Home

IBM ATM OC-3c User's Manual

1. O E a ei S E S A ee 2 1 i gt i i 2 5 2 a a a P i x e i j A i i oO o E N 1 38 3 5 3 J 2 3 E 3 0 d 7 5 ee E 232 E a _ o SA i 3 a 5 lu 1 1 gt D ne E EEN TEE i E u u i E a 8 Ze m 1 i i 1 3 x x S 18 8 a 8 y 3 i o le N i E 5 gt N lt 5 3 i i lt g 2 El E 3 E K i Ed E 1 Oo I O Y 5 D D 3 El Ss a TD 2 i i 5 5 l D i i Figure 5 2 Campus and Cost Sensitive Network 5 4 CHAPTER 5 NETWORK CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES Making a Building Resilient to Network Failure You can build resilience into your building backbone as shown in Figure 5 3 The provision of resilient links protects your network against cable and network failure by using a main and a standby link Should the main link fail a standby link automatically takes over the function of the main link In this example the ATM Module fiber link provides the main link in the resilient link pair and the Fast Ethernet fiber or copper link acts as the standby link
2. configurations using the ATM Module If you are ma En Dn D D D el unfamiliar with ATM you should read this chapter in conjunction with Chapter 4 Putting Your ATM m Network Together Switch Mode 64491 EM DL ATM Backbone in the Building m This section gives an example of an ATM backbone ae em within a single building as shown in Figure 5 1 if Ge In this case the Ethernet Switch on each floor is 7 m Switch Model 624 provided with a high speed 155M bps full duplex link to the backbone Using ATM as a backbone technology removes bottlenecks by providing scalable H i bandwidth low latency high speed data switching Switch Model 712 Ethernet VLANs can be extended into the ATM network using Emulated LANs ELANs Ethernet yoy ATM i Sg packets are then switched between Ethernet to ATM ATM non Ene 7 N WITC transparently Need As well as providing a fast switched backbone Key between Ethernet LANs ATM equipped file servers Ethernet m 1 and services may be directly attached to the ATM en Server DS network giving improved performance to the Ethernet desktop ATM Workstation Further advantages are gained in multi media Figure 5 1 ATM Backbone in the Building applications due to ATM s bu
3. 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN in the cell header are translated by 8271 N Ways E Switch Model 624 each ATM Switch along the path Switch Model oe n mmm a o SC VPI 6 VPI 3 VCI 20 VCI 35 SSES VM ATM Backbone Switch u a HD Beer nenn _ATM Backbone Switch i 11 O O mL O H u HA on UNI n Figure 2 7 Switching Cells using VPI and VCI values gt CHAPTER 2 NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS Switched Virtual Circuits SVCs SVCs use the signalling protocol to dynamically define connections as they are needed and to release them when they are no longer needed SVCs use signalling for Connections initiated by the user application m Connections established and dropped dynamically m Varied connection time m Connections not automatically re established after network failure Permanent Virtual Circuits PVCs The most basic connection setup requires the definition of each connection via management These type of connections generally remain established for long periods of time PVC attributes include m Connections initiated by network management m Long term connection duration m Automatically re established after network failure m Supported by MIB or other management entity The ATM Module does not support PVCs ATM Interfaces arm as ATM technology is implemented in ATM edge devices and ATM Switches ATM provides a User to Network Interface UNI The User to Network Inter
4. LED Name Color State Indicates Far End Status Green The ATM Switch has not On AT Module detected an error on the ATM Module s transmit link The ATM Switch at the far end OFF of the connection has detected a and Link problem with the ATM Modules Status LED is transmit connection and Green notified the ATM Module For example the transmit half of the ATM Module cable has been disconnected at either the ATM Module end or ATM Switch end of the connection The cable between the ATM OFF Module and ATM Switch has and Link been disconnected Status LED is OFF Link Status Green A link is present on the ATM On ATM Module port and the port is receiving valid SONET frames OFF The Link is not present on the ATM Port Yellow The ATM port is transmitting On AT Module Ethernet LANE Signalling or control frames OFF The ATM port is not transmitting cells RX Yellow The ATM port is receiving data On ATM Module cells OFF The ATM port is not receiving incoming cells Checking the Power Supply Check the MGMT LED on the Switch If the MGMT LED is not lit there is a power supply problem Try the following troubleshooting procedures Check that the power supply is plugged into the device using a power outlet that is known to be working Check that the main power supply switch on the wall is set to the ON position Check and if necessary change the fuse on the Switch or plug and then power up the S
5. A 1 byte field in the cell header used for the header error detection and correction Due to the importance of the information contained in the header HEC isa useful and important field Interim Local Management Interface Published by the ATM Forum this standard provides extra diagnostic monitoring and configuration services at the User to Network Interface UNI It uses the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP and a MIB LAN Emulation LANE A technique that specifies the interfaces and protocols needed for providing LAN supported functionality and connectivity in an ATM Environment LANE allows existing LAN protocols to interoperable with the ATM protocols interfaces and devices LE ARP LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol The ARP used in LAN Emulation for binding a requested ATM address to the MAC address LEC LECS LES link MIB LAN Emulation Client Typically located in an ATM end system for example an ATM Module or ATM Switch its task is to maintain address resolution tables and to forward data treffic It is uniquely associated with an ATM address LAN Emulation Configuration Server A server whose main function is to provide configuration information to a LEC such as the ELAN it belongs to or its LES LAN Emulation Server A server that provides support for the LAN Emulation address resolution protocol LE_ARP The LECs register their own ATM and MAC addresses w
6. Cell Loss Priority CLP The purpose of the Cell Loss Priority CLP bit in the ATM cell is to indicate that cells with this bit set should be discarded before cells which do not have the CLP bit set Cells can be discarded based on CLP condition and according to the network load When the network overloads a discard mechanism based on the value of the CLP bit in the cell header may come into operation Header Error Check HEC The HEC field is used for detecting bit errors in the cell header It is also used for cell delineation defining where the cell begins in a SONET frame Physical Layer The physical layer is responsible for transmitting and receiving ATM cells over a physical medium It is also responsible for checking the integrity of the bits being transferred over a physical media and for making sure that they are error free The ATM Module is compliant with both SONET STS 3c and SDH STM 1 physical layer standards These standards are similar and most devices allow you to use either framing standard on each link in the ATM network The same framing standard must be used at each end of the link Many users prefer to use the same framing standard throughout their network for example SONET STS 3c The physical layer is sub divided into Path SONET and SDH are capable of carrying traffic for a number of uppers layers and ATM is only one of those layers Each upper layer uses its own Path through
7. Important features or instructions gt ATTENTION Risk of system damage or data loss CAUTION Conditions or procedures that can cause personal injury that is neither lethal nor amp tremely hazardous DANGER Conditions or procedures that can result in A death or severe personal injury Table 2 Text Conventions Convention Description Screen display The words Enter and Type Key names This typeface represents information as it appears on the screen The word enter means type something and then press the Return or Enter key Do not press the Return or Enter key when an instruction simply says type Key names appear in text in one of two ways m Referred to by their labels such as the Retum key or the Escape key m Enclosed within brackets such as Return or Esc If you must press two or more keys simultaneously the key names are linked with a plus sign For example Press Ctr 1HAlt HDel Table 2 Text Conventions continued Convention Description Words in Italics Words in bold Italics emphasize a point or denote new terms at the place where they are defined in the text Bold text denotes key features Related Documentation The ATM OC 3c Module documetation set includes IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module Quick Reference Guide Part Number 02L1333 IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module Release Notes
8. ATM is Service Transparent i a E gt A Get ll Teen E gt ATM allows for the high speed transfer of a wide range of user traffic including voice video and other data The cell format means that more than one service traffic type can be multiplexed over the same physical line see Figure 2 4 Video Video Video Video Video Video ra V Data Data Data Data Data Data Figure 2 4 Service Processing Cells are de multiplexed at the other end of the connection and forwarded to the correct service destination Multi service processing promotes scalability by significantly reducing the number of changes needed to add new service traffic types to your network MN Voice Voice Voice Video Data Voice Video K Voice Voice ml e Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM Layer 2 9 ATM is Connection oriented gt gt ATM is a connection oriented transport service that requires a communication channel to be set up between the ATM source and destination end systems before ATM cells can pass between them Before a direct data connection can be set up between two end systems a number of control connections are set up These control connections are beyond the scope of this guide If you require further information about control connections refer t
9. Admin VLAN 271 Nways Ethernet LAN 271 Nways Ethernet LAN witch Model 624 witch Model 712 See zess HER A ATM Network ATM Backbone Switch lI m Key Student ELAN Server Workstation Figure 3 3 Extending VLANs into the ATM Network 3 4 CHAPTER 3 VIRTUAL LAN CONCEPTS A eee e gt This chapter takes you through the process of planning your network Topics include Planning and tracking your network configuration ATM Configuration Rules Extending Virtual LANs VLANs into the ATM network ATM connection types Planning Your Network Before installing your ATM devices you should spend some time planning your network structure This section lists some of the points you should consider Are routes defined within your ATM network so that your ATM devices can connect to your LAN Emulation services Examine your existing network topology and decide if further configuration is required In particular you should consider the location of your LAN Emulation services PUTTING YOUR ATM NETWORK TOGETHER m Does your existing ATM network have sufficient resources Consider the capacity of a Your ATM Switches and the number of additional connections your ATM device requires a Y
10. Octets Transmitted 905586714 3814474626 CLEAR SCREEN COUNTERS CANCEL Figure 9 4 ATM VLAN LEC Status Screen CHAPTER 9 MONITORING THE ATM MODULE Port ID Identifies the currently selected port VLAN Allows you to select the VLAN you wish to monitor The default is VLAN 1 If you wish to review the state of all VLANs on the ATM Module see ATM Port Setup on page 8 6 LEC State Shows the state of the LEC to LES communication The states are shown in Table 9 2 Table 9 2 LEC State Summary LEC State Desaiption Active The LEC is in use Inactive The LEC is not in use The LEC may be inactive because it has not been able to establish communication with the LES and BUS or because the ATM port has been disabled by management Not in Use You have specified that the LEC is not required at the present time LEC ELAN Name Shows the name of the ELAN that the VLAN LEC has joined LEC ATM Address Shows the ATM Address of the LEC associated with the selected VLAN Last LEC Failure Reason If the LEC configuration fails the last know failure state is shown The failure state can be used to identify the cause of the failure The failure state and possible causes are shown in Table 9 3 Table 9 3 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes Possible Solutions None The LEC is either None required inactive or has successfully completed the operation Timeout The software has been If there is
11. Pericolo prima di iniziare l installazione di questo prodotto leggere le informazioni relative alla sicurezza riportate nell opuscolo Attenzion Infor mazioni di sicurezza Prime informazioni da leggere in cui sono descritte le procedure per il cablaggio ed il collegamento di apparecchiature elettriche A Perigo Antes de iniciar a instalac o deste produto leia as informa es de seguran a Cuidado Infor ma es de Seguran a Leia Primeiro SD21 0030 Este documento descreve como efectuar de um modo seguro as liga es el ctricas dos equipamen tos Peligro Antes de empezar a instalar este producto lea la informaci n de seguridad en Atenci n Infor maci n de Seguridad Lea Esto Primero SD21 0030 Este documento describe los proced imientos de seguridad para cablear y enchufar equi pos el ctricos Perigo Antes de come ar a instalar este produto leia as informa es de seguran a contidas em Cuidado Informa es Sobre Seguran a Leia Isto Primeiro SD21 0030 Esse folheto descreve procedi mentos de seguran a para a instala o de cabos e conex es em equipamentos el tricos VARRA Ennen kuin aloitat t m n tuotteen asen nuksen lue julkaisussa Varoitus Turvaohjeet Lue t m ensin SD21 0030 olevat turvaohjeet T ss kirjasessa on ohjeet siit miten s hk laitteet kaape loidaan ja kytket n turvallisesti Uwaga Przed rozpocz ciem instalacji produktu nale y zapozna si z
12. VCCI Statement Class B This is a Class B product based on the standard of the Voluntary Control Council for Interference from Information Technology Equipment VCCI If this equipment is used near a radio or television receiver in a domestic environment it may cause radio interference Install and use the equipment according to the instruction manual eld PRUBSESERE SET Moline VCC 1 DREI E COREL SES CRAG OC eB e EE Ge aaa ESA KEE Korean Communications Statement Please note that this device has been approved for business purpose with regard to electromagnetic interference If you find this is not suitable for your use you may exchange it for a non business pur pose one que BR a phe green d le xO ES ae ol a Sota dain Du OS A8 HAE nie AL Fod does Dhal aLe Electronic Emission Notices F 7 Information To The User If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures m Reorient the receiving antenna m Relocate the equipment with respect to the receiver m Move the equipment away from the receiver m Plug the equipment into a different outlet so that equipment and receiver are on different branch circuits APPENDIX F NOTICES TRADEMARKS AND WARRANTIES If necessary the user should consult the dealer or an experience
13. The ATM port is shown as ATM in the Type field or as ATM Bp if it has been set up as a backbone port ATM Port Setup The ATM Port Setup screen allows you to switch the ATM port on or off and provides status information about the state of the port and the LECs associated with each of the VLANs To display the screen From the Main Menu select SWITCH MANAGEM ENT The Switch Management screen is displayed as shown in Figure 8 4 on page 8 5 For the Management Level field select the Port option Ensure that the ATM port number is entered in the Port ID field For example the ATM port is m Port 13 on an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 612 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 712 m Port 25 on IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 624 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 524 Select the SETUP button to display ATM port setup information An example of the ATM Port Setup screen is shown in Figure 8 7 on page 8 7 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH Port Setup Port 25 Port Speed 155 Mbps Port State Enable 4 Link State Present Lost Links 8 ULAN LEC States 1 LEC Active 25 LEC Active 3 LEC Active 4 LEC Active 5 LEC Active 6 LEC Active Es LEC Active 8 LEC Active 9 LEC Active 18 LEC Active 11 LEC Active 12 LEC Active 13 LEC Active 14 LEC Active 15 LEC Active 16 LEC Active OK CONFIG ARP TABLE CONNECTION TABLE CANCEL Figure 8 7 ATM Port Setup Screen The screen shows th
14. The operation to download the software failed after the operation timed out This may be due to a poor network connection so try again If you see any other messages you should make a note of the message and contact your supplier 8 14 CHAPTER 8 MANAGING THE ATM MODULE Status Messages This section lists status messages that can appear when you download new software images to a device Active The file is currently being downloaded to the selected device Allow time for the download to complete Download successful The file you chose to download to the selected device was downloaded successfully Load Paused The download failed and another attempt will be made The download may have failed due to network re configuration 9 ete le D MONITORING THE ATM MODULE This chapter describes how to monitor the status and performance of your ATM Module Figure 9 1 shows the screen map Monitoring screens are shaded gray to help you locate the screens you need na f Main Banner 4 Logon H Main Menu Switch User Access Management Software ge Remote ATM Management Levels Status Setup Upgrade Initialize Reset Poll Configuration Logoff d L J L L JA d dt che S ATM Module Configuration 7 Console L Fault
15. This configuration ensures that all devices have access to a high speed backbone connection at all times Main link ATM Switch Model 624 Main link ATM Main link ATM Switch Model 712 Switch Model 624 Main link ATM Main link ATM Switch Model 712 Switch Model 712 Standby link Standby link Fast Ethernet ee ATM ES Backbone H ATM Switch ee Key Ethernet I Fast Ethernet ATM Server MM Workstation CC Figure 5 3 Resilient Link Configuration eee e D Following Safety Information gt A ATTENTION Only hold the ATM Module by the edges to avoid damage from static Do not touch the top or bottom of the circuit board DANGER Before installing or removing anycomponents of a device or carrying out anymaintenance work you must read the safety informationprovided in Appendix A Safety Information of this guide Danger Avant d installer ou de retirer les composantsd une unit ou de proc der a une op ration de maintenance vous devez prendre connaissance des consignes de s curit figurant a l annexe A Consignes de s curit du pr sent manuel Achtung Vor dem Installieren oder Entfernen von Komponenten einer Einheit bzw vor dem Au
16. damental breach negligence misrepresentation or other contract or tort claim IBM is liable only for Damages for bodily injury including death and damage to real property and tangible personal prop erty and The amount of any other actual direct damages or loss up to the greater of US 100 000 or the charges if recurring 12 months charges apply for the Machine that is the subject of the claim UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES IS IBM LIABLE FOR ANY OF THE FOLLOWING 1 THIRD PARTY CLAIMS AGAINST YOU FOR LOSSES OR DAMAGES OTHER THAN THOSE UNDER THE FIRST ITEM LISTED ABOVE 2 LOSS OF OR DAMAGE TO YOUR RECORDS OR DATA OR 3 SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES OR FOR ANY ECONOMIC CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR SAVINGS EVEN IF IBM OR YOUR RESELLER IS INFORMED OF THEIR POSSIBILITY SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR UMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUEN TIAL DAMAGES SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from jurisdic tion to jurisdiction Electronic Emission Notices ES Canadian Department of Communications DOC Electronic Emission Notices Compliance Statement This equipment does not exceed Class A limits per Federal Communications Commission FCC radio noise emissions for digital apparatus set out Statement in the Radio Interference Regulation of the Cana This e
17. injury CAUTION notices warn you of conditions or procedures that can cause personal injury that is nei ther lethal not extremely hazardous World Trade Safety Information Some countries require the safety information con tained in publications to be presented in their national languages Before using an English lan guage publication to set up install or operate this IBM product you first should become familiar with the related safety information DANGER Before you begin to install this product A read the safety information in Caution Safety Infor mation Read This First SD21 0030 This booklet describes safe procedures for cabling and plugging in electrical equipment Vaming livsfara Innan du b rja installera den h r produkten b r du l sa s kerhetsinformtionen i dokumentet Varning S kerhetsf reskrifter L s detta f rst SD21 0030 D r beskrivs hur du p ett s kert s tt ansluter elektrisk utrustning Fare F r du begynner installere dette produktet m du lese sikkerhetsinformasjonen i Advarsel Sik kerhetsinformasjon Les dette f rst SD21 0030 som beskriver sikkerhetsrutinene for kabling og tilkobling av elektrisk utstyr Fare F r du installerer dette produkt skal du l se sikkerhedsforskrifterne i NB Sikkerhedsforskrifter Lees dette f rst SD21 0030 Vejiedningen beskriver den fremgangsm de du skal bruge ved tilslutning af kabier og udstyr Gevarr Voordat u begint met de in
18. 5 4 INSTALLING AND SETTING UP THE MODULE Following Safety Information 6 1 Device Support 6 3 Pre installation Procedure 6 3 Check the Power Supply 6 3 Installation 6 4 Connecting a cable to the ATM Port 6 5 Powering Up the Switch 6 5 Power On Self Test POST 6 5 Post Installation Checks 6 5 LED Summary 6 6 Checking the Power Supply 6 7 Checking that the ATM Module is Installed Correctly 6 7 Checking the Physical Connections 6 7 ACCESSING MANAGEMENT FEATURES Screen Map 7 1 Keyboard Shortcuts 7 1 Correcting Text Entry 7 1 Logging On 7 3 Logging Off 7 4 Automatic Logout 7 4 MANAGING THE ATM MODULE Configuring an ATM Port 8 2 Extending VLANs into the ATM Network 8 4 Displaying all VLANs 8 5 ATM Port Setup 8 6 Mapping Far End MAC Addresses 8 8 Creating a MAC Address to ATM Entry 8 9 Finding an Address Entry 8 10 Updating Address Entries 8 10 Deleting an Address Entry 8 10 Displaying an ATM Connection 8 10 Finding an ATM Connection 8 11 Updating Address Entries 8 11 Setting Up Resilient Links 8 11 Upgrading Software 8 12 Error Messages 8 13 Status Messages 8 14 MONITORING THE ATM MODULE Statistics Overview 9 2 ATM Port Statistics 9 3 ATM VLAN LEC Status 9 5 ATM Physical Layer Statistics 9 10 Using Physical Layer Statistics to Troubleshoot 9 12 SAFETY INFORMATION Safety Notices A 1 World Trade Safety Information A 1 SCREEN ACCESS RIGHTS ATM MODULE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Envir
19. ATM VLAN LEC Status screen described in step 9 that can be used to troubleshoot LEC failure problems The LEC Operation at Failure field identifies the operation that was taking place when the LEC failed to successfully join the Emulated LAN Services The Last LEC Failure Reason field identifies the probable cause of the problem Use Table D 3 in conjunction with Table D 4 on page D 12 to try and resolve the problem Table D 3 LEC Operation at Failure Operation Description None There are no known operation failures Calling LECS The LEC is trying to connect to the LECS to receive LANE configuration information Reading The LEC receives configuration Configuration information from the LECS in from LECS preparation for joining the LES Joining LES The LEC is trying to join the ELAN by registering itself with the LES that controls that ELAN When the LEC has joined the LES it is given a unique LAN Emulation Client Identifier LECID Knows the Emulated LAN s maximum frame size and knows its LAN type either Ethernet or Token Ring Initial Registration After joining a LEC can register any number of MAC addresses and or Route Descriptors for Token Ring implementations Connecting to BUS In order to establish a connection to the Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS the LEC requires the broadcast address It requests the broadcast address from the LES Operational The LEC is now part
20. Fail there is a problem with the physical connection b If there are a lot of errors there is a problem with the physical connection Is the error rate high APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING Check the Physical Connections Check that the Link Status and Far End Status LEDs on the ATM Module are ON and lit green If one or both of the LEDs is not lit there is a problem with the physical connection Follow the troubleshooting information below a Ensure that both devices are powered up and that the ports at both ends of the link are enabled b Ensure that the cable is securely connected to the port at both ends of the link c Check each end of the cable to ensure that each of the fiber connectors is correctly connected If your connectors can be reversed you may need to reverse the TX and RX cable connectors at one end of the link d Remove any objects obstructing the cable and straighten out any kinks in the cable e If you suspect that the fiber optic connector is dirty see Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors in this section f Check that your cable meets the specifications described in ATM Cable Specification on page C 1 g Replace the cable with a cable known to be working and check the Link Status LED again h If there is still a problem contact your repair center for advice For more details see Appendix E Access the ATM Port Setup Screen KR a Select the SWITCH MANAGEMENT option
21. MODULE Frames Received The number of Ethernet frames received by the LEC Frames Transmitted The number of Ethernet frames transmitted by the LEC Octets Received The number of Ethernet octets received by the LEC Octets Transmitted The number of Ethernet octets transmitted by the LEC If you see the following symptoms there may be a problem at the ATM Switch end of the connection The LEC is active and the LEC Operation at Failure is None but the frames or octets counters are showing zero If you have followed the troubleshooting instructions in this section and within Appendix D and you still have a problem contact IBM Technical Support Refer to Appendix E for details The following button is available on this screen CLEAR SCREEN COUNTERS To make it easierto note the changes in statistic values you can use this button to reset the value of statistics shown on the screen to zero Resetting the values shown on the screen does not reset the statistic values stored on this device ATM Physical Layer Statistics The Physical Layer Statistics screen shows SONET STS 3c and SDH STM 1 error statistics These statistics are used to track down problems with the physical connection and are more useful in a WAN environment To access Physical Layer statistics first access the ATM Port Statistics screen as described in ATM Port Statistics on page 9 3 and then select the PHYSICAL button An example of the Ph
22. Switched Virtual Circuit SVC 2 12 4 3 Displaying SVC connections 8 11 Setting up aSVC 8 8 When to use 4 3 T Technical Specifications Bandwidth calculation C 2 Cabling C 1 Environment C 1 Technical support and service E 1 Terminology 1 Troubleshooting D 1 Using LEDs 6 5 D 2 Using Physical Layer statistics 9 12 U Unicast packets 3 2 User guide Finding information 2 Users Default users 7 3 Screen access rights B 1 User To Network Interface UNI 2 12 v Virtual Channel 2 10 Virtual Channel Connection VCC 2 9 ILMI VCC 8 3 Virtual Channel Identifier VCI 2 10 8 10 Field in ATM cell 2 14 Virtual LAN See VLAN 3 1 Virtual Path 2 9 Virtual Path Identifier VPI 2 10 8 10 Field in ATM cell 2 14 VLAN Displaying VLANs 8 5 Inter switch VLANs 3 1 LEC Status 8 8 Mapping to ELAN 3 2 4 2 8 4 Statistics 9 5 Voice support E 1 w World Wide Web WWW IBM Networking home page E 1
23. The LEC must communicate with the LAN Emulation Server LES that is serving that ELAN To communicate with the LES the LEC must first locate the LES The LEC can find the ATM address of the LES in one of the following ways m If there isa LAN Emulation Configuration Server LECS on the network the LEC gets the address of the LES from the LECS The way in which the LECS determines which LES the LEC needs to communicate with depends on the policy that the LECS is running Refer to the user guide that accompanies your LECS for more details of the policies your LECS uses m If the network does not have a LECS the LEC gets the LES address from the management software on the ATM device The LEC must have a connection to the Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS When the LEC has joined the LES the LES helps the LEC locate the Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS associated with that ELAN What is LAN Emulation LANE 25 Locating the LECS Before the LEC can ask the LECS for the address of the LES the LEC must first locate the LECS There are three ways in which the LEC can locate the LECS and the LEC tries these methods in the following order m The LEC can ask the adjacent ATM Switch using the Interim Local Management Interface ILMI m TheLEC can use a well known ATM address that is reserved for the LECS The well known address is pre programmed into most LECS devices The well known address is 4700790000000000000
24. an initial connection between the end points Source and destination must be set up prior to data transmission ATM and Frame Relay are Connection Oriented E 164 An 8 byte address format In ATM it is typically used in public networks and it is provided by the telecommunication carriers while 20 byte NSAP Network Service Access Point format addresses are used within private networks EFCI Explicit Forward Congestion Indication A 1 bit field in the PTI that contains information about whether congestion at an intermediate node has been experienced The EFCI bit is set when a threshold for example buffer contents has been exceeded ELAN Emulated LAN See LAN Emulation firewall Isolation of LAN segments from each other to protect data resources and help manage traffic Flash EPROM EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory technology providing non volatile storage that can be electrically erased in the circuit and reprogrammed developed by Intel and licensed to other semi conductor companies Flow Control A method used in networking for congestion avoidance and traffic regulation GFC HEC ILMI Generic Flow Control A 4 bit field in the ATM cell header in order to support multiplexing functions Its default value is 0000 when the GFC protocol is not enforced TheGFC mechanism is intended to support simple flow control in ATM connections Header Error Control or Header Error Check
25. communicate with other devices Select either uni3 0 or uni3 1 standards The default is uni3 1 SONET SDH Specifies the framing used Select either SONET STS 3c or SDH STM 1 The default is SONET STS 3c The MAX VPI Bits and MAX VCI Bits fields described below are used to determine how many bits can be used within each cell header to define the value of the VPI and VCI The value of the VPI and VCI fields identify the connection MAX VPI Bits can be used to identify which WAN connection to use If you have several remote sites London Manchester and Leeds you can specify a unique VPI value which identifies traffic going to that site For example the VPI value for London could be 1 Manchester could be 2 and Leeds could be 3 There are 11 bits available to be shared between the VPI and VCI The default is 3 VPI bits and 8 VCI bits You should not normally need to change the default settings The adjacent ATM Switch can read the settings of these fields via ILMI and normally negotiates with the devices to use the lowest common denominator If the ATM Switch is non standard you may need to amend the MAX VPI Bits 0 4 field MAX VPI Bits 0 4 Shows the number of bits available in the cell header that can be used to determine the value of the VPI Up to 4 bits are available for use The number of bits set offers a range of possible values for the VPI as shown within Table 8 1 Configuring an ATM Port 8 3 Table 3 1 VPI
26. devices are powered up and that the ports at both ends of the link are enabled 2 Ensure that the cable is securely connected to the port at both ends of the link 3 Check each end of the cable to ensure that each of the fiber connectors is correctly connected If your cable connectors can be reversed you may need to reverse the TX and RX cable connectors at one end of the link gt Some cable connectors have been designed so that they cannot be fitted incorrectly Never use excessive force to connect cables 68 CHAPTER 6 INSTALLING AND SETTING UP THE MODULE 4 Remove any objects obstructing the cable and straighten out any kinks in the cable 5 If you suspect that the fiber optic connector is dirty refer to Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors on page D 24 6 Check that your cable meets the specifications described in ATM Cable Specification on page C 1 7 Replace the cable and check the Link Status LED again 8 Contact IBM Technical Support refer to Appendix E 7 The menu driven user interface built into the device is known asthe VT100 or Local Management interface The VT100 management interface has a forms based structure with pre defined security levels enabling access to be restricted to particular users Accessing and navigating the local screens is described in the manual which accompanies your IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN switch Screen Map Figure 7 1 on page 7 2 provides a ma
27. from the Main Menu The Switch Management screen is displayed Ensure that the Port option is selected in the Management Level field Ensure that the ATM port number is entered in the Port ID field For example the ATM port is Port 13 on an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 612 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 712 Port 25 on an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 624 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 524 Select the SETUP button to display ATM port setup information An example of the The ATM Port Setup screen is shown in Figure D 3 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH Port Setup Port Port Speed 155 Mbps Port State Enable 4 Link State Present Lost Links ULAN LEC States 25 LEC Active 2 LEC Active LEC Active 4 LEC Active LEC Active 6 LEC Active LEC Active 8 LEC Active LEC Active 18 LEC Active LEC Active 12 LEC Active LEC Active 14 LEC Active LEC Active 16 LEC Active CONFIG ARP TABLE CONNECTION TABLE CANCEL Figure D 3 ATM Port Setup Screen es wu Is the ATM Port Enabled Is the Port State field set to Enable Yes go to step 7 No go to step 6 Enable the ATM Port a Set the Port State field to Enable b Select the OK button Access the ATM Port Statistics Screen a Select the SWITCH MANAGEMENT option from the Main Menu The Switch Management screen is displayed b Ensure that the Port option is selected in the Management L
28. interference with licensed communication devices Zulassungsbescheinigung Laut dem Deutschen Gesetz ber die elektromagnetische Vertr glichkeit von Ger ten EMVG vom 30 August 1995 bzw der EMC EG Richlinie 89 336 Dieses Ger t ist berechtigt in bereinstimmung mit dem Deutschen EMVG das EG Konformit tszeichen CE zu f hren Verantworlich f r die Konformit tserkl rung nach Paragraph 5 des EMVG ist die IBM Corporation Deutschland Informationssysteme GmbH 70548 Stuttgart Informationen in Hinsicht EMVG Paragraph 3 Abs 2 2 EN 50082 1 und EN 55022 Klasse B EN 50082 1 Hinweis Wird dieses Ger te in einer industriellen Umge bung betrieben wie in EN 50082 2 festgelegt dann kann es dabei eventuell gest werden In solch einem Fall ist der Abstand bzw die Abschirmung zu der industriellen St rquelle zu ver ern Anmerkung Um die Einhaltung des EMVG sicherzusellen sind die Ger te wie in den IBM Hand chern angege ben zu installieren und zu betreiben Properly shielded and grounded cables and connec tors must be used in order to reduce the potential for causing interference to radio and TV communi cations and to other electrical or electronic equip ment Such cables and connectors are available from IBM authorized dealers IBM cannot accept responsi bility for any interference caused by using other than recommended cables and connectors Japanese Voluntary Control Cound for Interference
29. into the ATM Network This section describes how to extend VLANs into the ATM network The ATM port can be in one or more VLANs Each VLAN is associated with a LEC on the ATM Module and each LEC is mapped to an ATM ELAN There are two ways to access the ATM LEC Setup screen m Select the ATM CONFIGURATION option from the Main Menu The ATM Module Configuration screen is displayed as shown in Figure 8 2 on page 8 2 Select the ATM LEC SETUP button a Alternatively if you are already in the ATM Port Setup Screen as described in ATM Port Setup on page 8 6 you can select the CONFIG button to display the ATM Module Configuration screen An example of the ATM Configuration screen is shown in Figure 8 2 on page 8 2 Select the ATM LEC SETUP button Figure 8 3 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH LEC Setup Select APPLY after configuring the LEC parameters for each ULAN Selecting another VLAN will discard any edits that have not saved using APPLY Select the ULAN to be configured 1 Is this ULAN to be connected to an ELAN 4vest Is the LES Address to be entered manually or obtained from the LECS Enter the name of the ELAN that this ULAN is to join admin ALECS 4 APPLY CANCEL Figure 8 3 ATM LEC Setup Screen gt Each time you complete the entry fields for a VLAN you must select APPLY to apply the changes As soon as you select a different VLAN using the VLAN field any edits not already applied
30. of the ELAN APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING Table D 4 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes Possible Solutions None The LEC is either None required inactive or has successfully completed the operation Timeout The software has been If there is a LECS on A task could not be completed within its allotted time frame set up to use a LECS but a LECS is either not present on the network or broken The LES for the ELAN is not functioning correctly your network ensure that it is operational and on part of the network that can be accessed by the ATM Module If a LECS is not present on the network you must enter the LES Address for each ELAN manually using the ATM VLAN Setup Screen see Extending VLANs into the ATM Network on page 8 4 Contact Technical Support Undefined Error An error has occurred but no cause can be Unknown Contact Technical Support identified Version Not The LANE services you Ensure that the LANE Supported are trying to connect Services use LANE 1 0 LANE 1 0 not an Be supported version 1 0 continued Table D 4 Last LEC Failure Reason continued State Possible Causes Possible Solutions Invalid Request Parameters The LES LECS has rejected a request from the LEC because the request parameters were incompatible with the ELAN The LEC may be requesting a resource that ison an ELAN which has a different LAN type
31. one Emulated LAN ELAN is not seen on i another ELAN as they are logically separate domains 3 z 3 yee For this reason when you plan your network you 3 gt IT AM as should consider what ELANs you require and how E 15 3 Network the VLANs will map to these ELANs 9 a Si er wae a ELAN ELAN ELAN The ATM Module has a LEC for each of the Switch s 16 Lecturer Admin Student VLANS and each VLAN LEC can be mapped onto an U J gd es RES Emulated LAN ELAN In this way Ethernet traffic is Ale mapped to an ELAN by a VLAN to LEC association The N VLAN VLAN VLAN mapping of VLANs to HANS is shown in Figure 3 2 When an Ethernet device attached to a Switch Figure 3 2 VLAN to ELAN Mapping generates traffic the Switch forwards the frames to the appropriate port A unicast frame is only forwarded to a port if the address of the destination device is known to be on that port and the destination port is in the same VLAN as the source port If a unicast frame is forwarded to the ATM port the ATM port uses the destination MAC address to identify the ATM connection to use A broadcast or multicast frame is forwarded to all ports in the same VLAN as the source port If a frame is received by the ATM port the ATM port forwards it to the BUS for the associated VLAN Extending VLANs into the ATM Network 33 Building 1 Building 2 Building 3 Student L VLAN Lecturer VLAN
32. product program or service may be used Any functionally equivalent product program or service that does not infringe any of IBM s intel lectual property rights may be used instead of the IBM product program or service Evaluation and verification of operation in conjunction with other products except those expressly designated by IBM are the user s responsibility IBM may have patents or pending patent applica tions covering subject matter in this document The furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents You can send license inquir ies in writing to the IBM Director of Licensing IBM Corporation 500 Columbus Avenue THORNWOOD NY 10594 USA NOTICES TRADEMARKS AND WARRANTIES Trademarks The following terms are trademarks of the IBM Cor poration in the United States or other countries or both IBM Nways SmartAgent is a registered trademark and PACE is a trademark of 3Com Corporation VT100 is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corpora tion Novell is a registered trademark of Novell Incorpo rated IPX is a trademark of Novell Incorporated Other company product and service names which may be denoted by a double asterisk may be trademarks or service marks of others APPENDIX F NOTICES TRADEMARKS AND WARRANTIES Statement of Limited Warranty The warranties provided by IBM in this State ment of Limited Warranty apply only to Machines you origin
33. the SONET SDH layer a Line A line isthe whole path between one ATM device and the adjacent ATM switch or ATM end station m Section When AIM is used for telephone networks a line may cover a large distance requiring optical repeaters to boost the signal along its way The part of a line between an optical repeater and the adjacent repeater or switch is known as a section SONET STS 3c Synchronous Optical Network SONET is the physical layer most often associated with ATM SONET provides through a framing structure the mechanism for the transport of ATM cells Data can be transferred at 155 52M bps SDH STM 1 gt SDH STM 1 isa physical layer similar to the SONET layer but with some differences in frame fields SDH STM 1 is the physical layer commonly used in Europe The physical layer and ATM layers in the network provide simple performance monitoring functions between ATM devices providing basic information about the health of the link These functions are known as Operation and Maintenance OAM functions 3 ete e b gt This chapter provides a brief overview of Virtual LAN VLAN concepts and describes how to extend VLANs into the ATM network This user guide does not describe how to create or configure VLANs VLAN configuration is described in the user guide that accompanies your Switch What is a Virtual LAN VLAN A Virtual LAN VLAN is a flexible location and
34. topology independent group of end stations communicating as if they are on a common physical LAN You can create VLANs that closely correspond to how your network and business functions For example marketing personnel in different physical locations could be part of one VLAN and finance personnel could be in another VLAN VLANs provide the following benefits m VLANs make moves and changes simple m As each VLAN isa common broadcast domain you can erect firewalls against broadcast storms m VLANs improve security For a full description of VLAN functionality refer to the user guide that accompanies your Switch VIRTUAL LAN CONCEPTS Creating Inter switch VLANs You can create inter switch VLANs using Virtual LAN Trunks VLTS on Fast Ethernet connections as shown in Figure 3 1 VLAN 1 MECH VLAN2 Server d ZS EI y m Workstation Co Figure 3 1 Interswitch VLANs 32 CHAPTER 3 VIRTUAL LAN CONCEPTS Extending VLANs into the ATM Network Virtual Network You can use LAN Emulation to define and extend 1 Lecturer Admin Student VLANs seamlessly through the ATM network as Se en shown in the example in Figure 3 3 er A Em Student LEC LEC LEC Traffic from
35. using the APPLY button are lost To set up an ATM VLAN Select the VLAN that you wish to configure Enter the number associated with the VLAN in the designated field VLAN to LEC mappings are shown in ATM Port Setup on page 8 6 The default VLAN is VLAN 1 the admin VLAN You cannot configure VLAN 15 or VLAN 16 when these VLANs are being used for Auto Select VLANs and Spanning Tree respectively 2 If the VLAN is to be connected to an ELAN select Yes If you do not wish the VLAN to be connected to an ELAN select No If there is a LECS controlling ELANs on your network it should automatically supply the LES address for the ELAN and you should select the LECS option Only select the Manual option if m A LECS isnot in use on the network or m The LECS is unaware of the existence of the ELAN to be joined or m You do not wish the LEC to join a LES controlled by a specific LECS If Manual is selected the LES address field is displayed on the screen and you should enter the ATM address of the LES associated with the selected VLAN ELAN Enter the name of the ELAN that the VLAN is to join The ELAN must have already been set up in the ATM network and be operational Select the APPLY button If the LEC associated with the VLAN is active when APPLY is selected it will temporarily become inactive while the changes are applied and you may experience a brief loss of communication on that connection Extending
36. when OSI N SAP address coding is required No Configuration The LECS LES does not recognize the LEC or the requested ELAN The MAC address may be invalid The LEC may be requesting a resource that is on an ELAN which has a different LAN type to the LEC You may have entered an invalid ELAN name Check that each MAC address on your network is unique Check the LAN type used Check that the ELAN name is correct and the ELAN has been set up correctly Table 9 3 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes Possible Solutions LE CONFIGURE Error This state may be given to refuse a service without giving a specific reason The information provided by the LEC may be invalid You may have entered an invalid ELAN name As this state is used to indicate a range of problems you should check the other states and solutions described in this table If this does not resolve the problem contact 3Com Technical Support Check that the ELAN name is correct and the ELAN has been set up correctly Insuffidient Information The LEC has not provided sufficient information to allow the LECS to assign it to a specific ELAN The MAC address may be invalid The LEC may be requesting a resource that is on an ELAN which has a different LAN type to the LEC You may have entered an invalid ELAN name Check that each MAC address on your network is unique Check the LAN typ
37. 0000000 00A03E000001 00 m The LEC can use a reserved Permanent Virtual Circuit PVC which the ATM Switch has already routed to the LECS The reserved PVC is VPI O VCI 17 CHAPTER 2 NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS Mapping Ethernet and ATM Addresses Each device connected to an Ethernet port has one or more MAC addresses Each ATM device has a number of LAN Emulation clients and each LAN Emulation Client LEC has an ATM address An example of this is shown in Figure 2 3 E E E bel Hosts with gt MAC Addresses Ethernet Switch gt ATM Module M ATM Port with 16 LAN Emulation Clients LECs A each with an ATM Address Figure 2 3 LAN Emulation Clients and Ethernet Hosts These clients represent act as a proxy for devices connected to the Ethernet ports Whenever an Ethernet device wants to communicate with another device over the ATM network the LEC must first discover the ATM address of the LEC that is acting as a proxy for the destination MAC address The LEC must do this for each unicast Ethernet frame sent The process is known as Address Resolution Address Resolution The process by which a LEC associates a LAN destination address with the ATM address of another LEC or the BUS is known as Address Resolution Each LEC keeps a LAN Emulation ARP Table which should not to be confused with the IP ARP Table The ARP Table li
38. 2 11 shows how ATM cells are switched through the ATM network using the VPI VCI values Instead of containing the ATM address of the final destination device each cell header contains the VPI VCI values associated with the virtual channel it is going to take to get to the next ATM Switch in the connection Each ATM switch knows that when it receives a cell with a particular VPI VCI value on one port that it must transmit the cell on another port with another VPI VCI Cells are switched through the network based on these VPI VCI values and switching is performed independently for every cell Each cell can be thought of as taking a virtual channel connection The VPI VCI values are only meaningful in the context of that user to switch or switch to switch interface Identical VPI VCI values can exist on different interfaces within the network Connections that are established dynamically using the Signalling protocol are known as Switched Virtual Circuits SVCs Switched Virtual Circuits are described in Switched Virtual Circuits SVCs on page 2 12 ATM connections can also be established via management and these type of connections are known as Permanent Virtual Circuits PVCs Permanent Virtual Circuits are described in Permanent Virtual Circuits PVCs on page 2 12 Each cell is switched through the ATM network The VPI VCI values
39. 5 6666 You may be required to present proof of purchase IBM or your reseller will provide certain types of repair and exchange service either at your location or at IBM s or your reseller s service center to restore a Machine to good working order When a type of service involves the exchange of a Machine or part the item IBM or your reseller replaces becomes its property and the replacement becomes yours You represent that all removed items are genuine and unaltered The replacement may not be new but will be in good working order and at least functionally equivalent to the item replaced The replacement assumes the warranty service status of the replaced item Before IBM or your reseller exchanges a Machine or part you agree to remove all features parts options alter Statement of Limited Warranty F3 ations and attachments not under warranty ser vice You also agree to ensure that the Machine is free of any legal obligations or restrictions that pre vent its exchange You agree to 1 obtain authorization from the owner to have IBM or your reseller service a Machine that you do not own and 2 where applicable before service is provided a follow the problem determination problem analy sis and service request procedures that IBM or your reseller provide b secure all programs data and funds contained in a Machine and c inform IBM or your reseller of changes in a Machine s location IBM is respo
40. 7 ATM Adaptation Layer AAL 2 8 Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM Layer 2 8 ATM is Cell based 2 8 ATM is Service Transparent 2 9 ATM is Connection oriented 2 9 Terminology 1 ATM Terminology 1 Finding Information in This Guide 2 Conventions 2 Related Documentation 3 1 FEATURES AND BENEFITS A Switched Virtual Circuits SVCs 2 12 ATM Module Features 1 2 Permanent Virtual Circuits PVCs 2 12 ATM Interfaces 2 12 2 NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS Interim Local Management Interface ILMI 2 13 The Layered Network Architecture 2 1 ATM Address Registration 2 13 Upper Layer Protocols 2 2 The ATM Layer and Cell Structure 2 14 What is LAN Emulation LANE 2 2 Physical Layer 2 15 LAN Emulation Components 2 3 SONET STS 3c 2 15 LAN Emulation Client LEC 2 3 SDH STM 1 2 15 LAN Emulation Server LES 2 3 Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS 2 3 3 VIRTUAL LAN CONCEPTS LAN Emulation Configuration Server LECS 2 3 What is a Virtual LAN VLAN 3 1 LAN Emulation Components in Your Network 2 4 Creating Inter switch VLANs 3 1 EAE Selon ancient Degas Extending VLANs into the ATM Network 3 2 Joining the ELAN 2 5 Locating the LECS 2 5 PUTTING YOUR ATM NETWORK TOGETHER Planning Your Network 4 1 ATM Configuration Rules 4 2 Extending VLANs Through the ATM Network 4 2 ATM Connections Within Your Network 4 3 NETWORK CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES ATM Backbone in the Building 5 1 Campus Configuration 5 2 Making a Building Resilient to Network Failure
41. 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module User s Guide OPTIONS by IBM TTT uope1odioy WA UM penuo ajnpayos dav VSD ul YOY JES SUO PLSAI 0 ere ai a nsopsip Jo uoreSldnp easy sqybu papu 0 p se p UOEUSUWUNDOG ISSN JUSLULUSAOD SN 0 ION 09343534 SIHON TIV L66T NOLLVdOdYOD SINIHIVIN SSANISNE TWNOLLVNYALNI LHOMAdOD noA o uore lgo Aue BuLundul noyym aJeudoldde zone y Aem Aue ul UONEWUIOJUI SU SINQUISIP 10 asn 0 34u anisnpxe uou e Wg JUeIH noA all 0 UOWMeEUUOJUI pues noA USUM von 60 1212 IN Xd Vd FIDNVIAL HOY VISITA S6TZT X09 Od uone1odiod Wal Jusuidopenag UONEULIOJUL 9 usq 399 Jusuyuedag 0 Wy ssauppe se jd uone gt qnd siy UO squauuuuO gt Aue aney NOK y MOO Laf ssouppe y Je pO Jou ap SUODEOIOTV eso INA Burns 3310 LDUSIO nal 243 JO anDEILSAICa Nal ANoA yBnalyy suoneqnd pO Tie UOA Sg Jua e yum ZTL 729 ZT9 YZS SPPON Le NYT PYH SAeMN TLZ8 Wal pUe SO T UOA auemyos Juo e YM aINPolN DO DE WLY LOUMS NYT PUYA SEMN TLZ8 Nal au 07 sarjdde uonpe s yL Leet 42q0PO UONIP3 SI 10JU PJES y xIpuadd y Ipun uo AeuUUOsU u6 ayy Ped 0 ans aq suoddns y pnpold y pue UOReUUOJU siy Buisn 210398 CONTENTS Mapping Ethernet and ATM Addresses 2 6 ABOUT THIS GUIDE Address Resolution 2 6 Introduction 1 LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol LE _ARP 2 7 What Happens to Unicast Frames 2 7 What Happens to Broadcast and Multicast Frames 2
42. ACHOCTU B AOKyMeHTe BHumaHne MHCTpykuna no TEXHNKE 6E30NACHOCTN MpoyecTb B MEPBYIO ovepenp SD21 0030 B arTo poupe onucaHbl Gesonac Hble CNOCO bI KaGnupoBaHuA N NOAKNIOYeHUA BNeKT puyeckoro OO6opynoBaHua Nebezpe enstvo Pred in tal ciou v robku si pre tajte bezpe nost predpisy v V straha Bezpe ost predpisy Pre taj ako prv SD21 0030 V tejto bro rke s op san bezpe nost postupy pre pripojenie elektrick ch zariaden felh BAEENT gt cat Aca KEEN SD21 0030 Ir Su D EN ZEHN ZERR gt SERUM IE ES SS RIES BEARS VCCI RAR COU BRB C TER TER ANZ Ce LAU CO BERS Ike ANS UPR eS E AE HARZ VCCI EIC LCBO ED WoT EERE TAL OBE LHR CHAD BE FOAL FLEA VEE WA CEB BA BL EMD OETS HGRA BCE TIE LVR ORV LTR SV Opasnost Prije nego sto p cnete sa instalacijom produkta procitajte naputak o pravilima o sigurnom rukovanju u Upozorenje Pravila o sigurnom rukovanju Prvo pro itaj ovo D21 0030 Ovaj privitak opisuje sigurnosne postupke za orikliucrivanie kabela i orikliucivanie na elektricno nanaianie gt ATTENTION gt gt gt gt gt gt gt APPENDIX A SAFETY INFORMATION Class 1 LED LED Product Klasse 1 Luokan 1 Appareil a LED LEDLAITE de Classe 1 DANGER Installation and removal of the unit must be carried out by qualified personnel only DANGER L installation et l enl vement de l unit doivent tre faits s
43. Bandwidth Used Shows the percentage of available receive bandwidth that is currently being used by received cells CHAPTER 9 MONITORING THE ATM MODULE Receive Errors Shows the percentage of cells received that have errors For example cells received with corrupted header information Header Error Control HEC Receive Errors indicate that there is something wrong with the link and you should check for the following faults m Weak transmitter Contact your supplier or Technical Support as described in Appendix E m The optic fiber cable is too long or does not meet other technical specifications Check the cable against the technical specification given in Appendix C ATM Module Technical Specifications m The optic fiber connectors are dirty To clean the connectors follow the instructions given in Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors on page D 24 m If there is no traffic on the port but there are Receive Errors the SONET Scramble techniques on the ATM Module and ATM Switch are probably incompatible Ensure that the SONET standards used are the same for the ATM Module and the ATM Switch The screen also shows the AALS layer statistics AAL is a set of protocols that translate user traffic from higher layer applications protocols into small fixed size cells and reassembles them into the higher level frame format at the destination device The ATM Module supports AAL5 The screen shows the followin
44. C SVCs are set Client LEC is going to join configured correctly up dynamically by the signalling protocol SVCs For example if your network uses a LAN Emulation require very little configuration and only use the Client Server LECS does the LECS know about resources you need For these reasons SVCs are the LES and is the LES active Have you supplied a commonly used in the LAN environment valid ELAN name Permanent Virtual Circuits PVC You may need to use a PVC within your network when a gt Configuring the LECS and LES is outside of the scope remote edge device does not support Switched of this user guide Consult the user guide that Virtual Circuits For example remote edge devices accompanies the device implementing the LECS or LES in Wide Area Networks WANs often use PVCs 4 4 CHAPTER 4 PUTTING YOUR ATM NETWORK TOGETHER Figure 4 1 shows an example of a network configuration where a remote edge device does not support LAN Emulation based on SVCs it only supports PVC LAN Emulation Supports SVC Ba Fu a Pr 4 K Edge Switch d ATM Switch A N Edge Swich Does Not Support SVC Figure 4 1 SVC Signalling Not Supported in Remote Edge device NETWORK CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES ere e b This chapter provides examples of possible network
45. Entry An easy way to edit an entry is to select a similar entry from the listbox using the spacebar The far end ATM and MAC addresses of that entry are shown in the edit fields You can then edit the addresses without losing or changing the original entry and select the INSERT button to create a new entry If you cannot select an entry in the listbox because you are creating the first entry use the following method 1 Inthe Far MAC Address field type in the MAC address of the device to be added to the database 2 Inthe Far AT Address field type in the far end ATM address 3 Select the INSERT button 8 10 CHAPTER 8 MANAGING THE ATM MODULE Finding an Address Entry 1 Inthe Far MAC Address field type in the MAC address associated with the ATM address you are trying to locate 2 Select the FIND ATM ADDRESS button An asterisk is shown next to the entry in the database listbox Updating Address Entries To view up to date ARP Table entries select the REFRESH button Deleting an Address Entry 1 Within the listbox use the spacebar to select the entry you wish to delete 2 Select the DELETE button Displaying an ATM Connection This section describes how to create and view ATM connections in the ATM Connection Table To access the ATM Connection Table screen access the ATM Port Setup screen as described in ATM Port Setup on page 8 6 and then select the CONNECTION TABLE button An example
46. Installation Checks Post Installation Checks This section describes the LEDs and basic checks that you can use to verify your installation and to ensure that the Switch and ATM Module are operating correctly 66 CHAPTER 6 INSTALLING AND SETTING UP THE MODULE LED Summary This section describes the LEDs that provide status and troubleshooting information Table 6 1 lists the Switch LEDs and Table 6 2 lists ATM Module LEDs Table 6 1 LEDs on the Switch LED Name Color State Indicates MGMT Green Switch and ATM Module are On the front of operating normally the Switch Green Switch or ATM Module is either flashing downloading software or initializing which includes a Power On Self Test Yellow Switch has failed its Power On Self Test POST Yellow ATM Module failed its Power On Self flashing Test POST OFF No power to the Switch Module Green AT port enabled link present On the front of the Switch Green ATM port disabled link present flashing Green This LED will flash until all configured long on LECs have successfully joined their short off ELANs Yellow ATM agent software is not installed correctly or the ATM Module has failed its POST if the MGMT LED is flashing yellow Yellow Switch has not recognized the ATM flashing Module OFF The ATM Module is not installed or a link is not present on the ATM port or the ATM Switch is not on Table 6 2 LEDs on the ATM Module
47. Log 7 es Port k JA cup Setup Sch ATM LEC Setup r r Nr Nr Local Create Users Delete Users Edit Users Security zei un EC d d Port Port Unit nit nit ATM Port Statistics Resltence Port Setup Statistics Database Resilience Unit Setup Unit Setup VLAN Server VLAN Setup Port Setup JR L View j Summary IA Statistics A Port Traffic Port Error ATM ATM se ATM Module Statistics Analysis LEC Setup ARP Table Table Configuration X y u E L A J ATM LEC Setup Figure 9 1 Status Monitoring Screen Map ATM VLAN E WES Siite Statistics J 92 CHAPTER 9 MONITORING THE ATM MODULE Statistics Overview This section provides a brief overview of the additional statistics that are available when you install an ATM Module Refer to the user guide that accompanies the Switch for information about the statistics that are provided by the Switch software Table 9 1 groups the available statistics into logical categories and tells you where each statistic is located Table 9 1 Statistics and Status Summary Monitoring Use Backbone To estimate the amount of traffic down the backbone ATM Port Statistics screen Transmit Bandwidth Used m Receive Bandwidth Used Physical Connection To check that the physical connection is operational ATM Physical Layer Statistics screen m Errored Seconds Near m Errored Seconds Far m Severe Errored Sec Near m Sev
48. N60068 IEC68 UL 1950 EN60950 CSA 22 2 No 950 ECMA 97 EN55022 Class B FCC Part 15 Class A C108 8 M 1983 Class A EN 50082 1 IEC801 Parts 2 5 EN60555 Part 2 ATM Cable Specification In addition to adhering to your local standards all cables must conform to The American National Standard ATM Physical Layer Medium Dependent PM D standard ISO 166 1990 American National Standards Institute The ATM cable you connect to the ATM Module must conform to the Multi Mode Fiber MMF PMD standard defined by ANSI x 3 166 1992 IBM supports 62 5 125mm Multi M ode Fiber MMF PMD The maximum inter station distance including device to network connectors should not exceed 2 kilometers 1 25 miles Table C 2 on page C 2 shows the cable specifications for standard multi mode cabling APPENDIX C ATM MODULE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Table C 2 Standard Multi mode Cable Specifications Spedfication Description Core 62 5um diameter Cladding 125um diameter nominal 122um minimum 128um maximum Numerical aperture 0 275 Maximum attenuation I1dB including 1dB allowed for reflection and dispersion penalties Modal bandwidth 500 MHz km Maximum distance between 2km 1 25 miles nodes Output power from transceiver 20dB minimum 14dB maximum Receiver power 31dB minimum sensitivity gt 14dB maximum sensitivity Maximum attenuation includes attenuation and the loss induced by other compo
49. Part Number 02L1334 eee e e This chapter describes the main features of the IBM 8271 Nways Ethemet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module and the benefits of ATM within your network The ATM Module provides a high speed ATM connection between your IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch and the ATM network Positioned within a workgroup or departmental LAN the ATM Module provides a fast ATM downlink to the building or ATM campus Resilient links protect your Switch from network and equipment failure while the software upgrade feature future proofs your Switch by allowing you to add new features as they become available Additional features are provided by the Switch and you should refer to the guide that accompanies your Switch for more details The Release Notes that accompany the ATM Module list the IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switches that support the ATM Module FEATURES AND BENEFITS ATM Benefits ATM is the only technology specifically designed to carry voice video and data traffic simultaneously and to provide the required level of service that these different applications need in order to run effectively across a network ATM provides the following benefits m It is easy and low cost to add additional services to the ATM network m Services can be added as and when they are needed It is easier to scale ATM networks compared to other network technologies m ATM devices interoperate with your existing netw
50. TM Port Statistics screen is shown in Figure 9 3 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH Port Statistics health m AALS layer health and use m ATM layer health and use To view the ATM Port statistics 1 Select the SWITCH MANAGEMENT option from the Main Menu The Switch Management screen is displayed as shown in Figure 9 2 IBH 271 Nways Switch Hanagement Management Level Port Port ID default 1 Enter port number 1 24 25 Module 26 188BASE TX STATS RESILIENCE SETUP CANCEL Figure 9 2 Switch Management Screen 2 Enter the number of the ATM port in the Port ID field Port ID 25 Transmit Bandwidth Used 26 Receive Bandwidth Used 26 Receive Errors 6 AALS Layer Frames Received 4126444842 Octets Received 2897613219 Frames Transmitted 4108619456 Octets Transmitted 918467436 Errored Frames 8 Discarded Frames 130237 ATH Layer Cells Received 68112718 Errored Cells 8 Cells Transmitted 31261943 Bad UCC Received 8 CLEAR SCREEN COUNTERS LEC PHYSICAL CANCEL Figure 9 3 ATM Port Statistics Screen The figures shown for each statistic on this screen include ATM management traffic and normal Ethernet traffic The ATM Port Statistics screen displays the following fields Port ID Identifies the currently selected port Transmit Bandwidth Used Shows the percentage of available transmit bandwidth that is currently being used by transmit cells Receive
51. VLANs into the ATM Network 8 5 Displaying all VLANs If you wish to display the VLAN membership for all ports on the Switch complete the following steps If you wish to configure VLANs for the ATM Module you should use the ATM VLAN Setup screen as described in Extending VLANs into the ATM Network on page 8 4 Select the SWITCH MANAGEMENT option from the Main Menu The Switch Management screen is displayed as shown in Figure 8 4 IBH 8271 Nways Switch Management Management Level Port Port ID default 1 Enter port number 1 24 25 Module 26 166BASE TX STATS RESILIENCE SETUP CANCEL Figure 8 4 Switch Management Screen 2 Forthe Management Level field select the VLAN option and press the TAB key The screen shown in Figure 8 5 on page 8 6 is displayed Select the SETUP button to display the VLAN Setup screen An example of the VLAN Setup screen is shown in Figure 8 6 on page 8 6 8 6 CHAPTER 8 MANAGING THE ATM MODULE IBH 8271 Nways Switch Hanagement Management Level ULAN SERVER SETUP CANCEL Figure 8 5 VLAN Selected Screen IBH 8271 Nways Switch ULAN Setup Port Type ULAN Membership DBOMNAN EWN o Port ID 1 ULAN ID 1 Backbone Port No APPLY CANCEL Figure 8 6 Switch VLAN Setup Screen Use Ctrl D keys to scroll down the list box to view the rest of the list including the ATM port
52. a LECS on A task could not be completed within its allotted time frame set up to use a LECS but a LECS is either not present on the network or broken The LES for the ELAN is not functioning correctly your network ensure that it is operational and on part of the network that can be accessed by the ATM Module If a LECS is not present on the network you must enter the LES Address for each ELAN manually using the ATM VLAN Setup Screen see Extending VLANs into the ATM Network on page 8 4 Contact Technical Support Undefined Error An error has occurred but no cause can be identified Unknown Contact Technical Support Version Not Supported LANE 1 0 not supported The LANE services you are trying to connect to do not support LANE version 1 0 Ensure that the LANE Services use LANE 1 0 continued Table 9 3 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes Possible Solutions Invalid Request Parameters The LES LECS has rejected a request from the LEC because the request parameters were incompatible with the ELAN The LEC may be requesting a resource that is on an ELAN which has a different LAN type to the LEC The frame size used could be wrong Check the underlying media for both the ELAN and the LEC requesting the service Check the frame sizes being used Duplicate LAN Destination A destination source MAC address duplica
53. act IBM Technical Support Switch powers up but then Insufficient power supply shuts itself down after a few minutes m Wiring closet is too hot m Vents are blocked m System fans are not operating If the Switch powered up correctly before the ATM Module was installed there may be insufficient power available to power the Switch under heavy traffic conditions Refer to the Release Notes Check that the room temperature does not exceed 50 C 122 F and that the Switch is positioned correctly so that it has adequate ventilation If the temperature exceeds the recommendations lower the thermostat and wait for the room to reach the correct temperature range Restart the Switch If the Switch turns itself off again contact IBM Technical Support Circuit breaker trips m External wiring problem Power supply failure Tum the Switch off Check with your local electricity supplier or company electrician that there is not an extemal electricity problem If you suspect the problem is caused by an IBM device contact IBM Technical Support Power On Self Test POST Failure Table D 6 Power On Self Test POST Failure Problem Possible Causes Solving Known Problems Possible Solutions Switch Fails Power On Self m The version of software on your Switch Test POST is not correct MGMT LED is Yellow There is a hardware problem with the Switch ATM Module Fails PowerON as The version of software on y
54. akes you to the ATM VLAN LEC Status screen which allows you to monitor the health of LECs and identifies the cause of any connection failures The ATM VLAN LEC Status screen is described in ATM VLAN LEC Status on this page PHYSICAL This button takes you to the Physical Layer Statistics Screen which allows you to monitor the health of the physical connection and is more useful in a WAN environment The Physical Layer Statistics Screen is described in ATM Physical Layer Statistics on page 9 10 ATM VLAN LEC Status 95 ATM VLAN LEC Status The ATM VLAN LEC Status screen shows LEC statistics for the ATM port You can use the status information to monitor the health of a VLAN s LEC and to track down the cause of any problems You can also monitor the amount of Ethernet traffic on the selected VLAN To access VLAN statistics first access the ATM Port Statistics screen as described in ATM Port Statistics on page 9 3 and then select the LEC button An example of the ATM VLAN LEC Status screen is shown in Figure 9 4 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH ULAN LEC Status Port ULAN Last Frame Frame Select the ULAN to be monitored in the field below LEC State Active LEC ELAN Name LEC ATM Address LEC Operation at Failure None ID 25 D elan4212_8 47 000000000000000000000000 08 BB 88ebF8 88 LEC Failure Reason None s Received s Transmitted 483905118 462252145 Octets Received
55. allows the cable to support end to end bandwidth of 250M Hz at the maximum 2km 1 25 miles distance To check that the bandwidth of your fiber is within an acceptable range Divide the amount of bandwidth available according to the fiber specification by the total length of fiber km If the result is lower than 250M Hz the link may be prone to bit errors You should shorten the length of the fiber or use a different fiber until the result of the calculation reaches 250M Hz Example A cable with modal bandwidth of 500 MHz km will have 250 MHz of bandwidth at 2km 1 25 miles The same cable would have a 500MHz of bandwidth at 1km 0 625 miles A fiber cable with a bandwidth specification of 200 MHz km would have only 100M Hz of bandwidth at 2km 1 25 miles which would not support ATM In this case another type of fiber which has a bandwidth of 155MHz would be required ATM Cable Specification CA APPENDIX C ATM MODULE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS TROUBLESHOOTING D ete e D How to Use this Guide to Troubleshoot This troubleshooting section describes how to identify the cause of a problem and suggests possible solutions Troubleshooting has been divided into four sections a Using LEDs LEDs on the Switch and ATM Module provide valuable status information that can be used for troubleshooting You may find it useful to familiarize yourself with these LEDs before reading the troubleshooting sugg
56. ally purchase for your use and not for resale from IBM or your reseller The term Machine means an IBM machine its features conversions upgrades elements or accessories or any combination of them Unless IBM specifies otherwise the following warran ties apply only in the country where you acquire the Machine If you have any questions contact IBM or your reseller Machine IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module Warranty Period 1 Year Contact your place of purchase for warranty service information Production Status Each Machine is manufactured from new parts or new and used parts In some cases the Machine may not be new and may have been previously installed Regardless of the Machine s production status IBM s warranty terms apply The IBM Warranty for Machines IBM warrants that each Machine 1 is free from defects in materials and workmanship and 2 conforms to IBM s Official Published Specifica tions The warranty period for a Machine is a speci fied fixed period commencing on its Date of Installation The date on your receipt is the Date of Installation unless IBM or your reseller informs you otherwise During the warranty period IBM or your reseller if authorized by IBM will provide warranty service under the type of service designated for the Machine and will manage and install engineering changes that apply to the Machine For IBM or your reseller to provide warranty servi
57. and Bit Settings Desired Value of VPI Number of bits required o o Oorl 1 within the range 0 3 2 within the range 0 7 3 default within the range 0 15 4 Max VCI Bits The number of bits available for the VCI is calculated automatically using the following equation MAX VCI Bits 11 minus the value of Max VPI Bits ILMI VCC This number identifies the connection used for Interim Local Management Interface ILM I requests The first field identifies the Virtual Path and the second field identifies the Virtual Channel You should only change the ILMI VCC if the ATM switch connected to ATM Module does not use the default ILMI VCC VPI 0 VCI 16 VCC connections with values O zero to 31 are reserved for standard connections and you should avoid using these values wherever possible Hardware Version Shows the version number of the ATM Module hardware 8 4 CHAPTER 8 MANAGING THE ATM MODULE An example of the ATM LEC Setup screen is shown in Upgradable Software Version Shows the version number of agent software stored on the ATM Module in Flash EPROM Boot Software Version This is the version number of the boot software stored on the ATM Module You should keep a copy of these version numbers in Case you need to contact IBM technical support ATM LEC SETUP This button takes you to the ATM LEC Setup Screen as shown in Figure 8 3 which allows you to extend VLANs into the ATM network Extending VLANs
58. and RX cable connectors at one end of the link The cable is caught under a heavy object or become bent out of shape Remove any obstructions and straighten out any kinks in the cable The connector itself is physically damaged Contact your repair center for advice Refer to Appendix E Technical Support and Service for more details To transmit traffic the port must have a Port State of Enabled and the Link State must be Present CHAPTER 8 MANAGING THE ATM MODULE Lost Links The number of times a link was unable to transmit traffic that is the number of times since the device was reset that the Link State became Not Available LEC States Shows the status of the LEC for each VLAN The state can be LEC Active traffic is passing through the LEC LEC Inactive traffic is not passing through the LEC LEC Not in Use you have decided not to connect this VLAN to the ATM network The VLAN may still be in operation within the Switch CONAG This button takes you to the ATM Module Configuration screen which allows you to monitor and set the standards used by the ATM Module to communicate with other ATM devices The ATM Module Configuration screen is described in Configuring an ATM Port on page 8 2 ARP TABLE This button takes you to the ARP Table screen which allows you to displays the ATM and MAC addresses on remote devices The ARP Table screen is described in Mapping Far End MAC Ad
59. ation Components in Your Network Each Emulated LAN consists of a single LANE Service and a number of LAN Emulation clients A LANE Service consists of m ALAN Emulation Server LES m A Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS Optional LAN Emulation Configuration Server LECS Figure 2 2 shows a logical view of a typical ELAN Server LES Client BUS ATM Network LEC wf A an T Client LEC Router LECS optional Figure 2 2 LAN Emulation Components The router shown in Figure 2 2 is not a LAN Emulation component but would be required should a device on one Emulated LAN need to communicate with a device on another Emulated LAN You may wish to have more than one LECS on your network for security reasons For example you may wish the Finance department to be controlled by one LECS and the rest of your network to be controlled by a different LECS LAN Emulation and IBM Devices LAN Emulation components are implemented in ATM devices The LAN Emulation standards referenced in the Bibliography do not specify how each vendor implements each of these components Joining the ELAN Before a LAN Emulation Client LEC can transmit any Ethernet frames onto the ATM network it must first join an ELAN To join the ELAN The LEC must know the name of the ELAN it is to join The ELAN name is specified through the management software on the Switch
60. ce for a feature conversion or upgrade IBM or your reseller may require that the Machine on which it is installed be 1 for certain Machines the designated serial numbered Machine and 2 at an engineer ing change level compatible with the feature con version or upgrade Many of these transactions involve the removal of parts and their return to IBM that are provided on an exchange basis You repre sent that all removed parts are genuine and unal tered A part that replaces a removed part will assume the warranty service status of the replaced part If a Machine does not function as warranted during the warranty period IBM or your reseller will repair or replace it with one that is at least functionally equivalent without charge The replacement may not be new but it will be in good working order If IBM or your reseller is unable to repair or replace the Machine you may retum it to your place of pur chase and your money will be refunded If you transfer a Machine to another user warranty service is available to that user for the remainder of the warranty period You should give your proof of purchase and this Statement to that user However for machines which have a life time warranty this warranty is not transferable Warranty Service To obtain warranty service for the Machine you should contact your reseller or call IBM In the United States call IBM at 1 800 IBM SERV 426 7378 In Canada call IBM at 1 800 46
61. cess the IBM elec tronic site to obtain the latest version of microcode drivers and software by using the Internet World Wide Web FTP or the IBM BSS http www networking ibm com This is the IBM Networking home page From here you can access product announcements publica tions and other information regarding hardware and software updates and a technical support infor mation database The direct path to the support area is http www networking ibm com nes neshome html lansupport raleigh ibm com TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND SERVICE IBM Bulletin Board System Using a modem you can access the IBM BSS to obtain the latest versions of software Set your modem and communications software to m 8 data bits m no parity m 1 stop bit Dial one of the following numbers m United States 919 517 0001 m Toronto 905 316 4255 m Vancouver 604 664 6464 m Montreal 514 938 3022 Voice Support IBM Network Hardware support 1 800 772 2227 Follow the menu prompts for Network Hardware For support outside of the United States please contact your IBM marketing representative or IBM reseller E 2 APPENDIX E TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND SERVICE References in this publication to IBM products pro grams or services do not imply that IBM intends to make these available in all countries in which IBM operates Any reference to an IBM product pro gram or service is not intended to state or imply that only IBM s
62. cessed the facility using a Telnet session or modem the connection will be closed automatically IBH 8271 Nways Switch Hain Henu SET USER ACCESS LEVELS STATUS MANAGEMENT SETUP SOFTWARE UPGRADE INITIALIZE RESET REMOTE POLL ATM CONFIGURATION LOGOFF Figure 7 4 Main Screen Automatic Logout There is a built in security timeout on the VT100 interface If you do not press any keys for three minutes a message warns you that the inactivity timer is about to expire If you do not press a key within 10 seconds the timer will expire and the screen will be locked any displayed statistics will continue to be updated When you next press any key the display changes to the Auto Logout screen The Auto Logout screen asks you to enter your password again If the password is correctly entered the screen that was active when the timer expired is re displayed If you make a mistake entering your password you are returned to the Logon screen MANAGING THE ATM MODULE 8 ete le D This chapter describes how to manage the ATM Module If you wish to view statistics refer to Chapter Figure 8 1 shows the screen map Management features are shown in gray to help you locate the 9 Monitoring the ATM Module screen you need vansa
63. connected If you have connectors that can be reversed you may need to reverse the TX and RX cable connectors at one end of the link Make sure that the cable does not exceed the cable length or other technical specifications Check the cable against the technical specification given in Appendix C Remove any obstructions and straighten out any kinks in the cable If you suspect that the fiber optic connector is dirty refer to Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors on page D 24 10 11 If you suspect that the fiber optic cable is not working replace the cable with a cable known to be working and check the Link Status LED Check that the cable has not been accidently plugged into an FDDI connector at one end of the connection Check that the ATM Module and ATM Switch are using compatible transmit clocking options Check that the Line Rate settings on the two devices are compatible If there is still a problem contact your repair center for advice For more details refer to Appendix E ATM Physical Layer Statistics 9 14 CHAPTER 9 MONITORING THE ATM MODULE SAFETY INFORMATION You must read the following safety information before carrying out any installation or removal of components or any maintenance procedures on the Switch Safety Notices Safety notices are printed throughout this manual DANGER notices warn you of conditions or proce dures that can result in death or severe personal
64. cs Resilience Port Setup Statistics Database Resilience Unit Setup Unit Setup VLAN Server UNS Port u J View Summary Statistics Tr E ATM Port Traffic Port Error ATM ATM IReannecion ATM Module Statistics Analysis LEC Setup ARPTable nee Configuration 8 lt LEC Status Ee ATM Physical LEC Setup ATMVLAN Layer Statistics Figure 7 1 Screen Map Logging On 1 Connect your terminal to the Console port using a cross over cable for a serial line connection 2 At your terminal press Retum two or more times until the Main Banner is displayed as shown in Figure 7 2 IBM 8271 Nways Switch 8271 Model 612 Switch Press Enter to Continue Figure 7 2 Main Banner The Console port will automatically detect the line speed baud rate and use the following default settings m auto baud m 8 character size data bits m 1 stop bit no party Character size stop bit flow control and parity values cannot be changed Logging On 7 3 If your terminal is already setup with these values the Main Banner will appear as soon as power up is complete 3 Atthe Main Banner press Return to display the Logon screen as shown in Figure 7 3 IBH 8271 Nways Switch Logon User Name ME Password 1 OK Figure 7 3 Logon Screen 4 Type in your user name and password Note that they are both case sensiti
65. csak akkor maradnak fenn ha a kapcsol d berendez s szint n biztons gi fesz lts g SELV ramk rk nt m k dik OI 1 EC Daer 9500SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage DRED LE TR LETA y Lib OMAR RR LIE T ORBEA S E L VOZ 272 LTW SE RICHY ET ZN IEC 9500 12 SELV 2224 Safety Extra Low Voltage told 25501 AAE ul SELVSF A ASS S We APO At ao PAE REO Jednostka pracuje pod napieciem SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage Bezpiecznie niskie napiecie zgodnym z warunkami IEC 950 spetnionymi jedynie w wczas gdy sprzet do kt rego jest podiaczona dziata r wniez pod tym napieciem Zo ycTpo cTBO paboTaeT no cTaHmapTy IEC 950 B ycnoBusx Be3omacHo Huskoro HanpaxeHns SELV TonbKo npn ycnoBnn yTO BCe OOOpyMOBaHue B enn OTBEYAeT craHnaptam SELV Tato jenotka pracuje pod bezpe n m nap t m pod a IEC 950 ale len v pripade Ze zariadenie ku ktor mu je pripojen tak isto pracuje pod bezpe n m nap t m Naprava deluje pod pogoji SELV za ite Za ita z Varnostno Malo Napetostjo vskladu 2 IEC 950 Pogoji delovanja so zagotovljeni samo v primeru e naprava na katero je priklju ena deluje tudi pod za ito z malo napetostjo ARELA SN REE arr RIR IEC un EA ERAR EMULE SELV a MOFA ATAR EOL RR Safety Notices A 8 APPENDIX A SAFETY INFORMATION This appendix lists the security access level you must have to be able to access the ATM Module local management screens and lists the type o
66. d link present flashing Green This LED will flash until all configured long on LECs have successfully joined their short off ELANs Yellow ATM agent software is not installed correctly or the ATM Module has failed its POST if the MGMT LED is flashing yellow Yellow Switch has not recognized the ATM flashing Module OFF The ATM Module is not installed or a link is not present on the ATM port or the ATM Switch is not on LED Name Color State Indicates Far End Status Green The ATM Switch has not On AT Module detected an error on the ATM Module s transmit link The ATM Switch at the far end OFF of the connection has detected a and Link problem with the ATM Module s Status LED is transmit connection and Green notified the ATM Module For example the transmit half of the ATM Modules cable has been disconnected at either the ATM Module end or ATM Switch end of the connection The cable between the ATM OFF Module and ATM Switch has and Link been disconnected Status LED is OFF Link Status Green A link is present on the ATM On ATM Module port and the port is receiving valid SONET frames OFF The Link is not present on the ATM Port Yellow The ATM port is transmitting On AT Module Ethernet LANE Signalling or control frames OFF The ATM port is not transmitting cells RX Yellow The ATM port is receiving data On ATM Module cells OFF The ATM port is not receiving incoming cell
67. d radio television technician for addi tional suggestions The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful How to Identify and Resolve Radio TV Interference Problems This booklet is available from the U S Government Printing Office Washington DC 20402 Stock No 004 000 00345 4 In order to meet FCC emissions limits this equip ment must be used only with cables which comply with IEEE 802 3 GLOSSARY AAL ANSI ARP ASIC ATM ATM Adaptation Layer A set of protocols that translate user higher layer protocols into ATM cell format The AAL is divided into the Convergence Sublayer CS and the Segmentation and Reassembly SAR sublayer American National Standards Institute A United States technology standards organization Address Resolution Protocol See LE ARP Application Specific Integrated Circuit Asynchronous Transfer Mode A connection oriented transmission protocol based on fixed length cells packets of 53 bytes including a 5 byte cell header in length The ATM concept was defined by ANSI and ITU formerly CCITT for carrying a complete range of user traffic including voice data and video signals on any User To Network Interface UNI ATM Forum A consortium of organizations representing vendors manufacturers carriers service providers universities research groups consultants and users The ATM Forum recommends and
68. ddition it also receives cells from the physical layer strips off the cell header and passes the remaining 48 bytes to the higher layer protocols The ATM cell has 48 bytes of payload information to be carried and five bytes of header information making the cell 53 bytes in length The cell header contains the information used by the network to forward each cell to its destination The ATM cell structure is shown in Figure 2 10 Cell Header Payload A 1 a Sp Y GFC VPI VO PTI CLP HEC User Data Key GFC Generic Flow Control on UNI only PTI Payload Type Identifier VPI Virtual Path Identifier CLP Cell Loss Priority VCI Virtual Channel Identifer HEC Header Error Control Figure 2 10 ATM Cell Structure The ATM cell header consists of the following fields Generic How Control GFC Provides local functions such as flow control over the User to Network Interface UNI The value encoded in the GFC is not carried end to end and can be overwritten by the ATM Switch Virtual Path Identifier VPI and Virtual Channel Identifier VCI The VPI VCI values allow the network to associate a cell with a given connection so that the cell can be switched to its destination Payload Type Identifier PTI The PTI is used to indicate whether the cell contains user information or management information The management information is used for resource and network congestion management
69. defines specifications for ATM standards promotes industry cooperation in the implementation of ATM technologies and encourages the use of ATM products and services ATM Switch An ATM device responsible for switching the cells B ISDN BUS Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network A protocol platform to support the integrated high speed transmission of data audio and video in a seamless fashion ATM emerged as a suitable transport standard Broadcast and Unknown Server A server that forwards multicast broadcast and unknown destination address traffic to the LECs attached to the Emulated LAN Byte An Octet or 8 bits of data Basic ATM transmission unit It is a 53 byte packet consisting of a 5 byte header and a 48 byte payload User traffic is segmented into cells at the source and reassembled at the destination Cell Header The 5 byte ATM cell header contains control information regarding the destination path and flow control More specifically it contains the following fields GFG VPI VCI PTI CLP and HEC CLP Cell Loss Priority A 1 bit field in the ATM cell header that corresponds to the loss priority of a cell Lower priority CLP 1 cells can be discarded under congestion situations connectionless Communications service where packets are transferred from source to destination without the need for a pre established connection connection oriented Communications service where
70. dresses on this page CONNECTION TABLE This button takes you to the ATM Connection Table screen which allows you to display ATM connection details The ATM Connection Table is described in Displaying an ATM Connection on page 8 10 Mapping Far End MAC Addresses To communicate with a device the software must be able to map the MAC address of the destination device to the destination edge device s ATM address This mapping is normally performed by the LEC and for the vast majority of devices you do not need to map MAC addresses to ATM addresses The MAC address and ATM address mappings are stored in the LAN Emulation ARP Table which should not be confused with the IP ARP Table To access the ATM ARP Table screen access the ATM Port Setup screen as described in ATM Port Setup on page 8 6 and then select the ARP TABLE button An example of the ATM ARP Table screen is shown in Figure 8 8 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH ARP Table ULAN DI Port 25 Far MAC Address Far ATM Address Network Host Selector Type 68 004e 085b44 47 000000000000000000000009 68 604e 6b8a57 68 Dynamic 68 604e 6b8a57 47 808008008808808080808080888 68 604e 6b8a57 68 Dynamic 68604e11e917 47 808008008080808080808080888 68 604e11e917 68 Dynamic FFFFFFFFFFFF 47 000000000000000000000009 8 c 8da6 81874 60 Dynamic Far MAC Address Far ATM Address FIND ATM ADDRESS REFRESH INSERT DELETE CANCEL Figu
71. e used Check that the ELAN name is correct and the ELAN has been set up correctly LEC Operation at Failure Identifies the operation that was being carried out when the LEC setup failed This field should be used in conjunction with the Last LEC Failure Reason to identify the cause of the problem The possible operations are shown in Table 9 4 ATM VLAN LEC Status 99 Table 9 4 LEC Operation at Failure Operation Description None There are no known operation failures Calling LECS The LEC is trying to connect to the LECS to receive LANE configuration information Reading The LEC receives configuration Configuration information from the LECS in from LECS preparation for joining the LES Joining LES The LEC is trying to join the ELAN by registering itself with the LES that controls that ELAN When the LEC has joined the LES it is given a unique LAN Emulation Client Identifier LECID knows the Emulated LAN s maximum frame size and knows its LAN type either Ethernet or Token Ring Initial Registration After joining aLEC can register any number of MAC addresses and or Route Descriptors for Token Ring implementations Connecting to BUS In order to establish a connection to the Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS the LEC requires the broadcast address It requests the broadcast address from the LES Operational The LEC is now part of the ELAN CHAPTER 9 MONITORING THE ATM
72. e IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module agent software version 1 05 within an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN switch which has version 3 1 agent software installed This guide is intended for use by network administrators who are responsible for installing and setting up networking equipment It assumes a basic working knowledge of Local Area Networks This guide explains Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM and LAN Emulation LANE concepts and provides a Bibliography for further reading The Release Notes shipped with the ATM Module may contain information that updates or overrides information in this guide You should always follow the information in the Release Notes if it is different from the information given in this guide Terminology In this User s Guide the term ATM Module is used when referring to the IBM 8271 Nways Ethemet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module The device into which the ATM Module is fitted is known simply as the Switch An example of a Switch is the IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 624 This type of Switch is often referred to as an edge device edge switch or boundary switch The term ATM Switch is used to identify the ATM device to which the edge switch is connected Switches in IBM s 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch device range provide support for the ATM Module ATM Terminology This user guide uses the term Network To Network Interface NNI You may know this protocol b
73. e Support 63 Device Support The ATM Module allows you to connect your IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch to an ATM network Switches that support the ATM Module are listed in the Release Notes that accompany your ATM Module Pre installation Procedure This section describes the procedures you need to perform before installing the ATM Module Check the Power Supply Before installing the ATM Module ensure that you have sufficient power supplyto power the Switch and ATM Module Refer to the Release Notes for details about power supplies Installation This section describes how to install the ATM Module using the example of an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 624 device Installation is similar for all devices compatible with this ATM Module If the Switch is connected to the network turn off the power to the switch and disconnect the switch from the main power supply and the network Place the Switch on a flat clean hard working surface Locate and remove the blanking plate which covers the ATM Module slot Retain the blanking plate and the screws for future use Refer to the manual which accompanies your Switch to locate the slot where the ATM Module is located Use the guide rails within the Switch slot to align the AT Module The location of the guide rails and the correct positioning of the ATM Module is shown in Figure 6 1 Slide the ATM Module into the slot without touching the
74. e following fields Port Identifies the selected port Port Speed Shows the speed of the port connection Port State Allows you to turn the port on and off If you wish to allow traffic to pass through this port select the Enable option To prevent traffic passing through the port select Disable Link State Indicates whether the communication link connected to the port is capable of transmitting and receiving traffic The states are Present the link is capable of transferring traffic if the ports are also turned on enabled Not Available the link is not capable of transferring traffic ATM Port Setup 87 If the link is Not Available and both devices are powered up and operational there is a physical problem with your connection For information about the cause of problems and possible solutions see Table 8 2 Table 3 2 Link State Troubleshooting Summary Problem Solution The connectors at either end of the link have come loose or been accidently pulled out Ensure that the cable is securely connected to the port at both ends of the link The port at the far end of the link is disabled Enable the far end port If you have fiber cable with connectors that can be reversed the two connectors at one end of the fiber cable may be plugged into the port the wrong way around Check that each cable connector is connected to the correct port socket You may need to reverse the TX
75. e invalid address on your The LEC has not provided sufficient information to allow the LECS to assign it to a specific The LEC may be requesting a resource that is on an ELAN which has a different ELAN LAN type to the LEC You may have entered an invalid ELAN name 24 y Isthe LEC Operational Now NX Yes Goto step 25 No Contact Technical Support network is unique Check the LAN type used Check that the ELAN name is correct and the ELAN has been set up correctly Refer to Appendix E Has the Problem been Solved Yes No further action is required No There may be a configuration problem with your network see ELAN Configuration Problems ELAN Configuration Problems Figure D 7 shows a flow diagram to help you resolve problems associated with Emulated LAN ELAN configuration The steps shown in the flow diagram are described in detail in the following text START Are the LECs on the same ELAN N rd If allowed use a router or move the device YES y Put the MAC address in the Switch Database the MAC address in the Contact Technical Support Figure D 7 ELAN Configuration Flow Diagram ER f Pr Are the LECs on the Same Emulated LAN Check that the LECs on the ATM devices that wish to communicate are on the same Emulated LAN and that they are on the same LAN technology If the LECs are not on
76. elect the SOFTWARE UPGRADE option from the Main Menu An example of the Software Upgrade screen is shown in Figure 8 10 Figure 8 10 Software Upgrade Screen Complete the following fields Destination Specify the type of device which you wish to receive the upgraded software If you are upgrading the software on the ATM Module select the ATM Module option File Name Specify the name of the upgrade file held on the server for this type of device Server Address Specify the IP or IPX address of the server holding the upgrade file If the upgrade is interrupted due to a power failure for example when the device powers up again the MGMT LED is lit green and flashes to indicate that an upgrade is taking place and the Module LED on the Switch is lit Yellow The device attempts to download the last specified software image file When the OK button is selected the status of the upgrade is displayed The following error and status messages are available Error Messages This section lists error Messages that may appear if an error occurs while downloading a new software image and suggests solutions to the problem File Not Found The file you require is not on the specified TFTP server You need to specify a different TFTP server or transfer the file you require to the correct directory on the TFIP server and try again Access Violation You do not have access permissions to this file or directory Ensure that the acce
77. er to support different applications and traffic types The IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module uses the AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer protocol which is a data oriented protocol The ATM Module will only work with other AAL5 devices Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is a connection oriented transmission protocol that has the following features m ATM uses the Signalling Protocol Q 2931 to dynamically create maintain and clear ATM connections between end systems m ATM uses fixed length packets known as cells and each cell identifies the connection to be used m ATM is transparent to the multiple services it supports and can carry cells from different applications over the same physical connection m ATM has well defined user and network interfaces ATM is Cell based ATM uses fixed length packets called cells The first five bytes of the cell is the cell header The cell header contains the information necessary to deliver the cell to the correct destination Fixed length cells offer smaller and more predictable switching delays because cell switching is less complex than variable length packet switching Having all the data in the same cell format also dramatically increases the speed of transmission by eliminating the need for protocol recognition and decoding A good analogy is containerized shipping where uniform shape and weight containers with standardized labelling ease and speed up processing
78. ere Errored Sec Far m Coding Violations Near m Coding Violations Far m Unavailable Seconds Near a Unavailable Seconds Far ATM Port Statistics screen m Receive Errors Table 9 1 Statistics and Status Summary Monitoring Use VLAN ELAN To monitor the state of the LEC to LES set up process To monitor Ethernet traffic on the VLAN ATM VLAN LEC Status Screen m LEC State m LEC ELAN Name m LEC ATM Address m Last LEC Failure Reason m LEC Operation at Failure m Frames Received m Frames Transmitted m Octets Received Octets Transmitted ATM To monitor ATM traffic ATM Port Statistics screen m Cells Received Cells Transmitted m Errored Cells m Bad VCC Received AAL5 To monitor AAL5 traffic ATM Port Statistics screen m Frames Received m Frames Transmitted m Octets Received Octets Transmitted m Errored Frames m Discarded Frames ATM Module statistics screens are updated every 2 seconds to show the latest information ATM Port Statistics The ATM Port Statistics screen provides a top level summary of traffic levels on the ATM Port You can use the summary to estimate the amount of traffic on your network backbone and to check the health of the incoming connection Statistics are grouped into a ATM Port Bandwidth use and incoming connection ATM Port Statistics 3 Select the STATS button to display the ATM Port Statistics screen 4 An example of the A
79. es in the Switch database If the MAC address belongs to one of the devices connected to an Ethernet port the LEC sends an LE ARP response to the LEC that sent the original LE ARP request The LEC that sent the LE_ARP request adds this information to its ARP Table The LEC then sets up a direct connection through the ATM network to the appropriate LEC so that subsequent frames are forwarded more efficiently What Happens to Unicast Frames The path a unicast frame takes through the ATM network depends on whether the location of the destination address is known to the sending LEC m If the location of the destination address is known the LEC sets up a direct connection to the LEC serving the destination address If the location of the destination address is unknown a unicast frame is sent to the Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS where it is treated in the same way as a broadcast or multicast frame What is LAN Emulation LANE 2 7 In addition the sending LEC attempts to locate the LEC serving the destination address It does this using the LE_ARP process described in LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol LE ARP What Happens to Broadcast and Multicast Frames Each Emulated LAN ELAN acts as a broadcast domain When a broadcast or multicast frame is passed to the LEC for transmission the frame is sent to the Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS When the LEC receives a broadcast multicast or unicas
80. estions in the following sections m Identify the Problem Use this section when you do not know the cause of the problem Solving a known Problem Use this section when you have detected a problem and want to look up possible solutions You should read this troubleshooting information in conjunction with the troubleshooting provided in the user guide that accompanies your Switch a Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors This section tells you how to clean the fiber optic connectors on the ATM Module and connecting Cables If you have problems that are not addressed by troubleshooting information in this guide contact IBM Technical Support or your service person For Technical Support information refer to Appendix E D 2 APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING Using LEDs Table D 1 describes the LEDs on the Switch and Table D 2 describes the LEDs on the ATM Module Table D 1 LEDs on the Switch Table D 2 LEDs on the ATM Module LED Name Color State Indicates MGMT Green Switch and ATM Module are On the front of operating normally the Switch Green Switch or ATM Module is either flashing downloading software or initializing which includes a Power On Self Test Yellow Switch has failed its Power On Self Test POST Yellow ATM Module failed its Power On Self flashing Test POST OFF No power to the Switch Module Green ATM port enabled link present On the front of the Switch Green ATM port disable
81. eulement par le personnel quali fi DANGER Ein und Ausbau des Ger tes st nur von Fachpersonal vorzunehmen Gevaar De eenheid mag alleen worden gein stalleerd of verwijderd doorbevoegde personen Perigo A instalac o e remoc o da unidade deve ser feita apenas porpessoal especializado Fare Installation og afmontering af enheden skal udfgres afuddannet personale Gevaar Installatie en verwijdering van de eenheid moet uitsluitend worden uitgevoerd door getraind personeel gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt EE Verra Yksik n saavat asentaa ja irrottaa vain t h n koulutetut henkil t Pericolo L installazione e la rimozione dell unit devono essere eseguite esclusivamente da person ale specializzato Fare Det er bare kvalifisert personale som kan installere og ta ut enheten Perigo A instalac o e a remoc o da unidade devem ser efectuadas apenas por pessoal qualifi Cado Peligro La instalaci n y extracci n de la unidad debe efectuarse nicamente por personal cualificado Fara Installation och flyttning av enheten m ste utf ras av utbildad personal PE ASS Postavljanje i demontazu ovog uredaja mora obaviti stru no osposobljena osoba Neodstra ujte desky modul pokud je pfipojeno nap jen H eyKatdotaon Kal apa peon TNG ouoKeur TIPETIEL va yivetal Lovo AIO EL LKEUNEVO TIPOOWTLIKO rr Pr PrP Pr Fe EF E Az egyseg telepit s t s leszerel s t csak szakk pzett szem
82. evel field c Ensure that the ATM port number is entered in the Port ID field d Select the STATS button The ATM Port Statistics screen is displayed An example of the Port Statistics screen is shown in Figure D 4 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH Port Statistics Port ID 25 Transmit Bandwidth Used Receive Bandwidth Used Receive Errors AALS Layer Frames Received 4126444042 Frames Transmitted 4168619456 Errored Frames 8 ATM Layer Cells Received 68112718 Cells Transmitted 31261943 CLEAR SCREEN COUNTERS LEC 26 26 6 Octets Received Octets Transmitted Discarded Frames Errored Cells Bad UCC Received PHYSICAL 2097613219 918467436 136237 CANCEL Figure D 4 ATM Port Statistics Es 8 Are Cells being transmitted and received ATM generates a continuous stream of cells If the ATM port has been set up correctly you should always see cells being transmitted and received on the ATM port regardless of whether you are transmitting or receiving data Check the Cells Received and Frames Transmitted statistics to see if there is ATM traffic on the connection Is there ATM traffic on the port Yes go to step 9 No Contact Technical Support D 8 APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING N Access the ATM VLAN LEC Status Screen i N Is the LEC ATM Address Valid for the Default K JU VLAN a Fromthe Main Menu select the SWITCH MANAGEMENT option The Switch Manage
83. f action that can be performed for each security level This appendix only covers screens specifically associated with ATM functionality Refer to the user guide which accompanies your IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch for additional screen access rights The general actions that can be performed by users for each of the security access levels is as follows Security Specialist read and write Manager read and write Monitor Secure Monitor read only Table B 1 shows the access rights required for each of the ATM screens SCREEN ACCESS RIGHTS Table B 1 Access Rights Screen Available to access level AT Module Manager Configuration Security ATM LEC Setup Security Manager ATM ARP Table Manager Monitor Security ATM Port Setup Manager Monitor Security ATM Connection Table Manager Monitor Security ATM Physical Layer Manager Monitor Security ATM Port Statistics Manager Monitor Security ATM VLAN LEC Status Manager Monitor Security B2 APPENDIX B SCREEN ACCESS RIGHTS C ete e D ATM MODULE TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Environmental Spedfications The environmental specifications for the ATM Module are shown in Table C 1 Table C 1 Environmental Specifications Operating Temperature Operating Humidity Standards Safety Agency Certifications Electromagnetic Emissions Agency Certification O to 50 C 32 to 122 F 10 95 relative humidity non condensing E
84. face UNI is used to connect an ATM edge device to an ATM switch that is managed as part of the same network ATM also provides a Network to Network Interface NNI that is typically used to interconnect two ATM switches managed as part of the same network The ATM Interfaces are shown in Figure 2 8 Edge device ATM Edge device ES SN UNI A ATM Switch ER ATM Switch Figure 2 8 ATM Interfaces The User to Network Interface UNI is managed by the Interim Local Management Interface ILMI protocol Interim Local Management Interface ILMI The ATM Forum produced the Interim Local Management Interface ILMI to increase monitoring and diagnostic facilities and to provide ATM address registration at the User to Network Interface UNI ILMI uses a Management Information Base MIB and the SNMP protocol Each device that provides ILM support contains a UNI Management Entity UME which uses SNMP to access management information stored in the ILMI MIB of the adjacent switch see Figure 2 9 ATM Switch Edge device UME in UNE Switch Model 624 ATM Module Figure 2 9 UNI Management Entities Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM Layer 2 13 ATM Address Registration In order to establish an ATM connection both the user and the network must know the ATM addresses used at that User to Network Interface UNI An example of an ATM address is sh
85. g AAL5 Layer statistics Frames Received The number of frames received per second at the AAL5 interface for all traffic types data and control Frames Transmitted The number of frames transmitted per second at the AAL5 interface for all traffic types data and control Errored Frames The number of frames received that contain an error Octets Received The number of Ethernet octets received at the AAL5 interface Octets Transmitted The number of Ethernet octets transmitted at the AALS interface Discarded Frames The number of frames discarded at the AAL5 interface due to lack of resources The screen also shows the following ATM statistics Cells Received The number of ATM cells received by the port Cells Transmitted The number of ATM cells transmitted per second by the port Errored Cells The number of ATM cells that contain an error for example cells that have Header Error Control HEC errors Bad VCC Received The number of cells received where the specified connection is not recognized by the ATM Module that is the connection is not shown in the ATM Module Connection Table The following buttons are available on this screen CLEAR SCREEN COUNTERS To make it easier to note the changes in statistic values you can use this button to reset the value of statistics shown on the screen to zero Resetting the values shown on the screen does not reset the statistic values stored on this device LEC This button t
86. hat can be held in the device and is being configured manually ensure that LAN Emulation ARP Table a The LES address that the LEC is using has been When a LAN Emulation Client LEC joins an ELAN correctly entered via the local management up to five control connections may be required As before any data is transferred over a separate data TheLESis active connection VCC Each time a LEC connects to another LEC a further connection is required You should keep this in mind when calculating the number of connections you require For the ATM Module you can enter these settings using the Port Configuration screen described in Displaying an ATM Connection on page 8 10 The ATM Module provides the following resources Upto 16 LECs to extend VLANs into the ATM ATM Connections Within Your Network network over HANS ATM connections in your ATM network can be a 512 Virtual Circuits to from the ATM network established dynamically by the Signalling protocol u 1024 remote MAC Add Switched Virtual Circuit or through management Permanent Virtual Circuit ATM M orts only 16 LECs but this does gt a a SSC GE ere i p gt The AmI Module doesnot support PVC connections All ATM Module connections are SVCs Are the LAN Emulation services configured This network concepts section includes PVC correctiy configuration concepts for completeness Isthe LAN Emulation service that the LAN Emulation Switched Virtual Circuits SV
87. he fields on this screen ATM Mode LAN Emulation Version 1 Signalling uni3 1 SONET SDH SONET STS 3c Max UPI Bits 6 4 3 Max UCI Bits 8 ILMI UCC 8 16 ATM Module Version Information Hardware Version Upgradable Software Version Boot Software Version 1 66 1 04 1 08 OK ATM LEC SETUP CANCEL Figure D 6 ATM Module Configuration Screen 5 LN Ke Is Signalling Compatible Signalling must be the same on both devices and must be either 3 0 or 3 1 The default on the ATM Module is 3 1 Is the Signalling compatible Yes go to 18 No goto 17 Make Signalling Compatible Ensure that the Signalling mode is the same on the ATM Module and the ATM Switch Woy APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING Is the ILMI Connection Set Up Correctly To communicate with each other edge devices must use the same Interim Local Management Interface ILMI connection On the ATM Module the ILMI connection is specified in the ILMI VCC field as shown in Figure D 6 on page D 9 Consult the user guide that accompanies the ATM Switch to find out where the ILMI connection is specified Is the ILMI connection the same for the ATM Module and the ATM Switch Yes go to step 20 No go to step 19 Make ILMI VPI VCI Same at Both Ends of the Link Ensure that the ILMI VPI and VCI values are the same on both the ATM Module and the relevant ATM Switch port In most cases you should probably u
88. hone lines ISDN and X 25 Telnet An asynchronous virtual terminal protocol that allows for remote access UME User to Network Interface M anagement Entity Software at the UNIs for providing the ILMI functions UNI User to Network Interface The interface between the user and the ATM switch UNI 2 0 ATM Forum UNI specification for the physical and ATM Layers the ILMI OAM and PVC support UNI 3 0 An upgrade of UNI 2 0 with traffic control for the Peak Cell Rate parameter and the operation over current transmission systems as some of the additional features UNI 3 1 A corrected version of UNI 3 0 this specification also includes Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol SSCOP for error detection and correction UNI 4 0 ve VCC This UNI specification refers to signalling issues Virtual Channel Describes unidirectional flow of ATM cells between connection switching or end user points that share the common identifier number VCI Virtual Connection A connection established between end users source and destination where packets are forwarded along the same path and bandwidth is not permanently allocated until it is used Virtual Circuit A connection set up across the network between a source and destination where a fixed route is chosen for the entire session and bandwidth is dynamically allocated Virtual Channel Connection The end to end connection between two ATM end
89. ifications This guide contains several chapters that describe the basic concepts behind ATM technology and integrating ATM into your existing network m This chapter describes some of the concepts behind the network layer architecture of a typical ATM network m Chapter 3 Virtual LAN Concepts describes how Virtual LANs VLANs are extended into the ATM network m Chapter 4 Putting Your ATM Network Together describes how to plan your ATM network m Chapter 5 Network Configuration Examples provides some examples of how you can use the ATM Module within an ATM networks If you are already familiar with these concepts refer to Chapter 6 Installing and Setting Up the Module If you have read the concepts chapters and still require a more in depth explanation refer to the technical publications listed in the Bibliography NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS Each of the layers in discussed in turn starting with the Upper Layer and working down to the Physical Layer Upper Layer g ULP PDUs Upper Layer Protocols Protocols LAN Emulation Tv LAN Emulation ATM Adaptation AALS PDUs ATM Adaptation Layer 5 Layer 5 ATM Layer EI eee gt ATM Layer SONET or SDH Physical Layer a eo Physical Layer Logical flow Physical flow Protocol Data Units The Layered Network Architecture Asynchronous Transfer M
90. ilt in quality of service 5 2 CHAPTER 5 NETWORK CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES Campus Configuration The section gives an example of ATM within a campus environment The diagram shown in Figure 5 2 on page 5 3 demonstrates a balance between cost and performance requirements Building A shows how you can concentrate IBM 8721 Nways Ethemet LAN Switch Model 612 and 624 devices using an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 712 All traffic internal to Building A is switched over Fast Ethernet In addition an ATM link to the campus backbone provides high speed access to remote services Building B shows how you can configure a building in a cost efficient manner while retaining connectivity to the campus ATM network Only one ATM Module is required to connect the IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 624 and Switch Model 524 devices to the ATM network This provides connectivity for 48 Ethernet ports to the ATM backbone Building C shows you a building similar to Building A but with additional campus wide high performance access to directly connected ATM servers Campus Configuration 5 3
91. in the user guide that accompanies your Switch Power On Self Test POST When powered up the Switch and ATM Module enter a Power On Self Test POST The type of tests performed depend on how POST has been configured for the Switch Two types of POST are available Normal POST a basic confidence check which takes between 10 and 20 seconds to complete and includes a Checksum tests of boot and system areas of Flash memory a System memory tests MAC address verification test Post Installation Checks 65 a System timer test CAM Contents Addressable Memory tests Console Port tests a Internal packet forwarding tests a Switch and ATM Module ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit tests a Switch and ATM Module ASIC memory tests a ATM Module interface tests a ATM Module packet forwarding tests Extended POST more extensive testing which takes between 50 and 225 seconds to complete and includes all of the Normal POST tests plus more extensive system memory and ASIC memory tests When a new Switch is powered up for the first time it performs a Normal POST which is the default setting If you suspect that there is a problem with your device which has not been detected by the Normal POST run the Extended POST Configuring POST is described in the user guide that accompanies your Switch The LEDs used to indicate POST failure and other post installation checks are described in Post
92. instrukcj Caution Safety Information Read This First SD21 0030 Zawiera ona warunki bezpiecze stwa przy pod czaniu do sieci elektrycznej eksploatacji Vigyazat Miel tt megkezdi a berendez s Uzembe helyezeset olvassa el a Caution Safety Information Read This First SD21 0030 k nyvecskeben le rt biztons gi inform ci kat Ez a k nyv leirja milyen biztons gi int zked seket kell megtenni az elektro mos berendez s huzaloz sakor illetve csatlakoz tat sakor Pozor Preden za nete z instalacijo tega produkta prebertte poglavje Opozorilo Informacije o varnem rokovanju preberi pred uporabo SD21 0030 To poglavje opisuje pravilne postopke za kabliranje fer TAE AER Caution Safety Information Read This First SD21 0030 Hart EM AER IA BRITEN ERE aac OR SE Upozorn n ne zah j te instalaci tohoto produktu p e t te si nejprve bezpe nostn informace v pokynech Bezpe nostn informace 21 0030 Tato bro urka popisuje bezpe nostn opat en pro kabel a zapojen elektrick ho za zen AW ol ABS drett Mol PEA 59 OFM AQet AlAtop7 Sol SD21 0030 oO CH Aus OSONA O el E Ma ar Safety Notices A 3 OCTOPOXHO TIpexne sem UHCTanmupoBaTb 3TOT MPOAYKT npouTute MHcTpykumto no TexHuke 6e30 M
93. ismatched Refer to described in Table D 4 on page Intermittent failure of a configured LEC to connect D 12 is LE CONFIGURE or to the LECS or LES below similar error type m Ensure that both LECs are within the same VLAN ELAN LECs not in the same VLAN ELAN can only communicate using a router Insufficient Resources m Excessive traffic is overloading the ATM m You may need to reconfigure or restructure your device and it does not have sufficient network For example you may wish to use a resources to assign new connections separate ATM Switch for LECS functionality m A LEC requires a separate connection for m Do not try to bring up too many connections at the each LEC with which it needs to same time communicate If you try to bring up all of the connections at the same time the ATM Module may run out of connections m You may need to reconfigure or restructure your network Table D 9 VLAN or ELAN Problems Intermittent failure of a configured LEC to connect to the LECS or LES Symptom Insufficient resource error message LECs fail but seem to automatically recover The MAX VPI Bits and MAX VCI Bits settings are incompatible between ATM devices For example if auto configuration is not enabled and the MAX VPI VCI Bits have been set up incorrectly Each ATM device supports a separate and sometimes different pre set range of VPI VCI values When Signalling tries to set up the VPI VCI values for a con
94. itch is busy and cannot provide LECS functionality There is a mismatch between the VPI VCI range supported by adjacent ATM devices Example If Switch A supports VPI VCI values 7 511 and Switch B only supports values up to 7 255 when Signalling tries to set up a connection using the VPI VCI value 7 256 Switch B rejects the connection Use a separate ATM Switch for LECS functionality Make the MAX VPI VCI Bits compatible Access Denied The LES has denied the LEC access to the ELAN for security reasons The LEC is trying to join an ELAN that it is not allowed to access Check your LANE Services setup continued Table 9 3 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes Possible Solutions Invalid There isa problem with Contact 3Com Requestor ID the LEC software Support The LEC Identifier LECID is not zero or is not recognized as this LEC s LECID Invalid LAN You may have Check that the Local Destination configured an illegal Administration You are trying to register a multicast Local Administration Address Address is valid Local Administration address with the LES Address setup is beyond the scope of this guide Invalid ATM The ATM address field Contact your supplier Address may have been or 3Com Technical corrupted or not in the Support Source or correct format destination ATM address is not ina recognized format For example it may be in E 164
95. ith the LES A LES is uniquely identified by an ATM address Physical connection between two nodes in a network It can consist of a data communication circuit or a direct channel cable connection Management Information Base A data structure that defines objects for referencing variables such as integers and strings In general it contains information regarding a network s management and performance for example traffic parameters multiplex OAM Octet OC n In this user guide multiplexing means to take packets from several sources and interleave them into one connection For example packets from data voice and video sources can be fed down one connection Network Node Interface Sometimes known as Network to Network Interface Operations and Maintenance A set of administration and supervisory actions regarding network performance monitoring failure detection and system protection Special type cells are used to carry OAM related information 8 bits or 1 byte Optical Carrier n The physical interface for transmission over optical fiber at n times 51 84Mbps for example OC 3 is at 155 52Mbps OC 12 at 622 08M bps OC 48 at 2 488Gbps Payload Part of the ATM cell it contains the actual information to be carried and occupies 48 bytes Also see PTI Payload Type Identifier A 3 bit cell header field for encoding information regarding AAL and EFCI Permanent Virtual Circuit A
96. keep all unused ports covered Fiber optic transceivers are sensitive optical devices that need to be handled carefully If dirt collects on the fiber optic connectors you may notice the following m The Link Status LED for the receive fiber on the ATM Module does not light m The Far End Status LED does light m Degraded performance on that port indicated by an increase in the Errors Received statistic counter The Errors Received statistic counter is described in ATM Port Statistics on page 9 3 To dean fiber optic connectors on the ATM Module Remove any accumulated dust or debris from the connector by blowing canned air over all surfaces Do not use commercial compressed air or house air because of the risk of oil contamination Reconnect the cable to the port to see if the dusting corrected the problem If the LED still indicates a problem clean the cable connectors To dean the cable connectors 1 Gently wipe the port with a lint free non abrasive swab 2 Gently wipe the connectors with a lint free non abrasive wipe or pad This appendix provides contacts for help if you have questions about the IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch products or if the IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch products are not working correctly It also explains how to access the IBM electronic sites to obtain the latest versions of microcode and release notes Electronic Support This section explains how to ac
97. ks 8 8 Port Speed 8 7 Port State 8 7 Statistics 9 3 Automatic logout 7 4 B Bandwidth Calculation C 1 Statistics 9 3 Bibliography 1 Boot software version number 8 4 Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS 3 2 Broadcast packets 3 2 Cc Cables Cleaning connectors D 24 Connecting to the ATM Module 6 5 Technical Specification C 1 Cell Loss Priority CLP 2 14 Cell structure 2 14 Cleaning Connectors D 24 Clearing screen counters 9 5 9 10 Coding Violations 9 11 Configuration rules for ATM 4 2 Connection Table 8 10 Connections Connecting cables 6 5 Control connections 4 3 Data connections 2 7 4 3 Finding 8 11 Mapping MAC addresses 8 9 Multiplexing and de multiplexing 2 14 Required per ELAN 4 3 Troubleshooting 6 7 Control connections 4 3 Conventions in text 2 D De multiplexing 2 14 Device support 6 3 Discarding cells Cell Loss Priority CLP 2 14 Downloading software 8 12 electronic emmission notices F 5 Emulated LAN ELAN ATM Module 4 3 ELAN name 8 5 9 6 Manual configuration 8 5 Mapping to VLANs 3 2 4 2 Resource planning 4 2 Services 4 2 Environmental Specifications C 1 Error detection Header Error Check HEC 2 14 Error messages Software upgrade 8 13 Error statistics 9 3 Interim Local Management Interface ILMI Address resolution 2 13 Defined 2 13 VCC Connection 8 3 F Far end ATM address 8 9 MAC address 8 9 Fiber Optic Connectors Cleaning D 24 FTP support site E 1 G Generic Ho
98. lyzet vegezheti CORBORY AT WVA Lt ER EA BLUME Et LOTES Jednostk mo e instalowa i deinstalowa jedynie wykwalifikowany personel MoHTax n AeMOHTax OOPyAOBAHUA AOJDKEH BbINONIHATb TONEKO KBANINDULINPOBAHHBIN MEPCOHAN In tal cia jednotky alebo jej premiestnenie musi by uskuto nen za pomoci kvalifikovanej osoby Instalacijo oziroma izklop naprave smejo izvajati samo usposobljene osebe ZERBHAKENIE LACHT ERARHT e A Safety Notices A 5 DANGER This unit operates under SELV conditions Safety Extra Low Voltage according to IEC 950 the conditions of which are maintained only if the equipment to which it is connected is also opera tional under SELV DANGER Cette unit marche sous les conditions SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage conform ment a IEC 950 ces conditions sont maintenues seulement si le mat riel auquel elle est branch e est aussi en exploitation sous SELV DANGER Das Gerat wird mit Sicherheits Kleinspan nung nach IEC 950 SELV Safety Extra Low Volt age betrieben Angeschlo en werden k nnen nur Ger te die ebenfalls nach SELV betrieben werden Gevarr Deze eenheid werkt onder SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage volgens IEC 950 waarvan de voorwaarden alleen behouden blijven indien de apparatuur waarop het is aangesloten ook onder SELV werkt Perigo Esta unidade funciona sob condi es SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage de acordo com IEC 950 mas essa si
99. ment screen is displayed b Ensure that the Port option is selected in the Check that the ATM address in the LEC ATM Address field is valid For example if the first part of the address the network prefix is all zeros the ATM Management Level field Switch has not registered the ATM Module s LEC c Ensure that the ATM port number is entered in the You can confirm that the ATM address of the LEC for Port ID field the default VLAN is registered by checking the d Select the STATS button The ATM Port Statistics registered address table on the adjacent ATM Switch screen is displayed Is the ATM address valid and registered with the ATM e Select the LEC button to display the ATM VLAN Switch LEC Status screen An example of the ATM VLAN LEC Status screen is shown in Figure D 5 Yes go to step 22 No go to step 11 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH ULAN LEC Status N _ in isthe ATM Switch Using AAL5 Port ID 25 A 1 Select the ULAN to b itored in the field below u A A ee SECH It is very unlikely that your network has been ULAN 1 e e p F g configured to use incompatible devices but to rule LEC State Active sponge LEC ELAN Nane elan4212_6 out the possibility check that the ATM Switch uses LEC ATM Address 47 000000000000000000000000 08004e 08ebf8 00 the AAL5 protocol Last LEC Failure Reason None LEC Operation at Failure None Frames Received 483985118 Octets Received 905586714 Does the ATM Switch also
100. n Severe Errored Sec Near The number of severely errored seconds at the ATM Module end of the connection Severe Errored Sec Far The number of severely errored seconds at the ATM Switch end of the connection Coding Violations Near The number of coding violations that have occurred at the ATM Module end of the connection Coding Violations Far The number of coding violations that have occurred at the ATM Switch end of the physical connection Unavailable Seconds Near The number of seconds that were unavailable at the ATM interface on the ATM Module Unavailable Seconds Far The number of seconds that were unavailable at the ATM interface on the ATM Switch Using Physical Layer Statistics to Troubleshoot This section describes how to use the physical layer statistics to track and resolve problems If no values are shown on the screen the problem probably lies with the ATM Switch rather than the ATM Module Follow the troubleshooting information in the user guide that accompanies your ATM Switch High values usually indicate that the SONET standards are incompatible or that there is a fault on the cable Use the following troubleshooting suggestions to try and resolve the problem Check that the ports at both end of the link are enabled Check that the cable is securely connected to the port at both ends of the link Check each end of the cable to ensure that each of the fiber connectors is correctly
101. nection it automatically suggests the next available value in a pre set range of values supported by the source Switch If the adjacent ATM Switch does not support these values it rejects the connection and an insufficient resource error message is displayed Example If Switch A supports VPI VCI values 7 511 and Switch B only supports values up to 7 255 when Signalling tries to set up a connection using the VPI VCI value 7 256 Switch B rejects the connection If you have problems that are not addressed by troubleshooting information in this guide contact Technical Support or your service person For Technical Support information refer to Appendix E Solving Known Problems Identify the connection that is causing the problem The following steps should be carried out in order 1 Check that the MAX VPI VCI Bits are compatible on the edge device to ATM Switch User to Network interface UNI 2 Check that the MAX VPI VCI Bit settings are compatible on all devices between the edge device and the LECS 3 Check that the MAX VPI VCI Bit settings are compatible on all ATM devices between the LEC and the LES When you have identified the connection manually reconfigure the VPI VCI values to make them compatible APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors gt To prevent dirt and dust from collecting on the fiber optic connectors avoid touching all surfaces after cleaning the connectors and
102. nents such as connectors splices and the mating of unlike fiber types Although some 2km 1 25 miles cables have a total attenuation of less than 11dB the 2km 1 25 miles inter station distance must be maintained to comply with modal bandwidth requirements The maximum attenuation value in this table is based on a cable diameter of 62 5 80 or 100mm Table C 3 shows the alternative Multi Mode fiber types that can be used Table C 3 Alternative Multi mode Cable Specifications Core um Cladding um Numerical Aperture 50 125 0 20 50 125 0 22 85 125 0 28 100 140 0 29 If you are using fiber with a diameter of 50mm and have IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch equipment at both ends of the link substitute 8 0dB for the maximum attenuation If IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch equipment is only at one end substitute 6 0dB for the maximum attenuation value If you are using equipment at the end of the link from a vendor other than IBM you must perform a separate loss budget analysis Contact the vendor s for values to use in your analysis Does the Cable Provide Suffident Bandwidth Bandwidth for multi mode fiber is referred to as modal bandwidth because it varies with the modal field or core diameter of the fiber Modal bandwidth is specified in units of MHz km which indicates the amount of bandwidth supported by the fiber for a 1km 0 625 miles distance Your cable must have a Modal bandwidth of 500M Hz which
103. nesta norma s poder ser mantidose o equipamento ao qual a unidade for ligada tamb m funcionarsob aquelas condi es SELV A gt gt gt gt E Peligro Esta unidad opera bajo condiciones SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage Voltaje Extra Bajo de Seg uridad de acuerdo a la norma IEC 950 sibien tales condiciones nicamente se mantienen si el equipo alque se conectan es asimismo operacional bajo SELV Fara Den h r enheten arbetar under villkoren f r kyddsklensp nning Safety Extra Low Voltage enligt IEC 950 Dessa villkor uppfylls endast om utrustning till vilken enheten ansluts ocks arbetar med sky ddsklensp nning WAESFIEC 950 Er ZESELV Satety Extra Low Voltage 24 EREE ARE PRE BER EAS FAO ARP IR AB E FESELV ALF FA HT BRE Ovaj uredaj radi pod SELV uvjetima Safety Extra Low Voltage prema propisu IEC 950 Stoga se ovaj uredaj moze spajati samo sa drugim uredajem koji takoder radi pod SELV uvjetima WA SFIEC 950 ARE FESELV Satety Extra Low Voltage 4 ICEA RPE FRIE DATES STEI EEE ESLIRE FA ERE H ouokeu aut Aerroupyel uno ouv ke SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage o upwva pe tnv npodlaypagr IEC 950 ot ouv nkes TNG orolas Tnpo vtal vo av o onm op UE Tov OMOIOV OUV EETAL ettoupyel ertiong umd ouv ke SELV rrr Pr FF FE Ez az egys g biztons gi fesz lts g SELV ramk ri felt telek alatt zemel az IEC 950 MSZ EN 60950 szabv nynak megfelel en Ezek a felt telek
104. nformation i denne boken Perigo Antes de instalar ou remover qualquer componente de um dispositivo ou de executar A A A A A A CHAPTER 6 INSTALLING AND SETTING UP THE MODULE qualquer trabalho de manutenc o deve ler o conte do do Ap ndice A Informa es sobre Seguranca deste manual Peligro Antes de instalar o extraer cualquiercomponente de un dispositivo o realizar cualquier trabajo de mantenimiento debe leer la informaci n de seguridad inclu da en el Ap ndice Informaci n de Seguridad de esta gu a FARA L s avsnittet Safety Information i Appendix A i det har dokumentet innan du utf r underh llsarbete eller installerar demonterar komponenter VAARA Ennen kuin asennat laitteeseen osia tai irrotat niita siita tai teet huoltotoimia lue taman julkaisun liitteessa A Safety Information olevat turvaohjeet teh TERRE BLE FL Ke e EFT HEE ZA Ur OFM ER AFM SEA BAY RA OPASNOST Prije monta e ili demonta e dijelova iz ure aja ili servisiranja Obavezno pro itati informaciju o sigurnosti u dodatku A Nebezpe P ed instalac nebo odstran n m libovoln komponenty ze za zen nebo p ed prov d n m dr by si mus te p e st bezpe nostn informace z t to publikace Appendix A Safety Information Kivduvoc Mpv eykataot oete apalp cete onoio note eg ptna pa OUOKEUTIG K vete OTIOLEO TITIOTE EVEpyeleg ouvtTrpnons Do nmp r
105. ng device to network connectors should not exceed 2km 1 25 miles Allow for attenuation weakening of signal when calculating cable lengths Ensure that you have suffident bandwidth Refer to Appendix C ATM Module Technical Specifications for more details LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module to another IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch ATM OC 3c Module this is due to the signalling requirements used by ATM and LANE There must be a standards based ATM Switch between the two modules for them to operate correctly i You cannot connect an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet Extending VLANs Through the ATM Network When setting up VLANs and extending them into the ATM network you should consider the following a What logical network domains VLANs do you wish to set up Traffic from one Emulated LAN ELAN will not be seen on another ELAN unless a router is used as they are logically separate domains For this reason you should consider a What ELANs you require a How the VLANs will map to the ELANSs a If you need to route between any of your ELANs a Will you have sufficient ELAN resources When calculating the resources you require you should consider the number of a ELANsthat your LAN Emulation services can support a VLANS ELANSs that each edge device can support ATM Connections Within Your Network 4 3 a Virtual circuits required Alternatively if your LEC will not be using a LECS MAC addresses t
106. ning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors in this chapter m The cable may be broken m Replace the cable and check the LED again m The connector itself is physically Contact your repair center for advice For more damaged details refer to Appendix E Solving Known Problems D 21 ATM Problems Table D 8 ATM Problems Problem Possible Causes Possible Solutions The ATM Connection Tableis The ATM Switch connected to the ATM m Check that the devices at both ends of the only showing reserved ATM Module is using a different VPI VCI value connection are using the same ILMI VPI VCI Connections for ILMI Check version of signalling in use The ATM Switch Symptoms must use version 3 0 or 3 1 to be able to m The VLAN LEC Status screen communicate with the ATM Module described in ATM VLAN LEC Status on page 9 5 shows that the LEC is Inactive and there is no network prefix for the LEC ATM address D 22 APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING VLAN or ELAN Problems Table D 9 VLAN or ELAN Problems Problem Possible Causes Possible Solutions The configured LECs cannot The devices that need to communicate m Check that the ELAN name has been set up correctly a nmunicate with each are nor in The same VEANIELAN m Check LAN Emulation supported on the ATM Switch 2 The ATM Switch must use LAN Emulation Version 1 0 Possible symptom m Check that the correct VPI VCI are used and that The Last LEC Failure Reasons there they have not been m
107. nsible for loss of or damage to a Machine while it is 1 in IBM s possession or 2 in transit in those cases where IBM is responsible for the transportation charges Extent of Warranty IBM does not warrant uninterrupted or error free operation of a Machine The warranties may be voided by misuse accident modification unsuitable physical or operating envi ronment improper maintenance by you removal or alteration of Machine or parts identification labels or failure caused by a product for which IBM is not responsible THESE WARRANTIES REPLACE ALL OTHER WARRAN TIES OR CONDITIONS EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABIL ITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THESE WARRANTIES GIVE YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM JURISDICTION TO JURISDIC TION SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU IN THAT EVENT SUCH WAR RANTIES ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE WAR RANTY PERIOD NO WARRANTIES APPLY AFTER THAT PERIOD Limitation of Liability 2 Circumstances may arise where because of a default on IBM s part or other liability including negligence and misrepresentation you are entitled to recover damages from IBM In each such instance regardless of the basis on which you are entitled to claim damages from IBM including fun
108. o the ATM Forum s LAN Emulation Over ATM document Figure 2 5 shows the logical structure of a communication channel Physical Link Virtual Paths Virtual Channels Figure 2 5 Communication Channels Several communication channels can operate over the same physical link Each Virtual Path Connection VPC contains several communication channels known as Virtual Channel Connections VCCs The ATM Module only manages Virtual Channel Connections VCC 2 10 CHAPTER 2 NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS A VCC is defined as spanning end to end whereas a Virtual Channel VC is the name given to a section of the VCC refer to Figure 2 6 ATM Switch ATM Switch Edge device Edge device Virtual Channel Virtual Channel Virtual Channel Virtual Channel Connection VCC Also known as Virtual Circuit or Call Figure 2 6 Connection Terminology Many virtual channels can exist on the same physical link Each virtual channel is identified by a pair of numbers m The Virtual Path Identifier VPI and m The Virtual Channel Identifier VCI Any end system that wishes to communicate with another end system must first use the Signalling protocol to set up the VCC The Signalling protocol negotiates with each ATM device between the end systems to set up a series of virtual channels Each of these virtual channels is identified using the VPI and VCI values Figure 2 7 on page
109. ode ATM is only part of a PDUs layered network architecture This architecture is shown in Figure 2 1 Figure 2 1 Network Layer Architecture CHAPTER 2 NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS Upper Layer Protocols The Upper Layer is the layer in the network architecture that relates to user applications and service requests For example an application could be file transfer software and the service request could be a request to transfer a file from a user s PC to a shared file server User data and control information is passed down the network layers in the source device and passed up the layers at the destination device What is LAN Emulation LANE LAN Emulation LANE allows users on Ethernet Token Ring and other traditional LAN networks to communicate with each other over an ATM network LANE emulates the broadcast nature of traditional LANs Each LANE broadcast domain is known as an Emulated LAN ELAN Each ELAN can only carry one type of traffic For example an ELAN could carry either Ethernet frames or Token Ring frames but not both There can be several ELANs on a single ATM network Some of these ELANs could be carrying Ethernet traffic and others could be carrying Token Ring traffic Traffic from one ELAN is not seen on another ELAN as they are logically separate broadcast domains If devices from different ELANs need to communicate with each other they must do so using an ATM router LAN emulation sof
110. of the ATM Connection Table screen is shown in Figure 8 9 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH Connection Table Port 25 UPI UCI End ATM Address Network Host Selector Type lt 66 6665 gt Reserved lt 88 8016 gt Reserved lt 00 0036 gt Far 47 8888080800808080088888888 OAc 6da661674 62 Outgoing lt 00 0036 gt Near 47660666060666066606060066066 08004e08ebF8 04 Outgoing lt 00 0041 gt Far 47000000000000000000000000 66c 6da661674 62 Incoming lt 00 0041 gt Near 47000000000000000000000000 68604e 68ebf8 64 Incoming lt 00 0046 gt Far 47 66606606060666666660606066 66c 6da661674 62 Outgoing lt 00 0046 gt Near 47660606660666066606060066068 68 664e 88ebf8 64 Outgoing UPI UCI CJE 1 FIND ATM ADDRESS REFRESH CANGEL Figure 8 9 ATM Connection Table Screen The following fields apply to the listbox Port Identifies the selected port VPI VCI Identifies the ATM connection by showing the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Circuit Identifier End Identifies whether the near or far end LEC ATM address is displayed The options are Near the details are for the LEC in the ATM Module Far the details are for the LEC at the far end of the connection for example a LEC in an ATM Switch or attached ATM device ATM Address Shows the ATM address of LEC for either the ATM Module or the ATM Switch If Near is shown in the End field the address is the address of the LEC in the ATM Module If Far is
111. om the Main Menu a Alternatively if you are already in the ATM Port Setup Screen as described in ATM Port Setup on page 8 6 you can select the CONFIG button An example of the ATM Module Configuration screen is shown in Figure 8 2 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH Module Configuration Changing the configuration displayed on this screen will cause the device to be reset and may result in a loss of communication Please refer to the manual before editing any of the fields on this screen ATM Mode Signalling SONET SDH Max UPI Bits 6 4 3 Max UCI Bits 8 ILMI UCC 6 16 ATM Module Version Information Hardware Version 1 88 Upgradable Software Version 1 04 Boot Software Version 1 00 LAN Emulation Version 1 funi3 1 4 SONET STS 3c A OK ATM LEC SETUP CANCEL Figure 8 2 ATM Module Configuration Screen gt Ensure that the ATM Module and the ATM Switch it is connected to are set up to use the same signalling and SONET SDH standards The two devices should also use the same ILM I VCC and compatible values for MAX VPI Bits and MAX VCI Bits If the devices do not use the same standards they cannot communicate with each other The following fields are shown on the screen ATM Mode Shows the ATM Mode of operation which is set to LAN Emulation Version 1 The ATM Mode cannot be changed in this release Signalling Specifies the User to Network Interface UNI Signalling protocol used to
112. onmental Specifications C 1 ATM Cable Specification C 1 Does the Cable Provide Sufficient Bandwidth C 2 TROUBLESHOOTING How to Use this Guide to Troubleshoot D 1 Using LEDs D 2 Identifying the Problem D 3 ELAN Configuration Problems D 15 Solving Known Problems D 17 Power Supply Problems D 18 Power On Self Test POST Failure D 19 Cable Connection Problems D 20 ATM Problems D 21 VLAN or ELAN Problems D 22 Cleaning Dirty Fiber Optic Connectors D 24 TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND SERVICE Electronic Support E 1 WWW E 1 FIP E 1 IBM Bulletin Board System E 1 Voice Support E 1 NOTICES TRADEMARKS AND WARRANTIES Trademarks F 1 Statement of Limited Warranty F 2 Production Status F 2 The IBM Warranty for Machines F 2 Warranty Service F 3 Extent of Warranty F 3 Limitation of Liability F 4 Electronic Emission Notices F 5 Federal Communications Commission FCC Statement F 5 Canadian Department of Communications DOC Compliance Statement F 5 Avis de conformite aux normes du ministere des Communications du Canada F 5 European Union EU Statement F 6 Japanese Voluntary Control Council for Interference VCCI Statement Class B F 7 Korean Communications Statement F 7 Information To The User F 7 GLOSSARY BIBLIOGRAPHY Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM 1 LAN Emulation LANE 1 INDEX ABOUT THIS GUIDE Introduction gt This guide provides the information that you need to install and configure th
113. oo many connections You may wish to Resources have been requested consider extending or and the tables used by restructuring your There are the LES may be full network insufficient and the connection resources to grant a cannot be set up request The ATM Switch is busy and cannot provide LECS functionality There is a mismatch between the VPI VCI range supported by adjacent ATM devices Example If Switch A supports VPI VCI values 7 511 and Switch B only supports values up to 7 255 when Signalling tries to set up a connection using the VPI VCI value 7 256 Switch B rejects the connection Use a separate ATM Switch for LECS functionality M ake the MAX VPI VCI Bits compatible Access Denied The LEC is trying to join an ELAN that it is not The LES has denied allowed to access the LEC access to the ELAN for security reasons Check your LANE Services setup continued Table D 4 Last LEC Failure Reason continued APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING State Possible Causes Possible Solutions Invalid There isa problem with Contact Technical Requestor ID the LEC software Support The LEC Identifier LECID is not zero or is not recognized as this LEC s LECID Invalid LAN Destination You are trying to register a multicast address with the LES You may have configured an illegal Local Administration Address Check that the Local Administration Address is valid Local Administra
114. ork LAN Emulation LANE is a standards based technology specifically designed to provide interoperability between existing Ethernet Fast Ethernet networks and ATM networks LANE allows users to interoperate with ATM or traditional LAN based servers over ATM for higher performance and functionality CHAPTER 1 FEATURES AND BENEFITS ATM Module Features The following list summarizes the ATM Module features These features are described in more detail in this guide Conforms to ATM Forum Standards OC 3c 155Mbps Interface a SONET STS 3c and SDH STM 1 compliant a Multi mode Fiber SC connectors LAN Emulation LANE version 1 0 16 Emulated LAN Clients a 512 Virtual Circuits 1024 remote MAC Addresses User To Network Interface UNI version 3 0 and 3 1 Interim Local Management Interface ILM 1 AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer 16 Virtual LANs VLANs RMON per Emulated LAN RMON Groups supported a Alarms a Events a Statistics a History Data buffer to store 40 000 ATM cells m High performance with fast data transfer a Wire Rate Transmission on ATM port a Low Latency 68 microseconds when using Store and Forward traffic management between ATM and Ethernet components m Resilient Links protect your network against cable and equipment failure m SNMP management m Telnet and local management using VT100 screens Cabling and environmental specifications are listed in Appendix C ATM Module Technical Spec
115. our ATM Self Test POST Module is not correct or has become MGMT LED is Yellow flashing corrupted There is a hardware problem with the ATM Module Upgrade the version of software on the Switch m Contact Technical Support m Upgrade the version of software on the ATM Module Contact Technical Support D 20 APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING Cable Connection Problems Table D 7 Cable Connection Problems Problem Possible Causes Possible Solutions Link Status LED indicates that m One or both of the ATM ports forming m Ensure that both ports are enabled there is a problem with a link the connection are turned off disabled Far End Status LED indicates that there is a problem with the ATM Module transmit connection m The cable at either end of the link has m Ensure that the cable is securely connected to the become loose or accidentally port at both ends of the link disconnected m The two connectors at one end of the m Check each end of the cable to ensure that each of fiber cable may be plugged into the port the fiber connectors is correctly connected You may the wrong way around need to reverse the TX and RX cable connectors at one end of the connection m The fiber optic is caught under aheavy m Remove any obstructions and straighten out any object or become bent out of shape kinks in the cable m The cable connector may be dirty m If you suspect that the fiber optic connector is dirty refer to Clea
116. our LAN Emulation services and the number of additional LAN Emulation Clients LECs your ATM edge device will attempt to join Can your ATM devices communicate with each other a Ensure that all of your ATM equipment is using the same line framing and signalling protocols a Ensure that all inter switch routes are configured correctly How do you intend to manage the ATM network Can the network manager communicate with the ATM devices you wish to manage Check the routing tables 4 2 CHAPTER 4 PUTTING YOUR ATM NETWORK TOGETHER m Does your network meet safety specifications You should always follow safety requirements and ensure that your device environment meets all technical specifications For the ATM Module these requirements are specified in Appendix A For other devices refer to the user guides that accompany those devices m Does your network conform to the ATM configuration rules Make sure that your network meets the configuration rules described in ATM Configuration Rules ATM Configuration Rules There are several things that you should consider before configuring your network Your cables and equipment must meet all of the technical specifications The ATM cable you connect to the ATM Module must conform to the M ulti M ode Fiber M M F PM D standard defined by ANSI x 3 166 1992 3Com supports 62 5 125mm multi mode fiber MMF PMD cable The maximum inter station distance includi
117. own below 47007900000000000000000000 00A03E000001 00 An ATM address consists of three sections of information and is 20 bytes in length network host identifier Where network is a network prefix assigned to the device by the ATM Switch and is 13 bytes long Where host is the edge device identifier and is 6 bytes long Where identifier identifies the client within the edge device and is 1 byte long ILMI provides a mechanism for the edge device in this case the ATM Module to inform the ATM Switch of the addresses it represents When the ATM Module initializes the ATM Switch sends a network prefixto the ATM Module The ATM Module then tries to register itself with the ATM Switch by attaching the prefix to the front of its MAC address and an identifier to the end of the address It then sends this back to the ATM switch If acceptable the ATM Switch registers the address as the ATM Module s ATM address 2 14 CHAPTER 2 NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS The ATM Layer and Cell Structure This section describes the cell structure and how the ATM Layer uses the information stored in the cell header to perform each of its tasks The ATM Layer s primary responsibility is to manage the sending and receiving of cells between the user and the network The ATM Layer accepts the user data and control information from the ATM Adaptation Layer adds the cell header and passes the resulting 53 byte cell to the physical layer In a
118. p of available local management screens The screens shaded gray appear when the ATM Module is installed If these screens do not appear your ATM Module is not installed correctly Keyboard Shortcuts There are several special characters or combinations of keyboard characters that allow you to navigate within the screens Ctrl K displays a list of the available key strokes AACCESSING MANAGEMENT FEATURES Correcting Text Entry gt Use Delete on a VT100 terminal or Backspace on a PC This moves the cursor one space to the left and deletes a character If you are using Telnet or a terminal emulation program you may find that some of the Control keys do not operate or that they activate other functions Check carefully in the manual accompanying your Telnet or terminal emulation software before using the Control keys CHAPTER 7 ACCESSING MANAGEMENT FEATURES Di Banner Logon Main Menu Management Levels Switch User Access Status Setup Upgrade a Software Initialize Reset elle A Con L a ATM Module Configuration Console J Port ATM LEC Setup Trap Fault Log Setup Setup Local en ves Delete Users Edit Users Security A l Unit Unit ATM er Port Port Unit ge ATM Port Statisti
119. purpose of the LES is to store address and control information for the ELAN it is serving and to pass this information onto the clients and other components within the ELAN The LES therefore needs to know the address of every client and component in the ELAN What is LAN Emulation LANE 23 Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS Each ELAN has a Broadcast and Unknown Server BUS The BUS forwards frames that it receives from any client to all of the clients in the ELAN The BUS is used to forward broadcast and multicast frames so that they are flooded throughout the ELAN The BUS also floods unicast frames if the location of the destination MAC address is unknown LAN Emulation Configuration Server LECS The LAN Emulation Configuration Server LECS is an optional component and is not essential for the normal running of an ELAN The LECS stores the names of all the ELANs that have been set up on the ATM network and the address of the LAN Emulation Server LES that serves each of these ELANs If there is an LECS on the network any client can interrogate the LECS to find the address of the server associated with the ELAN they wish to join The clients may also get ELAN configuration information from the LECS If a LECS is not present on the ATM network the server address to be used by the client must be specified using the management software on that client s ATM device CHAPTER 2 NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS LAN Emul
120. quipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equip ment generates uses and can radiate radio fre quency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Oper ation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Properly shielded and grounded cables and connec tors must be used in order to meet FCC emission limits IBM is not responsible for any radio or televi sion interference caused by using other than recom mended cables and connectors or by unauthorized changes or modifications to this equipment Unau thorized changes or modifications could void the user s authority to operate the equipment This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation dian Department of Communications Operation in a residential area may cause unacceptable interfer ence to radio and TV recep
121. r later ATM Forum ATM User Network Interface Specification Version 3 1 or later LAN Emulation LANE Standards ATM Forum LAN Emulation Over ATM Version 1 0 or later INDEX A Address resolution 2 6 2 13 ARP Table 8 8 Creating an entry 8 9 Deleting entries 8 10 Entry type 8 9 Locating an entry 8 10 Updating entries 8 10 Asynchronous Transfer Mode 2 8 AT Address resolution 2 6 2 13 ATM Layer 2 14 Benefits 1 1 Configuration examples 5 1 Building backbone 5 1 Campus 5 2 Resilient Links 5 4 Configuration rules 4 2 Control connections 4 3 Mode 8 2 Network limitations 4 3 Number of connections per ELAN 4 3 Planning your network 4 1 Resilient Links 5 4 Statistics 9 1 Terminology 1 What is it 2 8 ATM Adaptation Layer AAL 2 8 Segmentation and Reassembly SAR 2 8 ATM address Displaying 8 11 Farend 8 9 Format 2 13 LEC 9 6 LES 8 5 ATM Backbone Switch Network Examples 5 1 ATM Cell Benefits of use 2 8 Cell header 2 14 Cell Loss Priority CLP 2 14 Generic Flow Control GFC 2 14 Header Error Check HEC 2 14 Out of Cell Delineation State 9 10 Payload Type Identifier PTI 2 14 Structure 2 14 VCI field 2 14 VPI field 2 14 ATM Layer 2 14 ATM Module Boot software version number 8 4 Connecting a cable 6 5 Device support 6 3 Features summary 1 2 Hardware version number 8 3 Installing 6 4 Power supply 6 7 Software version number 8 4 ATM Port Configuration 8 2 Link State 8 7 Lost Lin
122. re 8 8 ATM ARP Table Screen VLAN Allows you to select a VLAN and display address information about remote systems connected to that VLAN Port Identifies the selected port Far MAC Address Shows the MAC Address on the edge device at the far end of the connection Far ATM Address Shows the ATM Address for the LEC on the edge device at the far end of the connection Type The address entry can be Permanent The address entries are retained even if the device is reset or a power off on cycle occurs All entries made through this screen are stored as Permanent entries Dynamic The address entries are aged out after a set period of time Static The address entries are discarded when the switch is reset The following fields are used in conjunction with the buttons at the bottom of the screen Far MAC Address Allows you to type in the MAC address of end stations in the network Far ATM Address Allows you to type in the ATM address of the far end LEC associated with the far end MAC address FIND ATM ADDRESS This button allows you to locate the ATM address mapped to a specified MAC address REFRESH This button updates the view of the ARP Table to include the latest available information INSERT This button allows you to create a MAC Address to ATM address mapping in the ARP Table DELETE This button allows you to delete a MAC address to ATM address mapping in the ARP Table Creating a MAC Address to ATM
123. rer Logon a J gt gt r Switch User Access Management Software 7 Remote ATM Ea Levels Status Setup Upgrade Initialize Reset Poll Configuration Logoff L y a J L J ATM Module Configuration T Console Fault Log a rap Port EAR J Setup ATM E E LEC Setup Local SEN Delete Users Edit Users Security a Te Ea Se nit nit Phin id pe Port Setup BR Database Resilience Unit Setup Unit Setup VLAN Server VLAN Setup Port I L JA View Summary k Statistics H Port Traffic Port Error ATM ATM c A M n ATM Module Statistics Analysis LEC Setup ARP Table ole Configuration L ae J ATM i LEC Setu ATMVLAN e S LEC Status Statistics Figure 8 1 Management Screen Map CHAPTER 8 MANAGING THE ATM MODULE Configuring an ATM Port gt gt The ATM Module Configuration Screen shows the settings and standards used by the ATM Module to communicate with other devices on the ATM network It is unlikely that you will need to change the value of these settings once they have been set ATTENTION If you need to change the value of any of the settings you may experience a temporary loss of communication while the device resets If you do not need to make any changes select the CANCEL button and not the OK button Selecting the OK button resets the device The ATM Module Configuration screen can be accessed from the Main Menu or from the ATM Port Setup screen m Select the ATM CONFIGURATION option fr
124. s Identifying the Problem This section describes how to identify problems and suggests possible solutions Flow diagrams have been used to summarize the process and each step shown in the flow diagrams is described in more detail in the text This section assumes that the following conditions have been met a The ATM Module has been installed correctly as described in Chapter 6 Installing and Setting Up the Module m The device is alive when pinged and can be accessed through the local management screens a Both the ATM Module and the ATM Switch or attached ATM device are using the same physical standard either SONET STS 3c or SDH STM 1 D 4 APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING Check Link LEDs and cabling there any errors Access ATM Port Set Up Is the ATM port alt enabled de Access the ATM Port Statistics le the Port Contact Technical Support Access ATM VLAN LEC Status Enable ILMI ATM Switch in the ATM Switch This flow diagram assumes that the device is alive and can be accessed through the local management screens It also assumes that the same physical standard SONET or SDH is used at both ends of the link 47 Access ATM Module Configuration Contact Technical Support NO See ELAN Configuration Problems Problem solved END Fig
125. s 96 sampling periods can be accessed through the SONET MIB using a MIB Browser ATM Physical Layer Statistics 9 11 Physical Layer statistics are broken down into the following layers m Path The Path Layer deals with the mapping of ATM cells to SONET or SDH frames The ATM Module supports 1 path m Line The Line Layer provides synchronization and multiplexing functions for the Path Layer across the physical medium m Section The Section Layer deals with framing scrambling and section error monitoring Physical Layer errors are measured in units called Seconds each Second is a second in time In the following statistics a second is considered errored if it contains a Coding Violation A coding violation occurs when the parity check in the SONET or SDH frame indicates that the cell payload has been corrupted A second is considered severely errored if it contains 16 coding violations for a path or section or 32 coding violations for a line counter A second is unavailable if 10 continuous severely errored seconds are seen at the ATM interface A second becomes available again when 10 consecutive seconds are received that are not severely errored CHAPTER 9 MONITORING THE ATM MODULE The following statistics are available Errored Seconds Near The number of errored seconds at the ATM Module end of the connection Errored Seconds Far The number of seconds at the ATM Switch end of the connectio
126. se the standard ILMI VPI VCI values VPI 0 VCI 16 Are the MAX VPI and VCI Bits Compatible To communicate with each other edge devices must use compatible MAX VPI Bits and MAX VCI Bits settings The MAX VPI Bits and MAX VCI Bits settings determine how many bits are used within each cell header to define the value of the VPI and VCI The VPI and VCI values identify the connection N nn Some ATM devices automatically negotiate the number of bits used for the VPI and VCI fields In this situation you would only change the number of bits if you want to increase the number of bits used by both ATM devices On the ATM Module these settings are shown on the ATM Module Configuration screen see Figure D 6 on page D 9 The default setting for MAX VPI Bits is 3 and 8 for MAX VCI Bits Refer to the ATM Switch user guide to find out how to locate these settings on your ATM Switch Are the settings compatible Yes If you are still experiencing problems contact Technical support No go to step 21 Make the MAX VPI and VCI Bits Compatible Ensure that the MAX VPI Bits and MAX VCI Bits settings are compatible Is the LEC Operational Using the ATM VLAN LEC Status screen described in step 9 check the Last LEC Failure Reason Isthe Last LEC Failure Reason field set to None Yes the LEC is operational Go to step 25 No go to step 23 Why has the LEC Operation Failed There are two fields on the
127. sf hren von Wartungsarbeiten unbedingt die Sicherheitshinweise in Anhang A Sicherheitshinweise dieses Handbuchs lesen Gevaar Alvorens een component van een apparaat te installeren of te verwijderen of alvorens een onderhoudstaak uit te voeren moet u de veiligheidsrichtlijnen lezen in Appendix A Safety Information van deze handleiding A A INSTALLING AND SETTING UP THE MODULE Perigo Antes de instalar ou remover qualquer componente de um dispositivo ou executar qualquer trabalho de manutenc o voc deve ler as informa es sobre seguran a fornecidas no Ap ndice A Informac es de Seguran a deste guia Fare L s sikkerhedsforskrifterne i till g A SafetyInformation i denne vejledning inden du installerer ellerafmonterer en enheds komponenter eller udfgrer vedligeholdelsesopgaver Gevaar Voordat u onderhoudswerk uitvoertof componenten van een apparaat installeert of verwijdert dient u eerst de veiligheidsvoorschriften te lezen in Appendix A Safety Information van deze handleiding Pericolo Prima di installare o di rimuovere qualunque componente di un dispositivo e prima di eseguire qualunque intervento di manutenzione bisogna leggere le informazioni relative alla sicurezza fornite nell Appendice A di questaguida Fare For du installerer eller fjerner Komponenter i en enhet eller utfgrer vedlikeholdsarbeid ma du lese sikkerhetsinformasjonen i Appendix A Safety I
128. shown in the End field it is the address of the LEC in the ATM Switch or attached ATM device at the far end of the connection Type shows the connection type The connection types can be Incoming the switched virtual circuit was set up by the Far End LEC Outgoing the switched virtual circuit was set up by the Near End LEC Reserved a permanent virtual circuit has been set up VPI VCI Allows you to specify the ATM connection by typing in the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier labels Alternatively you can use the spacebar to select and copy a VPI VCI entry from the listbox FIND ATM ADDRESS This button allows you to find an ATM Address REFRESH This button allows you to update the view of ATM connection details Setting Up Resilient Links 8 11 Finding an ATM Connection 1 Inthe VPI VCI field type in the ATM Connection you wish to view 2 Select the FIND ATM ADDRESS button Updating Address Entries To view up to date ATM Connection Table details select the REFRESH button Setting Up Resilient Links You can protect a critical communication link against failure by ensuring that should the main communication link fail a standby duplicate communication link immediately and automatically takes over the task of the main link Each main and standby link pair is referred to as a resilient link pair m If you wish to setup an ATM port as part of a resilient link the other por
129. ss permissions are changed Load server failed to respond Communication with the TFTP server could not be established Ensure that the workstation on which the TFIP server is set up is operating and that the network connection has been set up correctly The download could not be started because of a lack of resources You are trying to download a file which requires more memory than is available The record length differs from that implied by the value of the record length field Upgrading Software 8 13 The file you want to download may have been corrupted You should obtain a valid file and try again The record type is not recognized The file you want to download may have been corrupted or is not the correct type of file for the selected device You should obtain a valid file and try again Record checksum error The file you want to download has been corrupted In this case you should either retry with the current file or obtain a valid file and try again The device type in the file is incorrect The file you are trying to download is not suitable for the selected device Ensure that you select either a different file or a different device before you try again The software image is not suitable for this version of the hardware The file you are trying to download is not suitable for the selected device Ensure that you select either a different file or a different device before you try again Timeout
130. stallatie van dit produkt moet u eerst de veiligheidsinstructies lezen in de brochure PAS OP Veiligheidsinstructies Lees dit eerst SD21 0030 Hierin wordt beschreven hoe u electrische apparatuur op een veilige manier moet bekabelen en aansluiten APPENDIX A SAFETY INFORMATION Gevarr Voordat u begint met het installeren van dit produkt dient u eerst de veiligheidsrichtliinen te lezen die zijn vermeld in de publikatie Caution Safety Informtion Read This First SD21 0030 In dit boekje vindt u veilige procedures voor het aansluiten van elektrische appratuur Vorsicht Bevor mit der Installation des Produktes begonnen wird die Sicherheitshinweise in Achtung Sicherheitsinformationen Bitte zuerst lesen IBM Form SD21 0030 Diese Ver ffentlichung bes chreibt die Sicherheitsvorkehrungen f r das Verka beln und Anschlie en elktrischer Ger te Danger Avant d installer le pr sent produit con sultez le livret Attention Informations pour la s cu rit Lisez moi d abord SD21 0030 qui d crit les proc dures a respecter pour effectuer les op rations de c blage et brancher les quipements lectriques en toute s curit Danger Avant de proc der a l installation de ce produit lisez d abord les consignes de s curit dans la brochure ATTENTION Consignes de s curit A lire au pr alable SD21 0030 Cette brochure d crit les proc dures pour cabler et connecter les appar eils lectriques en toute s curit
131. sts the remote destination MAC addresses and the ATM address of the LEC though which each destination MAC address can be reached Prior to sending a frame with a known destination the LEC checks the ARP Table to see if the destination MAC address of the frame is listed in the ARP Table The action the LEC then takes depends on whether the MAC address is listed in the ARP Table a If the destination MAC address is listed in the ARP Table a and there is an ATM connection to that LEC the frame is sent directly to that LEC and an ATM connection has not already been set up the LEC sets up an ATM connection a If the destination MAC address is not listed in the ARP Table the LEC sends the frame to the BUS The BUS then sends the frame to all LECs on the Emulated LAN Sending a frame to every LEC is an inefficient use of resources so the LEC also tries to locate the MAC address for future use To discover the correct address the LEC uses a process called LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol LE_ARP LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol LE ARP An LE APP request is sent to the LES to locate the destination MAC address The LES in turn sends the LE ARP request to all of the LECs in the Emulated LAN LECs represent act as a proxy for MAC address devices connected to the Ethernet ports When a LEC receives an LE_ARP request it checks whether the MAC address is on its Switch It does this by checking the entri
132. t frame it checks to see if it originally sent the frame and then does the following m If the LEC sent the frame it discards the frame m If the LEC did not send the frame the LEC passes the frame to the Ethernet device so that it can be forwarded to the appropriate port s Unlike broadcast and multicast frames the number of unicast frames that can be sent to the BUS every second is limited so as not to overload the BUS and LECs with too much traffic 2 8 CHAPTER 2 NETWORK LAYER CONCEPTS ATM Adaptation Layer AAL Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM Layer Ethernet frames can be between 64 and 1514 bytes in length ATM transmits data in fixed length cells Each cell contains 48 bytes of user data The ATM Adaptation Layer AAL converts data between the Ethernet and ATM formats The AAL has a Segmentation and Reassembly SAR sub layer that does the conversion In the sending device the LEC passes the Ethernet frames to the SAR The SAR converts the user data into fixed length cells and passes these cells to the ATM Layer for transmission across the ATM network In the receiving device the SAR converts the ATM cells back into the appropriate user data again and passes this data to the LEC As ATM can carry different traffic types for example voice video and other data several Adaptation Layer protocols have been defined These protocols operate simultaneously within the Adaptation Layer and allow the ATM Lay
133. t in the resilient link must be a Virtual LAN Trunk a member of all VLANs m Typically the ATM Module port is paired with a Fast Ethernet port on the ATM Switch CHAPTER 8 MANAGING THE ATM MODULE Every 2 minutes the Switch checks the resilient links to ensure that the fastest link is the Main active link in the resilient link pair If the fastest link is not the Main active link the Switch automatically makes it the Main active link on the condition that m There have not been any Lost Links within the last 2 minutes on the faster link that will become the Main active link m The faster link has been up for 2 minutes See the guide which accompanies your Switch for more details about setting up resilient links IBH 8271 Nways Switch Software Upgrade Destination ATM Module File Name 1sat188 51x 1 Server Address 191 1 1 15 1 This operation will reset the device once the upgrade has been completed IP address format d d d d IPX address format AABBCCDD AABBCCDDEEFF OK CANCEL Upgrading Software The ATM Module has its own software which is upgraded independently of the Switch software You may need to upgrade the software on the ATM Module or Switch if IBM produces a new version of the code or if the existing code has somehow become corrupted The replacement software image must be held or placed on a local server which supports the Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP S
134. tel va diaBdoete Tig TT NPOPOPIES aowpaAstag oto Map ptnpa A Safety Information auto Tou odnyou gt gt gt gt FEE E VIGYAZAT VESZELY A k sz l k b rmely elem nek telep t se vagy leszerel se illetve b rmilyen fenntart si tev kenys g el tt nnek el kell olvasnia a jelen tmutat A F ggel k ben l v biztons gi inform ci kat SE Ad TAQA AASHI Als FA AAS al ob7 Moll oi Harte 45 A OM Bol LE QE OM AHS OANA Niebezpieczenstwo Przed zainstalowaniem lub usunigciem jakiegokolwiek komponentu urzadzenia lub przeprowadzeniem czynnosci zwiazanych z obstuga urzadzenia nalezy przeczytac Dodatek A Uwagi dotycz ce bezpiecze stwa Onacho Nepean ycTaHoBKoU nnn ynaneHuem Kakoro nu6o anemeHTa YCTPO CTBAa N NMPOBeAeHnem TEXHN4YECKOFO O CNYKNBAHNA HEOGXOAMMO O3HAKOMUTECA C MHPOPmaLMe MO TexHuke 6esomacHocTuU NpuBeAeHHORN B MpunoxeHun A NHPpopmauna no TexHuke GesonacHocTu Nebezpecenstvo Pred in tal ciou alebo odobrat ktorej koWek jednotky alebo inej pr ce spojene s dan m zariaden m mus te si precitaY bezpe nostn predpisy v Appendixe A Bezpe nostn predpisy v tejto knihe Nevarnost Preden instalirate ali odstranite neko komponentno iz naprave ali kadar izvajate vzdr evalna dela morate prebrati navodila za varno uporabo navedena v Dodatku A Varnostne informacije tega navodila Lk TEBAS LIEST ALPE d m A BRA FMI A PA AA Devic
135. tes a previously registered MAC address The LES has received a request from a LEC which contains a MAC address already registered to another LEC on the same ELAN You may have accidentally entered the same MAC addresses twice Ensure that MAC addresses are unique ATM VLAN LEC Status 97 Table 9 3 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes Possible Solutions Duplicated ATM TheLEShasreceived a Ensure that ATM Address request from a LEC addresses are unique which containsan ATM Check the LES A source ATM address already database for duplicate address duplicates a registered to another addresses previously LEC on the same ELAN registered ATM address For example if a LES is faulty when a LEC disconnects from the LES the LES might fail to register the change When the LEC tries to rejoin the LES the LES still has that LEC s ATM address in its database and thinks that two devices have the same ATM address You may have accidentally entered the same ATM addresses twice continued 9 8 CHAPTER 9 MONITORING THE ATM MODULE Table 9 3 Last LEC Failure Reason State Possible Causes Possible Solutions Insufficient Too many connections You may wish to Resources have been requested consider extending or and the tables used by restructuring your There are the LES may be full network insufficient and the connection resources to grant a request Cannot be set up The ATM Sw
136. the same ELAN and LAN type they will not be able to communicate except through the use of a routing protocol Are the LECs on the same ELAN and LAN type Yes go to step 3 No go to step 2 Re map or Route the LEC Devices will not be able to communicate with each other if they are on different ELANs or use different LAN types for example if one device is on a Fast Ethernet LAN and the other is on a Token Ring LAN Check that you really wish the end devices to communicate with each other and that they use the same LAN type If the answer is yes you should either move one of the LECs or use routing as described below Move one of the LECs Move one of the LECs onto the same ELAN as the other LEC On the ATM Module you can assign a LEC to a different ELAN as follows a Select the ATM CONFIGURATION option from the Main Menu The ATM Module Configuration screen is displayed as shown in Figure D 6 Select the ATM LEC SETUP button APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING An example of the ATM LEC Setup screen is shown in Figure D 8 b Select the VLAN associated with the LEC that you wish to move c Either enter the ATM address of the LES that the LEC is going to join or select LECS d Inthe ELAN name field enter the name of the ELAN that the LEC is now to join and select the APPLY button IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH LEC Setup Select APPLY after configuring the LEC parameters for each ULAN Selecting another VLAN
137. tion Address setup is beyond the scope of this guide Invalid ATM Address Source or destination ATM address is not in a recognized format The ATM address field may have been corrupted or not in the correct format For example it may be in E 164 when OSI N SAP address coding is required Contact your supplier or Technical Support No Configuration The LECS LES does not recognize the LEC orthe requested ELAN The MAC address may be invalid The LEC may be requesting a resource that is on an ELAN which has a different LAN type to the LEC You may have entered an invalid ELAN name Check that each MAC address on your network is unique Check the LAN type used Check that the ELAN name is correct and the ELAN has been set up correctly continued Table D 4 Last LEC Failure Reason continued State Possible Causes Possible Solutions LE_CONFIGURE Error The information provided by the LEC may be invalid This state may be given to refuse a service without giving a specific Asthis state is used to indicate a range of problems you should check the other states and solutions described in this table If this does not resolve reason the problem contact Technical Support Check that the ELAN You may have entered name iscorrect and an invalid ELAN name the ELAN has been set up correctly Insuffident The MAC address may Check that each MAC Information b
138. tion requiring the owner or operator to take whatever steps are necessary to correct the interference Avis de conformite aux normes du ministere des Communications du Canada Cet equipment ne depasse pas les limits de Classe A d emission de bruits radioelectriques pour les appar eils numeriques telles que prescrites par le Regle ment sur le brouillage radioelectrique etabli par le ministere des Communications du Canada L exploi tation faite en milieu residentiel peut entrainer le brouillage des receptions radio et tele ce qui oblig erait le proprietaire ou l operateur a prendre les dis positions necessaires pour en eleminer les causes F 6 APPENDIX F NOTICES TRADEMARKS AND WARRANTIES European Union EU Statement Das Ger t erf llt die Schutzanforderungen nach This product is in conformity with the protection requirements of EU Council Directive 89 336 EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility IBM cannot accept responsibility for any failure to satisfy the protection requirements resulting from a non recommended modification of the product including the fitting of non IBM option cards This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Class B Information Technology Equipment according to CISPR22 European Stan dard EN 55022 The limits for Class B equipment were derived for typical residential environments to provide reasonable protection against
139. to the LEC The frame size used could be wrong Check the underlying media for both the ELAN and the LEC requesting the service Check the frame sizes being used Duplicate LAN Destination A destination source The LES has received a request from a LEC which contains a MAC address already Ensure that MAC addresses are unique MAC address registered to another duplicates a LEC on the same ELAN previously registered MAC address You may have accidentally entered the same MAC addresses twice continued Table D 4 Last LEC Failure Reason continued State Possible Causes Possible Solutions Duplicated ATM Address A source ATM address duplicates a previously registered ATM address The LES has received a request from a LEC which contains an ATM address already registered to another LEC on the same ELAN For example if a LES is faulty when a LEC disconnects from the LES the LES might fail to register the change When the LEC tries to rejoin the LES the LES still has that LEC s ATM address in its database and thinks that two devices have the same ATM address You may have accidentally entered the same ATM addresses twice Ensure that ATM addresses are unique Check the LES database for duplicate addresses continued Identifying the Problem D 13 Table D 4 Last LEC Failure Reason continued State Possible Causes Possible Solutions Insufficient T
140. top or bottom of the circuit board Ensure that the module is pushed fully into the unit Use the thumb screws attached to the ATM Module to fix the module firmly into place Connect the Switch to the ATM network as described in Connecting a cable to the ATM Port on page 6 5 Power up the Switch as described in Powering Up the Switch on page 6 5 Follow the post installation checks as described in Post Installation Checks on page 6 5 ATM OC 3c Module Far End Status TX Link Status RX D Reset Console Port 9600 8 1 N Ei RX TX P N 02L1330 FRU 02L1336 0 Figure 6 1 Fitting the ATM Module Connecting a cable to the ATM Port 1 Ensure that the cable you wish to connect to the port meets the correct specification For cable specifications refer to ATM Cable Specification on page C 1 Each end of the fiber cable has a transmit Tx and receive Rx connector Connect the Rx connector to the port s Tx socket Connect the Tx connector to the port s Rx socket Do the same at the other end of the connection Powering Up the Switch The Switch does not have an On Off button so the only way to power up the Switch is to connect it to the main power supply using a power cable Connecting a power supply and safety information is described
141. tuac o mantida apenas se oequipa mento ao qual ela est conectada tamb m funcionar sob a condic o SELV Fare Denne enhed fungerer ved svagstram i hen hold til betingelsernei IEC 950 Disse betingelser overholdes kun hvis det udstyr enheden er sluttet til ogs fungerer ved svagstram APPENDIX A SAFETY INFORMATION Gervaar Deze eenheid werkt onder extra lage spanning SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage volgens norm IEC 950 Er wordt uitsluitend aan deze norm voldaan zolang de apparatuur waarmee de eenheid is verbonden ook werkt onder SELV Vaara Tama yksikk sis lt kansainv lisen turva standardin IEC 950 mukaisia SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage suojaj nnitepiirej Yksikk t ytt standardissa kuvatut ehdot vain jos laite johonyk sikk liitet n k ytt SELV piirej Pericolo Questa unit funziona in condizioni di bassissima tensionedi sicurezza SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage secondo l IEC 950 Tali condizioni sono rispettate solo se anche l apparecchiaturaa cui l unit e collegata funziona in SELV Fare Dette utstyret drives med str m fra kretser med ekstra lav spenning SELV kretser i henhold til standarden IEC 950 Denne spenningen opprettholdes kun dersom utstyret som det er koblet til ogs drives av s kalte SELV kretser Perigo Esta unidade funciona sob condi es SELV Safety Extra LowVoltage Tens o Muito Baixa de Seguran a de acordo com anorma IEC 950 O estabelecido
142. tware is contained within ATM devices which can be added to your existing network LANE allows you to add ATM to your network without having to replace or upgrade the whole of your underlying technology LANE allows you to do this because it is completely transparent to the ATM network and to the traditional LAN network end users operating systems and applications LAN Emulation allows users on traditional LANs to communicate over ATM by performing the following tasks m Emulates the broadcast nature of LANs m Maps MAC addresses to ATM addresses m Maps upper layer connection less technologies to the connection oriented ATM network Although LAN Emulation emulates a range of network technologies all examples in this guide are be based on an Ethernet network LAN Emulation Components Each Emulated LAN ELAN is composed of a set of LAN Emulation components This section describes each of these components LAN Emulation Client LEC Each ATM device has a number of LAN Emulation diients Each LAN Emulation Client LEC is responsible for taking Ethernet frames and passing them through the ATM network to the LEC serving the destination address The destination LEC is responsible for receiving the frame from the ATM network and passing it to the local Ethernet network where it can be delivered to the destination address LAN Emulation Server LES Each LAN Emulation Server LES controls a single Emulated LAN ELAN The
143. ure D 1 Troubleshooting How Diagram Make ILMI use The numbered steps in this section relate to the gt e IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH Physical Layer Statistics numbered steps shown in Figure D 1 p g Port 25 Access the Physical Layer Statistics Screen Euren Sanies SC out of 988 Seconds Elapsed Sample Counter Pat Line a Select the SWITCH MANAGEMENT option from EE sess i Errored Seconds Near 8 8 the Main Menu The Switch Management screen is Errored Seconds Far o 8 Severe Errored Sec Near 8 8 displayed Coding Violations Near O o A A m Codi Violati F 8 8 b Ensure that the Port option is selected in the Unavailable Seconds Mar 8 8 Management Level field Unavailable Seconds Far 8 8 c Ensure that the ATM port number is entered in the ae Port ID field For example the ATM port is a Port 13 on an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Figure D 2 ATM Physical Layer Statistics Switch Model 612 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 712 2 Are there Physical Layer Errors ef a Port 25 on an IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 624 and IBM 8271 Nways Ethernet LAN Switch Model 524 d Select the STATS button The ATM Port Statistics screen is displayed e Select the PHYSICAL button to display the SONET or SDH physical layer statistics An example of the Yes go to step 3 Physical Layer Statistics screen is shown in Figure D 2 No go to step 4 a If the OCD State field is set to
144. use 4 3 Physical Layer 2 15 Line rate 9 13 Path line and section 2 15 9 11 Scrambling 9 11 SDH STM 1 2 15 8 3 SONET STS 3c 2 15 8 3 Statistics 9 10 Transmit clock 9 13 Planning your network 4 1 Port Configuration 8 2 Setup 8 6 Speed 8 7 State 8 7 Statistics 9 3 Power supply 6 3 6 7 PTI 2 14 R Resilient Links 8 11 Configuration amp ample 5 4 Routing 2 4 D 15 Rules for ATM configuration 4 2 S Safety information 6 1 Screen access rights B 1 SDH 2 15 Configuring 8 3 Statistics 9 10 Segmentation and Reassembly SAR 2 8 service technical E 1 Signalling 2 8 2 10 8 2 Software upgrade Error messages 8 13 Status messages 8 14 Software version number 8 4 SONET 2 15 Configuring 8 3 Statistics 9 10 Statistics AAL5 Discarded Frames 9 4 Errored Frames 9 4 Frames Received 9 4 Frames Transmitted 9 4 Octets Received 9 4 Octets Transmitted 9 4 ATM Bad VCC Received 9 5 Cells Received 9 5 Cells Transmitted 9 5 Errored Cells 9 5 Clearing screen counters 9 5 9 10 Ethernet Frames Received 9 10 Frames Transmitted 9 10 Octets Received 9 10 Octets Transmitted 9 10 Lost Links 8 8 Overview 9 2 Physical Layer 9 10 Coding Violations 9 11 Errored Seconds 9 12 OCD 9 10 Severe Errored Seconds 9 12 Troubleshooting 9 12 Unavailable Seconds 9 12 Receive Bandwidth Used 9 3 Receive Errors 9 4 Sampling period 9 2 9 11 Screen map 9 1 SDH 9 10 SONET 9 10 Transmit Bandwidth Used 9 3 VLAN 9 5 support technical E 1
145. use AAL5 Frames Transmitted 462252145 Octets Transmitted 3814474626 CLEAR SCREEN COUNTERS CANCEL Yes go to step 13 No go to step 12 Figure D 5 ATM VLAN LEC Status Screen is ey Ca Wd Y Both Devices Must be AAL5 Compliant The ATM Module is compatible with AAL5 ATM devices If the ATM Switch connected to the ATM Module does not support AAL5 you will not be able to get the two devices to communicate Re configure your network to ensure that the ATM devices are compatible Is ILMI Turned On Some devices enable you to turn the Interim Local Management Interface ILM I on and off ILMI on the ATM Module is set to ON and cannot be configured through the local management screens Check the user guides that accompany your ATM Switch to see if you can configure ILMI and check to see if it is tumed on Is ILMI turned on at the ATM Switch Yes go to Step 15 No go to Step 14 Turn ILMI On Turn ILMI on at the ATM Switch Refer to the user guide that accompanies your ATM Switch Access the ATM Module Configuration Screen From the Main Menu select the ATM CONFIGURATION option An example of the ATM Module Configuration screen is shown in Figure D 6 IBH 8271 Nways Switch ATH Hodule Configuration Changing the configuration displayed on this screen will cause the device to be reset and may result in a loss of communication Please refer to the manual before editing any of t
146. users is known as the Virtual Channel Connection Also defined asa concatenation of virtual channel link The VCC used is identified using two labels the Virtual Path Identifier and the Virtual Channel Identifier VCI Virtual Channel Identifier A 16 bit value in the ATM cell header that provides a unique identifier for the virtual channel VC that carries that particular cell Virtual Channel VLAN See VC Virtual Local Area Network A group of location and topology independent devices that communicate as if they are on the same physical LAN VLT Virtual LAN Trunk A connection which carries traffic for more than one VLAN A port which is part of a VLT connection may be a member of all VLANs VP Virtual Path Describes a set of virtual channels VCs between switches grouped together VPC Virtual Path Connection A concatenation of VP links VPCI VCI Virtual Path Connection Identifier Virtual Channel Identifier A combination of two numbers one for identifying the VP and one for the VCI VPI Virtual Path Identifier An 8 bit value in the cell header that identifies the connection to which the cell belongs BIBLIOGRAPHY Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM Books ATM Foundation for Broadband Networks Author Uyless Black Published by Prentice Hall ISBN 0 13 297178 X Standards ATM Forum Integrated Local Management Interface ILMI Specification Version 3 1 o
147. ve m If you are logging on for the first time after installation or initialization use a default user name and password to match your access requirements We recommend that you use the default user security so that you can access all functions The default users are shown in Table 7 1 on page 7 4 m If you have been assigned a user name access level and password type in these details CHAPTER 7 ACCESSING MANAGEMENT FEATURES Table 7 1 Default Users User Name Default Access Level Password monitor monitor monitor this user can view but not change settings on the screens they can access manager manager manager this user can view and security admin change the operational parameters but not the special security features on the screens they can access security security this user can view and change all manageable parameters on the screens they can access no password security this user can view and change all manageable parameters on the screens they can access To find out which ATM screens can be accessed for each of the security levels refer to Appendix B Screen Access Rights For access rights to Switch screens see the user guide that accompanies your Switch When you have logged on the Main Menu screen is displayed as shown in Figure 7 4 Logging Off When you have finished using the facility select the LOGOFF option from the bottom of the Main Menu If you ac
148. virtual connection established by network management between two points that is permanently available routing SNMP A network management function responsible for forwarding packets from their source to their destination A number of routing algorithms exist to suit different network topologies and requirements Segmentation and Reassembly Partitions segments information frames into cells at the source and reassembles these cells back into information frames at the destination These activities occur at the lower half of the AAL It inserts the data from the information frames into the cell It adds any necessary header or trailer bits to the data and passes the 48 octet to the ATM Layer Each AAL type has its own SAR format At the destination the cell payload is extracted and converted to the appropriate information frame Synchronous Digital Hierarchy A hierarchy that determines signal interfaces for very high speed digital transmission over optical fiber links Simple Network Management Protocol A standard defined for handling management information SONET Synchronous Optical Network An ANSI defined standard for high speed and high quality digital optical transmission It has been recognized as the North American standard for SDH SVC Switched Virtual Circuit A connection where control signalling is used to dynamically establish the connection and remove it when no longer required For example telep
149. w Control GFC 2 14 Glossary 1 H Hardware version number 8 3 Header Error Check HEC 2 14 I IBM Bulletin Board System E 1 Installing the ATM Module 6 4 Post installation checks 6 6 L LAN Emulation LANE Benefits 1 1 Components 2 3 Configuration problems D 15 LAN Emulation Client LEC 2 3 LAN Emulation Configuration Server LECS 2 3 LAN Emulation Server LES 2 3 LE ARP 2 7 Within 3Com devices 2 4 LAN Emulation Client LEC 2 3 ATM address 9 6 Last LEC Failure Reason 9 6 LEC Operation at Failure 9 9 LEC State 8 8 9 6 MAC address proxy 2 6 2 7 Mapping to ELAN 9 6 LAN Emulation Configuration Server LECS ATM address 2 5 Defined 2 3 LAN Emulation Server LES 2 3 ATM address 8 5 Joining 9 6 LAN Emulation Service 2 4 Last LEC Failure Reason 9 6 LEC Operation at Failure 9 9 LEC State 8 8 9 6 LEDs Summary 6 6 D 2 Link State 8 7 Logging off 7 4 Lost Links 8 8 M MAC address Farend 8 9 Finding 8 10 Mapping MAC to ATM address 8 8 Number of addresses supported 4 3 Proxy 2 6 2 7 Manual Finding information 2 Manual configuration Emulated LANs 8 5 Planning 4 3 MAX VCI Bits 8 3 MAX VPI Bits 8 3 Multicast packets 3 2 Multiplexing 2 14 O Operation and Maintenance OAM 2 15 Out of Cell Delineation State 9 10 P Passwords Default passwords 7 3 7 4 Payload 2 14 Payload Type Identifier PTI 2 14 Permanent Virtual Circuit PVC 2 12 Displaying PVC connections 8 11 When to
150. ween the device and the Ethernet port on the Switch Identify the problem and ensure that the MAC address is added to the Switch Database Is There Still a Problem Yes Contact Technical Support Refer to Appendix E No No further action is required Solving Known Problems Use this section if you have already pin pointed the problem and wish to look up possible solutions Solutions are presented as a series of tables and each table relates to a logical problem area Power Supply problems Power On Self Test POST failure Cable connection problems ATM problems VLAN or ELAN problems Solving Known Problems D 18 APPENDIX D TROUBLESHOOTING Power Supply Problems Table D 5 Power Supply Problems Problem Possible Causes Possible Solutions Switch does not power up m Insufficient power supply to the Switch m System is not receiving power Power supply malfunction m Blown fuse If the Switch does not power up correctly when the ATM Module is installed you may require a different power supply Refer to the Release Notes for information about IBM power supplies Check that the power supply is plugged into the device and power outlet Check that the main power supply switch on the wall is set to the ON position Check and if necessary change the fuse Refer to the user guide that accompanies your Switch for details about changing fuses and safety instructions Replace the power cable Cont
151. will discard any edits that have not saved using APPLY Select the ULAN to be configured 1 Is this ULAN to be connected to an ELAN ves Is the LES Address to be entered manually or obtained from the LECS ALECS 4 Enter the name of the ELAN that this ULAN is to join admin 1 APPLY CANCEL Figure D 3 ATM VLAN LEC Setup Use routing Devices on one Emulated LAN can only communicate with devices on another Emulated LAN using routing protocols Routing is outside the scope of this user guide Consult the user guide that accompanies your router FN 7 a I Is the MAC Address in the Switch Database If the MAC Address of a device connected to an Ethernet port on the Switch is not entered in the Switch Database none of the LECs on the Switch can act as a proxy for that device All LE ARP requests will fail to locate the MAC address and the requesting LEC will not be able to map an ATM address to that MAC address If a LEC fails to map an ATM address to a MAC address locate the device with that MAC address Is the MAC address in the Switch Database of the Switch connected to the device with that MAC address Yes Go to step 5 No Go to step 4 Enter the MAC Address in the Switch Database There are several reasons why the MAC address is not in the Switch Database m The Switch Database is full m The entry may have timed out m There may have been a problem with the physical connection bet
152. witch Refer to the user guide that accompanies your Switch for details about fuses and safety instructions Replace the power cable with a cable known to be working and power up the Switch Contact Technical Support Refer to Appendix E Checking that the ATM Module is Installed Correctiy Power up the Switch and check that the Module LED or Downlink Status LED on the front of the Switch is lit green If the MGMT LED is not lit green you should remove and then re install the ATM module You can confirm that the ATM Module is installed correctly by accessing the local management screens as described in Logging On on page 7 3 If the ATM Module is installed correctly the ATM CONFIGURATION option appears in the Main Menu Post Installation Checks 67 H the ATM CONFIGURATION option does not appear m You may have an incompatible version of the software Refer to the Release Notes for details of which version of the software should be downloaded m It could be that the ATM Module is still initializing If the ATM Module is still initializing the MGMT LED flashes green Checking the Physical Connections This section assumes that the ATM Module is correctly installed Check that the Link Status and Far End Status LEDs on the ATM Module are lit green If one or both of the LEDs is not lit there is a problem with the physical connection Follow the troubleshooting information below 1 Ensure that both
153. y its alternative name Network to Node Interface NNI Additional ATM definitions can be found in the Glossary at the end of this guide Finding Information in This Guide The following table shows you where to find specific information within this guide Task Location Learning Chapter 1 Features and Benefits concepts Chapter 2 Network Layer Concepts Chapter 3 Virtual LAN Concepts Planning your Chapter 1 Features and Benefits network Chapter 4 Putting Your ATM Network Together Chapter 5 Network Configuration Examples Appendix C ATM Module Technical Specifications Upgrading Chapter 8 Managing the ATM Module Software Installing the Chapter 6 Installing and Setting Up the Module ATM Module Appendix A Safety Information Accessing screens Managing the ATM Module Monitoring the ATM Module Troubleshooting Getting Technical Support Identifying terms Further reading Chapter 7 Accessing Management Features Appendix B Screen Access Rights Chapter 8 Managing the ATM Module Chapter 9 Monitoring the ATM Module Appendix D Troubleshooting Appendix E Technical Support and Service Glossary Bibliography Conventions Table 1 and Table 2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide Table 1 Notice Icons Icon Notice Type Alerts you to Information gt note
154. ysical Layer Statistics screen is shown in Figure 9 5 on page 9 11 and the statistics are described in the following text Port Identifies the currently selected port OCD State Shows the Out of Cell Delineation OCD state The OCD State is set to Fail when seven consecutive cells have had Header Error Control violations This implies that the cell has been corrupted and that there is probably a hardware problem with the ATM Module or ATM Switch The OCD State is only set to OK when six good cells are received by the ATM Module followed by approximately 10 seconds of good signal from the ATM fiber optic cable IBM 8271 Nways Switch ATH Physical Layer Statistics Port 25 OCD State OK Current Sample 157 out of 966 Seconds Elapsed Section Sample Counter Errored Seconds Near Errored Seconds Far Severe Errored Sec Near Severe Errored Sec Far Coding Violations Near Coding Violations Far Unavailable Seconds Near Unavailable Seconds Far Vo E VS H 13 nm eeeeeeeei 9 Soon lr CANCEL Figure 9 5 Physical Layer Statistics Current Sample Specifies the number of seconds elapsed within the current sampling period SONET SDH counters are accumulated over a period of 15 minutes 900 seconds At the end of the 15 minute sampling period the software stores the results of the current sampling period and resets the values shown on the screen to zero The results of the previou

IBM ATM OC-3c User's Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents