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Netgear 802.11b User's Manual

1. cc cccssceceeeeeesecaeeeeeneeeenaeeseeneees 2 4 System Reniremenia dirsa S Miauterspaeengan ke hiuns a aries 2 5 PR se MPA AAS husres tices ganic onstcaaty ual autre Caneel aurein Suniiagahd Uoetrgmtcn a Nemta heen inguatenencaaan 2 5 Hardware DGSCIIDUIGI civiessncaesicicianvecutonmedsdeneantysctadeegnccetonietcocnennegenketammendeeneneecannnauers 2 5 ME103 Wireless Access Point Front Panel cececseeeeeeeeceeceeeeeeseeeeeeenseaaeeeeees 2 6 ME103 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel c ccccccsssescaannessecnsannnonecccatnoostaaannnesscacatens 2 7 Left Side Primary and Right Side Secondary Detachable Antenna 2 7 Restore to Factory Defaults BUWON siireersuosinunuisuunsisnnenunineunnusi neneiia 2 7 Fee eNO PO oruorrsnie o a a 2 7 Ponor SOCKS cinerea ai uae Rane oNe a 2 7 Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configuration Observing Placement and Range Guidelines cssceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeseeeeeeeeaaeeesenes 3 1 Ole Tee AIL ails harper tere reenter cr eerer A aR Frenette 3 2 Bice eM ashe ta lg acl 011s rindai EEE 3 3 Understanding ME103 Wireless Security Options cccccccceeeeeeeeeeseceeeeeeeeeteteeeeeneees 3 4 Installing the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point c ccsseceeeteeeeseeeees 3 5 Contents iii August 2003 How to Log In to the ME103 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name How to Log In to the ME103 Using Its Default IP Address Unders tanding Basic Wir
2. 802 11 Authentication The 802 11 standard defines several services that govern how two 802 11 devices communicate The following events must occur before an 802 11 Station can communicate with an Ethernet network through an access point such as the one built in to the ME103 1 Turn on the wireless station The station listens for messages from any access points that are in range The station finds a message from an access point that has a matching SSID The station sends an authentication request to the access point The access point authenticates the station The station sends an association request to the access point The access point associates with the station OO Th OS Oe Ur The station can now communicate with the Ethernet network through the access point An access point must authenticate a station before the station can associate with the access point or communicate with the network The IEEE 802 11 standard defines two types of authentication Open System and Shared Key e Open System Authentication allows any device to join the network assuming that the device SSID matches the access point SSID Alternatively the device can use the ANY SSID option to associate with any available Access Point within range regardless of its SSID e Shared Key Authentication requires that the station and the access point have the same WEP Key to authenticate These two authentication procedures are described below Open System A
3. Introduction 2 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Key Features The ME103 Access Point is easy to use and provides solid wireless and networking support Supported Standards and Conventions The following standards and conventions are supported Standards Compliant The Wireless Access Point complies with the IEEE 802 11b DSSS and IEEE 802 1x specifications for Wireless LANs 802 1x Support Support for 802 1x mode is included providing for the industrial strength wireless security of 802 1x authentication and authorization Radius Client Support The Wireless Access Point can log in to your existing Radius server as a Radius client WEP support Support for WEP is included Both 64 bit and 128 bit keys are supported Dynamic WEP key Support In 802 1x mode fixed or Dynamic WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy keys can be used Dynamic key exchange can be used when deploying 802 1x EAP TLS DHCP Client Support DHCP provides a dynamic IP address to PCs and other devices upon request The ME103 can act as a client and obtain information from your DHPC server NAT amp WINS Support Support for both NetBIOS broadcast and WINS Windows Internet Naming Service allows the ME103 to easily fit into your existing Windows network SNMP Support Support for Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Management Information Base MIB management Key Features The NETGEAR ME103 pr
4. cccccccscesseccsssccssecessscssseseeessesessessssssssessseessseeses B 10 Internet eo a Firewall ccntnncaiciaue mn emaarinm age Te Stateful Packet men DRUM disse lords at Gaal Sarena E ENE E T T o Denial of Senica AUGO cosinusa Ethernet Cabling Uplink Saithe Douma Cables and MDI MDIX SOON NT aissar a a LE gee ee E E E rene peer ferent emrrier E 2 Appendix D i ee Your PCs for Network Access teens Windies 98 ni Me tee TCP IP P Networking E A N S c Install or Verify Windows Networking Components s s isinsrruresrnnrirrenisannrnessann OOF Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings C 3 Selecting Windows Internet Access Method n Verifying TCP IP Properties PEE E P E A E E EE T Configuring Windows 2000 or XP for TCP IP N Networking iis nites isco iravnetaninsamiatnionsvenns a Install or Verify Windows Networking Component 2 ccecceeeetteeetetteesteees O76 DHCP Coniiguratian ot TOP IP in Windows AP nincisisirissiinininiienaniani DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 2000 ccscesceseeeteeeeeeteeetteseteetees O 9 Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP or 2000 sesser C11 Glossary Index vi Contents August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Chapter 1 About This Manual Congratulations on your purchase of the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point The ME103 provides connection fo
5. August 2003 Chapter 5 Advanced Configuration This chapter describes how to configure the advanced features of your ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point These features can be found under the Advanced heading in the main menu Configuring Advanced Security 802 1x Options For an overview of 802 1x see Understanding 802 1x Port Based Network Access Control on page B 9 The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point supports these 802 1x options e Key Exchange Key exchange PEAP EAP TLS EAP TTLS provides strong security through mutual authentication and automatic key exchange between the two endpoints Periodic updates are performed using public key cryptography through a certificate server and a Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS server The ME103 configuration procedures for these options are presented below Basic Requirements for 802 1x 802 1x requires these parts 1 Authenticator ME103 2 Authentication Server a RADIUS server Microsoft Internet Authentication Server IAS provides RADIUS functionality Other vendors also support RADIUS for 802 1x 3 Supplicant Windows 2000 with the 802 1x client patch applied SP4 802 1x client or Windows XP 4 Optionally the Key Exchange options PEAP EAP TLS and EAP TTLS can take advantage of a Certificate Authority CA such as Windows 2000 server provides To use certificate based authentication both the RADIUS server and the client ne
6. August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Statistics The Information Statistics screen provides various LAN and WLAN statistics Information Statistics System Up Time 0 day 0 32 8 Wired Ethernet Received Transmitted Packets 7066 655 Bytes 447657 181721 Throughput B sec 234 79 CRC Errors 0 0 Wireless Received Transmitted Unicast Packets 181 230 Broadcast Packets 29 6845 Multicast Packets 0 25 Total Packets 212 7102 Total Bytes 20235 500761 Throughput B sec 42 216 Figure 4 2 Wireless Access Point Status screen Maintenance 4 3 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Table 4 1 Statistics Fields Field System Up Time Description The length of time the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point has been connected to your network since it was last restarted Wired Ethernet Received Transmitted Packets Bytes Throughput B sec CRC Errors The number of packets sent since the ME103 was last restarted The number of bytes sent since the ME103 was last restarted The current bandwidth used on the LAN port The number of CRC errors since the ME103 was last restarted Wireless Received Transmitted Unicast Packets Broadcast Packets Multicast Packets Total Packets Total Bytes Throughput B sec Refresh button The Unicast packets sent since the ME103 was last restarted
7. Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point NETGEAR NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Phone 1 888 NETGEAR August 2003 August 2003 NETGEAR INC www NETGEAR com Technical Support Please register to obtain technical support Please retain your proof of purchase and warranty information To register your product get product support or obtain product information and product documentation go to http www NETGEAR com If you do not have access to the World Wide Web you may register your product by filling out the registration card and mailing it to NETGEAR customer service You will find technical support information at http www NETGEAR com through the customer service area If you want to contact technical support by telephone see the support information card for the correct telephone number for your country 2003 by NETGEAR Inc All rights reserved Trademarks NETGEAR is a registered trademark of NETGEAR INC Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Information is subject to change without notice All rights reserved Statement of Conditions In the interest of improving internal design operational function and or reliability NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without no
8. Version 3 0 Release 04 192 168 0 224 Default IP 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 Automatic DHCP Client NETGEAR 11 Wireless Access Point Open Disable Enable Figure 3 6 Login result ME103 home page The Web browser will then display the ME103 home page August 2003 Basic Installation and Configuration Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point How to Log In to the ME103 Using Its Default IP Address 1 192 168 0 224 is the default IP address of your access point However the ME103 is also set by default to be a DHCP client So if the ME103 has not yet been installed and there is no DHCP server on the network you can log in to the ME103 using its default IP address Otherwise you should use either the NetBIOS login described in How to Log In to the ME103 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name on page 3 8 or the procedure described in Set up the ME103 Access Point on page 3 5 which uses a static IP configuration Note The computer you are using to connect to the ME103 should be configured with an IP address that starts with 192 168 0 x and a Subnet Mask of 255 255 255 0 2 Open a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator 3 Connect to the ME103 by entering its default address of http 192 168 0 224 into your browser 4 A login window like the one shown below opens Connect to 192 168 0 224 IX ME103 User name admin Password rrr Remember my
9. E ESSID 3 15 B 2 Ethernet 2 3 2 4 Ethernet cable B 12 F factory settings restoring 4 9 features 2 2 G General 4 2 IANA contacting B 2 IETF B 1 Web site address B 7 infrastructure mode B 2 IP addresses and NAT B 7 and the Internet B 2 assigning B 2 B 10 private B 7 translating B 8 IP configuration by DHCP B 8 IP networking for Windows C 1 C 6 L Log In to the ME103 3 8 3 10 MAC address B 10 MDI MDI X B 13 D 2 MDI MDI X wiring B 12 D 4 N netmask translation table B 6 Network Address Translation B 7 O Open System authentication B 2 P Passphrase 3 13 3 14 3 18 pinout Ethernet cable B 12 Placement 3 1 port forwarding behind NAT B 8 protocols Address Resolution B 10 DHCP B 8 R RADIUS Port 5 2 5 14 RADIUS Shared Key 5 2 5 14 Range 3 1 range 3 1 restore configuration 4 8 restore factory settings 4 9 Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address 3 16 RFC 1466 B 7 B 10 1597 B 7 B 10 1631 B 7 B 8 finding B 7 RIP B 9 router concepts B 1 RTS Threshold 5 8 S Saving the Configuration File 4 9 Scope of Document 1 v Shared Key authentication B 2 SNMP 2 2 SSID 3 12 3 15 4 2 B 2 stateful packet inspection B 11 Station List 4 6 subnet addressing B 4 subnet mask B 5 T TCP IP properties verifying for Windows C 5 troubleshooting 6 1 typographical conventions 1 vi U Uplink switch B 12 W WEP B 5 Wi Fi B 1 B 2 Windows
10. hub switch or router A switch hub or router must be installed between the access point and the Ethernet LAN or broadband modem Make sure the connected device is turned on Be sure the correct cable is used Use a standard Category 5 Ethernet patch cable If the network device has Auto Uplink MDI MDIX ports you can use either a cross over cable or a normal patch cable I cannot access the Internet or the LAN with a wireless capable computer There is a configuration problem Check these items You may not have restarted the computer with the wireless adapter to have TCP IP changes take effect Restart the computer The computer with the wireless adapter may not have the correct TCP IP settings to communicate with the network Restart the computer and check that TCP IP is set up properly for that network The usual setting for Windows the Network Properties is set to Obtain an IP address automatically The access point s default values may not work with your network Check the access point default configuration against the configuration of other devices in your network 6 2 Troubleshooting August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point lam using EAP TLS security but get disconnected With 802 1x occasionally sporadic wireless communications interference might cause the encryption key to get dropped This is not a breach of security However if so your wirele
11. 35 35 35 disassociated authenticated associated disauthenticated disauthenticated authenticated associated authentication failed RADIUS connected to RADIUS server 00 09 5b 12 40 35 authenticated 00 09 5b 12 40 35 associated 00 09 5b 12 40 35 802 1X authentication 00 09 5b 12 40 35 dynamic key generated xl Refresh Clear Log Figure 4 3 Activity Log screen Maintenance August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Viewing a List of Attached Devices The Station List menu contains a table of all IP devices associated with the wireless access point in the wireless network defined by the Wireless Network Name SSID From the main menu of the browser interface under the Information heading click the Station List link to view the list shown below Information Station List MAC Address Status 1 00 30 ab 14 14 0e Allow Figure 4 4 Information Station List of associated devices For each device the table shows the MAC address and whether the device is allowed to communicate with the wireless access point or not Note that if the wireless access point is rebooted the table data is lost until the wireless access point rediscovers the devices To force the wireless access point to look for associated devices click the Refresh button Note A wireless network can include multiple wireless access points all using the same network name SSID This enables extendin
12. ME103 using the NetBIOS name you found on the bottom of the unit In this example you see NETGEAR123456 in the browser address or location box There is no space between NETGEAR and the 6 digits of the access point name You do not need to include www or http Address NETGEAR123456 ball Figure 3 4 Example ME103 NetBIOS name in browser address bar 4 A login window like the one shown below opens Connect to 192 168 0 224 FA ME103 User name admin Password lecoscece Remember my password Figure 3 5 Login window Basic Installation and Configuration 3 8 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Enter the default user name of admin and the default password of password beT Ti t te IP Settings Wireless Settings Change Password Upgrade Firmware Backup Restore Settings Reset Access Point Activity Log Station List Statistics Access Control Security Settings Wireless Settings Logout NETGEAR 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point gt ze gt F n Setti ngs General Access Point Information Access Point Name MAC Address Country Domain Firmware Version Current IP Settings IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway IP Address Source Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID Channel Operating Mode Security Settings Authentication Encryption 802 1x NETGEAR003314 00 c0 02 00 33 14 USA
13. Navigator 4 78 or above 1 Download the new software file from NETGEAR save it to your hard disk and unzip it Management Upgrade Firmware Locate and select the upgrade file from your hard disk Figure 4 5 ME103 Upgrade menu 2 From the main menu Management section click the Upgrade Firmware link to display the screen above 3 Inthe Upgrade Firmware menu click the Browse button and browse to the location of the image IMG upgrade file Maintenance 4 7 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 4 Click Upload When the upload completes your wireless access point will automatically restart The upgrade process typically takes about one minute In some cases you may need to reconfigure the wireless access point after upgrading Configuration File Management The ME103 Access Point settings are stored in the wireless access point in a configuration file This file can be saved backed up to a user s PC retrieved restored from the user s PC or cleared to factory default settings From the main menu Management heading click the Backup Restore Settings link to bring up the menu shown below Management Backup Restore Settings Save a copy of the current settings to a file Save Retrieve saved settings from a file File Retrieve Restore to factory default settings Figure 4 6 Settings Backup menu The three options displayed are describ
14. The ME103 comes with two removable 2 dBi antenna Two antennae provide what is called space diversity which helps to combat the addition of electromagnetic waves in the space where the unit is installed This effect is called multipath fading Multipath fading is generated by the multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves in an office due to walls ceiling floors partitions doors metallic polls cubicles etc and the motion of people and objects The benefits of two antennae are evident when there is distance or obstructions in the line of sight between the ME103 and the clients When only one antenna is used a degradation of up to 50 of data throughput can be noticed in several spots of the coverage and also at the fringes of the range The two 2dBi antenna are dipole and use vertical polarization They provide an optimal radiation pattern in the plane perpendicular to their direction When oriented vertically they provide a optimal range in the horizontal plane horizontal donut shaped signals If the office is small and on multiple floors it is advised to put the antenna flat so that the maximum coverage is vertical rather than horizontal When the office is an odd shape NETGEAR advises you to do some orientation trials For applications requiring more range wireless accessories can be used such as external antennae and bi directional booster s The first optional update is replacing the two 2dBi antennae by two 5 7dBi dipo
15. Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Install or Verify Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network icon The Network window opens which displays a list of installed components Ca x Configuration Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR M4101 USB Adapter TCP IP Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks Eile and Print Sharing r Description You must have an Ethernet adapter or an ME103 the TCP IP protocol and the Client for Microsoft Networks Note It is not necessary to remove any other network components shown in the Network window in order to install the adapter TCP IP or Client for Microsoft Networks gt If you need to add TCP IP Click the Add button Select Protocol and then click Add Select Microsoft Select TCP IP and then click OK ao FP If you need to add the Client for Microsoft Networks a Click the Add button b Select Client and then click Add c Select Microsoft d Select Client for Microsoft Netwo
16. addresses to the hosts without problems However the ANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks 100 020 10 255 255 255 172 16 0 0 172 31 255 255 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 Choose your private network number from this range The DHCP server of the ME103 Access Point is preconfigured to automatically assign private addresses Regardless of your particular situation do not create an arbitrary IP address always follow the guidelines explained here For more information about address assignment refer to RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space The Internet Engineering Task Force IETF publishes RFCs on its Web site at www ietf org Single IP Address Operation Using NAT In the past if multiple PCs on a LAN needed to access the Internet simultaneously you had to obtain a range of IP addresses from the ISP This type of Internet account is more costly than a single address account typically used by a single user with a modem rather than a router The ME103 Access Point employs an address sharing method called Network Address Translation NAT This method allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal LAN IP addresses to a single addr
17. appendix provides technical specifications for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Specifications for the ME103 Parameter ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 802 11b Data Rates 1 2 5 5 amp 11 Mbps Auto rate capable 802 11b Operating Frequencies 2 412 2 462 GHz US 2 457 2 462 GHz Spain 2 412 2 484 GHz Japan 2 457 2 472 GHz France 2 412 2 472 GHz Europe ETSI 802 11b Outdoor environment Indoor environment Operating Range 11 Mbps 500 ft 152 m 100 ft 30 m 5 5 Mbps 885 ft 270 m 165 ft 50 m 2 Mbps 1300 ft 396 m 230 ft 70 m 1 Mbps 1500 ft 457 m 300 ft 91 m 802 11b Encryption 40 bits also called 64 bits 128 bits WEP data encryption Network Management Maximum Clients Web based configuration and status monitoring Limited by the amount of wireless network traffic generated by each node typically 15 to 20 nodes Status LEDs Power Ethernet LAN Wireless LAN Dimensions W 7 38 in 187 3 mm D 5 26 in 131 mm H 1 in 25 4 mm Power Adapter 12Vdc 800mA Weight 845 g 29 7 oz Electromagnetic FCC Part 15 Class B and Class E C Tick CE Compliance Environmental Specifications Operating temperature 0 to 50 C Operating humidity 5 95 non condensing Warranty Limited 3 year warranty Specifications August 2003 A 1 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wirel
18. configuration there is a method by which each PC on the network can automatically obtain this configuration information A device on the network may act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server The DHCP server stores a list or pool of IP addresses along with other information such as gateway and DNS addresses that it may assign to the other devices on the network The ME103 Access Point has the capacity to act as a DHCP server C 8 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point The ME103 Access Point also functions as a DHCP client when connecting to the ISP The firewall can automatically obtain an IP address subnet mask DNS server addresses and a gateway address if the ISP provides this information by DHCP Domain Name Server Many of the resources on the Internet can be addressed by simple descriptive names such as www NETGEAR com This addressing is very helpful at the application level but the descriptive name must be translated to an IP address in order for a user to actually contact the resource Just as a telephone directory maps names to phone numbers or as an ARP table maps IP addresses to MAC addresses a domain name system DNS server maps descriptive names of network resources to IP addresses When a PC accesses a resource by its descriptive name it first contacts a DNS server to obtain the IP address of the resource Th
19. configuring for IP routing C 1 C 6 winipcfg utility C 5 Wired Equivalent Privacy See WEP Wireless Ethernet B 1 Wireless Network Name 3 12 4 2 Wireless Security 3 4 Index
20. it to select it C Specify an IP address This setting is required to enable the A n Address DHCP server to automatically assign an K i i IP address Subnet Esk ge e Click OK to continue Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Cancel Selecting Windows Internet Access Method I On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel Double click the Internet Options icon Select I want to set up my Internet connection manually or I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next Select I want to connect through a Local Area Network and click Next Uncheck all boxes in the LAN Internet Configuration screen and click Next Proceed to the end of the Wizard Verifying TCP IP Properties After your PC is configured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration using the utility winipcfg exe 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button and then click Run Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 5 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Type winipcfg and then click OK The IP Configuration window opens which lists among other things your IP address subnet mask and default gateway From the drop down box select your Ethernet adapter The window is updated to show your set
21. network properties dialog box shown below Association Authentication Network name SSID NETGEAR Wireless network key WEF This network requires a key for the following Data encryption WEP enabled Figure 5 3 Configure a Windows XP wireless adapter association d Select only the Data encryption WEP enabled check box e Click the Authentication tab to display the screen below Select this option to provide authenticated network access for Ethernet networks Enable IEEE 802 1 authentication for this network Figure 5 4 Configure a Windows XP wireless adapter for EAP TLS f Configure the wireless adapter to enable 802 1x authentication by selecting the Enable IEFE 802 1x authentication for this network check box g Click OK to apply the settings to your wireless adapter h The first time you establish the EAP TLS wireless session from a client workstation Windows will prompt you to verify that the certificate it found is the correct one Note During the authentication processes there is a session timeout If either the gt authenticator or the client does not respond with the proper data to the other side in 30 seconds the authentication fails If this happens you should physically remove the wireless adapter from your computer and re insert it to start the authentication again In addition if the ME103 is rebooted you should physically remove the wireless adapter from your computer a
22. network with subnet mask 255 255 255 0 into 16 subnets 4 bits the new subnet mask becomes 255 255 255 240 Table 6 1 Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet Number of Bits Dotted Decimal Value o N O oF WwW N 128 192 224 240 248 252 254 255 The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted decimal and the masklength formats Table 6 2 Netmask Formats Dotted Decimal Masklength 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 255 255 255 0 255 255 255 128 255 255 255 192 255 255 255 224 255 255 255 240 255 255 255 248 255 255 255 252 255 255 255 254 255 255 255 255 8 16 124 125 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Configure all hosts on a LAN segment to use the same netmask for the following reasons C 6 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point e So that hosts recognize local IP broadcast packets When a device broadcasts to its segment neighbors it uses a destination address of the local network address with all ones for the host address In order for this scheme to work all devices on the segment must agree on which bits comprise the host address e So that a local router or bridge recognizes which addresses are local and which are remote Private IP Addresses If your local network is isolated from the Internet for example when using NAT you can assign any IP
23. on the access control list to make any further changes 2 From the Wireless Settings menu click the Setup Access List button to display the Wireless Access menu shown below Advanced Access Control P lM Turn Access Control On Wireless Adapter Mac Address Action 00 30 ab 14 14 0e ALLOW Add Edit Wireless Adapter Access Setup Read from file Cand Available Wireless Cards MAC Address 00 30 ab 14 14 0e Wireless Card Entry MAC Address 00 30 ab 14 14 0e Figure 3 10 Wireless Card Access List Setup 3 Click Add to add a wireless device to the wireless access control list The Wireless Adapter Access Setup menu displays Basic Installation and Configuration 3 16 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 4 5 7 Select the Turn Access Control On check box Then either select from the list of available wireless cards the ME103 has found in your area or enter the MAC address and device name for a device you plan to use You can usually find the MAC address printed on the wireless adapter Tip You can copy and paste the MAC addresses from the ME103 s Station List menu into the MAC Address box To do this configure each wireless PC to obtain a wireless link to the ME103 The PC should then appear in the Station List menu Tip You can import a list of MAC addresses from saved a NETGEAR ME102 access point access c
24. the Administrator Password on page 4 10 ES Note For up to date ME103 installation details and troubleshooting guidance visit www NETGEAR com If you have trouble setting up your ME103 check the tips below No lights are lit on the access point It takes a few seconds for the power indicator to light up Wait a minute and check the power light status on the access point If the access point has no power e Make sure the power cord is connected to the access point e Make sure the power adapter is connected to a functioning power outlet If it is in a power strip make sure the power strip is turned on If it is plugged directly into the wall verify that it is not a switched outlet e Make sure you are using the correct NETGEAR power adapter supplied with your access point Troubleshooting 6 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point The Wireless LAN activity light does not light up The access point s antennae are not working If the Wireless LAN activity light stays off disconnect the adapter from its power source and then plug it in again Make sure the antennas are tightly connected to the ME103 Contact NETGEAR if the Wireless LAN activity light remains off The LAN light is not lit There is a hardware connection problem Check these items Make sure the cable connectors are securely plugged in at the access point and the network device
25. the client s port for other types of traffic The basic 802 1x protocol provides effective authentication and can offering dynamic key management using 802 1x as a delivery mechanism If configured to implement dynamic key exchange the 802 1x authentication server can return session keys to the access point along with the accept message The access point uses the session keys to build sign and encrypt an EAP key message that is sent to the client immediately after sending the success message The client can then use contents of the key message to define applicable encryption keys In typical 802 1x implementations the client can automatically change encryption keys as often as necessary to minimize the possibility of eavesdroppers having enough time to crack the key in current use It s important to note that 802 1x doesn t provide the actual authentication mechanisms When using 802 1x you need to choose an EAP type such as Transport Layer Security EAP TLS or EAP Tunneled Transport Layer Security EAP TTLS which defines how the authentication takes place The important part to know at this point is that the software supporting the specific EAP type resides on the authentication server and within the operating system or application software on the client devices The access point acts as a pass through for 802 1x messages which means that you can specify any EAP type without needing to upgrade an 802 1x compliant access point As a res
26. 03 and the RADIUS entries should use the same shared key so that the RADIUS server allows the ME103 to log in to the RADIUS server 2 Configure the ME103 802 1x Key Exchange parameters a Log in to the ME103 using the NetBIOS name printed on the bottom of the unit or at its default address of http 192 168 0 224 or at whatever IP address the unit is currently configured with Use the default user name of admin and password of password Click the Security Settings link in the main menu Advanced section to display the Advanced Security Settings menu 5 2 Advanced Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Note Perform this procedure from a LAN connected computer rather than over a wireless link This procedure will change the ME103 s data encryption settings so all wireless connections will be disconnected when you apply the settings Fill in the settings from the worksheet as illustrated above Data Encryption WEP features are not functional in this mode Key Exchange mode automatically supplies the encryption keys and changes the keys regularly at short intervals Click Apply gt Note The idle timeout on the ME103 is 10 minutes If there is no traffic for 10 minutes the 802 1x supplicant wireless client will be automatically disconnected 3 Configure the PCs on network to use the 802 1x and WEP settings you just applied to the ME103 Note At t
27. 2 1x WEP security can be compromised by a determined snoop If you require the kind of strong security that is extremely difficult to compromise use 802 1x RADIUS authentication as explained in Configuring Advanced Security 802 1x Options on page 5 1 For an explanation of 802 1x security please see Understanding 802 1x Port Based Network Access Control on page B 9 3 13 Basic Installation and Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Information to Gather Before Changing Basic Wireless Settings Before customizing your wireless settings print this form and record the following information If you are working with an existing wireless network the person who set up or is responsible for the network will be able to provide this information Otherwise you will choose the settings for your wireless network Either way record the settings for your wireless network in the spaces below e Wireless Network Name SSID The SSID identifies the wireless network You can use up to 32 alphanumeric characters The SSID is case sensitive Note The SSID in the wireless adapter card must match the SSID of the wireless access point In some configuration utilities such as in Windows XP the term wireless network name is used instead of SSID e Authentication Circle one Open System or Shared Key Authentication is unrelated to encryption of data transmissio
28. AN through an AP which then requests the identity of the user and transmits that identity to an authentication server such as RADIUS The server asks the AP for proof of identity which the AP gets from the user and then sends back to the server to complete the authentication EAP is defined by RFC 2284 ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying the wireless local area network Gateway A local device usually a router that connects hosts on a local network to other networks IP Internet Protocol is the main internetworking protocol used in the Internet Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP to form TCP IP Glossary 3 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point IP Address A four byte number uniquely defining each host on the Internet usually written in dotted decimal notation with periods separating the bytes for example 134 177 244 57 Ranges of addresses are assigned by Internic an organization formed for this purpose ISP Internet service provider Internet Protocol The main internetworking protocol used in the Internet Used in conjunction with the Transfer Control Protocol TCP to form TCP IP LAN A communications network serving users within a limited area such as one floor of a building local area network LAN A communications network serving users within a limited are
29. CL 802 1x etc verify connectivity by using a browser such as Netscape or Internet Explorer to browse the Internet or check for file and printer access on your network Note If you are unable to connect see Chapter 6 Troubleshooting 3 7 Basic Installation and Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point How to Log In to the ME103 Using Its Default NetBIOS Name The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point can be configured remotely from Microsoft Internet Explorer browser version 5 0 or above or Netscape Navigator web browser version 4 78 or above You can connect to the ME103 by using its default NetBIOS name or its default IP address The instructions for connecting using the default NetBIOS name are below The instructions for connecting using the default IP address follow this section 1 Determine the NetBIOS name of your access point To find the NetBIOS name refer to the labels on the bottom of your access point The access point NetBIOS name is on the label on the bottom of the unit and looks like NETGEAR 123456 where 123456 is the last 6 digits of the access point s MAC address Note If the computer you are using to connect to the ME103 is on a different subnet you will not be able to connect via its NetBIOS name unless there is a WINS server on you LAN 2 Open a Web browser such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator 3 Log in to the
30. Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil numerique del la classe B respect les exigences du Regalement sur le material broilleur du Canada This device comples with Class B limits of Industry of Canada Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation The device is certified to the requirements of RSS 139 1 and RSS 210 for 2 4 GHz spread spectrum devices The use of this device in a system operating either partially or completely outdoors may require the user to obtain a license for the system according to the Canadian regulations For further information contact your local Industry Canada office EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance This is to certify that the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point is shielded against the generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89 336 EEC Article 4a Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B CISPR 22 August 2003 CE Declaration of Conformity For the following equipment ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 04700 is herewith confirmed to comply with the requirements set out in the Council Directive on the Approximation of the Laws of the Member States relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility 89 336 EEC Low volt
31. Connecting multiple Access Points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further extend the wireless network coverage As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point it moves into the range of another As a result wireless clients can freely roam from one Access Point domain to another and still maintain seamless network connection Wireless Networking Basics B 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Ad Hoc Mode Peer to Peer Workgroup In an ad hoc network computers are brought together as needed thus there is no structure or fixed points to the network each node can generally communicate with any other node There is no Access Point involved in this configuration This mode enables you to quickly set up a small wireless workgroup and allows workgroup members to exchange data or share printers as supported by Microsoft networking in the various Windows operating systems Some vendors also refer to ad hoc networking as peer to peer group networking In this configuration network packets are directly sent and received by the intended transmitting and receiving stations As long as the stations are within range of one another this is the easiest and least expensive way to set up a wireless network Network Name Extended Service Set Identification ESSID The Extended Service Set Identification ESSID is one of two types of Service Set Identification SSID In an
32. L CAPS DOS file and directory names Special Message Formats This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages Note This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest gt 1 vi About This Manual August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point How to Use the HTML Version of this Manual The HTML version of this manual includes these features Contents Index Search Favorites E Chapter 1 Introduction H Chapter 2 Basic Setup J A Chapter 3 Configuration Understanding the Configuration Options w Using Configuration Profiles Connectto an Access Pointin Infrastru How to Configure an How to Configure an Infrastructure Mod e Connecting to Another PC in Ad hoc Mode Infrastructure Mode Profile oe Enabling Wireless Security Features i Appendix A Technical Specifications Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics Follow the instructions below to configure an Appendix C Preparing Your PCs for Network infrastructure mode profile for connecting to E Glossary an access point 1 Run the WG511 Configuration Utility a Make sure the WG511 software is installed and the WG511 is fully inserted in an available CardBus slot in your PC Figure 1 1 HTML version of this manual 1 Left pane Use the left pane to view the Contents Index Search and Favorites tabs To view the HTML
33. NS server address automatically Windows XP Use the following DNS server addresses Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows 2000 After you install a network card TCP IP for Windows 2000 is configured and set to DHCP without your having to configure it However if there are problems following the steps below to configure TCP IP with DHCP for Windows 2000 Click on the My Network Places icon on the Windows desktop This will bring up a window called Network and Dial up Connections e Right click on Local Area Connection and select Properties Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 9 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point The Local Area Connection Properties dialog box appears Verify that you have the correct Ethernet card selected in the Connect using box and that the following two items are displayed and selected in the box of Components checked are used by this connection e Client for Microsoft Networks and e Internet Protocol TCP IP Click OK Sornect using a NETGEAR MAI01 USB Adapter Zomponenls chec lt ed are used by tris conrecton M E Client for Microsolt Networks O File and Pinter Sharing for Micrcsofl Netwerks v Internet Protocol TCP IP Install Unnstall Propeties r Dasc iption Transmission Control P otocol Intern
34. Point ME103 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel ETHERNET 514D C Figure 2 2 ME103 rear panel Left Side Primary and Right Side Secondary Detachable Antenna The ME103 provides two detachable antenna The one on the left is the primary and the one on the right is the secondary See Understanding Advanced Wireless Settings on page 5 8 and Antenna Installation on page 5 13 for important information about configuring and positioning the antenna to best take advantage of diversity and range capabilities of the ME103 Restore to Factory Defaults Button The restore to default button located between the Ethernet RJ 45 connector and the power socket restores the ME103 to the factory default settings RJ 45 Ethernet Port Use the ME103 Ethernet RJ 45 port to connect to an Ethernet LAN through a device such as a hub switch or router Power Socket This socket connects to the ME103 power adapter Introduction 2 7 August 2003 Chapter 3 Basic Installation and Configuration This chapter describes how to set up your ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point for wireless connectivity to your LAN This basic configuration will enable computers with 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters to do such things as connect to the Internet or access printers and files on your LAN Note Indoors computers can connect over 802 11b wireless networks at ranges _ gt of several hundred feet or more This distance can allow f
35. Points in your network 3 17 Basic Installation and Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point e Automatic enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button The four key boxes will be automatically populated with key values e Manual enter ten hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F Select which of the four keys will be active See Overview of WEP Parameters on page B 5 for a full explanation of each of these options as defined by the IEEE 802 11 wireless communication standard 5 Click Apply to save your settings S Note If you use a wireless PC to configure WEP settings you will be disconnected when you click Apply Reconfigure your wireless adapter to match the new settings or access the wireless access point from a wired PC to make any further changes Using the Basic IP Settings Options The Basic IP Settings menu is under the Basic heading of the main menu Use this menu to configure DHCP static IP access point NetBIOS name WINS and SNMP settings Basic IP Settings IP Address Source Obtain an IP address automatically DHCP Client Use this IP address IP Address IP Subnet Mask Gateway Primary DNS Secondary DNS Access Point Name NetBIOS Name NETGEARO03314 Enable WINS WINS Server Name IP Address y NMP Management Enable SNMP Broadcast F
36. The Broadcast packets sent since the ME103 was last restarted The Multicast packets sent since the ME103 was last restarted The Wireless packets sent since the ME103 was last restarted The Wireless bytes sent since the ME103 was last restarted The current bandwidth used on the wireless port Click the Refresh button to update the statistics on this screen Maintenance August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Activity Log Use the Activity Log to view step by step login exchanges or other information about the wireless communications sessions on the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Information Activity Log Current time 2000 01 01 00 04 31 GMT 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 Server 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 2000 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 02 03 03 04 04 06 06 07 07 08 08 08 1 37 37 08 08 GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT GMT AP 00 00 00 00 00 oo 00 00 activated 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 Sb Sb 5b 5b 5b 5b 5b 5b 12 Lat 12 12 12 I2 l2 LZ 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 35 35 35
37. a such as one floor of a building A LAN typically connects multiple personal computers and shared network devices such as storage and printers Although many technologies exist to implement a LAN Ethernet is the most common for connecting personal computers MAC address The Media Access Control address is a unique 48 bit hardware address assigned to every network interface card Usually written in the form 01 23 45 67 89 ab Mbps Megabits per second MD5 MDS creates digital signatures using a one way hash function meaning that it takes a message and converts it into a fixed string of digits also called a message digest When using a one way hash function one can compare a calculated message digest against the message digest that is decrypted with a public key to verify that the message hasn t been tampered with This comparison is called a hashcheck MDI MDIX In cable wiring the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the PC which is wired as a Media Dependant Interface MDI In MDI wiring a PC transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub switch router or access point the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 This wiring is referred to as Media Dependant Interface Crossover MDI X See also Auto Uplink NAT A technique by which several hosts share a single IP address for access to the Internet 4 Glossary August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Ac
38. ad hoc wireless network with no access points the Basic Service Set Identification BSSID is used In an infrastructure wireless network that includes an access point the ESSID is used but may still be referred to as SSID An SSID is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying the name of the wireless local area network Some vendors refer to the SSID as network name For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other all devices must be configured with the same SSID Authentication WEP and WPA The absence of a physical connection between nodes makes the wireless links vulnerable to eavesdropping and information theft To provide a certain level of security the IEEE 802 11 standard has defined two types of authentication methods Open System and Shared Key With Open System authentication a wireless PC can join any network and receive any messages that are not encrypted With Shared Key authentication only those PCs that possess the correct authentication key can join the network By default IEEE 802 11 wireless devices operate in an Open System network Recently Wi Fi the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance hittp www wi fi net developed the Wi Fi Protected Access WPA a new strongly enhanced Wi Fi security WPA will soon be incorporated into the IEEE 802 11 standard B 2 Wireless Networking Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point
39. age Directive 73 23 EEC and the Amendment Directive 93 68 EEC the procedures given in European Council Directive 99 5 EC and 89 3360EEC The equipment was passed The test was performed according to the following European standards EN 301489 1 V1 2 1 2000 08 EN 301 489 17 V1 1 1 2000 09 EN 55022 1988 Class B EN 61000 3 2 2000 EN 6100 3 3 1995 EN 55024 1998 IEC 61000 4 5 1995 IEC 61000 4 3 1995 IEC 61000 4 4 1995 TEC 61000 4 5 1995 IEC 61000 4 6 1996 IEC 61000 4 8 1993 IEC 61000 4 11 1994 The test was carried out on February 19 2003 at Sporton International Inc Lab August 2003 August 2003 Contents Chapter 1 About This Manual PAVE A A E L E I T N E E NE E AE E EE T eau 1 v POCO snczeti enue aiea ceca ines eearti canteen aa eee ee 1 v TGF TS CONVENON stacccasctcatocoestee ninen a a EE EAE 1 vi e e ee FMT AUS A A E E E E T E 1 vi How to Use the HTML Version of this Manual sssccceecsscceesecesscsensecsscncneesssssncenensanie 1 vii How ta Prini EUS MANUE inii sccomaettad aivvaesda dasa A aAA AE 1 viil Chapter 2 Introduction About the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point cccceeseeeeeeeeeesteeeeees 2 1 Soda T E css sede R E E EE R 2 2 802 11b Standards based Wireless Networking cccccceeseeeceeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeess 2 3 Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink sessesssessssesssssssessrsssseesreessns 2 4 Compatible and Related NETGEAR Products 0
40. and the access point authenticates the station 5 The station connects to the network If the decrypted text does not match the original challenge text i e the access point and station do not share the same WEP Key then the access point will refuse to authenticate the station and the station will be unable to communicate with either the 802 11 network or Ethernet network This process is illustrated in below B 4 Wireless Networking Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 802 11b Authentication Shared Key Steps 1 Authentication ________y request sent to AP Access Point bonzessasad pt 2 lt 2 AP sends challenge text Kim s gt See _ oe Client i bene A 3 Client encrypts attempting challenge text and gig sg O to connect sends it back to AP i a 4 AP decrypts and if correct authenticates client 5 Client connects to network gt Figure 6 2 802 11 shared key authentication Overview of WEP Parameters Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption is used when the wireless devices are configured to operate in Shared Key authentication mode There are two shared key methods implemented in most commercially available products 64 bit and 128 bit WEP data encryption Before enabling WEP on an 802 11 network you must first consider what type of encryption you requi
41. ardware Description The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point front and rear hardware functions are described below Introduction 2 5 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point ME103 Wireless Access Point Front Panel The ME103 Access Point provides three status LEDs NETGEAR s1 ProSafe Wireless Access Point PWR ME103 LAN m Wireless LAN A Figure 2 1 ME103 front panel The following table explains the LED indicators LED DESCRIPTION Power Power Indicator off No power If this LED does not come on with the power adapter and cord correctly installed see Chapter 4 Troubleshooting On Power is on Blink Indicates self test loading software or system fault if continues Note This LED may blink for a minute before going on steady LAN Ethernet LAN Link Activity Indicator Off Indicates no Ethernet link detected Green On 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet link detected no activity Green Blink Indicates data traffic on the 100Mbps Ethernet LAN Amber On 10 Mbps Ethernet link detected no activity Amber Blink Indicates data traffic on the 10Mbps Ethernet LAN Wireless LAN Wireless LAN Link Activity Indicator Off Indicates no Ethernet link detected Green On Wireless link enabled no activity Green Blink Wireless link activity 2 6 Introduction August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access
42. ase the host broadcasts its physical address and a RARP server replies with the host s IP address Auto Uplink Auto Uplink technology also called MDI MDIX eliminates the need to worry about crossover vs straight through Ethernet cables Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection CA A Certificate Authority is a trusted third party organization or company that issues digital certificates used to create digital signatures and public private key pairs Cat 5 Category 5 unshielded twisted pair UTP cabling An Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits second LOBASE T will often tolerate low quality cables but at 100 Mbits second 1OBASE Tx the cable must be rated as Category 5 or Cat 5 or Cat V by the Electronic Industry Association EIA This rating will be printed on the cable jacket Cat 5 cable contains eight conductors arranged in four twisted pairs and terminated with an RJ45 type connector In addition there are restrictions on maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits second networks Certificate Authority A Certificate Authority is a trusted third party organization or company that issues digital certificates used to create digital signatures and public private key pairs The role of the CA in this process is to guarantee that the individual granted the unique certificate is in fact who he or she claims to be Usually this means that the CA has an arrangement with a financial
43. ated information associated with all network connections A central cache within the firewall keeps track of the state information associated with all network connections All traffic passing through the firewall is analyzed against the state of these connections in order to determine whether or not it will be allowed to pass through or rejected Denial of Service Attack A hacker may be able to prevent your network from operating or communicating by launching a Denial of Service DoS attack The method used for such an attack can be as simple as merely flooding your site with more requests than it can handle A more sophisticated attack may attempt to exploit some weakness in the operating system used by your router or gateway Some operating systems can be disrupted by simply sending a packet with incorrect length information Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 11 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Ethernet Cabling Although Ethernet networks originally used thick or thin coaxial cable most installations currently use unshielded twisted pair UTP cabling The UTP cable contains eight conductors arranged in four twisted pairs and terminated with an RJ45 type connector A normal straight through UTP Ethernet cable follows the EI A568B standard wiring and pinout as described in Table 6 1 Table 6 1 UTP Ethernet cable wiring straight through Pin Wire colo
44. cations rate will be used It should not be necessary to change from the default of Auto negotiate unless you notice interference problems There are times when lowering the data rate will help assure a more reliable wireless connection Parameters Use these parameters to set the radio frequency communications settings RTS Threshold The packet size used to determine whether it should use the CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection or the CSMA CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance mechanism for packet transmission This is the maximum packet size used for fragmentation Packets larger than the size programmed in this field will be fragmented The Fragment Threshold value must be larger than the RTS Threshold value Specifies the data beacon rate between 20 and 3000 A long transmit preamble may provide a more reliable connection or slightly longer range A short transmit preamble gives better performance Long is the default You can select the following options Primary R Secondary L e Diversity note that ME103 diversity is provided in receive mode only not in transmit mode The PRIMARY RF port provides transmit and receive The SECONDARY provides receive mode only Lowering the output power level lets you reduce the chance of interference with Level other nearby access points and reduces the coverage range You can set the power output level of the transmitter t
45. ccess point all using the same ID SSID form a Basic Service Set BSS Using the same SSID is essential Devices with different SSIDs are unable to communicate with each other However some access points allow connections from wireless stations which have their SSID set to any or whose SSID is blank null A group of wireless stations and multiple access points all using the same ID ESSID form an Extended Service Set ESS Different access points within an ESS can use different channels To reduce interference it is recommended that adjacent access points should use different channels As wireless stations physically move through the area covered by an ESS they will automatically change to the access point which has the least interference or best performance This capability is called roaming Understanding Basic Wireless Security Options The table below identifies the various basic wireless security options A full explanation of these standards is available in Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics Wireless Security Network Authentication Open v Data Encryption Disable x Network Key Passphrase Generate Key Key Value Key Index Figure 3 9 Basic Wireless Security options Basic Installation and Configuration 3 12 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Table 3 1 Basic Wireless Security Options Field Description Netwo
46. cess Point NetBIOS Network Basic Input Output System An application programming interface API for sharing services and information on local area networks LANs Provides for communication between stations of a network where each station is given a name These names are alphanumeric names 16 characters in length netmask Combined with the IP address the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it and which must be reached through a gateway or router A number that explains which part of an IP address comprises the network address and which part is the host address on that network It can be expressed in dotted decimal notation or as a number appended to the IP address For example a 28 bit mask starting from the MSB can be shown as 255 255 255 192 or as 28 appended to the IP address Network Address Translation A technique by which several hosts share a single IP address for access to the Internet packet A block of information sent over a network A packet typically contains a source and destination network address some protocol and length information a block of data and a checksum Point to Point Protocol PPP A protocol allowing a computer using TCP IP to connect directly to the Internet RADIUS Short for Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS is an authentication system Using RADIUS you must enter your user name and password before gaining access to a network This informat
47. click the Start button and then click Run The Run window opens 2 Type cma and then click OK A command window opens 3 Type ipconfig all Your IP Configuration information will be listed and should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 4 Type exit Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 11 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point D 12 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2003 Glossary Use the list below to find definitions for technical terms used in this manual 10BASE T IEEE 802 3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring 100BASE Tx IEEE 802 3 specification for 100 Mbps Ethernet over twisted pair wiring 802 1x 802 1x defines port based network access control used to provide authenticated network access and automated data encryption key management The IEEE 802 1x draft standard offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as dynamically varying encryption keys 802 1x uses a protocol called EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol and supports multiple authentication methods such as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public
48. dapters configurations match B 6 Wireless Networking Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point WEP Configuration Options The WEP settings must match on all 802 11 devices that are within the same wireless network as identified by the SSID In general if your mobile clients will roam between access points then all of the 802 11 access points and all of the 802 11 client adapters on the network must have the same WEP settings Note Whatever keys you enter for an AP you must also enter the same keys for the client adapter in the same order In other words WEP key 1 on the AP must match WEP key 1 on the client adapter WEP key 2 on the AP must match WEP key 2 on the client adapter etc Note The AP and the client adapters can have different default WEP Keys as long as the keys are in the same order In other words the AP can use WEP key 2 as its default key to transmit while a client adapter can use WEP key 3 as its default key to transmit The two devices will communicate as long as the AP s WEP key 2 is the same as the client s WEP key 2 and the AP s WEP key 3 is the same as the client s WEP key 3 Wireless Channels IEEE 802 11b wireless nodes communicate with each other using radio frequency signals in the ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical band between 2 4 GHz and 2 5 GHz Neighboring channels are 5 MHz apart However due to spread spectrum effect of the signal
49. devices Tip If you plan to locate the ME103 in a location where it is difficult to connect the electrical power supply consider using the NETGEAR Inc POE101 Power Over Ethernet Adapter which provides power to the ME103 through the Ethernet cable b Lift the antenna on either side so that they are vertical Note Consult the antenna positioning and wireless mode configuration information in the Advanced Configuration chapter of the Reference Manual Basic Installation and Configuration 3 6 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Figure 3 3 Connecting the Ethernet cable to a router hub or switch c Connect an Ethernet cable from your ME103 Access Point to a LAN port B on your router switch or hub Note By default ME103 is set to be a DHCP client If your network uses static IP addresses you will need to change this setting d Connect the power adapter to the wireless access point and plug the power adapter in to a power outlet The PWR LAN and Wireless LAN lights and should light up e Connect the power adapter to the wireless access point and plug the power adapter in to a power outlet The PWR LAN and Wireless LAN lights and should light up 4 VERIFY WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY Using a computer with an 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapter with the correct wireless settings needed to connect to the ME103 SSID WEP MAC A
50. e Broadcast Wireless Network Name SSID Enable Disable Wireless Separation Enable Disable Basic Rate Auto negatiate O Fixed Rate 1 Mbps 2 Mbps 5 5 Mbps 11 Mbps Parameters Disassociated Timeout 5 Minutes 1 99 RTS Threshold 2432 0 3000 Default 2432 Fragmentation Length 2346 256 2346 Default 2346 Beacon Interval 100 0 3000 Default 100 Preamble Type Long v Antenna Selection Diversity Output Power Level 18dbm 4mw Figure 5 8 Advanced Wireless Settings screen August 2003 Advanced Configuration Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Table 5 1 Advanced Wireless Settings Fields Field Operating Mode Description You can select the following options e Wireless Access Point e Point to Point Bridge e Point to Multi Point Bridge Worldwide Mode If you enable 802 11d you will have access to additional regulatory domains Broadcast Wireless Network Name SSID Wireless Separation If you disable broadcast of the SSID only devices that have the correct SSID can connect Disabling SSID broadcast nullifies the wireless network discovery feature of some products such as Windows XP Enable wireless separation avoid channel assignment interference Fragmentation Length Beacon Interval Preamble Type Antenna Selection Output Power Basic Rate This field determines which data communi
51. e or one like it e lt A 100 240 V 50 60 HZ AC power source e A Web browser for configuration such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 or above or Netscape Navigator 4 78 or above 2 4 Introduction August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point e At least one computer with the TCP IP protocol installed e 802 11b compliant devices such as the NETGEAR MA401 Wireless Adapter What s In the Box The product package should contain the following items e MEI103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point e Power adapter and cord 12Vdc 800mA e Straight through Category 5 Ethernet cable e MEI103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Quick Installation Guide e Resource CD for the ME103 ProSafe Wireless Access Point Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point this manual e Support Information card e Warranty and Registration card Contact your reseller or customer support in your area if there are any wrong missing or damaged parts You can refer to the Support Information Card for the telephone number of customer support in your area You should keep the Support Information card along with the original packing materials and use the packing materials to repack the ME103 if you need to return it for repair To qualify for product updates and product warranty registrations we encourage you to register on the NETGEAR Web site at http www NETGEAR com H
52. e PC sends the desired message using the IP address Many large organizations such as ISPs maintain their own DNS servers and allow their customers to use the servers to look up addresses Routing Protocols Two protocols routers use extensively are e Routing Information Protocol RIP e Address Resolution Protocol ARP These two protocols are introduced below RIP One of the protocols used by a router to build and maintain a picture of the network is RIP Using RIP routers periodically update one another and check for changes to add to the routing table The ME103 Access Point supports both the older RIP 1 and the newer RIP 2 protocols Among other improvements RIP 2 supports subnet and multicast protocols RIP is not required for most home applications Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 9 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point MAC Addresses and ARP An IP address alone cannot be used to deliver data from one LAN device to another To send data between LAN devices you must convert the IP address of the destination device to its media access control address MAC address Each device on an Ethernet network has a unique MAC address which is a 48 bit number assigned to each device by the manufacturer The technique that associates the IP address with a MAC address is known as address resolution Internet Protocol uses the ARP to resolve MAC addresses If a device s
53. ecord Protocol ensures that a connection is private by using symmetric data encryption and ensures that the connection is reliable The second TLS layer is the TLS Handshake Protocol which allows authentication between the server and client and the negotiation of an encryption algorithm and cryptographic keys before data is transmitted or received Based on Netscape s SSL 3 0 TLS supercedes and is an extension of SSL TLS and SSL are not interoperable UTP Unshielded twisted pair is the cable used by 1OBASE T and 1OOBASE Tx Ethernet networks WAN A long distance link used to extend or connect remotely located local area networks The Internet is a large WAN WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy is a data encryption protocol for 802 11b wireless networks All wireless nodes and access points on the network are configured with a 64 bit or 128 bit Shared Key for data encryption wide area network WAN A long distance link used to extend or connect remotely located local area networks The Internet is a large WAN Wi Fi A trade name for the 802 11b wireless networking standard given by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see http www wi fi net an industry standards group promoting interoperability among 802 11b devices Windows Internet Naming Service WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows based computer names to IP addresses If a remote network contains a WINS server your Wind
54. ected eccecceeseeeeeseeeteeeeeeeeeeeeee eee OOD cannot connect to The METOS to COMIQUIONL sinsnienrinsasisanninn When I enter a URL or IP address get a timeout error occ eeeecceteeeeeeeeetteeessteee es 6 3 Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings 0 0 0 0 cece 6 4 Appendix A Specifications Spediications for the METOS a ccsisccccetszaceienccracdnsceesalodieaiaiendeniniodecetietteemneeomaneeme Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics Wireless Networking Overview s ssssssssesssisisisereisrssrsrsrsrsrisrsrsrnererrrnensrernsnsrssesrsrerssrerene B T INES AO Moot sacna aA B 1 Ad Hoc Mode Peer t to Pe by E TAEA E ET Network Name Extended Service Set Identification n ESSID E E E Authentication WEP and WPA 802 11 Authentication i es Open System AUPEniCAUDM siidi ea i Shared Key Authentication wenen pi WEP PWamblaiS carocnidnuier iann i eaten Renee Moerman WEP Aadan Options Wireless Channels i REME AE E A Understanding 802 1x Port Based Network Access Cantal Appendix C Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics Base Ce rerengia a EO Wiha isa Pouta E E A E E E E A E A AE E AE AE E E nee Addr 7 Private IP Addresses T Single IP Address Cparation ising be NAT IP Configuration by DHCP Contents August 2003 Domain Name Server Routing Protocols cccssassrcccas TE ee Miia MAC Addresses and ARP uuu
55. ed in the following sections 4 8 Maintenance August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Saving and Retrieving the Configuration The Backup Restore Settings menu allows you to save or retrieve a file containing your wireless access point s configuration settings To save your settings click the Save button Your browser will extract the configuration file from the wireless access point and prompts you for a location on your PC to store the file You can give the file a meaningful name at this time such as operations cfg To restore your settings from a saved configuration file enter the full path to the file on your PC or click the Browse button to locate the file When you have located it click the Retrieve button to upload the file After completing the upload the ME103 will reboot automatically Restoring the ME103 to the Factory Default Settings It is sometimes desirable to restore the wireless access point to the factory default settings This can be done by using the Restore function which restores all factory settings After a restore the wireless access point s password will be password the ME103 s DHCP client is enabled the default LAN IP address is 192 168 0 224 and the NetBIOS name is reset to the name printed on the label on the bottom of the unit Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings To restore the factory default configuration settings without
56. ed to have a certificate from a certificate server such as Windows 2000 or a public service such as Verisign Advanced Configuration 5 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point With the above basic requirements 802 1x security can be implemented with the ME103 Refer to Understanding 802 1x Port Based Network Access Control on page B 9 for a description of basic 802 1x functionality How to Configure the 802 1x Key Exchange Option Follow this procedure to configure the ME103 for 802 1x Key Exchange security The sample configuration worksheet below is filled in with the parameters used in this procedure To configure your ME103 print and fill out the blank worksheet found at the end of this section and record your network configuration A blank worksheet is provided below Key Exchange Configuration Worksheet 802 1x Key Exchange Security Settings WEP Encryption Key Length 128 64 bit Note Be sure your wireless adapter has the WEP 128 64 bit encryption feature enabled RADIUS Port 1812 RADIUS Shared Key r gt T h4 amp 3 kB Network LAN IP Network Address Subnet Mask Gateway IP LAN IP Address ME103 192 168 0 2 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 1 1 Configure the RADIUS server to use the 802 1x settings in the worksheet above a Add the ME103 to the RADIUS server using either its IP address or the NetBIOS name b Set the shared key Both the ME1
57. eless Settings ding Basic Wireless Security Opt a iin E A Information to Gather Before e Hadi side less Settings ceeeeee 3 14 How to ties the Batis IP adie stain Chapter 4 Maintenance ss Access Point sds A E EEEN AN E LE E Viewing sanata Log Station and Statistical Information Te a List pf At l Upgrading the Wirele Configuration File Management Saving and Retrieving the Saia i ae Restoring the ME103 to the Factory Default Settings cccccseseee AG Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings 0 0 4 9 Changing the Administrator Password cecceeceereeeteeeeeeaetereeeeeretteeeteneetereeeeeee 4 10 Chapter 5 Advanced Configuration Configuring Advanced Security 802 1xX Options 0 0 eeeceeseeeeeeeeteeeeteeceeceeteeseesteeeeneeeeee D T Basic Requirements for 802 1x 5 How to Configure the 802 1x Key E Une pale Advanced Wirele How to Conte a MEI na asa Aiai to Paini t Bridge a area a ia pora instalation ne eee ees Blank Configuration Worksheel E LOE Chapter 6 Troubleshooting Ne lights are lii on the access GIN siccciiisiesesisanided codeine a a iv Contents August 2003 The Wireless LAN activity light does not light up jive Oe The LAN light is not lit cannot access the int rne or fiel LAN N with a wireless capable computer 6 2 l am using EAP TLS security but get disconn
58. ence Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Note that ME103 diversity is provided only in receive mode not in transmit mode The Primary RF port provides transmit and receive The Secondary RF port provides receive mode only Therefore passive components such as external antennae can be connected to either Primary or Secondary ME103 RF ports However an active device such as bi directional booster has to be used on the Primary RF port only If using one booster on each Primary and Secondary RF port the one connected to the Secondary will boost only the receive signals Blank Configuration Worksheet EAP TLS Configuration Worksheet EAP TLS 802 1x Security Settings WEP Encryption Key Length RADIUS Port RADIUS Shared Key Network LAN IP Network Address Subnet Mask Gateway IP LAN IP Address 5 14 Advanced Configuration August 2003 Chapter 6 Troubleshooting This chapter provides information about troubleshooting your ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point After each problem description instructions are given to help you diagnose and solve the problem For the common problems listed go to the section indicated e Is the ME103 on e Have I connected the wireless access point correctly Go to Installing the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point on page 3 5 e cannot remember the wireless access point s configuration password Go to Changing
59. endix describes how to prepare your PCs to connect to the Internet through the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point For adding file and print sharing to your network please consult the Windows help information included with the version of Windows installed on each computer on your network Preparing Your Computers for TCP IP Networking Computers access the Internet using a protocol called TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol Each computer on your network must have TCP IP installed and selected as its networking protocol If a Network Interface Card NIC is already installed in your PC then TCP IP is probably already installed as well Most operating systems include the software components you need for networking with TCP IP Windows 95 or later includes the software components for establishing a TCP IP network In your TCP IP network each PC and the wireless access point must be assigned a unique IP addresses Each PC must also have certain other TCP IP configuration information such as a subnet mask netmask a domain name server DNS address and a default gateway address In most cases you should install TCP IP so that the PC obtains its specific network configuration information automatically from a DHCP server during startup Configuring Windows 98 and Me for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on your PC Before starting locate your
60. ends an EAP start message This begins a series of message exchanges to authenticate the client 2 The access point replies with an EAP request identity message 3 The client sends an EAP response packet containing the identity to the authentication server 4 The authentication server uses a specific authentication algorithm to verify the client s identity This could be through the use of digital certificates or other EAP authentication type 5 The authentication server will either send an accept or reject message to the access point 6 The access point sends an EAP success packet or reject packet to the client 7 Ifthe authentication server accepts the client then the access point will transition the client s port to an authorized state and forward additional traffic B 10 Wireless Networking Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Initial 802 1x communications begin with an unauthenticated supplicant i e client device attempting to connect with an authenticator i e 802 11 access point The access point responds by enabling a port for passing only EAP packets from the client to an authentication server located on the wired side of the access point The access point blocks all other traffic such as HTTP DHCP and POP3 packets until the access point can verify the client s identity using an authentication server e g RADIUS Once authenticated the access point opens
61. ends data to another station on the network and the destination MAC address is not yet recorded ARP is used An ARP request is broadcast onto the network All stations on the network receive and read the request The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address responds to the ARP request All other stations discard the request The station with the correct IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the sending device The receiving station provides the transmitting station with the required destination MAC address The IP address data and MAC address data for each station are held in an ARP table The next time data is sent the address can be obtained from the address information in the table For more information about address assignment refer to the IETF documents RFC 1597 Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space Internet Security and Firewalls When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your network A NAT router provides some protection because by the very nature of the process the network behind the router is shielded from access by outsiders on the Internet However there are methods by which a determined hacker can possibly obtain information about your network or at the least can disrupt your Internet acces
62. es of your ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point These features can be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface Viewing General Log Station and Statistical Information The General information screen provides a summary of the current ME103 configuration settings From the main Menu of the browser interface click General to view the System Status screen shown below General Access Point Information Access Point Name NETGEARO03314 MAC Address 00 c0 02 00 33 14 Country Domain USA Firmware Version Version 3 0 Release 04 Current IP Settings IP Address 192 168 0 224 Default IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway 0 0 0 0 IP Address Source Automatic DHCP Client Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Channel 11 Operating Mode Wireless Access Point Security Settings Authentication Open Encryption Disable 802 1x Enable Figure 4 1 Wireless Access Point Status screen This screen shows the following parameters Maintenance 4 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Table 4 1 General Information Fields Field Access Point Information Access Point Name MAC Address Country Domain Firmware Version Description The default name may be changed if desired Note In 802 1x mode this name is used as the client Login name for the RADIUS server Displays the Media Access C
63. ess Access Point A 2 August 2003 Specifications Appendix B Wireless Networking Basics This chapter provides an overview of wireless networking and security Wireless Networking Overview The ME103 Access Point conforms to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11b standard for wireless LANs WLANs On an 802 11b wireless link data is encoded using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and is transmitted in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz The maximum data rate for the wireless link is 11 Mbps but it will automatically back down from 11 Mbps to 5 5 2 and 1 Mbps when the radio signal is weak or when interference is detected The 802 11 standard is also called Wireless Ethernet or Wi Fi by the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance WECA see hitp www wi fi net an industry standard group promoting interoperability among 802 11 devices The 802 11 standard offers two methods for configuring a wireless network ad hoc and infrastructure Infrastructure Mode With a wireless Access Point you can operate the wireless LAN in the infrastructure mode This mode provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage interacting with wireless nodes via an antenna In the infrastructure mode the wireless access point converts airwave data into wired Ethernet data acting as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients
64. ess that is globally unique on the Internet The internal LAN IP addresses can be either private addresses or registered addresses For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 7 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point The following figure illustrates a single IP address operation Private IP addresses assigned by user IP addresses assigned by ISP 192 168 0 2 Sader Bom Behera mo Leri Figure 6 5 Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall like protection because the internal LAN addresses are not available to the Internet through the translated connection All incoming inquiries are filtered out by the router This filtering can prevent intruders from probing your system However using port forwarding you can allow one PC for example a Web server on your local network to be accessible to outside users For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT IP Configuration by DHCP When an IP based local area network is installed each PC must be configured with an IP address If the PCs need to access the Internet they should also be configured with a gateway address and one or more DNS server addresses As an alternative to manual
65. et Protocol The defaul wide area network srotoccl that piovides communication ecross diverse intercornected networks MV Show iconin taskbar when connected With Internet Protocol TCP IP selected click on Properties to open the Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties dialogue box Verify that e Obtain an IP address automatically is selected e Obtain DNS server address automatically is selected Click OK to return to Local Area Connection Properties Click OK again to complete the configuration process Restart the PC Repeat these steps for each PC with this version of Windows on your network Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties 2x General You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings Obtain an IP address automatically C Use the following IP address IP addres me Subnet mask areal Default gateway HE ene Obtain DNS server address automatically mC Use the following DNS server addresses 2 Preferred DNS server Alternate DNS server Advanced D 10 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Verifying TCP IP Properties for Windows XP or 2000 To check your PC s TCP IP configuration 1 On the Windows taskbar
66. g the reach of the wireless network and allows users to roam from one access point to another providing seamless network connectivity Under these circumstances be aware that only the stations associated with this access point will be presented in the Station List 4 6 Maintenance August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Upgrading the Wireless Access Point Software Note When uploading software to the ME103 Access Point it is important not to ta interrupt the Web browser by closing the window clicking a link or loading a new page If the browser is interrupted the upload may fail corrupt the software and render the ME103 completely inoperable You cannot perform the firmware upgrade from a workstation connected to the ME103 via a wireless link The firmware upgrade must be performed via a workstation connected to the ME103 via the Ethernet LAN interface The software of the ME103 Access Point is stored in FLASH memory and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR Upgrade files can be downloaded from Netgear s Web site If the upgrade file is compressed ZIP file you must first extract the image IMG file before sending it to the wireless access point The upgrade file can be sent using your browser Note The Web browser used to upload new firmware into the ME103 must support HTTP uploads such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 0 or above or Netscape
67. gust 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Default Factory Settings When you first receive your ME103 the default factory settings will be set as shown below You can restore these defaults with the Factory Default Restore switch on the rear panel see ME103 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel on page 2 7 FEATURE FACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS User Name case sensitive admin Password case sensitive password Operating Mode Access Point Access Point Name NETGEARxxxxxx where xxxxxx are the last six digits of the wireless access point s MAC address DHCP DHCP client IP Configuration if DHCP server is unavailable IP Address 192 168 0 224 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway 0 0 0 0 Primary DNS Server blank Secondary DNS Server blank Network Name SSID NETGEAR Broadcast Network Name SSID Enabled 802 11b 11 Radio Frequency Channel WEP Disabled Restricting connectivity based Disabled on MAC Access Control List WEP Disabled 802 1x Disabled SNMP Disabled 3 3 Basic Installation and Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Understanding ME103 Wireless Security Options Unlike wired network data your wireless data transmissions can be received well beyond your walls by anyone with a compatible adapter For this reason use the security feat
68. he user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help RF Exposure Requirements WARNING To ensure compliance with FCC RF exposure requirements the antenna used for this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm 8 in from all persons and must not be co located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or radio transmitter Installers and end users must follow the installation instructions provided in this user guide August 2003 Radio Frequency Interference Requirements This device is restricted to indoor use due to its operation in the 2 4 GHz frequency range FCC requires this product to be used indoors in 2 4 GHz the frequency range to reduce the potential for harmful interference to co channel Mobile Satellite systems Regulatory Compliance Information This device is restricted to indoor use due to reduce the potential for harmful interference to co channel Mobile Satellite and Radar Systems Canadian Department of Communications Compliance Statement This Class B Digital apparatus ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point meets all the requirements of the
69. his time only Windows XP includes built in support for 802 1x Windows 2000 can support 802 1x with the appropriate SP4 patch There are also third party client software packages which will provide 802 1x support for a variety of Windows Macintosh Unix and Linux clients The information below is an example of one of many possible scenarios you may encounter when deploying 802 1x NETGEAR does not provide support for Windows or third party software a Using a computer connected via the Ethernet LAN obtain and install a certificate Note In this example you must perform this operation from a wired connection to the Windows 2000 certificate server A wireless connection through the ME103 will not be available until after the certificate is already recorded by the client Windows operating system Advanced Configuration 5 3 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Microsoft Certificate Services Welcome You use this web site to request a certificate for your web browser e mail client or other secure program Once you acquire a certificate you will be able to securely identify yourself to other people over the web sign your e mail messages encrypt your e mail messages and more depending upon the type of certificate you request Select a task ORetrieve the CA certificate or certificate revocation list Request a certificate OCheck on a pending certificate Figure 5 1 Req
70. igure 3 11 Basic IP Settings Menu Basic Installation and Configuration 3 18 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point e The IP Address Source The wireless access point is shipped preconfigured to use a private IP address on the LAN side and to act as a DHCP client If the wireless access point does not find a DHCP server on the Ethernet LAN it defaults to this IP configuration IP Address 192 168 0 224 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Gateway 0 0 0 0 Primary DNS blank Secondary DNS blank If your network has a requirement to use a different IP addressing scheme you can make those changes in this menu These settings are only required if the Use this IP address radio button is chosen Remember to click Apply to save your changes e Access Point Name NetBIOS Enter a new name for the wireless access point and click Apply to save your changes e Enable EWINS This allows your wirelessly connected PCs to browse the remote network using the Windows Network Neighborhood feature Select this check box enter the WINS Server name or IP address and click Apply to save your changes e SNMP Management This allows your take advantage of the management features supported in the ME103 MIBs 3 19 Basic Installation and Configuration August 2003 Chapter 4 Maintenance This chapter describes how to use the management featur
71. ing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the organization Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting To create more network numbers you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address For instance to partition a Class C network number 192 68 135 0 into two you shift one bit from the host address to the network address The new netmask or subnet mask is 255 255 255 128 The first subnet has network number 192 68 135 0 with hosts 192 68 135 1 to 129 68 135 126 and the second subnet has network number 192 68 135 128 with hosts 192 68 135 129 to 192 68 135 254 S Note The number 192 68 135 127 is not assigned because it is the broadcast address lt of the first subnet The number 192 68 135 128 is not assigned because it is the network address of the second subnet Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 5 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point The following table lists the additional subnet mask bits in dotted decimal notation To use the table write down the original class netmask and replace the 0 value octets with the dotted decimal value of the additional subnet bits For example to partition your Class C
72. institution such as a credit card company which provides it with information to confirm an individual s claimed identity CAs are a critical component in data security and electronic commerce because they guarantee that the two parties exchanging information are really who they claim to be DHCP An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration information to multiple DHCP clients The assigned information includes IP addresses DNS addresses and gateway router addresses DMZ Specifying a Default DMZ Server allows you to set up a computer or server that is available to anyone on the Internet for services that you haven t defined There are security issues with doing this so only do this if you ll willing to risk open access DNS Short for Domain Name System or Service an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses 2 Glossary August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Because domain names are alphabetic they re easier to remember The Internet however is really based on IP addresses Every time you use a domain name therefore a DNS service must translate the name into the corresponding IP address For example the domain name www example com might translate to 198 105 232 4 The DNS system is in fact its own network If one DNS server doesn t know how to translate a particular domain name it asks another one and so
73. ion is passed to a RADIUS server which checks that the information is correct and then authorizes access Though not an official standard the RADIUS specification is maintained by a working group of the IETF RIP A protocol in which routers periodically exchange information with one another so that they can determine minimum distance paths between sources and destinations router A device that forwards data between networks An IP router forwards data based on IP source and destination addresses SSID A Service Set Identification is a thirty two character maximum alphanumeric key identifying a wireless local area network For the wireless devices in a network to communicate with each other all devices must be configured with the same SSID Glossary 5 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point This is typically the configuration parameter for a wireless PC card It corresponds to the ESSID in the wireless Access Point and to the wireless network name See also Wireless Network Name and ESSID Subnet Mask Combined with the IP address the IP Subnet Mask allows a device to know which other addresses are local to it and which must be reached through a gateway or router TLS Short for Transport Layer Security TLS is a protocol that guarantees privacy and data integrity between client server applications communicating over the Internet The TLS protocol is made up of two layers The TLS R
74. ireless PC and you change the SSID channel or security settings you will lose your wireless connection when you click Apply You must then change the wireless settings of your PC to match the new settings Configure and test your PCs for wireless connectivity Program the wireless adapter of your PCs to have the same SSID and channel that you configured in the ME103 Check that they have a wireless link and are able to obtain an IP address by DHCP from the ME103 Once your PCs have basic wireless connectivity to the ME103 you can configure the advanced wireless security functions 3 15 Basic Installation and Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point How to Restrict Wireless Access by MAC Address To restrict access based on MAC addresses follow these steps 1 Log in to the ME103 using the MDI MDIX name printed on the bottom of the unit or at its default address of http 192 168 0 224 or at whatever IP address the unit is currently configured Use the default user name of admin and default password of password or whatever LAN address and password you have set up Note When configuring the ME103 from a wireless PC whose MAC address is not in _ gt the access control list if you select Turn Access Control On you will lose your wireless connection when you click Apply You must then access the wireless access point from a wired PC or from a wireless PC which is
75. ireless networks is 25 MHz 5 channels This means that you can apply up to three different channels within your wireless network There are only 11 usable wireless channels in the United States It is recommended that you start using channel 1 and grow to use channel 6 and 11 when necessary as these three channels do not overlap August 2003 Wireless Networking Basics Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Understanding 802 1x Port Based Network Access Control 802 1x is well on its way to becoming an industry standard and provides an effective wireless LAN security solution Windows XP implements 802 1x natively and the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point supports 802 1x The 802 111 committee is specifying the use of 802 1x to eventually become part of the 802 11 standard With 802 11b WEP all access points and client wireless adapters on a particular wireless LAN must use the same encryption key Each sending station encrypts data with a WEP key before transmission and the receiving station decrypts it using an identical key This process reduces the risk of someone passively monitoring the transmission and gaining access to the data transmitted over the wireless connections However a major problem with the 802 11 standard is that the keys are cumbersome to change If you don t update the WEP keys often an unauthorized person with a sniffing tool can monitor your network for less tha
76. is usually written in dot notation also called dotted decimal notation in which each group of eight bits is written in decimal form separated by decimal points For example the following binary address 11000011 00100010 00001100 00000111 is normally written as 195 34 12 7 The latter version is easier to remember and easier to enter into your computer In addition the 32 bits of the address are subdivided into two parts The first part of the address identifies the network and the second part identifies the host node or station on the network The dividing point may vary depending on the address range and the application There are five standard classes of IP addresses These address classes have different ways of determining the network and host sections of the address allowing for different numbers of hosts on a network Each address type begins with a unique bit pattern which is used by the TCP IP software to identify the address class After the address class has been determined the software can correctly identify the host section of the address The follow figure shows the three main address classes including network and host sections of the address for each address type C 2 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Class A Network Node Class B Network Node Class C Netwo
77. key authentication For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 802 11b IEEE specification for wireless networking at 11 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz 802 119 A soon to be ratified IEEE specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps using direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS technology and operating in the unlicensed radio spectrum at 2 5GHz 802 11g is backwards compatible with 802 11b ADSL Short for asymmetric digital subscriber line a technology that allows data to be sent over existing copper telephone lines at data rates of from 1 5 to 9 Mbps when receiving data known as the downstream rate and from 16 to 640 Kbps when sending data known as the upstream rate ADSL requires a special ADSL modem ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world gain access ARP Address Resolution Protocol a TCP IP protocol used to convert an IP address into a physical address called a DLC address such as an Ethernet address A host wishing to obtain a physical address broadcasts an ARP request onto the TCP IP network The host on the network that has the IP address in the request then replies with its physical hardware address There is Glossary 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point also Reverse ARP RARP which can be used by a host to discover its IP address In this c
78. knowing the login password or IP address you must use the Default Reset button on the rear panel of the wireless access point see ME103 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel on page 2 7 The reset button has two functions e Reboot When pressed and released the Wireless Access Point will reboot restart e Reset to Factory Defaults This button can also be used to clear all data and restore all settings to the factory default values To clear all data and restore the factory default values 1 Power Off the ME103 2 Hold the Reset Button down while you Power On the ME103 3 Continue holding the Reset Button until the LEDs blink twice 4 Release the Reset Button The factory default configuration has now been restored and the ME103 is ready for use Maintenance 4 9 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Changing the Administrator Password The default password is password Change this password to a more secure password You cannot change the administrator login name From the main menu of the browser interface under the Management heading click Change Password to bring up the menu shown below Management Change Password Enter Current Password Enter New Password Enter New Password again Figure 4 7 Set Password menu To change the password first enter the old password and then enter the new password twice Click Apply to save your change 4 10 Maintenance
79. le antennae Simply turn the ME103 off unscrew the two antenna and screw on the new ones Be sure to use antenna with a reversed SMA connector Another solution is to relocate the antenna e with an RF cable to an optimal spot such as a ceiling high on a wall etc One typical application is to locate the ME103 is in a secure location like a data center Two external antenna are placed outside the room for example on the ceiling and connected with RF cables to the ME103 Another application is two external directional antennae one pointing to one side of the building and the other to the other side Be aware of the loss in the cable If the cable is too long and used with a medium gain antenna the gain from placing the antenna in good spot may be reduced or eliminated Only high gain antenna more than 10dBi should be used with a long cable such as 5 or 10m To cope with this inherent limitation NETGEAR also provides bi directional booster This component amplifies the RF signal in transmit mode and in receive mode It automatically switches itself to the receive or transmit mode The booster is placed very close to the antenna and provides an outstanding output RF power of 500mW or 27dBm It also includes a low noise amplifier for the receive path of 10dB gain minimum The antenna and booster can be connected with a cable as long as 10 to 15m from the ME103 without any performance reduction Advanced Configuration 5 13 August 2003 Refer
80. n a day and decode the encrypted messages In order to use different keys you must manually configure each access point and wireless adapter with new keys Products based on the 802 11 standard alone offer system administrators no effective method to update the keys This might not be too much of concern with a few users but the job of renewing keys on larger networks can be a monumental task As a result companies either don t use WEP at all or maintain the same keys for weeks months and even years Both cases significantly heighten the wireless LAN s vulnerability to eavesdroppers IEEE 802 1x offers an effective framework for authenticating and controlling user traffic to a protected network as well as dynamically varying encryption keys 802 1x ties a protocol called EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol to both the wired and wireless LAN media and supports multiple authentication methods such as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates and public key authentication For details on EAP specifically refer to IETF s RFC 2284 Wireless Networking Basics B 9 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point B ANM W q supptcant 1 Authenticator Authenticating Server Identity Identity Request Credentials Request Credentials Credentials Credentials gt Authentication Key Uncontrolled Port LAN Resources Controlled Port 1 The client s
81. nction of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point What is a Router A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router In these routing tables a router builds up a logical picture of the overall network by gathering and exchanging information with other routers in the network Using this information the router chooses the best path for forwarding network traffic Routers vary in performance and scale number of routing protocols supported and types of physical WAN connection they support The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point is a small office router that routes the IP protocol over a single user broadband connection IP Addresses and the Internet Because TCP IP networks are interconnected across the world every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA Individual users and small organizations may obtain their addresses either from the ANA or from an Internet service provider ISP You can contact IANA at www iana org The Internet Protocol IP uses a 32 bit address structure The address
82. nd re insert it to start the authentication again 4 View the ME103 log and check the connection To check the connection you can initiate a request from a wireless device to the network Use the ME103 Activity Log to monitor the initiation of the 802 1x wireless session Advanced Configuration 5 5 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Information Activity Log Current time 2000 01 01 00 04 31 GMT 2000 01 01 00 00 04 GMT AP activated 2000 01 01 00 00 04 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 disassociated 2000 01 01 00 00 06 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 authenticated 2000 01 01 00 00 06 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 associated 2000 01 01 00 00 07 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 disauthenticated 2000 01 01 00 00 07 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 disauthenticated 2000 01 01 00 00 08 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 authenticated 2000 01 01 00 00 08 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 associated 2000 01 01 00 00 08 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 authentication failed RADIUS Server 2000 01 01 00 00 17 GMT connected to RADIUS server 2000 01 01 00 02 37 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 authenticated 2000 01 01 00 02 37 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 associated 2000 01 01 00 03 08 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 802 1X authentication 2000 01 01 00 03 08 GMT 00 09 5b 12 40 35 dynamic key generated xl _Refresh _ Clear Log Figure 5 5 Information Activity Log for starting a 802 1x wireless connection The simplest method is to ping the LAN IP addres
83. neral Support Connection Status Connected Duration 02 55 48 Speed 11 0 Mbps Signal Strength Folli Activity Received Packets 3 966 Properties General Wireless Networks Advanced Connect using B9 NETGEAR MA401 Wireless PC Card 2 The TCP IP details are presented on the S upport tab page s This connection uses the following tems Client for Microsoft Networks e Select Internet Protocol and click v rf and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks e 4 QoS Packet Scheduler Properties to view the configuration Z F Internet Protocol TCP IP information Install Uninstall Properties Description Allows your computer to access resources on a Microsoft net Z Show icon in notification area when connected D 8 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Verify that Obtain an IP address Internet Protocol TCP IP Properties Uf General Alternate Configuration You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings automatically radio button is selected and that the Obtain DNS server address bee an IE siers Suomala Use the following IP address automatically radio button is selected e Click the OK button This completes the DHCP configuration in Obtain D
84. ns Shared Key provides more network access security Note If you select Shared Key the other devices in the network will not connect unless they are set to Shared Key as well and are configured with the correct key e WEP Encryption key size Choose one 64 bit or 128 bit 128 bit provides stronger data security Again the encryption key size must be the same for the wireless adapters and the wireless access point e Data Encryption WEP Keys There are two methods for creating WEP data encryption keys Whichever method you use record the key values in the spaces below Passphrase method These characters are case sensitive Enter a word or group of printable characters When you enter the Passphrase and click the Generate Key button on the ME103 the keys will be generated Manual method These values are not case sensitive For 64 bit WEP enter 10 hex digits any combination of 0 9 or a f For 128 bit WEP enter 26 hex digits Key 1 Key 2 Key 3 Key 4 Use the procedures described in the following sections to configure the ME103 Store this information in a safe place Basic Installation and Configuration 3 14 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point How to Set Up and Test Basic Wireless Connectivity Follow the instructions below to set up and test basic wireless connectivity Once you have established basic wireless connectivity you can enable security setting
85. nt Bridge mode Advanced Configuration 5 11 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point All APs must be on the same LAN That is all the APs LAN IP address must be in the same network If using DHCP all ME103 Access Points should be set to Obtain an IP address automatically DHCP Client in the IP Address Source portion of the Basic IP Settings menu All ME103 Access Points use the same SSID Channel authentication mode if any and encryption in use All Point to Point APs must have AP2 s MAC address in its Remote AP MAC address field 3 Verify connectivity across the LANs A PC on any LAN segment should be able to connect to the Internet or share files and printers with any other PCs or servers connected to any of the three LAN segments Wireless stations will not be able to connect to the ME103 Access Points in the illustration above If you require warless stations to access any lan segment you can additional ME103 Access Points configured in Wireless Access Point mode to any LAN segment Note You can extend this multi point bridging by adding additional ME103s configured in Point to Point mode for each additional LAN segment Furthermore you can extend the range of the wireless network with NETGEAR wireless antenna accessories Advanced Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Antenna Installation
86. nual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 4 Verify connectivity across the LAN 1 and LAN 2 e APC on either LAN segment should be able to connect to the Internet or share files and printers of any other PCs or servers connected to LAN Segment 1 or LAN Segment 2 How to Configure Multi Point Wireless Bridging ME103 in Point to Point ME103 in Point to Point Bridge Mode Bridge Mode Hub or Switch Router N Master ME103 in DP S Point to Multi Point H o 192 168 0 1 Bridge Mode CJC ial J LAN LAN Hub or Switch Segment 3 Segment 1 LAN gg Segment 2 Figure 5 10 Multi Point bridging 1 Configure the Operating Mode of the ME103 Access Points MEI103 API on LAN Segment 1 in Point to Point Bridge mode with the Remote MAC Address of AP2 Because it is in the central location configure ME103 AP2 on LAN Segment 2 in Point to Multi Point Bridge mode No MAC address is required because it will respond to Point to Point APs which are configured communicating to it Configure the ME103 AP3 on LAN 3 in Point to Point Bridge mode with the Remote MAC Address of AP2 2 Verify the following parameters for all access points e Verify that the LAN network configuration the ME103 Access Points are configured to operate in the same LAN network address range as the LAN devices e Only one AP is configured in Point to Multi Point Bridge mode and all the others are in Point to Poi
87. o these options 18dbm 64mw 17dbm 50mw 15dbm 30mw 13dom 20mw 7dom 5mw Odbm 1mw Advanced Configuration 5 9 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Configuring Wireless Operating Modes The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point lets you build large bridged wireless networks Examples of wireless bridged configurations are e Client Access Point to Access Point e Point to Point Bridge e Multi point bridging These features are discussed below How to Configure a ME103 as a Point to Point Bridge ME103 in Point to Point Bridge Mode ME103 in Point to Point Bridge Mode INTERNET a ga Lan A o Segment 2 egmen Figure 5 9 Point to Point Bridge Configure the ME103 AP1 on LAN Segment 1 in Point to Point Bridge mode 2 Configure the ME103 AP2 on LAN Segment 2 in Point to Point Bridge mode AP1 must have AP2 s MAC address in its Remote MAC Address field and AP2 must have AP1 s MAC address in its Remote MAC Address field 3 Configure and verify the following parameters for both access points e Verify that the LAN network configuration of the ME103 Access Points both are configured to operate in the same LAN network address range as the LAN devices e Both use the same ESSID Channel authentication mode if any and security settings if security is in use 5 10 Advanced Configuration August 2003 Reference Ma
88. oSafe Wireless Access Point The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point is the basic building block of a wireless LAN infrastructure It provides connectivity between Ethernet wired networks and radio equipped wireless notebook systems desktop systems print servers and other devices The ME103 provides wireless connectivity to multiple wireless network devices within a fixed range or area of coverage interacting with a wireless network interface card NIC via an antenna Typically an individual in building access point provides a maximum connectivity area with about a 300 foot radius The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point can support a small group of users in a range of several hundred feet Most access points are rated between 30 70 users simultaneously The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point acts as a bridge between the wired LAN and wireless clients Connecting multiple ME103 Access Points via a wired Ethernet backbone can further lengthen the wireless network coverage As a mobile computing device moves out of the range of one access point it moves into the range of another As a result wireless clients can freely roam from one Access Point to another and still maintain seamless connection to the network The auto sensing capability of the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point allows packet transmission at up to 11Mbps or at reduced speeds to compensate for distance or electromagnetic noise interference
89. on until the correct IP address is returned Domain Name A descriptive name for an address or group of addresses on the Internet Domain names are of the form of a registered entity name plus one of a number of predefined top level suffixes such as com edu uk etc For example in the address mail NETGEAR com mail is a server name and NETGEAR com is the domain DSL Short for digital subscriber line but is commonly used in reference to the asymmetric version of this technology ADSL that allows data to be sent over existing copper telephone lines at data rates of from 1 5 to 9 Mbps when receiving data known as the downstream rate and from 16 to 640 Kbps when sending data known as the upstream rate ADSL requires a special ADSL modem ADSL is growing in popularity as more areas around the world gain access Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP An Ethernet protocol specifying how a centralized DHCP server can assign network configuration information to multiple DHCP clients The assigned information includes IP addresses DNS addresses and gateway router addresses EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol is a general protocol for authentication that supports multiple authentication methods EAP an extension to PPP supports such authentication methods as token cards Kerberos one time passwords certificates public key authentication and smart cards In wireless communications using EAP a user requests connection to a WL
90. onnector to the other C 12 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point The ME103 Access Point incorporates Auto Uplink technology also called MDI MDIX The Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection e g connecting to a PC or an uplink connection e g connecting to a router switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection Cable Quality A twisted pair Ethernet network operating at 10 Mbits second 1OBASE T will often tolerate low quality cables but at 100 Mbits second LOBASE Tx the cable must be rated as Category 5 or Cat 5 or Cat V by the Electronic Industry Association EIA This rating will be printed on the cable jacket A Category 5 cable will meet specified requirements regarding loss and crosstalk In addition there are restrictions on maximum cable length for both 10 and 100 Mbits second networks Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 13 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point C 14 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics August 2003 Appendix D Preparing Your PCs for Network Access This app
91. ons For best results place your wireless access point Near the center of the area in which your PCs will operate In an elevated location such as a high shelf where the wirelessly connected PCs have line of sight access even if through walls Away from sources of interference such as PCs microwaves and 2 4 GHz cordless phones Away from large metal surfaces If using multiple access points it is better if adjacent access points use different radio frequency Channels to reduce interference The recommended Channel spacing between adjacent access points is 5 Channels for example use Channels 1 and 6 or 6 and 11 The time it takes to establish a wireless connection can vary depending on both your security settings and placement WEP connections can take slightly longer to establish Also WEP encryption can consume more battery power on a notebook PC Cabling Requirements The ME103 Access Point connects to your LAN via twisted pair Category 5 Ethernet cable with RJ 45 connectors Note The power adapter and cord shipped with the ME103 limits the distance from an gt AC outlet To overcome this consider using NETGEAR s POE101 Power Over Ethernet Adapter with a Cat 5 Ethernet cable like the one included with your ME103 This adapter sends DC power through an Ethernet cable to enable you to power an access point in a remote location up to 328 feet away Basic Installation and Configuration 3 2 Au
92. ontrol address MAC address of the wireless access point s Ethernet port Displays the domain or region for which the wireless access point is licensed for use It may not be legal to operate this wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field The version of the firmware currently installed Current IP Settings IP Address Subnet Mask Gateway IP Address Source These parameters apply to the Local ME103 firewall The IP address of the wireless access point The subnet mask for the wireless access point The default gateway for the wireless access point communication Automatic DHCP client indicates that the current IP address was obtained from a DHCP server on your network Wireless Settings Wireless Network Name SSID Channel Operating Mode These parameters apply to the target remote ME103 firewall VPN gateway or VPN client Displays the wireless network name SSID being used by the wireless port of the wireless access point The default is NETGEAR Identifies the channel the wireless port is using 11 is the default channel setting See Wireless Channels on page B 7 for the frequencies used on each channel Identifies the operating mode of the ME103 Security Settings Authentication WEP or 802 1x authentication setting Encryption The current WEP or 802 1x encryption setting 802 1x The current 802 1x setting 4 2 Maintenance
93. ontrol list Alternatively you can produce a list in a text file where each line is a single MAC address For example the MAC address is 00 12 34 aa bb cc can be typed in the following formats e 001234aabbcc e 00 12 34 aa bb cc e 00 12 34 aa bb cc e 00 12 34 aa bb cc Only one MAC address per line is allowed The valid characters are 0 to 9 and a b c d e and f The valid separators are those shown above An invalid character will cause the line to be ignored Click Add to add the wireless device to the access list Repeat these steps for each additional device you want to add to the list Be sure to click Apply to save your wireless access control list settings Now only devices on this list will be allowed to wirelessly connect to the ME103 How to Configure WEP To configure WEP data encryption follow these steps 1 Log in to the ME103 using the NetBIOS name printed on the bottom of the unit or at its default address of http 192 168 0 224 or at whatever IP address the unit is currently configured Use the default user name of admin and default password of password or whatever LAN address and password you have set up 2 Click the Wireless Settings link in the Basic section of the main menu of the ME103 3 From the Wireless Settings menu drop down list select 64 or 128 bit encryption 4 You can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys These values must be identical on all PCs and Access
94. or others outside your area to access your network It is important to take appropriate steps to secure your network from unauthorized access The ME103 Access Point provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in Chapter 3 Configuring Your Wireless Network Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs You need to prepare these three things before you can establish a connection through your wireless access point e A location for the ME103 that conforms to the Observing Placement and Range Guidelines below e The wireless access point connected to your LAN through a device such as a hub switch router or Cable DSL gateway e One or more computers with properly configured 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters Observing Placement and Range Guidelines The operating distance or range of your wireless connection can vary significantly based on the physical placement of the wireless access point The latency data throughput performance and notebook power consumption of wireless adapters also vary depending on your configuration choices Basic Installation and Configuration 3 1 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point gt Note Failure to follow these guidelines can result in significant performance degradation or inability to wirelessly connect to the ME103 For complete performance specifications see Appendix A Specificati
95. ork The LAN interface is autosensing and capable of full duplex or half duplex operation The wireless access point incorporates Auto Uplink technology The Ethernet port will automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a normal connection such as to a PC or an uplink connection such as to a switch or hub That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration This feature also eliminates any concerns about crossover cables as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection Compatible and Related NETGEAR Products For a list of compatible products from other manufacturers see the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance Web site WECA see http www wi fi net The following NETGEAR products work with the ME103 Access Point e POEI101 Power Over Ethernet Adapter e WABS501 a b Dual Band Wireless PC Card Adapter e MA401 802 11b Wireless PC Card e WG511 802 11g Wireless CardBus Adapter e MAII11 801 11b Wireless Bridge e MAI101 802 11b Wireless USB Adapter e ME102 802 11b Wireless Access Point e MA311 802 11b Wireless PCI Adapter e MA701 802 11b Wireless Compact Flash Card System Requirements Before installing the ME103 make sure your system meets these requirements e A 10 100 Mbps Local Area Network device such as a hub or switch e The Category 5 UTP straight through Ethernet cable with RJ 45 connector included in the packag
96. our needs e A How To Sequence of Steps in the HTML View Use the Print button on the upper right of the toolbar to print the currently displayed topic Using this button when a step by step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages e A Chapter Use the PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page Click PDF of This Chapter link at the top right of any page in the chapter you want to print A new browser window opens showing the PDF version of the chapter you were viewing Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper an printer ink by selecting this feature e The Full Manual Use the PDF button in the toolbar at the top right of the browser window Click PDF button A new browser window opens showing the PDF version of the chapter you were viewing Click the print icon in the upper left of the window Tip If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper you can save paper an printer ink by selecting this feature 1 viil About This Manual August 2003 Chapter 2 Introduction This chapter introduces the NETGEAR ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Minimal prerequisites for installation are presented in System Requirements on page 2 5 About the ME103 802 11b Pr
97. ovides solid functionality including these features Multiple Operating Modes Wireless Access Point Operates as a standard 802 11b or 802 11x Access Point Point to Point Bridge In this mode the ME103 only communicates with another bridge mode wireless station You must enter the MAC address physical address of the other bridge mode wireless station in the field provided WEP should be used to protect this communication Point to Multi Point Bridge Select this only if this ME103 is the Master for a group of bridge mode wireless stations The other bridge mode wireless stations must be set to Point to Point Bridge mode using this ME103 s MAC address They then send all traffic to this Master rather than communicate directly with each other WEP should be used to protect this traffic 2 2 Introduction August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Upgradeable Firmware Firmware is stored in a flash memory and can be upgraded easily using only your Web browser and can be upgraded remotely Access Control The Access Control MAC address filtering feature can ensure that only trusted wireless stations can use the ME103 to gain access to your LAN Simple Configuration If the default settings are unsuitable they are easy to change Hidden Mode The SSID is not broadcast assuring only clients configured with the correct SSID can connect Configuration Backup Configu
98. ows PCs can gather information from that WINS server about its local hosts This allows your PCs to browse that remote network using the Windows Network Neighborhood feature 6 Glossary August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point WINS WINS Windows Internet Naming Service is a server process for resolving Windows based computer names to IP addresses Wireless Network Name SSID Wireless Network Name SSID is the name assigned to a wireless network This is the same as the SSID or ESSID configuration parameter Glossary 7 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 8 Glossary August 2003 Numerics 802 11b B 1 A Address Resolution Protocol B 10 ad hoc mode B 2 associated devices 4 6 Auto MDI MDI X B 13 D 2 Auto Uplink 2 4 B 13 D 2 Basic IP Settings Menu 3 18 Basic Wireless Connectivity 3 15 Basic Wireless Settings 3 11 3 12 BSSID B 2 C CA 5 4 cables pinout B 12 Cabling B 12 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance 5 9 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection 5 9 Cat5 cable B 13 D 2 Certificate Authority 5 4 configuration erasing 4 9 restore 4 8 conventions typography 1 v l vi Country Domain 3 11 crossover cable 2 4 B 12 B 13 D 2 CSMA CA 5 9 CSMA CD 5 9 D denial of service attack B 11 Index Index DHCP B 8 domain name server DNS B 9 DoS attack B 11
99. password Figure 3 7 Login window Log in use the default user name of admin and default password of password Once you have entered your access point name your Web browser should automatically find the ME103 Access Point and display the home page as shown in Login result ME103 home page on page 3 9 Basic Installation and Configuration 3 10 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Understanding Basic Wireless Settings To configure the wireless settings of your wireless access point click the Wireless Settings link in the Basic section of the main menu of the browser interface The Basic Wireless Settings menu will appear as shown below Basic Wireless Settings Country Domain USA v Channel No m B Current Channel No 11 Wireless Network Name SSID NETGEAR Figure 3 8 Basic Wireless Settings menu The Basic Wireless Settings menu options are discussed below Country Domain This field identifies the region where the ME103 can be used It may not be legal to operate the wireless features of the wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field There is no default country domain and the channel is set to 11 Unless a country domain is selected the channel cannot be changed Channel This field identifies which operating frequency will be used It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interfe
100. r PCs TCP IP settings are correct If using a Fixed Static IP Address check the Subnet Mask Default Gateway DNS and IP Addresses Troubleshooting 6 3 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point e If the PCs are configured correctly but still not working ensure that the ME103 is connected and turned on Connect to it and check its settings If you cannot connect to it check the LAN and power connections e Ifthe ME103 is configured correctly check your Internet connection DSL Cable modem etc to make sure that it is working correctly Using the Reset Button to Restore Factory Default Settings The Reset button see ME103 Wireless Access Point Rear Panel on page 2 7 has two functions e Reboot When pressed and released quickly the ME103 will reboot restart e Reset to Factory Defaults This button can also be used to clear ALL data and restore ALL settings to the factory default values To clear all data and restore the factory default values 1 Power off the ME103 and power it back on 2 Use something with a small point such as a pen to press the Reset button in and hold it in for at least 5 seconds 3 Release the Reset button The factory default configuration has now been restored and the ME103 is ready for use 6 4 Troubleshooting August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Appendix A Specifications This
101. r Signal 1 Orange White Transmit Tx 2 Orange Transmit Tx 3 Green White Receive Rx 4 Blue 5 Blue White 6 Green Receive Rx 7 Brown White 8 Brown Uplink Switches Crossover Cables and MDI MDIX Switching In the wiring table above the concept of transmit and receive are from the perspective of the PC which is wired as Media Dependant Interface MDI In this wiring the PC transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 This wiring is referred to as Media Dependant Interface Crossover MDI X When connecting a PC to a PC or a hub port to another hub port the transmit pair must be exchanged with the receive pair This exchange is done by one of two mechanisms Most hubs provide an Uplink switch which will exchange the pairs on one port allowing that port to be connected to another hub using a normal Ethernet cable The second method is to use a crossover cable which is a special cable in which the transmit and receive pairs are exchanged at one of the two cable connectors Crossover cables are often unmarked as such and must be identified by comparing the two connectors Since the cable connectors are clear plastic it is easy to place them side by side and view the order of the wire colors on each On a straight through cable the color order will be the same on both connectors On a crossover cable the orange and blue pairs will be exchanged from one c
102. r multiple personal computers to the Internet through an external broadband access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem Audience This reference manual assumes that the reader has basic to intermediate computer and Internet skills However basic computer network Internet firewall and VPN technologies tutorial information is provided in the Appendices on the Resource CD for the ME103 ProSafe Wireless Access Point and on the Netgear website Scope This manual is written for the ME103 Access Point according to these specifications Table 1 1 Manual Specifications Product Version ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Product Final Assembly Number Firmware Version Number Version 3 0 Release 16 Manual Part Number Manual Publication Date August 2003 Note Product updates are available on the NETGEAR web site at gt www netgear com support main asp Documentation updates are available on the NETGEAR Inc web site at www netgear com docs About This Manual 1 v August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Typographical Conventions This guide uses the following typographical conventions Table 1 Typographical conventions italics Emphasis bold times roman User input Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets The notation Enter Enter is used for the Enter key and the Return key SMAL
103. ration settings can be backed up to a file and restored Supports Diversity Dual removable external antennas support diversity Secure and Economical Operation Adjustable power output allows more secure or economical operation Automatic Date and Time Updates Date and time can be automatically updated from Internet time servers Autosensing Ethernet Connection with Auto Uplink Interface Connects to 10 100 Mbps IEEE 802 3 Ethernet networks LED Indicators Power and wireless activity are easily identified 802 11b Standards based Wireless Networking The ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point provides a bridge between Ethernet wired LANs and 802 11b compatible wireless LAN networks It provides connectivity between Ethernet wired networks and radio equipped wireless notebook systems desktop systems print servers and other devices Additionally the ME103 supports the following wireless features Distributed coordinated function CSMA CA Back off procedure ACK procedure retransmission of unacknowledged frames RTS CTS handshake Beacon generation Packet fragmentation and reassembly Authentication Algorithms Open System Shared Key 802 1x Short or long preamble Roaming among access points on the same subnet Introduction 2 3 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink The ME103 can connect to a standard Ethernet netw
104. re and the key size you want to use Typically there are three WEP Encryption options available for 802 11 products 1 Do Not Use WEP The 802 11 network does not encrypt data For authentication purposes the network uses Open System Authentication 2 Use WEP for Encryption A transmitting 802 11 device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving 802 11b device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the 802 11b network uses Open System Authentication 3 Use WEP for Authentication and Encryption A transmitting 802 11 device encrypts the data portion of every packet it sends using a configured WEP Key The receiving 802 11 device decrypts the data using the same WEP Key For authentication purposes the 802 11 network uses Shared Key Authentication Wireless Networking Basics B 5 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Note Some 802 11 access points also support Use WEP for Authentication Only Shared Key Authentication without data encryption However the ME103 does not offer this option Key Size The IEEE 802 11 standard supports two types of WEP encryption 40 bit and 128 bit The 64 bit WEP data encryption method allows for a five character 40 bit input Additionally 24 factory set bits are added to the forty bit input to generate a 64 bit encryption key The 24 factory set bits are not user config
105. rence problems or setting up the ME103 near another access point See Wireless Channels on page B 7 for more information on wireless channels Access points use a fixed channel You can select the channel used This allows you to choose a channel which provides the least interference and best performance In the USA and Canada 11 channels are available Ifusing multiple access points it is better if adjacent access points use different channels to reduce interference The recommended channel spacing between adjacent access points is 5 channels for example use channels 1 and 6 or 6 and 11 In Infrastructure mode wireless stations normally scan all channels looking for an access point If more than one access point can be used the one with the strongest signal is used This can only happen when the various access points are using the same SSID 3 11 Basic Installation and Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point e Wireless Network Name SSID The SSID is also known as the wireless network name Enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters In a setting where there is more than one wireless network different wireless network names provide a means for separating the traffic Any device you want to participate in a particular wireless network will need to use the SSID The ME103 default SSID is NETGEAR A group of Wireless Stations and a single a
106. ress there are a large number of hosts per network Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing C 4 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64 000 nodes Most organizations do not use 64 000 nodes so there are free bits that can be reassigned Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free as shown below Th Network Subnet Node Class B Figure 6 4 Example of Subnetting a Class B Address A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses For example the IP address of 172 16 0 0 is assigned but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet address The IP address of 172 16 97 235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172 16 subnet number 97 and node number 235 In addition to extending the number of addresses available subnet addressing provides other benefits Subnet address
107. rk en You can select the following network authentication options Authentication Open the ME103 does not perform any authentication However if the 802 1x option is configured authentication of connections can be performed by a RADIUS server e Shared this is for shared key authentication The SSID and data are encrypted Data Encryption You can select the following data encryption options e Disabled 64 or 128 bit WEP With Open Network Authentication and 64 or 128 bit WEP Data Encryption the ME103 does perform 64 or 128 bit data encryption but does not perform any authentication However if the 802 1x option is configured authentication of connections will be performed by a RADIUS server Network Key If WEP is enabled you can manually or automatically program the four data encryption keys These values must be identical on all PCs and access points in your network key 1 must be the same for all key 2 must be the same for all etc There are two methods for creating WEP encryption keys e Passphrase These characters are case sensitive Enter a word or group of printable characters in the Passphrase box and click the Generate button Note Not all wireless adapters support passphrase key generation e Manual These values are not case sensitive 64 bit WEP enter 10 hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F 128 bit WEP enter 26 hexadecimal digits any combination of 0 9 a f or A F Configure 80
108. rk Node Figure 6 3 Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are e Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16 777 214 hosts on a single network They use an eight bit network number and a 24 bit node number Class A addresses are in this range E a a EO 126 Rex e Class B Class B addresses can have up to 65 354 hosts on a network A Class B address uses a 16 bit network number and a 16 bit node number Class B addresses are in this range 128 142x to LIL 2A XS e Class C Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and eight bits for the node They are in this range 192 0 LX TO 223295234 X e Class D Class D addresses are used for multicasts messages sent to many hosts Class D addresses are in this range 224 20 50 0 CO 239 259 255 259 e Class E Class E addresses are for experimental use Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics C 3 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point This addressing structure allows IP addresses to uniquely identify each physical network and each node on each physical network For each unique value of the network portion of the address the base address of the range host address of all zeros is known as the network address and is not usually assigned to a host Also the top address of the range host address of all ones is not assigned but is used as the b
109. rks and then click OK If you need to add File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks D 2 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Click the Add button Select Client and then click Add Select Microsoft Select File and Print Sharing for Microsoft Networks and then click OK ao FP 3 Restart your PC for the changes to take effect Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP IP Settings After the TCP IP protocol components are installed each PC must be assigned specific information about itself and resources that are available on its network The simplest way to configure this information is to allow the PC to obtain the information from a DHCP server in the network You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows amp In Windows 98 and Me systems locate your Network Neighborhood icon e If the Network Neighborhood icon is on the Windows desktop position your mouse pointer over it and right click your mouse button e Ifthe icon is not on the desktop e Click Start on the task bar located at the bottom left of the window e Choose Settings and then Control Panel e Locate the Network Neighborhood icon and click on it This will open the Net
110. roadcast address for simultaneously sending a packet to all hosts with the same network address Netmask In each of the address classes previously described the size of the two parts network address and host address is implied by the class This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address A netmask is a 32 bit quantity that when logically combined using an AND operator with an IP address yields the network address For instance the netmasks for Class A B and C addresses are 255 0 0 0 255 255 0 0 and 255 255 255 0 respectively For example the address 192 168 170 237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits When combined using an AND operator with the Class C netmask as shown here only the network portion of the address remains 11000000 10101000 10101010 11101101 192 168 170 237 combined with 11111111 11111111 3211111111 00000000 255 255 255 0 Equals 11000000 10101000 10101010 00000000 192 168 170 0 As a shorter alternative to dotted decimal notation the netmask may also be expressed in terms of the number of ones from the left This number is appended to the IP address following a backward slash as n In the example the address could be written as 192 168 170 237 24 indicating that the netmask is 24 ones followed by 8 zeros Subnet Addressing By looking at the addressing structures you can see that even with a Class C add
111. s A greater degree of protection is provided by a firewall router C 10 Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point What is a Firewall A firewall is a device that protects one network from another while allowing communication between the two A firewall incorporates the functions of the NAT router while adding features for dealing with a hacker intrusion or attack Several known types of intrusion or attack can be recognized when they occur When an incident is detected the firewall can log details of the attempt and can optionally send email to an administrator notifying them of the incident Using information from the log the administrator can take action with the ISP of the hacker In some types of intrusions the firewall can fend off the hacker by discarding all further packets from the hacker s IP address for a period of time Stateful Packet Inspection Unlike simple Internet sharing routers a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to ensure secure firewall filtering to protect your network from attacks and intrusions Since user level applications such as FTP and Web browsers can create complex patterns of network traffic it is necessary for the firewall to analyze groups of network connection states Using Stateful Packet Inspection an incoming packet is intercepted at the network layer and then analyzed for state rel
112. s a node sending signals using a particular channel will utilize frequency spectrum 12 5 MHz above and below the center channel frequency As a result two separate wireless networks using neighboring channels for example channel 1 and channel 2 in the same general vicinity will interfere with each other Applying two channels that allow the maximum channel separation will decrease the amount of channel cross talk and provide a noticeable performance increase over networks with minimal channel separation Wireless Networking Basics B 7 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point The radio frequency channels used are listed in Table B 1 Table B 1 802 11b Radio Frequency Channels Channel Center Frequency Frequency Spread 1 2412 MHz 2399 5 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2 2417 MHz 2404 5 MHz 2429 5 MHz 3 2422 MHz 2409 5 MHz 2434 5 MHz 4 2427 MHz 2414 5 MHz 2439 5 MHz 5 2432 MHz 2419 5 MHz 2444 5 MHz 6 2437 MHz 2424 5 MHz 2449 5 MHz 7 2442 MHz 2429 5 MHz 2454 5 MHz 8 2447 MHz 2434 5 MHz 2459 5 MHz 9 2452 MHz 2439 5 MHz 2464 5 MHz 10 2457 MHz 2444 5 MHz 2469 5 MHz 11 2462 MHz 2449 5 MHz 2474 5 MHz 12 2467 MHz 2454 5 MHz 2479 5 MHz 13 2472 MHz 2459 5 MHz 2484 5 MHz Note The available channels supported by the wireless products in various countries are different The preferred channel separation between the channels in neighboring w
113. s appropriate to your needs 1 Log in to the ME103 using the MDI MDIX name printed on the bottom of the unit or at its default address of http 192 168 0 224 or at whatever IP address the unit is currently configured Use the default user name of admin and default password of password or whatever password you set up Click the Wireless Settings link in the main menu of the ME103 Choose a suitable descriptive name for the wireless network name SSID In the SSID box enter a value of up to 32 alphanumeric characters The default SSID is NETGEAR Note The SSID of any wireless access adapters must match the SSID you configure in the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point If they do not match you will not get a wireless connection to the ME103 Select the Country Domain in which the wireless interface will operate Set the Channel It should not be necessary to change the wireless channel unless you notice interference problems or are near another wireless access point Select a channel that is not being used by any other wireless networks within several hundred feet of your wireless access point For more information on the wireless channel frequencies see Wireless Channels on page B 7 For initial configuration and testing leave the Wireless Card Access List set to Everyone and the Encryption Strength set to Disabled Click Apply to save your changes gt Note If you are configuring the ME103 from a w
114. s of another computer on the Ethernet LAN a From a wireless PC on the Windows taskbar click the Start button then click Run b Type ping t 192 168 0 1 and click OK i 2x Type the name of a program folder document or Internet resource and Windows will open it For you Open Cancel Browse Figure 5 6 Running a Ping test from Windows c This command causes a continuous ping to be sent Between several seconds to two minutes the ping response should change from timed out to reply 5 6 Advanced Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Request timed out Request timed out Reply from 192 168 0 1 bytes 32 time 4 ms TTL 127 Reply from 192 168 6 1 bytes 32 time 4ims TTL 127 Reply from 192 168 1 bytes 32 time 3 ms TTL 127 Figure 5 7 Ping test results At this point the connection is established and your wireless connection is working Advanced Configuration 5 7 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Understanding Advanced Wireless Settings The default advanced wireless settings usually work well These settings should not be changed unless you are sure it is necessary Advanced Wireless Settings Operating Mode Wireless Access Point Point to Point Bridge Remote MAC Address Point to Multi Paint Bridge Worldwide Mode 802 114 Enable Disabl
115. ss Point DHCP Configuration of TCP IP in Windows XP You will find there are many similarities in the procedures for different Windows systems when using DHCP to configure TCP IP The following steps will walk you through the configuration process for each of these versions of Windows In Windows XP and 2000 systems locate your Network Neighborhood icon e Select Control Panel from the Windows XP Start Menu e Select the Network Connections icon on the Control Panel This will take you to the next step Local Area Connection Network Tasks Y Local Area Connection 3 Now the Network Connection window See Also displays i Network Troubleshooter The Connections List that shows all the Other Places network connections set up on the PC Be Control Panel located to the right of the window E Network Documents e Right click on the Connection with the Computer wireless icon and choose Status Details Network Connections System Folder Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 7 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Now you should be at the Local Area Network Connection Status window This box displays the connection status duration speed and activity statistics Administrator logon access rights are needed to use this window e Click the Properties button to view details about the connection Local Area Connection 3 Status Ge
116. ss client can be disconnected from the ME103 Perform these steps 1 Simply disable and then enable the wireless NIC from the Windows Control Panel in the Network connections section or from the windows system tray on the lower right of the Windows task bar at the bottom of your screen 2 Upon restarting your wireless adapter the ME103 will re authenticate you and establish a new wireless connection cannot connect to the ME103 to configure it Check these items e The ME103 is properly installed LAN connections are OK and it is powered on Check that the LAN port LED is green to verify that the Ethernet connection is OK e Ifyou are using the NetBIOS name of the ME103 to connect ensure that your PC and the ME103 are on the same network segment or that there is a WINS server on your network e If your PC is set to Obtain an IP Address automatically DHCP client restart it e If your PC uses a Fixed Static IP address ensure that it is using an IP Address in the range of the ME103 The ME103 default IP Address is 192 168 0 224 and the default Subnet Mask is 255 255 255 0 If you are not sure about these settings follow the instructions for Installing the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point on page 3 5 When enter a URL or IP address get a timeout error A number of things could be causing this Try the following troubleshooting steps e Check whether other PCs work If they do ensure that you
117. tice NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product s or circuit layout s described herein August 2003 Federal Communications Commission FCC Compliance Notice Radio Frequency Notice NETGEAR ProSafe Wireless Access Point ME103 Warning To comply with the FCC s of exposure Tested to Comply requirements you must maintain a ok PE AIE USE distance of at least 1 cm from the FCC ID PY3ME103 antenna of this device while it is in use This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on t
118. tings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends for connecting through a router or gateway e The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168 0 254 e The subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 e The default gateway is 192 168 0 1 Configuring Windows 2000 or XP for TCP IP Networking As part of the PC preparation process you may need to install and configure TCP IP on each networked PC Before starting locate your Windows CD you may need to insert it during the TCP IP installation process Install or Verify Windows Networking Components To install or verify the necessary components for IP networking 1 On the Windows taskbar click the Start button point to Settings and then click Control Panel 2 Double click the Network and Dialup Connections icon 3 Ifan Ethernet adapter is present in your PC you should see an entry for Local Area Connection Double click that entry 4 Select Properties 5 Verify that Client for Microsoft Networks and Internet Protocol TCP IP are present If not select Install and add them 6 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP click Properties and verify that Obtain an IP address automatically is selected 7 Click OK and close all Network and Dialup Connections windows 8 Then restart your PC D 6 Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Acce
119. uest a certificate Note The procedure for obtaining certificates differs between a CA like Verisign and a CA such as a Windows 2000 certificate server Organizations operate Windows 2000 certificate servers to provide certificates for its members For example an administrator of a Windows 2000 certificate server might provide a certificate to you via e mail rather than connecting directly as shown in this example Obtain the certificate which includes the public key from a Certificate Authority CA Install this certificate in the Windows Root Certificate Store After installing the certificate on the Windows client switch from the wired Ethernet connection to the wireless adapter b Verify that the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings check box is selected in the Windows XP Network Connections wireless adapter properties dialog box Wireless Networks tab page i General Wireless Networks Advanced Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings Available networks To connect to an available network click Configure i Wasa a i LAB_WAB_B demo_80211 x Figure 5 2 Windows XP wireless adapter configuration utility 5 4 Advanced Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point c Select the wireless network to which you will connect NETGEAR in the screen above and click the Configure button to display the Wireless
120. ult you can update the EAP authentication type as newer types become available and your requirements for security change Wireless Networking Basics B 11 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point B 12 Wireless Networking Basics August 2003 Appendix C Network Routing Firewall and Cabling Basics This chapter provides an overview of IP networks routing and wireless networking As you read this document you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information An RFC is a Request For Comment RFC published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF an open organization that defines the architecture and operation of the Internet The RFC documents outline and define the standard protocols and procedures for the Internet The documents are listed on the World Wide Web at www ietf org and are mirrored and indexed at many other sites worldwide Basic Router Concepts Large amounts of bandwidth can be provided easily and relatively inexpensively in a local area network LAN However providing high bandwidth between a local network and the Internet can be very expensive Because of this expense Internet access is usually provided by a slower speed wide area network WAN link such as a cable or DSL modem In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet The fu
121. urable This encryption key will be used to encrypt decrypt all data transmitted via the wireless interface Some vendors refer to the 64 bit WEP data encryption as 40 bit WEP data encryption since the user configurable portion of the encryption key is 40 bits wide The 128 bit WEP data encryption method consists of 104 user configurable bits Similar to the forty bit WEP data encryption method the remaining 24 bits are factory set and not user configurable Some vendors allow passphrases to be entered instead of the cryptic hexadecimal characters to ease encryption key entry 128 bit encryption is stronger than 40 bit encryption but 128 bit encryption may not be available outside of the United States due to U S export regulations When configured for 40 bit encryption 802 11 products typically support up to four WEP Keys Each 40 bit WEP Key is expressed as 5 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 is a 40 bit WEP Key When configured for 128 bit encryption 802 11b products typically support four WEP Keys but some manufacturers support only one 128 bit key The 128 bit WEP Key is expressed as 13 sets of two hexadecimal digits 0 9 and A F For example 12 34 56 78 90 AB CD EF 12 34 56 78 90 is a 128 bit WEP Key Note Typically 802 11 access points can store up to four 128 bit WEP Keys but some 802 11 client adapters can only store one Therefore make sure that your 802 11 access and client a
122. ures of your wireless equipment The ME103 Access Point provides highly effective security features which are covered in detail in this chapter Deploy the security features appropriate to your needs Wireless Data Security Options Range Up to 500 Feet mm 1 Open System Easy but no security ane 2 MAC Access List No data security 3 WEP Security but some vulnerabilities 4 802 1x Secure Figure 3 1 ME103 wireless data security options There are several ways you can enhance the security of your wireless network e Restrict Access Based on MAC address You can restrict access to only trusted PCs so that unknown PCs cannot wirelessly connect to the ME103 MAC address filtering adds an obstacle against unwanted access to your network but the data broadcast over the wireless link is fully exposed e Turn Off the Broadcast of the Wireless Network Name SSID If you disable broadcast of the SSID only devices that have the correct SSID can connect This nullifies the wireless network discovery feature of some products such as Windows XP but the data is still fully exposed to a determined snoop using specialized test equipment like wireless sniffers e Use WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption provides data security WEP Shared Key authentication and WEP data encryption will block all but the most determined eavesdropper e Implement 802 1x IEEE 802 1x provides very strong security Although it can
123. use the same data encryption scheme as WEP it enables stronger authentication as well as the ability to dynamically vary the encryption keys Basic Installation and Configuration 3 4 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Installing the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Before installing the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point you should make sure that your Ethernet network is up and working You will be connecting the access point to the Ethernet network so that computers with 802 11b or 802 11g wireless adapters will be able to communicate with computers on the Ethernet network In order for this to work correctly verify that you have met all of the system requirements shown on page 2 5 1 SET UP THE ME103 ACCESS POINT 1 SET UP THE ME103 ACCESS POINT Tip Before mounting the ME103 in a high location first set up and test the ME103 to verify wireless network connectivity a Prepare a PC with an Ethernet adapter If this PC is already part of your network record its TCP IP configuration settings b Configure the PC with a static IP address of 192 168 0 210 and 255 255 255 0 for the Subnet Mask c Connect an Ethernet cable from the ME103 to the PC A ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Figure 3 2 Connecting the ME103 to a PC d Turn on your computer connect the power adapter to the ME103 and verif
124. uthentication The following steps occur when two devices use Open System Authentication 1 The station sends an authentication request to the access point 2 The access point authenticates the station 3 The station associates with the access point and joins the network This process is illustrated in below Wireless Networking Basics B 3 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 802 11b Authentication Open System Steps 1 Authentication request sent to AP Access Point E 2 AP authenticates i auas mil e 3 Client connects to network TT b Pe ee INTERNET Cable or DLS modem agi Client attempting to connect Figure 6 1 802 11 open system authentication Shared Key Authentication The following steps occur when two devices use Shared Key Authentication 1 The station sends an authentication request to the access point 2 The access point sends challenge text to the station 3 The station uses its configured 64 bit or 128 bit default key to encrypt the challenge text and sends the encrypted text to the access point 4 The access point decrypts the encrypted text using its configured WEP Key that corresponds to the station s default key The access point compares the decrypted text with the original challenge text If the decrypted text matches the original challenge text then the access point and the station share the same WEP Key
125. version of the manual you must have a version 4 or later browser with Java or JavaScript enabled To use the Favorites feature your browser must be set to accept cookies You can record a list of favorite pages in the manual for easy later retrieval 2 Toolbar buttons Use the toolbar buttons across the top to navigate print pages and more The Show in Contents button locates the currently displayed topic in the Contents tab Previous Next buttons display the topic that precedes or follows the current topic The PDF button links to a PDF version of the full manual The E mail button enables you to send feedback by e mail to Netgear support The Print button prints the currently displayed topic Using this button when a step by step procedure is displayed will send the entire procedure to your printer you do not have to worry about specifying the correct range of pages The Bookmark button bookmarks the currently displayed page in your browser 3 Right pane Use the right pane to view the contents of the manual Also each page of the manual includes a PDF of This Chapter link at the top right which links to a PDF file containing just the currently selected chapter of the manual About This Manual 1 vii August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point How to Print this Manual To print this manual you man choose one of the following several options according to y
126. work panel as shown below Preparing Your PCs for Network Access D 3 August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point Verify the following settings as shown e Client for Microsoft Network exists e Ethernet adapter is present e TCP IP is present e Primary Network Logon is set to Windows logon Click on the Properties button The following TCP IP Properties window will display Network Configuration Identification Access Control The following network components are installed E Client for Microsoft Networks NETGEAR MA101 USB Adapter TCP IP Remove Properties Primary Network Logon Client for Microsoft Networks he Eile and Print Sharing Description OK Cancel Preparing Your PCs for Network Access August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point E TCP IP Properties 21x Bindings Advanced Nesios i DNS Configuration Gateway WINS Configuration IP Address By default the IP Address tab is open on this window An IP address can be automatically assigned to this computer If your network does not automatically assign IP addresses ask ur network administrator for an address and then type it iri e Verify the following a eave baba my Obtain an IP address automatically is selected If not selected click in the radio button to the left of
127. y the following The PWR power light goes on The LAN light of the wireless access point is lit when connected to a powered on PC 3 5 Basic Installation and Configuration August 2003 Reference Manual for the ME103 802 11b ProSafe Wireless Access Point 2 CONFIGURE LAN AND WIRELESS ACCESS a Configure the ME103 Ethernet port for LAN access Connect to the ME103 by opening your browser and entering hittp 192 168 0 224 in the address field When prompted enter admin for the user name and password for the password both in lower case letters Click the IP Settings link and configure the IP Settings for your network Configure the wireless interface for wireless access See the online help or the Understanding Basic Wireless Settings topic of the Reference Manual for full instructions Note You must set the Regulatory Domain It may not be legal to operate the wireless access point in a region other than one of those identified in this field Now that you have finished the setup steps you are ready to deploy the ME103 in your network If needed you can now reconfigure the PC you used in step 1 back to its original TCP IP settings 3 DEPLOY THE ME103 ACCESS POINT a Disconnect the ME103 and position it where you will deploy it The best location is elevated such as wall mounted or on the top of a cubicle at the center of your wireless coverage area and within line of sight of all the mobile

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