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Olicom 8605 User's Manual

1. MAU Server Q MAU Server EA 19 Workstations 19 Workstations MAU Server MAU Server a wo a m amp 19 Workstations E 19 Workstations Figure 8 Typical LAN Segmentation All of the stations are attached to access units located in a single wiring closet You can install an switch in the same wiring closet and divide the LAN into 4 segments of 20 stations each One access unit port from each segment will be connected to a port on the switch via a patch cable Finally the four servers are removed from the access units to which they have been attached and their cables moved to four ports on the switch as depicted in Figure 9 Each group of 19 users attached to an access unit now shares a dedicated 16 Mbps path to the server Each server has a dedicated 16 Mbps path upon which to service requests The overall capacity of this solution is 64 Mbps network capacity has increased fourfold Preparing for Installation 51 Servers Bese VA CrossFire 8600 m KAU Sf Eea a i saana EE E 19 Workstations A 19 Workstations D w a m a 19 Workstations E 19 Workstations
2. Figure 9 A Simple Application of the Switch Some large multisegment hierarchical Token Ring networks experience congestion at the campus backbone level Although this congestion can often be relieved by converting the backbone to a higher speed shared media protocol or by installing additional bridges or dual backbones to eliminate bottlenecks the CrossFire 8600 switch and or the CrossFire 8605 switch offer dedicated media that might be longer lived or more economical if you eventually need higher demand applications Figure 10 on the next page illustrates a typical network without the CrossFire 8600 or the CrossFire 8605 switch This network is a three level hierarchical campus network Figure 11 and Figure 12 offer several alternatives for using the CrossFire 8600 or the CrossFire 8605 switch CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 52 Server Server Pi Xe 5 Fa SRB SRB Server Server 4 SRB SRB SRB SRB SRB Ca 2 3 aa C8 9 Figure 10 Typical Network without the CrossFire Switches In Figure 11 the congested campus backbone and the source routing bridges SRBs attached to it have been replaced by an CrossFire 8600 or a CrossFire 8605 Server Server 32 M
3. 25 CrossLink Connections 00 25 Spanning Tree Protocol Support VUAN SUPPOR an ce E areas BR ee we Ra ee a e a 26 Management 0 0 02 ee ee eee ee RMON Support 0 000022 eee 28 Built in Port Counters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 4 29 Stackable Architecture 0 08 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 vi Optional Redundant Power Supply 30 Benefits of the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 32 3 Preparing for Installation 43 Safety Recommendations 43 Safety with Electricity 0 0 4 43 Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage 45 Site Requirements 2 005250 00 46 Environments iaa areia le ee SR ara a ae Se wl eae 46 Chassis Accessibility 0 46 Cooling and Airflow 022200 46 POWef eine eA BA ee ee ee Pe Be Sed 46 Unpacking and Inspecting 2 2 4 4 48 RulestoRemember 0000004 eae 49 Frame Length Limit 04 49 Cables and Distances between Devices 49 Sample Applications for the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 000002 eee ee 50 Important Management Considerations 54 4 Installation 55 Required Network Preparation Frame Length Limit 55 Installation Summary ee e ae a a aaa 02 eee ee 56 Unpacking Instruct
4. Terminal PC End Switch End Signal Name 25 Pin Male 9 Pin Female TXD 2 3 RXD 3 2 RTS 4 7 CTS 5 lt 8 DSR 6 6 GND 7 5 DCD 8 1 DTR 20 4 RI 22 9 Figure 23 TIA EIA 232 Null Modem Cable for the 25 pin Connector Use a null modem crossover cable shown in Figure 24 to connect the MANAGEMENT port to a terminal DTE with a 9 pin connector Alternatively you can use a modem cable and a null modem adapter DTR pin 4 and RTS pin 7 must be on or high on your terminal or in your terminal emulation program Terminal PC End Switch End Signal Name 9 Pin Male 9 Pin Female TXD 3 3 RXD 2 2 RTS 7 7 CTS 8 PE 8 DSR 6 6 GND 5 5 DCD 1 1 DTR 4 4 RI 9 9 Figure 24 TIA EIA 232 Null Modem Cable for the 9 pin Connector CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information 214 Twisted Pair Cable Pin Outs When connecting devices to the token ring ports on the switch you must use a straight through cable Diagrams of these cables follow Straight Through 100 Ohm 120 Ohm Cable The switch RJ 45 connector makes ground available on the shield and on pins 1 2 7 and 8 Shielded cables will provide continuity for ground to any shielded connector on the other end of the cable t Shield Shield ground ground SY wn an Bay 1 2 ground ground ground Green White White Green 6 7 8 1 2 l l l
5. A VLAN consists of a number of ports of a switch or stack of switches No frames are forwarded between ports belonging to different VLANs Logical rings on different VLANs may be assigned the same ring number but ring numbers must be unique within the same VLAN For each VLAN the stack can be assigned a separate IP address e The spanning tree protocol is executed independently within each VLAN However since all BRFs use the same Bridge ID for the spanning tree algorithm the spanning tree protocol will not function if ports from different BRFs within one switch are connected A sample VLAN with a CrossFire 8600 or a CrossFire 8605 is shown below VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Switch Figure 7 A Switch Configured with Two VLANs CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 27 Management SNMP The switch can be managed via a SNMP manager It supports ten Management Information Bases MIBs Six of the MIBs are standard MIBs which are defined by RFCs and are included with most SNMP management applications Four of the MIBs are proprietary and are provided on the disk that accompanies the switch SNMP management is supported via IP The following MIBs are supported Specification MIB RFC1213 MIB II RFC1493 Bridge MIB RFC1525 SR Bridge MIB RFC1573 Evolution of the Interfaces Group of MIB II RFC1757 1513 RMON MI
6. Ports The ports within that specific CrossLink Add Entry Prompts you to enter port numbers for each CrossLink Enter at least two ports but no more than eight ports from lowest number to highest separated by spaces All ports must belong to the same TrCRF Delete Entry Asks whether you want to remove the entry then deletes the selected CrossLink Change Entry Prompts you to reenter the port numbers in the selected CrossLink from lowest to highest separated by spaces Clear Table Deletes all CrossLinks CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 113 Setting up a CrossLink To add a CrossLink between two CrossFire 8600 series switches determine which ports to use for the CrossLink Use at least 2 ports The switch treats the port with the lowest number as the primary port For example if a CrossLink consists of ports 8 11 and 13 the primary port is 8 Broadcast multicast and unknown destination packets are forwarded to the primary port in a CrossLink The primary ports of both CrossLinks must be connected to each other For example if a CrossLink links ports 8 11 and 13 of one device and ports 3 6 and 9 of another device ports 8 and 3 must be connected to each other Observe the following precautions and use the following steps to set up a CrossLink Disable or disconnect the ports before creating or changing a CrossLink You must define the CrossLink for
7. 218 Ring Speed 100 or 120 Ohm 100 or 120 Ohm Category 4 Category 5 4 Mbps 350 m 1 148 ft 350 m 1 148 ft 16 Mbps 200 m 656 ft 200 m 656 ft 100 Mbps Not Supported 90 m 295 ft Table 30 Lobe Lengths for 100 or 120 Ohm Shielded or Unshielded Cable CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch The tables in this section specify the maximum supported lobe lengths for the fiber cables listed below Ring Speed 62 5 125 um 4 Mbps 2000 m 6560 ft 16 Mbps 2000 m 6560 ft 100 Mbps Not supported Table 31 Lobe Lengths for Recommended Fiber Cable Ring Speed 50 125 um 100 140 um Core Diameter 50 um 100 um Cladding Diameter 125 um 140 um Numerical Aperture NA 0 20 0 02 0 29 0 02 Table 32 Alternate Optical Fibers For alternate optical fibers see the second note in the next section CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information 219 Cable Length and Lobe Wiring Rules for Shared Media LAN Segments The types of cables that can be used in shared media segments half duplex are the same as those described above for dedicated media segments Note For CrossFire 8600 the acceptable cable lengths are defined by the hub or concentrator attached to the switch port but in general the distances are half of that stated in the tables above for dedicated media s
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9. IP Address Displays the current IP address of the selected TrBRF To change it highlight the field and press ENTER Default 192 0 2 1 Default Gateway Displays the current gateway address The default is the IP address of the gateway or router through which information must pass to get to the network management application Default 0 0 0 0 Subnet Mask Displays the current subnet mask Default 0 0 0 0 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 95 IP State Display the following choices by highlighting IP State and pressing ENTER IP Disabled BootP When Needed BootP Always Then highlight one of these choices and press ENTER The meaning of these values are as described below IP Disabled When a VLAN is IP disabled it will not process any IP or ARP packets it receives This means that no IP SNMP Ping Telnet or ARP Packets will be responded to when received Note Sending a Ping from an IP disabled VLAN or a VLAN whose IP address is 0 0 0 0 is not possible BootP When Needed In this state the switch will send out BootP requests in the VLAN until the IP address becomes different from 0 0 0 0 or 192 0 2 1 BootP When Needed is the factory set default A switch for which NVRAM is not initialized for instance a new switch out of the box or on a bootup after NVRAM is cleared or one whose NVRAM is corrupted and unreadable will always attempt to use B
10. In band management is a network management system that works through the network Olicom Switch Manager for HP OpenView for Windows Other Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP based applications Telnet sessions Out of band management is a direct console connection to create a console session for configuring and monitoring switches Network management applications in band management are beyond the scope of this guide See the Olicom Switch Manager for HP OpenView Guide to Operations or the documentation supplied with you network management application How to connect the serial console out of band management for configuring and monitoring the switch is described in this chapter Refer to the section Console Telnet Sessions on page 130 for information on configuring serial console and or telnet console sessions Connecting the Console The following steps explain connecting a serial terminal to the switch 1 Connect the switch to a PC or other DTE Data Terminal Equipment device using a straight 25 pin to 9 pin TIA EIA 232 cable commonly known as a RS 232 cable and a null modem adapter or a 9 pin to 9 pin cable See Appendix B for a description of the cables and adapters 2 Connect the TIA EIA 232 cable to the DB 9 MANAGEMENT connector on the front panel of the switch This male DB 9 connector on the switch is configured as a DTE device See Figure 20 to view the location of the cable connection
11. 202 Fax Support For assistance with any problem you may encounter when installing Olicom software and hardware products Olicom s Support department will reply either by fax or by telephone within 24 hours Monday to Friday Use one of the following fax numbers Europe 45 45 27 02 40 Denmark 48 58 346 1288 Poland USA 1 972 671 7524 Bulletin Board Service All Olicom s support services are available via our BBS software updates application notes quick fixes various utilities etc The Bulletin Board Service BBS can be contacted using either a standard modem or an ISDN modem Standard Modem Requirements Modem speed 2400 4800 7200 9600 12000 14400 28800 33600 bps Modem standard CCITT V21 V22 V22bis V32 V34 V42bis HST MNP5 Parity N none Databits 8 Stop bits 1 Transfer protocols Xmodem Ymodem Zmodem Kermit and Sealink Use one of the following numbers Europe 45 45 27 01 00 Denmark and create your own account USA 1 972 422 9835 ISDN Modem Use the following number Europe 45 45 96 32 48 Denmark CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Getting in Touch with Technical Support 203 Internet E Mail Olicom customer support is available on e mail through Internet You will receive a reply within 24 hours Use one of the following e mail addresses Europe support olicom dk USA support olicom com Anonymous Internet FTP Server A
12. Description Ports 1 to 20 CrossFire 8600 UTP STP Token Ring ports with RJ 45 jacks Ports 19 and 20 can attach to a MAU CAU RI RO port CrossFire 8605 Fiber Token Ring ports using VF 45 connectors All 20 fiber ports can attach to a MAU CAU RI RO port On CrossFire 8605 UTP STP connections are only available via the CrossFire 8610 Token Ring UEM MANAGEMENT Console connection with DB 9 connector RST Reset full system reset of software and hardware SYS REQ System Request initiates a set of system request menus on unlabeled the attached console If depressed for more than 5 seconds the switch will accept download of the main image from the serial port via the X modem protocol Table 17 Front Panel Connectors and Push Buttons CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation Status LEDs 67 LED State Meaning PWR Off The switch is not connected to a power outlet or the power supply is faulty On The switch is receiving power DIAG On The DIAG diagnostics LED is on during the power on self test During download of a new software image the DIAG LED blinks to indicate the clearing slow blink and reloading faster blink of FLASH memory ERR On The ERR LED is off during normal operation If the LED turns on an error has occurred Power the switch down and up again The ERR LED sho
13. Orange White White Orange Figure 25 Straight Through Cable 150 Ohm IBM STP Data Connector to RJ 45 Straight Through Cable RJ 45 IBM Cabling System Pins Data Connector Color Code ground ground lt 4 ground hield lt _______ gt Shield Figure 26 Data Connector to RJ 45 Straight Through Cable CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information 215 Cabling Recommendations The tables in this section contain the maximum supported lobe lengths The maximum lengths reflect the longest lengths supported by the transmission characteristics of IEEE 802 5 compliant adapters The recommended distances for the various cable types are set by North American and international commercial building wiring standards These standards state that standards compliant horizontal copper cabling shall not exceed 90 m 295 ft leaving 10 m 33 ft total for required patch cabling in both the office and telecommunications closet It is good practice to follow the cabling standards guidelines when installing building cabling to help ensure a longer useful life for your cabling infrastructure migration to new technologies and maximum flexibility for the network configuration Cable Type Impedance Types 1 and 1A 150 Ohm Types 2 and 2A 150 Ohm Type 8 150 Ohm Type 9 150 Ohm Type 3 100 Ohm Category 3 100 and 120 Ohm Category 4 100 and 120 Ohm Cate
14. Remote Address Entries Number of remote stations in the address table of the port Largest Number of Stations Highest number of stations active on this port at any time Address Chain Overflows Number of address table chain overflows Address Table Overflows Number of address tables overflows Frame Errors Total number of frames received or transmitted by from this port with an error CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 155 Receive Buffer Overflows Total number of frames received on this port which caused a buffer overflow Transmit Buffer Overflows Total number of frames which could not be transmitted from this port because of transmit buffer overflow Long Frames Total number of frames received on this port which exceeded the maximum frame length Short Frames Total number of frames received on this port which were less that 18 bytes Duplicate Ring Number Indicates the number of times a frame which contains a duplicate ring number in the RIF field has been seen by the port Invalid RIF RC Field Indicates the number of times a frame which contains an illegal Routing Control field has been seen by the port RIF Length Exceeded Indicates the number of times a frame which contains a RIF field which is too long has been seen by the port Explorer Overflow Indicates the number of times that an explorer frame has been dropped because of expl
15. This field is for assigning a name to the Token Ring port TrBRF This field is for informational purposes only and shows the parent TrBRF of the TrCRF that the port is assigned to TrCRF This field is for informational purposes only and shows the TrCRF that the port is assigned to Enabled Shows if the port is currently enabled via managing Possible values are Yes enabled or No disabled The default value is Yes CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 106 Status This field is for informational purposes only and shows if the port is currently inserted into the ring Media Type This field is for informational purposes only and shows the media type of the port Possible values are RJ 45 ST Fiber and VF 45 Media Speed The Token Ring media speed Possibilities are 4 or 16 Mbps or Auto When a switch port configured with Auto discovers a connection to shared media it will open and insert into the ring If the open returns with an indication that the port is the first station to enter the ring it will close This algorithm is analogue to that of auto sensing adapters which dictates that an adapter which is capable of speed adjustment must have some other station on the ring typically a server from which it can sense the network speed If you want to have switch ports which are attached to shared media it is recommended that you change the default media spee
16. this prevents the specified port from sending frames to a specified destination Allow destination address at specific ports this indicates that the specified port must send frames to the specified destinations only Force destination address to a specific port this allows forwarding to a unicast address that has not been learned It can also be used to limit the forwarding of Multicast addresses to a subset of ports This last filter applies to non source routing frames only Congestion Control At regular intervals the switch CPU inspects the queues on all output ports If a queue size is above a certain threshold the port is instructed to Set the transmit priority for low priority frames to a specified high level Delete old frames from the queue until it reaches a specified size When the queue size again comes below a normal threshold size the port is instructed to set the transmit priority back to the normal level Three Switching Modes Cut Through In this mode the switch starts forwarding the packet to the output port as soon as the destination address or the source route of the incoming packet has been resolved This technique ensures very low latency typically in the range of 30 100 us However if errors occur on the input port during the reception of a packet the error will still be forwarded to the output port Note that cut through can only be used in transmissions between ports which operate at 16
17. 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 191 Traps for CrossLinks oc8600TsCrossLinkFailed This trap is sent when one of the links in an CrossLink fail The variable oc8600TsCLPorts contains the ports which are operational in the CrossLink m CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 192 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 193 9 Monitoring Port Traffic The CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch allow you to configure a Switched Port Analyzer function for monitoring traffic on a port by defining a monitor port where an external probe can observe traffic from a selected monitored port The monitoring function does not interfere in any way with the normal traffic flow in the switch The external probe e g a protocol analyzer is not supplied with the switch You can monitor traffic going through a monitored port in two different ways Active Monitoring Data only monitoring you can select the monitored port and monitor port all data traffic received and transmitted on the monitored port is copied to the monitor port such that it can be received by an external probe The MAC frames are not copied to the monitor port Passive Monitoring All traffic monitoring data and MAC protocol makes a copy of all data and MAC frames received and transmitted on the m
18. 60 Hz AC current rating 1 5 A 120 V 0 75 A 220 V Thermal dissipation without modules CrossFire 8600 90 W CrossFire 8605 80 W MTBF CrossFire 8600 77 240 hours CrossFire 8605 40 342 hours Table 6 Specifications of Physical Characteristics CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications 14 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Specification Value Operating Temperature Non operating Temperature 10 to 40 C 50 to 104 F 10 to 70 C 13 to 158 F Humidity Operating 8 to 80 non condensing Non operating 90 45 C 113 F Electromagnetic emissions FCC Class A certification EN55022 Class A VCCI Class A Safety UL1950 CSA C22 2 No 950 EN60950 MANAGEMENT port TIA EJA 232 F DB9 male connector Software updates Flash PROM TFTP X modem Protocol compatibility Transparent to higher layer protocols Spanning Tree Protocol support IEEE 802 1D compliant IBM Spanning Tree MIBs supported SNMP MIB II RFC1213 SR Bridge MIB RFC1525 Bridge MIB RFC1493 Evolution of the Interfaces Group of MIB II RFC1573 RMON MIB TR extensions selected groups only RFC1757 1513 TEEE 802 5 MIB RFC1749 1748 IEEE 802 5r DTR MIB IEEE 802 5r DTR MAC MIB oc8600 unit MIB VTP MIB Table 6 Specifications of Physical Characte
19. 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 65 4 Verify that the power LED is on If not make sure the outlet is working properly If the outlet is working but the power LED and the fans are not on see Chapter 10 Troubleshooting 5 When the switch powers on observe the self test diagnostic that the unit runs for approximately 1 2 minutes The DIAG LED is on for the duration of the test turning off when the self test is complete 6 At the completion of the diagnostics the front panel LEDs should be illuminated according to the status of the unit s configuration See the following sections for a description of the controls and LEDs for the switch Note If the switch fails to power up correctly or if it encounters any unrecoverable error the ERR LED will be on or flashing on If the ERR LED is on or flashes see Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Caution If you are using the CrossFire 8311 redundant power supply unit note that this unit is not hot swappable Both the CrossFire 8311 unit and the switch must be off before connecting or disconnecting the DC power cable CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 66 Control Panels The following tables list and describe the connectors switches and status LEDs on the switch Front Panel Table 17 and Table 18 list the front panel controls on the switch Connectors and Push Buttons Name
20. 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 can be stacked together with switches from the CrossFire 8600 series in any desired combination All switches in a stack must however run the same software version Optional Redundant Power Supply The switch has an input for a backup power supply It is compatible with the CrossFire 8310 Redundant Power Supply Chassis which can supply backup power for up to six switches when up to six CrossFire 8311 Redundant Power Supply Units are installed in the chassis This gives a high degree of resilience to power supply failures The switch will start using the external power supply if the internal supply fails The switch monitors the power source and informs the network management system which supply is in use CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 31 The CrossFire 8300 Switch Stacker also accommodates an optional switch matrix 8301 which includes a redundant power supply ensuring the highest degree of resilience in the stack of switches D Caution The redundant power supply unit CrossFire 8311 is not hot swappable Both the CrossFire 8311 unit and the switch must be off before connecting or disconnecting the DC power cable CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 32 Benefits of the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 This section looks into the benefits that can be derived from the technical featur
21. 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information 212 Out of Band Management Port and Cable Pin Outs The switch s Out of Band Management OBM port labelled MANAGEMENT on the front panel is an TIA EIA 232 port wired as a DTE For this reason you cannot use a straight through modem cable to directly connect a terminal to the MANAGEMENT port For a terminal connection you can use either a null modem cable or a modem cable with a null modem adapter attached For a modem connection you can use a standard modem cable This section provides pin out information for the cables you can use to connect to the MANAGEMENT port Management Port Pin Out Pin Signal Name Shell CHS GND 3 TXD 2 RXD 7 RTS 8 CTS 6 DSR 5 SIG GND 1 DCD 4 DTR 9 RI Table 25 Pin out of the Management Port TIA EIA 232 Modem Cable Connections Use a standard straight through modem cable to connect the switch s MANAGEMENT port to a modem CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information TIA EIA 232 Null Modem Connections 213 Use a null modem crossover cable shown in Figure 23 to connect the MANAGEMENT port to a terminal DTE with a 25 pin connector Alternatively you can use a modem cable and a null modem adapter DTR pin 20 and RTS pin 4 must be on or high on your terminal or in your terminal emulation program
22. Administrated Address Universal Expansion Module Universal Expansion Slot Upstream Neighbour Address Unshielded Twisted Pair Virtual LAN Wide Area Network CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Abbreviations 210 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Abbreviations Appendix B Cable and Pin Information 211 This appendix provides information on cables that can be used with the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch It also provides minimum pin out information so that you can verify that the cables that you are using are correctly wired Connecting to the Out of Band Management Port Table 24 lists the type of cables that are used when connecting to the OBM port labelled MANAGEMENT on the front panel of the switch Cable Function Cable Type or Cable Solution Connect a modem to the Connect one end of a straight through MANAGEMENT port TIA EIA 232 modem cable to the MANAGEMENT port and the other end to the modem Connect a PC or other DTE Connect one end of a crossover TIA EIA device to the 232 cable to the MANAGEMENT port and MANAGEMENT port the other end to the PC or DTE device or attach a null modem adapter to the MANAGEMENT port Then attach a straight through modem cable to the null modem adapter Table 24 Connecting to the Management Port CrossFire 8600
23. ENTER key A new screen of information is presented if the item has three dots after it A function is performed if the item is a command such as a Reset CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 147 Statistics Menu The following describes the Statistics menu and its submenus Statistics Switch Statistics Port Status Port Statistics Address Tables Current Spanning Tree Information ULAN Statistics Diagnostic Test Results Message Log Information Display Summary Display the Main Menu The following list contains brief explanations of the menus for the Statistics screen More information on each of these menus their screens and submenus follows this list Switch Statistics Displays information about switch utilization page 148 Port Status Displays information about port status page 150 Port Statistics Displays information about a particular port page 152 Address Tables Port and system address tables page 165 Current Spanning Tree Information Displays current spanning tree port domain information page 172 VLAN Statistics Displays the VLAN Statistics menu page 178 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 148 Diagnostic Test Results Displays a screen showing results of Diagnostic tests and errors page 18
24. Firmware v2 3 Copyright 1996 1998 Initiating bootstrapping sequence Boot image integrity check Passed Control transferred to boot process Boot Firmware Phase II v2 3 Program memory test Passed Relocating main image to Main image integrity check succeeded Control transferred to main process Starting Power On Self Test Diagnostics CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Connecting a Network Management Console 73 Network memory test 32 bits Passed Network memory test 16 bits Passed Network memory test 8 bits Passed Port register and memory test 2 Passed Single port loopback test Passed All ports linked loopback test Passed Port MAC test Passed Completed Power On Self Test Diagnostics System Software Version 03 05 Copyright 1994 1998 System started on Tue November 10 1998 14 30 03 8 Megabytes System memory 2 Megabytes Network memory Initialization started File system initialized System temperature is within safe operating levels Checking file system integrity Warmboot initialization started LAN ports detected RJ 45 Token Ring 1234567891011 1213 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 StkPort 29 Initializing Ports 12345 678910111213 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 29 Initializing system address table System entering stand alone mode System
25. Lists the IP address and the port number of the Local Telnet session Status The status of the telnet session Possible values are Open the connection is active Closing the connection is going down and Exit the connection is closed CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 135 Starting the Telnet Session Observe the following when starting a Telnet session to the switch In the IP Information screen the IP State must be set to BootP When Needed or BootP Always for the IP stack and Telnet to work The Telnet must be pre configured to have a VT100 VT220 compatible setup Only one type of session is supported at any time either the console or Telnet session Starting a Telnet session before ending the console session causes the screen to display a Console is currently in use message There may be conflicts between Telnet sessions If one Telnet session is disrupted by the user at the console the Telnet session s configuration may not have been completed In some menus changes take effect immediately as in adding filters and in other menus such as STP the changes are not saved until the menu is exited Stopping the Telnet Session Telnet sessions can be terminated by pressing CTRL B or any other means available through the user s Telnet application Involuntary Termination of the Telnet Session The following can terminate a Telnet session A
26. Mbps Store and Forward In this mode the switch receives the total packet from the input port checks it for any errors and then starts forwarding the packet to the destination port This technique will ensure that no faulty packets are transmitted by output port The negative impact however is higher latency typically in the range of 40 2 000 us depending on the packet size Though slower than cut through mode this is still much faster that conventional bridges Auto Adaptive Cut Through This is a technique whereby the switch will automatically swap between store and forward and cut through modes based on an error threshold If the number of received faulty packets is low then cut through mode is used if the number of CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 24 faulty packets is high the store and forward mode is used This provides optimized performance but introduces variable latency Token Ring Port Operation Modes Each Token Ring port may operate in one of the following modes Half duplex concentrator port The port behaves like an active MAU port for classical Token Ring Connects to a single station in half duplex mode This is also known as Token Passing TKP port mode Half duplex station emulation The port is connected to a port on a MAU Connects to a classical Token Ring segment with multiple stations This is also known as Token Passing TKP stati
27. Parameters Selecting this item brings up the Port Spanning Tree Parameters screen Port Spanning Tree Parameters Screen Use the Port Spanning Tree Parameters screen to set up STP priorities for each port Port Spanning Tree Parameters Priority Path Cost STP Mode 128 62 auto 128 62 auto Change Return to previous menu Port The number of the port Priority Priority associated with the port The port with the lowest priority value has the highest priority and will forward the spanning tree frames The default is 728 The possible range is 0 through 255 decimal If all ports have the same priority value the lowest port number forwards the spanning tree frames Path Cost Cost associated with the port The spanning tree protocol uses port path costs to determine which port to select as a forwarding port Therefore lower numbers should be assigned to ports attached to faster media such as FDX or CrossLink and higher numbers should be assigned to ports attached to slower media The possible range is to 65 535 The default is 62 The recommended path cost is 1000 LAN speed in Mbps CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 104 STP Mode The port s spanning tree mode Possible values are forwarding blocked and auto If the TrCRF to which the port belongs is participating in the spanning tree protocol then auto is the default and the selected protocol will be used
28. Unit MTU of 17 800 bytes The default maximum physical frame length of the switch is 4 546 bytes which corresponds to an MTU of 4 472 bytes The actual MTU size of a VLAN is configured in the VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrBRF screen see page 92 The switch truncates frames larger than the configured maximum physical frame length and adds an abort sequence at the end Characteristically if frames are sent longer than the frame length limit the abort sequences will be reported as frame errors by other ring stations In a stack of switches all stacker link modules in the stack must support 18 192 byte frames 18 KB frames for any switch in the stack to support frames sizes longer than 4 546 bytes Additionally if you are using ATM uplinks all ATM uplinks in the switch and in the stack must support 18 KB frames for any switch in the stack to support frames sizes longer than 4 546 bytes To verify that your hardware supports 18 KB frames view the Module Information screen described on page 85 Stacker link modules and ATM uplinks that do not support 18 KB frames will have the text 4k displayed immediately after the hardware revision level For information on how to upgrade your stacker link modules or ATM uplinks that currently do not support 18 KB frames please contact your Olicom dealer or your local Olicom representative Note It is most important that you consider the impact of the frame length limit and make sure that t
29. a Troubleshooting Procedure 11 Getting in Touch with Technical Support Before You Contact Olicom Technical Support Hotline Support 2 22200 Fax SUPPOR 6 ete aa eh toe eect Poe ee ea eS Bulletin Board Service Standard Modem Requirements ISDN Modem 2 2 2 Internet E Mail 22 2 022220045 Anonymous Internet FTP Server Internet World Wide Web Server WWW Olicom SupportWEB Problem Report Form Appendix A Abbreviations Appendix B Cable and Pin Information Connecting to the Out of Band Management Port Out of Band Management Port and Cable Pin Outs Twisted Pair Cable Pin Outs Cabling Recommendations Cable Length and Lobe Wiring Rules for Dedicated Media LAN Segments 22004 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable Length and Lobe Wiring Rules for Shared Media LAN Segments 0000022 eee CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 List of Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 Figure 24 Figure 25 Figure 26 CrossFire 8600 Toke
30. address it learns the new source address and stores its location in coming port in the address table If the destination address is unknown it sends the packet to all ports that can receive data from the incoming port When the response packet comes back the switch will learn the responder s location and adds it to the address table Once the address table entries are created the switch uses these learned address to switch all subsequent packets to the port where the destination address is located The system address table maintains up to 10 000 entries and each port address table maintains 5 500 active Token Ring addresses each port address table is shared by four ports using the following 1 4 5 8 9 12 13 etc If an address has not been active for a configurable aging time it is removed from the tables This ensures that the port s address table is populated only by the most recently used address This capability allows users to transparently connect to high volume backbone networks CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 20 Multiple Bridging Modes The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 each supports four different switching modes to provide maximum flexibility in all installation environments The switching modes are Source Route Switching SRS Source Route Bridging SRB Source Route Transparent SRT and SRT SRB The switch operates on two levels BRF and CRF
31. address table but not in any port tables Such addresses will be removed from the master address table after the master aging time The addresses will be removed regardless of whether they have been seen within that time period This situation is not very likely but the function is a security against remaining unused addresses in the memory for an indefinite time Master Address Table Aging Aging Time 5 minutes Demand Aging Level 98 Return to previous menu The Master Address Table Aging screen contains two main items Aging Time Master table addresses will be discarded after reaching the set time limit The default setting for this parameter is 5 minutes The maximum time for this value is 9999 minutes A value of 0 will disable the removal of addresses based on age Demand Aging Level This parameter works in the same way as port demand aging level only using the system address table The default value is 90 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 129 Password Menu This menu is accessed from the Configuration menu Use the Password menu to add change or delete a password If you establish a password users must enter it to access the console menus If there is no password just press ENTER at the password prompt Password Set Password Delete Password Display the Configuration Menu Set Password Establishes or changes the password Delete Password Dele
32. after the next boot If a locally administered address is assigned to the switch this field displays that address Otherwise the field displays 000000 000000 To assign a locally administered address select this field and enter the new address Note that the switch occupies this the base MAC address and the next 96 addresses All usage of MAC Addresses in the switch is based upon one address This address is denoted the Switch Base address and can be either Burned in The factory CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 82 assigned Universal Administrated Address UAA or configured the Local Administrated Address LAA To configure a LAA address use the Switch Configuration screen from a console session or an SNMP based management tool Note that a restart is necessary when changing the base MAC address The greeting screen on the console will always show the current active Switch base Address The switch reserves 31 addresses for ports The Token Ring ports on a switch switch will be assigned MAC addresses using the following scheme BASE Module port 1 20 Will be assigned Switch Base Address port number LEFT UEM port 1 4 Will be assigned Switch Base Address 20 port number RIGHT UEM port 1 4 Will be assigned Switch Base Address 24 port number OR A Token Ring port will be assigned a MAC address which is Switch Base Address the port number displayed on t
33. are connected to the same network segment and there is no other bridge or switch the port with the lower ID is forwarding and the other is blocked CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 177 When the switch is booted all ports are blocked initially and then some of them change to a different state listening learning and forwarding in that order To see the change in states you must repeatedly exit from this menu and then select it again All ports that are going to change states from blocking to forwarding will have done so after two to three times the value of Switch Maximum Message Age 2 x Switch Forward Delay DCst Cost for a packet to travel from this port to the root in the current spanning tree configuration The slower the media the higher the cost Dsg Swld Brid Priority and MAC address of the device through which this port has determined it must communicate with the root of the spanning tree Dsg Pld Port on the designated bridge through which this switch will communicate with the root of the spanning tree This information is useful if the switch is the designated bridge on one or more network segments Chgs Number of topology changes that is the number of times the port has entered the forwarding state plus the number of times the port has made the transition from forwarding to blocking The counter is reset when the switch is reset or
34. at the greeting screen If no password is configured just press ENTER and the main menu is presented To establish a password see the section Password Menu later in this chapter To open the Password menu select Configuration in the main menu and then select Password in the Configuration menu For more explanation on the greeting screen see Chapter 5 Connecting a Network Management Console CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 77 Navigating within the Menus Use the arrow keys also referred to as cursor keys to highlight an item on the screen or menu Items that end with three dots opens another screen or menu Pressing the ENTER key on such an item will display the new screen or menu Ifthe item on the screen is a command such as Reset pressing the ENTER key will execute the command Unless specified differently all the screens and menus are accessed in the same way The following section describes the items on the main menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 78 Main Menu Olicom CrossFire OC 8666 Main Menu Statistics Download Upload Reset Exit Console Note Press lt CTRL gt lt P gt on any panel to return to this menu without saving changes Display the Configuration Menu Configuration Displays the Configuration menu which enables you to view and set the switch
35. configuration parameters A detailed explanation of the configuration submenus is given on page 79 Statistics Displays the Statistics menu for the switch Explanations of screens in the Statistics menu are in Chapter 7 Monitoring the Network with the Console on page 145 Download Upload Displays the Download Upload menu that is explained in this chapter immediately after the sections describing the Configuration menu See page 137 Reset Displays the Reset menu that is explained in this chapter after the sections describing the Download Upload menu See page 142 Exit Console Highlighting this command and pressing ENTER will return the console to the greeting screen on a Telnet session this will cause the session to close CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 79 Configuration Menu From the Configuration menu you can view and set the switch configuration parameters The following section describes the Configuration menu and its submenus The following menu is displayed when Configuration is selected from the main menu Configuration Switch Configuration Switched Port Analyzer Module Information CrossLink ULAN Configuration Filters amp Port Security IP Configuration Address Aging SNMP Configuration Password Spanning Tree Console Configuration Port Configuration Display the Main Menu The follo
36. devices such as PCs connected to a switch are unable to communicate with other devices in the network use the following steps to start the troubleshooting process 1 Locate the switch to which the device is connected Use the network sketch the label on the cable connected to the device or other network records to help you locate the switch 2 If you have an UEM and the problem is related to it use its documentation to assist in troubleshooting 3 If you have set up a console session see Chapter 5 Connecting a Network Management Console it can be used to determine whether diagnostics have been completed correctly A list of normal diagnostic messages is shown on page 72 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Troubleshooting 196 4 Observe the LEDs on the switch front panel Figure 3 on page 5 illustrates the LEDs For explanations of the LEDs see the section Status and Activity LEDs on page 8 Review this section before proceeding with the troubleshooting process 5 In Table 23 locate the symptom that best describes the communication problem and the LED pattern you observed Then go to the section that contains the recommended actions for resolving the problem and follow that procedure Choosing a Troubleshooting Procedure Use Table 23 to determine which troubleshooting procedure you should use For a description of the status LEDs and their meanings see Status and Activ
37. enabling management from any station VT100 management Allows out of band management from an external VT100 type terminal connected directly or via a modem Enables management of switches in remote locations Table 13 Management CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation Network Monitoring 39 Feature Function Benefit RMON support Support for Token Enables collection and analysis Ring specific remote of enhanced traffic monitoring management data Passive Port All traffic flowing on Eases the management task by Monitoring the monitored portis making it easy to collect copied to the Token Ring statistics with a monitoring port the special passive network monitoring portisa analyzer true copy of the monitored port Active Port All traffic switched Eases the management task by Monitoring to and from the making it easy to collect monitored port is also sent to the monitoring port the order and timing of frames on the monitoring port can be different network statistics and carry out protocol analysis Active monitoring respects the MAC protocol allowing the use of a standard network analyzer Built in port counters Many MAC layer error and frame forwarding counters are collected per port Provides a detailed picture of port traffic Table 14 Network Mo
38. grouped in CRF 5 If even better performance is needed the switch shown in Figure 12 can be replaced with a stack of switches A stack can provide up to 224 ports making it feasable to connect workstations directly to a switch port A direct connection provides a dedicated 32 Mbps for users with high bandwidth requirements Switch BRF GRF1 GRF2 CAFS ORF CRFe j CRF9 CAFS 1 2 83 Ko 8g 9g P on x i hs E of N J Pi S pe Sew Se So a Server Server Server Server Figure 12 Replacing SRBs with CrossFire 8600 or CrossFire 8605 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 54 Important Management Considerations A star wired topology see Figure 13 helps determine problems in a network because no single cable carries all of the traffic on the network However serial connections could reduce network reliability since each connecting cable and switch could potentially divide the network should a failure occur If you create parallel paths directly between switches be sure you have enabled spanning tree protocol the default setting for spanning tree protocol is no or disabled Parallel paths create endless loops that cause unsatisfactory network operation unless you configure the switch for spanning tree capability The spanning tree algorithm disconnects loops in networks using the transpare
39. in the order in which they are encountered There is a limit of 5 community strings Community string table entries are saved when you select Return Entries are preserved across resets and power cycles Index Sequential number of entries in the table CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 186 Community Name Name or password used to identify the SNMP managers Note Community names are case sensitive Mode The privilege level assigned to this name Read specifies that SNMP managers can only view SNMP information Read Write specifies that SNMP managers can both view and change SNMP information Add Entry Adds community string Delete Entry Deletes community string Change Entry Modifies community string and or access mode Clear Table Deletes all community strings CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 187 Trap Receivers Screen Trap receiver tables tell the switch where to send traps The table contains the IP address associated with an SNMP manager Trap Receivers Index IP Address Community Name More Add Entry Delete Entry Change Entry Clear Table Zoom Return to previous menu The Trap receiver table contains a maximum of 20 entries It is redisplayed each time the table changes Trap receiver table entries are saved when you select Return Entries are preserved across r
40. initialization complete Starting SNMP v1 v2c bilingual agent task Total MIB objects 1236 Enabling port 123 45 678910 1112 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 29 Press RETURN key to activate console Depending upon which tests have run verify that all diagnostics have passed and that the ERR LED is off If the ERR LED is on read the screen to determine which test failed See also Chapter 10 Troubleshooting to help find the cause At the end of the boot messages you should be prompted to press RETURN The following greeting screen of the switch Console Manager should appear CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Connecting a Network Management Console 74 Olicom CrossFire Token Ring Switch Manager c Copyright Olicom A S 1995 1998 All rights reserved MAC Address 660683 8DF746 System Description Olicom CrossFire 8665 HW Reu 661 SW Rev 63 65 System Contact System ID 1 3 6 1 4 1 285 9 14 Serial Number 8DF746 Type Password then press lt RETURN gt No password has been set press lt RETURN gt to continue To terminate TELNET connection now press lt CTRL gt lt B gt At the top level screen press the ENTER key also called RETURN to enter the main menu The contents of the main menu the submenus and screens are described in subsequent chapters The information in these chapters includes configuring monitoring and viewing statistics on the switch D Note If
41. means that bandwidth is effectively preserved Table 9 Switching Modes CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation Expansion Module Slots 35 Feature Function Benefit Four port RJ 45 UTP STP Gives the switch an additional 4 or 8 Token Ring UTP STP ports Enables gradual expansion of switch capacity Four port fiber ST Gives the switch an additional 4 or 8 Token Ring Fiber ports Enables installation in existing fiber RI RO connections and fiber cabling environments up to 2 km ATM155 uplink Gives the switch access to 1 or 2 ATM155 uplink connection s with LAN Emulation Enables smooth migration to ATM backbone networks and enables redundant ATM uplinks to be established Allows VLANs to be multiplexed between switches using ATM High Speed Token Ring HSTR Gives the switch additional 2 or 4 HSTR ports HSTR allows Token Ring operation at 100 Mbps and offers thus a 625 performance improvement over classic 16 Mbps Token Ring HSTR is by far the most cost effective and non disruptive method for performance upgrade of one existing Token Ring LAN Table 10 Expansion Module Slots CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 36 Multiple Bridging Modes Feature Function Benefit Transparent S
42. of the spanning tree network CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 173 Max Message Age Time at which the configuration message used by the spanning tree algorithm should be discarded This time is advertised by the root and used by all devices and switches in the active topology of the spanning tree network Forward Delay Time the root waits between transitions from listening to learning and from learning to forwarding This time is advertised by the root and used by all devices and switches in the active topology of the spanning tree network CRF VLAN ID of a TrCRF belonging to this TrBRF Pid Port ID that is used to determine the role of the port in the spanning tree The port ID is expressed in the form port priority port number PCst Cost associated with each port Lower numbers are generally assigned to ports attached to faster media such as FDX or CrossLinks and higher numbers are generally assigned to ports attached to slower media PSts Current status of this CRF within the spanning tree Possible values are DIS Disabled BLK Blocked LSN Listening LRN Learning FWD Forwarding The rules that define the state of the port are as follows e A CRF that does not connect to other switches or bridges is always forwarding When the switch is booted all CRFs are blocked initially and then some of them change to a dif
43. on the front panel of the switch CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Connecting a Network Management Console 70 STACK LINK oO TX RX ATTACH oO ep MANAGEMENT PWR DIAG ERR RST 4 5 C MANAGEMENT connector Figure 20 View of Console Connection the MANAGEMENT port The next step and table describe the settings to use for configuring a console in order to communicate with the switch 3 Use these values to set the configuration parameters on your console for interfacing to the switch Specification Value Baud Rate 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 Parity None Data bits 8 Stop bits 1 Handshaking None Terminal emulation VT100 Duplex Full Software flow control Off input and output XON XOFF Hardware flow Off control RTS CTS Autobaud upon break On Line wrap On Table 20 Console Configuration Settings CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Connecting a Network Management Console 71 Specification Value Screen scroll On CR translation CR Backspace BS Destructive translation Break length 350 milliseconds Enquiry ENQ Off EGA VGA true Off underline Terminal width 80 ANSI 7 or 8 bit 7 commands Microsoft Windows Disable the Use Function Arrow and terminal Ctrl Keys for Windows option located in emulation the T
44. per BRF CRF basis Therefore when you access VLAN specific switch configuration or management screens such as the Current Spanning Tree Information screen you will be prompted to specify the desired TrBRF for TrCRF Source Route Switching SRS This mode is used between ports comprising a Logical Ring SRS switching combines the normal transparent bridge function with the ability to forward frames based on source route information to locally attached source route bridges The switch does not otherwise act as a source route bridge For non source routed packets the switch decision is based upon destination MAC Addresses For source routed packets it is based on the source route information combined with the destination MAC address The switch learns MAC addresses and source routing route descriptors of Source Route Bridges attached to local switch ports Parallel paths are eliminated via the IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol Source Route Bridging SRB The BRF acts as a multiport Source Route Bridge between CRFs with the following characteristics Each Logical Ring has a different ring number Source Route Frames are forwarded between the Logical Rings by the Bridge Relay Function based on the route information field Non source route frames are not forwarded between logical rings The Bridge Relay Function has a single bridge number and multiple ring numbers one per Logical Ring SRS is used between the ports o
45. redundant paths because the two switch ports are connected to CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 25 the same segment Therefore the IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol STP must be enabled which will place one port in forward and the other in blocked mode If there is a break in the main ring the STP will place both ports in forward mode and all MACs on both segments will be relearned If a switch port has been configured to RI RO mode it will automatically sense whether the port has been connected to RI or RO of the MAU Note It is not possible to automatically verify whether an UTP STP port has been connected according to the configuration Any errors such as attaching port 19 or 20 to anormal MAU port when the CrossFire 8600 port has been configured for RI RO will cause a complete disruption of the ring to which the port is attached Therefore be careful when using the RI RO feature Transmission Priority Queues To address the needs of delay sensitive data such as multimedia the Token Ring ports of the switch have two transmit queues a high priority queue and a low priority queue The queue for a frame is determined by the value of the priority field in the frame control FC byte If FC priority is above a configurable level default 3 the frame is put into the high priority queue If an output port becomes congested you can dynamically configure the port to transmi
46. select Serial Link Configuration if you are accessing the configuration program via Telnet CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 131 Serial Link Configuration Screen Use the Serial Link Configuration screen to configure a switch when using a modem to create a console session Serial Link Configuration Hardware Flow Control Disabled Software Flow Control Disabled fAutobaud upon Break Disabled Console Baud Rate 57600 Return to previous menu Hardware Flow Control Enables or disables RTS CTS handshaking Default Disabled Software Flow Control Enables the XON and XOFF characters which are 11 and 13 hexadecimal respectively Default Disabled Autobaud Upon Break Indicates whether the baud rate is reset when a Break key sequence pressing ENTER rapidly for five seconds is sent or received The default is Disabled When set to enabled a baud rate change can be accomplished by changing the baud rate of the terminal emulator disconnecting and reconnecting the TIA EIA 232 cable and then pressing ENTER until a screen appears Console Baud Rate The baud rate of the TIA EIA 232 port Acceptable baud rates for the console are 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 57600 or Autobaud The default value for this parameter is 9600 Make sure that your terminal emulator baud rate matches the console baud rate you set CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N
47. supplied configuration information using the main configuration menus that information applies to VLAN default Virtual LANs affects other switch features in the following ways Spanning Tree Protocol STP If you are using STP in a certain domain you must supply STP information for that domain The STP software treats ports on other domains as nonexistent Domains do not affect port priorities and port costs You set these parameters using the STP Configuration menu that you select from the main Configuration menu SNMP trap tables Each domain appears to the network management system as a physically different Token Ring switch unit Certain MIB II objects and proprietary objects are domain sensitive while others are not For a list of domain sensitive objects see Chapter 7 Monitoring the Network with the Console IP You may give each domain an IP address subnet mask and gateway address definition CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 88 Address filters Domains have no effect on address filters For example suppose you create two domains one containing ports 1 8 and the other ports 9 16 If you add an address filter to ports 7 8 9 and 10 the filter will work properly even though it applies to ports in other domains CrossLink All ports in a single CrossLink must belong to the same CRF Therefore the console software prevents you from defining a
48. switch or understanding IP and TFTP protocols During this fairly short vulnerable period of time the diagnostic LED on the switch blinks to indicate the clearing slow blink and reloading faster blink of flash memory The screen also displays messages indicating these events CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 141 Remember Do not configure multiple TFTP servers to download code updates using TFTP to a single switch or to multiple domains Ifthe network broadcast traffic is 200 packets per second or more the TFTP request might not be initiated by the switch You must reset the switch and download a new image using the serial port download refer to the section Serial Link Download Screen on page 138 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 142 Reset Screen The Reset screen is accessed from the main menu The Reset screen as shown below displays the reset options available with the switch Reset Number of Resets Since Diagnostics Reset Switch With Diagnostics Reset Switch Without Diagnostics Reset Port Address Table Clear Non Volatile RAM Power On Diagnostics Enabled Return to previous menu Number of Resets Since Diagnostics Number of times the switch has been reset since the switch was powered on or ran power on diagnostics This is an informational heading the data cannot be changed This number i
49. textstring can be No Status OK or a short text string indicating an error Before an open is completed the field has the value 0x20000 No Status If no problems are detected this field will display 0x00000 OK Error conditions are indicated by Ox and a text string identifying the error The text see below may also be displayed In this case the error text is displayed further down on the screen Ring State The current port state with respect to entering or leaving the ring Possible values are Opened Closed Opening Closing Ring Open Status This field indicates the success or the reason for failure of the station s most recent attempt to enter the ring Possible values are No Open Lobe Failed Signal Loss Insertion Timeout Ring Failed Beaconing Duplicate MAC Address Request Failed Remove Received Open CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 160 Ring Speed Next Open Indicates the ring speed that will be attempted at the next open Possible values are Unknown 4 Mbps 16 Mbps Unknown can indicate that the port will attempt to auto insert into the ring Upstream Neighbor The MAC address of the upstream neighbor station in the ring Active Monitor Participate If this field has a value of Enabled then this port will participate in the active monitor selection process If the value is Disabled then it will not Functional Addr
50. that item for example selecting Yes or No or supplying a value a prompt appears on the screen In most cases new values are saved when you select Return The More item means there is more information than what is displayed on that screen Selecting More and pressing ENTER displays the next screen of information Port refers to the number of a specific port on a switch Index refers to the numerical order of a list To return to the main menu from any screen press CTRL P Note that any changes made to the screen you were in will not be saved when you do this To return to the greeting screen press CTRL B To refresh the console screen press CTRL L If you are administering switches in a stack many of the console screens will prompt for a box number Enter the number of the box you want to administer The VLAN term in connection with CRF is discussed on page 26 The terms Virtual LAN and domain are interchangeable The console automatically returns to the greeting screen after five minutes of inactivity Five minutes is the default value The time can be changed at the Console Configuration menu as explained later in this chapter To open the Console Configuration menu select Configuration in the main menu and then select Console Configuration in the Configuration menu For protection against inadvertent or unauthorized access to configuration screens you may establish a password that users must enter
51. the spanning tree is turned on Last Chg Time since the port last entered the forwarding state or made the transition from forwarding to blocking You cannot change any information on this screen To change the spanning tree parameters refer to the section Spanning Tree for TrBRF Screen on page 99 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 178 VLAN Statistics If you select VLAN Statistics you will be prompted for a VLAN type On selection of the VLAN type a screen will be displayed listing available VLANs and prompting for a selection Following your selection the TrCRF or TrBRF VLAN Statistics screen will be displayed VLAN Statistics Screen for TrCRF The TrCRF VLAN Statistics screen is shown below ULAN Statistics trerf default Parent ULAN trbrf default Currently Active Stations Largest Number of Stations Ports 25 26 Return to previous menu Parent VLAN The parent TrBRF Currently Active Stations Number of MAC addresses currently in the master address table that are recognized as ports belonging to this domain Largest Number of Stations Largest number of MAC addresses in the master address table since the last reset or power cycle that are recognized by ports belonging to this domain Ports List of ports that belong to this TrCRF CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network wi
52. the cable may also have a 9 pin D shell or 150 ohm Data Connector If the switch is rack mounted dress the switch end of the cables through a cable management bracket if one is present on your rack Label each end of the cables so that it will be easy to find the device if you have to troubleshoot a network problem Suggested information to place on the label includes the room location of the CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 62 5 device at the other end a unique cable identification number the MAC address of the connected device and the number of the port to which the cable is attached To continue installing the switch go to Applying Power on page 64 Endu 8 l 5 5 5 ve st Token Ring Ports Token Ring Cable lt To Port Port on Device Figure 17 Connecting Devices to Token Ring Ports Connecting Devices to the Token Ring Ports Using Building Wiring If you will use building wiring in the wall cables to connect the device to the switch perform the following steps 1 If you have a UEM connect it using the instructions in the documentation shipped with it and then return here Using the Switch Cabling Chart provided by your administra
53. the lobe data path The adapter will be closed and Ring State will signify this condition Removes The number of times the port has received a Remove Ring Station MAC frame request When this frame is received the port will enter the closed state Singles The number of times the port has sensed that it is the only station on the ring This will happen if the port is the first one up on a ring or if there is a hardware problem Frequency Errors The number of times the port has detected that the frequency of the incoming signal differs from the expected frequency by more than that specified by the IEEE 802 5 standard CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 159 802 5 State Information Screen This screen provides IEEE 802 5 state information Port 25 862 5 State Information Port is Forwarding Ring Status 6x 66666 0K Ring State Opened Ring Open Status Open Ring Speed Next Open Unknown Upstream Neighbor 666683 D 00243 Active Monitor Participate Disabled Functional Address C66666 6666608 Last Beacon Sent 6 Hr 8 Hin 6 Sec Return to previous menu Ring Status The current port status on the ring This could be used to diagnose fluctuating problems that can occur on token rings after a station has successfully been added to the ring This field has the general format Ox text string where is a hexadecimal error code value and
54. thumbscrews holding it in place See Figure 14 Use a screwdriver if the screws are too tight to be removed with your fingers Retain the plate and thumbscrews for use in the event that the UEM is ever removed Insert the card in the UES carefully fitting each side into the card rails and making sure that the connector on the card is seated in the connector at the back of the slot Secure the card with the two thumbscrews attached to it This is illustrated in the publication that was shipped with the UEM It may be necessary to download new microcode to the switch in order to use a specific UEM Refer to the instructions that came with your UEM package TOKEN RING SWITCH E a e a a Figure 14 Removing the Universal Expansion Slot Cover CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 59 Mounting the Chassis The switch can be mounted in a standard 19 inch rack or cabinet or can be mounted on any flat surface such as a tabletop The installation area should be near a power source and should have enough room around the front and back panels for cabling and access to controls Use the following procedures for the installation of the switch Warning Only trained and qualified personnel should be allowed to install or replace this equipment Rack or Cabinet Mounting If you install the equipment in a closed or multi unit rack observe the environmental guidelines from the previous chap
55. 0 Message Log Information Displays any messages recorded by the system page 181 Display Summary Dumps the most important switch configuration parameters to the console in a summary form which is suitable for capturing into an ASCII file This file will often be requested by the Olicom technical support personnel in case of troubleshooting page 182 Switch Statistics Screen The Switch Statistics screen shows statistics and information about stations connected to the switch Note References to frames in this menu refer to the frames that are handled by the CPU within the switch for example SNMP requests The Port Statistics screen described in a later section refers to frames handled by the ports on the switch Switch Statistics System Up Time 2 Hr 45 Min 5 Sec Board Temperature Normal 28 5 C Frames Transmitted 1123 Frame Transmit Errors 6 Frames Received 247717 Error Frames Received 6 Frames Lost 6 Pending Send Requests 6 Currently Active Stations 88 Largest Number of Stations 96 Maximum Address Table Chain 3 Address Table Full 8 Return to previous menu System Up Time Length of time since the last reset or power cycle CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 149 Board Temperature Indicates whether the switch is operating at normal or unacceptably high over 50 C 122 F temperatures The actual board temperature i
56. 0001641 Switch Configuration 91 VLAN Name ASCII name associated with the CRF Up to 32 characters are allowed Parent VLAN Parent to which the CRF belongs State Current state of the CRF Possible values are Operational and Suspended CRFs in operational state are functional CRFs in suspended state do not pass packets The default is operational Ring Number Logical ring number assigned to this CRF Possible hexadecimal values are auto and OX001 through OXFFF The default is auto meaning that the ring number will be learned If the ring number has been learned the learned ring number will be prefixed with A Note Forwarding of frames between CRFs in SRB mode is only possible if the CRFs know their ring numbers If you are running the switch in an environment without other bridges switches learning of ring numbers is not possible Hence manual configuration of ring numbers is required Bridging Mode Bridging mode for this CRF Possible values are SRB and SRT The default is SRB Max ARE Bridge Hop Count Maximum number of hops for all routes explorer ARE frames Possible values are through 3 The default is 7 Max STE Bridge Hop Count Maximum number of hops for spanning tree explorer STE frames Possible values are 7 through 3 The default is 7 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 92 VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrBRF Screen Use the VLAN Paramet
57. 117 Configure Port Security Mode Screen 119 View Port Filters Screen 2 04 120 Protocol Filters Menu 2 054 121 Protocol Class Assignment Screen 122 Port Filtering Attributes Screen 123 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 viii Address AQIN orra Giese Be Bose ae eo Oe ae a ge Address Aging Menu 2 Port Address Table Aging Screen Master Address Table Aging Screen PasswordMenu 2 05 22222205 Console Telnet Sessions 2 Console Configuration Menu Serial Link Configuration Screen Creating a Console Session UsingaModem Stopping the Console Session Telnet Configuration Screen Telnet Sessions Screen aoao Starting the Telnet Session Stopping the Telnet Session Involuntary Termination of the Telnet Session Download Upload Menu 22 Serial Link Download Screen TFTP Download Upload Screen Reset Screen eh eee ae ea A RE SR as 7 Monitoring the Network with the Console Navigating Within the Menus Statistics M NU jae ee a e Ae See cee eee ee Switch Statistics Screen 2 08 Port Status Screen 2 2 ee ee ee Port Statistics Menu 2 2 0 2 0
58. 143 Priority Threshold 107 Receive Buffer Overflows 155 Remote Address Entries 154 Remote Box Number s 85 RIF Length Exceeded 155 Ring Number 91 Ring Number Mismatch 155 Ring Open Status 159 Ring Speed Next Open 160 Ring State 159 Ring Status 159 RootCRF 172 RootID 172 175 Root Port 175 Send Authentication Traps 184 send ping 95 Set Password 129 Short Frames 155 Software Flow Control 131 SRF Frames Forwarded 153 Stack Connection 85 Stack State 85 Stack Time out 85 Station Access Protocol Response 163 Station Individual Address Count 163 Station Phantom Drive Support 163 Station Requested Access Protocol 163 STE Frames Forwarded 153 STP Cost 101 STP Mode TrBRF to TrCRF 101 STP Participation 99 STP Participation TrCRF to ports 102 STP Priority 101 Subnet Mask 94 Switch Forward Delay in Seconds 102 Switch Hello Time in Seconds 102 Switch Maximum Message Age in Seconds 102 Switch Priority 102 System Contact 83 System Description 81 System Location 83 System Name 83 System Up Time 148 TFTP Server Address 139 Time of Day 84 Transmit Buffer Overflows 155 Index index 8 Upstream Neighbor 160 VLANID 90 92 VLAN Name 91 92 Parent VLAN parameter 91 178 parts not serviceable 195 password deleting 129 setting 129 Password menu 129 path cost of port on Port Spanning Tree Parameters screen 103 Pending Send Requests parameter 149 performance 10 13 physical characte
59. 193 switches number of in stack 85 switching modes benefits 34 general principles 23 switching technology overview 2 Index System Contact parameter 83 System Description parameter 81 System Location parameter 83 System Name parameter 83 system request button on front panel 7 System Up Time parameter 148 T table mounting of switches 60 TCP IP 209 technical support 201 bulletin board service 202 e mail 203 fax 202 getting in touch with 201 hotline 201 web 203 web server 203 telephone numbers hotline 201 Telnet Configuration screen 133 Telnet session involuntary termination 135 starting 135 stopping 135 telnet session establishing 130 telnet sessions number allowed 133 Telnet Sessions screen 134 temperature of board 149 operating and non operating 14 Terminate All Active Telnet Sessions command 133 terminating a Telnet session 135 involuntarily of Telnet session 135 TFTP 209 general description 139 TFTP Download Upload screen 139 TFTP Server Address parameter 139 theory of switch operation 17 thermal dissipation 13 throughput per port 13 TIA 209 TIA EIA 232 null modem connections of MANAGEMENT port 213 Time of Day parameter 84 TKP 209 token errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 157 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 index 11 Token Probe port for port analysis 6 token ring port specifications 12 token ring ports benefits of operation modes 32 connecting devices to 61 con
60. 2 00 20s General Statistics Screen 802 5 Statistics Screen 0 2 08 802 5 State Information Screen 802 5 DTR MAC Information Menu TXI Information Screen 204 Station CPort Information Screen Address Tables Menu 20084 Master Address Table Screen Master Route Descriptor Table Screen VLAN Address Table screen VLAN Route Descriptor Table Screen Current Spanning Tree Information Screen Current Spanning Tree Information fora TrCRF Screen VLAN Statistics 0 0 2 04 VLAN Statistics Screen forTrCRF VLAN Statistics Screen for TrBRF CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Diagnostic Test Results Screen Message Log Information Screen Display Summary Screen 8 Monitoring the Network with SNMP SNMP Setup 0 0200 e eee IP Configuration Screen SNMP Configuration 2000 SNMP Configuration Screen Community Strings Screen Trap Receivers Screen List of Supported Traps from a Switch 9 Monitoring Port Traffic 10 Troubleshooting Obtaining Service Troubleshooting ina Network Start of Troubleshooting Process Choosing
61. 3 176 Forwarding Mode parameter 107 frame copied errors on the 802 5 Statistics screen 157 Frame Errors parameter 154 frame length limit 49 Frame Transmit Errors parameter 149 Frames Filtered Addr parameter 154 Frames Filtered DSAP parameter 154 Frames Forwarded parameter 153 Frames Lost parameter 149 Frames Processed parameter 154 Frames Received parameter 149 154 Index index 4 Frames Transmitted parameter 149 154 Frames Unknown parameter 154 frequency physical characteristics 13 frequency errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 158 front panel 5 connectors 66 controls 66 labels 7 MANAGEMENT port 211 push buttons 66 status LEDs 67 FSM 207 FTP 207 FTP server 203 full duplex concentrator port mode 24 full duplex station emulation port mode 24 Functional Address parameter 160 FWD 207 G General Statistics screen 153 general traps 188 greeting screen of console manager 74 H half duplex concentrator port mode 24 half duplex station emulation port mode 24 hard errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 158 Hardware Flow Control parameter 131 hardware revision level on Module Information screen 86 HDX 207 height of switch 13 Hello Time parameter 172 175 hotline support 201 telephone numbers 201 humidity specifications 14 IEEE 207 IEEE 802 1D 98 IEEE STP Uses Bridge Functional Address parameter 100 in band network management 69 inspecting the package contents 48 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Sw
62. 41 xi xii List of Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Table 11 Table 12 Table 13 Table 14 Table 15 Table 16 Table 17 Table 18 Table 19 Table 20 Table 21 Table 22 Table 23 Table 24 Table 25 Table 26 Table 27 Table 28 Table 29 Table 30 Table 31 Table 32 Status LEDs and Their Meanings 8 Stack link LEDs and Their Meanings 9 Port LEDs and Their Meanings 9 Capacity Specifications 12 Performance Specifications 13 Specifications of Physical Characteristics 13 Supported MIBs 2222245 27 Token Ring Port Operation Modes 32 Switching Modes 2 34 Expansion Module Slots 35 Multiple Bridging Modes 36 Spanning Tree Protocol 37 Management s g kaai p kalee npa Aa a 02020004 38 Network Monitoring a aa aaa a 39 FREG en a a a Ea he de ee E a aaia 40 Connectivity Options a oaoa a 41 Front Panel Connectors and Push Buttons 66 FrontPanelLEDs 67 Back Panel Switches and Connectors 68 Console Configuration Settings 70 Modem Settings p a ocka moa a Gra a d s enina d ai 132 Changing and Saving Switched Port Analyzer Settings 194 Symptom LED State and Recommended Procedure 196
63. 535 Default 32768 Bridge Hello Time in Seconds Enter a time between configuration messages when this switch is root The minimum value may not be less than 1 The maximum may not be more than the lower of 10 or Switch Maximum Message Age 2 1 The upper range limit that appears reflects the value currently selected for Switch Maximum Message Age Default 2 Bridge Maximum Message Age in Seconds Enter the maximum message age advertised when this switch is root The minimum value may not be less than the higher of 6 or 2 x Switch Hello Time 1 The maximum may not be more than the lower of 40 or 2 x Switch Forward Delay 1 The range limits that appear reflect the values currently selected for Switch Hello Time and Switch Forward Delay Default 20 Bridge Forward Delay in Seconds Enter the time the switch waits between transitions from listening to learning and from learning to forwarding The minimum may not be less than the larger of 4 or Switch Maximum Message Age 2 1 The maximum may not be higher than 30 The lower range limit that appears reflects the value currently selected for Switch Maximum Age Default 75 TrCRF amp Port Spanning Tree Parameters If you select the TrCRF amp Port Spanning Tree Parameters item you will be presented with a screen listing the TrCRFs that have the current TrBRF as parent From this screen you can select a TrCRF and modify the TrCRF and or port parameters as de
64. 600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 165 Address Tables Menu Use the Address Tables menu to select which address table statistics you want to view Address Tables Master Address Table Master Route Descriptor Table ULAN Address Table ULAN Route Descriptor Table Return to previous menu The following list contains brief explanations of the menus for the Address Tables menu More information on each of these menus their screens and submenus follows this list Master Address Table Displays a table of station addresses from all ports known to the switch page 166 Master Route Descriptor Table Displays the master route descriptor table for all ports known to the switch page 168 VLAN Address Table Displays the address table for all ports in a given CRF page 170 VLAN Route Descriptor Table Displays the route descriptor table for all ports in a given VLAN page 171 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 166 Master Address Table Screen The Master Address Table screen contains MAC addresses of all the ports known to the switch The table can contain up to 10 000 entries memory See a detailed description of MAC Adresses onpage 81 Address 606083 687DB9 666683 8DF746 666683 8DF766 666683 E346B4 666683 E346C6 666683 E34B40 8660143 6666606 8660778 62
65. 6266 C66666 666166 COOOFF FFFFFF More Type Known TR Port 17 Switch Base Address trbrf default Known TR Port Known TR Port Known TR Port STP Multicast STP Multicast STP Multicast Broadcast Search 7 17 17 Cisco IBM Master Address Table Ports Filtered 17 12345 17 18 19 12345 17 18 19 17 7 17 12 678 26 678 26 high lighted Trunks Bold 9 16 11 12 13 14 15 16 9 16 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 14 15 16 14 15 16 14 15 16 Return to previous menu Address MAC address of a node Type The Type column of the Master Address Table screen can contain the following types Switch Base Address The burned in or configured MAC Address of the switch box Present on all ports lt VLAN Name gt The MAC Address used by the IP Protocol Stack for the specified VLAN Present on all ports of that VLAN e Known lt port type gt Port lt nn gt CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 167 A known address on Port nn Port type TR The address is known at the specified token ring port The address will be present at port nn Port type STK The address is known at a port of another switch in the stack If the address has occurred as a destination address in incoming frames at other ports it will be present in these ports too Unknown The address is a unicast
66. 710001641 Switch Configuration 132 Creating a Console Session Using a Modem Use the Serial Link Configuration menu to configure the switch in order to communicate with a console via a modem Set your modem according to the table below Setting Value Echo Off Result codes Off Wait for connection 45 seconds Pause between calls 6 seconds Drop DTR between calls Yes Send CR between calls Yes Auto baud detect On Send init if CD high Yes Maximum dial attempts 999 Table 21 Modem Settings D Caution Some modems use slightly different names for the options It is important that your modem be configured correctly The settings shown in italics are particularly important If your modem is not configured correctly the connection may cause the switch to reset Start the console by pressing ENTER If a Telnet session is active press ENTER at the console to terminate the Telnet session and press ENTER again to start the console session Stopping the Console Session Pressing CTRL P returns the console session to the main menu and pressing CTRL B returns to the greeting menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 133 Telnet Configuration Screen The following screen describes Telnet configurations Telnet Configuration Number of Telnet Sessions Allowed Disallow new Telnet Session Terminate all Active Te
67. ACK LINK TX LED Port ACT LED Port INS LED RST button reset ERR LED DIAG LED PWR LED 20 Token Ring UTP STP ports MANAGEMENT port Out of Band Management Figure 3 Location of LEDs Switches and Connectors on CrossFire 8600 STACK LINK RX LED STACK LINK ATTACH LED 2 Expansion modules STACK LINK TX LED SysReq button TOKEN RING SW RX INS TX RK INS TK RX INS m o E act 4 Fas RST button reset MANAGEMENT port ERR LED Out of Band DIAG LED Management PWR LED 20 Token Ring Fiber ports Figure 4 Location of LEDs Switches and Connectors on CrossFire 8605 Out of Band Management OBM The 9 pin male Out of Band Management OBM port labelled MANAGEMENT functions as a DTE port This port enables attachment of a terminal either local or remote through a modem connection The terminal can be used to configure and monitor the switch The Out of Band Management port automatically detects the baud rate of the terminal to which it is attached CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications Token Ring Ports CrossFire 8600 Twenty shielded RJ 45 connectors for Token Ring connection Support for the IBM Cabling System via 150 ohm shielded twisted pair 150 ohm STP or 100 or 120 ohm unshielded twisted pair via Category 3 4 or 5 cables These ports allow half duplex HDX or full duplex FDX connections to ot
68. B TR extensions Only partial support RFC1749 1748 TEEE 802 5 MIB DTR MIB IEEE 802 5r MIB DTR MAC MIB IEEE 802 5r MIB Olicom CrossFire 8600 switch series Unit MIB Olicom Cisco VTP MIB Table 7 Supported MIBs Most user configurable variables will be supported in either the standard MIBs or the proprietary MIB Configuration settings such as port attributes and operational information such as address tables are fully accessible through SNMP Certain other settings such as passwords and console settings cannot be viewed or modified via SNMP for security reasons CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 28 Switch Manager for HP OpenView for Windows The Switch Manager is an application that runs under HP OpenView for Windows It provides an intuitive graphical user interface GUI that displays a chassis physical view and supports configuration performance monitoring and troubleshooting This application is included with the switch For information about Switch Manager on other platforms please contact your local Olicom sales representative Telnet Management and VT100 Management Console The Console Management function may be accessed out of band via the TIA EIA 232 F i e RS 232 port labelled MANAGEMENT or in band via Telnet IBM LAN Network Manager The switch does not support management by the IBM LAN Network Manager bu
69. C and have the appropriate safety approvals for the country in which the equipment will be installed D Caution Support the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch while you are installing the unit to avoid dropping it on the floor or any equipment beneath it in the rack The CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch unit and the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch unit each weighs approximately 8 8 kg 19 4 Ibs Caution To separate the switch from the power pull the power cord completely out from the socket The power socket must be easily accessible and located near the unit Warning All RJ 45 connectors must only be connected to safety extra low voltage SELV circuits like local area networking LAN Warning This product relies on the building s installation for short circuit overcurrent protection Ensure that a fuse or circuit breaker no larger than 120 VAC 15A U S 240 VAC 10A international is used on the phase conductors all current carrying conductors Warning A voltage mismatch can cause equipment damage and may pose a fire hazard If the voltage indicated on the label is different from the power outlet voltage do not connect the chassis to that receptacle Caution If you are using the redundant power supply unit CrossFire 8311 note that this unit is not hot swappable Both the CrossFire 8311 unit and the switch must be off before connecting or disconnecting t
70. Connecting to the Management Port 211 Pin out of the Management Port 212 Copper Cable Types nooo a 215 Multimode Optical Fiber Cable Types 215 Lobe Length for 150 Ohm Shielded Media 217 Lobe Lengths for 100 Ohm Shielded or Unshielded Cable 217 Lobe Lengths for 100 or 120 Ohm Shielded or Unshielded Cable 218 Lobe Lengths for Recommended Fiber Cable 218 Alternate Optical Fibers 218 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 xiii About this Manual This manual is intended for network technicians familiar with the installation and operation of networking equipment It contains all the information required to install and operate the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch Unless one of the switches is mentioned alone the information in this guide applies to both CrossFire 8600 and CrossFire 8605 The manual contains the following chapters and appendices Chapter 1 Overview and Specifications is an overview of Token Ring It explains how the switch is used in a Token Ring Included in the chapter is a list of features and specifications Chapter 2 Switch Theory of Operation explains how the switch improves network performance Chapter 3 Preparing for Installation deals with preparing for installation Chapter 4 Installation contains instru
71. CrossLink connection that includes ports in different CRFs It also prevents you from assigning the ports in an existing CrossLink to different CRFs VLAN Configuration Menu This menu is accessed by from the Configuration menu See the section VLAN Support on page 26 for a discussion of VLANs ULAN Configuration ULAN Configuration Local VLAN Port Configuration Return to previous menu More information on the various submenus follows these brief explanations VLAN Configuration Displays the VLAN Configuration menu which you use to define and administer BRFs and CRFs in the switch Local VLAN Port Configuration Displays the Local VLAN Port Configuration screen which you use to view and configure port assignments to CRFs CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 89 VLAN Configuration Screen Use the VLAN Configuration screen to define BRFs and CRFs for the switch The VLAN Configuration screen is shown below ULAN Configuration TrBRF TrCRF ID Brdg Rng My_BRF 166 166 6x 6F My CRF 161 Group 1 161 GxF 61 My CRF 162 Group 2 162 OxF 62 My BRF 266 200 6x 6F My CRF 263 Group 3 203 OxF 63 My CRF 264 group 4 264 6xF 64 trbrf default 1665 6x OF trerf default 1663 A 6x 62 More View Add Change Delete Return to previous menu TrBRF TrCRF ASCII name associated with the BRF or CRF For a CRF it is synonymous with the ELAN name on ATM LA
72. DOC 6951 1 2 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches Guide to Operations CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches Guide to Operations Trademarks GoCard and the Olicom clasped hands logo are registered trademarks of Olicom A S CellDriver ClearServer ClearSession ClearSight CrossFire LANscout PowerMACH RapidFire and RapidLAN are trademarks of Olicom A S ClearCare ClearPartner ClearStep and ExpertWatch are service marks of Olicom A S Olicom is a registered trademark Other brand and product names are trademarks registered trademarks service marks or registered service marks of their respective holders Copyrights Olicom A S reserves the right to modify the information given in this publication without prior notice The warranty terms and conditions applicable for your purchase of this equipment are given at the time of purchase Please consult your place of purchase for details Publication DOC 6951 v 1 2 Part Number 710001641 Copyright Olicom A S Denmark November 1998 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publisher FCC Compliance This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when
73. E 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol on the SRT logical rings to eliminate parallel paths with other SRT bridges The two resulting spanning trees are joined together The IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol is still used to eliminate parallel paths within each logical ring whether it is SRB or SRT The benefit of the SRT SRB mode is that it allows part of the network to be run in SRT mode to accommodate applications that do not support source routing while still supporting duplicate MAC addresses on a number of SRB ports for example for SNA gateway applications Filtering Filtering is important for a LAN switch Filters can be used to reduce broadcast traffic block certain protocols and provide security functions The switch provides filters for Destination or source MAC addresses Destination service access point DSAP Subnetwork Access Protocol SNAP type Each protocol filter can be applied on a per port basis for both input and output traffic This feature allows certain protocols to be blocked from certain ports For example filters can be established to allow only Systems Network Architecture SNA traffic to flow to ports with SNA gateways Source and destination MAC address filtering can be applied to all incoming frames The MAC address filters act in one of three ways CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 23 Block destination address at a specific port
74. Expansion Slots and Modules The switch contains two universal expansion slots see Figure 3 or Figure 4 that will accommodate optional field installable Universal Expansion Modules UEMs that provide additional connections Future UEMs will provide the following types of connections OC 8610 4 Port Token Ring UTP STP OC 8611 4 Port Token Ring Fiber OC 8320 ATM155 LANE Bridge UTP OC 8321 ATM155 LANE Bridge MMF OC 8650 High Speed Token Ring UTP OC 8651 High Speed Token Ring MMF Reset Button The switch has a recessed reset button labelled RST that is located on the front panel Pressing the reset button resets the hardware and software and clears all tables and memory including the address tables Pressing the reset button does not clear those values stored in non volatile random access memory NVRAM System Request Button This unlabelled recessed button is located on the front panel above the reset button Pressing the button causes the System Request menu to appear on the console device attached to the MANAGEMENT port Pressing the button for more than five seconds will initiate a modem download of the main image Note The system request button should be used only at the direction of service personnel The button is recessed to prevent accidental activation Labels The two labels in the right side of the front panel are The MAC Address Label The unique globally assigned base Base MAC Addre
75. NE ports ID Numeric ID Brdg Rng Bridge Ring numbers Ports Port numbers Return Returns to the previous menu More Scrolls or refreshes the display View Zooms in a VLAN CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 90 Add Prompts for a new ID and brings up the VLAN Parameter Configuration screen Change Prompts for a numeric ID of a BRF or CRF to change and brings up the VLAN Parameter Configuration screen Delete Lets you delete a BRF or CRF You cannot delete a BRF if there are CRFs assigned to it or a CRF if there are ports assigned to it Sort Sorts VLANs by Parent Child relationship or by VLAN ID VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrCRF Screen Use the VLAN Parameter Configuration screen to add or change a CRF Note that the trcrf default cannot be deleted Also the trcrf default cannot be assigned to other BRFs The CRF screen is shown below ULAN Parameter Configuration for TrCRF ULAN ID 1663 ULAN Name trerf default Parent ULAN trbrf default State Operational Ring Number A 6x5 68 Bridging Mode SRB Max ARE Bridge Hop Count 7 Max STE Bridge Hop Count 7 Return to previous menu The following information is displayed on this screen VLAN ID Numeric ID of the CRF Possible values are through 005 Values 002 through 1005 and 1 are reserved for the default CRFs and BRFs CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 71
76. NMP 183 setting up switch 55 Short Frames parameter 155 signal loss number of on 802 5 Statistics screen 158 site requirements 46 slots forexpansion 7 SMP 208 SNA 208 SNAP 208 SNMP 208 monitoring the network 183 setup 183 trap tables in VLAN configuration 87 SNMP configuration 184 SNMP Configuration screen 184 soft errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 157 Software Flow Control parameter 131 software updates physical specifications 14 Index index 10 solving problems 195 source route bridging mode principles 21 source route switching mode principles 21 source route transparent mode principles 21 SPAN 209 Spanning Tree for TrBRF screen 99 Spanning Tree for TrCRF screen 101 spanning tree mode of port 104 spanning tree protocol 97 benefits 37 general description 25 IEEE 802 1D 98 in VLAN configuration 87 participation of TrBRFin 99 specifications 14 specifications 10 aggregate switching rate 13 capacity 12 lookup table size 12 maximum aggregate frame rate 13 maximum frame rate per port 13 maximum number of logical rings 12 maximum number of VLANs 12 performance 13 physical characteristics 13 switch latency 13 throughput per port 13 SRB 209 SRF Frames Forwarded parameter 153 SRS 209 SRT 209 SRT value on the Port Filtering Attributes screen 123 SRT SRB mode principles 22 stack number of participating switches 84 number of switches in 85 Stack Configuration screen 84 Stack Connection parameter 85 Stack State par
77. Overflows parameter 155 Receive Congestion number on 802 5 Statistics screen 157 recommendations for cabling 215 for safety 43 recoveries of ring number of on 802 5 Statistics screen 158 redundant power supply unit 30 Remote Address Entries parameter 154 Remote Box Number s parameter 85 removes of ring station MAC frame number of on 802 5 Statistics screen 158 reports of parameters 182 requirements site for installation 46 reset button on front panel 7 Reset Port Address Table command 143 Reset screen 142 Reset Switch With Diagnostics command 142 Reset Switch Without Diagnostics command 142 resetting NVRAM guidelines 143 RI RO like connection 24 32 configuration 107 RIF Length Exceeded parameter 155 Ring Number Mismatch parameter 155 Ring Number parameter 91 Ring Open Status parameter 159 Ring Speed Next Open parameter 160 Ring State parameter 159 Index Ring Status parameter 159 RMON 208 RMON Support general description 28 Root CRF parameter 172 Root ID parameter 172 175 Root Port parameter 175 RS 208 rules remember before installation 49 S safety electricity 43 preventing electrostatic discharge damage 45 recommendations 43 specifications 14 43 scalability features 11 screen report 182 screens 802 5 State Information 159 805 2 Statistics 156 Community Strings 185 Configure Filters 117 Configure Port Security Mode 119 CrossLink Configuration 112 Current CrossLink Information 114 Current Spanning
78. Root trap as described in RFC1493 The newRoot trap indicates that the sending agent has become the new root of the spanning tree the trap is sent by a bridge soon after its election as the new root e g upon expiration of the Topology Change Timer immediately subsequent to its election oc8600TsTrCRFTopologyChange This trap is a TrCRF specific version of the topologyChange trap as described in RFC1493 A topologyChange trap is sent by a bridge when any of its configured ports transitions from the Learning state to the Forwarding state or from the Forwarding state to the Blocking state The trap is not sent if a newRoot trap is sent for the same transition oc8600TsTrBRF NewRoot This trap is a TrBRF specific version of the newRoot trap as described in RFC1493 The newRoot trap indicates that the sending agent has become the new root of the spanning tree the trap is sent by a bridge soon after its election as the new root e g upon expiration of the Topology Change Timer immediately subsequent to its election oc8600TsTrBRF TopologyChange This trap is a TrBRF specific version of the topologyChange trap as described in RFC1493 A topologyChange trap is sent by a bridge when any of its configured ports transitions from the Learning state to the Forwarding state or from the Forwarding state to the Blocking state The trap is not sent if a newRoot trap is sent for the same transition CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1
79. Screen above CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 172 Current Spanning Tree Information Screen Use the Current Spanning Tree Information screens to view a summary of all STP information for each port Information on this screen cannot be changed When the STP is turned off that is you have selected No for the Participate in Spanning Tree prompt at the Configuration menus this menu will only display the headers with no information below them When the switch is configured with CrossLink channels STP packets use the primary port of the CrossLink Current Spanning Tree Information My_BRF 166 Bridge ID 32768 606601478665 Hello Time 2 Root ID 32768 606601474267 Max Message Age 28 Root CRF 162 Forward Delay 15 CRF Pid PCst PSts DCst Dsg Swid Brid DsgPId Chgs Last Chg 181 248 31 62 FWD 62 32768 00900C1478605 240 31 2 6 28 19 102 240 47 62 FWD 6 32768 660601474267 6 47 8 6 25 12 More CRF Spanning Tree Return to previous menu Bridge ID Priority and MAC address of this bridge Root ID Priority and MAC address of the root bridge Root CRF The VLAN ID of the TrCRF that is closest to the root This switch communicates with the root through this TrCRF Hello Time Time in seconds that the root waits between sending configuration messages This time is advertised by the root and used by all devices and switches in the active topology
80. Telnet session can be terminated involuntarily by the console or by itself When the console is idle and Telnet is active a user at the console can terminate the Telnet session without warning When the Telnet sessions ends the Telnet session screen displays the message Your session has been terminated due to system maintenance work If any changes are made in the STP configuration The Telnet session also ends if a user makes changes in any of the following IP parameters IP address Default gateway Subnet mask IP state The Telnet session also times out if there has been no activity for 5 minutes CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 136 Note If you are in a Telnet session and change the IP parameters either in the IP Information Session screen or Virtual LAN IP Configuration screen and save the changes using the Exit command from the screen you will lose the connection to your Telnet session even if the IP parameters you change are in another VLAN CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 137 Download Upload Menu As enhancements are made to the switch you may need to update the software or microcode that is contained in the switch This chapter describes how to upgrade the switch flash memory Caution After downloading the new software you must reset the switch The switch is not operationa
81. Transmit Priority parameter 108 MMF 208 mode of port on the Local VLAN Port Configuration screen 93 model of module on Module Information screen 86 modem using to create a console session 132 modes of switching 23 Module Information screen 85 module number on Module Information screen 85 Monitor State parameter 162 monitoring port traffic 193 the network 145 the network with SNMP 183 mounting a switch on a table 60 the chassis 59 MTBF 13 MTU 208 MTU parameter 92 106 Multicast Frames Received parameter 154 Index index 6 multiple bridging modes benefits 36 principles 20 multiple simultaneous conversations 18 N navigating within console menus 77 network monitoring benefits 39 monitoring with SNMP 183 troubleshooting 195 network management physical specifications 15 network management console configuration of connection 70 connecting 69 main menu 78 navigationg within menus and screens 77 stopping 132 using to monitor the network 145 network monitoring 145 NMS 208 NNM 208 NSR 208 NSR Frames Forwarded parameter 153 Number of Boxes parameter 84 number of ports on Module Information screen 86 Number of Resets Since Diagnostics parameter 142 number of switches participating in stack 84 Number of Telnet Sessions Allowed parameter 133 NVRAM clearing 143 O OBM 208 opening the switch not allowed 43 operating principles of the switches 17 Operation Mode parameter 107 operation modes of por
82. Tree Information 172 Current Spanning Tree Information for a TrCRF 175 Diagnostic Test Results 180 Display Summary 182 General Statistics 153 IP Configuration 94 Local VLAN Port Configuration 93 Master Address Table 166 Master Route Descriptor Table 168 Message Log Information 181 Module Information 85 navigating 77 Port Address Table Aging 127 Port Configuration 105 Port Filtering Attributes 123 Port Spanning Tree Parameters 103 Port Status 150 Protocol Class Assignment 122 Reset 142 Serial Link Configuration 131 Serial Link Download 138 SNMP Configuration 184 Spanning Tree forTrBRF 99 Spanning Tree forTrCRF 101 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 index 9 Stack Configuration 84 Station CPort Information 163 Switch Configuration 81 Switched Port Analyzer 193 Swtich Statistics 148 Telnet Configuration 133 Telnet Sessions 134 TFTP Download Upload 139 Trap Receivers 187 TXI Information 161 View Port Filters 120 VLAN Address Table 170 VLAN Configuration 89 VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrBRF 92 VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrCRF 90 VLAN Route Descriptor Table 171 VLAN Statistics for TrBRF 179 VLAN Statistics for TrCRF 178 self test screens 72 Send Authentication Traps parameter 184 Send PING parameter 95 Serial Link Configuration screen 131 Serial Link Download screen 138 serviceable parts 195 Set Password parameter 129 setting password 129 setting up a CrossLink 113 S
83. a selected percentage level and continues to cycle in the same manner Random remote addresses Sequential remote addresses sequentially aged from the top of the Address Aging table to the bottom of the table Random local addresses Sequential local addresses More information on address aging and the address aging screens is presented in the following sections CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 126 Address Aging Menu The Address Aging menu is accessed by selecting the Address Aging item in the Configuration menu Address Aging Port Address Table Aging Master Address Table Aging Display the Configuration Menu The following describes the submenus for the Address Aging menu Port Address Table Aging Highlighting this selection and pressing ENTER will display the Port Address Table Aging screen Use this screen is to set each port on the switch to the aging time in minutes and to the demand aging level percentage you want Master Address Table Aging This item opens a screen that shows the Master Aging Time and Demand Aging Level An example of that selection is shown after the Port Address Table Aging screen The following displays a view of the Port and Master Address Table Aging screens and describes the information within them CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 127 Port A
84. a single unit providing scalability simplified management and enhanced performance CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 18 Multiple Simultaneous Conversations A limitation of Token Ring is that it supports only one packet at a time The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 improve data throughput by supporting multiple simultaneous full duplex conversations By using High Speed bus switching technology the switch creates multiple data paths These switched connections between Token Ring segments last only for the duration of a byte transmission New connections are made on the fly between different ports on the switch for the next byte Cro sFire 8600 Switch j Figure 5 Multiple Conversations Through a CrossFire 8600 or CrossFire 8605 Switch For example as shown in Figure 5 while host A is transmitting a byte to host B the switch connects only the lines from A to B since there is no need to send packets to all other ports At the same time a second switching circuit can connect host C to host D The result Two packets are sent simultaneously D Note The switch transmits broadcast and multicast packets on several switch ports simultaneously The increase in throughput is directly proportional to the number of physical token rings that are interconnected through the switch A switch with 20 ports interconnected provides up to ten con
85. accessing at installation 46 mounting 59 checking the installation 63 class of port on the Port Filtering Attributes screen 123 on the Protocol Class Assignment screen 122 Clear Non Volatile RAM command 143 clearing NVRAM guidelines 143 clock parameter 84 Common Access Protocol Mask parameter 164 Common Policy Flags parameter 164 communication problems between switch and devices 195 connecting toaconsole 71 Community Name parameter 186 187 Community Strings screen 185 Config Loss parameter 155 Config Loss Reason parameter 155 configuration console connection 70 of switch 75 of switched port analyzer port 193 SNMP 184 VLAN 87 Configuration menu 79 Configure Filters screen 117 Configure Port Security Mode screen 119 Configured MAC Address parameter 81 congestion control general principles 23 connecting a network management console 69 devices to token ring ports 61 devices using building wiring 62 connectivity options benefits 41 connectors on back panel 68 on front panel 5 console CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 connecting 69 connection 70 mainmenu 78 navigating within menu and screens 77 using to monitor the network 145 Console Baud Rate parameter 131 Console Configuration menu 130 console connection configuration 70 console session creating usingamodem 132 establishing 130 stopping 132 console telnet sessions 130 control panels 66 conversations multiple simultaneous 18 cooling and a
86. address and has occurred as a destination address in incoming frames at one or more ports The switch has however not yet learned the location of the address because the station has not sent any response frames Multicast The address is a group address or a functional address and has occurred as a destination address in incoming frames at one or more ports STP Multicast The group address used as a destination address in IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol frames Present on all ports STP Multicast Cisco The group address used as a destination address in Cisco Spanning Tree Protocol frames Present on all ports STP Multicast IBM The functional address used as a destination address in IBM Spanning Tree Protocol frames Present on all ports Broadcast One of the token ring broadcast addresses Present on all ports STP Port lt nn gt The MAC Address of port nn CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 168 Ports The ports whose address tables include this MAC address filtered ports are highlighted More Refreshes a one page table or displays subsequent entries on a larger table Search Prompts you to enter the MAC address of a node and the ports whose address tables you want to search then displays the ports whose address tables contain the MAC address Master Route Descriptor Table Screen T
87. after inspection you should keep all of the components in the original shipping containers and store them in a physically and environmentally safe place When you are ready to begin the installation please refer to the next chapter Chapter 4 Installation for important instructions and directions CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 49 Rules to Remember This section will help you understand the physical configuration restrictions for the switch In brief you must remember the following rules when planning to install the switch 18 192 byte maximum physical frame length For shared media LAN segments acceptable distances are defined by the hub or concentrator attached to the switch port Straight through cables for all ports Ifyou create parallel paths directly between switches be sure that you have enabled the spanning tree protcol see Spanning Tree for TrBRF Screen on page 99 The default setting for the spanning tree protocol is disabled The spanning tree protocol will not function between different BRFs within one switch The following paragraphs provide greater detail about the physical restrictions Frame Length Limit The switch supports a maximum physical frame length of 18 192 bytes This corresponds to a Maximum Transfer Unit MTU of 17 800 bytes The default maximum physical frame length of the switch is 4 546 bytes whi
88. age More Shows the next screen Back Shows the previous screen if any Start End Move to the first or last page CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 182 Clear Clear all messages Display Summary Screen To view the most important switch configuration parameters to the console in a summary form select Display Summary on the Statistics menu The information is suitable for capturing into an ASCII file by means of a capture function in the terminal emulation program used This file will often be requested by the Olicom technical support personnel in case of troubleshooting Dumping configuration to screen Press SPACE to continue ESC to cancel SPACE Pressing the SPACE key you will start a screen report of all entered parameters which runs through the display until you stop it or the bottom is reached Press any key to return to the menu ESC Pressing ESC you cancel and return to previous menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 183 8 Monitoring the Network with SNMP This chapter explains how to monitor the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch from a network management system using an application that supports Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP The following topics are described in this chapter SNMP se
89. al Statistics Displays general statistics for the selected port page 153 802 5 Statistics Displays 802 5 statistics for the selected port page 156 802 5 State Information Displays 802 5 state information for the selected port page 159 802 5 DTR MAC Information Displays 802 5 DTR MAC information for the selected port page 160 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 153 General Statistics Screen Use the General Statistics screen to view detailed information about a particular port Port 25 General Statistics Port is Forwarding Meooooooooocoo Frames Forwarded 464702 Largest Number of Stations NSR Frames Forwarded 6 Address Chain Overflows SRF Frames Forwarded 1123 Address Table Overflows STE Frames Forwarded 352961 Frame Errors ARE Frames Forwarded 116678 Receive Buffer Overflows MAC Frames Forwarded 6 Transmit Buffer Overflows Frames Processed 341613 Long Frames Frames Unknown 33 Short Frames Frames Transmitted 2262 Duplicate Ring Number Frames Received 465059 Invalid RIF RC Field Broadcast Frames Received 346676 RIF Length Exceeded Multicast Frames Received 21157 Explorer Overflow Frames Filtered Addr 3 Ring Number Mismatch Frames Filtered DSAP 6 Config Loss Local Address Entries 2 Config Loss Reason Remote Address Entries 9 Last Reset 5 Hr 1 Min 56 Sec Reset z gt Return to previous menu Frames For
90. ally which mode to operate in Makes installation easier and faster Automatic media speed detection 4 or 16 Mbps Enables the switch to detect automatically the speed of individual ports Makes installation easier and faster Congestion control The size of each port s output queue is monitored In case of congestion the queue size is adjusted through frame priority adjustment and frame purging Minimizes the effect of congestion on output ports Table 8 Token Ring Port Operation Modes CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 34 Three Switching Modes Feature Function Benefit Cut Through Switches with minimum and constant latency approximately 35 us Lowest possible switch latency which means optimal response time for end users Store and Forward Each packet is forwarded only after the entire packet has been received by the switch This is used for data transfer between LAN segments of different speeds or for LAN segments with a high error rate Does not propagate errors to other segments Auto Adaptive Cut Through Cut through switching that checks for error packets If a port s errors exceed a user defined threshold then the port switches to store and forward Same speed as cut through switching but with built in adaptation to errors which
91. ameter 85 Stack Time out parameter 85 stackable architecture general description 30 stacking general description 30 starting the Telnet session 135 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Station Access Protocol Response parameter 163 Station Individual Address Count parameter 163 Station Phantom Drive Support parameter 163 Station Requested Access Protocol parameter 163 Station CPort Information screen 163 Statistics menu 147 statistics of VLAN 178 Status field on Port Configuration screen 106 status LEDs 8 on front panel 67 status of ports 150 STE 209 STE Frames Forwarded parameter 153 stopping a Telnet session 135 stopping the console session 132 store and forward switching mode general description 23 STP 209 STP Cost parameter 101 STP Mode TrBRF to TrCRF parameter 101 STP Mode of port on Port Spanning Tree Parameters screen 104 STP Participation TrCRF to ports parameter 102 STP Participation parameter 99 STP Priority parameter 101 Subnet Mask parameter 94 support 201 supported MIBs 14 supported traps 188 switch configuration 75 general guidelines 76 Switch Configuration screen 81 switch dimensions 13 Switch Forward Delay in Seconds parameter 102 Switch Hello Time in Seconds parameter 102 switch latency 13 Switch Maximum Message Age in Seconds parameter 102 Switch Priority parameter 102 Switch Statistics screen 148 switch theory of operation 17 Switched Port Analyzer screen
92. an FCS error in the frame Burst Errors This counter is incremented when a station detects the absence of transitions for five half bit timers burst five error CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 157 AC Errors Number of times a station received an Active Monitor Present AMP frame or a Standby Monitor Present SMP frame in which both the address recognized A bit and the frame copied C bit are set to 0 indicating that no station has recognized the destination address and copied the frame and then receives another SMP frame in which both the address recognized bit and the frame copied bit are set to 0 without first receiving an AMP frame This condition indicates a station that cannot set the address recognized and the frame copied bits properly Abort Transmit Errors This counter is incremented when a station transmits an abort delimiter while transmitting Internal Errors This counter is incremented when a station recognizes an internal error Lost Frame Errors This counter is incremented when a station is transmitting and its TRR timer expires This condition denotes a condition where a transmitting station in strip mode does not receive the trailer of the frame before the TRR timer goes off Receive Congestion This counter is incremented when a station recognizes a frame addressed to its specific address but has no available buffer space indicati
93. are a cost effective means of providing dedicated bandwidth to individual desktop workstations In this application the switch replaces a hub providing excellent hub like network management statistics Total network capacity and throughput increase dramatically for attached desktop workstations CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications Switch of Floors and Buildings For network managers multistorey buildings and campuses can represent a unique networking challenge How can a network manager provide an efficient LAN interconnect for users that are located on several floors of a building or in different buildings Token Ring switching and the CrossFire product family can provide the best solution The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 provide enhanced throughput to local wiring closets that can be connected to a switch located in the data center Many networks consist of users located in different buildings of a campus environment The switches can be used as a collapsed backbone interconnecting multiple buildings of a campus They can provide the connectivity solution and enhanced throughput that such campus environments require Switch of Routers Router technology has had a significant impact on the design of today s internetworks Routers have become the cornerstone of most production networks Although well equipped to provide firewall WAN connectivity security and conne
94. as outlined below BRF 1 Switch Figure 6 Typical Configuration with Switches Using Multiple Bridging Modes The switch bridging modes are founded on the concept of Logical Rings This Logical Ring concept is equivalent to the DTR IEEE 802 5r standard s Concentrator Relay Function CRF Each port on the switch belongs to a Logical Ring CRF which is a logical grouping of ports within the switch A Logical Ring can consist of any number of ports within a switch or a switch stack The ports within a Logical Ring do not have to be adjacent The Logical Rings are assigned a ring number when the switch performs source routing functions The bridging is performed through the logical entity of the Bridge Relay Function BRF The Logical Ring LR communicates via a logical virtual port with the Bridge Relay Function which functions as a multiport virtual bridge between the Logical Rings The switch can support up to 63 logical rings CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 21 There are two levels of relay functions supported by the switch The first level is the TrCRF Token Ring Concentrator Relay Function to which the ports are assigned The second level is the TrBRF Token Ring Bridge Relay Function This is the parent relay function to which TrCRFs are assigned The switch maintains certain configuration information and management statistics on a
95. atistics Table The Token Ring Promiscuous Statistics Table The History Group The History Control Table The Token Ring MAC Layer History Table The Token Ring Promiscuous History Table The following groups defined in the RFC 1513 Token Ring Extensions MIB are supported in the switch The Token Ring Ring Station Group RingStationControl Table does not support sets only gets Ring Station Table is not supported The Token Ring Ring Station Order Group You can use an external RMON probe for full RMON support D Note Remember to enable RMON Statistics on the SNMP Configuration menu Note Access to RMON data is available only via an SNMP management application that supports RFC 1757 and RFC 1513 You cannot access RMON via the console interface of the switch Built in Port Counters The switch supports a wide range of port counters which enables you to obtain a detailed overview of the port traffic The counters give a comprehensive overview in the areas of MAC Layer Counters MAC Layer Error Counters Frame Forwarding Counters CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 30 Stackable Architecture The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 switch can be stacked using the CrossFire 8630 Stacker Link module the CrossFire 8635 Internal Stacker module or the CrossFire 8300 Switch Stacker for connecting up to eight switches in a
96. ble screen 166 on Configure Filters screen 117 MAC Frames Forwarded parameter 153 main menu of console 78 management benefits 38 considerations before installation 54 features 11 via IBM LAN Network Manager 28 via SNMP general description 27 via switch manager for HP OpenView for Windows 28 via telnet and VT100 28 MANAGEMENT port _ 5 69 70 211 cable pin outs 212 TIA EIA 232 null model connection 213 Master Address Table Aging screen 128 Master Address Table screen 166 Master Route Descriptor Table screen 168 MAU 208 Max ARE Bridge Hop Count parameter 91 Max Explorer Rate on Input parameter 106 Max Message Age parameter 173 176 Max STE Bridge Hop Count parameter 91 maximum frame rate per port 13 number of VLANs 12 physical frame length 49 transfer unit MTU of the BRF 92 Maximum Address Table Chain parameter 149 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 index 5 Maximum Transfer Unit MTU parameter 106 Mbps 208 Mean Time Between Failure MTBF 13 Media Speed parameter 106 Media Type parameter 106 menus 81 802 5 DTR MAC Information 160 Address Aging 126 Address Tables 165 Configuration 79 Console Configuration 130 CrossLink 111 Download Upload 137 Filters amp Port Security 116 IP Configuration 183 main menu 78 navigating 77 Password 129 Port Statistics 152 Protocol Filters 121 Statistics 147 VLAN Configuration 88 Message Log Information screen 181 MIB 208 MIBs supported 14 Min
97. both connected CrossFire 8600 series switches before physically connecting their linked ports Do not connect the cables before configuring the switches if you do you may create loops Cable only the ports you have added to the CrossLink menu If you connect additional ports between two CrossFire 8600 series switches a loop results 1 Disconnect the ports you want to add to the CrossLink or disable them using the Port Configuration menu 2 For each CrossFire 8600 series switch select the CrossLink Configuration menu then choose Add Entry from the menu bar at the bottom of the screen Enter the ports for the first CrossLink separated by spaces Choose Return A reset is not required Repeat steps 1 through 4 for the other CrossFire 8600 series switches Oy NS te Set the Address Aging Time to the same value for the CrossFire 8600 series devices 7 Ifyou disconnected the ports in the CrossLink reconnect them If you disabled them using the Port Configuration menu use the menu to re enable them CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 114 Current CrossLink Information Screen Use the Current CrossLink Information screen from the CrossLink menu to display the status of the CrossLink Current CrossLink Information CrossLink State Ports 1 up 16 11 12 2 up 14 15 16 17 Return to previous menu CrossLink The number of the CrossLink referring to the information di
98. bps CrossFire 8600 32 Mbps Server Server Tra fe Te Si f 4 6 Bee p p SRB SRB SRB SRB SRB SRB 4 2 3 Ca 38 D N y J J g J Figure 11 Relieving the Overstressed Backbone CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 53 The Next Step Typically the first point of congestion in this newly configured network would be the servers Because the usual mode of operation for a Token Ring adapter is half duplex the servers can either send or receive information with one other segment attached to the switch If the server adapters are replaced with full duplex adapters such as the Olicom OC 3118 or the Olicom OC 3137 and are attached as single station segments as shown in Figure 11 they can send and receive data simultaneously The capacity of each server is now 32 Mbps per port However network congestion is not always at the backbone level In Figure 12 the two MAUs and six bridges have been replaced by a single switch Internally the switch is configured with one BRF and seven CRFs allowing the switch to replace the MAUs and bridges without the need for further reconfiguration This configuration greatly improves performance by allowing switching directly from ring to ring The four servers each with a full duplex connection to the switch have been
99. c addresses to send to that port Selecting the Configure Port Security Mode item at the Filter amp Port Security screen presents a screen with the Configure Port Security table on it as shown below There are four address security choices Normal No security mode is defined for a port This is the default Secure source addresses Block all source addresses except those allowed by a configured filter Secure destination addresses Block all destination addresses except those allowed by a configured filter Secure both source and destination addresses Block all source and destination addresses except those allowed or forced by a configured filter Configure Port Security Mode Security Mode Normal Normal Normal Secure destination addresses Secure source addresses Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal More Change Return to previous menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 120 View Port Filters Screen This screen is accessed from the Filters and Port Security menu The following screen displays an example of a port using the MAC address filters and port security Port 4 View Port Filters Index MAC Address Description 1 606683 66123D This address cannot be reached from this port More Port 4 Security Mode Secure destination addresses Return to previous menu Index Numerical order of en
100. ch corresponds to an MTU of 4 472 bytes Please read section Required Network Preparation Frame Length Limit on page 55 before you start the installation This section contains more detailed information on the frame length limits Cables and Distances between Devices The CrossFire 8600 supports attachment to 100 ohm and 120 ohm twisted pair UTP or STP and 150 ohm STP as defined in the EIA TIA 568A and ISO IEC 11801 1995 On CrossFire 8605 a UTP STP connection is only supported via the CrossFire 8610 Token Ring UEM The CrossFire 8605 supports 50 125 um and 62 5 125 um fiber cables with a VF 45 connector Fiber cable lenghts up to 2000 meters are supported See Appendix B Cable and Pin Information for specific information on supported cable types cable lengths and connector pinouts CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 50 Sample Applications for the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 The CrossFire 8600 and or the CrossFire 8605 switch allows you to make incremental changes in your network to address both immediate and long range performance challenges For example a Token Ring LAN of 80 stations including 4 servers might experience performance problems as a result of increased traffic As it is currently structured the LAN looks like the one in Figure 8
101. cify one Ethertype in its 4 digit hexadecimal format for each of the classes 1 through 8 You cannot specify an Ethertype for protocol classes 9 through 15 DSAPs List of the DSAPs that you want to filter You can specify up to 16 DSAPs in their hexadecimal format separated by spaces CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 123 Port Filtering Attributes Screen Before entering the Port Filtering Attributes screen you will be prompted for a port to modify Port Filtering Attributes Port 9 Block SRT Ethertype DSAPs 61 None Yes None None 62 None Yes None None 63 None Yes None None 64 None Yes None None 65 None Yes None None 66 None Yes None None 67 None Yes None None 68 None Yes None None 69 None Yes None None 16 None Yes None None 11 None yes None None 12 None yes None None 13 None yes None None 14 None yes None None 15 None yes None None Return to previous menu Class For the selected port use the Class column to select a class to modify Block The Block column may have the following values All Block all frames in this protocol class SR Block all source routed frames in this protocol class NSR Block all non source routed frames in this protocol class None Allow all frames in this protocol class default value SRT The SRT column may have the following values Yes Allow transparent bridging for frames in this protoco
102. cord must meet CEE 22 requirements 2b The cord must be UL listed CSA labelled and consist of three conductors with a maximum of 15 feet in length Type SVT or SJT cord sets shall be used for units which stand on a desk or table Type SJT cord sets shall be used for units which stand on floor 2c The male plug for units operating at 115 VAC shall consist of a parallel blade grounding type attachment plug rated 15 A 125 VAC The male plug for units operating at 230 VAC shall consist of a tandem blade grounding type attachment plug rated 15 A 250 VAC The male plug for units operating at 230 VAC outside of the United States and Canada shall consist of a grounding type attachment plug rated 15 A 250 VAC and have the appropriate safety approvals for the country in which the equipment will be installed D Caution Support the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch while you are installing the unit to avoid dropping it on the floor or any equipment beneath it in the rack The CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch unit and the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch unit each weighs approximately 8 8 kg 19 4 lbs Warning All RJ45 connectors must only be connected to safety extra low voltage SELV circuits like local area networking LAN CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Table of Contents 1 Overvie
103. ction between dissimilar LANs routers are unable to provide high throughput between desktop devices and servers Because of these limitations routers and switches perform complimentary functions in the network The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 can be used as a front end to routers to increase performance in each subnet Communication between local clients and servers is enhanced at the workgroup level below the router The switches can also be used to back end routers In networks were many routers are interconnected over Token Ring and backbone performance is not acceptable the switches provide non blocking communication between the routers for enhanced network performance This provides protocol transparency with enhanced throughput in each subnet between local servers and desktops thus allowing network managers to build logical networks as large as network layer protocol and broadcast traffic allow The SwitchProbe Switched Port Analyzer also gives a collapsed backbone network superior network management and the ability to perform protocol analysis from a single location The SwitchProbe Switch Port Analyzer provides the latest technology for monitoring switch based networks and helps to reduce the cost of managing these networks CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications Physical Characteristics STACK LINK ATTACH LED 2 Expansion modules SysReq button STACK LINK RX LED ST
104. ctions for installing connecting and verifying the operation of the switch Chapter 5 Connecting a Network Management Console explains how to set up a console connection for in band or out of band switch management Chapter 6 Switch Configuration deals with setting up and configuring the switch using a direct console connection Chapter 7 Monitoring the Network with the Console explains how to monitor the switch using out of band management through a direct console connection Chapter 8 Monitoring the Network with SNMP explains how to monitor the switch from a Network Management System using an application that supports Simple Network Management Protocol Chapter 9 Monitoring Port Traffic explains how to monitor ports on the switch using SwitchProbe Chapter 10 Troubleshooting gives troubleshooting hints that can be used to locate and resolve minor problems Chapter 11 Getting in Touch with Technical Support lists Olicom s support services such as hotline support fax support and the support web as well as other services such as bulletin board service FTP server and e mail Appendix A Abbreviations lists the abbreviations used in this manual CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Xiv Appendix B Cable and Pin Information lists cables and cable types that can be used with CrossFire Token Ring equipment m CrossFire 8600 8605 To
105. ctly Verify that only one cable interconnects the two devices In other words only one switch port should be connected to a port on the concentrator D Note If a switch port is configured to speed auto sense mode and is connected to shared media where there are no active stations the port will not open until another station becomes active and sets the ring speed If necessary this can be avoided by configuring the port to fixed speed mode 6 For each device that is having a communication problem connect its segment to another token ring port on the switch Try each of the remaining ports to determine whether the problem will go away Ifthe problem goes away the problem might be in the switch Contact your place of purchase Ifthe problem persists continue with step 7 7 The problem does not appear to be in the switch and the cables and devices connected to the switch The problem might be in the network applications or other software running on the devices See the software documentation for software problem determination procedures or consult your network administrator for assistance CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Troubleshooting 200 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Troubleshooting 201 11 Getting in Touch with Technical Support If support is not provided by your organization or the local vendor you can at any time relay informat
106. current paths With ten simultaneous CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 19 conversations the switch creates 160 Mbps throughput in half duplex mode or 320 Mbps throughput in full duplex mode A single segment can be dedicated to a single host or shared by several To optimize throughput high speed servers can be given dedicated switch ports By transporting multiple Token Ring packets simultaneously it boosts overall network throughput Low Latency When operating in cut through mode the switch minimizes latency the time it takes to forward a packet from one Token Ring segment to another by beginning switching immediately after looking at the first six bytes of the destination address in the packet If the packet needs to be switched to another LAN segment its data begins flowing through the destination port before the entire packet has been received The result packets can appear at the output port 35 microseconds after entering the input port Network devices that use store and forward technology introduce much longer delays because they wait to receive the entire packet before forwarding it By minimizing delay the switch can move more packets freely throughout the LAN without degrading performance Address Management At power up the system address tables do not contain any information Whenever a switch receives a packet with an unknown source or destination
107. d configuration from Auto to either 76 or 4 Mbps Max Explorer Rate on Input The maximum Explorer frame forwarding rate per second Possible values are Disabled default or 0 5000 MTU The Maximum Transfer Unit is the size of the information field of packets to be sent or received Possible values are 7 500 and 4 472 default 8 144 and 17 800 The actual value used depends also on the value configured for the TrBRF the smaller value is used These values correspond to maximum frame size values of 1 548 4 546 default 9 236 and 178 192 respectively Note See the description on frame length limit on page 55 Force AC Bits on SR Frames This field specifies if AC bits will be set unconditionally when a port forwards certain LLC frames Possible values are Yes and No default Early Token Release Whether the port is enabled for Early Token Release ETR Possible values are Yes and No The default is Yes If Early Token Release is set to Yes and the media speed is 4 Mbps the switch will force Early Token Release to No CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 107 Operation Mode The port operation mode Possible values are as follows Auto default Only HDX and FDX modes can be automatically detected HDX port HDX station FDX port FDX station RIRO on CrossFire 8600 only on ports 19 and 20 and on fiber expansion modules on CrossFire 8605 o
108. d or modified without the express approval of Olicom A S the user may void his or her authority to operate the equipment Safety Notices Danger To avoid shock hazard do not connect or disconnect any cables or perform installation maintenance or reconfiguring of the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch during an electrical storm Danger To avoid the possibility of electrical shock switch power off and unplug the power cord from the outlet before detaching the power cord from the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch Danger Do not open the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch Dangerous voltages inside D Danger To avoid shock hazard the power cord must be connected to a properly wired and earthed receptacle Any equipment to which the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch will be attached must also be connected to properly wired and earthed receptacles Caution Observe the following power cable considerations before you begin installation of the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch l The socket outlet shall be installed near the equipment and shall be easily accessible 2 To prevent electrical shock the power cord set used must comply with national regulations 2a The female receptacle of the
109. d the CrossFire 8605 can forward Token Ring frames among multiple shared or dedicated Token Ring LAN segments Using a frame forwarding technique similar to that of a multiport Token Ring transparent bridge the switch uses Token Ring MAC addresses to forward Token Ring frames from any of its ports to any other Switch of Switches The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 can be deployed in a variety of network configurations all of which provide a significant increase in network performance The series of Olicom Token Ring products allows users to build network systems that can transport data efficiently and scale upwards as throughput requirements increase The switches deliver high reliability and media flexibility These features combine to allow the switches to be used as a switch of switches which provides media flexibility in an Token Ring configuration CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 can easily connect with other CrossFire products to deliver a broad range of network carrying capacity Bandwidth is easily scaled to meet all performance requirements Switch of Servers With client server applications many client workstations may attempt to access a single server at the same time This traffic pattern may create bottlenecks at the server To further enhance performance the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 can deliver dedica
110. ddress Table Aging Screen Port Address Table Aging Aging Time min Demand Aging Level 98 98 98 98 98 96 98 98 Change Return to previous menu The following is an explanation of the information in the Port Address Table Aging screen Port The port to which you want to assign an aging time Aging Time min A valid port aging time associated with the port Addresses will be discarded after reaching the set time limit The default setting for this parameter is 5 minutes The maximum time for this value is 9999 minutes 0 indicates that address aging is disabled Demand Aging Level Sets a percentage threshold of address table capacity to ensure that the port s address table is populated only by the most frequently used addresses Addresses are stored until reaching the maximum capacity of the table then discarded in a specific order until the set percentage of table capacity is reached If the table fills again the aging process continues to cycle in the same manner The default value is 90 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 128 Master Address Table Aging Screen Master Address Table Aging is the aging value of a set time in minutes and a set percentage level after which unused addresses are removed from its table Note If a port address table does not hold enough space for all the needed addresses some addresses may be present in the master
111. devices and switches in the active topology of the spanning tree network CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 176 Max Message Age Time at which the configuration message used by the spanning tree algorithm should be discarded This time is advertised by the root and used by all devices and switches in the active topology of the spanning tree network Forward Delay Time the root waits between transitions from listening to learning and from learning to forwarding This time is advertised by the root and used by all devices and switches in the active topology of the spanning tree network Port Port number Pld Port ID that is used to determine the role of the port in the spanning tree The port ID is expressed in the form port priority port number PCst Cost associated with each port Lower numbers are generally assigned to ports attached to faster media such as FDX or CrossLink and higher numbers are generally assigned to ports attached to slower media such as 2400 baud modem links PSts Current status of this port within the spanning tree Possible values are DIS Disabled BLK Blocked LSN Listening LRN Learning FWD Forwarding DWN Down The rules that define the state of the port are as follows A port on a network segment that contains no other switch or bridge is always forwarding If two ports of the switch
112. dividual port properties select Port Spanning Tree Parameters Switch Hello Time in Seconds Time the switch waits before sending the next configuration message when this CRF is the root in STP The default is 2 The minimum value is 7 The maximum value is the lower of 10 or Switch Maximum Message Age 2 1 The valid range for this parameter is displayed when you select Switch Hello Time Switch Maximum Message Age in Seconds Maximum message age used when this CRF is the root in STP This parameter sets the time at which the configuration message used by the spanning tree algorithm should be discarded The default is 20 The minimum value is the higher of 6 or Switch Hello Time x 2 1 The maximum cannot be more than the lower of 40 or Switch Forward Delay x 2 1 The range limits that appear when you select this parameter are calculated using the values currently selected for Switch Hello Time and Switch Forward Delay Switch Forward Delay in Seconds The time the switch waits between transitions from listening to learning and from learning to forwarding The default is 75 The minimum is the larger of 4 or Switch Maximum Message Age 2 1 The maximum is 30 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 103 The lower range limit that appears when you select this parameter reflects the value currently selected for Switch Maximum Age Port Spanning Tree
113. e hexadecimal values are 0 through F The default is F Local VLAN Port Configuration Screen The Local VLAN Port Configuration screen is used to view and edit current port assignments to CRFs Local ULAN Port Configuration Port Mode TrCRF TrBRF 9 Static c161 b166 10 Static c161 b166 11 Static c161 b166 12 Static c261 b266 25 Static trerf default trbrf default 26 Static trerf default trbrf default 27 Static c101 b166 28 Static c2601 b266 Change Return to previous menu Port The port number Mode VLAN mode of the port Possible values are Static and Trunk TrCRF CRF to which the port is currently assigned By default all ports are assigned to trerf default TrBRF Parent BRF of the CRF to which the port is currently assigned The default is trbrf default CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 94 IP Configuration Screen To view or change IP information associated with a BRF such as the IP address subnet mask or IP state or to send PINGs select IP Configuration from the Configuration menu and select the TrBRF The IP Configuration screen is displayed IP Configuration trbrf default Interface MAC Address 666683 E261A8 IP Address 172 16 216 222 Default Gateway 172 16 166 6 Subnet Mask 255 255 0 0 IP State BootP When Needed Send PING Display the Configuration Menu Interface MAC Address Displays the MAC address assigned to this BRF
114. e menus Statistics menu Switch statistics Port status Port statistics Address tables Current spanning tree information VLAN statistics Diagnostic Test Results Message Log Information The information presented on the statistics screens in this chapter is typically used for monitoring purposes only This information is usually the result of input data from the configuration menus see Chapter 6 Switch Configuration The specifications presented on the statistic screens normally can not be modified Information within the statistics menus are updated screens are refreshed every 5 seconds The next section explains how to access the statistics menus and the following sections describe the information and submenus of the statistics menu Note The switch allows LAN Network Manager LLC frames to flow through the switch Therefore communication between LAN Network Manager and existing source route bridges and controlled access units is maintained However some error reporting functions and ring map functions might be lost for the rings attached to the switch CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 146 Navigating Within the Menus Unless specified differently all the screens or menus are accessed in the following way use the ARROW keys also referred to as cursor keys to highlight the available selections and then press the
115. e status LEDs indicate a failure go to Procedure B Ifthe problem persists check all the configuration parameters Ifthe problem has still not been resolved go to Procedure D and try to get individual ports working CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Troubleshooting 198 Procedure D Use this procedure if one device connected to the switch is having a communication problem The ERR LED and the DIAG LEDs are off and other attached devices can communicate through the switch 1 Check the port LEDs Ifthe port INSRT LED is on the problem is probably external to the switch Go to Step 2 Ifthe port INSRT LED is off the port is probably disabled Check that the port configuration matches the attached device and then go to Step 3 2 Ifthe INSRT LED on the failing port is on and the attached device still cannot communicate If the attached device is directly connected it might be set up incorrectly Go to step 4 Ina shared environment check the segment cabling and the media access unit Tf problem persists try another identically configured port on the switch If the new port works there is a problem with the failed port Obtain service Contact your place of purchase 3 Do the following Using the console of the SNMP manager check to see whether the failing port is disabled If it is enable it A port will disable itself when the Cfg Loss Thres
116. e to find the MAC address of other TrBRF but it is always in the range below Stack Master Base Address 32 lt TrBRF MAC Address lt Stack Master Base Address 95 And a TrBRF VLAN MAC address is assigned when the VLAN becomes preferred i e it has an assigned port in the actual switch or stack of switches by selecting the lowest available MAC address above Stack Master Base Address 32 If management SNMP or TELNET contact with the switch is lost e g because ports are moved from one TrBRF to another it is suggested that a terminal is connected to the OBM port of the switch stack and the IP Configuration menu is entered From here it is possible to read the MAC address of the management entity TrBRF Address Format Display format used for MAC addresses canonical or non canonical Canonical format is typically used in Ethernet networks and is also known as least significant bit first Non canonical is typically used in Token Ring networks and is also known as most significant bit first System Name Any name you choose to assign to the switch on a TCP IP network it could be the IP hostname System Location Physical location of the switch System Contact Person to contact if questions should arise DRAM Installed Amount in MB of dynamic memory installed Information in this field cannot be changed Flash Memory Installed Amount in KB of flash memory installed Information in this field cannot be cha
117. een 178 VLAN support general description 26 W WAN 209 warnings iii web technical support 203 web server technical support 203 weight of switch 13 width of switch 13 www Olicom web site 203 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Index Olicom A S Nybrovej 114 2800 Lyngby Denmark Olicom Inc 1680 North Prospect Drive Richardson TX 75081 USA Tel 45 45 27 00 00 Tel 1 972 907 4600 Fax 45 45 27010 Olicom Africa 6th Floor Nedbank House 2 Fredman Drive Sandown Gauteng 2196 South Africa el 27 11 784 8990 Fax 27 11 784 9090 Olicom Australia Level 14 213 Miller Street North Sydney NSW 2060 el 61 0 2 9955 1755 Fax 61 0 2 9955 8488 Olicom Austria Mariahilfer Strasse 103 2 1 42a 060 Vienna el 443 1 597 3131 0 Fax 43 1 597 3131 31 Olicom Benelux Bolduc Office Centre Utopialaan 35 N 5232 CD s Hertogenbosch el 431 73 6 49 15 46 Fax 31 73 6 49 15 45 Olicom France mmeuble Plein Quest 77 Avenue G Clemenceau 92024 Nanterre cedex el 33 0 1 41 91 17 17 Fax 33 0 1 41 91 17 00 Olicom Germany Hessengring 13a 64546 M rfelden el 49 0 6 105 2892 0 Fax 49 0 6 105 2892 10 Olicom Ib rica C Basauri 17 2 Drcha A Edificio Valrealty A La FLorida 28023 Madrid el 34 1 372 9814 Fax 34 1 372 9645 Olicom Italy Via Rasori 13 20145 Milano el 39 2 4800 3661 Fax
118. egments Note For CrossFire 8605 the acceptable alternate fiber cable lengths are defined by the hub or concentrator attached to the switch port Usually the maximum fiber length of 2000 m can be supported m CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information 220 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information Index Numerics 802 5 DTR MAC Information menu 160 802 5 State Information screen 159 802 5 Statistics screen 156 A abbreviations 207 abort transmit errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 157 about this manual xiii AC current rating 13 AC errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 157 acronyms 207 Active Monitor Participate parameter 160 activity LEDs 8 address aging general information 125 Address Aging menu 126 Address Chain Overflows parameter 154 address filtering general description 115 address filters in VLAN configuration 88 Address Format parameter 83 address management principles 19 Address Table Full parameter 149 Address Table Overflows parameter 154 Address Tables menu 165 advanced switch features 10 aggregate switching rate 13 aging time on Port Address Table Aging screen 127 Aging Time parameter 128 AMP 207 appendixes 207 211 applications of the switches 50 applying power 64 ARE 207 ARE Frames Forwarded parameter 153 ARP 207 ATM 207 Authorized Function Classes parameter 161 auto switching mode general descri
119. en working on equipment powered by electricity Danger Do not open the switch Dangerous voltages inside Danger To avoid shock hazard the power cord must be connected to a properly wired and earthed receptacle Any equipment to which the switch will be attached must also be connected to properly wired and earthed receptacles Warning Before working on equipment that is connected to power lines remove jewelry including rings necklaces bracelets and watches Metal objects will heat up when connected to power and ground and can cause serious burns or weld the metal object to the terminals CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 44 Warning Do not work on the system or connect or disconnect cables during periods of lightning activity Read the installation instructions before you connect the system to its power source To turn power off the switch you must disconnect the power cord there is no ON OFF switch Note that if the switch is connected to an external Redundant Power Supply Unit RPSU the power cord must be removed from both units Locate the emergency power off switch for the room in which you are working Then if an electrical accident occurs you can act quickly to turn off the power Before working on the system unplug the power cord To avoid the possibility of electrical shock unplug the power cord from the outlet before detaching the power cord from
120. er Module 56 using the CrossFire 8630 Stacker Link Module 2 Expansion slots choice of 4 x 4 16 Mbps RJ 45 Token Ring 4 x 4 16 Mbps Fiber Token Ring 1 x ATM155 Card UTP and MMF 2 x High Speed Token Ring UTP and Fiber Global lookup table size 10 000 stations and bridges Local lookup table size total for 5 500 4 ports stations and bridges Maximum number 63 of logical rings Maximum number of VLANs 63 Table 4 Capacity Specifications CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications Performance 13 Specification Value Maximum frame rate per port 57 000 pps in each direction measured with a frame size of 19 bytes Maximum aggregate frame rate per 4 ports 200 000 pps in each direction Full media speed for frame sizes above 28 bytes Throughput per port 16 Mbps in each direction for all frame sizes Aggregate switching rate unicast or broadcast for entire switch 1 500 000 pps for smallest frame sizes Within switch latency cut through 35 us Table 5 Performance Specifications Physical Characteristics Specification Value Rack mount 19 rack mount hardware included Dimensions Width 19 48 3 cm Depth 15 74 40 0 cm Height 3 46 8 80 cm Weight 19 4 lbs 8 8 Kg Power 100 to 240 VAC autosensing Frequency 50
