PASCO Specialty & Mfg. TD-8596A User's Manual
Contents
1. P and initial temperature T in Table 2 Record the initial volume V including your calculated value of V Note V 2 40 cc Highlight the area on the temperature graph where it peaks Pick the place where the temperature has peaked not the pressure It takes the temperature sensor about 1 2 second to respond Record the peak temperature T5 and the corresponding pressure P for that time in Table 2 You want two values that occurred at the same time PASC Oe Model No TD 8596A Procedure Table 2 Varying Temperature Volume cc Pressure kPa Temperature K 4 Record the volume V including V of the fully compressed plunger 5 The Ideal Gas Law states that the quantity c Constant Use your values to calculate the ratio PV T Use your values to calculate the ratio PV T 6 Compare these two ratios Are they about the same Calculate the percent difference between them Value 2 Value 1 P t Diff x 100 ercent Difference Value Z1 X 96 Questions 1 When the syringe volume is suddenly cut in half the pressure changes by more than a factor of 2 Why does it momentarily spike above 200 kPa 2 When the syringe volume is suddenly cut in half both the temperature and the pressure go up After a short time the temperature approaches room temperature but the pressure approaches some new higher value Why doesn t the pressure decrease back to its2. Pressure kPa t2 e a Temperature K w 2 a 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 0 2 4 B 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Time s Constant Temperature Sample Data and Analysis Table 1 Constant Temperature Volume cc Pressure kPa 1 40 0 99 76 2 20 0 184 17 P V P V V AP M IA P P V 3 6 cc Among different lab groups or over several trials you may find that calculated values of V vary by 1 ec or more This may look like a very large uncertainty but since it is added to the total volume of gas 40 to 60 cc the absolute uncertainty rather than the relative uncertainty should be considered pK PASC Oe 7 Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Model No TD 8596A Varying Temperature Sample Data and Analysis Table 2 Varying Temperature Volume cc Pressure kPa Temperature K 1 43 6 99 76 301 04 2 23 6 199 22 321 08 P V L 14 4 kPa cc K T PV 27 14 6 kPa cc K T3 Percent Difference 1 Answers to Questions 1 When the cylinder is compressed the pressure momentarily spikes because the temperature of the gas increases As the temperature drops back down the pressure decreases 9 molar quantity of gas remains the same The pressure does not return to its original value because volume has decreased while the 3 When the pressure is released the temperature drop
3. original value like the temperature does 3 When the plunger is released in the last part of the data run what happens to the temperature Why I PASC Oe 5 Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Model No TD 8596A Safety Read the instructions before using this product Students should be supervised by their instructors When using this product follow the instructions in this manual and all local safety guidelines that apply to you Technical Support For assistance with any PASCO product contact PASCO at Address PASCO scientific 10101 Foothills Blvd Roseville CA 95747 7100 Phone 916 786 3800 800 772 8700 Fax 916 786 3292 Web www pasco com Email support pasco com Copyright and Warranty Information Copyright Notice The PASCO scientific 012 08842C Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Instruction Manual is copyrighted and all rights reserved However permission is granted to non profit educational institutions for reproduction of any part of this manual providing the reproductions are used only for their laboratories and are not sold for profit Reproduction under any other circumstances without the written consent of PASCO scientific is prohibited Limited Warranty For a description of the product warranty see the PASCO catalog 6 AS C Oe Model No TD 8596A Teacher s Notes Ideal Gas Law Experiment 1 Teacher s Notes Ideal Gas Law P 2 3 z 1 m zi 1 Absolute
4. the slope and the initial pressure and temperature on Table 1 the initial volume of gas is Initial Volume nRT P 21 3 cc kPa K x 300 K 102 kPa 62 8 cc This figure is the volume of the syringe plus the volume of the attached tubing Volume of tubing 62 8 cc 60 0 cc 2 8 cc The y intercept of the best fit line 2 68 cc is also the volume of gas in the tubing In this case the two values deviate by about 0 1 cc n slope R Pay attention to units in this calculation 213cc kPa K _ 0 0213 J K 3 The ratio of slopes is 1 51 close to the expected value of 1 5 In theory the y intercepts of both slopes are equal because B k Rund they both represent the A Rund2 volume of the tubing In this case they differ by 0 35 cc Linear Fit m Slope 21 3 b Y Intercept 2 58 Linear Fit m Slope b CY Intercept PASC Ci
5. ASCO catalog or web site for more information Introduction The Ideal Gas Law Syringe allows simultaneous measurements of temperature and pressure of a gas as it is compressed A low thermal mass thermistor is built into the end of the syringe to measure temperature changes inside the syringe The response time is around a half of a second The plunger is equipped with a mechanical stop that protects the thermistor and also allows for a quick predetermined change in volume The temperature connector a mini stereo jack connects directly to a temperature sensor and the pressure connector a quick release connector attachs directly to a pressure sensor As the plunger of the syringe is depressed the volume decreases while pressure and temperature increase Equipment Setup Plug the mini stereo jack into the temperature sensor Connect the quick release connector to the pressure port as shown This white plastic connector can be disconnected and re connected during the experiment to allow for different initial plunger positions Procedure Set the plunger for a volume of 40 cc Hold the base of the syringe firmly against a sturdy horizontal surface Slap down on the plunger with the palm of your hand to fully compress the gas inside the syrinnge Hold this position until the temperature and pressure have equalized and are no longer changing about 30 seconds Release the plunger and allow i
6. Instructions Instruction Manual Experiment 12 08420A wn Ideal Gas Law Apparatus TD 8596A 7 E e 0 10101 Foothills Blvd Roseville CA 95747 7100 Phone 916 786 3800 FAX 916 786 8905 www pasco com Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Model No TD 8596A Table of Contents Introduction 6 nas na etae iui pe A Ace ieu A S are iE 2 Equipmsrnt Setup ia vues EST ER Rey ERA re ae ee tw UE GR wh x RR EE RET a 2 Experiment 1 Ideal Gas Law 0000 e 3 SAC cost a deu ee eae IDEE DEM Ed AA die 6 Technical Support rsim aniis es EXIGIR REG A Aa Se EROR RUE RES ROS 6 Copyright and Warranty Information oooococccnnnnnanr Be 6 Teacher s Notes Experiment 1 2 23 dr e RR XU AR IA RAW RO Ex er 7 Model No TD 8596A Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Model No TD 8596A Included Equipment Replacement Part Number 1 Mechanical stop 2 Syringe and plunger 3 Thermistor 4 Pressure connector quick release connector 5 Temperature connector mini stereo jack 6 DataStudio Workbook CD not shown 013 08980 I PASC Oe 4 Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Model No TD 8596A Additional Equipment Required or Recommended Model Number PASPORT interface Pressure Temp sensor or PS 2146 or Pressure sensor and Temperature sensor PS 2125 and PS 2107 PASPORT extension cable PS 2500 See the P
7. s rapidly then slowly returns to room temperature The temperature drops due to sudden decompression which is essentially adiabatic It returns to room temperature due to heat flow from the environment into the syringe PAS C Oe Model No TD 8596A Teacher s Notes ldeal Gas Law Workbook Experiment 1 Teacher s Notes ldeal Gas Law Workbook With the electronic workbook contained on the 60 CD ROM students will explore the relationship between the volume 50 pressure and temperature of a gas They will compare graphs of V versus T P for two different quantities of gas and use these graphs to calculate the number of moles in both cases Volume cc 4 30 Have your students open the DataStudio file Ideal Gas 20 Law Workbook and follow the on screen instructions They will collect graph and analyze data within the Fig 4 Both Data Sets electronic workbook 1 0 2 0 3 0 40 5 0 TIP To hand in their work students can save a copy of the file or print the workbook after they have finished These sample data are from the file Workbook with data Pressure kF emperature TIP Volume Pressure kP emperature TIP Table 1 Initial Volume 60 cc Table 2 Initial Volume 40 cc PAS C Ci 9 Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Model No TD 8596A Answers to Questions on Page 5 of the Workbook 10 3 The slope of each line is nR From
8. should see that data highlighted in the Data Table Record the initial pressure P in Table 1 Highlight an area on the pressure graph at the point just before you released the plunger Note that the temperature should be back down to almost room temperature again Record the final pressure P5 in Table 1 Record the volume V of the syringe when the plunger is fully compressed It should be around 20 cc I PASC Oe 3 Ideal Gas Law Apparatus Model No TD 8596A Table 1 Constant Temperature Volume cc Pressure kPa 1 40 0 For constant temperature the Ideal Gas Law reduces to P V P V or Vi BE om Y Take the ratio of the final pressure over the initial pressure P P Take the ratio of the initial volume over the final volume V V Are they equal Why not There is actually a small consistent error in the volume that you can account for The calibration on the syringe does not include the volume of air in the tubing If we call this unknown additional volume V the equation 1 above can be more correctly written as VitVy P Ss 45 vov PR Y Using your measured values of V V P and P algebraically solve for and calculate the volume V Varying Temperature 1 Highlight an area on the temperature graph at the beginning of the run before you compressed the air as you did before It does not matter if it is the same pressure point or not Record both the initial pressure
9. t to return on its own It may not go back to 40 cc NOTE Do not use a hammer or mallet on the plunger Only use the palm of your hand to push the plunger down PAS C Ci Model No TD 8596A Procedure Experiment 1 Ideal Gas Law Procedure 1 With the pressure coupling disconnected push the plunger all the way in so that the stop is bottomed out Record the volume reading on the syringe It should be around 20 cc Mechanical Stop Set the plunger for a volume of 40 cc Connect the pressure coupling and make sure the temperature jack is also plugged in Hold the base of the apparatus firmly against a sturdy horizontal surface Plunger 40 cc Open the DataStudio file Ideal Gas Law Click Start Fully compress the plunger quickly so that the stop is bottomed out Hold this position until the temperature and pressure have equalized and are no longer changing It should take less than 30 seconds for the temperature to return to room temperature Release the plunger and allow it to expand back out on its own It may not go back to 40 cc Wait again until the temperature and pressure have equalized and are no longer changing Record the final volume reading on the syringe Click Stop Analysis Constant Temperature 1 Highlight an area click and drag on the pressure graph at the beginning of the run before you compressed the air You
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