Home

Netgear WG602 User's Manual

1. Table C 1 UTP Ethernet cable wiring straight through Pin Wire color Signal 1 Orange White Transmit Tx 2 Orange Transmit Tx 3 Green White Receive Rx 4 Blue 5 Blue White 6 Green Receive Rx 7 Brown White 8 Brown Category 5 Cable Quality Category 5 distributed cable that meets ANSI EIA TIA 568 A building wiring standards can be a maximum of 328 feet ft or 100 meters m in length divided as follows 20 ft 6 m between the hub and the patch panel if used 295 ft 90 m from the wiring closet to the wall outlet 10 ft 3 m from the wall outlet to the desktop device The patch panel and other connecting hardware must meet the requirements for 100 Mbps operation Category 5 Only 0 5 inch 1 5 cm of untwist in the wire pair is allowed at any termination point A twisted pair Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits second 1OBASE T will often tolerate low quality cables but at 100 Mbits second LOBASE Tx the cable must be rated as Category 5 or Cat 5 by the Electronic Industry Association EIA This rating will be printed on the cable jacket A Category 5 cable will meet specified requirements regarding loss and crosstalk In addition there are restrictions on maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits second networks C 12 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Poi
2. Ethernet Wireless Figure 2 1 WG602 v3 front panel The following table explains the LED indicators LED DESCRIPTION Power Power Indicator oft No power If this LED does not come on with the power adapter and cord correctly installed see Chapter 6 Troubleshooting On Power is on Ethernet Ethernet LAN Link Activity Indicator Off Indicates no Ethernet link detected Green On 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet link detected no activity Green Blink Indicates data traffic on the 100Mbps Ethernet LAN Amber On 10 Mbps Ethernet link detected no activity Amber Blink Indicates data traffic on the 10Mbps Ethernet LAN Wireless Wireless LAN Link Activity Indicator Off Indicates no wireless link detected Green On Wireless link enabled no activity Green Blink Wireless link activity Introduction 2 5 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel Power Reset amp Restore RJ 45 Ethernet Detachable Socket Button Port Antenna Figure 2 2 WG602 v3 rear panel Power Socket This socket connects to the WG602 v3 power adapter Reset and Restore to Factory Defaults Button The reset and restore to defaults button located between the Ethernet RJ 45 connector and the power socket resets the WG602 v3 when pushed once or restores to the factory default settings when pushed and held for 10 seconds RJ 45
3. Figure 3 7 Login window Enter the default user name of admin and the default password of password 3 9 Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Using the Basic IP Settings Options The IP Settings page is under the Setup heading of the main menu Use this page to configure DHCP static IP and the access point NetBIOS name IP Settings Access Point Name netgear58fabd IP Address DHCP Client Enable Disable IP Address IP Subnet Mask Default Gateway Spanning Tree Protocol Enable Disable Figure 3 8 Basic IP Settings page e Access Point Name NetBIOS You can change the access point name after the initial configuration Enter a new name for the wireless access point and click Apply to save your changes The IP Address Source The wireless access point is shipped preconfigured to use a private IP address on the LAN side and to act as a DHCP client If the wireless access point does not find a DHCP server on the Ethernet LAN it defaults to this IP configuration DHCP Client Enable IP Address 192 168 0 227 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway 0 0 0 0 If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme you can make those changes in this page e Spanning Tree Protocol Spanning Tree Protocol in enabled by default for the wireless access point This provides n
4. Remember my password Figure 3 3 Login window When prompted enter admin for the user name and password for the password both in lower case letters Click IP Settings and configure the IP Settings according to your network setup f Configure the wireless interface for wireless access See the online help or the Understanding the Basic Wireless Settings on page 3 11 for full instructions 3 5 Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Note You must set the Regulatory Domain It may not be legal to operate the wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field Now that you have finished the setup steps you are ready to deploy the WG602 v3 in your network If needed you can now reconfigure the PC you used in step 1 back to its original TCP IP settings 3 DEPLOY THE WG602 v3 ACCESS POINT a Disconnect the WG602 v3 and position it where you will deploy it The best location is elevated at the center of your wireless coverage area b Lift the antenna side so that it is vertical c Connect an Ethernet cable from your WG602 v3 Access Point to a LAN port on your router switch or hub Note By default WG602 v3 is set to be a DHCP client If your network uses static IP addresses you will need to change this setting d Connect the power adapter to the wireless access point and plug th
5. Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General 21x You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically Use the following IP address IP address Default gateway Obtain DNS server address automatically Use the following DNS server addresses Preferred DNS DNS serve Alternate D 10 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP or 2000 To check your PC s TCP IP configuration 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run The Run window opens 2 Type cma and then click OK A command window opens 3 Type ipconfig all Your IP Configuration information will be listed and should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 4 Type exit Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 11 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Gu
6. User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Rebooting and Resetting Factory Default Options The Reboot option restarts the access point From the Management section of the main menu select Reboot AP Select Yes then click Apply to reboot the access point Restoring the WG602 v3 to the Factory Default Settings It is sometimes desirable to restore the wireless access point to the factory default settings This can be done by using the Restore Factory Default function which restores all factory settings After a restore the password will be password the DHCP client is enabled the WG602 v3 defaults to the LAN IP address of 192 168 0 227 when there is no DHCP server and the NetBIOS name is reset to NETGEAR plus the last 6 digits of the MAC address printed on the label on the bottom of the unit for example NETGEAR 23456 On the Restore Factory Default Settings screen select Yes then click Apply to restore the factory default settings Using the Reset Button to Reboot or Restore Factory Defaults To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the login password or IP address you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the wireless access point see WG602 v3 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel on page 2 6 The reset button has two functions e Reboot When pressed and released quickly the wireless access point will reboot restart e Reset to Factory Defaults This
7. User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point NETGEAR NETGEAR NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Phone 1 888 NETGEAR 202 10060 01 September 2004 202 10060 01 September 2004 NETGEAR INC Technical Support Please register to obtain technical support Please retain your proof of purchase and warranty information To register your product get product support or obtain product information and product documentation go to www netgear com If you do not have access to the World Wide Web you can register your product by filling out the registration card and mailing it to NETGEAR customer service You will find technical support information at www netgear com support main asp through the customer service area If you want to contact technical support by telephone see the support information card for the correct telephone number for your country 2004 by NETGEAR Inc All rights reserved Trademarks NETGEAR is a registered trademark of NETGEAR INC Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Information is subject to change without notice All rights reserved Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this documen
8. This will take you to the next step Local Area Connection Network Tasks Y Local Area Connection 3 Now the Network Connection window See Also displays i Network Troubleshooter The Connections List shows all the Other Places network connections set up on the PC Be Control Panel located to the right of the window E network Documents e Right click the Connection with the F Computer wireless icon and choose Status Details Network Connections System Folder Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 7 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window This box displays the connection status duration speed and activity statistics Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window e Click the Properties button to view details about the connection Local Area Connection 3 Status General Support Connection Status Connected Duration 02 55 48 Speed 11 0 Mbps Signal Strength Folli Activity Received Packets 3 966 Properties General Wireless Networks Advanced Connect using B9 NETGEAR MA401 Wireless PC Card 2 The TCP IP details are presented on the S upport tab page s This connection uses the following tems Client for Microsoft Networks e Select Internet Protocol and click v rf and Printer Sharing for Micros
9. Foot Radius a 1 Open System Easy but no security 2 Wa602 v3 2 MAC Access List No data security 3 WEP Secure but some vulnerabilities 4 WPA Very strong security Figure 3 1 WG602 v3 wireless data security options There are several ways you can enhance the security of your wireless network e Restrict Access Based on MAC Address You can restrict access to only trusted PCs so that unknown PCs cannot wirelessly connect to the WG602 v3 MAC address filtering adds an obstacle against unwanted access to your network but the data broadcast over the wireless link is fully exposed e Turn Off the Broadcast of the Wireless Network Name SSID If you disable broadcast of the SSID only devices that have the correct SSID can connect This nullifies the wireless network discovery feature of some products such as Windows XP but the data is still fully exposed to a determined snoop using specialized test equipment like wireless sniffers e Use WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption provides data security WEP Shared Key authentication and WEP data encryption will block an eavesdropper but because the keys are static a determined snoop can learn the keys in less than a day of eavesdropping e Use WPA PSK Wi Fi Protected Access WPA data encryption provides data security WPA PSK will block eavesdropping Because this is a new standard wireless device driver and software availability may be limited However W
10. Glossary 5 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Networking Layer The most widely used version of IP today is IP version 4 IPv4 However IP version 6 IPv6 is also beginning to be supported IPv6 provides for much longer addresses and therefore for the possibility of many more Internet users IPv6 includes the capabilities of IPv4 and any server that can support IPv6 packets can also support IPv4 packets IP See Internet Protocol IP Address A four byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet usually written in dotted decimal notation with periods separating the bytes for example 134 177 244 57 Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic an organization formed for this purpose ISP Internet service provider L LAN See Local Area Network Local Area Network A communications network serving users within a limited area such as one floor of a building A LAN typically connects multiple personal computers and shared network devices such as storage and printers Although many technologies exist to implement a LAN Ethernet is the most common for connecting personal computers and is limited to a distance of 1 500 feet LANs can be connected together but if modems and telephones connect two or more LANs the larger network constitutes what is called a WAN or Wide Area Network MAC 1 Medium Access Control In LANs the sublayer of the data li
11. Integrity Protocol TKIP Michael message integrity code MIC AES Support e Support for a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients These features are discussed below WPA addresses most of the known WEP vulnerabilities and is primarily intended for wireless infrastructure networks as found in the enterprise This infrastructure includes stations access points and authentication servers typically RADIUS servers The RADIUS server holds or has access to user credentials e g user names and passwords and authenticates wireless users before they gain access to the network The strength WPA comes from an integrated sequence of operations that encompass 802 1X EAP authentication and sophisticated key management and encryption techniques Its major operations include e Network security capability determination This occurs at the 802 11 level and is communicated through WPA information elements in Beacon Probe Response and Re Association Requests Information in these elements includes the authentication method 802 1X or Pre shared key and the preferred cipher suite WEP TKIP or AES B 10 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point The primary information conveyed in the Beacon frames is the authentication method and the cipher suite Possible authentication methods include 802 1X and Pre shared key Pre shared key is an authentication met
12. a Class C address there are a large number of hosts per network Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing C 4 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64 000 nodes Most organizations do not use 64 000 nodes so there are free bits that can be reassigned Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free as shown below th Network Subnet Node Class B Figure C 2 Example of Subnetting a Class B Address A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses For example the IP address of 172 16 0 0 is assigned but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet address The IP address of 172 16 97 235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172 16 subnet number 97 and node number 235 In addition to extending the number of addresses available subnet addressing provides other
13. as a client and obtain information from your DHCP server Introduction 2 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e NetBIOS amp WINS Support Support for both NetBIOS broadcast and WINS Windows Internet Naming Service allows the WG602 v3 to easily fit into your existing Windows network Key Features The WG602 v3 provides solid functionality including these features e Wireless Access Point Operates as a standard 802 11g access point e Wireless Bridging Operates as a point to point or multi point wireless bridge e Upgradeable Firmware Firmware is stored in a flash memory and can be upgraded easily using only your Web browser and can be upgraded remotely e Access Control The Access Control MAC Address filtering feature can ensure that only trusted wireless stations can use the WG602 v3 to gain access to your LAN e Simple Configuration If the default settings are unsuitable they are easy to change e Hidden Mode The SSID is not broadcast assuring only clients configured with the correct SSID can connect Autosensing Ethernet Connection with Auto Uplink Interface Connects to 10 100 Mbps IEEE 802 3 Ethernet networks e LED Indicators Power and wireless activity are easily identified 802 11g Standards based Wireless Networking The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 provides a bridge between Ethernet wired LANs and 802 11g compatible wireless LAN
14. button can also be used to clear all data and restore all settings to the factory default values when held down longer To clear all data and restore the factory default values 1 Use something with a small point such as a pen to press the Reset button in for at least 10 seconds 2 Release the Reset button The factory default configuration has now been restored and the WG602 v3 is ready for use Management 4 5 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Changing the Administrator Password The default password is password Change this password to a more secure password You cannot change the administrator login name From the main menu of the browser interface under the Management heading click Change Password to bring up the page shown below Change Password Current Password Set Password Repeat New Password Restore Default Password Ovyes No Figure 4 4 Set Password page To change the password first enter the old password and then enter the new password twice Click Apply to save your change 4 6 Management 202 10060 01 September 2004 Chapter 5 Advanced Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your WG602 v3 These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the main menu Understanding Advanced Wireless Settings The default advanced wireless settings usua
15. crteeueotectactiscereniaed e ria i a a 2 6 PE Tees IN AMETE anyai a a a A 2 6 Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configuration Observing Placement and Range Guidelines ccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeaeeeennees 3 1 Derat Facon SENGS asi aicina i ee S E EEA EEEN 3 2 Understanding WG602 v3 Wireless Security Options ssesssessseesssessseesresssrrsssrrsssensens 3 3 Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 V3 ssssssssssssrissrrrsssrsrrreersresnens 3 4 Twa Ways ta Log In to the WGCU YS aurera a AARNA 3 6 How to Log in Using the Default IP Address of the WG602 V3 aasiisssssssnnnnssrrsnnseenn 3 7 How to Log In to the WG602 v3 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name cee 3 9 Contents iii 202 10060 01 September 2004 Using the Basic IP Settings Options Understanding the Basic Wireless Seliga a E E E eeere Understanding Wireless Security Options 0 0 0 0 E E E a to Information to Gather Before Changing E Basic Wireless wi Settings EE EE PE TE 3 14 Howto Configure WEP Wireless SecUriiy cserciwcninanieciuincannenianna N How to Configure WPA PSK Wireless Security ccccccccsseecsecesseessesesecstessssesteeess 9216 How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address s ssrisirinruinrirrunurinsnnennraanunue 3 17 Chapter 4 Management Viewing General Information siiisccicisnnveavccennsesdadsennsvooicinnnvecdadennoredadinnnosdacdinnnoredadedorncadeanm Viewing a List of Attached Devices E
16. deploy it on LAN Segment 1 If you check the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox wireless clients will also be able to use AP1 If the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox is not selected only computers on Ethernet LAN segment 1 will use AP1 to communicate with AP2 2 Configure AP2 in Point to Point mode with the MAC address of AP1 and deploy it on LAN Segment 2 Use the same security and channel settings as AP1 If you check the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox wireless clients will also be able to use AP2 If the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox is not selected only computers on Ethernet LAN segment 2 will use AP2 to communicate with AP1 3 Verify connectivity across the network If you enabled wireless client association on both APs a computer on either AP should be able to connect to the Internet or share files and printers of any other PCs or servers connected to the network Advanced Configuration 5 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How to Configure Wireless Multi Point Bridging 3 zz DP mo e Le 192 168 0 1 Wireless PC Card in a Notebook Computer Router Point to Multipoint Mode LAN cs i I Segment 1 Hub or Switch lt LAN CJ 3 Segment 3 LAN gg Segment 2 Figure 5 3 Wireless Bridging 1 Configure the Operating Mode of the WG602 v3 Access Points AP1 on LAN Segment 1 in Point to Point Bridge