121. er Configuration for TrBRF screen to add or change a BRF Note that the trbrf default cannot be deleted Also the trbrf default cannot be assigned new BRFs The BRF screen is shown below ULAN Parameter Configuration for TrBRF ULAN ID 1665 ULAN Name trbrf default State Operational MTU 4472 Bridge Number 6x OF Return to previous menu The following information is displayed on this screen VLAN ID Numeric ID of the BRF Possible values are 7 through 7005 Values 7002 through 1005 and 1 are reserved for the default BRFs and CRFs VLAN Name ASCII name associated with the BRF Up to 32 characters are allowed State Current state of the BRF Possible values are Operational and Suspended BRFs in operational state are functional BRFs in suspended state do not pass packets The default is operational MTU Maximum Transfer Unit of the BRF maximum size of the information field in transmitted packets Possible values are 7 500 4 472 default 8 144 and 17 800 The actual value used depends also on the value configured for the port the smaller value is used CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 93 These values correspond to maximum frame size values of 1 548 4 546 default 9 236 and 18 192 respectively The actual value used depends on the value configured for the ports the smaller value is used Bridge Number Source routing bridge number for this BRF Possibl
122. erminal Preference menu Table 20 Console Configuration Settings 4 At power on cold boot the switch performs a series of self test diagnostics verifying that hardware components are functioning An example of the self test diagnostic screen is shown later in this chapter Communication Problems If the diagnostic list does not appear or is garbled try adjusting the baud rates between the console and the switch by using the Autobaud routine within the switch To do this press the reset button on the front of the switch and wait for the internal diagnostics to finish the DIAG LED turns off The reason for the reset is that in case the switch s Autobaud routine is not enabled resetting it will set it to its default mode of Autobaud enabled Depending on the type of console there are several console command keys that will potentially initiate the Autobaud routine in the switch Four of those keys are RETURN the combination keys of ALT B the BREAK key and ESC After the DIAG LED goes out try one these command keys at the console and press it repeatedly If there is no response wait several seconds and again press it repeatedly If necessary perform the same routine using the other command keys CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Connecting a Network Management Console 72 If that does not work and there is at least a garbled output on the screen try pushing the unlabelled sy
123. es of the switch Token Ring Port Operation Modes Each port can be independently configured to one of the following operating modes Feature Function Benefit Half duplex concentrator port Port behaves like an active MAU port for classical Token Ring Connects to a single station in half duplex mode Compatible with older adapters Half duplex station emulation The port is connected to a port on a MAU Connects to classical Token Ring segments with multiple stations in existing installations Full duplex concentrator port Connects to a single station in full duplex Allows high performance station and server connection and allows high performance server attachments with up to 97 improvement over a half duplex Token Ring connection Full duplex station Connects to another Allows easy connection emulation switch in full duplex between switches mode RI RO like Allows connection Enables easy integration into connection of the RI RO port existing installations CrossFire 8600 on from a MAU or CAU ports 19 and 20 directly to the CrossFire 8605 on switch all 20 fiber ports Table 8 Token Ring Port Operation Modes CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 33 Feature Function Benefit Automatic port sensing of operating mode The port senses automatic
124. es Guide to Operations this guide One OC 8830 Token Ring Switch Program Disk Set One OC 8840 Token Ring Switch Manager for HP OpenView for Windows One CrossFire 8600 Series Token Ring Switch Manager for HP OpenView for Windows Guide to Operations Olicom document number DOC 6960 One plastic bag containing four adhesive rubber feet and rack mounting screws Allen key nuts and washers If any item is missing or damaged contact your place of purchase Materials Needed for Installation To install the switch you need the following items If the unit will be installed in a rack you need A rack inventory chart and a cabling chart from your network administrator The supplied set of screws nuts and washers along with the Allen key tool A properly earthed power cord If the unit will be installed on a surface such as a tabletop you will need A cabling chart from your network administrator The four supplied adhesive rubber feet A properly earthed power cord CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 58 Installing a Universal Expansion Module Follow these steps to install a Universal Expansion Module UEM if you have received one 1 2 3 If you have not already done so unplug or remove power from the switch Remove the UEM from its box Remove the plate covering the Universal Expansion Slot UES on the front of the switch by loosening the two
125. es access to the Protocol Class Assignment screen and the Port Filtering Attributes screen Protocol Filters Protocol Class Assignment Port Filtering Attributes Return to previous menu Protocol Class Assignment Selecting this item will open the Protocol Class Assignment screen Port Filtering Attributes Selecting this item will open the Port Filtering Attributes screen CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 122 Protocol Class Assignment Screen The Protocol Class Assignment screen shows the 15 protocol classes that may be defined by the user Note that Class 0 is the default class and will contain all DSAPs and Ethertypes not assigned to any other class You modify a class by highlighting the class and pressing ENTER You will then be prompted for the field to modify Name Ethertype or DSAPs When all classes have been defined as desired select Return to save the values and exit the screen Protocol Class Assignment Class Ethertype DSAPs 2345 66 64 68 62 None None 63 None None 64 None None 65 None None 66 None None 67 None None 68 None None 69 None None 16 None None 11 None None 12 None None 13 None None 14 None None 15 None None Return Define DSAPs and or Ethertype for Highlighted Class Class For the selected port use the Class field to select a class to modify Ethertype The Ethernet protocol type that you want to filter You can spe
126. esets and power cycles Index Sequential number of entries in the table IP Address The IP address associated with an SNMP manager Community Name The name used to identify SNMP managers TrBRF TrBRF VLAN name for which traps are sent to the specified SNMP manager More Used to view next page of table CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 188 Add Entry Adds a new entry to the trap receiver table Delete Entry Deletes an entry from the trap receiver table Change Entry Modifies an entry in the trap receiver table Clear Table Deletes all table entries Zoom Displays the complete list of TrBRFs assigned to an IP address List of Supported Traps from a Switch General traps The coldStart Trap A coldStart trap signifies that the sending protocol entity is reinitializing itself such that the agent s configuration or the protocol entity implementation may be altered The warmStart Trap A warmStart trap signifies that the sending protocol entity is reinitializing itself such that neither the agent configuration nor the protocol entity implementation is altered The linkDown Trap A linkDown trap signifies that the sending protocol entity recognizes a failure in one of the communication links represented in the agent s configuration The Trap PDU of type linkDown contains as the first element of its variable bindings the name and value of the ifInd
127. ess The bit mask of all Token Ring functional addresses for which this port will accept frames Last Beacon Sent The elapsed time since a beacon frame was last sent on this port 802 5 DTR MAC Information Menu The 802 5 DTR MAC Information menu provides access to the appropriate DTR information screen Port 25 862 5 DTR MAC Information TXI Information Station CPort Information Return to previous menu TXI Information Displays the TXI Information screen CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 161 Station CPort Information Displays the Station CPort Information screen TXI Information Screen The TXI Information screen provides information about IEEE 802 5 DTR MAC TXI Port 25 862 5 DTR MAC TXI Information Port is Forwarding Authorized Function Classes Oxf FFF Error Report Timer 61 sec 268 Physical Drop Number 6x 66666666 Join State Registration Monitor State Not Specified Beacon Source Address 666666 666666 Beacon UNA 666666 666666 Beacon Physical Drop Number 6x 66666666 Event Status Standby Received Return to previous menu Authorized Function Classes Functional classes that a node is enabled to transmit This field displays the value set by the Authorized Function Classes subvector X 06 of the Change Parameters MAC frame Valid range is from 0x0000 to OxF FFF Each bit that is enabled 1 corresponds to a func
128. etting up console or Telnet sessions with the switch See page 130 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 81 Switch Configuration Screen Use the Switch Configuration screen to view system information and to view or change the system name location contact and time of day To add or change the system name location contact or time of day use the arrow keys to highlight the field and press the ENTER key A prompt appears near the bottom of the screen for entering text for that field Pressing ENTER again enters that text Switch Configuration System Description Olicom CrossFire 8665 HW Rev 661 SW Rev 63 65 Build Description Release Software created Fri 23 Oct 98 16 38 DRAM FLASH Installed 8 MB 2648 KB Burned in MAC Address 666083 8DF740 Configured MAC Address 666666 600000 Address Format Non canonical System Name System Location System Contact Time of Day Fri October 36 1998 14 35 45 Stack Configuration Display the Configuration Menu The following explains the fields in the Switch Configuration screen System Description Name and model of this switch Information in this field cannot be changed Burned in MAC Address The factory assigned base MAC address of the switch Information in this field cannot be changed Configured MAC Address The MAC address that is currently in use or if anew MAC address has been configured the MAC address that will be used
129. evision level Ports Number of ports on the module Up Time Amount of time in hours minutes and seconds that the module has been up since the last reset You cannot change the information that appears on this screen CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 87 VLAN Configuration The Virtual LAN feature can be used to partition a switch or a stack of switches into several Virtual LANs each containing its own set of ports the terms Virtual LAN and domain are interchangeable Packets are forwarded only between ports belonging to the same The benefit of Virtual LAN is to restrict access from one segment to another either for security purposes or to reduce intersegment traffic Figure 21 illustrates a switch with four VLANs VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Ports 1 2 3 10 Ports 5 11 12 o VLAN 3 VLAN 4 z A Ports 4 7 9 Ports 6 8 13 14 Figure 21 Switch with four VLANs To set up domains using the VLAN Configuration menu specify the ports belonging to the domains then set up the IP configurations trap configuration trap receivers are associated with a set of VLANs and a receiver IP address and STP configurations specific to the appropriate VLANs If you have already
130. ex instance for the affected interface The linkUp Trap A linkUp trap signifies that the sending protocol entity recognizes that one of the communication links represented in the agent s configuration has come up The Trap PDU of type linkUp contains as the first element of its variable bindings the name and value of the ifIndex instance for the affected interface The authenticationFailure Trap An authenticationFailure trap signifies that the sending protocol entity is the CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 189 addressee of a protocol message that is not properly authenticated While implementations of the SNMP must be capable of generating this trap they must also be capable of suppressing the emission of such traps via an implementation specific mechanism Enterprise specific traps from OC8600 MIB oc8600TsStackCfg Change This trap is generated when there is a change in the stack configuration i e when either a new switch is added to the stack or a switch leaves a stack oc8600TsNumSwitches indicates the current number of switches which are part of the stack The management station should update its stack information according to the stack table oc8600TsStackStackMatrixChange This trap is generated when the stack switches over from primary to secondary Matrix or from secondary back to primary Matrix oc8600TsStackTemp Change This trap is generated when
131. f each logical ring The Bridge Relay Function runs the IBM Spanning Tree Protocol to eliminate parallel paths with other source route bridges The IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol is still used with each logical ring Duplicate MAC addresses are allowed only if they are on different Logical Rings Source Route Transparent SRT The BRF can combine transparent switching with Source Route Bridging Non source routed packets are switched across logical rings by transparent bridging CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 22 Source routed frames are switched across logical rings by Source Route Bridging and within each logical ring by Source Route Switching The Bridge Relay Function runs the IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol Duplicate MAC addresses are not allowed SRT SRB This is a special mode combining SRT and the SRB switching modes Each Logical Ring will operate either in SRT mode or in SRB mode Transparent bridging will only take place between logical rings in SRT mode Source route bridging will take place between all logical rings The purpose of the SRT SRB mode is to allow duplicate MAC addresses to be used when in SRT mode The ports on which the duplicate MAC addresses reside can be reached only by source routing The Bridge Relay Function runs the IBM Spanning Tree Protocol on the SRB logical rings to eliminate parallel paths with all source route bridges It runs IEE
132. ferent state listening learning and forwarding in that order All CRFs that are going to change states from blocking to forwarding will have done so after two to three times the value of Switch Maximum Message Age 2 x Switch Forward Delay CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 174 DCst Cost for a packet to travel from this CRF to the root in the current spanning tree configuration The slower the media the higher the cost Dsg Swid Brid Priority and MAC address of the device through which this port has determined it must communicate with the root of the spanning tree Dsg Pld Port on the designated bridge through which this switch will communicate with the root of the spanning tree This information is useful if the switch is the designated bridge on one or more network segments Chgs Number of topology changes that is the number of times the CRF has entered the forwarding state plus the number of times the CRF has made the transition from forwarding to blocking The counter is reset when the switch is reset or the spanning tree is turned on Last Chg Time since the CRF last entered the forwarding state or made the transition from forwarding to blocking You cannot change any information on this screen To change the spanning tree parameters refer to the section Spanning Tree for TrBRF Screen on page 99 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switc
133. figuration Menu The next menu item in the Configuration menu is SNMP Configuration This item opens a menu that is explained in Chapter 8 Monitoring the Network with SNMP The next section describes the STP and the STP menus that you can access from the Configuration menu Spanning Tree Protocol The spanning tree protocol STP is a bridge to bridge link management protocol that provides path redundancy while preventing undesirable loops To provide path redundancy spanning tree protocol defines a tree that spans all switches and bridges in the extended network If one of the network segments in the tree becomes inaccessible STP reconfigures itself to reestablish the links To prevent loops STP selects just one switch port as the designated path to the root assigning it the Forwarding or active state It assigns all other ports the blocking or standby state A port in the blocking state does not forward any transmitted frames in any direction D Note In the VLAN STP configuration menu for the selection of port priority port path cost select only the ports which are part of the current VLAN Do not configure ports in other VLANs The path cost indicates the relative speed of the segment The higher the speed of the segment the lower the path cost Switches and bridges in the network attempt to determine the path to the route with the lowest path cost IEEE 802 1D recommends that you assign path costs using the following for
134. gory 5 100 and 120 Ohm Table 26 Copper Cable Types Cable Type 65 5 Micron Fiber 50 125 Micron Fiber 100 140 Micron Fiber Table 27 Multimode Optical Fiber Cable Types If you are installing new cabling for data applications it is recommended that you use the following types of cable CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information 216 For lobe cabling from the telecommunications closet to the wall outlet it is recommended that 150 ohm STP or four pair Category 5 cable that meets the international cable standard ISO IEC 11801 or North American cabling standard EIA TIA 568A For backbone cabling it is recommended that 62 5 125 micron multimode optical fiber cable that meets the international cable standard ISO IEC 11801 or the North American cabling standard EIA TIA 568A Number Of Attaching Devices A Token Ring network supports up to 255 attaching devices or nodes on a single network when using 150 Ohm shielded media type 1 1A 2 or 2A When cable segments in the network are 100 or 120 Ohm this number is decreased to 132 72 if using any 4 Mbps only adapters or filters CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information 217 Cable Length and Lobe Wiring Rules for Dedicated Media LAN Segments The Olicom Token Ring network dedicated media full duplex connections su
135. h Limited Multicast Address to ports s Allow Lma Ifa packet is sent to the specific multicast address it is allowed to go to the specified port s only Force a packet with the Destination Address to certain port Force Dest When a packet with a specific address must go to a specified port D Note Force a packet is for test in network or troubleshooting only Must not be combined with Port Security Filter Applied Ports The input port s that this filter entry is applied to for that specified MAC address Exit Ports The specified port s where a packet is allowed to go or forced to go for that specific MAC address This applies only to the Allow Ima and Force Dest filters CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 119 Configure Port Security Mode Screen This function disables address learning of source and or destination addresses at specified ports on a switch Port security totally blocks secures these addresses Port security mode is used in conjunction with port filtering Configure a port security mode on a port and then use allow filters to selectively control traffic through that port For instance if you only want one or some small number of addresses to be able to send to a specific port you can block all source addresses at that port and then use port filtering as explained in the previous sections of port filtering to selectively allow specifi
136. h the gateway and not ignore its Download Domain parameter If the switch is unable to reach a TFTP server to which it should have a direct or indirect route an incorrectly set Download VLAN may be the reason Execute lt name gt Download Upload This command is displayed on the sub screens that are opened from the TFTP Download Upload screen The command Execute lt name gt Download Upload initiates the download or upload for a single switch only The screen displays the block it last received from the server block 0 if no reply has been received until the last packet arrives The switch does not attempt to load any of the image into flash memory until it receives the final packet Therefore if interrupted or cancelled for any reason before the last packet the previous system image remains intact in flash memory Once the last packet has arrived the switch immediately begins clearing flash memory and loads it with the new image The switch will continue to use its previously loaded software until its next reset by whatever means The newly stored image is not functional until a reset is performed Note Be careful if the process is interrupted during this time the stored image may be corrupted and the switch will not be able to boot normally If this happens it is necessary to download the switch via its Out of Band Management port since the system boot image does not contain software capable of operating the network hardware of the
137. h the switch Close the cap again to conceal the screws Note Only fixed brackets are supplied with these units If you want to install a sliding pullout mount you will need to provide the extra mounting hardware O O C TD O J a Figure 16 Mounting the Switch in a Rack or Cabinet Table Mounting The switch operates at a low noise level which makes it suitable for a work area or almost anywhere with a large enough flat surface such as a table desktop or similar area Four self adhesive pads are supplied with the switch The pads must be mounted in the four recesses on the bottom of the switch When the pads are mounted simply place the switch on a clear level location Leave enough room around the switch for ventilation and access to the controls and cable connectors Caution Due to weight constraints place no more than three units or the equivalent weight of other equipment directly on top of another chassis More than three units on top of another unit may cause damage to the lower unit CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 61 Cabling This section provides instructions for connecting devices such as hubs servers personal computers and workstations to the switch Remember these tips when connecting cables Avoid stretching or bending the cables excessively Avoid routing the cables near potential sources of electromagnetic interference such as m
138. he DC power cable CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 48 Unpacking and Inspecting Immediately after receiving the equipment examine all shipping containers and contents for damage If any damage has occurred notify the shipping carrier Unpack the unit by removing the packing material and lifting it from its protective enclosures Visually examine the equipment and check the container for related parts and accessories You should have the following items One CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch OR One CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch One CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches Guide to Operations this guide One OC 8830 Token Ring Switch Program Disk Set One OC 8840 Token Ring Switch Manager for HP OpenView for Windows also works as stand alone without HP Open View under Windows One CrossFire 8600 Series Token Ring Switch Manager for HP OpenView for Windows Guides to Operations One serial cable for the management port One plastic bag containing four adhesive rubber feet and rack mounting screws Allen key nuts and washers Report any missing parts and any damage not related to shipping to your customer service representative D Note Keep the packing materials for future use All components returned under warranty should be shipped in their original packing materials If you have received your equipment before your site is fully prepared
139. he Master Route Descriptor Table lists the learned route descriptors in the switch master table These descriptors are contained within the 10 000 entries allowed for the master address table Master Route Descriptor Table Route hex Type Ports Filtered high lighted Trunks Bold 560 1 3 Known TR Port 25 25 Search Return to previous menu Route hex The route descriptor triplet Ring In Bridge Number Ring Out This field will always have the format displayed in hexadecimal Ring numbers are in the range 001 F FF bridge numbers are in the range 0 F CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 169 Type The Type column of the Master Route Descriptor Table can contain the following types Known lt port type gt Port lt nn gt A known route descriptor bridge on Port nn Port type TR The route descriptor is known at the specified token ring port The route descriptor will be present at port nn Port type STK The route descriptor is known at a port of another switch in the stack If the route descriptor has occurred as next hop in the RIF of incoming frames at other ports it will be present in these ports too Unknown The route descriptor has occurred as next hop in the Route Information Field of incoming frames at one or more ports The switch has however not yet learned the location of the route descript
140. he port configuration screen or interface table for SNMP This MAC address is used for the Token Ring MAC protocol and for the spanning tree protocol The switch reserves 63 addresses for TrBRF VLAN Each VLAN has an attached Bridge relay function TrBRF and a Management entity IP protocol stack and consequently it needs a MAC Address In the switch these two logical units use the same address however this address must be unique in the network This is ensured by assigning MAC address to TrBRF s from the Switch Base Address 32 0x20 and upwards The switch is designed in such a way that it operates with 63 active or preferred VLAN s implying that 63 MAC addresses need to be reserved for TrBRF Summarizing each CrossFire 8600 reserve Switch Base Address 31 Addresses for Token Ring ports 63 MAC Addresses for TrBRFs 95 which is rounded up to 96 or hexadecimal 0x60 The MAC address of the default TrBRF trnet default will always be the switch base address 32 If the switch operates in a stack only one of the switches will operate the bridge relay function Hence the MAC address of the default TrBRF will be the base address of the stackmaster 32 The stackmaster is determined by software when the stack consists of two switches back to back and by the port CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 83 numbers in 8300 8635 stack configurations There is no simple rul
141. he workstations and servers in the network have been configured to use a maximum frame length of equal or less than the switch If this is not done you may experience problems after the switch has been installed in the network CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 56 Installation Summary The installation sequence is listed in the steps below 1 So oe E a S Plan for installation Read Chapter 3 Preparing for Installation Unpack the switch Gather the materials If you will be installing expansion modules install them now Mount the switch Connect the switch to the network Verify the operation of the switch Note Complete the following step only if you will be customizing the configuration of the switch or monitoring its activity 8 Configure the switch CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 57 Unpacking Instructions There are no special safety precautions that need to be taken when unpacking the switch Simply follow these steps 1 Open the large carton Remove the switch from its protective packaging 2 3 4 Visually inspect the switch to ensure that it was not damaged during shipment Check the contents of the carton Along with this manual the carton should contain One CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch OR CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch One CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switch
142. her switches hubs or end nodes CrossFire 8605 Twenty fiber VF 45 connectors for Token Ring connection These ports allow half duplex HDX or full duplex FDX connections to other switches hubs or end nodes The switch will automatically sense what type of Token Ring connection is being employed on each of its ports whether it is a connection toa shared media segment via a Token Ring concentrator Station mode to another Token Ring switch operating at 4 Mbps or at 16 Mbps toa dedicated media segment directly to a Token Ring LAN station operating in half duplex or full duplex mode Port mode The switch will automatically configure requiring no operator action each port to operate at the highest level of capability possible No special crossover cables are required for Token Ring stations on dedicated media segments or for switch to switch connections the same straight through cabling is used regardless of the type of connection This auto sense auto configure capability of the switch can be overridden by explicit console management Switched Port Analyzer Any of the twenty Token Ring ports can be configured as a TokenProbe port It is used to monitor any one of the other Token Ring ports so that the activity can be traced by a special passive network analyzer attached to the TokenProbe port CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications Universal
143. hes v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 175 Current Spanning Tree Information for a TrCRF Screen To display the spanning tree parameters for a TrCRF that belongs to the currently displayed TrBRF select CRF Spanning Tree on the Current Spanning Tree Information screen for a TrBRF and specify the desired TrCRF Current Spanning Tree Information My CRF 162 Group 2 Bridge ID 32768 6666014786C5 Hello Time 2 Root ID 32768 660601478484 Max Message Age 26 Root Port 7 Forward Delay 15 Port Pid PCst PSts DCst Dsg Swid Brid DsgPId Chgs Last Chg 128 7 62 FWD 6 32768 6068601478484 128 1 6 0 34 42 128 8 62 BLK 6 32768 606601478484 128 2 3 6 35 61 128 9 62 BLK 6 32768 606601478484 128 3 2 6 35 12 128 16 62 FWD 62 32768 6060014786C5 128 16 3 6 26 66 128 13 DWN 128 14 62 FWD 62 32768 6060014786C5 128 14 3 6 28 62 128 18 DWN 128 19 DWN Return to previous menu The following information is displayed on this screen Bridge ID Priority and MAC address of this bridge Root ID Priority and MAC address of the root bridge Root Port Number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root This switch communicates with the root through this port If this switch has been accepted as the root of the spanning tree network this field displays This Bridge Hello Time Time in seconds that the root waits between sending configuration messages This time is advertised by the root and used by all
144. hold parameter is exceeded see Cfg Loss Threshold on page 108 This can be caused by poor cables a faulty station connected to the switch or a bad port on the switch If the port is not disabled disconnect the port cable Try moving the cable to another port until service can be arranged If the switch can be temporarily removed from service connect a console and reset the switch with diagnostics to see whether the port passes diagnostics and initializes If it does not the problem is in the switch In this case contact technical support as described in Chapter 11 Getting in Touch with Technical Support 4 Restart communications program on the failed connected device Ifthe communication program appears to start without errors observe the INSRT LED on the switch port If it is on the problem may have gone away Check the Cfg Loss Threshold parameter in the Port Configuration screen page 105 for possible causes of the failure CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Troubleshooting 199 Ifthe problem persists try another identically configured port on the switch If the new port works there is a problem with the failed port Obtain service Contact your place of purchase 5 Ifthe switch is connected to a token ring concentrator perform the following steps Verify that the switch duplex setting matches the attached device Verify that the concentrator is operating corre
145. ibutes screen 124 on the Protocol Class Assignment screen 122 DTE 207 DTR 207 Duplicate Ring Number parameter 155 E Early Token Release parameter 106 EIA 207 electricity safety with 43 electromagnetic emissions specifications 14 electrostatic discharge damage preventing 45 e mail of technical support 203 Enable RMON Statistics parameter 184 environmental requirements 46 EPROM 207 Error Frames Received parameter 149 Error High Threshold parameter 108 Error Low Threshold parameter 108 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 index 3 Error Report Timer parameter 161 Error Sampling Interval parameter 108 errors solving 195 ESD 207 ethernet protocol type on the Port Filtering Attributes screen 124 on the Protocol Class Assignment screen 122 Event Status parameter 162 exiting the console session 132 expansion modules 7 benefits 35 installing 58 problems with 195 specifications 12 Explorer Overflow parameter 155 F fax numbers technical support 202 FDX 207 features 11 management 11 performance 10 scalability and high availability 11 features of switch 10 FFC complience ii fiber ports on CrossFire 8605 6 filtering addresses 115 benefits 40 general principles 22 filters view for ports 120 Filters amp Port Security menu 116 firmware revision level on Module Information screen 86 Flash Memory Installed parameter 83 Force AC Bits on SR Frames parameter 106 Forward Delay parameter 17
146. id individual MAC address or Unknown Beacon Physical Drop Number Physical location of the sending ring station This field displays the value of the Physical Drop Number subvector X 0B used in the last Beacon MAC frame transmitted or received Valid range is from 0x00000000 to OxFFFFFFFF Event Status This field displays the latest event status of the TXI interface Possible values are Insert REQ Rec Insert RPS Rec Report Error Heart Beat Lost Signal Loss Beacon Received Remove Internal Error Station CPort Err Wire Fault Claim Received Purge Received Standby Received Invalid SA Act Mon Recvd Phantom Loss and Dup Addr Det CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 163 Station CPort Information Screen The Station CPort Information screen is shown below Port 25 862 5 DTR MAC Station CPort Information Port is Forwarding Station Requested Access Protocol TKP Station Access Protocol Response TXI Wire Fault Station Individual Address Count 1 Station Phantom Drive Support Ph DrutWire Fault CPort Phantom Drive Mask Not RI RO Common Access Protocol Mask TKP TXI Common Policy Flags 6x61c8 Return to previous menu Station Requested Access Protocol Protocol requested for station access This field displays the value of the Access Protocol Request subvector X 0E transmitted in the Registration Request MAC frame Possible values are TXI and TKP Statio
147. ific and applied to a switch s incoming traffic only Up to 250 filters can be created for each switch the filters must be applied to specific ports at a specified switch A filter is a combination of a MAC address and the type of filter it is For example if the MAC address 000043 C00021 is configured as source type at a port and also configured as a destination type that would count as two different filters towards the maximum of 250 filters e You can apply these filters to any combination of ports as long as there is a maximum of 250 filters not 250 ports because more than one port can be part of a filter For example Filter A MAC address 0000A3 C00021 source type can be applied to ports 1 5 7 14 or to all the ports Filter B MAC address 0000A3 C00021 destination type can be applied to the same ports or different ports or once again to all the ports Filter C MAC address 0340B7 A02026 source type can be applied to any combination of ports until a maximum of 250 filters are created Note If you set up a filter for broadcast packets hosts on the other side of the switch may not see ARP broadcast packets To prevent this let the switch learn the host addresses before implementing the filter Most hosts time out their local address entries and attempt to relearn with a broadcast ARP CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Config
148. igning from the primary port again New destination address An unknown destination address packet is sent out on the primary ports of the CrossLink but entries are not made in ports tables until a reply packet comes back Entries in port tables depend upon the destination See the description of primary ports on page 113 Broadcast and multicast packets Broadcast and multicast packets go to the primary port of each CrossLink Link failure If one link in a CrossLink fails a trap is sent and the entire CrossLink connection is disabled CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 111 CrossLink Menu Use the CrossLink menu to access the CrossLink Configuration and Information screens The CrossLink menu is accessed from the Configuration menu CrossLink CrossLink Configuration Current CrossLink Information Return to previous menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 112 CrossLink Configuration Screen Use the CrossLink Configuration screen to add delete and change CrossLinks A description of creating a CrossLink connection follows CrossLink Configuration CrossLink Ports 16 11 12 14 15 16 17 not defined not defined not defined not defined not defined not defined Add Entry Delete Entry Change Entry Clear Table Return to previous menu CrossLink List of different CrossLink setups to 8
149. ion Menu 2 2 000 2 eee ee 79 Switch Configuration Screen 2 2 20 81 Stack Configuration Screen 84 Module Information Screen 85 VLAN Configuration 20000022 ae 87 VLAN Configuration Menu 2 88 VLAN Configuration Screen 24 89 VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrCRF Screen 90 VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrBRF Screen 92 Local VLAN Port Configuration Screen 93 IP Configuration Screen 2 22222005 94 BootP Requests and Parameters 96 SNMP Configuration Menu 97 Spanning Tree Protocol 97 IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol STP 98 Spanning Tree for TrBRF Screen 99 Spanning Tree for TrCRF Screen 101 Port Spanning Tree Parameters Screen 103 Current Spanning Tree Information Screen 104 Port Configuration Screen 20004 105 Switched Port Analyzer Menu 0 109 Crosslinks 2 asin ean Bae aie Se a Be ache koe 109 CrossLink Menu 2222 5005 111 CrossLink Configuration Screen 2 112 Setting up aCrossLink 04 113 Current CrossLink Information Screen 114 Address Filtering a een Sq ee e bey Bog ek bee e Go 115 Filters and Port Security Menu 116 Configure Filters Screen 2
150. ion to or contact Olicom Technical Support via one of the listed services In addition BBS e mail FTP or WWW provide up to date software updates application notes quick fixes and various utilities which may solve your problem Before You Contact Olicom Technical Support Boot the switch to run the power on diagnostics Capture and print the diagnostics note that any traffic through the switch will be disrupted Dump the switch configuration to a file using Display Summary and print theless os eH keri by Gee bee dite gg ie ek es Print any messages in the Message Log Information Screen If possible attach a display summary screen captured from the console OP TEM cso was Se aed Bane Bae 5 Goi teg eee Be leh If possible simplify the environment by removing other devices Fill in as much as possible in the included Problem Report Form Contact your place of purchase 2 pe apa pea Hotline Support Call the following numbers for help with any problem you may encounter when installing Olicom software and hardware products Europe 45 45 27 01 02 Denmark Monday to Friday 8 am to 6 pm GMT 1 48 39 125 071 Poland Monday to Friday 8 am to 6 pm GMT 1 USA 1 1 800 OLICOM 1 or 1 972 907 4200 24 hours a day 7 days a week CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Getting in Touch with Technical Support
151. ions ooo a 57 Materials Needed for Installation 57 Installing a Universal Expansion Module 58 Mounting the Chassis 222200 59 Rack or Cabinet Mounting 2 59 Table Mounting 2 2 0000 eee eee 60 Cabling sats as decks Aches ds stale nd a es Sh a ee 61 Connecting Devices to the Token Ring Ports 61 Connecting Devices to the Token Ring Ports Using Building Wiring s soens dcs re pa p e Dua R aA a Ai 62 Checking the Installation 63 Applying Power lt nease t amr ae w ata tb ba e 64 Co tr l Panels zra grita guns ana a a a ENE a a a a aS 66 Front Panel egasi s dah bok eed eh ah wis 2 es a 66 Back Panel oi g a n 57 4 pda sd ee ethe Sa kee hs 68 5 Connecting a Network Management Console 69 Connecting the Console oaoa a 69 Communication Problems a aoaaa a aa 71 Diagnostic Sereen oeae e anaa a a a a a e e 72 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 6 Switch Configuration 75 General Guidelines 0 0205004 76 Navigating within the Menus 77 Main Men meian pete cade o th fain sa nire e Pa eo Ooo AS 78 Configuration sc ade Oe go ea POP eee 78 DlatISTICS is eB ees E r ee doe el es Had Gk 78 Download Upload 2222500 78 POSE Uae acetic attain beaten carte mn fx Baer te ae apne ae 78 Exit GOnsole zi Goa repra ee aia wate Sle Gam ah SA 78 Configurat
152. irflow requirements for installation 46 copyrights ii cost of packet 174 177 CPort Phantom Drive Mask parameter 164 CRF 207 CRF parameter on Current Spanning Tree Information screen 173 CRF state 91 CRF status within spanning tree 173 CrossLink connection 25 general description 109 in VLAN configuration 88 number 114 settingup 113 setup number 112 state 114 traps 191 CrossLink Configuration screen 112 CrossLink menu 111 Current CrossLink Information screen 114 current rating 13 Current Spanning Tree Information for a TrCRF screen 175 Current Spanning Tree Information screen 172 Currently Active Stations parameter 149 178 179 cut through switching mode general description 23 Index D DCst parameter on Current Spanning Tree Information screen 177 declaration of conformity ii Default Gateway parameter 94 Delete Password parameter 129 deleting password 129 Demand Aging Level parameter 128 depth of switch 13 destination service access point DSAP on the Port Filtering Attributes screen 124 on the Protocol Class Assignment screen 122 diagnostic self test screens 72 Diagnostic Test Results screen 180 diagnostics LED 8 differences between CrossFire 8600 and 8605 xiii dimensions of switch 13 DIS 207 Disallow New Telnet Session parameter 133 Display Summary screen 182 distances between devices 49 Download VLAN parameter 139 Download Upload menu 137 DRAM Installed parameter 83 DSAP 207 DSAPs on the Port Filtering Attr
153. itches v 1 2 P N 710001641 installation 11 55 applying power after 64 cabling 61 checking 63 expansion modules 58 materials for 57 preparing for 43 site requirements 46 summary 56 unpacking 57 Interface MAC Address parameter 94 internal clock 84 internal errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 157 internet e mail 203 FTP server 203 web server 203 Invalid RIF RC Field parameter 155 IP address associated with SNMP manager 187 determine using BootP 96 in VLAN configuration 87 IP Address parameter 94 187 IP Configuration menu 183 IP Configuration screen 94 IP Disabled state value for IP State parameter 95 IP State parameter 95 J Join State parameter 162 L LAA 208 labels on front panel 7 LAM 208 LAN 208 Largest Number of Stations parameter 149 154 178 179 Last Beacon Sent parameter 160 LED 208 LEDs on front panel 5 8 67 length limit of frame 49 line errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 156 LLC 208 Lobe Wires value on 802 5 Statistics screen 158 lobe wiring rules 217 Index Local Address Entries parameter 154 Local Box Number parameter 84 Local VLAN Port Configuration screen 93 logical rings maximum number of 12 Long Frames parameter 155 lookup table size 12 lost frame errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 157 low latency principles 19 LRN 208 LSN 208 M MAC 208 MAC Address on View Port Filters screen 120 MAC address factory assigned 81 format 83 of BRF 94 of node on Master Address Ta
154. ity LEDs on page 8 Symptom and LED State Go To All of the LEDs are off Procedure A The ERR LED or the DIAG are on Procedure B None of the devices connected to the switch can communicate the ERR LED is off and the PWR LED is on Procedure C A single device connected to the switch is having trouble communicating Procedure D The ERR LED on an expansion module is on or a device connected to an expansion module is experiencing problems See the troubleshooting section in the expansion module documentation Note Segment refers to a single cable or interconnected cables between a switch port and the device at the other end Table 23 Symptom LED State and Recommended Procedure Procedure A Use this procedure if all of the LEDs are off 1 Verify that the power cord is connected at both ends and that the power outlet is working 2 Ifthe power cord is connected correctly the outlet is working and the problem persists the problem is in the switch In that case contact technical support as described in Chapter 11 Getting in Touch with Technical Support CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Troubleshooting 197 Procedure B Use this procedure if the ERR LED is on 1 Verify that the power to the internal power supply is on If the power is off and the switch is powered only by the redundant power s
155. ken Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications This chapter discusses switching technology and how the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch can be used to improve network performance This chapter also includes a list of features and specifications for the switch The topics of this chapter are presented under the following titles Switching Technology starting on page 2 Physical Characteristics starting on page 5 e Features and Specifications starting on page 10 The figures below display a front view of the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch TOKEN RING SWITCH MMG TK RNS TX AK INS TX RK SK I o a al al a a a a E act oot A A Dc er act e E Stet tla tel lata tattle Figure 2 CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications Switching Technology Demand for network bandwidth continues to grow driven by the increasing number of systems used in network intensive applications LAN segmentation has been the prevalent method for addressing these demands and has been further popularized by trends toward server centralization However the implementation costs of LAN segmentation as well as the real performance characteristics of conventional network components have served to limit growth of some T
156. l class default value No Disallow transparent bridging for frames in this protocol class If No is selected only source routed frames can be bridged between CRFs for this protocol class CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 124 Ethertype Information column showing the Ethertype defined for this class DSAPs Informational column showing the DSAPs currently in this class CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 125 Address Aging You can set the per port aging value using the Address Aging menu The following describes the types of address aging There are two types of aging Port aging Any address in a port s address table that has not been active for a port s configured aging time will be removed from the port s table Set at the Port Address Table Aging menu System aging Addresses that are local to a port but did not fit in its address table will be removed from the master and all port address tables after the system aging time Set at the Master Address Table Aging menu There are two levels to set for the port and master aging tables Time Interval Aging is a time limit in minutes which will drop older addresses after the selected time Automatic On Demand Aging stores addresses until reaching maximum capacity of the table then deletes addresses in the following specific order down to
157. l while it is resetting Before starting this procedure make sure the network will not be effected The Download Upload menu is accessed from the main menu Downloading is used to load the flash memory within the switch The Download Upload menu displays two download choices The two choices are TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol Download Upload and the Serial Link Download console You can also use TFTP transfers to store or retrieve the complete set of switch configuration parameters Download Upload Serial Link Download TFTP Download Upload Return to previous menu Serial Link Download Displays the Serial Link Download screen TFTP Download Upload Displays the TFTP Download Upload screen CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 138 Serial Link Download Screen Serial Link download is for downloading via the Out of Band management port The Serial Link Download screen is shown below Serial Link Download Main Image Download Return to previous menu Proceed as described below to update the switch software 1 Use a terminal emulation program which supports the X modem protocol Insert the upgrade disk in your terminal emulator drive If you have not already done so start a console session Select Download Upload on the main menu 2 3 4 5 Select Serial Link Download 6 Select Main Image Download 7 Confirm the download The dow
158. ll Olicom s support services can be obtained from our anonymous FTP server software updates application notes quick fixes etc To connect open an FTP session to Europe ftp olicom dk USA ftp olicom com Internet World Wide Web Server WWW The Olicom WWW server contains up to date information about Olicom products newsletters and press releases It also contains addresses of all Olicom offices and support centers worldwide Our software library contains the latest driver and software revisions The WWW server can be accessed using the following web addresses Europe _ http www olicom dk USA http www olicom com Olicom Support WEB The Olicom Support WEB contains technical support hints driver and software updates a problem report form and support news Europe _http www olicom dk USA http www olicom com Select Services amp Support from the main menu to access the area with technical support hints and problem report form registration CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Getting in Touch with Technical Support 204 Problem Report Form Fill in both sides of this Problem Report Form print out the relevant system configuration files and fax or mail to Olicom Technical Support You can also fill in and send a Problem Report Form from Olicom s web site on the Internet Switch Information Switch type Hardware revision Software version Swi
159. lnet Sessions Telnet Sessions Return to previous menu Return to Previous Menu Returns to the Console Configuration menu Number of Telnet Sessions Allowed Limits the number of Telnet sessions Numbers allowed are from to 5 Highlight this selection press ENTER and enter the number Default is 5 Disallow New Telnet Session Choose Yes or No to allow or disallow a new Telnet session Press ENTER at this selection use arrow keys to highlight Yes or No and then press ENTER again Terminate All Active Telnet Sessions If you highlight this selection and press ENTER all Telnet sessions are terminated CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 134 Telnet Sessions This item opens the Telnet Sessions screen that displays the status of Remote and Local Telnet sessions Note You cannot select Number of Telnet Sessions Allowed Disallow New Telnet Sessions or Terminate All Active Telnet Sessions if you are accessing the configuration program via Telnet Telnet Sessions Screen The Telnet Sessions screen is shown below Telnet Sessions Remote Local Index Box IP Port IP Port Status 1 1 194 255 112 126 1664 172 16 235 237 23 OPEN Close Session Return to previous menu Index Numerical order of entries Box The box number ID of the switch in a stack Remote Lists the IP address and the port number of the Remote Telnet session Local
160. lows redundant network paths to be No single point of failure The duplicate STP modes allow defined in both SRB operation in both transparent and transparent and source route bridging switching modes configurations IBM When in SRB SRT Same as above and in addition mode a combination ensures compatibility in IBM of IBM spanning tree SRB installations and IEEE 802 1D is used Table 12 Spanning Tree Protocol CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 38 Management Feature Function Benefit SNMP Can be configured Allows integration into any and managed using SNMP based management SNMP management environment station VLAN support Ensures the Eases network wide availability of ahigh administration by enabling number of switched ports to be grouped together in port based VLANs a logical way Provides for an enterprise performance and security network control Enables effective broadcast control HP OpenView for Full Graphical HP Allows full graphical Windows OpenView for integration into HP OpenView Additional Network Windows management environments Management management applications available application for Unix platforms HP OpenView NNM for HP UX and Tivoli TME 10 NetView for AIX Telnet management Allows management from a any LAN station via Telnet Makes management flexible by
161. mmunity Strings Trap Receivers Display the Configuration Menu Send Authentication Traps Indicates whether SNMP should issue an authentication trap to trap receivers whenever an unauthorized request is detected Default Yes Enable RMON Statistics Enables the gathering of a subset of the RMON statistics from the RMON MIB The default setting is No The statistics collected are Token Ring Statistics History See detailed description of RMON Support on page 28 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 185 Community Strings Changes the community string table The community string is the name associated with the switch and a set of SNMP managers Entries in the table are saved across resets and power cycles Trap Receivers Displays table of managers to which traps are sent Entries in the table are saved across resets and power cycles Community Strings Screen Use the Community Strings screen to configure the community string for the switch The community string is the name associated with the switch and a set of SNMP managers allowed to manage it with the specified privilege level Community Strings Index Community Name Mode 1 public Read 2 private Read Write Add Entry Delete Entry Change Entry Clear Table Return to previous menu Note Text within the community string is upper lower case sensitive Entries are displayed
162. mula Path cost 1000 LAN speed in Mbps If two ports to the root have the same path cost the STP device selects the one with the highest priority lowest value an arbitrary value that you assign To block traffic on a particular segment assign it low port priority high value If more ports have the same priority value assigned the lowest port number will be selected CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 98 IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol STP When the IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol is active a port within that domain will require several seconds to make the transition from the blocking state to the forwarding state when the port is initially activated e g joins an existing ring or activates a dedicated link Some client or server applications may attempt to establish session activity during this time resulting in error messages indicating a connection failure These applications should be configured to wait at least 30 seconds after the LAN link is active before attempting to establish session activity This delay can be reduced by modifying the 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol default parameters If STP is enabled on a dedicated port and a station is attached to it it takes at least 30 seconds for the port to transition Down Listening Learning gt Forwarding The IPX client and server stations may have given up before then And the first many PINGs get l
163. n Access Protocol Response Response to protocol request This field displays the value of the Access Protocol Response subvector X OF received from the Registration Response MAC frame Possible values are Access Denied and FDX Wire Fault Station Individual Address Count This field displays the number of individual addresses supported by the MAC and used in the Individual Address Count subvector X 21 This field will always display the value Station Phantom Drive Support This field displays the MAC s support of Phantom Drive and Wire Fault detection It indicates the value of the SPV PD variable and the value of the Phantom subvector X 0C used in the Registration Request MAC frame This field will always display Ph Drv Wire Fault for Phantom Drive and Wire Fault support CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 164 CPort Phantom Drive Mask This field displays the value of the C Port policy variable PPV PD_MASK It represents the Phantom Drive and Wire Fault detection methods supported by the C Port Possible values are RI RO and Not RI RO Common Access Protocol Mask This field displays which access protocols can be supported by the PMAC It displays the value of the PPV AP_MASK Possible values for this field are TKP TXI and TKP TXI Common Policy Flags This field displays the station policy flags as a hexadecimal value of the form OXHHHH CrossFire 8
164. n Ring Switch CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch Location of LEDs Switches and Connectors on CrossFire 8600 2 2 222005 Location of LEDs Switches and Connectors on CrossFire 8605 2222000 Multiple Conversations Through a CrossFire 8600 or CrossFire 8605 Switch Typical Configuration with Switches Using Multiple Bridging Modes A Switch Configured with Two VLANs Typical LAN Segmentation A Simple Application of the Switch Typical Network without the CrossFire Switches Relieving the Overstressed Backbone Replacing SRBs with CrossFire 8600 or CrossFire 8605 Star Wired Topology of Interconnected Switches Removing the Universal Expansion Slot Cover Exposing the Rack Mounting Bracket Mounting the Switch ina Rack or Cabinet Connecting Devices to Token Ring Ports Connecting using Building Wiring The Back Panel of the Switch View of Console Connection the MANAGEMENT port Switch with four VLANs Setting up CrossLinks TIA EIA 232 Null Modem Cable for the 25 pin Connector TIA EIA 232 Null Modem Cable for the 9 pin Connector Straight Through Cable Data Connector to RJ 45 Straight Through Cable CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 7100016
165. n all 20 fiber ports and on fiber expansion modules Passive this value is not user selectable and will be displayed if the port has been selected as a passive monitoring port on the Switched Port Analyzer screen D Note Connecting to other Non IEEE 802 5j compliant fiber devices When connecting ports on the CrossFire 8605 or on a fiber module CrossFire 8611 to non IEEE 802 5j compliant devices typically older fiber equipment such as the Olicom OC 3610 CAU the switch fiber ports should manually be configured to RI RO mode in order to make sure that a connection can be established If the other fiber equipment supports FDX connections such as the CrossFire 8100 Token Ring Switch the switch fiber ports should manually be set to FDX port mode in order to make an FDX fiber connection Note When connecting one switch to another switch using the CrossFire 8611 UEM one end of the fiber connection must be manually configured as ADAPTER and the other end as PORT in the Port Configuration menu Forwarding Mode Forwarding mode that will be used to transmit frames Possible values are auto cut through and store amp forward The default is auto If the forwarding mode is set to auto the actual mode will depend on the number of errors that occur during the sampling interval If the error rate is below the error low threshold then cut through mode is used If the error rate is above the error high threshold then store amp forward i
166. nd connect the clip to an unpainted surface of the chassis frame To properly guard against ESD damage and shocks the wrist strap and cord must operate effectively If no wrist strap is available ground yourself by touching the metal part of the chassis D Caution For safety periodically check the resistance value of the antistatic strap which should be between 1 and 10 MQ CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 46 Site Requirements Following are the site requirements for installation Environment Choose a clean dust free preferably air conditioned location Avoid direct sunlight heat sources or areas with high levels of EMI Electromagnetic Interference Chassis Accessibility Make sure the front and back panel of the equipment is accessible so that you can monitor the LED indicators and access the control switches Leaving enough clearance at the front and back will also allow easier cabling and service Cooling and Airflow Two fans which are located at the left side of the switch cool the interior by drawing air through vents on the left side and forcing heated air out through holes in the right side If the internal temperature exceeds 50 C 112 F a temperature error is reported to the console Caution To protect the equipment from overheating do not operate it in an area that exceeds the maximum recommended ambient temperature of 40 C 104 F T
167. necting using building wiring 62 features 6 operation modes 24 specifications 12 trademarks ii traffic monitoring for ports 193 transmission priority queues 25 Transmit Buffer Overflows parameter 155 transparent switching principles 21 Trap Receivers screen 187 traps for CrossLinks 191 general 188 perport 189 supported 188 TrBRF 209 on Local VLAN Configuration screen 93 TrBRF TrCRF on the VLAN Configuration screen 89 TrCRF 209 trivial file transfer protocol TFTP general description 139 troubleshooting 195 choosing the right procedure 196 getting in touch with support 201 innetwork 195 UEMs 195 twisted pair cable pin outs 214 TXI 209 TXI Information screen 161 typical uses of the CrossFire 8600 8605 switches 50 U UAA 209 UEM 209 UEMs 7 UES 209 UNA 209 universal expansion slots 7 unpacking 57 before installation 48 Up Time of module on Module Information screen 86 Upstream Neighbor parameter 160 Index index 12 UTP 209 V View Port Filters screen 120 Virtual LAN configuration 87 VLAN 209 VLAN Address Table screen 170 VLAN configuration general description 87 VLAN Configuration menu 88 VLAN Configuration screen 89 VLAN ID parameter 90 92 VLAN Name parameter 91 92 VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrBRF screen 92 VLAN Parameter Configuration for TrCRF screen 90 VLAN Route Descriptor Table screen 171 VLAN statistics 178 VLAN Statistics for TrBRF screen 179 VLAN Statistics for TrCRF scr
168. nfiguration via TFTP Scalability and High Availability Up to 5 500 active LAN stations per group of four ports 1 4 5 8 9 12 13 16 17 20 with a maximum of 10 000 active LAN stations per switch Stackable architecture Optional redundant power supply High density switch with seamless integration of LAN amp ATM via LAN emulation bridging Installation No special crossover cable required Rack or surface mounting Plug and Play for transparent forwarding Automatic learning of network configuration Transparent to high level protocol Automatic sensing and configuration of ports e A factory assigned MAC address the switch can also be configured with a locally administered MAC address CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications 12 Specifications The tables on the following pages list the product specifications for the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 Capacity Specification Value Number of Token Ring ports 20 base configuration Maximum number of 8 additional Token Ring ports in expansion modules Number of Token Ring 8 using the CrossFire 8300 Switch Stacker switches in stack 5 using the CrossFire 8635 Internal Stacker Module 2 using the CrossFire 8630 Stacker Link Module Maximum number of Token 224 using the CrossFire 8300 Switch Stacker Ring ports in stack 140 using the CrossFire 8635 Internal Stack
169. ng that the station is congested Frame Copied Errors This counter is incremented when a station recognizes a frame addressed to its specific address and detects that the FS field A bits are set to 1 indicating a possible line hit or duplicate address Token Errors This counter is incremented when a station acting as the active monitor recognizes an error condition that needs a token transmitted Soft Errors The number of Soft Errors the port has detected It directly corresponds to the number of Report Error MAC frames that this port has transmitted Soft Errors are those which are recoverable by the MAC layer protocols CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 158 Hard Errors The number of times this port has detected an immediately recoverable fatal error It denotes the number of times this port is either transmitting or receiving beacon MAC frames Signal Loss The number of times this port has detected the loss of signal condition from the ring Transmit Beacons The number of times this port has transmitted a beacon frame Recoveries The number of Claim Token MAC frames received or transmitted after the port has received a Ring Purge MAC frame This counter signifies the number of times the ring has been purged and is being recovered back into a normal operating state Lobe Wires The number of times the port has detected an open or short circuit in
170. nged CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 84 Time of Day An internal clock is used to calculate total time of operation and time of day To adjust the time select this item press ENTER then enter the month day hour or minute Note If you cannot set the Time of Day the lithium battery may need replacing If this is the case contact your local reseller Stack Configuration Screen To view additional switch information select Stack Configuration on the Switch Configuration screen The Stack Configuration screen is displayed Stack Configuration Number of Boxes 1 Local Box Number 1 Remote Box Number s None Stack Time out sec 16 Stack State Not Operational Stack Connection Not Connected Display the Configuration Menu The following information is displayed on this screen Number of Boxes Number of switches currently participating in the stack Information in this field cannot be changed Local Box Number Number assigned to the switch to which the console is connected The local box is also the source of the information displayed on this screen Information in this field cannot be changed CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 85 Remote Box Number s Number of switches in addition to this one in the stack Information in this field cannot be changed Stack Time out If a switch goes off line
171. nitoring CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 40 Filtering Feature Function Benefit MAC address Allows filtering Preserves available network based on frame bandwidth by restricting traffic source and from propagating beyond the destination MAC needed limits Enables addresses enhanced network security policies to be established Logical Link Allows filtering Same as above Control LLC based on LLC DSAP SNAP parameters DSAP Destination Source Access Point and SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol Table 15 Filtering CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation Connectivity Options 41 Feature Function Benefit CrossLink high speed inter switch connection up to 256 Mbps using Allows CrossFire Token Ring switches to be interconnected using 1 8 switch Provides easy and scalable switch inter connection eight ports ports Stackable Stack Products Allows several switches to be 3 possibilities Needing stacked accommodating A 2 switch stack A 2 x 8630 switch scalability up to 224 B 5 switch stack B x 8635 and switched Token Ring ports C 8 switch stack 4 x 8630 C 1 x 8300 and 8 x 8630 Optional redundant power supply Up to six switches can receive backup power from one CrossFire 8310 Redundant Power supply fully e
172. nload takes approximately 12 minutes at 9600 baud Note there is no validation of the image before the flash is updated 8 Start the X modem download on the terminal D Note Do not interrupt the download or the image will be corrupted and needs to be reloaded During the download the DIAG LED on the switch will be blinking 9 When the download is complete you will be prompted to reset the switch Press Y to confirm the reset The procedure is now complete If the download was interrupted or the image was invalid the switch will discover this during startup and a new serial download must be performed prior to normal operation CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 139 TFTP TFTP is not invoked automatically on the switch as it is on certain other network devices such as a diskless workstation This is because there should normally be a functional software image in flash memory and therefore TFTP is not a standard part of the switch bootup procedure under normal circumstances TFTP is intended for use during software upgrades and once a new image is installed there should be no need for TFTP until the next software upgrade is installed In view of this the TFTP function in the switch is designed as an explicitly requested operation with operator settable parameters Note that changes to these parameters may be altered and will be used when starting a download in the display h
173. nt bridging algorithm or the SRT algorithm and will block a port of one of the switches in the parallel paths If the port in the primary path fails the port that has been blocked will change automatically to the forwarding state keeping the network operational ow 2 DP Hesiecieeiee Hee eee al ee Sn D EREE secieciecioe T AE correer i l ess a ieeieeieeiee P m oan O L CITECEN Pe teenie ce sas O Te ete cieeiee T PET O MN T T E iy B a1 O Teeteeiesiees H en O mma remesesee i a P co er Figure 13 Star Wired Topology of Interconnected Switches CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 4 55 Installation This chapter contains step by step instructions for installing connecting and verifying that the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch is operating properly Required Network Preparation Frame Length Limit The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 both support a maximum physical frame length of 18 192 bytes from the Frame Control FC to the Frame Check Sequence FCS characters This corresponds to a Maximum Transfer
174. o prevent airflow restriction you must allow at least 7 6 cm 3 of clearance around chassis openings for proper airflow Power The source electrical outlet should be installed near the switch be easily accessible and be properly grounded Also observe the following power cable considerations before you begin installation of the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch 1 The socket outlet shall be installed near the equipment and shall be easily accessible 2 To prevent electrical shock the power cord set used must comply with national regulations 2a The female receptacle of the cord must meet CEE 22 requirements CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 47 2b The cord must be UL listed CSA labelled and consist of three conductors with a maximum of 15 feet in length Type SVT or SJT cord sets shall be used for units which stand on a desk or table Type SJT cord sets shall be used for units which stand on floor 2c The male plug for units operating at 115 VAC shall consist of a parallel blade grounding type attachment plug rated 15 A 125 VAC The male plug for units operating at 230 VAC shall consist of a tandem blade grounding type attachment plug rated 15 A 250 VAC The male plug for units operating at 230 VAC outside of the United States and Canada shall consist of a grounding type attachment plug rated 15 A 250 VA
175. oken Ring networks Alternative technologies for addressing bandwidth demands present yet other inhibitors usually relating to costs Token Ring switching provides users with an easy cost effective technique for addressing these demands Token Ring switches such as the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 increase throughput between Token Ring segments by supporting simultaneous parallel conversations Switched connections between Token Ring segments last only for the duration of the packet new connections can be made between different segments for the next packet Token Ring switches solve congestion problems caused by high bandwidth devices and powerful applications as well as the number of users Therefore each of these devices servers for example can be assigned its own 16 Mbps segment In Token Ring networks the major bottleneck is typically the throughput to high bandwidth devices such as servers and between routers bridges and switches An effective solution is full duplex communication an option for each segment connected to a CrossFire 8600 or a CrossFire 8605 port Normally Token Ring operates in half duplex communication mode which means stations can either receive or transmit With full duplex technology two communicating stations can transmit and receive at the same time When packets can flow in both directions simultaneously effective Token Ring bandwidth doubles from 16 Mbps to 32 Mbps The CrossFire 8600 an
176. on mode Full duplex concentrator port Connects to a single station or to another switch in full duplex mode This is also known as Transmit Immediate TXI port mode e Full duplex station emulation Connects to another Token Ring switch This is also known as Transmit Immediate TXI station mode RI RO like connection The mode of operation can be configured manually or sensed automatically with the exception of RI RO when equipment is connected to the port The media speed 4 or 16 Mbps can also be manually configured or automatically sensed in all port modes RI RO Like Connection On CrossFire 8600 a RI RO like connection is available on fiber expansion ports and on ports 19 and 20 On CrossFire 8605 a RI RO like connection is possible on all the 20 fiber ports and on fiber expansion ports This feature allows the switch to connect to CAU LAM systems using the RI RO connections thus providing a RI RO like functionality This enables the switch to be easily installed in existing Token Ring networks A loop back function has been implemented on these ports so that if the port is disabled or the switch is powered off there will not be a break in the attached main ring This means that attaching a cable from the RI port of a MAU port to one of the two switch ports in effect joins the primary and the backup ring ina MAU CAU main ring system Connecting the other end of the RI RO connection to the other switch port creates
177. onitored port to up to two monitor ports you can specify a dedicated monitor port for traffic received on the monitored port and a different monitor port for traffic transmitted on the monitored port You must use two monitor ports if the monitored port operates in FDX mode To configure a Switched Port Analyzer port select Switched Port Analyzer Configuration on the Configuration menu The Switched Port Analyzer Configuration screen is then displayed see the next page CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring Port Traffic 194 Number to Monitor Number to Monitor Number to Monitor Switched Port Analyzer Active Monitoring 25 4 Passive Monitoring Monitors receive traffic for a FDX port or all traffic for a HDX port Monitors transmit traffic for a FDX port or all traffic for a HDX port Return to previous menu The following information is displayed on this screen Port Number Port to which the network analyzer or RMON probe will be attached D Note This port should be assigned to its own TrCRF For information about assigning ports to a TrCRF see VLAN Configuration on page 87 Port To Monitor The port that will be monitored To Select Then Change the current settings The appropriate parameter Specify the value Disable the Switched Port Analyzer port Port to Monitor Specify 0 Save your changes Ret
178. ootP the first time BootP Always In this state IP is enabled for the VLAN but will not function fully on boot until a BootP reply has been received If a non zero IP address is stored in NVRAM for a given VLAN in this state when booted it is cleared to 0 0 0 0 since it would never be used gt Note For the default TrBRF the value is BootP when Needed For all the other VLANs the default is JP Disabled Send PING Prompts you to enter an IP address IP address must be entered and the IP subnet mask must be set The system then sends a PING to that address Note that if you have just set the IP address you must press ENTER and select the menu again before a PING can be sent CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 96 BootP Requests and Parameters When using BootP to determine its IP address the switch repeats BootP requests at regular intervals beginning at one second each and eventually decreasing to every five minutes over time until it receives a valid reply If the IP display for the VLAN is accessed from the console or via Telnet from another VLAN during that time the switch may cease using BootP if the parameters are set on display exit in such a way that BootP would no longer be necessary for instance if the IP state is switched from BootP Always to IP Disabled or if an IP address different from 0 0 0 0 or 192 0 2 1 is specified in any IP state Once the switch ha
179. or bridge because the target station has not sent any response frames Ports Ports of the switch whose address table includes this route descriptor CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 170 VLAN Address Table screen To view the entries in the address table for each CRF select VLAN Address Table on the Address Tables screen and select the desired TrCRF The VLAN Address Table screen is displayed below The entries are listed in the order in which they were encountered ULAN Address Table trerf default Address Type Ports Filtered high lighted Trunks Bold 660683 CO4E65 Known TR Port 25 25 Search Return to previous menu For a description of the fields and their meanings see the section Master Address Table Screen above CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 171 VLAN Route Descriptor Table Screen To view the entries in the route descriptor table for each VLAN select VLAN Route Descriptor Tables on the Address Table menu and specify the desired TrCRF The VLAN Route Descriptor Table screen is displayed below ULAN Route Descriptor Table trerf default Route hex Type Ports Filtered high lighted Trunks Bold 560 1 3 Known TR Port 25 25 Return to previous menu For a description of the fields and their meaning see the section Master Route Descriptor Table
180. orer rate throttling Ring Number Mismatch Indicates the number of times that an incoming frame did not correctly include the port s ring number Config Loss Number of configuration loss events after the port has completed the join process and then lost communication Config Loss Reason Latest Config Loss error code Possible values are None Wire Fault Wire fault CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 156 Lobe Test Lobe test failure HDX in FDX HDX MAC frame received in FDX mode Heart Beat Heart beat failure FDX New Sta FDX new station Auto Disable reason Last Reset Time since last reset of port statistics 802 5 Statistics Screen This screen provides IEEE 802 5 statistics Port 25 862 5 Statistics Line Errors Burst Errors AC Errors Abort Transmit Errors Internal Errors Lost Frame Errors Receive Congestion Frame Copied Errors Token Errors Port is Forwarding Soft Errors Hard Errors Signal Loss Transmit Beacons Recoveries Lobe Wires Removes Singles Frequency Errors Return to previous menu Line Errors This counter is incremented when a frame or token is copied or repeated by a station the E bit is zero in the frame or token and one of the following conditions exists 1 there is a non data bit J or K bit between the SD and the ED of the frame or token or 2 there is
181. ost In general STP should not be enabled on ports which are intended for dedicated stations Shared media do not have the same problem because the port will stay attached to the Hub even though all stations have closed Another reason for not enabling STP on dedicated ports is that the whole network will go into Topology Change state each time a station opens or closes This will cause the whole network to use short aging timers so all address tables will be trashed The result is a lot of unknown station broadcasts before the tables converge again To disable STP on a port select the STP Mode Forwarding for this port Refer to the STP Mode parameter on page 104 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 99 Spanning Tree for TrBRF Screen When you select Spanning Tree from the Configuration menu a list containing available TrBRF VLANs appears Choose a TrBRF to view or edit from the list before continuing When you have selected a TrBRF TrCRFs and ports associated with the BRF may be selected for modification Spanning Tree for TrBRF trbrf default STP Participation No IEEE STP uses Bridge Functional Address No Bridge Priority 32768 Bridge Hello Time in Seconds 2 Bridge Maximum Message Age in Seconds 26 Bridge Forward Delay in Seconds 15 TrCRF amp Port Spanning Tree Parameters Display the Configuration Menu STP Participation Whether this TrBRF par
182. otorized devices and fluorescent lights Avoid trip hazards by routing the cables away from aisles and other areas where people walk If such routes cannot be avoided use floor cable covers or similar material to secure and protect the cables Be sure that the cables connected to the switch are supported so that the cable connectors are not excessively strained On CrossFire 8600 use a Category 3 or better UTP cable or a 150 ohm STP or STP A cable with an impedance matching balun at each end On CrossFire 8605 the 20 fiber ports use VF 45 connectors Note that these are not compatible to the fiber ST Duplex connectors on the CrossFire 8611 TokenRing UEM Standard converter cables are needed Connecting Devices to the Token Ring Ports If you will not be using building wiring in the wall cables to connect the device to the switch perform the following steps If you will be using building wiring follow the steps beginning with step 1 on page 62 Follow these steps to connect one or more devices to the Token Ring ports on the switch 1 If you have a UEM connect it using the instructions in the documentation shipped with it and then return here Using the switch Cabling Chart provided by your network administrator as a guide connect the cables between the switch and other devices as illustrated in Figure 17 Note that the figure illustrates an RJ 45 connector on each end Depending on the cable type you use the device end of
183. ou for the necessary parameters The Configure Filters screen is displayed below Configure Filters Index MAC Address Type Applied Ports Exit Ports 660683 661234 block src 666683 66123A block dest 666683 66123B block src 666683 66123D allow dest 666683 66123E allow src Zoom Hore Add Entry Delete Entry Clear Table Applied Ports shows trunks as bold Filters are not applied to trunks Return to previous menu Index The number index MAC Address MAC address contained in packets to be filtered See a detailed description of MAC addresses on page 81 Type Possible types are listed below Block any packet with Source Address Block Sre That is any packet from that specific address is blocked from entering the specified port s Block any packet with Destination Address Block Dest Any packet with the specified destination address is blocked at the specified port s CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 118 Allow any packet with Source Address Allow Src Ifa packet is received from a specific address it is allowed to go to the specified port s This feature is used in conjunction with port security Allow any packet with Destination Address Allow Dest Ifa packet is sent to a specific address it is allowed to go to the specified port s This feature is used in conjunction with port security Allow any packet wit
184. owever they are not recorded until the display is exited normally The TFTP Download Upload menu is accessed through the main menu From the main menu select Download Upload and then select TFTP Download Upload TFTP Download Upload Screen The following is an example of the TFTP Download Upload screen Note that this screen may contain additional items depending on the modules installed TFTP Download Upload TFTP Server Address 6 6 0 6 Download ULAN trbrf default Main Image Download Configuration Files Download Configuration Files Upload Return to previous menu TFTP Server Address The address of the host serving as the TFTP server Download VLAN The VLAN name through which the download is attempted CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 140 Main Image Download Configuration Files Download Configuration Files Upload Select the required function and input the path and filename of the file the switch attempts to download or upload as it is to be received and interpreted by the TFTP server The security mode in use on the TFTP server may affect this function Note By using Download VLAN s default gateway if it has one the file can be downloaded from another network anywhere on the Internet from which the VLAN can get packets routed even another directly connected VLAN In the latter case the switch will actually load or attempt to load throug
185. owing main elements as listed below Switching Bus the architecture of the switch centers around the AXIS bus a 520 Mbps switching fabric through which all switched ports communicate The AXIS bus is a partially asynchronous time division multiplexed bus used for switching packets between heterogeneous LAN modules Token Ring Ports each port can attach to a classical Token Ring segment or to a dedicated station Now users running basic applications are able to share bandwidth and users running bandwidth intensive applications can receive their own dedicated 16 Mbps port Each dedicated port can also be set up in full duplex communication mode so that each 16 Mbps port doubles to 32 Mbps Expansion Modules each switch supports two expansion modules These modules include RJ 45 or fiber ports to provide up to eight additional 16 Mbps ports or high speed connections such as 155 Mbps ATM to provide two ATM Ring connections for servers or backbone connectivity Stack Link Module the switch supports a stack link module that can be used to connect two switches from the CrossFire 8600 series in a back to back configuration Alternatively up to five switches can be connected together using and internal stacker module and up to eight switches can be connected together using the stack link module and an additional switch stack unit By connecting switches together through the stack link module the switches virtually combine to form
186. pport only one attached entity workstation or switch per connection In a Token Ring network the section of cable that attaches a device to an access unit is called a lobe CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch The tables in this section specify the maximum supported lobe lengths for the types of cables listed below An additional 10 m 33 ft per lobe length is allowed to accommodate patch cables unless otherwise specified Ring Types Types Speed land 1A 2 and 2A Types Type 9 4 Mbps 750 m 2 460 ft 750 m 2 460 ft 376 m 1 234 ft 500 m 1 640 ft 16 Mbps 430 m 1 410 ft 430 m 1 410 ft 215 m 705 ft 295 m 968 ft 100 Mbps 90 m 295 ft Not Supported Not Supported Not Supported See the Note below D Note An additional 10 m 33 ft UTP 100 Ohm CAT 5 lobe length and a maximum of two UTP STP converters without impedance transformation is allowed to accommodate connection to the STP cabling The UTP STP converter must be specified for 100 MHz operation Table 28 Lobe Length for 150 Ohm Shielded Media Ring Speed 100 Ohm Type 3 100 Ohm Category 3 4 Mbps 100 m 328 ft 250 m 820 ft 16 Mbps Not Supported 100 m 328 ft 100 Mbps Not supported Not Supported Table 29 Lobe Lengths for 100 Ohm Shielded or Unshielded Cable CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Cable and Pin Information
187. ption 23 Autobaud Upon Break parameter 131 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 index 1 B back panel 64 connectors 68 BBS 202 beacon frame number of times received by port 158 Beacon Physical Drop Number parameter 162 Beacon Source Address parameter 162 Beacon UNA parameter 162 benefits of CrossFire 8600 8605 32 BLK 207 block value on the Port Filtering Attributes screen 123 board ID of module on Module Information screen 86 Board Temperature parameter 149 BootP parameters 96 requests 96 BootP Always state value for IP State parameter 95 BootP When Needed state value for IP State parameter 95 BPDU 207 BRF 207 BRF state 92 Bridge Hello Time in Seconds parameter 100 Bridge ID parameter 172 175 Bridge Maximum Message Age in Seconds parameter 100 Bridge Number parameter 93 Bridge Priority parameter 100 Bridging Mode parameter 91 Broadcast Frames Received parameter 154 building wiring connecting devices to token ring ports 62 bulletin board service technical support 202 Burned in MAC Address parameter 81 burst errors on 802 5 Statistics screen 156 C cabinet mounting switchesin 59 cables distances 49 length rules 217 pin information 211 Index index 2 pin outs of MANAGEMENT port 212 types of 215 cabling instructions 61 recommendations 215 capacity specifications 12 CAU 207 cautions iii Cfg Loss Sampling Interval parameter 108 Cfg Loss Threshold parameter 108 chassis
188. quipped with six CrossFire 8311 power supply units Note that CrossFire 8311 is not hot swappable Gives a high degree of resilience to power supply failures when used in critical applications Table 16 Connectivity Options CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 42 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 43 3 Preparing for Installation Before installing the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch read this chapter carefully The following topics are discussed in this chapter Safety Recommendations starting on this page Site Requirements starting on page 46 e Unpacking and Inspecting starting on page 48 Safety Recommendations Follow these guidelines to ensure general safety during and after the installation Keep the chassis area clear and dust free during and after installation Keep tools away from walk areas where you and others could trip over them Do not wear loose clothing that could get caught in the chassis Fasten your tie or scarf and roll up your sleeves Wear safety glasses when working under any conditions that might be hazardous to your eyes Do not perform any action that creates a potential hazard to people or makes the equipment unsafe Safety with Electricity Follow these guidelines wh
189. ree switching modes Low latency cut through Store and Forward Auto Adaptive cut through Enhanced bridging modes Transparent Bridging Source Route Switching Source Route Bridging SRB Source Route Transparent Bridging SRT Support for duplicate MAC address schemes Automatic port sensing of operating mode and media speed Multiple Token Ring port operation modes Half duplex concentrator and station Full duplex concentrator and station Dedicated Token Ring RI RO like connection Spanning Tree Protocol support IEEE 802 1D IBM Spanning Tree Protocol CrossLink high speed inter switch connection up to 256 Mbps using eight ports Advanced filtering MAC address Protocol VLAN support Support for transmission priorities Congestion control CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications 11 Management Extensive and sophisticated network management SNMP management Out of band management via Telnet and VT100 consoles Graphical management application for HP OpenView for Windows 95 and Windows NT for information on additional management applications for Unix please contact your local Olicom sales representative Support for RMON and standard MIBs Network statistics LAN probe port mirroring Fault isolation and detection Download via TFTP or X modem of new switch microcode Up and download of switch co
190. ristics Overview and Specifications 15 Specification Value Network management SNMP Management Platform Console Telnet sessions Switch Manager for HP OpenView for Windows 95 and NT Included in Olicom ClearSight Management System Additional management applications available on Unix platforms HP OpenView NNM for HP UX Tivoli TME 10 NetView for AIX Table 6 Specifications of Physical Characteristics CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications 16 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications 17 2 Switch Theory of Operation This chapter explains how the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch improve network performance The topics of this chapter are presented under the following titles How the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 Works starting on page 17 Benefits of the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 starting on page 32 How the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 Works The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 are both IEEE 802 5 compliant devices designed to boost throughput on Token Ring networks They operate as a Media Access Control MAC layer device that is protocol independent This chapter describes how the switch operates as a single stand alone unit The switch contains the foll
191. ristics 5 13 Physical Drop Number parameter 161 pininformation 211 PING sending 95 Port Address Table Aging screen 127 Port Configuration screen 105 port cost 173 176 port counters built in 29 Port Filtering Attributes screen 123 port operation mode on Port Status screen 151 Port Spanning Tree Parameters screen 103 Port Statistics menu 152 Port Status screen 150 port traffic overview with built in port counters 29 ports belonging toaTrCRF 178 connecting devicesto 61 connecting using building wiring 62 fiber ports on CrossFire 8605 6 filters 120 inCrossLink 112 114 MANAGEMENT port 5 monitoring traffic 193 operation modes 107 operation modes for token ring ports 24 spanning tree mode 104 switched port analyzer 193 token ring 6 12 ports status within spanning tree 176 power 13 applying 64 requirements for installation 46 Power On Diagnostics parameter 143 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 preparing for installation 43 priority of port on the Port Spanning Tree Parameters Screen 103 priority queues for transmission 25 Priority Threshold parameter 107 problems 195 choosing a troubleshooting procedure 196 communicating with console 71 communication between devices 195 getting in touch with support 201 problems with an expansion module 195 PROM 208 Protocol Class Assignment screen 122 protocol compatibility 14 Protocol Filters menu 121 R rack 13 mounting switches in 59 Receive Buffer
192. ronics Engineers CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Abbreviations 208 LAA LAN LAM LED LLC LRN LSN MAC MAU Mbps MIB MMF MTU NMS NNM NSR OBM PROM RMON RS SMP SNA SNAP SNMP Local Administrated Address Local Area Network Lobe Attachement Module Light Emitting Diode Logical Link Control Learning Listening Media Access Control Media Access Unit Megabits per second Management Information Base Multi Mode Fiber Maximum Transfer Unit Network Management System Network Node Manager Non Source Routed Out of Band Management Programmable Read Only Memory Remote Monitoring Recommended Standard Standby Monitor Present Systems Network Architecture Subnetwork Access Protocol Simple Network Management Protocol CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Abbreviations SPAN SRB SRS SRT STE STP TCP IP TIA TFTP TKP TrBRF TrCRF TXI UAA UEM UES UNA UTP VLAN WAN 209 Switched Port Analyzer Source Route Bridging Source Route Switching Source Route Transparent Bridging Spanning Tree Explorer Shielded Twisted Pair or Spanning Tree Protocol Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Telecommunications Industry Association Trivial File Transfer Protocol Token Passing Token Ring Bridge Relay Function Token Ring Concentrator Relay Function Transmit Immediate Universal
193. rror Low Threshold 108 Index Error Report Timer 161 Error Sampling Interval 108 Event Status 162 Explorer Overflow 155 Flash Memory Installed 83 Force AC Bits on SR Frames 106 Forward Delay 176 Forwarding Mode 107 Frame Errors 154 Frame Transmit Errors 149 Frames Filtered Addr 154 Frames Filtered DSAP 154 Frames Forwarded 153 Frames Lost 149 Frames Processed 154 Frames Received 149 154 Frames Transmitted 149 154 Frames Unknown 154 Functional Address 160 Hardware Flow Control 131 Hello Time 172 175 IEEE STP Uses Bridge Functional Address 100 Interface MAC Address 94 Invalid RIF RC Field 155 IP Address 94 187 IP State 95 Join State 162 Largest Number of Stations 149 154 178 179 Last Beacon Sent 160 Local Address Entries 154 Local Box Number 84 Long Frames 155 MAC Frames Forwarded 153 Max ARE Bridge Hop Count 91 Max Explorer Rate on Input 106 Max Message Age 173 176 Max STE Bridge Hop Count 91 Maximum Address Table Chain 149 Media Speed 106 MediaType 106 Min Transmit Priority 108 Monitor State 162 MTU 92 106 Multicast Frames Received 154 NSR Frames Forwarded 153 Number of Boxes 84 Number of Resets Since Diagnostics 142 149 Number of Telnet Sessions Allowed 133 Operation Mode 107 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 index 7 Parent VLAN 91 178 Pending Send Requests 149 Physical Drop Number 161 PId 173 Power On Diagnostics
194. s Port TrCRF Enabled Ins Oper Mode Fud Mode CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX port Store Fuwd CRF 166 Yes No CRF 166 Yes No CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX port Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes Yes HDX port Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes No CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX port Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX station Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX station Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX station Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX station Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX port Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes No CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX port Cut Thru CRF 166 Yes Yes FDX port Cut Thru Return to previous menu Port The port number TrCRF The name of the TrCRF to which the port is assigned TrBRF The name of the TrBRF to which the port is assigned Enabled Displays the current enabled status of the port Possible values are Yes and No Ins Indicates if the port is currently inserted into the ring Possible values are Yes and No Spd The Token Ring media speed Possible values are 4 and 6 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 151 Oper Mode The port operation mode Possible values are HDX port Half duplex mode in which only a dedicated connection to a station is supported The Tx Rx pinouts are the same as a concentrator s HDX station Half duplex mode in which the port operates like a station The connection may be dedicated or shared The Tx Rx pinouts are the same as an adapter s FDX port Full duplex mode in which onl
195. s all configuration parameters Follow these guidelines if you must clear NVRAM Ifyou are using the CrossLink feature be sure to disconnect the affected ports or disable them on the Port Configuration screen and reset the switch before clearing NVRAM Ifyou are using the STP option be aware that port costs and priorities will be lost which may result in loops Use the menus to reestablish port costs and priorities then reset the switch to make the new parameters take effect Ifyou are using an SNMP manager you will need to reconfigure all IP and SNMP parameters Power On Diagnostics This is a selectable option that determines whether diagnostics are or are not initiated during a switch power on sequence To change the selection highlight the item and press ENTER then select Enabled or Disabled and press ENTER Default Enabled CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 144 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 145 Monitoring the Network with the Console This chapter explains how to monitor the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch through a directly connected VT100 console or through a VT 100 telnet session To use SNMP in band through the network management see Chapter 8 Monitoring the Network with SNMP Topics discussed in this chapter Navigating within th
196. s also shown Frames Transmitted Number of frames transmitted by the CPU of the switch Frame Transmit Errors Number of errors recorded by the CPU when attempting to transmit frames Frames Received Number of frames received by the CPU Error Frames Received Number of frames received by the CPU that were corrupted or have CRC errors Frames Lost Number of frames dropped by the CPU due to exceeding the capacity of the software buffers Pending Send Requests Number of software transmitted packets that are waiting for queues to hardware Currently Active Stations Number of entries in the address table representing the number of currently active stations MAC addresses or nodes on all ports of the switch Largest Number of Stations The most stations MAC addresses ever active on all ports at one time since the last reset or power cycle Maximum Address Table Chain Largest number of MAC addresses that have hashed to the same location in the lookup tables Used for technical system evaluation and troubleshooting Address Table Full Number of times the hash table reached capacity Used for technical system evaluation and troubleshooting Reset Resets the switch statistics on this screen CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 150 Port Status Screen The Port Status screen provides a summary of the status of all Token Ring ports Port Statu
197. s data traffic to flow and subsequently closes This threshold is used to control the number of configuration losses that can occur within the Cfg Loss Sampling Interval When the threshold is exceeded the port is disabled and must be enabled via this screen or an SNMP manager Possible values are 00 The default value is 8 Cfg Loss Sampling Interval Specifies a sampling period in minutes The number of configuration losses occurring within this interval is compare to the Cfg Loss Threshold to determine if a port should be disabled Possible values are 7 60 minutes The default value is 10 Note If you change any configuration parameters of a connected port the port will close and reopen and you will lose all address information and statistics for that port CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 109 Switched Port Analyzer Menu The Switched Port Analyzer screen is accessed from the Configuration menu This screen and its submenus are presented in Chapter 9 Monitoring Port Traffic CrossLink A CrossLink connection is used to improve interswitch bandwidth A CrossLink is used to connect two switches from the CrossFire 8600 series with two to eight links A CrossLink provides bandwidth of from 32 to 128 Mbps in half duplex mode or from 64 to 256 Mbps in full duplex mode CrossFire TOKEN RING SWITCH OC 8600 Lei ee ee Figure 22 Setting up CrossLinks The Cros
198. s not reset to 0 when nonvolatile RAM is cleared The following four items within the Reset screen are command functions that you can select and initiate by moving the highlight over the item and pressing ENTER Reset Switch With Diagnostics A reset function is initiated with this command It resets the switch hardware runs diagnostic tests clears all counters including address tables and restarts the switch When the switch reboots administrative parameters from non volatile memory are used to initialize the operational parameters This takes approximately 4 to 5 minutes Reset Switch Without Diagnostics This command resets the switch hardware clears all counters including address tables and starts the switch When the switch reboots administrative parameters from non volatile memory are used to initialize the operational parameters This procedure takes approximately 40 seconds CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 143 Reset Port Address Table Selecting this command clears all address table entries for a specified port user is queried for which port to reset sets port traffic counters to zero and sets Time Since Last Reset for this port to zero Clear Non Volatile RAM Selecting this command will erase all user configured parameters rate IP address information CrossLink Virtual Token Ring Switch STP and reset the switch Note Clearing NVRAM non volatile RAM erase
199. s stopped sending BootP requests on a VLAN it does not restart sending requests on that VLAN and does not recognize BootP responses on that VLAN unless the switch is reset Besides the switch s IP address several other parameters in a BootP response are also recognized and recorded in NVRAM when received in the same response Default Gateway see note below Subnet Mask TFTP Bootfile Name TFTP Server Address only recognized if the Bootfile name is present One other parameter the TFTP VLAN is inferred whenever a TFTP Bootfile name is present in the BootP response That is if the switch receives a BootP response that specifies a TFTP Bootfile name the switch automatically records the VLAN on which the response was received as the TFTP VLAN number Therefore the bootfile name should not be specified on a VLAN from which the TFTP server cannot be accessed either directly or through the VLAN s default gateway if one exists More information on TFTP is available under the section TFTP on page 139 in this chapter D Note The default gateway accepted is the first one in the list of routers whose net subnet address is the same as that of the IP address specified If no routers are specified or if none qualify the gateway address for the VLAN will be zeroed out and recorded as such in NVRAM when the IP screen is exited CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 97 SNMP Con
200. s used The store amp forward mode is always used for ports with a media speed of 4 Mbps Priority Threshold The highest Token Ring frame priority that will go to the low priority transmit queue Possible values are 0 7 The default value is 3 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 108 Min Transmit Priority The minimum Token Ring frame priority that will be used for transmits Possible values are 0 6 The default value is 4 Error High Threshold This field is only valid when Forwarding Mode is set to auto and is used to force a port to store amp forward mode when the percentage of errors detected in the Sampling Interval is more than the error high threshold Possible values are 0 100 percent The default value is 70 percent Error Low Threshold This field is only valid when Forwarding Mode is set to auto and is used to return a port to cut through mode when the percentage of errors detected in the Sampling Interval is less than the error low threshold Possible values are 0 100 percent The default value is 7 percent Error Sampling Interval This field is only valid when Forwarding Mode is set to auto and specifies a sampling period in minutes The sampling period is used when counting errors to determine a ports forwarding mode Possible values are 7 60 minutes The default value is 10 Cfg Loss Threshold Configuration loss occurs when a port completes a connection allow
201. sLink feature affects other switch features in the following ways Half duplex and full duplex A single CrossLink can include a combination of half duplex and full duplex connections for example a CrossLink containing three ports can have two full duplex and one half duplex connections However each pair of interconnected ports must both be either half duplex or full duplex Statistics reporting Statistics for the CrossLink are displayed for individual ports not for the CrossLink as a whole Station addresses are distributed among the ports in the CrossLink See Chapter 7 Monitoring the Network with the Console Address filtering Address filters are automatically added to every port in a CrossLink CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 110 The lowest numbered port of the CrossLink is called the primary port CrossLink software learns addresses differently than regular ports as follows New source address When a packet arrives at a CrossLink port with an unknown source address the system module creates an entry in the master table and the port table for the CrossLink The system module assigns the primary port in the CrossLink as the location of the address For additional source addresses the system module assigns locations alternately to other ports in the CrossLink When all ports in the CrossLink have at least one address assigned the system module starts ass
202. sired CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 101 Spanning Tree for TrCRF Screen When you select the TrCRF amp Port Spanning Tree Parameters item on the Spanning Tree for TrBRF screen you are presented with a screen showing the TrCRFs that have the currently selected TrBRF as parent When you select a TrCRF from the list the screen shown below is displayed Spanning Tree for TrCRF trerf default STP Mode TrBRF to TrCRF auto STP Priority 128 STP Cost 62 STP Participation TrCRF to ports No Switch Priority 32768 Switch Hello Time in Seconds 2 Switch Maximum Message Age in Seconds 268 Switch Forward Delay in Seconds 15 Port Spanning Tree Parameters Return to previous menu STP Mode TrBRF to TrCRF Determines the mode of the internal port from this TrCRF to its TrBRF Possible values are auto forwarding blocked If the parent TrBRF is participating in the spanning tree protocol then auto is the default and the protocol will be determined by the parent TrBRF If the TrBRF is not participating in the spanning tree protocol then forwarding is the default STP Priority Priority associated with the TrCRF The TrCRF with the lowest priority value has the highest priority and will forward the spanning tree frames The default is 728 The possible range is 0 through 255 decimal STP Cost Cost associated with the TrCRF The spanning tree protocol uses pa
203. splayed on the present screen State Whether the specified CrossLink is active or not Ports What ports are in that CrossLink CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 115 Address Filtering The Address Filtering feature enables you to restrict certain users from communicating with other users To do this you can specify source and destination MAC layer Token Ring addresses to be filtered at the source port Token Ring addresses can be unicast multicast or broadcast The advantage of address filtering is increased access control and network segmentation For example suppose one port is connected to a server containing confidential information from the engineering workgroup You can prevent access to the server by setting up filters for the addresses of connections from workgroups other than engineering This is an example of two types of filters allowing a source address engineering or blocking a source address es other workgroups Examples of different types of filters are allowing forcing or blocking packets from a source address or allowing forcing or blocking packets to a destination address For a detailed explanation of filter types see the Configure Filters Screen section within this chapter Observe the following guidelines when setting up address filters Use the Filters amp Port Security menu to create port filters Filters are port spec
204. ss of the switch The Switch Number Label Blank label for an individual user identification of the switch CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications Status and Activity LEDs The switch features three status LEDs on the front panel that show the current status of the switch Also on the front panel are three LEDs that show activity for the optional stacker link module In addition each Token Ring port has two LEDs On CrossFire 8600 these two LEDs are unlabelled and located on the upper edge of each port On CrossFire 8605 these LEDs are located under each port and labelled ACT and INS Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 in this chapter for the locations of all the LEDs Table 1 below lists the status LEDs and their meanings LED State Meaning PWR Off The switch is not connected to a power outlet or the power supply is faulty On The switch is receiving power DIAG On The DIAG diagnostics LED is on during the power on self test Blinking During download of a new software image the DIAG LED blinks to indicate the clearing slow blink and loading faster blink of FLASH memory ERR The ERR LED is off during normal operation If the LED turns on an error has occurred Power the switch down and up again The ERR LED should not turn on again If it does the switch is faulty Note that the ERR LED also t
205. stack Back to Back Two CrossFire 8600 series switches can be connected together by fitting each switch with the CrossFire 8630 Stacker Link module and connecting the switches together using an appropriate stacker link cable This simple connection doubles the number of ports available giving a total maximum of 56 ports Internal Stacker The CrossFire 8635 Internal Stacker Module can be inserted into the stacker port of a switch It allows up to four additional switches from the CrossFire 8600 series to be stacked together with the switch containing the CrossFire 8635 Each switch in the stack must be equipped with a CrossFire 8630 Stacker Link module and an appropriate stacker link cable This can result in a stack of as many as five CrossFire 8600 series switches supplying a total of up to 140 switched Token Ring ports The CrossFire 8635 Internal Stacker Module works as a common backplane switching fabric which provides 1 4 Gbps of aggregate bandwidth External Stacker The CrossFire 8300 Switch Stacker is an external stack unit that allows up to eight CrossFire 8600 series switches to be stacked together Each switch in the stack must be equipped with an CrossFire 8630 Stacker Link Module and an appropriate stacker link cable This can result in a total of up to 224 switched Token Ring ports The CrossFire 8300 Switch Stacker works as a common backplane switching fabric which provides 2 2 Gbps of aggregate bandwidth Note The CrossFire
206. stem request button on the switch As soon as garbled characters appear press the console s RETURN key twice in rapid succession Again try the other command keys as necessary If there is still a problem try the following steps 1 Check all of the cable connections 2 Check the baud rate at the console s set up screen if it is not set to 9600 try that setting 3 Try setting the console baud rate to different values up or down and pressing RETURN for each selection 4 If you are using a terminal emulation program try exiting the program and restarting 5 If you still can not get the connection to work contact technical support as described in Chapter 11 Getting in Touch with Technical Support Diagnostic Screen The diagnostic self test displays two different screens lists of information depending on whether you perform a cold boot power on cycle with full diagnostics or a warm boot a reset without full diagnostics During a cold boot the following abbreviated list is an example of messages depending upon several factors such as hardware options software version levels that appears on the console screen as the tests are performed The warm boot contains portions of the complete cold boot list The following is an example of a diagnostic screen during a boot process the actual screen may vary depending on such things as hardware options software version levels and other factors BootStrap
207. t on Port Status screen 151 optional redundant power supply 30 Out of Band Management port 5 211 cable pin outs 212 out of band network management 69 overview of switching technology 2 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 of the switches 1 of this manual xiii packet cost 174 177 parameters Active Monitor Participate 160 Address Chain Overflows 154 Address Format 83 Address Table Overflows 154 Aging Time 128 ARE Frames Forwarded 153 Authorized Function Classes 161 Autobaud Upon Break 131 Beacon Physical Drop Number 162 Beacon Source Address 162 Beacon UNA 162 Board Temperature 149 Bridge Hello Time in Seconds 100 Bridge ID 172 175 Bridge Maximum Message Age in Seconds 100 Bridge Number 93 Bridge Priority 100 Bridging Mode 91 Broadcast Frames Received 154 Burned in MAC Address 81 Cfg Loss Sampling Interval 108 Cfg Loss Threshold 108 Common Access Protocol Mask 164 Common Policy Flags 164 Community Name 186 187 Config Loss 155 Config Loss Reason 155 Configured MAC Address 81 Console Baud Rate 131 CPort Phantom Drive Mask 164 CRF 173 Currently Active Stations 149 178 179 DCst 177 Default Gateway 94 Delete Password 129 Demand Aging Level 128 Disallow New Telnet Session 133 DownLOAD VLAN 139 DRAM Installed 83 Duplicate Ring Number 155 Early Token Release 106 Enable RMON Statistics 184 Error Frames Received 149 Error High Threshold 108 E
208. t it will allow LAN Network Manager LLC frames to flow through the switch so that communication to existing LNM manageable hubs and source route bridges will be maintained Some error reporting functions and ring map functions might be lost for the rings attached to through the switch because a Token Ring Switch will not and should not forward MAC frames but only LLC frames between ports RMON Support RMON is an industry standard method for providing network statistics monitoring using SNMP It also collects fault performance and configuration statistics It can monitor continuously even when communication with the management station is not possible or efficient RMON can then notify the management station when an exceptional condition occurs In typical SNMP management the SNMP client has to continuously poll the switch for fault performance and configuration information waiting for the value to change This causes increased traffic through the network With RMON you can have the switch monitor a particular statistic internally and when the statistics reaches a threshold the switch will send a trap to the client This monitoring method reduces traffic between the SNMP client and the switch The following groups defined in the RFC 1757 RMON MIB are supported in the switch CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 29 The Statistics Group The Token Ring MAC Layer St
