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Netgear MR814 v3 User's Manual

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1. This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages Note This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest This manual is written for the MR814 v3 router according to these specifications Table 1 2 Manual Scope Product Version MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Manual Publication Date June 2004 Note Product updates are available on the NETGEAR Web site at http kbserver netgear com products MR8 amp 14v3 asp gt About This Manual 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router How to Use This Manual The HTML version of this manual includes a variety of navigation features as well as links to PDF versions of the full manual and individual chapters concn an 2 e Chapter 1 About This Manual PDF of This Chapter 3 e Chapter 2 Introduction O Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configu Observing Placement and Range Guid Chapter 3 a Nan Basic Installation and Configuration Understanding WG602 v2 Wireless Sel Installing the 54 Mbps Wireless Acce Two Ways to Log In to the WG602 v This chapter describes how to set up your 54 Mbps Wireless Access Point WG602 v2 for wireless connectivity to your LAN This basic configuration will enable computers with 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters to do such things as connect to Understanding Wireless Security Opti the Internet
2. Chapter 6 Maintenance This chapter describes how to use the maintenance features of your MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router These features can be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface Viewing Router Status Information The Router Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information From the Main Menu of the browser interface click on Maintenance then select System Status to view the System Status screen shown below Router Status Account Name Firmware Version Internet Port MAC Address IP Address DHCP IP Subnet Mask Domain Name Server LAN Port MAC Address IP Address DHCP IP Subnet Mask Wireless Port Name SSID Region Channel Wireless AP Broadcast Name Show Statistics Connection Status MR814v2 Version 5 0 Release 00 00 09 5b 2 34 bb 10 1 0 44 DHCP Client 255 255 254 0 10 1 1 6 10 1 1 56 00 09 5b 2 34 ba 192 168 0 1 On 255 255 255 0 NETGEAR United States 11 On On Figure 6 1 Router Status screen Maintenance 202 10039 01 6 1 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router This screen shows the following parameters Table 6 1 Router Status Fields Field Description Account Name This field displays the Host Name assigned to the router Firmware Version This field displays the router firmware version Internet Port MAC Address IP Address
3. Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router NETGEAR NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA 202 10039 01 Version 1 0 June 2004 202 10039 01 2004 by NETGEAR Inc All rights reserved June 2004 Trademarks NETGEAR is a trademark of Netgear Inc Microsoft Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein Federal Communications Commission FCC Compliance Notice Radio Frequency Notice This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular inst
4. Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters In a setting where there is more than one wireless network different wireless network names provide a means for separating the traffic Any device you want to participate in a particular wireless network will need to use this SSID for that network The MR814 v3 default SSID is NETGEAR e Region This field identifies the region where the MR814 v3 can be used It may not be legal to operate the wireless features of the router in a region other than one of those identified in this field e Channel This field determines which operating frequency will be used It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another nearby access point For more information on the wireless channel frequencies please refer to Wireless Channels on page D 2 e Security Options These options are the wireless security features you can enable The table below identifies the various basic wireless security options A full explanation of these standards is available in Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics 4 4 Wireless Configuration 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Table 4 1 Security Options Field Description Disable No wireless security WEP WPA PSK WEP offers the following options e Automatic Normally this can be left to the default setting of automatic When set
5. IP Subnet Mask These parameters apply to the Internet WAN port of the router This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the Internet WAN port of the router This field displays the IP address being used by the Internet WAN port of the router If no address is shown the router cannot connect to the Internet This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Internet WAN port of the router IP Subnet Mask DHCP DHCP If set to None the router is configured to use a fixed IP address on the WAN If set to Client the router is configured to obtain an IP address dynamically from the ISP LAN Port These parameters apply to the Local WAN port of the router MAC Address This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the LAN port of the router IP Address This field displays the IP address being used by the Local LAN port of the router The default is 192 168 0 1 This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Local LAN port of the router The default is 255 255 255 0 Identifies if the router s built in DHCP server is active for the LAN attached devices Wireless Port MAC Address Name SSID Region Channel These parameters apply to the Wireless port of the router This field displays the Media Access Control address being used by the Wireless port of the router This field displays the wireless network name SSID being used by
6. Power 4 LAN Ports Internet Port Figure 1 2 MR814 v3 Rear Panel Viewed from left to right the rear panel contains the following features e AC power adapter outlet for 12 V DC 1 A output 20W maximum e Four Local LAN 10 100 Mbps Ethernet ports for connecting the router to the local computers e Internet WAN Ethernet port for connecting the router to a cable or DSL modem e Factory Default Reset push button for Restoring the Default Configuration and Password e Wireless antenna A Road Map for How to Get There From Here The introduction and adoption of any new technology can be a difficult process Broadband Internet service is considered so useful that more and more people want to set up networks in their home to share a broadband connection Wireless technology has removed one of the barriers to networking running wires It allows more people to try networking while at the same time exposes them to the inherent complexity of networking General networking concepts setup and maintenance can be difficult to understand In addition wireless technology adds issues such as Introduction 2 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router range interference signal quality and security to the picture To help overcome potential barriers to successfully using home networks the table below identifies how to accomplish such things as connecting to a wireless network assuring appropriate sec
7. S 15 Feb 2002 192 168 0 2 15 Feb 2002 192 168 0 2 15 Feb 2002 ource 192 168 0 2 Fri 15 Feb 2002 ource 192 168 0 2 Fri 15 Feb 2002 ource 192 168 0 2 Fri 15 Feb 2002 ource 192 168 0 2 Fri 15 Feb 2002 ource 192 168 0 2 Refresh Clear Log Send Log 16 38 BLOCK 16 34 ALLOW 16 34 ALLOW 16 34 14 wyw yahoo com 07 ar atwola com 06 www cnn com os LLOW toolbar netscape com 16 34 ALLOY 16 34 ALLOW 16 33 ALLOW 03 i cnn net 02 WWW cnn com 03 i cnn net Figure 5 5 Logs menu Log entries are described in Table 5 1 Table 5 1 Log entry descriptions Field Description Number The index number of the content filter log entries 128 entries are available numbered from 0 to 127 The log will keep the record of the latest 128 entries Date and Time The date and time the log entry was recorded Source IP The IP address of the initiating device for this log entry Action This field displays whether the access was blocked or allowed The name or IP address of the website or newsgroup visited or attempted to access 5 6 Content Filtering 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Log action buttons are described in Table 5 2 Table 5 2 Log action buttons Field Description Refresh Click this button to refresh the log screen Clear Log Click this button to clear the log entries Send Log Click th
8. select your Macintosh s Ethernet interface 3 From the Configure box select Using DHCP Server You can leave the DHCP Client ID box empty 4 Close the TCP IP Control Panel a Repeat this for each Macintosh on your network MacOS X 1 From the Apple menu choose System Preferences then Network C 18 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 2 Ifnot already selected select Built in Ethernet in the Configure list 3 If not already selected Select Using DHCP in the TCP IP tab 4 Click Save Verifying TCP IP Properties for Macintosh Computers After your Macintosh is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration by returning to the TCP IP Control Panel From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP o TcP IP EB Connect via Ethernet Setup Configure Using DHCP Server DHCP Client ID IP Address 192 168 0 2 Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 Router address 192 168 0 1 Search domains Name server addr 192 168 0 1 The panel is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends e The IP Address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The Subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The Router address is 192 168 0 1 If you do not see these values you may need to rest
9. 13 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 202 10039 01 Wireless Configuration Chapter 5 Content Filtering This chapter describes how to use the content filtering features of the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router to protect your network These features can be found by clicking on the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface Content Filtering Overview The MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router provides you with Web content filtering options plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e mail Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time of day web addresses and web address keywords You can also block Internet access by applications and services such as chat or games To configure these features of your router click on the subheadings under the Content Filtering heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface The subheadings are described below Content Filtering 5 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Blocking Access to Internet Sites The MR814 v3 router allows you to restrict access based on web addresses and web address keywords Up to 255 entries are supported in the Keyword list The Block Sites menu is shown in Figure 5 1 below Block Sites Keyword Blocking Never O Fer Schedule O Always Type keyword or domain name here Add Keywor
10. 2432 MHz 2419 5 MHz 2444 5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2449 5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429 5 MHz 2454 5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434 5 MHz 2459 5 MHz 9 2452 MHz 2439 5 MHz 2464 5 MHz 10 2457 MHz 2444 5 MHz 2469 5 MHz 11 2462 MHz 2449 5 MHz 2474 5 MHz 12 2467 MHz 2454 5 MHz 2479 5 MHz 13 2472 MHz 2459 5 MHz 2484 5 MHz Note The available channels supported by the wireless products in various countries are different The preferred channel separation between the channels in neighboring wireless networks is 25 MHz 5 channels This means that you can apply up to three different channels within your wireless network There are only 11 usable wireless channels in the United States It is recommended that you start using channel 1 and grow to use channel 6 and 11 when necessary as these three channels do not overlap Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Authentication and WEP The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes the wireless links vulnerable to eavesdropping and information theft To provide a certain level of security the IEEE 802 11 standard has defined two types of authentication methods Open System and Shared Key With Open System authentication a wireless PC can join any network and receive any messages that are not encrypted With Shared Key authentication only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the
11. 4 1 MR814 v3 wireless data security options There are several ways you can enhance the security of you wireless network e Restrict Access Based on MAC Address You can restrict access to only trusted computers o that unknown computers cannot wirelessly connect to the MR814 v3 MAC address filtering adds an obstacle against unwanted access to your network but the data broadcast over the wireless link is fully exposed e WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption provides data security WEP Shared Key authentication and WEP data encryption will block all but the most determined eavesdropper e WPA PSK Wi Fi Protected Access WPA data encryption provides strong data security WPA PSK will block eavesdropping Because this is a new standard wireless device driver and software availability may be limited 4 2 Wireless Configuration 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e Turn Off the Wireless LAN If you disable the wireless LAN wireless devices cannot communicate with the router at all You might choose to turn off the wireless the LAN when you are away and the others in the household all use wired connections e Turn Off the Broadcast of the Wireless Network Name SSID If you disable broadcast of the SSID only devices that have the correct SSID can connect This nullifies the wireless network discovery feature of some products such as Windows XP but the data is still fully expos
12. 5 4 Setup Wizard 3 1 Shared Key authentication D 4 SMTP 5 8 spoof MAC address 8 5 SSID 2 8 4 4 4 9 D 2 Start Port 7 2 stateful packet inspection 2 2 B 11 Static Routes 7 9 Status Light 2 6 subnet addressing B 4 subnet mask B 5 C 21 C 22 T TCP IP configuring C 1 network troubleshooting 8 5 TCP IP properties verifying for Macintosh C 19 verifying for Windows C 8 C 17 time of day 8 8 time zone 5 8 time stamping 5 8 troubleshooting 8 1 Trusted Host 5 3 U Uplink switch B 14 USB C 20 W WAN 7 5 WEP 2 8 D 4 Wi Fi D 1 Windows configuring for IP routing C 4 C 9 winipcfg utility C 8 WinPOET C 20 Wired Equivalent Privacy See WEP Wireless Access C 3 Wireless Ethernet D 1 wireless network name 2 8 Wireless Performance 4 1 Wireless Range Guidelines 4 1 Wireless Security 4 2 World Wide Web 1 iii WPA PSK 4 5 WPA PSK Password Phrase 4 5 Index
13. 8 Maintenance 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The default password for the router s Web Configuration Manager is password Netgear recommends that you change this password to a more secure password From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select Set Password to bring up the menu shown below Change Password Old password New password Repeat new password Apply Cancel Figure 6 7 Set Password menu To change the password first enter the old password and then enter the new password twice Click Apply Maintenance 6 9 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 6 10 202 10039 01 Maintenance Chapter 7 Advanced Configuration of the Router This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers Although the router causes your entire local network to appear as a single machine to the Internet you can make a local server for example a web server or game server visible and available to the Internet This is done using the Port Forwarding menu From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced click on Port Forwarding to view the port forwarding menu shown below Ports Service
14. C 1 configuration automatic by DHCP 2 4 backup 6 6 erasing 6 7 restore 6 8 router initial 3 1 content filtering 2 2 5 1 conventions typography 1 1 crossover cable 2 3 8 2 B 14 B 15 customer support l iii Index Index D date and time 8 8 Daylight Savings Time 8 8 daylight savings time 5 8 Default DMZ Server 7 4 Denial of Service DoS protection 2 2 denial of service attack B 11 DHCP 2 4 B 10 DHCP Client ID C 18 DMZ 2 3 7 2 7 5 DMZ Server 7 4 DNS Proxy 2 4 DNS server C 22 DNS dynamic 7 9 domain C 22 Domain Name 3 14 domain name server DNS B 9 DoS attack B 11 Dynamic DNS 7 9 E End Port 7 2 EnterNet C 20 erase configuration 6 7 ESSID 4 9 D 2 Ethernet 2 3 Ethernet cable B 11 F factory settings restoring 6 7 firewall features 2 2 Flash memory for firmware upgrade 2 1 front panel 2 6 2 7 fully qualified domain name FQDN 4 6 G gateway address C 22 H Half Life 7 3 host name 3 14 IANA contacting B 2 IETF B 1 Web site address B 7 infrastructure mode D 2 installation 2 4 Internet account address information C 20 establishing C 20 IP addresses C 21 C 22 and NAT B 7 and the Internet B 2 assigning B 2 B 9 auto generated 8 3 private B 7 translating B 9 IP configuration by DHCP B 10 IP networking for Macintosh C 18 for Windows C 4 C 9 K KALI 7 3 L LAN IP Setup Menu 7 6 LEDs troubleshooting 8 2 log sending 5 7 log entries 5 6
15. Click the Properties button to view details about the connection Local Area Connection Status General Support Connection Status Connected 01 40 23 100 0 Mbps Duration Speed Activity Sent Received 138 143 Packets 243 057 e The TCP IP details are presented on the Support tab page e Select Internet Protocol and click Properties to view the configuration information 4 Local Area Connection Properties General Authentication Advanced Connect using E Intel R PRO 100 VE Network Connection This connection uses the following items 4 Client for Microsoft Networks v 8 File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks A QoS Packet Scheduler 3 Intemet Protocol TCP IP Install Uninstall Properties Description Allows your computer to access resources on a Microsoft network Show icon in notification area when connected OK Cancel Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Verify that the Obtain an IP address automatically radio button is selected e Verify that Obtain DNS server address automatically radio button is selected e Click the OK button This completes the DHCP configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Internet Protocol TCP IP Proper
16. Logout 3 11 3 12 MAC address 8 7 B 8 spoofing 3 14 8 5 Macintosh C 21 configuring for IP networking C 18 DHCP Client ID C 18 Obtaining ISP Configuration Information C 22 masquerading C 20 MDI MDI X B 15 MDI MDI X wiring B 14 metric 7 11 N NAT C 20 NAT See Network Address Translation netmask translation table B 6 Network Address Translation 2 3 B 7 C 20 Network Time Protocol 5 8 8 8 NTP 5 8 8 8 O Open System authentication D 4 P package contents 2 5 Passphrase 4 5 4 8 4 11 4 12 passphrase 2 2 password restoring 8 7 PC using to configure C 23 ping 7 5 placement 4 1 Index port filtering 5 3 Port Forwarding 7 1 port forwarding behind NAT B 8 Port Forwarding Menu 7 1 port numbers 5 3 PPP over Ethernet 2 4 C 20 PPPoE 2 4 C 20 Primary DNS Server 3 14 protocols Address Resolution B 8 DHCP 2 4 B 10 Routing Information 2 3 B 2 support 2 1 publications related B 1 Q Quake 7 3 R range 4 1 range port forwarding 7 2 rear panel 2 7 remote management 7 12 reserved IP adresses 7 8 restore configuration 6 8 restore factory settings 6 7 Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address 4 12 RFC 1466 B 7 B 9 1597 B 7 B 9 1631 B 7 B 9 finding B 7 RIP Router Information Protocol 7 7 router concepts B 1 Router Status 6 1 Routing Information Protocol 2 3 B 2 S Scope of Document 1 1 Index Secondary DNS Server 3 14 security 2 1 2 3 service numbers
17. MR814 v3 router allows you to block the use of certain Internet services by PCs on your network This is called services blocking or port filtering The Block Services menu is shown below Block Services off Per Schedule Always SericeType Port IP G 1 HTTP 80 80 Every IP Apply Ada Edit Delete Figure 5 2 Block Services menu Services are functions performed by server computers at the request of client computers For example Web servers serve web pages time servers serve time and date information and game hosts serve data about other players moves When a computer on your network sends a request for service to a server computer on the Internet the requested service is identified by a service or port number This number appears as the destination port number in the transmitted IP packets For example a packet that is sent with destination port number 80 is an HTTP Web server request To enable service blocking select either Per Schedule or Always then click Apply If you want to block by schedule be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu Content Filtering 5 3 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router To specify a service for blocking click Add The Add Services menu will appear as shown below Block Services Service Type HTTP frai Protocol Cr Z Starting Port ou 1 65535 Ending Port ou 1 65535 Service TypeUser D
18. Windows Server 2003 the updated network adapter driver must be able to pass the adapter s WPA capabilities and security configuration to the Wireless Zero Configuration service Microsoft has worked with many wireless vendors to embed the WPA firmware update in the wireless adapter driver So to update you Windows wireless client all you have to do is obtain the new WPA compatible driver and install the driver The firmware is automatically updated when the wireless network adapter driver is loaded in Windows Wireless Networking Basics D 17 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Changes to Wireless Client Programs Wireless client programs must be updated to permit the configuration of WPA authentication and preshared key and the new WPA encryption algorithms TKIP and the optional AES component To obtain the Microsoft WPA client program visit the following Microsoft Web site Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 10BASE T 100BASE Tx 802 11b Denial of Service attack DHCP DNS domain name Domain Name Server Dynamic Host Configuration Glossary IEEE 802 3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring IEEE 802 3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz DoS A
19. access and client adapters configurations match Wireless Networking Basics D 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router WEP Configuration Options The WEP settings must match on all 802 11b devices that are within the same wireless network as identified by the SSID In general if your mobile clients will roam between access points then all of the 802 11b access points and all of the 802 11b client adapters on the network must have the same WEP settings Note Whatever keys you enter for an AP you must also enter the same keys for the client adapter in the same order In other words WEP key 1 on the AP must match WEP key 1 on the client adapter WEP key 2 on the AP must match WEP key 2 on the client adapter etc Note The AP and the client adapters can have different default WEP Keys as long as the keys are in the same order In other words the AP can use WEP key 2 as its default key to transmit while a client adapter can use WEP key 3 as its default key to transmit The two devices will communicate as long as the AP s WEP key 2 is the same as the client s WEP key 2 and the AP s WEP key 3 is the same as the client s WEP key 3 WPA Wireless Security Wi Fi Protected Access WPA is a specification of standards based interoperable security enhancements that increase the level of data protection and access control for existing and future wireless LAN systems The IEEE introduced the WE
20. address always follow the guidelines explained here For more information about address assignment refer to RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space The Internet Engineering Task Force IETF publishes RFCs on its web site at www ietf org Single IP Address Operation Using NAT In the past if multiple computers on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneously you had to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP This type of Internet account is more costly than a single address account typically used by a single user with a modem rather than a router The MR814 v3 router employs an address sharing method called Network Address Translation NAT This method allows several networked computers to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal LAN IP addresses to a single address that is globally unique on the Internet The internal LAN IP addresses can be either private addresses or registered addresses For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT Network Routing Firewall and Basics B 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation Private IP addresses
21. all the settings for each tab page For Windows 2000 XP open the Local Area Network Connection select the TCP IP entry for the Ethernet adapter and click Properties Record all the settings for each tab page For Macintosh computers record the settings in the TCP IP or Network control panel e You may also refer to the MR amp 14 v3 Resource CD 2230 10095 01 for the NETGEAR Router ISP Guide which provides Internet connection information for many ISPs Once you locate your Internet configuration parameters you may want to record them on the page below C 2 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Record Your Internet Connection Information Print this page Fill in the configuration parameters from your Internet Service Provider ISP ISP Login Name The login name and password are case sensitive and must be entered exactly as given by your ISP Some ISPs use your full e mail address as the login name The Service Name is not required by all ISPs If you connect using a login name and password enter the following Login Name Password Service Name Fixed or Static IP Address If you have a static IP address record the following information For example 169 254 141 148 could be a valid IP address Fixed or Static Internet IP Address Gateway IP Address Subnet Mask ISP DNS Server Addresses If you were given DNS server addresses fill in the followin
22. are other applications that may not function well In some cases one local PC can run the application properly if that PC s IP address is entered as the default DMZ server Note DMZ servers pose a security risk A computer designated as the default DMZ server loses much of the protection of the firewall and is exposed to exploits from the Internet If compromised the DMZ server can be used to attack your network gt Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the router unless the traffic is a response to one of your local computers or a service that you have configured in the Ports menu Instead of discarding this traffic you can have it forwarded to one computer on your network This computer is called the Default DMZ Server 7 4 Advanced Configuration of the Router 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The WAN Setup menu shown below lets you configure a Default DMZ Server WAN Setup Default DMZ Server 192 168 fo fe o Respond To Ping On Internet Port MTU Size in bytes 1500 Figure 7 2 WAN Setup menu To assign a computer or server to be a Default DMZ server follow these steps 1 Click WAN Setup link on the Advanced section of the main menu 2 Type the IP address for that server To remove the default DMZ server replace the IP address numbers with all zeros 3 Click Apply Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port I
23. assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192 168 0 3 E 192 168 0 1 172 21 15 105 EERE A E me J Figure B 3 Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router This filtering can prevent intruders from probing your system However using port forwarding you can allow one computer for example a web server on your local network to be accessible to outside users MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver data from one LAN device to another To send data between LAN devices you must convert the IP address of the destination device to its media access control MAC address Each device on an Ethernet network has a unique MAC address which is a 48 bit number assigned to each device by the manufacturer The technique that associates the IP address with a MAC address is known as address resolution Internet Protocol uses the Address Resolution Protocol ARP to resolve MAC addresses B 8 Network Routing Firewall and Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router If a device sends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded ARP is used An ARP
24. by typing http www routerlogin net in the address field of your browser then click Enter Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 13 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 2 For security reasons the router has its own user name and password When prompted enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password both in lower case letters 3 Click Basic Settings on the Setup menu 4 If your Internet connection does not require a login click No at the top of the Basic Settings menu and fill in the settings according to the instructions below If your Internet connection does require a login click Yes and skip to step 3 a e Enter your Account Name may also be called Host Name and Domain Name These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news servers Internet IP Address If your ISP has assigned you a permanent fixed static IP address for your computer select Use static IP address Enter the IP address that your ISP assigned Also enter the netmask and the Gateway IP address The Gateway is the ISP s router to which your router will connect Domain Name Server DNS Address If you know that your ISP does not automatically transmit DNS addresses to the router during login select Use these DNS servers and enter the IP address of your ISP s Primary DNS Server If a Secondary DNS Server address is avail
25. frame data and the ICV Michael also provides replay protection A new frame counter in the IEEE 802 11 frame is used to prevent replay attacks AES Support One of the encryption methods supported by WPA beside TKIP is the advanced encryption standard AES although AES support will not be required initially for Wi Fi certification This is viewed as the optimal choice for security conscience organizations but the problem with AES is that it requires a fundamental redesign of the NIC s hardware in both the station and the access point TKIP was a pragmatic compromise that allows organizations to deploy better security while AES capable equipment is being designed manufactured and incrementally deployed Wireless Networking Basics D 15 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Is WPA Perfect WPA is not without its vulnerabilities Specifically it is susceptible to denial of service DoS attacks If the access point receives two data packets that fail the Message Integrity Code MIC check within 60 seconds of each other then the network is under an active attack and as a result the access point employs counter measures which includes disassociating each station using the access point This prevents an attacker from gleaning information about the encryption key and alerts administrators but it also causes users to lose network connectivity for 60 seconds More than anything else this may just
26. hacker attack designed to prevent your computer or network from operating or communicating See Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol See Domain Name Server A descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the Internet Domain names are of the form of a registered entity name plus one of a number of predefined top level suffixes such as com edu uk etc For example in the address mail NETGEAR com mail is a server name and NETGEAR com is the domain A Domain Name Server DNS resolves descriptive names of network resources such as www NETGEAR com to numeric IP addresses DHCP An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration information to multiple DHCP clients The Protocol assigned information includes IP addresses DNS addresses and gateway router addresses Gateway A local device usually a router that connects hosts on a local network to other networks IP See Internet Protocol IP Address A four byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic an organization formed for this purpose Usually written in dotted decimal notation with periods separating the bytes for example 134 177 244 57 ISP Internet service provider Glossary 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Internet Protocol LAN local area network MAC address Mbps MTU Maximum Transmi
27. level User Authentication via 802 1x EAP and RADIUS cccceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaees D 12 WPA Data Encryption Key Management ccccescceceeeeseceeeeeeseeeeeeeeneenees D 14 PURE PBMGEIS wacernciccestedoictoninnissstasndnciccautean iectcnieniade smeshadineniens band ceteanadedweebeadntes D 16 Product UO Or Mot WPA sssrinin aiana S aa aaia A D 16 Supporting a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients csceesee D 16 Changes to Wireless Access POINTS 0 0 ccccecceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeneeeeeteaeeneenees D 16 Changes to Wireless Network Adapters c ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeesetaeeeteneees D 17 Changes to Wireless Client Programs cccccceseeeeeeeeeetaeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeneees D 18 Glossary Index x Contents 202 10039 01 Chapter 1 About This Manual This chapter describes the intended audience scope conventions and formats of this manual Audience Scope Conventions and Formats This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills However basic computer network Internet firewall and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices and on the Netgear website This guide uses the following typographical conventions Table 1 1 Typographical Conventions italics Emphasis books CDs URL names bold User input SMALL CAPS Screen text file and server names extensions commands IP addresses
28. listed on the World Wide Web at www ietf org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide Basic Router Concepts Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network LAN However providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive Because of this expense Internet access is usually provided by a slower speed wide area network WAN link such as a cable or DSL modem In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router What is a Router A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router In these routing tables a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network Using this information the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic Routers vary in performance and scale number of routing protocols supported and types of physical WAN connection they support The MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single user broadband connection Network Routing Firewall and Basics B 1 202 10039 01 Referen
29. network By default IEEE 802 11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption is used when the wireless devices are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode There are two shared key methods implemented in most commercially available products 64 bit and 128 bit WEP data encryption 802 11b Authentication The 802 11b standard defines several services that govern how two 802 11b devices communicate The following events must occur before an 802 11b Station can communicate with an Ethernet network through an access point such as the one built in to the MR814 v3 1 Turn on the wireless station The station listens for messages from any access points that are in range The station finds a message from an access point that has a matching SSID The station sends an authentication request to the access point The access point authenticates the station The station sends an association request to the access point The access point associates with the station y ON Re SOR IS The station can now communicate with the Ethernet network through the access point An access point must authenticate a station before the station can associate with the access point or communicate with the network The IEEE 802 11b standard defines two types of authentication Open System and Shared Key e Open System Authentication allows any device to join the network assuming that the device SSID
30. or access printers and files on your LAN Using the Basic IP Settings Options 3 Understanding the Basic Wireless Set How to Configure WEP Wireless Seci Figure 1 1 HTML version of this manual 1 Left pane Use the left pane to view the Contents Index Search and Favorites tabs To view the HTML version of the manual you must have a version 4 or later browser with JavaScript enabled 2 Toolbar buttons Use the toolbar buttons across the top to navigate print pages and more The Show in Contents button locates the current topic in the Contents tab Previous Next buttons display the previous or next topic PDF The PDF button links to a PDF version of the full manual E The Print button prints the current topic Click this button when a step by step procedure is displayed to send the entire procedure to your printer You do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages 3 Right pane Use the right pane to view the contents of the manual Also each page of the manual includesa PDF of This Chapter link at the top right which links to a PDF file containing just the currently selected chapter of the manual 2 About This Manual 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router How to Print this Manual To print this manual you can choose one of the following several options according to your needs Printing a How To Sequence of Steps in the HTML View Use the Pr
31. router has its own user name and password When prompted enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password both in lower case letters To change the password see Changing the Administrator Password on page 6 8 Note The router user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you may use to log in to your Internet connection Once you have entered your user name and password your Web browser should find the MR814 v3 router and display the home page as shown in Login result MR814 v3 home page on page 3 11 3 Click Setup Wizard on the upper left of the main menu 4 Click Next to proceed Input your ISP settings as needed 5 At the end of the Setup Wizard click the Test button to verify your Internet connection If you have trouble connecting to the Internet use the Troubleshooting Tips Troubleshooting Tips on page 3 8 to correct basic problems or refer to Chapter 8 Troubleshooting The topics below describe each of the various options the Smart Wizard can detect Use this information to assist you with filling in the menus NETGEAR product registration support and documentation Register your product at http www NETGEAR com register Registration is required before you can use our telephone support service Product updates and web support are always available by going to http kbserver netgear com products MR 81 4v3 asp Documentation is available on the C
32. sequence of events should occur 1 When power is first applied verify that the Power light is on 2 After approximately 10 seconds verify that a The power light is solid green b The LAN port lights are lit for any local ports that are connected c The Internet port light is lit If a port s light is lit a link has been established to the connected device If a LAN port is connected to a 100 Mbps device verify that the port s light is green If the port is 10 Mbps the light will be amber If any of these conditions does not occur refer to the appropriate following section Power Light Not On If the Power and other lights are off when your router is turned on e Make sure that the power cord is properly connected to your router and that the power supply adapter is properly connected to a functioning power outlet e Check that you are using the 12 V DC 1A power adapter supplied by NETGEAR for this product If the error persists you have a hardware problem and should contact technical support Troubleshooting 8 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Lights Never Turn Off When the router is turned on the lights turns on for about 10 seconds and then turn off If all the lights stay on there is a fault within the router If all lights are still on one minute after power up e Cycle the power to see if the router recovers e Clear the router s configuration to f
33. set up the router on your local area network LAN and connect to the Internet You will find out how to configure your MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router for Internet access using the Setup Wizard or how to manually configure your Internet connection Follow these instructions to set up your router Prepare to Install Your Router e Observe the wireless placement and range guidelines in the Reference Manual e For Cable Modem Service When you perform the router setup steps be sure to use the computer you first registered with your cable ISP e For DSL Service You may need information such as the DSL login name e mail address and password in order to complete the router setup Before proceeding with the router installation familiarize yourself with the contents of the MR814 v3 Resource CD 2230 10095 01 especially this manual and the animated tutorials for configuring networking on PCs First Connect the Router to the Internet L CONNECT THE ROUTER THE COMPUTER AND THE MODEM a Turn off your computer b Turn off the cable or DSL broadband modem Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router c Locate the Ethernet cable cable 1 in the diagram that connects your PC to the modem BEY SZ sec HK Cable 1 LNs Al O Internet i A gow computer modem Figure 3 1 Disconn
34. sync with the ISP reapply power to your router 5 Then restart your computer If your router is still unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP the problem may be one of the following e Your ISP may require a login program Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or some other type of login e If your ISP requires a login you may have incorrectly set the login name and password e Your ISP may check for your computer s host name Assign the computer Host Name of your ISP account as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu e Your ISP only allows one Ethernet MAC address to connect to Internet and may check for your computer s MAC address In this case 8 4 Troubleshooting 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Inform your ISP that you have bought a new network device and ask them to use the router s MAC address OR Configure your router to spoof your computer s MAC address This can be done in the Basic Settings menu Refer to How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant on page 3 12 If your router can obtain an IP address but your computer is unable to load any web pages from the Internet e Your computer may not recognize any DNS server addresses A DNS server is a host on the Internet that translates Internet names such as www addresses to numeric IP addresses Typically your ISP will provide the addresses of one or two DNS servers for
35. the wireless port of the router The default is Wireless This field displays the geographic region where the router being used It may be illegal to use the wireless features of the router in some parts of the world Identifies if the channel the wireless port is using See Wireless Channels on page D 2 for the frequencies used on each channel Maintenance 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Click on the Show Connection Status button to display the connection status as shown below IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway DHCP Server DNS Server f Lease Obtained i Lease Expires 10 1 0 44 255 255 254 0 10 1 1 13 10 1 1 6 10 1 1 6 10 1 1 56 1 days 0 hrs 0 minutes 0 days 23 hrs 55 minutes Release Renew Close Window Figure 6 2 Connection Status screen This screen shows the following statistics Table 6 2 Connection Status Items Item Description IP Address The WAN Internet IP Address assigned to the router Subnet Mask The WAN Internet Subnet Mask assigned to the router Default Gateway The WAN Internet default gateway the router communicates with DHCP Server The IP address of the DHCP server which provided the IP configuration addresses DNS Server Lease Obtained The IP address of the DNS server which provides network name to IP address translation When the DHCP lease
36. the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Region United States a Channel liv Security Options O Disable O WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WPA PSK Wi Fi Protected Access Pre Shared Key Security Encryption WPA PSK Passphrase 8 63 characters Key Lifetime 0 minutes Figure 4 6 WPA Settings menu 2 Enter a word or group of 8 63 printable characters in the Password Phrase box 3 Click Apply to save your settings How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address To restrict access based on MAC Addresses follow these steps 1 Log in to the MR814 v3 firewall at http www routerlogin net with its default user name of admin and default password of password or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up Note When configuring the firewall from a wireless computer whose MAC address is gt not in the Trusted PC list if you select Turn Access Control On you will lose your wireless connection when you click on Apply You must then access the router from a wired computer or from a wireless computer which is on the access control list to make any further changes 2 Click Wireless Settings in the Advanced section of the main menu of the MR814 v3 3 Click Setup Access List to display the Wireless Station Access List menu 4 12 Wireless Configuration 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable
37. this example the domain suffix is xxx yyy com If any of these items are dynamically supplied by the ISP your firewall automatically acquires them If an ISP technician configured your PC during the installation of the broadband modem or if you configured it using instructions provided by your ISP you need to copy the configuration information from your PC s Network TCP IP Properties window or Macintosh TCP IP Control Panel before reconfiguring your PC for use with the firewall These procedures are described next Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers As mentioned above you may need to collect configuration information from your PC so that you can use this information when you configure the MR814 v3 router Following this procedure is only necessary when your ISP does not dynamically supply the account information To get the information you need to configure the firewall for Internet access 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network window opens which displays a list of installed components 3 Select TCP IP and then click Properties The TCP IP Properties dialog box opens 4 Select the IP Address tab If an IP address and subnet mask are shown write down the information If an address is present your account uses a fixed static IP address If no address is present your account uses a dynamically a
38. v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64 000 nodes Most organizations do not use 64 000 nodes so there are free bits that can be reassigned Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free as shown below Class B i Network Subnet Node Figure B 2 Example of Subnetting a Class B Address A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses For example the IP address of 172 16 0 0 is assigned but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet address The IP address of 172 16 97 235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172 16 subnet number 97 and node number 235 In addition to extending the number of addresses available subnet addressing provides other benefits Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the organization Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting To create more network numbers you need only shift some bits from the host address to the
39. will cause yourhost dyndns org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost dyndns org Click Apply to save your configuration Configuring Static Routes Static Routes provide additional routing information to your router Under normal circumstances the router has adequate routing information after it has been configured for Internet access and you do not need to configure additional static routes You must configure static routes only for unusual cases such as multiple routers or multiple IP subnets located on your network From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced click on Static Routes to view the Static Route menu shown below IP Static Routes e Name Destination Gateway j1 isdn_rtr 134 177 0 0 192 168 0 100 O 2 ef efa ejs ole ejz els Eoi Figure 7 4 Static Route Summary Table To add or edit a Static Route 7 10 Advanced Configuration of the Router 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 1 Click the Add button to open the Add Edit Menu shown below Route Name fisan M Private Destination IP Address fisai7700 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway IP Address fis2 168 0 100 Metric bo Apply Cancel Figure 7 5 Static Route Entry and Edit Menu 9 Type a route name for this static route in the Route Name box under the table This is for identification purpose only Select Pr
40. your use If you entered a DNS address during the router s configuration reboot your computer and verify the DNS address as described in Install or Verify Windows Networking Components on page C 9 Alternatively you may configure your computer manually with DNS addresses as explained in your operating system documentation e Your computer may not have the router configured as its TCP IP gateway If your computer obtains its information from the router by DHCP reboot the computer and verify the gateway address as described in Install or Verify Windows Networking Components on page C 9 Troubleshooting a TCP IP Network Using a Ping Utility Most TCP IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device The device then responds with an echo reply Troubleshooting a TCP IP network is made very easy by using the ping utility in your computer or workstation Testing the LAN Path to Your Router You can ping the router from your computer to verify that the LAN path to your router is set up correctly To ping the router from a PC running Windows 95 or later 1 From the Windows toolbar click on the Start button and select Run 2 Inthe field provided type Ping followed by the IP address of the router as in this example ping 192 168 0 1 Troubleshooting 8 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 3 Click on OK You s
41. 0 minutes Shorter durations will ensure that control points have current device status at the expense of additional network traffic Longer durations may compromise the freshness of the device status but can significantly reduce network traffic Advertisement Time To Live The time to live for the advertisement is measured in hops steps for each UPnP packet sent The time to live hop count is the number of steps a broadcast packet is allowed to propagate for each UPnP advertisement before it disappears The number of hops can range from 1 to 255 The default value for the advertisement time to live is 4 hops which should be fine for most home networks If you notice that some devices are not being updated or reached correctly then it may be necessary to increase this value a little UPnP Portmap Table The UPnP Portmap Table displays the IP address of each UPnP device that is currently accessing the router and which ports Internal and External that device has opened The UPnP Portmap Table also displays what type of port is opened and if that port is still active for each IP address 7 14 Advanced Configuration of the Router 202 10039 01 Chapter 8 Troubleshooting This chapter gives information about troubleshooting your MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router After each problem description instructions are provided to help you diagnose and solve the problem Basic Functioning After you turn on power to the router the following
42. 000 with Service Pack 3 do include the client software that supports WPA Nevertheless the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA Wireless Configuration 4 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Advanced Wireless Settings To configure the advanced wireless settings of your firewall click the Wireless Setup link in the Advanced section of the main menu of the browser interface The Wireless Settings menu will appear as shown below Advanced Wireless Settings Wireless Router Settings Enable Wireless Access Point Enable SSID Broadcast Wireless Card Access List Setup Access List Figure 4 3 Advanced Wireless Settings menu e Allow Broadcast of Name SSID If you disable broadcast of the SSID only devices that have the correct SSID can connect Disabling SSID broadcast nullifies the wireless network discovery feature of some products such as Windows XP e Enable Wireless Access Point If you disable the wireless access point wireless devices cannot connect to the MR814 v3 e Wireless Card Access List When the Trusted PCs Only radio button is selected the MR814 v3 checks the MAC address of the wireless station and only allows connections to computers identified on the trusted computers list 4 6 Wireless Configuration 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Information to Gather Before Changing B
43. 254 Refer to Verifying TCP IP Properties on page C 8 or Verifying TCP IP Properties for Macintosh Computers on page C 19 to find your computer s IP address Follow the instructions in Appendix C to configure your computer Note If your computer s IP address is shown as 169 254 x x Recent versions of Windows and MacOS will generate and assign an IP address if the computer cannot reach a DHCP server These auto generated addresses are in the range of 169 254 x x If your IP address is in this range check the connection from the computer to the router and reboot your computer If your router s IP address has been changed and you don t know the current IP address clear the router s configuration to factory defaults This will set the router s IP address to 192 168 0 1 This procedure is explained in Restoring the Default Configuration and Password on page 8 7 Make sure your browser has Java JavaScript or ActiveX enabled If you are using Internet Explorer click Refresh to be sure the Java applet is loaded Try quitting the browser and launching it again Make sure you are using the correct login information The factory default login name is admin and the password is password Make sure that CAPS LOCK is off when entering this information If the router does not save changes you have made in the web Configuration Interface check the following When entering configuration settings be sure to click the APPLY
44. Attached Devices Idle Timeout In Minutes Backup Settings Domain Name Server DNS Address Get Automatically From ISP Use These DNS Servers Set Password Router Upgrade Port Forwarding Primary DNS WAN Setup Secondary DNS LAN IP Setup Wireless Setup Dynamic DNS Static Routes Remote Management UPnP Knowledge Base Documentation Logout Figure 3 9 Login result MR814 v3 home page The browser will then display the MR814 v3 settings home page When the router is connected to the Internet click the Knowledge Base or the Documentation link under the Web Support menu to view support information or the documentation for the router If you do not click Logout the router will wait 5 minutes after there is no activity before it automatically logs you out Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 11 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant 1 When the router is in the factory default state type http www routerlogin net basicsetting htm in the address field of your browser then click Enter When the router is in the factory default state a user name and password are not required 2 The browser will then display the MR814 v3 settings home page shown in Login result MR814 v3 home page on page 3 11 If you do not click Logout the router will wait 5 minutes after there is no activity before it aut
45. D 9 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802 11i WPA will be forward compatible with the IEEE 802 11i security specification currently under development WPA is a subset of the current 802 11i draft and uses certain pieces of the 802 11i draft that are ready to bring to market today such as 802 1x and TKIP The main pieces of the 802 111 draft that are not included in WPA are secure IBSS Ad Hoc mode secure fast handoff for specialized 802 11 VoIP phones as well as enhanced encryption protocols such as AES CCMP These features are either not yet ready for market or will require hardware upgrades to implement What are the Key Features of WPA Security The following security features are included in the WPA standard e WPA Authentication e WPA Encryption Key Management Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP Michael message integrity code MIC AES Support e Support for a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients These features are discussed below WPA addresses most of the known WEP vulnerabilities and is primarily intended for wireless infrastructure networks as found in the enterprise This infrastructure includes stations access points and authentication servers typically RADIUS servers The RADIUS server holds or has access to user credentials e g user names and passwords and authenticates wireless users before they gain access to the net
46. D and at http kbserver netgear com documentation MR8 14v3 asp When the router is connected to the Internet click the Knowledge Base or the Documentation link under the Web Support menu to view support information or the documentation for the router 3 16 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10039 01 Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the wireless features of your MR814 v3 router In planning your wireless network you should consider the level of security required You should also select the physical placement of your firewall in order to maximize the network speed For further information on wireless networking refer to in Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics Observe Performance Placement and Range Guidelines The operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly based on the physical placement of the wireless firewall The latency data throughput performance and notebook power consumption also vary depending on your configuration choices Note Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the router For complete range performance specifications please see Appendix A Technical Specifications gt For best results place your firewall e Near the center of the area in which your PCs will operate e Inan elevated location such as a h
47. DSL Wireless Router Wireless Card Access List Setup Access List Wireless Card Access List Turn Access Control On pevica Wireless Card Access Setup Available Wireless Cards Device Name MAC Address 1 alsallette xp2 00 30 ab 11 ed 84 ireless Card Entry Device Name alsallette xp2 MAC Address 00 30 ab 11 ed 84 Figure 4 7 Wireless Card Access List Setup 8 Click the Turn Access Control On check box Click Add to add a wireless device to the wireless access control list The Wireless Card Access Setup menu displays Then either select from the list of available wireless cards the MR814 v3 has found in your area or enter the MAC address and device name for a device you plan to use You can usually find the MAC address printed on the wireless adapter Note You can copy and paste the MAC addresses from the firewall s Attached Devices menu into the MAC Address box of this menu To do this configure each wireless computer to obtain a wireless link to the firewall The computer should then appear in the Attached Devices menu Click Add to add this wireless device to the Wireless Card Access List The screen changes back to the list screen Repeat these steps for each additional device you wish to add to the list Be sure to click Apply to save your wireless access control list settings Now only devices on this list will be allowed to wirelessly connect to the MR814 v3 Wireless Configuration 4
48. Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select the Router Upgrade heading to display the menu shown below Router Upgrade Locate and select the upgrade file from your hard disk Browse Upload Cancel Figure 6 6 Router Upgrade menu To upload new firmware 1 Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR 2 Inthe Router Upgrade menu click the Browse button and browse to the location of the binary BIN upgrade file 3 Click Upload Note When uploading software to the MR814 v3 router it is important not to interrupt the Web browser by closing the window clicking a link or loading a new page If the browser is interrupted it may corrupt the software When the upload is complete your router will automatically restart The upgrade process will typically take about one minute In some cases you may need to reconfigure the router after upgrading Changing the Administrator Password Note Before changing the router password use the router backup utility to save your am configuration settings If after changing the password you forget the new password you assigned you will have to reset the router back to the factory defaults to be able to log in using the default password of password This means you will have to restore all the router configuration settings If you ever have to reset the router back to the factory defaults you can restore your settings from the backup 6
49. P as an optional security measure to secure 802 11b Wi Fi WLANs but inherent weaknesses in the standard soon became obvious In response to this situation the Wi Fi Alliance announced a new security architecture in October 2002 that remedies the short comings of WEP This standard formerly known as Safe Secure Network SSN is designed to work with existing 802 11 products and offers forward compatibility with 802 111 the new wireless security architecture being defined in the IEEE WPA offers the following benefits e Enhanced data privacy e Robust key management e Data origin authentication e Data integrity protection D 8 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The Wi Fi Alliance is now performing interoperability certification testing on Wi Fi Protected Access products Starting August of 2003 all new Wi Fi certified products will have to support WPA NETGEAR will implement WPA on client and access point products and make this available in the second half of 2003 Existing Wi Fi certified products will have one year to add WPA support or they will loose their Wi Fi certification The 802 111 standard is currently in draft form with ratification due at the end of 2003 While the new IEEE 802 11i standard is being ratified wireless vendors have agreed on WPA as an interoperable interim standard How Does WPA Compare to WEP WEP is a data encryption method an
50. P in Windows 2000 Ser rer errr rer rr 4 DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows NT4 EP E ETE teens anaes ae Ve Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP 2000 ver NT4 T S e Configuring the Macintosh for TCP IP Networking ssesseeeseseseersresesserereeree C18 MacOS 8 6 or 9 x MacOS X noniine ve Verifying TCP IP Properties for Macintosh Computers cee ees eeeeeeeeee O19 Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account C 20 Are Login Protocols Used ccccctuiaunectrnusasanecmnametanaiemeniaamaionaenee What la sal eb cee information eee Wireless PAER Basics Wireless Networking Overview Infrastructure Mode igo eR Ad Hoc Mode Peer to to adage Network Name Extended Service Set Identificatior Wireless Channels Authentication and WEP 802 11b p Open System AUTNSHNCAION sericsson oeira harci Koy AUREIU NU ronseis e a ra Ee Overview of WEP Parameters 2c cadsircesassasniccieaisedcesiaicanececuiadaalecciadaaivecoraiancosdatas Key Size er re rere err E eer WEP Cantiguietin Opt ons Contents 202 10039 01 WPA WIPE SSS OCI orania a ent aie D 8 How Does WPA Compare 10 WEP T asc icicscciaatsaceguesiduleceteacans dagensaiardenbariiadedorstixeaaes D 9 How Does WPA Compare to IEEE 802 1117 cccccsttvensionenccictets cereisccnnciiestenes D 10 What are the Key Features of WPA Security ccccseesesceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteteeeeeaeeeees D 10 WPA Authentication Enterprise
51. R E EA E IP Configuration by DHCP re Internet Security and Firewalls Gu a Ges goss EE E E A E A E careers R 2 ey 0 Stateful Packet Inspection Benialoi Senice AMA sca tversisestesiiansnetiaianarepidenteaicousverdinaeondanmemnacele ht Emere Gra BNE srira acne een a eae Category 5 Cable Quality Inside Twisted Pair Cables ee EE ER Uplink Switches Crossover Cables and J MDI MDIX X Switching A e Appendix C Preparing Your Network What You Need To Use a Router with a Broadband Modem ccceceeeeeeseeeetees C 1 Cabling and Computer Hardware EA PEE EE AEE T E Computer Network Configuration PE ncaa end Internet Configuration Requirements C 2 Where Do Get the Internet Configuration Parameters Record Your Internet Connection Information ceceeseeeeeeeeteeseeeeeteteeeteteeeees OOD Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking Configuring Windows 95 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking viii Contents 202 10039 01 wi C 4 meres DHCP t to ian pde TOP P IP P Settings in Windows 95B 98 and Me C 6 Selecting Windows Internet Access Method cceessseeseeeseeeseesetestntetseteeees 0 8 Intell or Verity V ines Networki g cael niis E E A DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP 2000 or NT4 E hao DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP ssssssssssssssnssnesnonnennrnsrnrnnsnnnenaeeaee 0 10 DHCP Configuration of TCP I
52. Starting IP Address lig2 hes o fe Ending IP Address 192 168 fo 50 l Address Reservation IP Address Device Name MAC Address Figure 7 3 LAN IP Setup Menu Configuring LAN TCP IP Setup Parameters The router is shipped preconfigured to use private IP addresses on the LAN side and to act as a DHCP server The router s default LAN IP configuration is e LAN IP addresses 192 168 0 1 e Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 7 6 Advanced Configuration of the Router 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router These addresses are part of the IETF designated private address range for use in private networks and should be suitable in most applications If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme you can make those changes in this menu The LAN IP parameters are e IP Address This is the LAN IP address of the router e JP Subnet Mask This is the LAN Subnet Mask of the router Combined with the IP address the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it and which must be reached through a gateway or router e RIP Direction RIP Router Information Protocol allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers The RIP Direction selection controls how the router sends and receives RIP packets Both is the default When set to Both or Out Only the router will broadcast its routing table periodically W
53. able enter it also Note If you enter an address here restart the computers on your network so that these settings take effect Gateway s MAC Address This section determines the Ethernet MAC address that will be used by the router on the Internet port Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your computer when your account is first opened They will then only accept traffic from the MAC address of that computer This feature allows your router to masquerade as that computer by cloning its MAC address To change the MAC address select Use this Computer s MAC address The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using You must be using the one computer that is allowed by the ISP Or select Use this MAC address and enter it Click Apply to save your settings 5 If your Internet connection does require a login fill in the settings according to the instructions below Select Yes if you normally must launch a login program such as Enternet or WinPOET in order to access the Internet 3 14 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Note After you finish setting up your router you will no longer need to launch the ISP s login program on your computer in order to access the Internet When you start an Internet application your router will automatically
54. able DSL Wireless Router From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select the Settings Backup heading to bring up the menu shown below Settings Backup Save a copy of current settings Back Up Restore saved settings from file Browse Restore Revert to factory default settings Erase Figure 6 5 Settings Backup menu Three options are available and are described in the following sections Restoring and Backing Up the Configuration The Restore and Backup options in the Settings Backup menu allow you to save and retrieve a file containing your router s configuration settings To save your settings select the Backup tab Click the Backup button Your browser will extract the configuration file from the router and will prompt you for a location on your PC to store the file You can give the file a meaningful name at this time such as pacbell cfg To restore your settings from a saved configuration file enter the full path to the file on your PC or click the Browse button to browse to the file When you have located it click the Restore button to send the file to the router The router will then reboot automatically 6 6 Maintenance 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Erasing the Configuration It is sometimes desirable to restore the router to a known blank condition This can be done by using the Erase function which will restore al
55. actory defaults This will set the router s IP address to 192 168 0 1 This procedure is explained in Restoring the Default Configuration and Password on page 8 7 If the error persists you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support LAN or WAN Port Lights Not On If either the LAN lights or Internet light do not light when the Ethernet connection is made check the following e Make sure that the Ethernet cable connections are secure at the router and at the hub or workstation e Make sure that power is turned on to the connected hub or workstation e Be sure you are using the correct cable When connecting the router s Internet port to a cable or DSL modem use the cable that was supplied with the cable or DSL modem This cable could be a standard straight through Ethernet cable or an Ethernet crossover cable 8 2 Troubleshooting 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface If you are unable to access the router s web Configuration interface from a computer on your local network check the following Check the Ethernet connection between the computer and the router as described in the previous section Make sure your computer s IP address is on the same subnet as the router If you are using the recommended addressing scheme your computer s address should be in the range of 192 168 0 2 to 192 168 0
56. al Masklength 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 255 255 255 0 255 255 255 128 255 255 255 192 255 255 255 224 255 255 255 240 255 255 255 248 255 255 255 252 255 255 255 254 255 255 255 255 8 16 124 125 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the same netmask for the following reasons B 6 Network Routing Firewall and Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address In order for this scheme to work all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address e So that a local router or bridge recognizes which addresses are local and which are remote Private IP Addresses If your local network is isolated from the Internet for example when using NAT you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the ANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks 100 020 10 255 255 255 172 16 0 0 172 31 255 255 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 Choose your private network number from this range The DHCP server of the MR814 v3 router is preconfigured to automatically assign private addresses Regardless of your particular situation do not create an arbitrary IP
57. allation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance This is to certify that the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89 336 EEC Article 4a Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B CISPR 22 202 10039 01 Bestatigung des Herstellers Importeurs Es wird hiermit best tigt da das MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router gem der im BMPT AmtsblVfg 243 1991 und Vfg 46 1992 aufgef hrten Bestimmungen entstort ist Das vorschriftsmabige Betreiben einiger Ger te z B Testsender kann jedoch gewissen Beschr nkungen unterliegen Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung Das Bundesamt fiir Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet da dieses Ger t auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt die Serie auf die Erf llung der Vorschriften hin zu b
58. amp Game Server IP Address HTTP HOO _ SericeName Start Port End Port Server IP Address oji FTP a 21 192 168 0 100 2 HTTP 80 80 192 168 0 101 Add Custom Service Edit Service Delete Ser Figure 7 1 Port Forwarding Menu Note If you are unfamiliar with networking and routing refer to Appendix B gt Network Routing Firewall and Basics to become more familiar with the terms and procedures used in this manual Advanced Configuration of the Router 7 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Use the Port Forwarding menu to configure the router to forward incoming protocols to computers on your local network In addition to servers for specific applications you can also specify a Default DMZ Server to which all other incoming protocols are forwarded The DMZ Server is configured in the Security Menu Before starting you ll need to determine which type of service application or game you ll provide and the IP address of the computer that will provide each service Be sure the computer s IP address never changes To configure port forwarding to a local server Note To assure that the same computer always has the same IP address use the reserved IP address feature of your MR814 v3 router See Using Address Reservation on page 7 8 for instructions on how to use reserved IP addresses 1 From the Service amp Game box select the serv
59. and all NETGEAR i theft MR814 v3 with the 3 To use WEP security features security settings of wireless networking see Implement Appropriate the wireless products Wireless Security and configure network your MR814 v3 accordingly 3 Use Windows security features Note Secure Internet sites such as banks and online merchants use encryption security built into browsers like Internet Explorer and Netscape Any wireless networking security features you might implement are in addition to those already in place on secure Internet sites 202 10039 01 Introduction Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Table 2 1 A Road Map for How to Get There From Here If Want To What Do Do What s Needed How Do I Share 1 Use the Windows e Windows computers wired Windows Domain settings are Windows PC Printers and Fax and wireless am using to usually managed by corporate files and features to locate connect to the network computer support groups printers at available printers in need to be configured with Bman RCO a Hean pat Sag dows Workgroup stings l wireless and wired 9 are commonly managed by wireless and wired network Note For sharing files and printers on other types of computers like Macintosh or Linux refer to the product documentation that came with those network in your home Use the Windows Add a Printer wizard to add access to a network
60. art your Macintosh or you may need to switch the Configure setting to a different option then back again to Using DHCP Server Preparing Your Network C 19 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account For broadband access to the Internet you need to contract with an Internet service provider ISP for a single user Internet access account using a cable modem or DSL modem This modem must be a separate physical box not a card and must provide an Ethernet port intended for connection to a Network Interface Card NIC in a computer Your firewall does not support a USB connected broadband modem For a single user Internet account your ISP supplies TCP IP configuration information for one computer With a typical account much of the configuration information is dynamically assigned when your PC is first booted up while connected to the ISP and you will not need to know that dynamic information In order to share the Internet connection among several computers your firewall takes the place of the single PC and you need to configure it with the TCP IP information that the single PC would normally use When the firewall s Internet port is connected to the broadband modem the firewall appears to be a single PC to the ISP The firewall then allows the PCs on the local network to masquerade as the single PC to access the Internet through the broad
61. asic Wireless Settings Before customizing your wireless settings print this form and record the following information If you are working with an existing wireless network the person who set up or is responsible for the network will be able to provide this information Otherwise you will choose the settings for your wireless network Either way record the settings for your wireless network in the spaces below e Wireless Network Name SSID The SSID identifies the wireless network You can use up to 32 alphanumeric characters The SSID is case sensitive The SSID in the wireless adapter card must match the SSID of the router In some configuration utilities such as in Windows XP the term wireless network name is used instead of SSID If WEP Authentication is Used Circle one Open System Shared Key or Auto Note If you select Shared Key the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to Shared Key as well and are configured with the correct key WEP Encryption key size Choose one 64 bit or 128 bit Again the encryption key size must be the same for the wireless adapters and the router Data Encryption WEP Keys There are two methods for creating WEP data encryption keys Whichever method you use record the key values in the spaces below e Passphrase method These characters are case sensitive Enter a word or group of printable characters and click the Generate Keys button Not all wirel
62. ation Settings Have Been Applied 1 Connect to the router by typing http www routerlogin net in the address field of your browser then click Enter http www routerlogin net 1 2 For security reasons the router has its own user name and password When prompted enter admin for the router user name and password for the router password both in lower case letters To change the password see Changing the Administrator Password on page 6 8 Note The router user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you may use to log in to your Internet connection A login window like the one shown below opens Please type your user name and password Site 192 168 0 1 Realm UserName fadmin Password Cs I Save this password in your password list Cancel Figure 3 8 Login window Once you have entered your user name and password your Web browser should find the MR814 v3 router and display the home page as shown in below 3 10 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router NETGEAR SMARTWIZARD router manager Wireless Router mode MRS 4 v3 Setup Wizard Basic Settings Does Your Internet Connection Require A Login Yes O No Basic Settings Wireless Settings Logs Block ites Internet Service Provider Block Services Schedule E mail Login Password Router Status Service Name If Required
63. ator with an IP address yields the network address For instance the netmasks for Class A B and C addresses are 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 and 255 255 255 0 respectively For example the address 192 168 170 237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits When combined using an AND operator with the Class C netmask as shown here only the network portion of the address remains 11000000 10101000 10101010 11101101 192 168 170 237 combined with 11111111 11111111 3211111111 00000000 255 255 255 0 Equals 11000000 10101000 10101010 00000000 192 168 170 0 As a shorter alternative to dotted decimal notation the netmask may also be expressed in terms of the number of ones from the left This number is appended to the IP address following a backward slash as n In the example the address could be written as 192 168 170 237 24 indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros Subnet Addressing By looking at the addressing structures you can see that even with a Class C address there are a large number of hosts per network Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing B 4 Network Routing Firewall and Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814
64. b and FTP server configure the Ports menu to forward HTTP port 80 and FTP port 21 to local address 192 168 0 33 In order for a remote user to access this server from the Internet the remote user must know the IP address that has been assigned by your ISP If this address is 172 16 1 23 for example an Internet user can access your Web server by directing the browser to http 172 16 1 23 The assigned IP address can be found in the Maintenance Status Menu where it is shown as the WAN IP Address Some considerations for this application are e If your account s IP address is assigned dynamically by your ISP the IP address may change periodically as the DHCP lease expires e Ifthe IP address of the local PC is assigned by DHCP it may change when the PC is rebooted To avoid this you can manually configure the PC to use a fixed address e Local PCs must access the local server using the PCs local LAN address 192 168 0 33 in this example Attempts by local PCs to access the server using the external IP address 172 16 1 23 in this example will fail Multiple Computers for Half Life KALI or Quake III Example To set up an additional computer to play Half Life KALI or Quake III 1 Click the button of an unused port in the table 2 Select the game again from the Services Games list 3 Change the beginning port number in the Start Port box For these games use the supplied number in the default listing and add 1 for each ad
65. band modem The method used by the firewall to accomplish this is called Network Address Translation NAT or IP masquerading Are Login Protocols Used Some ISPs require a special login protocol in which you must enter a login name and password in order to access the Internet If you normally log in to your Internet account by running a program such as WinPOET or EnterNet then your account uses PPP over Ethernet PPPoE When you configure your router you will need to enter your login name and password in the router s configuration menus After your network and firewall are configured the firewall will perform the login task when needed and you will no longer need to run the login program from your PC It is not necessary to uninstall the login program What Is Your Configuration Information More and more ISPs are dynamically assigning configuration information However if your ISP does not dynamically assign configuration information but instead used fixed configurations your ISP should have given you the following basic information for your account C 20 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e An IP address and subnet mask e A gateway IP address which is the address of the ISP s router e One or more domain name server DNS IP addresses e Host name and domain suffix For example your account s full server names may look like this mail xxx yyy com In
66. browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape are required iil 202 10039 01 202 10039 01 Contents Chapter 1 About This Manual Audience Scope Conventions and Formats cccscccccessssceeeeeescneeeeeessneeeeeeeesneeeeeeeea 1 1 Pe Te Use This Manwal sirenas aaa aa E aiiai 1 2 How DFi mS MANTA nannaa o o o AEE 1 3 Chapter 2 Introduction Key Features of the ROULET scciscccsiciscnmeetocesoieenycdcnoaeetsca EEO R 2 1 802 11b Standards based Wireless Networking cccccccesceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeess 2 2 A Powerful True Firewall with Content Filtering ccccceceecsseeceeeeessneeeeeeeesneeeeeeees 2 2 SECUN pdiini tse wanted sate taedeccally N neat ene R ataae 2 3 Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink 02 eeeceeceeeeeseeeeeteeeeeeneees 2 3 Extensive Froiocol SUPROT dcssin ERAS 2 3 Easy Installation and Management sssinssnarsrssnn a 2 4 Mamonrance ma SUROT daoia aR Ea aaao 2 5 Package COMENGE arrians a aa ead 2 5 The Foulbr S Fron Panel szenisamisiismis asn a a a uaaiens 2 6 The roniors Rear Fanal saranno 2 7 A Road Map for How to Get There From Here siccccnsccisscisseeascerctssectecascemstoseadseersennenesnts 2 7 Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet Prepare to lata Your ROUT nassniasrrn i 3 1 First Connect the Router to the INSIST ccicccdetirisesctsniresccarturtsnsacacersresataniasesanticbaneedennens 3 1 Now Set Up a Computer for Wireless Connectivity ccccccceec
67. button before moving to another menu or tab or your changes are lost Click the Refresh or Reload button in the web browser The changes may have occurred but the web browser may be caching the old configuration Troubleshooting 8 3 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Troubleshooting the ISP Connection If your router is unable to access the Internet you should first determine whether the router is able to obtain a WAN IP address from the ISP Unless you have been assigned a static IP address your router must request an IP address from the ISP You can determine whether the request was successful using the web Configuration Manager To check the WAN IP address 1 Launch your browser and select an external site such as www netgear com 2 Access the Main Menu of the router s configuration at http www routerlogin net 3 Under the Maintenance heading select Router Status 4 Check that an IP address is shown for the WAN Port If 0 0 0 0 is shown your router has not obtained an IP address from your ISP If your router is unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP you may need to force your cable or DSL modem to recognize your new router by performing the following procedure 1 Turn off power to the cable or DSL modem 2 Turn off power to your router 3 Wait five minutes and reapply power to the cable or DSL modem 4 When the modem s lights indicate that it has reacquired
68. ce Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Routing Information Protocol One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is the Routing Information Protocol RIP Using RIP routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table The MR814 v3 router supports both the older RIP 1 and the newer RIP 2 protocols Among other improvements RIP 2 supports subnet and multicast protocols RIP is not required for most home applications IP Addresses and the Internet Because TCP IP networks are interconnected across the world every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the ANA or from an Internet service provider ISP You can contact IANA at www iana org The Internet Protocol IP uses a 32 bit address structure The address is usually written in dot notation also called dotted decimal notation in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form separated by decimal points For example the following binary address 11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111 is normally written as 195 34 12 7 The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer In addition th
69. ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 3 7 TRS RIS GOI UPE ana 3 8 Overview of How to Access the Rotter isiccsiccssescsvsscoerccdsnessssesavineteniauontncmesvaceesscaanagieds 3 9 How to Log On to the Router After Configuration Settings Have Been Applied cccccecsseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeaeeeeenees 3 10 How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant ccccceceeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeesaeeseeneeees 3 12 Contents v 202 10039 01 How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection S i 3 13 Using the Smart Setup Wizard NETGEAR product registrati Chapter 4 Wireless Configuration ion pene and Penei E P TE o Observe Performance Placement and Range Guidelines c ccccssceeeesesteeeeeeeeee FO Implement Appropriate Wireless Security eeeseiieiieiieriesierreereereerrerresrrerrenresrenrerreereer AO Uodersianding PEN GEINS cpriioiiaccrieien eiiie o te Default Aa Advanced Wireless Settings simini Information to Gather Before Changing B Basic Wire How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Gannat s How to Configure WEP How to Configure WPA PSK Wireless S P teeta How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC hes sala beet E E A E he Chapter 5 Content Filtering Content Filtering Overview Blocking Access to Internet Site Blocking Access to Internet Services Configuring a User Defined Service ccsesssssevasssisssossaervicnasatiaesiarsarassiasvesnaesinies Configuring Serv
70. configure the router to E mail the log to you at specified intervals You can also configure the router to send immediate alert messages to your E mail address or E mail pager whenever a significant event occurs With its content filtering feature the MR814 v3 prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs The router allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses You can configure the router to log and report attempts to access objectionable Internet sites 2 2 Introduction 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Security The MR814 v3 router is equipped with several features designed to maintain security as described in this section e PCs Hidden by NAT NAT opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests originating from the local network Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN e Port Forwarding with NAT Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the PCs on the LAN the router allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific PCs based on the service port number of the incoming request or to one designated DMZ host computer You can specify forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink With its internal 8 port 10 100 switch the MR814 v3 can c
71. connectivity you can enable security settings appropriate to your needs 1 Log in to the MR814 v3 firewall at http www routerlogin net with its default user name of admin and default password of password or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up 2 Click Wireless Settings in the main menu of the MR814 v3 firewall Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Region United States i Channel 11 Security Options Disable O WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy O WPA PSK Wi Fi Protected Access Pre Shared Key Figure 4 4 Wireless Settings menu 4 8 Wireless Configuration 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 3 Choose a suitable descriptive name for the wireless network name SSID In the SSID box enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters The default SSID is NETGEAR Note The SSID is case sensitive NETGEAR is not the same as nETgear Also the SSID of any wireless access adapters must match the SSID you configure in the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router If they do not match you will not get a wireless connection to the MR814 v3 4 Set the Region Select the region in which the wireless interface will operate 5 Set the Channel The default channel is 11 This field determines which operating frequency will be used It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another
72. curely plugged in e The Internet status light on the router will be lit if the Ethernet cable to the router from the modem is plugged in securely and the modem and router are turned on e For each powered on computer connected to the router with a securely plugged in Ethernet cable the corresponding router LAN port status light will be lit The label on the bottom of the router identifies the number of each LAN port Make sure the wireless settings in the computer and router match exactly The Wireless Network Name SSID and WEP settings of the router and wireless computer must match exactly Make sure the network settings of the computer are correct e LAN and wirelessly connected computers must be configured to obtain an IP address automatically via DHCP Please see Appendix C Preparing Your Network or the animated tutorials on the CD for help with this e Some cable modem ISPs require you to use the MAC address of the computer registered on the account If so in the Router MAC Address section of the Basic Settings menu select Use this Computer s MAC Address The router will then capture and use the MAC address of the computer that you are now using You must be using the computer that is registered with the ISP Click Apply to save your settings Restart the network in the correct sequence Check the router status lights to verify correct router operation e Ifthe Power light does not turn solid green within 2 minute
73. d Block sites containing these keywords or domain names discodanny Delete Keyword Clear List Allow Trusted IP Address To Visit Blocked Sites Trusted IP Address 0 J0 0 jo Figure 5 1 Block Sites menu To enable keyword blocking select either Per Schedule or Always then click Apply If you want to block by schedule be sure that a time period is specified in the Schedule menu To add a keyword or domain type it in the Keyword box click Add Keyword then click Apply To delete a keyword or domain select it from the list click Delete Keyword then click Apply Keyword application examples e Ifthe keyword XXX is specified the URL lt http www badstuff com xxx html gt is blocked 5 2 Content Filtering 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e Ifthe keyword com is specified only Web sites with other domain suffixes such as edu or gov can be viewed e If you wish to block all Internet browsing access during a scheduled period enter the keyword and set the schedule in the Schedule menu To specify a Trusted User enter that PC s IP address in the Trusted User box and click Apply You may specify one Trusted User which is a PC that will be exempt from blocking and logging Since the Trusted User will be identified by an IP address you should configure that PC with a fixed IP address Blocking Access to Internet Services The
74. d Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11b standard for wireless LANs WLANs On an 802 11b wireless link data is encoded using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz The maximum data rate for the wireless link is 11 Mbps but it will automatically back down from 11 Mbps to 5 5 2 and 1 Mbps when the radio signal is weak or when interference is detected The 802 11b standard is also called Wireless Ethernet or Wi Fi by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see hitp www wi fi net an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802 11b devices The 802 11b standard offers two methods for configuring a wireless network ad hoc and infrastructure Infrastructure Mode With a wireless Access Point you can operate the wireless LAN in the infrastructure mode This mode provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage interacting with wireless nodes via an antenna In the infrastructure mode the wireless access point converts airwave data into wired Ethernet data acting as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients Connecting multiple Access Points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further extend the wireless network coverage As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point it moves into the range of another As a result wireless clients can freely roam from
75. d is not intended as a user authentication mechanism WPA user authentication is implemented using 802 1x and the Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP Support for 802 1x authentication is required in WPA In the 802 11 standard 802 1x authentication was optional For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 With 802 11 WEP all access points and client wireless adapters on a particular wireless LAN must use the same encryption key A major problem with the 802 11 standard is that the keys are cumbersome to change If you don t update the WEP keys often an unauthorized person with a sniffing tool can monitor your network for less than a day and decode the encrypted messages Products based on the 802 11 standard alone offer system administrators no effective method to update the keys For 802 11 WEP encryption is optional For WPA encryption using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP is required TKIP replaces WEP with a new encryption algorithm that is stronger than the WEP algorithm but that uses the calculation facilities present on existing wireless devices to perform encryption operations TKIP provides important data encryption enhancements including a per packet key mixing function a message integrity check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism Through these enhancements TKIP addresses all of known WEP vulnerabilities Wireless Networking Basics
76. d pair UTP cabling The UTP cable contains eight conductors arranged in four twisted pairs and terminated with an RJ45 type connector A normal straight through UTP Ethernet cable follows the E A568B standard wiring as described below in Table B 1 Network Routing Firewall and Basics B 11 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Table B 1 UTP Ethernet cable wiring straight through Pin Wire color Signal 1 Orange White Transmit Tx 2 Orange Transmit Tx 3 Green White Receive Rx 4 Blue 5 Blue White 6 Green Receive Rx 7 Brown White 8 Brown Category 5 Cable Quality Category 5 distributed cable that meets ANSI EIA TIA 568 A building wiring standards can be a maximum of 328 feet ft or 100 meters m in length divided as follows 20 ft 6 m between the hub and the patch panel if used 295 ft 90 m from the wiring closet to the wall outlet 10 ft 3 m from the wall outlet to the desktop device The patch panel and other connecting hardware must meet the requirements for 100 Mbps operation Category 5 Only 0 5 inch 1 5 cm of untwist in the wire pair is allowed at any termination point A twisted pair Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits second 1OBASE T will often tolerate low quality cables but at 100 Mbits second LOBASE Tx the cable must be rated as Category 5 or Cat 5 by the Electronic Industry Association EIA This
77. d to access the router s remote management Note For enhanced security restrict access to as few external IP addresses as practical a To allow access from any IP address on the Internet select Everyone 7 12 Advanced Configuration of the Router 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router b To allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet select IP address range Enter a beginning and ending IP address to define the allowed range c To allow access from a single IP address on the Internet select Only this PC Enter the IP address that will be allowed access 3 Specify the Port Number that will be used for accessing the management interface Web browser access normally uses the standard HTTP service port 80 For greater security change the remote management web interface to a custom port by entering that number in the box provided Choose a number between 1024 and 65535 but do not use the number of any common service port The default is 8080 which is a common alternate for HTTP 4 Click Apply to have your changes take effect Note When accessing your router from the Internet you will type your router s WAN IP address into your browser s Address in IE or Location in Netscape box followed by a colon and the custom port number For example if your external address is 134 177 0 123 and you use port number 8080 you must enter http 134 177 0 123 8080 in your browse
78. ditional computer For example if you ve already configured one computer to play Hexen II using port 26900 the second computer s port number would be 26901 and the third computer would be 26902 Advanced Configuration of the Router 7 3 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 4 Type the same port number in the End Port box that you typed in the Start Port box 5 Type the IP address of the additional computer in the Server IP Address box 6 Click Apply Some online games and videoconferencing applications are incompatible with NAT The MR814 v3 router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them but there are other applications that may not function well In some cases one local PC can run the application properly if that PC s IP address is entered as the default in the PORTS Menu If one local PC acts as a game or videoconferencing host enter its IP address as the default Configuring the WAN Setup Options The WAN Setup options let you configure a DMZ server change the MTU size and enable the router to respond to a Ping on the WAN port These options are discussed below Setting Up a Default DMZ Server The default DMZ server feature is helpful when using some online games and videoconferencing applications that are incompatible with NAT The router is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them but there
79. e 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts The first part of the address identifies the network and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application There are five standard classes of IP addresses These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern which is used by the TCP IP software to identify the address class After the address class has been determined the software can correctly identify the host section of the address The follow figure shows the three main address classes including network and host sections of the address for each address type B 2 Network Routing Firewall and Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Class A _6h hULtC LSS Network Node Class B Network Node Class C Network Node Figure B 1 Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are e Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16 777 214 hosts on a single network They use an eight bit network number and a 24 bit node number Class A addresses are in this range TeX exe TO 126 kek Xa e Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65 354 hosts on a network A Class B address uses a 16 bit
80. e 400 vendors that are part of the Universal Plug and Play Forum UPnP compliant routers provide broadband users at home and small businesses with a seamless way to participate in online games videoconferencing and other peer to peer services Unshielded twisted pair The cable used by 10BASE T and 1OOBASE Tx Ethernet networks See wide area network Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP is a data encryption protocol for 802 11b wireless networks All wireless nodes and access points on the network are configured with a 64 bit or 128 bit Shared Key for data encryption WAN A long distance link used to extend or connect remotely located local area networks The Internet is a large WAN WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows based computer names to IP addresses If a remote network contains a WINS server your Windows PCs can gather information from that WINS server about its local hosts This allows your PCs to browse that remote network using Network Neighborhood See Windows Internet Naming Service Glossary 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 4 Glossary 202 10039 01 Numerics 802 11b D 1 A Account Name 3 14 6 2 Address Resolution Protocol B 8 ad hoc mode D 2 Auto MDI MDI X B 15 Auto Uplink 2 3 B 15 backup configuration 6 6 Basic Wireless Connectivity 4 8 Basic Wireless Settings 4 12 BSSID D 2 Cabling B 11 Cat5 cable B 12
81. e lit If the Wireless light is not lit see Troubleshooting Tips on page 3 8 LAN A LAN light should be lit Green indicates your computer is communicating at 100 Mbps yellow indicates 10 Mbps If LAN light is not lit check that the Ethernet cable from the computer to the router is securely attached at both ends and that the computer is turned on 3 USE THE SMART WIZARD TO CONFIGURE THE ROUTER a From the Ethernet connected PC you just set up open a browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator 3 4 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router In its factory default state the router will automatically display the NETGEAR Smart Wizard configuration assistant welcome page NETGEAR allo Welcome You are connected to your NETGEAR router Next we will guide you through connecting to the Internet and enabling your wireless network Figure 3 5 NETGEAR Smart Wizard configuration assistant Note If you do not see this page clear the browser cache by going to the Internet Explorer Tools menu Internet Options and clicking Delete Files then selecting the Delete all offline files check box and clicking Ok If you still do not connect type hitp www routerlogin net in the browser address bar and click Enter Otherwise to bypass this screen see How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant on page 3 12 and the How to Manua
82. e not user configurable This encryption key will be used to encrypt decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface Some vendors refer to the 64 bit WEP data encryption as 40 bit WEP data encryption since the user configurable portion of the encryption key is 40 bits wide The 128 bit WEP data encryption method consists of 104 user configurable bits Similar to the forty bit WEP data encryption method the remaining 24 bits are factory set and not user configurable Some vendors allow passphrases to be entered instead of the cryptic hexadecimal characters to ease encryption key entry 128 bit encryption is stronger than 40 bit encryption but 128 bit encryption may not be available outside of the United States due to U S export regulations When configured for 40 bit encryption 802 11b products typically support up to four WEP Keys Each 40 bit WEP Key is expressed as 5 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 is a 40 bit WEP Key When configured for 128 bit encryption 802 11b products typically support four WEP Keys but some manufacturers support only one 128 bit key The 128 bit WEP Key is expressed as 13 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 AB CD EF 12 34 56 78 90 is a 128 bit WEP Key Note Typically 802 11b access points can store up to four 128 bit WEP Keys but some 802 11b client adapters can only store one Therefore make sure that your 802 11b
83. e simple Internet sharing routers a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and intrusions Since user level applications such as FTP and web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection states Using Stateful Packet Inspection an incoming packet is intercepted at the network layer and then analyzed for state related information associated with all network connections A central cache within the firewall keeps track of the state information associated with all network connections All traffic passing through the firewall is analyzed against the state of these connections in order to determine whether or not it will be allowed to pass through or rejected Denial of Service Attack A hacker may be able to prevent your network from operating or communicating by launching a Denial of Service DoS attack The method used for such an attack can be as simple as merely flooding your site with more requests than it can handle A more sophisticated attack may attempt to exploit some weakness in the operating system used by your router or gateway Some operating systems can be disrupted by simply sending a packet with incorrect length information Ethernet Cabling Although Ethernet networks originally used thick or thin coaxial cable most installations currently use unshielded twiste
84. ect the Ethernet cable from the computer Disconnect the cable at the computer end only point A in the diagram e Look at the label on the bottom of the router Locate the Internet port Securely insert the Ethernet cable from your modem cable 1 in the diagram below into the Internet port of the router as shown in point B of the diagram B Internet Internet 3 pe mo router modem Cable 1 Figure 3 2 Connect the router to the modem Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 2 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Note Place the MR814 v3 router in a location which conforms to the Observe Performance Placement and Range Guidelines on page 4 1 The stand provided with the router provides a convenient space saving way of installing the router Avoid stacking it on other electronic equipment f Securely insert the blue cable that came with your router cable 2 in the diagram below into a LAN port on the router such as LAN port 4 point C in the diagram and the other end into the Ethernet port of your computer point D in the diagram wo Ey YQ D Ie Blue NETGEAR Cable 31 O Of Internet U C router ee computer im pe Tij LAN Ports modem 4321 Figure 3 3 Connect the computer to the router Your network cables a
85. ed IP address In this case close the Control Panel and skip the rest of this section 2 Ifan IP address and subnet mask are shown write down the information 3 Ifan IP address appears under Router address write down the address This is the ISP s gateway address 4 Ifany Name Server addresses are shown write down the addresses These are your ISP s DNS addresses 5 If any information appears in the Search domains information box write it down 6 Change the Configure setting to Using DHCP Server 7 Close the TCP IP Control Panel C 22 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Restarting the Network Once you ve set up your computers to work with the firewall you must reset the network for the devices to be able to communicate correctly Restart any computer that is connected to the firewall After configuring all of your computers for TCP IP networking and restarting them and connecting them to the local network of your MR814 v3 router you are ready to access and configure the firewall Preparing Your Network C 23 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router C 24 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Appendix D Wireless Networking Basics This chapter provides an overview of Wireless networking Wireless Networking Overview The MR814 v3 router conforms to the Institute of Electrical an
86. ed text to the access point 4 The access point decrypts the encrypted text using its configured WEP Key that corresponds to the station s default key The access point compares the decrypted text with the original challenge text If the decrypted text matches the original challenge text then the access point and the station share the same WEP Key and the access point authenticates the station Wireless Networking Basics D 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 5 The station connects to the network If the decrypted text does not match the original challenge text i e the access point and station do not share the same WEP Key then the access point will refuse to authenticate the station and the station will be unable to communicate with either the 802 11b network or Ethernet network This process is illustrated in below 802 11b Authentication Shared Key Steps 1 Authentication gt Access Point request sent to AP H BFP Cable or DLS modem 1 ay A lt W 2 AP sends challenge text Client 3 Client encrypts attempting challenge text and gt to connect sends it back to AP Servers PC s 4 AP decrypts and if correct mM _ A authenticates client 5 Client connects to network gt Figure 8 2 802 11b shared key authentication Overview of WEP Parameters Before enabling WEP on an 802 11b netwo
87. ed to a determined snoop using specialized test equipment like wireless sniffers Understanding Wireless Settings This section identifies the default factory settings and introduces each wireless option Default Factory Settings When you first receive your MR814 v3 the default factory settings are shown below You can restore these defaults with the Factory Default Restore button on the rear panel After you install the MR814 v3 router use the procedures below to customize any of the settings to better meet your networking needs FEATURE DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS Wireless Access Point Enabled Wireless Access List MAC Filtering All wireless stations allowed SSID broadcast Enabled SSID NETGEAR 11b RF Channel 11 Authentication Type Automatic Wireless Security Options Disabled Basic Wireless Settings To configure the wireless settings of your router click the Wireless link in the main menu of the browser interface The Wireless Settings menu will appear as shown below Wireless Configuration 4 3 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Region United States v Channel 11 v Security Options Disable O WEP Aired Equivalent Privacy O WPA PSK Wi Fi Protected Access Pre Shared Key Figure 4 2 Wireless Settings menu e Name SSID The SSID is also known as the wireless network name
88. eference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 802 11b Standards based Wireless Networking The MR814 v3 router includes an 802 11b compliant wireless access point providing continuous high speed 11 Mbps access between your wireless and Ethernet devices The access point provides 802 11b Standards based wireless networking at up to 11 Mbps 64 bit and 128 bit WEP encryption security WEP keys can be generated manually or by passphrase WPA PSK support Support for Wi Fi Protected Access WPA data encryption which provides strong data encryption and authentication based on a pre shared key Wireless access can be restricted by MAC address Wireless network name broadcast can be turned off so that only devices that have the network name SSID can connect A Powerful True Firewall with Content Filtering Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers the MR814 v3 is a true firewall using stateful packet inspection to defend against hacker attacks Its firewall features include Denial of Service DoS protection Automatically detects and thwarts DoS attacks such as Ping of Death SYN Flood LAND Attack and IP Spoofing Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off limits Logs security incidents The MR814 v3 will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic port scans attacks and administrator logins You can
89. efined H Filter IP by Only this IP 192 168 jo C IP address range 192 168 JO d to 192 168 0 Every IP Ok Cancel Figure 5 3 Add Services menu From the Service Type list select the application or service to be allowed or blocked The list already displays several common services but you are not limited to these choices To add any additional services or applications that do not already appear select User Defined Configuring a User Defined Service To define a service first you must determine which port number or range of numbers is used by the application The service numbers for many common protocols are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF and published in RFC1700 Assigned Numbers Service numbers for other applications are typically chosen from the range 1024 to 65535 by the authors of the application This information can usually be determined by contacting the publisher of the application or from user groups of newsgroups Enter the Starting Port and Ending Port numbers If the application uses a single port number enter that number in both boxes If you know that the application uses either TCP or UDP select the appropriate protocol If you are not sure select Both 5 4 Content Filtering 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Configuring Services Blocking by IP Address Range Under Filter Services For you can block the spec
90. eless Configuration 4 9 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router How to Configure WEP To configure WEP data encryption follow these steps gt Note If you use a wireless computer configure WEP settings you will be disconnected lt when you click on Apply You must then either configure your wireless adapter to match the router WEP settings or access the router from a wired computer to make any further changes 1 Log in to the MR814 v3 firewall at http www routerlogin net with its default user name of admin and default password of password or using whatever LAN address and password you have set up 2 Click Wireless Settings in the main menu of the MR814 v3 firewall From the Security Options menu select WEP The WEP options display Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Region United States Ne Channel 11 5 Security Options O Disable WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy O WPA PSK Wi Fi Protected Access Pre Shared Key Security Encryption WEP Authentication Type Automatic v Encryption Strength Disable Security Encryption WEP Key Passphrase Key 1 Key 2 gt Key 3 Key 4 Figure 4 5 Wireless Settings encryption menu 4 10 Wireless Configuration 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 4 Select the Authentication Type and Encryptions strength from
91. en as necessary to minimize the possibility of eavesdroppers having enough time to crack the key in current use D 14 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP WPA uses TKIP to provide important data encryption enhancements including a per packet key mixing function a message integrity check MIC named Michael an extended initialization vector IV with sequencing rules and a re keying mechanism TKIP also provides for the following e The verification of the security configuration after the encryption keys are determined e The synchronized changing of the unicast encryption key for each frame e The determination of a unique starting unicast encryption key for each preshared key authentication Michael With 802 11 and WEP data integrity is provided by a 32 bit integrity check value ICV that is appended to the 802 11 payload and encrypted with WEP Although the ICV is encrypted you can use cryptanalysis to change bits in the encrypted payload and update the encrypted ICV without being detected by the receiver With WPA a method known as Michael specifies a new algorithm that calculates an 8 byte message integrity code MIC using the calculation facilities available on existing wireless devices The MIC is placed between the data portion of the IEEE 802 11 frame and the 4 byte ICV The MIC field is encrypted together with the
92. enasi aa kaaa ae Using a Dynamic DNS Serie eriruriini Configuring Static Routes Enabling Remote Management ACCESS esseescceeeeseeeeeeeeeneeeteeeeeneeeneeeeeneees Using Universal Flog and Play UP MP scciciccisiscasitcncaseeitedonmsedlacnnntedavaumeanteamnenmbccaine Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Base PARA TONE cts tae dch ew iei a pen tan na lain a a Power Light Not On Never Turn oft Tiekie the Web b Configuration Interface Troubleshooting the ISP Connection PEE P e e E EE ATE Troubleshooting a TCP IP Network Using a Ping Utility A EE E EA E Testing the LAN Path to Your Router A A gt en Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Fae Bados ET T E o Restoring the Default Configuration and Password s esssissusiesrinesisusisinesensiriiresenr OT Problems wiih Date and TINE sioria Ea a a G Contents vii 202 10039 01 Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Network Routing Firewall and Basics Pe leted Fuba TiS ap a tien iat Mena aaNel Basic Router Concepts What is a Router oo cceceeeeseeeees Routing Information ae e E E Lie IP Addresses and the Internet Netmask E TT Subnet iieiea Private IP Addresses 33 AE E A E E T A E canvass Single IP Address ioh sui NAT E E E E E T E d MAC Addresses and Address Resdutiin Pintosal AEEA E EA TT B 8 Related Documents aeaiiai anaiai ani aa a aaa iai aiaiai EBS Domain Name Server E E E E E E EEA E E EA
93. er DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP 2000 or NT4 You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP Locate your Network Neighborhood icon e Select Control Panel from the Windows XP new Start Menu e Select the Network Connections icon on the Control Panel This will take you to the next step NE Local Area Conneq Network Tasks Disable fa Create a new connection Repair amp Disable this network device Bridge Connections Q Repair this connection fai Rename this connection Greets shore e Now the Network Connection window View status of this 3 connection enone displays Change settings of this Properties connection The Connections List that shows all the network connections set up on the PC located to the right of the window Details Other Places e Right click on the Connection you will use and choose Status C 10 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window This box displays the connection status duration speed and activity statistics e Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window e
94. erpr fen Certificate of the Manufacturer Importer It is hereby certified that the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT AmtsblVfg 243 1991 and Vfg 46 1992 The operation of some equipment for example test transmitters in accordance with the regulations may however be subject to certain restrictions Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations Voluntary Control Council for Interference VCCI Statement This equipment is in the second category information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas When used near a radio or TV receiver it may become the cause of radio interference Read instructions for correct handling Customer Support Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router World Wide Web NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator URL http www netgear com A direct connection to the Internet and a Web
95. es of network resources to IP addresses When a computer accesses a resource by its descriptive name it first contacts a DNS server to obtain the IP address of the resource The computer sends the desired message using the IP address Many large organizations such as ISPs maintain their own DNS servers and allow their customers to use the servers to look up addresses Network Routing Firewall and Basics B 9 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP based local area network is installed each computer must be configured with an IP address If the computers need to access the Internet they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addresses As an alternative to manual configuration there is a method by which each computer on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information A device on the network may act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server The DHCP server stores a list or pool of IP addresses along with other information such as gateway and DNS addresses that it may assign to the other devices on the network The MR814 v3 router has the capacity to act as a DHCP server The MR814 v3 router also functions as a DHCP client when connecting to the ISP The firewall can automatically obtain an IP address subnet mask DNS server addresses and a gateway address if the ISP provides this infor
96. ess devices support the passphrase method e Manual method These values are not case sensitive For 64 bit WEP enter 10 hex digits any combination of 0 9 or a f For 128 bit WEP enter 26 hex digits Key 1 Key 2 Key 3 Key 4 Note Key values and key identities for example Key 1 Key 2 etc must match on all wireless devices However not all wireless configuration utilities identify the keys in the same way For example Windows XP Key 0 corresponds to Key 1 in most other products Wireless Configuration 4 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router If WPA PSK Authentication is Used Passphrase These characters are case sensitive Enter a word or group of printable characters When you use WPA PSK the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to WPA PSK as well and are configured with the correct Passphrase Use the procedures described in the following sections to configure the MR814 v3 Store this information in a safe place How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity Note If you use a wireless computer to configure WPA settings you will be disconnected when you click Apply Reconfigure your wireless adapter to match the new settings or access the router from a wired computer to make any further changes gt Follow the instructions below to set up and test basic wireless connectivity Once you have established basic wireless
97. etwork TCP IP Properties Bindings Advanced Netpios DNS Configuration Gateway WINS Configuration IP Address An IP address can be automatically assigned to this computer If your network does not automatically assign IP addresses ask your network administrator for an address and then type itin the space below Cancel Selecting Windows Internet Access Method 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Internet Options icon 3 Select I want to set up my Internet connection manually or I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next 4 Select I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next 5 Uncheck all boxes in the LAN Internet Configuration screen and click Next 6 Proceed to the end of the Wizard Verifying TCP IP Properties After your PC is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration using the utility winipcfg exe 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run C 8 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Type winipefg and then click OK The IP Configuration window opens which lists among other things your IP address subnet mask and default gateway From the drop down box select your Ethernet adapter The window is updated
98. f you want the router to respond to a ping from the Internet click the Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port check box This should only be used as a diagnostic tool since it allows your router to be discovered Don t check this box unless you have a specific reason to do so Setting the MTU Size The default MTU size is usually fine The normal MTU Maximum Transmit Unit value for most Ethernet networks is 1500 Bytes For some ISPs particularly some using PPPoE you may need to reduce the MTU This should not be done unless you are sure it is necessary by your ISP Any packets sent through the router that are larger than the configured MTU size will be repackaged into smaller packets to meet the MTU requirement To change the MTU size 1 Under MTU Size enter a new size between 64 and 1500 2 Click Apply to save the new configuration Advanced Configuration of the Router 7 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Using the LAN IP Setup Options The second feature category under the Advanced heading is LAN IP Setup This menu allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and RIP From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced click on LAN IP Setup to view the LAN IP Setup menu shown below LAN IP Setup LAN TCPAP Setup IP Address 192 168 o Ih IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 fo RIP Direction Both w RIP Version RIP 1 J Use Router As DHCP Server
99. figure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Install or Verify Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon C 4 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The Network window opens which displays a list of installed components Network x Configuration Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR FAS10TX Fast Ethernet PCI Adapter TCP IP Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks be File and Print Sharing Description You must have an Ethernet adapter the TCP IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks Note It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter TCP IP or Client for Microsoft Networks gt If you need to install a new adapter follow these steps a Click the Add button b Select Adapter and then click Add c Select the manufacturer and model of your Ethernet adapter and then click OK If you need TCP IP a Click the Add button b Select Protocol a
100. g Primary DNS Server IP Address Secondary DNS Server IP Address Host and Domain Names Some ISPs use a specific host or domain name like CCA7324 A or home If you haven t been given host or domain names you can use the following examples as a guide e If your main e mail account with your ISP is aaa yyy com then use aaa as your host name Your ISP might call this your account user host computer or system name e If your ISP s mail server is mail xxx yyy com then use xxx yyy com as the domain name ISP Host Name ISP Domain Name For Wireless Access See the configuration worksheet at Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings on page 4 7 Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking Computers access the Internet using a protocol called TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Each computer on your network must have TCP IP installed and selected as its networking protocol If a Network Interface Card NIC is already installed in your PC then TCP IP is probably already installed as well Preparing Your Network C 3 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Most operating systems include the software components you need for networking with TCP IP e Windows 95 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network e Windows 3 1 does not include a TCP IP component You need to purchase a third
101. g to upgrade an 802 1x compliant access point As a result you can update the EAP authentication type to such devices as token cards Smart Cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication or as newer types become available and your requirements for security change WPA Data Encryption Key Management With 802 1x the rekeying of unicast encryption keys is optional Additionally 802 11 and 802 1x provide no mechanism to change the global encryption key used for multicast and broadcast traffic With WPA rekeying of both unicast and global encryption keys is required For the unicast encryption key the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP changes the key for every frame and the change is synchronized between the wireless client and the wireless access point AP For the global encryption key WPA includes a facility the Information Element for the wireless AP to advertise the changed key to the connected wireless clients If configured to implement dynamic key exchange the 802 1x authentication server can return session keys to the access point along with the accept message The access point uses the session keys to build sign and encrypt an EAP key message that is sent to the client immediately after sending the success message The client can then use contents of the key message to define applicable encryption keys In typical 802 1x implementations the client can automatically change encryption keys as oft
102. h information a block of data and a checksum See Point to Point Protocol PPPoE PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection Point to Point Tunneling Protocol A method for establishing a virtual private network VPN by embedding Microsoft s network protocol into Internet packets Glossary 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Point to Point Protocol RFC RIP router Routing Information Protocol subnet mask UPnP Universal Plug and Play UTP WAN WEP wide area network Windows Internet Naming Service WINS PPP A protocol allowing a computer using TCP IP to connect directly to the Internet Request For Comment Refers to documents published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF proposing standard protocols and procedures for the Internet RFCs can be found at www ietf org See Routing Information Protocol A device that forwards data between networks An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses A protocol in which routers periodically exchange information with one another so that they can determine minimum distance paths between sources and destinations See netmask See Universal Plug and Play UPnP A networking architecture that provides compatibility among networking equipment software and peripherals of th
103. he MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Key 1 RJ 45 plug 2 Category 5 UTP patch cable Figure B 6 Category 5 UTP Cable with Male RJ 45 Plug at Each End Note Flat silver satin telephone cable may have the same RJ 45 plug However using telephone cable results in excessive collisions causing the attached port to be partitioned or disconnected from the network Uplink Switches Crossover Cables and MDI MDIX Switching In the wiring table above the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the computer which is wired as Media Dependant Interface MDI In this wiring the computer transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 This wiring is referred to as Media Dependant Interface Crossover MDI X When connecting a computer to a computer or a hub port to another hub port the transmit pair must be exchanged with the receive pair This exchange is done by one of two mechanisms Most hubs provide an Uplink switch which will exchange the pairs on one port allowing that port to be connected to another hub using a normal Ethernet cable The second method is to use a crossover cable which is a special cable in which the transmit and receive pairs are exchanged at one of the two cable connectors Crossover cables are often unmarked as such and must be identified by comparing the two connectors Since the cable connectors are clear plastic it is easy t
104. hen set to Both or In Only it will incorporate the RIP information that it receives When set to None it will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received e RIP Version This controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the router sends It recognizes both formats when receiving By default this is set for RIP 1 RIP 1 is universally supported RIP 1 is probably adequate for most networks unless you have an unusual network setup RIP 2 carries more information RIP 2B uses subnet broadcasting Note If you change the LAN IP address of the router while connected through the browser you will be disconnected You must then open a new connection to the new IP address and log in again Advanced Configuration of the Router 7 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Using the Router as a DHCP server By default the router will function as a DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server allowing it to assign IP DNS server and default gateway addresses to all computers connected to the router s LAN The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the router IP addresses will be assigned to the attached PCs from a pool of addresses specified in this menu Each pool address is tested before it is assigned to avoid duplicate addresses on the LAN For most applications the default DHCP and TCP IP settings of the route
105. his Manual 202 10039 01 Chapter 2 Introduction This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Key Features of the Router The MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router with 4 port switch connects your local area network LAN to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem The MR814 v3 router provides you with multiple Web content filtering options plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts both via e mail Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time of day Web site addresses and address keywords and share high speed cable DSL Internet access for up to 253 personal computers In addition to the Network Address Translation NAT feature the built in firewall protects you from hackers With minimum setup you can install and use the router within minutes The MR814 v3 router provides the following features e 802 11b Standards based wireless networking e WPA PSK wireless security e Easy web based Smart Wizard configuration assistant e Content Filtering and Site Blocking Security e Built in 4 port 10 100 Mbps Switch e Ethernet connection to a wide area network WAN device such as a cable modem or DSL modem e Extensive Protocol Support e Login capability e Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity e Flash memory for firmware upgrade Introduction 2 1 202 10039 01 R
106. hould see a message like this one Pinging lt IP address gt with 32 bytes of data If the path is working you see this message Reply from lt IP address gt bytes 32 time NN ms TTL xxx If the path is not working you see this message Request timed out If the path is not functioning correctly you could have one of the following problems e Wrong physical connections Make sure the LAN port LED is on If the LED is off follow the instructions in LAN or WAN Port Lights Not On on page 8 2 Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and for the hub ports if any that are connected to your workstation and router e Wrong network configuration Verify that the Ethernet card driver software and TCP IP software are both installed and configured on your computer or workstation Verify that the IP address for your router and your workstation are correct and that the addresses are on the same subnet Testing the Path from Your Computer to a Remote Device After verifying that the LAN path works correctly test the path from your computer to a remote device From the Windows run menu type PING n 10 lt IP address gt where lt P address gt is the IP address of a remote device such as your ISP s DNS server If the path is functioning correctly replies as in the previous section are displayed If you do not receive replies Check that your computer has the IP address of yo
107. ice or game that you will host on your network If the service does not appear in the list refer to the following section Adding a Custom Service 2 Enter the IP address of the local server in the corresponding Server IP Address box 3 Click the Add button Adding a Custom Service To define a service game or application that does not appear in the Services amp Games list you must determine what port numbers are used by the service For this information you may need to contact the manufacturer of the program that you wish to use When you have the port number information follow these steps 1 Click the Add Custom Service button 2 Enter the first port number in an unused Start Port box 3 To forward only one port enter it again in the End Port box To specify a range of ports enter the last port to be forwarded in the End Port box 4 Enter the IP address of the local server in the corresponding Server IP Address box 5 Type a name for the service 6 Click Apply at the bottom of the menu 7 2 Advanced Configuration of the Router 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Editing or Deleting a Port Forwarding Entry To edit or delete a Port Forwarding entry follow these steps 1 In the table select the button next to the service name 2 Click Edit or Delete Local Web and FTP Server Example If a local PC with a private IP address of 192 168 0 33 acts as a We
108. ices Blocking by IP Address Range Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web A Access Configuring E Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications Peete Teer eee een rere tre i Chapter 6 Maintenance Vieving Router Status IMormalign siisii a Viewing a List of Attached Devices c ccccccsscccsscessceeeccsseccsecsaseceseecseeessecssesessaeesaeeeses D Configuration File SRA ENIEH x Restoring and Backing Erasing the Co Upgrading the Router St on Changing the Administrator Password vi Contents 202 10039 01 Chapter 7 Advanced Configuration of the Router Configuring for Port Forwarding to Local Servers c cccsecceseeesseseeeeeeseeseteteeeestteneee Dod Adding a Custom Service ee PEE E E A mans A A ncaa E Editing or Deleting a Port Forsrardiiig Enty uau e E t Local Web and FTP Server Example a A 3 Multiple Computers for Half Life KALI or rOue il Exampl sath et A A S Configuring th WAN Setup OpUonS xicsicciaccccsseicasoccascsiaacccdewesseceinmsceceennesecatsbatatiesncancees E Setting Up a Default DMZ Server c0 PEO AA AET A S N l Respond to Ping on Internet WAN POW sunsirsinsnrernaionsninicnnc a le Setting the MTU Size aE eet TE A A E IE E EES A E a e Using the LAN IP Setup Options eters ree Configuring LAN TCP IP Setup Paaa E E E E Using the Router as a DHCP server 78 Umg Address Reser NON viisiin i
109. ified service for a single PC a range of PCs having consecutive IP addresses or all PCs on your network Scheduling When Blocking Will Be Enforced The MR814 v3 router allows you to specify when blocking will be enforced The Schedule menu is shown below Schedule Days To Block M Every day F Sunday IF Monday I Tuesday IV Wednesday I Thursday IM Friday I Saturday Time Of Day To Block use 24 hour clock M All Day Start Blocking Hour Min End Blocking D Hour f0 Min Cancel Figure 5 4 Schedule menu e Use this schedule for blocking content Check this box if you wish to enable a schedule for Content Filtering Click Apply e Days to Block Select days to block by checking the appropriate boxes Select Everyday to check the boxes for all days Click Apply e Time of Day to Block Select a start and end time in 23 59 format Select All day for 24 hour blocking Click Apply Be sure to select your Time Zone in the E Mail menu Content Filtering 5 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Viewing Logs of Web Access or Attempted Web Access The log is a detailed record of what Web sites you have accessed or attempted to access Up to 128 entries are stored in the log Log entries will only appear when keyword blocking is enabled and no log entries will be made for the Trusted User An example is shown below a ts 1 ES 2 Ss 3 s A 4 ES 5 S5 6
110. igh shelf where the wirelessly connected PCs have line of sight access even if through walls e Away from sources of interference such as PCs microwaves and 2 4 GHz cordless phones e Away from large metal surfaces The time it takes to establish a wireless connection can vary depending on both your security settings and placement WEP connections can take slightly longer to establish Also WEP encryption can consume more battery power on a notebook PC Wireless Configuration 4 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Implement Appropriate Wireless Security Note Indoors computers can connect over 802 11 wireless networks at ranges of up to 300 feet Such distances can allow for others outside of your immediate area to access your network gt Unlike wired network data your wireless data transmissions can be received well beyond your walls by anyone with a compatible adapter For this reason use the security features of your wireless equipment The MR814 v3 router provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in this chapter Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs Wireless Data Security Options wane Range up to 300 foot radius A Er 1 Open system easy but no security MR814 v3 y 2 MAC access list no data security 3 WEP security but some performance impact 4 WPA PSK very strong security Figure
111. including IP gateway and domain name server DNS addresses to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on your local network DNS Proxy When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified the router provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached PCs The router obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN PPP over Ethernet PPPoE PPPoE is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL connection by simulating a dial up connection This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as Entersys or WinPOET on your PC Easy Installation and Management You can install configure and operate the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router within minutes after connecting it to the network The following features simplify installation and management tasks Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant A user friendly Smart Wizard configuration assistant that automatically connects you to the router detects the type of Internet connection you have and guides you through enabling your wireless network Browser based management Browser based configuration allows you to easily configure your router from almost any type of personal computer such as Windows Macintosh or Linux A user friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the b
112. int button E on the upper right of the toolbar to print the currently displayed topic Use this button when a step by step procedure is displayed to send the entire procedure to your printer You do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages Printing a Chapter Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page Click PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to print The PDF version of the chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window Note Your computer must have the free Adobe Acrobat reader installed in order to view and print PDF files The Acrobat reader is available on the Adobe web site at http www adobe com Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper and printer ink by selecting this feature Printing the Full Manual Use the PDF button in the toolbar at the top right of the browser window Click the PDF button on the upper right of the toolbar The PDF version of the chapter you were viewing opens in a browser window Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper and printer ink by selecting this feature About This Manual 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 4 About T
113. ion to identify your computer on the network You may change the name for this computer and the workgroup or domain that it will appear in Computer Name DOCBERT NT Workgroup MEDIA Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e Highlight the TCP IP Protocol in the Network Protocols box and click on the Properties button Network 2 x Identification Services Protocols Adapters Bindings Network Protocols FTCPAP Protocol Add Description Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e The TCP IP Properties dialog box now displays e Click the IP Address tab e Select the radio button marked Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server e Click OK This completes the configuration of TCP IP in Windows NT Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Microsoft TCP IP Properties IP Address DNS WINS Address Routing An IP address can be automatically assigned to this network card by a DHCP server If your network does not have a DHCP server ask your network administrator for an address and then type it in the space below Adapter Obtain an IP address from a DHCP server Specify an IP address Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windo
114. is button to email the log immediately Configuring E Mail Alert and Web Access Log Notifications In order to receive logs and alerts by E mail you must provide your E mail information in the E Mail menu shown below E mail M Turn E mail Notification On Send Alert And Logs Via E mail Your Outgoing Mail Server mail myisp com Send To This E mail Address jsmith myisp com I Send Alert Immediately When Someone Attempts To Visit Blocked Site Send Logs According To This Schedule When Log is Full x oungda v 12 01 z C AM CPM Time Zone GMT 08 00 Pacific Time US amp Canada Tijuana I Adjust for Daylight Savings Time Current Time 10 14 38 Fri Cancel Figure 5 6 Email menu Content Filtering 202 10039 01 5 7 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Turn e mail notification on Check this box if you wish to receive e mail logs and alerts from the router Your outgoing mail server Enter the name of your ISP s outgoing SMTP mail server such as mail myISP com You may be able to find this information in the configuration menu of your e mail program If you leave this box blank log and alert messages will not be sent via e mail Send to this e mail address Enter the e mail address to which logs and alerts are sent This e mail address will also be used as the From address If you leave this box blank log and alert messages will not be sent
115. ivate if you want to limit access to the LAN only The static route will not be reported in RIP Select Active to make this route effective Type the Destination IP Address of the final destination Type the IP Subnet Mask for this destination If the destination is a single host type 255 255 255 255 Type the Gateway IP Address which must be a router on the same LAN segment as the router Type a number between 1 and 15 as the Metric value This represents the number of routers between your network and the destination Usually a setting of 2 or 3 works but if this is a direct connection set it to 1 Click Apply to have the static route entered into the table As an example of when a static route is needed consider the following case e Your primary Internet access is through a cable modem to an ISP e You have an ISDN router on your home network for connecting to the company where you are employed This router s address on your LAN is 192 168 0 100 e Your company s network is 134 177 0 0 Advanced Configuration of the Router 7 11 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router When you first configured your router two implicit static routes were created A default route was created with your ISP as the gateway and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192 168 0 x addresses With this configuration if you attempt to access a device on the 134 177 0 0 network
116. k until authentication completes 802 1X EAPOL Key packets are used by WPA to distribute per session keys to those stations successfully authenticated The supplicant in the station uses the authentication and cipher suite information contained in the information elements to decide which authentication method and cipher suite to use For example if the access point is using the Pre shared key method then the supplicant need not authenticate using full blown 802 1X Rather the supplicant must simply prove to the access point that it is in possession of the pre shared key If the supplicant detects that the service set does not contain a WPA information element then it knows it must use pre WPA 802 1X authentication and key management in order to access the network e Key management WPA features a robust key generation management system that integrates the authentication and data privacy functions Keys are generated after successful authentication and through a subsequent 4 way handshake between the station and Access Point AP e Data Privacy Encryption Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP is used to wrap WEP in sophisticated cryptographic and security techniques to overcome most of its weaknesses e Data integrity TKIP includes a message integrity code MIC at the end of each plaintext message to ensure messages are not being spoofed Wireless Networking Basics D 11 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireles
117. l factory settings After an erase the router s password will be password the LAN IP address will be 192 168 0 1 and the router s DHCP client will be enabled To erase the configuration click the Erase button To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the login password or IP address you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router See Restoring the Default Configuration and Password on page 8 7 Upgrading the Router Software Note Before upgrading the router software use the router backup utility to save your J configuration settings Any router upgrade will revert the router settings back to the factory defaults After completing the upgrade you can restore your settings from the backup The routing software of the MR814 v3 router is stored in FLASH memory and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR Upgrade files can be downloaded from Netgear s Web site If the upgrade file is compressed ZIP file you must first extract the binary BIN file before sending it to the router The upgrade file can be sent to the router using your browser Note The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the MR814 v3 router must support HTTP uploads NETGEAR recommends using Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator 3 0 or above Maintenance 6 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router From the Main
118. lly Configure Your Internet Connection on page 3 13 topics in this chapter If you cannot connect to the router verify your computer networking setup It should be set to obtain both IP and DNS server addresses automatically which is usually so For help with this see Appendix C Preparing Your Network or the animated tutorials on the CD b Click OK Follow the prompts to proceed with the Smart Wizard configuration assistant to connect to the Internet Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router c Follow the instructions on the screen to enable the wireless feature ca i a Enable Your Wireless Network You have a wired connection to the intemet Now we will enable your wireless network Select the region where you are located United States Enter your Wireless Network Name 910 NETGEAR You can hange the detauit Wiretess Network Name SSID or lone Aas NETGEAR This setting is case sensitve NETgear is not he same as NETGEAR Ba suro to record the Wirviess Network Name 551D You will need it istor set up he wireless connection between fe router and your wireless Computer important Inploment wireless security optons appropriate to your needs These somnos enable basic wireless connectuty at you can use to set up your wireless computers and test wireless nemet access trough the router The NETGEAR wireless router provides ma
119. log you in a Select you Internet service provider from the drop down list Basic Settings Does Your Internet Connection Require A Login Yes Internet Service Provider Telstra Bigpond v Other AOL Austria PPTP Telstra Bigpond AOL Cable Figure 3 11 Basic Settings ISP list Note Not all ISPs are listed here The ones on this list have special requirements b The screen will change according to the ISP settings requirements of the ISP you select c Fill in the parameters for your Internet service provider d Click Apply to save your settings Click the Test button to verify you have Internet access Using the Smart Setup Wizard You can use the Smart Setup Wizard to assist with manual configuration or to verify the Internet connection The Smart Setup Wizard is not the same as the Smart Wizard configuration assistant as illustrated in Figure 3 5 that only appears when the router is in its factory default state After you configure the router the Smart Wizard configuration assistant will not appear again To use the Smart Setup Wizard to assist with manual configuration or to verify the Internet connection settings follow this procedure 1 Connect to the router by typing http www routerlogin net in the address field of your browser then click Enter Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 15 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 2 For security reasons the
120. matches the access point SSID Alternatively the device can use the ANY SSID option to associate with any available Access Point within range regardless of its SSID D 4 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e Shared Key Authentication requires that the station and the access point have the same WEP Key to authenticate These two authentication procedures are described below Open System Authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Open System Authentication 1 The station sends an authentication request to the access point 2 The access point authenticates the station 3 The station associates with the access point and joins the network This process is illustrated in below 802 11b Authentication Open System Steps 1 Authentication request sent to AP Aca ss Point SAS 2 AP authenticates mM _ See H BF Z 3 Client connects to network Be gt Client attempting to connect Servers PC s Figure 8 1 802 11b open system authentication Shared Key Authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Shared Key Authentication 1 The station sends an authentication request to the access point 2 The access point sends challenge text to the station 3 The station uses its configured 64 bit or 128 bit default key to encrypt the challenge text and sends the encrypt
121. mation by DHCP Internet Security and Firewalls When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your network A NAT router provides some protection because by the very nature of the process the network behind the router is shielded from access by outsiders on the Internet However there are methods by which a determined hacker can possibly obtain information about your network or at the least can disrupt your Internet access A greater degree of protection is provided by a firewall router What is a Firewall A firewall is a device that protects one network from another while allowing communication between the two A firewall incorporates the functions of the NAT router while adding features for dealing with a hacker intrusion or attack Several known types of intrusion or attack can be recognized when they occur When an incident is detected the firewall can log details of the attempt and can optionally send E mail to an administrator notifying them of the incident Using information from the log the administrator can take action with the ISP of the hacker In some types of intrusions the firewall can fend off the hacker by discarding all further packets from the hacker s IP address for a period of time B 10 Network Routing Firewall and Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Stateful Packet Inspection Unlik
122. nd modem or if you configured it using instructions provided by your ISP you may need to copy the current configuration information for use in the configuration of your firewall Write down this information before reconfiguring your computers Refer to Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers on page C 21 or Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers on page C 22 for further information What You Need To Use a Router with a Broadband Modem You need to prepare these three things before you begin Cabling and Computer Hardware To use the MR814 v3 router on your network each computer must have an 802 11g or 802 11b wireless adapter or an installed Ethernet Network Interface Card NIC and an Ethernet cable If the computer will connect to your network using an Ethernet NIC at 100 Mbps you must use a Category 5 Cat 5 cable such as the one provided with your router For an explanation of Ethernet cabling see Ethernet Cabling on page B 11 The cable or DSL broadband modem must provide a standard 10 Mbps 10BASE T or 100 Mbps 100BASE Tx Ethernet interface Computer Network Configuration Requirements The MR814 v3 includes a built in web Configuration Manager To access the configuration menus on the MR814 v3 your must use a Java enabled web browser program which supports HTTP uploads such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator Use Internet Explorer or Ne
123. nd then click Add c Select Microsoft Preparing Your Network C 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router d Select TCP IP and then click OK If you need Client for Microsoft Networks a b c d Click the Add button Select Client and then click Add Select Microsoft Select Client for Microsoft Networks and then click OK 3 Restart your PC for the changes to take effect Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings in Windows 95B 98 and Me After the TCP IP protocol components are installed each PC must be assigned specific information about itself and resources that are available on its network The simplest way to configure this information is to allow the PC to obtain the information from a DHCP server in the network You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows C 6 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Locate your Network Neighborhood icon e If the Network Neighborhood icon is on the Windows desktop position your mouse pointer over it and right click your mouse button e If the icon is not on the desktop e Click Start on the task bar located at the bottom left of the window Choo
124. nearby wireless router or access point Select a channel that is not being used by any other wireless networks within several hundred feet of your firewall and at least 5 channel positions from the others in use For more information on the wireless channel frequencies please refer to Wireless Channels on page D 2 6 For initial configuration and test leave the Wireless Card Access List set to Everyone and the Encryption Strength set to Disabled 7 Click Apply to save your changes Note If you are configuring the firewall from a wireless computer and you change the ld firewall s SSID channel or security settings you will lose your wireless connection when you click on Apply You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the firewall s new settings 8 Configure and test your computers for wireless connectivity Program the wireless adapter of your computers to have the same SSID and channel that you configured in the router Check that they have a wireless link and are able to obtain an IP address by DHCP from the firewall Warning The Network Name SSID is case sensitive If NETGEAR is the Network Name SSID in your router you must enter NETGEAR in your computer s wireless settings Entering nETgear will not work Once your computers have basic wireless connectivity to the firewall then you can configure the advanced wireless security functions of the firewall Wir
125. network address For instance to partition a Class C network number 192 68 135 0 into two you shift one bit from the host address to the network address The new netmask or subnet mask is 255 255 255 128 The first subnet has network number 192 68 135 0 with hosts 192 68 135 1 to 129 68 135 126 and the second subnet has network number 192 68 135 128 with hosts 192 68 135 129 to 192 68 135 254 Note The number 192 68 135 127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address Ce J of the first subnet The number 192 68 135 128 is not assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet Network Routing Firewall and Basics B 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted decimal notation To use the table write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted decimal value of the additional subnet bits For example to partition your Class C network with subnet mask 255 255 255 0 into 16 subnets 4 bits the new subnet mask becomes 255 255 255 240 Table 8 1 Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet Number of Bits Dotted Decimal Value ON O oa A WwW N 128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255 The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted decimal and the masklength formats Table 8 2 Netmask Formats Dotted Decim
126. network number and a 16 bit node number Class B addresses are in this range T28 TeX TO LIDS K e Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node They are in this range 192 01 x TO 223 255 254 x e Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts messages sent to many hosts Class D addresses are in this range 224 0 0 0 to 239 255 255 255 e Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use Network Routing Firewall and Basics B 3 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network For each unique value of the network portion of the address the base address of the range host address of all zeros is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host Also the top address of the range host address of all ones is not assigned but is used as the broadcast address for simultaneously sending a packet to all hosts with the same network address Netmask In each of the address classes previously described the size of the two parts network address and host address is implied by the class This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address A netmask is a 32 bit quantity that when logically combined using an AND oper
127. ns LAN WAN Wireless Radio Data Rate Frequency Data Encoding 802 11b Operating Range Maximum Computers Per Wireless Network 802 11b Operating Frequency Ranges 802 11b Encryption VCCI Class B EN 55 022 CISPR 22 Class B 10BASE T or 1OOBASE Tx RJ 45 10BASE T RJ 45 1 2 5 5 11Mbps Auto Rate Sensing 2 4 2 5Ghz Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS Outdoor environment Indoor environment 11 Mbps 398 ft 120 m 198 ft 60 m 5 5 Mbps 561 ft 170 m 264 ft 80 m 2 Mbps 890 ft 270 m 430 ft 130 m 1 Mbps 1485 ft 450 m 660 ft 200 m Limited by the amount of wireless network traffic generated by each node Typically 30 70 nodes 2 412 2 462 GHz US 2 457 2 462 GHz Spain 2 412 2 484 GHz Japan 2 457 2 472 GHz France 2 412 2 472 GHz Europe ETSI 40 bits also called 64 bits 128 bits WEP data encryption A 2 Technical Specifications 202 10039 01 Appendix B Network Routing Firewall and Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks routing and networking Related Publications As you read this document you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information An RFC is a Request For Comment RFC published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet The documents are
128. ny wireless security optons Your wireless computer may not support ai of ese optons Please read the NETGEAR manual io identty he wireless security features of your router Mat sats ty your requirements and work with your wireless computor Neat Figure 3 6 Enable the wireless feature d Enable your wireless network click Next to proceed then click Done to finish If you have trouble connecting to the Internet see Troubleshooting Tips on page 3 8 to correct basic problems Note The Smart Wizard configuration assistant only appears when the router is in its factory default state After you configure the router it will not appear again You can always connect to the router to change its settings To do so open a browser such as Internet Explorer and go to http www routerlogin net Then when prompted enter admin as the user name and password for the password both in lower case letters You are now connected to the Internet and the wireless feature of the router is enabled Next configure your wireless computer 3 6 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Now Set Up a Computer for Wireless Connectivity You are now connected to the Internet and the wireless feature of the router is enabled Next configure your wireless computer L CONFIGURE THE COMPUTER S WIRELESS ADAPTER SETTINGS ceed Wo Wireless Adapter ina Notebook Compu
129. o place them side by side and view the order of the wire colors on each On a straight through cable the color order will be the same on both connectors On a crossover cable the orange and blue pairs will be exchanged from one connector to the other B 14 Network Routing Firewall and Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The MR814 v3 router incorporates Auto Uplink technology also called MDI MDIX Each LOCAL Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection e g connecting to a computer or an uplink connection e g connecting to a router switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection Network Routing Firewall and Basics B 15 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router B 16 Network Routing Firewall and Basics 202 10039 01 Appendix C Preparing Your Network This appendix describes how to prepare your network to connect to the Internet through the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router and how to verify the readiness of broadband Internet service from an Internet service provider ISP Note If an ISP technician configured your computer during the installation of a broadba
130. o reserve an IP address 1 Click the Add button 7 8 Advanced Configuration of the Router 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 2 Inthe IP Address box type the IP address to assign to the PC or server choose an IP address from the router s LAN subnet such as 192 168 0 X 3 Type the MAC Address of the PC or server Tip If the PC is already present on your network you can copy its MAC address from the Attached Devices menu and paste it here 4 Click Apply to enter the reserved address into the table Note The reserved address will not be assigned until the next time the PC contacts the router s DHCP server Reboot the PC or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew To edit or delete a reserved address entry 1 Click the button next to the reserved address you want to edit or delete 2 Click Edit or Delete Using a Dynamic DNS Service If your network has a permanently assigned IP address you can register a domain name and have that name linked with your IP address by public Domain Name Servers DNS However if your Internet account uses a dynamically assigned IP address you will not know in advance what your IP address will be and the address can change frequently In this case you can use a commercial dynamic DNS service who will allow you to register your domain to their IP address and will forward traffic directed at your domain to your frequentl
131. o support the following D 16 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e The new WPA information element To advertise their support of WPA wireless APs send the beacon frame with a new 802 11 WPA information element that contains the wireless AP s security configuration encryption algorithms and wireless security configuration information e The WPA two phase authentication Open system then 802 1x EAP with RADIUS or preshared key TKIP e Michael e AES optional To upgrade your wireless access points to support WPA obtain a WPA firmware update from your wireless AP vendor and upload it to your wireless AP Changes to Wireless Network Adapters Wireless network adapters must have their firmware updated to support the following e The new WPA information element Wireless clients must be able to process the WPA information element and respond with a specific security configuration e The WPA two phase authentication Open system then 802 1x EAP or preshared key e TKIP e Michael e AES optional To upgrade your wireless network adapters to support WPA obtain a WPA update from your wireless network adapter vendor and update the wireless network adapter driver For Windows wireless clients you must obtain an updated network adapter driver that supports WPA For wireless network adapter drivers that are compatible with Windows XP Service Pack 1 and
132. oll Interval Specifies the intervals at which the statistics are updated in this window Click on Stop to freeze the display Set Interval Stop Enter a time and click the button to set the polling frequency Click the Stop button to freeze the polling information Maintenance 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Viewing a List of Attached Devices The Attached Devices menu contains a table of all IP devices that the router has discovered on the local network From the Main Menu of the browser interface under the Maintenance heading select Attached Devices to view the table shown below Attached Devices IP Address Device Name MAC Address 4 192 168 0 2 emachine 00 48 54 8d d7 d3 Refresh Figure 6 4 Attached Devices menu For each device the table shows the IP address NetBIOS Host Name if available and Ethernet MAC address Note that if the router is rebooted the table data is lost until the router rediscovers the devices To force the router to look for attached devices click the Refresh button Configuration File Management The configuration settings of the MR814 v3 router are stored within the router in a configuration file This file can be saved backed up to a user s PC retrieved restored from the user s PC or cleared to factory default settings Maintenance 6 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 C
133. omatically logs you out 3 12 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router How to Manually Configure Your Internet Connection You can manually configure your router using the menu below or you can allow the Setup Wizard to determine your configuration as described in the previous section ISP Does Not Require Login ISP Does Require Login Basic Settings Does Your Inteyfet Connection Require A Login O No Account Name if Required j Internet Service Provider Domain Name if Required n Login Internet IP Address password Get Dynamically From ISP Service Name If Required E O Use Static IP Address Idle Timeout In Minutes 5 IP Address o jo IP Subnet Mask 255 255 Domain Name Server DNS Address i Get Automatically From ISP Gateway IP Address jo jo O Use These DNS Servers Domain Name Server DNS Address Primary DNS o o jlo o Get Automatically From ISP Secondary DNS 0 0 0 0 O Use These DNS Servers Secondary DNS Router MAC Address Use Default MAC Address O Use Computer MAC Address O Use This MAC Address Apply Cancel Test Figure 3 10 Browser based configuration Basic Settings menus You can manually configure the router using the Basic Settings menu shown in Figure 3 10 using these steps 1 Connect to the router
134. one Access Point domain to another and still maintain seamless network connection Wireless Networking Basics D 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Ad Hoc Mode Peer to Peer Workgroup In an ad hoc network computers are brought together as needed thus there is no structure or fixed points to the network each node can generally communicate with any other node There is no Access Point involved in this configuration This mode enables you to quickly set up a small wireless workgroup and allows workgroup members to exchange data or share printers as supported by Microsoft networking in the various Windows operating systems Some vendors also refer to ad hoc networking as peer to peer group networking In this configuration network packets are directly sent and received by the intended transmitting and receiving stations As long as the stations are within range of one another this is the easiest and least expensive way to set up a wireless network Network Name Extended Service Set Identification ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is one of two types of Service Set Identification SSID In an ad hoc wireless network with no access points the Basic Service Set Identification BSSID is used In an infrastructure wireless network that includes an access point the ESSID is used but may still be referred to as SSID An SSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanume
135. onnect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network Both the LAN and WAN interfaces are autosensing and capable of full duplex or half duplex operation The router incorporates Auto Uplink technology Each Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection such as to a PC or an uplink connection such as to a switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection Extensive Protocol Support The MR814 v3 router supports the Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP and Routing Information Protocol RIP For further information about TCP IP refer to Appendix B Network Routing Firewall and Basics e IP Address Sharing by NAT The MR814 v3 router allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider ISP This technique known as NAT allows the use of an inexpensive single user ISP account Introduction 2 3 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP The MR814 v3 router dynamically assigns network configuration information
136. outer s administration password to password and the IP address to 192 168 0 1 You can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults in two ways e Use the Erase function of the router see Erasing the Configuration on page 6 7 e Use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router Use this method for cases when the administration password or IP address is not known To restore the factory default configuration settings without knowing the administration password or IP address you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the router 1 Press and hold the Default Reset button until the power light blinks on about 10 seconds 2 Release the Default Reset button and wait for the router to reboot If the router fails to restart or the power light continues to blink or turns solid amber the unit may be defective If the error persists you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support Troubleshooting 8 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Problems with Date and Time The E Mail menu in the Content Filtering section displays the current date and time of day The MR814 v3 router uses the Network Time Protocol NTP to obtain the current time from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet Each entry in the log is stamped with the date and time of day Problems with the date and time function can include e Date sho
137. party TCP IP application package such as NetManage Chameleon e Macintosh Operating System 7 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network e All versions of UNIX or Linux include TCP IP components Follow the instructions provided with your operating system or networking software to install TCP IP on your computer In your IP network each PC and the firewall must be assigned a unique IP addresses Each PC must also have certain other IP configuration information such as a subnet mask netmask a domain name server DNS address and a default gateway address In most cases you should install TCP IP so that the PC obtains its specific network configuration information automatically from a DHCP server during bootup For a detailed explanation of the meaning and purpose of these configuration items refer to Appendix B Network Routing Firewall and Basics The MR814 v3 router is shipped preconfigured as a DHCP server The firewall assigns the following TCP IP configuration information automatically when the PCs are rebooted e PC or workstation IP addresses 192 168 0 2 through 192 168 0 254 e Subnet mask 255 255 255 0 e Gateway address the firewall 192 168 0 1 These addresses are part of the IETF designated private address range for use in private networks Configuring Windows 95 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you need to manually install and con
138. ping http www routerlogin net basicsetting htm in the browser address bar and clicking Enter You will not be prompted for a user name or password This will enable you to manually configure the router even when it is in the factory default state When manually configuring the router you must complete the configuration by clicking Apply when finished entering your settings If you do not do so a browser on any PC connected to the router will automatically display the router s Configuration Assistant Welcome page rather than the browser s home page Configuration Settings Have Been Applied Enter the standard URL to access the router Connect to the router by typing either of these URLs in the address field of your browser then click Enter http www routerlogin net http www routerlogin com The router will prompt you to enter the user name of admin and the password The default password is password Enter the IP address of the router to access the Connect to the router by typing the IP address of the router in the address field of your browser then click Enter 192 168 0 1 is the default IP address of the router The router will prompt you to enter the user name of admin and the password The default password is password Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 9 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router How to Log On to the Router After Configur
139. printer from the notebook PC you are using to wirelessly connect to the network From the File menu of an application such as Microsoft Word use the Print Windows computers wired and wireless am using to connect to the network need to be configured with the same Windows Workgroup or Domain settings as the other Windows computers in the combined wireless and wired network Any Windows networking security access rights such as login user name password that have been individuals who want to set up small networks in their homes or small offices For assistance with setting up Windows networking refer to the PC Networking Tutorial on the MR814 v3 Resource CD 2230 10095 01 and the Help information provided in the Windows system you are using For assistance with setting up computers Setup feature to assigned in the Windows Printers in Windows refer to the direct your print network must be provided Help and Support information output to the printer when Windows prompts for that comes with the Version of athe network such information the Windows operating systems If so called Windows peer PO eins networking is being used the printer needs to be enabled for sharing Introduction 2 9 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 2 10 202 10039 01 Introduction Chapter 3 Connecting the Router to the Internet This chapter describes how to
140. prove that no single security tactic is completely invulnerable WPA is a definite step forward in WLAN security over WEP and has to be thought of as a single part of an end to end network security strategy Product Support for WPA Starting in August 2003 NETGEAR Inc wireless Wi Fi certified products will support the WPA standard NETGEAR Inc wireless products that had their Wi Fi certification approved before August 2003 will have one year to add WPA so as to maintain their Wi Fi certification WPA requires software changes to the following e Wireless access points e Wireless network adapters e Wireless client programs Supporting a Mixture of WPA and WEP Wireless Clients To support the gradual transition of WEP based wireless networks to WPA a wireless AP can support both WEP and WPA clients at the same time During the association the wireless AP determines which clients use WEP and which clients use WPA The disadvantage to supporting a mixture of WEP and WPA clients is that the global encryption key is not dynamic This is because WEP based clients cannot support it All other benefits to the WPA clients such as integrity are maintained However a mixed mode supporting WPA and non WPA clients would offer network security that is no better than that obtained with a non WPA network and thus this mode of operation is discouraged Changes to Wireless Access Points Wireless access points must have their firmware updated t
141. r Using Universal Plug and Play UPnP Universal Plug and Play UPnP helps devices such as Internet appliances and computers access the network and connect to other devices as needed UPnP devices can automatically discover the services from other registered UPnP devices on the network UPnP Turn UPnP On Advertisement Period in minutes 30 Advertisement Time To Live in hops lo UPnP Portmap Table Active Protocol Int Port Ext Port IP Address Yes TCP 9198 11913 192 168 0 2 Yes UDP 5339 7102 192 168 0 2 Figure 7 6 UPnP Menu Advanced Configuration of the Router 7 13 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced click on UPnP Set up UPnP according to the guidelines below Turn UPnP On UPnP can be enabled or disabled for automatic device configuration The default setting for UPnP is disabled If disabled the router will not allow any device to automatically control the resources such as port forwarding mapping of the router Note If you use applications such as multi player gaming peer to peer connections real time communications such as instant messaging or remote assistance a feature in Windows XP you should enable UPnP Advertisement Period The Advertisement Period is how often the router will broadcast its UPnP information This value can range from 1 to 1440 minutes The default period is 3
142. r are satisfactory See IP Configuration by DHCP on page B 10 for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to assign IP addresses for your network If another device on your network will be the DHCP server or if you will manually configure the network settings of all of your computers clear the Use router as DHCP server check box Otherwise leave it checked Specify the pool of IP addresses to be assigned by setting the Starting IP Address and Ending IP Address These addresses should be part of the same IP address subnet as the router s LAN IP address Using the default addressing scheme you should define a range between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 253 although you may wish to save part of the range for devices with fixed addresses The router will deliver the following parameters to any LAN device that requests DHCP e An IP Address from the range you have defined e Subnet Mask e Gateway IP Address the router s LAN IP address e Primary DNS Server if you entered a Primary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu otherwise the router s LAN IP address e Secondary DNS Server if you entered a Secondary DNS address in the Basic Settings menu Using Address Reservation When you specify a reserved IP address for a PC on the LAN that PC will always receive the same IP address each time it access the router s DHCP server Reserved IP addresses should be assigned to servers that require permanent IP settings T
143. rating will be printed on the cable jacket A Category 5 cable will meet specified requirements regarding loss and crosstalk In addition there are restrictions on maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits second networks B 12 Network Routing Firewall and Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Inside Twisted Pair Cables For two devices to communicate the transmitter of each device must be connected to the receiver of the other device The crossover function is usually implemented internally as part of the circuitry in the device Computers and workstation adapter cards are usually media dependent interface ports called MDI or uplink ports Most repeaters and switch ports are configured as media dependent interfaces with built in crossover ports called MDI X or normal ports Auto Uplink technology automatically senses which connection MDI or MDI X is needed and makes the right connection Figure B 4 illustrates straight through twisted pair cable Key A UPLINK OR MDI PORT as on a PC B Normal or MDI X port as on a hub or switch 1 2 3 6 Pin numbers Figure B 4 Straight Through Twisted Pair Cable Figure B 5 illustrates crossover twisted pair cable Key B Normal or MDI X port as on a hub or switch 1 2 3 6 Pin numbers Figure B 5 Crossover Twisted Pair Cable Network Routing Firewall and Basics B 13 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for t
144. re connected and you are ready to restart your network 2 RESTART YOUR NETWORK IN THE CORRECT SEQUENCE Warning Failure to restart your network in the correct sequence could prevent you from connecting to the Internet a First turn on the broadband modem and wait 2 minutes b Now plug in the power cord to your router and wait 1 minute c Last turn on your computer Note For DSL customers if software logs you in to the Internet do not run that software You may need to go to the Internet Explorer Tools menu Internet Options Connections tab page where you can select Never dial a connection Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 3 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router W D CD amp 4 Power Test Wireless Internet Port LAN Port 4 Figure 3 4 Verify the connections according to the status lights on the router d Check the router status lights to verify the following Power The power light should turn solid green If it does not see Troubleshooting Tips on page 3 8 Test The test light blinks when the router is first turned on then goes off If after 2 minutes it is still on see Troubleshooting Tips on page 3 8 Internet The Internet port light should be lit If not make sure the Ethernet cable is securely attached to the router Internet port and the modem and the modem is powered on Wireless The Wireless light should b
145. request is broadcast onto the network All stations on the network receive and read the request The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request All other stations discard the request Related Documents The station with the correct IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the sending device The receiving station provides the transmitting station with the required destination MAC address The IP address data and MAC address data for each station are held in an ARP table The next time data is sent the address can be obtained from the address information in the table For more information about address assignment refer to the IETF documents RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT Domain Name Server Many of the resources on the Internet can be addressed by simple descriptive names such as www NETGEAR com This addressing is very helpful at the application level but the descriptive name must be translated to an IP address in order for a user to actually contact the resource Just as a telephone directory maps names to phone numbers or as an ARP table maps IP addresses to MAC addresses a domain name system DNS server maps descriptive nam
146. ric key identifying the name of the wireless local area network Some vendors refer to the SSID as network name For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other all devices must be configured with the same SSID Wireless Channels IEEE 802 11 wireless nodes communicate with each other using radio frequency signals in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band between 2 4 GHz and 2 5 GHz Neighboring channels are 5 MHz apart However due to spread spectrum effect of the signals a node sending signals using a particular channel will utilize frequency spectrum 12 5 MHz above and below the center channel frequency As a result two separate wireless networks using neighboring channels for example channel 1 and channel 2 in the same general vicinity will interfere with each other Applying two channels that allow the maximum channel separation will decrease the amount of channel cross talk and provide a noticeable performance increase over networks with minimal channel separation D 2 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The radio frequency channels used are listed in Table 8 3 Table 8 3 802 11 Radio Frequency Channels Channel Center Frequency Frequency Spread 1 2412 MHz 2399 5 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2 2417 MHz 2404 5 MHz 2429 5 MHz 3 2422 MHz 2409 5 MHz 2434 5 MHz 4 2427 MHz 2414 5 MHz 2439 5 MHz 5
147. rk you must first consider what type of encryption you require and the key size you want to use Typically there are three WEP Encryption options available for 802 11b products 1 Do Not Use WEP The 802 11b network does not encrypt data For authentication purposes the network uses Open System Authentication 2 Use WEP for Encryption A transmitting 802 11b device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving 802 11b device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the 802 11b network uses Open System Authentication D 6 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 3 Use WEP for Authentication and Encryption A transmitting 802 11b device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving 802 11b device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the 802 11b network uses Shared Key Authentication Note Some 802 11b access points also support Use WEP for Authentication Only Shared Key Authentication without data encryption Key Size The IEEE 802 11b standard supports two types of WEP encryption 40 bit and 128 bit The 64 bit WEP data encryption method allows for a five character 40 bit input Additionally 24 factory set bits are added to the forty bit input to generate a 64 bit encryption key The 24 factory set bits ar
148. rong user authentication Windows XP implements 802 1x natively and several Netgear switch and wireless access point products support 802 1x D 12 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Client with a WPA enabled wireless adapter and supplicant Win XP Funk For example a For example a Meetinghouse etc WPA enabled AP RADIUS server K yr p x J Supplicant Authenticator Authenticating Server 2onstenge 4 Identity Identity gt gt Request Request Credentials Credentials Credentials Credentials gt gt G uthentication Authentication Key Key Uncontrolled Port LAN gt Resources Controlled Port Figure D 2 802 1x Authentication Sequence The AP sends Beacon Frames with WPA information element to the stations in the service set Information elements include the required authentication method 802 1x or Pre shared key and the preferred cipher suite WEP TKIP or AES Probe Responses AP to station and Association Requests station to AP also contain WPA information elements 1 Initial 802 1x communications begin with an unauthenticated supplicant i e client device attempting to connect with an authenticator i e 802 11 access point The client sends an EAP start message This begins a series of message exchanges to authenticate the client 2 The access point replies with an EAP reque
149. rowser based Web Management Interface Smart Wizard The MR814 v3 router automatically senses the type of Internet connection asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account Visual monitoring The MR814 v3 router s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity 2 4 Introduction 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Maintenance and Support NETGEAR offers the following features to help you maximize your use of the MR814 v3 router Flash memory for firmware upgrade Free technical support seven days a week twenty four hours a day Package Contents The product package should contain the following items MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router AC power adapter Category 5 CATS Ethernet cable MRS amp 1 4 v3 Resource CD 2230 10095 01 including This guide Application Notes and other helpful information Registration and Warranty Card Support Information Card If any of the parts are incorrect missing or damaged contact your NETGEAR dealer Keep the carton including the original packing materials in case you need to return the router for repair Introduction 2 5 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The Router s Front Panel The front panel of the MR814 v3 router contains the status lights described below 0 Power D 4 Wirele
150. s Router WPA Authentication Enterprise level User Authentication via 802 1x EAP and RADIUS Wired Network with Optional Wireless LAN 802 1x Port Based Network Access Control TCP IP 3 WPA WPA enabled Ports Closed ertificate enabled Access Point Until RADIUS Server P WITO OSS Tl a Login oer client with pre shared key gin VeriSiar supplicant or TCP IP Authentication eriSign 802 1x Ports Opened etc After Authenticated Figure D 1 WPA Overview IEEE 802 1x offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as providing a vehicle for dynamically varying data encryption keys via EAP from a RADIUS server for example This framework enables using a central authentication server which employs mutual authentication so that a rogue wireless user does not join the network It s important to note that 802 1x doesn t provide the actual authentication mechanisms When using 802 1x the EAP type such as Transport Layer Security EAP TLS or EAP Tunneled Transport Layer Security EAP TTLS defines how the authentication takes place Note For environments with a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS infrastructure WPA supports Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP For environments without a RADIUS infrastructure WPA supports the use of a preshared key Together these technologies provide a framework for st
151. s after turning the router on reset the router according to the instructions in Restoring the Default Configuration and Password on page 8 7 e Ifthe Wireless light does not come on verify that the wireless feature is turned on according to the instructions in Restoring the Default Configuration and Password on page 8 7 3 8 Connecting the Router to the Internet 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Overview of How to Access the Router The table below describes how you access the router depending on the state of the router Table 3 1 Ways to access the router Router State Factory Default Note The router is supplied in the factory default state Also the factory default state is restored when you use the factory reset button See Restoring the Default Configuration and Password on page 8 7 for more information on this feature Access Options Automatic Access via the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant Manually enter a URL to bypass the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant Description Any time a browser is opened on any computer connected to the router the router will automatically connect to that browser and display the Configuration Assistant welcome page There is no need to enter the router URL in the browser or provide the login user name and password You can bypass the Smart Wizard Configuration Assistant feature by ty
152. se Settings and then Control Panel e Locate the Network Neighborhood icon and click on it This will open the Network panel as shown below Network 21x Configuration Identification Access Contral The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks Verify the following settings as shown ah i EtherLink xL 10 100Mb TX Ethernet Adapter e Client for Microsoft Network exists e Ethernet adapter is present e TCP IP is present Add e Primary Network Logon is set to Primary Network Logon Windows logon Client for Microsoft Networks z Client for Microsoft Networks Eiapenies Click on the Properties button The Bwindows Logon following TCP IP Properties window will Deion display The primary network logon is the client that is used to validate your user name and password process any login scripts and perform other startup tasks Preparing Your Network C 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e By default the IP Address tab is open on this window e Verify the following Obtain an IP address automatically is selected If not selected click in the radio button to the left of it to select it This setting is required to enable the DHCP server to automatically assign an IP address e Click OK to continue Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your n
153. sing BY 3Com 10 100 Mini PCI Ethernet Adapter Components checked are used by this connection V E Client for Microsoft Networks 8 File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Internet Protocol TCP IP Install Uninstall Properties Description Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks IV Show icon in taskbar when connected OK Cancel Preparing Your Network C 13 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e With Internet Protocol TCP IP selected click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialogue box e Verify that e Obtain an IP address automatically is selected e Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected e Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties 2 x General You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically C Use the following IP address IP address a Subnet mask E Default gateway PET Obtain DNS server address automatically mC Use the following DNS server addresses Advanced Preferred DNS server Al
154. ss Internet Port LAN Port 4 Figure 2 1 MR814 v3 Front Panel You can use the status lights to verify connections Viewed from left to right the table below describes the lights on the front panel of the router Table 2 1 Status Light Descriptions Label Activity Description Power On Green Solid Power is supplied to the router Off Power is not supplied to the router Test Blinking The router is performing its diagnostic test Off The router successfully completed its diagnostic test Wireless On The Wireless port is initialized and the wireless feature is enabled Off The wireless feature is turned off or there is a problem Internet On The Internet port has detected a link with an attached device Blink Data is being transmitted or received by the Internet port LAN On Green The LAN local area network port has detected link with a 100 Mbps device Blink Green Data is being transmitted or received at 100 Mbps On Yellow The Local port has detected link with a 10 Mbps device Blink Yellow Data is being transmitted or received at 10 Mbps Off No link is detected on this port 2 6 Introduction 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The Router s Rear Panel The rear panel of the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router contains these port connections pe Wireless PLII an EA 4321 Reset Button
155. ssigned IP address Click Obtain an IP address automatically 5 Select the Gateway tab Preparing Your Network C 21 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router If an IP address appears under Installed Gateways write down the address This is the ISP s gateway address Select the address and then click Remove to remove the gateway address Select the DNS Configuration tab If any DNS server addresses are shown write down the addresses If any information appears in the Host or Domain information box write it down Click Disable DNS Click OK to save your changes and close the TCP IP Properties dialog box You are returned to the Network window Click OK Reboot your PC at the prompt You may also be prompted to insert your Windows CD Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers As mentioned above you may need to collect configuration information from your Macintosh so that you can use this information when you configure the MR814 v3 router Following this procedure is only necessary when your ISP does not dynamically supply the account information To get the information you need to configure the firewall for Internet access l From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The TCP IP Control Panel opens which displays a list of configuration settings If the Configure setting is Using DHCP Server your account uses a dynamically assign
156. ssion Unit NAT netmask Network Address Translation packet PPP PPP over Ethernet PPTP The main internetworking protocol used in the Internet Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP to form TCP IP See local area network LAN A communications network serving users within a limited area such as one floor of a building A LAN typically connects multiple personal computers and shared network devices such as storage and printers Although many technologies exist to implement a LAN Ethernet is the most common for connecting personal computers Media Access Control address A unique 48 bit hardware address assigned to every Ethernet node Usually written in the form 01 23 45 67 89 ab Megabits per second See Maximum Transmission Unit The size in bytes of the largest packet that can be sent or received See Network Address Translation A number that explains which part of an IP address comprises the network address and which part is the host address on that network It can be expressed in dotted decimal notation or as a number appended to the IP address For example a 28 bit mask starting from the MSB can be shown as 255 255 255 192 or as 28 appended to the IP address A technique by which several hosts share a single IP address for access to the Internet A block of information sent over a network A packet typically contains a source and destination network address some protocol and lengt
157. st identity message Wireless Networking Basics D 13 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router 3 The client sends an EAP response packet containing the identity to the authentication server The access point responds by enabling a port for passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access point The access point blocks all other traffic such as HTTP DHCP and POP3 packets until the access point can verify the client s identity using an authentication server e g RADIUS 4 The authentication server uses a specific authentication algorithm to verify the client s identity This could be through the use of digital certificates or some other EAP authentication type 5 The authentication server will either send an accept or reject message to the access point 6 The access point sends an EAP success packet or reject packet to the client 7 Ifthe authentication server accepts the client then the access point will transition the client s port to an authorized state and forward additional traffic The important part to know at this point is that the software supporting the specific EAP type resides on the authentication server and within the operating system or application supplicant software on the client devices The access point acts as a pass through for 802 1x messages which means that you can specify any EAP type without needin
158. temate DNS server F e Click OK again to complete the configuration process for Windows 2000 Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Local Area Connection Properties 2x General Connect using BY 3Com EtherLink XL 10 100 PCI NIC 3C905 TX Components checked are used by this connection M E Client for Microsoft Networks File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Network sh M Y Intenet Protocol TCP IP Install Uninstall Properties Description Allows other computers to access resources on your computer using a Microsoft network J Show icon in taskbar when connected OK Cancel C 14 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows NT4 Once you have installed the network card you need to configure the TCP IP environment for Windows NT 4 0 Follow this procedure to configure TCP IP with DHCP in Windows NT 4 0 This will display Control Panel window e Choose Settings from the Start Menu and then select Control Panel e Double click the Network icon in the Control Panel window The Network panel will display e Select the Protocols tab to continue Network 2 x Identification Services Protocols Adapters Bindings i Windows uses the following informat
159. ter Figure 3 7 Configure wireless computer NETGEAR Inc wireless adapters display a list of available wireless networks and when wireless security is disabled you simply choose yours from the list and connect For a non NETGEAR wireless adapter configure it to match your settings exactly If you changed the default Network Name SSID be sure to use the correct Network Name SSID you set in the router WIRELESS FEATURE DEFAULT SETTING Network Name SSID NETGEAR WEP Security Disabled Warning The Network Name SSID is case sensitive Entering nETgear will not work 2 VERIFY VWRELESS CONNECTIMTY Verify wireless connectivity Connect to the Internet or log in to the router from a computer with a wireless adapter For wireless connectivity problems see Troubleshooting Tips on page 3 8 You are now wirelessly connected to the Internet Implement wireless security according to the instructions in Implement Appropriate Wireless Security on page 4 2 Connecting the Router to the Internet 3 7 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Troubleshooting Tips Here are some tips for correcting simple problems you may have Be sure to restart your network in this sequence 1 Turn off the modem router and computer 2 Turn on the modem wait two minutes 3 Turn on the router and wait 1 minute 4 Turn on the computer Make sure the Ethernet cables are se
160. the drop down lists 5 You can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys These values must be identical on all computers and Access Points in your network e Automatic Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button The passphrase is case sensitive NETGEAR is not the same as nETgear The four key boxes will be automatically populated with key values e Manual Enter ten hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F These entries are not case sensitive AA is the same as aa Select which of the four keys will be active Please refer to Overview of WEP Parameters on page D 6 for a full explanation of each of these options as defined by the IEEE 802 11 wireless communication standard 6 Click Apply to save your settings How to Configure WPA PSK Wireless Security Note Not all wireless adapters support WPA Furthermore client software is also required Windows XP service pack 1 and Windows 2000 with service pack 3 do include WPA support Nevertheless the wireless adapter hardware and driver must also support WPA For instructions on configuring wireless computers or PDAs for WPA PSK security consult the documentation for the product you are using To configure WPA PSK follow these steps 1 Click Wireless Settings the main menu and select WPA PSK for the Security Option Wireless Configuration 4 11 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for
161. ties General Alternate Configuration You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically Use the following IP address Obtain DNS server address automatically Use the following DNS server addresses DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 2000 Once again after you have installed the network card TCP IP for Windows 2000 is configured TCP IP should be added by default and set to DHCP without your having to configure it However if there are problems follow these steps to configure TCP IP with DHCP for Windows 2000 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop This will bring up a window called Network and Dial up Connections e Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties e The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears e Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using box e Verify that at least the following two items are displayed and selected in the box of Components checked are used by this connection e Client for Microsoft Networks and e Internet Protocol TCP IP e Click OK Local Area Connection Properties General Connect u
162. to Automatic the MR814 v3 will make a best effort attempt to use whatever options the wireless station is using If this fails you may need to configure this setting so that the MR814 v3 router and wireless stations match Open System With Open Network Authentication and 64 or 128 bit WEP Data Encryption the MR814 v3 does perform 64 or 128 bit data encryption but does not perform any authentication e Shared Key Shared Key authentication encrypts the SSID and data Choose the Encryption Strength 64 or 128 bit data encryption Manually enter the key values or enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box Manually entered keys are case sensitive but passphrase characters are not case sensitive Note Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support WEP passphrase key generation WPA Pre shared Key performs authentication uses 128 bit data encryption and dynamically changes the encryption keys making it nearly impossible to circumvent e Passphrase Enter a word or group of between 8 63 printable characters in the Passphrase box These characters are case sensitive e Key Lifetime This setting determines how often the encryption key is changed Shorter periods provide greater security but adversely affect performance If desired you can change the default value Note Not all wireless adapter configuration utilities support WPA Furthermore client software is required on the client Windows XP and Windows 2
163. to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 Configuring Windows NT4 2000 or XP for IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Install or Verify Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network and Dialup Connections icon 3 Ifan Ethernet adapter is present in your PC you should see an entry for Local Area Connection Double click that entry 4 Select Properties 5 Verify that Client for Microsoft Networks and Internet Protocol TCP IP are present If not select Install and add them 6 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP click Properties and verify that Obtain an IP address automatically is selected 7 Click OK and close all Network and Dialup Connections windows 8 Then restart your PC Preparing Your Network C 9 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Rout
164. tscape Navigator 4 0 or above Preparing Your Network C 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router For the initial setup of your router you will need to connect a computer to the router This computer has to be set to automatically get its TCP IP configuration from the router via DHCP Note For help with DHCP configuration please use the Windows TCP IP Configuration Tutorials on the MR8 4 v3 Resource CD 2230 10095 01 or in this appendix Internet Configuration Requirements Depending on how your Internet service set up your account you may need one or more of these configuration parameters to connect your router to the Internet e Host and Domain Names e ISP Login Name and Password e ISP Domain Name Server DNS Addresses e Fixed IP Address which is also known as Static IP Address Where Do Get the Internet Configuration Parameters There are several ways you can gather the required Internet connection information e Your Internet service provides all the information needed to connect to the Internet If you cannot locate this information you can ask your Internet service to provide it or you can try one of the options below e Ifyou have a computer already connected using the Internet you can gather the configuration information from that computer For Windows 95 98 ME open the Network control panel select the TCP IP entry for the Ethernet adapter and click Properties Record
165. ur router listed as the default gateway If the IP configuration of your computer is assigned by DHCP this information will not be visible in your computer s Network Control Panel Verify that the IP address of the router is listed as the default gateway as described in Install or Verify Windows Networking Components on page C 9 8 6 Troubleshooting 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Check to see that the network address of your computer the portion of the IP address specified by the netmask is different from the network address of the remote device Check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning If your ISP assigned a host name to your computer enter that host name as the Account Name in the Basic Settings menu Your ISP could be rejecting the Ethernet MAC addresses of all but one of your computers Many broadband ISPs restrict access by only allowing traffic from the MAC address of your broadband modem but some ISPs additionally restrict access to the MAC address of a single computer connected to that modem If this is the case you must configure your router to clone or spoof the MAC address from the authorized computer Refer to How to Bypass the Configuration Assistant on page 3 12 Restoring the Default Configuration and Password This section explains how to restore the factory default configuration settings changing the r
166. urity measures are taken browsing the Internet through your wireless connection exchanging files with other computers and using printers in the combined wireless and wired network Table 2 1 A Road Map for How to Get There From Here If Want To What Do Do What s Needed How Do Set up a 1 Choose a wireless Wireless network To set up the MR814 v3 see wireless network name equipment such as the Chapter 3 Connecting the network SSID and decide if MR814 v3 Cable DSL Router to the Internet and follow you need to use Wireless Router the instructions provided wireless security e A computer within the and if so what operating range of the To learn about wireless settings to use wireless network For networking technology see 2 Set up the MR814 guidelines about the range Appendix D Wireless v3 Cable DSL of wireless networks see Networking Basics for a general Wireless Router with Observe Performance introduction settings based on Placement and Range step 1 Guidelines 3 Set up the wireless computers with the settings from step 2 Protect my 1 Assure that the e A wireless network WEP To learn about wireless wireless wireless network security enabled networking security see connection has security Wireless networking Authentication and WEP on from snooping features enabled equipment that supports Page 4 hacking or 2 Configure my WEP such as the MR814 information l j v3
167. via e mail You can specify that logs are automatically sent to the specified e mail address with these options Send alert immediately Check this box if you would like immediate notification of attempted access to a blocked site Send logs according to this schedule Specifies how often to send the logs Hourly Daily Weekly or When Full Day for sending log Specifies which day of the week to send the log Relevant when the log is sent weekly or daily Time for sending log Specifies the time of day to send the log Relevant when the log is sent daily or weekly If the Weekly Daily or Hourly option is selected and the log fills up before the specified period the log is automatically e mailed to the specified e mail address After the log is sent the log is cleared from the router s memory If the router cannot e mail the log file the log buffer may fill up In this case the router overwrites the log and discards its contents The MR814 v3 router uses the Network Time Protocol NTP to obtain the current time and date from one of several Network Time Servers on the Internet In order to localize the time for your log entries you must specify your Time Zone Time Zone Select your local time zone This setting will be used for the blocking schedule and for time stamping log entries Daylight Savings Time Check this box if your time zone is currently under daylight savings time 5 8 Content Filtering 202 10039 01
168. was obtained Lease Expires When the DHCP lease was expires Release Renew Click the Release button to release the DHCP lease Click the Renew button to renew the DHCP lease Maintenance 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Click on the Show Statistics button to display router usage statistics as shown below System Up Time 0 13 22 Port Status WAN TxPkts RxPkts Collisions Tx Bis Rx B s 1 OM Half 52 0 0 118 0 Up Time 0 13 22 0 13 22 0 13 22 LAN 1 00M Full 959 728 0 1921 720 WLAN 11M 959 728 0 1921 720 Set Interval Poll Interval secs Figure 6 3 Router Statistics screen This screen shows the following statistics Table 6 3 Router Statistics Items Item Description Port The statistics for the WAN Internet and LAN local ports For each port the screen displays Status The link status of the port TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear Collisions The number of collisions on this port since reset or manual clear Tx B s The current transmission outbound bandwidth used on the WAN and LAN ports Rx B s The current reception inbound bandwidth used on the WAN and LAN ports Up Time The amount of time since the router was last restarted Up Time The time elapsed since this port acquired the link P
169. wn is January 1 2000 Cause The router has not yet successfully reached a Network Time Server Check that your Internet access settings are configured correctly If you have just completed configuring the router wait at least five minutes and check the date and time again e Time is off by one hour Cause The router does not automatically sense Daylight Savings Time In the E Mail menu check or uncheck the box marked Adjust for Daylight Savings Time 8 8 Troubleshooting 202 10039 01 Appendix A Technical Specifications This appendix provides technical specifications for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols Power Adapter North America United Kingdom Australia Europe Japan All regions output Physical Specifications Dimensions Weight Environmental Specifications Operating temperature Operating humidity Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requirements of TCP IP RIP 1 RIP 2 DHCP PPP over Ethernet PPPoE 120V 60 Hz input 240V 50 Hz input 230V 50 Hz input 100V 50 60 Hz input 12 V DC 1 A output 20W maximum 28x175x 118mm 1 1 x 6 89 x 4 65 in 0 3kg 0 66 lb 0 to 40 C 32 to 104 F 90 maximum relative humidity noncondensing FCC Part 15 Class B Technical Specifications A 1 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router Interface Specificatio
170. work The strength WPA comes from an integrated sequence of operations that encompass 802 1X EAP authentication and sophisticated key management and encryption techniques Its major operations include e Network security capability determination This occurs at the 802 11 level and is communicated through WPA information elements in Beacon Probe Response and Re Association Requests Information in these elements includes the authentication method 802 1X or Pre shared key and the preferred cipher suite WEP TKIP or AES D 10 Wireless Networking Basics 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router The primary information conveyed in the Beacon frames is the authentication method and the cipher suite Possible authentication methods include 802 1X and Pre shared key Pre shared key is an authentication method that uses a statically configured pass phrase on both the stations and the access point This obviates the need for an authentication server which in many home and small office environments will not be available nor desirable Possible cipher suites include WEP TKIP and AES Advanced Encryption Standard We ll talk more TKIP and AES when addressing data privacy below e Authentication EAP over 802 1X is used for authentication Mutual authentication is gained by choosing an EAP type supporting this feature and is required by WPA 802 1X port access control prevents full access to the networ
171. ws XP 2000 and NT4 To check your PC s TCP IP configuration 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run The Run window opens 2 Type cma and then click OK A command window opens 3 Type ipconfig all Your IP Configuration information will be listed and should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 Preparing Your Network 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 4 Type exit Configuring the Macintosh for TCP IP Networking Beginning with Macintosh Operating System 7 TCP IP is already installed on the Macintosh On each networked Macintosh you will need to configure TCP IP to use DHCP MacOS 8 6 or 9 x 1 From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The TCP IP Control Panel opens o TCP IP Connect via Ethernet Setup Configure Using DHCP Server DHCP Client ID IP Address lt will be supplied by server gt Subnet mask lt will be supplied by server gt Router address lt will be supplied by server gt Search domains Name server addr lt will be supplied by server gt E 2 From the Connect via box
172. y changing IP address Note If your ISP assigns a private WAN IP address such as 192 168 x x or 10 x x x the dynamic DNS service will not work because private addresses will not be routed on the Internet The router contains a client that can connect to many popular dynamic DNS services You can select one of these services and obtain an account with them Then whenever your ISP assigned IP address changes your router will automatically contact your dynamic DNS service provider log in to your account and register your new IP address From the Main Menu of the browser interface under Advanced click on Dynamic DNS To configure Dynamic DNS 1 Register for an account with one of the dynamic DNS service providers whose names appear in the Select Service Provider box For example for dyndns org go to www dyndns org Advanced Configuration of the Router 7 9 202 10039 01 Reference Manual for the MR814 v3 Cable DSL Wireless Router YD Ww RF WN Select the Use a dynamic DNS service check box Select the name of your dynamic DNS Service Provider Type the Host Name or domain name that your dynamic DNS service provider gave you Type the User Name for your dynamic DNS account Type the Password or key for your dynamic DNS account If your dynamic DNS provider allows the use of wildcards in resolving your URL you may select the Use wildcards check box to activate this feature For example the wildcard feature
173. your router will forward your request to the ISP The ISP forwards your request to the company where you are employed and the request will likely be denied by the company s firewall In this case you must define a static route telling your router that 134 177 0 0 should be accessed through the ISDN router at 192 168 0 100 The static route would look like Figure 7 5 In this example e The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134 177 x x addresses e The Gateway IP Address fields specifies that all traffic for these addresses should be forwarded to the ISDN router at 192 168 0 100 e A Metric value of 1 will work since the ISDN router is on the LAN e Private is selected only as a precautionary security measure in case RIP is activated Enabling Remote Management Access Using the Remote Management page you can allow a user or users on the Internet to configure upgrade and check the status of your MR814 v3 router Note Be sure to change the router s default configuration password to a very secure J password The ideal password should contain no dictionary words from any language and should be a mixture of letters both upper and lower case numbers and symbols Your password can be up to 30 characters To configure your router for Remote Management 1 Select the Turn Remote Management On check box 2 Specify what external addresses will be allowe

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