztinatinon Network Destination Mask VLAN Hext Hop Type 0 04 u 0 0 0 0 1 203 70 249 2594 indirect 203 70 249 0 255 255 255 1 1 203 70 749 116 Direct Page i Apply
153. he status or loading of the network Dynamic routing involves the determination and updating of all the routing information required for packet forwarding e Handling routing protocols Updating the routing table Updating the Layer 3 switching database The switch supports RIP and RIP 2 dynamic routing protocols 6 2 6 1 RIP and RIP 2 Dynamic Routing Protocols The RIP protocol is the most widely used routing protocol The RIP protocol uses a distance vector based approach to routing Routes are determined on the basis of minimizing the distance vector or hop count which serves as a rough estimate of transmission cost Each router broadcasts its advertisement every 30 seconds together with any updates to its routing table This allows all routers on the network to learn consistent tables of next hop links which lead to relevant subnets Just as Layer 2 switches use the Spanning Tree Algorithm to prevent loops routers also use methods for preventing loops that would cause endless retransmission of data traffic RIP utilizes the following three methods to prevent loops from occurring Split horizon never propagate routes back to an interface port from which they have been acquired Poison reverse propagate routes back to an interface port from which they have been acquired but set the distance vector metrics to infinity This provides faster convergence Triggered updates whenever a route gets changed broadcast an updat
154. he unicast table Address Table Static Multicast Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the multicast table Address Table 5 7 1 1 Configuring Port Parameters Use the Port Configuration menu to display and Edit icon to set communication parameters for any port on the switch including administrative status auto negotiation default communication speed and duplex mode as well as flow control in use Port Configuration Port Link Status Admin Status Auto Negotiate Default Type Current Control Flow Control Jack Type Edit x Enabled doses RGIS oie eee qum RM5 Duplex 2 t Enabled Enabled O TS 10M Helf Duplex Off RM5 uplex 3 st Enabled Enabled IUM Hel oM Half Duplex Off RIAS Duplex 4 st Enabled Enabled eee I M Hal Duplex Off Ris 5 sg Enabled Enabled 8 10M HalfDuplex Off RM uplex 6 x Enabled Enabled O 10M Helf Duplex Off RM5 gf uplex 7 x Enabled Enabled 10M HalfDuplex Ofi RM5 ff uplex x Enabled Enabled Too LOM Hali Dupex Off RM5 of g x Enabled Enabled pond I M Half Duplex Off RM5 gf Click 4 the following table will be show to allow setting each port s parameter WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 155 Edit Port Configuration Port 1 Link Status it Admin Status Auto Negotiate Default Type LOM Half Duplez Current Type 10M Half Duplex Flow Control Of Jack Type EJ 45 Parameter Link Status Admin Status Auto Negotiate Default Type Current
155. hen this switch receives the multicast message it checks its unicast routing table to locate the port that provides the shortest path back to the source If that path passes through the same port the multicast message was received on then this switch records path information for the concerned multicast group in its routing table and forwards the multicast message on to adjacent routers except for the port through which the message arrived on This process eliminates any potential loops from the tree and ensures that the shortest path in terms of hop count is always used WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 244 6 5 Class of Service CoS Support The switch provides two transmit queues on each port with a weighted fair queuing scheme This function can be used to provide independent priorities for various types of data such as real time video or voice and best effort data Priority assignment to a packet in this switch can be accomplished in any of the following ways Priority can be explicitly assigned by end stations which have applications that require a higher priority than best effort This switch utilizes the IEEE 802 1p and 802 1Q tag structure to decide priority assignments for the received packets A port may be manually configured as high priority In this case when any other port receives traffic from a high priority port that traffic is automatically placed in the high priority output queue WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Ma
156. how the Router ID is determined There are three options STATIC User can manual configure the Router ID STATIC INTF The VLAN 1 IP address will be used as Router ID ACTIVE INTF The first active interface will be used as Router ID A 32 bit number assigned to each router running the OSPF protocol This number uniquely identifies the router within an Autonomous System Enable or disable the compatibility to RFC 1583 OSPF version 2 Defines an area within which all OSPF routers actively exchange routing information to ensure that they all have an identical link state database Defines a range of subnetwork addresses An area range is used to summarize route information exchanged between Area Border Routers Defines a virtual link that can be used to connect an OSPF area not physically adjacent to the OSPF backbone or to create a backup link to any area 78 4 5 6 2 3 1 OSPF Area Configuration OSPF protocol broadcast messages i e Link State Advertisements are restricted by area to limit their impact on network performance Before assigning an Area ID to a specific OSPF interface you must first specify the Area ID in this table Each entry in this table identifies a logical group of OSPF routers that actively exchange Link State Advertisements LSAs to ensure that they share an identical view of the network topology You can configure the area as a normal one which can send and receive external Link State Advertisements LSAs
157. ial problems 6 9 Remote Monitoring RMON Remote Monitoring provides a cost effective way to monitor large networks by placing embedded or external probes on distributed network equipment hubs switches or routers Network management software can access the embedded probes in network products to perform traffic analysis troubleshoot network problems evaluate historical trends or implement proactive management policies RMON has already become a valuable tool for network managers faced with a quickly changing network landscape that contains dozens or hundreds of separate segments RMON is the only way to retain control of the network and analyze applications running at multi megabit speeds It provides the tools you need to implement either reactive or proactive policies that can keep your network running based on real time access to key statistical information This switch provides support for mini RMON which contains the four key groups required for basic remote monitoring These groups include Statistics Includes all the tools needed to monitor your network for common errors and overall traffic rates Information is provided on bandwidth utilization peak utilization packet types errors and collisions as well as the distribution of packet sizes History Can be used to create a record of network utilization packet types errors and collisions You need a historical record of activity to be able to track down intermittent problems Hist
158. icast routing or e Broadcasts the DHCP Request again to another directly attached IP subnet specified in the switch configuration Specify the address for any DHCP server or specify the subnet address for an outbound IP interface already configured on this switch as described in the following screens Hootp Relay Database Configuration Index Server Address 1 1B 1 2 1 2 192 160 10 3 a gt zAdd Return to previous panel Use lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description Index Server Used to define any preferred DHCP servers or the outbound subnetwork for Address relaying a DHCP request broadcast Up to five entries are permitted WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 84 4 5 6 3 Static ARP Configuration Use the following screen to display or edit entries in the Static ARP Table Entries added to this table are retained until the associated IP interface is deleted or the switch Is reset to the factory defaults Static ARP Table IF Address HAC Address Intertace 192 166 1 252 00 00 00 12 34 56 1 Page 1 Apply Total 1 Pages c UK lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt Add Return to previous panel Wee lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description IP Address IP address statically mapped to a physical MAC address MAC Address MAC address statically mapped to the corresponding IP address Interface The index number of the IP interface that will use this static ARP entry Port 0 refers to the CPU
159. icast Forwarding Cache cccccccseeseeceeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeessaeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeesaeeeeeeeeas 219 5 8 6 4 3 Displaying the DVMRP Routing Table ccccccoocccnccccocccnncononccnncononccnnnononnnnnonnannnnnnnanennnnnnns 220 5 8 6 4 4 Displaying the DVMRP Neighbor Table ccccooooccccccccocccncconocccnncononcnnnoononnonnnononnnnnnononnnnnnos 221 5 865 OSPF Table cis E TE avn aiacnaendane 222 5 9 6 5 1 Display interlace Table oie eoe soe e og oo swa ea A a da 222 5 8 6 5 2 Displaying the Link State Table nata 222 5 8 6 5 3 Displaying the Neighbor Table ccccccseseccccsseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeeeaeeeeeeseeeeeeessaaeeeeeeesaas 223 5 8 6 5 4 Displaying the Virtual Neighbor Table ccoooccccoccccccnncoccncconncconnnonnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnonanncnnnnnonos 225 5 9 FRESE TING THE gt STE Mii N 227 CHAPTER 6 ADVANCED TOPICS suis Za 228 6 1 LAYER 2 SWITCH risa da 228 OA UNICAS ESWICIIO G toda 229 p 1 2 MUINCAST WIEN at ida 230 6 1 3 SPANNING Tree Algorithm cocccoccocconncccnnocccoooonnnnnnnnnnonononnnnnnononnonnnnnnnnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnannnnnnnnns 230 6 2 LAYER SS WITCHIN Basi di 232 6 2 FNMA GORNOUIAUON A A A do A RR Ad 232 022 A ene eee ee Cee ered eee Ia eee a ee 233 6 2 3 Routing Path Management cccccscesccccesecccscueeccsaseccnseueecnsaeeenscsesensauesensauesensaueesssacasensansees 234 6 2 4 ICMP Router Discovery ECT 234 VR FAIA EE E aa eat ou E E Ta
160. idge Displays a full list of STA values used for the bridge Information Spanning Tree Port Displays a list of STA values used for each port including status designated cost Information designated bridge and designated port 5 8 3 1 Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Information The STA Bridge Information screen displays a summary of STA information for the overall bridge To make any changes to these parameters use the Bridge STA Configuration menu as described on 5 7 2 Using the Bridge Menu The parameters shown in the following figure and table describe the current Bridge STA settings STA Bridge Information Priority 32768 Hello Time 2 seconds Max Age 20 seconds Forward Delay 15 seconds Hold Time 1 seconds Designated Root 32768 00304F18E640 Root Cost 0 Root Port 0 Configuration Changes 1 Topology Up Time 672565 Parameter Description Priority Device priority is used in selecting the root device root port and designated port The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device However if all devices have the same priority the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device Hello Time The time interval in seconds at which the root device transmits a configuration message Max Age The maximum time in seconds a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 208 Forward Delay Hold
161. ifferent VLANs the network is partitioned into subnetworks that are disconnected at Layer 2 Network traffic within the same subnet is still switched using Layer 2 switching And the VLANs can now be interconnected only as required with Layer 3 switching Each VLAN represents a virtual interface to Layer 3 You just need to provide the network addresses for each virtual interface and the traffic between different subnetworks will be routed by Layer 3 switching Inter subnet traffic Layer 3 switching nn Intra subnet traffic Layer 2 switching VLAN Configuration for Layer 3 Note When operating the switch in multilayer mode all ports should be defined as untagged and no VLANS can overlap You should also assign the same default PVID to the ports at both ends of a link if the VLAN must cross the switches See VLAN Tagging configuration These limitations will be removed for future firmware versions WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 232 6 2 2 IP Switching IP Switching or packet forwarding encompasses tasks required to forward packets for both Layer 2 and Layer 3 as well as traditional routing These functions include e Layer 2 forwarding switching based on the Layer 2 destination MAC address Layer 3 forwarding routing Based on the Layer 3 destination address Replacing destination source MAC addresses for each hop Incrementing the hop count Decrementing the time to live Verifying and recal
162. including the multicast IP address and the Registration Table corresponding VLANs See 5 8 5 IP Multicast Registration Table IGMP Cache Displays all active multicast groups including the IP interface each entry appears on the entry age and the time left before the entry is aged out Multicast Displays all active multicast groups including the multicast source address the Forwarding Table upstream neighbor the multicast routing protocol and the entry age DVMRP Routing Displays the source address for each known multicast service the upstream Table neighbor the IP interface each entry appears on the routing metric and the entry age DVMRP Neighbor Displays all the neighbor routers accessible through each IP interface including the Table entry age the time left before the entry is aged out the protocol version and the number of routing updates received from each neighboring router WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 21 5 8 6 4 1 Displaying IGMP Registration Table The switch provides a local registry of active multicast groups for each IP interface including the age and expiration time for each entry IGMP Registration Table Group Address Interface Reporter Up Time Expire Time V1 Timer 224 1 1 1 1 192 166 1 19 27000 375300 0 Parameter Description Group Address An IP multicast group address with subscribers directly attached or downstream from this switch Interface The IP interface on this switch that has re
163. ing devices including STA compliant switches bridges or routers in your network to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network If redundant paths or loops are detected one or more ports are put into a blocking state stopped from forwarding packets to eliminate the extra paths Moreover if one or more of the paths in a stable spanning tree topology fail this algorithm will automatically change ports from blocking state to forwarding state to reestablish contact with all network stations STA uses a distributed algorithm to select a bridging device STA compliant switch bridge or router that serves as the root of the spanning tree network It selects a root port on each bridging device except for the root device which incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that device to the root device Then it selects a designated bridging device from each LAN which incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that LAN to the root device All ports connected to designated bridging devices are assigned as designated ports After determining the lowest cost spanning tree it enables all root ports and designated ports and disables all other ports Network packets are therefore only forwarded between root ports and designated ports eliminating any possible network loops Once a stable network topology has been established all bridges listen for Hello BPDUs Bridge Protocol Data Units transmitted
164. intra VLAN traffic The switch uses standard routing tables that are constructed via static configuration or dynamic routing protocols such as RIP Each routing entry consists of a network address that is an IP address with a subnet mask and a virtual interface number Each virtual interface corresponds to a virtual LAN identified by the VLAN ID Also note that multiple routing entries can be provided for the same virtual interface by adding the required routing table entries for the same virtual interface A simple VLAN configuration that supports routing is shown below lt Network gt Virtual Interface gt 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 Routing Table PY TL h 3 a 5 6 1 b3 ohh dd eem a ee 0 PVID Table 1 0 0 1 2005 3 0 0 5 3 0 0 10 VLANs Connected via IP Routing WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual DAD 6 4 Multicast Filtering Multicasting sends data to a group of nodes instead of a single destination The simplest way to implement multicasting is to broadcast data to all nodes on the network However such an approach wastes a lot of bandwidth if the target group is small compared to the overall broadcast domain Since applications such as video conferencing and data sharing are widely used today efficient multicasting has become vital A common approach is to use a group registration protocol that lets nodes join or leave multicast groups A switch or router can then easily determine whic
165. ion Community Name A community entry authorized for management access The maximum string length is 20 characters Access Management access is restricted to Read Only or Read Write Status Displays the administrative status of entry An entry can only be to enabled or disabled via the console interface NOTE WGS3 404 management interface is slightly different on this and other menus It provide a Edit icon to modify the parameter WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 149 5 6 2 2 Configuring IP Trap Managers The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch Up to 5 trap managers may be entered IP Trap Manager IP Address Community Name Status ola zj g 3 4 3l 4 0000 Disabled Parameter Description IP Address IP address of the trap manager Community Name A community authorized to receive trap messages Status Displays the administrative status of entry An entry can only be to enabled or disabled via the console interface WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 150 5 6 3 User Login Configuration Use the User Configuration screen to restrict management access based on user names and passwords The default administrator admin has write access for parameters governing the on board agent You should therefore assign a password to the administrator as soon as possible a
166. is switch for this purpose See 6 2 6 1 RIP and RIP 2 Dynamic Routing Protocols WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 179 5 7 5 1 4 Configuring OSPF Open Shortest Path First is more suited for large area networks which experience frequent changes in the links It also allows for subnets This protocol actively tests the status of each link to its neighbors to generate a shortest path tree and builds a routing table based on this information OSPF then utilizes IP multicast to propagate routing information A separate routing area scheme is also used to further reduce the amount of routing traffic You can use the following menu to specify the area identifier or other key routing parameters as described in the following table Modify OSPF Configuration Area ID Router Priority Interface Cost Transit Delay in seconds Hetransmit Interval in seconds Hello Interval in seconds Dead Interval in seconds Polling Interval in seconds Authentication Type JUTE LIE 0 Li 120 Mane Authentication Key MDS Table Save Reset Cancel Parameter Default Area ID 0 0 0 0 Router Priority 1 Interface Cost 100 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual Description A 32 bit integer uniquely identifying an OSPF protocol broadcast area This identifier can be in the form of an IP address or integer Each port on the switch can be configured to represent one OSPF area You must first specify
167. isions D efered Transmissions T Late Collisions Excess Collisions lc arrier Sense Errors Drop Events F Fragments fe ctets 25432188 I abbers E S cem SS p um Retresh Reset Port Statistics Reset All Statistics Parameter Description Interfaces Group In Octets The total number of octets received on the interface including framing characters WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 202 In Unicast Pkts In Non Unicast Pkts In Discards In Errors Alignment Errors Out Octets Out Unicast Pkts Out Non Unicast Pkts Out Discards Out Errors CRC Errors Ethernet Like single Collisions Deferred Transmissions Excessive Collisions Drop Events Octets Multiple Collisions Late Collisions Carrier Sense Errors WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual The number of subnetwork unicast packets delivered to a higher layer protocol The number of non unicast that is subnetwork broadcast or subnetwork multicast packets delivered to a higher layer protocol The number of inbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being deliverable to a higher layer protocol One possible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer space The number of inbound packets that contained errors preventing them from being deliverable to a higher layer protocol The number of alignment errors mis synchronized data
168. itch to any device that uses a standard network interface such as a workstation or server or to a network interconnection device such as a bridge or router Prepare the network devices you wish to network Make sure you have installed 10BASE T 100BASE TX or 1000BASE T network interface cards for connecting to the switch s RJ 45 ports Prepare straight through shielded or unshielded twisted pair cables with RJ 45 plugs at both ends Use 100 ohm Category 3 4 or 5 cable for standard 10Mbps Ethernet connections 100 ohm Category 5 cable for 100Mbps Fast Ethernet connections or Category 5e cable for 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet connections Connect one end of the cable to the RJ 45 port of the network interface card and the other end to any available RJ 45 port on the switch When inserting an RJ 45 plug be sure the tab on the plug clicks into position to ensure that it is properly seated Using the switch in a stand alone configuration you can network up to 26 end nodes NOTE Make sure each twisted pair cable does not exceed 100 meters 328 feet We advise using Category 5e cable for all network connections to avoid any confusion or inconvenience in the future when you upgrade attached devices to Gigabit Ethernet Restrictions on Cascade Length The IEEE 802 3 standard recommends restricting the number of hubs i e repeaters cascaded via twisted pair cable to 4 while IEEE 802 3u provides even stricter recommendations for Fast Ethernet Theref
169. iving all types of OSPF routing protocol packets Loading Link State Request packets are sent to the neighbor asking for more recent advertisements that have been discovered but not yet received in the Exchange state Full The neighboring routers are fully adjacent These adjacencies will now appear in router links and network links advertisements The number of events encountered that cause a neighbor state change since boot up WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 129 4 7 Resetting the System Use the Restart command under the Main Menu to reset the management agent The reset screen is shown below Sygtem Begtart Hemi Rrstart Option Reload Factory Defaults Y zRestart zCancel Resatart aystem with the factory default settings READ SELECT Use lt TAB gt of arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options Parameter Description Reload Factory Defaults Reloads the factory defaults Restart Restarts the switch NOTE When restarting the system it will always run the Power On Self Test It will also retain all system information unless you select to reload the factory defaults WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 130 4 8 Logging Off the System Use the Exit command under the Main Menu to exit the configuration program and terminate communications with the switch for the current session WOS3 404 Hain Menu System Information Henu Management Setup Menu Device Control Henu Hetwork
170. jacent routers Down This is the initial state of a neighbor conversation It indicates that there has been no recent information received from the neighbor Attempt This state is only valid for neighbors attached to non broadcast networks It indicates that no recent information has been received from the neighbor but that the router is attempting to contact the neighbor by sending Hello packets Init A Hello packet has recently been seen from the neighbor However bidirectional communication has not yet been established with the neighbor 2 Way Communication between the two routers has been established This is the most advanced state short of beginning adjacency establishment Note that both the Designated Router and Backup Designated Router are selected from the set of neighbors in state 2 Way or greater ExStart This is the first step in creating an adjacency between the two neighboring routers The goal of this step is to decide which router is the master and to decide upon the initial sequence number Neighbor conversations in this state or greater are called adjacencies Exchange The router is describing its entire link state database by sending database description packets to the neighbor Each database description packet has a sequence number and is explicitly acknowledged All adjacencies in Exchange state or greater are used by the flooding procedure In fact these adjacencies are fully capable of transmitting and rece
171. k systems Spanning tree detects and directs data along the shortest path maximizing the performance and efficiency of the network Telnet Defines a remote communication facility for interfacing to a terminal device over TCP IP Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP A TCP IP protocol commonly used for software downloads Virtual LAN VLAN A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network A VLAN serves as a logical workgroup with no physical barriers allowing users to share information and resources as though located on the same LAN XModem A protocol used to transfer files between devices Data is grouped in 128 byte blocks and error corrected WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 259
172. kit e AC power cord e This Manual CD e Console cable 2 2 Description of Hardware 2 2 1 Front Panel of WGS3 2620 The front panel of the Switch has 24 RJ 45 ports for 10 100 Mbps in the middle The port status LEDs are indicated at the left The 1000Base T ports are situated at the right 2 2 1 1 Front Panel Description LEDs System LEDs 10 100 RJ 45 Ports 1000Base T Ports 9 PLANET P gu uos c gio e A E E E T 0 100 1000Mbps Ethernet Layer 3 Switch Mod 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 G2 30M ode ACT WGS3 2620 m ode x ud x mm z Lu E EH x uH zr a G1 a 2 2 1 2 Port Description Ports of Ports Description 10 100 24 These RJ 45 ports support network speeds of either 10Mbps or 100 Mbps and can operate in half or full duplex modes 1000Base T 2 These two RJ 45 ports provide 1000Base T network connection and can operate on full duplex modes WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual sA 2 2 1 3 LED Definition The LEDs indicate the status of 10 100 Mbps Ethernet ports 1000Base T ports Temp Fan and Power Indication Port has established a valid network connection OA 1 There are two 4 inch fans and one 2 inch fan in the unit Normally one of the 4 inch fans and 2 inch fan is running Another 4 inch fan is standby and not working Once one of the two running
173. layed on the screen WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 30 4 4 3 2 Configuring IP Trap Managers The following figure and table describe how to specify management stations that will receive authentication failure messages or other trap messages from the switch Up to 5 trap managers may be entered Ame ud Ra FP E E da B E TAB gt of arrow keye to move lt 5pace gt to gecroll options amp HHP Configuration IP Trap Manager IP Address Command ly Hame Status 203 70 249 14 Public EHABLED 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 U 0 0 0 0 Apply gt LR x i i TL The administrative status of entry 1 READ SELECT Parameter IP Address Community Name Status Description IP address of the trap manager A community specified for trap management access Sets administrative status of selected entry to enabled or disabled WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 2D s 4 4 4 User Login Configuration Use the User Configuration menu to restrict management access based on specified user names and passwords There are two user types Administrator and Guest Only the Administrator has write access for parameters governing the SNMP agent You should therefore assign a user name and password to the Administrator as soon as possible and store it in a safe place If for some reason your password is lost or you cannot gain access to the System Configuration Program contact Technical Support for assistance The param
174. le port or through a network connection using Telnet or a Web browser When managing the switch by any of these means a user name and password is required to enter the system There are two sets of user names and passwords One set has administrator rights which allows you to view or modify system parameters The other set has read only access which allows you to view the status of the system but not to modify it 6 7 3 MAC Address Filters If you discover that some nodes are sending abnormal or malicious data that could adversely affect the network or cause security problems you can set their MAC addresses to be filtered by the switch Any packets with a source or destination address listed in the MAC address filter will then be dropped by the switch upon entry 6 7 4 IP Address Filters IP addresses can also set to be filtered by the switch IP packets with a source or destination address listed in the IP address filter will be dropped by the switch upon entry WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 247 6 8 SNMP Management Software SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol is a communication protocol designed specifically for managing devices or other elements on a network Network equipment commonly managed with SNMP includes hubs switches bridges routers and host computers SNMP is typically used to configure these devices for proper operation in a network environment as well as monitor them to evaluate performance and detect potent
175. management software WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual sd Chapter 4 Console Interface 4 1 Login Screen Once a direct connection to the serial port or a Telnet connection is established the login screen for the on board configuration program appears as shown below 24 75 Layer 3 Fast Gigabit Ethernet Switch 4 29 2001 cR Copyright PLAMET Technology Corp Paserard If this is your first time to log into the configuration program then the default user names are admin with no password The administrator has Read Write access to all configuration parameters and statistics You should define a new administrator password record it and put it in a safe place Select User Configuration from the Management Setup Menu and enter a new password for the administrator Note that passwords can consist of up to 15 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive NOTE You are allowed three attempts to enter the correct password on the third failed attempt the current connection is terminated After you enter the user name and password you will have access to the system configuration program illustrated by the following menu map WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual oe System Information System Information Menu Switch Information Network Configuration Management Setup Serial Port Configuration Menu SNMP Configuration User Configuration TFTP Download IP Configuration 1 IP Connectivity Test Ping H
176. may fall causing serious damage to the product e The air vent should never be blocked by placing the product on a bed sofa rug or other similar surface This product should never be placed near or over a radiator or heat register This product should not be placed in a built in installation unless proper ventilation is provided e This product should be operated from the type of power source indicated on the marking label If you are not sure of the type of power available consult your dealer or local power company e This product is equipped with a three wire grounding type plug a plug having a third grounding pin This plug will only fit into a grounding type power outlet This is a safety feature If you are unable to insert the plug into the outlet contact your electrician to replace your outlet Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding type plug e Do not allow anything to rest on the power cord Do not place this product where persons will walk on the cord e f an extension cord is used with this product make sure that the total ampere ratings on the products into the extension cord do not exceed the extension cord ampere rating Also make sure that the total of all products plugged into the wall outlet does not exceed 15 amperes e Never push objects of any kind into this product through air ventilation slots as they may touch dangerous voltage points or short out parts that could result in a risk of fire or electric shock Never s
177. multicast and VLAN groups traffic class priority threshold and address aging time VLAN Menu Configures VLAN settings for specific ports and defines the port membership for VLAN groups IGMP Snooping Configures IGMP multicast filtering Configuration IP Menu Configures the subnets for each VLAN group global configuration for unicast and multicast routing protocols IGMP snooping Security Restrict access through MAC address or IP address Jumbo Packet Menu Allow the WGS3 404 to send up to 9k jumbo packet 1 Only displayed for Layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 2 Only displayed for Multilayer mode of WGS3 2620 and WGS3 404 3 Only displayed for WGS3 404 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual T 4 5 1 Setting the System Operation Mode WGS3 2620 can be set to operate as a Layer 2 switch making all filtering and forwarding decisions based strictly on MAC addresses Or it can be set to operate as a multilayer routing switch whereby it switches packets for all non IP protocols such as NetBUEI NetWare or AppleTalk based on MAC addresses and routes all IP packets based on the specified routing protocol The System Mode menu is shown below Note that the switch will be automatically rebooted whenever the system operation mode is changed Syelem Mode lt 0K gt Multilayer opration Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description Layer 2 Filtering and forwarding decision will be based on MAC
178. n established on this port Otherwise the port has been disabled by the user or has failed diagnostics Blocking Port receives STA configuration messages but does not forward packets Listening Port will leave blocking state due to a topology change starts transmitting configuration messages but does not yet forward packets Learning Port has transmitted configuration messages for an interval set by the Forward Delay parameter without receiving contradictory information Port address table is cleared and the port begins learning addresses Forwarding The port forwards packets and continues the learning addresses The rules defining port status are A port on a network segment with no other STA compliant bridging device is always forwarding ftwo ports of a switch are connected to the same segment and there is no other STA device attached to this segment the port with the smaller ID forwards packets and the other is blocked All ports are blocked when the switch is booted then some of them change state to listening to learning and then to forwarding The cost for a packet to travel from this port to the root in the current Spanning Tree configuration The slower the media the higher the cost The priority and MAC address of the device through which this port must communicate to reach the root of the Spanning Tree DesignatedPort The priority and number of the port on the designated bridging device through whi
179. n mode you have to specify an active MD5 key on this table Up to 8 key can be added on the table but only one can be Active The others should be left to be Valid To remove the key set the status to be Invalid and select Apply Each key consists of two parameters Key ID An identifier from 1 to 255 Key An alphanumeric password of up to 16 bytes 1 The Area ID is used to specify a group of contiguous networks and hosts OSPF protocol broadcast messages are restricted by area to limit their impact on network performance 2 his value must be the same for all routers attached to a common network WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual s182 5 7 5 1 5 Configuring DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol is used to route multicast traffic to nodes which have requested a specific multicast service via IGMP See 6 4 4 DVMRP Routing Protocol To configure DVMRP you must specify the routing metric probe interval and neighbor router timeout Parameter Default Description Metrics 1 hop This value is used to select the best reverse path to networks that are connected directly to an interface on this switch Range 1 31 hops Probe Interval 10 The interval between sending neighbor probe messages to the multicast group seconds address for all DVMRP routers Range 5 30 seconds Neighbor 35 The interval to wait without hearing from a DVMRP neighbor before declaring it Timeout seconds dead This is used for timing o
180. n press lt Apply gt WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 107 4 6 4 2 VLAN Forwarding Information Shows all those ports that have been configured by either dynamic or static means to forward VLAN traffic VLAH Forwarding Information ee eee eee eee ee Port 1 VLAH 12345678901234567890123456 l 555555 5555555 55555555555 5 Static at 5 5 D Dynamic Page E App Ly Total 1 Pages UK lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt Enter page mher than presas Apply to ace VLAH group READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes NOTE To scroll through the dynamic registration table use the Next Page gt and lt Prev Page gt buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press Apply WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 108 4 6 5 IP Multicast Registration Table This table displays all the multicast groups active on the switch including the multicast IP address and the corresponding VLANs IP Multicast Registration Tables 1 2 WLAH Multicast IP 12345676901234567690173456 Learned hy 1 2243 1 1 1 H Lee Page El lt Apply gt Total 0 Pages lt 0K gt lt Prer Page gt Hest Page The page number READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description VLAN A VLAN with host members that have asked to receive the indicated multicast Service Multicast IP A source IP address that represents a sp
181. nagement station to Fast Forwarding see 4 5 3 2 Configuring STA for Ports to improve the switch s response time to management commands issued through the Web interface After you enter the user name and password you will have access to the system configuration program illustrated by the following menu hierarchy WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual s132 System Information System Information Menu Switch Information Network Configuration 1 Management Setup Serial Port Configuration Menu SNMP Configuration User Configuration TFTP Download IP Configuration IP Connectivity Test Ping HTTP Configuration SNMP Communities IP Trap Manager Configuration File Layer 2 3 Multilayer 3 Port Configuration Mirror Port Configuration Port Trunking Configuration Static Unicast Address Configuration Static Multicast Address Configuration System Mode 3 Bridge Configuration Layer 2 Menu Bridge Menu VLAN Menu Device Control Spanning Tree Port Configuration Menu VLAN Port Configuration VLAN Table Configuration Reset Address Table Moder 4 IP Menu 2 IGMP Snooping Configuration 1 Security Menu Jumbo Packet Menu 4 Subnet Configuration Protocol Configuration Static ARP Configuration Static Route Default Route Unicast Address Table Port Statistics Port Statistics RMON Statistics MAC Filtering Configuration IP Filtering Configuration 2 Menu Bridge Menu Spanning Tree Port Inform
182. nagers User Configuration Sets the user names and passwords for system access WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 15 TFTP Download Downloads new version of firmware to update your system in band Configuration File Download the VLAN and routing configuration to a file or upload the configuration file to the switch Device Control Menu 3 System Mode Sets the switch to operate as a Layer 2 switch or as a multilayer routing switch Layer 2 Menu Configures port communication mode mirror ports port trunking and static unicast multicast address Bridge Menu Configures GMRP and GVRP for the bridge and STA for the global bridge or for specific ports VLAN Menu Configures VLAN settings for specific ports and defines the port membership for VLAN groups IGMP Snooping Configures IGMP multicast filtering Configuration IP Menu Configures the subnets for each VLAN group global configuration for unicast and multicast protocols BOOPP DHCP relay static ARP table entries static routes and the default route Security Restrict access through MAC address or IP address 4 Jumbo Packet Menu Allows the switch to send jumbo packet up to 9k Network Monitor Menu Port Statistics Displays statistics on port traffic including information from the Interfaces Group Ethernet link MIB and RMON MIB Layer 2 Address Table Contains tables for all unicast static unicast and static multicast addresses as well as the filter
183. nd store it in a safe place 5 6 3 1 Displaying the Current User Configuration Use this menu to display the names and access rights for people authorized to manage the switch User Configuration Access Right Console Telnet HTTP pe guest Jy Enabled l Enabled M Enabled cain admin Iv Enabled Iv Enabled M Enabled guest C Enabled Enabled Enabled guest C Enabled l Enabled I Enabled guest C Enabled L Enabled Enabled User Name User Password Apply Parameter Description User Name Specifies a user authorized management access to the switch via the console Telnet or HTTP An entry can only be deleted via the console interface User Password Password associated with this entry Access Right ADMIN Read Write for all screens GUEST Read Only for all screens Console Authorizes management via the console Telnet Authorizes management via Telnet HTTP Authorizes management via HTTP These entries can consist of up to 15 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 151 5 6 4 Downloading System Software Use the TFTP Download menu to load software updates to permanent flash ROM in the switch The download file should be a binary file or an image file otherwise the agent will not accept it The success of the download operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection After downloading the new
184. nds 49 4 5 3 2 Configuring STA for Ports The following figure and table describe port STA configuration Spanning Tree Port Configuration Port 1 17 mmm um NEG NEM RENE ZEE CS GERM O CENE KEEN E GERE E E E CENE E E O E A ZEE E E E O E E O A NEEM Port Type Priority Cost FastPo warding EE eee eee eee eee eee eee ee LUOTA 178 19 BISAEBLED 2 100TX 128 15 DISABLED 3 AUDTX 178 19 DBISABLED E LOOT 178 14 DISABLED 5 100TX 178 19 DISABLED 5 LOOTX 17H 19 DISABLED 7 100TX 178 19 DISABLED A LUUT 178 19 DISABLED 9 100TX 128 19 DISABLED 10 100TX 178 19 DISABLED 11 LOUTA 178 15 DISABLED 12 AU0TX 178 19 DISABLED Apply gt DK gt Cancel Prev Page gt lt Hext Page gt fo to prerious ports panel Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 50 Parameter Type Priority Path Cost Fast Forwarding Default 128 100 19 4 Disabled Description Shows port type as 100TX 10BASE T 100BASE TX 1000T 1000BASE T 1000FX 1000Base SX or 1000Base LX Defines the priority for the use of a port in the STA algorithm If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same the port with the highest priority that is lowest value will be configured as an active link in the opanning Tree Where more than one port is assigned the highest priority the port with lowest numeric identifier will be enabled The range is O 255 This parameter is used by
185. nds for a response to each ping WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 25 4 4 1 3 HTTP Configuration Use the HTTP Configuration screen to enable disable the on board Web agent Hetwork Configuration HTTP Configuration Apply KR lt Canocel gt Administrative status of the HTTP server READ SELECT Wee lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options NOTE Port 80 is used for HTTP service WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 26 4 4 2 Configuring the Serial Port You can access the on board configuration program by attaching a VT100 compatible device to the switch s serial port For more information on connecting to this port see Required Connections on Section 3 2 The communication parameters for this port can be accessed from the Serial Port Configuration screen shown below and described in the following table Serial Port Configuration Hanagement Mode we SOLE POULIE Haud rate 19200 Data bite B Stop bits 1 Parity HOWE Time Out in minutis D Auto Befresh in seconds 10 Apply Ea i lt Canoel gt The connection made of the serial port READ SELECT Wee lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 2 Parameter Management Mode Baud Rate Data Bits Stop Bits Parity Time Out Auto Refresh Default Console Mode 19200 8 bits 1 bit None 10 second WGS3 Layer 3 Switch Use
186. network but communicate as though they belong to the same physical segment VLANs help to simplify network management by allowing you to move devices to a new VLAN without having to change any physical connections VLANs can be easily organized to reflect departmental groups such as Marketing or R amp D usage groups such as e mail or multicast groups used for multimedia applications such as video conferencing VLANS provide greater network efficiency by reducing broadcast traffic and allow you to make network changes without having to update IP addresses or IP subnets VLANs inherently provide a high level of network security since traffic must pass through a configured Layer 3 link to reach a different VLAN This switch supports the following VLAN features Up to 255 VLANs based on the IEEE 802 1Q standard Distributed VLAN learning across multiple switches using explicit or implicit tagging and GVRP protocol Port overlapping allowing a port to participate in multiple VLANs Not supported for multilayer mode End stations can belong to multiple VLANs Passing traffic between VLAN aware and VLAN unaware devices Priority tagging WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 239 6 3 1 Assigning Ports to VLANs Before enabling VLANs for the switch you must first assign each port to the VLAN group s it will participate in By default all ports are assigned to VLAN 1 as untagged ports Add a port as a tagged port that is a port
187. network device immediately upstream for this multicast delivery tree Interface The IP interface on this switch that connects to the upstream neighbor Metric The metric for this interface used to calculate distance vectors Up Time The time elapsed since this entry was created WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 220 5 8 6 4 4 Displaying the DVMRP Neighbor Table The DVMRP Neighbor Table contains the switch s DVMRP neighbors as discovered by receiving DVMRP protocol messages DWMRP Neighbor Table Neighbor Interface Address Up Time Expire Time Version Rev Route 1 10 2 32 254 1237 31 3 21 Parameter Description Interface The IP interface on this switch that connects to the upstream neighbor See 5 8 6 1 Displaying Subnet Information Neighbor The IP address of the network device immediately upstream for this multicast delivery Address tree UpTime The time since this device last became a DVMRP neighbor to this switch ExpireTime The time remaining before this entry will be aged out Version The neighboring routers DVMRP version number Rev Route The total number of routes received in valid DVMRP packets from this neighbor This can be used to diagnose problems such as unicast route injection as well as giving an indication of the level of DVMRP route exchange activity WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 221 5 8 6 5 OSPF Table You can use this menu to display the OSPF router linkages for the autonomous system bas
188. ng bits but including FCS octets The total number of frames including bad packets received and transmitted where the number of octets fall within the specified range excluding framing bits but including FCS octets WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 205 256 511 Byte Frames 512 1023 Byte Frames 1024 1518 Byte Frames 1519 1536 Byte Frames NOTE Statistics are refreshed every 10 seconds by default See 5 3 2 Configuring the Serial Port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 206 5 8 2 Layer 2 Address Tables This menu includes the unicast address table Menu Description Unicast Address Table Provides a full listing for unicast addresses 5 8 2 1 Displaying the Unicast Address Table The Unicast Address Table contains the MAC addresses associated with each port that is the source port associated with the address The information displayed in the Address Table is indicated in the following figure and table Unicast Address Table Address Port 000064123484 13 DOOOB45D0E28F 13 Parameter Description Address The MAC address of a node seen on this switch Port The port whose address table includes this MAC address WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 207 5 8 3 Displaying Bridge Information The Bridge menu is used to display settings for the Spanning Tree Algorithm For a more detailed description of how to use this algorithm refer to 6 1 38 Spanning Tree Algorithm Menu Description Spanning Tree Br
189. ng capability and TOS capability You need to map the binary bits to the supported options For example 3 indicates both routing capability and TOS capability WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 225 State Events The communication state for two adjacent routers Down This is the initial state of a neighbor conversation It indicates that there has been no recent information received from the neighbor Attempt This state is only valid for neighbors attached to non broadcast networks It indicates that no recent information has been received from the neighbor but that the router is attempting to contact the neighbor by sending Hello packets Init A Hello packet has recently been seen from the neighbor However bidirectional communication has not yet been established with the neighbor 2 Way Communication between the two routers has been established This is the most advanced state short of beginning adjacency establishment Note that both the Designated Router and Backup Designated Router are selected from the set of neighbors in state 2 Way or greater ExStart This is the first step in creating an adjacency between the two neighboring routers The goal of this step is to decide which router is the master and to decide upon the initial sequence number Neighbor conversations in this state or greater are called adjacencies Exchange The router is describing its entire link state database by sending database descrip
190. nicast table Configuration Static Multicast Address Used to manually configure host MAC addresses in the multicast Configuration table WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 39 4 5 2 1 Configuring Port Parameters Use the Port Configuration menu to display or set communication parameters for any port on the switch including administrative status auto negotiation default communication speed and duplex mode as well as flow control in use Layer 2 Menu Port Configuration Port 1 17 Port Link Admin Auto Default Current Flos Jack Status Status Hrgotiate Type Type Control Type 1 mor SNC ENABLED 10HDX 1DHDX ort RT 45 2 HEE ENABLED ENABLED 10HDX 10HDX bff EJ 45 3 IT f ENABLED ENARBL ED OHF 10HD Xx TEE REI 45 oll UTI ENABLED ENABLED LUND LOND ortf BRI 45 5 Ir f ENABLED EHABLET 10HDX 10HDX ire ExJ d 5 LS her ENABLED ENABLED 10HDX LOAD ort Kal 25 7 Ef EHABLED EHABL ED 10HDX 10HDX ore Ru 45 a HEE ENABLED EMABIL ED 10HDX LURADE off Far 45 3 het ENABLED ENABLED 10HDX 10HDX ff ExJ 45 10 heft ENABLE ENABLED AUHDX 10HDX ff RI 45 11 UTI ENABLED ENABLED l UHDEx LORD orf BI 415 12 I f ENABLED EHABLET 10HD X 10HDX Tr ExJ d 5 lt Apply gt ZR lt Canoel lt Prev Page gt lt Ment Page gt Administrative status for port 1 READ SELECT Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options Parameter Default Description Link Status Indicates if the port has a valid connection to an external device Admin St
191. nly accepts untagged frames Tx All If PVID and frame tag are same sends tagged frame otherwise sends untagged Tx Untag Sends only untagged frames 2 The switch supports Quality of Service QoS by using two or four priority queues with Weighted Fair Queuing for each port Inbound frames that do not have VLAN tags are tagged with the input port s default ingress user priority and then placed in the appropriate priority queue at the output port The default priority for all ingress ports is zero Therefore any inbound frames that do not have priority tags will be placed in the low priority queue of the output port Note that if the output port is an untagged WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 53 member of the associated VLAN these frames are stripped of all VLAN tags prior to transmission 3 If you want to create a small port based VLAN for just one or two switches you can assign ports to the same untagged VLAN and use a separate connection where a VLAN crosses the switches However to participate in a VLAN group that extends beyond this switch we recommend using the VLAN ID for that group using VLAN tagging for Layer 2 mode or a common PVID for multilayer mode When operating the switch in Layer 2 mode ports assigned to a large VLAN group that crosses several switches must use VLAN tagging But when operating in multilayer mode this switch does not currently support tagging so you should set the PVID to the same val
192. nnsneseanennsneneas 11 3 1 CONFIGURATION OPTIONS ccsseccecccssserccnscsseeeeessosseesecnsossersestcassersensoassersestoaarseetsasersestoasearsenteseetes 11 9 2 REQUIRED CONNECTIONS custodes ive GR S COR as 11 3 2 1 Console Port Out of Band Connections sees esee seen annees 11 3 2 2 IN BANG COnnecltolis usse eir cus Dives rrr kr A dw qvi adr oda eR PREX acid 12 GHAPTER4 CGONSOLEINTERFACE cosida aaa 13 41 LOGIN SCREEN M TU Tm 13 4 2 MAIN MENU sound c 15 43 SYSTEM INFORMATION MENU unn nes 17 4 9 1 Displaying System Information A A ibus A db 18 4 3 2 Displaying Switch Version Information eee sss sese aenean nna nnn nnns 19 4 3 2 1 Switch Information of WOGS3 2620 ii id 19 4 3 2 2 Switch Information of WGS3 404 ssssssssssssssseeene nennen nennen nnnm n nnne n nnne nnns nn nnns sanare n nnn 20 4 4 MANAGEMENT SETUP MENU a 21 4 4 1 Changing the Network Configuration eeeeeiisss sessi nennen nna aras nnns anna aa aaa 22 4 4 1 1 IP Configuration Layer 2 MOd8 oooocccccccccccconnccnnncconononnnonnnononononnnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnononnnanennnnnnnnnnonnnnanenoss 23 44 1 2 IP Connectivity Test PING A a a 25 4413 ATIF COMMU AU OM ER tmo T c em 26 44 2 Contigulg the SONAL POITasstudasteseett diuo a a en plas oue sees 27 4 4 3 Assigning SNMP Parameters eei EA MAR SR RAN SAR Y RR ARMAR Y sa DASS A RAS 29 4 4 3 1 Configurin
193. not already there the switch broadcasts an ARP packet to all the ports on the destination VLAN to find out the destination MAC address After the MAC address is discovered the packet is reformatted and sent out to the destination The reformat process includes decreasing the Time To Live TTL field of the IP header recalculating the IP header checksum and replacing the destination MAC address with either the MAC address of the destination node or that of the next hop router When another packet destined to the same node arrives the destination MAC can be retrieved directly from the Layer 3 address table the packet is then reformatted and sent out the destination port IP switching can be done at wire speed when the destination address entry is already in the Layer 3 address table WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 233 If the switch determines that a frame must be routed the route is calculated only during setup Once the route has been determined all packets in the current flow are simply switched or forwarded across the chosen path This takes advantage of the high throughput and low latency of switching by enabling the traffic to bypass the routing engine once path calculation has been performed 6 2 3 Routing Path Management Routing Path Management involves the determination and updating of all the routing information required for packet forwarding including e Handling routing protocols Updating the routing table Updating
194. nu Port Statistica PHON Statistics KR Display port statistics Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Menu Description Port Statistics Displays statistics on network traffic passing through the selected port RMON Statistics Displays detailed statistical information for the selected port such as packet type and frame size counters WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 94 4 6 1 1 Displaying Ethernet Port Statistics Port Statistics display key statistics from the Interfaces Group and Ethernet MIBs for each port Error Statistics on the traffic passing through each port are displayed This information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch such as a faulty port or unusually heavy loading The values displayed have been accumulated since the last system reboot Select the required port The statistics displayed are indicated in the following figure and table Port Statistics Interfaces In Octeta 853899 Imt Dctets r 311171 In Unicast Pkte i 2772 tut Unicast Pkte i 2028 In Hon Unicast PHEA 46518 Put Han Unicast Pkta 307 in Giscarda p lut Piscarids g In Errcara 4 fut Errore 0 Alignment Errors r p CRE Errors r 4 Ethernet Single Collisions Li Multiple Collisionsg Deferred Transmissions O Late Collisions O Excess Collisions Carrier Sense Errors Drop Eventa D Fragments 0 rtetz tr 116301 d ahbhers E p Fort Humber 1 Apply Reset
195. nual 245 6 6 BOOTP DHCP Relay Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP described in RFC 1541 is an extension of the Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP DHCP allows hosts on a TCP IP network to dynamically obtain basic configuration information When a DHCP client starts it broadcasts a DHCP Request packet looking for DHCP servers DHCP servers respond to this packet with a DHCP Response packet The client then chooses a server to obtain TCP IP configuration information such as its own IP address Since DHCP uses a broadcast mechanism a DHCP server and its client must physically reside on the same subnet However it is not practical to have one DHCP server on every subnet in fact in many cases DHCP BOOTP clients and their associated DHCP BOOTP server s do not reside on the same IP network or subnet In such cases a third party agent is required to transfer BOOTP messages between clients and servers BOOTP DHCP Relay described in RFC 1542 enables a host to use a BOOTP or DHCP server to obtain basic TCP IP configuration information even if the servers do not reside on the local subnet When an Switch BOOTP DHCP Relay Agent receives a DHCP Request packet destined for a BOOTP DHCP server it inserts its own IP address into the DHCP Request packet so the server knows the subnet where the client is located Then depending on the configuration setup the switch either Forwards the packet to a specific server as defined in the switch s config
196. o MAC address cache discovered via ARP ARP Table IP Address Mac Address VLAN Port 192 168 1 50 1 Z3456 123456 1 0 192 16 amp 1 1U1 DOSOAE OB3SCBS 1 O 192 168 1201 00304F 15E6540 1 O 203 70 249 51 00304E 0B3E6 4 l O Parameter Description IP Address IP addresses for which ARP has resolved the physical address through a broadcast message MAC Address MAC address that maps to the corresponding IP address VLAN The VLAN group to which this host has been assigned Port The port this to which host device is attached Port 0 refers to an interface defined on this switch 5 8 6 3 Routing Table The Routing Table lists the routes through which all recognized Ethernet networks and corresponding VLANs can be reached This table includes all routes learned through routing protocols or manual configuration Routing Table Destination Network 192 168 1 0 197 168 5 0 Parameter Destination Network Destination Mask Destination Route Route Routing Mask VLAN Next Hop Type Protocol Tag Aging Metric 229 492 2951 1 192 168 1 401 Direct Local 1 229 299 2950 1 192 165 1 150 Indirect Mgmt 1 Description A destination network subnet or host The subnet mask that specifies the bits to match A routing entry will be used for a packet if the bits in the address set by the destination mask match the Destination Network WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 215 VLAN Next Hop Type Protocol Route Tag Rou
197. onds for this interface If a neighboring router has become inactive Hello Packets have not been seen for Router Dead Interval then it may still be necessary to send Hello Packets to the dead neighbor These Hello Packets are sent at the reduced rate which should be much larger than Hello Interval The default is 120 seconds Use this option to specify how to authenticate neighboring OSPF routers There are three options NONE Not to authenticate neighboring routers SIMPLE Use password to authenticate neighboring OSPF routers The password is assigned on Authentication Key field With SIMPLE authentication the password goes in clear text over the network Thus anyone with a sniffer software on the OSPF network segment would be able to pull the OSPF password and the network attacker would be one step closer to compromising your OSPF environment MD5 Use MD5 to authenticate neighboring routers With MD5 authentication the key does not pass over the network MD5 is a message digest algorithm specified in RFC1321 MD5 should be considered the most secure OSPF authentication mode You have to specify an active MD5 key on MD5 Key Table When use SIMPLE authentication type enter the password here The password can be any string of keyboard entered characters up to 8 bytes in length All neighboring routers on the same network must have the same password to exchange OSPF information s181 MD5 Key Table When use MD5 authenticatio
198. onfiguration File Download the configuration to a file or upload the configuration file to the switch 1 Only displays on WGS3 2620 when it is set to Layer 2 mode WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 21 4 4 1 Changing the Network Configuration Use the Network Configuration menu to set the bootup option configure the switch s Internet Protocol IP parameters or enable the on board Web agent The screen shown below is described in the following table Hetwark Configuration IPF Configuration IP Connectivity Test Ping HTTP Configuration DK gt Display or change the IF configuration Use lt TABD gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description IP Configuration Screen used to set the bootup option or configure the switch s IP parameters IP Connectivity Test Ping Screen used to test IP connectivity to a specified device HTTP Configuration Screen used to enable the Web agent This menu does not appear on WGS3 404 or if the WGS3 2620 is set to multilayer mode In this case you need to configure an IP interface for each VLAN that needs to connect to any device outside of its own VLAN group See Subnet Configuration WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 22 4 4 1 1 IP Configuration Layer 2 Mode Use the IP Configuration screen to set the boot up option or configure the switch s IP parameters The screen shown below is described in the following table IF Config
199. optional OSPF capabilities supported by the neighbor The neighbor s optional OSPF capabilities are also listed in its Hello packets This enables received Hellos to be rejected i e neighbor relationships will not even start to form if there is a mismatch in certain crucial OSPF capabilities The OSPF optional capabilities currently accepted include external routing capability and TOS capability You need to map the binary bits to the supported options For example 3 indicates both routing capability and TOS capability Priority The neighbor s router priority This priority is used in electing the designated router for the area in which it exists This value will be set to zero if this router cannot be elected WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 126 State Events The communication state for two adjacent routers Down This is the initial state of a neighbor conversation It indicates that there has been no recent information received from the neighbor Attempt This state is only valid for neighbors attached to non broadcast networks It indicates that no recent information has been received from the neighbor but that the router is attempting to contact the neighbor by sending Hello packets Init A Hello packet has recently been seen from the neighbor However bidirectional communication has not yet been established with the neighbor 2 Way Communication between the two routers has been established This is the most
200. ore to make valid forwarding or flooding decisions the switch must learn the relationship of the MAC address to its related port and thus to the VLAN at run time However when GVRP is enabled this process can be fully automated 6 3 1 4 Automatic VLAN Registration GVRP GVRP defines a system whereby the switch can automatically learn the VLANs each endstation should be assigned to If an endstation or its network adapter supports the IEEE 802 1Q VLAN protocol it can be configured to broadcast a message to your network indicating the VLAN groups it wants to join When this switch receives these messages it will automatically place the receiving port in the specified VLANs and then forward the message to all other ports When the message arrives at another switch that supports GVRP it will also place the receiving port in the specified VLANs and pass the message on to all other ports VLAN requirements are propagated in this way throughout the network This allows GVRP compliant devices to be automatically configured for VLAN groups based solely on endstation requests WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 240 6 3 2 Forwarding Tagged Untagged Frames Ports can be assigned to multiple tagged or untagged VLANs Each port on the switch is therefore capable of passing tagged or untagged frames To forward a frame from a VLAN aware device to a VLAN unaware device the switch first decides where to forward the frame and then strips off th
201. ore when cascading devices other than this switch please refer to the accompanying documentation for cascade restrictions However note that because switches break up the path for connected devices into separate collision domains you should not include the switch or connected cabling in your calculations for cascade length involving other devices 2 4 2 Making a Connection to an Gigabit Fiber Module The modules are fitted with SC connectors Please be sure you run cable from the Rx Tx port on the module to the Tx Rx port on the target device The length of Gigabit fiber optic cable for a single switched link should not exceed 220m for 62 5 125 multimode fiber and 500 m for 50 125 multimode fiber However power budget constraints must also be considered when calculating the maximum cable length for your specific environment 2 5 Powering On the Switch Plug the power cord into the power socket on the rear of the switch and the other end into a power outlet Check the LED marked PWR on the front panel to see if it is on The unit will automatically select the setting that matches the connected input voltage Therefore no additional adjustments are necessary when connecting it to any input voltage within the range marked on the rear panel The switch performs a self diagnostic test upon power on Note that this test takes about one minute to complete WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 9 NOTE The unit supports a hot remove featu
202. orical data can also be used to establish normal baseline activity which may reveal problems associated with high traffic levels broadcast storms or other unusual events Historical information can also be used to predict network growth and plan for expansion before your network becomes too overloaded Alarms Can be set to test data over any specified time interval and can monitor absolute or changing values such as a Statistical counter reaching a specific value or a statistic changing by a certain amount over the set interval Alarms can be set to respond to either rising or falling thresholds Events Defines the action to take when an alarm is triggered The response to an alarm can include recording the alarm in the Log Table or sending a message to a trap manager Note that the Alarm and Event Groups are used together to record important events or immediately respond to critical network problems WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 248 Appendix A Troubleshooting A 1 Troubleshooting Chart Troubleshooting Chart Symptom Cannot connect using Be sure you have configured the agent with a valid IP address Telnet Web browser or subnet mask and default gateway Layer 2 of WGS3 2620 SNMP software e Check that you have a valid network connection to the switch and that the port you are using has not been disabled Check network cabling between the management station and the Switch e f you cannot connect using T
203. ort Trunking Configuration menu to specify the trunk on the devices at both ends When using a port trunk remember that e he ports that can be assigned to the same trunk on WGS3 2620 are listed below Two ports as a trunk lt lt 13 01 gt gt lt lt 14 02 gt gt lt lt 15 03 gt gt lt lt 16 04 gt gt lt lt 17 05 gt gt lt lt 18 06 gt gt lt lt 19 07 gt gt lt lt 20 08 gt gt lt lt 21 09 gt gt lt lt 22 10 gt gt lt lt 23 11 gt gt lt lt 24 12 gt gt Four ports as a trunk lt lt 13 01 14 02 gt gt lt lt 15 03 16 04 gt gt lt lt 17 05 18 06 gt gt lt lt 19 07 20 08 gt gt 21 09 22 105 23 11 24 12 gt gt Eight ports as a trunk 13 01 14 02 15 03 16 04 gt gt lt lt 1 05 18 06 19 07 20 08 gt gt 21 09 22 10 23 11 24 12 gt gt Gigabit Ethernet Ports as a trunk 25 26 gt gt e he ports that can be assigned to the same trunk on WGS3 404 are listed below Two ports as a trunk lt lt 1 2 gt gt lt lt 3 4 gt gt lt lt 5 6 gt gt 7 8 Four ports as a trunk lt lt 1 2 3 4 gt gt lt lt 5 6 7 8 gt gt e Ports can only be assigned to one trunk e he ports at both ends of a connection must be configured as trunk ports e he ports at both ends of a trunk must be configured in an identical manner including communication mode and VLAN assignments e None of the ports in a trunk can be configured as a mirror or monitor por
204. packets The total number of octets transmitted out of the interface including framing characters The total number of packets that higher level protocols requested be transmitted to a subnetwork unicast address including those that were discarded or not sent The total number of packets that higher level protocols requested be transmitted to a non unicast that is a subnetwork broadcast or subnetwork multicast address including those that were discarded or not sent The number of outbound packets which were chosen to be discarded even though no errors had been detected to prevent their being transmitted One possible reason for discarding such a packet could be to free up buffer space The number of outbound packets that could not be transmitted because of errors Number of Ethernet Cyclic Redundancy Check errors detected by this device The number of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by exactly one collision A count of frames for which the first transmission attempt on a particular interface is delayed because the medium was busy The number of frames for which transmission failed due to excessive collisions The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to lack of resources Number of octets passing through this port A count of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by more than one collision The number of times that a collision is dete
205. participate in a group The interval centiseconds a port waits before leaving a group This time should be set to more than twice the Join Time This ensures that after a Leave or LeaveAll message has been issued the applicants can re join before the port actually leaves the group The interval centiseconds between sending out a LeaveAll query message for group participants and the port leaving the group This interval should be considerably larger than the Leave Time to minimize the amount of traffic generated by nodes rejoining the group 1 The default values for the GARP timers are independent of the media access method or data rate These values should not changed unless you are experiencing some difficulties with GMRP or GVRP registration deregistration Parameter Default VLAN and Priority Port VID 1 Port Default 0 Priority VLAN Tagging Layer 2 Rx All Tx All Multilayer Rx All Tx Untag Description These fields set the default values for VLANs port priority GVRP and GMRP The VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames received on this port Set the default ingress priority to any value beneath the priority threshold to specify the low priority queue or to any value equal to or above this threshold to specify the high priority queue Indicates whether or not VLAN tags will be included on frames passing through this port The options include Rx All Accepts all frames tagged or untagged Rx Untag O
206. pecified VLAN interface In general it is the router IP address for the specified VLAN members Subnet Mask A template that identifies the address bits in the host address used for routing to specific subnets Each bit that corresponds to a 1 is part of the network subnet number and each bit that corresponds to 0 is part of the host number VLAN The VLAN associated with this IP interface Proxy ARP Enables or disables Proxy ARP for the interface This feature allows the switch forward an ARP request from a node in the attached subnetwork that does not have routing or a default gateway configured to a remote subnetwork See 6 2 5 Proxy ARP Note that Proxy ARP must be enabled globally for the switch before this setting can take effect See 5 7 5 2 Protocol Configuration HIP Routing Information Protocol for unicast routing OSPF Open Shortest Path First unicast routing protocol DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 177 5 7 5 1 1 Adding an IP Interface To add an IP interface specify the interface settings in the dialog box at the bottom of the screen Configure the IP address assign an existing VLAN group to this interface enable the required routing protocols and then press Add To configure the unicast and multicast routing protocols you must edit an existing entry as described in the following section and press the Advanced button for RIP or DVMRP
207. pill liquid of any kind on the product e Do not attempt to service this product yourself as opening or removing covers may expose you to dangerous voltage points or other risks Refer all servicing to service personnel e Warnings WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual e Wear an anti static wrist strap or take other suitable measures to prevent electrostatic discharge whenever handling this equipment e When connecting to a power outlet connect the field ground lead on the triple power plug to a valid earth ground line to prevent electrical hazards FCC Compliance Statement This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly that is in strict accordance with the instructions provided with the equipment may cause interference to radio and TV communication The equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart B of Part 15 of FCC rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If you suspect this equipment is causing interference turn your Ethernet Switch on and off while your radio or TV is showing interference if the interference disappears when you turn your Ethernet Switch off and reappears when you turn it back on there is interference being caused by t
208. r manually configured If the switch does not contain a default route any packet that does not match an entry in the routing table will be dropped To manually configure a default route enter the next hop in the following table Default Route Meni LAH z 1 Next Hop Address Fale Pee ee eee Hetric Delete z E gt lt Cano el gt Enter Hrest Hop IP address READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description VLAN The VLAN which has the IP interface to the default router Next Hop The IP address of the default router Address Metric The number of hops required to reach the default router WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 88 4 5 7 Security Menu The Security menu contains options to filter specified MAC or IP addresses These menu options are described in the following sections Security Menu ac Filtering Configuration IP Filtering Configuration 0K Config MAC filtering database Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Menu Description MAC Filtering Specifies the source or destination MAC address for any traffic to be filtered from Configuration the switch for security reasons IP Filtering Specifies the source or destination IP address for any traffic to be filtered from the Configuration switch for security reasons This menu item is only displayed for multilayer mode WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manu
209. r s Manual Description Indicates that the port settings are for direct console connection The rate at which data is sent between devices Options 9600 19200 and 38400 baud Sets the data bits of the RS 232 port Options 7 8 Sets the stop bits of the RS 232 port Options 1 2 Sets the parity of the RS 232 port Options none odd even If no input is received from the attached device after this interval the current session is automatically closed Range 0 100 minutes where 0 indicates disabled Sets the interval before a console session will auto refresh the console information such as Spanning Tree Information Port Configuration Port Statistics and RMON Statistics Range 0 or 5 255 seconds where 0 indicates disabled 28 4 4 3 Assigning SNMP Parameters Use the SNMP Configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP The switch includes an on board SNMP agent which monitors the status of its hardware as well as the traffic passing through its ports A computer attached to the network called a Network Management Station NMS can be used to access this information Access rights to the on board agent are controlled by community strings To communicate with the switch the NMS must first submit a valid community string for authentication The options for configuring community strings and related trap functions are described in the following sections S
210. rack make sure you have all the necessary mounting screws brackets bolts and nuts and the right tools e Check if network cables and connectors needed for installation are available 2 3 1 Mounting Switches in a Rack Please comply with the following instructions to ensure that your switch is securely mounted in the rack e Use a standard EIA 19 inch rack e Use the brackets and screws supplied in the rack mounting kit e Usea cross head screwdriver to attach the brackets to the side of the switch e Position the switch in the rack by lining up the holes in the brackets with the appropriate holes on the rack and then use the supplied screws to mount the switch in the rack 2 4 Connecting the Switch System The transmission speed for each port on the switch is automatically set by the switch to match the highest speed supported by the connected device The transmission mode can be set for each port using auto negotiation if also supported by the attached device However if the device attached to any port on the switch does not support auto negotiation you can manually configure the transmission mode via the console port on the rear panel or via an in band connection including Telnet the Web agent WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 8 2 4 1 Making a Connection to an RJ 45 Port The Gigabit copper ports support Auto MDI MDI X You can use straight through or crossover twisted pair cable to connect any gigabit copper port on the sw
211. ration options NOTE If the default settings for the management agent s serial port have been modified and you are having difficulty making a console connection you can display or modify the current settings using a Web browser as described under Configuring the Serial Port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual sd 3 2 2 In Band Connections Prior to accessing the switch s on board agent via a network connection you must first configure it with a valid IP address subnet mask and default gateway for Layer 2 mode using an out of band connection After configuring the switch s IP parameters you can access the on board configuration program from anywhere within the attached network The on board configuration program can be accessed using Telnet from any computer attached to the network The switch can also be managed by any computer using a Web browser Internet Explorer 4 0 or above or Netscape Navigator 4 0 or above or froma network computer using SNMP network management software Please note that e Each VLAN group can be assigned its own IP interface address Therefore if the port connected to the management station has joined several VLANs you can manage the switch via any of these IP addresses e This switch supports four concurrent Telnet sessions e The on board program only provides access to basic configuration functions To access the full range of SNMP management functions you must use SNMP based network
212. re which permits you to connect or disconnect twisted pair or fiber cables without powering off the switch and without disrupting the operation of the devices attached to the switch However due to the spanning tree learning process the new attached device may takes about 30 seconds to be able to connect the other devices This period can be shortened by adjusting the spanning tree configuration 2 6 Verifying System Operation Verify that all attached devices have a valid connection The switch monitors the link status for each port If any device is properly connected to the switch and transmitting a link beat signal the Link indicator will light up for the corresponding port If the Link indicator fails to light when you connect a device to the switch check the following items Be sure all network cables and connectors are properly attached to the connected device and the switch See if your cable is functioning properly by using it for another port and attached device that displays valid indications when connected to the network Be sure no twisted pair cable exceeds 100 meters 328 feet WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 10 Chapter 3 Switch Management 3 1 Configuration Options For advanced management capability the on board management agent provides a menu driven system configuration program This program can be accessed by serial port on the rear panel out of band or by a Telnet connection over the network in band
213. received in the Exchange state Full The neighboring routers are fully adjacent These adjacencies will now appear in router links and network links advertisements The number of events encountered that cause a neighbor state change since boot up WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 224 5 8 6 5 4 Displaying the Virtual Neighbor Table Virtual links can be used to link an area isolated from the backbone to create a redundant link between any area and the backbone to help prevent partitioning or to connect two existing backbone areas into a common backbone Note that the processes of establishing a active link between virtual neighbors is similar to that used for physically adjacent neighbors OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table Area ID Router ID IP Address Option State Events 19216890 1921689254 192 165 9254 3 FULL E Parameter Description Area ID The transit area the virtual link must cross to connect the border routers Router ID The OSPF identifier for the router at the other end of the link IP Address IP address of the border router at the other end of the link Option The optional OSPF capabilities supported by the neighbor The neighbor s optional OSPF capabilities are also listed in its Hello packets This enables received Hellos to be rejected i e neighbor relationships will not even start to form if there is a mismatch in certain crucial OSPF capabilities The OSPF optional capabilities currently accepted include external routi
214. ride e e a e ad al 86 4 5 6 5 Configuring the Default Route eesssssssssssssesseeeeennnn nennen nenne nnn nena nnns nnns n nass naa nnn nnns 88 AIST Ve Ep 89 4 57 A Coniguring MAG Address iia 90 4 52 1P Filtering COMMOUNAON 23ccen ana 91 4 5 8 Jumbo Packet CONPIQUIATION 11 ccccccccsseessseecccnnsccensseesccsssaaanseescessasaannsssesseesssaaanusesssssasanaanass 92 46 MONITORING THE SWITCH stand dad 93 ROA DISDIAVING POM SIAN SIICS a RS A ital IA ES idad 94 4 6 1 1 Displaying Ethernet Port StatiStiCS ooooccnnnccnnnccooooonncnnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnonononnnnnnnnnonononnnnnnnnnnnnnonnnnnarenoss 95 4 6 1 2 Displaying RMON Statis liCS en e saca tae lacas Ricca 97 46 2 Layer 2 Address TAS a el e deu 99 4 6 2 1 Displaying the Unicast Address Table cms crsipica 100 4 6 3 Displaying Bridge INTO acta 101 4 6 3 1 Viewing the Current Spanning Tree Bridge Informati0N ooooccccnnccccononnnnnnnnononenoncnnnnncnnnnannnnnns 102 4 6 3 2 Displaying the Current Spanning Tree Port information sess 104 4 6 4 Displaying VLAN InfOrMali0N cccoooncnncconnonccnononnonononnonnononnnnanononannnnonnarnnnnnannnnonnnnnnnnnarinnnnannnos 106 4 6 4 1 VLAN Dynamic Registration Information ccconnnncconnnncconnnnnnnnnncnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnanennnnnos 107 04 2 VAIN Forwarding Into Mato ic ta 108 4 6 5 IP Multicast Hegistratlon Ta aaa 109
215. rized management access to the switch via the console Passwords can consist of up to 11 alphanumeric characters and are not case ADMIN Read Write for all screens GUEST Read Only for all screens Authorizes management via HTTP that is Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 0 or later These entries can consist of up to 15 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 209 4 4 5 Downloading System Software Use the TFTP Download menu to load software updates to permanent flash ROM in the switch The download file should be a 3 binary file or image file otherwise the agent will not accept it The success of the download operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection After downloading the new software the agent will automatically restart itself Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table TETE Download Downlaad Server IP 203 710 3749 _ 14 Download Filename Ei Download Option Runtime Code Apply lt IRE Camocel Hame of the Tile toa downloand READ WRITE Enter new text Parameter Description Download Server IP IP address of a TFTP server Download Filename The binary file to download Download Option Specify the file to be Runtime code or POST code NOTE You can also download firmware using the Web agent or by a direct console connection after a restart WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Man
216. routing switch it broadcasts RIP messages to all devices in the network every 30 seconds and updates its own routing table when RIP messages are received from other routers RIP messages contain both the IP address and a metric for each destination network it knows about where the metric indicates the number of hops from this device to the destination network You can use the following menu to specify authentication the protocol used for sending or receiving routing messages on this port the default metric used in calculating the best path and enable or disable Poison Reverse Suhnet Configuration Hodify RIP Configuration Authentication Type Ho Authentication Authentication Key send Type RIFI Broadcast Repaire Type BIFEi Default Metric Poison Beverze I lt Apply gt ZUR Cancel Poison reverse READ SELECT Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 67 Parameter Authentication Type Authentication Key Send Type Receive Type Default Metric Poison Reverse Description Authentication can be used to ensure that routing information comes from a valid source A simple password must be provided if authentication is enabled An authentication string is case sensitive and can be up to 16 characters The protocol used for traffic sent out this port RIP1 Broadcast Route information is broadcast to other routers on the net
217. rt s default ingress user priority and then placed in the appropriate priority queue at the output port The default priority for all ingress ports is zero Therefore any inbound frames that do not have priority tags will be placed in the low priority queue of the output port Note that if the output port is an untagged member of the associated VLAN these frames are stripped of all VLAN tags prior to transmission 3 If you want to create a small port based VLAN for just one or two switches you can assign ports to the same untagged VLAN and use a separate connection where a VLAN crosses the switches However to participate in a VLAN group that extends beyond this switch we recommend using the VLAN ID for that group using VLAN tagging for Layer 2 mode or a common PVID for multilayer mode When operating the switch in Layer 2 mode ports assigned to a large VLAN group that crosses several switches must use VLAN tagging But when operating in multilayer mode this switch does not currently support tagging so you should set the PVID to the same value at both ends of the link if the device you WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 169 are attaching to is VLAN aware and configure an IP interface for this VLAN if you need to connect it to other group This parameter is for WGS3 2620 only WGS3 404 s default setting is Rx All and use VLAN Table Configuration for Tx Parameter Default GVRP Enabled GMRP Enabled Ingress Di
218. s to exchange VLAN information in order to register VLAN members on ports across the network This function should be enabled to permit automatic VLAN registration and to support VLANs which extend WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 164 Priority 4 Threshold High Medium 6 4 2 Low Priority Aging Time 300 1 Only displayed on WGS3 2620 2 Only displayed on WGS3 404 beyond the local switch If GVRP is globally enabled for the switch then you can individually enable or disable GVRP for a specific port See 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration WGS3 2620 supports Quality of Service QoS by using two priority queues with Weighted Fair Queuing for each port Up to 8 separate traffic classes are defined in IEEE 802 1p So any packets with a priority equal to or higher than this threshold are placed in the high priority queue You can use 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration to configure the default priority for each port WGS3 404 supports Quality of Service QoS by using four priority queues High Medium Low and Lowest with Weighted Fair Queuing for each port Up to 8 separate traffic classes are defined in IEEE 802 1p So any packets with a priority equal to or higher than High Priority default is 6 are placed in the high priority queue and so do others Any packets with a priority lower than Low Priority default is 2 are placed in the lowest priority queue You can use 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration to con
219. s 177 eho AGING aii IP Intel de ra dias 178 5 7512 Modifying an IP IMC ACC aii 178 oM O COMO UNO RI P LL c M 178 ron P Mere EO dm E m mem 180 5 75 41 5 Configuring b VMTIT s occhio edendi toes aa ose tum cubes uu dus cu dones eoi d P RS IR cee dapi Ri Dia 183 SEA Protocol G OMMNOULATION RENE Ts 184 Dal 0 2 al oein Ihe ARP TIMEOUT eost is 186 5 7 5 2 2 Setting the RIP Advertisement Policy oooccccccconcnnccccnnconcncnonnnnnnonanconcnnnnncnncnnnancnnonnnnnennonnnss 186 5 7 5 2 9 Gonliguring Global Settings Tor OS Preto t ita 187 5 5523 JOOP Area Cont QOEL e dd iii 189 5 7 5 2 3 2 OSPF Area Range Configuration ooocccccnccccccoonnccnnncconononnnnnnnononononnnnnononononnnnnnnnnononanas 190 9055 2 3 3 OSPF Vintual LMK ORI glbatiOE aiuto deis 191 5 7 5 2 4 Configuring BOOTP DHCP Relay ccccccssseeecccceseceeeseeceeeeeeeaeeeeecceeeessaeaeeeeeesesssaeaeeeeeeeeesaes 193 5 7 5 9 Slalle ARP ConfigulaliOEiss uacua dade iesu uet d Dd adessent a nose Uses 195 57 54 olai ROUE Config allQEs su casada ue cod semuat S ip EN 196 5 7 5 5 ContiguringdhedDerault OLG ec eie oo neto uen aee Drev eiae ee aeu bois repr UE Us L D sese ERR Rue USUS iUpE 198 5 70 GOMNGUTING Secuty EFIE uoto tada 199 5 7 6 1 Contiguring MAG Address Fillers ooi A ci tU pe De cea da esee cue n MI vH IR Ur a 199 5 6 2 Contig ring IP Address Fiers iii 199 5 227 DUDO PACKECL CONMOULALION c 200 5 8 MONITORING THE SWITCH eristeese
220. s Manual 60 4 5 1 Setting the System Operation Mode the IP Menu will be displayed Use this menu to configure the IP subnets for each VLAN on your switch the unicast and multicast routing protocols static ARP entries static IP routes and the default IP Route IP Henu Subnet Configuration Protocol Configuration Static ARP Configuration Static Route Default Route z RC Display and change the subnet configuration Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description Subnet Configuration Specifies the IP interface for VLANs configured on this switch including the subnet address and routing Protocols Protocol Configuration Configures ARP timeout enables Proxy ARP sets the preferred servers for BOOTP DHCP Relay as well as enabling configuring unicast and multicast protocols globally for this switch Static ARP Configuration Used to map an IP address to a specific physical MAC address Static Route Used to configure static routes to other IP networks subnetworks or hosts Default Route Defines the router to which this switch will forward all traffic for unknown networks WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 61 4 5 6 1 Subnet Configuration Use this menu to specify an IP interface for any VLAN configured on this switch that needs to communicate with a device outside of its own group that is another network segment You also need to define a VLAN
221. sabled Filtering Description Enables or disables GVRP for this port When disabled any GVRP packets received on this port will be discarded and no GVRP registrations will be propagated from other ports Note that GVRP must be enabled globally for the switch before this setting can take effect See 4 5 3 1 Configuring Global Bridge Settings Enables or disables GMRP for this port When enabled this port will allow end stations to register with multicast groups using GMRP Note that GMRP must be enabled for the switch before this setting can take effect IGMP and IGMP Snooping also provide multicast filtering See 6 4 2 IGMP Protocol If enabled incoming frames for VLANs which do not include this ingress port in their member set will be discarded at the ingress port 4 Only displayed on WGS3 2620 5 This control does not affect VLAN independent BPDU frames such as GVRP or STP However they do affect VLAN dependent BPDU frames such as GMRP WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 170 5 7 3 2 VLAN Table Configuration Use this screen to create a new VLAN or modify the settings for an existing VLAN The VLAN Table Configuration of WGS3 2620 and WGS3 404 are slightly different For WGS3 2620 the VLAN Table Configuration is as the following VLAN Table Configuration N Mormal X Forbidden State E Reg Fixed VLAN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 1 8 8 S 8 S8 S
222. se lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Entec gt to select NOTE To add a IP address to the security filter use Add To delete an address highlight it with the cursor and select Enter Use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons to scroll through the table To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press Apply To add an entry press Add WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 91 4 5 8 Jumbo Packet Configuration This menu is only available for WGS3 404 In general Ethernet only allow maximum 1518 bytes packet size This option allow the switch to transmit up to 9216 bytes packet size to increase data transmission efficiency Jumbo Packet Configuration Load Default Size YES Jumbo Packet Length 1536 Apply Return xCancel Load default jumbo size 1536 READ SSELECT Use TAB gt or arrow keys to move Space to scroll options Parameter Default Description Load Default Size YES Select YES to use default packet size 1536 To enable Jumbo Packet function Toggle it to NO Jumbo Packet 1536 Specify the maximum packet size allowed on this switch Size Range 1536 to 9216 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 92 4 6 Monitoring the Switch The Network Monitor Menu provides access to port statistics address tables STA information VLANs registration and forwarding information multicast groups Each of the screens provided by these menus is described in the
223. software the agent will automatically restart itself Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table TFTP Download Management Server IP Address 192 168 1 100 File Name wes2101 img Download Option Rontune Code start TETE Download Cancel Parameter Description Server IP Address IP address of a TFTP server File Name The binary file or image file to download Download Option Specify the file to be Runtime Code or POST Code Start TFTP Download Issues request to TFTP server to download the specified file NOTE WGS98 404 does not need to specify this option WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 152 5 6 5 Saving or Restoring the System Configuration Use the Configuration File menu to save the switch configuration settings to a file on a TFTP client The file can be later downloaded to the switch to restore the switch s settings The success of the operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP client and the quality of the network connection Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table Configuration File Management Station IP 192 168 1 101 Operation Download from switch Parameter Description Parameter Description Station IP IP address of a PC running TFTP client software Operation Download from switch Downloads the current switch configuration to a file on the client PC Upload to switch Uploads a con
224. specified IP Configuration This is the default setting BOOTP Get IP IP is enabled but will not function until a BOOTP reply has been received BOOTP requests will be periodically broadcasted by the switch in an effort to learn its IP address BOOTP values can include the IP address default gateway and subnet mask The VLAN used for management access when Mgmt VLAN is selected See the next item Specifies which VLAN have access right to its management interface Options include All VLANs All VLANs have access right to its management interface This is the default setting Mgmt VLAN Only the specified VLAN have access right to its management interface WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 24 4 4 1 2 IP Connectivity Test Ping Use the IP Connectivity Test to see if another site on the Internet can be reached The screen shown below is described in the following table Hetwork Configuration IP Connectivity Tegt Ping IF Addregg 203 70 249 14 Test Tames 5 Acci ss Failure oO start CANCEL gt Start the IP connectivity test Wee lt TAB gt of arrow keyg to move lt Enter gt to elani Parameter Description IP Address IP address of the site you want to ping Test Times The number of ICMP echo requests to send to the specified site Range 1 1000 Success Failure The number of times the specified site has responded or not to pinging NOTE The switch waits up to 10 seco
225. splayed on Device Control Menu for Layer 2 mode of WGS3 2620 and on Protocol Configuration Menu under Device Control Menu gt IP Menu for Layer 3 mode of WGS3 2620 or WGS3 404 Multicasting is used to support real time applications such as video conferencing or streaming audio A multicast server does not have to establish a separate connection with each client It merely broadcasts its service to the network and any hosts which want to receive the multicast register with their local multicast switch router Although this approach reduces the network overhead required by a multicast server the broadcast traffic must be carefully pruned at every multicast switch router it passes through to ensure that traffic is only passed on to the hosts which subscribed to this service This switch uses IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol Snooping to monitor any attached hosts which want to receive a specific multicast service It looks up the IP Multicast Group used for this service and adds any port which received a similar request to that group You can use the IGMP Snooping Configuration screen to configure multicast filtering shown below IMP amp noopindg Configuration IHF snooping Status DOR CU D IHMP Router Timeout Minutes 5 IGMP Group Timeout Minutes 4S Act as IGHP Querier DISABLED lt Apply gt DK gt Cancel To enable or disable IGP anooping on your ayatem BREAD SELECT Use lt TAR gt or arrow keys to move lt Spac
226. ss Apply To modify an IP interface highlight the entry in the table and press Enter To add an IP interface press Add WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 62 4 5 6 1 1 Adding an IP Interface Select lt Add gt on the Subnet Configuration menu to add an IP interface When the Add Subnet screen opens as shown below assign a VLAN group to this interface configure the IP address and then enable the required routing protocols You can specify a VLAN that has already been configured on this switch or press Select to open the Port Group Configuration screen and create or modify a VLAN group To configure the unicast or multicast routing protocols select the IP address for a specific interface from the Subnet Configuration menu and then select Advanced configuration from the Modify Subnet screen Add Subnet VLAH Select VLAN IP Address 0 0 0 0 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Proxy ARP DISABLED RIP DISABLED OSPF DISABLED DVMRP DISABLED zDE lt Cancel gt Please enter VLAH ID READ WRITE Use TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 63 Parameter VLAN Select IP Address Subnet Mask Proxy ARP RIP OSPF DVMRP Description The VLAN associated with this IP interface Use this option to create or modify a VLAN under the Port Group Configuration menu The IP address associated with the specified VLAN interface In general i
227. t e All the ports in a trunk have to be treated as a whole when moved from to added or deleted from a VLAN e he Spanning Tree Algorithm will treat all the ports in a trunk as a whole e Enable the trunk prior to connecting any cable between the switches to avoid creating a loop WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 42 You can use the Port Trunking Configuration screen to set up port trunks as shown below Layer 2 Heng Port Trunking tonftiguration Index Port Count Port Mumber Trunk Fi 14 05 Trunk F 15 UF 16 0d Trunka H 17 05 tk 06 198 07 20 0 DK gt Acad Add Link Aggregation Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Description Trunk The trunk identifier Port Count Trunks can contain 2 4 or 8 ports Port Number The ports assigned to each trunk To add a trunk press lt Add gt To delete a trunk highlight the required entry and press Enter Before disconnecting a port trunk take the following steps e Before removing a port trunk via the configuration menu you must disable all the ports in the trunk or remove all the network cables Otherwise a loop may be created e To disable a single link within a port trunk you should first remove the network cable and then disable both ends of the link via the configuration menu This allows the traffic passing across that link to be automatically distributed to the other links in the trunk without losing any significant amount of
228. t Flush HIP to clear any routing entries learned through RIP WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 114 4 6 6 3 1 Displaying Detailed Routing Information To display detailed routing information select any entry in the Routing Table with your cursor and press Enter The following screen will display All the items displayed on this page are the same as that shown in the Routing Table except for Routing Metric which represents a relative measure of the path cost from this switch to the destination network Note that this metric depends on the specific routing protocol Detailed Routing Entry Destination Address 203 70 249 0 Destination Hask i 255 255 255 1 0 VLAH IJ Hext Hop 203 70 249 118 Type rt Direct Protocol Local Routing Metric rt 1 cOK gt Return tn previa parl Use lt Enter gt to select WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 115 4 6 6 4 Multicast Table You can use this menu to display all the multicast groups currently active on this switch the IGMP registration table the multicast forwarding cache and DVMRP routing information Hulticast Table Hen IF Multicast Registration Table THF Cache Multicast Forwarding Cache Table DVHRE Booting Table DVHEP Heighbor Table 0K Return to previous panel Use lt Enter gt to select Parameter IP Multicast Registration Table IGMP Registration Table Multicast Forwarding Cache Table DVMRP Routing
229. t groups GMRP requires that any participating network devices or end stations comply with the IEEE 802 1p standard Compliant end stations can request to receive traffic from a multicast group simply by issuing a join packet that includes a known multicast address When the join packet reaches a port on the switch it configures this port to receive multicast traffic for the requested group and then issues a similar join packet to all other ports on the switch informing them that incoming multicast traffic for the stated group is to be forwarded to the requesting port 6 4 4 DVMRP Routing Protocol The Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol DVMRP behaves somewhat similar to RIP A router supporting DVMRP periodically floods its attached networks to pass information about supported multicast services along to new routers and hosts Routers that receive a DVMRP packet send a copy out to all paths except the path back to the origin These routers then send a prune message back to the source to stop a data stream if the router is attached to a LAN that does not want to receive traffic from a particular multicast group However if a host attached to this routing switch issues an IGMP message indicating that it wants to subscribe to the concerned multicast service this switch will use DVMRP to build up a source rooted multicast delivery tree that allows it to prevent looping and determine the shortest path to the source of this multicast traffic W
230. t groups to learn IP Multicast group members In Band Management Management of the network from a station attached directly to the network IP Multicast Filtering A process whereby this switch can pass multicast traffic along to participating hosts Layer 2 Data Link layer in the ISO 7 Layer Data Communications Protocol This is directly related to the hardware interface for network devices and passes traffic based on MAC addresses WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 25 Layer 3 Network layer in the ISO 7 Layer Data Communications Protocol This layer handles the routing functions for data moving from one open system to another Link Aggregation See Port Trunk Management Information Base MIB An acronym for Management Information Base It is a set of database objects that contains information about a specific device Multicast Switching A process whereby the switch filters incoming multicast frames for services no attached host has registered for or forwards them to all ports contained within the designated multicast VLAN group Open Shortest Path First OSPF OSPF is a link state routing protocol that functions better over a larger network such as the Internet as opposed to distance vector routing protocols such as RIP It includes features such as unlimited hop count authentication of routing updates and Variable Length Subnet Masks VLSM Out of Band Management Management of the network from a station
231. t hop must match that used for one of the subnet IP interfaces configured on this switch See 4 5 6 1 Subnet Configuration Type The IP route type for the destination network This switch supports the following types Direct A directly connected subnetwork Indirect A remote IP subnetwork or host address WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 86 NOTE Use the lt Next Page gt and lt Prev Page gt buttons to scroll through the static route table To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press lt Apply gt To modify a static route highlight the entry in the table and press Enter To add a static route press Add The following screen is displayed for modifying or adding a static route You must provide route information as described in the preceding table plus the routing metric used to indicate the number of hops to the destination network Add Kouting Entry Deatination Address Destination Mask Next Hop Routing Metric DE 10 1 16 0 235 235 255 0 192 1608 1 250 3 Cancel Sare current screen setting and return to previous panel Use lt TAB or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 87 4 5 6 5 Configuring the Default Route Defines the router to which this switch will forward all traffic for unknown networks The default route can be learned from RIP protocol See 4 5 6 1 4 Configuring RIP o
232. t is the router IP address for the specified VLAN members A template that identifies the address bits in the host address used for routing to specific subnets Each bit that corresponds to a 1 is part of the network subnet number and each bit that corresponds to 0 is part of the host number Enables or disables Proxy ARP for the interface This feature allows the switch forward an ARP request from a node in the attached subnetwork that does not have routing or a default gateway configured to a remote subnetwork See 6 2 5 Proxy ARP Note that Proxy ARP must be enabled globally for the switch before this setting can take effect See 4 5 6 2 Protocol Configuration Routing Information Protocol for unicast routing Open Shortest Path First unicast routing protocol Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 64 4 5 6 1 2 Configuring Port Groups You can create a new VLAN group or modify the members of an existing group by pressing Select on the Add Subnet screen Port Group Configuration Fort 1 VLAH 172734567890012145678901231456 1 P FPFFPPFFPFFPPFFPPFPFTPPFPPPT 5 Static 2 F P PVID Page E cAappiy Total 1 Pages UK lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt lt A del Enter page mmber than presa Apply to sec port group READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description VLAN A VLAN already configured on
233. te Aging Routing Metric The VLAN within which the gateway or destination address resides The IP address of the router at the next hop The IP route type for the destination network This switch supports the following types Direct A directly connected subnetwork Indirect A remote IP subnetwork or host address Myself A switch IP address on a specific IP subnetwork Bcast A subnetwork broadcast address Mcast An IP multicast address Invalid A illegal IP address to be filtered The route was learned in one of the following ways Local Manually configured Mgmt Set via SNMP ICMP Obtained via ICMP redirect RIP Learned via RIP protocol OSPF Learned via OSPF protocol Other Learned by some other method The route tag represents the device that originated this routing entry The number of seconds elapsed since this route was last updated or otherwise determined to be correct This entry only applies to RIP A relative measure of the path cost from this switch to the destination network This value depends on the specific routing protocol These three options is only for WGS3 2620 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 216 5 8 6 4 Multicast Table You can use this menu to display all the multicast groups currently active on this switch the IGMP cache the multicast forwarding cache and DVMRP routing information Parameter Description IP Multicast Displays all active multicast groups
234. tem MAINBOARD OCTOPUSO RAMBIST TEST PARES MAINBOARD OCTOPUS RAMBIST TEST PASES MAINBOARD OCTOPOS2 RAMBIST TEST so PASS MAINBOARD OCTOPUS RAMBIST TEST PASS MAINBOARD DOLPHIN RAMBIST TEST PASS MAINBOARD STARFISH RAMBIST TEST PASS Press cEnter gt to start UI For details on managing the switch refer to Chapter 4 Console Interface for information on the out of band console interface or Chapter 5 Web Interface for information on the Web interface WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 251 Appendix B Pin Assignments Console Port Pin Assignments The DB 9 serial port on the switch s rear panel is used to connect to the switch for out of band console configuration The on board menu driven configuration program can be accessed from a terminal a PC running a terminal emulation program or from a remote location via a modem connection The pin assignments used to connect to the serial port are provided in the following tables Figure B 1 DB 9 Console Port Pin Numbers WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 252 Port Pin Assignments EIA Circuit CCITT Description Switch s DB9 PC DB9 DTE Modem DB25 Signal Signal i Pin i Direction DTE DCE DCD Data Carrier Detected CD 108 DTR Data 6 4 20 Irene gt Terminal Ready AB 10 SG Signal 5 5 7 Ground CC 07 DSR Data 4 a Set Ready RTS d CE 125 RI Ring 22 NEN Indicator Console Port to 9 Pin COM Port on
235. ter Group Address Intf Reporter Up Time Expire V1 Timer Description An IP multicast group address with subscribers directly attached or downstream from this switch The IP interface on this switch that has received traffic directed to the IP multicast group address See 4 6 6 1 Displaying Subnet Information IP address of the source of the last membership report received for this multicast group on this interface If no membership report has been received this object has the value 0 0 0 0 The time elapsed since this entry was created The time remaining before this entry will be aged out The default is 260 seconds The time remaining until the switch assumes that there are no longer any IGMP Version 1 members on the IP subnet attached to this interface The default is 400 seconds If the switch receives an IGMP Version 1 Membership Report it sets a timer to note that there are Version 1 hosts present which are members of the group for which it heard the report If there are Version 1 hosts present for a particular group the switch will ignore any Leave Group messages that it receives for that group NOTE To scroll through the table use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then select Apply WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 118 4 6 6 4 2 Displaying the Multicast Forwarding Cache The switch maintains a cache of m
236. ter ABR to access destinations outside of the stub A stub can be used to reduce the amount of topology data that has to be exchanged over the network NSSA A not so stubby area cannot send but can receive external route information The ABR imports external routes and floods this information to all routers within the NSSA An Autonomous System Boundary Router ASBR can import external routes and flood this information to the entire Autonomous System WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 189 5 7 5 2 3 2 OSPF Area Range Configuration After you configure an area identifier you can specify a subnetwork address range that covers all the individual networks in this area This technique limits the amount of traffic exchanged between Area Border Routers ABRs by allowing them to advertise a single summary range By summarizing routes the routing changes within an area do not have to be updated in the backbone ABRs or in other areas To optimize the route summary first configure all the OSPF routers in an area so that they fall within a contiguous address range The route summary consists of an address and mask where the mask can be a Variable Length Subnet Mask VLSM Using VLSMs allows you to configure each subnetwork within a larger network with its own subnet mask This provides a longer subnet mask that covers fewer host IP addresses thereby reducing the size of the routing tables that have to be exchanged For more information on VS
237. ter Description Enable Port Mirroring Port Mirror Enables or disables the mirror function Mirroring Mode Specify the outbound TX_Mode or inbound RX_mode packets for mirroring Mirror Port Specify the port to be monitored Monitor Port The port whose used to attached computer with packet analyzer software WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 158 5 7 1 3 Configuring Port Trunks Ports can be combined into an aggregate link to increase the bandwidth of a network connection or ensure fault recovery You can configure trunks between any two switches The ports on this switch can be grouped into a trunk consisting of two four or eight ports creating an aggregate bandwidth to 400 800 1600 4000 or 8000 Mbps when operating at full duplex Besides balancing the load across each port in the trunk the additional ports provide redundancy by taking over the load if another port in the trunk should fail However before making any physical connections between devices use the Port Trunking Configuration menu to specify the trunk on the devices at both ends When using a port trunk remember that e he ports that can be assigned to the same trunk on WGS3 2620 are listed below Two ports as a trunk lt lt 13 01 gt gt lt lt 14 02 gt gt lt lt 15 03 gt gt lt lt 16 04 gt gt lt lt 17 05 gt gt lt lt 18 06 gt gt lt lt 19 07 gt gt lt lt 20 08 gt gt lt lt 21 09 gt gt lt lt 22 10 gt gt lt lt 23 11 gt gt lt lt 24
238. the STA algorithm to determine the best path between devices Therefore lower values should be assigned to ports attached to faster media and higher values assigned to ports with slower media Path cost takes precedence over port priority The default and recommended range is Ethernet 100 50 600 Fast Ethernet 19 10 60 Gigabit Ethernet 4 3 10 The full range is 0 65535 This parameter is used to enable disabled the Fast Spanning Tree mode for the selected port In this mode ports skip the Blocked Listening and Learning states and proceed straight to Forwarding NOTE Since end nodes cannot cause forwarding loops they can pass through the Spanning Tree state changes more quickly than allowed by standard convergence time Fast Forwarding can achieve quicker convergence for end node workstations and servers and also overcome other STA related time out problems Remember that Fast Forwarding should only be enabled for ports connected to an end node device WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 51 4 5 4 Configuring Virtual LANs You can use the VLAN configuration menu to assign any port on the switch to any of up to 256 Virtual LAN groups In conventional networks with routers broadcast traffic is split up into separate domains Switches do not inherently support broadcast domains This can lead to broadcast storms in large networks that handle traffic such as IPX or NetBEUI By using IEEE 802 1Q compliant VLANs you can or
239. therwise well formed The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets in length excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and had either an FCS or alignment error The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and had either an FCS or alignment error The best estimate of the total number of collisions on this Ethernet segment The total number of frames including bad packets received and transmitted that were 64 octets in length excluding framing bits but including FCS octets The total number of frames including bad packets received and transmitted where the number of octets fall within the specified range excluding framing bits but including FCS octets NOTE Statistics are refreshed every 10 seconds by default See 4 4 2 Configuring the Serial Port WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 98 4 6 2 Layer 2 Address Tables This menu includes the unicast address table Layer 7T Address Table Unicast Address Table lt gt Return to previous panel Use lt TAR gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Menu Description Unicast Address Table Provides a full listing for unicast addresses WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 99 4 6 2 1 Displaying the Unicast Address Table The Unicast Address Table contains the MAC addresses associated with each port that is the source port associated with
240. tics Port 1 state summary Name Te OOBASETX Admin Status Enabled Link Status Down Speed Status 10M Duplex Status Half Flow Control Status Off VLAN ID 1 WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 137 Parameter Description Type Shows port type as 100BASE TX 10BASE T 100BASE TX 1000BASE T 1000Base FX Admin Status Shows if the port is enabled or has been disabled due to abnormal behavior or for security reasons See Configuring Port Parameters Link Status Indicates if the port has a valid connection to an external device Speed Status Indicates the current port speed Duplex Status Indicates the port s current duplex mode Flow Control Status Shows the flow control type in use Flow control can eliminate frame loss by blocking traffic from end stations connected directly to the switch VLAN ID The VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames received on this port Use the PVID to assign ports to the same untagged VLAN WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 138 5 3 2 Configuring the Serial Port If you are having difficulties making an out of band console connection to the serial port on the switch you can display or modify the current settings for the serial port through the Web agent Click on the serial port icon in the switch image to display or configure these settings as shown below serial Port Configuration Baud Rate IO y Puy Non Time Out D miute Auto Refresh 0 second
241. tion packets to the neighbor Each database description packet has a sequence number and is explicitly acknowledged All adjacencies in Exchange state or greater are used by the flooding procedure In fact these adjacencies are fully capable of transmitting and receiving all types of OSPF routing protocol packets Loading Link State Request packets are sent to the neighbor asking for more recent advertisements that have been discovered but not yet received in the Exchange state Full The neighboring routers are fully adjacent These adjacencies will now appear in router links and network links advertisements The number of events encountered that cause a neighbor state change since boot up WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 226 5 9 Resetting the System Use the Restart command under the Main Menu to reset the management agent The reset screen is shown below Restart Option Reload Factory Default No Apply Cancel Parameter Description Reload Factory Reloads the factory defaults Defaults Apply Restarts the switch NOTE When restarting the system it will always run the Power On Self Test It will also retain all system information unless you elect to reload the factory defaults WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 227 Chapter 6 Advanced Topics This Layer 3 switch supports both Layer 2 which is based on physical device addresses and Layer 3 switching which is based on IP network addresses Thes
242. to one of these groups This OSPF interface will send and receive OSPF traffic to neighboring OSPF routers You can further optimize the exchange of OSPF traffic by specifying an area range that covers a large number of subnetwork addresses This is an important technique for limiting the amount of traffic exchanged between Area Border Routers ABRs And finally you must specify a virtual link to any OSPF area that is not physically attached to the OSPF backbone Virtual links can also be used to provide a redundant link between contiguous areas to prevent areas from being partitioned or to merge backbone areas The following menu provides all the global configuration options for OSPF OSPF Configuration Menu Router ID Selection ge Daten ba Router Id 10 0 0 254 AS Border Status Disabled RFC 1583 Compatibility Disabled Area ID Configuration OSPF Area Range Configuration OSPF Virtual Link Configuration OSPF Host Route Configuration Apply DK gt Cancel System router ID automatic configuration status READ SELECT Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Space gt to scroll options WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual Parameter Router ID Selection Router ID RFC 1583 Compatibility Area ID Configuration OSPF Area Range Configuration OSPF Virtual Link Configuration WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual Default STATIC INTF VLAN 1 IP Disabled Description Defines
243. tor network conditions The figure below of the Main Menu and the following table briefly describe the selections available from this program NOTE Options for the currently selected item are displayed in the highlighted area at the bottom of the interface screen WESt 2670 Layer 7 Hodes Main Menu EH EE NEEDED NEMO EE SD NO Syst sa Information Menu Management Setup Menu Device Control Henu Hrtwork Monitor Menu Syelem Reetart Henu Exit Display or change system information Wee lt TAB gt or arrow keye to move lt Enter gt to zeleni Menu Description Operation Mode The text string in the top right corner of the screen shows if the switch is operating as a Layer 2 switch or as a multilayer routing switch WQGS3 404 is always operating as a multilayer routing switch and not showing this message System Information Menu System Information Provides basic system description including contact information Switch Information Shows hardware firmware version numbers power status and expansion modules used in the switch Management Setup Menu Network Configuration Includes IP Configuration T Ping facility and HTTP Web agent setup Serial Port Sets communication parameters for the serial port including baud rate Configuration console time out and screen data refresh interval SNMP Configuration Activates authentication failure traps and configures community access strings and trap ma
244. traffic WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 43 4 5 2 4 Configuring the Static Unicast Address Table The Static Unicast Address Table can be used to assign the MAC address for a host device to a specific port on this switch Static unicast addresses are never aged out and cannot be learned on another port If any packets with a source address specified in this table enter another port they will be dropped The Static Unicast Address Table is described in the following figure and table Layer 2 Menu Static Address Table Addresg Port Address Port DO 30 4F 01 33 45 1 00 30 4F 17 34 56 1 D0 30 4P 233 45 67 E 12 34 56 76 91 12 1 12 14 57 5 78 91 23 3 Page 1 Apply Total 1 Pages lt 0K gt lt Mext Page Prep Page gt Fidel add static address entry zEnter to select Use TAB or arrow keys to move Parameter Description Address The MAC address of a host device attached to this switch Port The switch port the host device is attached to NOTE To assign a MAC address to a specific port use Add To delete or modify an address highlight it with the cursor and press Enter To scroll through the address table use the Next Page and Prev Page buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then press Apply WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 44 4 5 2 5 Configuring the Static Multicast Address Table The Static Multicast Address Table can be used to assign a destin
245. ts to indicate that the Switch is sending or receiving data at 10 Mbps FDX COL Yellow Lights green to indicate that the port is operating in full duplex mode Blinks orange periodically to indicate that the connection is experiencing collisions Lights to indicate that the connection is acting WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual e 2 2 4 3 WGSW C1SX LED Definition LED Color Function 1000 Lights to indicate that receiver of fibre port is in normal optical input levels Act Lights to indicate that the connection is acting FDX COL Yellow Lights to indicate that the port is operating at full duplex This port does not support half duplex 2 3 Mounting the Switch The switch can be placed directly on your desktop or mounted in a rack Before you start installing the switch make sure you can provide the right operating environment including power requirements sufficient physical space and proximity to other network devices that are to be connected Verify the following installation requirements e Power requirements 100 to 240 V AC 10 at 50 to 60 Hz 3Hz The switch s power supply automatically adjusts to the input voltage level e The switch should be located in a cool dry place with at least 10 cm 4 in of space on the sides for ventilation e Place the switch out of direct sunlight and away from heat sources or areas with a high amount of electromagnetic interference e f you intend to mount the switch in a
246. ual 24 4 4 6 Saving or Restoring the System Configuration Use the Configuration File menu to save the switch configuration settings to a file on a TFTP client The file can be later downloaded to the switch to restore the switch s settings The success of the operation depends on the accessibility of the TFTP client and the quality of the network connection Parameters shown on this screen are indicated in the following figure and table Configuration File Station IP USBEEIPICEPE Operation Download fram switch OS TART gt Cancel IP sddrezs of the TETP client READ WRITE Use lt TAB gt of arrow keys to move other keys to make changer Parameter Description Station IP IP address of a PC running TFTP client software Operation Download from switch Downloads the current switch configuration to a file on the client PC Upload to switch Uploads a configuration file to the switch from the client PC WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual a Saving and restoring switch configuration settings can be initiated by using any TFTP client utility such as the command line utility included in Windows NT 2000 XP For example using Windows NT from a DOS window command prompt enter the TFTP command in the form TFTP i host GET PUT source destination To transfer a file On Switch Specify the IP address of the TFTP client and select Download from switch or Upload to Switch Then select Start from th
247. ue at both ends of the link if the device you are attaching to is VLAN aware and configure an IP interface for this VLAN if you need to connect it to other group This parameter is for WGS3 2620 only WGS3 404 s default setting is Rx All and use VLAN Table Configuration for Tx Parameter Default Description GVRP Enabled Enables or disables GVRP for this port When disabled any GVRP packets received on this port will be discarded and no GVRP registrations will be propagated from other ports Note that GVRP must be enabled globally for the switch before this setting can take effect See 4 5 3 1 Configuring Global Bridge Settings GMRP Enabled Enables or disables GMRP for this port When enabled this port will allow end stations to register with multicast groups using GMRP Note that GMRP must be enabled for the switch before this setting can take effect IGMP and IGMP Snooping also provide multicast filtering See 6 4 2 IGMP Protocol Ingress Disabled If enabled incoming frames for VLANs which do not include this ingress NECS port in their member set will be discarded at the ingress port Filtering 4 Only displayed on WGS3 2620 5 This control does not affect VLAN independent BPDU frames such as GVRP or STP However they do affect VLAN dependent BPDU frames such as GMRP WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 54 4 5 4 2 VLAN Table Configuration Use this screen to create a new VLAN or modify the settings
248. ulticast routing entries used to calculate the delivery tree in multicast routing protocols The Multicast Forwarding Cache includes the subnetwork that contains the multicast source and the nearest upstream neighbor for each known multicast group address Multicast Forwarding Cache Group Addrgg zs Source Address Mask Upstream Abr Peotocol Up Time 234 1 6 99 10 1 0 0 16 10 1 15 19 D VMEP 17 Page Y lt Apply gt Total 0 Pages ca i lt Prev Page gt Hest Page gt The page number READ SWRITE Use lt TAB gt nr arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description Group Address An IP multicast group address with subscribers directly attached or downstream from this switch Source Address The IP subnetwork at the root of the multicast delivery tree This subnetwork contains a known multicast source Mask Subnet mask that is used for the source address This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets Upstream Nbr The IP address of the network device immediately upstream for this group Protocol The multicast routing protocol associated with this entry Up Time The time elapsed since this entry was created NOTE To scroll through the table use the Next Page and lt Prev Page gt buttons To display a specific page set the page number in the Page field and then select Apply WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 119 4 6 6 4 3 Displaying the DVMRP Routing Table The DVMRP
249. uration Interface Type Ethernet TF Address AI he EE Subnet Magk 233 233 235 0 Gateway IP 209 70 249 116 IP State USER COBFIG Hgt Access ALI VLANs Applgy lt O0K gt lt Canoel gt IF address of this syatem for Ethernet READ WRITE Wee lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 23 Parameter Interface Type IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway IP State VLAN ID Mgt Access Description Indicates IP over Ethernet IP address of the switch you are managing The system supports SNMP over UDP IP transport protocol In this environment all systems on the Internet such as network interconnection devices and any PC accessing the agent module must have an IP address Valid IP addresses consist of four numbers of 0 to 255 and separated by periods Anything outside of this format will not be accepted by the configuration program Subnet mask of the switch This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets Gateway used to pass trap messages from the system s agent to the management station Note that the gateway must be defined when operating at Layer 2 if the management station is located in a different IP segment Specifies whether IP functionality is enabled via manual configuration or set by Boot Protocol BOOTP Options include USER CONFIG IP functionality is enabled based on the default or user
250. uration using unicast routing Or Broadcasts the DHCP Request again to another directly attached IP subnet specified in the switch configuration for the receiving IP subnet When the DHCP server receives the DHCP request it allocates a free IP address for the DHCP client from its scope in the DHCP client s subnet and sends a DHCP Response back to the DHCP Relay Agent The DHCP Relay Agent then broadcasts this DHCP Response packet received from the DHCP server to the appropriate client WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 246 6 7 Security Features The switch provides security features that allow you to control management access and network access as described in the following sections 6 7 1 SNMP Community Strings Access to the switch using network management tools HP OpenView is controlled by SNMP community strings This switch supports up to five community strings A character string indicating the access rights of the management community must be provided whenever you send an SNMP message to the switch Each community has either read only or read write access rights A community that has read only access can only use GET and GETNEXT commands to view the current configuration settings and status of the switch While a community with read write access can GET and GETNEXT commands as well as the SET command to configure the switch 6 7 2 User Name and Passwords This switch can also be accessed via a direct connection to the conso
251. us 4 3 2 1 Switch Information of WGS3 2620 Switch Information Hardware Verai nn Roi PFPirmare Verziomn 7 V1 01 Serial Humber i 00 30 4F 18 E6 40 Humber of Forts 6 Power Status i Active Fan Power Status 2 Active 61 Information i 0 0 Bazre T G Information 1000 Base T cR Return to previous panel Use lt Enter gt to select Parameter Hardware Version Firmware Version Serial Number Port Number Power Status Fan Power Status G1 and G2 Information Description Hardware version of the main board System firmware version in ROM The serial number MAC address of the main board Number of ports on this switch Shows if power is active Shows if power to the fan is active or inactive Shows the G1 and G2 connection type It is always 1000Base T on this version WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 19 4 3 2 2 Switch Information of WGS3 404 Parameter Hardware Version Firmware Version Serial Number Port Number Packet Memory Size Sitch Information Hardware Version i ROC Firmware Version W0 61 Serial Humber D0 30 4F 40 95 6 Port Wumhecr B Packet Memory Size Gn UN gt to previous panel Use Enter to select Return Description Hardware version of the main board System firmware version in ROM The serial number MAC address of the main board Number of ports on this switch Shows memory size for packet buffer It is always 6M bytes WGS3 La
252. ut routes and for setting the children and leaf flags Range 10 8000 seconds NOTE IGMP is automatically enabled disabled along with DVMRP See 6 4 2 IGMP Protocol WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 183 5 7 5 2 Protocol Configuration Use the Protocol Configuration screen to globally enable or disable unicast or multicast routing protocols for the switch r n T run r TT T rai ror T Fh Eh p 1 r r IO SUTI Ll I ARP Advanced gt gt RIP Disabled gt Advanced gt gt DHCP Relay Disabled Advanced gt mm Disabled v Advanced gt gt Cancel Apply WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 184 Parameter ARP Proxy ARP RIP OSPF DHCP Relay IGMP Snooping DVMRP Description Sets the aging time for dynamic ARP entries Enables or disables Proxy ARP globally for the switch This feature allows the switch to forward an ARP request from a node in the attached subnetwork that does not have routing or a default gateway configured to a remote subnetwork See 6 2 5 Proxy ARP If Proxy ARP is globally enabled for the switch then you can enable or disable it for a specific interface See 4 5 6 1 1 Adding an IP Interface or 4 5 6 1 3 Modifying an IP Interface Enables or disables the Routing Information Protocol The Advanced menu sets the interval at which the switch advertises known routes and also enables disables advertising for static routes
253. uting table for each area to which it is attached and sends routing summaries for each attached area to the backbone which in turn distributes this information to other areas in the autonomous system This reduces the size of the routing tables that have to maintained throughout the system and prevents frequent updates from flooding the system whenever a link change occurs To configure a routing summary you must define the OSPF Area Range for all the networks within an ABR s area This range is specified with an IP address and network mask page 2 60 or 3 45 Moreover since OSPF supports Variable Length Subnet Masks VLSMs you can specify a mask on a bit boundary which can further reduce the number of advertised addresses Autonomous System Boundary Router An Autonomous System AS contains all the routers in your network each of which shares information with other routers to determine a shortest path route to every destination in the AS However when an AS is connected to an outside network it must import external routing information through an Autonomous System Boundary Router ASBR An ASBR can import routing information through other routing protocols such as RIP An ASBR will generate external link advertisements on selected interfaces if OSPF is enabled globally and any of the following conditions exist on an interface RIP is enabled or e RIP and OSPF are both disabled Link State Advertisements Each router maintains a
254. veAll query message for group participants and the port leaving the group This interval should be considerably larger than the Leave Time to minimize the amount of traffic generated by nodes rejoining the group 1 The default values for the GARP timers are independent of the media access method or data rate These values should not changed unless you are experiencing some difficulties with GMRP or GVRP registration deregistration Parameter Default Description VLAN and Priority These fields set the default values for VLANs port priority GVRP and GMRP Port VID 1 The VLAN ID assigned to untagged frames received on this port Port Default O Set the default ingress priority to any value beneath the priority threshold Priority to specify the low priority queue or to any value equal to or above this threshold to specify the high priority queue VLAN Tagging Layer 2 Indicates whether or not VLAN tags will be included on frames passing T through this port The options include Rx All TIAM Rx All Accepts all frames tagged or untagged X l Rx Untag Only accepts untagged frames Multilayer Tx All If PVID and frame tag are same sends tagged frame Rx All otherwise sends untagged Tx Untag Tx Untag Sends only untagged frames 2 The switch supports Quality of Service QoS by using two or four priority queues with Weighted Fair Queuing for each port Inbound frames that do not have VLAN tags are tagged with the input po
255. ween any area and the backbone to help prevent partitioning or to connect two existing backbone areas into a common backbone Note that the processes of establishing a active link between virtual neighbors is similar to that used for physically adjacent neighbors OSPF Virtual Heighbor Table Area ID Router ID IP Address Option State Events 192 168 9 0 192 168 9 754 192 168 9 754 3 Full 6 Page Apply Total O ages OK lt Prer Page gt lt Hext Page gt The page number READ WRITE Use TAB gt or arrow keys to move other keys to make changes Parameter Description Area ID The transit area the virtual link must cross to connect the border routers Router ID The OSPF identifier for the router at the other end of the link IP Address IP address of the border router at the other end of the link Option The optional OSPF capabilities supported by the neighbor The neighbor s optional OSPF capabilities are also listed in its Hello packets This enables received Hellos to be rejected i e neighbor relationships will not even start to form if there is a mismatch in certain crucial OSPF capabilities The OSPF optional capabilities currently accepted include external routing capability and TOS capability You need to map the binary bits to the supported options For example 3 indicates both routing capability and TOS capability WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 128 State Events The communication state for two ad
256. which all recognized Ethernet networks and the corresponding VLAN can be reached Displays all the multicast groups active on this switch including the multicast IP address and the corresponding VLANs Also includes the IGMP registration table the multicast forwarding cache and DVMRP routing information Displays a link state advertisement summary the neighbor table and the virtual neighbor table 5 8 6 1 Displaying Subnet Information You can display a list of all the IP interfaces configured on this switch This table includes the gateway address corresponding VLAN and member ports that use this address Subnet Information IP Address 192 162 1 201 Parameter IP Address Subnet Mask VLAN Port Members Subnet Mask VLAN Pon Members 255 255 2550 1 1234567891011 12131415 1617 1819 20 21 22 23 24 25 36 Description The address for an IP interface on this switch A template that identifies the address bits in the host address used for routing to specific subnets Each bit that corresponds to a 1 is part of the network subnet number each bit that corresponds to 0 is part of the host number The VLAN group associated with this IP interface The ports that can be reached through this IP interface WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 214 5 8 6 2 ARP Table Address Resolution Protocol ARP defines a method for extracting a host s Ethernet address from its Internet address This table shows the IP t
257. wise temporary data loops might result The maximum value is 30 The minimum value is the higher of 4 or Max Message Age 2 1 The maximum time in seconds a device can wait without receiving a configuration message before attempting to reconfigure All device ports except for designated ports should receive configuration messages at regular intervals Any port that ages out STA information provided in the last configuration message becomes the designated port for the attached LAN If it is a root port a new root port is selected from among the device ports attached to the network The minimum value is the higher of 6 or 2 x Hello Time 1 The maximum value is the lower of 40 or 2 x Forward Delay 1 GARP Multicast Registration Protocol GMRP allows network devices to register end stations with multicast groups If GMRP is globally enabled for the switch then you can individually enable or disable GMRP for a specific port See 4 5 4 1 VLAN Port Configuration IGMP and IGMP Snooping also provide multicast filtering For multilayer mode the full IGMP protocol set is automatically enabled disabled along with DVMRP See 6 4 2 IGMP Protocol and 4 5 5 Configuring IGMP Snooping GARP VLAN Registration Protocol GVRP defines a way for switches to exchange VLAN information in order to register VLAN members on ports across the network This function should be enabled to permit automatic VLAN registration
258. work using RIPv1 RIP2 Broadcast Route information is broadcast to other routers on the network using RIPv2 RIP2 Multicast Route information is multicast to other routers on the network using RIPv2 Do Not Send The switch will passively monitor route information advertised by other routers attached to the network The routing protocol messages accepted on this port includes RIP1 RIP2 RIP1 RIP2 or Disabled i e none received A metric indicates the number of hops between the switch and the destination network The default metric is used for the default route in RIP updates originated on this interface A value of zero indicates that no default route should be originated in this case a default route via another router may be propagated Range 0 15 Propagates routes back to an interface port from which they have been acquired but sets the distance vector metrics to infinity NOTE This is a method of preventing routing information from looping back to the source Note that Split Horizon is also enabled on this switch for this purpose See 6 2 6 1 RIP and RIP 2 Dynamic Routing Protocols WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 68 4 5 6 1 5 Configuring OSPF Open Shortest Path First is more suited for large area networks which experience frequent changes in the links It also allows for subnets This protocol actively tests the status of each link to its neighbors to generate a shortest path
259. yer 3 Switch User s Manual 20 4 4 Management Setup Menu After initially logging onto the system adjust the communication parameters for your console to ensure a reliable connection Serial Port Configuration Specify the IP addresses for the switch Network Configuration IP Configuration and then set the Administrator and User passwords User Configuration Remember to record them in a safe place Also set the community string which controls access to the on board SNMP agent via in band management software SNMP Configuration The items provided by the Management Setup Menu are described in the following sections Management Setup Menu Hrtwark Configuration serial Port Cont igqurat loan SHMP Configuration User Configuration TFTP Download Configuration File DK gt Display or change network configuration Use lt TAB gt or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Menu Description Network Includes IP Configuration E Ping facility and HTTP Web agent setup Configuration Serial Port Sets communication parameters for the serial port including baud rate Configuration console time out and screen data refresh interval SNMP Configuration Activates authentication failure traps and configures communities and trap managers User Configuration Sets the user names and passwords for system access TFTP Download Downloads new version of firmware to update your system in band C
260. ynamically learn the routes to other IP networks subnets or hosts using unicast or multicast routing protocols If the route to a specific destination cannot be learned via these protocols or you wish to restrict the path used for transmitting traffic to a destination it can be statically configured using the Static Route Table Before defining a static route remember that you must first configure at least one IP interface on this switch See WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual 196 5 7 5 1 Subnet Configuration Static routes take precedence over dynamically learned routes and remain in the table until you remove them or the corresponding IP interface from this switch Static Route Table Destination D Network Destination mask Vian Next hop Type Metrics Edit 192 162 4 0 223 255 255 0 1 192 162 1 150 Indirect 1 Pp Destination Network Destination Mask Next Hop Routing Metric Add Delete Cancel Parameter Destination Network Destination Mask VLAN Next Hop Type Routing Metric Description A destination network subnet or host The subnet mask that specifies the bits to match A routing entry will be used for a packet if the bits in the address set by the destination mask match the Destination Network The VLAN within which the gateway or destination address resides The IP address of the router at the next hop Note that the network portion of the next hop must match that used for
261. yte Frames U Fort Humber 1 Apply Reset xMeset AIL OK Refresh Hext Port Prev Port gt Return WGS3 Layer 3 Switch User s Manual to pt vcrigcus gt 07 panel Use TAB or arrow keys to move lt Enter gt to select Parameter Drop Events Bytes Frames Broadcast Frames Multicast Frames CRC Alignment Errors Undersize Frames Fragments Jabbers Collisions 64 Byte Frames 65 127 Byte Frames 128 255 Byte Frames 256 511 Byte Frames 512 1023 Byte Frames 1024 1518 Byte Frames 1519 1536 Byte Frames Description The total number of events in which packets were dropped due to lack of resources Total number of bytes of data received on the network This statistic can be used as a reasonable indication of Ethernet utilization The total number of frames bad broadcast and multicast received The total number of good frames received that were directed to the broadcast address Note that this does not include multicast packets The total number of good frames received that were directed to this multicast address The number of CRC alignment errors FCS or alignment errors The total number of frames received that were less than 64 octets long excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and were otherwise well formed Oversize Frames The total number of frames received that were longer than 1518 octets excluding framing bits but including FCS octets and were o

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