209. t all frames at high priority regardless of the FC byte contents CrossLink Connections Two switch stacks or switches may be interconnected by a number of parallel Token Ring connections up to 256 Mbps using eight ports The traffic between the switches will be shared between the connections Spanning Tree Protocol Support IBM initially supported only Source Route Bridging SRB in its bridges so most networks were built to use it The main consideration for SRB implementations in switches is the spanning tree algorithm for spanning tree explorers STEs IBM originally implemented a form of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE spanning tree algorithm This algorithm commonly referred to as the IBM spanning tree limits the STE frames to one copy per destination ring Some SRB implementations have also implemented the IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol to be compatible with SRT bridges The IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol is not compatible with the IBM Spanning Tree Protocol The switch supports both the IEEE 802 1D and IBM Spanning Tree Protocols CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation 26 VLAN Support The virtual LAN VLAN concept creates a virtual switch within a physical switch or stack of switches A VLAN consists of CRFs and has its own Bridge Relay Function attached Frames are not forwarded across VLANs and ring numbers must be unique within a VLAN
210. tch Configuration Port configuration Stack Configuration UEM Configuration Adapter Information Adapter type Operating system Network OS Driver name Driver version Company Name Address Country Phone Fax E mail CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Getting in Touch with Technical Support 205 Problem Description Network Installation Sketch m CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Getting in Touch with Technical Support 206 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Getting in Touch with Technical Support 207 Appendix A Abbreviations AMP ARE ARP ATM BLK BPDU BRF CAU CRF DSAP DIS DTE DTR EPROM EIA ESD FDX FSM FTP FWD HDX IEEE Active Monitor Present All Routes Explorer Address Resolution Protocol Asynchronous Transfer Mode Blocked Bridge Protocol Data Unit Bridge Relay Function Controlled Access Unit Concentrator Relay Function Destination Service Access Point Disabled Data Terminal Equipment Dedicated Token Ring Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Electronic Industry Association Electrostatic Discharge Full duplex Finite State Machine File Transfer Protocol Forwarding Half duplex Institute of Electrical and Elect
211. ted bandwidth to high speed file servers All servers perform better with dedicated 16 Mbps bandwidth Even better performance can be achieved by installing multiple adapters in the server By connecting these adapters to the switch multiple 16 Mbps paths to the server are created a solution that is only possible when using a switch The switch ties together all Token Ring devices lined to a local wiring center In networks where a significant portion of the traffic moves locally between client and server the switch can be very effective Switch of Hubs When network traffic increases beyond the capability of hubs contention results Applications suffer and may even fail The net effect of such a network configuration is that all devices share a single 16 Mbps data path thus reducing overall network efficiency The CrossFire 8600 and CrossFire 8605 can be very effective when used as a switch of hubs The switches can alleviate contention through microsegmentation or reducing the number of devices in each shared segment To provide microsegmentation the switches divides a single 16 Mbps segment into multiple 16 Mbps segments As an example a workgroup has 16 Mbps of capacity The 20 ports on the switches support 10 simultaneous conversations with 20 hubs thus providing the workgroup with 160 Mbps bandwidth throughput which results in a significant gain in bandwidth Switch of Desktops The CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605
212. ter Chapter 3 Preparing for Installation D Caution The following rack mounting instructions need to be observed to ensure that the switch and any other equipment are mechanically stable The following steps describe how to mount the switch in a rack or cabinet 1 Remove the bracket covers on each side of the switch to expose the rack mounting brackets Access to the retaining screws is obtained by opening the cap on the front of each bracket cover Use the Allen key supplied with the switch to remove the two 6 mm Allen screws When you have removed the screws push the bracket cover towards the back of the switch and lift the cover off Keep the screws for later use amp odicom 2 Cro Sana S Ea 00 00 mo E J aaa Figure 15 Exposing the Rack Mounting Bracket Before starting the next step be sure you have the proper hardware for mounting the chassis with the exposed brackets to your cabinet or rack CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 60 2 Position the switch with the exposed mounting brackets in the rack or cabinet and slide it up or down until the bracket holes line up with the rack holes Attach the chassis brackets to the rack using the Allen screws you removed above and the nuts supplied wit
213. tes the password The system prompts you to enter the present password before it allows you to change or delete the password If you are establishing a new password press ENTER at the Set Password prompt The password is saved across warm boots and power cycles Note If you have forgotten the password you can delete it by depressing the unlabeled SysReq button on the front panel of the switch for one second releasing it then selecting Point 4 Clear the system password CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 130 Console Telnet Sessions The following section describes how to establish a console or Telnet session Console Configuration Menu This menu lists items for configuring console and Telnet sessions The Serial Link Configuration console and Telnet Configuration items are selected by highlighting and pressing ENTER Console Configuration Serial Link Configuration Telnet Configuration Console Time Out Return to previous menu Serial Link Configuration An example of this screen and an explanation of its contents follows below Telnet Configuration An example of this screen and an explanation of its contents follows below Console Timeout A value that can be set to determine when the console session will timeout and return to the greeting menu If the value is set to zero the console will never time out Default is 5 minutes Note You cannot
214. th costs to determine which CRF to select as a forwarding CRF Therefore lower numbers should be assigned to CRFs that use faster media such as FDX or CrossLink and higher numbers should be assigned to CRFs that use slower media The possible range is 7 to 65 535 The default is 62 The recommended path cost is 1000 LAN speed in Mbps CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 102 STP Participation TrCRF to ports Whether this TrCRF participates in the spanning tree protocol and if so the protocol to be used Possible values are No IEEE and Cisco The default is No The recommended protocol is IEEE but if the TrCRF contains more than one port and the port s are connected to SRT bridges running the IEEE Spanning Tree Protocol using the IEEE group address then the Cisco protocol should be used If STP Participation is set to No then all ports belonging to this TrCRF will be set to forwarding mode You can then override this by blocking a particular port If STP Participation is set to JEEE or Cisco then the selected protocol will be used to determine the forwarding blocked mode of the ports that are configured with an STP mode of auto Switch Priority Priority value for this switch 0 through 65 535 The lower the priority value the higher the priority The bridge or switch with the lowest priority value in a spanning tree becomes the root The default is 32 768 To change in
215. th the Console 179 VLAN Statistics Screen for TrBRF The TrBRF VLAN Statistics screen is shown below ULAN Statistics trbrf default Currently Active Stations Largest Number of Stations Display Members Return to previous menu Currently Active Stations Number of MAC addresses currently in the master address table that are recognized as ports belonging to this domain Largest Number of Stations Largest number of MAC addresses in the master address table since the last reset or power cycle that are recognized by ports belonging to this domain Display Members Selecting this item will open a new screen that lists all TrCRFs that are members of the TrBRF CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 180 Diagnostic Test Results Screen The Diagnostic Test Results screen is a list showing whether errors or a specific diagnostic test has failed at a specified box switch This display is selected by highlighting the Diagnostic Test Result item at the main Statistics menu and pressing ENTER At the prompt enter the box number you want to view The data that is shown on this screen is for monitoring information only and is meant for network personnel experienced with this type of information The explanation of this information is extensive and outside the scope of this guide However the instructions on how to access this information is provided so
216. that the user can view the data to provide information for problem solving If this menu is reporting errors and you can not find a cause contact your local place of purchase Diagnostic Test Results Diagnostic Test Result CPU Multicast Loopback Passed CPU Unicast Loopback Passed CPU Registers Passed CPU Program Memory Passed CPU Network Memory Passed Real Time Clock Passed Serial Port Passed Linked Port Loopback Passed Port Loopback Passed Port Registers Passed Port Memory Passed Port Broadcast Passed Return to previous menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 181 Message Log Information Screen To view the message log select Message Log on the Statistics menu The Message Log Information screen is displayed The data on this screen is useful to technical experts in solving complex problems Message Log Information Message Content Thu October 29 1998 19 49 54 Upgrading swconfig Thu October 29 1998 19 49 54 Thu October 29 1998 19 49 54 Thu October 29 1998 19 49 54 System entering stand alone mode Thu October 29 1998 19 49 54 CrossLink 1 link is active Thu October 29 1998 19 49 54 CrossLink 2 link is active Hore Start End Return to previous menu Log Index number identifying the log file Type Message type Possible values are e W Warning e J Informational Message Content The full text of the mess
217. the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Warning This is a Class A product In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Declaration of Conformity We Olicom A S CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT Nybrovej 114 DK 2800 Lyngby Denmark declare under our sole responsibility that the products CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch to which this declaration relates are in conformity with the following standards or other normative documents EN 50082 1 EN 55022 EN 60950 including Amendments EN 60825 1 following the provisions of 89 336 EEC Directive and 73 23 EEC Directive CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Modifications If the device is change
218. the length of time in seconds during which the stack tries to reestablish communication with the switch The default is 16 seconds Stack State Whether the CrossFire Switch Stacker is operational CrossFire 8630 or CrossFire 8635 Information in this field cannot be changed Stack Connection Whether the CrossFire 8300 Switch Stacker is connected Information in this field cannot be changed Module Information Screen If expansion modules have been installed this menu provides information on them The switch is listed as the first module Module Information Module Status Model ID HW Rev FW Rev Ports Up Time 1 up 0C 8666 39 17 1 9 8 28 2 18 26 2 empty 3 up 0C 8616 40 1 1 9 6 4 2 18 26 4 up 0C 8636 35 42 1 2 18 26 Return to previous menu The following information is displayed on this screen Module Module number The switch is listed as module 1 Expansion cards are listed as module 2 and module 3 The stack port is listed as module 4 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 86 Status Whether the module is up down or the slot is empty Model Type of module The CrossFire switch is listed for the base switch For this module as well as for others this field displays the product number Board ID Identifier of the board in decimal HW Rev Hardware revision level FW Rev Firmware revision level On modules with Token Ring ports this is the MAC mode r
219. the switch Disconnect all power before doing the following Installing or removing a chassis Working near power supplies Performing a hardware upgrade Do not work alone if potentially hazardous conditions exist Never assume that power is disconnected from a circuit Always check Look carefully for possible hazards in your work area such as moist floors ungrounded power extension cables and missing safety grounds If an electrical accident occurs proceed as follows Use caution do not become a victim yourself Unplug the power cord s If possible send another person to get medical aid Otherwise assess the condition of the victim and then call for help Determine if the person needs rescue breathing or external cardiac compressions then take appropriate action CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Preparing for Installation 45 Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage Electrostatic discharge ESD can damage equipment and impair electrical circuitry It occurs when electronic components are improperly handled and can result in complete or intermittent failures Always follow ESD prevention procedures when removing and replacing components Ensure that the chassis is electrically connected to earth ground using an ESD mat or a ground wire Wear an ESD preventive wrist strap ensuring that it makes good skin contact To safely channel unwanted ESD voltages to grou
220. the temperature in a switch exceeds normal or returns to normal oc8600sPowerSupply This trap is generated when the status of the power supply units changes Per Port Traps oc8600TsPortStrNFwdEntry This trap is generated when a port automatically enters store and forward mode when the error rate exceeds the threshold oc8600TsPortCfgLossTrap This trap occurs when a port is disabled because it has exceeded its Configuration Loss Threshold within the configured Sampling Period oc8600Ts BeaconStart This trap is generated when a port or a station local to a port begins to beacon It is sent out only when a ring status change indicates that a station is beaconing oc8600TsBeaconEnd This trap is generated when the ring status change indicates that a ring is no longer beaconing This trap only occurs once when the status actually changes oc8600TsDuplicateMACAddr CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 190 This trap is generated when a duplicate MAC address is detected on a port in a TrCRF which already has learned that MAC address oc8600TsDuplicateBridge This trap is generated when a duplicated bridge number is detected on a port in a TrCRF oc8600TsRingNumberMismatch This trap is generated when a mismatch in ring numbers is detected on a port in TrCRF Traps for the Spanning Tree Protocol oc8600TsTrCRFNewRoot This trap is a TrCRF specific version of the new
221. ticipates in the spanning tree protocol and if so the protocol to be used Possible values are No IEEE IBM and Base on Bridging Mode The default is No IfSTP Participation is set to No then all TrCRFs with this TrBRF as a parent will be set to forwarding mode You can then override this by blocking a particular TrCRF IfSTP Participation is set to JEEE or IBM then the selected protocol will be used to determine the forwarding blocked mode of the TrCRFs that are configured with an STP mode of auto If STP Participation is set to Base on Bridging Mode then the spanning tree protocol used is based on the bridging mode of the TrCRF If the bridging mode is SRB the IBM Spanning Tree Protocol is used If the bridging mode is SRT the IEEE 802 1D Spanning Tree Protocol is used For a particular TrCRF the protocols selected here can be overridden See the STP Mode parameter in the section Spanning Tree for TrCRF Screen on page 101 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 100 IEEE STP Uses Bridge Functional Address Yes Sets IEEE Spanning Tree to use the Bridge Functional Address No Sets IEEE Spanning Tree to use the standard IEEE STP Address Bridge Priority Enter a priority value for this switch The bridge with the lowest priority value in an STP becomes the root To change individual port priorities enter the Port Spanning Tree Parameters screen Range 0 65
222. tion class that is enabled Error Report Timer Timeout value of the ring station s soft error report timer This field displays the value of the timer TSER as set by the Error Timer Value subvector X 05 from the Change Parameters or the Initialize Station MAC frame This object indicates the value in 01 second increments Physical Drop Number Physical location of the sending ring station This field displays the value set by the Assign Physical Drop Number subvector X 04 of the Change Parameters or the Initialize Station MAC frame Valid range is from 0x00000000 to OxFFFFFFFF CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 162 Join State This field displays the present state of the Join FSM Possible values are Not Specified Bypass Registration Lobe Test Dup Addr Check Dup Addr Det Join Complete and Await Notify Monitor State This field displays the present state of the Monitor FSM Possible values are Not Specified Operational Transmit Beacon Wire Fault Delay and Int Test Wait Beacon Source Address This field displays the source address used in the last Beacon MAC frame transmitted or received Beacon UNA This field displays the value of the UNA subvector X 02 used in the last Beacon MAC frame transmitted or received It will indicate the individual MAC address of the sending ring station s nearest active upstream neighbor NAUN The value could be a val
223. tly Check cable routing so a cable will not be damaged or create a safety hazard Be sure all equipment is mounted properly and securely CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 64 Applying Power The switch chassis does not have an on off switch Power is on when the unit is plugged into a power source There are no user serviceable parts inside a switch Any internal upgrades or service should be performed by Qualified Personnel only D Warning Unplug the power cord before you work on a system that does not have an on off switch Warning When installing the unit the ground connection must always be made first and disconnected last D Warning This equipment is intended to be grounded Ensure that the host is connected to earth ground during normal use D Warning Do not touch the power supply when the power cord is connected Line voltages are present within the power supply when the power cord is connected Use the following steps to power on your equipment 1 Ensure that you are using the correct power source 2 Using a power cable that complies with national regulations plug the female end of the cable into the AC power connector on the back panel of the switch see Figure 19 3 Plug the male end of the power cord s into a properly grounded electrical outlet EXTERNAL DC SUPPLY HIGH wana V rower Figure 19 The Back Panel of the Switch CrossFire
224. to determine whether the port is forwarding or blocked If the TrCRF to which the port belongs is not participating in the spanning tree protocol then forwarding is the default More To view more ports in the table Change To change or add values to specific ports Current Spanning Tree Information Screen A summary of STP information for each port is available from the Current Spanning Tree Information screen See Chapter 7 Monitoring the Network with the Console on page 172 for more information CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 105 Port Configuration Screen When you select Port Configuration from the Configuration menu you will be prompted for a port number When you have entered the port number the Port Configuration screen will be displayed Port 9 Port Configuration Name TrBRF trbrf default Enabled Yes TrCRF trerf default Status Not Inserted Media Type UF 45 MTU Media Speed 4 Mbps Force AC Bits on SR Frames Max Explorer Rate disabled Early Token Release Operation Mode HDX station Priority Threshold Forwarding Mode A store amp forward Min Transmit Priority Error High Threshold 16 Cfg Loss Threshold Error Low Threshold 1 Cfg Loss Sampling Interval Error Sampling Interval 16 Return to previous menu Note When auto is selected for fields that support the auto option the current operational field value shown will be prefixed with A Name
225. tor as a guide connect the cables between the devices and the faceplates as illustrated in Figure 18 Label the faceplate so that it will be easier to find the device if you have to troubleshoot a network problem In the wiring closet connect a cable to the Token Ring connector on the patch panel or other equipment where the building wiring terminates Note On CrossFire 8600 do not connect these cables to the Ring In or Ring Out port on a media access unit MAU unless you use port 19 or 20 on the switch 5 Connect the other end of the cable to a Token Ring port on the switch CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 63 6 Label this cable 7 Tf the switch is rack mounted dress the switch end of the cables through a cable management bracket if one is present on your rack 8 To continue installing the switch continue with Applying Power 4 Patch Panel q Building Wiring Faceplate lt r Token Ring Token Ring Cable 7 Cable To IL Bieli Port on Device Son C mma ieesecieeiees 25 0 a a TU nE so A Wiring Closet Work Area Figure 18 Connecting using Building Wiring Checking the Installation Before you apply power to the switch inspect the installation thoroughly Verify that all cables are installed correc
226. tries MAC Address The specific MAC address the filter is applied to See a detailed description of MAC Addresses on page 81 Description List of descriptions of security modes as assigned at Configure Port Security Mode menu This address is blocked This address is allowed to talk to ports as specified This address cannot be reached from this port Traffic to this address will be forced to ports as specified Return Return to the main menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 121 More Displays additional entries in the filter table if the table contains multiple pages Port number Security Mode The type of security mode applied to this port Protocol Filters Menu This menu is accessed from the Filters and Port Security menu To filter data based on protocol you can define protocol classes and then assign filtering attributes to these classes on a per port basis The classes in protocol filtering are based on destination service access point DSAP information In protocol filtering each incoming frame is assigned to one of the protocol classes based on the DSAP or Ethertype of the frame If the DS AP is OxAA which indicates the Subnetwork Access Protocol SNAP the assignment is based on the Ethertype of the SNAP header The mapping from DSAP or Ethertype to protocol class is common for all switch ports in a stack The Protocol Filters menu provid
227. tup e IP configuration SNMP configuration SNMP Setup Follow these steps to use in band management 1 Attach the switch to the console and start a console session as described in Chapter 5 Connecting a Network Management Console 2 Make the necessary configurations in the IP Configuration screen 3 Make the necessary configurations in the SNMP Configuration menu and the following subscreens Community String screen Trap Receiver screen The following sections describe the SNMP setup screens IP Configuration Screen The IP Configuration screen sets the IP address gateway address subnet mask and IP state The IP Address and Default Gateway must be in the same subnet address class that is Class A Class B or Class C The system prevents you from entering values from different classes If you do inadvertently enter an incorrect value enter 0 0 0 0 in every field then reenter the correct values Refer to Chapter 6 Switch Configuration for a complete description on how to configure the IP Configuration menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with SNMP 184 SNMP Configuration Use the SNMP Configuration screen and all of its submenus to configure specific attributes related to SNMP SNMP Configuration Screen The SNMP Configuration screen is shown below SNMP Configuration Send Authentication Traps Enable RMON Statistics Co
228. uld not turn on again Note that this LED turns on if the switch is powered from a redundant power supply only TX On or Data is being transmitted to the stack link blinking RX On or Data is being received from the stack link blinking ATTACH On A connection has been established to the stack INS On The Token Ring port is inserted into the ring left LED of Sam port Blinking The port is disabled ACT On or Data is being transmitted to or received from the right LED of blinking port port Table 18 Front Panel LEDs CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 68 Back Panel Table 19 lists the back panel connectors on the switch Name Description AC connection Standard AC power connection Redundant power supply Connector for the optional redundant power supply unit Table 19 Back Panel Switches and Connectors CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Installation 69 Connecting a Network Management Console Console interfacing can be established by connecting to the MANAGEMENT serial port on the front panel of the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch and or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch Use this connection to set up in band management which is the management of the switch through the network or out of band management which is management outside of the network
229. upply apply power to the internal power supply If the ERR LED turns off after this resume using the switch otherwise proceed to step 2 below 2 Reset the switch by disconnecting the power cord waiting 10 seconds and then reconnecting it to the electrical outlet If the problem goes away resume using the switch 3 If you have just downloaded new microcode clear NVRAM and reset the switch using the instructions in Reset Screen on page 142 Note Clearing NVRAM returns all configuration parameters to their default values If the problem is corrected resume using the switch 4 One or more bad ports can cause this symptom and the remaining ports might continue to operate Reset the switch and monitor the diagnostic messages that appear for port failures The section Diagnostic Screen on page 72 includes a sample diagnostic screen Try to correct any individual port problems that are detected Ifthe failing ports are expansion module ports use the expansion module documentation to try to correct the problem Ifthe problem is corrected resume using the switch 5 Ifthe problem does not go away the problem is in the switch Procedure C Use this procedure if all devices connected to the switch are having communication problems the ERR LED is off and the PWR LED is on 1 Reset the switch by disconnecting power cord for 10 seconds Ifthe problem goes away resume using the switch Ifth
230. uration 116 Note To restrict access from one segment to an entire segment not just an address see the VLAN Configuration section in this chapter The following address filtering menus are used to set up address filtering Additional information on address filtering is provided as the following filtering menus are presented Filters and Port Security Menu Use the Filter amp Port Security menu to access the filtering menus This menu is accessed from the Configuration menu Filters amp Port Security Configure Filters Configure Port Security Mode View Port Filters Protocol Filters Return to previous menu Configure Filters Displays the Configure Filters screen where you can establish specific filtering based on MAC addresses Configure Port Security Mode Displays the Configure Port Security mode screen where you can establish address security at specific ports View Port Filters Displays the View Port Filters screen where you can view port filters for a specific port Protocol Filters Displays the Protocol Filters menu CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 117 Configure Filters Screen This screen is accessed from the Filters and Port Security menu When the Add Entry item is selected a list is displayed of the available filter functions with a selectable highlight After a choice is made the console prompts y
231. urn Table 22 Changing and Saving Switched Port Analyzer Settings D Note It is only possible to monitor ports within a physical switch and not in a stack CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 m Monitoring Port Traffic 195 10 Troubleshooting This chapter contains procedures that help you troubleshoot problems with a CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch or a CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch and its connections to other devices Obtaining Service There are no serviceable parts inside the switch Do not remove the cover for any reason If you think your switch or its UEMs requires service please contact Olicom Technical Support Please refer to Chapter 11 Getting in Touch with Technical Support for instructions Troubleshooting in a Network The switch console and SNMP management agent give you access to important statistics and other information about the network as seen by the switch See Chapter 7 Monitoring the Network with the Console The section Port Statistics Menu on page 152 can be helpful in isolating network level problems The Switched Port Analyzer feature allows a network analyzer to be attached to a port on the switch to monitor in real time switch activity of another port See Chapter 9 Monitoring Port Traffic for information on configuring Switched Port Analyzer Start of Troubleshooting Process If one or more
232. urns on if the switch is powered only by an external power supply Table 1 Status LEDs and Their Meanings The stack link LEDs and port LEDs are described in the tables on the next page CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications Table 2 lists the stack link LEDs and their meanings LED State Meaning TX On or Data is being transmitted to the stack link It is blinking blinking when the stack interface is inserted RX On or Data is being received from the stack link It is blinking blinking when the stack interface is inserted ATTACH On A connection has been established to the stack Table 2 Stack link LEDs and Their Meanings Table 3 lists the port LEDs and their meanings LED State Meaning INS On The Token Ring port is inserted into the ring left LED of 7 7 7 port Off The Token Ring port is not inserted into the ring Blinking The Token Ring port is disabled ACT On or Data is being transmitted to or received from the right LED of blinking port port Table 3 Port LEDs and Their Meanings CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Overview and Specifications 10 Features and Specifications Features and specifications for the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 are listed below Features Performance and Advanced Features Th
233. w and Specifications Switching Technology 00 002 ee eee Switch of Switches 22 2 005 Switch of Servers 00 20 0002 eee eee SWItCH OF AUDS ss cows Sa Gear a ae Bare a aes Gee G Switch of Desktops 0 00000000 G Switch of Floors and Buildings Switch of Routers 22 2 220 Physical Characteristics 2 20 4 Out of Band Management OBM Token Ring Ports 2 2 2 2 2000 Switched Port Analyzer 200 4 Universal Expansion Slots and Modules Reset Button 222204 System Request Button Labels ss sevice te a Sais See eR Se ee eh Status and Activity LEDs Features and Specifications Features o eb we BALA ie Babee eae a ih fed ts Specifications 02 20002 eee eee 2 Switch Theory of Operation 17 How the CrossFire 8600 and the CrossFire 8605 Works Multiple Simultaneous Conversations Low Eateny 2 4 04 bene he be Ake dow ea aie hae A Address Management 2 2 2 Multiple Bridging Modes 2 2 4 4 20 Iter Ga estat ey Bea Re a a a e a 22 Congestion Control 5224 23 Three Switching Modes Token Ring Port Operation Modes RI RO Like Connection 0 008 24 Transmission Priority Queues
234. warded Number of frames forwarded by the port excluding those delivered to the host CPU system software for processing or to a monitoring port NSR Frames Forwarded Number of Non Source Routed frames forwarded by the port SRF Frames Forwarded Number of Source Routed frames forwarded by the port STE Frames Forwarded Number of Spanning Tree Explorer frames forwarded by the port ARE Frames Forwarded Number of All Route Explorer frames forwarded by the port MAC Frames Forwarded Number of MAC layer frames forwarded by the port CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 154 Frames Processed Number of frames received on this port and delivered to the host CPU system software for processing Frames Unknown Frames processed by the host CPU system software that contained an unknown source or destination address Frames Transmitted Total number of frames transmitted by this port Frames Received Total number of frames received on this port Broadcast Frames Received Number of broadcast frames received on this port without errors Multicast Frames Received Number of multicast frames received on this port without errors Frames Filtered Addr Number of frames filtered by the MAC address filters Frames Filtered DSAP Number of frames filtered by the protocol filters Local Address Entries Number of local stations in the address table of the port
235. wing is a list of items in the Configuration menu Detailed descriptions and of the submenus and screens these items open follow this list Switch Configuration Displays the Switch Configuration screen See page 81 Module Information Displays information regarding optional expansion modules See page 85 VLAN Configuration Displays options for configuring BRFs and CRFs See page 87 IP Configuration Displays a screen for changing IP addresses gateways and subnet masks and for sending a PING See page 94 SNMP Configuration Displays fields for setting attributes related to SNMP See page 184 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 80 Spanning Tree Displays fields for configuring the spanning tree protocol See page 97 Port Configuration Displays a screen for changing port configuration See page 105 Switched Port Analyzer Displays the screen for selecting a port to monitor See page 193 CrossLink Displays options for creating a CrossLink connection See page 109 Filters and Port Security Menu for configuring address and protocol filtering See page 115 Address Aging For setting a different aging time for the address tables in memory for the system and ports See page 125 Password Displays a screen for setting up and changing the password for access to the console See page 129 Console Configuration Displays choices for s
236. witching is based on Allows easy installation in and Source Route MAC addresses only environments with no need for Switching SRS Learns MAC Source Route Bridging addresses and source routing route descriptors of Source Route Bridges attached to local switch ports Source Route Bridging SRB The switch ports may be grouped into logical rings The switch acts as a standard multiport Source Route Bridge between logical rings Non Source Route frames NSR are not forwarded outside the logical ring Allows easy installation in existing Token Ring networks where Source Route Bridges are used Allows easy replacement of bridges with switches Source Route Transparent Bridging SRT NSR frames are forwarded between Logical Rings based on MAC address Source Route frames are forwarded as by SRB Allows the mix of source route and non source route protocols in the network SRT SRB Combines the SRT and SRB modes Allows the use of duplicate MAC addresses when running in SRT Ports with duplicate MAC addresses are reachable only via source routing Duplicate MAC addresses are typically found in installations utilizing SNA gateways and or front ends Table 11 Multiple Bridging Modes CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Theory of Operation Spanning Tree Protocol 37 Feature Function Benefit IEEE 802 1D Al
237. y a dedicated connection to a station is supported The Tx Rx pinouts are the same as a concentrator s FDX station Full duplex mode in which the port operates like a station The connection may be dedicated or shared The Tx Rx pinouts are the same as an adapter s Ri Ring In On CrossFire 8600 only displayed for ports 19 and 20 On CrossFire 8605 for all 20 fiber ports RO Ring Out On CrossFire 8600 only displayed for ports 19 and 20 On CrossFire 8605 for all 20 fiber ports RI RO Ring in ring out mode On CrossFire 8600 only displayed for ports 19 and 20 On CrossFire 8605 for all 20 fiber ports Passive this value will be displayed if the port is selected as a passive monitoring port on the Switched Port Analyzer configuration screen Fwd Mode The forwarding mode that will be used for transmit Possible values are Cut Thru cut through e Store Fwd store and forward For ports operating at a speed of 4 Mbps the only possible mode is store and forward CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Monitoring the Network with the Console 152 Port Statistics Menu The Port Statistics menu provides access to statistical information for any particular port To enter the menu you must first enter a port number Port 9 Statistics General Statistics 862 5 Statistics 862 5 State Information 862 5 DTR MAC Information Return to previous menu Gener
238. you have forgotten the password follow the description in the Note on page 129 m CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Connecting a Network Management Console 75 6 Switch Configuration This chapter explains how to set up the CrossFire 8600 Token Ring Switch or the CrossFire 8605 Token Ring Fiber Switch and how to modify the configuration using a VT100 console attached to the switch directly or via a modem connection The switch configuration can also be modified from a remote VT100 console via a telnet session Subjects covered in this chapter General guidelines page 76 Main menu screen page 78 Configuration menu page 79 Switch and stack configuration page 81 Module Information page 85 e Virtual LANs page 87 IP Configuration page 94 Spanning Tree Protocol STP page 97 Port Configuration page 105 CrossLink channels page 109 Address filtering page 115 Address aging page 125 Console Password page 129 Console telnet sessions page 130 Download Upload menu page 137 Reset menu page 142 CrossFire 8600 8605 Token Ring Switches v 1 2 P N 710001641 Switch Configuration 76 General Guidelines To work within the console menus and screens follow these guidelines To select an item on a screen or a menu highlight it by using the arrow keys and then press ENTER If you need to specify additional information for

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