17. is the same as the SSID or ESSID configuration parameter WPA Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a specification of standards based interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for existing and future wireless LAN systems Glossary 11 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point 202 10060 01 September 2004 Glossary Numerics 802 11b B 1 A Address Resolution Protocol B 10 ad hoc mode B 2 associated devices 4 3 Auto MDI MDI X B 15 Auto Uplink 2 3 B 15 Basic IP Settings page 3 10 Basic Wireless Settings 3 11 3 15 3 16 5 2 BSSID B 2 C Cabling B 11 Cat5 cable B 12 Channel Frequency 3 12 configuration erasing 4 5 crossover cable 2 3 B 14 B 15 D Data Rate 3 12 denial of service attack B 11 DHCP B 8 domain name server DNS B 9 DoS attack B 11 E ESSID B 2 Ethernet 2 2 2 3 Ethernet cable B 11 Index Index F factory settings restoring 4 5 G General 4 2 IANA contacting B 2 IETF B 1 Web site address B 7 infrastructure mode B 2 IP addresses and NAT B 7 and the Internet B 2 assigning B 2 B 10 private B 7 translating B 8 IP configuration by DHCP B 8 IP networking for Windows C 2 C 6 L Log In to the WG602 3 6 3 9 Logout 3 8 MAC address B 10 MDI MDI X B 15 MDI MDI X wiring B 14 D 7 Mode 3 12 N netmask translation table B 6 Network Address T
18. largest packet that can be sent or received N NAT See Network Address Translation NetBIOS Network Basic Input Output System An application programming interface API for sharing services and information on local area networks LANs Provides for communication between stations of a network where each station is given a name These names are alphanumeric names 16 characters in length netmask Combined with the IP address the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it and which must be reached through a gateway or router A number that explains which part of an IP address comprises the network address and which part is the host address on that network It can be expressed in dotted decimal notation or as a number appended to the IP address For example a 28 bit mask starting from the MSB can be shown as 255 255 255 192 or as 28 appended to the IP address Glossary 7 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Network Address Translation Sometimes referred to as Transparent Proxying IP Address Overloading or IP Masquerading Involves use of a device called a Network Address Translator which assigns a contrived or logical IP address and port number to each node on an organization s internal network and passes packets using these assigned addresses NIC Network Interface Card An adapter in a computer which provides connectivity to
19. least expensive way to set up a wireless network Network Name Extended Service Set Identification ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is one of two types of Service Set Identification SSID In an ad hoc wireless network with no access points the Basic Service Set Identification BSSID is used In an infrastructure wireless network that includes an access point the ESSID is used but may still be referred to as SSID An SSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying the name of the wireless local area network Some vendors refer to the SSID as network name For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other all devices must be configured with the same SSID Wireless Channels IEEE 802 11g b wireless nodes communicate with each other using radio frequency signals in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band between 2 4 GHz and 2 5 GHz Neighboring channels are 5 MHz apart However due to spread spectrum effect of the signals a node sending signals using a particular channel will utilize frequency spectrum 12 5 MHz above and below the center channel frequency As a result two separate wireless networks using neighboring channels for example channel 1 and channel 2 in the same general vicinity will interfere with each other Applying two channels that allow the maximum channel separation will decrease the amount of channel cross talk and provide a noticeable performanc
20. message gets divided into little chunks called packets Each of these packets contains both the sender s Internet address and the receiver s address Any packet is sent first to a gateway computer that understands a small part of the Internet The gateway computer reads the destination address and forwards the packet to an adjacent gateway that in turn reads the destination address and so forth across the Internet until one gateway recognizes the packet as belonging to a computer within its immediate neighborhood or domain That gateway then forwards the packet directly to the computer whose address is specified Because a message is divided into a number of packets each packet can if necessary be sent by a different route across the Internet Packets can arrive in a different order than they were sent The Internet Protocol just delivers them It s up to another protocol the Transmission Control Protocol TCP to put them back in the right order IP is a connectionless protocol which means that there is no continuing connection between the end points that are communicating Each packet that travels through the Internet is treated as an independent unit of data without any relation to any other unit of data The reason the packets do get put in the right order is because of TCP the connection oriented protocol that keeps track of the packet sequence in a message In the Open Systems Interconnection OSI communication model IP is in Layer 3 the
21. mode with the Remote MAC Address of AP2 Because it is in the central location configure AP2 on LAN Segment 2 in Wireless Multi Point Bridging mode Add the MAC addresses of the adjacent Point to Point APs which are configured to communicating with it Configure the AP3 on LAN 3 in Point to Point Bridge mode with the Remote MAC Address of AP2 2 Verify the following parameters for all access points Verify that the LAN network configuration the WG602 v3 Access Points are configured to operate in the same LAN network address range as the LAN devices Only one AP is configured in Wireless Multi Point Bridging mode and all the others are in Point to Point Bridge mode All APs must be on the same LAN That is all the APs LAN IP address must be in the same network 5 4 Advanced Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e Ifusing DHCP all WG602 v3 Access Points should be set to Obtain an IP address automatically DHCP Client in the IP Address Source portion of the Basic IP Settings menu e All WG602 v3 Access Points use the same SSID Channel WEP authentication mode if any and encryption in use WPA is not available in bridge modes e All Point to Point APs must have AP2 s MAC address in its Remote AP MAC address table e IfMAC access control list security is enabled on the APs verify that the MAC access control lists on each AP are complete
22. more DNS server addresses As an alternative to manual configuration there is a method by which each PC on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information A device on the network may act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server The DHCP server stores a list or pool of IP addresses along with other information such as gateway and DNS addresses that it may assign to the other devices on the network The WG602 v3 Access Point has the capacity to act as a DHCP server C 8 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point The WG602 v3 Access Point also functions as a DHCP client when connecting to the ISP The firewall can automatically obtain an IP address subnet mask DNS server addresses and a gateway address if the ISP provides this information by DHCP Domain Name Server Many of the resources on the Internet can be addressed by simple descriptive names such as www netgear com This addressing is very helpful at the application level but the descriptive name must be translated to an IP address in order for a user to actually contact the resource Just as a telephone directory maps names to phone numbers or as an ARP table maps IP addresses to MAC addresses a domain name system DNS server maps descriptive names of network resources to IP addresses When a PC accesses a resource by its descriptive name it fi
23. network Check the access point default configuration against the configuration of other devices in your network e For full instructions on changing the access point s default values see the Reference Manual on the Resource CD for the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 230 10106 01 When I enter a URL or IP address get a timeout error A number of things could be causing this Try the following troubleshooting steps e Check whether other PCs work If they do ensure that your PCs TCP IP settings are correct If using a Fixed Static IP Address check the Subnet Mask Default Gateway DNS and IP Addresses e If the PCs are configured correctly but still not working ensure that the WG602 v3 is connected and turned on Connect to it and check its settings If you cannot connect to it check the LAN and power connections e If the WG602 v3 is configured correctly check your Internet connection DSL Cable modem etc to make sure that it is working correctly Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings The Reset button see WG602 v3 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel on page 2 6 has two functions e Reboot When pressed and released quickly the WG602 v3 will reboot restart e Reset to Factory Defaults This button can also be used to clear ALL data and restore ALL settings to the factory default values To clear all data and restore the factory default values 1 Use something with a small po
24. networks It provides connectivity between Ethernet wired networks and radio equipped wireless notebook systems desktop systems print servers and other devices Additionally the WG602 v3 supports the following wireless features e Distributed coordinated function CSMA CA Back off procedure ACK procedure retransmission of unacknowledged frames e RTS CTS handshake e Beacon generation e Packet fragmentation and reassembly e Authentication Algorithms Open System Shared Key WPA PSK e Short or long preamble e Roaming among access points on the same subnet 2 2 Introduction 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink The WG602 v3 can connect to a standard Ethernet network The LAN interface is autosensing and capable of full duplex or half duplex operation The wireless access point incorporates Auto Uplink technology The Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection such as to a PC or an uplink connection such as to a switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates any concerns about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection Compatible and Related NETGEAR Products For a list of compatible products from other manufa
25. page shown below 2 Select the type of Access Control 3 17 Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e Disable e Allow e Block 3 Then enter the MAC address for a device you plan to use You can usually find the MAC address printed on the wireless adapter You can copy and paste the MAC addresses from the WG602 v3 s Station List page into the MAC Address box To do this configure each wireless PC to obtain a wireless link to the WG602 v3 The PC should then appear in the Station List page 4 Click Add to add the wireless device to the access list Repeat these steps for each additional device you want to add to the list 5 Be sure to click Apply to save your wireless access control list settings Now only devices on this list will be allowed to wirelessly connect to the WG602 v3 For blocking access from specific devices follow the procedure above except select the Block radio button Basic Installation and Configuration 3 18 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point 3 19 Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 Chapter 4 Management This chapter describes how to use the management features of your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 These features can be found under the Management heading in the main menu of the browser interfac
26. providing engineering solutions for TCP IP networks In the network management area this group is responsible for the development of the SNMP protocol IKE Internet Key Exchange An automated method for exchanging and managing encryption keys between two VPN devices Infrastructure Mode An 802 11 networking framework in which devices communicate with each other by first going through an Access Point AP In infrastructure mode wireless devices can communicate with each other or can communicate with a wired network When one AP is connected to wired network and a set of wireless stations it is referred to as a Basic Service Set BSS An Extended Service Set ESS is a set of two or more BSSs that form a single subnetwork Most corporate wireless LANs operate in infrastructure mode because they require access to the wired LAN in order to use services such as file servers or printers Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP is an extension to the Internet Protocol IP that supports packets containing error control and informational messages The PING command for example uses ICMP to test an Internet connection Internet Protocol The method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the Internet Each computer known as a host on the Internet has at least one IP address that uniquely identifies it among all other computers on the Internet When you send or receive data for example an e mail note or a Web page the
27. to view the Contents Index Search and Favorites tabs To view the HTML version of the manual you must have a version 4 or later browser with JavaScript enabled 2 Toolbar buttons Use the toolbar buttons across the top to navigate print pages and more The Show in Contents button locates the current topic in the Contents tab The Previous Next buttons display the previous or next topic POF The PDF button links to a PDF version of the full manual E The Print button prints the current topic Using this button when a step by step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages 3 Right pane Use the right pane to view the contents of the manual Also each page of the manual includesa PDF of This Chapter link at the top right which links to a PDF file containing just the currently selected chapter of the manual 1 2 About This Manual 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How to Print this Manual To print this manual you man choose one of the following several options according to your needs e Printing a How To Sequence of Steps in the HTML View Use the Print button on the upper right of the toolbar to print the currently displayed topic Using this button when a step by step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer you do not have to wor
28. used as the broadcast address for simultaneously sending a packet to all hosts with the same network address Netmask In each of the address classes previously described the size of the two parts network address and host address is implied by the class This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address A netmask is a 32 bit quantity that when logically combined using an AND operator with an IP address yields the network address For instance the netmasks for Class A B and C addresses are 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 and 255 255 255 0 respectively For example the address 192 168 170 237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits When combined using an AND operator with the Class C netmask as shown here only the network portion of the address remains 11000000 10101000 10101010 11101101 192 168 170 237 combined with 11111111 11111111 3211111111 00000000 255 255 255 0 Equals 11000000 10101000 10101010 00000000 192 168 170 0 As a shorter alternative to dotted decimal notation the netmask may also be expressed in terms of the number of ones from the left This number is appended to the IP address following a backward slash as n In the example the address could be written as 192 168 170 237 24 indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros Subnet Addressing By looking at the addressing structures you can see that even with
29. 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Is WPA Perfect WPA is not without its vulnerabilities Specifically it is susceptible to denial of service DoS attacks If the access point receives two data packets that fail the Message Integrity Code MIC check within 60 seconds of each other then the network is under an active attack and as a result the access point employs counter measures which includes disassociating each station using the access point This prevents an attacker from gleaning information about the encryption key and alerts administrators but it also causes users to lose network connectivity for 60 seconds More than anything else this may just prove that no single security tactic is completely invulnerable WPA is a definite step forward in WLAN security over WEP and has to be thought of as a single part of an end to end network security strategy Product Support for WPA Starting in August 2003 NETGEAR Inc wireless Wi Fi certified products will support the WPA standard NETGEAR Inc wireless products that had their Wi Fi certification approved before August 2003 will have one year to add WPA so as to maintain their Wi Fi certification WPA requires software changes to the following e Wireless access points e Wireless network adapters e Wireless client programs Supporting a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients To support the gradual transition of WEP based wireless networks
30. A T D 9 PP ENE E ATEAN EA E NAA TANA tla eed OAA VA T A D 9 o ONION VAE AEE TAE IN IE E A AAO E O EAEAN A A N A EN TA D 9 T a O D 10 U enna tel gdinnaces cadet et asap kdailen giaenscess dened henelaad amined ddnes Midd Seiten saanngenitasiaad D 10 A tesa eterna Aaa aed R EN EEE E E E EE A EA EE E eee D 10 Index Contents vii 202 10060 01 September 2004 viii Contents 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Chapter 1 About This Manual This chapter introduces the conventions and features of this document Audience Scope Conventions This manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills However tutorial information is provided in the Appendices on the Resource CD for the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 230 10106 01 and on the NETGEAR Web site This manual uses the following typographical conventions Table 1 Typographical conventions italics Emphasis bold User input Enter Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets SMALL CAPS DOS file and directory names This manual uses the following formats to highlight special messages Note This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest This manual is written according to these specifications Table 1 1 Manual Specifications Product Version 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 Manual Part N
31. Ethernet Port Use the WG602 v3 Ethernet RJ 45 port to connect to an Ethernet LAN through a device such as a hub switch or router Detachable Antenna The WG602 v3 provides a detachable antenna Be sure the antenna is securely fastened 2 6 Introduction 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Introduction 2 7 202 10060 01 September 2004 Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configuration This chapter describes how to set up your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 for wireless connectivity to your LAN This basic configuration will enable computers with 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters to do such things as connect to the Internet or access printers and files on your LAN You need to prepare these three things before you can establish a connection through your wireless access point e A location for the WG602 v3 that conforms to the guidelines below e A device such as a hub switch router or Cable DSL gateway e One or more computers with properly configured 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters Observing Placement and Range Guidelines Note Indoors computers can connect over wireless networks at ranges of several gt hundred feet or more This distance can allow for others outside your area to access your network It is important to take appropriate steps to secure your network from unauthorized access The WG602 v3 Access Point provides highly effecti
32. Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR M4101 USB Adapter YT TCP IP Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks bd Eile and Print Sharing Description You must have an Ethernet adapter or an WG602 v3 the TCP IP protocol and the Client for Microsoft Networks Note It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter TCP IP or Client for Microsoft Networks gt D 2 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point If you need to add TCP IP Click the Add button Select Protocol and then click Add Select Microsoft Select TCP IP and then click OK If you need to add the Client for Microsoft Networks Click the Add button Select Client and then click Add Select Microsoft Select Client for Microsoft Networks and then click OK ao FP aoe If you need to add File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks a Click the Add button b Select Client and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks and then click OK 3 Restart your PC for the changes to take effect Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings After the TCP IP protocol components are installed
33. PA is not available in bridge mode 3 3 Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 Follow the instructions below to set up and test basic wireless connectivity Once you have established basic wireless connectivity you can enable security settings and configure the advanced wireless functions Before installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 you should make sure that your Ethernet network is up and working You will be connecting the access point to the Ethernet network so that computers with 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters will be able to communicate with computers on the Ethernet network In order for this to work correctly verify that you have met all of the system requirements shown on page 2 3 1 SET UP THE WG602 v3 Access POINT Tip Before mounting the WG602 v3 in a high location first set up and test the WG602 v3 to verify wireless network connectivity a Prepare a PC with an Ethernet adapter If this PC is already part of your network record its TCP IP configuration settings b Configure the PC with a static IP address of 192 168 0 210 and 255 255 255 0 for the Subnet Mask c Connect an Ethernet cable from the WG602 v3 to the PC A WG602 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Figure 3 2 Set up the WG602 v3 d Turn on your computer connect the power ad
34. PEE A E PIET O E A A R Upgrading the Wireless Access Point aiii R PE E T Rebooting and Resetting Factory Default Options nny 5 Restoring the WG602 v3 to the Factory Default Setings eer rr os Using the Reset Button to Reboot or Restore Factory Defaults 0 0 cee 4 5 Changing the Administrator PASGWONd sii idisisctssceiervancssnitnrescmmientabinnecmmntondeanse GO Chapter 5 Advanced Configuration Understanding Advanced Wireless Settings s scriisisisisissisirenidinist uaiiie ed Configuring Wireless Distribution System Links PEIA EE cates 5 2 How to fonie liane iiai LRE a TEET pairan 2 Hijo to rioni Diets Multi Point Siddha N T Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Hee E tA dedi E eee No lights are f on iihi access spant EEN E E E N P EE E N The Ethernet LAN fight is not DE osinssiorisirsisnninaieiina naiai 6 1 The Wireless LAN activity light is not lit T A E E cannot configure the wireless access er from a BROWSOM sisscisscsisssssesiseein Oe cannot access the Internet or the LAN with a wireless capable canpa me When I enter a URL or IP address get a timeout error oo cececeecseeeeseeeseeeeeeeeees 6 3 Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings 00 cee 6 3 Appendix A Specifications Speciicatons Torthe WOBO VI sirapay aaaea aia A 1 iv Contents 202 10060 01 September 2004 Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics Wireless Networking Ove
35. Select I want to set up my Internet connection manually or I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next Select I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next Clear all check boxes in the LAN Internet Configuration screen and click Next Proceed to the end of the Wizard Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows 98 or Me After your PC is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration using the utility winipcfg exe 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 5 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Type winipcfg and then click OK The IP Configuration window opens which lists among other things your IP address subnet mask and default gateway From the drop down box select your Ethernet adapter The window is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 Configuring Windows 2000 or XP for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may n
36. a network P packet A block of information sent over a network A packet typically contains a source and destination network address some protocol and length information a block of data and a checksum Point to Point Protocol PPP A protocol allowing a computer using TCP IP to connect directly to the Internet PPP A protocol allowing a computer using TCP IP to connect directly to the Internet PPPoA PPPoA PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection PPPoE PPPoE PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection PPP over ATM PPPoA PPP over ATM is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection PPP over Ethernet PPPoE PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection PPTP Point to Point Tunneling Protocol A method for establishing a virtual private network VPN by embedding Microsoft s network protocol into Internet packets 8 Glossary 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Protocol A set of rules for communication between devices on a network PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network Q Qos See Quality o
37. able If SSID Broadcast is disabled only devices that have the correct SSID can connect Country Region This field identifies the region where the WG602 v3 can be used It may not be legal to operate the wireless features of the wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field There is no default country region and the channel is set to 11 Unless a region is selected the channel cannot be changed Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e Channel Frequency This field identifies which operating frequency will be used It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems or setting up the WG602 v3 near another access point See Wireless Channels on page B 2 for more information on wireless channels Access points use a fixed channel You can select the channel used This allows you to choose a channel which provides the least interference and best performance In the USA and Canada 11 channels are available Ifusing multiple access points it is better if adjacent access points use different channels to reduce interference The recommended channel spacing between adjacent access points is 5 channels for example use channels 1 and 6 or 6 and 11 In Infrastructure mode wireless stations normally scan all channels looking for an access p
38. al Specifications Operating temperature 0 to 50 C Operating humidity 5 95 non condensing Specifications A 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point A 2 202 10060 01 September 2004 Specifications Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics This chapter provides an overview of wireless networking and security Wireless Networking Overview The WG602 v3 Access Point conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11g standard for wireless LANs WLANs On an 802 11 wireless link data is encoded using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz The maximum data rate for the 802 11g wireless link is 54 Mbps but it will automatically back down from 54 Mbps when the radio signal is weak or when interference is detected The 802 11 standard is also called Wireless Ethernet or Wi Fi by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see hitp www wi fi net an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802 11 devices The 802 11 standard offers two methods for configuring a wireless network ad hoc and infrastructure Infrastructure Mode With a wireless access point you can operate the wireless LAN in the infrastructure mode This mode provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverag
39. al authentication so that a rogue wireless user does not join the network It s important to note that 802 1x doesn t provide the actual authentication mechanisms When using 802 1x the EAP type such as Transport Layer Security EAP TLS or EAP Tunneled Transport Layer Security EAP TTLS defines how the authentication takes place Note For environments with a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS infrastructure WPA supports Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP For environments without a RADIUS infrastructure WPA supports the use of a preshared key Together these technologies provide a framework for strong user authentication Windows XP implements 802 1x natively and several Netgear switch and wireless access point products support 802 1x B 12 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Client with a WPA enabled wireless adapter and supplicant Win XP Funk For example a For example a Meetinghouse etc WPA enabled AP RADIUS server K yr p x J Supplicant Authenticator Authenticating Server 2onstenge 4 Identity Identity gt gt Request Request Credentials Credentials Credentials Credentials gt G uthentication Authentication Key Key Uncontrolled Port LAN gt Resources Controlled Port Figure B 4 802 1x Authentication Sequence The AP sends Beac
40. ample to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255 255 255 0 into 16 subnets 4 bits the new subnet mask becomes 255 255 255 240 Table C 1 Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet Number of Bits Dotted Decimal Value ON O oa A WwW N 128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255 The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted decimal and the masklength formats Table C 2 Netmask Formats Dotted Decimal Masklength 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 255 255 255 0 255 255 255 128 255 255 255 192 255 255 255 224 255 255 255 240 255 255 255 248 255 255 255 252 255 255 255 254 255 255 255 255 8 16 124 125 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the same netmask for the following reasons C 6 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address In order for this scheme to work all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address e So that a local router or bridge recognizes which addresses are local and which are remote Private IP Addresses If your local network is isolated from the Internet for examp
41. and accurate 3 Verify connectivity across the LANs e If you check the Enable Wireless Client Association checkbox wireless clients will also be able to use the AP e A computer on any LAN segment should be able to connect to the Internet or share files and printers with any other PCs or servers connected to any of the three LAN segments e If Access Control Lists are enabled on the APs only computers in the access control list will be able to use the AP Note You can extend this multi point bridging by adding additional WG602 v3s configured in Point to Point mode for additional wireless LAN segments Advanced Configuration 5 5 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point 5 6 202 10060 01 September 2004 Advanced Configuration Chapter 6 Troubleshooting This chapter provides information about troubleshooting your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 After each problem description instructions are given to help you diagnose and solve the problem For the common problems listed go to the section indicated e Is the WG602 v3 on e Have I connected the wireless access point correctly Go to Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 on page 3 4 e I cannot remember the wireless access point s configuration password Go to Changing the Administrator Password on page 4 6 Note For up to date WG602 v3 installation details and troublesho
42. apter to the WG602 v3 and verify the following 9 The power light goes on rm The LAN light of the wireless access point is lit when connected to a powered on PC Basic Installation and Configuration 3 4 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point 2 CONFIGURE LAN AND WIRELESS ACCESS The WG602 Wireless Access Point can be configured remotely from Microsoft Internet Explorer browser version 5 0 or above or Netscape Navigator web browser version 4 78 or above on your computer 1 The WG602 v3 is set by default to be a DHCP client So if the WG602 v3 has not yet been installed and there is no DHCP server on the network you can log in to the WG602 v3 using its default IP address 192 168 0 227 is the default IP address of your access point Note This procedure which uses a static IP configuration If WG602 v3 has already been installed or it is connected to a network where there as a DHCP server as commonly found in home routers you can the NetBIOS login described in How to Log In to the WG602 v3 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name on page 3 9 2 Open a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator 3 Connect to the WG602 v3 by entering its default address of http 192 168 0 227 into your browser ddress 192 168 0 227 x e A login window like the one shown below opens Enter Password User name admin x Password feceoeeee
43. ase sensitive The SSID in the wireless adapter card must match the SSID of the wireless access point In some configuration utilities such as in Windows XP the term wireless network name is used instead of SSID If WEP Authentication is Used Circle one Open System Shared Key or Auto Note If you select Shared Key the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to Shared Key as well and are configured with the correct key WEP Encryption key size Choose one 64 bit or 128 bit Again the encryption key size must be the same for the wireless adapters and the wireless access point Data Encryption WEP Keys There are two methods for creating WEP data encryption keys Whichever method you use record the key values in the spaces below e Passphrase method These characters are case sensitive Enter a word or group of printable characters and click the Generate Keys button Not all wireless devices support the passphrase method e Manual method These values are not case sensitive For 64 bit WEP enter 10 hex digits any combination of 0 9 or a f For 128 bit WEP enter 26 hex digits Key 1 Key 2 Key 3 Key 4 If WPA PSK Authentication is Used Passphrase These characters are case sensitive Enter a word or group of printable characters When you use WPA PSK the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to WPA PSK as well and are configured with the correct Passph
44. ata using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the 802 11 network uses Shared Key Authentication Note Some 802 11 access points also support Use WEP for Authentication Only Shared Key Authentication without data encryption However the WG602 v3 does not offer this option WPA Wireless Security Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a specification of standards based interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for existing and future wireless LAN systems The IEEE introduced the WEP as an optional security measure to secure 802 11b Wi Fi WLANs but inherent weaknesses in the standard soon became obvious In response to this situation the Wi Fi Alliance announced a new security architecture in October 2002 that remedies the short comings of WEP This standard formerly known as Safe Secure Network SSN is designed to work with existing 802 11 products and offers forward compatibility with 802 111 the new wireless security architecture being defined in the IEEE WPA offers the following benefits B 8 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e Enhanced data privacy e Robust key management e Data origin authentication e Data integrity protection The Wi Fi Alliance is now performing interoperability certification testing on Wi Fi Protected Access products Starting August of 2003 all
45. benefits Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the organization Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting To create more network numbers you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address For instance to partition a Class C network number 192 68 135 0 into two you shift one bit from the host address to the network address The new netmask or subnet mask is 255 255 255 128 The first subnet has network number 192 68 135 0 with hosts 192 68 135 1 to 129 68 135 126 and the second subnet has network number 192 68 135 128 with hosts 192 68 135 129 to 192 68 135 254 S Note The number 192 68 135 127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address lt of the first subnet The number 192 68 135 128 is not assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 5 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted decimal notation To use the table write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted decimal value of the additional subnet bits For ex
46. bps Wireless Access Point Configuring Wireless Distribution System Links The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 lets you build large wireless networks Examples of wireless bridging configurations are e Point to point e Multi point These features are discussed below How to Configure Wireless Bridge Links To configure wireless bridge links follow these steps 1 Click the Wireless Bridging link in the Advanced section of the main menu Wireless Bridging Access Point Mode O Access Point O Wireless Point to Point Bridging PTP Enable Wireless Client Association Remote MAC Address Wireless Multi Point Bridging Enable Wireless Client Association Remote MAC Address J 2 k ae Figure 5 1 Wireless Bridging page 2 Select the radio button for the wireless access point mode you want to configure 3 Click Apply to save your settings 5 2 Advanced Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How to Configure a WG602 v3 as a Point to Point Bridge Wireless PC Card in a Notebook Computer Point to Point Mode i o Wireless PC Cal rd in a Notebook Computer Point to Point Mode Router INTERNET Hub or Switch 192 168 0 1 fo E gg o LAN ay aa Segment 1 LAN Figure 5 2 Wireless Point to Point Bridging 1 Configure AP1 in Point to Point mode with the MAC address of AP2 and
47. browser Check these items e The WG602 v3 is properly installed LAN connections are OK and it is powered on Check that the LAN port LED is amber or green to verify that the Ethernet connection is OK e Ifyou are using the NetBIOS name of the WG602 v3 to connect ensure that your PC and the WG602 v3 are on the same network segment or that there is a WINS server on your network e If your PC uses a Fixed Static IP address ensure that it is using an IP Address in the range of the WG602 v3 The WG602 v3 default IP Address is 192 168 0 227 and the default Subnet Mask is 255 255 255 0 If you are not sure about these settings follow the instructions for Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 on page 3 4 cannot access the Internet or the LAN with a wireless capable computer There is a configuration problem Check these items e You may not have restarted the computer with the wireless adapter to have TCP IP changes take effect Restart the computer 6 2 Troubleshooting 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e The computer with the wireless adapter may not have the correct TCP IP settings to communicate with the network Restart the computer and check that TCP IP is set up properly for that network The usual setting for Windows Network Properties is Obtain an IP address automatically e The access point s default values may not work with your
48. ccess points in your network 3 15 Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e Automatic enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button The four key boxes will be automatically populated with key values e Manual enter ten hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F Select which of the four keys will be active See WEP Wireless Security on page B 4 for a full explanation of each of these options as defined by the IEEE 802 11 wireless communication standard 5 Click Apply to save your settings How to Configure WPA PSK Wireless Security Note Not all wireless adapters support WPA Furthermore client software is also required Windows XP and Windows 2000 with service pack 3 do include WPA support Nevertheless the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA For instructions on configuring wireless PCs or PDAs for WPA PSK security consult the documentation for the product you are using To configure WPA PSK follow these steps 1 Click the Security Settings link in the Setup section of the main menu and select WPA PSK for the Security Type Security Settings Wi Fi Protected Access WPA Security Type WPA PSK ha Use WPA with pre shared key Password Phrase 8 63 characters Cancel Figure 3 11 WPA Settings menu 2 Enter a w
49. com is the domain DoS A hacker attack designed to prevent your computer or network from operating or communicating DSL Short for digital subscriber line but is commonly used in reference to the asymmetric version of this technology ADSL that allows data to be sent over existing copper telephone lines at data rates of from 1 5 to 9 Mbps when receiving data known as the downstream rate and from 16 to 640 Kbps when sending data known as the upstream rate ADSL requires a special ADSL modem ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world gain access DSLAM DSL Access Multiplexor The piece of equipment at the telephone company central office that provides the ADSL signal Glossary 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP is a protocol for assigning dynamic IP addresses to devices on a network With dynamic addressing a device can have a different IP address every time it connects to the network In some systems the device s IP address can even change while it is still connected DHCP also supports a mix of static and dynamic IP addresses Dynamic addressing simplifies network administration because the software tracks IP addresses rather than requiring an administrator to manage the task A new computer can be added to a network without the hassle of manually assigning it a unique IP address E EAP Extensible Au
50. crypted text matches the original challenge text then the access point and the station share the same WEP Key and the access point authenticates the station The station connects to the network If the decrypted text does not match the original challenge text i e the access point and station do not share the same WEP Key then the access point will refuse to authenticate the station and the station will be unable to communicate with either the 802 11 network or Ethernet network Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Key Size and Configuration The IEEE 802 11 standard supports two types of WEP encryption 40 bit and 128 bit The 64 bit WEP data encryption method allows for a five character 40 bit input Additionally 24 factory set bits are added to the forty bit input to generate a 64 bit encryption key The 24 factory set bits are not user configurable This encryption key will be used to encrypt decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface Some vendors refer to the 64 bit WEP data encryption as 40 bit WEP data encryption since the user configurable portion of the encryption key is 40 bits wide The 128 bit WEP data encryption method consists of 104 user configurable bits Similar to the forty bit WEP data encryption method the remaining 24 bits are factory set and not user configurable Some vendors allow passphrases to be entered i
51. cturers see the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance Web site WECA see http www wi fi net The following NETGEAR products work with the WG602 v3 Access Point e WABS501 a b Dual Band Wireless PC Card Adapter e MA401 802 11b Wireless PC Card e WG511 802 11g Wireless CardBus Adapter e MAII11 802 11b Wireless USB Adapter e MA311 802 11b Wireless PCI Adapter e MA701 802 11b Wireless Compact Flash Card e WAG511 802 11a g Wireless CardBus Adapter e MA701 802 11b Compact Flash Wireless Adapter e WGE101 802 11g Wireless Bridge e WG311 802 11g Wireless PCI Adapter e WAG311 802 11a g Wireless PCI Adapter System Requirements Before installing the WG602 v3 make sure your network meets these requirements e A hub switch or Cable DSL router with an available 10 100 Mbps Ethernet port e A Category 5 UTP straight through Ethernet cable with RJ 45 connector included in the package or one like it e A 100 240 V 50 60 HZ AC power source e A Web browser for configuration such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 or above or Netscape Navigator 4 78 or above Introduction 2 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e At least one Pentium class computer or equivalent with the TCP IP protocol installed e Other 802 11b or 802 11g compliant devices What s In the Box The product package should contain the following items e 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602
52. curity Settings MAC Address 00 09 5B 5A4 49 B1 Access Control Region None Firmware Version 3 112 Current IP Settings y IP Address 192 168 0 227 eee eee Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Restore Factory Default Default Gateway 0 0 0 0 Station List DHCP Client Enable Reboot AP Change Password Current Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Channel 11 2 462GHz Encryption Type WEP 64bits Access Control Enable Wireless Settings Wireless Bridging Knowledge Base Documentation Logout Figure 3 5 Login result WG602 v3 home page The browser will then display the WG602 v3 settings home page When the wireless access point is connected to the Internet click the Knowledge Base or the Documentation link under the Web Support menu to view support information or the documentation for the wireless access point If you do not click Logout the wireless access point will wait 5 minutes after there is no activity before it automatically logs you out Basic Installation and Configuration 3 8 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How to Log In to the WG602 v3 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 can be configured remotely from Microsoft Internet Explorer browser version 5 0 or above or Netscape Navigator Web browser version 4 78 or above You can connect to the WG602 v3 by using its default NetBIOS name or its default IP ad
53. ding to the following European standards e EN 301489 1 V1 2 1 2000 08 e EN 301 489 17 V1 1 1 2000 09 EN60950 EN300328 202 10060 01 September 2004 202 10060 01 September 2004 Contents Chapter 1 About This Manual Audience Scope Conventions sidccsissediessissieinossitinaieasiveaedansibeNiasiaenalanusenieIaeaNs 1 1 How w Use mis Mantal sasareanna N 1 2 Howo Pimi tis Manual soeces A aaa ENET 1 3 Chapter 2 Introduction About the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 V3 cccccssseeceeesesteeeeeesensaeeeeeseaaas 2 1 Me eel IMi eTa e Ue e EAT AT E T A EET 2 1 Key FaU S eessen i a 2 2 802 11g Standards based Wireless Networking eseessseesssssssrsssrrsssrrsssrnessrnsssessrens 2 2 Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink ssessesssesesssssresssesreeereesses 2 3 Compatible and Related NETGEAR Products 00 ccccccceceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeetaeeeseneees 2 3 SLI PRINS sinisini kaaa aa a aa a 2 3 Vas nie Bok sessi osernr re rpeerr rrr tracy rrr Tren rrerrser Tre 2 4 Hawwe DOS UNI a tues acne pean tad caSlen apps uadnra phbdanapeatiunn aa peuaeetea pieces 2 5 WG602 v3 Wireless Access Point Front Panel c cccccccccssssceeeeeseeeseeesseeseeeeees 2 5 WG602 v3 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel ccccccccssseeeeeeeeesseeeeeesssneeeeeenees 2 6 Ponor GOCO sennunnin i e nna 2 6 Reset and Restore to Factory Defaults Button esssessesesssssnnnnnenessnersernnnnnen 2 6 Fade Ehemel PO de
54. dress The instructions for connecting using the default NetBIOS name are below The instructions for connecting using the default IP address follow this section 1 Determine the NetBIOS name of your access point To find the NetBIOS name refer to the labels on the bottom of your access point The access point NetBIOS name is formed from the word NETGEAR and last 6 digits of the access point s MAC address on the label on the bottom of the unit It is formatted like NETGEAR 123456 with no spaces or delimiters Note If the computer you are using to connect to the WG602 v3 is on a different subnet you will not be able to connect via its NetBIOS name unless there is a WINS server on your LAN If the NetBIOS name login fails use the procedure for How to Log in Using the Default IP Address of the WG602 v3 on page 3 7 2 Open a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator 3 Log in to the WG602 v3 using the NetBIOS name you found on the bottom of the unit In this example you see NETGEAR123456 in the browser address or location box There is no space between NETGEAR and the 6 digits of the access point name You do not need to include www or http Address NETGEAR 123456 Figure 3 6 Example WG602 v3 NetBIOS name in browser address bar 4 A login window like the one shown below opens Enter Password User name al admin v Password Serer Remember my password
55. e Viewing General Information The Information summarizes of the current WG602 v3 configuration settings From the main menu of the browser interface click Information to view the system status screen shown below Information Access Point Information Access Point Name netgearS58fabd MAC Address 00 09 5B 58 FA BD Region None Firmware Version 0 9re8 Current IP Settings IP Address 192 168 0 227 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 0 0 0 0 DHCP Client Enable Current Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Channel 11 2 462GHz Encryption Type OFF Access Control Disable Figure 4 1 Wireless Access Point Status screen This screen shows the following parameters Management 202 10060 01 September 2004 4 1 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Table 4 1 General Information Fields Field Access Point Information Access Point Name MAC Address Region Firmware Version Description The default name can be changed if desired Displays the Media Access Control address MAC Addresses of the wireless access point s Ethernet port Displays the country or region for which the wireless access point is licensed for use It may not be legal to operate this wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field The version of the firmware currently installed Current IP Settings IP Address Subnet Mask Defaul
56. e It provides connectivity between wired Ethernet networks and radio equipped wireless notebook systems desktop systems print servers and other devices The WG602 v3 provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage interacting with a wireless network interface card NIC via an antenna Typically an in doors access point provides a maximum connectivity area with about a 300 foot radius The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 can support a small group of users in a range of several hundred feet Most access points are rated for up to 32 users simultaneously The auto sensing capability of the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 allows packet transmission at up to 54 Mbps or at reduced speeds to compensate for distance or electromagnetic noise interference Support for Standards The following standards and conventions are supported e Standards Compliant The WG602 v3 Access Point complies with the IEEE 802 11g DSSS e WEP support Support for WEP is included Both 64 bit and 128 bit keys are supported e WPA PSK support Support for Wi Fi Protected Access WPA data encryption which provides strong data encryption and authentication based on a pre shared key e Dynamic WEP key Support Fixed or Dynamic WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy keys can be used e DHCP Client Support DHCP provides a dynamic IP address to PCs and other devices upon request The WG602 v3 can act
57. e interacting with wireless nodes via an antenna In the infrastructure mode the wireless access point converts airwave data into wired Ethernet data acting as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients Connecting multiple access points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further extend the wireless network coverage As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point it moves into the range of another As a result wireless clients can freely roam from one access point domain to another and still maintain seamless network connection Wireless Networking Basics B 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Ad Hoc Mode Peer to Peer Workgroup In an ad hoc network computers are brought together as needed thus there is no structure or fixed points to the network each node can generally communicate with any other node There is no access point involved in this configuration This mode enables you to quickly set up a small wireless workgroup and allows workgroup members to exchange data or share printers as supported by Microsoft networking in the various Windows operating systems Some vendors also refer to ad hoc networking as peer to peer group networking In this configuration network packets are directly sent and received by the intended transmitting and receiving stations As long as the stations are within range of one another this is the easiest and
58. e Card NIC is already installed in your PC then TCP IP is probably already installed as well Most operating systems include the software components you need for networking with TCP IP Windows 95 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network In your TCP IP network each PC and the wireless access point must be assigned a unique IP addresses Each PC must also have certain other TCP IP configuration information such as a subnet mask netmask a domain name server DNS address and a default gateway address In most cases you should install TCP IP so that the PC obtains its specific network configuration information automatically from a DHCP server during startup Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Configuring Windows 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on your PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network window opens which displays a list of installed components Ca zx Configuration
59. e characters are not case sensitive Note Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support passphrase key generation e Auto WPA PSK WPA Pre shared Key does perform authentication uses 128 bit data encryption and dynamically changes the encryption keys making it nearly impossible to circumvent Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Password Phrase box These characters are case sensitive Note Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support WPA Furthermore client software is required on the client Windows XP and Windows 2000 with Service Pack 3 do include the client software that supports WPA Nevertheless the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings Before customizing your wireless settings print this form and record the following information If you are working with an existing wireless network the person who set up or is responsible for the network will be able to provide this information Otherwise you will choose the settings for your wireless network Either way record the settings for your wireless network in the spaces below e Wireless Network Name SSID The SSID identifies the wireless network You can use up to 32 alphanumeric characters The SSID is c
60. e increase over networks with minimal channel separation B 2 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point The radio frequency channels used are listed in Table B 1 Table B 1 802 11b Radio Frequency Channels Channel Center Frequency Frequency Spread 1 2412 MHz 2399 5 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2 2417 MHz 2404 5 MHz 2429 5 MHz 3 2422 MHz 2409 5 MHz 2434 5 MHz 4 2427 MHz 2414 5 MHz 2439 5 MHz 5 2432 MHz 2419 5 MHz 2444 5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2449 5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429 5 MHz 2454 5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434 5 MHz 2459 5 MHz 9 2452 MHz 2439 5 MHz 2464 5 MHz 10 2457 MHz 2444 5 MHz 2469 5 MHz 11 2462 MHz 2449 5 MHz 2474 5 MHz 12 2467 MHz 2454 5 MHz 2479 5 MHz 13 2472 MHz 2459 5 MHz 2484 5 MHz Note The available channels supported by the wireless products in various countries are different The preferred channel separation between the channels in neighboring wireless networks is 25 MHz 5 channels This means that you can apply up to three different channels within your wireless network There are only 11 usable wireless channels in the United States It is recommended that you start using channel 1 and grow to use channel 6 and 11 when necessary as these three channels do not overlap Wireless Networking Basics B 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wir
61. e power adapter in to a power outlet The power LAN and wireless lights and should light up 4 VERIFY WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY Using a computer with an 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapter with the correct wireless settings needed to connect to the WG602 v3 SSID MAC ACL WEP WPA etc verify connectivity by using a browser such as Netscape or Internet Explorer to browse the Internet or check for file and printer access on your network If you cannot connect see Troubleshooting on page 6 1 Two Ways to Log In to the WG602 v3 The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 can be configured remotely from Microsoft Internet Explorer browser version 5 0 or above or Netscape Navigator Web browser version 4 78 or above You can log in to the WG602 v3 in these two ways e Using the Default IP Address of the WG602 v3 is the most reliable e Using the NetBIOS name of the WG602 v3 is not as reliable as using the IP Address The procedures for these two ways of logging in to the WG602 v3 are presented here Basic Installation and Configuration 3 6 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How to Log in Using the Default IP Address of the WG602 v3 1 192 168 0 227 is the default IP address of your access point However the WG602 v3 is also set by default to be a DHCP client So if the WG602 v3 has not yet been installed and there is no DHCP server on the network you can log in to
62. each PC must be assigned specific information about itself and resources that are available on its network The simplest way to configure this information is to allow the PC to obtain the information from a DHCP server in the network You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 98 and Me gD In Windows 98 and Me systems locate your Network Neighborhood icon e If the Network Neighborhood icon is on the Windows desktop position your mouse pointer over it and right click your mouse button e Ifthe icon is not on the desktop e Click Start on the task bar located at the bottom left of the window e Choose Settings and then Control Panel e Locate the Network Neighborhood icon and click it This will open the Network panel as shown below 2 Netvork X i Configuration ificati Verify the following settings as shown guration Identification Access Conta 7 The following network components are installed e Client for Microsoft Network exists E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR MA101 USB Adapter e Ethernet adapter is present e TCP IP is
63. ed port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network Uplink Switches Crossover Cables and MDI MDIX Switching In the wiring table above the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the PC which is wired as Media Dependant Interface MDI In this wiring the PC transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 This wiring is referred to as Media Dependant Interface Crossover MDI X When connecting a PC to a PC or a hub port to another hub port the transmit pair must be exchanged with the receive pair This exchange is done by one of two mechanisms Most hubs provide an Uplink switch which will exchange the pairs on one port allowing that port to be connected to another hub using a normal Ethernet cable The second method is to use a crossover cable which is a special cable in which the transmit and receive pairs are exchanged at one of the two cable connectors Crossover cables are often unmarked as such and must be identified by comparing the two connectors Since the cable connectors are clear plastic it is easy to place them side by side and view the order of the wire colors on each On a straight through cable the color order will be the same on both connectors On a crossover cable the orange and blue pairs will be exchanged from one connector to the other C 14 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User
64. eed to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network and Dialup Connections icon 3 Ifan Ethernet adapter is present in your PC you should see an entry for Local Area Connection Double click that entry 4 Select Properties 5 Verify that Client for Microsoft Networks and Internet Protocol TCP IP are present If not select Install and add them 6 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP click Properties and verify that Obtain an IP address automatically is selected 7 Click OK and close all Network and Dialup Connections windows 8 Then restart your PC D 6 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows In Windows XP and 2000 systems locate your Network Neighborhood icon e Select Control Panel from the Windows XP Start Menu e Select the Network Connections icon on the Control Panel
65. eeeeeeeeeteeeeteeeettteeeteeeeee BO16 Changes to Wireless Network Adapters c ccccesceeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeneenaees B 17 Changes to Wireless Client Programs ccccccesseeeeeeeeeeteeeeeseeeeesaaeeeeaees B 18 Appendix C Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics Basic Router Concepts ETE ER APRE EAN init E EN AE PEAT E B 1 Vna e a ROO serena idee aati B 1 IP Addresses and the Internet E E AE E E E A ee MEE E E E nase sea E T E E A E E A Ney B 4 SURET MCE SGI siina a aa B 4 Private IP AAC ese monnicnre raia A eee ente ddan B 7 Single IP Address Operation Using NAT corekan B 7 IP Terie ain by DHOP css ezceryis et acrra Sse was sk kaaa EASE B 8 Contents 202 10060 01 September 2004 Domain Name Server ae tr peka Ea Ge 26s ace bi nteut E a A E E Neem memes anete ame RIP MAC A Addresses and ARP Internet Security and Firewalls wccsccses cesccaconsdecannasesetacdemsuveiaanneatantaaaaccsreaanceeneceniancetoneiaee Whee Firewall ont MR RON Stateful Packet negacion L A E E E EE A A AE T T TTA B 11 Denil o canis Aa K ennaa a Ethernet GABINO ssie ATA B 11 Category 5 Cable Quality o AA E EEEE E E EE E Ole Inside Twisted Pair Cables eases a E E E Uplink Switches Crossover Cables and J MDI MDIX Switching LEAT B 14 Appendix D Preparing Your PCs for Network Access Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking c ceccscseceeeceeeeeeeeeteteetersneteeteaeee C 1 Configuring Wind
66. eless Access Point WEP Wireless Security The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes the wireless links vulnerable to eavesdropping and information theft To provide a certain level of security the IEEE 802 11 standard has defined two types of authentication methods Open System and Shared Key With Open System authentication a wireless PC can join any network and receive any messages that are not encrypted With Shared Key authentication only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the network By default IEEE 802 11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network Recently Wi Fi the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance hittp www wi fi net developed the Wi Fi Protected Access WPA a new strongly enhanced Wi Fi security WPA will soon be incorporated into the IEEE 802 11 standard WEP and WPA are discussed below WEP Authentication The 802 11 standard defines several services that govern how two 802 11 devices communicate The following events must occur before an 802 11 Station can communicate with an Ethernet network through an access point such as the one built in to the WG602 v3 1 Turn on the wireless station The station listens for messages from any access points that are in range The station finds a message from an access point that has a matching SSID The station sends an authentication request to the access point The access point authenticates the station The station
67. eless network adapters must have their firmware updated to support the following e The new WPA information element Wireless clients must be able to process the WPA information element and respond with a specific security configuration e The WPA two phase authentication Open system then 802 1x EAP or preshared key e TKIP e Michael e AES optional To upgrade your wireless network adapters to support WPA obtain a WPA update from your wireless network adapter vendor and update the wireless network adapter driver For Windows wireless clients you must obtain an updated network adapter driver that supports WPA For wireless network adapter drivers that are compatible with Windows XP Service Pack 1 and Windows Server 2003 the updated network adapter driver must be able to pass the adapter s WPA capabilities and security configuration to the Wireless Zero Configuration service Microsoft has worked with many wireless vendors to embed the WPA firmware update in the wireless adapter driver So to update you Windows wireless client all you have to do is obtain the new WPA compatible driver and install the driver The firmware is automatically updated when the wireless network adapter driver is loaded in Windows Wireless Networking Basics B 17 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Changes to Wireless Client Programs Wireless client programs must be updated to permit the conf
68. erference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help RF Exposure Requirements WARNING To ensure compliance with FCC RF exposure requirements the antenna used for this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm 8 in from all persons and must not be co located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or radio transmitter Installers and end users must follow the installation instructions provided in this user guide 202 10060 01 September 2004 Radio Frequency Interference Requirements This device is restricted to indoor use due to its operation in the 2 4 GHz frequency range FCC requires this product to be used indoors in 2 4 GHz the frequency range to reduce the potential for harmful interference to co channel Mobile Satellite systems Regulatory Compliance Information This device is restricted to indoor use due to reduce the potential for harmful interference to co channel Mobile Satellite and Radar Systems Canadian Department of Communications Compliance S
69. erver will either send an accept or reject message to the access point 6 The access point sends an EAP success packet or reject packet to the client 7 Ifthe authentication server accepts the client then the access point will transition the client s port to an authorized state and forward additional traffic The important part to know at this point is that the software supporting the specific EAP type resides on the authentication server and within the operating system or application supplicant software on the client devices The access point acts as a pass through for 802 1x messages which means that you can specify any EAP type without needing to upgrade an 802 1x compliant access point As a result you can update the EAP authentication type to such devices as token cards Smart Cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication or as newer types become available and your requirements for security change WPA Data Encryption Key Management With 802 1x the rekeying of unicast encryption keys is optional Additionally 802 11 and 802 1x provide no mechanism to change the global encryption key used for multicast and broadcast traffic With WPA rekeying of both unicast and global encryption keys is required For the unicast encryption key the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP changes the key for every frame and the change is synchronized between the wireless client and the wireless access poi
70. etwork traffic optimization in settings with multiple WG602 v3 Access Points Remember to click Apply to save your changes Basic Installation and Configuration 3 10 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Understanding the Basic Wireless Settings To configure the wireless settings of your wireless access point click the Wireless Settings link in the Setup section of the main menu of the browser interface The Wireless Settings page appears as shown below Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR SSID Broadcast Enable Country Region Select Country Region Channel Frequency 11 2 462GHz x Mode gandb Data Rate Best s Figure 3 9 Basic Wireless Settings page The Basic Wireless Settings options are discussed below Wireless Network Name SSID The SSID is also known as the wireless network name Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters the characters are case sensitive In a setting where there is more than one wireless network different wireless network names provide a means for separating the traffic Any device you want to participate in a particular wireless network needs to use the SSID The WG602 v3 default SSID is NETGEAR Note Different access points within an area can use different channels To reduce interference adjacent access points should use different channels SSID Broadcast The default is En
71. f Service Quality of Service QoS is a networking term that specifies a guaranteed level of throughput Throughput is the amount of data transferred from one device to another or processed in a specified amount of time typically throughputs are measured in bytes per second Bps R RADIUS Short for Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS is an authentication system Using RADIUS you must enter your user name and password before gaining access to a network This information is passed to a RADIUS server which checks that the information is correct and then authorizes access Though not an official standard the RADIUS specification is maintained by a working group of the IETF RFC Request For Comment Refers to documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF proposing standard protocols and procedures for the Internet RFCs can be found at www ietf org router A device that forwards data between networks An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses S SSID A Service Set Identification is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying a wireless local area network For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other all devices must Glossary 9 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point be configured with the same SSID This is typically the configuration parameter for a wirele
72. for each preshared key authentication Michael With 802 11 and WEP data integrity is provided by a 32 bit integrity check value ICV that is appended to the 802 11 payload and encrypted with WEP Although the ICV is encrypted you can use cryptanalysis to change bits in the encrypted payload and update the encrypted ICV without being detected by the receiver With WPA a method known as Michael specifies a new algorithm that calculates an 8 byte message integrity code MIC using the calculation facilities available on existing wireless devices The MIC is placed between the data portion of the IEEE 802 11 frame and the 4 byte ICV The MIC field is encrypted together with the frame data and the ICV Michael also provides replay protection A new frame counter in the IEEE 802 11 frame is used to prevent replay attacks AES Support One of the encryption methods supported by WPA beside TKIP is the advanced encryption standard AES although AES support will not be required initially for Wi Fi certification This is viewed as the optimal choice for security conscience organizations but the problem with AES is that it requires a fundamental redesign of the NIC s hardware in both the station and the access point TKIP was a pragmatic compromise that allows organizations to deploy better security while AES capable equipment is being designed manufactured and incrementally deployed Wireless Networking Basics B 15 202 10060 01 September
73. g the internal LAN IP addresses to a single address that is globally unique on the Internet The internal LAN IP addresses can be either private addresses or registered addresses For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 7 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation Private IP addresses assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192 168 0 2 Sader Bom Bees mo Leri Figure C 3 Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router This filtering can prevent intruders from probing your system However using port forwarding you can allow one PC for example a Web server on your local network to be accessible to outside users For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP based local area network is installed each PC must be configured with an IP address If the PCs need to access the Internet they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or
74. he IEEE specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over Category 5 twisted pair cable gain access Glossary 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point A Access Control List An ACL is a database that an Operating System uses to track each user s access rights to system objects such as file directories and or files ACL See Access Control List Ad hoc Mode An 802 11 networking framework in which devices or stations communicate directly with each other without the use of an access point AP Ad hoc mode is also referred to as peer to peer mode or an Independent Basic Service Set IBSS Ad hoc mode is useful for establishing a network where wireless infrastructure does not exist or where services are not required ADSL Short for asymmetric digital subscriber line a technology that allows data to be sent over existing copper telephone lines at data rates of from 1 5 to 9 Mbps when receiving data known as the downstream rate and from 16 to 640 Kbps when sending data known as the upstream rate ADSL requires a special ADSL modem ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world gain access B Bandwidth The information capacity measured in bits per second that a channel could transmit Bandwidth examples include 10 Mbps for Ethernet 100 Mbps for Fast Ethernet and 1000 Mbps I Gbps for Gigabit Ethernet Baud The signaling rate of a line that i
75. hod that uses a statically configured pass phrase on both the stations and the access point This obviates the need for an authentication server which in many home and small office environments will not be available nor desirable Possible cipher suites include WEP TKIP and AES Advanced Encryption Standard We ll talk more TKIP and AES when addressing data privacy below e Authentication EAP over 802 1X is used for authentication Mutual authentication is gained by choosing an EAP type supporting this feature and is required by WPA 802 1X port access control prevents full access to the network until authentication completes 802 1X EAPOL Key packets are used by WPA to distribute per session keys to those stations successfully authenticated The supplicant in the station uses the authentication and cipher suite information contained in the information elements to decide which authentication method and cipher suite to use For example if the access point is using the Pre shared key method then the supplicant need not authenticate using full blown 802 1X Rather the supplicant must simply prove to the access point that it is in possession of the pre shared key If the supplicant detects that the service set does not contain a WPA information element then it knows it must use pre WPA 802 1X authentication and key management in order to access the network e Key management WPA features a robust key generation management system that integrates
76. ide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point D 12 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access 202 10060 01 September 2004 Glossary Use the list below to find definitions for technical terms used in this manual Numeric 802 1x 802 1x defines port based network access control used to provide authenticated network access and automated data encryption key management The IEEE 802 1x draft standard offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as dynamically varying encryption keys 802 1x uses a protocol called EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol and supports multiple authentication methods such as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 802 11a IEEE specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps operating in unlicensed radio bands over 5GHz 802 11b IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz 802 119 An IEEE specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz 802 11g is backwards compatible with 802 11b 10BASE T The IEEE specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over Category 3 4 or 5 twisted pair cable 100BASE TX T
77. iguration of WPA authentication and preshared key and the new WPA encryption algorithms TKIP and the optional AES component To obtain the Microsoft WPA client program visit the following Microsoft Web site B 18 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 Appendix C Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks routing and wireless networking As you read this document you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information An RFC is a Request For Comment RFC published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet The documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www ietf org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide Basic Router Concepts Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network LAN However providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive Because of this expense Internet access is usually provided by a slower speed wide area network WAN link such as a cable or DSL modem In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet The function of select
78. in information about your network or at the least can disrupt your Internet access A greater degree of protection is provided by a firewall router C 10 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point What is a Firewall A firewall is a device that protects one network from another while allowing communication between the two A firewall incorporates the functions of the NAT router while adding features for dealing with a hacker intrusion or attack Several known types of intrusion or attack can be recognized when they occur When an incident is detected the firewall can log details of the attempt and can optionally send email to an administrator notifying them of the incident Using information from the log the administrator can take action with the ISP of the hacker In some types of intrusions the firewall can fend off the hacker by discarding all further packets from the hacker s IP address for a period of time Stateful Packet Inspection Unlike simple Internet sharing routers a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and intrusions Since user level applications such as FTP and Web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection states Using Stateful Packet Inspect
79. ing and forwarding this data is performed by a router What is a Router A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router In these routing tables a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network Using this information the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic Routers vary in performance and scale number of routing protocols supported and types of physical WAN connection they support The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single user broadband connection Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point IP Addresses and the Internet Because TCP IP networks are interconnected across the world every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the ANA or from an Internet service provider ISP You can contact IANA at www iana org The Internet Protocol IP uses a 32 bit address structure The address is usually wr
80. int such as a pen to press the Reset button in for at least 10 seconds 2 Release the Reset button The factory default configuration has now been restored and the WG602 v3 is ready for use Troubleshooting 6 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point 6 4 202 10060 01 September 2004 Troubleshooting User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Appendix A Specifications This appendix provides the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 technical specifications Specifications for the WG602 v3 Parameter 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 Radio Data Rates 1 2 5 5 6 9 11 12 18 24 36 48 and 54 Mbps Auto Rate Sensing Frequency 2 4 2 5Ghz Data Encoding Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS for 802 11b and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM for 802 119 Wireless Security WEP and WPA PSK Maximum Computers Per Wireless Network Limited by the amount of wireless network traffic generated by each node Typically 32 nodes Network Management Web based configuration and status monitoring Status LEDs Power Ethernet LAN Wireless LAN Dimensions 28x 175x118 mm 1 1 x 6 89 x 4 65 in Power Adapter 7 5Vdc 1A Weight 845 g 29 7 oz Electromagnetic FCC Part 15 Class B and Class E CE C tic AS NZS 3548 Telec STD T66 Compliance VCCI Environment
81. ion an incoming packet is intercepted at the network layer and then analyzed for state related information associated with all network connections A central cache within the firewall keeps track of the state information associated with all network connections All traffic passing through the firewall is analyzed against the state of these connections in order to determine whether or not it will be allowed to pass through or rejected Denial of Service Attack A hacker may be able to prevent your network from operating or communicating by launching a Denial of Service DoS attack The method used for such an attack can be as simple as merely flooding your site with more requests than it can handle A more sophisticated attack may attempt to exploit some weakness in the operating system used by your router or gateway Some operating systems can be disrupted by simply sending a packet with incorrect length information Ethernet Cabling Although Ethernet networks originally used thick or thin coaxial cable most installations currently use unshielded twisted pair UTP cabling The UTP cable contains eight conductors arranged in four twisted pairs and terminated with an RJ45 type connector A normal straight through UTP Ethernet cable follows the EI A568B standard wiring as described below in Table C 1 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 11 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point
82. itten in dot notation also called dotted decimal notation in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form separated by decimal points For example the following binary address 11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111 is normally written as 195 34 12 7 The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer In addition the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts The first part of the address identifies the network and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application There are five standard classes of IP addresses These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern which is used by the TCP IP software to identify the address class After the address class has been determined the software can correctly identify the host section of the address The follow figure shows the three main address classes including network and host sections of the address for each address type C 2 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Class A Network Class B Node Network Class C Node Ne
83. ity Protocol TKIP is required TKIP replaces WEP with a new encryption algorithm that is stronger than the WEP algorithm but that uses the calculation facilities present on existing wireless devices to perform encryption operations TKIP provides important data encryption enhancements including a per packet key mixing function a message integrity check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism Through these enhancements TKIP addresses all of known WEP vulnerabilities Wireless Networking Basics B 9 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802 111 WPA will be forward compatible with the IEEE 802 11i security specification currently under development WPA is a subset of the current 802 11i draft and uses certain pieces of the 802 11i draft that are ready to bring to market today such as 802 1x and TKIP The main pieces of the 802 111 draft that are not included in WPA are secure IBSS Ad Hoc mode secure fast handoff for specialized 802 11 VoIP phones as well as enhanced encryption protocols such as AES CCMP These features are either not yet ready for market or will require hardware upgrades to implement What are the Key Features of WPA Security The following security features are included in the WPA standard e WPA Authentication e WPA Encryption Key Management Temporal Key
84. le when using NAT you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the ANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks 100 020 10 255 255 255 172 16 0 0 172 31 255 255 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 Choose your private network number from this range The DHCP server of the WG602 v3 Access Point is preconfigured to automatically assign private addresses Regardless of your particular situation do not create an arbitrary IP address always follow the guidelines explained here For more information about address assignment refer to RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space The Internet Engineering Task Force IETF publishes RFCs on its Web site at www ietf org Single IP Address Operation Using NAT In the past if multiple PCs on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneously you had to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP This type of Internet account is more costly than a single address account typically used by a single user with a modem rather than a router The WG602 v3 Access Point employs an address sharing method called Network Address Translation NAT This method allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP The router accomplishes this address sharing by translatin
85. lly work well These settings should not be changed unless you are sure it is necessary Table 5 1 Advanced Wireless Settings Fields Field Description Request to Send The packet size that is used to determine whether to use the CSMA CD Carrier Sense RTS Threshold Multiple Access with Collision Detection mechanism or the CSMA CA mechanism for packet transmission With the CSMA CD transmission mechanism the transmitting station sends out the actual packet as soon as it has waited for the silence period With the CSMA CA transmission mechanism the transmitting station sends out an RTS packet to the receiving station and waits for the receiving station to send back a CTS Clear to Send packet before sending the actual packet data Fragmentation Length Beacon Interval This is the maximum packet size used for fragmentation Packets larger than the size programmed in this field will be fragmented The Fragment Threshold value must be larger than the RTS Threshold value Default 2346 Specifies the data beacon rate between 20 and 1000 DTIM Interval Specifies the Delivery Traffic Indication Message data beacon rate between 1 and 255 Default 1 Preamble Type A long transmit preamble may provide a more reliable connection or slightly longer range A short transmit preamble gives better performance Default Mix Advanced Configuration 5 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 M
86. lution Internet Protocol uses the ARP to resolve MAC addresses If a device sends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded ARP is used An ARP request is broadcast onto the network All stations on the network receive and read the request The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request All other stations discard the request The station with the correct IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the sending device The receiving station provides the transmitting station with the required destination MAC address The IP address data and MAC address data for each station are held in an ARP table The next time data is sent the address can be obtained from the address information in the table For more information about address assignment refer to the IETF documents RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space Internet Security and Firewalls When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your network A NAT router provides some protection because by the very nature of the process the network behind the router is shielded from access by outsiders on the Internet However there are methods by which a determined hacker can possibly obta
87. nd placement Default Factory Settings When you first receive your WG602 v3 the default factory settings will be set as shown below To restore these defaults see WG602 v3 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel on page 2 6 FEATURE FACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS User Name case sensitive admin Password case sensitive password Access Point Name NETGEARxxxxxx where xxxxxx are the last six digits of the wireless access point s MAC address DHCP DHCP client IP Configuration IP Address 192 168 0 227 if DHCP server is unavailable Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway 0 0 0 0 Wireless Mode Access Point or Bridge Access Point Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Broadcast Network Name Enabled 802 11g b 11 Radio Frequency Channel WEP WPA Disabled Authentication Type Auto Basic Installation and Configuration 3 2 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Understanding WG602 v3 Wireless Security Options Unlike wired network data your wireless data transmissions can be received well beyond your walls by anyone with a compatible adapter For this reason use the security features of your wireless equipment The WG602 v3 Access Point provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in this chapter Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs Wireless Data Security Options Range Up to 300
88. new Wi Fi certified products will have to support WPA NETGEAR will implement WPA on client and access point products and make this available in the second half of 2003 Existing Wi Fi certified products will have one year to add WPA support or they will loose their Wi Fi certification The 802 111 standard is currently in draft form with ratification due at the end of 2003 While the new IEEE 802 11i standard is being ratified wireless vendors have agreed on WPA as an interoperable interim standard How Does WPA Compare to WEP WEP is a data encryption method and is not intended as a user authentication mechanism WPA user authentication is implemented using 802 1x and the Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP Support for 802 1x authentication is required in WPA In the 802 11 standard 802 1x authentication was optional For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 With 802 11 WEP all access points and client wireless adapters on a particular wireless LAN must use the same encryption key A major problem with the 802 11 standard is that the keys are cumbersome to change If you don t update the WEP keys often an unauthorized person with a sniffing tool can monitor your network for less than a day and decode the encrypted messages Products based on the 802 11 standard alone offer system administrators no effective method to update the keys For 802 11 WEP encryption is optional For WPA encryption using Temporal Key Integr
89. nk control layer that supports medium dependent functions and uses the services of the physical layer to provide services to the logical link control LLC sublayer The MAC sublayer includes the method of determining when a device has access to the transmission medium 2 Message Authentication Code In computer security a value that is a part of a message or accompanies a message and is used to determine that the contents origin author or other attributes of all or part of the message are as they appear to be IBM Glossary of Computing Terms 6 Glossary 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point MAC address The Media Access Control address is a unique 48 bit hardware address assigned to every network interface card Usually written in the form 01 23 45 67 89 ab Maximum Receive Unit The size in bytes of the largest packet that can be sent or received Maximum Transmit Unit The size in bytes of the largest packet that can be sent or received Mbps Megabits per second MDI MDIX In cable wiring the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the PC which is wired as a Media Dependant Interface MDI In MDI wiring a PC transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub switch router or access point the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins and 2 This wiring is referred to as Media Dependant Interface Crossover MDI X MTU The size in bytes of the
90. nstead of the cryptic hexadecimal characters to ease encryption key entry 128 bit encryption is stronger than 40 bit encryption but 128 bit encryption may not be available outside of the United States due to U S export regulations When configured for 40 bit encryption 802 11 products typically support up to four WEP Keys Each 40 bit WEP Key is expressed as 5 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 is a 40 bit WEP Key When configured for 128 bit encryption 802 11b products typically support four WEP Keys but some manufacturers support only one 128 bit key The 128 bit WEP Key is expressed as 13 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 AB CD EF 12 34 56 78 90 is a 128 bit WEP Key Typically 802 11 access points can store up to four 128 bit WEP Keys but some 802 11 client adapters can only store one Therefore make sure that your 802 11 access and client adapters configurations match Whatever keys you enter for an AP you must also enter the same keys for the client adapter in the same order In other words WEP key 1 on the AP must match WEP key 1 on the client adapter WEP key 2 on the AP must match WEP key 2 on the client adapter etc Note The AP and the client adapters can have different default WEP Keys as long as the keys are in the same order In other words the AP can use WEP key 2 as its default key to transmit while a client adapter can use WEP ke
91. nt Inside Twisted Pair Cables For two devices to communicate the transmitter of each device must be connected to the receiver of the other device The crossover function is usually implemented internally as part of the circuitry in the device Computers and workstation adapter cards are usually media dependent interface ports called MDI or uplink ports Most repeaters and switch ports are configured as media dependent interfaces with built in crossover ports called MDI X or normal ports Auto Uplink technology automatically senses which connection MDI or MDI X is needed and makes the right connection Figure C 4 illustrates straight through twisted pair cable Key A UPLINK OR MDI PORT as on a PC B Normal or MDI X port as on a hub or switch 1 2 3 6 Pin numbers Figure C 4 Straight Through Twisted Pair Cable Figure C 5 illustrates crossover twisted pair cable Key B Normal or MDI X port as on a hub or switch 1 2 3 6 Pin numbers Figure C 5 Crossover Twisted Pair Cable Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 13 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Key 1 RJ 45 plug 2 Category 5 UTP patch cable Figure C 6 Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ 45 Plug at Each End Note Flat silver satin telephone cable may have the same RJ 45 plug However using telephone cable results in excessive collisions causing the attach
92. nt AP For the global encryption key WPA includes a facility the Information Element for the wireless AP to advertise the changed key to the connected wireless clients If configured to implement dynamic key exchange the 802 1x authentication server can return session keys to the access point along with the accept message The access point uses the session keys to build sign and encrypt an EAP key message that is sent to the client immediately after sending the success message The client can then use contents of the key message to define applicable encryption keys In typical 802 1x implementations the client can automatically change encryption keys as often as necessary to minimize the possibility of eavesdroppers having enough time to crack the key in current use B 14 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP WPA uses TKIP to provide important data encryption enhancements including a per packet key mixing function a message integrity check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism TKIP also provides for the following e The verification of the security configuration after the encryption keys are determined e The synchronized changing of the unicast encryption key for each frame e The determination of a unique starting unicast encryption key
93. oft Networks e 4 QoS Packet Scheduler Properties to view the configuration Z F Internet Protocol TCP IP information Install Uninstall Properties Description Allows your computer to access resources on a Microsoft net Z Show icon in notification area when connected D 8 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties General Alternate Configuration You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports Verify that Obtain an IP address ii Raba DprA You need to ask your network administrator for automatically radio button is selected and Sre a ene that the Obtain DNS server address Use the following IP address automatically radio button is selected E E Click the OK button i Obtain DNS server address automatically This completes the DHCP configuration in Use the following DNS server addresses Windows XP Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 2000 After you install a network card TCP IP for Windows 2000 is configured and set to DHCP without your having to configure it However if there are problems follow the steps below to configure TCP IP with DHCP for Windows 2000 Click My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop This will bring up a wind
94. oint If more than one access point can be used the one with the strongest signal is used This can only happen when the various access points are using the same SSID e Mode The default is g and b You can change the mode to g or b only e Data Rate Shows the available transmit data rate of the wireless network The possible data rates supported are 1 Mbps 2 Mbps 5 5 Mbps 6 Mbps 9 Mbps 11 Mbps 12 Mbps 24 Mbps 36 Mbps 48 Mbps 54 Mbps and Best The default is Best Basic Installation and Configuration 3 12 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Understanding Wireless Security Options The table below identifies the various basic wireless security options A full explanation of these standards is available in Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics Table 3 1 Basic Wireless Security Options Field Description Off No wireless security WEP WEP offers the following options Open System With Open Network Authentication and 64 or 128 bit WEP Data Encryption the WG602 v3 does perform 64 or 128 bit data encryption but does not perform any authentication e Shared Key Shared Key authentication encrypts the SSID and data Choose the Encryption Strength 64 or 128 bit data encryption Manually enter the key values or enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box Manually entered keys are case sensitive but passphras
95. on Frames with WPA information element to the stations in the service set Information elements include the required authentication method 802 1x or Pre shared key and the preferred cipher suite WEP TKIP or AES Probe Responses AP to station and Association Requests station to AP also contain WPA information elements 1 Initial 802 1x communications begin with an unauthenticated supplicant i e client device attempting to connect with an authenticator i e 802 11 access point The client sends an EAP start message This begins a series of message exchanges to authenticate the client The access point replies with an EAP request identity message Wireless Networking Basics B 13 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point 3 The client sends an EAP response packet containing the identity to the authentication server The access point responds by enabling a port for passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access point The access point blocks all other traffic such as HTTP DHCP and POP3 packets until the access point can verify the client s identity using an authentication server e g RADIUS 4 The authentication server uses a specific authentication algorithm to verify the client s identity This could be through the use of digital certificates or some other EAP authentication type 5 The authentication s
96. on sends an authentication request to the access point 2 The access point authenticates the station 3 The station associates with the access point and joins the network Wireless Networking Basics B 5 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WEP Shared Key Authentication This process is illustrated in below 802 11 Authentication Shared Key Steps as 1 Authentication ___________ Router with Integrated request sent to AP Access Point y SSS INTERNET Cable or DLS modem yo lt lt 2 AP sends challenge text Client i 3 Client encrypts attempting challenge text and gt to connect sends it back to AP 4 AP decrypts and if correct lt _ authenticates client 5 Client connects to network gt Figure B 2 802 11 shared key authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Shared Key Authentication 1 2 3 5 The station sends an authentication request to the access point The access point sends challenge text to the station The station uses its configured 64 bit or 128 bit default key to encrypt the challenge text and sends the encrypted text to the access point The access point decrypts the encrypted text using its configured WEP Key that corresponds to the station s default key The access point compares the decrypted text with the original challenge text If the de
97. ord or group of 8 63 printable characters in the Password Phrase box 3 Click Apply to save your settings Basic Installation and Configuration 3 16 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point gt Note If you use a wireless PC to configure WPA settings you will be disconnected lt when you click Apply Reconfigure your wireless adapter to match the new settings or access the wireless access point from a wired PC to make any further changes How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address The Access Control page lets you block or allow the network access privilege of the specified stations through the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 This provides an additional layer of security Note When configuring the WG602 v3 from a wireless PC whose MAC address is not gt in the access control list if you select Turn Access Control On you will lose your wireless connection when you click Apply You must then access the wireless access point from a wired PC or from a wireless PC which is on the access control list to make any further changes Access Control Access Control Disable O Allow O Block MAC Address Wireless Cards MAC Address List Figure 3 12 Access Control options To restrict access based on MAC Addresses follow these steps 1 From the Setup section of the main menu click Access Control to display the Wireless Access
98. oting guidance visit gt http kbserver netgear com products WG602v3 asp Troubleshooting If you have trouble setting up your WG602 v3 check the tips below No lights are lit on the access point The access point has no power e Make sure the power cord is connected to the access point and plugged in to a working power outlet or power strip e Make sure you are using the correct NETGEAR power adapter supplied with your access point rm The Ethernet LAN light is not lit There is a hardware connection problem Troubleshooting 6 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e Make sure the cable connectors are securely plugged in at the access point and the network device hub switch or router e Make sure the connected device is turned on e Be sure the correct cable is used Use a standard Category 5 Ethernet patch cable If the network device has Auto Uplink MDI MDIX ports you may use a cross over cable See the Reference Manual for a full explanation of cable types The Wireless LAN activity light is not lit The access point s antenna is not working e Ifthe Wireless LAN activity light stays off disconnect the adapter from its power source and then plug it in again e Make sure the antenna is tightly connected to the WG602 v3 e Contact NETGEAR if the Wireless LAN light remains off cannot configure the wireless access point from a
99. ow called Network and Dial up Connections e Right click Local Area Connection and select Properties Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 9 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using box and that the following two items are displayed and selected in the box of Components checked are used by this connection e Client for Microsoft Networks and e Internet Protocol TCP IP Click OK Sornect using aD NETGEAR MAI01 USB Adapter Zomponenls chec lt ed are used by tkis conrecton M E Client for Microsolt Networks O File and Pinter Sharing for Micrcsofl Netwerks v Internet Protocol TCP IP Install Unnstall Propeties r Dasc iption Trarsmi sion Control P otocol Internet Protocol The defaul wide area network 3rotoccl that piovides conmtnication ecross dverse intercornected networks M Show iconin taskbar when connected With Internet Protocol TCP IP selected click Properties to open the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialogue box Verify that e Obtain an IP address automatically is selected e Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties Click OK again to complete the configuration process
100. ows 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking E E T e Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Daea a T E T C 2 Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings 0 cccceeeeeeeteeees O 8 DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 98 and Me EE EE paien C 4 Selecting the Windows Internet Access Method cccccesceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaees C 5 Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows 98 or Me cceeceeeeeeteeeeteeetetaeeteeeeees C5 Configuring Windows 2000 or XP for TCP IP Networking ccceceeeeeeeteeetetteeeterees O76 Installing or Verifying Windows Networking Component eee eee C 6 DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP sccsiccscccicccscssnessdseconteiedenicabieancearoneew ne DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 2000 e cceseeeeeeeeeeteteetetesteetetees C79 Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP or 2000 T C 11 Glossary NUNO O sien D 1 E E E A E A E A eae A EEE E E D 2 E APEE EN E A E E A AE EN E A E A E A n T D 2 E ET EENE RE EEE NE ANI A ATEEN E NAE EEE ENNE AOE D 3 EEA E arene A E N E E AE E E A A eter E T A D 3 E E E T E E A E S E E N D 4 T E E A A e omer ect D 4 E E A O E AA E A E E EE E E EE E A D 4 vi Contents 202 10060 01 September 2004 ei EEEE TEE re E EA EEA cern A E EA E E ern AA N teeter te D 6 j AEE E EE E A A E E A E E A E A E E EE E Babies D 7 Pe E EN P E E I E TT E AE I A T E A T E A A P E A D 8 D E EE EAE E E AE E A E E E A A A E A
101. performed via a workstation connected to the WG602 v3 via the Ethernet LAN interface The software of the WG602 v3 Access Point is stored in FLASH memory and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR Upgrade files can be downloaded from the NETGEAR Web site If the upgrade file is compressed ZIP file you must first extract the image IMG file before sending it to the wireless access point The upgrade file can be sent using your browser Note The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the WG602 v3 must support HTTP uploads such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 or above or Netscape Navigator 4 78 or above 1 Download the new software file from NETGEAR save it to your hard disk and unzip it Upgrade Firmware Locate and select the upgrade file from your hard disk Browse Figure 4 3 WG602 v3 Upgrade Firmware page 2 From the main menu Management section click the Upgrade Firmware link to display the screen above 3 Click Browse and locate the image IMG upgrade file 4 Click Upgrade When the upload completes your wireless access point will automatically restart The upgrade process typically takes about one minute In some cases you may need to reconfigure the wireless access point after upgrading You can click the Information link to check the Firmware Version and verify that your access point now has the new software installed 4 4 Management 202 10060 01 September 2004
102. present e Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Primary Network Logon Click the Properties button The Client for Microsoft Networks SY following TCP IP Properties window will di splay Eile and Print Sharing Description D 4 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point E TCP IP Properties 24 x Bindings Advanced Netsios DNS Configuration Gateway WINS Configuration IP Address By default the IP Address tab is open on this window An IP address can be automatically assigned to this computer If your network does not automatically assign IP addresses ask ur network administrator for an address and then type it iri e Verify the following a eave baba my Obtain an IP address automatically is selected If not selected click in the radio button to the left of it to select it C Specify an IP address This setting is required to enable the i n iP Aadress DHCP server to automatically assign an asia LYYryry IP address e Click OK to continue Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Cancel Selecting the Windows Internet Access Method 1 onr On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel Double click the Internet Options icon
103. ranslation B 7 O Open System authentication B 4 P Passphrase 3 13 3 14 3 16 Placement 3 1 port forwarding behind NAT B 8 protocols Address Resolution B 10 DHCP B 8 R Range 3 1 range 3 1 Region 3 11 restore factory settings 4 5 Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address 3 17 RFC 1466 B 7 B 10 1597 B 7 B 10 1631 B 7 B 8 finding B 7 RIP B 9 router concepts B 1 S Shared Key authentication B 4 SSID 3 11 4 2 B 2 SSID Broadcast 3 11 stateful packet inspection B 11 Station List 4 3 subnet addressing B 4 subnet mask B 5 T TCP IP properties verifying for Windows C 5 troubleshooting 6 1 U Uplink switch B 14 W WEP B 8 Wi Fi B 1 B 4 Windows configuring for IP routing C 2 C 6 winipcfg utility C 5 Wired Equivalent Privacy See WEP Wireless Ethernet B 1 Wireless Network Name 3 11 4 2 Wireless Security 3 3 WPA PSK 3 13 WPA PSK Password Phrase 3 13 Index
104. rase Use the procedures described in the following sections to configure the WG602 v3 Store this information in a safe place Basic Installation and Configuration 3 14 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How to Configure WEP Wireless Security x Note If you use a wireless PC to configure WEP settings you will be disconnected lt when you click Apply Reconfigure your wireless adapter to match the new settings or access the wireless access point from a wired PC to make any further changes To configure WEP data encryption follow these steps 1 Click the Security Settings link in the Setup section of the main menu and select WEP for the Security Type Security Settings Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP Security Type WEP v Authentication Type Open System Encryption Strength 1 28 bits Security Encryption WEP Key Passphrase Generate Keys Key 1 KKK a a a a a a a a a a a a a Key 2 O k a a a a a a a a a a a Key 3 O k a a a a a a a a a a a a Key 4 O k a a a a a a a a a a Figure 3 10 WEP Settings page 2 The Authentication Type is set to Any by default Change the Authentication Type to Shared Key to use WEP data encryption 3 For the Encryption Strength select 64 or 128 bit encryption 4 You can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys These values must be identical on all PCs and a
105. reless clients using this radio Figure 4 2 Information Station List of associated devices For each device the table shows the MAC address and whether the device is allowed to communicate with the wireless access point or not Note that if the wireless access point is rebooted the table data is lost until the wireless access point rediscovers the devices To force the wireless access point to look for associated devices click the Refresh button Note A wireless network can include multiple wireless access points all using the same network name SSID This enables extending the reach of the wireless network and allows users to roam from one access point to another providing seamless network connectivity Under these circumstances be aware that only the stations associated with this access point will be presented in the Station List Upgrading the Wireless Access Point Software Note When uploading software to the WG602 v3 Access Point it is important not to Ca interrupt the Web browser by closing the window clicking a link or loading a new page If the browser is interrupted the upload may fail corrupt the software and render the WG602 v3 completely inoperable Management 4 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point You cannot perform the firmware upgrade from a workstation connected to the WG602 v3 via a wireless link The firmware upgrade must be
106. rst contacts a DNS server to obtain the IP address of the resource The PC sends the desired message using the IP address Many large organizations such as ISPs maintain their own DNS servers and allow their customers to use the servers to look up addresses Routing Protocols Two protocols routers use extensively are e Routing Information Protocol RIP e Address Resolution Protocol ARP These two protocols are introduced below RIP One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is RIP Using RIP routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table The WG602 v3 Access Point supports both the older RIP 1 and the newer RIP 2 protocols Among other improvements RIP 2 supports subnet and multicast protocols RIP is not required for most home applications Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 9 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point MAC Addresses and ARP An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver data from one LAN device to another To send data between LAN devices you must convert the IP address of the destination device to its media access control address MAC address Each device on an Ethernet network has a unique MAC address which is a 48 bit number assigned to each device by the manufacturer The technique that associates the IP address with a MAC address is known as address reso
107. rview oprise sudaideians airite kaiini iemtaaecane eee sieddaecae B 1 iNT PARRA Modessa a eE Ea Ea B 1 Ad Hoc Mode Peer to Peer Workgroup ccceceeesteeeteees E E aie B 2 Network Name Extended Service Set idenifigatian ESSID se pirated E A B 2 Wireless CHAMMGIS sonics a i locexsetinenioeuabanicas B 2 WEP Wireless Security s cisseriscisssissins repiasda tecieraisehedcaauiieelieaions eee waalaetens gaiga B 4 WEP FPO acai earrdensvaninrensa santas teenie EEE a B 4 WEP Open System AUTNGMUCRHON coicivicinscstianienvecnisaaeneaaiaiances EO WEP Shared Key Authentication sciscectscsisicssssncsssencacsnesiesnssaesseninieieonenriences BOO Key Size and Configuration How to Use WEP Parameters WPA WISI SS GECI sp cnscstionaennuaoardannananenenaiantagh aa ee How Does WPA nee to WEP n E E T A E A N B 9 How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802 111 scsicisisssscanissectiamrsentsnnissnecnestenntens B 10 What are the Key Features of WPA SeGurity siicesssnsssessssasceseatssmasaenearsnedsancaie B 10 WPA Authentication Enterprise level User Authentication via 802 1x EAP and RADIUS ocene B 12 WPA Data Encryption Key Management 0 cccsss cc seeensenseeeenneaeneenes B 14 Is WPA Perfect Praiano aaae TE piaia dancers piebacseene ee ee B 16 Produet Support for WPA seanina a a aaa BOhe Supporting a Mixture of WPA aiki WEP Wireless Giants iittala BIG Changes to Wireless Access POINtS 0 cssceceeeeeesee
108. ry about specifying the correct range of pages e Printing a Chapter Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page Click PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to print A new browser window opens showing the PDF version of the chapter you were viewing Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper an printer ink by selecting this feature e Printing the Full Manual Use the PDF button in the toolbar at the top right of the browser window Click PDF button A new browser window opens showing the PDF version of the chapter you were viewing Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper an printer ink by selecting this feature About This Manual 1 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point 1 4 About This Manual 202 10060 01 September 2004 Chapter 2 Introduction This chapter introduces the NETGEAR 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 Minimal prerequisites for installation are presented in System Requirements on page 2 3 About the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 is the basic building block of a wireless LAN infrastructur
109. s the number of transitions voltage or frequency changes made per second Also known as line speed Broadcast A packet sent to all devices on a network 2 Glossary 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point C Class of Service A term to describe treating different types of traffic with different levels of service priority Higher priority traffic gets faster treatment during times of switch congestion D DHCP See Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DNS Short for Domain Name System or Service an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses Because domain names are alphabetic they re easier to remember The Internet however is really based on IP addresses Every time you use a domain name therefore a DNS service must translate the name into the corresponding IP address For example the domain name www example com might translate to 198 105 232 4 The DNS system is in fact its own network If one DNS server doesn t know how to translate a particular domain name it asks another one and so on until the correct IP address is returned Domain Name A descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the Internet Domain names are of the form of a registered entity name plus one of a number of predefined top level suffixes such as com edu uk etc For example in the address mail NETGEAR com mail is a server name and NETGEAR
110. s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point The WG602 v3 Access Point incorporates Auto Uplink technology also called MDI MDIX Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection e g connecting to a PC or an uplink connection e g connecting to a router switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 15 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point C 16 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 Appendix D Preparing Your PCs for Network Access This appendix describes how to prepare your PCs to connect to the Internet through the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 For adding file and print sharing to your network please consult the Windows help information included with the version of Windows installed on each computer on your network Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking Computers access the Internet using a protocol called TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Each computer on your network must have TCP IP installed and selected as its networking protocol If a Network Interfac
111. sends an association request to the access point The access point associates with the station oN DN FF YN The station can now communicate with the Ethernet network through the access point An access point must authenticate a station before the station can associate with the access point or communicate with the network The IEEE 802 11 standard defines two types of WEP authentication Open System and Shared Key e Open System Authentication allows any device to join the network assuming that the device SSID matches the access point SSID Alternatively the device can use the ANY SSID option to associate with any available access point within range regardless of its SSID B 4 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e Shared Key Authentication requires that the station and the access point have the same WEP Key to authenticate These two authentication procedures are described below WEP Open System Authentication This process is illustrated in below 802 11 Authentication Open System Steps 1 Authentication request sent to AP gt Router with Integrated Access Point 2 AP authenticates y 7 a a A Hd 3 Client connects to network n Client attempting to connect Figure B 1 802 11 open system authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Open System Authentication 1 The stati
112. ss PC card It corresponds to the ESSID in the wireless Access Point and to the wireless network name See also Wireless Network Name and ESSID Segment A section of a LAN that is connected to the rest of the network using a switch bridge or repeater Subnet Mask Combined with the IP address the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it and which must be reached through a gateway or router T TCP IP The main internetworking protocols used in the Internet The Internet Protocol IP used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP form TCP IP U Universal Plug and Play UPnP A networking architecture that provides compatibility among networking technology UPnP compliant routers provide broadband users at home and small businesses with a seamless way to participate in online games videoconferencing and other peer to peer services UTP Unshielded twisted pair is the cable used by 10BASE T and 100BASE Tx Ethernet networks W WAN See Wide Area Network Web Also known as World Wide Web WWW or W3 An Internet client server system to distribute information based upon the hypertext transfer protocol HTTP 10 Glossary 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WEB Proxy Server A Web proxy server is a specialized HTTP server that allows clients access to the Internet from behind a firewall The proxy ser
113. t Gateway DHCP Client These parameters apply to the Local WG602 v3 wireless access point The IP address of the wireless access point The subnet mask for the wireless access point The default gateway for the wireless access point Enabled by default Enabled DHCP client indicates that the current IP address was obtained from a DHCP server on your network Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID Channel Encryption Type Access Control These parameters apply to the target remote WG602 v3 VPN gateway or VPN client Displays the wireless network name SSID being used by the wireless port of the wireless access point The default is NETGEAR Identifies the channel the wireless port is using 11 is the default channel setting See Wireless Channels on page B 2 for the frequencies used on each channel The current encryption setting Disabled by default Management 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Viewing a List of Attached Devices The Station List page contains a table of all IP devices associated with the wireless access point in the wireless network defined by the Wireless Network Name SSID From the main menu of the browser interface under the Management heading click the Station List link to view the list shown below Station List Station ID MAC Address Channel Status Currently there are no wi
114. t without notice NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein 202 10060 01 September 2004 Federal Communications Commission FCC Compliance Notice Radio Frequency Notice Warning To comply with the FCC s exposure requirements you must maintain a distance of at least 1 Tested to Comply with FCC Standards cm from the antenna of this FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE device while it is in use This device should not be co located with other transmitters NETGEAR 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful int
115. tatement This Class B Digital apparatus 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 meets all the requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil numerique del la classe B respect les exigences du Regalement sur le material broilleur du Canada This device comples with Class B limits of Industry of Canada Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation The device is certified to the requirements of RSS 139 1 and RSS 210 for 2 4 GHz spread spectrum devices The use of this device in a system operating either partially or completely outdoors may require the user to obtain a license for the system according to the Canadian regulations For further information contact your local Industry Canada office 202 10060 01 September 2004 CE Declaration of Conformity For the following equipment 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 09840 is herewith confirmed to comply with the requirements set out in the Council Directive on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility 89 336 EEC Low voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the Amendment Directive 93 68 EEC the procedures given in European Council Directive 99 5 EC and 89 3360EEC The equipment was passed The test was performed accor
116. the WG602 v3 using its default IP address Otherwise you should use either the NetBIOS login described in How to Log In to the WG602 v3 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name on page 3 9 or the procedure described in Set up the WG602 v3 Access Point on page 3 4 which uses a static IP configuration Note The computer you are using to connect to the WG602 v3 should be configured with an IP address that starts with 192 168 0 x and a Subnet Mask of 255 255 255 0 Open a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator Connect to the WG602 v3 by entering its default address of http 192 168 0 227 into your browser ddress 192 168 0 227 A login window like the one shown below opens Enter Password User name admin wj Password Soon ma Remember my password Figure 3 4 Login window Log in use the default user name of admin and default password of password Once you have entered your access point name your Web browser should automatically find the WG602 v3 Access Point and display the home page as shown in Login result WG602 v3 home page on page 3 8 3 7 Basic Installation and Configuration 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point NETGEAR setings 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 O Information Information IP Settings Access Point Information Wireless Settings Access Point Name netgear5a49b1 Se
117. the authentication and data privacy functions Keys are generated after successful authentication and through a subsequent 4 way handshake between the station and Access Point AP e Data Privacy Encryption Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP is used to wrap WEP in sophisticated cryptographic and security techniques to overcome most of its weaknesses e Data integrity TKIP includes a message integrity code MIC at the end of each plaintext message to ensure messages are not being spoofed Wireless Networking Basics B 11 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WPA Authentication Enterprise level User Authentication via 802 1x EAP and RADIUS Wired Network with Optional Wireless LAN 802 1x Port Based Network Access Control TCP IP WPA WPA enabled Ports Closed Optional enabled Access Point Until RADIUS Server Certificate wireless p gt using gt oe pa client with pre shared key ginig a supplicant or TCP IP Authentication eee 802 1x Ports Opened eriSign After etc Authenticated Figure B 3 WPA Overview IEEE 802 1x offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as providing a vehicle for dynamically varying data encryption keys via EAP from a RADIUS server for example This framework enables using a central authentication server which employs mutu
118. thentication Protocol is a general protocol for authentication that supports multiple authentication methods EAP an extension to PPP supports such authentication methods as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates public key authentication and smart cards In wireless communications using EAP a user requests connection to a WLAN through an AP which then requests the identity of the user and transmits that identity to an authentication server such as RADIUS The server asks the AP for proof of identity which the AP gets from the user and then sends back to the server to complete the authentication EAP is defined by RFC 2284 ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying the wireless local area network Ethernet A LAN specification developed jointly by Xerox Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation Ethernet networks transmit packets at a rate of 10 Mbps G Gateway A local device usually a router that connects hosts on a local network to other networks ICMP See Internet Control Message Protocol 4 Glossary 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers This American organization was founded in 1963 and sets standards for computers and communications IETF Internet Engineering Task Force An organization responsible for
119. to WPA a wireless AP can support both WEP and WPA clients at the same time During the association the wireless AP determines which clients use WEP and which clients use WPA The disadvantage to supporting a mixture of WEP and WPA clients is that the global encryption key is not dynamic This is because WEP based clients cannot support it All other benefits to the WPA clients such as integrity are maintained However a mixed mode supporting WPA and non WPA clients would offer network security that is no better than that obtained with a non WPA network and thus this mode of operation is discouraged Changes to Wireless Access Points Wireless access points must have their firmware updated to support the following B 16 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point e The new WPA information element To advertise their support of WPA wireless APs send the beacon frame with a new 802 11 WPA information element that contains the wireless AP s security configuration encryption algorithms and wireless security configuration information e The WPA two phase authentication Open system then 802 1x EAP with RADIUS or preshared key TKIP e Michael e AES optional To upgrade your wireless access points to support WPA obtain a WPA firmware update from your wireless AP vendor and upload it to your wireless AP Changes to Wireless Network Adapters Wir
120. twork Node Figure C 1 Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16 777 214 hosts on a single network They use an eight bit network number and a 24 bit node number Class A addresses are in this range E a a EO 126 Rex Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65 354 hosts on a network A Class B address uses a 16 bit network number and a 16 bit node number Class B addresses are in this range 128 142x to 191 254 x Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node They are in this range 192 30 dk BO 223 255 2594 X Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts messages sent to many hosts Class D addresses are in this range 224 20 50 0 CO 239 259 255 259 Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 3 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network For each unique value of the network portion of the address the base address of the range host address of all zeros is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host Also the top address of the range host address of all ones is not assigned but is
121. umber 202 10060 01 Manual Publication Date September 2004 Note Product updates are available on the NETGEAR Web site at http kbserver netgear com products WG602v3 asp gt About This Manual 1 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How to Use this Manual The HTML version of this manual includes these features 1 a e Chapter 1 About This Manual PDF of This Chapter Chapter 2 Introduction Li Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configur Observing Placement and Range Guid Chapter 3 Default Factory Settings a 4 J Understanding ween v2 wireless se Basic Installation and Configuration Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Acce Two Ways to Log In to the WG602 v F A This chapter describes how to set up your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 U the B IP Setti Opt 5 7 S f uk i ala Sg oa v2 for wireless connectivity to your LAN This basic configuration will enable computers with 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters to do such things as connect to Understanding Wireless Security Opti the Internet or access printers and files on your LAN Understanding the Basic Wireless Set How to Configure WEP Wireless Secu You need to prepare these three things before you can establish a connection How to Configure WPA PSK Wireles through your wireless access point Figure 1 1 HTML version of this manual 1 Left pane Use the left pane
122. v3 e Power adapter and cord 12Vdc 1 2A e Straight through Category 5 Ethernet cable 10 feet 3 04 m e Printed 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 Quick Installation Guide e Resource CD for the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 230 10106 01 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point 202 10060 01 this manual Windows TCP IP and Networking Tutorials Animated Install Assistant Soft copy of the 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 Quick Installation Guide e Support Information card e Warranty and Registration card Contact your reseller or customer support in your area if there are any wrong missing or damaged parts You can refer to the Support Information Card for the telephone number of customer support in your area You should keep the Support Information card along with the original packing materials and use the packing materials to repack the WG602 v3 if you need to return it for repair To qualify for product updates and product warranty registrations we encourage you to register on the NETGEAR Web site at http Avww netgear com 2 4 Introduction 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point Hardware Description The 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v3 front and rear hardware functions are described below WG602 v3 Wireless Access Point Front Panel The WG602 v3 Access Point provides three status LEDs Power
123. ve security features which are covered in detail in this chapter Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs The operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly based on the physical placement of the wireless access point The latency data throughput performance and notebook power consumption of wireless adapters also vary depending on your configuration choices Note Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the WG602 v3 gt Basic Installation and Configuration 3 1 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point For best results place your wireless access point Near the center of the area in which your PCs will operate In an elevated location such as a high shelf where the wirelessly connected PCs have line of sight access even if through walls Away from sources of interference such as PCs microwaves and 2 4 GHz cordless phones Away from large metal surfaces If using multiple access points it is better if adjacent access points use different radio frequency Channels to reduce interference The recommended Channel spacing between adjacent access points is 5 Channels for example use Channels 1 and 6 or 6 and 11 The time it takes to establish a wireless connection can vary depending on both your security settings a
124. ver listens for requests from clients within the firewall and forwards these requests to remote Internet servers outside the firewall The proxy server reads responses from the external servers and then sends them to internal client clients WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy is a data encryption protocol for 802 11b wireless networks All wireless nodes and access points on the network are configured with a 64 bit or 128 bit Shared Key for data encryption Wide Area Network A WAN is a computer network that spans a relatively large geographical area Typically a WAN consists of two or more local area networks LANs Wi Fi A trade name for the 802 11b wireless networking standard given by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see http www wi fi net an industry standards group promoting interoperability among 802 11b devices Windows Internet Naming Service WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows based computer names to IP addresses If a remote network contains a WINS server your Windows PCs can gather information from that WINS server about its local hosts This allows your PCs to browse that remote network using the Windows Network Neighborhood feature WINS WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows based computer names to IP addresses Wireless Network Name SSID Wireless Network Name SSID is the name assigned to a wireless network This
125. y 3 as its default key to transmit The two devices will communicate as long as the AP s WEP key 2 is the same as the client s WEP key 2 and the AP s WEP key 3 is the same as the client s WEP key 3 Wireless Networking Basics B 7 202 10060 01 September 2004 User s Guide for the WG602 v3 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point How to Use WEP Parameters Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption is used when the wireless devices are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode There are two shared key methods implemented in most commercially available products 64 bit and 128 bit WEP data encryption Before enabling WEP on an 802 11 network you must first consider what type of encryption you require and the key size you want to use Typically there are three WEP Encryption options available for 802 11 products 1 Do Not Use WEP The 802 11 network does not encrypt data For authentication purposes the network uses Open System Authentication 2 Use WEP for Encryption A transmitting 802 11 device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving 802 11b device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the 802 11b network uses Open System Authentication 3 Use WEP for Authentication and Encryption A transmitting 802 11 device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving 802 11 device decrypts the d

Netgear WG602 User's Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents